Échanges et contacts le long du Nil et de la Mer Rouge dans l'époque protohistorique (IIIe et IIe millénaires avant J.-C.): Une synthèse préliminaire 9781841710020, 9781407351087

Table of contents :
Front Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Acknowledgements
TABLE DES MATIERES
INTRODUCTION
CHAPITRE I. Géographie, Ressources, Voies de communication traditionnelles
CHAPITRE II. Les données textuelles
CHAPITRE III. Les données archéologiques
Epilogue
NOTES
Abréviations
BIBLIOGRAPHIE
Planches

Citation preview

BAR  S782  1999   MANZO   ECHANGES ET CONTACTS LE LONG DU NIL ET DE LA MER ROUGE DANS L’EPOQUE

B A R

Cambridge Monographs in African Archaeology 48 Series editor: John Alexander

Échanges et contacts le long du Nil et de la Mer Rouge dans l’époque protohistorique (IIIe et IIe millénaires avant J.-C.) Une synthèse préliminaire

Andrea Manzo

BAR International Series 782 1999

Cambridge Monographs in African Archaeology 48 Series editor: John Alexander

,

Echanges et contacts le long du Nil et de la Mer Rouge dans l'epoque protohistorique (Ille et Ile millenaires avant J.-C.) U ne synthese preliminaire

Andrea Manzo

BAR International Series 782 1999

Published in 2016 by BAR Publishing, Oxford BAR International Series 782 Cambridge Monographs in African Archaeology 48 Échanges et contacts le long du Nil et de la Mer Rouge dans l'époque protohistorique (IIIe et IIe millénaires avant J.-C.) © A Manzo and the Publisher 1999 The author's moral rights under the 1988 UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act are hereby expressly asserted. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be copied, reproduced, stored, sold, distributed, scanned, saved in any form of digital format or transmitted in any form digitally, without the written permission of the Publisher.

ISBN 9781841710020 paperback ISBN 9781407351087 e-format DOI https://doi.org/10.30861/9781841710020 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library BAR Publishing is the trading name of British Archaeological Reports (Oxford) Ltd. British Archaeological Reports was first incorporated in 1974 to publish the BAR Series, International and British. In 1992 Hadrian Books Ltd became part of the BAR group. This volume was originally published by Archaeopress in conjunction with British Archaeological Reports (Oxford) Ltd / Hadrian Books Ltd, the Series principal publisher, in 1999. This present volume is published by BAR Publishing, 2016.

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PUBLISHING BAR titles are available from:

E MAIL P HONE F AX

BAR Publishing 122 Banbury Rd, Oxford, OX2 7BP, UK [email protected] +44 (0)1865 310431 +44 (0)1865 316916 www.barpublishing.com

A Nonna Dino, da cui per la prima volta seppi i nomi dei luoghi, delle genti e degli uomini.

Je remercie tres vivement les professeurs Charles Bonnet, Bruce G. Trigger et Kathryn A. Bard pour leurs suggestions et commentaires. Mes remerciements vont egalement au professeur Rodolfo Fattovich pour ses suggestions et ses conseils au cours de cette etude, au professeur Yaqob Beyene et au Dipartimento di Studi e Ricerche su Africa e Paesi Arabi de l'Istituto Universitario Orientale qui m' ont beaucoup facilite la tache. Entin, je tiens a dire ma gratitude au Centro Studi Archeologia Africana du Museo di Storia Naturale di Milano pour sa genereuse subvention, ainsi que a Lia et a ma famille pour leur soutien.

2

ECHANGES ET CONTACTS LE LONG DU NIL ET DE LA MER ROUGE DANS LEPOQUE PROTOHISTORIQUE

BIBLIOGRAPHIE

ABIRM. 1968, "Caravan Trade and History in the Northern Parts of East Africa", Paideuma, 14, 103-120 ABU BAKR O.A.M. et J. OSING 1973, "Achtungstexte aus dem alten Reich", MDAIK, 29, 97-130.

ARNOLDO. 1977, "Zur Keramik aus dem Taltempelbereich der Pyramide Amenemhets III, in Daschur", MDAIK, 33, 2126. 1982, "Keramikbearbeitung in Daschur 1976-1981", MDAIK, 38, 25-65. ARNOLD D. ed. 1981, Studien zur Altagyptischen Keramik, Mainz am Rhein.

ADAMSW.Y. 1977, Nubia. Corridor to Africa, London. ADAMSON D.A., F. GASSE, F.A. STREET et M.A.J. WILLIAMS 1980, "Late Quaternary History of the Nile", Nature, 288, 50-55.

ARNOLDD.E. 1981, "A model for the identification of non-local ceramic distribution: a view from the present", dans H. HOWARD et E.L. MORRIS ed., Production and Distribution: a Ceramic Viewpoint, BAR International Series, 120, Oxford, 31-44.

ADDISONF. 1949, Jebel Moya, London. 1956, "Second thoughts on Jebel Moya", Kush, 4, 4-18.

BACK L.R. et H.J.M. CLAESSEN 1978, "Comments on P.L. Kohl, "The Balance of Trade in Southwestern Asia in the Mid-Third Millennium B.C."", CA, 19, 3, 476.

AHMEDK.A. 1984, Meroitic Settlement in the Central Sudan, BAR Int. Series, 197, CMAA, 8, Oxford.

BADREL. 1991, "Le sondage stratigraphique de Shabwa, 19761981", Syria, 68, 229-314.

ALADAWII.A. 1954, "Description of the Sudan by Muslim Geographers and Travellers", SNR, 35, 5-16.

BALMANB. 1991, "Early Mining in Saudi Arabia", Communication presentee au congres Arabia Antiqua, Rome.

ALDREDC. 1970, "The Foreign Gifts Offered to Pharaoh", JEA, 56, 105-116.

BARBOURK.M. 1961, The Republic of the Sudan, London.

ALMAGIA R. 1936, "Geografia antropica ed economica", dans L'Africa Orientate, Bologna, 195-286.

BARKER PH. 1981, Tecniche dello scavo archeologico, Milano, tr.it. de Techniques of Archaeological Excavation, 1977.

ANFRA Y F. 1965 a, "Chronique Archeologique (1960-1963)", AdE, 6, 3-26. 1965 b, "La poterie de Matara. Esquisse typologique", RSE, 22, 5-29. 1967, "Matara",AdE, 7, 33-53. 1990, Les anciens Ethiopiens, Paris.

BARNES J.A. 1972, Social Networks, Menlo Park, California. BAROCAS C. 1978, L'antico Egitto, Roma.

ANTHES R. 1928, Die Felseninschriften von Hatnub, Leipzig.

BEALE T.W. 1973, "Early Trade in Highland Iran: a view from a source area", WA, 5, 2, 133-148.

ARKELLA.J. 1949 a, "The Excavation of a Neolithic Site at Esh Shaheinab", SNR, 30, 19, 1, 212-221. 1949 b, Early Khartoum, Oxford. 1950, "The Use of Nerita shells in Early Times", ASAE, 50, 365-366. 1953, Shaheinab, Oxford. 1954, "Four Occupation Sites at Agordat", Kush, 2, 22-62. 1955, "An Early Sudanese Bowl from Upper Egypt", Kush, 3, 95-96.

BEAUXN. 1988, "Etoile et etoile de mer: une tentative d'identification

*",

du signe RdE, 39, 197-204. 1991, Le cabinet de curiosites de Thoutmosis III, Louvain. BEESTON A.F.L. 1991, "The Arabian Aromatics Trade in Antiquity", communication au congres Arabia Antiqua, Rome.

108

PLANCHES

Mer Mediterranee

Rub al-Khali

Desert du Sahara

lAcTurkana

~

La.c Victoria

g'

0

Pl. 1: la region etudiee.

129

500 Km

Lac Victoria

Lac Abbe

Lac Ziway-Shala

Nil Blanc

Fayoum

Sahara

Donnees historiques tTl 0

500 av. J.-C.

500 av. J.-C.

~

Cl

tTl

C/1

tTl

>-J 0

1000

1000

~ >-J ► 0


-J

C/1

1500

1500

t""' tTl t""'

~

Cl 0

>

2000

2000
-J

0

...... \.;)

0

2500

2500

tTl t""'

►

~ 3000