A Pocket Chinese-Russian-English Dictionary: Arranged by the Rosenberg Graphical System (Araushkin and Nadtochenko's Pocket Chinese-Russian Dictionary with an English Text) 9780824843755

Table of contents :
INDEX FOR FINDING CHARACTERS IN THE DICTIONARY1
CONTENTS
Preface
Acknowledgments
GUIDE TO THE USE OF THE ROSENBERG GRAPHICAL SYSTEM
List of Abbreviations, Terms, and Symbols
A POCKET CHINESE-RUSSIAN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES (1975)
APPENDIX B PINYIN (ALPHABETICAL) INDEX
INDEX FOR FINDING CHARACTERS IN THE DICTIONARY

Citation preview

INDEX FOR FINDING CHARACTERS IN THE DICTIONARY 1 SECGROUP AND PAGE NUMBER TION 2

I

1.— 1 1 — ^ f f l f t 5 I E ± £ 8 ® 9 I g 1 4 ± ± 2 E 20353: 30® 2 3 2 l t M £ 363iCS. 39B. 4 0 1 M J K S 433SlfiL 3 4 4 ® t K 471ft« 54 U U f ^ ^ 5 5 f c b t i B 2. P 4 5 8 P S 6 4 H - & I ® 6 9 i g £ 7 2 ^ « 7 5 « 76g 80©^ s m ^ 5 82 0 ^ 8 3 f t 8 9 # 9 0 f i W 9 1 S 9 5 g ! £ 9 7 H & 101 A S 1 0 6 B S 3. I

II 1

III

! j

6 1073I^T 111/fBWTi

116®+=F

132PfiEfJ$4 t m 7 1 2 9 ^ 3 ^ 131# W 4JI 8 142#J||it(m 5.1 9 146WJ 1 5 0 T ^ 1 5 3 R j ^ 1 5 5 7 ? 6. J 10 158 xl" # 167# 7 . 1 11 183 1 8 4 I H M 186fSf& 12 187SJRII51 1 8 8 r t 3 ^ T p M 1 9 1 R M S U U 193 f f # 197 r r r r 8. S 13 9 . 7 14 2 0 0 ^ 205 1 0 . 7 15 200£}73&JjJ3 207 m 15 208 w n 16 214& 2 1 5 ^ # 1. The beginning page number for the subsequent characters/graphemes is shown in boldface type in each instance, 2. i.e. basic graphic element.

INDEX FOR FINDING CHARACTERS IN THE DICTIONARY 1 SECGROUP AND PAGE NUMBER TION 2

1 1 A 17 2 1 6 A ^ R 2 1 9 2 2 1 2265>C?C 227 ^ ^ 18 230 235 IV

\

A

19 238A 240 7j 32 360 & 361 362^ 22. * 33 363 364^

348 ¿ft M &

. The beginning page number for the subsequent characters/graphemes is shown in boldface type in each instance. 1. i.e. basic graphic element.

A POCKET CHINESE-RUSSIAN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

A POCKET CHINESE-RUSSIAN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY Arranged by the Rosenberg Graphical

System

(Araushkin and Nadtochenko's Pocket Chinese-Russian Dictionary with an English Text)

University of Hawai'i Press • Honolulu

© 2000 University of Hawai'i Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Chinese-Russian Text from: KapMQHHblH H.

C. A p a y u i K M H

MocKBa,

1975,

n

208

KüTaiicKO-PyccKMH

E. H . H a f l T o n e H K o , CTp.

^PyccKMM

CJTOBapb, H3MK*",

[Karmannyi Kitaisko-Russkii Slovar', N. S. Araushkin u

B. Ya. Nadtochenko "Russkii Iazik," Moskva, 1975, 208p.] The original Chinese-Russian Text is reproduced by permission of Prof. B. Ya. Nadtochenko.

05 04 03 02 01 00

5 4 3 2 1

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Barlow, John S., 1925A pocket Chinese-Russian-English dictionary : arranged by the Rosenberg graphical system : Araushkin and Nadtochenko's pocket Chinese-Russian dictionary with an English text / John S. Barlow, p.

cm.

Includes index. ISBN 0-8248-2294-3 (alk. paper) 1. Chinese language—Dictionaries—Russian. Dictionaries—English.

I. Title.

2. Chinese language—

II. Title: Chinese-Russian-English

dictionary. PL1459.R8B35

2000

413'.951—dc21

99-44237 CIP

University of Hawaii Press books are printed on acid-free paper and meet the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Council on Library Resources. Camera-ready copy prepared by John S. Barlow. Printed by Ed ward Brothers Incorporated

CONTENTS Preface

vii

Acknowledgments

ix

Guide to the Use of the Rosenberg Graphical System

xi

List of Abbreviations, Terms, and Symbols

xvii

A P O C K E T CHINESE-RUSSIAN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

1-364

Appendices: A. Geographical Names (1975)

365

B. Pinyin (Alphabetical) Index

377

v

Preface Most currently available Chinese-English dictionaries, including small or pocket ones, are alphabetically arranged according to pronunciation (e.g., pinyin), but if the pronunciation of the character is not known, an appended radical/stroke index must usually be consulted first. This can be a tedious and time-consuming process, and can discourage the use of dictionaries, especially by those at an early stage of study of the Chinese written language. By the same token, there is a dearth of small (pocket-book) dictionaries suitable for non-Chinese individuals. These difficulties arise because Chinese characters are not alphabetically based. An alternative method of locating a character in a dictionary, long standard in Russia but little known elsewhere, is one in which the location is determined directly from inspection of the makeup of the character itself, without the necessity of first consulting a radical/stroke index. The system, which can be termed the Rosenberg Graphical System (after the Russian who perfected it in 1916), is founded on some 22 basic graphical elements (in contrast to 189, or 214, etc., radicals in the various radical systems). The system entails a systematic visual analysis of an unknown character into components of these basic graphic elements according to a simple set of rules, beginning at the right lower corner of the character. The approach can be considered somewhat analogous to that of finding a word in an alphabetically-based (e.g., English) dictionary. For the present volume, which is arranged on the graphical system, a parallel English text has been added to the 2,273-character, 8,500-word Pocket Chinese-Russian Dictionary of Araushkin and Nadtochenko ("Russian Language," Moscow, 1975). That dictionary included the List of the Most Frequently Used Characters, published by the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China in 1952, and the List of 3,000 Most Frequently Used Words of Putonghua, published in 1959 by the Committee on Reform of the Chinese Written Language. Although the number of lead-entry characters is limited, the format of parallel equal-width columns of Chinese-Russian and of English has permitted an increased number of English renditions for each original Chinese entry. (The Russian text has not been altered.) The size of the word list approximates the 6,000 entries in The Pocket English-Chinese (Pinyin) Dictiovii

Preface

nary (Wang Liangbi, Zhu Yuan, and Ren Yongchang, The Commercial Press, Beijing/Hong Kong, 1983). In the preparation of the present volume, some corrections and updating have been m a d e in the original Chinese text, e.g., replacement of a few unsimplified characters by their simplified forms (so that essentially all characters would appear in their simplified form), and inclusion of a number of characters that had been omitted f r o m the alphabetical (pinyin) index. Page references have been added to the latter, facilitating its use as an alternative mode of entry to the body of the dictionary. A guide to the use of the graphical system has also been added. Some minor regrouping of the graphemes in the G r a p h e m e Index (of which a running version is now included) and of the characters in the body of the dictionary has been carried out so as to be in agreement with the more recently published Great Chinese-Russian Dictionary (Oshanin, I.M. ed., Moscow, Nauka, 1983-84, 4 vols ), and the Chinese-Russian Dictionary (B.G. Mudrov, ed., Moscow, "Russian Language," 1980). The English text was derived f r o m the original Chinese text (quite independently of the Russian text), primarily with the aid of the recently published ABC Chinese-English Dictionary (John DeFrancis, ed., University of H a w a i ' i Press, 1996), and also A Chinese English Dictionary, Revised Edition (Wei Dongya, ed., Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, Beijing, 1995). The relatively few phrases and idiomatic expressions of the original text have not been rendered into English. (In the author's opinion, phrases are best given triply: characters, pinyin, and English, as in Chinese-English phrase books usually; this would not have been feasible in the present undertaking.) The present pocket dictionary can be considered as an introduction to the Rosenberg Graphical System, and as a smaller companion volume to my A Chinese-Russian-English Dictionary Arranged by the Rosenberg Graphical System (Mudrov's Chinese-Russian Dictionary with an English Text and Appendices) (University of Hawai'i Press, 1995), a medium-size dictionary of 5,700 characters and 60,000 words). The latter volume contains a more extensive guide to the use of the Graphical System as well as several appendices, including a history of the Graphical System, which dates f r o m 1856.

viii

Acknowledgments It has been a pleasure to work with William Hamilton, Paul Herr, Cynthia Lowe, and Ann Ludeman of the University of Hawai'i Press, on the production of this book. As was the case with the previously mentioned large Chinese-RussianEnglish Dictionary, I am very grateful to Sibylle J. Barlow, my wife, for proofing the English text as well as the Chinese character lists.

ix

GUIDE TO THE USE OF THE ROSENBERG GRAPHICAL SYSTEM (Modified, after Grigor'ev 1 and Barlow 2 ) The characters in the dictionary are ordered on the Rosenberg Graphical System, which is based on the following principles:

The 22 Basic Graphical Elements and Their 5 Principal Stroke Directions Each (printed) Chinese character is imagined to be a square, and the graphical element (stroke) occupying the right lower corner o f the square is taken as a basis for classification of the character as belonging to one of 22 basic graphical elements. If there is no stroke in the right lower corner, then the lowest distinguishable stroke that descends either vertically downwards or obliquely to the left is taken for classification. In the characters shown below, the basic graphical element is filled in:

The 22 basic graphical elements, which correspond to the 22 sections of the dictionary (as well as to the 22 sections of the Grapheme Index appearing on the front and back inside covers—as described below), are as follows:

- P I

JI1 1 1 / 7 1

1 2 3 4

V X \

I, L A ~l I

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Z, * ^

*

17 18 19 20 21 22

These 2 2 basic graphical elements fall into 5 major categories o f stroke-direction: I, horizontal; II, vertical; III, sloping downward to the left; IV, sloping downward to the right; and V, reverse curve downward (see also the left side of the facing pages of the inside covers): Division Stroke-direction

1

-

II

111

I

/

IV

\

V

\

A synthesis of the principal stroke directions, and a corresponding grouping of xi

The Rosenberg Graphical System

the 22 basic graphical elements can be found in the character, if its lower horizontal stroke is taken to symbolize the fifth principal stroke direction; i.e., —, I, V , / , . . In turn, the 22 basic graphical elements can be grouped around this character, as follows:

The Grapheme Index These 22 basic graphical elements, taken individually and combined systematically, form the 407 graphemes of the Grapheme Index (inside covers of the book), which are in turn systematically combined with one or more of the 22 basic graphical elements and with one another to form the 2,273 characters in the dictionary. (There are thus an average of 5 characters to each grapheme.) Location of a given character in the dictionary is thus accomplished by first establishing its basic graphic element, then its corresponding grapheme, and finally the character itself, as follows: The graphemes within a section in the Grapheme Index are ordered as follows: a) the simplest graphemes (which may be the same as the basic graphical element itself for that section) appear at the beginning; b) then follow successively the graphemes formed by addition of other basic graphical elements (taking into account their own order) to a given basic graphical element in the following general sequence: on its left, on its upper left, on top of it, joining (touching) it, intersecting (crossing) it, and finally, inside it (i.e., enclosed by it). Some illustrative examples of these principles follow. In Section 1, Group 1 (inside front/back covers, left side), the first grapheme, — i s itself a basic graphical element. It is followed by the graphemes, j t g , and , which have additions on top of it (there are no additions at its left or its upper left). Then follow several graphemes, beginning with ~P and H, xii

The Rosenberg Graphical System

that are formed by first touching it and then by intersecting it, in an orderly sequence. In Group 2 in the Grapheme Index, the graphemes are formed by two junctions with the first basic graphical element, —•; some of the graphemes form enclosures. In Section 6, the Basic Graphical Element for which is | , the first grapheme, by an 5 |, is formed by an addition to the left of the latter, the second, addition on top of it, the third, by two additions that touch it, the ninth, by one that intersects it, and so on. For convenience (described further below), the graphemes within each of the 22 sections (corresponding to the 22 basic graphical elements) are arbitrarily divided into 1 to 3 groups, for a total of 33 groups. For example, in Section 1 there are 3 groups, in Section 2 there are 2 groups, and so on. The approximate position of the character within a section is established by determining the grapheme in the Grapheme Index that corresponds to that of the character being sought. Then, from the pagination (boldface numbers) given in the Grapheme Index, the character itself is located in the body of the dictionary from among those characters comprised of this particular grapheme, according to the sequence of combinations described above. (The inclusion of the pagination numbers results in further subdivision of the graphemes into arbitrary subgroups.)

The Arrangement of Characters Formed from Combinations of Graphemes The sequence in the body of the dictionary of characters formed from two or more graphemes is as follows: first, those graphical complexes which are formed by addition of a grapheme on the left side of the original one, then those formed by addition of a grapheme at the upper left, and finally, by addition of a grapheme on top of the original one. For example, compound forms of the character, g , are arranged in the following sequence: iff, f j , and compound forms of the character, | g , would be ordered as follows: (g, I f . Such compound characters are arranged in order of the sequence of the basic graphical elements of the respective individual graphemes that are added to the base grapheme. For example, compound characters based on the grapheme, xiii

The Rosenberg Graphical System

g , would be arranged in the following sequence: f®, H , same sequence that these graphic elements appear alone.

i.e., in the

It should be pointed out that the procedures outlined above serve more as guidelines than as a complete set of rules, which would be cumbersome in any case, and to which some exceptions would almost inevitably occur. (Note, for example, in the Grapheme Index, that some of the graphemes in Group 18 on p. 235 could alternatively have been included under Group 31 on p. 341. Typography can thus on occasion be a factor in the graphical classification of characters.) In any case, difficulties in using the graphical system can be expected to diminish with experience gained in using it. The Running Grapheme Index A running version of the Grapheme Index (including the Group numbers) is included at the top of each pair of facing pages. The basic graphical element appears at the top outer corners (in a square), and, in the top middle, a horizontal string of prior and subsequent graphemes is displayed, centered at the grapheme corresponding to the centerfold of the pair of pages, for a total of 30-40 graphemes. (The last grapheme of the string on a left-hand page is that for the last character on that page; the first grapheme of the string on a right-hand page is that for the first character on that page, or for the continuation of the character from the bottom of the paired left page.) Summary of Steps in Finding a Character in the Dictionary 1. Determine the basic graphical element (1 of 22) from the lower right corner of the desired character. Locate the corresponding Section from among the 22 Sections in the Grapheme Index (inside front/back covers). 2. Determine from the Grapheme Index the corresponding grapheme (one of about 400) for the character in question, keeping in mind that other graphical elements are combined with a given one according to the following sequence: on the latter's left, on its upper left, on top, joining it, intersecting it, enclosed by it. (It is very advisable to memorize this sequence, along with the 22 basic graphical elements themselves and their sequence.) The approximate location of the corresponding grapheme is indicated by the pagination (boldface type), its exact location can be established from the Running Grapheme Index (top of each pair of pages). (The group numbers that are included in the Grapheme xiv

The Rosenberg Graphical System

Index and in the Running Grapheme Index indicate arbitrary subdivisions of graphemes, for convenience. The subgroupings of graphemes that result from insertion of page numbers in the Grapheme Index are likewise arbitrary.) 3. With the aid of the vertical lead-entry list of characters at the upper outer margin of each page, locate the desired character itself, keeping in mind that the order in the dictionary of compound characters that are made up of a combination of other graphemes with a given one is as follows: graphemes added to its left, then those added on its upper left, and finally, those added on top of it. 4. As a more expeditious alternative to Step 2, the basic graphical elements and the Running Grapheme Index (35-40 graphemes from the total of some 400, with their group numbers), which are displayed at the top of each pair of facing pages, can be used directly, without reference to the Grapheme Index (inside covers). The graphemes on the left page precede, those on the right page follow, the centerfold of a pair of pages. (The grapheme group numbers provide a means of coordination with the grapheme group numbers in the Grapheme Index (inside covers), if desired, the numbers being the same.) With very few exceptions, only the simplified form of characters used in printed publications in the People's Republic of China are given in the dictionary.

Pinyin (Alphabetical) Index A pinyin (phonetic, or alphabetical) index is included as Appendix B, thus providing a second mode of entry to the body of the dictionary in those instances in which the pronunciation is already known.

1. Grigor'ev, G.M. [Short Chinese-Russian Dictionary], State Publishing House for National Dictionaries, Moscow, 1962, 631 p. 2. Barlow, J.S. A Chinese-Russian-English Dictionary, University of Hawai'i Press, 1995, 830 p.

xv

List of Abbreviations, Terms, and Symbols abbr.—abbreviation addr.—form of address adj.—adjective adv.—adverb archi.—architecture agri.—agriculture anat.—anatomy astron.—astronomy attr.—attributive aux.—auxiliary av. —aviation bot.—botany Budd—Buddhist (C)CP—(Chinese) Communist Party Ch. med.—Chinese medicine chem.—chemistry coll.—colloquial comp.—computer/computing conj.—conjunction const.—construction(s) court.—courteous/polite ct. w.—counting word derog.—derogatory dial.—dialectical (non-Mandarin) dipl.—diplomacy econ.—economics electr.—electrical fig.—figuratively finan.—financial gov' t.—government gram.—grammatical hon.—honorific humb.—humbly imper.—imperative

interj.—interjection interr.—interrogatory Jap.—Japanese ling.—linguistics lit.—literally liter.—literature loan w.—loan word m.—meter M.—measure (counting) word mach.—machinery med.—medicine meteor.—meteorology mil.—military min.—mining mus.—music n. suf.—noun suffix naut.—nautical neg.—negation no.—number obj.—object onom.—onomatopoeia part.—particle passive v.—passive voice philos.—philosophy phonet.—phonetic photo.—photography phys.—physics physiol.—physiology pi.—plural pol.—politics postp.—postposition PRC—People's Republic of China pref.—prefix prep.—preposition print.—printing

Abbreviations, Terms, and S y m b o l s

reflex.—reflexive

theatr.—theater

IT.—railroad

topol.— topology

sb.—somebody

trad.—traditional

sing.—singular

wr.—writing.

sth.—something

/—indicates alternative word(s)

suf.—suffix

//—continued on line above

surg.—surgical

\\—continued on line below

xviii

A POCKET CHINESE-RUSSIAN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY

—

yi

1. O A H H ; EJIHHHUA;

nep-

1. one; first 2. all, whole 3. a s s o o n a s

B b l H 2 . B e C b , UeJIHKOM 3 . K a n TOJIbKO — g ro; ~ j j

yixie

HeMHO-

a number of, certain, some, a few/little

HanpaMHK

1. straight 2. continuously, always, all II

HecKO/ibKO,

//along

HeKOTOpbie yizhi

npaMO,

yibei

BflBoe

twice, double ciacT-

bon voyage!

— ~S y i b a i CTO yimlan oAna CTopoHa; ~ j f i . . . , ~ j f i . . . C OAHOH CTOpoHbi..., c Apyroii cTopoHbl...; H..., H... yixiaz cpa3y, OAHHM MaXOM y i b a n n0Ji0BHHa

one hundred

~ S 8 - p y i b e i z BCH )KH3Hb; B T e 4 6 H H e BCefi W H 3 H H — y i y a n g n o a o 6 H b i f l , OAHHaKOBblft — ft y i l i i B e e K a K O A H H ; B e e cpa3y yiqi BMede; OAHOBpeMCHIIO — yideng nepBoro copTa (xjiacca)

all one's life, a lifetime

yilu jiHBoro

ping'an

nyinl

yiyue HHBapb y i t o n g BMecre, HO; S A O A H O

1. one side/aspect 2. simultaneously, both...and...; on the one hand...on the other hand... at one stroke, immediately, one fell swoop one half; in part

the same, equally, alike, a s equally, without exception simultaneously, in unison, together first-class/rate January

coBMecT-

together

— ffi] y i x i a n g n p e ) K A e ; AO CHX nop; BcerAa

consistently, all along, up to now

— ^

district, region

yidai

paiioH

1

1 — y i q i e

Bee;

Bee

— Tjffi yifangmian c oflHofi CTOpOHb'l yi tian 1. 0AHa>KAbi 2. B e c b .neHb y i k u a i r BMGCTC yitihua HHTerpamia y i l a i BO-nepBbix ~ i S y l q i BMecTe, c o B M e c t H O y i d i n g o 6 f l 3 a i e j i b n o , HenpeMeHHO; HaBepHHKa y i b a n 1. o f i h m H b i f i 2. B 66m,eM, B o o f i m e yizhi 1. eflHHorjiacno 2. eAHHCTBO yiblan o^Ha cropona;

1. at the same place 2. together to unify since //all, altogether 1. in the same place 2. together 3. inII 1. fixed, definite; regular 2. certainly, surely, necessarily 3. given 4. proper general, ordinary, common 1. identical 2. unanimous 1. one side 2. on the one hand...on the other h a n d -

c o i i n o f t CTOpoiibi..., c apyrofi cTopoHbl...; H..., H...

all together, in all, all told a handful

— ft y i g o n g H T o r o , B c e r o —/J^ii yi xiaocuo rpynnHpoBKa, ropcTKa yixilie [uejibiii] paa yidian HeiuHoro, iyrb-MyTb yihuir oana MHHyia; M r H O B e H H e ; TOT^ac — e r A B a ; 6 6 a ; BTopfift — I - ershi flBaauaTb erdeng (K.iacc?)

BToporo

-

all, every, everything 1. on one side 2. on the one hand...on the other hand..., for one thing...for \\ 1. one day, once 2. all day Wanother

(whole) series 1. point 2. an hour 3. a little, a bit a little while; one moment... the next... one or two, just a few/little twenty

copTa second class, second rate

e r y u e eBpa/ib e r l a l BO-BTOPHX

February in the second place, secondly

2

1

-

£2 r e n

i

f

l

l

M

f

ryManHOCTb;

e

l

g

ryMan-

HblH

2b xie

HeKOTopoe

ko/ihmgct-

f

i

S

S

I

i

i

j

1. benevolence 2. humane, compassionate; e s t e e m e d 3. kernel a small quantity, a few, s o m e

B C &

BO, HeCKOJIbKO

—

san tph; TpeTHH sanyufe MapT

three; third March Tpe-

triangle

sanbiSn caiunaH sanlunche BeJiopiiKuia Ian opxH^ea iS Ian nperpawflaTb; npe-

sampan

sanjiSoxing yro^bHHK

is £ £

tt

pedicab 1. orchid 2. fragrance 3. moral excellence to bar, block, hold back

nflTCTBOBaTb ~ IS l a n z u

3aaep>KHBaTb;

nperpa>KAaTb

0CTaHaB/iH-

— J S landing BaTb;

MeuiaTb

to obstruct, impede to block, obstruct, hinder

npoABHwe-

HHIO

£

Ian 1. nepiijia; nopyiHH 2. H3ropoiib 3. K0^0HKa; cio;i6eu —iff langan 1. neprijia; nopyiHH 2. fiapbep; H3ropoflb ~tS, it

Ian

rHHTb, 1.

column 1. railing, banister, balustrade //mushy, sodden 3. dissolute 1. to rot, fester; rotten, decayed 2. II

pa3^araTbca

lanzhi MaKyjiaTypa SI"

1. fence, railing, hurdle 2. pen, shed 3.

WWIKOBaH

wastepaper 1. silk 2. threadlike thing 3. tiny

HHTb,

iue.nK 2. npoBo;ioKa; CTpyHa 3. HHqT0)KH0e KO^HHecrBO sihao

orpuu,.

lyTb-iyTb;

neped

HHCKOJIbKO

He

bit/trace

in the slightest amount/degree

ifl tin 1. HCKpeHHHH 2. cno-

1. smooth, level 2. calm, c o m p o s e d 3. open, candid

KOHHblH

tanbai

0TKp0BeHHbiii,

1. honest, frank, candid 2. to confess

i

HHCTOCepAe IHblft ~]S£ t a n k e T a H K ; TaHKOBbift tankeshou t3hkhct ( i . d a n h o , o f l H a K o ; TOJibKO f i

~

tank tankman 1. but, yet, still, nevertheless 2. only,

danshi ho, o/iHaKo d a n 1. H e c r i i 2. S p a T b Ha c e 6 n (Hecni) OTBGTCTBGHHOCTb

merely

(na nnemx)

1. to carry on a shoulder pole 2. to take on, undertake

dan 1. KopoMbicJio 2. nepen,

Homa,

1. (measure of wgt. = 50 # or 22.7 Kg) 2. load, burden; carrying pole

OpeMH

3

iS (1 a

danren

Hcno.iHHTb

o6h-

to assume the office of, take charge of

3aHHOCTH

d a n d a n g g p a T b Ha ceOTBCTCTBeHHOCTb d a n z CM. f ! 2 d a n d a i CM. — ^ — ^ d a n b d o pynaTbcn; rapaHTlipOBaTb danjia hochjikh d a n f u 1. HecTii (na cede) 2. 6 p a r b Ha ce6a (HeCTH) OTDeTCTBeHHOCTb ~iL> danxin BOJiHOBaTbcn, SecnOKOHTbCH I I d 3 n 1. w e / m b ; jxe/mHbift n y 3 b i p b 2. civiejiocTb, x p a 6 pOCTb ~ j l d d n l i a n g CM. JE 2 — r f ; * : diSnz da cmmuS, xpafipbiii dSnz xi5o po6khh; TpyC^HBblH d a n q i e TpycHTb; TpycJIHBblH M. x u a n ofi-bflBJIHTb; AeJiaTb 3aflB^eHHe — • g x u a n y a n MaHHecT; /iemiapauHH x u a n s h i .aaBaTb KJiHTBy; npHcaratb; k j i h t b 3 ; npHcara xuangao(bu) o6t>HBJiHTb, np0B03i\namaTb; 06Hap6ii0BaTb — i!tS x u a n z h a n 1. o6t>hbjiHTb BoiiHy; o6i)flBJieHHe BOHHbl 2. 6pOCaTb BbI30B xuanchuan arHTaunn; nponaran.ua ® x u a n LuyMeTb, r a j i a e T b — USi x u a n h u a CKaH^a^HTb; myM, r a j i ^ e x xuannao cxaHfla^HTb; cKanaaji g s h a n 1. 3axBaTbiBaTb, ob-

to take on, undertake, assume

6a

carrying pole plus load 1. to show leniency 2. to look after to guarantee stretcher, litter to bear, shoulder, take on, be charged with to worry, feel anxious 1. gallbladder 2. courage, bravery, audacity 3. internal parts courage, guts bold, daring, audacious, brave timid, shy; cowardly timid; cowardly 1. to declare, proclaim, announce 2. to drain off (liquids) declaration, manifesto to take/swear an oath; vow to declare, proclaim to declare war to propagate, disseminate, give publicity to noisy hubbub, uproar to make a noise/racket 1. to arrogate to oneself, do on one's

4

1

fflliIB±g£lg±±:a£gS&&M

jiaAeBaTb 2. aeiicTBOBaTb CaMOBOJlbHO g @ shanzi caMOBOJibHo; caMOBOJIbHblH g zhou AHeBHoe BpeMH, AeHb; flHeM zhou-ye cyTKH, AeHb H HOIb 3§: cha npoBepHTb; BbiacHaxb chayan 0CBHAeTejibCTBOBaTb,

2

ih

H

own authority 2. to be good/expert at/in to do sth. without authorization daytime, daylight, day day and night, around the clock 1. to check, investigate 2. to look up to examine and approve

OCMOTpeTb

—chakan ocMaxpHBaTb; OCMOTp — c h a zidian HCKaTb weporjiH(J)bi B cJioBape chadui CBepHTb; conoCT3BJlHTb chawen cnpaiiiHBaTb, cnpaBASTbcn o — 0/3 c h a m i n g BbiacHHTb c h a k S o npoBepHTb, 06CJieAOBaTb I I jiang rpamiua ~ ± . jiangtu TeppHTopHs (crpanbt) j i a n g j i e ( y u ) rpamiuw; npeaejibi (crpanbi) ft yu pi56a-, pbigHbift yusi JiecKa — S yupen aKBapHyM — f j yulei Topne^a — R t t y u g a n y o u pb'i6nfi wwp —Sp y u g a n yaoMKa yuzi HKpa — — y u g o u [pblGO-TOBHblfi] KplOMOK j g yu jiOBHTb pbi6y; pbi6oJIOBCTBO; pbl60JI0BHbIH — ilk yuye pbiSojioBCTBo — A yuren pbifiaK, pbifiojioB yumin pbifiaKH 3 1 w e i o x p a H H T b , 3am,HiuaTb; oxpaHa, Kapayji welsheng rw-HeHa; ca-

to check up, go over, ferret out to look up a character in a dictionary to verify the amount/numbers to interrogate to ascertain to ascertain boundary, border territory territory;, domain 1. fish 2. surname fishing line aquarium torpedo cod liver oil fishing rod fish roe fishhook 1. to catch fish 2. to usurp, gain by ruse fishery fisherman fisherfolk 1. to guard, defend 2. guard

5

hygiene, health; sanatarium; hygienic

IE

1 HHTapiÍH;

3flpaBooxpaHe-

caHHTápHbift

HHe;

wéixing

satellite; artificial satellite

cnyTHHK;

acrp.

A Ja 32 S

HCKyCCTBeHHblft

cnyTHHK ~ H

wéiguó

3amHmáTb

flHHy

— HSSsft wéiguó

to defend one's country

pó-

patriotic war

zhánzheng

OTéiecTBeHHaH BOHHá

— ^

wéibing

oxpáHHHK,

payjlbHblH _h

sháng

1.

CBépxy

2.

Bepx;

guard, bodyguard

Ka-

1. upper; upwards 2. higher, superior, better 3. first (part); preceding, previous 4. emperor 5. to mount, go up, board, get on 6. to go to, leave for 7. to present, submit 8. to go/forge ahead 9. to enter, appear on stage 10. to place/set/fix/apply 11. to be put on record, be carried in a publication 12. to wind/screw/tighten 13. (in questions) able/unable 14. third tone in Mandarin 15. (neutral tone) (after nouns) on; (after verbs) up

BépxHHñ;

BbiiueyKá3aHHbift,

npeflbiayiUHH cópTa,

3.

BÚcmero

npeBOcxÓAHbiñ

4 . nOflHHMáTbCH, BOCXOAHTb; HanpaB^ÁTbCH 5. 3aKpbiBáTb, 3annpáTb 6. nocAeAOI OÓCTOHTEABCREA Me-

na: í g _ h Ha MÓpe;

ÍEf^?

J i Ha c T O j i é 7 . cytp. napeHUÚ, YKASBIEAWMUX Ha cípepy dexreAbHocTu: ié_h

B

nOJIHTH^eCKOM

HOUieHHH,

—ífE shángbán h a t h AHTb)

CMéHy] — S

na

OT-

nOJlHTHMeCKH

[b

paóóTy

shángdáng

HyTbiM; n o n á d b

fibiTb

b

to go/start to work, be at work/on duty

(bmxocboió

to be taken in, be fooled

o6Má-

rjiynoe

ncwio>KéHHe —ffi

shángchuán

to board a boat/ship

caAHTbCH

Ha napoxó,n (b JiÓAKy) shángtái

npuft-

to mount a platform, appear on stage

1. CMá3biBatb HaKJláflblBaTb

1. to grease/oil 2. to cover with grease/oil

nprnu.,

Ha cuéHe; TH K BJláCTH noHBHTbca

shángyóu MáCJIOM 2.

Ma3b

~pg

shángmian

nepen.

1. B e p x ;

1. above, on the surface/top of 2. higher authority 3. aspect, regard, respect 1. above and below, high and low 2. superior and inferior 3. more or less 1. upper part 2. first volume (of 2)

Ha-

B e p x y 2 . Bbirne, p á H b m e ~ T s h á n g - x i á 1. B e p x h h h s 2 . ÓKOJIO, npH6jlH3HTejlbHO —i® shángbú 1. BépxHHH

6

1

2

qacTb 2. népBaa lacTb (nanp. npou3BedeHiut) s h à n g w u RO n o ^ y ^ H H , b népBofi nojiOBHHe a h h — ^ s h à n g c h é caaHTbCH (HO noesd, e aeroóyc u T. n.) shàngshéng noBbiuiàTb (-csi), nOAHHMaTb(csi) s h à n g j i è BbixoAHTb uà yjinuy — ^ shàngxué nocemàtb lUKtwiy, ymÌTbcn shàngdéng Bbìcmnfl copi; nepBOoàccHbifl — S i s h à n g c h à o npHJiHB — II, s h à n g m à 1. cecTb Ha KOHH; no KÓHHMl 2. B3HTbcìi 3a pa6ÓTy s h à n g c ì b npóiii^ibifl pa3 — I f s h à n g k è h a t h Ha 3aHaTHfl (B WKCWiy) s h à n g y i BépxHfla OAé>KRa —ìXI^ shàngyìyuàn Bépxh h h najiàTa napjiàMeHTa; ceHàr — IS s h à n g j i BbimecTOHuian HIICTaHUHfl; pyKOBÓACTBO ~ M s h à n g c é n g 1. BépxHHH c j i o h 2. Bepxii (o6iu,ecTga) - 1 1 5 5 shàngcéng jiànzhù (pUAOC. H3ACTpÓHKa i t ràng ycTynaTb; no3B0^HTb; y c T y n K a ; nycTb ~ i f i r . à n g j i à y c T y n i i T b , npoilàTb neméBJie r à n g b ù CM. ì j ; EL y i n g 1. c j i é ^ y e T , Hy>KHO 2. corjiauiaTbCH •— y ì n g 1. OTKJiHKaTbcyi, o t BeMàl'b 2. COOTBéTCTBOBaTb —^ yìngyàn c6biBàTbcsi; riOATBep>KAàTbCH y ì n g d à n g CM. £2 1

i H k S S

last year to get into (a car/train/etc.) to rise 1. to go into the street 2. to go shopping to attend school, be at school first class, superior 1. to go to court 2. to hold court 1. to mount a horse 2. to start a project last time, previous occasion 1. to attend class, go to class 2. to give a lesson/lecture upper outer garment, jacket upper house, senate higher level/authority upper strata/level superstructure 1. to yield 2. to allow 3. to induce sb. to do sth. 4. to transfer possession of\\ to agree to reduce \\(signifies passive) the price asked 1. to yield, compromise 2. to step aside 1. should, ought to 2. to promise/ agree (to) 3. to answer, respond 1. to answer/reply/respond 2. to correspond/conform to to come true should, ought to

7

R

± f2

1 1. to deal/cope with, handle 2. to do sth. perfunctorily 3. to make do to be (well) deserved, be due

y i n g f ù N P H H H M A Î B OTBéTtibie Mépbi; pearripoBaTb ~ i f yingdé 3ACJIY)KEHHBIH; no 3ac/iyraM yîngyôu Heo6xoaHMbifl,

£2FI

ought to have

HAAJIE>KÉMHFI

to apply, use

— ffl y î n g y ô n g HMêroinHfl npaKTiiqecKoe npHMeHénHe; rÔAHbifl k ynoTpeô^éniiio, k HCnÔJIbSOBaHHK) yîngyâo NPHHHMAÎB npHr^auiéHHe; no n p u r j i a méHHio y î n g z h à n 1. NPHHHMAÎB BbI30B 2. BCTynâTb B 6o H y i n g g â i CM. & 1 Ê j î â n SKOHÔMHTbj 3KOHÔMHblH, 6epe>K^HBblfi jiànshëng SKOHÔMHTB; 3KOHÔMHn; SKOHÔMHblH — # jiânpû 1. npocTÔfl, CKpÔMHblH 2. 6epe>K^HBblfi Ê x i â n 1. onâcHOCTb; onâcHblH 2. y3KHH, TéCHblH — G xiânyào 1. BÉIKHBIH CTPAIERHMECKHH

NYHKT

to receive an invitation 1. to meet an enemy attack 2. to accept a challenge should, ought to, must 1. frugal, economical 2. meager 3. poor harvest frugal, thrifty economical, thrifty and simple 1. vicious, venomous, malicious, dangerous 2. danger 3. nearly, narrowly strategically located and difficult to access

2.

>KH3HeHHo Ba>KHbiH ô p r a H Ê liân JIHU.6; ÔÔJIHK l i â n p é n Ta3 j y i a yMbiBâHHH ~ B ( ? ) liânmiàn(z) MMÔ; BBIPAWÉHHE yàn

1.

1. face, countenance 2. front washbasin, washbowl 1. face 2. self-respect 3. sb.'s feelings 1. to examine, check, test 2. to prove effective

JIHUÉ

npoBepiÏTb;

ocMâî-

pHB3Tb 2. 3K3âMeH 3. ÔnblT, SKCNEPHWÉHT

to do a blood test 1. to examine, inspect 2. to check closely to check on delivery

y à n x u è AHÂJINS KpÔBH yànkàn OCIUÉTPHBATB; OÔC^éflOBaTb — J & yànshôu NPHHHMÂÎB (nanp. crpouTeAbHbiu oô-beKT) TFÈ j i à n npoBepHTb, KOHTPO^HpOBaTb; HHCnCKTHpOBaTb j l à n c h â ( y à n ) CM. FÔ —L(A

1. to check, inspect, examine 2. to restrain 3. book label 4. form, pattern 1. to check, examine; examination

8

1

2 iHkssas:

fôii

jiântào

KpiÎTHKa;

1. to discuss thoroughly 2. to selfcriticize; self-criticism to review (troops, etc.); military review

KpH-

0Ô3Ôp

THieCKHH

jiânyuè 1. c M O T p é T b ,

Ha-

6jiio,nâTb 2. npHHHMâTb pâji; napâfl

na-

jiânchâ

to prosecute

pacc.né.noBaTb;

npoBepHTb jiàndiàn

npoBepàTb

1. to examine/check carefully 2. to be cautious (in speech, deed) 1. to sign, autograph 2. bookmark 3. bamboo slips (for drawing lots, divination) 4. toothpick, pointed stick to sign one's name, autograph

no

cniicKy q i â n 1. n o f l n r i c b i B a T b ; n ô . n -

nHCb 2. HaKJiéftKa,

simé-r-

Ka

q i â n m i n g no/inHCbiBaTbCH, CTâBHTb nÔflnHCb — i l q i â n d i n g n o a r i H c a T b , 3aiwiiomÎTb (doeoeop) qiànshôu pacniîcbiBaTben B nojiyMéHHH I g o n g pafiÔTa; peMecJiô g ô n g c h é n g 1.

to conclude and sign (a treaty, contract, etc.) to sign after receiving sth. //to be versed in, good at 1. work, productive labor 2. industry// engineering project

HHJKeHép-

Hbie pafiÔTbi 2. c o o p y w é H H e gôngchéngshî

engineer

HHJKe-

Hép industry

gôngyè npoMbiui^eHHOCTb; npOMb'lUIJieHHblH, HHJiyCTpHaJlbHblH —ilknq g ô n g y è p i n npoMÛmJieHHble H3flé/IHH — ik-fb g ô n g y è h u à

aJIH3âUHH gôngzuô 6ÔTa c.-x.

ôpuaade) gôngjiâncào

BÔflCTBeHHaa H

industrialization

pa-

3BeHÔ

work, job

(a

work team/group

npoH3-

exercise during work-break

THMHâcTHKa

~ïf§ gôngshàng JieHHHKH

HH^ycipH-

paôôîaTb;

~ff=£ll g ô n g z u ô z ù

industrial products, manufactured goods

npoMbiiii-

TOprÔBUbi;

industry and commerce

TOp-

rÔBO-npOMb'lIUJieHHblH •—¡SI?- g ô n g s h â n g j i è ToprôBO-npoMÙui^eHHbie (ae.no-

industrial and commercial circles

Bbie) Kpyrri

factory, mill, plant, works

~Y~ g ô n g c h â n g 3aBÔ,a; 4>â6pHKa

9

F

1 MactepT M gôngchàng CKân; cj)â6pHKa — À g û n g r é n pa6cmHft gûngfu cBoCÓAHoe

Bpé-

m h , flocyr

— M

gôngzéi

ujTpeflKÔpéxep

gôngqiân 3apn^âïa gòngdì cTpÓHKa

gòngyì 1. p e M e c j i ó ; peMéc^eHHbift 2. TexHOJiórHH; TexH0^0riÌ4ecKHft gôngjù opy^He npoH3BÓACTBa; H H C T p y M é H T g ô n g z i sâpafiOTHaH nJiâra

gonghuì npo4>coiÒ3 gòngling npon3B0.ncTBBHHblH CTâ>K i l h ó n g 1. K p â c H b i H , âjibift 2.

cHacT^HBbifl,

fijiaronpH-

HTHblH 3. npHÓbl/Ib, hóngwèibing

flOXÓfl xyHB3H-

workshop, atelier worker 1. time 2. workmanship; skill, art 3. work, labor, effort scab, blackleg, strikebreaker 1. service charge 2. (coll.) wages, pay building/construction site technology, craft tool, implement, instrument wages, pay trade/labor union seniority, length of service 1. red 2. revolutionary, communist 3. popular, in vogue 4. women's 5. bonus, dividend Red Guards

ÔHH (bl) hóngbàoshi pyÓHH — h ó n g s h i z ì h u ì 06mecTBo KpâcHoro Kpeera h ó n g j ù n UCT. KpacHaa ApMHH h ó n g c h a SaiixoBbiH iaft — •fe h ó n g s è K p a c H b i f t u B e T

hóngqi KpâcHoe 3HâMH hóngzào ìKyxyó tX h ó n g 1. p a A y r a 2.

apKa

3. ,nyroo6pa3HbiH £E jiâng [ôoJTbmâH] pena ~|I| jiângshàn péKH H r ó p b i ; CTpaHa jiânghû péKH H 03ëpa

j g châ pà3HHua, pa3.iHHHe ~

c h à 1. n p Ó M a x ; omrifiKa 2. He COOTBéTCTBOBaTb; pa3-

JIHMâTbCfl — chài nocbi^aTb, poBaTb; Reno,

kom3Hah-

ruby Red Cross 1. Red Army 2. Red Army personnel black tea 1. red color 2. revolutionary red flag date (fruit) rainbow 1. river 2. Yangtze 1. rivers and mountains, land, landscape 2. country, state, power //country 1. rivers and lakes 2. all corners of the// difference 1. inferior, poor 2. to differ (by), be short, lack, be missing 3.wrong(ly) to send, dispatch

nopyiémie

10

1

2 ihlk5afl3fcâ châjù(cuo) HHe;

ynymé-

spatial difference

npÔMax

—châyî

pa3JiHMHbiH,

He-

difference, divergence, discrepancy,

OAHHaKOBblH

diversity

—glj châbié pa3JiimâTb; Hima,

pâ3-

pa3^H4He

chàde duo (yuan) 1. CHJIbHO 0MH4âTbCfl; ôqeHb CojlbLUâH pâ3HHUa 2. H3MHÔro

difference to differ strongly/greatly; very large difference

xyxKb; ibHouia, m o j i o a o h qe^oBCK; lOHOCTb — 11 q i n g y i 1. JierKnft; jierKO 2. ^I6rK0MbICJieHH0 q i n g k u a i Sb'icTpbift, npoBOpHblft ~ f i i q l n g b i a n JierKHft; y a o 6 HblH; nOpTaTHBHblH — q i n g s h i npe3HpaTb, npeHefiperaTb;

HrHopiipoBaTb

— I S q i n g s o n g jierKHH, npwBOJlbHblH g? k o n g 1. onycTeTb; n y d o f t 2. HanpacHO, 3pa 3. He6o; B03flyiIIHblH — k o n g 1. cBo6onHoe BpeMH 2. MecTo, npocTpaHCTBo 3. BaKaHCHfl k o n g x u nycTofi, n o p o w HHH — • g k o n g h u a CM. k o n g b a i nponycK, npo6eji; He3anojmeHHbiH k o n g b a i d i a n nponycK, npo6e.n kdngjun B06HH0-BO3flyuiHbie ciijibi, B B C kongjiangbing B03flyuiHbiH AecaHT; B03AymHo-aecaHTHbie BoficKa — Ffi k o n g z h o n g B B03,ayxe; B03flyuiHbiH; aBHa= — ml k o n g q i a n HeBHAaHHbiii, He6biBaJibiii

i H k S S f l S M

light industry lightly, gently to be credulous/gullible youth, young people lightly, rashly brisk, lively, agile light, portable, handy to despise, slight to relax, lighten up; light, relaxed 1. to empty, exhaust; empty, hollow, void 2. vain and useless; unreal, impractical 3. high and vast 4. sky, space 1. leisure, free/spare time 2. chance 3. room, space 4. spacious 5. wanting, blank hollow, void, devoid of meaning empty/idle talk blank space blank, blank spot air force airborne force, paratroopers open air/sky; aerial, overhead unprecedented

13

B g

1 3?|61 k o n g j i a n n p o c i p a H c i B o , np0Me>«yT0K k o n g t a n nycT03BOHCTBO, ¿O.ITOBHH k o n g x i B 0 3 A y u i H 0 e Hana,neHHe, Ha.neT — j 5 k o n g y i i n B 0 3 A y w H b i e nepeB03KH kongzhan Bt>3,nymHbiii 6oh — k o n g q i B03,nyx; aTMOc4>epa kongxiang uieH K o o n e paTHBa ( K O M M y H b l ) 2. COTpyAHHK peaáKUHH — ¡ è shèhul óóiuecTBO; 06lUécTBÇHHblH, COUHáJIbHblH J1TÍ3M;

1. to expectorate, spit 2. to speak out,

oöieAH-

CTaTbá; 0630p AaKUHÓHHan)

local/native product

n^eBaTb

HéHHe 2. KOMMyHa; KoonepaTHB 3. p e A a K U H f l ; a r é H T CTBO 4. COUHájIbHbll'l, 06méCTBeHHblH — if

l

shèhuìzhuyì counaC0UHa.THCTH4eCKHH

tt tt it

—

—

M

soil

1 flánifia

~ S § t ü l ú Bb'iöojiTaTb, BOp-HTbCíl

Ä

±

agrarian reform

TOUIHHTb;

i

(coll.) to urge on

—itfe túdi gáigé arpápHad pe(J)ópMa tühuó TOBáp MécTHoro npOH3B0ÄCTBa Ht t ü 1. n j i e ß ä T b 2. BbióájiTbiB3Tb tíl

f

to grow in strength, expand

editorial editorial

commune member

society socialism; socialist

15

B

1 $fc m u

caiueu

male (of s o m e birds and animals)

(XUBOTHOBO)

6pioxo

St

du

WHBOT;

~

du

jKe.ny.noK

ft

du

3aTbiKaTb;

belly, abdomen, stomach tripe

33BaJiHBaTb;

3aropa>KHBaTb dusfe

nperpa>KjiaTb;

3a-

BajTHBaTb ~ I B dujue npeceib; JIHKBH^HpoBaTb; npepBaTb (OTHOluenun) ¡fct z a o o q a r ; njiHTa ££ zhuang t. Hace.ieHHbifl nyHKT; flepeBHH 2. c e p b e i Hblft — M.

zhuangzhong

HblH,

cepb§3-

to stop, prevent; to shut out to stop, block up to stop, put an end to //canteen 1. kitchen stove 2. kitchen; mess, II 1. village, hamlet 2. manor 3. place of business 4. banker (in gambling game) 5. serious, grave serious, grave, solemn

BaiKHblft

— ¡f™

zhuangyan

BawHbifi,

TOpJKeCTBCHHblH; zhuanghii CKOe

KpecTbHH-

X03HHCTB0,

zhuangjia

solemn, dignified, stately

CTporHH peasant household

ABOp

noceBbi;

x^ie-

crops

6a 14 z a n g

naiKaTb,

—

3arpa3-

zang

BHyTpeHHOCTH,

zhuang

CTO^6;

S(J£ z h u a n g

1.

CBAA HapawaTbCH

2. n p H T B o p H T b c a 3. HHH;

BHyT-

yKpauie-

KOCMeTHKa

PU; z a n g

no^Kyn;

B3flTKa;

HarpaS^eHHoe zangwu JXo6tiToe

Harpafi^eHHoe;

HewecTHbiM

zangkuan zai

1.

6bITb,

6bITb

B

nyreM

B3flTKa HaXOflHTbCH

JKHBb'lX,

JKHTb

3 . COCTOHTb, 3aKJ110MaTbCa 4.

viscera, internal organs

opraHbi

peHHHe

2.

dirty, filthy

rpfl3Hb!H

HHTb;

neped

¿A.

dnuTeAbHbiG. CT8UX

UAU

i E ^ i ?

OH

zaizuo

yKa3biaaer xapaKTep COCTORHUe:

1. stake, pile 2. M. for items/matters 1. to apply makeup; makeup 2. woman's personal adornments 3. trousseau, dowry 1. booty, spoils 2. bribe 1. booty, spoils 2. bribe illicit money 1. to be, exist, live 2. (to be) at/in/on 3.(indicates action in progress); while

B

na deuffe

nrirneT npHcyTdBOBaTb;

to be present

3aceaaTb

16

1

2

i h l k H S B S M I

JUL

i E t t t z a i s h i 6biTb B j K H B b i x , JKHTb zaiyu(hu) coctoHTb, 3aKJIK)'jaTbCH B — 1*3 z a i n i i 1. HaxoAHTbcn BHyTpH 2. B TOM 4HC./16, BK/IlOMaH H

to b e living

— %

to be on the scene/spot, be present

zaichSng

npucyTCTBO-

BaTb; npHHHMaTb yMacTHe z a i z h i HaxoAHTbca Ha c/iy>«6e (npw HcnojiHeHHH cjiy>Ke6Hbix 06H3aHH0CTeii) z a i x i n ( y i ) noMHHTb, A e p w a T b B MblCjlHX $ i x i e 6 6 y B b ; TyKHBaTbCH

— —

3

firm, determined; firmly, resolutely firm, staunch, steadfast; to strengthen hard, solid steadfast a n d persevering strong, firm, staunch; to strengthen 1. ridge in a field 2. raised path between fields to monopolize 112. to advance money 3. cushion 1. to put sth. under sth. else; to fill up//

19

1 cTHJiKa; cH^eHbe 3. OAaJijKHBaTb; aBaHCHpoBarb £

chen

ribiJib

chentii(ai) ribiJib § mo 1. Tyrnb; lepHH.ia 2. TeMHblH; MepHblH 3. a n i HblH — TpfS® moshou chenggui u e n ^ a t b C H 3a CTapoe; npHAep>KHBaTbCH KOHCepBaTHBH b l X B3rjIHA0B

— 7X m o s h u i T y u i b ; q e p m i j i a ^ lei KpenocTb, tJjopT; y K p e n ^eHHbiii nyHKT 5 zh'l 1. AOXOAHTb, AOCTHr a T b 2. B Bbicuieft CTeneHH, BecbMa 3. w t o KacaeTcn — 4 " z h i j i n a o ceroAHfluiHero ahh, ao chx nop - J - z h i y u mto KacaeTCH — ' p z h i s h a o caMoe Majioe, MHHHMa/lbHO, MHHHMyM z h i d u o caMoe 66/ibiuee, MaKCHMaJlbHO,

MaKCHMyM

z h i nJieMHHHHK — z h i n f l nJieMiiHHHua M w u KOMHaTa; a o m ; >KH.nbe; noiuemeHHe ~HS w u d i n g Kpb'iuja g

WO

1. A e p > K a T b ,

OKHMaTb

(a pyne) 2. n p r i r o p w H H — ^ w d s h d u nomaTb pyKy; pyKonowaTHe w o q u a n OKwuaTb KyjiaKH s h i noMemeHHe; KOMHarn; Ka6nHeT ZUO 1. CeCTb; 2. exaTb Ha (B)

CHAeTb

— z u o w e i MecTo; CHAeHbe z u o l u o MecTonojioiKeHHe z u o x i a cecTb; caAHTecb! ZUOSh'l 6bITb

Hafi^WAaieJieM

CTOpOHHHM

1. dust, dirt 2. this world dust 1. ink, ink cake 2. handwriting 3. black; pitch-dark 4. corrupt, venal to stick to conventions //learning 1. prepared Chinese ink 2. ink 3. book// 1. to build by piling up 2. rampart 3. baseball base 1. to, until, till 2. extreme(ly), most 3. to arrive, reach until now, up to now; still, for the present as for/to; (go) so far as to at (the) least at (the) most brother's son, nephew woman weaver 1. house 2. room roof, housetop to hold, grasp to shake/clasp hands to make/clench fist 1. room 2. house 3. work unit 4. wife 1. to sit (down) 2. to travel by (plane, etc.) 3. to sink 4. recoil 5. to be pun-\\ place, seat Wished 6. seat 7. because to be situated/located to sit down to sit by and watch

20

1

g

g

2

i h ^ l k S S B a s a i ^ ^ S 1. to defeat, frustrate 2. to subdue, deflate setback, reverse 1. seat, place 2. stand, pedestal, base 3. constellation 4. fare 5. (restaurant) customer 6. (M. for mountains, bridges, etc.) forum, symposium

c u ò 1. H e y ^ a i a 2. y m i 3 H T b ; CJIOMHTb t cuòzhé Heyaaia SE z u ò 1. CHfléHbe; Mécro 2 . T p O H 3 . Ci.

CA.

DAH

top

u (pyHdaMeHTaAbHbix coopyotcenuu —iifcà zuòtànhuì cofiecéfloBaHHe; npecc-KOH(})epéHUHH; ceMHHàp y à 1. flaBHTb; n p e c c o B à T b 2. y r H e T à T b ; THST — -gg] y à d à o npeBocxoflHTb; flOBJléTb — yàdào duóshù noAaBJIHIOlUee 6o/IblUHHCTBÓ y à z h i noAaBJiHTb; n p i i TecHHTb; n o A B e p r à T b penpécCHHM — Ì ) y à l l aaB^éHHe; Ha>KHM yàfu (fu) no/mnHHTb; n p H H y W f l à T b craoft yàpò yrHeTàTb; rHèT; ìiro yàsì(huàl) pa3flaBHTb, 3 a A a B H T b fi

1. to press, push/hold down 2. to control; to quell 3. to pigeonhole, shelveW to overwhelm, overpower \\4. pressure overwhelming majority 1. to suppress, stifle, inhibit 2. (mach.) press pressure to force/compel sb. to submit 1. to oppress, repress 2. to constrict to crush, overwhelm, run over 1. to serve in a position 2. to appoint to a position 3. to allow 4. official post 5. no matter (what/how)

r è n 1. B é p H T b ; n o j i a r à T b C f l H a 2 . H a a H a M à T b (na ÒOAOKHocTb) 3. c.ny>K6a; flÓJi)KHOCTb 4 . nonycTHTe^bCTBC-

BaTb; flonycKàTb 5. j i i o 6 ó f t , BCSKHH r è n m ì n g CM. fi 2 ~{5J rènhé jiio6óh, bchkhh — % r è n w ù 3aAàlia, 3aflàHiie — IR r è n z h i CM. fi 2 H c h é n g panopTOBÉTb; pànopr,

AOHecéHHe

— fg chéngbào npeacTàBHTb nopT)

g

AOKJiàflbiBaTb; AOK^àa

human life any, whatever assignment, job to hold a position 1. to assume (a form/color/etc.) 2. to submit, present 3. petition, memorial to submit a report

(pà-

c h é n g 1. n y T b , M a p w p y x 2. n p à B H J i o ; o6pa3éu 3. npouécc; noc^éa.oBaTe^bHocTb

21

1. rule, regulation 2. order, procedure 3. journey 4. distance

R

m fi

EL

1 1. order, procedure, course, sequence 2. program programming

g j ? chengxu nopnaoK; nporpaMMa; npoueaypa - l y - l b chengxuhua nporpaMMripoBaHHe — Jg; c h e n g d u c - r e n e H b , y p o BCHb g w a n g 1. CMOTpeTb BAaJib 2. HaaesTbCfl; owHAaTb — jzeH w a n g y u a n j i n g 6h-

level, degree, extent 1. to observe 2. to visit 3. to hope, expect 4. to approach 5. reputation telescope

HOK.Ib

~J& w a n g j i a n

noceTHTb,

1. to see 2. to meet/see one another

Ha-

HeCTH BH3HT 3£ w a n g Kopo^b; npaBHTejib; KHH3b E w a n g 1. CBeT^bifi; 6jiecTiii u h h 2. pacu.BeT, npouBeTa-

1. king, sovereign, prince 2. grand, great, honorable prosperous, flourishing, vigorous

HHe

vigorous, exuberant

—1® w a n g s h e n g npouBeTaTb; npouBeTaHHe £E k u a n g 1. SecHTbcn; 66u i e H C T B O 2. cyMac6poflHbift;

1. mad, crazy 2. violent, wild, unrestrained 3. arrogant, overbearing 4. mania, insanity 1. ravings 2. bragging

pacnyineHHbifl

—"a kuangyan

BpaHbe;

nyc-

T03B0HCTB0

kuangxi

jiHKOBaHHC,

BOCTOpr

k u a n g r i n MaHbHK —JZlPl k u a n g q u S n b l n g Med. 6euieHCTBO — Jxl, k u a n g f e n g y p a r a H ; Gyps — kuangre ajKHOTaw; asapT Jf[

ban

1.

paceraBJisiTb;

no.naraTb 2. r p y n n a ; OT^ejieHHe

3.

cMeHa;

pac-

eoeH.

oqepe^H

2.

peiic

b a n z h a n g SpiiraaHp

gale-force wind fanatical, feverish spot, speck, stripe; spotted, striped

one-

peab; aewypcTBO — '¿K. b a n c ! 1. o i e p e f l b ; B nopsaKe

wild with joy //balanced/conceited person 1. madman, maniac 2. (derog.) un-// (med.) rabies

(»a

npou38odcT8e); cTapocra (zpynribi); KOMaHfliip (OTdeAenun) b a n j l peiicoBbift caMOJieT

1. order of school classes/grades 2. number of runs/flights 1. class monitor 2. squad leader 3. (work) team leader //scheduled flight 1. airliner 2. regular air service;//

22

1

2

R

£E w i n g 1. H C K a K a T b ; HCKajKeHHbiii 2. 3 p a , H a n p a c H O w S n g r a n CM. £E 2 wingfa HapyuiaTb 3aKOH; HG33KOHHbIH JE b a n necTpbiii; naTHiicTbiii b a n d i a n naTHo; nHTHa wang nojiHBaTb; yBJiawHHTb wangyang HeorviHflHbiii, He0603pHMbIH j i h u a n g HMnepaTop; uapb huanggung HMnepaTop-

S

flBOpeil huangdi HMnepaTop 6orflbixaH HL h u a n g CMHTeHHe; cTpax naHHKa —S; huangkdng HcnyraTbcsi CTpax; naHHKa

1. to distort, pervert 2. to wrong 3. to deign 4. crooked, bent 5. vainly futile, purposeless to pervert the law •II4. scheduled, regular 5. (M. for crowds,etc. 1. class, team 2. shift, duty 3. squad// spot, stain, speckle 1. to collect, accumulate (of liquid) 2. to soak 3. puddle, pool vast, boundless (of water) 1. emperor, sovereign 2. imperial, royal (imperial) palace

CKHH

huang

CBepKaTb;

chhio

emperor 1. afraid, fearful 2. anxious, uneasy 3. hurried, flurried terrified bright, brilliant

IUHft; CBeTJlblH £

q u a n Becb, uejibift; u e j i i i kom; coBepmeHHO — fit q u a n p a n Becb, uejiHKOM nOJIHOCTblO qudnguo bch CTpaHa o6merocyAapcTBeHHbifl quanmian BcecropoH hhh; Bceo6mHH q u a n b u Beeb, ue;iHK6M Bceuejio ~M> q u a n j u o6man oficra HOBKa (CHTyaUHH) quanji nojiHoe co6pa

to make perfect/complete; keep intact; complete(ly), whole(ly) total, overall, comprehensive, complete the whole country/nation; nationwide; national comprehensive, overall, all-round, allout whole, complete, total, all overall situation complete/collected works

HHe COHHHeHHH —

q u a n t i Bee; Bceo6mHH n^eHapHhifl quanqiu zhanliie

whole body, plenary assembly; all, unanimously global strategy

quanquan iiojihomomhr IIOJIHOMOHHblH quanmin Becb HapoA BceHapoAHbifi

full/plenary powers

rJio6a^bHaH CTpaTerHH

whole/entire people, all the people

23

1 quànjing diànying KHHonaHopaMa 3? y ù 1. H i i j M a ; Het}>pHT 2. n p e K p à c H b i i i ; ó j i a r o p ó a HblH — y ù m ì KyKypy3a b à o coKpÓBHiue; a p a r o u é n Hbifi, aoporÓH — ffi b à o z u ò TpOH bàoshi flparouéHHbiii KàMeHb — ^ b à o k ù COKpÓBHLUHHLia — Ut b à o z à n g fioràTCTBa He/ip bàobèi coKpóBHiue; a p a TOuéHHOCTb b à o g u ì uéHHbifl, floporóil ì z h ù 1. X03JÌHH; H a q à ^ b H H K ; 3aBéflyiomHH; ynpaB/inio1UHH 2. M à B H b l f l ; Bà)KHhm 3. npH^ép>KHBaTbCH; CTOHTb 3a —•f£ z h ù r è n CM. 3 : 1 z h ù y ù epaM. noAJiewàmee — i f z h ù g u à n BéjiaTb; 3aBéAOBaTbj KOMneTéHTHblft zhuzhi rnaBHasi ycraHÓBKa; OCHOBHàn H ^ é f l ~ i r z h ù z AJKGHTJlbMÉH — z h u c h i B03r^iaBJiiìTb; 3 a BéaoBaTb; y n p a B J i H T b z h ù b i à n r n à B H b i f t peflàKTOp zhuxi npeflceaàre^bCTBOBaTb; n p e a c e f l a T e j i b , r i p e / i CeAàTeJlbCTB'yKDLllHH z h ù x i t u à n npe3HflnyM z h ù l ì iyiàBHaa (ochobH à a ) ciÌJia zhùdòng HHHUHaTHBaj BeAyuiHft; AéftcTByiomHH ~ith zhùbàn B03I\riaB;iHTb >

panoramic movie 1. jade 2. fair, beautiful (of women) 3. (polite) your maize, (Indian) corn treasure; precious, treasured throne gem, precious stone treasure-house, treasury precious (mineral) deposits 1. treasured object 2. darling 3. cowry 4. good-for-nothing 5. to treasure to value; valuable, precious 1. master 2. owner 3. host 4. to direct, manage 5. main, principal 6. to indicate 7. to advocate 8. opinion, view 9. god 10. ancestral tablet 11. person/party concerned director, head, chair (gram.) subject to be responsible for, be in charge of; person in charge of purport, substance, gist master, boss 1. to take charge/care of, manage, direct 2. to uphold, stand for editor-in-chief, chief editor/compiler; to edit, supervise publication 1. chair (of a meeting) 2. chair/president (of organization/state) presidium (mil.) main force initiative; on one's own initiative; (mach.) driving to direct, sponsor, host

pyKOBOAHTb

— A . z h ù r é n XO3HHH; uiei}>

1. master 2. host 3. owner

24

1

2

i

i

M

3iSfc z h ù z h â n g TÓMKH • 3péHHfl; npHACpJKHBaTbCfl (MKoeo-A. 83ZAHda); CTOHTb 3a zhüyi

1.

OCHOBHÓH

npiÎHUHn; y i é m i e 2. cyKHbiii, iviâBHbifi; rocnóflCTByiomHH ÎÉ zhù 1. OCT3H3BJ1HB3TbC}{J JKHTb, npoÂHBâîb 2. npeKpaïuâTbCfl zhùzhi âApec zhùhù JKHJléU, KBapTHpâHT zhùfâng npojKHBâîb; KBapTHpOBâîb zhùjiâ 5KHTb flÓMa — % zhùzhâi ÄHJiriwe; KBapTiipa G w à n g 1. HÄTH, OTnpaBji HTbcn, HanpaBJiflTbca 2. npóm/ibiH; npé>Kfle — g w ä n g w ä n g qâcTo; noCTOHHHO —•/§ w à n g h ò u Ha3âA ~J§Ü

wànghòu

tuì

OTXO-

ÄHTb (OTCTynéTb) Ha3â„1 ~ B w à n g r i npé>K.ae, B npéwHHe BpeMeHâ w à n g n i à n B npôuiJiOM w à n g q i â n Bnepëfl ~ 0 Î J â l w à n g q i â n zôu HATH BnepëA w à n g l â i 1. yxoAHTb H npwxOAHTb; TYFLÂ H oôpaTHo 2. TeKymHÎi (o cnëre) 3. OTHOlIléHHH, CBH3H ~ j [ w à n g f ù Tyflâ H oôpârHO

i S l i l E ì S to advocate, stand for, maintain, hold; view, position, stand, proposition doctrine, -ism sovereign rights; sovereignty subjectivity; subjective subjectivism main, chief, principal, major 1. to live, reside, stay 2. to stop, cease 3. (suf.) tightly, firmly address household; resident household, lodging to reside; residence residence, dwelling 1. to go toward 2. past, previous often, frequently

//future henceforth, from now on, later, in the// to retreat, step back, recede (in) former days (in ) former years ahead to go ahead 1. to come and go 2. contact, intercourse back and forth

25

R f±

B

1 wäng-fän(huän) aà ®

H

oópàTHo;

Ty-

YXOÄHTB

B03BpamäTbCH z h ù 1. n p e ß b i ß ä T b , Haxo ÄHTbcn (gpeMeHHo); AHCJIO u r i p o B a T b c a ; 6biTb p a c K B a p THpÓBaHHblM 2. ÓbITb aK KpeAHTÓBHHHblM zhùhué aKKpeAHTÓBaH Hbie ( H a x o f l ä m H e c a ) B K H Tàe

— ¥ zhùjun pacKBapTHpó BaHHbie BOHCKä; rapHH3ÓH zhüshöu OÖOpOHflTb yAÉp>KHBaTb z h ù f à n g 6biTb p a c K B a p THpÓBaHHblM —ÌL(f6) zhùzhà(tdn) pac KBapTHpÓBbIBaTb ft

to go and return; there and back

H

zhù

1.

to halt, stay 2. to be stationed at

to be accredited to (stationed in) China billeted troops; garrison to garrison, defend to be on garrison duty, garrison to be stationed, quartered

BOHCKä CTOJIÖ

KOJiÓHHa;

post, upright, pillar, column

NOANOPNA 2. NOAAÉP>KHBATB cJiy>KHTb n o A n ó p K o f t zhùshi CTOJIÖ 2.

I.

KOJiÓHHa

OCHÓBa,

1. o ß p a m ä T b (8HUMÜ Mie) 2. pa3T>HCHHTb, KOM MCHTHpOBSTb 3. fléjiaTb sa MéTKH; 3anricbiBaTb 4. B/IH B a T b ( c n ) ; B n a A à T b (o peite) ~M. zhùzhòng oópamàib

QE z h ù

Cepbè3HOe

1. to pour 2. to annotate 3. to concentrate 4. to record, register 5. stakes (in gambling) 6. notes, annotation 7. (M. for business deals) to lay stress on, pay attention to

BHHMàHHe

~lhf zhùshè HHTiéKUHH zhùming nOHCHHTb —fé

pillar, mainstay

KOCTHK

BnpbicKHBaTb;

zhùdìng

to inject

pasiacHflTb,

to indicate/note clearly

npeflonpeae-

to be doomed/destined

JIHTb — iE zhùji

AéjiaTb

33m6tkhj

to note, make notes, write down

3aniicbiBaTb — SE z h ù s h i

cJieaHTb,

Ha6.nio-

to watch attentively, gaze at

oópamàTb

BHHMà-

to pay attention to, take note of

AäTb — Ü ; zhùyì HHe; jin

-

BHHMàHHe 1.

Meià-n-n;

3ÓJIOTO;

//precious 5. durable 6. Jin (dynasty)

1. metals 2. gold; golden 3. money 4. II

26

1

2 fleHbrH

2.

R

30JI0THCTbIHl

>K6JlTbIH jinxing

I. 3 0 J i 0 T a f l

2 . acrp.

BeHepa

aa

jingangshi

3Be3ajiMa3;

(astron.) Venus diamond

6pH^^HaHT jinz ~ H

gold

30JI0T0

jinshu

MeTaJi/ibi;

Memetals (in general)

TaJIJlHMeCKHH ~]T

jinkuang

30Ji0Tbie

npii-

j i n r o n g AeHe>KHoe

o6pa-

gold mine

HCKH meHHe; ig

jian

(JwnaHCbi

finance, banking

1.

1. to reflect, mirror 2. inspect, examine

paccMaTpHBan>;

onpeAeJiHTb

2.

npeaocTepe-

3. warning, object lesson 4. (polite)

raTb

to peruse (a letter)

jianyu BHHMaHHe,

npHHHMaa

xapaKrepH30-

onpe.ne.nHTb;

TepricTHKa; — J®

in view of, seeing that

WTO...

jianding BaTb;

BO

xapaK-

to appraise, identify, authenticate; appraisal

arrecTaiiHH

jianjie

npeAOCTepewe-

warning, object lesson

Hiie £

sheng

1.

po>KAaTb(cH) m e C T B O B a T b 3.

>KHTb,

nOflBJlHTbCH,

5.

Heo6pa6oTaHHbiH;

6.

HeonblTHblii shengli

8. stiff, mechanical 9. very keenly \\ KaTbpa3MHO>Kenne

(biol.) to reproduce

shenghuo

1. life; existence 2. livelihood, profes-\\ birthday Wsion 3. to live

shengri

>KH3Hb fleHb

powaeHHH

s h e n g m i n g >KH3Hb; c y f l b -

life

6a shengcun >KHTb, cymecTBOBaTb; cymecTBOBaHHe s h e n g z i He3HaKOMbiH nepOMH(})

to subsist, exist, live unfamiliar/new word

27

EL

1 ^ ^ s h ë n g y ù p o w i U T b ; poscflâeMOCTb s h ë n g b i n g 3aôojiéTb shëngchân 1. poflHTb 2. npOH3BOAHTb; npOH3BÔfl CTBO; npOH3BÔACTBeHHbltt — s h ë n g w ù x u é 6ho/iô thîi s h ê n g l î >KH3HeHHbie ch Jlbl shëngdông whbôh >KH3HeHHbIH ~JSZ s h ë n g z h à n g pacTii; b h pacTH —7j< s h ë n g s h u i cbipân Boaa shëngxiào

BCTynâTb

b

to give birth to, bear to fall ill 1. to produce, manufacture 2. to give birth to a child biology fresh (of reinforcements) lively, vivid to grow, develop unboiled water to go into effect, become effective

CHJiy

—

shëngqi 1. cepAHTbca 2. [>KH3HeHHafl] 3HéprHH; >KHBOH —1% s h ë n g h u ô cbipbë; n o j i y (JjaôpHKâT s h ë n g y i CAéjiKa ft x i n g 1. c b ô h c t b o ; x a p a K Tep 2. 6UOA. no.n; noJioBÔfi x î n g g é KaqecTBa Me.noBéna; TetunepâMeHT

— Ufc x i n g z h i c b ô h c t b o ; xapâKTep ft s h ë n g >KHBÔTHoe; c k o t — g shëngchù ckot flt s h è n g 1. ô p a î b B e p x , n o 6e>KaâTb 2. npeBocxoAHTh 3. npeKpécHbiii 4. cnocôôHbtH s h è n g r è n cnpaBJiHTbCH c OÔH3aHHOCTflMH ~ f i j s h è n g l î no6é,aa ~ £ t s h è n g g u o npeBOCxofltiTb A

NËM

shèng-fù hcxôa 6opb6bi; OKOHMaTCJlbHblH pe3yjibTaT tt x i n g HOCHTb (jjaMHJlHIO; 4>aMHJlHH

1. information 2. physical/spiritual relations/affinity semifinished product business, trade 1. nature, character, disposition; property, quality 2. sex, gender 3. (suf.)W nature, temperament \\ -ty, -ness quality, nature, character 1. domestic animal 2. animal sacrifice livestock, domestic animal 1. to win victory, succeed, surpass, excel 2. victory 3. scenic view 4. triumphant, superb, distinctive to be competent/qualified to win victory/success; victory to excel, surpass victory and/or defeat; success and/or failure surname, family/clan name

28

1

& S M

2

l h l k S g B f l S a i g j E a & i f l i

xingming (jjaMMHH h HMH [ x i n g n e 6 e c H o e TeJio; 3Be3-

l name 1. star; heavenly body 2. particle, bit 3. weight marks on steel yard 1. week 2. Sunday Monday (Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday)

Aa Sg x i n g q l ^ He.ne.nfl SI—(—,Eg,S,7^,B)xIngqtyl (er, san, si, wu, l i u , r i ) noHeAeJibHHK (BToph h k , c p e ^ a , leTBepr, i i h t h h -

ua, cy66oTa, BOCKpeceHbe) 'X x i n g h u o HCKpa;1. spark 6 u c 2. t - shooting star, meteor pblft, CTpeMHTejlbHblii •Bk x i n g j i MeiKn^aHeTHoe interplanetary, interstellar npOCTpaHCTBO 1. to come to, sober up 2. to wake up, ! x i n g npo6y>KAaTbCfl, n p o be awake 3. to be clear in mind\\ CHnaTbCH to come to realize, \\4. to be striking xingwu 1. oMHyTbcsi, wake up to reality npiIHTH B CefiH 2. nOHHTb, 0C03H3Tb raw meat/fish; fishy smell x i n g 3aTx^bifl; a y p H o n a x HyiUHH stench H x i n g c h o u BOHibqHH interest, tastes ? f U L x i n g w e i r a y p H o i i 3a-

nax 1. prosperous, brisk, booming 2. lofty, eminent, glorious 3. abundant, ample 4. generous and kind 5. rumbling grand, solemn, ceremonious

: l o n g 1. meflpbiii; ofiHJibHbifi; n p o u B e T a i o m H H 2. B03BblUiaTbCfl; BblCOKHH 1 | l o n g z h o n g BejiHiecTBeHHblft; TOp>«eCTBeHHblH JB longqi no^HHMaTbcn, B3AbI M aTbCH ; c h u i BHceTb; CBeuiHBaTbCH; BepTHKajIbHblH J chuizhi BepTHKajlbHblH, OTBeCHblH chuiwei cMep-rejibno onacHbifi I shui cnaTb; coh i f shuizhao 3acHyTb; bo CHe s h u l j i a o cnaTb ! c h u i MOJIOT c h u i l i a n KOBaTb I j i n 1. OCTOpOJKHblH, OCMOT-

to swell, bulge 1. to hang down, let fall 2. to hand down 3. to approach 4. to condescend perpendicular, vertical to be critically ill to sleep to fall asleep to go to bed, to sleep 1. hammer 2. mace 3. weight 4. to shape to hammer into shape, forge; polish 1. careful, cautious, circumspect 2. so-

29

R

EL

1 PHTeJIbHblft, BHHMaTe^bHblfl 2. nOMTHTejlbHblft i l f 1 jinyân 1. OCTOPÔJKHO 2. CTpôro jinshèn BHHMâTeflbHo; OCTOpÔHÎHO

M

11 1. j i h (uepa dAUHbi, paonan 0,5 KM) 2. noAK/iâ.nKa 3. nocAe/ioe BHyTpri, B; g j • S M B nopTt})é/ie 4. cytp. Hapewû Mecra u gpeMenu: S C J ! TaM; ^ S HÔ'IbKD

— g

l i c h é n g paccTOHHHe lichéngbêi BepcTOBÔft CTO/IÔ; B é x a l i m i a n BHyipri, B l i z noAKJiâflKa Utôu(biân) BHyTpri, B M m a i 33 pbITb B 3éMJIK>, 3aKonâTb; noxopoHHTb — p m â i z à n g xopoHHTb m â i t ô u yfiTH c r o j i o B Ô i i (a KaKoe-A. sanxTue) m â i f u ycTpÔHTb 3 a c â a y ; 3acâAa S lï 1. npiÎHUHn; 33KÔH; Te6pH3 2. MOTHB, AÔBOfl 3. npHBOflHTb B nopS^OK 4. ynpaB.THTb, B e c u i AeJiâ 5. pauHOHâ^bHbifl, pa3yMHblH l i x i n g paccyAOK; p â 3 y M , HHTG^IJléKT — g? l i z h i p â 3 y M , HHTeji^éKT liyôu npHiHHa; apryNléHT l i j i ë noHSÎTb, p a 3 o 6 p â r b CH Hshi ynpaBjiflTb flejiâ.MH lishihui npaBJiéHHe; COBéï I if à CTpHMbCH; flé^aTb npHMëcKy

i

ï

^

Ê

I

lemnly, sincerely precise, cogent cautious, circumspect 1. lining, inside 2. neighborhood 3. hometown, native place 4. Ch. mile: 1/2 km, 1/3 mile 5. internal, interior, inside 6. suf. for place

1. mileage 2. course (of development) milestone inside, interior lining inside, interior to bury to bury to immerse oneself up to one's ears in to hide, lie low; to ambush 1. texture/grain 2. reason, logic, truth 3. natural science 4. law, principle, theory 5. to manage, run 6. to put in order, tidy up 7. to take notice, acknowledge 8. to administer, govern, operate reason reason, intellect reason, grounds, argument to understand, comprehend council member; director council; board of directors haircut, hairdressing

30

I

1

M

2

i H k S S f i a i S f i l M J S S & i l i L

napHKMàS ^ t g lifàguàn xepcnan ~ V 6 l i l ù n TeópHH; y M é m i e — v é l e l i l ù n j i à TeopéTHK l i x i à n g 1. n a e a n 2. m n ó Te3a, n p e a n o ^ o w é H H e lihui noHHTb, pa3o6pàTbCSI

I l l i M U D (aMMiucKaa, nan 1,609 KM) ¡ 8 c h à n ofiMàTbiBaTb;

paenepe-

BH3blBaTb

ft

liàng MépHTb, H3MepaTb; B3BéuiHBaTb ~ l i à n g 1. M é p a ; Bec; ofi-béM; pa3Mép 2. KOJiiiqecTBO liàngjù H3MepHTe^bHbie npwóópbi s . t ó n g pefiéHOK; n o a p ó c r o K ; WMblH tónggóng 1. AéTCKHiì T p y a 2. pa6óiHH-n0,npócT0K t ó n g h u à AéTCKHe pacCKa3bl;

barbershop; hairdresser theory theoretician, theorist ideal, ideal (attr.) 1. to understand, comprehend 2. to take notice of, pay attention to statute/British mile (=1.6 km) 1. to wind, twine 2. to tangle, tie up 3. to pester to measure 1. capacity 2. quantity, amount, volume 3. to estimate, measure measuring tool boy servant 1. child laborer 2. child labor children's stories, fairy tales

CKa3KH

— ^ • t ó n g n i à n ^ércKHe

rÓAbi;

childhood

ÓTpOieCTBO

Ì É z h u à n g 1. yaapHTb, ó m b ; CTywàTb 2. TOflKHyTb; CTOJTKHyTbcn z h u à n g d à o onpoKHHyTb, nepeBepnyTb ~9izhuàngpiàn oÓMaHyTb S z h ò n g 1. T i i w e c T b ; bec; THHièJIblH 2. npHJiaBàTb 3H3MÉHHe; UeHHTb 3. Ba>KHbIH — c h ó n g noBTopsiTb; CHÓBa, OnÓTb,

BHOBb

— l i l i z h ò n g g ó n g y è TH>KèJIan npoMbim^eHHOCTb ~ i l z h ò n g l i à n g Bec c h ó n g x i n c H Ó s a , BHOBb; B0306H0BHTb;

~~fì z h ò n g l ì CH/la

nepe=;

TJÌJKecTb;

1. to run into, strike, collide 2. to meet by chance 3. to rush, dash 4. to dupe 1. to overturn, overthrow, overrun 2. to turn over to swindle 1. weight 2. heavy, weighty, important 3. serious, solemn 4. to lay stress on, attach importance to to repeat, duplicate; again, once more; (suf.) -fold; (M. for layers) heavy industry weight again, anew, afresh

bo3=

tpu3.

gravity, gravitational force

THÌKCCTH

31

F I

1

fliSM^Ig2 zhôngdà

3HamiTe^bHbift,

portant

BâjKHblH ~ l ï

ih

great, weighty, significant, major, im-

chongfù

noBTopHTb;

to repeat, duplicate; repetition

Ayô^ripoBaTb ~Î51

zhongshi

cepbë3Hoe

npHflaBâTb

3HaqéHHe;

to attach importance to, take sth.

ue-

seriously, value

HHTb ~i[> zhôngxîn

ueHTp

— ^

Ba>KHbiH

CTH

zhôngdiàn

ctok; nepeH. cth;

cyTb,

TÂwe-

ueHTp

yiâ-

1. (phys.) center of gravity 2. heart, core, focus focal point, stress, e m p h a s i s

TH>Ke-

cymHocTb

zhôngyào

BéiKHbiH,

3Ha-

important, significant, major

MHTeJlbHblH '0E d ô n g ifc z h i

noHHTb,

1.

to understand, know

yacHHTb

OCTaHâBJIHBaTb(CH);

npeKpaiuâTb(ca)

2.

1. to stop, halt, arrive at 2. to suppress, prohibit 3. to stay; to detain

biuiio-

4. only, merely 5. demeanor, bearing

MHTeJlbHO 3. TÔ/IbKO z h i t ô n g ycnoKÔHTb 6oJib;

to relieve/stop pain

60JieyT0.HHKUUHH — # zhibù — 81 z h i k ë

OCTaHOBHTbCH yTOJiHTb » a w a y

zhijîng th

zhi

npeflé^,

KOHéu

MecTonojio>KéHHe;

àa-

to halt, stop, go no farther to quench thirst end, limit location, site

pec ïit

yHHiKéHHe;

shame, disgrace, humiliation

c h ï r ù CM. l i t chë 1. TaïUHTb, THHyTb 2. p B a r b (ôyMaey) 3. n y c T O -

shame, disgrace, humiliation

chî

nosôp;

CTbI/t ili

1. to pull, tear 2. to buy (cloth) 3. chat, gossip

C/IÔBHTb — y® c h ë h u â n g ife q i

TâTbcn;

qiyè ~-gJ qitû ceji;

BpaTb

to tell a lie

nw-

1. to stand on tiptoe 2. to expect sth.

we-

to hope, look forward to; hope

anxiously, look forward to

nontJTKa

~ S qîwàng /iaTb

IE

jiraTb,

npeAnpHHHMéîb; HaaéHTbcn;

npeanpHHTHe HaMépeHHe;

enterprise, business saMbi-

to attempt, s c h e m e

noribiTKa

zhèng

1. H c n p a B J i H T b ;

yno-

1. straight, upright 2. central 3. exact,

p H A O M H B a T b 2. T i p a B H J l b H b l H ,

due 4. obverse, rector, right 5. pure,

TÔWHblH 3. HCTHHHblH, H a C T O -

unmixed (of flavors/etc.) 6. correct, or-

fliUHfi

thodox 7. main 8. positive 9. honest

4.

cnpaBe;yiHBbiH

5. KaK pé3; tômho

10. to rectify 11. precisely, punctually

32

2

i h l k E S f i S l M l U f f i S S j f i i

l E l E z h e n g z a i KaK p a s B; b npouecce ~ M z h e n g l i 0CH0BHbie npiiHUHnu zhengdang HopMa^bHblfl, npaBH.nbHblH — ® zhengmian jiHueBaa cTOpoHa; ( f i a c a i i ; aH(})ac — ¿F z h e n g w u noJifleHb — i i z h e n g m e n r j r a B H b i i i bxo.h — zhengque toihmh, aoCTOBCpHblH —'Si z h e n g c h a n g oGumhuh, HOpMaJIbHblH zhengchanghua HopM3JlH3aUHH — J j zhengfang KBaapaT; KBaApaTHblft z h e n g d a cnpaBeAJiHBbiii; MeCTHblH z h e n g p a i qecTHbifl, n o pHflOMHblH z h e n g s h i KaK pa3, HMenHO — X zhengyi cnpaBe^JiHBOCTb; c n p a B e ; u i H B b m — S i zhengshi ot))nunaJibHbiH — j®, z h e n g g u i HopMaJibHbm; pery^HpHbifl z h e n g - f u n ^ r o c h MHHyc ¡¡¡E z h e n g 1. n o K o p a T b ; ycMHp H T b 2. C o 6 n p a T b

3. npnsbiBaTb

(a

(HOAOZu)

apMuio);

B e p 6 o B a T b 4. n o x o a — z h e n g j i npHSbiBaTb (a apMuio); BepCoBaTb; npH3hIB zhengfu aaBoeBbiBaTb; nOKOpHTb —T§i z h e n g s h u i B3HMaTb HajiorH — ^ z h e n g b i n g npH3biBan> (e apMuio); Bep6oBaTb c o j i f l a r i E z h e n g 1. AOKa3atejibCTBo,

3

» t : I

to be in the process/course of correct principle/reason/argument/ procedure proper, legitimate 1. obverse/right side 2. front, facade 3. positive 4. directly, openly high noon main entrance correct, right, proper normal, regular normalization square upright, honest upright, honest, decent to be exactly/precisely justice formal (of actions/speeches/etc.) regular, standard 1. plus-minus 2. positive and negative 1. to go on a journey 2. to start a campaign 3. to levy taxes/etc. 4. to take, seize, demand 5. evidence, proof, sign 1. to collect 2. to draft, call up, recruit to conquer, subjugate to levy/collect taxes to draft, call up 1. to prove, testify, demonstrate; evi-

33

B SE fiE SE

1

2

CBHÄeie.nbCTBO,

ÄeHHe

2.

i t

dence, proof, testimony 2. certificate, card, credentials

nOÄTBep)K-

yAOCTOBepeHtie,

AOKYMEHT

iiEfe 1

zhengjü ÄOKaaäTe.ibCTBO, CBHAeTe^bCTBo; y^HKa — ö/j z h e n g m i n g aoKaabiBaTb; CBHÄeTe.TbCTBOBaTb, yj.o-

evidence, testimony, proof 1. to prove, testify, bear out 2. certificate, identification, testimonial, proof

CTOBepHTb

— 0,^45 z h e n g m i n g s h ü yüoCTOBepeime, cBHÄCTejibCTBO — sg z h e n g s h i ÄOKäsbiBaTb, noÄTBepxKeHHe 2. M6CTO; n o d gr la 1. THHyTb, TamiiTb 2. THiiyTb 3a CO6OH, yBJieKaTb ~ J f lakai 1. pa3iiBHHyTb(cn) 2. OTTaiUHTb — 7" l a d i n g jia-rbiHb; JI3THH-

i H k S S B f t E

1. to pull, draw, drag 2. to haul 3. to move (troops) 4. to drag out 5. to help 6. to implicate 7. to win over 1. to pull open 2. to draw back 3. to space out Latin

CKHH

i© la 3M(pa.TunecK.an nacTutia (e KOHife npedAooKenuu) f i li 3epHbiuiKo, KpynHHKa Shu BOAPy>KaTb; CTaBHTb npHMO; npflMoft; OTBecHbift 3. dou 6o6bi; ropox; (})ac6.nb, con;

2

(particle at end of sentence indicating excitement/doubt) //grain-like) 1. grain, granule, pellet 2. (M. for sth .11 to set upright, erect, stand ; vertical, upright legumes, beans, peas, pulses

6O66BMH

douyou 6o6oBoe uacjio doufu coeBbifi TBopor; 6o6oBbIH

soybean oil beancurd, tofu

Cbip

duan 1. KOPOTKHH 2. ne xBaiaTb, HeaocTaBaTb 3. HeaocTaTOK, nopoK duanping 3aMeTKa; OMepK duanku TpycHKH; uiopTbl ~{tg duanqi KpaTKOcpoMHbifl duanpian xiaoshud paccKa3 — duanbd KOPOTKOBOJIHOBblH duanchu HeAOcraTOK; OTpHUaTe^bHbie CTOpOHbl Jg dou ocna g d e n g 1. riOAHHMaTbCH HaBepx, BOCXOilHTb 2. perncTM

pripoBaTb BaTb

3.

short commentary, brief comment shorts short time short story short wave shortcoming 1. smallpox 2. smallpox pustule 1. to ascend, climb, mount 2. to publish, record 3. harvest 4. pedal 5. to step on

0ny6^HK0Bbi-

denglii Bbica>KHBaTbCfl (na 6epee); aecaHT dengchang 1. noflHHTbca Ha cueHy 2. noHBHTbcn Ha nojiHTHMecKoft apeiie 3. n o c t y n H T b

1. short, brief 2. to lack, owe 3. weak point

Ha

to land, disembark 1. to be taken to the threshing ground 2. to come on stage

PUHOK

38

2

3 afeùKtttglassai

g í g déngbào onyfi/iHKOBáib B npécce — d è n g z à i r i a n e i á T a T b , no-

MCCTHTb (a

— Ì3 dèngjì

1. to publish in a newspaper 2. to make an announcement in the newspaper to publish (in a periodical)

npecce) 3anHcaTb;

3ape-

to register, check in

CMOT-

to stare at, open (one's eyes) wide, glare at 1. to stare 2. to stare down, glower

rHCTpiipOBaTb

H

dèng npiicTa/ibHO péTb, y c T á B H T b c a

~ i S d è n g y à n nHJiHTb rnasá, yCTáBHTbCS) H c h é n g aneJibCHH c h é n g cBéTJibm; np03pá>iHblft, mÌCTbli) ~ d è n g (jjH^bTpOBáTb; OTCTádèngqing

(Hanp.

ÍS.

qié

Body)

I . e m é , B c é e m è 2 . HJIH

z ü 1. O p r a H H 3 Ó B b I B a T b ,

06-

2. r p y n n a ; 3BGHÓ*, 6 p n r á f l a z ü h é I. o6T>eAHHHTb, o p raHH3ÓBbiBaTb 2. apTé;ib; TOBápHUieCTBO zùchéng cocTaBJiHTb; 4>OpMHpOBáTb zùchéng bùfen coC T a B H á a qacTb, K O M n o n é i i T z ú z h i 0praHH30BáTb; opraHH3ámifl züzhíxing opraHH3Ózü

npéAOK;

1. moreover, still, further 2. while, as; both...and... section, group

C03aaBÓTb

BaHHOCTb

fi

to settle, become clear (of liquids)

oiHináTb

HKHBaTb; M e u i á T b ; n p e r p á f l a , npenÁTCTBHe

1. homeland, native land 2. China (used only by Chinese) (paternal) grandmother (paternal) grandfather ancestors, forebears to prevent, obstruct, stop, detain, proscribe

39

R

EL

1

2

zulan(dang) r p a w A a T b ; MemaTb —i t zuzhi KpaTHTb

0CTaH0BHTb,

to stop, obstruct

npe-

to prevent, stop, prohibit

~5KHO, CAe-

AyeT ¡1 zhi 1. BblnpHMAHTb; n p f l moh 2. qecTHbift; cnpaBeAJiHBblft 3. » a n p H M H K 4. T6jIbKO, Bcero JIHUJb

zhijing zhiyi BOA

AnaMeTp

AOCAOBHbifl

nepe-

(coll.) rent, rental 1. (elder) sister 2. young woman elder sister 1. sisters 2. brothers and sisters, siblings 1. right, suitable 2. a matter

1. straight 2. vertical 3. just, righteous, honest 4. frank, forthright 5. stiff, numb 6. to straighten 7. directly, straight, continuously, simply, just diameter to translate literally

40

2

3

i ^ f ^ l

zhishengjl'

zhidao ~|i|

B i u i O T b AO

zhishu

Hoe

helicopter, chopper 1. until 2. up to to be directly subordinate to

HenocpeacTBeH-

noa>iHHeHHe zhishuang

—®

m t i ^ m ^ n m ^ m m m m

BepTOJieT

oTKpoBeHHbifi

zhijue

HHTyHUHH

zhijie

npHM6ft,

candid, forthright 1. conscious 2. perception

Heno-

direct, intermediate

CTOH-

1. to be worth 2. to happen 3. to be on

CpeACTBeHHblH {t

zhi

1. C T O H T B ;

UEIIA;

MOCTb 2 . a e w y p H T b ;

duty, take one's turn at sth. 4. value,

aexyp-

price

CTBO —gE z h i b a n HTb Ha ~ 0

BaxTe

zhiri

HHH;

CTO-

Ae>KypnTb;

aewypHTb;

Aewyp-

BaxTa

zhide

CTOHTb,

sacjiy>KH-

BaTb zhi

1.

AaBaTb

noTOMCTBO,

pa3MH0>KaTbCfl

2.

KOJIOHH-

3HpOB3Tb, 3aceAHTb zhimfnzhuyl

KOJIO-

to be on duty to be on duty for the day to merit, deserve, be worth; merit to breed, multiply colonialism

HH3J1H3M zhi

—%

BbipamHBaTb;

zhiwu

colony

KOA6HHH

—SITFE z h i m i n d l ^

cawaTb

paCTHTejIbHOCTb,

1. to plant, grow 2. to set up, establish plant; flora

pacTeHHfl zhiwuxui g

zhi

1.

BHTb

2.

6oT5HHKa

noJio>KHTb;

MOHTiipoBaTb;

TaHaBJIHBaTb

z h i b e i 3AR0T0BHTB

BnpoK

3aKynaTb

gai

1. K p u u i K a ;

(KpblUlKOH) (dOM); 3.

OCHOBblnoKy-

naTb,

2. KpblTb

npHKAaAbiBaTb

—iji gaizhang H3Tb

1. to place, put 2. to set up, Install 3. to buy

yc-

4.

yipe>KAaTb

— § i£

3.

BaTb,

botany

nocra-

to purchase (equipment/etc.) 1. to cover, seal, affix seal 2. to sur-

HaKpbiBaTb

pass, top, prevail over 3. to build,

CTpOHTb

construct 4. about, around

(KpblUiy) (nenan)

nocTaBHTb

ne-

~=?()L) &aizi(r) KpbiuiKa •£H h e K o p o f i K a ; m K a T y j i K a U wen 1. T e n j i b i i i ; TeriAOTa 2. r p e r b , c o r p e B § T b , H a r p e B a T b 3. A a C K O B b l f t ; Aofipbifl

to stamp, affix seal //tortoise/etc.) 1. lid, cover, cap, top 2. shell (of // box, case 1. warm, mild (of temperament) 2. to warm up 3. to review

41

R

1

2

w e n s h i o p a H w e p e n , TenJiriua w e n d a i yMepeHHbifi n o n e wenquan ropHiHii HC-

hothouse, greenhouse temperate zone hot spring

TOMHHK

w e n n u S n TeriJio; TerMbifi w e n d u TeiwnepaTypa ~ l £ i + w e n d u j i TepMOMeTp & y a n ccvib; cojieHbifi — EH yantian cojiHHbie nojiH (pa3pa6oTKn) — M i y a n c h a n g co-naHbie n p o MblCJIbl IE j i a n I . Ha,n3HpaTb, HaS-nioAaTb, KOHTpOJIHpOBaTb 2. ca>KaTb B T i o p b M y ; T i o p b M a ~ 1 f j i a n d u CM. Jg 1 —$lj j i a n z h i cHcreMa KOHTp o j i a (na npou38odcT3e) j i a n y i i TiopbMa jianfan aaKJUoieHHufi, apecTaHT

warm temperature thermograph salt

—

to keep a watch on, keep a lookout over

j i a n s h l Ha6.nio.naTb, CMOTpeTb 3a — j i a n c h a KOHTpojiiipoBaTb; HHCneKTHpOBaTb Ian C H H H H

(g Ian Kop3HHa l a n q i u 6acKeT6oji meng 1. c T a p u m f t , nepBbifi (o 6paTbHX, cecrpax) 2. r p y f i b i f t , iieoTecaHHbiii Si meng

1. JKGCTOKHH,

CBH-

penbivi 2. OTBawHbift, x p a 6 pbift 3. BHe3anH0 mengshou XHUIHWH 3Bepb, XIII1IHHK menglie apocTHbiii; OJKeCTOMeHHblH mengran BHe3ariHo, HeoHomaHHo M meng COK>3; 6JIOK; j i r i r a mengguo cTpaHa-coib3HHK

saltfield, salina saltworks, saltern 1. prison, jail 2. inspector, supervisor 3. to supervise, watch, inspect //supervisor to supervise, superintend, control;// to supervise the manufacture of prison, jail prison convict

to supervise, control 1. blue 2. indigo plant 1. basket 2. basketball goal/basket basketball 1. the first month of a season 2. eldest brothers 1. fierce, valiant 2. fearsome, severe 3. suddenly, abruptly beast of prey fierce, vigorous suddenly, abruptly 1. alliance, pact 2. (mongol) league allied country, ally

42

2

asjgifa

3

a i t r K t t ^ i a g ^ a u a a M t & g j ^

m e n g y u e .noroBop o c o -

oath/treaty of alliance

róse m é n g y u á n mjigh coiÓ3a (éjiÓKa) jg; p á n 1. T a p é j i K a ; ójiióao 2. c o á a b i B a T b ; CBépTbiBaTb 3. B p a m á T b c a 4. c n n p á ^ b pánchá pacc^éAOBarb; paccMáTpHBaTb; ocMáTpn-

league/bloc member 1. tray, plate, dish 2. current price 3. game, set 4. to coil, wind, twist 5. to build (stove, etc.) 6. to examine, check to interrogate and examine

B3Tb

p á n j ü 3axBaTHTb; yKpenHTbCfl; 060CH0BáTbCfl — K pánsuan BbicmÍTbiBaTb, BbIMHCJIJÍTb ~ f ! ) p á n b ó ofíHpáTb; b h m o ráTb pánz Tapé^Ka; Cjiióao ~|H] pánwén .nonpáuiHBaTb; Aonpóc ~ ) L p á n r CM. g ; p é n Ta3 ~ 1 ¡ í p é n t á n g 6á«n J g y í n g 1. n p e B b i m á T b 2. H3jiHiueK; npnfibi.ib — 5p(J y í n g l i nprifibiJib y ' n g y ú H3JiHiiieK SS d á o r p á f i H T b ; r p a Ó H T e j i b ; ÓaHflHT

d á o q i e rpáÓHTb; pacxHmáTb d á O q Ü O r p á 6 H T b , OTHHTb c h j i o h ; rpa6é>K 2£ y i 1. n ó ^ b 3 a , B b i r o f l a ; n o ,lé3HblH 2. yBe.THIHBaTb yichü nó^b3a, BÚroixa; npeHMymecTBO a i 1. y m é j i b e ; y3KHH n p o XÓfl 2. y3KHÜ; CTeCHeHHblH — O á i k ó u CM. S 1 á i l ü fl.ecj5H/ié; y 3 K a n r ó p Haa flopóra s h é n g npouBeTaTb; UBeiy1UHH; OfiH.TbHblft; B6JIHK0JlélIHblH

to occupy forcibly/illegally; to be entrenched to calculate, figure, plan to practice usury tray, plate, dish to cross-examine, interrogate tray, plate, dish basin, tub, pot bathtub cubicle 1. to be full of, be filled with 2. to have a surplus of to make a profit/gain; profit, gain surplus; profit to steal, rob, misappropriate to steal to steal, take unlawfully benefit, good, advantage benefit, profit, good 1. narrow 2. a narrow pass (mountain) pass narrow passage, defile 1. prosperous 2. vigorous, energetic 3. magnificent, grand 4. abundant, plentiful 5. popular 6. greatly, deeply

43

R

1 gg

M

2

j J h l k S S f l i :

H3nojiHHTbj

chéng

M

I

'

S

¡ S S

S i t o

3

1. to fill, ladle 2. to hold, contain

bmë-

mâTb —:g

shèngming

WHpÓKaa

great reputation

H3-

BGCTHOCTb; CJlaBa ~ f j

shèngxing

pÓKoe

HMéTb

to be current, be in vogue

uih-

pacnpocTpaHéHHe;

niHpoKÓ

pacnpocTpaHëHHbift

shèngdà

grand, magnificent

rpaHAHÓ3HbiH,

B6JIHMGCTB6HHbIH

shèngkuàng

grand occasion, spectacular event

pacuBéT;

npouBeTâHHe ~JSi

TopwecTBÓ,

shèngdiàn

TopjKécTBeHHan shèngyàn

ëM

nbiuiHbifl

grand banquet, sumptuous dinner

npH-

(Sauner)

jfa xuè 2.

grand ceremony

uepeMÓHHH

1.

KpOBb;

KpÓBHOe

KpÓB-

HblH — g x u è y â KpoBHHÓe HHe xuèguôn

1. blood 2. related by blood

KpOBâBblfl

pOACTBÓ;

AaBJié-

blood pressure blood vessel

KpoBeHÓcHbie

cocyAbi ~§g

xuè'àn

murder case 1. blood vessels 2. blood relationship

yÔHHCTBO

— gfjc x u è m à i

1.

ny;n>c;

cocyflbi

BeHÓCHbie

2.

Kpop0A0-

CJIÓBHaH —SS xuèzhàn

KpoBonpoJiHT-

bloody/sanguinary battle

Hbie 6OH Ml

xù

1. w a / i é T b ;

BaTb,

MOrâTb,

1. to pity, sympathize 2. to give relief, compensate

co6ojié3no-

co'iyBCTBOBaTb OKâ3bIBaTb

2.

no-

nÓMOIUb

(noimépwKy) xùjin ÉS jì

néHCHH

1.

npojioJi>KéTb(cH) ;

c^é^oBaTb 2.

ÓbITb

AojiwaTb ~{£

jirèn

3a;

Bcnea

npeéMHHKOM,

(Hbë-A. CbiTb

de.io) npeéMHHKOM

(no dOAMHOCTu) —ÀJ j,rr|û Mâiexa jixù npoflo^jKaTb; AOJiwéHHe jichéng

CM.

jichéngzhe

3a npo-

pension; relief payment 1. to continue, succeed, follow 2. then, afterwards 3. step- (e.g., stepfather)

npo-

1 Hac;iéA-

to succeed sb. in a post stepmother to continue, go on to inherit, carry on heir, successor, continuer

44

»

B

3 hhk; npeeMHHK, npoAOJiwaTejlb — 5 i j ' f " OT1HM t w a n g 1. rHfiHyTb; vmhpaTb; rrifiejib 2. 6e>KaTb; 6ercTBO w a n g m i n g 6enKHbIH 2. HeHCHblH, HenoHSlTHblH m a n g r a n HencHO, HenoHHTHO m a n g 1. oerpHe 2. ocrb — mangxie cojioMeHHbie caHfla^HH E pi 1- napa; qeTa 2. uiTyna (TKCIHU)

3.

ci.

CA.

DAN

AO-

uiadeu 96 shen o^eHb, Hepeciyp — H shenzhi a a w e ; Bnjiorb no •¡C hui I. nepeBOflHTb AeHbrn (no nonre); nepeBOfl (deHeOKHblu) 2. CJlHBaTbCH (0 peKax) 3. c o 6 n p a T b ( c R ) — -a huihe cJiHBaTbcs (o peKax) huikudn nepeBOflHTb fleHbrH (no nonre); nepeboji (deneotcHbiu) huibao cBOAKa kiiang paMa; onpaBa IE j i a n g MacTep; peMec.rceHhhk; cy(p. cnei^uaAbHOCTeu — A jiangren peMec/ieHHHK [E xia uiKaTy^Ka; HUiHieK

stepfather 1. to flee 2. to lose 3. to die 4. to destroy 5. deceased 1. to flee, seek refuge, go into exile 2. to be desperate 1. to hurry, hasten, make haste 2. busy, fully occupied to be busy, bustle about slapdash 1. boundless and indistinct 2. ignorant, in the dark ignorant, in the dark //sharp point 1. beard/awn of wheat 2. spike,// straw sandals 1. to match 2. companion, mate 3. pair 4. female and male 5. equal 6. lone 7. common 8. (M. for horses, mules, etc.) 1. very, extremely 2. more than 3. what even (to the point of), so much so that 1. to converge; to gather together 2. to remit 3. collection, assemblage, things collected to join, meet, converge, assemble; confluence, fusion to remit money; remittance to report, give an account of frame, case (suf.) craftsman, artisan artisan, craftsman //candy, etc 1. small box/case; casket 2. (M. for//

45

F 1

2 H

3

f e i I . fiaHAHTbi; pa366flHHKH; 6POAARH

a t t r g

1. bandit, brigand, robber 2. not

2. HenyreBbiii,

aypHoft f e i b a n g mafiKa, 6aHAa f e i t u CM. | i 1 IS yi MejjHUHHa; B p a i yisheng B p a i , AOKTOP ~(ci(fT) yizhi(HSo) JleMHTbl jie'ieHHe — ^ y i x u e MeAHUHHa —yn? y i s h i CM. y i y a o jieKapcTBO ~ B§ y i y u a n 6 o J i b H H u a ; r o c nHTaJib 12 qu 1. paiioH; oKpyr 2. KJiaccmjjHuripoBaTb, pacnpe.ae.nHTb no rpynnaM ~G!L q u b i e p a 3 ^ H q a T b ; pa3H H U a , OTJ1HMH6

— jjij q u h u a pa36nTb Ha yqaCTKH, pa3TpaHHMHTb q u f e n pa3JiHMaTb; pai-

bandit gang gangster, bandit 1. physician, doctor 2. medicine 3.W physician, doctor Wto treat, cure to cure, treat, heal medical science, medicine physician medicine (for treatment) hospital 1. region, area 2. district 3. cottage 4. to discriminate, classify, subdivide 5. unimportant, little to distinguish, differentiate; distinction, difference to divide into districts to differentiate, set apart

RPAHHHHBATB

q u y u paiioH; o n p y r ; y i a CTOK Pg 6 u , 6 u pBOTa; pBaTb ~ 8 t o u t u TOlllHHTb; PBaTb JG kou KOBbipHTb; CKo6.1HTb koushang pacKOBbipHTb | g qu T e j i o ; Kopnyc, TyjiOBHme — ^ f q u g a n TeJio; T o p e q u t i rejio; Kopnyc (nanp. Kopa6An) qu 1. ruaTb, noroHHTb 2. H3rOHHTb, n p o r o H H T b 3. TOponHTbCfl — q u s h i (qian) KOMaHAHpOBaTb, nOCblJiaTb ~M quzhii npecJie/ioBaTb; H3rOHHTb q u c h t i H3roHsiTb, BbiroHHTb ® shu 1. ocb; CTepjKenb

region, zone, district to vomit to vomit 1. to dig/carve out 2. to delve intoW to pick/scratch open \\3. stingy the (human) body/torso/trunk trunk, torso body, carcass 1. to drive (horse/car/etc.) 2. to expel 3. to simulate to prompt, urge, spur on to expel, get rid of to drive out, eliminate pivot, hub, center

46

3

4 n 2. KÓpeHb, OCHÓBa 3. OCHOBHÓH,

KapflMHa/IbHblH;

p AS

(J)yH-

flaMeHTa.lbHblft ®IH —

shùniù ffloB

ocb;

dép>KeHb

shuniùbù

y3JioBÓfi

nyHKT, y 3 e j i j ù OrpÓMHblH, KO/IOCCà^bHblH ~ G Y j ù x i n g rHràHTCKHft; THg

pivot, center junction, central point

m

gigantic (in size)

ut

E

ràm jùrén

RHRAHT,

j ù d à CM.

BGJIHK3H

g

Sg jÙ OTCTOHTb; paCCTOHHHe; OTAa;ieHHWH OT — ^ j Ù l i paCCTOHHHe, flHCTailUHfl gì

jù

1.

OTpawàTb

Cnanade-

Hue): npOTHBOCTOHTb 2. yK^OHHTbCH; OTKà3bIBaTbCa jùjué OTKa3àTbCfl, OTBéprHyTb jEg j u I . yrÓJibHHK 2 . n p a B H j i o , HÓpMa —Jg jùxing npsiMoyró^bHHK ¡(E g u i 1. uiKacj); ceft(|> 2. n p H JlàBOK ¡ 5 c h é n MHHÓBHHK, CaHÓBHHK; MHHHCTp •(tì: shì 1. MHp; MHpOBÓH 2. a n ó x a ; Bei< 3. noKo.iénne 4.

giant, colossus (person) huge, gigantic 1. to be apart/away from 2. to oppose 3. distance 4. huge 5. spur to be apart/away from; distance 1. to relinquish, abandon 2. to contribute, subscribe 3. tax to refuse, reject, decline 1. carpenter's square, square 2. rules, regulations rectangle cupboard, cabinet 1. subject 2. (humble) I 1. generation 2. life, lifetime 3. age, epoch 4. world

COBpeMéHHblfl shìjiè

MHp; MHpOBÓH

shìjièguàn

MHPOBOS-

world world view

3péHiie

pa3tvia-

1. generation 2. epoch, period 3. from generation to generation century 1. to let out, discharge, release 2. to leak (e.g., news) 3. to give vent to to leak, divulge

CHTb, B Ù A a T b (raÙHy) — •^(15) xièqì(fèn) H3JiHTb T H e B ; COpBaTb 3 / 1 0 Ss n u è M a j i a p H H

1. to lose heart 2. disappointing, frustrating malaria

—ft

s h ì d à i 1. a n ó x a 2. n 0 K 0 -

fléHHe — i g S h ì j l CTOJléTHe, BGK ffi xiè 1. n p o T e K à T b ; n p o c à m i BaTbcn 2. p a 3 r \ n a m à T b ~ f ? ( K )

xièlù(lòu)

SB

huge, gigantic

47

m m

2

3

» t K t t « 0

=

malaria, ague malarial mosquito

^PgE n i i e j i Ma-napHH n i i e w e n Ma-nnpiiHHbiH KOMap £8 n i i e HCTfi3aTb; jKecTOKHii, 6ec4e^OBemibifi n i i e d a i jKecTOKO o 6 p a m a T b C i l ; HCTa3aTb, MyHHTb n i i e z h e n g THpaHHH; a e c -

cruel, tyrannical to maltreat, tyrannize, abuse tyrannical government, tyranny

nOTH3M

0

gui

1.

B03BpamaTbCH 2. nepeiiTH K 3. 3aKOHHHTbCH g u i s u o 6 o 6 m a T b , pe3K)MHpOBaTb; 3aKJI10 K H T b — saodi noAMeTaTb no/i saochii I. BbiMecTH 2. JlHKBHAHpOBSTb j g f u w e H a ; w e m u H H a ; cHOxa - — f u k e rHHeKOJiOTHii funu >KGHLUHHbIJ JK§HCKHH g h u i I . M e i v i a ; B C H H K 2. K O Mera ~ M h u i x i n g KOMeTa g x u e 1. c u e r 2. o n p a B A a T b

to put together, sum up 1. to sweep 2. to sweep away, eliminate 3. to glance at 4. to paint (eyebrows) broom to eliminate illiteracy to strafe to clear away broom to mop up, destroy //reach a nadir (of repute) 1. to sweep; make a clean sweep 2. to// to clear away, wipe out; clean up 1. woman 2. married woman 3. wife (department of) gynecology women 1. broom 2. comet comet //miliation) 1. snow 2. to avenge; wipe out (a hu-//

48

fSitJSMWI&liii&ffi s i l t XUechi CMblTb n030p xuebai 6eJiocHe>KHbiH x u e b a n jibi>KH 3 d a n g 1. 6biTb; HBjisiTbCii; CTSHOBHTbCH 2. BbinOJIHHTb o 6 h 3 3 h h o c t h 3. c/ieAyeT, A0JUKH0 4. COOTBeTCTBOBaTb 5. k o h m h o , CesycjioBho 6. npedAoa B; Ha ~ 0 d a n g r i B Te AHH; B TOT w e fleHb d a n g m i a n b npwcyTCTu h h ; Ha r n a s a x v — ^ d a n g n i a n b Te roAbi; b tom roay — d a n g z h o n g cpeAH; nocpe^H, B cepeAHHe ~ f i ] d a n g q i a n npeflCTOHiUHii; fi^HwafimHH; OHepeAHOH, cjieayromHii •— [ft d a n g s h i b t o Bpeiusi, Tor,na ~ - J g d a n g j i i BjracTH; aAMHHHCTpaUHfl ~ ijb d a n g c h S n g 3Aecb >Ke, tia MecTe — i X d a n g q u a n CTOflTb y BJiaCTH d a n g z u o 1. c/iy>KHTb, paCoTaTb B KaqecTBe KOIO 2. cwHTaTb, no.naraTb — ft d a n g b i n g c.ny>KHTb b apwHH; 6biTb c o j i a S t o m dangxin ocTeperaTbcn, fiepeMbCH d a n g r a n k o h m h o , pa3vMeeTCfl, OHeBHAHO d a n g 3ac.noHHTb(cH), 3aropa>KHBaTb(c!i) dangzhu nperpa>KAaTb

fflliB 4 to avenge an insult/humiliation snow-white; snowy white skis 1. to undertake, accept 2. to be equal 3. to be in sb.'s presence 4. to be just as 5. should

the same day, that very day face-to-face, in one's presence 1. that year, those years 2. bygone years 3. prime of life 1. in the middle/center 2. among 1. before/facing one 2. the present, here and now 1. at that time, then 2. right away, immediately (appropriate/concerned) authorities on the spot, then and there to hold power to consider/treat as to serve in the army to be careful, take care, look out 1. as it should be, only natural 2. without doubt, certainly, of course 1. to ward off, block 2. to get in the way of 3. screen, blind, fender 4. gear to block, impede, hinder, obstruct

nyTb

d a n g ' a n apxHB, apxi'iBiioe n e n o f f : w e i 1. CBa3HBaTb; coeAH-

file, record, dossier, archives //from damage 3. thinking 4. net 1. to join, connect 2. to maintain, save//

49

B

2

H . A I N J K £ 2 $ J F N

HHTb 2. o f i e p e r a T b ; c o x p a HflTb w é i s h è n g s ù BHTaMHHbi — wéichi noflflépwHBaTb w é i h ù 1. o ó e p e r à T b ; aalUHinàTb 2. yxà>KHBaTb (sa OKUeOTHbtMu); (rexHUKy)

i t dui 3.

1.

3

vitamin to keep, preserve to safeguard, defend, uphold

06CJiy>KHBaTb

2.

Hàcbinb

HARPOMOJKFLÀTB,

HABAJIH-

Kyqa

to pile/heap up; pile, heap

BaTb

~ Ì R d u i j i CBA/IHTB Harp0M03flHTb Pi

wéi

I.

JIHIIIb,

B

Kyqy,

TÓ/IbKO*

HO

1. to heap/pile up 2. (geogr.) accumulation only, alone

2. AJI^Ó!

w é i y l eaiÌHCTBeHHbifl w é i w ù MaTepHajlHCTHMGCKHH — wélwùzhùyì Maiepiia^H3M —ò wéixln HAea^HCTHwe-

—

CKHH

wéixìnzhùyì HfleaJIH3M 31 y à 1. npàBHJibHbifi, KJiaccHqeCKHH 2. HSHllIHblft, H3bÌCKaHHblH yàguàn npHB^eKàTe^bHblft; S^eràHTHblH tuì ràTb

TOJIKàTb 2 . (KaHdudarypy)

I.

KJIOHSTb;

BblABH3.

OTKa3bIBaTbCfl

HCC^éflOBaTb;

OT-

4.

flOHCKHBaTb-

only, sole materialistic materialism idealistic idealism 1. refined, elegant 2. (polite) your 3. acquaintance, friendship 4. very 5. usually, often refined, tasteful 1. to push 2. to cut (with clippers), pare 3. to infer, deduce, investigate 4. to decline, refuse, reject 5. to delay, postpone, put off

CH 5. CTpHHb MailIHHKOft (80AOCbl )

~ ± # l tultùji 6y^b^ó3ep t u i s u à n BbmHcjiiÌTb, p a c CmÌTblBaTb tuìz MaiIIHHKa fl/ISl CTpH5KKH BOJIÓC

~ S 8 t u i f à n t . CBéprHyTb 2. onpoKHHyTb, nepeBepHyTb ~ t u i x i à o c6biBàTb, p e a ^ H 30Bàtb;

bulldozer to calculate, reckon hair clippers; clippers 1. to overturn, topple 2. to repudiate, reverse to promote the sale of, peddle

CÓblT

50

3 mmmm^ib^mtatB j§r~ tuiguang pacnpocrpaHflTb(CH) ; BHeapHTb t u i d o n g 1. npHBecTH u ABHweHHe 2. CTHMy/iiipoBaTb — i s t u i c h i 3aaep>KHBaTb, 3aTHTHBaTb — t u i l u n flejiaTb bhbo^ (3aKJiKmeHHe) — j l tuixi&ng npeAnojiararb I f d i a o Bbipe3aTb; rpaBnpoBaTb; BaflTb — d i a o s u cKyjibiiTypa — diaoke rpaBupoBaTb; r p a B i o p a ; pe3bfia 'ipg w e i 3acJiOHHTb; nojior; uiTopa — H w e i m u 3anaBecKa; no.'ior nan 3aTpyAHeHHe; TpyiiHblH, THMejlblH — n a n 6e/;cTBHe — If nankan HenpmviH,nHbm, HenpHBJieKaTe^bHbiii — nanting nenpHsiTHbift iMfl cjiyxa n a n g u a n TpyAHbifi MOMeHT n a n y o u TOBapmu no HecnacTbio n a n s h o u 1. TpyflHonepeHOCHMblH 2. THJKe^O, TOCKJIHBO — j l n a n d a o HeywejiH?, pa3Be? — jet n a n g u o THJKe^o (na cepdife); cH/ibHO nepewwBaTb n a n m i n 6e>KeHUbi nanmidn Hen3fie>KHo; HeH36e>KHblH n a n c h i HeBKycHbift; HCCbeaoOHblH tan 1. pa3BepHyTb; pac-

4 pst^^gfi

F

ta popularize, spread, extend to push forward, promote

to postpone, defer to infer; inference, deduction, corollary to imagine, guess, reckon to carve, engrave sculpture to carve, engrave bed-curtain heavy curtain 1. difficult, hard, troublesome 2. unpleasant 3. to make difficulties 1. calamity, adversity 2. to blame 1. ugly, unsightful 2. shameful, embarrassing 1. unpleasant to hear 2. offensive, coarse 3. scandalous difficulty, crisis fellow sufferer to feel unwell/unhappy/pained

really? do you really mean to say that? (questioning particle) 1. to have a hard time 2. to feel sorry/ sad/bad refugee hard to avoid unpalatable 1. to spread out, unfold 2. to contri-

51

m n

F I

2

S

A

I

^

&

^

&

I

F

K p t J T b 2 . p a 3 J i o ? K H T b 3.

R

3

dor's stall/stand 5. (M. for liquids)

npefleJiHTb t a n Mejib, ^

xiong puft, 3.

1. beach sands 2. shoal

oTMe^b

1. CHJIbHblH 2.

OTBaJKHbift;

xpa6-

1. powerful/influential person/state/

repoftcKiiii

etc. 2. male 3. grand, imposing 4.

1.

magnificent, majestic

caMeu

~ t t

powerful, mighty

xiongzhuang

Hbift,

A T T R G T I ^ A I F ^ T

bute, take share in 3. to befall 4. ven-

pac-

MoryMHH

BeHHbifi,

2.

ciMbMy>KecT-

xpa6pbiii

x i o n g h o u C H J l b H b l H , MOLU-

rich, solid, abundant

Hblfi

zhiin

I.

pa3pemaTb,

3BOJIHTb

2.

3. B COOTBGTCTBHH, 4.

HO

o6pa3eu;

5. TOMHblH, ~ilr

no-

zhunbei

roToBHTb(ca);

zhunque

plan

npa-

TOTOMH,

BHJlbHblH; MeTKHft s h u i 1. KTO?; n e i i ? ; KT6-JIH6O;

c orpuy.

Iff

zhui

S

gu

HHKTO;

noro? BCHKHH

to permit, allow norm, standard, criterion punctually accurate, exact, precise 1. (interrog.) who 2, someone, a n y o n e

HHQEIL

1. awl 2. (math) cone 3. to bore/drill\\

IUHJIO HaHHMaTbj

guyong

1. to prepare, get ready 2. to intend,

r0T0BH0CTb

BOBpeMH

3.

ance with 6. quasi-, para-

npaBHJio

z h u n x u CM. 1 ~BU zhunze HopMa — zhunshi cBoeBpeMGHHo,

2. TOT;

norm, criterion 3. accurate, exact 4. definitely, certainly 5. in accord-

COMSC-

npaBHJIbHblH

n0Ar0T0BKa;

ig

1. to allow, grant, permit 2. standard,

yTBep>KAaTb

HaeMHbiii

HaHHMaTb

to hire, employ (HA

Wwith an awl

to hire, employ

pa6ory) ~ g u n o n g ffi

CUl

6aTpaK

TOpOnHTb,

hired farmhand

nOflrOHHTb

CU1CU C n O C o 6 C T B O B a T b

ffl cui

pa3pymaTb;

JioMaTb:

1. to urge, hurry 2. to hasten, expedite to urge, hasten, press to break, destroy

yHHMTOWaTb

~ f g cuihui CM. M cuican

to destroy, smash, wreck

pasrpoMHTb;

pas-

to wreck, destroy, devastate

pyillHTb If

guan

KyBUiHH;

Kpy>KKa;

1. vessel, container 2. jug, jar

SAHKA

guantou IS g u a n maTb

1. 2.

1. tin can 2. c a n n e d goods

KOHcepBbi nojiHBaTb;

HaCHBaTb;

opo-

1. to irrigate; to fill, pour 2. to photograph 3. to offer libation

BIIHXH-

52

3

4

B3Tb 3. H a ^ H B a T b ; 3anoJiHHTb BOflOH i i ^ C guanmii KycTapHHK ~ i f i guangai o p o t u a T b ; o p o uieHHe, H p p u r a u H H @ yao cBepKaTb, 6,/iecTeTb; CHHTb I f h u o MTHOBeHHO; BHe3anHO, Biipyr

—gL h u o l u a n xojiepa

^ qiao riTH'iKa; Bopofiefl US jie 1. Ha3Haie.HHbiH c p o n ; H a c T y n a t b (o _ 3 U b ; ceccHH

cpotce)

2. co-

iB| hua 1. pHcyHOK; KapTHHa; HJ1JTK)CTpHpOBaHHbIH 2. pHcoBaTb; qepTHTb; iepTa, UITpHX — @ huatii wepTHTb; pHcoB^Tb

huapian OTKpbiTKa

(xy-

doycecTeeuHan ) — ^ h u a x i a n g nopipeT

— i S huabao HJi-rnocTpHpoBanHblfl >KypHaJi —JLhuar KapTHHKa; pwcyHOK ® han 1. .ae^oBoe nHCbMO 2. KHbie w y XH, JIO>Kb yào 1. neib; romiàpHH 2. yrojibHaa uiàxTa 3. nemépa —}|qj yàodòng nemépa Hi Chù 1. BblXOAMTb*, BljxOA 2. yflaAHtbcn; noKHAàtb

R

to conspire, plot, scheme

rumors rumor 1. kiln 2. (coal) pit 3. cave dwelling cave dwelling 1. to go/come out, exit 2. to exceed, go beyond 3. to issue, put out, post 4. to

55

tu

F 1

2 3.

1

3

» t r g t t ^ i a g ^ m J i a M i & a j f f i f l i a

(tlOTOMCT-

npOH3BOflHTb

8o);

H3AaBaTb 5. cnopT

BbIB03HTb;

Bbl-

x o 4 H T b 3a npe,nejibi t H S c h u c h a i ye3jKaTb b koMaHaHpOBKy; KOMaHAHpOBKa c h u z u cAaBaTb b apeHAy c h u z u c h e TaKCH c h u k o u 1. b h x o a ; B u e s A

~ 0

BHB03,

2.

cooking) 8. to pay out, expend

cJiy-

BblAe/IHTbCH;

7.

6. to put forth, vent 7. to rise well (in

3K-

6. n p o H c x o f l H T b ,

qaTbCfl

— S

produce, turn out 5. to arise, happen

p o > K A a T b 4. B b i n y c K a T b ;

to be away on official business or on a business trip to hire, rent out //driving a vehicle 1. to dispatch a vehicle 2. to be out// 1. to speak, utter 2. to export 3. exit

SKCnOpT

— iS chupin

npoayKUHfl;

H3-

to produce, manufacture, make; pro-

AeAHH — :g

duct

churning

H3BecTHbtfl,

1. famous, well-known 2. to become fa-

(U3

1. way out, outlet 2. employment op-

npocAaBJieHHbift chulu

mous/well-known 3. to lend one's name

BblXOA

nOAO-

otceHun ) — H

portunities

chuguo

BbiexaTb

(sa

epammy) — c h u h a n

noTeTb

chushi

cAymi^ocb

npo-

to go abroad (from one's own country) to perspire to deal with affairs/matters

HCUieCTBHe — H

chumen

buAth

H3 A O M a ;

to be away from home, go on a journey, go out

yexaTb Chuxi (na

npHCyTCTBOBaTb

co6panuu)

— Jg- c h u s h e n

npoHcxowae-

HHe; n p O H C X O A H T b ~ f

c

to attend, be present

one's previous experience/occupation

chuchSn BbinycKaTb,

H3BOAHTb;

1. class origin, family background 2.

H3 npo-

to produce, manufacture; product

Bbipa60TKa

chumai

1.

npoAawy

2.

nycKaTb

b

1. to sell, offer for sale 2. to sell out, betray

npeAaBaTb

Chulai

BblXOAHTb

chubSn

H3AaB4Tb;

Ccio-

to come out, emerge; out (toward one)

da) H3Aa-

to come off the press, publish, come out

HHG tt

chubSnshe

H3AaTejib-

publisher, press

CTBO — &

chufa

crynHTb — A 2,

Churu

OTnpaBHTbCH, (e

bh-

1. to set out, start off 2. to start/ proceed from

noxod)

1. BXOA H

BblXOA

1. to come in and go out 2. discrepancy, divergence

pi3HHLia

56

3 ffitfB 4 t t j g j chus£ Bbi^e^HTbCfl; 3aMeiHbift, He3aypnflHbift ~50 chuxlan noHB^HTbcsi; nosiB^eHHe chubing flBHHyib BoiiCKa chuqibuyi Heo>KHAaHHO chuqu BblXOflHTb (OTCK)da) fft c h u ocHoBa, tJ)yHflaMeiiT, 6a3HC SH r h u o Tynoft, HecnocofiHbifl — z h u o l i e CM. fig q u 1. c r n 6 a T b ( c H ) ; KpHBofl, H30rHyTbIH 2. nOAIHHHTbCH 3. HecnpaBefl^HBOdb quru CbiTb ono3opeHhwm; n o s o p q u x i npocHTb n o m a A b i ~ 0 g q u f u noflHHHHTb(ca); noKOpHTb(ch) jue ynopHbift; ynpHMbifl j u e K o n a T b , pbiTb

jg ku

j u e t u j i 3KCK3BaTOp HMa; nemepa; OTBep-

outstanding, remarkable, splendid to appear, arise, emerge to dispatch troops to take sb. by surprise to go/get out, exit plinth, stone base of a column foolish, stupid, silly, inane; meaningless ignorant, dull, clumsy, inferior 1. to bend 2. to suffer wrong 3. crooked 4. wrong, incorrect 5. injustice, wrong to be humiliated/insulted; humiliation, disgrace //crossed 1. to kneel, genuflect 2. to sit with knees// to surrender, yield gruff, surly to dig excavator, power shovel hole, cave, den

CTHe

"B" g a n 1. BKycHbift; cJia^KHH 2. OXOTHO, C yAOBOJIbCTBHeM ganju MHpHTbCH, AOBOJlbCTBOBaTbCH ganshu 6aTaT, cJiaAKHii KapTO(J)e^b — ¡Q. g a n x i n CM. "0" 2 ganzhe caxapHbift TpocT-

1. sweet, pleasant, satisfactory 2. willing, of one's own accord 3. Gansu to accept (a low position) willingly sweet potato 1. to be willing 2. to be reconciled/re-\\ sugar cane Wslgned to

HHK

t i a n cJiaflKHft; BKycHbift —iR tiangua amhh gf{ h a n 1. nonofiKa 2. baoBOJIb, AOCUTa fft q i a n 1. OKHMaTb; 3a>KHMaTb 2. BbiaeprHBaTb (zeo3du) 3. m n n u i i ; K-nemri; t h c Kri

B

1. sweet 2. agreeable muskmelon rapturously; to one's heart's content 1. pincers, pliers, clamps, forceps 2. to pinch, clamp 3. to restrain, gag

57

1t SB sa «

3

4 P

q i a n g ô n g c-nécapb ~ $ l j q i à n z h ì cKÓBhiBaTb 0 j i ù cTynKa fê x i à n 1. ynâcTb 2. rton.âcrb B HenpHHTHoe no/iowéHHe 3. OKKyniipOBaTb 4. jiOByrnKa, 3anaflHH xiànhài 1. npHHOCHTb Bpefl; ryÔHTb 2. H3MCHHTbf npeaaBâTb — ^ xiànluò npoBa^HTbCH; ynacTb x i à n j i n g nonâcTb b jioByniKy; 3anaÂHH ¡fcg y à n ruiâMH; orÓHb B§ dào 1. TonTâTb; nonHpâTb, HapymâTb 2. cjiéaoBaTb, noapajKaTb dào

pHC

CHa

KOpHIO)

— EB d à o t i â n piicoBoe aÓJie ~ 3 | [ dàocâo pricoBan cojiÓMa d à o m i pHC (OHUUlfCHHblÛ)

®

t â o 1. BbixoflHTb H3 6eperóB, pa3flHBéTbcn 2. 6 y p HblH, èyp^RLUHft châ 1. BCTéBHTb; BOflpy3HTb 2. cawaTb (paccady) 3. BTHCKHBaTbCH 4. BKJléAbirn; BCTaBKa ~ H châhuà MJiiocTpaUHH ~ a ( i S ) châyân(huà) BMémHBaTbcn b pa3roBÓp; nepefiHBaTb; péiMHKa —»Si c h â z u i BMéuiHBaTbcn b pa3roBÓp; nepegHBâTb

1. benchwork 2. fitter to clamp down on, suppress 1. mortar 2. joint (of bones) 1. to get stuck/bogged down 2. to become sunken/caved in 3. to frame/ trump up 4. to be captured, fall 5. pitfall, trap 6. defect, deficiency to frame, trump up charges against

1. to subside, sink/cave in 2. to fall into enemy hands (of territory) pitfall, pit, trap flame, blaze 1. to tread, stamp the feet 2. to skip, trip 3. to follow paddy, rice paddy field, rice farm rice straw rice paddy to inundate, flood

to insert, interpose

(inserted) illustration (in book) to interpose a remark; a remark interposed; digression, episode to interrupt, break in

P P

k ô u 1. poT; nacTb 2. bxoa; BHXOfl 3. flbipâ; OTBépCTHe 4. róp^wuiKO (cocyda) 5. nopT; râBaHb 6. ycTHo; ycTHhift 7. iviotók; 3aTji>K-

1. mouth 2. opening, entrance 3. hole, cut 4. knife edge 5. Great Wall gateway 6. (M. for mouthfuls/people/ wells, etc.)

58

4 Ka 8. CH. CA. a) DAN ModeU (edoKQo); 6) SAM npedMeTOB C KpblUlKOti UAU OTBepCTUeM, Ae36UU u Hoxeu P * I k o u h o n g r y 6 H a n noMaaa k o u j i n g Kajiii6p (opydux); AHaMeTp (oTeepcrun) k d u q i a n g nojiocTb pTa, POT kduyin npoH3HouieHHe; BhirOBOp kouzhao noBH3Ka Ha p o t ; pecnHpaTop — ^ k d u q i n ry6Haa rapiuoHHKa k o u z 1. flbipa; oTBepcTHe 2. pTbi, eaoKH 3. ycTbe — # k o u h a o j i o s y H r , npn3UB — k o u t o u ycTHo; ycTHbifi — i f ; k o u w e i BKyc — k o u d a i KapiwaH; MewoK — ^ j O ^ P k o u s h i - x l n f e i JimieMepne, A B y ^ H i H e k S u s h u CM. k o u c h i 3aHKaTbca ~ # kouling 1. KOMaH.ua 2. napoJib qi 1. npHCop; annapar; HHCTpyMeHT 2. nocy.ua 3. opraHbi (otcueoTHbix, pacTenuu) — g q i g u a n CM. g§ 3 q l j u 1. npHfiopw, annapatypa; HHcrpyMeHtbi 2. nocy.ua; yTBapb Sa p i n 1. npeflMCT, Beuib, H3aeJiHe 2. KJiacc; mhh; pa3PHA 3. CBOHCTBO, KSieCTBO 4. OUeHHBaTb — i S p i n g e xapaKTep (neAOeeica); a o c t 6 h h c t b 3 ; KaqecTBa p i n m u HOMemuiaTypa

p p lipstick . bore, caliber 2. requirements, specifications, line of action oral cavity 1. voice 2. local/regional accent antiseptic mask harmonica opening, cut, tear slogan, watchword 1. oral, in words 2. flavor (of fruit, etc.) 1. a person's taste 2. taste of food pocket hypocritical to recount orally stuttering, stammering 1. (oral) command 2. password, watchword, countersign 1. talent, aptitude 2. (suf. for utensil, ware, instrument, (body) organ) organ, apparatus utensil, implement, appliance 1. article, product, goods 2. grade, class, rank, rate 3. character, quality 4. to taste, sample, judge 5. to blow (an instrument) 6. light/pale (color) 1. one's character and morals 2. style and quality (of literary/artistic works) list of articles

59

3 Si ìf

4 P pinping

ouéHHBaTb;

KJiaCCH(})HUHpOBaTb — p i n z h ó n g accopTRMém ~§f| pinlèi copT; pa3HOBHflHOCTb — f f i p ì n z h ì cBÓficTBa, KàiecTBa; x a p a K T e p ftl k ò u 1. s a K p b i B a T b ; 3acTèr H B a T b ; 3 a c T é > K K a 2. y j l é p J K H B a T b , B b m H T a T b 3 . CKIÌflK a 4. n y r o B H u a 5. 3 a a é p > K i i BaTb —_h

kòushàng

kòuliu .nepwàTb (HÙ —

3acTerHytb

apecTOBaTb,

kòuyà Hajio>KHTb UMymecTBo)

3aapéd

kòuchu yiiepwaTb, qecTb; BbiqeT

bh-

ìn

j i à 1. y B e ^ H H H B a T b ; yiuHOwaTb; npHÓaBJiHTb; njiioc 2. n p H C O e f l H H H T b C H - _ h jiàshàng 1. npHóàBHTb, a o S à B H T b 2. n j i i o c k o B c e M y , k T O M y H z h í x í n 3 a A y m é B H b i H z h i z h á o y B é a o M H T b , H3BeCTHTb j g ch¡ r-nynbifi; h a h ó t ífO h é 1. MHp, c o r ^ á c H e ; MHpHblH 2. MHrKHH; T é n / i b i ñ ; CMHrqáTb 3. cotos UAU nped-

to speed up, intensify

~

to mix (with water, etc.), knead harmony, amity

Aoa h; c; K?Pf¡6 h h oh, Mbl C HHM

h u ó MecHTb; 3 a M é u i H B a r b h é m ü ApyJKHo, b c o M á -

in

to strengthen, augment, reinforce coffee café 1. good, fine 2. to praise, commend to commend, cite wedding ceremony eggplant 1. to know, realize, sense 2. to inform, notify 3. to administer 4. to be expert in noted, famous to know, realize, be aware of 1. consciousness 2. perception knowledge 1. educated person (high school or college equivalent) 2. intelligentsia intimate, close; understanding to inform, notify, tell 1. silly, idiotic 2. crazy about 3. insane 1. gentle, mild, moderate 2. harmonious 3. (together) with 4. sum 5. peace 6. (sports) tie, draw

CHH

—-sp h é p í n g 1. MHp; MtipHbifi 2. A 0 6 p O A y i l I H b I H — ^ P i X hépíngzhúyi nauH4>H3M héháo noMHpHTbCfl; Apy>KHblft; MlípHblH héshang 6yAAiíñcKHñ MOHáx ~ $ h é y u é M Í p H b i f t AÓroBÓp

o

1. peace 2. mild pacificism 1. to become reconciled 2. friendly Buddhist monk peace treaty

61

55 ft] m fa

3

4

fOgt hehuan cMHriaTb(cfl); VMepeHHbifl — ^ h e q i 1. MiipHan aTinoc(j)epa; corJiacHe 2. CMiipHblH, KpOTKHH r u I . noxoiiHTb; noaoCHO; Bpoae; KaK 2. HanpHMep 3. ¿cjih; ecjin 6bi 4. corviacHO, 110 ~ _ h rushang

BbiuieH3Ji6)KeH-

HblH ruxia HH>«ec/ie,ny!OLU.Hfi — ^ r u j i n xenepb, Hb'me ~{6J r i i h e KaK?; KaKoii? — r u g u 6 ec.iH, d c j i y i a e ~ltfc ruci Tan; TaKOB;

TaKHM

66pa30M — M f u y i CblTb flOBOJIbHblM; C yAOPO^bCTBHeM k o u 3acT'erHBarb; nyroBHua k o u z n y r o B H u a ; 3acTe>KKa S sht KaMenb; MHHepa^; KaMeHHblH —

dan paenaa

flaHb 100

(juepa A)

o6i>eMa,

s h i q i H3.ae.nHH H3 KaMHH s h i l i u HBJlHTb qifâ pa3i>HCHHTb, cnoCÔÛCTBOBarb nOHHMaHMO a y â n 1. c^oBâ, p e i b ; hsûk 2. TOBOpHTb y â n y u Î B M K ; penb ~FY y â n x i n g C^OBÂ H AENÂ y â n c i cjroBâ; Bbipa>Ké-

1. day after tomorrow 2. postnatal; acquired 1. afterwards, later 2. latecomers consequences, aftermath rear, back, behind 1. later periods/ages 2. later generations, descendants, posterity, progeny 1. to open (up) 2. to enlighten, expound 3. note 4. to open (a letter/etc.) notice, announcement to enlighten, stimulate; enlightenment, inspiration 1. speech, word, talk 2. character 3. to say, talk, speak 1. to speak, talk 2. to answer words and deeds words, expressions

HHH

y â n t â n ôecéflOBaTb; 6ecé^a ~ i Ê y â n l ù n BbicKé3biBanHH i l x i n 1. BépHTb, AOBepHTb; Bépa 2. n n c b M o ; H3BécTne 3. c H r H â j i , 3HaK — •££ x i n r è n AOBepsfrb; flOBépwe xinxiâng noMTÔBbifl

content/manner of speech open discussion, speech 1. confidence, trust, faith 2. sign, evidence 3. letter, mail 4. message, word, information 5. to believe 6. true 7.W to trust, have confidence in Wrandom 1. mailbox, letter box 2. post-office box

HIU.HK

—flfl x i n y à n g B é p a ; HHH; Hfleâ/IBI

yôe>KAé-

to believe

64

a

it

a

fftft xinjiàn UHs;

KoppecnoHfléH-

5 0 âÈ

letter; mail

nricbMa

x i n f ê n g KOHBépT

(noiro-

envelope

BblÙ) — ffl x i n y o n g

KpefliÎT;

Kpe-

trustworthiness, credit

AlÎTHblH —

xinhào

~ X

xlnyi

~|it

xinjiào

Bepo-

signal (good) faith to profess a religion

nopy-

to trust, entrust

cHrHâji AoroBopëHHoeTb BépoBaTb;

HcnoBé^aHHe xintuô

~tE

iiOBepHTb;

MaTb xinxin

yBépeHHOCTb,

Bé-

confidence, faith

yôejKiiéHHH;

aé-

faith, belief, conviction

pa — tsi. x i n n i à n pa; ff

KpéflO

shi

KJiHCTbCH;

KJ1RTB3;

npHcnrâTb;

to vow, pledge, swear; oath, pledge, vow

npHcâra s h i y â n (ci)

kjiît-

oath, pledge

Ba; npHCHra H

pi

cpâBHHBaïb;

npHMép;

example, analogy

HanpHMép pirû If

téng

for example, such a s

nanpHMép ko-

to transcribe, copy out

nepenHcâTb;

to transcribe, copy out

nepenncbiBaTb;

nripoearb — ^

téngxiè

CHflTb KÔnHK) H

Jîng

1.

npeaynpe>KflâTb, 2.

npeAocTeperaTb 3.

oxpaHaTb,

TpeBÔra

oôeperéîb

1. to warn 2. to guard against 3. alarm 4. police 5. alert, vigilant

4.

nO/lHUHH ~IB

jingwèi

I.

2. r B â p ^ H H ; jïnggào

oxpâHa

1. (security) guard 2. to guard against

rBapaéftcKHH npeaynpewflâTb,

npeflocTeperéTb;

to warn, caution, admonish; (disciplinary) warning

npeziynpe-

wjiéHHe jingbèi wé —

t. ôbiTb

HacTopo-

2. r a p H H 3 Ô H H a n jingbèijûn

BoftcKé; jingti

guard, garrison

cjiywôa

oxpâHHbie

guard troops, garrison

rapHH3ÔH CflHTe^bHbift;

Ha-

to be on guard against

CTOpOJKHTbCfl —

fêofi j i n g t i x l n g HOCTb

ôflHTejib-

vigilance

65

m

a W # A"

3

¡ B S È S É l J g i B i M t & l l j f f i J S t ì t f B

Ì Ì Ì S j ì n g b à o TpeBÓra

6oeean)

(nanp.

jingjiè npe.aocTopó>KHOCTb j ì n g c h a NOJTHUHH; MHJIHUHH ^ y ù npoc.naBJiHTb, BocxBaJIHTb; H3B0CTHOCTb, CJlaBa yùwàng HSBéCTHOCTb, cjràBa ft- s h ò u >KHBÓTHoe; 3Bepb; 3BepHHblft s h ò u y ì BeTepHHàp h é 1. C O e a H H H T b ( c H ) ; CMblK3Tb (CJl) 2. oÒ"b6AHHHTb (-CH); KoonepiipoBaTb(cfl) 3. COOTBéTCTBOBaTb, c o B n a flàTb — h é j i n c r u i a B MeTà^^OB — a héli ue/iecoo6pà3Hbifi, paUHOHaJIbHblH ~S < l t § a j - i T i g f t t f S

/ierpa(}>Hoe s t g h t c t b o CoBeTCKoro Coio3a) d a 1. c6HTb, CKOJtOTHTb 2. npHCOe^HHHTbCH, COCTaBHTb KOMnaHHK) 3. n o r p y 3HTbCH, cecxb Ha — ^ d a c h e n g exaTb Ha Hen d a j i u BbipyMHTb, 0Ka3aTb nOMOLIlb — d a z a i I . nepeB03HTb naccawnpoB 2. rpy3HTb(ca) (na cyda) da 1. OTBeMaTb; otbgt 2. 0T03BaTbCH, OTKJIHKHyTbCH d a y i n g 1. o6emaTb; coMaiiiaTbCH 2. oTBeMaTb, OT3bIBaTbCfl — d a f u OTBeMaTb; o t b g t § ji ciacTbe; CMacT^HBbiii, paflOCTHblft — "E j i t a rHTapa jie 1. CBH3blBaTb; 3aBH3hIBaTb ( y s e A ) 2. Ha^a>KHBaTb (oTHOuieHun); 3aKJnoiaTb (dozosop) 3. pe3yjibTar, HTOr, Bb'lBOfl — j i e npo'iHbift, KpenKHft — 51 jiemeng 3aK.nioMaTb co103 — •¡=5- j i e h e cBH3biBaTb(cn); coeaHHHTb(cH); co^eTaHHe j i e h u n BCTynaTb b 6paK, HCGHHTbCH, BblXOflHTb 3aM y w ; 6paK — I j j i e j u pe3yjibTaT; 4>HHaji ~f 5 !! j i e g o u cTpyKTypa, cTpoeHHe; KOHCTpyKUHH; ycTpdiiCTBO — jieshi KpenKHft, nponHblft — ^ jieguo pe3y.nbTaT, KTor; B pe3y^biaTe j l e s h u 1. 3aK0HHHTb(cH);

4

1. to put up, construct 2. to hang over 3. to join together 4. to travel by or take (a conveyance) 5. to lift together 6. to add (money/etc.) to travel (by conveyance) to rescue, go to the rescue of to carry (passengers) 1. to answer, reply 2. to return (a call/etc.), reciprocate 1. to answer, reply 2. to agree to, promise answer, reply 1. lucky, auspicious, propitious 2. Jilin (prov.) guitar 1. to tie, knot, knit, weave; knot 2. to congeal, form, forge, cement 3. to settle, conclude 4. written guarantee 5. affidavit 6. (electr.) junction 7. (physiol.) node to bear (fruit), form (seed) to form an alliance, ally, align 1. to combine, unite, integrate, link 2. to be joined in wedlock to marry, get married; marriage, wedding final result, outcome, ending 1. structure, composition, construction 2. (geol.) structure 1. to bear fruit 2. strong, solid, durable result, outcome, consequence to end, conclude, close

68

4

^ B M f ê f i ^ ^ S S ^ r S ^ W W KOHéu, KeJiâTejibHblH 8§ WÙ BCTpéTHTbCH, yBHAGTbCH

conclusion; verdict

1 g WÙ 1. n p H H T H B

to realize, awaken (to)

C03H3HHe

2. 3acTâBHTb n o H i Î T b ; n p o CBeTHTb i g y u 1. H3MK; CJlOBa 2. p a 3 TOBâpHBaTb, TOBOpHTb ~)C yùhui CJlOBapHblH coCTâB, jréKCHKa ~ U y ù y â n A3biK; p e i b — ef y û y i n np0H3H0iuéHHe ~ à î g y ù c i c j i ô b o ; Bbipa>KéHHe —•6J y û j ù npe;yio>KéHHe, (j)pâ3a ~ 3 t y Ù w é n fl3bIK (yCTHblÛ u nilCbMeHHblli

)

y ù f à rpaMMâTHKa i g p é i 1. O K y i H B a T b 2. b o c î i h TblBaTb;

BbipâlUHBaTb

péizhi 1. B b i p â m H B a T b , KyjIbTHBHpOB3Tb 2. BHeflpHTb péiyàng(yu) bocnHTblBaTb, B b i p â m H B a T b fêf b è i yflBâHBaTb; BABÔe; flBOHHÔft; — f ë BABÔe; p?)® BTpôe

to clean

P m Si

i

IS îâ

«

m

1. good; charitable, kind, friendly; kindness, good deed 2. familiar 3. to do sth. well, make perfect 4. to be apt/prone to\\ to be good at, be adept in \\5. properly good and kind, decent goodwill to meet face to face

1. language, tongue, words; to speak, say 2. saying, proverb 3. means of \\ vocabulary Wcommunication language 1. speech sounds 2. pronunciation words and phrases sentence 1. (spoken and written) language 2. language and literature grammar; syntax 1. to bank up with earth 2. to foster, train, educate to cultivate, foster, train

1. to foster, train, develop 2. (biol.) culture 1. times, -fold 2. twice as much

69

3

M H M & a j i & f ë f t t î B

4

(math) multiple

//compensate

fê-gc b è i s h ù K p é T H o e h h c v i ó Pg p é l c o n p o B o w i i â T b péibàn(tóng) 6biTb BMéCTe; COCTaBJlHTb KOMnâHHio

to accompany, keep sb. c o m p a n y

jg

1. to compensate, pay for 2. to stand a

péi

1. B 0 3 M e m é T b ,

KOMneH-

ClîpOBaTb 2. HeCTH yÓbÌTKH 3.

npH3HaBaTb

BHHy,

1. to accompany 2. to assist 3. toll

loss

H3BH-

HflTbCfl

npH3HaBâTb

— IP p é i z u ì —

H

BHHy

péichâng KoiwneHCHpoBaTb, B 0 3 M e m â T b ; KOMneHcéUHH xi

1.

ciâcTbe;

CiaCTTIHBblH;

pâflocTb;

pâflOCTHblfl 2.

•lIOÔHTb; H p a B H T b C H ~ 0 | X I j Ù KOMéflHH

—

to compensate, pay for

1. to be fond of, be keen on; happy, delighted, pleased 2. to be happy/elated comedy

xïshi npâ3flHecTBo; CBâflb6a; p é f l o c T H o e cofibiTHe

happy event, joyous occasion

xîhuân HpaBHTbCH; ÔHTb x i xHxiÎKaTb; x h - x h !

1. to like, love, be fond of 2. to be hap-

— %

xïxiào

KaTb H

to apologize

shòu

— Î S S

CMGHTbCfl;

;i>o-

py/elated I . A l a s ! , My! 2. he! he!; giggle XHXH-

to be laughing and playing //cepted

npoaaBâTb;

npoAawa

shòuhuòyuan

npo.ua-

1. to sell 2. to get (a plan/etc.) ac-II shop assistant, clerk

séu —^¿b

shôupiàochû

ôH^éTHas

ticket office

Kaccrip

ticket seller

Kâcca shôupiàoyuân

(ÔUACTHbiÛ ) £

z h à n 1. HHMaTb,

3axBaTbiBaTb, OKKynnpoBarb

COCTaBJlHTb zhànjù

— ^

CM.

zhànyòu

£

1

to occupy, hold 1. to own, have 2. to occupy, hold 2.

ocTaHOBHTbcn; ocTaHÓBKa; CTâHUHfl; BOK3aJI zhànzhù

CTOftl

make up; to account for

npHCBaHBaTb,

z h à n l i n g CM. [ 5 1 z h à n 1. B C T a T b ; CTOHTb

~3î

1. to occupy, take 2. to constitute,

(laCTb)

3aXBâTbIBaTb

— M

3a2.

ocTaHOBHTbca;

to occupy, hold 1. to (take a) stand 2. to stop, halt 3. station, stop 1. to stop, halt 2. to hold one's ground 3. to hold water, be tenable

70

4

5 to stand sentry

S f i S I z h à n g i n g cTOHTb Ha n o -

c-ry —HA. z h à n d u l nocTpÓHTbca paflàMH —zhànzhàng HanaJibHHK CTàHUHH z h à n q i l a i noAHHTbcn;

to line up, fall in station/center/etc. head to rise, get up; get up!

BCTaTb!

1. note, card 2. invitation 3. (M. for doses) 1. sticky, glutinous 2. to adhere, stick

iWS t i é npHrjiacHTejibHbiH Cunei n i à n I. bh3khìi; jiiinKHH 2. CKJléHBaTbCHj CJIHriaTbCfl; npHK^léHBaTb niàntu rjiHHa niànmò c./ih3hct3h 060-

clay mucous membrane, mucosa

J1Ó4K3

t i e 1. npHKJiéHBaTb; 3aK^éHBaTb 2. cTHnéHAHH; nocó6ne t i è b ù 0Ka3biBaTb nÓMomb (MdTepuaAbHyto); flripoBaTb

cyócn-

npoMÓKHyTb

2.

KOCHyTbCH, 3aTpÓHyTb nepeHHTb; 3apa3HTbca

3.

¿¡5 z h à n

1.

1. to paste, glue, stick to 2. to subsidize; subsidies, allowance 3. to sentence to death to subsidize, help financially 1. to moisten, soak 2. to be stained with 3. to profit from 4. to touch

z h à n r à n 1. OKpàcHTbcn 2. 3apa3HTbCH; 3apa>KéHne z u à n 1. C B e p . n ó ; òypàB 2. a j i M a 3 (3AH pe3Ku

to be infected by 1. to drill, auger 2. diamond, watch, jewel 3. to bore, drill, get/dig into to drill, bore, get/dig into

cretcAa)

— z u à n 1. npoTKHyrb 2. a o HCKHBaTbCfl, AOKànblBaTbCH IS d i à n t . Mara3HH; jiàBKa 2. rocTHHHija; xapiéBHH diànpù

Mara3HH;

1. shop, store 2. inn

jiaBKa

t g d i à n nÓMHHTb; 3a6ÓTHTbCH, ÓeCnOKÓHTbCH

— Jfj; d i à n n i à n

cKyqàTb; 6ec-

nOKÓHTbCH O

j g diàn

B3BéuiHBaTb,

npHKH-

store, shop to remember with concern, be concerned about, keep thinking about to keep thinking about, be anxious about to weigh in the hand

AblBaTb

g

zhé 1. npoHHuaTe^bHbiii; MyApblH 2. HJIOCÓHH — ^ zhéxué (f>HJIOCÓHH z h é x u é j i à 4>hjióco4»

1. wise, sagacious 2. wise man, sage philosophy philosopher

71

3

4

' S gü

apeBHHÜ, CTapHHHbifi; ÄpeBHOCTb güwii npe^MeTbi CTapii-

P

S

H

^

S

ä

1. ancient, age-old 2. not following current customs/practice ancient objects, antiquities

HM güwüxue apxeo^örHa - " j ® güj'l HCTOpHMeCKHe näMHTHHKH; ÄOCTonpHMeMäTejTbHOCTH g ü d ä i ÄpeBHOCTb; ÄpeßHHÜ; aHTHMHblH fä g Ü BblMHC^HTb; H3MepHTb ~ i + güj'i 1. o u e H H B a T b ; o u e H Ka 2. y m i T b i B a T b , 6 p a T b Ha yieT

archeology

iÄ kü 1. BHHyTb; CÖXHyib 2. x y ^ ö f t , t ö i u h h te g Ü 1. CBGKpÖBb; T e T K a ; 30j i Ö B K a 2. a e B y u i K a gümü TeTKa

1. withered (of plants/etc.) 2. dried

father's married sister

— 5g g ü n i ä n g

He-

1. girl 2. (coll.) daughter

(de-

to appease, indulge, tolerate

33My>KHHH güxi BaTb; ®

jÜ

antiquity to estimate, appraise to estimate, appraise, reckon

(of wells/etc.) 3. dull 4. emaciated 1. father's sister 2. husband's sister 3. husband's mother 4. nun 5. tempo-\\ \\rary

ÄeHlUHHa

1.

2.

reu)

ÄeßyuiKa;

historic site

ßajiOBäTb

nonycTHTe^bCTBü-

JlHÖepäjIbHHiaTb npO>KHBäTb;

>KHTb,

Me-

1. to reside, live 2. to occupy 3. to assert, claim 4. to store up 5. residence

CTOJKHTe/IbCTBO j ü z h t l >KHTb,

npOJKHBaTb

npeßbißäTb,

jüliü

Haxo-

to live, reside to reside

AHTbCH jümin

Hacejie-

>KHTejiH,

resident, inhabitant

HHe 1. n ö n p o c T y

jürän

—

2. He-

1. unexpectedly, to one's surprise 2. going so far as to

OÄHÄaHHO

i i jÜ

1.

cyan

OCHÖBblBaTbCH

no

nyHKT

2.

6ä3a,

3. no

jüshuö KaK pe^aiÖT, —& ig

evidence, proof, certificate

apryMeHT by ear

cjiyxaM roBopiiT;

ne-

'ito onopHbiH

KJuoqeBäa

no3iiuHH

Tblft

occupy, seize 3. to rely/depend on 4.

onöpHbifl

jüdiän

jü

1. according to, on the grounds of 2. to

CBHÄeTejIbCTBO,

40Ka3äTe^bCTBO, jüwen

Ha;

nHJiHTb;

nHJiä;

nyHKT; 3y6nä-

it is said that fortified point, stronghold saw; to saw

72

Ä

4

g

^

&

s

i

m

g

i g ^ c p j u m u c h a n g .rceconHJibHblH 3aBOfl g k u 1. r o p b K H H ; THweJibifi, TpyAHblft 2. CTpajlaHHH, M y HeHHH 3. y n o p H o ; H30 Bcex CHJl ~ X kugong 1. Tfl>KeJibiH Tpyfl 2. q e p H o p a 6 o i H f t k u n a n 6e,ncTBHSi; c T p a AaHHH — JflJ k u x i n g nbiTKa

kuli

KyjiH,

1. hardship, suffering, pain 2. to cause sb. suffering 3. to suffer from, be troubled by 4. painstakingly 5. excessive 6. bitter hard manual work suffering, misery, distress torture 1. laborer, coolie 2. strenuous effort, hard work 1. suffering 2. bitter taste

qepHopa6o-

1HH

kutou CTpa^aHHa, MyneHHH — k u z h a n ynopHbie 6 O H — )£> k u x i n CTapaHHe, y c e p ^ H e H i : — j t s h e t o u anar. H3biK f g kuO BKJIIOHaTb, OXBaTblBaTb — ^ kuohao CKO6KH

to struggle hard; hard struggle trouble taken, pains 1. (anat.) tongue 2. ability to talk 1. to draw together, contract 2. to include brackets; parentheses; braces 1. to live 2. to save (sb.'s life) 3. alive, live, living 4. moving 5. vivid, lively 6. exactly; simply 7. work 8. product 9. livelihood

huo 1. JKHTb; JKHBOlV, >KH3Hb 2. /leficTBOBaTb; fleaTeJibHbiH 3. p a f i o T a , 3aHHTHe; H3yiaTb H npmueHHTb Ha npaKTHKe huodong 1. AeftcTBOBaTb; AeHTejlbHOCTb 2. flBHr a T b c a ; no.HBH>KHbift

huoyue

oJKHBJiHTbCH;

OJKHB/ieHHblH; 0>KHB/ieHHe h u o p S C o i i p b i H , 3HeprH4HblH, JKHBOM l g h u a I. cJiOBa; peMb, H3HK 2. p a 3 r o o 6 p , 6ece,aa ~ g ! ) h u a j u cneKTaKJib, nbeca • g s h e W H ^ H i u e ; o6me>KHTne; ~

rocTHHHua she OTKa3biBaTbCH; caTb

6po-

s h e q i CpocHTb, o c r a B H T b — !§• s h e s h e n nowepTBOBaTb cofiofl

5

p

sawmill, lumber mill

1. to move about, exercise 2. activity, maneuver 3. behavior 4. unsteady 5. movable, mobile 6. to use influence to enliven, animate, invigorate; brisk, active, dynamic lively, vivacious, vivid 1. speech, talk, conversation, words, sayings, story 2. language 3. to talk modern drama, stage play 1. room, dorm 2. school building 3. pen/ shed for animals 4. (M. distance, =30 li) 1. to give up, abandon 2. to give alms to give up, abandon to give/sacrifice one's life

73

s-

m tS

3

l * l & O J i & i g t t ! t f S

s h e b u d e He b CH^ax OTK33aTbCH ® g a O 1. o6T>HBJIHTbj flOKflaflblBaTb; CKa3aTb KOMy 2. o6BHHHTb; JK3iiI0BaTbCiI 3. o 6 p a m a T b c a c n p o c b 6 o f t , npOCHTb — ft] g a o z h i o n o B e c T H T b , y B e AOMHTb — i f c g a o s u 1. c K a 3 a T b , c o o 6 LilHTb 2. nOWajIOBaTbCH

(g

4 1. to loathe to part with 2. to begrudge doing sth. 1. to tell, inform, explain 2. to accuse, go to law against 3. to ask for, request 4. to make known, state clearly, announce to inform, notify to tell, let know, inform

cyd)

— SO g a o b i e n p o m a T b c s ; n p o maHHe, paccTaBaHHe g a o c h e n g 3aBepmiiTbcn k u MyqHTb; JKeCTOKHH ffi h a o 6e36pe>KHbiH, Heo6"bHTHblH — -jz H a o d a o r p o M H b i i i ; BejiHKHH — S g h a o f a n ofiHJibHbift; MHOrOMHC^eHHblH iS hai I. r y 6 H T b ; nopTHTb; BpeflHTb; y m e p f i ; 6 e A C T B n e 2. C T p a f l a T b neM h a i x i u CTeCHHTbCH, C M y maTbCH — h a i p a 6oHTbCH, TpyCHTb — h a i s a o cTbiariTbcn, cTecHHTbCH — i t h a i c h u Bpefl, y m e p 6 — haichong HaceKoMbie-BpeiiHTeJiH f g x i a 1. o c J i e n H y t b ; c j i e n o i i 2. H a y r a a , KaK n o n a ^ o — i g x i a h u a qenyxa, B3Aop — J - xiaz aierioH — |g x i a y d n oaienHyTb; wenofi f S x i a ynpaB^HTb, BeaaTb Jjf t a n g 1. X B a c T 0 B C T B 0 2. JXhHaCTHH T a H Jgf t a n g I. 36M^iHHan m i O T H H a 2. BOAoeM

1. to leave, part from 2. to bid farewell to //important to announce completion of sth. II 1. oppressive 2. very 3. (slang) cool 1. great, vast, grand 2. many, much huge, vast vast and numerous 1. to harm, injure 2. to kill 3. to contract an illness 4, to feel 5. disaster, harm, evil; harmful to be bashful/shy to be afraid/scared to feel ashamed, be bashful harm destructive insect, pest 1. to become blind; blind 2. groundlessly, to no end 3. to become tangled lie, untruth blind person to be blind //govern to have jurisdiction over, administer// 1. exaggerative, boastful 2. in vain, for nothing 3. Tang dynasty (618—907) 1. embankment 2. pool, pond

74

4

5

$£ t a n g caxap; c.na.aocTn; KOH({)eTbi; c a x a p H b i f l t a n g g u o cJiacTH; KOH(J)e-

H i F f i # a W S B J E 1. sugar 2. sweets, candy 3. carbohydrates sweets, candy

Tbl

—

fiiM t a n g n i a o b i n g caxapHbift R M 6 e r ^ h a n 1. coAep>KaTb b c e 5 e ; BMemaTb 2. c.aep>KHBaTb (-ch) —-/g h a n l e i r j i o T a T b c.ie3bi — ^ h a n y o u c o i i e p w a T b b ce6e; o6.na.naTb (KOKUM-A. CBOUCTBOM)

h a n n u meBiio, c HeroAoB3HHGM ; g m i n g 1. H M e i i o B a T b , n a s b i BaTb; h m h 2. c.naBa, H3B6CTHocTb; p e n y T a u H J i 3. ct. CA. 3AX Aiodcu mingwang U3BGCTHOCTi>, cJiaBa mingsheng AocronpHMeMaTe^bHOCTH m i n g y u CM. mingdan cniicoK (noUMBHHblU ) — ft m i n g p i a n BH3HTHan K a p TOMKa

minglizhuyi

Kapbe-

diabetes 1. to keep in the mouth 2. to contain 3. to nurse, cherish, harbor to have tears in one's eyes to contain, have

to be angry/resentful 1. name 2. fame, reputation 3. number, order of selection 4. famous 5. to name, describe 6. (M. for persons) fame, renown place famous for its scenery or historical relics; scenic spot fame, reputation name list visiting/calling card, name-card careerism

PH3M — - ? ( ? ) mingz(zi) HaHMeHooaHHe, HasBaHHe; hmh — ^ m i n g c i 1. [hmh] cyuueCTBHTeJlbHOe 2. TepMHH mingsheng penyrauHH r m ' n g y i hmh; 3BaHHe; h o MHHaJIbHblH; OT HMeHH ~ f j j ming'e u i T a i ; uiTaTHoe pacnncaHHe mingcheng Ha3BaHwe, HaHMGHOBaHHe S Z h a o 3B3Tb, C03blBaTb, n p i i r^auiaTb

name 1. noun, substantive 2. term; phrase 3. name reputation, repute, renown name; nominal, titular, in name

quota of people name 1. to call, convene, summon 2. to solicit, recruit

75

5 « a

3

S J G J I I T F B

4

P

Q ( h J z h a o h u i OT3biBaTb — Jp zhaokai OTKpbiBaTb

S

T

^

^

A

S

S

I

^

A

to recall (e.g., a diplomat) to convene,convoke

(cT>e3d) zhaohuan 3BaTb

Bbi3biBaTb,

— H z h a o j i co6HpaTb, co3biBaTb; c 6 o p f S z h a o 1. 3BaTb, n o A 3 b i B a T b 2. n p H M a u i a T b ; npHHHMaTb

3. npn3HaBaTb

(euny)

zhaosheng Ha6npaTb ( n p H H H M a T b ) yMaiUHXCH z h a o p a i BbiBecKa — ^f z h a o d a i cjiywHBaTb

npHHHMaTb, (eocreu)

06-

— Bjp z h a o h u 1. 3BaTb; M a H i i r b 2. 3a60THTbCH; npHCMaTpnB3Tb — S zhaozhi HaB^eib —

npHBecrri

zhaobing AaT

fH z h i i o

K,

B e p f i o B a T b COJI-

6ojioto

z h a o d i etwiOTHCTaa MecTHOCTb §

gu 1. 2. x ; i e 6 a ;

ymeJibe; 3JiaKH

OBpar

— fe g u w u 3 e p H O B i i e ; 3JiaKH su I . hpaBbi, o 6 b m a H 2. o 6 i i q H b i i i , n p o c T o f l 3 . By-fibr a p H b i i i ; 6aHaJibHbiii — i g s u h u a 1. n o c j i o B H u a ; n o roBopKa 2. n p o c T o p e i H e — ^ suqi o6biBaTejibmHHa i S y u o6H^bHbli), 6 o r a T b l i i § r o n g 1. BMeiuaTb; coaepw a T b b c e 6 e ; e M K o c T b ; 0612eM 2. n03B0jrj5Tb, AonycK a T b 3 . Hapy>KHOCTb, O6MK 4.

CBOSOAHO, /ierKo rongrang ycTynaTb,

3B0.1HTb;

no-

to call, summon to call together, convene 1. to beckon 2. to enlist, recruit 3. to attract, incur 4. to provoke 5. to confess 6. to Infect 7. trick, device to recruit students shop sign, signboard to receive (guests); to serve (customers) 1. to call 2. to greet 3. to notify, tell 4. to take care of 5. to take care lest 6. to work hard 7. to get into a fight 1. to seek, recruit (followers/etc.) 2. to incur, lead to to recruit soldiers natural pond swampy/marshy area 1. valley, gorge 2. cereal, grain; millet 3. unhusked rice cereal, grain 1. vulgar 2. popular, common, current 3. secular 4. custom, convention (coll.) common saying, proverb vulgar, in poor taste abundant, plentiful 1. to contain 2. to allow, tolerate 3. looks, appearance

to make a concession, yield, give in

TepnHMOCTb

— ffi r o n g l i a n g KOCTb

o6"beM;

capacity (of a container)

eM-

76

S

4

5

r o n g x u aonycKaTb, no3BOJlHTb r o n g n a BMemaTb — r o n g y i jierKHft; jierKo r o n g m a o o 6 j i h k , BHernHHH BHfl ~ M rongren TepneTb; TepnejlHBblft r o n g njiaBHTb (MeraAA); pacn^aB^eHHbift — K j r o n g z h i i OTJiHBaTb; njiaBHTb rongtielii flOMenHan neMb ® r o n g pacTBopHTb(ca); pacTBop ^

Zi

1.

OTHOUieHHe,

0HUH-

a^bHan Syiuara 2. o6cyneKTHBHb[H — k e q i uepeMOHHTbcn; y i THBOCTb; BeWJlHBblft

1. visitor, guest 2. traveler, passenger 3. traveling merchant 4. customer 5. objective 6. to settle/live in a strange place, be a stranger living/reception room 1. passenger train 2. bus drawing/living room, parlor 1. visitor, guest 2. guest (at a hotel, etc.), traveler objectivity; objective to be polite, stand on ceremony; polite, courteous; modest

79

P

3 UB

4

t3 chuan cy^Ho, Kopa6jib; /lOAKa — J}0 c h u a n b o cy.ua, K o p a 6 ^ i i ~ f ~ chuanchang cyaoBepcjjb c h u a n c a n g K a i o i a ; TpiOM fQ y a n 1. Bflcuib; n o u p a i o 2. K p a f l — ^ y a n ' a n Bflo^b Sepera; npH6pe>KHbiH — ffl y a n y o n g npoao.n>KaTb n6^b30BaTbCfl; npo,aoji>Ka rb TpaflHUHK) y a n h a i BflOJib M o p c K o r o no6epe>KbH; npHMopcKHH i S q i a n cBHHeu; CBHHUOBbifi — ^ qianbi KapaHaam § f o u HeT; h.hh HeT?; He T a n /1H? — HU f o u z e ec.TH He Tan, t o ; b np0THBH0M c-nyyae — lA. f o u r e n oTpHuaTb, He npH3HaBaTb — f o u j u e 0TKJi0HaTb; r o . i o C0B3Tb npOTHB — i f c t X f o u j u e q u a n npaBO BeTO — ^ f o u d i n g o T p w u a T b ; OTpnUaTeJIbHblfl # t a i 1. 6 a m n a ; n-naTtJjopMa; cueHa; apeHa; TpnfiyHa 2. c'l. CA. djin maiuuH, CMKTdKAeU taideng HacTO-fibHan .naMna — TP t a i b u c K a i e p T b t a i 1. noAHHTb; necTH 2. noBbicHTb (Hanp. yeny) — j t t a i t o u noAHHTb ro/iOBy M tai 1. 3apoAbiiii; njioa 2. K a M e p a ; noKpb'iuiKa } n s h i 1. HaMHHaTb; H a i a . n o 2. j i H i i i b r o r , a a s h i z h o n g o t Haqa.na ao KOHua; Bcer\na

boat, ship shipping; boats and ships shipyard 1. ship's hold 2. cabin 1. to follow (a pattern/etc.) 2. to trim (border/etc.); edge, border 3. along to skirt a bank/coast; littoral, riparian to continue to use (old methods, etc.) along the coast; coast; coastal, littoral lead pencil to negate, deny; nay, no otherwise, if not, or else to deny, repudiate to vote down, veto, overrule veto (power) to negate, deny; negation 1. platform, stage, terrace; stand, support 2. table, desk 3. station 4. Taiwan 5. (in letters) you 6. (M. for performances/engines/etc.) desk/table/reading lamp tablecloth 1. to lift, raise 2. to carry (together) 3. (slang) to betray 4. to argue 1. to raise one's head 2. to gain, go up 1. fetus, embryo 2. padding, stuffing 3. roughcast 4. (loan w.) tire 1. to begin, start 2. not...until, only then from beginning to end

80

;

5

H S f f a S S g Ê E É É i l B

ta yê

n/iâBHTb; pacn^iâBHTb y ë j î n n ^ â B H T b MeTaJui; MeTa^jiypn'mecKHH - ^ I J k y ë j î n g ô n g y è MeTajiJiyprna - f î f - y ë z h ù jiHTb, OTJiHBârb; JIHTbë y ë l i à n njiâBHTb fâ z h i 1. ynpaB^HTb; BéflaTb 2. j i e i H T b - S z h i l i I. ynpaB/isrrb 2. npHHOilHTb B nopHAOK zhîliâo jiemÎTb z h i b i n g jiemiTb; .neiéôh w h ; uejiéÔHbift z h i ' â n ycTaHOBHTb 06LuécTBeHHblH nOpflAOK f f y i n g 1. BoeHHbiH j r é r e p b 2. S a T a ^ b Ô H ; a h b h 3 H 6 H 3. npeanpHHHMâTb; npoMbiui•rtHTb; CTpÔHTb - i l k y i n g y è 1. n p e a n p H H T H e ; npÔMbiceJi 2. ToprÔBJiH — # y i n g y à n g nHTÉTbca; rinTaHHC; n H T â i e ^ b H b i f t y i n g f â n g Ka3âpMa W gong I . A B o p é u ; 3âMUK 2. x p a M ; MOHacTbipb gôngdiàn ^Bopéu S guân 1. m h h ô b h h k ; qmi 2.

npaBHTe^bCTBeHHbifi;

ro-

cyjxâ pcTBeHHbiH 3. ô p r a n b i qyBCTB — iS g u â n h u à I . otj)HUHâ^bhbin aabiK 2. r y a H b x y â (duÛA6KT

KUT.

to smelt metallurgy metallurgical Industry to smelt metals and cast utensils to smelt 1. to rule, administer 2. to treat, cure 3. to control 4. to eliminate 5. to study 1. to administer, govern 2. put in order, bring under control to treat, cure; treatment, cure to treat illness public order/security 1. to seek/strive for 2. to operate, run, manage 3. to nourish 4. camp, barracks 5. battalion to do business; business nutrition, nourishment barracks 1. palace 2. place for cultural activities and recreation 3. womb, uterus palace 1. government official, office holder 2. organ 3. government-owned, official 4. public 1. Chinese common language 2. Mandarin

X3blKd)

~ J j g u à n f à n g oijjHuHâjibHbie K p y r r i ; ocfmuHâjibHbiH — guânbën o({)nunâjibHoe H3AâHHe — fR g u â n b à o 1. o ^ H U H â j i b Hoe c o o ô m é H u e 2. npaBHTe^bCTBeHHan r a 3 é i a ; o(J)HUHÔ3

government; official 1. government share 2. official publication official journal

81

të fâ

ir

5 0 Hfjs guânyùn

no

HHe

1.

npoflBHwé-

cjiywôe,

Kapbépa

2. c-rcywéÔHbie n e p e B Ó 3 K n — ^ guânqi KaHueJiHpmHHa — ¿5 g u â n y u â n otjjHunâjibHoe ^HUÓ; AO^JKHOCTHb'ie ^HUa —féf g u â n l i â o ôropoKpaT guânliâozhùyi 6k>pOKp3TH3M t i g u â n 1. rocTHHHua; pecrop é H 2. ynpe>K.aéHne, K a H u e -

JIÂpHH ti g u à n

1.

rpyôâ;

Tpyôb!

2. y n p a B ^ H T b , Bé/iaTb 3. HMéTb OTHOIIléHHe K — 51 g u â n l i ynpaBJiflTb, 3aBéA O B a T b , pyKOBO.fl.HTb - S ® guânlijû ( ynpewdeHue )

ynpaB^éHHe

guànlichù ynpaB^éHue

KOHTÓpa;

g u â n x i â ynpaBJisiTb, BéflaTb; HMéTb B nOflMHHéHHH — flj guànzhi KOHTpOJTHpO* BaTb; KOHrpÓJib

g u à n z T p y ô â ; TpyÓKa ~ l j s g u â n s h i y n p a B ^ Â T b aenàmh; paôÔTaTb denuu)

0

(a

yKAâTb, nopHu â î b ; OÔBHHHTb — tjs' zhishi yKâ3biBaTb; yna3âHne ~ zhibiâo yKa33TeJib; hhAGKC — ? z h i l i n g AHpeKTHBa Bh z h i 1. )KHp, c â ^ o ; JKlipHblH 2. KpeM; noMâAa

commander fingernail to guide, direct (mil.) PLA political instructor to demonstrate, point out compass finger; toe to appoint, assign PLA officers and men to censure, criticize 1. to indicate, point out 2. to instruct 3. directions, instructions target, quota, norm, index to order, direct; order, instructions 1. fat, grease, tallow 2. rouge

88

5 MÔWSêl&fflÈl&Sffi® 6 ÏÏÊB6 z h i f a n g « H p , ca-rco # z h ë 1. TOT, K O T Ó p b l f l ; TO,

fat (nominal suf.) one who

ito 2. cy