945 178 11MB
Spanish Pages 519 Year 2012
,1752'8&&,Ï1
SiJ
,
,GHDVLQLFLDOHV
,
,,
&DPSRGHLQWHUpV
;9,,
,,,
2EMHWLYRVJHQHUDOHV
;,;
,9
2UJDQL]DFLyQ
;;,
1DFLPLHQWRGHO0RYLPLHQWR0RGHUQR
$GROI/RRV
/H&RUEXVLHU
0LHVYDQGHU5RKH
*HUULW7K5LHWYHOG
5%XFNPLQVWHU)XOOHU
&DVLXQVLJORGHVSXpV
'(6$552//2'(/$7(6,6
1XHYRVPRGRVHQHOKDELWDU\HQHOKDELWDQWH
&DPELRVHQORVPRGRVGHYLGDTXHDIHFWDQDOKDELWDU
1XHYRVPRGRVHQHOKDELWDQWH
,QGLYLGXDOLVPR (OKDELWDQWHTXHQRWLHQHWLHPSRTXHQRSDUDTXHQRKDELWD /DVQXHYDVUHODFLRQHV
1XHYDVGLQiPLFDVHQHOKDELWDU
/DYLYLHQGDGLVJUHJDGDHQ-DSyQ /DQXHYDYLGDQyPDGDGHODWHUFHUDHGDG
*UXSRVGHFRQYLYHQFLDDFWXDOHVVLQXQDYLYLHQGDDVXPHGLGD
9LYLHQGDVFRQFRQVWDQWHFDPELRGHOQ~PHURGHKDELWDQWHV &RKDELWDFLyQFRQ]RQDVFRPXQHV ,QGHWHUPLQDFLyQ 6LWXDFLRQHVWUDQVLWRULDV
$UTXLWHFWXUDDELHUWD
/DFDVDDELHUWDFRPRGHVWLQR\RULJHQ
(OPXQGRGHKR\1XHYDVFLUFXQVWDQFLDV
9DULDEOHHLPSUHGHFLEOH
0RYLOLGDG
3UR\HFWRDELHUWR
7UDQVIRUPDFLyQFRPRYDORU
0XHUWHGHOKRJDU
1XHYDVKHUUDPLHQWDVGHWUDQVIRUPDFLyQ
/DFDVDDELHUWDFRPRGHVWLQR
7D]DGHWp
8QLQVWUXPHQWRPXVLFDO
3ODFHU\GLVIUXWH
&DVDRVR
/RTXHSHUPLWHPiVTXHORTXHHV
'HVGHVLHPSUH
(OPXQGRGHKR\&DPELRGHUXPER
5%XFNPLQVWHU)XOOHU()6FKXPDFKHU\-RDQ$0HOp
Ä1DYHHVSDFLDO7LHUUDெDODGHULYD
&LQFRYDORUHVTXHJRELHUQDQQXHVWUDQDYH
/DYLYLHQGDDFWXDOHQHOPXQGRGHVDUUROODGR
$TXt\DKRUD
&LQFRYDORUHVDOWHUQDWLYRV
/DFDVDDELHUWDFRPRRULJHQ
/DYLYLHQGDGHOQXHYRUXPER
(VSDFLRGHOLEHUWDG
,GHQWLGDG
'HVSHUWDGRUGHFUHDWLYLGDG
&RQIURQWDFLyQHVWtPXOR\GLVWDQFLDPLHQWR
1LGRRFXHYD
/DFDVDDELHUWD6tQWHVLVFRQFHSWXDO
(ODUTXLWHFWRDQWHODFDVDDELHUWD
³&RPRVLODJHQWHLPSRUWDUD´
%HOOH]DHQORQHFHVDULR
'HVDSUHQGHUSDUDSDUWLFLSDU
(GXFDUDODVRFLHGDG
(ODUTXLWHFWRGHODFDVDDELHUWD
$WULEXWRVGHODFDVDDELHUWD
$WULEXWRVGHKDELWDFLyQ
$ELHUWDDOFDPELR
9HUVDWLOLGDG
$WULEXWRGHUHVSHWR
$ELHUWDDOIXWXUR
6RVWHQLELOLGDG
/DFDVDDELHUWDHQODKLVWRULD
$UTXLWHFWXUDWUDGLFLRQDOMDSRQHVD
$UTXLWHFWXUDHXURSHDKDVWDHOVLJOR;9,,,
7UHVJHQHUDFLRQHVGHOPRYLPLHQWR0RGHUQR
(ODUTXLWHFWRDELHUWR
3HUPHDELOLGDG
(ODVWLFLGDG
$WULEXWRVGHSURJUHVR
$ELHUWDDODHYROXFLyQ
$GDSWDELOLGDG
3HUIHFWLELOLGDG
0RYLOLGDG
$WULEXWRVGHFRQFHSFLyQ $ELHUWDDORQXHYR 6RFLDELOLGDG
,QGHWHUPLQDFLyQ
'LVJUHJDFLyQ
3ODQWDOLEUH\IOH[LELOLGDGLQWHULRU
9LGDFRPXQLWDULD
9LYLHQGDPXHEOH
1XHYRVPRGRVGHYLYLU
&DVDFUHFLHQWH
/LEHUWDGGHGHFLVLyQGHOXVXDULR
3URGXFFLyQHQVHULH\SUHIDEULFDFLyQ
0HFDQLVPRVLQWHULRU±H[WHULRU
1XHYDREMHWLYLGDG\H[LVWHQ]PLQLPXP
(VWLOR,QWHUQDFLRQDO
3UHIDEULFDFLyQ
'HODJXHUUDDORGRPpVWLFR
(QPRYLPLHQWR
,QIUDHVWUXFWXUD\YLYLHQGD&RPXQLGDG
1HFHVLGDGHVHPRFLRQDOHVDVRFLDFLyQHLGHQWLGDG
9HUQiFXOR
0yGXORVSUHIDEULFDGRVDJUHJDEOHV
,QGXVWULDOL]DFLyQDELHUWD
3RUWiWLO
2SWLPLVPRWHFQROyJLFR0HJDHVWUXFWXUDVPXWDQWHV
$UTXLWHFWXUDVLQDUTXLWHFWRV
(OKDELWDQWHVDELR
6RSRUWHV\XQLGDGHVVHSDUDEOHV$GDSWDELOLGDG &RQWHQHGRUWHFQROyJLFRYDULDEOH
7HUFHU0XQGR$UTXLWHFWXUDLQDFDEDGDGHSDUWLFLSDFLyQ
3ULPHU0XQGR$UTXLWHFWXUDGHPRFUiWLFD
3ULPHUPXQGR9LYLHQGDVFUHFLHQWHV
9tQFXORVYHFLQDOHV
3HVLPLVPRHFROyJLFR0RYLPLHQWRVDOWHUQDWLYRV
9LYLUHQFRPXQLGDG
9LYLHQGDLQGHWHUPLQDGD
9LYLHQGDPXHEOH
5HVXPHQ
3HQVDUHOKDELWDU
'LVJUHJDFLyQ
6RVWHQLELOLGDG
9HUVDWLOLGDG
3HUPHDELOLGDG
(ODVWLFLGDG
$GDSWDELOLGDG
3HUIHFWLELOLGDG
0RYLOLGDG
6RFLDELOLGDG
,QGHWHUPLQDFLyQ
&XDGURUHVXPHQ
&RQFOXVLRQHV
%LEOLRJUDItD
/D SURIXQGD FULVLV GH OD µQDYH HVSDFLDO 7LHUUD¶ TXH FRKDELWDPRV FRPR OODPDED %XFNPLQVWHU )XOOHU D QXHVWUR SODQHWD \ ORV LPSDUDEOHV FDPELRV HQ ORV PRGRV GH YLGD RFFLGHQWDOHVGHPDQGDQXQXUJHQWHFDPELRHQHOPRGHORGHYLYLHQGDTXHODVVRFLHGDGHV µGHVDUUROODGDV¶SURSRUFLRQDQDVXVFLXGDGDQRV /RV QXHYRV PRGRV GH YLGD VRQ YDULDEOHV H LPSUHYLVLEOHV LQFDSDFHV GH VHU SUHGHWHUPLQDGRV HQ XQ SUR\HFWR DUTXLWHFWyQLFR µFHUUDGR¶ /RV DYDQFHV WHFQROyJLFRV FRQGXFHQ D OD PRYLOLGDG OD GHVDSDULFLyQ GHO KRJDU WUDGLFLRQDO OD LQWHUUHODFLyQ GH ORV HVSDFLRV GH YLYLHQGD \ WUDEDMR \ DQWLFLSDQ OD OOHJDGD GH WLSRV GH YLGD PiV GLQiPLFRV \ PHQRV OLJDGRV D XQ VLWLR HVSHFtILFR (Q FXDQWR D ODV IRUPDV GH UHODFLyQ GLVPLQX\H OD GXUDFLyQ GH ORV FRPSURPLVRV DIHFWLYRV \ FUHFH HO Q~PHUR GH SHUVRQDV FRQ XQD YLGD DO PDUJHQGHODIDPLOLDWUDGLFLRQDORSURGXFWRGHODGLVJUHJDFLyQGHSUR\HFWRVIDPLOLDUHV