A Grammar of Classical Arabic [3 ed.] 9780300084375

Wolfdietrich Fischer’s Grammatik des klassischen Arabisch, Porta Linguarum Orientalin. NS XI, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1

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английский Pages [351] Year 2002

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A Grammar of Classical Arabic [3 ed.]
9780300084375

Author / Uploaded
Fischer W.

Table of contents :
Translator’s Preface
Translator's preface
Preface
Introduction
WRITING SYSTEM
The Alphabet (1-3)
Orthography (4)
Short Vowels (5-6)
Long Vowels (7-10)
Tanwin (Nunation) (11-12)
Tomarbutah (13)
Hamzah (14-15)
Maddah (16)
Shaddah (17-18)
Waslah (19-22)
Words Joined in Writing (23)
Abbreviations (24)
Numerals (25)
PHONOLOGY
Phonemes (26)
Pronunciation (27-32)
Vowels (28-29)
Consonants (30-31)
Stress (32)
Combinatory and Historical Phonology
Vowels (33-37)
Vowel Epenthesis (38)
Consonants (39)
Dissimilation of ا {hamzah) (40-41)
Dropping of ١ (hamzah) (42-43)
Assimilation (44-48)
Syllable Ellipsis (49-50)
Syllable Structure (51)
Shortening of Syllables (52)
Auxiliary Vowels (53-54)
Pausal Forms (55-57)
MORPHOLOGY
Root and Morpheme (58-60)
Nominal Forms
Preliminary Remarks (61)
Stem Pattern Morphemes (62-63)
Suffixed Pattern Morphemes (64-65)
Prefixed Pattern Morphemes (66)
"Weak” Root Stem Patterns (67-70)
Substantive
Primary Substantives (71-72)
Feminine Substantive Ending -atun (73)
Abstract and Verbal Substantives (74-76)
Semantic Groups (77)
Nouns of Place (Nomina Loci) and Time (Nomina Temporis) (78)
Nouns of Instrument (Nomina Instrumenti) (79-80)
Diminutives (81-82)
Number of Substantives (83)
Singular Collectives (84-86)
"Broken" Plurals (87-92)
Plural of Four-Consonant Morpheme Categories (93-99)
Plural of “Paucity”, or a Small Number (100)
“Sound” (Inflected) Plural (101-105)
Combined Plural Morphemes (106)
Dual (107-109)
Gender of Substantives (110-112)
Adjectae (113-121)
“Broken” Plurals of Adjectives (122-123)
Quantity
Elative >aßalu (124-127)
Formulas of Astonishment ma ) aß ala (128)
Numerals (129-135)
Totality (136-139)
Nominal Inflection (140-146)
Triptotic Inflection (147-151)
Diptotic Inflection (152-153)
Inflection of III- and IV-Weak Nominal Forms (154-156)
Vocative (157-159)
Verb
Preliminary Remarks (160)
Formation of the Stem (161-162)
Verbal Stems of Three-Radical Verbs (163-173)
Verbal Stems of lOur-Radical Verbs (174-178)
System of Verb Forms (179-206)
Use of the Perfect (181-183)
Use of the Imperfect (184-188)
The Verbal Particle qad (189)
Use of Compounfl Verb Forms (190-193)
Use of the Jussive (194-195)
Use of the Subjunctive (196-197)
Use of the Energetic (198)
Use of the Passive (199-200)
Use of the Participle (201-204)
Use of Verbal Substantives (205-206)
Inflection ره ،he Verb
Suffix Conjugation (Perfect) (207-210)
Prefix Conjugation (211-215)
Imperfect Base (216-218)
Passive (219)
Imperative (220-222)
Participles (223-224)
Verbal Substantives (225-231)
Nouns Expressing a Single Action (Nomen Vicis) (232)
II-Geminate Verbs (Verba mediae geminatae) (233-236)
Verbs with Weak Radicals (237-258)
Verbs with hamzah (237-239)
I- Weak Verbs (Verba primae infirmae) (240-243)
II- Weak Verbs (Verba mediae infirmae) (244-249)
III- Weak Verbs (Verba tertiae infirmae) (250-257)
111-Weak-II-Weak Verbs (Verba tertiae e، mediae infirmae) (258)
Emphatic Qualification (259-263)
Pronouns and Particles
Personal Pronouns (264-271)
Pronominal Object Particle (272)
Reflexive (273)
Demonstratives (274-280)
Definite Clauses (Relative Pronouns) (281-282)
Nominal Demonstratives (283)
Demonstrative Particles (284)
Interrogatives (285-290)
Prepositions (291-309) hi- (294), It- (295296) ى), ka- (297), 77ia،٥ (298)١ min (299), mundhu (300), can (301), cald (302), >ilä (303), hattd (304), lada (305), ladun (306)١