Praescientia: Vorrauswissen Gottes und Willensfreiheit des Menschen in der Consolatio Philosophiae des Boethius 9783897441637, 3897441632

Table of contents :
Cover
Praescientia: Vorauswissen Gottes und Willensfreiheit des Menschen in der Consolatio Philosophiae des Boethius
Copyright

Citation preview

Tlpolmyl ~zs Y…yyptnlw Xuwzs m†w Srylwyzsx|pxxltxjohmy Zlwhzxnlnlilt {ut bplnshw V…vv ztk \ht ahkpjql

Thtk O

Xwhtq alnlt DQGJRHMJOSMG EPQGTRUMRRJO BPSSJR TOI FMNNJORKQJMLJMS IJR CJORHLJO pt klw Uutxurhypu `opruxuvophl klx Tu„yopzx

[toE VwE alptoprkl azvwljoy lE]E

X†w kpl dsxjorhnhiiprkztn |zwkl lptl spyylrhrylwrpjol Siiprkztn klx Tu„yopzx {lw|ltklyE

Vpl Vlzyxjol Tpirpuyolq {lw~lpjotly kplxl `zirpqhyput pt klw Vlzyxjolt _hyputhripirpunwhmplR klyhprrplwyl Vhylt xptk ps [tylwtly †ilw oyyvQFFktiEkkiEkl hiwzmihwE  V†owquov B ahkpjql fpxxltxjohmyrpjol `zirpqhyputlt Y…yyptnlt  IGGH |||ElkpyputDwzvwljoyEkl Srrl aljoyl {uwilohryltE Vhx flwq lptxjorplƒrpjo xlptlw clprl pxy zwolilwwljoyrpjo nlxjo†y~yE \lkl elw|lwyztn hzƒlwohri klw ltnlt Ywlt~lt klx dwolilwnlxly~lx ilkhwm klw {uwolwpnlt xjowpmyrpjolt gzxypssztn klx elwrhnxE Vplxl pxy hzjo lwmuwklwrpjo ilp lptlw _zy~ztn m†w ^lowD ztk dtylwwpjoyx~|ljql thjo € LIh dwoYE dsxjorhnnlxyhryztnQ qrhwyl}y YsiZC Y…yyptnlt VwzjqQ Vpnpyhr `wpty YwuzvC Wwrhtnlt [bT_Q PNODJDOPNKKDHMJDN

*

>fUb_ JY[Yb

NcfVYaYf_ib[ Uggib[ Y]bYf ]a >f~\^U\f +333 Ub XYf Mb]jYfg]hzh 9c`c[bU ]b ]hU`]Yb]gW\Yf KdfUW\Y [Y\U`hYbYb JY]\Y jcb KYa]bUfjcfhfz[Yb( AW\ k]XaY [YfUXY X]YgY 8fVY]h a]h U``Yb [ihYb O~b' gW\Yb M`f]W\ KW\]bXY` $?}hh]b[Yb% ni gY]bYa 0/( ?YVifhghU[& kY]` Yf a]W\ b]W\h bif j]Y`Y BU\fY `Ub[ Ub[YfY[h& Yfaih][h ibX ibhYfgh~hnh \Uh& gcbXYfb kY]` Yf a]W\ UiW\ nif wVYfbU\aY XYg =fUgaig'Hfc[fUaag Ub ibgYfYa Abgh]hih jYfUb`UxhY& Z~f XYggYb PFK VY\Yff' gW\Yb( Ma X]Y 8bhkcfh XYg 9cYh\]ig ]b ]\fYa \]ghcf]gW\Yb CcbhYlh jYfghY\Yb ni _}bbYb& YadZ]Y\`h Yg g]W\& nibzW\gh Y]bYb 9`]W_ UiZ X]Y ~fgcf[Y $(!&)*+,&'- XYf ?}hhYf UiW\ Z~f X]Y _`Y]bghYb FKO ,1 W ZZ( [Y\h Yg H`Uhcb jcf U``Ya ia XYb FUW\' + UhY& ?ccX UbX =j]` ]b ?fYY_ L\ci[\h& ;UaVf]X[Y EUgg( +3..& FUW\XfiW_ +30-& ,,*',10( , N[`( UiW\ XUni ?fYYbY& U( G( ,11'-+0( ;FI( -* W ibX .. W(

HfUYgW]Ybh]U

##

kY]g& XUx X]Y ?YgUahghfi_hif XYf OY`h U`g 8VV]`X XYg AXYYb_cgacg Ub XYggYb JUh]cbU`]hzh hY]`\Uh( XUg 9}gY ]b XYf OY`h ni jYfY]bVUfYb7 QO>B LNKTFI>B% ' .6,789;() $@>QO>B GBNGLIEGBD @]bfY]W\YbXY MfgUW\Yb4 -&"/* $@>QO>B LNFJ@FL>HBO% ' *QO>B JGLHGFNEGBD N[`( KN> AA 31.5 3135 33.5 331(

HfUYgW]Ybh]U

#%

PQI ibX O]``YbgZfY]\Y]h g]bX a]hY]bUbXYf jYfY]bVUf( OUg bib @iVYf& 3& nif ghc]gW\Yb 8iZZUggib[ XYg NcfUigk]ggYbg ?chhYg gU[h& gW\Y]bh a]f kYb][ ~VYfnYi[YbX4 pU`` X]g_ih]Yfh X]Y KhcU XUg HfcV`Ya jcf U``Ya UiZ XYf KY]bgYVYbY& b]W\h UiZ XYf =f_Ybbhb]gYVYbY( E]h UbXYfYb OcfhYb4 k]fX jcb XYf U`hYb KhcU b]W\h U`g LN>BO@FBJPF> dfcV`YaUh]g]Yfh(

?U^XKVK =KVOUGXKXOPKV Ab 8igY]bUbXYfgYhnib[ a]h XYf KhcU Ybhk]W_Y`hY XYf bUW\Uf]ghchY`]gW\Y HYf]dUhcg gW\cb fYW\h Zf~\ Y][YbY NcfghY``ib[Yb jcb XYf NcfgY\ib[( Cf]hc`Ucg $Yf [Y\}fhY +// j( ;\f( nigUaaYb a]h CUfbYUXYg XYf 8h\Yb]' gW\Yb H\]`cgcd\Yb[YgUbXhgW\UZh bUW\ Jca Ub% VYgW\fzb_h ]b Zf[( +/ OY\f`] $9X( +*& K( /,% XUg O]f_Yb XYf NcfgY\ib[ UiZ XYb gidfU`ibUfYb 9YfY]W\ XYf OY`h4 pMbX XYf 9YfY]W\ cVYf\U`V XYg EcbXYg ]gh XYf [}hh`]W\Yb !"#$%&'

>fUb_ JY[Yb

#&

hY]`\UZh][& XYf 9YfY]W\ ibhYf\U`V XYg EcbXYg XU[Y[Yb ]gh b]W\h jcb ]\f [YcfX' bYh ibX VYkY[h g]W\ a]h ibjYfb~bZh][Yf 9YkY[ib[& k]Y Yg XYf RiZU`` [YfUXY k]``(r1 Ab XYf dgYiXc'Uf]ghchY`]gW\Yb KW\f]Zh ;," ibX k]fZh UiW\ _Uia XUg HfcV`Ya XYf NYfY]bVUf_Y]h jcb NcfgY' \ib[ ibX O]``YbgZfY]\Y]h UiZ( Ab gY]bYf UigZ~\f`]W\Yb PFO++& Yfkz\bh 8di`Y]ig XUg HfcV`Ya XYf O]``Ybg' ZfY]\Y]h b]W\h niZz``][ a]h _Y]bYa Ocfh( Ma[Y_Y\fh jYfkY]gh 9cYh\]ig& k]Y k]f gY\Yb kYfXYb& bif a]h Y]bYf gY\f _ifnYb FYVYbVYaYf_ib[ UiZ X]Y YghghY``ib[& XUx X]Y ,.)'")*$/ ]b XYb XifW\ FUhif kYfXYbXYb JFI> SYX( A( 9fibg& ;8? Kidd`( 8f]ghch( AA& ,& 9Yf`]b +23,T d( +2,& .'++% +,( Aa ?Y[YbgUhn ni XYb Khc]_Yfb VYgW\fzb_h 8`YlUbXYf U`gc X]Y =]bk]f_ib[ XYf ,.)'")*$/ UiZ X]Y B?4&2 XYf ]fX]gW\Yb CQPQN> ' & X]Y ]b g]W\ b]W\h bchkYbX][ ibX VY' gh]aah g]bX& kYfXYb b]W\h a]h g]W\YfYa O]ggYb YfZUxh( >c`[`]W\ _Ubb XUg ni' _~bZh][Y Ccbh]b[YbhY& XU b]W\h bchkYbX][ VYgh]aah& UiW\ b]W\h a]h K]W\Yf\Y]h jcfUig[Ykixh kYfXYb& +B C>PK& d( ,**& ,. Z( $g( @iVYf& U( G(%4 pPQN> EK$ IFJFO% XYg FYaYg]cg $Yf kUf 9]gW\cZ XYf gmf]gW\Yb KhUXh =aYgU ia XUg BU\f .** b( ;\f(%( 8iZ XUg gW\k]Yf][Y HfcV`Ya& cV ]b XYb JYZYfUhYb X]YgYf 8ihcfYb X]Y DY\fY XYg ?U]cg $+( @z`ZhY XYg ,( B\g( b( ;\f(% [fY]ZVUf k]fX ' aUb gdf]W\h jcb XYf ogc[YbUbbhYb ?U]cg'KW\i`Yq ' & _Ubb ]W\ \]Yf b]W\h Y]b[Y\Yb( KY\f jYfY]bZUW\YbX VYgW\f]YVYb ibhYfgW\Y]XYh XUg d`Uhcb]gW\Y OY`hV]`X nk]gW\Yb ghUh]gW\Yf& jc``_caaYbYf& ^YbgY]h][Yf OY`h XYf AXYYb ibX Z`]YxYbXYf& ibjc``_caaYbYf& X]YggY]h][Yf OY`h XYg OYfXYbg ibX NYf[Y\Ybg( KdzhYfY H`Uhcb]_Yf VYf~W_g]W\h][Yb ]b ]\fYf KW\]W_gU`g`Y\fY X]YgYb % ni Z]bXYb& XUg KW\]W_gU` XU[Y[Yb k]f_h bif ]b XYf ]b JUia ibX RY]h YbhZU`hYhYb OY`h XYg OU\fbY\aVU' fYb( CQPQN>( E]h UbXYfYb OcfhYb4 ?chh kY]x a]h ?Yk]x' \Y]h& kY`W\Y ]b XYf ?Y[YbkUfh a}[`]W\Yb =fY][b]ggY ]b XYf Ri_ibZh Y]bhfYhYb kYfXYb& kY`W\Y b]W\h Y]bhfYhYb kYfXYb( HFPBN Yl]gh]Yfh( Ma Y]b 9Y]gd]Y` ni [YVYb4 Y]bYb ni[`Y]W\ o[Y\YbXYb cXYf UiW\ b]W\h [Y' \YbXYbq EYbgW\Yb []Vh Yg ]b XYf JYU`]hzh b]W\h( PFKJB& ;8? AN& /& d( +-0& ++'+/4 pK]Y $AFB .\PPBN% Yf_YbbYb XUg E}[`]W\Y ]b Y]bYf X]YgYa ~VYf`Y[YbYb OY]gY& XYbb XUg E}[`]W\Y \Uh Y]bY ib' VYgh]aahY FUhif ibX _Ubb Y]bhfYhYb cXYf b]W\h Y]bhfYhYb& g]Y UVYf ((( Yf_YbbYb UiW\ X]Yg a]h 9Ygh]aah\Y]h(r u\b`]W\ \UhhY gW\cb Hfc_`cg [YgU[h $+B AB@BI AQ?FP>PFKJF?QO @FN@> LNKQFABJPF>I& YX( fY]\Y]h ni[fibXY`]Y[h( Ab XYf LUh k]fX 9cYh\]ig X]YgY LYf' a]b] ]a Y]bnY`bYb VY\UbXY`b ibX ]a K]bbY XYf cVYb Ub[YXYihYhYb 8iZZUggib'

>fUb_ JY[Yb

$*

[Yb ni XYZ]b]YfYb jYfgiW\Yb( AW\ \cZZY& XUx XUVY] aUbW\Yg jcb XYa& kUg ]W\ ]b XYa jcfUig[Y\YbXYb \]ghcf]gW\Yb wVYfV`]W_ bif UbXYihYb _cbbhY& jYf' ghzbX`]W\Yf kYfXYb k]fX(

(2 IQFO AFQBNO># MQ>IQFO FJCFJFP># @KILHB@PFPQN' C>PQI QBNK OFJDQH> AFDBNFP FJ IKPQI# HK@FO# CKNIFO >@ PBILKNF?QO AFOPNF?QP>' QP E>B@ PBILKN>HFO KNAFJFO BTLHF@>PFK,- FJ AF$ QFJ>B IBJPFO >AQJ>P> LNKOLB@PQI LNKQFABJPF> OFP# B>ABI QBNK >AQJ>PFK# AFDB$ OP> >PMQB BTLHF@>P> PBILKNF?QO# C>PQI QK@BPQN4 p'#?,!0).* ]gh Y]b ]b 8b`Y\bib[ Ub HUfaYb]XYg ibX 8bUlU[cfUg Zcfai' `]YfhYg KW\`U[kcfh H`ch]bg( KhY``YbaUhYf]U` VY] B( @( K`YYaUb)?( Hc``Yh& DYl]Wcb H`ch]b]U' bia& DY]XYb)DYijYb +32*& g( j(>'#?( ,=]bY z\b`]W\Y $UVYf `Yhnh`]W\ UbXYfg VY[f~bXYhY% NcfghY``ib[ XYf p=bhZU`hib[r Z]bXYh g]W\ gW\cb ]b Y]bYa ;]WYfc'LYlh $+B AFR% A +,1%& UiZ XYb L\Y]`Yf& U( G( +*, Z(& jYf' kY]gh $HcgY]Xcb]cg bUW\ L\Y]`Yf%( ,. wVYfgYhnib[ jcb ?Y[YbgW\Uhn)?][cb(

HfUYgW]Ybh]U

%#

nY]h`]W\( PQI% XYa XYg bYid`Uhcb]gW\Yb =]bYb ni XYggYb h]YZYfYb @mdc' ghUgYb( & XYf $%N2 ?chhYg& Ub X]Y KhY``Y XYg d`ch]b]gW\Yb =]bYb [YhfYhYb ni gY]b gW\Y]bh& \Uh aUb Y]bYb =]bZ`ix XYg W\f]gh`]W\Yb FYid`Uhcb]gaig [YgY\Yb& XYf ?chh ibX $%N2=[`Y]W\gYhnh,/( 8``Yf' X]b[g VYn]Y\h H`ch]b UiW\ gY`Vgh gY]b KW\`U[kcfh M)%N!!!8$3'= UiZ XYb $%N2 $n( 9( ]b A + S/-T 2& 2% ibX b]W\h UiggW\`]Yx`]W\ UiZ XUg =]bY( IQH>JPBO MQFA>I LNKQFABJPF>B AFQFJF OLFNFPQO& $,% Y]bY OY`hgYY`Y& $-% X]Y 8``bUhif& $.% ?Ygh]fbVYkY[ib[Yb& $/% >JDBHF@> QFNPQO& $0% A>BIKJQI Q>NF> OKHHBNPF>( PFK XYf Y]bn][Y @]bkY]g UiZ Xzacbc`c[]gW\Y KmghYaY& Y]baU` UV[YgY\Yb jcb XYa 8b_`U[Ydib_h& XYb 9cYh\]ig ]b gY]bYf >LKHKDF> $A& df( .& ,/% nif~W_[Yk]YgYb \UhhY( EUb \Uh ]b X]YgYb b]W\h kY]hYf jYfZc`[hYb 8bXYihib[Yb Y]b AbX]n XUZ~f [YgY\Yb $?][cb& K( DAN%& pXUx 9cYh\]ig Y]bY j]Y` UigZ~\f`]W\YfY PQI ' VYkY[Yb g]W\ ia Y]bYb [YaY]bgUaYb E]hhY`dib_h& ,1

wVYfgYhnib[ jcb ?Y[YbgW\Uhn)?][cb( FcW\ b]W\h XYih`]W\ k]fX Ub X]YgYf KhY``Y& k]Y Ub[Yg]W\hg XYf gc [YgW\]`XYfhYb iaZUggYbXYb [}hh`]W\Yb H`Ubib[ X]Y aYbgW\`]W\Y O]``YbgZfY]\Y]h [YkU\fh kYfXYb _Ubb( c`[YbXY(

>fUb_ JY[Yb

%&

X]Y =]bZUW\\Y]h XYf LNKQFABJPF>& ibX YbhZU`hYb g]W\ fzia`]W\ iagc aY\f& ^Y kY]hYf g]Y jca E]hhY`dib_h YbhZYfbh g]bX( 8iW\ XUg gW\Y]bh a]f Y]bY wVYfhfU' [ib[ XYf bYid`Uhcb]gW\Yb Gbhc`c[]Y UiZ XUg NYf\z`hb]g jcb !"#$%&' ibX ,.)'")*$/ ni gY]b& UiW\ kYbb g]W\ XYf NYf[`Y]W\ XYg C>PQI a]h XYa CfY]g gW\cb VY] Hg('H`ih(& +B C>PK -& /03 ; Z]bXYh( & gc _fY]gh VY] H`ch]b XYf $%N2 ]b ghUh]cbzfYf Ygh][_Y]h XYg cVYfghYb ?Y]ghYg gY`VYf kifnY`h& gc gW\fY]hYh Yg& ZfY] jcb 9YkY[ib[& ~VYf X]Y FchkYbX][_Y]h XYg KW\]W_gU`g \]bUig(r-- 9cYh\]ig cfXbYh U`gc Y]bYfgY]hg ?chh& =]bYg ibX !"#$%&' Y]bUbXYf ni& UbXYfYfgY]hg OY`h& N]Y`Yg ibX ,.)'")*$/( PQI& ]\f $ PQI& ?chhbz\Y ]gh [`Y]W\nigYhnYb a]h XYf Fz\Y nia =]bYb& XYa B XYg 9cYh\]ig& @Y]XY`VYf[ +31,& +.1'+/+( -0 HUfU``Y`Yb bYbbYb jcf U``Ya ;cifWY``Y& ,+3& ibX ?fiVYf& -1+( -1 Ab XYf 8f[iaYbhUh]cb XYf 8di`Y]gW\Yb KW\f]Zh +B ABK 9K@N>PFO& VYgcbXYfg ]b XYfYb KW\`ixgzhnYb& gd]Y`h X]Y ?YghU`h XYg GXmggYig Y]bY gY\f z\b`]W\Y Jc``Y& j[`( XUni >( JY[Yb& A` +B ABK 9K@N>PFO X] 8di`Y]c $AA%& EU]U /,& ,***& .+'00& /. i( 0+( -2 8iZ ?fibX XYf pKW\kzW\Yb XYf PFK Y]b >Y\`Yb XYf `YhnhYb @UbX jYfaihYh& j[`( ?fiVYf& ,- ibX -1,(

HfUYgW]Ybh]U

%+

+% 3YIN)/ Ab XYf +( HfcgU XYg /( 9iW\Yg !B# UV% '" ghY``h 9cYh\]ig XYf H\]`cgcd\]Y X]Y >fU[Y& cV Yg XYb RiZU`` [YVY ibX kYbb ^U& kUg XYf RiZU`` gY]( N?FPNFF ibX C>PQI [Ubn UiZ Y]bY =f}fhYfib[ XYg NYf\z`hb]ggYg jcb HF?BNP>O >N?FPNFF ibX LN>BO@FBJPF> +BF fYXin]Yfh kYfXY( PQI U`g Y]bYf @>QO>NQI BP N>PFKJQI OBNFBO

-3 Ria /( 9iW\ j[`( i( U( C`]b[bYf& 3,'++,5 ;cifWY``Y& ,+/ ZZ( $XYf XUg [UbnY /( 9iW\ UV\zb[][ g]Y\h jcb XYb CcaaYbhUfYb XYg 8aacb]cg ni 8f]ghch(& +B FJPBNLNBP>PFKJB& ibX nif 8f]ghchY`]gW\Yb 6EUOFG Sb]W\h Yf\U`hYb& UVYf hY]`kY]gY fY_cbghfi]YfVUfT5 Cf]h]_ Ub X]YgYf 8iZZUggib[ VY] H( PFK LEFHKOKLEF>B XYg 9cYh\]ig& EigYia @Y`jYh]Wia +/& +3/2& ++*'+,35 XYfg(& fUb_ JY[Yb

&"

ibX a]h XYf EUbh]_ ]b =]b_`Ub[ ni Vf]b[Yb& \UVY g]W\ X]Y W\f]gh`]W\Y L\Yc`c' []Y ]b ]\fYb 8bZzb[Yb a]h UbXYfYb HfcV`YaYb UigY]bUbXYfgYhnYb a~ggYb( =g gY] ]\f ia X]Y Mfg~bXY& X]Y =f`}gib[ bif Y]bYf E]bXYf\Y]h jcb EYbgW\Yb XifW\ ;\f]ghig& X]Y NYfXUaaib[ XYf EY\f\Y]h VY]a ^~b[ghYb ?Yf]W\h [Y[Ub' [Yb( kUf U`gc gW\cb `Ub[Y U`g HfcV`Ya Yf_Ubbh( LEUOFG jYfVibXYb& k]Y g]W\ XYb 6EU$

.,

Hg('H`ih(& +B C>PK /1, UV5 ;U`W(& *KII% W( ;DAP $,+.),+/% d( +3, Z( OUgn(5 FY' aYg(& 4>P% EKI% -3 $H? .*& d( 10+ V%( .NK 02 8( .. 8b XYb YVYb [YbUbbhYb KhY``Yb( ./ 8`Yl( 8d\f(& +B C>PK d( +1,& ,/ ZZ(5 d( +3.& +/ ZZ(5 j[`( UiW\ 9cYh\]ig& /BNI% OB@% -& 3& d( +3.& 2 ZZ(

HfUYgW]Ybh]U

&%

OFG'CcaaYbhUfYb gY]bYf KW\~`Yf H\]`cdcbcg.0 ibX K]ad`]_]cg.1 YbhbY\aYb `UggY( cfai`]Yfib[ gY]bYf >fU[Y4 ?]Vh Yg O]``YbgZfY]\Y]h ' >J FLOKO MQKMQB EQI>JKNQI IKPQO >JFIKNQI C>P>HFO @>$ PBJ> @KJOPNFJDFP4 pcXYf ZYggY`h X]Y KW\]W_gU`g_YhhY UiW\ X]Y JY[ib[Yb XYf .0 .1

H\]`cdcb(& 0J LEUO%& ;8? PNA& d( ,10& +2( K]ad`]_(& 0J LEUO%& ;8? AP& d( --1& ,/ ZZ(

>fUb_ JY[Yb

&&

aYbgW\`]W\Yb KYY`Yb7r =g ]gh U`gc ni YfkUfhYb& XUx X]Y 8bhkcfh XYf H\]`cgc' d\]Y UiZ X]Y cVYb g_]nn]YfhY MbhYfgW\Y]Xib[ UV\zb[][Yf $bza`]W\ jca CUi' gU`bYlig UV\zb[][Yf% ibX ibUV\zb[][Yf MfgUW\Yb ' XUg g]bX X]Y UihcbcaYb aYbgW\`]W\Yb =bhgW\Y]Xib[Yb ' \]bUig`UiZYb k]fX( Ab XYf LUh UbhkcfhYh X]Y H\]`cgcd\]Y& XUx XYf EYbgW\ U`g fUh]cbU`Yg OY' gYb X]Y O]``YbgZfY]\Y]h VYg]hnY& kY]` Yf UiZ ?fibX gY]bYf NYfbibZh CQDFBJA> KLP>JA>QB ibhYfgW\Y]XYb ibX [Yazx X]YgYf MbhYfgW\Y]Xib[ gY]b @UbXY`b Y]b' f]W\hYb _}bbY( 8V[YkUbXY`h k]fX X]YgY z`hYfY L\YgY U``YfX]b[g XifW\ Y]bY Khi' ZYb`Y\fY& X]Y bYid`Uhcb]gW\ gY]b X~fZhY( !B# UV% (# *$. E-$'' 3OKQKVF" =g k]fX bza`]W\ \Yfjcf[Y\cVYb& XUx X]Y O]``YbgZfY]\Y]h b]W\h Z~f U``Y EYbgW\Yb [`Y]W\ [fcx ]gh& ibX nkUf a]h Zc`[YbXYf 9Y[f~bXib[4 ?QJPQN >A @KNLKN>(

HfUYgW]Ybh]U

&'

[]Vh( !B# UV% (# . E'' 3OKQKVF" LNKOLF@FBJO Ub_b~dZYbX cZZYbVUfh 9cYh\]ig XYf H\]`cgcd\]Y& [}hh`]W\Y NcfgY' /*

N[`( ;cifWY``Y& +00& ibX ?fiVYf& n( Kh( $-2/ Z(%( wVYfgYhnib[ jcb ?Y[YbgW\Uhn)?][cb( /, NUffc& 2FJD( /& 02( /+

&(

>fUb_ JY[Yb

\ib[ ibX aYbgW\`]W\Y O]``YbgZfY]\Y]h gW\]YbYb ]\a b]W\h a]hY]bUbXYf jYfY]b' VUf ni gY]b( $ibX LNKQFABNB% jcb 9Y[]bb Ub U`g oNcfUigk]ggYbq& b]W\h U`g oNcfgcf[Yq cXYf o>~fgcf[Yq( fU[Y& k]Y k]f [YgY\Yb \UVYb& gY]h XYf KhcU Yf}fhYfh kcf' XYb ibX gc fYZYf]Yfh bcW\ ;U`W]X]ig X]Y ghc]gW\Y 8iZZUggib[ $*KII( W( ;DP S,+/T d( +3- OUgn( 6 KN> AA 3.-%( 8i[igh]b XU[Y[Yb XYZ]b]Yfh X]Y NcfgY\ib[& k]Y 9cYh\]ig Ub XYf jcf`]Y[YbXYb KhY``Y& ]a K]bbY Y]bYg [}hh`]W\Yb NcfUig' k]ggYbg& kYbb Yf n( 9( *FR% +BF N& 3 ZYghghY``h4 JKO QP @KJCFPBIQN OQIIQI BP QBNQI +BQI# FP> QKHQJP>PBI OQII>IMQB LKPBOP>PBI >@ LN>BO@FBJPF>I BFQO @KJCFPBIQN' JB@ PFIBIQO JB FABK JKJ QKHQJP>PB C>@F>IQO# MQKA QKHQJP>PB C>$ @FIQO# MQF> FA JKO C>@PQNKO FHHB LN>BO@FQFP# @QFQO LN>BO@FBJPF> C>HHF JKJ LKPBOP ((( YhW( 8iW\ XYf LYfa]big LN>BO@FBJPF> ]gh W\UfU_hYf]gh]gW\ Z~f X]Y NFQI BOOB BQBJPQI LN>BO@FP>NQI NBNQI%& UiW\ kYbb XUg NcfUigk]ggYb X]YgY b]W\h XUni ni nk]b[Yb gW\Y]bh Y]bnihfYhYb $BPF>I OF LN>BO@FBJPF> CQPQNFO NB?QO BQBJFBJAF JB@BOOFP>PBI JKJ QFAB>PQN FJ$ CBNNB%7 UiZ XYf KY]bgYVYbY a]h d\mg]gW\Yf FchkYbX][_Y]h ' X( \( XifW\ XYb CUigU`bYlig ' MfgUW\Y XYg Ri' _~bZh][Yb gY] cXYf cV XUg Ri_~bZh][Y UiZ XYf =f_Ybbhb]gYVYbY ' a]h BO@FBJPF> VYgh]aaY( =g [Y\Y ]\a j]Y`aY\f ia Zc`[YbXYg HfcV`Ya4 =]baU` ni[YghUbXYb& XUx XUg NcfUig' k]ggYb ?chhYg XUg Ri_~bZh][Y UiZ XYf KY]bgYVYbY b]W\h jYfifgUW\h ' Zc`[h XUbb b]W\h XYbbcW\ Uig ?chhYg NcfUigk]ggYb XYg Ri_~bZh][Yb& XUx XUg Ri_~bZh][Y a]h $U``& kYbb k]f ]\b ]b X]Y Ri' _ibZh& UiZ ?chhYg NcfUigk]ggYb XYf @KJPFJDBJPF> CQPQN># ~VYfhfU[Yb4 OYbb ?chh jcfUigkY]x& XUx 8 nia RY]hdib_h P [Y\Yb k]fX& XUbb Zc`[h XUfUig a]h $U`` g]hnh XYf 9YhfYZZYbXY b]W\h& kY]` X]Y EY]bib[& Yf g]hnY& kU\f ]gh( ~f XUg NcfUigk]g' gYb \Y]xh XUg4 OYbb ^YaUbX Ubb]aah& XUx P gY]b k]fX& kUg Yg b]W\h gY]b k]fX& gc VYg]hnh Yf _Y]b NcfUigk]ggYb& gcbXYfb YVYbZU``g bif ]ff][Y EY]bib[( >~f XUg NcfUigk]ggYb ?chhYg Yf[]Vh g]W\ XUfUig Zc`[YbXY 8`hYfbUh]jY4 +% ?chh kY]x jcfUig& XUx XYf >U`` P YbhkYXYf Y]bhfYhYb cXYf UiW\ b]W\h Y]bhfYhYb k]fX( z``Y Y]bhfYhYb k]fX( ,C#),$'& X]Y @KJPFJDBJPF> CQPQN>& VY'

0,

Gf][( VY] =ig(& 6N>BL% BR%& YX( C( EfUg& ?;K& 9Yf`]b +3/.& NA& ++& -0 Z( $H? ,+& .3, U%4 pibX kYbb aUb gU[Yb aix ((( & gc ]gh XUg nkUf n]Ya`]W\ dUfUXcl& UVYf kU\fr $j[`( UiW\ @iVYf& -+ ibX -0%5 g( ZYfbYf XYb KW\`ix XYf *KJOKH>PFK(

>fUb_ JY[Yb

'&

\U`hYb ]\fY >fY]\Y]h& XcW\ XUg [}hh`]W\Y NcfUigk]ggYb ]gh _Y]b k]f_`]W\Yg O]g' gYb( ,% ?chh kY]x jcfUig& XUx XYf >U`` P Y]bhfYhYb k]fX( fU[Y ]b +B FJPBNLNBP>PFKJB $AA ,.3& +.'+2& ,/'-*% a]h XYf L\YgY VYUbhkcfhYh& Y]bY 8iggU[Y ~VYf Y]b ni_~bZh][Yg =fY][b]g gY] nkUf ]aaYf kU\f cXYf ZU`gW\& Yg `UggY g]W\ UVYf Yfgh bUW\ =]bhfY' hYb cXYf F]W\h'=]bhfYhYb XYg =fY][b]ggYg XUf~VYf YbhgW\Y]XYb& cV X]Y 8iggU[Y kU\f cXYf ZU`gW\ [YkYgYb gY]0/( ]bXYh g]Y XU[Y[Yb acf[Yb b]W\h ghUhh& gc kUf XUg NcfUigk]ggYb _Y]b NcfUigk]ggYb& gcbXYfb bif Y]bY ZU`gW\Y NYfaihib[( 0-

N[`( C`]b[bYf& +*/( 8f]ghch(& +B FJPBNLN% +2 U +- ZZ( 0/ N[`( @iVYf& -3( 0.

HfUYgW]Ybh]U

''

OYbb ?chh U`gc Ubbz\aY& XUx Y]b =fY][b]g Y]bhfYhYb k]fX& c\bY XUx Yg Y]bhfzhY& gc k~fXY Yf g]W\ ]ffYb( OYbb gY]b O]ggYb UVYf XUf]b VYghzbXY ni k]g' gYb& XUx Y]b =fY][b]g YbhkYXYf Y]bhfYhYb cXYf UiW\ b]W\h Y]bhfYhYb k]fX& gc \zhhY Yf _Y]b k]f_`]W\Yg O]ggYb( AaaYf\]b ]gh& k]Y k]f VYfY]hg gU\Yb& UiW\ X]YgY L\YgY ]b XYf Ubh]_Yb H\]`cgcd\]Y jYfhfYhYb kcfXYb( AW\ Yf]bbYfY Ub X]Y cVYb n]h]YfhYb 8iggU[Yb XYg 8`YlUbXYf jcb 8d\fcX]g]Ug( Ab `UhY]b]gW\Yf KdfU' W\Y k]fX XYf [`Y]W\Y ?YXUb_Y jcb ;U`W]X]ig Zc`[YbXYfaUxYb Zcfai`]Yfh $*KII% W( ;DPAA S,+1T d( +3/& / ZZ( OUgn(%4 4BMQB BJFI FP> O@FP >I?FDQF J>$ PQN>I ABQO# QP MQKA @BNPQI BP JB@BOOFP>PB @KJOPNF@PQI !OF@ BJFI C>HHBPQN BP JBO@FBP"# OBA FP># QP LNK J>PQN> OQ> QBNB AQ?FQI O@F>P% fUb_ JY[Yb

'(

!B# UV% )# (' E)) 3OKQKVF" fU[Y [YghY``h& cV X]Y NYfbibZh $IBJO% gW\cb _YbbY& kUg g]Y ni Yf_YbbYb giW\Y( Ri[fibXY `]Y[Y X]YgYf >fU[YghY``ib[ Y]b & XYb ?Y]gh ?chhYg& gW\UihY& gckc\` XUg ?UbnY Yf_Ubbh k]Y X]Y LY]`Y7 Ab X]YgYf >fU[Y _`]b[Yb ?YXUb_Yb XYf AXYYb`Y\fY H`ch]bg Ub01( IJBOFO'DY\fY XYg H`Uhcb]gW\Yb 3BJKJ $2* XY% XifW\ X]Y L\YgY [Y`}gh& X]Y KYY`Y gY] kYXYf k]ggYbX bcW\ ibk]ggYbX( K]Y \UVY nkUf Y]bY Xib_`Y =f]bbYfib[ Ub XYb ?YgUahnigUaaYb\Ub[ XYg ?Y]gh][Yb& a~ggY UVYf VY] XYb ]b NYf[YggYb\Y]h [YfUhYbYb =]bnY`\Y]hYb YfbYih _`zfYb& k]Y g]Y g]W\ nia ?UbnYb Z~[Yb( >~f XYb CcbhYlh XYg Z~bZhYb 9iW\Yg \Y]xh XUg& k]Y ?fiVYf $-3/% f]W\h][ gU[h4 pcfgW\ib[Yb XYg 9cYh\]ig nia HfcV`Ya XYf O]``Ybg' ZfY]\Y]h $PF?FMQB FLOF NBO AFQ LNKNOQO IQHPQIMQB MQ>BOFP>%( 8iZ ?fibX X]YgYf 8bXYihib[ \Uh aUb jYfaihYh& XYa L\YaU gY] j]Y``Y]W\h gc[Uf Y]bY Y][YbY z`' hYfY& ibg jYf`cfYbY KW\f]Zh XYg 9cYh\]ig [Yk]XaYh [YkYgYb1*( Rk]b[YbX ]gh X]YgYf KW\`ix U``YfX]b[g b]W\h( fUb_ JY[Yb

OPQI BOP# OBA EKNQI KIJFQI BP @>QO>B IFTP>B BP BQBJPQO4 pO& gY`hYbYf jcb QJFP>O& \]bhYf X]YgYb `UhY]b]gW\Yb LYfa]b] jYfVYf[Yb g]W\ X]Y [f]YW\]gW\Yb R!+#3/2 ibX J$#3/2 ' ibX XYa ]b JUia& RY]h ibX C}fdYf`]W\_Y]h YbhZU`hY' hYb N]Y`Yb Y]b h]YZYf ?Y[YbgUhn VYghY\h( PMQB J>PQN> XYg =f_UbbhYb& gcbXYfb UiZ XYf XYg =f_YbbYb' XYb( Ri[fibXY `]Y[h X]Y L\YgY& XUx =f_Ybbhb]g b]W\h cXYf b]W\h bif jca =f' _Ybbhb]gcV^Y_h& gcbXYfb UiW\ jcb XYf >z\][_Y]h XYg Yf_YbbYbXYb KiV^Y_hg VYgh]aah k]fX( cfai`]Yfib[1/4 p?Yazx XYf DY\fY XYg [}hh`]W\Yb $9,F%2% AUaV`]W\cg kYf' XYb k]f ZcfXYfb& jYfgW\]YXYbY EUxY XYf =f_Ybbhb]ggY ni ibhYfgW\Y]XYb( @QHP>PBI% pI BP N>PFKJFO QJFQBNOQI BP FI>DFJ>PFKJFO CFDQN>I BP I>PBNF>HB OBJOF?FHB @KDJKO@FP JB@ N>PFKJB QPBJO JB@ FI>DFJ>PFKJB JB@ OBJOF?QO# OBA FHHK QJK F@PQ IBJPFO CKNI>HFPBN12# QP FP> AF@>I# @QJ@P> LNKOLF@FBJO4 pIJBOFO'% DY\fY [Y[Yb' ~VYf[YghY``h( 9Y] 8i[igh]b& *FR% +BF NAAA 1& k]fX X]Y ghc]gW\Y =f_Ybbhb]gh\Yc' f]Y ]b XYf [`Y]W\Yb OY]gY _f]h]g]Yfh k]Y VY] 9cYh\]ig& c\bY XUx X]Yg a( =( J~W_gW\`~ggY UiZ 8i[igh]b U`g IiY``Y ni`]YggY(

12 ?fiVYf& .*+& n( Kh(4 p AF@>I U`g bYi [YkU[hY OcfhV]`Xib[ [Y_Ybb' nY]W\bYh ((( Aa ?f]YW\]gW\Yb Ybhgdf]W\h (CD$./-FA Hfc_`( FJ 6>NI% d( 0,/( 0.3 KhU``VUia(r 13 Ri XYb IiY``Yb XYg Zc`[YbXYb LY]`g g( ?fiVYf& .**& ni -+(

HfUYgW]Ybh]U

(%

B# UV% +0 5VPKSSXSOWXNKTVOK ( 8bgzhnY& XUg aYbgW\`]W\Y JP( 2+0 U +* ZZ( $ibX H`]b(& 4>P% EFOP% 3& 3*%( ?fiVYf& .*.& n( Kh(4 p/& ,& . kUf XUg MbhYfgW\Y]Xib[gjYfa}[Yb jcb CQDFBJA> ibX KLP>JA> U`g CYbbnY]W\Yb Z~f XYb 9Yg]hn XYf N>PFK [YbUbbh kcfXYb( @]Yf nY][h g]W\ bib& XUx X]YgY >z\][_Y]h gW\cb XYa 9YfY]W\ XYf FI>DFJ>PFK ni[Y\}fh ((( (r NP% >J% A& Ub[YfY[h gY]b( 2+

>fUb_ JY[Yb

(&

]\a U`g [YghU`hYbXYg >YiYf ]b U``Yb gY]bYb LY]`Yb ]aaUbYbh& ]gh ~VYfU`` [Y' [Ybkzfh][( F]f[YbXg ]gh X]Y ]bbYfY =]b\Y]h& ]gh XYf ?YgUahnigUaaYb\Ub[ XYg VY`YVYbXYb Dc[cg'>YiYfg XifW\ `YYfYb JUia ]bbYf\U`V XYf OY`h ibhYfVfc' W\Yb( 8``Y 9YfY]W\Y XYf OY`h g]bX j]Y`aY\f Yb[ a]hY]bUbXYf jYfVibXYb& g]Y ghY\Yb ]b ghzbX][Yf OYW\gY`k]f_ib[ niY]bUbXYf( =g [Yb~[h \]Yf& Ub XYb Kma' dUh\]Y'9Y[f]ZZ XYg HcgY]Xcb]cg ni Yf]bbYfb( HcgY]Xcb]cg XYihYhY VY_Ubbh`]W\ i( U( =VVY ibX >`ih U`g Y]b AbX]n X]YgYg E]h'DY]XYbg ]bbYf\U`V XYg Ccgacg ' XYf =]bZ`ix XYg EcbXYg UiZ X]Y @}\Y XYg EYYfYggd]Y[Y`g nY][Y& XUx X]Y ?Y' gh]fbY Y]bXfiW_gjc``Y ibX ibVYghfY]hVUfY 8igk]f_ib[Yb UiZ XYb ]fX]gW\Yb 9Y' fY]W\ \UVYb( YiYf UVYf Y\Yf ]b Y]bYf _~\`YfYb >cfa ' U`g DiZh'>YiYf'E]gW\ib[& U`g !$,N)' ' UiZ( YiYf Yg Ybh\z`h( 8iZ XYf h]YZghYb KhiZY k]f_h Yg U`g 3#$%2& U`g ^YbY KdUbb_fUZh& X]Y n( 9( Y]bYb KhY]bV`cW_ jcb ]bbYb \YfUig nigUaaYb\z`h( 8iZ XYb \}\YfYb KhiZYb XYf VY`YVhYb OYgYb aUb]ZYgh]Yfh Yg g]W\ U`g KYY`Y& ibX nkUf ]b nibY\aYbX fY]bYfYf >cfa4 JKJ C>@FP O>HPQO& XUx XYf X]Y OY`h [YghU`hYbXY Dc[cg Y]bY =]b\Y]h ]gh ibX XUx XU\Yf UiW\ ]a 9YfY]W\ XYg 9YgYY`hYb& hfchn XYf \]YfUfW\]gW\Yb Khfi_hif XYf 9YgYY' `ib[& b]f[YbXkc 9f~W\Y cXYf Kdf~b[Y UiZhfYhYb(

2KW\kYX]gW\Yf FUhifZcfgW\Yf& +1*1'+112( =f Zcfai`]YfhY XYb U`hYb ?YXUb_Yb gc ]a ,1( CUd]hY` gY]bYf 6EFHKOKLEF> ?KP>JF@>(

>fUb_ JY[Yb

((

%1'43&7W cXYf [~bgh][YbZU``g +%6&7W& ibX XUf~VYf ]gh g]Y $%,"8 cXYf 7'9'"V2=$%%N4'=N -& 3& ,3ZZ( /=(B'!3%)*$/& V`Y]Vh UVYf gY`Vgh XUbb bcW\ cVYb& NA ,& ,,& -+(r cfaq( MbX XcW\ _Ua H`ch]b XifW\ cfa 2/( Ab X]YgYf LfUX]h]cb ghY\h 9cYh\]ig& kYbb Yf Ua KW\`ix XYf *KJOKH>PFK X]Y NYfY]bVUf_Y]h jcb NcfUigk]ggYb ?chhYg ibX aYbgW\`]W\Yf O]``YbgZfY]\Y]h a]h XYa HUfUXcl XYf ?Y[YbkUfh XYg Ri_~bZh][Yb $ibX XYg NYf[Ub[YbYb% ]b ?chh `c[]gW\ ni VY[f~bXYb jYfgiW\h( /( ?YX]W\h !B# R% +"4 OFIQH $!I1*,>'#?% j[`( H`ch]bg KW\`U[kcfh >'#?,!0).*, $g( c( 8( ,,%( 3* ?fiVYf& .*3& bYbbh ~VYffUgW\YbXYfkY]gY _Y]bY XYf U`hghc]gW\Yb c`[YbXY%(

>fUb_ JY[Yb

)"

@YihY ]gh bif Y]b Z`~W\h][Yf ibX jcf~VYf[Y\YbXYf 8i[YbV`]W_( KY`Vgh XUg U`gc& kUg _Y]bYb nY]h`]W\Yb 8bZUb[ \Uh bcW\ ^YaU`g UiZ\}fYb k]fX ni Yl]gh]YfYb $k]Y 8f]ghchY`Yg Yg jcb XYf OY`h VY\UidhYh3+%& _Ubb b]W\h U`g Yk][ VYnY]W\bYh kYfXYb& XYbb Yg jYfZ~[h b]W\h ~VYf X]Y ?YgUah\Y]h gY]bYf $kYbb UiW\ ibVY' [fYbnhYb% =l]ghYbn& XU Yg X]Y Ri_ibZh bcW\ b]W\h& X]Y NYf[Ub[Yb\Y]h b]W\h aY\f VYg]hnh !B# UV% ,# * E, 3OKQKVF"4 JKJAQI P>IBJ P>HB BOP# QP >BPBNJQI BOOB FQNB @NBA>PQN% 4KJ BJFI PKPQI OFIQH FJCFJFP>B HF@BP QFP>B OL>PFQI @KILNBEBJ$ AFP >PMQB @KILHB@PFPQN# OBA CQPQN> JKJAQI# PN>JO>@P> F>I JKJ E>?BP( ?Ubn z\b`]W\ \UhhY gW\cb X]Y 8`hY KhcU b]W\h bif X]Y NYf[Ub[Yb\Y]h ibX X]Y Ri' _ibZh& gcbXYfb UiW\ X]Y ?Y[YbkUfh U`g bU\Yni ]bYl]ghYbh UV[YkYfhYh( ;\fm' g]ddg L\YgYb ZUxh Hc\`Ybn Zc`[YbXYfaUxYb nigUaaYb4 p?Ubn _`Uf gdf]W\h ;\fmg]dd Uig& XUx Yg ~VYf\Uidh _Y]bY RY]h U`g YhkUg KhUh]gW\Yg []Vh( JPFMQFKN QFABNF AB?BP PBILKNFO MQ>JPFP>PB# OBA OFILHF@FO LKPFQO LNKLNFBP>PB J>PQN>B( 582% XYg Ri' _~bZh][Yb ibX XYg NYf[Ub[YbYb !B# UV% ,# / E'( 3OKQKVF"4 @QIMQB BQI $LN>B$ OBJP>NFQI OP>PQI% BCCFJDBNB >PMQB >BMQ>NB JKJ LKOOFP# BT FIIK?FHFP>PB ABCF@FP FJ IKPQI# BT OFILHF@FP>PB LN>BOBJPF>B AB@NBO@FP FJ FJCFJFP>I CQPQNF >@ LN>BPBNFPF MQ>JPFP>PBI( FKO30( B# MQKJF>I I>JBJPFO FHHFQO LN>BOBJPF>B MQ>JA>I DBOP>P FI>DFJBI# MQF?QO@QIMQB @KJPFDBNFP# FA LN>BOP>P# QP BOOB QFAB>JPQN% BPBNJQO% VYnY]W\bYh kYfXYb( FUW\ ;cifWY``Y $,,/% [Y\h X]YgY MbhYfgW\Y]Xib[ XYf 9Y[f]ZZY UiZ

30 -1 X& j[`( ;U`W(& *KII( ;N $+1-% d( +/.& +. ZZ( OUgn(4 FI>DK BJFI ABIQI >BQF PBILQO BOP I>JBJPFO FJ OQK OP>PQ# PBILQO LKNNK IFJFIB I>JBJO# FIIK LNKDNBAFBJO OBILBN BP NBLHF@>?FHB( 31 ;FI( -1 X Z(

HfUYgW]Ybh]U

)%

Hfc_`cg nif~W_32( 8iZ X]Y =]bnY`\Y]hYb XYg HfcV`Yag VfUiW\Y ]W\ \]Yf b]W\h Y]bni[Y\Yb33( !B# UV% ,# '( E'+ 3OKQKVF" E]h J~W_[f]ZZ UiZ X]Y Zf~\YfY =f}fhYfib[ k]fX k]YXYf\c`h& XUx U``Y =f_Ybbhb]g $9cYh\]ig gdf]W\h \]Yf jcb FQAF@FQI% Y\Yf jcb XYf FUhif XYg =f_YbbYbXYb U`g jcb XYf XYg =f_UbbhYb VYgh]aah k]fX( ?chhYg FUhif UVYf ]gh Y]b RighUbX Yk][Yf ?Y[YbkUfh( 8iW\ X]Yg ]gh Y]bY L\YgY H`ch]bg $j[`( UixYf NA 1 S-2T +& -1 ZZ( UiW\ AAA 1 S./T -& +/ ZZ(%4 p ' kYbb Yf X]Yg U``Yg g]Y\h& g]Y\h Yf =k][_Y]h4 D=9=F& XUg ]a KY`VYb jYf\Uffh& XU Yg ]aaYf XUg ?UbnY [Y[Ybkzfh][ \Uh& b]W\h ^Yhnh X]YgYg& XUbb Y]b 8bXYfYg& gcbXYfb U``Yg ni[`Y]W\ $Z)'=3[=!8$3'%& ibX b]W\h ^Yhnh 8bXYfYg ibX XUbb k]YXYf 8bXY' fYg& gcbXYfb hY]``cgY Nc``YbXib[5 [`Y]W\k]Y ]b Y]bYa Hib_h 8``Yg jYfgUaaY`h ]gh ibX b]YaU`g ]b >`ix \Yfjcf[Y\h& gc jYf\Uffh ^YbY $X]Y =k][_Y]h% ]a KY`VYb ]b g]W\ ibX kUbXY`h g]W\ b]W\h& gcbXYfb ]gh ]aaYf ]b XYf ?Y[YbkUfh& kY]` b]W\hg ]b ]\f jYf[Ub[Yb ]gh ibX b]W\hg ]b ]\f Yfgh gY]b k]fX& g]Y ]gh j]Y`aY\f XUg& kUg g]Y ]gh(r+** fUb_Zifh)EU]b +301& K( +/0 ZZ( 33 N[`( H( Hcffc& =bf]Wc X] ?UbX Y `qib]W]hy XY``qUYjia& EYX]cYjc +-& +321& +,-'+3-& +-1 ZZ(5 9( DYZhck& 9cYh\]ig cb =hYfb]hm& @H\I 1& +33*& +,-'+.,( +** wVYfgYhnib[ jcb O( 9Y]YfkU`hYg& U( G(& g( UiW\ XYb Ccaa( K( +00 Z(& +22& +32 ZZ(& ,*/(

>fUb_ JY[Yb

)&

fYbXYb ?Y[Ybkzfh][Yb+*+ !B# UV% ,# ') E', 3OKQKVF"4 0P>MQB OF LN>BQFABJPF>I LBJO>NB $VYifhY]`Yb& f]W\h][ Y]bgW\zhnYb% QBHFO# MQ> @QJ@P> AFJKO@FP# JKJ BOOB LN>BO@FBJPF>I MQ>OF CQPQNF# OBA O@FBJPF>I JQIMQ>I ABCF@FBJPFO FJOP>JPF>B NB@$ PFQO >BOPFI>?FO% =g kzfY XU\Yf f]W\h][Yf& b]W\h jcb LN>BQFABJPF> $j[`( X]Y Ri' f~W_kY]gib[ Y]bYf !"%#"'4&2 ?chhYg XifW\ H`ch]b ]b NA 1 S-2T +& -1 Z(%& gcb' XYfb jcb LNKQFABJPF> ni gdfYW\Yb& kY]` X]YgYg [}hh`]W\Y O]ggYb ZYfb jcb XYb b]YXYfYb P5 UiW\ \]Yf ]gh XYf 9Y[f]ZZ XYf LNKQFABJPF> [Ubn UiZ XYb XYf =f' _Ybbhb]g& XYb XYg O]ggYbg& VYgW\fzb_h%( AW\ \UVY cVYb VYfY]hg ni nY][Yb jYfgiW\h& XUx a( =( gW\cb H`ch]b gY`Vgh nia]bXYgh XYf LYbXYbn bUW\ X]Y OFILHF@FP>O XYg =]bYb s cXYf XcW\ nia]bXYgh X]Y =]b\Y]h XYg $%N2 ' U`g ~VYfnY]h`]W\Y ibYbhZU`hYhY ?Y[YbkUfh jYfghUbX( BO@FBJPF>'HfcV`Yag `Yhnh`]W\ H`ch]b ni [Y\}fYb( wVYf X]Y @Yf_ibZh Y]bnY`bYf 8f[iaYbhY _Ubb aUb U``YfX]b[g jYfgW\]YXYbYf EY]bib[ gY]b( Ab XYf >cfgW\ib[ kYfXYb ]a kYgYbh`]W\Yb XfY] Hcg]h]cbYb jYfhfYhYb4 C`]b[bYf $++* ZZ(% jYfaihYhY UiW\ \]Yf W\f]gh`]W\Yb =]bZ`ix& ;cifWY``Y $,+1% g]Y\h 9cYh\]ig jcf U``Ya jcb 8aacb]cg UV\zb[][& @iVYf $.1 Z(% jYfgiW\h ni nY][Yb& XUx XYf LN>BOBJPF>'9Y[f]ZZ XYa 9cYh\]ig U``Y]b [Y\}fh( E]f gW\Y]bh ' ]W\ Zc`[Y XUf]b EYf`Ub+*, ' X]Y Zc`[YbXY& jcb 8aacb]cg XYa AUaV`]W\cg ni[YgW\f]YVYbY 8b' g]W\h XUZ~f ni gdfYW\Yb& XUx gdzhYghYbg AUaV`]W\cg nia]bXYgh X]Y L\YgY XYg ibYbhZU`hYhYb [}hh`]W\Yb O]ggYbg jYfhfUh+*-4 pfUb_ JY[Yb

)*

JKPFKJBI NBCBNPQN# JB@BOO>NFQI# @QI QBNK FJ OQ> J>PQN> LBNLBJAFPQN# HF?BNQI LNKNOQO >PMQB >?OKHQPQI QFABNF( =g Zc`[h Y]bY YfbYihY fY]\Y]h ]\fYf Y]' [YbYb FUhif& X( \( g]Y g]bX b]W\h d\mg]gW\ $fYU`% bchkYbX][( =g k]fX U`gc c\bY RkY]ZY` U``Yg [YgW\Y\Yb& kUg ?chh U`g ni_~bZh][ [YgW\Y\YbX Yf_Ybbh( 8VYf U`` XUg& kUg b]W\h d\mg]gW\& gcbXYfb U``Y]b UiZ ?fibX XYg [}hh`]W\Yb KY\Ybg $O]g' gYbg% `c[]gW\ bchkYbX][ ]gh& k]fX Uig ZfY]Ya O]``Yb \Yfjcf[Y\Yb( !B# UV% ,# (- E)) 3OKQKVF" 8iW\ X]YgYf ?YXUb_Y k]fX YfbYih Ub 9Y]gd]Y' `Yb jYfXYih`]W\h4 Kckc\` XYf 8iZ[Ub[ XYf KcbbY k]Y XYf KdUn]Yf[Ub[ Y]bYg EYbgW\Yb g]bX ]b XYf VYX]b[hYb >cfa oOYbb ]W\ kY]x& XUx 8 [YgW\]Y\h& oaixq 8 [YgW\Y\Ybq `c[]gW\ bchkYbX][( PEBIBNFJKJ ,& +*/ jYf[`Y]W\h $jcb XYf KcbbY& ~VYfhfU[Yb jcb ?chh%4 9LB@QH>PKN >AOP>P AB$ OQLBN# ) MQF JKO AFB?QO KIJF?QO ) >@PQOMQB JKOPNKO LNKOLF@FP ) > HQ@B LNFI> FJ QBOLBNQI ' Z~f U``ni UVfidh [Y\U`hYb( ?][cb $-*/& n( Kh(%4 pU`` fYW\bYb a~ggYb% g]W\ jYf' Ub`Uxh gU\& gY`Vgh ]b Y]b][Yb KzhnYb XYb ZY\`YbXYb =d]`c[& gc [ih Yg []b[& VY]' nighYiYfb(r L>NFPBN%& ]b ]\f kYfXYb UiW\ aYbgW\`]W\Y O]``YbgZfY]\Y]h ibX [}hh`]W\Yg NcfUigk]ggYb jYfY]bVUf( CY]bY iaghzbX`]W\Y RigUaaYbZUggib[ XYf PFK( E]h gd]Y`Yf]gW\Yf ZcfaU`Yf JUZZ]bYggY& UVYf [fcxYa ]b\U`h`]W\Ya =fbgh jYfkY]gh 9cYh\]ig \]Yf UiZ Y]bY kY]hYfY& V]g\Yf b]W\h Yfkz\bhY I>DJ> JB@BOOFP>O& UiZ X]Y XYcbh]gW\Y FchkYb' X][_Y]h& UiZ XUg oIQZq XYf Yh\]gW\Yb Fcfa& XUg Ub[Yg]W\hg XYf 8``[Y[YbkUfh ?chhYg ibgYf [UbnYg @UbXY`b VYgh]aaYb gc``hY(

*&

8S 2HP`V\YSM \OXOKVXK 9OXKVGXYV $FYiYfYf D]hYfUhifVYf]W\h4 B( ?fiVYf& 9cYh\]ig +3,/'+332& +( LY]`4 Dighfia -3& +331& -*1'-2-5 ,( LY]`4 Dighfia .*& +332& +33',/3% ;cifWY``Y 6 H( ;cifWY``Y& DU ;cbgc`Uh]cb XY H\]`cgcd\]Y XUbg `U LfUX]h]cb `]hh|fU]fY ' 8bh|W|XYbhg Yh Hcgh|f]h| XY 9c{WY& HUf]g +301( ?Y[YbgW\Uhn)?][cb 6 =( ?Y[YbgW\Uhn)G( ?][cb& 9cYh\]ig( Lfcgh XYf H\]`cgc' d\]Y& \YfUig[Y[YVYb ibX ~VYfgYhnh jcb =( ?( ibX G( ?(& Y]b[Y`Y]hYh ibX Yf`zihYfh jcb G( ?][cb& R~f]W\)Khihh[Ufh ,+303( ?][cb 6 G( ?][cb& =]b`Y]hib[& ]b4 ?Y[YbgW\Uhn)?][cb& K( NAA'DPAAA( ?fiVYf 6 B( ?fiVYf& CcaaYbhUf ni 9cYh\]ig +B @KJOKH>PFKJB LEFHKOKLEF>B( LYlhY ibX CcaaYbhUfY 3& 9Yf`]b)FYk Qcf_ +312( @iVYf 6 H( @iVYf&