The Athenian Agora : results of excavations conducted by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. Vol. 33, Hellenistic pottery : the plain wares 9780876612330, 0876612338

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Hellenistic Pottery: The Plain Wares Author(s): Susan I. Rotroff Source: The Athenian Agora, Vol. 33, Hellenistic Pottery: The Plain Wares (2006), pp. iii-iv, vii -ix, xi-xxi, xxiii-xxxvii, 1, 3-53, 55-67, 69-223, 225-239, 241, 243-337, 339, 341-377, 379-391, 393-399, 401-403, 405-407, 409-429, 431-438 Published by: American School of Classical Studies at Athens Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25481903 Accessed: 12/02/2010 09:11 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=ascsa. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].

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THE

AGORA

ATHENIAN

RESULTS OF EXCAVATIONS CONDUCTED THE AMERICAN

BY

SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL

STUDIES AT ATHENS

VOLUME XXXIII

HELLENISTIC

POTTERY

THE PLAIN WARES BY SUSAN

THE AMERICAN

I. ROTROFF

SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL

STUDIES AT ATHENS

NEW JERSEY 2006

PRINCETON,

? The American

Library Rotroff,

of Congress Susan

of Classical

School

at Athens,

Studies

2006

Data

Cataloging-in-Publication 1947

L,

: the wares / by Susan pottery plain cm. ? ;v. 33) (The Athenian p. Agora index. references and Includes bibliographical ISBN-13: 978-0-87661-233-0 (alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-87661-233-8 (alk. paper)

I. Rotroff.

1. Pottery,

Hellenistic? 2. Pottery, 4. Cookware?Greece?Athens.

Hellenistic

Catalogs. 5. Agora

Hellenistic?Expertising?Greece?Athens. 3. Ceramic tableware?Greece?Athens. Greece)

(Athens,

DF287.A23A5

I. Title.

II. Series.

vol. 33

[NK3840] 938'.5

s?dc22

2006040782

[738.30938]

typography 6-8

charlton printed

by

edwards

brothers,

by ascsa street,

in the

publications new

princeton,

united incorporated,

states

of ann

jersey america arbor,

michigan

PREFACE

volume completes the primary publication of the Hellenistic pottery of the Agora. an with XXII and most it of of the ceramics used overview XXIX, Together Agora provides This by Athenians from the later 4th to the 1st century B.C. I began the project in 1972; it has taken over 30 years to complete it, and I have enjoyed much generous help and support along the Iwould

way.

to express

like

my

to past

gratitude

and

of

directors

present

the excavations

for

in assigning this material tome and their support in the completion of this lengthy undertaking. T. Leslie Shear Jr. invited me to embark upon this study and, together

their confidence with

Homer

II, has

A. Thompson,

helped

supporting

my guided assistance

by providing the research through

earliest from

director, John McK. staff of the Agora Publication Agora

the volunteer

among of a Kress

the award

current

The

work.

Foundation

Camp and by Grant,

allowed me to spend eight months inAthens in 1999-2000, during the final phase of was Additional financial in analysis. support generously provided by the Solow Foundation the summer of 1998. I am also beholden toWashington me which has University, provided

which

an annual

with cost

of

activation

that

covered

miscellaneous many in reported Appendixes

analyses

friends and scholars have helped me with

Many leen

who

Lynch, in the pottery and

dirty,

account

research

the neutron

me

assisted

sample. dreary work

deposit

often

summer

in the This

was

another

I am grateful

tedious

job, in which

area

One

of

checking I have been

Studies

Planetary

student

dergraduate with pottery adventure ness

In another

deeply interdisciplinary their expertise and

of

the

context

task

into

something

approach

numbers

in the on

of others

is in the

of Earth

together

experience, with

equipment

the

Summaries.

and Jill Pasteris of the Department

dependent

spectroscopy.

Deposit

undertook

with

experimental To all three and someone

to

expertise Rachel

Popelka, of examination

of

them

I am

and

then

an un

some

of

the

for

the

grateful for their

Jill Brigitte far outside their

field.

willing I would

to undertake a large petrographic study, but Iwas unable to find a petrographer take on the project; James Stoltman of the took University of Wisconsin-Madison a and studied small sample of my wares, simply out of the kindness of his large the curiosity of his lively mind. field

to understand

the dating

the top of the list isKath

examination

Smith, who with equal willingness

University, undertook

of a

to share

have liked willing to pity on me heart and me

Raman

Washington at the university, laser microprobe

a tedious

turned

the many

especially

at

the

which involved undertaking, long, hard, the Stoa of Attalos, unpacking, vacuuming, never (which, pottery inevitably, quite fits back of meticulous standard work enhanced the value

scientific analysis of the fabrics. Brigitte Wopenka and

with

the

including

of

also to Christine

the

this study. Near 1998

expenses, and B.

an enormous

in the basement

and sorting, recording, counting, repacking into the tins whence it came). Kathleen's of the data recovered, and her cheerfulness

ing a pleasure.

of

A

in which

I can make

the implications

of Athenian

bronze

no

claim

to

expertise?numismatics?Jack

of the revision of the Rhodian

coinage.

amphora

Kroll

helped

chronology

for

viii

The number the material

of people not

does

have

read

and

and

amphoras Summaries

provided

in advance of the publication me

her

on

work

of

transport

the braziers,

of

Lawall

helped

Gerald

valuable me

saving me to

of

I have

Isthmia.

is intimately

advice. Odile an many the archive

from

negotiate read a draft

also

of my for Rhodian

from

benefited

the material

with

familiar

has

and

the

amphoras?but

Finkielsztejn his new chronology

about

small?obviously

em of

Deposit stamps,

shared with

of his book. Similarly, Virginia Anderson-Stojanovic

the beehives who

Edwards,

Roger

and many

at the stamps Agora. me with information

amphora

and

is relatively

of them have offered me

on my account Koehler and Mark

Carolyn

or even

of red-figure

commented

error.

barrassing

in the study of plain pottery

the appeal

its experts,

field has produced Didelot

engaged

PREFACE

with

correspondence a constant been

source

of ideas, insights, and unlikely bibliography. He has passed on tome many notes and papers, including detailed analyses of the stratigraphy of many of the deposits, which have been of the Deposit Summaries. especial help in compiling Hellenistic

Much cially

aid

important was

generous to Jean-Yves and to Cecile

Levine

Tikva

time, expertise, and Marie-Dominique

Empereur for Harlaut an

me

gave

and

her

with

extensive

access

and

unpublished, at many sites.

is a cru

to this material as

Corinth,

thanks to directors Charles Williams

and its storerooms, particular, I am grateful Alexandria,

remains pottery plain to me that was offered

always,

its doors

opened

in

and Guy Sanders; Nancy Bookidis, to the

visits

my during for facilitating my the French excavations

hospitality Nenna

me from pottery showing tour of the rich ceramic trove

site. to

visit there.

at Tel Marisa,

excavated

showed Dalit Regev shared with me her work on ceramics at Akko, and Malka Hershkovitz me Hellenistic pottery from Tel Dan. I have also learned much about fabrics and the pitfalls of

scientific

an

these

and

are

to find,

difficult

as

was

always,

but

a rich

Iwas

source.

also

able

of Many to several

material. comparative access to have fortunate

been

I have

ideas.

School of Classi

strengths. The Blegen Library of the American

libraries with complementary cal Studies,

on

conferences

periodic

and

of information exchange source of richest the

the

remain

however,

articles,

publications

for

forum

important

The

Blonde.

Francine

and Yannis Tourat (Stella Drougou by Greek archaeologists field in have the this active area) enormously and opened up

Hellenistic pottery organized been particularly have soglou provided Books

with

in conversations

analysis

to find many

important

of

publications

in the libraries of Jerusalem: at the Albright Institute, the Rockefeller Near Eastern material and Hebrew University, all of which were the Ecole biblique et archeologique, Museum, and

welcoming Books

can

provide

to Andrea

indebted whose

places models

fascinating

also

Berlin's the

scheme

for

had

the good

to work. for

publication of

presentation

of material.

the presentation

of the plain ceramics I have

shapes

and

borrowed

I am heavily

In this respect

of Tel Anafa

(TelAnafa

adapted

to

II.l),

the Agora

material. I have

luck

to find

excellent

had the plain I began this project, pottery more or less undisturbed, for a the Agora, as or that the shellac of 1981, earthquake Stamatatou Maria the excavation degraded. and each vessel and vacuuming removing

at the Agora When excavations. support of on open in the basement shelves sitting in the either Much had been broken, generation. as adhesive in the earlier used had been days of technical

been

assisted cleaning

reorganization shelves. George

the retrieval of large and heavy vessels and storage containers Stoa

Conservation

basement.

rial and of older damaged also

offered

the

ceramics

of materials, procedure

advice

on

(though and use for

testing

and

of

restoration

objects, were overseen

of

in the the

the vessels,

perched both

on high

of newly

by Alice Paterakis

a wide

Dervos

of

some

of

the

fabrics.

collection,

helped

with

shelves in the mate

inventoried

and Julie Unruh.

of topics?the proper labeling, handling, range none the current of us is happy with solutions), storage a few?and to name of the binocular just microscope, the porosity

the

They

storage identification

of

devised

a

and

Julie

ix

PREFACE

are included in this volume, almost all of the material some archival photographs Although near the end was rephotographed by Craig Mauzy and (until the digital revolution occurred, of the project) the photographs were printed by Kyriaki Moustaki. Likewise, although many vessels

had

been

vessels

to be revised had of those drawings many draftspersons, as many was to it illustrate however, Since, my goal myself. a was needed. This was deal of additional drafting good

by earlier I undertook

drawn

a

and

reinked, project as with possible

drawings,

both of them artists with infinitely more undertaken by Sylvie Dumont and Anne Hooton, talent and patience for pottery illustration than myself. The plan of the Agora, with deposits was made

marked,

by Samantha

B. Dinsmoor

William The

overlapped interface

the

satisfactorily new many

the meeting

been

also

Several of my stays in Athens out more

to my

attention, "late-afternoon

of iced tea or as we trudged homeward of

port,

that journey, to offer ready

earlier

with

those of John Hayes, which

Carol Stein of the Publications eye eagle excellent

for

shepherded errors and

suggestions all her sense

above

for

the manuscript inconsistencies, the clearer

of humor

a can be. thing I would like to extend

Office

made

us to sort

enabled

material.

sense

his phenomenal pottery crew" of pottery people?Mark a board for ideas, sounding

friends.

and

the Roman

and

and

John

as

was,

always, Kathleen Lawall, over a discussed glass

Street at the end of the day. And at the

up Hadrian

care

the manuscript with extraordinary to its materially improvement. she

and

Anderson

colleagues

for me, was my husband, Bob Lamberton, waiting a ear and advice on whatever small sympathetic

read

guide

congenial

the Hellenistic

intellectual, I had encountered during the day. I owe special thanks to Andrea Berlin, Kathleen

as

by Richard

drawings

for

place

between

brought pieces an The regular inspiration. and Lynch, John Papadopoulos?provided end

on

Jr.

has

excavation

based

Martin,

an

problem,

practical

Slane, and Natalia Vogeikoff-Brogan,

and made

many

of the American

of

the material.

stage

of

A woman

process. of both, Her

this project

who

contributed

to be an invaluable

School proved

the editorial through she saved me from many

presentation the editorial

that

suggestions

sup or

unwavering

with

and made

an

several

wisdom, expertise, as close to a pleasure

and as

such

special

thanks

to four members

of

staff who

the Agora

made

par

to this project. It is, of course, their job to support the work ticularly significant contributions of Agora scholars; but each has been willing to go well beyond the call of duty to help my work

and

I want

most

smoothly,

of

the

of the vessels published

and

Jan, for your each day.

them

to know

I it. Sylvie Dumont, As appreciate the that illustrate this book and excavation, many Registrar drawings access to the material. one of the also helped with She is forces behind day-to-day moving the computerization of the that is work with of inventory increasingly making large numbers easier. Anne of the also contributed of Hooton, Agora objects Draftsperson Agora, drawings at a sometimes short and me with flair. She has much notice, objects, always glorious taught as someone about and with wide of she and, excavations, drawing inking many experience to offer on ways of has been able advice and of arti ways working illustrating archaeological facts. Jan Jordan, of the excavation and custodian of its fields and coordi records, Secretary nates the queries, and other of staff and activities scholars and demands, complaints, visiting no one remains ever the fact that a task lets her finish calm, despite always uninterrupted. of the of a Stoa in who workweek of gargantuan Attalos, Craig Mauzy, Manager puts pro coordinated a in time of my photographic portions, requests rapidly changing technology, to accommodate and was new last-minute orders. The he produced of always quick images go

sociate

made

here

truly bring

how

much

of

the objects

to life. Thank

for your many of work, hours for your Sylvie, patience, and and for the company friendship, making Agora

your a

place

ideas, I was

you, Annie, and

Craig,

talents, your come to to eager

CONTENTS

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xv LIST OF TABLES

xxi

xxiii

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND ABBREVIATIONS PART I:GENERAL OVERVIEW 1.

3

INTRODUCTION

2. FABRICS

13

3. DESCRIPTIVE OVERVIEW AND CONCLUSIONS

55

PART II: SHAPE STUDIES 4. HOUSEHOLD WARE 69 69

JUGS CHOUS (OINOCHOE, SHAPE 3) TREFOIL JUG: SPLIT RIM 71 OTHER TREFOIL JUGS MUSHROOM JUG 72

69

71 RIM

HELLENISTIC

JUG,

FORM

1: TIE-ON

HELLENISTIC

JUG,

FORM

2: THICKENED

73 HANDLE

RIM, HEAVY

76

OTHER LONG-NECKED JUGS 77 HELLENISTIC JUG, FORM 3: HIGH-SWUNG HANDLE 77 HELLENISTIC JUG, FORM 4: ROUND-MOUTH JUG NARROW-NECKED JUGS 79

78

ASKOS 79 BASKET-HANDLED

WATER

JUG

81

HYDRIA 82 LAGYNOS 82 AMPHORAS AMPHORA,

85 FORM

1: NARROW

NECK,

HANDLES

JOIN

BELOW

RIDGE

AMPHORA, FORM 2: NARROW NECK, HANDLES JOIN AT RIDGE AMPHORA, FORM 3: LATE CLASSICAL TABLE AMPHORA 87 AMPHORA, FORM 4: MINIATURE PELIKE 87 AMPHORA, FORM 5: ANGULAR BODY 88 AMPHORA, FORM 6: LARGE, WITH RIDGED HANDLES AMPHORA, FORM 7: LIDDED STORAGE AMPHORA 89 OTHER AMPHORAS

89

88

85

86

xii

CONTENTS

FUNNELS 90 FUNNEL, FORM 1: PROJECTING RIM FUNNEL, FORM 2: OUTTURNED RIM OTHER FUNNELS

90 91

92

VESSELS FOR LONG-TERM STORAGE 92 STORAGE BIN, FORM 1; RIM WITH EXTERNAL FLANGE 94 STORAGE BIN, FORM 2: RIM WITH NO FLANGE 95 STORAGE BIN, FORM 3: RIM WITH INTERNAL FLANGE OTHER LARGE STORAGE VESSELS 97

96

PITHOS LIDS 98 MINIATURE PITHOS?

98

MORTARS 99 HELLENISTIC MORTAR, FORM 1: PIECRUST HANDLES HELLENISTIC MORTAR, FORM 2: LUG HANDLES 102 HELLENISTIC MORTAR, FORM 3: BOLSTER HANDLES SERVING DISH (ESCHARA) 103

100 103 105

KRATERS KRATER, STANDARD FORM 105 OTHER KRATERS 108 LEKANAI 108 LEKANE, FORM 1:OFFSET RIM, UPTURNED HANDLES LEKANE, FORM 2: SHALLOW 110 LEKANE,

FORM

3: DEEP

LEKANE,

FORM

4: SHALLOW,

109

111 THUMBPRINT

HANDLES

112

OTHER LEKANAI 114 114

BOWLS DEEP BOWL 114 SHALLOW BOWL 114 SMALL BOWLS 115

116

BASINS

HEAVY BASINS 116 SHALLOW SPOUTED BASIN 116 DEEP SPOUTED BASIN 117 118

LIDS MISCELLANEOUS LIDS 118 FENESTRATED LID 118 TWO-HANDLED LID/BOWL

120 121

STANDS LOW STAND 121 AMPHORA STAND 122 OTHER HOUSEHOLD-WARE VESSELS BEEHIVES 124 STANDARD FORM 124 OTHER FORMS 129 DISCUSSION 130

122

xiii

CONTENTS

POTTER'S EQUIPMENT 131 POTTER'S WHEEL 132 KILN FURNITURE

133

5. VESSELS FOR OIL AND UNGUENTS

135

SMALL SHAPES, MOSTLY OF BLISTER WARE

135

ARYBALLOS 136 OTHER SHAPES 137 FUSIFORM UNGUENTARIA

137

GRAY UNGUENTARIUM

140

UNGUENTARIA OF OTHER FABRICS

157

OTHER OIL AND UNGUENT CONTAINERS

160

MINIATURE AMPHORAS 160 PHOENICIAN AMPHORISKOS RADISH JAR VIAL

161

162 163

SMALL ONE-HANDLED JUGS 163 SMALL HANDLELESS POTS 164 6. COOKING WARE

165

CHYTRAI CHYTRA,

165 FORM

1: ONE-HANDLED,

LIDLESS

OTHER ONE-HANDLED CHYTRAI

167

169

CHYTRA, FORM 2: ONE DOUBLE HANDLE, LIDDED CHYTRA,

FORM

3: ONE

CHYTRA,

FORM

4: TWO-HANDLED,

VERTICAL

RIM

CHYTRA,

FORM

5: TWO-HANDLED,

LIDDED

173

CHYTRA,

FORM

6: TWO-HANDLED,

COLLAR

ROPE

HANDLE,

LIDDED

169

170

RIM

172

174

CHYTRA, FORM 7: ONE VERTICAL AND ONE HORIZONTAL HANDLE CHYTRA,

FORM

8: FLAT-RIMMED

CHYTRA,

FORM

9: WIDE-RIMMED

175 176

OTHER TWO-HANDLED, GLOBULAR CHYTRAI CHYTRA,

FORM

10: TWO-HANDLED,

LIDLESS

176 177

CHYTRA, FORM 11: BAGGY, HORIZONTAL HANDLES LOPADES

178 178

LOPAS, FORM 1:UPTURNED HANDLES, ROUNDED BOTTOM 179 LOPAS, FORM 2: UPTURNED HANDLES, FLAT BOTTOM 180 LOPAS,

FORM

3: ENGAGED

LOPAS,

FORM

4: STRAIGHT-SIDED,

HANDLES,

FLAT BOTTOM TWO HANDLES

LOPAS, FORM 5: STRAIGHT-SIDED, NO HANDLES OTHER LOPADES 186 PANS AND PARCHERS 186 PARCHER 187 PAN,

FORM

1: PLAIN,

WITH

HANDLES

188

PAN, FORM 2: PLAIN, WITHOUT HANDLES 190 PAN, FORM 3: PLAIN, TUBE HANDLES 190 PAN,

FORM

4: FLANGED

RIM

191

180 183

183

175

xiv

CONTENTS

PAN, FORM 5: GROOVED FLOOR 191 PAN, FORM 6: ORLO BIFIDO PAN 192 FORM

PAN,

7: FRYING

OTHER PANS

PAN

194

195

LIDS

195

LID, FORM 1: DOMED 196 LID, FORM 2: POLISHED 196 LID, FORM 3: LOW 197 LID, FORM 4: DOMED, WITH LARGE KNOB LID, FORM 5: CONICAL 198

197

LID, FORM 6: FLAT,WITH FINGER MARKS 198 OTHER LIDS 199 BRAZIERS AND COOKING STANDS

199

BRAZIER ON STAND, THREE MOLDMADE SUPPORTS BRAZIERWITH PLAIN, HANDMADE SUPPORTS 219 HORSESHOE COOKING STAND

200

220

OTHER BRAZIERS AND COOKING STANDS

221

OTHER COOKING EQUIPMENT 222 SUMMARY OF SHAPE CHRONOLOGIES 225 PART III: CATALOGUE 243 HOUSEHOLD WARE 245 VESSELS FOR OIL AND UNGUENTS COOKING WARE

286

303

PART IV:DEPOSIT SUMMARIES 341 APPENDIXES: ANALYSES OF CERAMIC SAMPLES A. INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS OF CERAMICS FROM

THE ATHENIAN

AGORA,

byHector

Neff

and Michael

D. Glascock

379

B. INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS OF UNGUENTARIA AND ATTIC FINE WARE FROM THE ATHENIAN AGORA, byHector C. RAMAN by Brigitte

Neff

and Michael

LASER

D. Glascock

393

MICROPROBE SPECTROSCOPY, Rachel S. Popelka, Jill D. Pasteris,

Wopenka,

D. PETROGRAPHIC ANALYSIS

and Susan

I. Rotroff

405

CONCORDANCES AGORA EXCAVATIONS INVENTORY NUMBERS

409 424

COINS KNIDIAN TYPE (KT) NUMBERS 426 MURR SAMPLE NUMBERS AND AGORA SAMPLE NUMBERS INDEXES GENERAL INDEX 431 DEPOSIT INDEX 439 GREEK INDEX 441

427

401

ILLUSTRATIONS

MAPS jug, Form 1 75

of Hellenistic

1. Distribution

terracotta

2.

Distribution

of

beehives

3.

Distribution

of pseudo-Cypriot

4.

Distribution

of 3rd-century

127

gray

ware

of blister

made

amphoras

1 and

(Categories

unguentaria

and

gray

2)

147

fabric

unguentarium

143

of lopades of Forms 4 and 5 185

5. Distribution

CHARTS 1.

Household

fabrics fabrics

Cooking

3.

Relative

4.

Overview

of household

5.

Overview

of

6.

Relative

7.

Relative

8.

Jugs

9.

Amphoras

10.

Funnels

representation

of

in deposit

Chronological

12.

Lekanai

13.

Fabrics

15.

Average

16.

Cooking-pot

17.

Local

storage

bowls

small

number

forms

19.

forms

Lopas

20.

Parcher

21.

Cooking-ware

22.

Braziers

and

and

forms

pan lids

in deposit

cooking

stands

and

in deposit

23.

Chronological

ranges

of jugs

24.

Chronological

ranges

of

25.

Chronological

ranges

of funnels

Chronological

ranges

of mortars

27.

Chronological

ranges

of

28.

Chronological

ranges

of

29.

Chronological

ranges

of various

166

Catalogue

187

196

inventory and

inventory

bins

228

229

serving

dish

and

lekanai

and

bowls

household

167

179 inventory

sample

storage

uninventoried) 166

Catalogue

227 and

152

graves

and

226

amphoras

26.

and

and

and

sample

Street

and

inventory sample

107

inventory

109

inventory

inventory, and

in deposit

62

91

(inventoried

inventory,

sample

sample

forms

inventory

141

deposit

sample,

sample,

in deposit

in the

and

sample

inventory

in the Lenormant

per

in deposit

in deposit

containers

(excluding

vessels

inventory

in deposit and

inventory

and

in deposit

types

inventory

and

sample

in the

of unguentaria

in the

water-jug

85

inventory

sample

at the Agora

52-53

70

of kraters

in deposit

temper,

cooking

37

inventory

and Hellenistic

fabrics

imported

in deposit

unguentaria

unguentaria

chytra

and

sample bins

Pink

buff,

fabrics

and

inventory

distribution

and of

local

and

sample

and

Chytra

shapes

in the

fabrics

cooking

in characterized

of household

11.

18.

cooking

37

inventory

in Pinkish

shapes

17

inventory

of characterized

representation

in deposit

Gray

in the

represented

representation

14.

in the

represented

2.

krater

230

231 shapes

232

201

155

fabrics

and

50-51

unguentaria)

62

ILLUSTRATIONS

xvi 30.

Chronological

ranges

of gray

31.

Chronological

ranges

of various

34.

ranges

of parchers

ranges

of cooking-ware

ranges

of braziers

Chronological

36.

Chronological

236 and

237

pans

238

lids

and

between

Relationship

in Pinkish buff fabric 1

22

4. Shapes made 5. Shapes made

in Pinkish buff fabric 2

23

in Pinkish buff fabric 3

24

Shapes made 7. Shapes made

in Pink temper fabric 1 26 in Pink temper fabrics 2 and 3

3.

6.

8. 9. 10.

Shapes

made

in Hellenistic

Shapes

made

in Classical

Shapes

made

in Micaceous

12.

Shapes

27

38

fabric

cooking

40

fabric

cooking

in Schist

made

perhaps

41

46 in Lopas 5 cooking fabric 47 fabric in Slate cooking

15. Shapes made 16. Shapes made

in Gritty ochre cooking fabric 48 in Pan 1 cooking fabric dates

of different

of unguentaria

Comparison

42

fabric

cooking

13. Shapes made 14. Shapes made

17.

48

with

the

same

PCA

of Principal

biplot

in the Athenian

determined A. 2. Bivariate

of

plot

Athenian

Agora

A.3.

Bivariate

plot

B.l.

PCA

Agora

thorium

and

of calcium

of Principal

D.l. D.2.

Bivariate Ternary Ternary

in the Household-fabric

concentrations

plot

of

Agora and

calcium

fine wares

and Attic

of matrix,

sand,

and

temper

diagram

of matrix,

sand,

and

silt

in body

in paste

of

of

samples 407 samples

jug:

split

rim

trefoil jugs. Mushroom jug 3. Hellensitic jug, Form 1: disk foot (Pinkish buff fabric)

2. Other 4.

Hellenistic

5. Hellenistic

from

jug,

Form

1: disk

foot

Agora

samples

(Hellenistic

matrix

water-jug

jug, Form 1: disk foot (Pink temper fabric)

fabric)

for

32 elements

395

in the Athenian

concentrations

diagram

Chous.Trefoil

Athenian

the variance-covariance

2 of

FIGURES 1.

samples

387

unguentaria thorium

in the MURR

concentrations

1 and

Components

in Athenian

determined B.2.

32 elements

the

386

samples in the BNL Greek database biplot

for

385

samples

scandium

and

sodium

matrix

the variance-covariance

2 of

1 and

Components

156

capacities

FIGURES

APPENDIX A.l.

11

Catalogue

30

fabric

water-jug

in Schist cooking fabric

11. Shapes made

and

19

inAttic fine fabric

2. Shapes made Shapes made

ILLUSTRATIONS

inventory,

sample,

deposit

239

stands

cooking

TEXT 1.

234

containers

unguent

235

ranges of chytrai ranges of lopades

Chronological

and

oil

32. Chronological 33. Chronological 35.

233

unguentaria

Agora 407

samples

396

along

with

ILLUSTRATIONS

xvii

6. Hellenistic

jug, Form 1: disk foot (other fabrics) and ring foot (Pink temper fabric) jug,

7.

Hellenistic

8.

Hellenistic

9.

Other

jug,

Form

1: ring

Form

2

long-necked

10.

Hellenistic

jug,

11.

Hellenistic

jug,

12.

Hellenistic

13.

Askos

3

jug,

Form

4: flat bottom

Form

4: ring

14.

Basket-handled

water

Basket-handled

water

16.

Lagynos Lagynos

18.

Lagynos

19.

Forms

1 and

Amphora,

Forms

3-6

21.

Amphora,

22.

Other

foot jugs

23.

Funnel,

Form

24.

Storage

bin,

Form

1

25.

Storage

bin,

Form

1

Storage

bin,

Form

1

2

7. Other

amphoras 1

Form

Funnel,

amphoras.

disk

Narrow-necked

jug. Hydria

Amphora,

Form

and

foot.

jug

20.

26.

fabrics)

(other

jugs Form

15.

17.

foot

2. Other

funnels

27. Storage bin, Form 2 (large) Forms

28.

Storage

29.

Large

30.

Classical

31.

Hellenistic

mortar,

Form

1

32.

Hellenistic

mortar,

Form

1

33.

Hellenistic

mortar,

Forms

bin,

2

vessel.

storage mortar.

and

(small) Pithos

3. Other

Hellenistic

2 and

pithos?

Form

mortar,

storage

large

lids. Miniature

1

3

34. Serving dish 35. Serving dish 36.

Krater,

standard

form:

37.

Krater,

standard

form:

38.

Krater,

standard

form:

39.

Other

40.

Lekane,

Form

41.

kraters.

disk, ring

foot

ring

and

unknown

foot

Lekane,

Form

1

Lekane,

Form

2

43.

Lekane,

Form

3

44.

Lekane,

Form

3

45.

Lekane,

Form

3 4

4: flat bottom

:

Lekane,

Form

47.

Lekane,

Form

48.

Lekane,

Form

4: recessed

49.

Lekane,

Form

4: heavy

50.

bowl.

Deep

ring

Shallow

Shallow

bowl:

ring

52.

Shallow

bowl:

small

Heavy

basins

54.

Heavy

basin

Heavy

basin.

55. 56.

Lid.

57.

Stands.

58.

Beehive

Fenestrated Other

and

1

disk

base;

foot

flat, decorated

disk

rim

rim. Other

decorated

wall,

bowl:

51.

53.

foot

1

42.

46.

unknown

unknown

Form

Lekane,

and

ring, and

lekanai

foot

foot

Shallow

and

footless.

spouted

lid. Two-handled household-ware

Small

basin.

bowls

Deep lid/bowl

vessels

spouted

basin

vessels

xviii 59.

Beehive,

extension

60.

Blister

61.

Amphoras

cover.

and

ring,

and

oversize

equipment

(gray ware)

unguentaria

gray

unguentarium,

Categories

63.

Small

gray

unguentarium,

Categories

64.

Small

gray

unguentarium,

Category

65.

Small

gray

unguentarium,

Categories

66.

Domed-mouth

67.

Other

unguentaria

68.

Other

unguentaria.

69.

Phoenician

70.

Phoenician

Miniature

Chytra,

Form

1. Other

Forms

2 and

Chytra,

74.

Chytra, Chytra,

3 and

4

wasters?

6-8;

unguentaria

amphoras

Radish

amphoriskos.

Chytra,

73.

2

amphoriskos

1

72.

1 and

5

Other

unguentarium.

Form

71.

75.

Potter's

ware

Small

62.

ILLUSTRATIONS

Small

jar. Vial.

one-handled

one-handled

jugs.

chytrai

3

Form

3 variants

Form

5

Form

and

4

76. Chytra, Forms 5 and 6 Forms

7-9

77.

Chytra,

78.

Other

two-handled,

globular

chytrai

79.

Other

two-handled,

globular

chytrai

80.

Chytra,

81.

Chytra,

82.

Lopas,

83.

Lopas,

84.

Lopas,

Form

10

Forms

85.

Lopas,

86.

Parcher.

11

10 and

Forms

1-3

Form

3

Form

3 variants

Form

5. Other

87.

Pan,

Forms

88.

Pan,

Form

89.

lopades

2-4 5

Pan,

Forms

6 and

90.

Lid,

Forms

1-4

91.

Lid,

Forms

5 and

92.

Brazier

(Quartz

93.

Brazier

(Schist

7. Other

pans

lids

6. Other

fabric)

cooking

fabric)

cooking

94. Brazier

(Schist cooking fabric)

95.

Brazier

(other

96.

Horseshoe

97.

Other

98.

Plan

cooking

with

Brazier

fabrics).

cooking of

4

1

Form

Pan,

Form

and

stand.

Other

plain

braziers

supports and

stands

cooking

equipment

the Athenian

Agora

the

showing

locations

of

the deposits

PLATES 1.

Chous.

2.

Mushroom

Trefoil

jug:

split

rim

and

other

jug

5. Hellenistic

jug, Form 1: disk foot (Pinkish buff fabric) jug, Form 1: disk foot (Hellenistic water-jug fabric) jug, Form 1: disk foot (Pink temper and other fabrics)

6. Hellenistic

jug, Form 1: ring foot (Pink temper fabric)

3. Hellenistic 4. Hellenistic

7.

Hellenistic

jug,

Form

1: ring

8.

Hellenistic

jug,

Form

2

9.

Other

long-necked

jugs

foot

(other

fabrics)

Small

handleless

pots

ILLUSTRATIONS jug, Form 3 jug, Form 4

10. Hellenistic 11. Hellenistic 12.

Hellenistic

13.

Askos.

14.

Basket-handled

15.

Hydria.

16.

Lagynos

Form

jug,

4. Narrow-necked water

Basket-handled water

Lagynos Amphora,

Forms

1-3

19.

Amphora,

Forms

4-7

20.

Other

21.

Funnel.

Storage

22.

amphoras 1

Form

bin, 1

Storage

bin,

Form

23.

Storage

bin,

Forms

24.

Miniature

25.

Hellenistic

26.

Hellenistic

27.

Hellenistic

2 and

3. Other

pithos?

Classical

mortar.

mortar,

Form

mortar,

Forms

mortar,

Form

storage

large

Hellenistic

Pithos

vessels.

Form

mortar,

lids 1

1 1 and

2

3. Serving

dish

dish

Serving

29.

Serving

dish.

30.

Krater,

standard

form:

31.

Krater,

standard

form: form:

standard

Krater,

32.

Krater,

standard

33.

Lekane,

Form

1

34.

1

Lekane,

Form

35.

Lekane,

Forms

36.

Lekane,

Form

37.

2 and

disk

form:

foot

ring

and

unknown

foot

ring

and

unknown

foot

ring

foot.

Other

kraters

3

3

Lekane,

Form

3

38.

Lekane,

Form

4

39.

Lekane,

Form

4

40.

Lekane,

Form

4. Other

41.

Shallow

bowl

42.

Small

43.

Heavy

basin

Heavy

basins.

Shallow basin

45.

jug

Lagynos

18.

44.

Askos

jugs.

jug

17.

28.

xix

lekanai.

Deep

bowl.

Shallow

bowl

bowls

Deep

spouted

46.

Lid.

Fenestrated

47.

Stands.

lid. Two-handled

Other

48.

Beehive,

49.

Potter's

50.

Blister-ware

51.

Amphoras

basin

spouted

lid/bowl

household-ware

extension

ring, Blister

equipment.

vessels and

cover

ware

amphoras and

(blister

unguentarium

and

52.

Small

gray

unguentarium,

Categories

1-3

53.

Small

gray

unguentarium,

Categories

4-6

54.

Small

gray

unguentarium,

Category

55.

Other

unguentaria

56.

Other

unguentaria

57.

Other

unguentaria

58.

Miniature

59.

Phoenician

60.

Radish

amphoras.

Phoenician

gray ware)

8; wasters?

Domed-mouth

unguentarium.

amphoriskos

amphoriskos jar. Vial.

61.

Chytra,

Form

62.

Chytra,

Forms

Small 1 1-3

one-handled

jugs.

Small

handleless

pots

Other

unguentaria

xx 63.

Chytra,

Form

3 variants

64.

Chytra,

Form

5

65.

Chytra,

Forms

66.

Other

Form

4

6-9

two-handled,

67.

Chytra,

Form

68.

Lopas,

Forms

69.

Lopas,

Form

70.

Parcher.

71.

Pan,

Forms

1-5

Pan,

Forms

6 and

72.

and

ILLUSTRATIONS

globular

Form

Chytra,

10

1

3

2 and

3 variants, Form

Pan,

chytrai.

Form

10. Lopas,

Forms

4 and

5. Other

lopades

1

7

73. Lids fabric):

man

with

pointed

cap

cooking

fabric):

man

with

pointed

cap, wreathed

cooking

fabric):

wreathed

(Quartz

cooking

fabric):

satyr with

onkos

(Quartz

cooking

fabric):

satyr with

onkos

Brazier

(Quartz

cooking

fabric):

bull,

74.

Brazier

75.

Brazier

(Quartz

76.

Brazier

(Quartz

77.

Brazier

78.

Brazier

79.

(Quartz

cooking

man

papposilenos,

rosette,

80.

Brazier

(Schist

cooking

fabric):

81.

Brazier

(Schist

cooking

fabric):

satyr with

onkos

82.

Brazier

(Schist

cooking

fabric):

satyr with

onkos,

83.

Brazier

(other

fabrics).

84.

Brazier

(other

fabrics)

85.

Braziers:

backs

of

with

thunderbolt.

pointed

Brazier

88.

Brazier

89.

Horseshoe

90.

Other

(Schist with

and

cap, wreathed

pornoboskos,

Molds

supports

plain cooking

cooking

other

cooking

fabrics)

supports stand.

equipment

Other

braziers

and

cooking

onkos

Stands

86. Brazier (Quartz and Schist cooking fabrics) 87.

papposilenos

satyr with

stands

papposilenos

palmette.

Stand

TABLES

1. Uninventoried 2.

Summary

3.

and

Fabrics

Imported

on

Performed

Analyses

Agora

Plain Wares

of Household-Ware

Distribution Vessels

6. 7.

Objects Made of Pinkish Buff Fabric 21 Objects Made of Pink Temper Fabric 25

8.

Vessels

of Attic

Made

Objects

Distribution

12.

Vessels

in Different

Shapes Fabric

of Hellenistic

Made

10.

Fine

Fabrics

17-18

Fabric

and Atypical

29 Fabrics

34-35

of Cooking-Ware Shapes in Different Fabrics 11. Vessels Made of Classical Cooking Fabric 38 13.

Imported

14.

1. Group

of Gray

Group

on

Fabrics

36

39 44

in the Agora

by Category

Inventory

153

215

Information

Descriptive

Athenian and

Assignments

Fabrics

Cooking

of Various

Unguentaria

and

of MURR

Schist

Made

Braziers

Assignments

Comparison

and

Vessels

Cooking

Inscriptions

A. 2. B.l.

of Micaceous

Representation

15.

A.

Made

10

19

Water-Jug

of Nonstandard

Sample

15

5.

Made

in the Deposit

14

4.

9.

in Deposits

Vessels Identified and Counted

of Local

Agora

for Athenian

Specimens Information

Descriptive

to Four

Agora Greek

for Athenian

Samples

Analyzed

Compositional

Agora

at MURR 390-391

Groups

Unguentaria

and Attic

Fine-Ware

Samples Analyzed at MURR 397 B.2.

Comparison

of MURR

and Attic

Unguentaria

Fine-Ware

Specimens

to Four

Greek

C.l.

Microscopic

Fabric

C.2.

Mineralogic

Identity

D. D.2.

Compositional

398-399

Groups Description of

of Samples

Inclusions

402

as Determined

1. Body

and

Paste

Values

for

Samples

of Household

Body

and

Paste

Values

for

Samples

of Cooking

by Raman Fabrics Fabrics

Spectroscopy 406

406

403

388-389

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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A' IvvavTrjari vioxikt]

Iaidvviva,

Kepajuiiaj,

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Ivvavrriarj

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A?K?ju/3piog

1986,

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1989. C,

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gtt|v

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138-154. A.

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I. Rotroff,

Hellenistic

Bowls, Imported Moldmade = M. B. Moore XXIII

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Inscriptions:

Decrees,

1976. Athenian

Pottery:

and

1982. M.

and

Z. P.

Attic

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1986. Black-Figured Pottery, = M. L. XXV 1990. Ostraka, Lang, = XXVI H. The Greek 1993. Kroll, Coins, J. = R. F. XXVII The East Side Townsend, of the Agora:

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Grandjouan,

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=J. W.

Roman

Hayes,

Vast

1925-1939.

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del

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Rome.

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e^rjvioTiKO VEKpoTacpeio pp. 311-320. Conducted of Excavations Studies at Athens, Prince

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Inscriptions:

1997. XXI =M. Lang, Graffiti andDipinti,

1940

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