Quechua/ Qichwa/ Qhichwa/ Quichua/ Kichwa Vocabularies of the general language of the Incas of Peru or Runa Simi (called Quichua by the Spanish grammarians)

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Biblioteca Nacio~aI deI Perá Coiecctffi. quechra-a'Jll'M'a

PAuLRmT 1057

GENERAL LANGUAGE OF ~ 'l'HE

INCAS OF PERU

'

VOCABULARIES OF THE

GENERAL LANGU AGE OF THE '

INCAS OF PERU OR

RUNA SIMI (CALLED QUICHUA .BY THE SPANISH GRAMMARIANS)

BY

SIR C.L EMENTS MARKHAM, l(.C.B.

LONDON BALLANTYNE & CO. LIMITED TAVISTOOK ST. OOVENT GARDEN

1907

' C O N'l~EN~rs

PAGE

lNTRODUCTIO LIST OF ,,AUTHORITIES . Lrs T OF GRAMMARS AND VocABULAR I ES •

7

13

15

SKETCH OF THE GRAMM AR

17

QurcHUA- ENGLISH V ocABULARY

31

' ENGLISH- QUI CHUA VOCABULAR Y

159

SENTENCES .

245

'

IN'"_fRODUC'"flON general language of the Incas of Peru is spoken in the Audean regions of South America over a vast area, fro1n Quito to Tucuman and Catamarca in the Argentine ., Republic. lt was the wisdom of tlie Incas to endeavour to establish one language throughout their dominions. This beneficént measure was easy, because all the dialects in Peru are... clerived from one ancient source, and the grammatical structure of all ·is the same, with one exception. So that the policy of the Incas :was practically successful. The exception is the language of a people who reached a high state of civilisation in valleys on the northern coast The tradition of these people was that they o~ Peru. arrived from the sea. Their language is entirely distinct from the general language, and is now nearly extinct. A grammar, in which it was called " Yunca," fro1n the name for the warm coast valleys in the general language, w_a s printed in I 644. Bishop Oré calls this language ' "Mochica." There were dialects ~n Northern Peru called Chinchaysuyu, and the Collas,