Sunan an-Nasai Volume 4 [4] 9789960587608, 9789960587646

Table of contents :
Contents
25. The Book of Jihad - 3087-3197
26. The Book of Marriage - 3198-3390
*36. The Book of the Kind Treatment of Women - 3391-3417
27. The Book of Divorce - 3418-3590
28. The Book of Horses, Races & Shooting - 3591-3623
29. The Book of Endownments - 3624-3640
30. The Book of Wills - 3641-3701
31. The Book of Presents - 3702-3717
32. The Book of Gifts - 3718-3735
33. The Book of ar-Ruqba - 3736-3749
34. The Book of Umra (Lifelong Gift) - 3750-3791
35. The Book of Oaths & Vows - 3792-3887
The Book of Agriculture - 3888-3970

Citation preview

English Translation of

"IM

Sunan An-Nasa I Volume 4

Compiled by: Im2m Hfifiz AbQAbdur Rahmfin Ahmad bin Shu'aib bin 'Ali An-Nasfi'i Ahidith edited & referenced by:

H2fiz Abu T2hir Zubair 'Ali Za'i Translated by: Nssiruddin al-Khattsb (Canada) Edited by: Hu'dfi Khattfib (Canada) Final review by: AbQ Khaliyl (USA)

I imussniam I

DARUSSALAM

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GLOBAL LEADER IN ISLAMIC BOOKS

Riyadh. Jeddah Ai-Khobar ~Sharjah Lahore. London .Houston-New York

In the Name ofAlldh, the Most Gracious, the Most Merczfil

Kalamullah.Com

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Maktaba Dar-us-Salam, 2007 King Fahd National Library Catalog-in-Publication Data

An-Nasai, Ahmad bin 'Ali An-Nasai IAhmad bin 'Ali An-Nasai-Riyadh-ZOO7 509p, 14x21 cm

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ISBN: 978-9960-58-760-8 (set) 978-9960-58-764-6 (V0l.4) I-Al-Hadith- Six books 2- Hadith 3-Title 237.3 dc 142817415 Legal Deposit 110.142814679 ISBN: 978-9960-58-760-8 (set)

Contents

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25 The Book Of Jihrid Chapter 1. Chapter 2. Chapter 3. Chapter 4. Chapter 5. Chapter 6. Chapter 7. Chapter 8. Chapter 9. Chapter 10. Chapter 11. Chapter 12. Chapter 13. Chapter 14. Chapter 15. Chapter 16. Chapter 17. Chapter 18. Chapter 19. Chapter 20. Chapter 21. Chapter 22. Chapter 23. Chapter 24.

The Obligation Of Jilzlid ........................................................15 .......... 22 Stern Warning Against Forsaking Jiltid ..................... Concession Mowing A Person Not To Join A Campaign .............. 23 Tlie Superiority Of The Mujlihidilz Over Those Who Do Not Go Out To Fight ................................................................ 24 Concession Allowing The One Who Has Two Parents To Stay Behind ........................................................................... 26 Concession Allowing One Who Has A Mother To Stay Behind ...... 27 The Virtue Of The One Who Strives In The Cause Of Allih With 27 Himself And His Wealth ................................................. The Virtue Of The One Who Strives In The Cause Of All2h On His Feet ...................... . .................................................. 28 The Reward Of The One Whose Feet Become Dusty In The Cause 32 Of All& ............................................................................ The Reward Of Eyes That Stay Awake At Night In The Cause Of 32 AUih. The Mighty and Sublime ........................................... The Virtue O i Going Out Before Noon In The Cause Of AUih. The Mighty and Sublime........................................................33 The Virtue Of Going Out After Noon In The Cause Of Alliih. The Mighty And Sublime............................................................. 33 The Warriors Are The Guests Of Allih, Most High ..................... 34 What Allill. The Mighty And Sublime. Guarantees To One Who 35 Strives In His Cause .................................................... The Reward Of The Raiding Party That Fails To Achieve Its Goal . 36 The Parable Of Mujlilzid (Who Strives In the Cause of Allih, The Mighty And Sublime)......................................................... 37 What 1s Equal To Jilzlid In The Cause Of Allih. The Mighty And Sublime?............................................................................ 38 The Status Of Mujlilzid (Who Strives In The Cause Of Allih, The Mighty And Sublime).......................................................... 39 What Reward Is There For The One Who Accepts Islam, ............. 41 Emigrates And Strives For.filzlid? ......................... . . The Virtue Of The One Who Spends On A Pair (Of Things) In The Cause Of Allih. The Mighty And Sublime ........................... 42 Whoever Fights 30 Tnat The Word Of AlEh Will Be Supreme ...... 43 The One Who Fights So That It Will Be Said That So-And-So Was 44 Brave ................................................................................ One Who Fights In The Cause Of Allih, Intending Only To Get An Tq61 ............................................................................ 45 The One Who Fights Seeking Reward And Fame........................ 46

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Contents

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Chapter 25. The Reward Of The One Who Fights In The Cause Of AUSh For The Length Of Time Between 'WO Milkings Of A She-Camel ....... 47 Chapter 26. The Reward Of The One Who Shoots An Arrow In The Cause Of 48 Allih. The Mighty And Sublime ............................................. Chanter 27 . The One Who Is Wounded In The Cause Of AUih The Mirrhtv .. And Sublime....................................................................... 51 Cha~ter ' ... 51 r~~ 28. What Is To Be Said Bv The One Who Is Stabbed Bv The Enemv Chapter 29. The o n e Who Fights k The Cause Of AUSh And k s Sword ........... 53 Recoils Upon Him And Kills Him ........................... Chapter 30. Wishing To Be Killed In The Cause Of AUSh............................. 54 Chapter 31. The Reward Of The One Who Was W e d In The Cause Of All* . 56 Chapter 32. The One Who Fights In The Cause Of AUSh But Owes A Debt ..... 56 Chapter 33. Hoping To Die In The Cause Of AUih .................................... 59 59 Chapter 34. What The People Of Paradise Wish For .................................. Chapter 35. What The Martyr Feels Of Pain .......................... . ................ 60 Chapter 36. Asking For Martyrdom......................................................... 60 Chapter 37. Meeting In Paradise Of One Who Killed And The One Who Was W e d In The Cause Of AUih .................................................62 ............................. 62 Chapter 38. Explanation Of That ........................ Chapter 39. The Virtue Of Ar-Rib$ (Guarding The Frontier) ........................ 63 Chapter 40. The Virtue Of Jihrid By Sea ........................... ................ 65 Chapter 41. Invading India ..................................................................... 67 68 Chapter 42. Fighting The Turks And The Ethiopians ................................. Chapter 43. Seeking The Support Of AU%hBy The Supplications Of The Weak . 71 Chapter 44. The Virtue Of The One Who Equips A Warrior ..... ................ 72 Chapter 45. The Virtue Of Spending In The Cause Of AUSh ......................... 75 Chapter 46. The Virtue Of Charity In The Cause Of All* ............................ 77 Chapter 47. The Sanctity Of The Wives Of The MujGhidtn ............................ 78 Chapter 48. The One Who Betrays A Warrior With His Wife ........................ 78

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26.The Book of Marriage Mentioning The Command Of The Messenger Of AUih g Concerning Marriage, His Wives And What AU&, The Mighty And Sublime, Permitted To His Prophet When It Is Forbidden To Other People, Because Of His Virtue And High Status................. 82 Chapter 2. What All% Enjoined Upon His Prophet % And Forbade To Other People In Order To Bring Him Closer To Him........................... 85 87 Chapter 3. Encouragement To Many ................................................. Chapter 4. Prohibition Of Celibacy ........................................................ 90 Chapter 5. AUih Will Help The One Who Marries, Seeking To Keep Himself 92 Chaste ............................................................................... Chapter 6. Manying Virgins................................................................. 93 Chapter 7. A Woman Manying Someone Who Is Similar In Age To Her ........ 94 94 Chapter 8. A Freed Slave Marrying An 'Arab Woman ............................... Chapter 9. Nobility ........................................................................... 98 98 Chapter 10. For What Should A Woman Be Manied? ............................... 99 Chapter 11. It Is Disliked To Many One Who Js Infertile .......................... Chapter 12. Manying An Adulteress ..................................... ................ 100 Chapter 1.

Contents Chapter 13. Chapter 14. Chapter 15. Chapter 16. Chapter 17. Chapter 18. Chapter 19. Chapter 20. Chapter 21. Chapter 22. Chapter 23. Chapter 24. Chapter 25. Chapter 26. Chapter 27. Chapter 28. Chapter 29. Chapter 30. Chapter 31. Chapter 32. Chapter 33. Chapter 34. Chapter 35. Chapter 36. Chapter 37. Chapter 38. Chapter 39. Chapter 40. Chapter 41. Chapter 42. Chapter 43. Chapter 44. Chapter 45. Chapter 46. Chapter 47.

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................ 102 The Prohibition Of Marlying Adulteresses ............ . Which Woman Is Best? ..................................................... 102 The Righteous Woman ....................... . ..............................103 The Jealous Woman ....................................................... 103 It Is Permissible To Look Before Maniage ................................104 Getting Married In &am21 ................................................. 104 Proposal 01 Marriage .......................................................... 105 Prohibition Of Proposing Marriage To A Woman When Someone . ............ 106 Else Has Already Proposed To Her ........................ . Proposing Marriage When The Other Suitor Gives Up The Idea Or ..............................108 Gives Permission ........................... If A Woman Consults A Man Concerning The One Who Has Proposed Mal~iageTo Her. Should He Tell Her Of What He Iolows? ....................... . .................................................. 110 If A Man Consults Another Man About A Woman, Should He Tell Him What He Knows? .......................................................... 111 A Man Offering His Daughter In Marriage To Someone Whom He ...................................................... 112 Likes ..................... A Woman Offering Ilerself In Marriage To One Whom She Likes.. 113 A Woman Praying Istifidroh If She Receives A Proposal Of 114 Marriage .......................................................................... How To do Istifiriral? ......................... . ............................... 115 A Son Conducting The Marriage For His Mother ...................... 117 118 A Man Marrying Off His Young Daughter .............................. A Man Mar~yingOff His Grown Up Daughter ........................... 119 Asking A Virgin For Permission With Regard To Marriage ........... 120 Father Seeking The Consent Of A Virgin With Regard To Marriage .......................................................................... 122 Seeking The Consent Of A Previously Married Woman With Regard To Maniage ...................... . .................................. 122 The Permission Of A Virgin ................... ............................ 123 Father Marlying Off A Previously Married Woman When She Is Unwilling .................... ..................................................... 124 Father Marrying Off A Virgin When She Is Unwilling .................. 124 The Concession Allowing A Mulzri~nTo Marry .................. ...... 125 Prohibition Of Marriage For The Mulxrinz ................................. 126 What Is Recommended To Say On The Occasion Of Marriage ...... 127 What Is Disliked In The @u?utOalz ......................................... 129 The Words By Which The Marriage Tie Is Completed ................. 129 Conditions In Maniage ................................................... 130 The m e Of Marriage After Which, A Thrice-Divorced Woman May Return To Her First Husband ..........................................131 A Stepdaughter Who Is In One's Care Is Forbidden For Maniage .. 131 The Prohibition Of Being Married To Both A Mother And Daughter ........................................................................... 132 The Prohibition Of Being Married To Two Sisters....................... 133 Being Married To A Woman And Her Paternal Aunt At The Same Time ............................................................................... 134

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Contents

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Chapter 48. The Prohibition Of Being Married To A Woman And Her Maternal Aunt At The Same Time ..........................................137 Chapter 49. What Becomes Unlawful As A Result Of Breast-Feeding .............. 138 Chapter 50. The Daughter Of One's Brother Through Breast-feeding Is Forbidden For Mamage ........................................................ 140 Chapter 51. The Amount Of Breast-Feeding That Makes Marriage Prohibited ... 141 Chapter 52. The Breast Milk Belongs To The Husband ............................... 144 Chapter 53. Breast-Feeding An Adult ..................................................... 147 Chapter 54. Al-Ghilah (Intercourse With A Breast-Feeding Woman) ............... 150 Chapter 55. Coitus Intemptus ............................................................... 151 Chapter 56. Rights And Status Of The Breast-Feeding Mother ...................... 152 Chapter 57. Testimony With Regard To Breast-Feeding ................ ............... 153 Chapter 58. Manying Those Whom One's Father Married ........................... 153 Chapter 59. Meaning Of The Saying Of AUih. The Mighty And Sublime: "Also (Forbidden Are) Women Already Married. Except Those (Slaves) Whom Your Right Hands Possess." .........................................155 Chapter 60. A&-gighrir ...................................................................... 155 Chapter 61. Explanation Of e g i g h r i r ....................... ........................ 157 Chapter 62. Marriage For SCrahs Of The Q u ' k ..................................... 157 Chapter 63. Marriage For Islam ............................................................ 159 Chapter 64. Marriage For Manumission ................................................... 160 Chapter 65. A Man Manumitting His Slave Woman, Then Marrying Her .......... 161 Chapter 66. Fairness In Giving Dowries ................................................ 162 Chapter 67. Marringe For A Nm2h Of Gold (Five Dirhams) .........................166 Chapter 68. Permission To Get Married Without A Do\ny......................... ... 167 Chapter 69. A Woman Giving Herself In Marriage To A Man With No Dowry .. 171 Chapter 70. Allowing Intimacy ............................................................... 171 Chapter 71. The Prohibition Of Mzrthh (Temporary Marriage) ..................... 174 Chapter 72. Announcing The Wedding By Singing And Beating The Duff ......... 177 Chapter 73. How To Congratulate A Man When H e Gets Married ................. 178 Chapter 74. The Supplication Of The One Who Did Not Attend The Wedding . 178 Chapter 75. Concession Allowing Yellow Perfume At The Time Of Marriage .... 179 Chapter 76. A Gift Given Before Consummation Of The Mamage ................. 180 Chapter 77. Consummating The Marriage In a a w w2l ................................ 181 Chapter 78. Consummation Of Marriage With A Girl Of Nine .......................181 Chapter 79. Consummation Of Marriage While Travelling.......................... 182 Chapter 80. Entertainment And Singing At Weddings ................................. 186 Chapter 81. A Man Fitting Out His Daughter (For Marriage) ........................186 Chapter 82. Beds ......................... ..................................................... 187 Chapter 83. Anmi2f .............................................................................187 Chapter 84. Giving A GiftTo The One Who Has Got Married ......................188

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36 The Book of The Kind Treatment Of Women Chapter 1. Chapter 2. Chapter 3. Chapter 4.

Love Of Women .................................................................191 A Man Being Inclined To Favor One Of His Wwes Over Another .. 192 When A Man Loves One Of His Wives More Than Another ......... 193 Jealousy........................................................................... 202

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27 The Book Of Divorce Chapter 1. Chapter 2. Chapter 3. Chapter 4. Chapter 5. Chapter 6 . Chanter 7. ~ll;lptcrS. Ch:$nrer 9 .. . r ..

Chapter 10. Chapter 11. Chapter 12. Chapter 13. Chapter 14. Chapter 15. Chapter 16. Chapter 17. Chapter 18. Chapter 19. Chapter 20. Chapter 21. Chapter 22. Chapter 23. C h a ~ t e24 r . ~h:iptcr25 . Chapter 26. Chapter 27. Chapter 28. Chapter 29. Chapter 30. Chapter 31. Chapter 32. Chapter 33. Chapter 34. Chapter 35. Chapter 36.

Divorce At The Time When Allih Has Stated That Women May Be Divorced .............................. .................................210 ....................................... 213 The Sunnah Divorce ................ . What Should Be Done I i The Husband Issues A Divorce When . .......................................214 The Wife Is Menstruating......... .........................215 Divorce Without The 'Iddalz .................... . . Divorce Without The 'Idddah And What Is Counted As A Divorce . 216 Three Simultaneous Divorces And A Stem Warning Against That .. 217 Concession Allowing That ..................................................... 217 Three Sep;~r"lrDivorcer Beforr Con. urnmation Of l l i e Marriage .. 221 Thc Divorce Oi A \Vom.in Who Manied A Man . Hut H c Did Sot Consummate The Marriage With Her ..................................... 222 The Irrevocable Divorce ........................................................223 It Is Up To You ................................................................. 223 Making A Thrice-Divorced Woman Lawful (To Return To Her First Husband) And The Marriage That Makes This Lawful .......... 224 Making A Thrice-Divorced Woman Lawful (To Return To Her First Husband), And The Stern Warning Concerning That ............ 227 A Man Divorcing His Wife Face To Face ................................ 228 A Man Sending Word To His Wife That She Is Divorced .............228 Meaning Of The Saying Of Allih. The Mighty And Sublime: "0 Prophet! Why Do You Forbid (For Yourself) That Which AUih Has Allowed To You." .................................................... 229 Another Explanation Of Tlie Meaning Of This Verse ................... 230 "Go to your family" Does Not Necessarily Mean Divorce.............. 231 Divorce Of A Slave ............................................................. 234 When Does The Divorce Of A Boy Count? ...............................236 237 The Husband Whose Divorce Is Not Valid .............................. The One Who Utters A Divorce To Ilimself (Without Uttering The Words Loudly) .............................................................. 238 Divorce With A Clear Gesture ............................................. 239 Speaking When One Means What The Words Appear To Mean..... 239 Saying luhumm;id Bin 'Amr ....................... 412 A woman Giving A Gift without Her Husband's Permission ......... 415

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35 The Book Of Oaths And Vows Chapter 1. Chapter 2. Chapter 3. Chapter 4. Chapter 5. Chapter 6.

(The Oath Of The Prophet g)...............................................418 Swearing By The Controller Of The Hearts ............................... 418 Swearing By The Glory ('Izzah) Of Allsh................................... 419 The Stem Warning Against Swearing By Anything Other Than All& .................... ..... .................................................. 420 Swearing By One's Forefathers......................... . . . . . . . . . . . . 421 Swearing By One's Mother ....................... . ...................... 422

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Contents Chapter 7. Chapter 8. Chapter 9. Chapter 10. Chapte~11. Chapter 12. Chapter 13. Chapter 14. Chapter 15. Chapter 16. Chapter 17. Chapter 18. Chapter 19. Chapter 20. Chapter 21. Chapter 22. Chapter 23. Chapter 24. Chapter 25. Chapter 26. Chapter 27. Chapter 28. Chapter 29. Chapter 30. Chapter 31. Chapter 32. Chapter 33. Chapter 34. Chapter 35. Chapter 36. Chapter 37. Chapter 38. Chapter 39. Chapter 40. Chapter 41. Chapter 42. Chapter 43.

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Swearing By A Religion Other Than Islam ................................422 Swearing That One Has Nothing To Do With Islam .................... 423 Swearing By The ICa'bah ........................................................ 424 Swearing By False Gods (At-Tawiglttt)..................................... 424 ................................... 425 Swearing By AI-Lit ................... ......................... 425 Swearing By 4 - U t And Al-'Uzza .............. . Fulfillment Of An Oath (Wllen One Is Adjured To Do Something) 427 One Who Swears An Oath And Then Sees That Something Else Is Better............................................................................ 427 Expiation Before Breaking An Oath ...................................... 428 Expiation After Breaking An Oath ..................................... 430 Oaths Concerning That Wllich One Does Not Possess.................. 432 Whoever Swears An Oath And Says: "If Allih Wills" ................... 433 Intenlion In Oaths ............................................................... 433 Forbidding That Which Allah. The Mighty And Sublime, Has Permitted ...........................................................................434 If A Person Swears Not To Eat Any Condiment With Bread. Then He Eats Bread And Vinegar................................................... 435 Swearing Oaths And Lying When One Does Not Believe In What He Is Swearing About ........................................................... 435 Idle Talk And Lies ............................ ...............................436 The Prohibition Against Vows ............................................... 437 A Vow Does Not Bring Anything Forward Nor Put It Back ........... 438 A Vow Is A Means Of Taking Wealth From The Miserly.............. 438 Vows To Do Acts Of Worship ............................................... 439 . . Vows To C o d Sm.................... ......................................439 Fulfdling Vows ............................................................... 440 Vows Which Are Not Meant For The Face Of Allih ................... 441 A Vow Concerning Something That One Does Not Own .............. 442 Whoever Vows To Walk To The House of All* ....................... 442 If A Woman Vows To Walk Barefoot And Bareheaded ................ 443 Whoever Vows To Fast Then Dies Before Fasting.......................444 444 If A Person Dies With A Vow Unfulfilled .................................444 If A Person Makes A Vow Then Becomes Muslim Before Fulfilling 445 It .................................................................................. Giving Away One's Wealth Because Of A Vow ...........................447 Is Land Included If A Person Vows To Give Up Wealth? ............. 449 Saying: "If AIlih Wills" ........................................................ 450 If A Man Swears An Oath And Someone Says To Him, "If Allsh Wills," Does That Count For Him? ..................................... 451 Expiation For Vows....................................................... 451 What Is The Requirement Upon One Who Made A Vow That Something Would Be Obligatory For Him, Then He Is Unable To Do It? ............................................................................ 458 The Exception (Saying: "If AUsh Wills") ................................. 459

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The Book Of Agriculture Chapter 44. The Third Of The Conditions. In It Is Sharecropping (Muztra'ah) And Contracting ............... . ................................................ 461 Chapter 45. Mentioning The Differing Hadit& Regarding The Prohibition Of Leasing Out Land In R e m For 0ne.Third. Or One Quarter Of The Harvest. And The Different Wordings Reported By The Narrators ..........................................................................463 Chapter 46. Mentioning The Different Wordings With Regard To Sharecropping .....................................................................494 Chapter The Znrin Partnership Between Three Persons ...........................499 A Proxy Partnership Between Four Persons According To Those Chapter 500 Who Permit It ..................................................................... Chapter 47. Labor Partnership (Abdin)............................................ 502 Chapter Partners Dissolving A Partnership ............................................ 503 Chapter Separation Of The Married Couple......................................... 504 Chapter 48. Contract Of Manumission .................................................... 506 Chapter 49. Tadbir (Leaving Instructions That One's Slave Be Freed After 507 One's Death) ...................................................................... . . Chapter SO. Manurmss~on....................................................................508

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Chapter 1. The Obligation Of Jih6d 3087. It was narrated that Ibn 'Abb$s said: "When the Prophet was expelled from Makhah, AbG Bakr said to him: 'They have driven out their Prophet, verily to Allih we belong and to Him we return. They are surely doomed.' Then it was revealed: 'Permission to fight (against disbelievers) is given to those (believers) who are fought against, because they have been wronged; and surely, AllAh is able to give them (believers) victory.'[ll Then I knew that there would be fighting." Ibn 'AbbL said: "This is the first Verse that was revealed concerning fighting." (Sa(zi1t)

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Comments: Jihad or striving in the cause of All* is an obligation from among the obligations of Islam. But there are various levels and categories of it. The author has made an effort to mention many of them. I',, ,*3088. It was narrated from Ibn 2 2 A b&f - V . AA 'AbbL that 'Abdur-RahmAn bin ' : jg * ., : ji 'Awf and some his companions came to the Prophet % in Makkah &J?, 9$ 3 21; 2 G2 and said: "0 Messenger of AUAh! ' e, i ' 21 : d'? 2 We were respected when we were 12 &&$? 3 , , idolators and when we believed, we g ,$I:3 ~ ~ 99 .7 ; 2 $31 -, were humiliated." He said: "I have I , ,4 been commanded to pardon, so do 2 6~ !$Ij$; ,,,4, : l)U G; not fight." Then, when Allah :JG $?7 ck s3 caused us to move to Al-Madinah, , He commanded us to fight, but L l y fi . u I & ~56 , , 1.: 4: ilD they refrained. Then AllAh, the 4 ~ ~ b$ 1.,dl J~ ,., Mighty and Sublime, revealed: Have you not seen those who were $ & &$ J! 2 $$ : told to hold back th ir bands (from "\ ~s-~aliih"~~] , [,,V ] \J.:,* \,H,J -? $&I ',*' fighting) and perform (Sahib) ~ * J I ~ & ~ L \ ~- h ~ lo:.+-$~$l+j'iI~~iLfl : ~ i j .&dl &Iiig &r'v & 2 A21il 3 cyJl 21

The Book Of Jilirid said: "The Messenger of Allsh @$ has gone and you are acquiring them." (Sahih)

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Chapter 2. Stern Warning Against Forsaking Jihrid

3099. It was narrated from Abti Hurairah that the Prophet @ said: "Whoever dies without having fought or having thought of fighting, he dies on one of the branches of hypocrisy." (Sahih)

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3100. AbG Hurairah said: "I heard the Messenger of Allih g say: 'By the One in Whose hand is my soul, were it not for the fact that there are some believing men who would not feel happy to stay behind (when I go out on a campaign) and I do not have the means to provide them with mounts (so that they can join me), I would not have stayed behind from any campaign or battle in the cause of AU2h. By the One in Whose hand is my soul, I wish that I could be killed in the cause of Allih, then brought back to life, then be killed, then be brought hack to life, then be killed then be brought back to lie, then be killed."' (Sa!zi!z)

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1. The benefit of longing for martyrdom is that he would gain the recompense, whether he dies in bed. Thus, Allih, Most High, would bestow on him the rank of the martyr. 2. We learn that it is not essenlial for evelyone to go forth to the battlefield. One should essentially pay proper regard to the means and necessities.

The Book Of Jibed

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Chapter 4. The Superiority Of The Muj&hidin Over Those Who Do Not Go Out To Fight 3101. It was narrated that Sahl bin Sa'd said: "I saw Marwin bin AlHakam sitting and I came and sat with him. He told us that Zaid bin B i b i t told him, that the following was revealed to AUWs Messenger g: (Not equal are those of the believers who sit (at home) and those who strive hard and fight in the cause of Allih), then Ibn Umm Maktiim came when he was dictating it to me (Zaid), and said: '0 Messenger of Allih! If I were able to go for Jihid I would go out for Jihrid.' Then All*, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed to him - while his thigh was against mine, and became so heaw that I thought my thigh would brekk, until (the revelation) stopped - : 'Except those who are disabled (by injury or are blind or lame)."'['] (Sahib) Abii ' A b d u r - R m i n (An-Nad'i) said: This 'Abdur-Rahmin bin Ishiq is tolerable, while 'AbdurRahman bin Ishiq, from whom reports 'A17 bin Mushir, Abii Mu'iwiyah, and 'Abdul-WiBd bin Ziyid from An-Nu'm2n bin Sa'd he is not trustworthy. j .;r,*.wl

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2. Then strive... means the fulfillment of the household obligations is more important for him than going for Jihad. Therefore, even for fulfilling these obligations, he would be given the recompense of Jilzilzdd.

Chapter 6. Concession Allowing One Who Has A Mother To Stay Behind

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3106. I t was n a r r a t e d f r o m Mu'iwiyah bin Jihimah As-Sulam?, that Jshimah came to the Prophet g and said: " 0 Messenger of Allih! I want to go out and fight (m Jihrid) and I have come to ask your advice." He said: "Do you have a mother?" He said: "Yes." He said: "Then stay with her, for Paradise is beneath her feet." (Sahib)

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Chapter 7. The Virtue Of The One Who Strives In The Cause Of Allih With Himself And His Wealth 3107. It was narrated from AbO

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Chapter 8. The Virtue Of The One Who Strives In The Cause Of AUi3h On His Feet 3108. It was narrated that Abfi Sa'eed Al-mudri said: "In the year of Tabiik, the Messenger of All81 @ addressed the people, while leaning against his mount. He said: 'Shall I not tell you of the best of the people and the worst of the people? Among the best of the people is a man who strives in the cause of Allih on the back of his horse, or on the back of his camel, or on his own two feet, until death comes to him. And among the worst of the people, is an immoral man (Fdjir) who reads the Book of All& but he does not refrain from doing anything bad because of it."' (Hasan)

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Hurairah said: "No man who weeps for fear of Allih will be touched by the Fire until the milk goes back into the udders. And the dust (of Jilzdd) in the cause of Allih, and the smoke of Hell, will never be combined in the nostrils of a Muslim." (Sahih)

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gathered together in the Fire: A Muslim who killed a disbeliever then tried his best and did not deviate. And two will never be gathered together in the lungs of a believer: Dust in the cause of All&, and the odor of Hell. And two will never be gathered in the heart of a slave: Faith and envy."

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Abii Hurairah say: "Allih will never combine the dust in the cause of Allih, the Mighty and Sublime, and the smoke of Hell, in *elunes of a Muslimman. and All% %lnever combine faith in All&, and stinginess in the heart of a Muslim man." (Hasan)

Chapter 9. The Reward Of The One Whose Feet Become Dusty In The Cause Of All* 3118. Yazid bin Abi Mariam said: "Abiyah bim R W met me when I was walldne " to Fridav nravers. * . and he said: 'Rejoice, for these steps you are taking are in the cause of AllP~b.I heard Abfl 'Abs say: The Messenger of All& @ said: Anyone whose feet become dusty in the cause of All&, he will be forbidden to the Fire."' (Sahih) ;t:

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In this narration, the phrase 'in the way of AllW has been used in its general sense; every good deed or work. Lexically, it is absolutely correct, but the customary meaning happens to be more reliable. And the customary meaning of the Qur'in and the Had?& of the expression 'in the way of AUiW uses it in the sense of Jihdd. &;k;&i 0 . +I) Chapter 10. The Reward Of

2

Eyes That Stay Awake At Night In The Cause Of Allih, The Mighty and Sublime 3119. Abii 'Ali At-Tujibi (said) that he heard Abii R w m a h say:

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"I heard the Messenger of All211 g say: 'The eye that stays awake in t h e cause o f All2h will b e forbidden to the Fire."' (Hasan)

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.214l AIL 2 3 Chapter 11. The Virtue Of Going Out Before Noon In The Cause Of Allih, The MighQ - . and Sublime 3120. It was narrated that Sald bin Sa'd said: "The Messenger of All211 said: 'Going out before noon or after noon, in the cause of Allill, the Mighty and Sublime, is better than this world and evetything in it."' (Sahili)

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Chapter 12. The Virtue Of Going Out After Noon In The Cause Of Allih, The Mighty - And Sublime

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3122. It was narrated from AbB Hurairah that the Prophet @ said: "There are three, all of whom have a promise of help from All& 'The MzqBhid who strives in the cause of AllAh, the Mighty and Sublime; the man who gets married, seeking to keep himself chaste; and the slave who has a contract of manumission and wants to buy his freedom."' (Hasan) $Ul,

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3125. AbO Hurairah said: "I heard the Messenger of Allih @ say: 'Allih has euaranteed: 'For the one who goes out in the cause of Allih, and nothing makes him do that except faith in Me, and Jihad in My cause - that He will admit him to Paradise whether he is killed or he dies, or He will return him to his home from which he departed with whatever he has earned of reward

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3126. Ab6 Hurairah said: "I heard the Messenger of All& say: 'The parable of Mujrihid (who strives in the cause of Allih) - and AUih h o w s best who strives in the causeof~&-isthatofonewho f a s t s a n d p r a y s Q'iyrim (continually). M i h has promised Mzrjlihid (who strives in His cause), that He will either cause him to die and admit him to Paradise, or, He will bring him back safely with whatever he has earned of reward or spoils of war."' (Sabih) J, 3 JL, G+

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'From His Lord, the Mighty and Sublime': Such a narration is called a Had?& Qudsi or Sacred Had?&, in which it is related that Allih, Most High, has been explicitly stated this or that.

Chapter 16. The Parable Of A Mujihid (Who Strives In the Cause of Allih, The Mighty And Sublime) 3129. It was narrated that Abii Hurairah said: ''1 h e a r d t h e Messenger of Allih @ say: 'The parable of a Mujiilzid who strives in the cause of Allih - and Allih knows best who in His cause - is

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Comments 'Found this amazing' because for an apparently easy or effortless thing, the promise of the Paradise has been given, although in actuality it is a difficult task. This is because the knowledge or proof of contentment would emerge from actions. And to furnish evidence from action is itself a hard task.

3134. It was narrated that Abfi Ad-Dardi? said: "The Messenger of AUih said: 'Whoever establishes Salih, pays Znkih, and dies not associating anything with AUSh, he has a right from AUSh the Mighty and Sublime, that He will forgive him, whether he e m i g r a t e d , o r d i e d i n his birthplace.' We said: '0 Messenger of Allih! Shall we not tell the people about it so that they may rejoice?' He said: 'In Paradise there are one hundred levels, (the distance) betyeen each two of which is like (the distance) between the Heaven and the Earth; AU2h has p r e p a r e d t h e m for t h e Mz@hid?n who strive in His cause. Were it not that it would be too difficult for the believers and I cannot find mounts for them - and they do not like to stay behind if I go out (on a campaign) - I would not have stayed behind from any expedition. I wish that I could be killed then brought back to life, then killed again."' (Hasan)

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Chapter 19. What Reward Is There For The One W h o Accepts Islam, Emigrates And Strives F o r Jihid ? 3135. It was narrated from ' A m bin Milik Al-Janbi that he heard Fadilah bin 'Ubaid sav: "I heard the Messenger of Allih ?@ say: 'I am a Za'irn - and the Za'inz is the guarantor for the o n e who believes in me and accepts Islam, and emigrates: A house on the outskirts of Paradise and a house in the middle of Paradise. And I am a guarantor, for the one who believes in me and accepts Islam, and strives in the cause of Allill: A house on the outskirts of Paradise and a house in the middle of Paradise and a house in the highest chambers of Paradise. Whoever does that and seeks goodness wherever it is, and avoids evil wherever it is, may die wherever he wants to die."' (Hasa~z)

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The Book Of Jihiid emigrate and leave behind your land and sky? T h e one who emigrates is like a horse tethered to a peg. But he disobeys him and emierates. Then he sits, waiting for h i G o n the path to ~ihlid,and he says: Will you fight in Jihad when it will cost you your life and your wealth? You will fight and be killed, and your wife will remarry, and your wealth will be divided. But he disobeys him and fights in Jihad.' The Messenger of All2h @ said: 'Whoever does that, then has a right from All%, the Mighty and Sublime, that He will admit him to Paradise. Whoever is killed, he has a right from Allih, the Mightv and Sublime. that He will admit him to Paradise. If he is drowned, he has a right from AlEh that He will admit him to Paradise, or whoever is thrown by his mount and his neck is broken, he has a right from Allih, that He will admit him to Paradise."' (Hasan)

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Comments

Chapter 20. The Virtue Of The One Who Spends On A Pair (Of Things) In The Cause Of AlIih, The Mighty And Sublime 3137. Abfi Hurairah used t o narrate that the Messenger of All& g said: "Whoever spends on a pair (of things) in the cause of

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The Book Of JilGd Allih, he will be called in Paradise: ' 0 slave of A l l i h , h e r e is prosperity.' Whoever is one of those who pray, he will be called f r o m t h e g a t e of P a r a d i s e . Whoever is one of those who participated in Jilzrid, he will be called from the gate of Paradise. Whoever is one of those who gave charity, he will be called from the gate of Paradise. Whoever is one of those who fasts, he will be called from the gate of A-Rayyin." Abii Bakr ApSiddiq said: "0 Messenger of Allgh! No distress, or need will befall the one who is called froin those gates. Wffl there be anyone who will be called froin all these gates?" The Messenger of Allih g said: "Yes, and I hope that you will be one of them." (Saltilz)

Chapter 21. Whoever Fights So That The Word Of Allkh Will Be Supreme 3138. Abii Miisa Al-Asxari said: "A Bedouin came to the Messenger of AUih and said: 'A Inan fights for fame, or he fights for the spoils of war, or he fights to show off. Who is the one who is fighting in the cause of Allih?' He said: 'The one who fights so that the word of Allih will be supreme is the one who is fighting in the cause of Allih, the Mighty and Sublime."' (Sa!ii!z)

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Chapter 22. The One Who Fights So That It Wiu Be Said That So-And-So Was Brave

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3139. It was narrated from Abii Hurairah, that one of the people of said to him: "0 @ail&, tell me of a Had@ that you heard from the Messenger of All& g." ( H e said: "Yes; 1 heard t h e Messenger of AUih g)say: 'The first of people for whom judgment will be passed on the Day of Resurrection are three. A man who was martyred. He will be brought and AUih will remind him of His blessings and he will achwledge them. He will say: What did you do with them? He will say: I fought for Your sake until I was martyred. He will say: You are lying. You fought so that it would be said that so-andso is brave, and it was said. Then He will order that he he dragged on his face and thrown into the Fire. And (the second will be) a man who acquired knowledge and taught others, and read Qur'h. He will be brought, and AlEh will remind him of His blessings, and he will acknowledge them. H e will say: What did you do with them? He will say: I acquired knowledge and taught others, and read the Qur'in for Your sake. He will say: You are lying. You acquired knowledge so

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The Book Of Jilzid that it would be said that you were a scholar; and you read Qur'h, so that it would be said that you were a reciter, and it was said. Then He will order that he be dragged on his face and thrown into the Fire. And (the third will be) a man whom All&h made rich and gave him a" kinds of wealth. He will be brought and Allsh will remind him of His blessings, and he will acknowledge them. He will say: What did you do with them? He will say: I did not leave any way that You like wealth to be spent - AbC 'Abdur-Rahmsn (An-NasVi) said: I did not understand "what You like" as I wanted to1'] - "but I spent it." He will say: "You are lying. You spent it so that it would be said that he was generous, and it was said." Then He will order that he be dragged on his face and thrown into the Fire."' (Sa!zi!z) j . \ 4 . 0 : ~C,UI

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A she-camel's udders are small and hard. After milking her a little bit, one gets tired. The flow of milk also stops te~nporarily.After a little rest or pause, the supply of milk returns and the milk gets collected again in her udders, and

The Book Of Jihid

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one starts to milk once again. Thus this task is accomplished after many pauses and rests. A rest or pause between two milkings is caned Fuwiiq in Arabic. This rest lasts for a few minutes, not more. Allih, Most High, does not look at the time and the quantity. All&, Most High, sees the intention and the condition of the heart. It forms the very basis of the recompense too.

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Chapter 26. The Reward Of ( p;P ~ylj: - (Y7 e l ) The One Who Shoots An Arrow +, ,, In The Cause Of Ailfih, The Mighty And Sublime 3144. I t was n a r r a t e d from 5 L& $, 3> I@ - y \ f f Shurahba bin As-Sit that he said ; to z ~ mbin r c ~ b a s a h "0 : l ~ m r ! 2 1 s ,y G k :j6 2 ,

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Tell us a Had% that you heard ,: E + ~2 : [ J ~ I from the Messenger of AUih g." ? He said: "I heard the Messenger of 6 : $ sib;! J6 57 +I $1 Allih g say: 'Whoever develops ;I 4 4 ; ,y& Ij> *. one gray hair in the cause of AUih, ' i Most High, it will be light for him :j~ g g 41j4; :j 6 @ on the Day of Resurrection. ,? Lze Whoever shoots an arrow in the ,, - G +ti cause of All&, Most High, whether 41 J+ ,+;2;2; fx it reaches the enemy or not, it will >i ;,J JL ': be as if he freed a slave. Whoever $C 3 Lg , , ; z l ~3 u:< u, *L tys .545),, +=I ,*: frees a believing slave, it will be a j"y L@; ransom for him from the Fire, limb by limb."' (Sahib) .; -nr I$ $ J l& :a

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equal to the reward of freeing a slave."' (Sa!z?Ii)

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3146. It was narrated that &ihbil bin As-Simt said to Ka'b bin Murrah: "0 Ka'b! Tell us a Had?& from the Messenger of Allih and be careful." He said: "I heard him say: 'Whoever develops one gray hair in Islam, in the cause of Allih, it will be light for him on the Day of Resurrection."' He said to him: "Tell us about the Prophet and be careful." He said: "I heard him say: 'Shoot, and whoever hits the enemy with an arrow, Allih will raise him one degree in status thereby."' Ibn An-Nabl?im said: '0 Messenger of Allib, what is a degree?' H e said: 'It is not like the doorstep of your mother;['' rather (the distance) between two degrees is (that of) a hundred years."' (Da'if)

3147. I t was n a r r a t e d t h a t Shurihhil bin As-Simt said: "I said: '0 'Amr bin 'Abasah! Tell us a Had?& that you heard from the Messenger of Allih @ without

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50

forgetting or omitting anything.' He said: 'I heard the Messenger of AUSh @ say: Whoever shoots and arrow in the cause of All& and it reaches the enemy, whether it misses or hits, it will be as if he freed slave. Whoever frees a believing slave, that will be a ransom for him, limb by limb, from the Fire of Hell. Whoever develops a gray hair in the cause of M a , it will be light for him on the Day of Resurrection." (Sahih)

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The Book Of Jilzcid

Chapter 27. The One Who Is Wounded In The Cause Of Allhh, The Mighty And Sublime 3149. It was narrated from AbO Hurairah that the Prophet g said: "No one is wounded in the cause of Allih - and AUih knows best who is wounded in His cause - but he will come o n the Day of Resurrection wit11 his wounds bleeding the color of blood, but with t h e fragrance of musk."

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'AbdullfIh bin na'labah said: "The Messenger of Allih @ said: 'Wrap them up with their blood, for there is no wound incurred in the cause of AUfIh, but he will come on the Day of Resurrection bleeding with the color of blood, but its fragrance will be that of musk."' (Sahib)

Chapter 28. What Is To Be Said By The One Who Is Stabbed By The Enemy 3151. It was narrated that Jibir bin 'Abdull?ih said: "On the day of Uhud, the people ran away, and the Messenger of AllAh $@ was in one position among twelve men of the Ansir, one of whom was Talhah b i n 'Ubaidullih. He said: 'Who will face the people?' Talhah

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said: 'I will.' The Messenger of & $; $ $1 4 k c 2 @ $1 All& +$g said: 'Stay where you are.' One of the Ans& said: 'I will, 0 +pLi ",-'" $1 $ 3 5.L 2dq~ Messenger of All& g.'He said: :2 6 hl &ji 'You (go ahead).' So he fought , n, ,, , until he was killed. Then he turned JyJ j6 ' ~f :a J& lyr$, 5,) and saw the idolators. He said: & J6 I I GI ~ :g $1 'Who will face the people?' Tabah said: 'I will.' The Messenger of 'u2ijl :j 6 j4; ?., :>&qI All& said: 'Stay where you are.' Oneofthe~s~s~d:'Iwill,O s-

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Messenger of AUih B.'He said: :'~6 ' ~ :% f ~6uyr$, 5n:~6 'You (go ahead).' So he fought ,!6 * until he was killed. This carried on, L'f : & $2' i6 '(21GI) and each man of the Ansir went JZ $ $6 , U-"fn: . :j6 out to face them and fought like the one before him, and was killed, 2gql $ '; ~ $ 3 A,; J$ until only the Messenger of AUih g and Tabah bin 'Ubaiddih & ,. ? & $ j$ were left. The Messenger of Allih j6 $1 $3 said: 'Who will face the people?' T a a h said: 'I will.' SO j 6 UT,~$, >)I:@ $1 Talhah fought like the eleven ,: ,q ;l jLL; & , ? $6 ' L'f f l before him, until his hand was struck, and his fingers were cut off, ' 2 : j6 (aGGf +$ ,' 4 +y , >, and he exclaimed in pain. The 8 " j 6 4' I.& ; $1 Messenger of AUih @ said: 'If you had said Bismillih (in the Name of ' N;3$& ~ ( ~ 1%;dl 2 a j All&), the angels would have lifted .&S.~I%I you up with the people looking on.' T h e n A l l i h drove back t h e idolaters." (&an) + i, ; ,i ,L+&, Yrv ,Yn/r:;&l y Y a g ++i 1-1 :Eij . 41 .

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The Book Of Jihad

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Chapter 29. The One Who Fights In The Cause Of Alliih And His Sword Recoils Upon Him And Kills Him 3152. Salamah bin Al-Akwa' said: "On the day of a a i b a r , my brother fought fiercely alongside the Messenger of Allih @, then his sword recoiled upon him and killed hi.The Companions of the Messenger of All611 @, complaining about that, said: 'A man has died by his own weapon."' Salamah said: "The Messenger of AUih returned from a a i b a r and I said: '0 Messenger of M$h, do you permit me to recite some lines of Rajaz verse to you?' The Messenger of All6h $g gave him permission but 'Umar bin Ala a t t i b , may AUih be pleased with him, said: "Think what you are saying." ~."I said: 'By Allsh, if All2h had not guided us we would not have been guided We would not have given in charity nor prayed' The Messenger of Allib @ said: 'You have spoken the truth.' (I continued:) 'Send down tranquillity upon us, And make us steadfast when we meet the enemy. For the idolators have transgressed against us.' When I completed my Rajar verse, the Messenger of Allih @ said: 'Who said that?' I said: 'My brother.' The Messenger of Allih @ said: 'May Allih have mercy on hi.'I said: '0 Messenger of Allgh, some

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The Book Of Jihad

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3159. I t was n a r r a t e d from 'Abdullih bin Abi Qatidah that he heard Abii Qatidah narrate from the Messenger of Allfih @, that he stood up among them and said that Jihad in the cause of Allih and belief in Allih are the best of deeds. Then a man stood up and said: "0 Messenger of Allih, if I am killed in the cause of Allih, will Allgh forgive my sins?" The Messenger of AUih @ said: "Yes, if you are killed in the cause of Allih, and you are patient and seek reward, and you are facing the enemy, not mnning away - except for debt. Jibril (peace be upon him) told me that." (Sahih)

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3160. I t was n a r r a t e d f r o m 'Abdullih bin AbE Qatidah that his father said: "A man came to the Prophet g when he was on the Minbar and said: '0 Messenger of Allih, do you think that if I wield this sword of mine in the cause of M i h , with patience and seeking reward, facing the enemy, and not running away, will Allih forgive my sins?' He said: 'Yes.' When he turned away, he called him back and said: 'Jibril says: unless you are in debt."' (Sahih)

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Chapter 33. Hoping To Die In The Cause Of All&

3161. It was narrated from K a g r bin Murrah that 'Ubidah bin ASS i m i t told them that the Messenger of Allsh said: "There is no soul on Earth that dies, and is in a good position before Allih, that would like to come back to you, even if it had all this world, except the one who is killed (in the cause of Allsh); he wishes that he could come hack and be killed again." (Hasan) ,:* .

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accepted the repentance of the one who killed him, and he fought and was martyred." (Sa!zi!z)

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Chapter 39. The Virtue OfArRibit (Guarding The Frontier)

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['I According to As-Sindi, the preferred pronunciation is Al-Fanan, plural of Fatan referring to Al-Munkar and An-Nakir, while AI-Fanan would refer to As&-S&ait;n or the like,

among the punishment of the grave, or, the angels of chastisement.

The Book Of Jihad

3170. It was narrated that Salmin said: "I heard the Messenger of gg say: 'whoever guards Ribat (the frontier) in the cause of AUih for one dav and one ni&t, he will have (a reward) like that of fasting and praying Qiyirm for a month. If he dies he will continue to receive reward for what he did, and he will be kept safe from AlFattiin, and he will be given provision."' (Sahib) (2Ul + d l $1)

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There is nothing astonishing about it. Worship during Lailatul Qadr is also more excellent than that of a thousand months, and this is supremely great favor of Allih.

Chapter 40. The Virtue Of Jihrid By Sea

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3173. It was narrated that Anas bin Milik said: "When the Messenger of All& @ went to Qub2 he used to come to Umm Harim bint Milhin and she would feed him. Umm Harim was manied to 'Ubidah bin &-&%nit. The Messenger of Allih g entered upon her and she fed him and checked his head for lice. The Messenger of AlEh g fell asleep, then he woke up smiling. She said: 'What is making yoi smile, 0 Messenger of Allih?' H e said: 'Some people of my Ummah were shown to me, fighting in the cause of Allill and riding across the sea like kings on thrones.' I said: '0 ~ e ~ s e nof~Allih, e r pray to Allih to make me one of them.' So the Messenger of AlEh g prayed for her, then he slept again."' (One of the narrators) Al-Hirith, said (in his narration): "He slept then he'woke up smiling. I said to hi: 'What is making you smile, 0 Messenger of Allih?'He said: 'Some people of my

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Ummah were shown to me, fighting in the cause of Allih and riding across the sea like lings on thrones,' as he had said the first time. I said: '0 Messenger of Allih, pray to AU&h to make me one of them.' He said: 'You wiU be one of the first.' And she traveled by sea at the time of Mu'iwiyah, then she fell from her mount when she came out of the sea and died." (Sahih)

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1. Umm Harim bint Milhh was the Prophet's @ unmarriageable kin (a Mahram), related to his mother's side of the family. The Prophet's visiting

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her frequently, sleeping at her house, her searching his sacred head for lice, etc., all are understood by the relationship. Otherwise, Allsh's Messenger g did not visit other houses of the Helpers in such a way. 2. A U a s Messenger g never had lice in his blessed head. He kept himself clean and tidy. He always remained fragrant and sweet-smelling. Her attempting to find lice in his head is linked to the customary common habit.

3174. It was narrated £ram Anas bin Milik that Umm H a r k bint W C i n said: "The Messenger of AUih g came to us and took a nap in our house, then he woke up smiling. I said: '0 Messenger of AUih, may my father and mother be ransomed for you, what has made you smile?' He said: 'I saw some people of my Ummah riding on the sea like kings on thrones.' I said: 'Pray to AUih to make me one of them.' He said: 'You will be one of them.' Then he slept again, and woke up smiling. I asked him and he said the same thing. I said:

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'Pray to Allih to make me one of them.' He said: 'You will be one of the first.' Then 'Ubidah bin &Simit married her, and he traveled by sea, and she traveled with him, but when she came ashore a mule was brought t o her and she mounted it, and it threw her off and broke her neck." (SaJzih)

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Chapter 41. Invading India

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3175. It was narrated that Abti Hurairah said: "The Messenger of All2h g$ promised us that we would invade India. If I live to see that, I will sacrifice myself and my wealth. If I am killed, I will be one of the best of the martyrs, and if I come back, I will be Abti Hurairah ~ l - ~ u h a r r a r . " [(Da'if) ~]

Comments The Muslims mounted an attack on India (lit. Hindustin), in the year 44H, during the Caliphate of Mu'awiyah &. Later, the expedition of Muhammad bin Qbim, which took place during the Caliphate of Walid bin Abdul Malik is well-known. 2 &q y\vy 3176. It was narrated that Abfi , Hurairah said: "The Messenger of jG$,,' g k : j6

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['1Al-Mu!zannr.: The one freed (from the Fire).

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Chapter 42. Fighting The Turks And The Ethiopians

3178. It was narrated from Abc Sukainah, a man from among the ~uhnvarin,[~ that ~ a man amonet h e ' ~ o m ~ a n i o of n s the Prophet @ said: "When the Prophet @

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The Book Of Jilzrid commanded them to dig the trench (Al-@andaq), there was a rock in their way preventing them from digging. The Messenger of All2n @ stood, picked up a pickaxe, put his Rid;' (upper garment) at the edge of the ditch and said: 'And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled in truth and in justice. None can change His Words. And He is the All-Hearer, the All~nower.'['I One-third of the rock broke off while Salmin Al-Firis? was standing there watching, and there was a flash of light when the Messenger of Allih struck (the rock). Then he struck it again and said: 'And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled in tmth and in justice. None can change His Words. And He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.' And another third of the rock broke off and there was another flash of light, which Salmin saw. Then he struck (the rock) a third time and said: 'And the Word of your Lord has been fulfilled in truth and in justice. None can change His Words. And He is the All-Hearer, the AllKnower.' The last third fell, and the Messenger of Allih g came out, picked up his Ridir' and sat down. Salm2n said: '0 Messenger of Allih, Each time you struck the rock there was a flash of light.' The Messenger of Allih g said to him: '0 Salmin, did you see that?' He said: 'Yes, by the One Who sent you with the truth, 0 Messenger of

The Book Of Jihrid

All&.' He said: 'When I struck the first blow, the cities of Kisra and their environs were shown to me, and many other cities, and I saw them with my own eyes.' Those of his Companions who were present said: '0 Messenger of Allih, pray to All* to grant us victory and to give us their lands as spoils of war, and to destroy their lands at our hands.' So the Messenger of All& @ prayed for that. (Then he said:) 'Then I struck the second blow and the cities of Caesar and their environs were shown to me, and I saw them with my own eyes.' They said: '0 Messenger of Allih, pray to AUih to grant us victory and to give us their lands as spoils of war, and to destroy their lands at our hands.' So the Messenger of All& @ prayed for that. (Then he said:) 'Then I struck the third blow and the cities of Ethiopia were shown to me, and the villages around them, and I saw them with my own eyes.' But the Messenger of AU2h @ said at that point: 'Leave the Ethiopians alone so long as they leave you alone, and leave the Turks alone so long as they leave you alone."' (Hasan) I j

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The Book Of Jilzrid

71

3179. It was narrated from AbG Hurairah that the Messenger of Allill said: ''The Hour will not begin until the Muslims fight the Turks, a people with faces lilce hammered shields who wear clothes made of hair and shoes made of hair." (Salzih)

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Comments 1. 'Their faces' means they would be insolently stern and thick, as if hide is mounted over u-on.

2. Since the Turks are the habitants of cold regions, they need to wear furred clothes and shoes.

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Chapter 43. Seeking The Support Of Allsh By The Supplications Of The Weak

3180. It was narrated from Mus'ab bin Sa'd, from his father, that he thought he was better than other Companions of the Prophet @. The Prophet of Mi11 @, said: "Rather, A l l i h supports this Unznzalz because of its weak ones, because of their supplication, their Salilz,and their sincerity." (Salzi!~)

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3181. It was narrated from Jubair bin Nufair Al-Hadrami that he heard Abij Ad-Dard&' say: "I liead the Messenger of All2h @ say:

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'Bring me the weak, for you only receive ~ r o v i s i o n and Divine support by virtue of your weak ones."' (Sahih)

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Comments All&, Most High, wishes to provide subsistence to those weak and feeble folks and desires to do well to them. But since they are dependent on you in some ways, Allih, Most High, gives you also subsistence in order to provide subsistence to them. And He succours you in order to do good to them. >

Chapter 44. The Virtue Of The One Who Equips A Warrior

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Comments Whiie some people join the armed forces, and curb the enemy, the rest of the population contributes from wages and salaries for weapons and other necessities. In this way, the whole community fulfills the obligatory duty of JihGd. And all are righU3ly entitled for the reward or recompense.

The Book Of Jihrid 3183. It was narrated that Zaid bin Khilid Al-Juhani said: "The Messenger of Allih @ said: 'Whoever equips a warrior has fought, and whoever looks after his family in his absence has fought."' (Sahilz)

3184. It was narrated that AlA . a f bin Qais said: "We set out as pilgrims and came to AlMadinah intending to perform Hajj. While we were in our camping place unloading our mounts, someone came to us and said: 'The people have gathered in the Masjid and there is panic.' So we set out and found the people gathered around a group in he middle of the Masjid, among whom were 'A12 Zubayr, Tabah and Sa'd bin AM Waqq2s. While we were like that, 'Uf_hmin, may Allih be pleased with him, came, wearing a yellow cloak with which he had covered his head. He said: 'Is Talhah here? Is Az-Zuhair here? Is Sa'd here?' They said: 'Yes.' He said: 'I adjure you by the One beside Whom there is none worthy of worship, didn't the Messenger of Allih @ say: Whoever buys the ~irbadr" of Banu so-and-so, Allih will forgive him, and I bought it for ['I Mir6ad: A place for dving dates

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twenty or twenty-five thousand, then I came to the Messenger of AUih g j and told him, and he said: Add it to our Masjid and the reward for it will be yours?' They said: 'By All&, yes.' He said: 'I adjure you by the One beside Whom there is none worthy of worship, didn't the Messenger of All& &$ say: Whoever buys the well of Rfimah, Allih will forgjve him, so I bought it for such and such an amount, then I came to the Messenger of All& g and told him, and he said: Give it to provide water for the Muslims, and the reward for it will be yours?' They said: 'By Allih, yes.' He said: 'I adjure you by the One beside Whom there is none worthy of worship, didn't the Messenger of AUih g say: Whoever equips these (men) -meaning the army bf Al-'Usrah (Tabtik) - Allih will forgive him, so I equipped them until they were not lacking even a rope or a bridle?' They said: 'By All&, yes.' He said: '0 All&, bear witness, 0 AUih, bear witness, 0 All&, bear witness."' (Hasan)

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Comments A tenfold recompense for any righteous deed is certain. In excess of it is in accordance with the sincerity of each individual concerned. There are some unadulterated sincere bondsmen who gain seven-hundredfold recompense.

Chapter 46. The Virtue Of Charity In The Cause Of All&

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3189. It was narrated from Abfi

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Mas'tid that a man gave a bridled camel in charity in the cause of Allih. The Messenger of Allih @ said: "On the Day of Resurrection seven hundred bridled camels will come to you." (Salzth)

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will not simply be the case that he comes back with no good deeds to his credit, rather he will have a number of evil deeds on his record.

The Book Of Jihiid

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Comments Fighting for ostentation and fame would become the cause of punishment instead of recompense. Hence, he would be in the loss compared to his former condition, because the wrong he would have done would exceed the good. Chapter 47. The Sanctity Of &+@I ?& - (Iv ,,-dl) The Wives Of The Mujiihidn (1V U l )

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3191. I t was n a r r a t e d from Sulaimin bin Buraidah that his father said: "The Messenger of AU2h @ said: 'The sanctity of the wives of the Mzljrihidin to those who stay behind is like the sanctity of their mothers. There is no man who takes on the responsibility of looking after the wife of one of the MzqdhirEin and betrays him with her but he (the betrayer) will be made to stand before him on the Day of Resurrection and he will take whatever he wants of his (good) deeds. So what do you think?"' @ah@) b

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Chapter 48. The O n e Who Betrays A Warrior With His Wife 3192. I t was n a r r a t e d from Sulaimb bin Buraidah, from his father, that the Messenger of AUih @j said: "The sanctity of the wives of the Mzljrihidin to those who stay behind is like the sanctity of their mothers. If he takes on the responsibility of looking after his wife then betrays him, it will be said to him on t h e Day of Resurrection: 'This one betrayed you with your wife, so take

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3193. It was narrated fi-om Ibn Buraidah, from his father, that the Messenger of All2h #g said: "The sanctity of the wives of the Mujilzidirz to those who stay behind is like the sanctity of their mothers. There is no man among those who stay behind who takes o n the responsibility of looking after the wife of one of the MujilzidDz (and betrays hi) but he (the betrayer) will be made to stand before him on the Day of Resurrection and it will be said: '0So-and-so, this is so-and-so, take whatever you want from his good deeds."' Then the Prophet @ turned to his Companions and said: "What do you think: Will he leave him any of his good deeds?" (Sa!ti!z)

3194. It was narrated that Anas said: "The Messenger of All211 g said: 'Strive in Jilz2d with your hands, your tongues and your wealtl~."'['~(Da'iS)

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['I See No. 3098.

The Book Of Jihrid

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of Jihad. Jihad with hands is fighting; Jihad with the tongue is conveying the message; Jihad with wealth is to financially assist the fighters.

3195. 1t was n a r r a t e d from 'Abdullih (may All?& be pleased with him) that the Messenger of All&% commanded that snakes be killed and he said: "Whoever fears their vengeance is not one of us." (?a?&

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3196. I t was n a r r a t e d from 'Abdullih bin 'Abdull2h bin Jabr, from his father, that the Messenger of All& g,visited Jabr (when he was sick). When he entered he heard t h e women crying and death would come when fiehtine in the cause of All*." He s& "You think that martyrdom only comes when one is killed in the cause of Allih. In that case your martyrs would be few. Being killed in the cause of All31 is martyrdom, dying of an abdominal complaint is martyrdom, being burned to death is m a r t y r d o m , drowning is martyrdom, being crushed beneath a falling wall is martyrdom, dying of pleurisy is martyrdom, and the woman who dies along with her fetus is a martyr." A man said: "Are you weeping when the Messenger of All* g is sitting

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Chapter 1. Mentioning The Command Of The Messenger Of Allih g$Concerning Marriage, His Wives And What Allih, The Mighty And Sublime, Permitted To His Prophet When It Is Forbidden To Other People, Because Of His Virtue And High Status 3198. It was narrated that 'At2 said: "We attended the funeral of M a i d a h , the wife of the Prophet g,with Ibn 'AbbB in Sarif. Ibn 'Abbb said: 'This is Mairniinah; when you lift up her bier, do not rock it nor shake it. The Messenger of All& @ had nine wives and he used to give a share of his time to eight of them and not to one."'

(Sahib)

Comments: Maymkah's marriage, bridal escort to the Prophet's g household, and death; all these events took place in Sarf. She was laid to rest in the same tent from where she was escorted to live with the Prophet g.Maimanah was the sister of Ibn 'Abbb mother.

3199. It was narrated that Ibn 'Abbis said: "When the Messenger of Allih died he had nine wives; he used to be intimate with all of them except one,yho had given her day and night to 'A&ah." (Sahih)

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3206. It was narrated that 'At2 said: "&&ah said: 'The Messenger of AUih % did not die until women h a d b e e n made lawful to him.'"''] (Sahih)

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Chapter 3. Encouragement To Marry 3208. I t w a s n a r r a t e d t h a t 'Alqamah said: "I was with Ibn Mas'fid while he was with 'Uamsn, ]nay Allih be pleased with him, and ' U r n i n said: 'The Messenger of Allih g came out to some Fifyah (young men) -AbO 'AbdurRahm2n said, 'I did not understand (the word) Fifyalz as I would want' - and said: 'Whoever among you can afford it, let him get married, for it is more effective in lowering the gaze and guarding chastity, and whoever cannot, then fasting will

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be a restraint (Wijd') for him."' (S~hih) .oY\o:z

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Salamah that AbO Hurairah said: gk : j i $! G k "I said: '0 Messenger of Allill, I ,4k a m a young man and I fear hardship for myself, but I cannot afford to marry; should I castrate myself?"' The Prophet &$ turned away from him until he said it three times. Then the Prophet g said: " 0 AbG Hurairah, the pen is dried concerning- what vou are going to face, so (it is up to you . a,>:.I 0 2 p f , , :% $I., JG $1' whether) you castrate yourself or 6 , ) not."'" (Sa!zilz) I; 4j J ' j g Li& AbCl ' A b d u r - R b 2 n (An-Nasfi) ~ l ; > ~ :l $31 g+ $7 ji said: Al-AwzE did not hear this , lG3 b ~.>-> l 2 &dl1 2 &-% narration from Az-Zuhr!, and this , !,,,, ~: + Hadie is Sulzib, YCnus reported it &x 0 1 3 ~ @ from Az-Zuhri. :4p.$i 3 43 j. $3 ol"iT: ' 6 9 1 9 3 C v I . O ' V ? : ~CSWI, j;;il .i;. L ?L Lc!GJ~ L&>L+II +,&I

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3218. It was narrated from Sa'd

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you, and made for them wives and offspring.?['] So d o not be celibate."' (Sabih)

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Chapter 5. M h h Will Help The One Who Marries, Seeking To Keep %HimselfChaste 3220. It was narrated from Abfi

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Hurairah that the Messenger of Allih +g said: "There are tlxee who are promised the help of Allih: The ~ukbtabI'l who wants to buy his freedom, the one who gets married seeking to keep himself chaste, and the Mujdlzid who fights in the cause of Allih." (Hasan)

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Chapter 6. Marrying Virgins

3221. It was narrated that Jibir said: "I ,eot married then I came to the Prophet $$$and he said: 'Have you got married, 0 Jibir?' I said: 'Yes.' He said: 'To a virgin or to a previously married woman?' I said: 'To a previously-married woman.' He said: 'Why not a virgin, so you could play with her and she could play with you?"' (Salzih) . O T ? V : ~ : JG A & > cjF3 G

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3222. It was narrated that Jibir said: "The Messenger of Allih @ met me and said: '0Jibir, have you got married to a woman since I last saw you?' I said: 'Yes, 0 Messenger of Allih B.' He said:

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The Book Of Maniage

Chapter 12. Marrying An Adulteress 3230. It was narrated from 'Amr bin au'aib, from his father, from his grandfather, that Ma&ad bin Abi M e a d Al-Ghanawi - a strong man who used to take the prisoners from Makkah to Al-MaCmah - said: "I arranged with a man to bring him (from Makkah to Al-Madinah). There was a prostitute in Makkah who was called 'Aniq, and she was his friend. She came out and saw my shadow on the wall, and said: 'Who is this? M a a a d ? Welcome, 0 Mamad, come tonight and stay at our place.' I said: '0 'Aniq, the Messenger of Allih @ has forbidden adultery.' She said: '0 people of the tents, this porcupine is the one who is taking your prisoners from Makkah to AlMadinah!' I headed toward (the mountain of) Al-Khandamah, and eight men came after me. They came and stood over my head, and they urinated, and their urine reached me, but All& caused them not to see me. Then I went to my companion (the prisoner) and brought him to Al-Arik, where I undid his fetters. Then I came to the Messenger of All& g and said: '0 Messenger of Allgh, shall I marry 'Aniq?' He remained silent and did not answer me, then the following was revealed: 'And the adulteress - fornicator, none manies her except an adulterer fornicator or an idolater.'['] He

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The Book Of Marriage

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called me and recited them to me and said: 'Do not marry her."' (Hasan)

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3231. It was narrated from Ihn 'AbbL that a man came to the Messenger of Allih g and said: "I have a wife who is one of the most beloved of the people to me, but she does not object if anyone touches her." He said: "Divorce her." He said: "I cannot do without her." He said: "Then stay with her as much as you need to." (Sahih) Abii 'Abdur-Rahmin (An-NasZ) said: This Haditlz is not reliable. 'Abdul-Karim i s n o t that strong (a narrator) and H 2 d n bin Ri'ib is more reliable than him, and he narrated it in Mursal form. H2riin is trustworthy, and his narration is more worthy of being considered correct t h a n 'Abdul-KarEm's narration.

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Chapter 13. The Prohibition Of Marrying Adulteresses

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3232. It was narrated from Abii Hurairah that the Prophet @, said: "Women are married for four things: Their wealth, their nobility, their beauty and their religious commitment. Choose the one who is religiously-committed, may your hands be rubbed with dust." (Sahilr) , 114 j. or/\&??:, .,pJl d o L G , ?

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In this narration, there is no explicit mention of contracting maniage with stating: "Go for adulterers/adulteresses. But the conclusion of the Prophet the one with religious disposition (bi Dhritid din)" is very much the same, that an adulteress should not be taken in marriage, because she does not possess a religions disposition. -

2 51.31A f - ( \ t +I)

Chapter 14. Which Woman Is Best?

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3233. It was narrated that Ab6 Hutairah said: "It was said to the Messenger of All% @: 'Which woman is best?' He said: 'The one makes him happy when he looks at her, obevs him when he commands her; and'she does not go against his wishes with regard to herself nor her wealth."' (Hasan)

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The Book Of Marriage

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Chapter 15. The Righteous Woman

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3234. Itwas nalrated from 'Ahdull211 bin 'Amr bin AI-'AS that t h e Messenger of All2h @ said: "This world is all temporary conveniences, and the best t e m p o r convenience ~ of this world is a righteous woman." (Sa!zifz)

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Chapter 16. The Jealous Woman

3235. It was narrated from h a s that they said: "0 Messenger of Allsh, why don't you marry a woman from the Ansir?" He said: "They are very jealous." (Sa!zi!z)

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The Helpers ( h s 2 r ) were the people of calm temperament. This is why their womeniolk were domu~eeiingupon them. They feared them. Thus, a sort of sharpness had developed in the temperament of the womenfolk of the Helpers. Allgh's Messenger @ had already had wives previously. The fierytempered women generally find it hard to bear themselves with their co-wives

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and husband; rather they turn into a potential headache. AUih's Messenger

g did not contact marriage with any woman of the Helpers. Chapter 17. It Is Permissible To Look Before Marriage

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3236. It was narrated that Abfi Hurairah said: "A man proposed marriage to a woman from among the &fir and the Messenger of AU2h &$ ! said to him: 'Have you seen her?' He said: 'No.' So he told him to look at her." (Sahih)

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Comments: Casting epicurean glances at women is forbidden. Needfully doing so is not prohibited. Marriage is a significant essentiality. Besides, it is a companionship of the whole life. It, therefore, is appropriate to see her in order to avoid any probable fume unpleasantness. It does not, however, mean that one should go - into her house making demands.

3237. It was narrated that AlMughirah bin a u ' b a h said: "I proposed marriage to a woman during the time of the Messenger of AU2h g,and the Prophet g said: 'Have you seen her? I said: 'No.' He said: 'look at her, for that is more likely to create love between you."' (Sahib) $+&dl

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'Unvah, that '.&&ah said: "The Messenger - of Allill g .. married me in a a w w i l and my marriage was consummated in B a w w i l . " 'Ai&ah liked for her women's marriages to be consummated in Shawwil - "and which of his wives more beloved to him than me?" (Mih) J+I

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The literal meaning of the tern Sha~w21is a bit ignominious. The Arabs, therefore, regarded this month ill-fated during the period of ignorance. Hence, why they used to regard the making of marriage contracts in this month as an evil omen, as some people nowadays do not consider mai~iage contracts permissible in the month of Muharram, which, according to them, is the month of mourning. But Islam does not entertain such superstitions.

Chapter 19. Proposal Of Marriage 3239. 'Amir bin &rahbll

A&Sha'bi narrated that he heard &mah hint Qais - who was one of the first Muhajir women - say: 'Abdur-Rahmin b i i 'Awf proposed marriage to me, along with others of the Companions of Muhammad @. And the Messenger of Allih &$ proposed that I marry his freed slave, Usimah bin Zaid. I was told that the Messen~erof Allih g had ~. said: ' ~ h o e v e r l o v e sme, let him love Usimah.' When the Messenger of All2h g spoke to me I said: 'My affairs are in your hands; many me to whomever you wish.' H e said: 'Go to Umm Shafik.' Umm B a r % was a rich &iri woman who used to spend a great deal in the cause of Allill,

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and she always had a lot of guests. I said: 'I will do that.' He said: 'Do not do that, for Umm 3 a r i k has a lot of guests, and I would not like your aimirr to fall off, or your shins to become uncovered, and the people see something of you that you do not want them to see. Rather go to your cousin (son of your paternal uncle) 'Abdullih bin 'Amr bin Umm Mddiim, who is a man of Banu Fihr.' So I went to him." This is an abridged form of it. (Sahih) + &I+

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To propose a mamage is not something blameworthy, nor should one get annoyed at it. How could one achieve something without one's asking? However, the proposal ought to be made to the woman's guardian.

Chapter 20. Prohibition Of Proposing Marriage To A Woman When Someone Else Has Already Proposed To Her 3240. It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar that the Prophet @ said: "None of you should propose marriage to a woman when someone else bas alreadv oro~osedto her."

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Proposal over proposal (making a proposal while that of another person is still being weighed) is repugnant to sincerity; it also reveals or unmasks jealousy and selfishness. But, if a proposal is turned down then there is no h a m in it. ",, ,,,:z - y y f ' k 3 2 3241. It was narrated that AbCl ,I; '

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Comments: 'Unless he manies': This signifies the other person should wait and watch. If the negotiations succeed and the marriage contract takes place, it is well and good. If the proposal aborts, then the other person may make the proposal.

3244. It was narrated from AbB Hnrairah that the Prophet said: "None of you should propose marriage t o a woman when someone else has already proposed to her." (Sahih)

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Chapter 21. Proposing Marriage When The Other Suitor Gives Up The Idea Or Gives ~ermission

3245. 'Abdullfih bin 'Amr used to

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Chapter 29. A Man Marrying Off His Young Daughter

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There is absolutely no difference of opinion concerning contracting marriage of one's non-adult or minor daughter. The disagreement, however, exists in the matter whether the daughter has the right to retain the mamage or not, when she reaches puberty. But the girl has the right to dissolve her marriage when she attains puberty, if the marriage contract was made effective by a guardian other than her father. There is consensus over it.

3258. It was narrated that '&&ah said: "The Messenger of A la % married me when I was seven years old, and he consummated the marriage with me when I was nine." (Sahib)

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3259. I t was narrated that AbO 'Ubaidah said: "&&ah said: 'The Messeneer ', of AU2h B married me when I was nine and I lived with him for nine years."' (Sahih)

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Some individuals, who ostensibly claim to be researchers, deny the aforementioned narrations conceining the age of 'A&ah %. These narrations are, however, authentic. It is the statement of 'Ai&ah $$ herself, which her various pupils have transmitted from her. A great majority of her pupils cannot make the same mistake.

Chapter 30. A Man Marrying Off His Grown Up Daughter

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3261. 'Umar bin A l - a a t t i b , may A l l i h be pleased with him, narrated: "Hafsah bint 'Umar became single when (her husband) IU~unaisbin H u a i f a h As-Sahmi (died). H e was o n e of t h e Companions of the Prophet g , and he died in Al-Madinah." 'Umar said: "I went to 'U&m2n bin 'Afkb and offered Hafsah in marriage to him. I said: 'If you wish, I will marly you to Hafsah bint 'Umar.' He said: 'I will think about it.' A few davs ~assed.then I met him and he said: "1t seems that

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I do not want to get married at the moment."' 'Umar said: "Then I

met Abii Bakr As-Siddfq, may Allih be pleased with him, and said: 'If you wish, I will marry HafSah bint 'Umar to you.' Abii Bakr remained silent, and did not give me any answer, and I felt more upset with him than I had with 'Ut&nin. Several days passed, then the Messenger of All& g proposed marriage to her and I mamed her to him.Abfi Bakr met me and said: 'Perhaps you felt :A6 if &$ ,:cl .* upset with me when you offered , p * -i ; 2 k $ clW Hafsah in marriage to me, and I , , did not give you any answer?' I ' :3 $ j6 +, said: 'Yes.' H e said: 'Nothing .i >? < prevented me from giving you an . ~l 1 bl :jb answer when you made the offer to ,?,,+ I 2 ?! .ji : *. ,, '-2 -9 me, except the fact that I had 3 . .d heard the Messenger of AUih &iY $1 $3 & ~ 32:@$,, &I j$> speak of her, and I did not want to $I j kg$I P*J ,I e * d i s c l o s e t h e s e c r e t of t h e Messenger of Allih g.If he had left her, then I would have mamed her."' (@ih) . o r ~ t c :d $ ~ ~ $p3~ r ~ o ~ : ~

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Chapter 31. Asking A Virgin For Permission With Regard To Marriage

3262. It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbis that the Messenger of Allih & said: "A previously mamed woman has more right to decide ! about herself (with regard to marriage) than her guardian, and a virgin should b e asked f o r permission with regard to marriage,

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3278. 'Uthmin bin 'Affin, may Allill be pleased with him, narrated that the Prophet g said: "The Mulzrinz should not get married, arrange a marriage for someone else, nor propose marriage." (Sa?zi?z)

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Chapter 39. What Is Recommended To Say On The Occasion Of Marriage 3279. I t was n a r r a t e d t h a t 'Abdull2h said: "The Messenger of All& g taught us the Tafialzhud for Sallih and the Tas&alzlzud upon ~ l - ~ l i j a l z . ' " H e said: 'The Tas&alzhud upon the occasion of marriage is: Allzanzdu lilllilzi nasta'irtalzu wa izastaglzfiuhu, iua na'iidhu billlilzi rnirz shuriiri aizfusirlri, man yaladilz Illlilzu falli iizudilla lalzu wa nzarz .yudlil . Illlilzu fa16 lzlidiya lahu, wa a&adu an lli illiha illalllilz, wa a&adu anna Mu!zanzmadaiz 'abdulzu wa rasiilulzu

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The Book Of Marriage

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(Praise be to All&, we seek His help and His forgiveness. We seek refuge with All& from the evil of our own souls. Whomsoever All81 guides will never be led astray, and whomsoever Allih leaves astray, no one can guide. I bear witness that there is none worthy of worship but Allih, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger).' Then he recited three Verses." (Da'ifi

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The Book Of Marriage Chapter 40. What Is Disliked In The M b a h 3281. It was narrated that 'Adiw bin H 6 . h said: " l b o men recited a Tashalzlzud before the Prophet @$ and T n e of them said: 'Whoevd; obeys Allih and His Messenger has been guided aright and whoever disobeys them has gone astray.' The Messenger of All6.h @ , said: -~ 'What a had speaker you are!"' (Sahilz)

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"What a bad speaker you are:" The Prophet's g rebuke was because the man mentioned AUih, Most High, and His Messenger g in one pronoun (Ya'silzinzB), "disobeys", which creates the notion that Allih and His Messenger @ are equivalent in rank, while there is absolutely no comparison between the Creator and the created. As for the Messenger @ saying "them" in reference to himself and Allah, thus can only be said by him. This is because in such cases he is not saying 'us' hut speaking about himself in the thud person. And this is not the case if others say "them" regarding Allah and His Messenger g

Chapter 41. The Words By Which The Marriage Tie Is Completed 3282. Sahl bin Sa'd said: "I was among the people with the Prophet when a woman stood up and said: '0 Messenger of All211, she has offered herself in marriage to you, so see what you think of her.' H e remained silent and t h e Prophet g did not give any answer. Then she stood up (again) and said: '0 Messenger of All&, she has offered herself in marriage to you, so see what you think of

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her.' A man stood up and said: 'Marry her to me, 0 Messenger of Allih!' He said: 'Do you have anything?' He said: 'No.' He said: 'Go and look, even if it is just an iron ring.' So he went and looked then he came and said: 'I could not find anything, not even an iron ring.' H e s a i d : 'Have you memorized anything of t h e Qur'h?' He said: 'Yes, SGrah suchand-such and SGrah such-and-such.' He said: 'I many you to her on the basis of what you have memorized of the Qur'h."' (Sahih)

Chapter 42. Conditions In Marriage

3283. It was narrated from 'Utbah

bin 'h that the Messenger of All2h g said: "The conditions that are most deserving of fdfihent, are those by means of which the orivate Darts become allowed to

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Chapter 43. The Type Of Marriage After Which, A Thrice-Divorced Woman May Return To Her First Husband 3285. It was narrated that '&&ah said: "The wife of RiWah came to the Messenger of Allill g and said: 'Rifgah divorced me and made it irrevocable. Then I married 'Abdur-Rahmin bin AzZubair, and what he has is like the f r i n g e of a g a r m e n t . ' T h e Messenger of Allih +@ smiled and said: 'Do you want to go back to Rifgah? No, not until he ('AbdurRahmin) tastes your sweetness and you taste his sweetness."' (SaJtih) c+3 ~Y-trq:~ \ r ~ r : ~. . . b~L2

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'Like the fringe of a garment': This alludes to the lack of his virility.

Chapter 44. A Stepdaughter Who Is In One's Care Is Forbidden For Marriage 3286. 'U~wahnarrated that Zainah bint Abi Salamah - whose mother was U r n Salamah, the wife of the Prophet g - told him that Umm Haliibah bint Abi Sufyin told her that she said: " 0 Messenger of A l l i h , marry my sister, the daughter of AbO Sufyin." She said: "The Messenger of Allih jg said: 'Would you like that?' I said: 'Yes;

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The Book Of Marriage I do not have yau aU to myself and I l~ouldlike to share this goodness with my sister.' The Prophet @ said: 'Your sister is not permissible for me (to marry),' I said: 'By All&, 0 Messenger of All& @, we have been saying that you want t o m a r r y D u r r a h hint AbE Salamah.' He said: 'The daughter of Umm Salamah?' I said: 'Yes.' He said: 'By Allfih, even if she were not my stepdaughter who is in my care, s h e would not be permissible for me (to marry), because she is the daughter of my brother through breast-feeding. Thuwaibah brcastfed AbO Salamah and I. So do not offer your daughters or sisters to me in marriage."' (Sahih)

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Hurairah said: "The Messenger of Allsh % =- forbade taking - a woman as a co-wife to her paternal aunt or her maternal aunt." (Sahih)

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. O \ ~ A G : ~' ~ & i i & l It is forbidden to contract marriage with a paternal aunt and her niece (brother's daughter) simultaneously; irrespective of the fact whether the paternal aunt was first committed to marriage or the niece (brother's daughter). The ruling concerning the maternal aunt and her niece (sister's daughter) is the same.

3299. '&im said: "I read a book to As&-aa'bi in which it was narrated from Jibir that the Prophet @ said: 'A woman should not be taken as a co-wife to her paternal aunt or her maternal aunt.' He said: 'l heard that from Jibir."' (Sa?zi!z)

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3300. Jfibir bin 'Abdullfih said: "The Messenger of AUSh @ forbade taking a woman as a cowife t o her paternal aunt o r maternal aunt." (Sahih)

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3304. It was narrated from '&*a11 that the Prophet g said: "What becomes unlawful (for marriage) through breast-feeding is that which becomes unlawful through lineage." (Sa!zi!i)

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