Flüchtlingssozialarbeit im Kontext von Krankheit und Behinderung: Eine qualitative Studie zum professionellen Selbstverständnis von Sozialarbeitenden [1. Aufl. 2020] 978-3-658-28734-4, 978-3-658-28735-1

Table of contents :
Front Matter ....Pages I-XIII
Einleitung (Doris Gräber)....Pages 1-7
Die Professionsdiskussion in der Sozialen Arbeit – eine anhaltende Suche nach Identität (Doris Gräber)....Pages 9-40
Methodisches Vorgehen I: Explorative Experteninterviews (Doris Gräber)....Pages 41-52
Das Forschungsfeld: Die Soziale Arbeit mit Geflüchteten in Deutschland (Doris Gräber)....Pages 53-113
Methodisches Vorgehen II: Episodische Interviews mit Sozialarbeitenden in Flüchtlingswohnheimen (Doris Gräber)....Pages 115-158
Bildhafte Konstruktionen von Sozialer Arbeit in den Interviews (Doris Gräber)....Pages 159-403
Interpretation und Diskussion: Die Selbstpräsentationen der Sozialarbeitenden im Spiegel der Professionsdiskussion (Doris Gräber)....Pages 405-437
Yes, but is this for any use? – Finale Einsichten und Ausblicke (Doris Gräber)....Pages 439-446
Back Matter ....Pages 447-492

Citation preview

Doris Gräber

Flüchtlingssozialarbeit im Kontext von Krankheit und Behinderung Eine qualitative Studie zum professionellen Selbstverständnis von Sozialarbeitenden

Flüchtlingssozialarbeit im Kontext von Krankheit und Behinderung

Doris Gräber

Flüchtlingssozialarbeit im Kontext von Krankheit und Behinderung Eine qualitative Studie zum professionellen Selbstverständnis von Sozialarbeitenden

Doris Gräber Berlin, Deutschland Dissertation an der Philosophischen Fakultät IV der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019

ISBN 978-3-658-28734-4 ISBN 978-3-658-28735-1  (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-28735-1 Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen National­ bibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. © Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2020 Das Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung, die nicht ausdrücklich vom Urheberrechtsgesetz zugelassen ist, bedarf der vorherigen Zustimmung des Verlags. Das gilt insbesondere für Vervielfältigungen, Bearbeitungen, Übersetzungen, Mikroverfilmungen und die Einspeicherung und Verarbeitung in elektronischen Systemen. Die Wiedergabe von allgemein beschreibenden Bezeichnungen, Marken, Unternehmensnamen etc. in diesem Werk bedeutet nicht, dass diese frei durch jedermann benutzt werden dürfen. Die Berechtigung zur Benutzung unterliegt, auch ohne gesonderten Hinweis hierzu, den Regeln des Markenrechts. Die Rechte des jeweiligen Zeicheninhabers sind zu beachten. Der Verlag, die Autoren und die Herausgeber gehen davon aus, dass die Angaben und Informa­ tionen in diesem Werk zum Zeitpunkt der Veröffentlichung vollständig und korrekt sind. Weder der Verlag, noch die Autoren oder die Herausgeber übernehmen, ausdrücklich oder implizit, Gewähr für den Inhalt des Werkes, etwaige Fehler oder Äußerungen. Der Verlag bleibt im Hinblick auf geografische Zuordnungen und Gebietsbezeichnungen in veröffentlichten Karten und Institutionsadressen neutral. Springer VS ist ein Imprint der eingetragenen Gesellschaft Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH und ist ein Teil von Springer Nature. Die Anschrift der Gesellschaft ist: Abraham-Lincoln-Str. 46, 65189 Wiesbaden, Germany

Zusammenfassung / Abstract

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2.1.5.

Sozialarbeitende als Verteidiger ihrer professionellen Zuständigkeit

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2.1.6.

Sozialarbeitende als reflexive, deutende Professionelle

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5.1.3.

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5.2.3.

Die zentrale Bedeutung der Metaphernanalyse

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5.2.4.

Ankerbeispiel

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133

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5 Methodisches Vorgehen II: Episodische Interviews Abtönungspartikel; relativiert zusammen mit wäre und bisschen die derbe Eröffnung

Dialogisch, kooperativ

Übergabe der Sprecherrolle

Selbstpräsentation statt Alltagerzählung -> verfolgt Eigeninteresse

Verweis auf vorheriges

exakter Zeitpunkt; Thesen: biografischer Wendepunkt, Verweis Erfahrung (Experte); historisch wichtiges Datum?

Deiktikum; Distanzierung: der Erzähler und die Flüchtlinge gehören keinem Kollektiv an

Verweis auf Vorheriges

Gesetzmäßigkeit; rechtfertigt das folgende Selbstlob

Klientel als Flüchtlinge; Fluchtaspekt, nicht Asylaspekt; auffällig ist der Versprecher bei den Kontingentflüchtlingen, dem ersten Fachbegriff, der im Interview fällt; zweimalige Explikation des Begriffs Flüchtling. Was auf den ersten Blick wie eine Detaillierung und Konkretisierung aussieht, entpuppt sich inhaltlich als vage (BosnienHerzegowina -> Jugoslawien; Flüchtlinge -> Menschen, die da sind -> ausländische Mitbürger; These: präsentiert sich als Experte, scheitert aber dabei

Vorschlagen: derbe Eröffnung Interviewerin [...] also MEIN ähm mein VORschlag wäre dass wir vielleicht erstmal anfangen dass Sie n Erwünschte Textsorte und thematische Eingrenzung bisschen (.) von Ihrer ARbeit erzählen. WAS Sie so TAGtäglich machen. 00:00:19-4 Gesetzmäßigkeit; Distanzierung von der Vorgabe der Interviewerin; Selbstpräsentation Interviewinteresse: Routinehandeln als Experte für Interviewsituation oder Thema?

Befragter mhm, (.) gut. muss man SO anfangen also wie gesagt ich bin sei:t 1993 als soZIALarbeiter tätig, also anfangs sozialberATER dann sozialarBEITER weil ich [hm] noch mal n berufsbegleitendes studium gemacht habe, ähm arbeite SEIT 1993 mit FLÜCHTlingen, (1) ANFANGS mit den SOgenannten kontingenzkontingentflüchtlingen aus bosnien-herzeGOwina [hm] oder BOSNIEN seinerzeit also ehemalige jugoslawien die hier nach berLIN gekommen sind; die warn in berlin weißensee untergebracht in so einem speziellen HEIM, seit 1997 bin ich in DEM heim in dem Sie AUCH [hm] gewesen sind. [hm] 00:00:58-3 JA:: u:nd nun muss man daZUsagen hm: das ist jetzt KEIne l::obhudelei aber wir sind mit SICHERheit eines der (.) VIEL BESSeren heime hier in dieser STADT, wei:l die: EIgentliche intentION der stadt berLIN ist PRImär die flüchtlinge oder die menschen die:: DA sind die ausländischen mitbürger müssen UNtergebracht werden. [hm] und sozIALarbeit in diesem SInne ist ERSTmal (.) gar nich so:: wird gar nich so intensiv geWOLLT, und wird auch gar nich so intensiv beZAHlt. „nicht gewollt“/ „nicht bezahlt“; Thesen: geringes gesellschaftliche Ansehen; Verweis auf Mandatswidersprüche; Geld/Ökonomie spielt eine große Rolle für den Befragten; für Soziale Arbeit sind andere Motive vorrangig; finanzieller Abstieg (Doppelstudium vs. Geringer Verdienst); nicht gewollt: Soziale Arbeit ist Außenseiter oder ungeliebter Kritiker

„viel besser“ hört sich erstmal gut an; „besser“ ist ein Komparativ, Vergleichsebene wird nicht benannt. Besser muss also nicht gut heißen. Idee: Auch „gute“ Heime können nicht über das Kritische der Organisationform hinwegtäuschen

2 Berufsgruppen/ Qualifizierungen?

Erst Job, dann Qualifizierung; Annahme „noch mal“: Zweitstudium, Präsentation als „hochqualifiziert“

Anfangs – dann: Entwicklung: Qualifizierung

Behältermetaphorik; Fragen: Was ist innen? Was ist außen? Durchlässigkeit? Stabiler oder flexibler Container?

Selbstverortung: Interview und wahrscheinlich auch Arbeit, findet in Berlin statt

Benennung des Arbeitsorts; andere Möglichkeiten wären: Gemeinschaftsunterkunft, Sammellager, Massenunterkunft, Wohnheim, Asylbewerberheim; „Heim“ ist ein euphemistischer Ausdruck (Heimat, heimelig); nicht aus Asylrecht, nicht politisch konnotiert. Keine Aussagekraft zu der Bewohnerschaft oder dem Nutzen. In Kombination mit „untergebracht“ -> nicht dauerhaft, kein angenehmes Wohnen; These: Heim als Übergang wird nicht kritisch hinterfragt. Varianztest mit Hotel: bezahlt/kostenlos, freiwillig/Zwang, aktive freie Entscheidung/ passives untergebracht werden

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5.3 Die befragten Sozialarbeiterinnen und Sozialarbeiter

5.2.5.

135

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5.3. Die befragten Sozialarbeiterinnen und Sozialarbeiter 5.3.1.

Das Sample - ein Überblick

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5.3.2.

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Zusammenfassung: Methodisch Suchen und systematisch Erforschen

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6.6.1.

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6.6.2.

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6.6.6.

Wissen – Erfahrung – Erfahrungswissen

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6.8.1.

Die Produktion Sozialer Arbeit

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6.8.2.

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6.8.3.

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6.9.1.

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6.9.2.

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Die Legitimierung von versorgender Hilfe

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