Journal of the Siam Society [XIX]

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SIAM SOCIETY

BANGKOK 1.925. ll'I,,IU«•Kl

tu

Ml~UilH•I'¥1 tl(

thn fin,;•h•ty

THE SIAJ\t\ SOCIETY ,... ,,,... t-.a,,,.. in honour of the then reigning Chief oE Ohiengmai, Chao As far as can be ascertained Mr. McCarthy never visited mountain himself and perhaps did not know its real name. It is a ve'ry general rule among geographers. that where any geographical feature has a local name that nam~ should be. pt·~served. Now our inountain hta~s a well recognized local ns.me $!1l!ld that name is Angka, sometimes o~:Llled 1.\:ngka Luang to distinguish it frorfl a~ small peak, .Angka N oi, on t}le shoulder of the mountain itself ; occasionally the name is shortened to Ka. If you l~~pened to be in· the neighbourhood of this moun;tain and ask for '.[)bi Intan on no one would know anythiBg abontY~~eh a mountain but if you mentioned Doi .Angka every -villager wo:#ld know at once what you t:nea:nt. D~·.

fi:ofisS:tis, the German botanist who travelled in Norther11 Sbn1 in 19~:4--1906 1 complains bitterly of the . difficulty. h.e had h.1 findingf'f~he mou~tain, :as no one had ever heard of its "arbi~rily giV'en n.ame"; thib~ .did not deter him, howe-v~t:J ftol)l. dt~;;bbing its highest point ' Richthofen Peak.' ..

~~'~:,~ame Angka (t~1nl) is usually ~l::plained by ·~h,€l local ' ,t, 1923) on account of the short time that has elapsed since the conclmlion of tlw journey. The principal questions considered in the course of t.he PoliHh Expedition are the following : (a) Studies to determine if the intensity of solar radiation in the successive parts of the spectrum, measured after passing through the atmosphere, differs in the progressive geographical latitudes bo~ tween Europe and the equator, and to what degree. Ey using special coloured-glass filters (red, green and violet) a. new fact was discovered and established, namely, that the intensity of the red part of the solar spectrum gru,dually decreased from Europe toward the equator (vide T'able attached). (b) Monthly and diurnal variations of the solar radiation intensity, both as to the total, and also the intensities in the different parts of the spectrum.

(

25

)

TABLE.

Progressive decrease to the Eqmttor of the intensity l1l the red and infra-red part of the solar spectrum in relation to the total solar radiation intensity. At noon

11-13 hour::;

--~- i I Zenith Air Total 'X) 1 Distance Temp. Intensity of tho intensity 1 of the Sun Cent. (MlLxirnum in red and I V!Llue) infl'll.-red

_________ ,_____ ,___ -------- ------- --------

Date 1923

Hem arks (Ship's position)

On boat·d MJS "Jutlandia", motor-ship of the Danish East-Asiatic Co. A)

l\Iarch

8

13 18 20 28

B) 1\fai

43° 39° 30° 22°

so

16° 15° 21° 2R')

31°

aJ

'fJ

olilml~ rtima.in unpaid. tm,,ulhtml $ba,U therc~a;ft~:w t'i!f!eive three notices, a. Ul(mMa eiteh, notifying him that, tm'Les.~ Uw expiration nf tho yt1n.r, hia nama th~J folluwiug y1.~ar, hr~ autotntJ.tion.lly removed

if bi!S wiH,

of nu~ul:b~Wr:!l. Mend:w:!,rg, who al.rll· lt~~nt from Si11.m temporttrily for n. pc~rk.ld

. thete is no a.ccQ't:ro:t o£ it, 'th~t I aw$,;r;&:o£) in· English, and th~•e ~~1\tso:ns tn.ust lJ1~; tl;u::~re:fore, my apology for speaking of it to-night.

., . ,

· •.

.

..

··

My archaeological. •notes,. then, will be cotrfio.ed tq the ' Wat Maha 'rat ', which is situated. Qut~ide ,the w.a11s, il). a 11argow bend or ~Mre. river Me Yom, and the other tema;:tl~~ ·'Which I shall ~ake will be in connectio~1 with the· Pottery ;~~.~~t)i \vl;tich eristed in former . days, and which . still . requi~E?·.. ~tl(}b , in'vestigation before their true character and period can li>e ·a~:fini.tE:~ly fixed. This )a£'ter is a subject that properly belongs to the .Section ofFine Art~, and only tecently in February last· '~1'. Sebastiat}t who is undertaking .a study of Sawankalok ware,· gaye us aq,i•'w!~~~irable

( 65

)

lt3ctnre on this chapter of Siamese art,. But as I have certain interesting objects to show you, and it is not convenient to hold another. exhibition of Sawanka,lok Ware so soon after that giv·en in February, I hope that you will not oq~ect to the subject being dealt with in tl1e. Archaeological Section. I promise,. at any. r~te, to try and give 'my words as much of an archaeological smack as will satisfy any possible critics on this point.· In regard to the Pottery Kilns, it may riot be known to all. of you that in 1900 Sir Thomas Lyle, K. B. E., c. M.G., then H.ll M. Vice 'Consul in the north of Siam, made a study of the Sawarildtlok Kilns, at the instance of a Mr. Thomas Boynton, and wrote a report whieh was afterwards, in Aprill901, printed in "Man,'' a monthly ree~rd o£. Anthropological Science (No. 41) : and that a few years after':wards, as t)le result of a second visit, he supp1ied to the Anthropological ]·nstitute of Great Britain a most detailed account ·of. the Kilns and the situation. This report was made the subject of a paper read befo1'e the Japan Society by Mr. C. H. Read on Nove1uber lOth, .J9.0H. I :will now deal :with et:wh of these two sub,j ects i;J1I tl!t'Il. I. THE TEMPLE OF l\iA:S:A-TAT. For your information, I may say that new S~~vl%nkalok; lh~$ mostly on the east bank on a bend of,the ri:ve-.: .M~ Yon1.,a tribtttary of the 1\{enarn Chao Phraya, and )s an hour's run by r~~l; going almost clue west, from Eandara, a station on the Northern ]r,1P.e.;4,f50 kilometres; or 280 miles, north of Bangkok. For those desiring to visit Sawankal6k nowadays, the rtnillil •t1"&in- on Wed11esday or Sunday will bring one to :EanCU1ra ou · T~'l;lrsday or Monday morning at 6.25, or if one prefers'·to wait:u,t · ,Pitsanulok, to Bandara at 10.21 a.m .. and thence to sa:,~anka:Jok: at 11.38 a.m . . To ··catch the. mail train on the re~t1rn journey,' Ohe . •leaveSawank8Jok on Tuesday or Friday at' .1 p.m. aucl r~~t 8 o1' .. :~()urs ~ither at Ba11dara or Pitsanulok, ·a~thr,i~g in' :Ea~gkok. o:n •W'e~uesday or Saturday morning. Thus: ·by leaving ~angkok .~I~ ~u~day- al:J.d. returning the following Saturday,· one Call h~ye fqur £t,1ll . i' Yawt,' or pinnatcle. As farM I know, it hasno counterpart ~l\\'lewhe:r:"e in Siam, and in style is more lib the gyteah Stupa t~tt .~robodur in Java th\tn any other building known to me~ It cerV3fh:lily do€s not convey a.nyimpression of'heing o£ ~Thai' atcbiteoture, ' h~t 1l(.ppea;rs :to he rnneh Dearer to the original Iudia.ri type .o£ stupa. ' 'l'ht!~ three building~ a,re enclosed by a lot).g bu~ lorw wall :of {t~t:i;e.ti~:. :mea,~Sitrrn:~ 10·(!) >< 48 i'Jteps, with:\vn openingin':th~ ~utte on .a; ·:fi:ne ·Jin~~f!i v:e·. d0ubl:e· .entrfllnee' on t\1e ·' e~n~1 .~u

ill!te~t~t,.··w~~:h··

6.8

)

there are three small chapels attached, on the. south, west, and nortl~. ;•;

height of a, ll\lan, are \f· small reetangular holes, said to havce been made for v¢ntilati:oD:·; { ·during and aft.er construction. I pioW'd up tiles which had fallen from the ambulatory . . roofs, and fotmd them to be of red semicstoneware, very strong . re-sonn:ding; one kind rectangular about $" x 4° w~th: a l:dge, another of a large semi-circular type. 1](} rfulh:e eastern side of the ' Plvra. PrCif{l,,g ' the 1nain ' is mttached, aJ'l:d ~ind the central Buddha in the Wihilln Btliliil'way oolitld!i'lrlng as a narraw flight of st~ps up to lilOOir the top of th~ ' Ph-ra, Prdng: '. At th.e top 9f the s~eps

69 'l'hat to the right is of the forma.l, more conventional type; but what is remarkable is that immediately behind it there is half of .a second standing Buddha. to be f5een, the lower hal£ of which ha.s sunk deep in~o the grO'Q•nt all these buildings were not erected at one and the same time. I am not here tb-night to inflict upon you my own u.mateur speculu.tions on this subject, but I consider the question to be a most important one, and I wish to suggest to this Section that the whole series o£ buildings would well merit detailed investigation by some competent critic, versed in the a1:chitecture of Siam and the neighbouring countries. As ff'),

1696 (6l)l)lf'li:l), 6196 (li:l6lff'tJ), 6691 '(tJii:lr.ff') and 1696 ( 6\li:lf!'Q:>).

possibly refer to the year of manufacture ?

Can any of these

80 ~rhc :tigures cannot reprmmnt the "Ma,ha S:.'tkiiri1t," which only

began in 78 A. D., or the "Chll.Et SitktLri1t," which started much later still, in 639 A. D. rnwy could only represent the Buddhist

Era, according to which 1669 (61'V'Vo tihQI}e .'£ sl&~1li~ Cti.tl~lx~· mn .. mattr.esse·S o~, ,i;p :l$~ing;~g. ~a'J!Th;tl}:IJ~~~;. Tl1ey cs.p b1,1y 11~? ftdo.pt' pbiidren 11nd; once,. l:!J: ~~7yt ~ (~~~~~

(

89

)

to the parents of a ehild, tlie parents immediately Jose all righb

over it. They oa.n disO'Wn their children, as .we can; at ooy tifn;e. Marriage consists in the buying and selling of girls a.nd' the ~nta fix the price oi tbeir daughters according to- their looks, the lowest pr:iee l>eing fifty ad. the high0at three hundred rupees. :Jef~~: ~ marriage th~ parents hold discussimt, ·the agll'eem~t .WW4ileJi the parties depenq$ on the utterances of the fortune-tellers. · · :Wh$ an agreement be·en reached the bridegroom's party make a. deposit accord~ng *the price to be paid for the bride,and tl\ey·fix a day Oil. whi~J:;t. tq. f~tch her; this depending again~~ what t\le f~~­ t~ll~:says. Wh~n .the .appoint¢ da.y .arrives, the parents of .~he brid~ bri»g her to,the bridegroom's honae together •wit& her a.~ntlants. 'l'he l}rid~gJ"OO~. then. sacri:fices to the spirits, a&king t)a.e~ ~ • . prot~ct; th~m .anli give them pJ:Osperity. Afterwar4s a ... feBiSt .is la.eld co~isti:ng of 1pot:k and . chicken, washed.·down with . ~i.J-j,ts, ~d · then .th~ hri~~f>m's party,.pa.y the. remainder of,~he p:q,~c~e money wed t~ ,~ becomes the man's property,. T;he ,p&r~~ .OJ"

a

a,a

baa

'I

¥'

·g~f!.rdi'D.& of,th~.-~J. have.tb:en lst ,tfhar

rigllt., ~~ ,l'f'~:Q·r.~~)r••. ·paidior1 ~ , .·~they, harve beGQ'Qle mf!>;n.an.;l. w.~4 tl\~J ~~~

if::'

sep&r4,~,,1~ 1 ~~~y·:~~;~ ~ is.~~~~nsi; th~ ;wi,~"Qfjl\e 1 .~~

¥lc1 t~~ ~~J w:i~l ~~~~r ~cJ,n~ o:o:ly th~. gVfilt~ ~~ :~ u.~hiihe v~l~g~~ f9'~ :w)li~.~~~·~ ~ v~:t,~ric4i~~;~.pQ,~·:. ' . . . . .••. b ..... ··~ ·h ~ . ~{¥,l··'o ··~ • , , 1 ,'! ,,~S. J;~r~~.~~Vlpg, -~~ ,; ,;t t~, ·. '.·.·. ~ ,ree. ' .. ,fa:.

*'•t

b~~Ji\e ~bEt~~~ ,liq ait:ll~;~~M~~~~~~ jjq,~i: .. · ,.t_ A · ;a_....• ,1'1'1~~·1·•,;,,,,.~a:,,.,·, ...,.,,:.+:1\.. $he ,.,.a:..:.t .· . .~~· . ,1,

th~~t~X"!:: f'"r~'a.~""li"'h 1il a.n..:i .e.;...,: :--im-~QJUe.....~·"""~v..~~.

I

~

Q

+

Vl'W flflUVi'U

6il:I'Utll1m

'Vlm 'Vlmril

!fl'-J

"'

Stone

mu

Gold Money, Metal Currency Obsolete eoits

'VlflUt!I~HJ~

Eill1bl?lS l "'""

~rass

'VlflU!l91S

V;s'L~~

Coppt~r

' ~'U

Lead

'L~d

Fire

'L~'J1~m

Srnoke

1i'lt1

Ashes

r~uWJn~1~~ltl

I

wuffnt~

...

J;:

I

I 'Vll

.1

'll!'Vll

f

I

tnu

mu

'qt,...

b'-l

I;;;- l I bl?l'Jtn'U

'"ll91·1~

l~fll~'d

~1J1~

·l~m-~1~

•

Charcoal

To light a fire To put. out, a fire

d '1Jl

lfl'-J

li'orest

&ru1~

a &is

Tree

'Vlfl!lwi"-Y

Root

d'lfl

nn l?IU 1~

..!.

m

Branch

nJ~un

"-' .M U~H ~'U

~a.rkor

~n1~

Hlls 1~m

Fruit

Husk

( 111 )

Yao

Siamen

English

-n--

lt\•n

\1•lu

Iron

~

I 'fufi:N

Creek

,]1

!I»>

Wa.ter

flflO' J:i

l&)it l~ijt

Flower

lu\t

l&)itf\\lfl'-1

Leaf

t\'\11

OtaSS

.t\an~

'~" t\t!b2J~l

nb.J

t\'lftlSJ~llftUl

Ba.n&o.a.

~

~ul'it

Mango tree

~uftm

Mango

O~l4tt

Suga.rea.ne

Gfllllul'i:

Pepper Vine

Awbv:

Tobacco

-m:w *i-m\l"tJ2J

Tea. Tea leaf

l~ti'-IUNJ:

Indian Corn

-2J'\t

Long be&n

I

tnscm dbu tlldbtt ~l"!ltt

}

)i""' ftl'"'" Vll.~

t

VlfJ ,.,...,

,

,,,,,..

111

~Otltl

Ba.na.na. tree

atu

Groundnut

6!12.1

11f

Onion

m:~f\tt)J ~

~\l tlbtt

Garlic Potato

wfh

~\llll

Ohilly

1'11 &dtoo

lftm'J

P&di

tal1un

(

SiamoE~e

116

)

English

Yao

Husked den

....

l'llll'fJ!l.J

J.. ;t.

'U~"lJ:

Boiled rice

tis "'ll3

Glutinous rice

L-

I

vr.nu !'Ill tl~fll~l ....

..:.

....

~1s

. mm

Sow rice broadcast Transplant rice

n:1tim

Reap rice

1~ 1ilm

Bind rice into sheave s

l'lll

~vm

Boil rice

Am~h 1~1

~:WJ~

lflml'lll

v,.~

....

ov

Rice mortar I

ft'ln@\11~1

rmll.l

V\lJfll~l

tlm'l!s

~tJ

'~

m:ufl

.Lrwn~

Rice pestle Rice pot Rai (2/5 ths of an aero) Buffalo

Bullock I

I

Lr1m1!JtJ

'ilW\UmJ

n:fl~

a'l'l.JVIU

Sladang (Large :Bi~on)

LVIbs

Goa.t

.1:

I

I

:1-mm~~ ~

. I

!V\1

~

Cow

Oat

Dog

LWU~

rro bark

!1~

To bite

vs

Pig

1miJ

Deer

v~

Squirrel

'l.m

Rat

( 117 )

'gngliah

Siatlll!IM

I

l~tJ,J

Wild hoar

:ru

Mmtkey

ft:llll

'I'iger

:tnm.~

Boor

j

!\..11

Het'HU

Eleph1tut

dlnf I

1

Rhinoceros

lUll

i

1"111 Al'!tJ

, ;JV1Uiillfl1

1~u m.n

3J1m1J~)

Gat's claw

~1t'I-\:IJ1

,r~~

Dog's ta.il

!~ti~Wt'lh

Wild hoar's tusk

l\ttl!l\lfrh eJ3JVIlhitl

nt'lt·u un 1rl~'"'~

j

l

wnn

13ufl8.lo hom

i 3J'l'tlf

llorAe' R ma.no

I~~ntrlfl

mephanVa tusk

l ~1!1\U'¥:

l'Hl'd

Iul111m

Gock

1r1f!"jl!Jtl

i utiwu

Hen

rt\r~

I

nrn

11'11\'U'I!Jiljl

j Orow

um"lll

Imtn:u~::

I 'lurtlo dovo

I

I

~t.l

Duek

I

thnun

mu1::~mi~

~nu11

lV!'\.1.'¥:~:

"'IUUf1

tVJ'\.1.1'!

:i.h.\li

AV!U1:~~1U

Neat

1.0

miJ

Egg

nt~nt-rl

1~1 mi'J

To Ia.y eggs

flu

't;r

1'o fly

nJ

Beak Wing l!1eathor

(

118

m.Jm

FiHh

Lm.J

Shell

uY.Jm

!1111

Wfl'U

Crab

't~

Tortoise

'\.m

Snake

~l"l'W

Lizard

ms

Frog

I

._..

'l!l'W!"'ll

Toad

lyU

Fly I

I

!!~~~~~ ~:1!:

.II;

e.J-1 l9\'le.J-Y

&-lc

mu'U

Mosquito

!~'J

Ant

.....

I

mmn

Spider

f~~'l'U

Bee

I

._..

111m

'UleJ~

~:I'U

.!: lc

~:l'U {is

"'I

e.J-1

Honey Wax

!~'Ul..\ .....

ri'U~'i!l'U

. ri'UrJ"'V!~~

Fin

~~mJ'U

• lis;

m.J

Engliah

Yao

Siamese

I

)

Human being

I

).

·"

I

lis;-

i'j

UJ'W !fl'US !~'U'W l~'W

!'l!'U:: I 'l.l'W

Male Woman

!~fl~~~

!'W'U:: IPHJ'W

~~nf'i!l'U ~~mtn 1

Girl

!~'W IA'U~ l9\r:J'W 'tn~1

Boy

I

Fl'UUfl

L ~~u n I~'Uu I

'tri .I m:~ I

11~

~l

+

A

Child Old man Husband

Wife Mother

••a.t&H'ttt't. l

gNtllldft~Lher

.:.J.u~lit.a·u~""'

grandfather

Shcmldfjt' At'Utpit Arru

Iia.nd

Right hand

120

I

YM

~d'llnU~g':j1fl

!~'l.l!~'U:wltl'U~'tl

w~~Of.fu'1.tl1u ~1

'U'5tJJ'UltU'1H:W Ufl'tJ

·.nuii tru1t~1tl h~ ~1

tJ::tJ'J'tl! ~m~mt:w

A

ThiH liroe iR {:,~:~,ller tlum

I

1

I

llULllgo kll(l

I am going to markot I como from thll market 'l'o-morrow I am going into the foreHt I went into the forest yesterday

'Wltll'W

"' + rm1:u:w~

In front of tho house

V\g;j"hnu

mtfi~

At the back of tho

house

1P.U:Wl 'VI llu'IJm:11

VrWJAmmtJ

Who ia there ?

11.-ft t LVI:W'tl mvntJ~f

What did you stLY ?

~1U:0~ ~~ ~rl'W

i1\'tJV1lJ1tt~:w: lill'U

1m~:~~rm ~1tm1

rn (!)

,..>::!

H

(

149

the case of Khmer mouumentK in Simu, such as those of llimai . ' where oue can easily recognise the traces of non-completion. Other monnmentK bear the Rame testimony. I made fnrther observations at Angkor Wat with the same result!:!. I then recollected an old tradition with us here in Siam that whoever builds .a monastery should leave :;omething to his posterity to complete, otherwise he, ··too, completes his own life l We may possibly, then, have g~t this idea from the Khmer, though of course the formation ot such. ar1 idea is not likely before a nation has spent the energy of its life. Tho• more likely reason is that these monuments were conceived on such a grand scale, that they necessarily took more than a single life-titn•e to complete. Therefore the construction o£ tt monument would conveniently pass through three probable stages, first, just enough w~uld be built for saet-i:ticial purrJoses ; then exterior carvings would be added . if: the builder were still living; last of all, the interiot~ engraving more o.Eten than: not would be left to .a later generation to complete. Another remarkable feature of the Angkor Monurne.nts it~

that

ttll

symbolism.

the more important ones changed in their rl;111g1ous Some were

ttt

first

Hindu, but afterwards We1ie

converted to Buddhist purposes, whilst others originally :Buddlust• ))ecame Hindu.

You can see alterations in the carving plainly•

enoug·h. . Why 1110 ? One would l}e).'liaps tl~in~ tr1at wt one tirwe o1· another there were religious \l~anges ~y force; ~omewbat in the same way as tlie Church ~£St. Sophia. a~ OonstantilllO}~le became a Moslem Mosque. But I' do riot th&tult this, Muld lnwo been the case b~cause no ¥estig.es of ;religicn'l.~ l~err$(!l:9utjons dr fighting are to be found .in ,Khmer 'h~~.tory. ~B. .the jn.seriptions' o£ the Khmer Kings, we £ittd.·· rnonardlli:s ~prdfessing ,dAe of the'so 1:oligions in preference to the other, ?i' Ov'Oll, , bpth 'Stlltili'J'taliOOUI'l~J', but the ouilstand~ug fa~t is, that the~6 n.evet' il;J~istecl ~J1.Yi l~osh!ility betwee~ the two at aLL I ·.1relieve ~ro~¢sso~~.dPi11ot, ~h.e )?t:eaident of the Ecole Fit1Jn9aisG d' E~tr~m~J• ()~.~gntr .i~ :right .in thinking that ~hilst Eud4hism, which is after 'all ·sir.Qp~.y a ~ode of · morality, appealed t'>

SitLJll

or :uwblwr country,

''~ f/:W!W"lv~:i~~~'Vlfitlii!Wii'l:l~ wrl~l-r!dTTI'iHl'i'llW ".

"'

Tlw

word" ~~~~l " is a Sanscl'it word 11Wi1lling " Old" ttnd the sentence means:-'' His Majesty the old King "died". 'rhis old King was Malm Dltarmamju,, whom I refened to nmlcr Note No. I, and lw iH here called the old King, '"

l

Toad

•nu mJ 'II:~

gob

I

gub khatn

I

. Jl'ly

lllJtll :l\.1

m.n~Ju

Meng mun

Mosquito

~1

yung

~!~ll

Eutterlly

,n,~

takma

V.UfJU

Caterpilla.1·

lJfl

Ant

I )JPJ

umu 'rl"' ~J Ull ~.y

Spider

i Lnr nm

Ji ~t

Honey

~ ~3

v~

'111~

.J

AU~ 'lfl{J AU

et Vl9}1

l~n

'DiU

r l~n rVl'ijf ~~n 1an 1

1

mot g6ng gwao nii.m phu'ng

Wax

Human Being

tdu r,tu

ben kuu

!

.,

! non

V.UllU

t~ ~f u~~t ~ ~3

Bt:~G

n.lu )JVN~ t11jWtf'

I

,,fl

to phu'ng

khi plm'ng

cha,t kuu

~u

tln J!lllti

kun po chai

Man

f,l'il

Woman

nu u~ ~: Vltq:DDU ~El

!oy

I

Girl Child, Infa.ut

l

kun llil1U

VIR:':fHJU Uti '}j~ I

me ying

Itt on po chai la. on me ying

Vlfl:fl!l'W UPU

la on deug

QU 1rn

kun bao

ei1

Old Ma.n Hu.sbtuld

te~

phb

l~tl

Wife

llJ

me

filu

l

un

l

'N'el I

II:W ~n

•1nu

Fatllf.IL' Mother

~tlfJ UVIlJ

tne

Son

fn tltl"llU

l11k po chai

I

i pi$

(

~m

a:::

~f.'ll'W

'l!l!U 'l!'W

~f.'ll'W

fnJ

)

.

fl1

English.

Fi1 lVltJ f.'~ l\1

198

G)

~'f)

Lti

Daughter

~n mJ

luk sao

Grand son

~:Nl'W "llU ~'W

lau chiLi din

1 Grand

a:::

~

daughter ~:NlU UTJ ~'\.1

Ian sao din

Great Grandson

~:Nl'W

Hi.n

V!:NlU :N'l'J 'l!U l!i!J

Great Grand daughter

~~l'W

Ian

~

'l!l'U

Elder brother

rll'U

ai

:N'lJ

Elder sister

fl~

i bi

.Wm 'lfl'U

Younger brother

t!"m "lliU

nong chiLi

,.m~ ~l'J

Younger sister

UlHm'J

nong sao

J. !I.~fl'i'l ~flUe)~

Cousin

~n ~ ~n ,tm

luk pi luk nong

Grand father

tlu 1Vl:N~

po long

Grand mother

me long to

V!:NlU 'l!l'U '11'\.1 l!i!J a:::

.!.

~

1\

.~n ~

~I

Body

!!'VI~ 1Vl:NJ 1~

~

Head

LV!

ho

Hair

e.J:W

phom

Face

mll

na

mn:1~1'ln

Skull

n:LV\m LV!

galong ho

Vl'Ul e.Jlfl

Forehead

@11 ~nm

Eye

!lrl:W

Cheek

un:w

\'

Ear

~

"l~\1 @l~fl

Nose

w~-s

hu hu dang

Ul\1

Mouth

Uln

pak

eJ.:ltJ lfl

Lip

ill-l thn

himpak

1

Jtlli(J'Ul

m n~m~U

., Vi'J IO!Jhl: e.J:W

....

~'Ul

....

....

~u 1

t:nn

!!~'W~l ....

naphak

gEm ti1 gem

(

Ffl lVItJ

Engliflh.

199 )

I

I

• !!(

moo Ltt ..-·--- .............-·--"-·-·-·--···

~-· I

~'U

Tooth

~u

, 't'on gu u

\<lm

'"'

,,)j~du

•mrn1m 'lnJJ:1m JtLW ~U~Pl ~ HlY Btmrd

khiu

lin khamit ya.b

~~tUI1

not

Nook

Pill

kho

U1

Shoulder

ill.! th

pombii.

rnut

Armpit

"'l:ut"

khahe

U'IJU ...

Arm

U"'lU

khan

)Jn

mti'

!ii'J'IIll

Hand 1\ight hand

11n~'ll

mfi' kh5

i'Jl.liltJ

Left hand

!ifli"m

mti' sii.i

lllfl I

:!Jll

~J

Finger

1iu Dn

}

'k

Ul

Ineo

Nail

litJ

Chest

!ln 'tVJnn

leb ok hook

~EJn

Ul.l

Erea.st.

UlJ

nom

vlfu

l'3elly

·~m

tong

ff~fl

Na.vel

fl'~D

sadti'

~m «tm~1

Ba.ok rrhigh

tru~m

san lang

~YhtnPl

thihamlil.t

1"111 ~~~,

Knee

~~~,

hoa. khao

'111

I,eg

-u1

khli.

I

"'l1£lDU I

,...,.,

. 1

V!"'lu~~u

Toe

j~u ~~V!U~~u

ml.i

Skin

I V!W

~~n

Flesh

~u

Foot

~~u

Mn no.ng

h5 me tin chin

( 200 )

English

Fr·l

!

~'fl

~·~•-~•-'"'~''"'""'''•

!

• ·-•w

Lu

j' ' ' ' •w•••••w~·-·~••·w••••••••·

Ikhon

'DU

Body-hair

m:~n

Bone

ldtik

l~ll~

Blood

'llU

I

i

Ulllll

Tears

i lo't l ! nitro ti

m~u !~tJ

Sweat

1ho'

U~Ul.l

Milk·

nii.m nom I .

&-

Jlflfl'fl'l].: ...

AU~'W

..

!~fl

AUL'VJitJ L'VJitJ

fiU!oOl

I J

Urine

IYlii.O

Chinaman

jchek

Ichao tai

Siamese To oat Rice

1

...

li'Wl "'ll .t.

I kin khno

...

To drink Water li'WU1 "" ....1 To drink Spirits 11Um~

I

kin

Ili.IH

kill lao

Drunk

ll.ll

nmo

... !ng;)lJ

Salt

Hifl

go'

v-J1nl'Vl'Ll

Pepper

~mft.l~

phik noi

Jll;ll~

Sugar

tliPiru

nim t!ttl

'Wl)JU

Oil, Fat

u~l-1\J

1~

Egg

1~

lfl'fl

Coat

l:tb

mum

'l1rousers

~~m

&-

~

k

t.-1

I

kha.i ti.o

I

Loin-cloth

e.Jlflfl'{J

phi'i. lioi

lfl'fl.

Clothes

U~tJ~1

so' phi

l~l.l'lJ"~

Girdle

trlU!J~

siLi hang

et-i'twnm

Turban

~11'11fl t~

e.Jll{l k

Vll:~\l-1

... 1mm

Button-hole

.w~=~m.J

Shoes

. l1'lltJ

. phiL kit hO

I

"

httma.tom kheb

( 201 )

ffi Lllu

Ring

H~'J\.1

~l.!Jn I

9l'lf\'l ti~'t.~!l

i 1

&.1-ring

!rM.elut. Anklet

ftt!ltt Yl f)

: Neoklac•~

I

pok mo.'

l~un

rnOk

ftlU~

Jan ha

·1\,r\Jj oibu"Du

ging mai-kho

~nu4i

! { kho

'\~l.l~3.1iVlfU 1V~~

Imai j pha ham

Cotton eloth

dw,

Silk cloth

e.nu@f

pha.

l~U

'l'o .oow

J~tJ

y held em tho 29th of October, whEHl Mr. It~ May read a Papor on the British Legation Post O!Iiae ti·Rtablitdmd in Bangkok in 1882, at:companiecl by a display of .J3angkok "B'' Stamps, ldudly hmt for the onriH. lbtmmet'Rinith, }:..,ondon, \V. 6. Munsh i "5agh, Srinatrar, Kaahrnir.

181. T1u~

i::I'NJ•te5ake:feller

l!'(JUlt~.tiun.

. .. !ELngkok 'l:inu~s

Pt't:;• J.~tcl.

.. . H. 13. M. Or>:nllula.tlil"'O(Ulet'll.l, Eats. via. . .. Suriwcln.g&e lwfil. ••• Suriw(mpe Roa.d . o• ·r,\1.ect·runty • • V«>., rc ·r.uYU. "-1 ... I·;J,l!l.nt. ••• Siam Gcnrleut,.Oornr:>any. .l..tLd. ... Royal Pa.ges. Collt1ge. ,[lj

( 227

)

Paulger, R. PiRtono, 1!,.

... ~dtish An1t1rican Tobacco Co., Ltd. . .. l!"ine Arts Department, Ministry of Household. Piya Bhakdi, H. S. H. Mom Chao m1ttr Wat Eaw!tranivORr. Platltet'l)SO, Itemy d11 ... MiniRtry of JusticP. Poix, (Dr.) A ... WirtlhJaA Road. Pracba. Korakit Vicha.rn, H. E. Phya. ... Dii·MLor, Lo!'A.l Sanitary Department. Pramond1L, Luang ... Mhliat~ry of Commerce. Prisdang, H. H. Prince ... \Vindmill Road. Queripel. .A. L.

... Bomb!t.y Burn:Jah Trading Corporation, Ltd., Chiengmn.i.

Rae, W. W.

. .. Hong kong & Shanghai .Bank. .. . Sa.thorn H.oa.d. . .. Orionta.l Stores, Ltd . ... Siam Electricity Co., Ltd. . . . Depa.rtment of Public Health, Ministry of the Interior. ... Samsen Power Stati.on. . . . Chiengmai. •.. Ba.rtgkok Dclck Company, Ltd. ... Sia-m StE~am Navigation Co., Ltd. . .. Siam Electricity Co., Ltd. ... Off Suriwcmgse Road. ... !oml:>ay Burmah r:rrading Corporation Ltd . . . . Royal State I:tailways.

Ra.ggi, J. 0. Ra.mbusoh, T. &amussen, P.R. Redfield, (Dr.) J. It. Reea, H. :M:. Reinhard, (Dr.) A. 0. lteitb, J. ltelster, (Capt) V. L. Reuterberg I!;, Itobert, L. (Dr.) .Booth, A. V. Rorb Rukit, K.hun

Sakol, H. S. H. Mom. Oha.o Sa.ndst1~c.nn, 0. E. Scott, P.

Sebastian, E. G. Steen Sehosted

... Dept. of Public Health. ... Sta.t1dard Oil Co., Ltd. •.. An:gk)·Siam Corporati911 Lbd. •,• Bt~itish Lego.tion. .. . Ipc)h, F. M. S.

c 228

)

Seidenfaden, (Major) E. Senn, J. Siddhi Byakarana, Phra Simmons (The Rev.) 0. R Sinclair, J. 1ti. Slack, T. A. Smidt, Kai Smith, (Dr.) M. Smith, (Dr.) Hugh. lVI. Smith, E. Wyon. Sophon Petcharatana, Phra

... Siam Electdcity Co., Ltd. . . . Diethelm & Co. Ltd. .. . Ministry of Commerce. ... The Parsonage. ... Bangkok Dock Co., Ltd. . , , British American Tobacco Co., 'Ltd. . .. Siam Electricity Co., Ltd. ... Byculla, Malden, Surrey. . . . Ministry of Agriculture. ... Royal State Railways Dept. . .. Samsen.

Spigno, A. B.

... Building Section, Local Government Dept.

Stump, (Dr.) 0. W. Surbek, (Dr.) K. E.

, .. Rockefeller Foundation, Sathorn Rd. . .. Hospital, Pagar Alam, Palembang, Sumatra.

Swanson, J. H. Swanson, J'ames Sworder, J. Hope Tamagno, M. 'l'havenot, A. F. N. Thorpely, Dr. P. W. 'l'hune, E. Toms, (Dr.) H. W.

... Convent Road. . .. Siam Architects. ... 1'aiping, Perak, F. M. S. ... Tejo Road. .. . Singora (Legal Advism·.) ... Jayawan Road. . .. Siam Cement Co., Ltd., Bangsue. .. . Windmill Road.

'l'rustram, W. J.

. .. Dept. o£ General Statistics, Ministry of Finance.

Tyrer, H. Villenfagne, (Baron) J. De. Varn Vaidayakara, H. S. H. Mom Chao. Vernay, A. S. Walton, E. J.

. .. Anglo-Siam Corporation Ltd. . .. Belgian Legation, Constantinople.

. .. Ministry of Foreign Affah·s. . .. 219 Piccadilly, London. . .. c/o .Bombay Bur·mah 'rrading Corporation, Ltd., London. Warming, Lt.-Gen. P. L. E. ... Ministry of the Interior. Wergeni, T. ..~ East Asiatic Co., Ltd., Phr~.

( WuRtet\ ,Jnnr., J. D. Wui'>IAm. C. M.

Williuml«m, W.•l. fi'., e. ll. 1.1.

220

. .. lnt••runtiounl l