Mexican Spanish [1 ed.] 1740594959, 9781740594950
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Citation preview
sebooks
Mexican Spanish
ird
two-way dictionar
essential phrases Hello.
Buen
dia. pol
bwen deea
Hoia.
inf
o-la
Goodbye.
Ad ids
Please.
Por favor.
por
Thank you. You're welcome.
Qracias.
gra-syas
De nada.
de na-da
Yes.
Si.
see
No. Excuse me.
No.
no
Disculpe.
dees-/coo/-pe
Sorry.
Perdon.
per-don
Entiendo.
en-tyen-do
Noentiendo.
no en-ryen-do oon momen-to
1
1
understand. don't understand.
One moment,
Un momento,
please.
Help!
Where's the
a-dyos
toilet?
fa -vor
por favor.
por
jSocorro!
so-ko-ro
iDondeesta el baho?
don-de es-ta el ba-nyo
fa -vor
numbers 1
uno
oo-no
6
seis
says
2
dos
dos
7
siete
sye-te
3
tres
tres
8
cuatro
kwa-Xro
9
ocho nueve
ocho
4 5
cinco
seen-ko
10
diez
dyes
ISBN
1
-
74059
-
495
-
9
USA UK
781 740 594950 il
nwe-ve
1st Edition
$7.99 £5.99
Mexican Spanish
phrasebooks
1
Mexican Spanish phrasebook 1 st edition - October 2003 Published by Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd
90 Maribyrnong
St,
ABN 36 005 607 983
Footscray, Victoria 301
1
,
Australia
Lonely Planet Offices Australia
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USA 50 Linden St, Oakland CA 94607 UK 72-82 Rosebery Ave, London, EC1 R 4RW 1
France
Cover
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rue du
Dahomey, 7501
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Paris
illustration
jViva la vida de la bebida!
by Patrick Marris
ISBN! 74059 495 9 text
©
Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd 2003
cover illustration
©
Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd 2003
9876543
10
Printed by the Printed
in
All rights
stored
1
Bookmaker
International Ltd
China
reserved.
in a retrieval
No
may be reproduced, any form by any means,
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Although the authors and Lonely Planet have taken care
in
preparing this book,
accuracy or completeness of extent permitted, disclaim
all
reasonable
we make no warranty about the its content and, to the maximum
ail liability
arising
from
its
use.
acknowledgments This phrasebook
the product of a close collaboration between
is
editors, translators, designers
would
Editor Piers Kelly
bringing
it
staff of
all
stripes.
to thank everyone involved
in
into existence.
thanks to the
Special
and publishing
like
translators
terrific
Rafael
and
Cecilia
Carmona who remained involved right through to the final stages. These prodigies would never have been spotted without the intuition of two talented talent scouts: commissioning editors Karina Coates
Their labour
and
Karin Vidstrup
Monk.
would not have borne
assistance of the three amigos -
Mertens
who
kept
it
fruit
without the ongoing
managing
editor Annelies
running, and fellow editors Francesca Coles
and Ben Handicott who kept
it
real.
Layout designer Patrick Marris transformed
his
miraculous visions
and inside illustrations, and pieced everything together with help from layout designer Sally Darmody. Series designer Yukiyoshi Kamimura was responsible for the book design and layout checks together with layout manager Adriana Mammarella. into the front cover
Thanks also to JenniKate
Estavillo
additional linguistic intelligence
and Isa Haviland for offering and cultural insights, Gerilyn
Attebery for patiently explaining the peculiarities of gringo English,
and David Burnett and Nick Stebbing
for technical
assistance.
We'd
be
lost
without
the
marvellous
map produced by
cartographer Valentina Kremenchutskaya, cartographic designer
Wayne Murphy and managing cartographer
Paul Piaia.
And
where would we be without the guidance of project manager Fabrice Rocher and his bandido in crime, Charles Rawlings-Way? Finally, first
nobody would have known why we were doing it in the manager Jim
place without the masterminding of publishing
Jenkin and his successor Peter D'Onghia
.
make the most of this phrasebook ... Anyone can speak another language! It's all about confidence. Don't worry if you can't remember your school language lessons or if you've never learnt a language before. Even if you learn the very basics (on the inside covers of this book), your travel experience will be the better for it. You have nothing to lose and everything to gain when the locals hear you making an effort.
finding things in this book
book
The Tools chapters The Practical section covers basic travel situations like catching transport and finding a bed. The Social section gives you conversational phrases, pick-up lines, the ability to express opinions - so you can get to know people. Food has a section all of its own: gourmets and vegetarians are covered and local dishes feature. Safe Travel equips you with health and police phrases, just in case. Remember the colours of each section and you'll find everything easily; or use the comprehensive Index. Otherwise, check the two-way traveller's Dictionary for the word you need. For easy navigation, this
are the ones you'll
is
in sections.
thumb through time and
again.
being understood Throughout this book you'll see coloured phrases on the righthand side of each page. They're phonetic guides to help you pronounce the language. You don't even need to look at the but you'll get used to the way we've represented sounds. The pronunciation chapter in Tools will explain more, but you can feel confident that if you read the coloured phrase slowly, you'll be understood.
language
itself,
particular
communication
tips
Body language, ways of doing things, sense of humour - all have a role to play in every culture, local talk' boxes show you common ways of saying things, or everyday language to drop into conversation, listen for boxes supply the phrases you may hear. They start with the phonetic guide (because you'll hear it before you know what's being said) and then lead in to the language and the English translation. ...'
5
,
7
introduction map
6
introduction
7
tools numbers & amounts
29
a-z phrasebuilder
13
time & dates
31
language
27
money
35
75
pronunciation
9
difficulties
37
banking
47
sightseeing
77
49
business
81
accommodation
51
disabled travellers
83
shopping communications
61
children
85
69
meeting people
87
interests
97
transport
border crossing
,.
directions
& opinions
beliefs
&
cultural
differences
121
1
03
art
going out
1
09
sport
125
romance
1 1
outdoors
1
eating out
1
self-catering
151
essentials
171
feelings
39
index
& special meals
culinary reader
health
33
155 1
57
175
mexican spanish-english
english-mexican Spanish dictionary
vegetarian
123
1
85
dictionary
21
mexican Spanish
91 mexican Spanish usage For
more
details see the introduction
INTRODUCTION introduccion
When
the Spanish conquistador Hernando Cortes landed in Mexico he was confronted by a vast and complex Aztec civilisation in which Nahuatl and Mayan languages predominated. It's difficult to imagine how Cortes, with his relatively small band of followers, managed to overthrow one of the most powerful empires of its time. The key to the conquest of Mexico was not brute force but language. As every Mexican knows, it was the indigenous mistress of Cortes - a Mayan girl known as La Malinche - who facilitated the Spanish conquest by acting as an interpreter between the warring parties. Though reviled by many as a traitor, in recent years she has been reinvented as a symbol of Mexico's unique hybrid culture. In many ways, the multilingual La Malinche is also the mother of Mexican Spanish, a language that still bears the birthmark of the early interaction between Mexico and Europe. Today Mexican Spanish at a glance. has evolved from that first significant encounter. language name: Variations in grammar and Mexican Spanish
names
in
language:
espahol, castellano,
espanol mexicano
language family: Romance
approximate number of speakers: 98 million close relatives: Castilian Spanish, Latin American Spanish,
Italian,
French,
Portuguese
donations to English: tomato, chocolate, avocado, coyote
pronunciation distinguish
Mexican Spanish from the Castilian Spanish spoken in Spain. Mexicans do not 'lisp' the letters c and z, as the Spanish do, and the use of the Spanish form vosotros
('you'
plural)
is
remote areas of the southern state of Chiapas. Perhaps the most limited to
obvious distinguishing feature of Mexican Spanish its
colloquial
is
vocabulary
that sets
it
apart from Castilian Spanish, as well as the forms in neighbouring Latin American countries
of Spanish spoken
(see Lonely Planet's Spanish Phrasebook, Costa Rica Spanish
Phrasebookand
Latin American Spanish Phrasebook). The indigenous languages that first baffled Cortes have had a considerable impact on Mexican Spanish, especially in words to do with food, flora, fauna and place names (including the word Mexico itself). Nahuatl words, such as avocado and tomato, have even made it into the English language. These days US English is possibly the strongest influence on Mexican Spanish, particularly in the northern border areas where Mexicans are known to accommodate some English words in
everyday conversation. Getting acquainted with Mexican Spanish is easy. In many ways, the pronunciation is similar to English, and visitors soon fall for the beauty of the Mexican accent with its cantering rhythm and plaintive rising and falling. If you're already familiar with the Spanish spoken in Spain or elsewhere in Latin America you'll have no problem learning the basic differences, and locals will warm to your efforts to use the appropriate Mexican words
and expressions. This book gives you all the practical vocabulary and phrases you need to get by as well as all the fun, spontaneous phrases that lead to a better understanding of Mexico and its people. Need more encouragement? Remember, the contact you make using Mexican Spanish
new
will
relationships
make your travels
and
unique. Local knowledge,
a sense of satisfaction are
on the tip of your
tongue, so don't just stand there, say something!
abbreviations used
in this
book
m
masculine
sg singular
pol polite
f
feminine
pi plural
inf
informal
TOOLS > pronunciation herramientas de pronunciacion
Mexican Spanish pronunciation isn't hard, as many sounds are sounds used in English.The best way to learn the correct pronunciation is to listen carefully to people around you. Mexican Spanish pronunciation differs from the Castilian Spanish spoken in Spain. The most obvious difference is the lack of the lisping 'th' sound which is found in Castilian Spanish. With a bit of practice you'll soon get the basics and even if you can't roll your r's like Speedy Gonzalez, you'll still be understood. similar to
vowel sounds vocales symbol
english equivalent
Spanish example
run
agua
red
numero
bee
dia
dog
ojo
book
gusto
Mexican Spanish are quite short and fairly closed. English vowels, the sound remains level, and each vowel is pronounced as an individual unit. There are, however, a number of cases where two vowel sounds become very
Vowels Unlike
closely
in
some
combined
symbol
(so-called 'diphthongs'):
english equivalent
Spanish example
aisle
bailor
say
seis
house
autobus
boy
hoy
consonant sounds consonantes symbol
english equivalent
Spanish example
big
barco
chili
chica
a
din
dinero
fun
fiesta
go
gato
kick
cabeza/queso
as in the Scottish
gen te/jardin/Mexico
loch
loud
logo
man
manana
no
nuevo
canyon
senora
pig
padre
run, but strongly
especially in
'rolled',
words with so
semana/Xochimilco
tin
tienda
;
a soft
b',
between
10
ritmo/mariposa/burro
'rr'
halfway
V and
veinte 'b'
win
guardia/Oaxaca
yes
llave/viaje
word
stress entasis
Words in Spanish have stress, which means you emphasise one syllable over another. Rule of thumb: when a written word ends in n, s or a vowel, the stress falls on the secondOtherwise, the
last syllable.
an accent mark over
you
final syllable
a syllable,
it
is
just stress that syllable instead. Don't
remember
this rule -
the stressed syllable
plunge
stressed.
If
you see
cancels out these rules and
worry
if
you
can't
our coloured phonetic guides give you
in italics.
in! {animate!
Don't worry too
language
is
a
much about
pronunciation. Speaking another
acting, so
little like
if
you can
talk the talk like
Benicio del Toro you're halfway there. The coloured phonetic
guides we've provided for every phrase give you
sounds and the stressed
all
the correct
syllables.
mexican Spanish alphabet a
a
i
b
be
k
c
se
ch
lar-ga
che
1
II
kho-ta
r
er
ka
rr
e-le
s
e-se
doblee-le
t
te
00
e-re
d
de
m
erne
u
e
e
n
ene
V
be korta
f
efe
n
enye
w
do-ble be
X
ekees
9
khe
h
ache
P
pe
y
ee-grye-ga
ee
Q
koo
z
seta
i
11
spellbound The
between Mexican Spanish sounds and
relationship
their spelling
quite straightforward and consistent. The
is
following rules
Spanish you
before e or 's'
help you read any written Mexican
will
may come i
across:
pronounced
as the
cerveza, cinco
in 'so'
before as the
a, 'k'
o and u pronounced
carro, corto,
cubo
in 'kick'
before e or pronounced as the /'
'ch' in 'loch
7
gigonte
- a harsh, breathy
sound
pronounced (the
as the
'g' in
'go'
guerra,
in
Guillermo,
not pronounced
Li is
these combinations unless there are
two dots over the
never pronounced
guiski u)
(silent)
harsh and breathy as the
'ch'
haber jardin
in 'loch'
pronounced
as the
pronounced
as the 'ny' in
'y'
in 'yes'
Hove nino
'canyon'
pronounced as the 'k' is not pronounced) usually
pronounced
in 'kick' {u
as the 'ch'
quince
Mexico
in 'loch'
as an
place as a
in some indigenous names
's'
'ks' in
Xochimilco
proximo
other words
(See also the box on page 84)
pronounced
12
as the
's'
in
'soup'
zorro
a-z phrasebuilder construyendo f rases
Differences in vocabulary and pronunciation distinguish Mexican Spanish from the Spanish spoken in Spain. But Mexicans will also structure their sentences slightly differently. If you're already familiar with some Spanish, take note of how Mexicans use diminutives (page 17) and the plural form of you (page 26). This chapter is designed to help you build your own sentences. It's arranged alphabetically for ease of navigation. If you can't find the exact phrase you need in this book, remember that with just a little grammar, a few gestures and a couple of well-chosen words,
you'll generally
a/an I'd like
get the message across.
& some a ticket
and
a postcard.
oon
Quisiera un boleto
kee-sye-ra
y una postal.
ee oo-na pos-ta/
(lit:
bo-/e-to
l-would-like a ticket
and
a pcstcard)
Spanish has two words for 'a/an': un and una. The gender of the noun determines which one you use. Un and una have plural forms, unos and unas, meaning 'some'.
un sg
un taco
oon
fa-ko
masculine unos
unos tacos pi
oo-nos tokos
una sg
una casa oo-na kasa
feminine unas
unas casas pi
oo-nas /casas
13
a
adjectives articles
see describing things
see a/an
& some and the
be Spanish has two words for the English verb use SER to express
and
'be': ser
estar.
examples
permanent
Cec/7/a es
Cecilia
characteristics of
muy amoble.
nice.
persons/things
sesee-lya es
occupations or
Marcos es de Mexico,
Marcos
nationality
mar-kos es de
Mexico.
mooy
is
very
a-mo-ble is
from
me-khee-ko
& location
Son
las tres.
of events
son
las tres
possession
iDe quien
the time
It's
es esta
mochiia?
3 o'clock.
Whose backpack is
this?
de kyen es esta mo-c/iee-la
use ESTAR to express
examples
temporary
La comida esta
characteristics of
la
persons/things
free-
the time
& location
of persons/things
fria.
The meal
is
komee-da esta
Estamos en
We are in
Coyoacdn.
Coyoacan.
es-ramos en ko-yo-akan
the
mood of a
person
Estoy contento/a.
m/f es-foy
14
kon fen-to/a
I'm happy.
cold.
1
1
you
sg inf
am
a journalist
yo
soy
are
from Chihuahua
tu
eres
you sg pol
are
an
artist
he/she
is
an
artist
reportera
de
Chihuahua usted el/ella
es
m/f
nosostros/
artista
es
artista
somos
solteros/as
son
estudiantes
son
estudiantes
as m/f
you
p!
I
pol&inf
I
they
i
are
I
students
ustedes
m&f are
i
students
1
ellos/as m/f
yo
estoy
bien
you sg inf
are
angry
tu
estas
enojado/a
you sg poi
are
drunk
usted
esta
borracho/a
he/she
is
drunk
el/ella
esta
borracho/a
we
are
happy
nosostros/as
estamos
contentos/as
estan
leyendo
estan
leyendo
m/f
you
pi
are
reading
are
reading
ustedes
pol&inf
they
ellos/as
m/f
15
describing things I'm looking for a comfortable hotel.
Estoy buscando un hotel
es-toy boos-kan-do
comodo.
ko-mo-do
oon
o-tel
l-am looking-for a hotel
(lit:
comfortable)
When
using an adjective to describe a noun, you need to use a
different
ending depending on whether the noun
is
masculine
and singular or plural. Most adjectives have four forms which are easy to remember: or feminine,
fantastico
fantdsticos
fantdstica
fantdsticas
un hotel
oon ore/
a fantastic hotel
fantastico
fan-tastee-ko
una hamaca
oo-na
fan-
amaka
a fantastic
fan fasteeka
hammock
libros
oonos /eebros
some fantastic
fantdsticos
fan-fasteekos
books
tdstica
unos
unas
oonas
tortillas
some fantastic
tor feeyas
fantdsticas
fan-tasteekas
Adjectives generally
come after the noun
adjectives of quantity (such as 'much',
tortillas
in
Spanish. However,
'a lot', 'little/few',
much') and adjectives expressing possession 'your')
always precede the noun.
muchos
16
(eg, 'my'
turistas
moochos too-rees-tas
primera close
pree-me-ra klase
mi sombrero
mee sombrero
many tourists
'too
and
diminutives Mexicans frequently use diminutives which are nouns whose endings have been altered
in
order to soften their intensity,
emphasise smallness, express endearment or even politeness.
A
person's
name can be made
diminutive as a
show way of
expressing affection, especially towards a child or younger sibling.
Diminutives are created by changing the ending of the noun to
-/to for a
masculine noun, or
monly, diminutives
-ita for
a feminine
may be formed with -Mo and
noun. Less comendings.
-ilia
noun
diminutive noun
used to express
un momento
un momentito
show
one moment
just a
|
(lit:
moment
dos semanas
dos semanitas
two weeks
just (lit:
politeness
a moment-little)
soften
two weeks two weeks-little)
goto
gatito
cat
kitten
Pablo Paul
Pablito
intensity
emphasize (lit:
cat-little)
smallness
endearment/
(dear) Paul
(lit:
Paul-little)
affection
gender Mexican Spanish, all nouns - words which denote a thing, person or concept - are either masculine or feminine. In
The dictionary will tell you what gender a noun is, but here some handy tips to help you determine gender:
are •
gender
is
feminine •
• •
when
masculine
when
words ending words ending words ending
talking
about
talking a
about
in -o
are often masculine
in -a
are often feminine
in -d, -z
a
man and
woman
or -ion are usually feminine
17
In
book, masculine forms appear before the feminine
this
you see a word ending in -o/a, it means the masculine form ends in -o, and the feminine form ends in -a (that is, you replace the -o ending with the -a ending to make it feminine). The same goes for the plural endings -os/as. If you seen an {a) between brackets on the end of a word, eg, escritor(a), it means you have to add that in order to make that word feminine. In other cases we spell out the whole word. forms.
If
& some, describing things,
See also a/an
possession and the.
have I
have two brothers. Tengo dos hermanos. (lit: l-have two brothers)
Possession can be indicated
The
easiest
way
is
various
ways
in
Mexican Spanish.
tener, 'have'.
BNMM
yo
tengo
un boleto
inf
have
the key
tu
tienes
la
Have
you sg pol
have
the key
usted
tiene
la
Have
he/she
has
aspirin
el/ella
tiene
aspirinas
we
have
matches
tenemos
cerillos
have
tequila
tienen
tequila
have
problems
tienen
problemas
you
they
See also
is
nosotros/as
m/f
pi
pol&inf
18
in
by using the verb
gpm you sg
tengo dos er-mo-nos
my & your and
& are see be
ustedes
ellos/as
somebody's.
m
f
location
see this
& that
more than one I
would
like
two
tickets.
Quisiera dos boletos. l-would-like
(lit:
In
general,
if
two
kee-sye-ra
the word ends
the nouns ends
in a
dos
bo-/e-tos
tickets) in a
consonant
vowel, you add -sfora plural. (ory),
you add
If
-es:
coma
/co-ma
comas
ka-mas
mujer
moo-kher
mujeres
moo-khe-res
my & your This
is
my daughter.
Esta es (lit:
mi hija.
this
is
es-ta es
A common way
of indicating possession
adjectives before the
noun they
is
by using possessive
describe. As with any other
noun in number and gender (masculine or feminine).
adjective, they always agree with the
or plural)
mee ee-kha
my daughter)
(singular
19
,
masculine
feminine
I
mi
.
mi regolo
,
,
masculine
feminine
friends
sisters
misamigos
.,
.
I
*
habitacion
.
tu regolo 9
.
your sg pof
su regalo
...
tu
tusamigos
.,
'
habitacion su
...
susamigos
.,
habitacion
.
su regalo
mis ,
hermanas
su
...
.,
habitacion
susamigos 9
tus
hermanas sus ,
hermanas sus .
hermanas
nuestro
nuestra
nuestros
nuestras
regalo
habitacion
amigos
hermanas
su
su regalo
...
.
sus
amigos
sus
amigos
*
habitacion
.
su regalo
su
...
.
habitacion
*
sus .
hermanas sus .
hermanas
See also have & somebody's.
negative Just
I
add the word no before the main verb of the sentence:
don't
like bullfights.
No me gustan
las
corridas de toros. (lit:
not
me they-please
the bullfights)
20
no
me goo-stan
ko-ree-das
las
de roros
planning ahead As in English, you can talk about your plans or future events by using the verb ir (go) followed by the word a (to) and the infinitive of another verb, for example:
Tomorrow,
going to travel to Real de Catorce. ma-nyo-na yo voy a vya-/c/w a Real de Catorce. a xe-al de ka-tor-se I'm
Mariana, yo voy a viajar
(lit:
tomorrow
to Real
I
go-l to travel
de Catorce)
am going
I
to
call
you sg inf
are going
to sleep
tu
vas
a dormir
you sg po!
are going
to dance
usted
va
a bailor
to drink
el/ella
va
a beber
he/she
is
we you
going
are going
tosii
nosotros/as
vamos a cantar
are going
to eat
ustedes
van
a comer
are going
to write
ellos/as
van
a escribir
pi
pol&inf
m/f
plural
see
more than one
pointing something out To point something out the easiest phrases to use are es (it is), or eso es (that is). To say 'this is' use esfe es if it's a masculine object and esta es if it's feminine. 21
Es
una quia de
es oo-na gee-a
de
me-ree-da
Eso es mezcal.
e-so es mes-kal
Este es
mi
es-to es
pasoporte. Esta es
mee
pa-sa-por-te
mi
es-ta es
mee
leesen-sya
licencio.
See also this
It's
a guide to
Merida.
Merida.
That This
is is
mezcal.
my
passport. This
is
my
drivers license.
& that.
possession
see have,
my & your and somebody's
pronouns Subject pronouns corresponding to T, 'you', 'he', 'she', 'it', 'we' and 'they' are often omitted, as verb endings make it clear who the subject is. Use them if you want to emphasise the subject. plural
singular
yo
nosotros/as m/f
tu
usted es
usted el/ella
ustedes ellos/as
m/f
See also be, have and you.
questions Is
that the main square? lEso es elzocalo? (lit:
that
is
e-so es el so-kalo
the main-square)
When
asking a question, simply make a statement, but raise your intonation towards the end of the sentence, as you can do in English. The inverted question mark in written Spanish
prompts you to do 22
this.
question words
Who are those men
What are you saying
Which restaurant
iQuienlsq
kyen
iQuienes? pi
kye-nes
iQuien es?
kyen es
iQuienes son estos
/eyeries
hombres?
ombres
iQue?
ke
iQue esta usted
ke es-ta oosted
diciendo?
dee-syen-do
iCual? sg
kwal
iCuoles? pi
kwales kwal es
iCuoiesel is
the cheapest?
Which local dishes you recommend?
son es-tos
restaurante
mas
el
restow-ronte mas
baroto?
ba-ra-to
iCuales platos
/ova-lesp/a-tos
tipicos puedes recomendar?
ree-peekospwe-des
iCuando?
kwan-do
re-ko-men-dar
When does the next
iCuondo
bus arrive?
proximo pesero?
pro/c-see-mo pe-se-ro
iDonde?
don-de
iDondepuedo comprarboletos?
don-de pwe-do kom-prar bo-/e-tos
iComo?
/co-mo
iComo se dice eso
ko-mo se dee-se
en espanol?
en es-pa-nyo/
ere can
I
buy
tickets?
How do you say that in
Spanish?
llega el
kwan-do ye-ga
el
es-o
iCuanto cuesta?
kwan-to kwe-sta
How many?
iCuantos/as? mli pi
kwan-tos/kwan-tas
For how nights?
iPorcuantos noches?
no-ches
iPorque?
por/ce
l?or que esta cerradoel museo?
por ke esta
many
por kwan-tas
se-rodo
el
mooseo 23
.
SOITie
see a/an
& some
somebody's In
Spanish, ownership
That's
my friend's
is
expressed through the word de
la mochila de mi amigo. (lit: that is the backpack
Esq es
of
(of)
backpack. e-sa es la mo-chee-la
de mee a-mee-go
my friend)
See also have and
my & your.
the The articles el and la both mean 'the'. Whether you use el or la depends on the gender of the thing, person or idea talked about, which in Spanish will always be either masculine or feminine. The gender is not really concerned with the sex of something, for example a toucan is a masculine noun, even if it's female! There's no rule as to why, say, the sea [el mar) is masculine but the beach {la playa) is feminine. When talking about plural things, people or ideas, you use los in stead of el and las instead of la. singular
el
la
burro
el
tienda
la
los burros las tiendas
el
los
la
las
boo-ro ryen-da
los boo-ros las
ryendas
See also gender and a/an & some.
24
the donkey
esh op the donkeys the shops
& that
this
There are three 'distance words' whether something or someone
you
(that) or
even further away
in
in is
Spanish, depending on close
(this),
away from
time or distance (that over
there).
masculine
singular
plural
close
esre (this)
esfos (these)
away
ese (that)
esos (those)
away
aquei
aquellos
(that over there)
(those over there)
close
esta (this)
estas (these)
away
esa (that)
esas (those)
further
further
away
aquella
aquellas
(that over there)
(those over there)
See also pointing something out.
word order Sentences
in
Mexican Spanish have
a basic
word order of
subject-verb-object, just as English does. I
study business.
yo es-roodyo komersyo
Yo estudio comerdo. (lit:
I
study-l business)
However, the subject pronoun comer do' is enough.
is
generally omitted: 'Estudio
25
yes/no questions It's
not impolite to answer questions with a simple
(no) in Mexico. There's
no way to say 'Yes
it
si (yes)
or
no
is/does', or 'No,
it
isn't/doesn't', as in English.
See also questions.
you Mexicans use two different words for 'you'. When talking to someone familiar to you or younger than you, it's usual to use the informal form tu, too, rather than the polite form usted, oos-ted. The polite form should be used when you're meeting someone for the first time, talking to someone much older than you or when you're in a formal situation (eg, when talking to the police, customs officers etc). In this phrasebook we have often chosen the appropriate form for the situation, so you don't have to think twice about whether you are being polite enough. If both forms could be handy we give you the polite option first, followed by the informal option. For example: Did you
like it?
lLe/Te gusto? pol/inf
le/te goos-ro
Mexcio you use the word ustedes when you mean whether or not it's a formal situation. This is different to the Spanish spoken in Spain where you would distinguish between formal speech {ustedes) and informal speech Note that
in
'you' plural -
{vosotros/as m/f).
26
1
langua ge difficulties dificultades con el idioma
Do you speak (English)? lHabla/Hablas
(ingles)? pol/inf
Does anyone speak lHay alguien que
a-bla/a-blas (een-g/es)
(English)? ai
hable (ingles)?
a/-gyen ke
i
a-ble (een-g/es)
Do you understand? iMe entiende/entiendes? pol/inf 1
understand.
1
don't understand.
en-ryen-do
Entiendo.
No entiendo. 1
me en-fyen-de/en-ryen-des
no en-fyen-do
speak (Spanish). Hablo (espahol).
a-blo (es-pa-nyo/)
^^^^BEIMBEl &z^^ 1
1
don't speak (Spanish). No hablo (espanol).
no a-blo
speak a little (Spanish). Hablo un poquito
a-blo
speak
oon
po-/cee-to
(de es-pa-nyo/)
(de espanol). 1
(es-pa-nyo/)
(English).
Hablo
a-blo (een-g/es)
(ingles).
How do you pronounce this? iComo se pronuncia esto?
How do you
/co-mo se pro-noon-sya es-to
write 'ciudad'l
iComo se escribe
/co-mo se se es-kree-be
'ciudad'?
syoo-dad
What does
'guey'
iQue signiftca
mean?
'guey'
?
ke seeg-nee-fee-ka
gway
.
Could you
iPuede...,
pwe-de
please
por favor?
por fa-vor
...?
.
.
repeat that
repertirlo
repe-reer-lo
speak more
hablarmds
a-blar
slowly write it down
despacio
des-pa-syo
escribirlo
es-kree-beer-lo
mas
false friends
Beware of English
them
false friends
words but have
in
- words which look, and sound, a different
meaning
like
altogether. Using
the wrong context could confuse, or even
amuse
locals.
eenfc/iooreea
injuria
not
'injury'
which
is
paryentes
parientes
not 'parents' which
not
is
'exit'
which
is
embarazada
relatives
padres, pa-dres
ek see-to
exito
insult
herida, eree-da
salida,
embarasada
not 'embarrassed' which
success
sa/eeda
is
pregnant.
avergonzado/a m/f
aver-gonsa-do/a Spanish
visitors to
Mexico frequently embarrass them-
which in Spain means Mexico means'to fuck'.
selves by using the verb coger take' or 'to catch' but in
28
'to
numbers & amounts los
cardinal
numeros &
cantidades
numbers los
1
las
numeros cardinales
cero
se-ro
uno
oo- no
2 3
dos
dos
tres
tres
4 5
cuatro cinco
6
seis
kwQ-lxo seen-ko says
7
siete
sye-te
8 9 10
ocho nueve
o-cho
11
once doce
on-se
trece
tre-se
catorce
dieciocho
ka- torse keen-se dye-see-says dye-see-sye-te dye-see-o-cho
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
diez
quince dieciseis
diecisiete
nwe-ve dyes
dose
died nueve
dye-see-rwe-ve
20
veinte
21
veintiuno veintidos
vayn-Xe vayn-tee-oo-no
22 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 200 1,000 2,000 1,000,000
vayn-tee-c/os
treinta
trayn -ta
cuarenta cincuenta sesenta
seerv/cwen-ta
setenta
se-ren-ta
ochenta noventa
o-chen-ta
cien
syen do-syen-tos
doscientos mil dos mil
un mi lion
kwa-ren-ta
sesen-ta
noven-ta
meet dos meel
oon mee/yon
,
|
numbers
ordinal
los
numeros ordinales
1st
primero/a m/f
2nd
segundo/a m/f
se-goon-do/a
3rd
tercero/a m/f
ter-se-ro/a
4th 5th
cuarto/a m/f
kwar-to/a
qu into/a m/f
keen-Xo/a
un cuarto un tercio un medio
oon kwarto oon ter-syo oon me-dyo/a
pree-me-ro/a
fractions lasfracciones a quarter a third a half
three-quarters
tres
tres kwar-tos
cuartos
all
(of
it)
todo/a m/f sg
all
(of
them)
todos/as m/f pi
ro-dos/ro-das
nada
na-da
none
useful
ro-do/ro-da
amounts cantidades utiles
How much? How many? Please give
•1 Bsl 30
iCuanto/a? m/f lCuantos/as? m/ fpl
me
..
.
Por favor,
deme
porfa-\/orde-me
un poco
(just) a little
(solo)
some much many
algunos/as m/f
less
menos mas
more
fso-lo)
m
al-goo-nos/as
fpl
moo-cho/a moo-chos/as me-nos
mas
...
oon po-ko
pi
mucho/a m/f muchos/as
kwan-to/kwan-xa kwan-ios/ kwan tas
'
& dates
time la
telling the
hora
& la fecha
time dando la hora
When
telling
las
followed by a number. The exceptions are Es
...
one
the time
o'clock), Es
Mexico
in
mediodia
(It's
is
'It
...'
is
expressed by Son
una
(It's
midday) and Es medianoche
(It's
la
midnight).
What time
is it?
It's
one
It's
(ten) o'clock.
o'clock.
{Que hora
es?
ke o-ra es
Es la una.
es
Son
son
las (diez).
una
4
oo-na
la
las
(dyes)
oo-na
Quarter past one.
Es la
y cuarto. Es la una
ee kwar-to
Twenty past one.
yveinte.
ee vayn-te
Half past (eight).
Son
son
Twenty to
y media. Son veintepara
Quarter to
(eight).
(eight).
es
es
las (ocho)
la
oo-na
la
las (o-cho)
ee me-dya
son vayn-te pa-ra
las (ocho).
las (o-cho)
Son cuarto para
son kwar-to pa-ra
las (ocho).
las (o-cho)
in
the morning/am
de la mahana
de
la
ma-nya-na
in
the afternoon/pm
de
la
tarde
de
la
far-de
in
the evening/pm
de
la
noche
de
la
no-che
at
night/pm
de
la
noche
de
la
no-che
a
keora
a
la
At what time...?
lA que hora
At one.
A
la
At (eight).
A
las (ocho).
a las (o-cho)
At (4.40 pm).
A
las (cuatro
a las {kwa-\.ro
una.
...?
...
oo-na
ycuarenta
ee kwa-ren-ta
de
de
la tarde).
la
tarde)
31
days of the week los dias
Monday
de
la
lunes
/oo-nes
Tuesday
martes
martes
Wednesday
miercoles
myer- koles
Thursday
jueves
khwe-ves
Friday
vi ernes
vyer-nes
Saturday
sdbado
sa-ba-do
Sunday
domingo
do-meen-go
semana
the calendar el
calendario
months January February
enero
e-ne-ro
febrero
fe-bre-ro
March
marzo
mar-so
April
abril
a- 6 reel
May
mayo
ma-yo
June
junio
khoo-nyo
July
julio
khoo-\yo
August September October
agosto
a-gos-to
septiembre
diciembre
sep-tyem-bre okroo-bre no-vyem-bre dee-syem-bre
iQuedia? iQue di'a es hoy?
ke dee-a es oy
Es
es
November December
octubre
noviembre
dates What date? What' today's
ke dee-a
date? It's
(17 November).
(el
diecisiete
de noviembre). 32
(el
dye-see-sye-te
de no-vyem-bre)
.
.
seasons summer
verano otoho
ve-ra-no
invierno
een-vyer-no
primavera
pree-ma-ve-ra
ahora
a-o-ra
ahorita
a-o-ree-ta
afternoon
esta tarde
es-ta tar-de
morning
esta
es-ta
ma-nya-na
month week
mes esta semana este aho
es-te
mes
today
hoy
oy
tonight
esta
autumn winter spring
o-ro-nyo
present el
now right
now
presente
this...
mahana
este
year
noche
es-ta se-mc7-na
es-te
es-ta
a-nyo
noche
past el
(three days)
day before
ago
hace
(tres dias)
pasado
a-se (tres c/ee-as)
antier
an-fyer
mes pasado anoche la semana pasada el aho pasado
el
since (May) yesterday
desde (mayo)
des-de (ma-yo)
ayer
a-yer
yesterday ... afternoon evening
ayer en en en
yesterday last...
month night
week year
morning
el
.
mes pa-sa-do a-no-che la
el
se-ma-na pa-sa-da a-nyo pa-sa-do
a-yer
.
la
tarde
la
noche
la
mahana
en en en
4^1
?i
•^B .
.
la
tarde
la
noche
la
ma-nya-na
rfl
33
a
future el
day
after
days
in (six)
next
tomorrow
futuro
pasado manana
pasado manya-na
en
en
dias
(seis)
(says)
deeas
...
month week
el
mes que
la
proximo
semana el aho que
year
tomorrow
el
viene
proksee-ma se-mona el a-nyo ke wyene
...
vye-ne
la
manana
tomorrow
mes ke
viene
manana en
ma-nyana la
...
manya-na en
afternoon evening
tarde
tar-de
noche
morning
manana
no-che ma-nyo-na
until (June)
It's
as-ta {khoo-nyo)
hasta (junio)
manana, manana
la ...
...
worth remembering that the word manana means
la manana means 'morning'. More rarely, manana can mean 'later on' (especially in bureaucratic situations). Also, madrugada can mean 'daybreak' or 'the
'tomorrow', but
small hours of the morning',
depending on the context.
during the day durante el dia afternoon
tarde
dawn
madrugada diam
day evening morning
34
rar-de
\
1
madroogada dee-
manana f
noche ma-nyana no-che
noche*
night
noche
sunrise
amanecerm
a-ma-ne-ser
sunset
puesta f del sol
pwesta
f
del sol
money dinero
How much
is it?
kwan-to kwes-ta
iCuanto cuesta?
How much
is
this?
kwan-Xo kwes-ta es-to
iCuanto cuesta esto? It's
free.
es gra •tees
Es gratis. It's
(10) pesos.
Cuesta
kwes-ta (dyes) pe-sos
(diez) pesos.
Can you write down the iPuede
price?
pwe-de es-kree-beer el pre-syo
escribir el precio?
Do you change money
here?
iSe cambia dinero aqui?
Do you accept
...?
credit cards
se
lAceptan
kam-bya dee-ne-ro a-kee
...?
tarjetas
de
tarjetas
de
cheques I'd like
to...
de
tar-khe-tas
de
de-beeto
debito travellers
...
tar-khe-tas
kre-dee-to
credito
debit cards
a-sep-tan
de
cheques de
che-kes
viajero
vya-Me-ro
Me gustaria ...
me goos-taree-a
...
cash a cheque
cobrar un cheque
ko-brar
change money change a
cambiar dinero cambiar un cheque de
kam-byar dee-ne-ro che-ke de
viajero
vya-khe-ro
sacar dinero
sa-kar dee-ne-ro
travellers
cheque withdraw money What's the...?
commission exchange rate
iCuales...?
lacomision el tipo
de cambio
oon che-ke
kam-byar oon
kwal es
...
la
ko-mee-syon
el
reepo de kam-byo
£9
tf 35
o
What's the charge for that? iCuanto hay que pagor poreso?
Do need
kwan-to pore-so
ai
ke pa-gar
to pay upfront?
I
I Necesito
pagor por
ne-se-see-to pa-gar por
adelantado?
a-de-lan-ra-do
I'd like...,
Quisiera
...,
kee-sye-ra
please,
por favor. un recibo
por fa-vor
a receipt
my change my money
que me devuelva el
have already paid for Ya pague esto.
There's a mistake
Hay un I
in
me
ke
diner
el
de-wve/-va
dee-ne-ro
this.
page
ya
the
es-to
bill.
error en la cuenta.
don't want to pay the
ai
oon e-roren
la
kwen-ta
full price.
No quiero pagar el
re-see-bo
mee kam-byo
micambio
back I
oon
...
no
precio total.
el
Where's the nearest automatic iDonde esta el cajero automatico mas cercano?
kye-xo pa-gar
pre-syo to-tal
teller
machine?
don-de es-ta el ka-khe-ro ow-to-ma-tee-ko mas ser-ka-no
pieces of eight During the colonial
era,
the imperial currency circulated
Mexico was a silver coin known as the Ocho Reales (lit: eight royals) although in common usage it was referred to by its present name, the peso (lit: weight). Since the end of the 15th century, Mexico began to lead the world in the production of silver, and the Ocho Reales was traded all over the globe. In English-speaking countries it earned the name 'pieces of eight', in Holland the Reaal van Achten, and in Italy, the colonnato (lit: with-columns) alluding to the pillars of Hercules stamped on the coin. The Egyptians mistook these pillars for cannons and gave it the name abu madia, meaning 'two cannons'. in
36
.
PRACTICAL > transport transporte i
getting around
j
desplazandose
What time does
lA que hora
a ke o-ra
the... leave?
sale el ...?
sa-leel
boat bus (city) bus (intercity)
barco
metro minibus
...
bar-ko
my on
camion
ka-
autobus metro
ow-to-boos me-tro pese-ro a-vyon
plane
pesero avion
train
tren
tren
trolleybus
trolebus
tro-le-boos
What time's the
...
lA que hora sale el ... autobus? primer ultimo
bus?
first
last
proximo
next
Can have 1
lift
in
your
iMe puede dar un aventon en su ...?
a ...?
a ke o-ra sa-le
ow-to-boos pree-mer oo/-tee-mo
el ...
pro/c-see-mo
mepwe-dedar oon a-ven-ton en soo
trailer
trailer
truck ute/pick-up
camion
ka-
pickup
pee-kop
van
camioneta
ka-myo-ne-ta
bussing
.
.
rray-ler
myon
it
bus was simply cal led a colectivo but in the 70s, small public transport vehicles (including cars and vans) came to be classified as pesero. - so called because the trip cost (}ne peso. During the '80s, the goverment began introducing new minibuses known as microbuses or just micros. While all these terms are still widely used, the general word pesero, though today a lift will cost you a lot more than one peso! Originally, a small
i
;
37
How long will
it be delayed? {Cuanto tiempo ha bra de retraso?
kwan-to tyem -po
de
When's the next flight to (Mexico City)? kwan-do iCuando sale el proximo vuelo para (Mexico)?
a- bra
re-tra-so
sa-\e el pro/c-see-mo
vwe-\o pa-ra (me-khee-ko)
Can you tell me when we get to (Puerto Vallarta)? me pwe-de a-vee-sar kwan-do iMe puede avisar cuando ye-ge-mos a {pwer-to va-yar-ta)
lleguemos a (Puerto Vallarta)? 1
want to get
off here.
jAqui me bajo! Is
akee
me bakho
this seat free?
lEsta libre este asiento?
es-ta /ee-bre
That's my seat. Esees mi asiento. listen for
mee
e-se es
este a-syen-to a-syen-to
...
es-faye-no
Esta lleno.
It's full.
kan-se-/a-do
cancelado
cancelled
re-tra-sa-do
retrasado
delayed
buying tickets comprando boletos Where can buy a 1
ticket?
don-de
un boleto?
oon bo/eto
Do need 1
Can get 1
g en I'd like (a)...
blow wave colour haircut
highlights
my beard trimmed shave trim
Quisiera
.
un secado a mano un tinte un corte de pelo unos reflejos que me recorte la barba que me afeite que me despunte el
64
.
pelo
la estetica
kee-sye-ra
...
oon seka-do a mono oon reen-te oon /corte de pelo oo-nos re-f/e-khos ke la
ke ke
me
re-/cor-te
bar-ba
me a-royte me des-poon-te
elpe-lo
Do you do
a-kee
lAqui ...? hacen
.
facials
tratamientos
tra-ta-myen-tos
faciales
fa-sya-les
manicure
hacen manicure
a-sen ma-nee-Zcyoor
massage waxing
dan masajes
dan ma-sa-khes
depilan
de-pee-lan
Don't cut
it
No me lo
too short.
Shave
it
no
corte
demasiado
me lo /corte
de-ma-syfl-do kor-xo
corto.
all off!
ra-pe-me
jRdpeme! Please use a
new
blade.
Por favor, use una
porfa-voroo-seoo-na na-va-kha nwe-va
navaja nueva. I
...
a-sen
you near me! no de-be-ree-a aber-me jNo deberia haberme
should never have
let
kor-fa-do kon oos-ted
cortado con usted! For colours, see the dictionary.
A salon de belleza is a hairdressing salon specifically for women, while a peluqueria is for men. If you need a neutral word for 'hairdresser' use estetica.
books & reading libros Is
there a/an
(English-
language)
...?
lHayalguna
..
ai
& lectura
al-goo-na
...
(con material
(kon ma-te-rya/
en ingles)?
en een-g/es)
bookshop
libreria
leebre-reea
section
seccion
seksyon 65
Do you have
book by (Rosario Castellanos)?
a
lHay algun
libro
de
ai
(Rosario Castellanos)?
aVgoon
lee-bro
de
(ro-sa-ree-o kas-te-ya-nos)
Can you recommend a book for me? me pwede re-ko-men-dar iMe puede recomendar algoon
algun libro?
Do you have Lonely I Tien e libros
de
tye- n e lee- b ro s
Lonely Planet?
de
/on-lee p/a-net
Quisiera
a...
I'd like
lee-bro
Planet guidebooks?
.
kee-sye-ra
.
...
oon deek-syo-na-ryo
dictionary
un diccionario
guidebook
una guia
oo-na gee-a
turistica
too-rees-tee-ka
una revista un mapa un periodico
oo-na re-vees-ta
(en ingles)
(en een-gles)
magazine
map newspaper English)
(in
listen for
oon ma-pa oon pe-ryo-deeko
,
no no te-ne-mos No, no tenemos.
No, we don't have any.
see te-ne-mos al-goo-nas gee-as Si,
tenemos algunas
we have some guidebooks. Yes,
guias.
music musica I'd
like...
a blank tape
a
CD
headphones I
.
kee-sye-ra
.
...
un cassette
oon
virgen
veer- kh en
un compact unos audifonos
oon kom-pakt
heard a band called (Mana). Escuche a un grupo que se llama (Mana).
66
Quisiera
ka-sef
oo-nos ow-dee-fo-nos
es-koo-cne a
oon groo-po ke
ya-ma (ma-na)
se
.
1
heard a singer called
...
oon
Escuche a un cantonte
es-koo-che a
que se llama
ke se ya-ma (/oo-ees mee-gel)
(Luis Miguel)
kan-fan-te
What's his/her best recording? kwal es soo me-khor dees-ko
iCual es su mejor disco?
Can
1
listen to this?
pwe-do es-koo-char-\o
iPuedo escucharlo?
photography fotografia 1
need
this
...
film for
camera.
Necesito un rollo .
.
.
para esta cdmara.
oon
ne-se-see-to .
.
.
ro-yo
pa-ra es-ta ka-ma-ra
APS
Advantix
ad-van-teeks
B&W
blancoy negro de color de transparencias
blan-koy.ne-gro
ASA
a-sa
colour slide
speed
(400) a 35
mm
(cuatrocientos)
(kwa-txo-syen-tos)
de
de
treinta
y
milimetros
load
iPuede...? film
my film
I'd like...
revelar este rollo
cargar la cdmara Quisiera
frayn-ta
ee
seen- ko
cinco
Can you ...? develop this
de ko-lor de trans-pa-ren-syas
.
.
.
mee-/ee-me-tros
pwe-de... re-ve-lar es-te ro-yo
kar-gar
la
kee-sye-ra
.
/ca-ma-ra
.
borders
marcos
mar-kos
double copies
dos copias
glossy
en pa pel brillante
matte panoramic
en papel mate panordmica
dos ko-pyas en pa-pel bree-yan-te en pa-pel ma-te pa-no-ra-mee-ka
67
How much
is it to develop this film? kwan-to kwes-ta iCuanto cuesto revelar
re-ve-lar
es-te ro-yo
este rollo?
When
will it be ready? iCudndo estard listo?
I
kwon-do
need passport photos taken. Necesito fotos tamaho
ne-se-see-to fb-tos ta-ma-nyo
pasaporte. I'm (not)
I
es-ta-ra lees-to
pa-sa-por-te
happy with these photos.
(No) Estoy satisfecho/a con
(no) es-foy sa-tee-fe-cho/a
estas fotos. m/f
es-tas fb-tos
don't want to pay the
full price.
No quiero pagar el precio
no
total.
to-tal
For
kye-ro pa-gar
more photographic equipment, see the
What
is
tipico
a-le-bree-khes
carvings of mythical creatures, crafted mainly
m
a-ma-te
decorated bark paper produced
hamacasip\ hammocks, huaraches
m pi
m pi
traditional tunics
jipijapas
m pi pi
central
Mexico
or nylon
wa-raches all
over Mexico
weepeeles worn mostly
in
the south
khee-pee-Zcba-pas
Panama-style hats sold pihatas f
in
amakas usually made of cotton
leather sandals available huipiles
dictionary.
\are-khyon
m pi
alebrijes
wood
pre-syo
ke es tee-pee-ko de
de
region?
amate
el
typical of the region?
iQue es la
kon
in
Merida and Campeche
peenyotas
traditional festive dolls filled with
candy
in
Oaxaca
.
.
communications las
comunicaciones
post office el 1
want
to send a
.
Quisieraenvior
correo
keesyera envyar
...
fax
un fax
oon
letter
una carta
oo- na /carta
money order
un giro un paquete
oon kheero oon pa/cete
parcel
una postal
postcard 1
..
want
to
buy
...
an envelope stamps
Quisiera
...
faks
oo-na postal
comprar
.
un sobre unos timbres
.
kee-syera kom-prar
.
.
oon sobre oonos teembres
up
tile
airmail
correo n aereo
customs
declaration
declaration
de
aduana
domestic
national
express mail
correo
fragile
fragil
glue
pegamento
international
international
mailbox postcode
codigo
registered mail
correo
m
ko-re-o aere-o deklarasyon de a-dwana
na-syonal expreso
ko-re-o ek-spre-so fro^ kneel
m
buzon m postal
m
pe-ga-men-to
eenternasyona/ booson /co-dee-go postal ko-re-o
certificado
serteefee/cado
regular mail
correo
ko-re-o
sea mail
via
ordinario
maritima
ordeenoryo
veea mareeteema 69
a
donde
lo
en -vee-a
lA donde lo kye-re
lo
lLo quiere
Where are you sending
envfa?
mandar por
it?
ko-re-o ser-tee-fee-/ca-do
mandar por
Would you
correo certificado?
it
like to send by registered post?
por ko-re-o ek-spre-so o or-dee-ncz-ryo l?or correo expreso o
Express post or
ordinario?
regular post?
Please send
It
it
by air/regular mail to (France).
Por favor, mdndelo por via
por fa-vor man-de-\o por vee-a
aerea/terrestre a (Francia).
a-e-re-a/te-res-tre a {fran-sya)
contains Contiene
... .
kon-rye-ne
.
.
.
phone el
What's your phone number? iCual es su numero de
kwal es soo noo-me-ro de
te/efono
telefono?
Where's the nearest public phone? don-de iDonde hay un telefono
want to make
I
70
(los
want
Estados Unidos).
to
oon
te-/e-fo-no
a call to (the USA).
Quiero hacer una llamada a
ai
poo-blee-ko
publico? I
telefono
make a
kye-xo a-ser oo-na ya-ma-da
a (los es-ta-dos oo-nee-dos)
reverse charge/collect
call
to (Singapore).
Quiero hacer una llamada
kye-xo a-ser oo-na ya-ma-da
por cobrar a (Singapur).
por ko-brar a (seen-ga-poor)
.
I
want ... to buy
Quiero a
phone
card
.
/cye-ro
.
(three)
kom-praroo-na
tarjeto
tar-/che-ta
hablar por
minutes
How much does
...
...
compror una
te-le-fo-nee-ka
telefonica
to speak for
.
.
a-blar por (tres)
(tres)
mee-noo-tos
minutos
jCudnto cuesta
kwan-Xo kwes-Xa
...?
.
.
cost?
a (three)-
una llamada de
oo-na ya-ma-da de
minutecall each extra
minutos cad a minuto
ka-da mee-noo-to
extra
e/c-stra
minute
The number is Elnumeroes
(tres)
(tres)
...
el
...
noo-me-ro es
What's the area/country code for ...? kwal es iCual es la clave Lada de ... It's
mee-noo-tos
la
kla-ve la-da
de
...
engaged.
Estd llamando. I've
been cut
ya-man-do
es-ra
off.
me
Me colgaron.
kol-ga-ron
The connection's bad. La conexion es mala. Hello,
(when making
jHola! It's ...
la
ko-nek-syon es ma-la
a call) o-
(when introducing yourself)
Habla...
a-bla
.
there?
Is ...
es-ta
lEstd...?
Can speak to ..., please? iMecomunica
...
I
con...,
por favor?
Can leave I
a
me kon
ko-moo-nee-ka ...
porfa-vor
message?
iPuedo dejar un mensaje?
pwe-do de-khar oon men-sa-khe
71
What time I
will he/she be back? A que hora regresa? a ke
Please tell him/her called. Por favor, dile que le llame.
o-ra re-gre-sa
I
I'll
back (later). Llamore (mas tarde).
por fa-vor dee\e ke
le
ya-me
call
What time should
I
ya-ma-re (mas far-de)
call?
[A que hora deberia llamar? a ke o-ra de-be-ree-a ya-mar
My number
is ...
Mi numeroes I
...
mee noo-me-roes
...
don't have a contact number.
No tengo
telefono.
listen for
no ten-go
te-/e-fo-no
.
fcwe-no
iBueno?
de por-te de kyen iDe parte dequien?
Hello! (answering a call)
Who's
calling?
kon kyen kyere ablar
iCon quien
Who do you want to
quiere hablar?
speak to?
aoreeta no es-ro Ahorita no esta.
I'm sorry, he's/she's not here.
see akee esta Si,
aquiesta.
no pwedo o-eerte No puedo oirte.
Yes, he's/she's here.
I
can't hear you.
oon mo-mento Un momento. fye-ne el
Tiene
One moment. noomero ekee-vo-/co-do
el
numero
equivocado.
72
Sorry,
wrong number.
.
mobile/cell
phone ef
a/an ... adaptor plug charger for
Quisiera
I'd like
my phone mobile/cell
phone
for hire
prepaid mobile/ cell
phone
SIM card for your network
What
.
telefono celular
keesye-ra
.
...
un adaptador un cargador para
oon adaptador oon ka r-ga dor para
mi telefono
mee te-/e-fo-no
rentarun
ren-taroon
celular
se-\oo-lar
un celular con
oon
tarjetas
tar-khe-tas
prepagadas una tarjeta SIM para su red
oo-na Xar-khe-Xa
se-loo-/ar
kon
pre-pa-ga-das
seem
pa-ra soo red
are the rates? kwa-\ ?s son las ta-ree-fas
iCudies son las tarifas?
(Two pesos) per
(30) seconds.
(Dos pesos) por (treinta)
(dospe-sos) por (trayn-ta)
segundos.
se-goon-dos
the internet el
Where's the local Internet cafe? [Donde hay un cafe Internet por aquf? I'd like
to
...
get Internet access check my email
use a scanner
a\
oon
ka-fe
een-ter-nerpor a-kee Quisiera
.
.
kee-syera
...
usarel
oo-sarel
Internet
een-ternef
revisar
re-veesar
mi correo usaruna
mee koreo elekfroneeko oosor oo-na
impresora
eempresora
electronico
use a printer
don-de
internet
usarun
oo-saroon
escaner
es-kaner 73
How much per
iCuanto cuesta por ...?
...?
CD (five)
minutes
hour
page
Do you have
...?
kwan-to kwes-ta por ...
compact
/com-pakt
(cinco)
(seen-ko)
minutos hora pdgina
o-ra
iTiene
mee-noo-tos pa-khee-na fye-ne
...?
...
Macs
Macs
PCs
PCs
pe-ses
a Zip
una unidad
oo-na oo-nee-dad
de Zip
de seep
drive
How do
I
log on?
iComo entro al sistema?
How do
I
maks
/co-mo en-tro
al
sees-re-ma
log off?
iComo salgo del sistema?
/co-mo sc?/-go del sees-re-ma
Can you help me change to Engl ish-language preference? me pwe-de ayoo-dar a iMe puede ayudar a cambiar la preferencia
kam-byarla pre-fe-ren-sya
al ingles?
al
Can burn a CD? iPuedo quemar un compact?
een-g/es
I
I
need help with the computer Necesito ayuda con la computadora.
pvve-do
ke-nwoon /compakt
ne-se-see-to a-yoo-da
kon
kom-poo-ta-do-ra
This (computer) isn't working. Esta (computadora)
es-ta (kom-poo-ta-do-ra)
no funciona.
no foon-syo-na
It's
crashed.
Se trabo.
setra-bo
I've finished.
Ya termine. For
74
ya ter-mee-ne
more computer-related terms, see the
dictionary.
la
.
.
banking banca
Where can I'd like
I
iDonde puedo
...i
Me gustaria
to...
arranged transfer
cash a cheque
change
a
travellers
cheque
change money get a cash
advance use internet banking
withdraw money
don-de pwe-do
...?
...
me goos-taree-a
.
.
hacer una
a-seroo-na
transferencia
trans-fe-ren-sya
cambiarun cheque cam bia r un
che-ke
.
kam-byar oon
kam-byaroon de vya-khe-xo
cheque de viajero cambiardinero obtener un
che-ke
adelanto usar la banca por Internet sacar dinero
a-de-/cm-to
iDonde estd
Where's the nearest
.
kanrvbyardee-ne-ro
ob-te-neroon oo-sar
la
ban-ka
poreen-ter-net sa-/cardee-ne-ro
...?
don-de es-ta
.
...?
automatic
teller
el
machine
cajero
el
automdtico mas cercano la casa de cambio mas cercana
foreign exchange office
ka-khe-ro
ow-to-ma-tee-ko
mas
ser-/ca-no
de kam-byo la
ka-sa
mas
ser-ka-na
What time does the bank open? lA que hora abre
The automatic
banco?
mi
forgotten
Se I
my
my card.
ka-khe-ro ow-to-ma-tee-ko
se tra-go
mee tar/cbe-ta
PIN.
me olvido mi NIP. my credit card
Can use
el
tarjeta.
ban-ko
a ke o-ra a-bre el
machine took
cajero automatico
El
se trago I've
el
teller
se
to
me
ol-vee-do
mee neep
withdraw money?
{Puedo usar mi tarjeta de credito para sacar dinero?
pwe-do oo-sar mee tar-khe-ta de kre-dee-Xo para sakar dee-nero 75
What's the exchange rate? iCual es el tipo de cambio?
feepo de
kwal es
el
kwal es
la
kambyo
What's the commission? iCudl es
la
comision?
What's the charge for that? iCuanto hay que pagarpor eso? kwan-to
Can have smaller notes? iMe lo puede dar en billetes mas pequehos?
komeesyon
ai
ke pagar por eso
I
Has I
me lopwe-dedaren beeyetes mas pe/cenyos
my money arrived yet? Ya I lego mi dinero?
How long will
it
mee deenero
ya ye-go
take to arrive?
iCuanto tiempo tarda rd
kwan-to tyem-po tar-da-ra
en llegar?
en yegar
Where do
I
sign?
iDondefirmo?
don-de
For other useful phrases, see
listen for ai
fee
money, page
-mo
35.
.
oon pro-b/ema kon soo kwenta Hay un problema con There's
a
problem
with your account.
su cuenta. fee r -me a-kee
Sign here.
Firme aquf.
no
podemos a-ser eso
We can't do that.
No podemos hacer eso. pvve-de es-kree-beer-lo I
Puede
Can you write
escribirlo?
it
down?
sooeeden-teefee-ka-syon/pasaporte Your ID/ passport. Su identificacion/pasaporte. en
En
...
dee-as a-beeles (dos)
76
sema-nas
In
...
...
(cinco
(five)
dfas hdbiles
working days
(dos)
semanas
(two)
weeks
.
.
.
a
.
sightseeing visitas turisticas
I'd like
a/an
. .
Quisiera
.
audio set catalogue guide (person)
guidebook
in
English
(local)
map
.
kee-sye-ra
.
.
.
una audioguia un catdlogo ungufa unaguia
oo-na ow-dyo-gee-a
turisticaen
too-rees-tee-ka en
ingles
een-gles
unmapa
oon mo-pa
oon oon
ka-fa-lo-go
gee-a
oo-na gee-a
(de la zona)
(de
la
so-na)
Do you have
iTiene information
rye-ne ee n-for-m -syon
information on
sobre
so-bre
...sights?
atracciones
a-trak-syo-nes
...
.
.
cultural
culturales
kool-too-ra-les
local
locales
lo/cales
religious
religiosas
re-\ee-khyo-sas
unique
unicas
oo-nee-kas
I'd like
to see
r^
...
Me gustarfa ver ...
me goos-ta-ree-a
ver
.
.
What's that? ke es e-so
iQue es eso?
Who made iQuien
How old
it?
lo hizo?
kyen
lo ee-so
is it?
iDecudndoes?
de kwan-do es
Could you take a photograph of me? me pwe-de to-mar oo-na iMe puede tomar una foto?
vu 3fo-lo lift
Can take
photograph (of you)? pwedo iPuedo tomar (le) una foto? 1
I'll
a
to-rrw(le) oo-na fo-to
send you the photograph. Le
mandare la
foto.
(D d>
3* VU
le
man-da-re
la
fo-to
77
getting in la
What time does
lA que hora abren/cierran?
a ke o-ra a-bren/sye-ran
What's the admission charge? iCuanto cuesta la entrada? It
kwan-to kwes?ta
la
entra-da
costs (20 pesos). kwes-ia {vayn-le pesos)
Cuesta (veinte pesos). Is
entrada
open/close?
it
there a
I
discount for
Hay descuento
para
...?
children
ai
des-kwen-lo
pa-xa
...?
...
nee-nyos
ninos
families
familias
fa-mee-lyas
groups
grupos
groo-pos
pensioners
jubilados
khoo-bee-/odos
students
estudiantes
es-too-dyan-tes
navel of the
moon
The mysterious
origins of the
word Mexico have long been
the subject of debate.
One of the most popular theories is that Mexico literally means 'navel of the moon' in the indigenous Nahuatl language, derived from meztli (moon) and associates the plant). In
the
1
name 5th and
xictli (navel).
Another theory
with the Nahuatl word metl (maguey 1
6th centuries
some clerics tried
vainly
(Messiah).
between Mexico and the Hebrew word Mesi Other theories include 'place of springs' and 'that
which
by an obsidian arrow'.
to establish a link
In
kills
1998, a 'Round Table on the True
Mexico' was convened
in
Meaning of the Word
an attempt to
lay the issue to rest
The panel agreed unanimously that the Aztecs who founded Mexico City called themselves mexitin (Mexicans) in honour of their leader Mexitli, known affectionately as 'Mexi'. Add the Nahuatl suffix -co (place of) and you get Mexico: 'Place of the Mexicans'. once and
78
for
all.
tours excursiones Can you
remmmend recommend
a
iPuede recomendar pwe-de re-ko-men-dar nlnun ...? Pi\-nnnn al-goon algun
..?
.
boat-trip
paseo en lancha
pa-se-o
tour
tour
toor
When'sthe
excursion Is ...
kwan-do es
iCuandoesIa proximo ...? excursion de un dia
next ...? daytrip
la
pro/c-see-ma
...
ek-skoor-syon de
oon
dee-a
ek-skoor-syon
excursion
included?
en lan-cha
een-/c/oo-ye
ilncluye...?
...
accomr nmodation
alojamiento
food
comida
ko-mee-da
transport
transporte
trans-por-te
Do need I
to take
iNecesito llevar
...
with
me?
...?
Can we hire a guide? iPodemos contratar
ne-se-see-to ye-var
will
...
po-de-mos kon-tra-tar
oon
un guia?
The guide
a-lo-kha-myen-to
gee-a
pay.
guia va o pogar.
el
gee-a va a pa-gar
The guide has paid. El guia ya pa go.
el
gee-a ya pa-go
El
How
long
is
the tour?
iCuanto dura
el
tour?
kwan-to doo-xa
el
toor
What time should be back? I
lA que hora tengo que regresar? a ke o-ra ten-go ke re-gre-sar
Be back here at Regrese a I'm with
(five o'clock).
re-gre-se a (las seen-ko)
(las cinco).
them.
Estoyconellos. I've lost
es-toy
kon e-yos
my group.
He perdido a mi grupo.
e per-dee-do a
mee groo-po
local talk
What's (Aguascalientes)
like?
iComoes
/co-mo es
(Aguascalientes)?
(a-gwas-ka-/yen-tes)
been to (Zacatecas). He estado en (Zacatecas).
e es-ra-do en (sa-ka-re-kas)
I've
There's (not)
...
(No) Hay...
...
oon bwen
restaurant/
restaurante/
res-tow-ran-te/
hotel
hotel
ore/
a lot to see
mucho que ver
moo-cho ke ver
fabulous
una muy buena vida
oo-na
nightlife
lots of culture
There are (no) (No)
rip-off
noktoor-na
mucha
moo-cha
cultura
kooltoo-ra
merchants.
Hay estafadores.
(no)
ai
es-ta-fa-do-res
tourists. (no) ai de-ma-sya-dos too-rees-tas
turistas.
The best time to go
mooy bwena vee-da
nocturna
There are (not) too many (No) Hay demasiados
is
(December). me-khor e-po-ka
La mejor epoca
la
para
pa-ra eer es (en
ir
es (en
diciembre).
80
(no)ai
un buen
a great
dee-syem-bre)
.
business los
I'm attending a/an ... conference course
Estoy asistiendo
es-toy a-sees-tyen-do
a
a
...
oo-na ek-see-bee-syon oo-na re-oo-nyon
exhibicion
una reunion una feria de
meeting fair
I'm with
oo-na fe-rya de ne-go-syos oo-na kon-ven-syon
negocios una convencion
convention
Estoy con
...
.
...
oon kon-gre-so oon koor-so
un congreso un curso una
exhibition
trade
negocios
es-roy
.
kon
...
my company my colleague(s)
mi compahfa
mee
mi(s) colega(s)
mee(s) ko-/e-ga(s)
(two) others
(dos)
mas
kom-pa-nyee-a
(dos)
mas
I'm alone.
Estoy solo/a. m/f
es-toy so-lo/a
I'm staying at (the Hotel Juarez),
Me estoy alojando en (el
Hotel Juarez),
room
(90).
me es-toy a-lo-khan-do en (el o-tel
habitacion (noventa).
khwa-res)
a-bee-ta-syon (no-ven-ta)
I'm here for (two) days/weeks.
Voy a estar (dos) dias/ semanas.
my business card. Aqui tiene mi tarjeta de presentation.
voy
a es-tar (dos) dee-as/
se-ma-nas
Here's
Let
I
me
introduce
a-kee tye-ne
mee tar-khe-ta
de pre-sen-ta-syon
my colleague.
Le/Te presento
le/te
amicolega.
a
pol/inf
pre-sento
mee
ko-/e-ga
have an appointment with (Mr Alberto Estavillo). Tengo una cita con ten-go oo-na seeta kon (Senor Alberto Estavillo).
(senyor
al
ber-to es-ta-vee-yo)
81
That went very well. Estuvo muy bien.
we go
esroovo mooy byen
meal? I Vamos a tomar/comer algo?
va-
on me. Yo invito.
yo een-vee-to
Shall
for a drink
mos a lo-marfYo-mer al-go
Its
Where's the
iDonde es...?
...?
business centre
conference
meeting I
need
to
el sen-tro
conferencias
kon-fe-ren-syas
elcongreso la reunion
el
\e:es
...
connection to the Net an interpreter a
make
de
elcentrode
la
kon-gre so re-oo-nyon
ne-se-seetc
::
una conexion
oo-na ko-nek-syon
a Internet
a een-ter-net
un interprete
oon
':::::: z
fo-to-ko-pyar
r
een-rer-pre-te
photocopies
some space
es-po-syo
instalarme enviar un correo
een-sta-tor-me
email
electronico
to
up to send an
enviar un fax
to use a
usaruna computadora
computer expecting
call
fax
a
..,
Estoyesperando
una llamada un fax
ervvyoroon ko-reo e-lektro-nee-ko en-vyar oon faks
to send a fax
I'm
para
espaciopara
set
. . .
oo-sar oo-na
kompoo-ta-do-ra es-foy espe-ran-do
.
oo-na ya-ma-da
oon
faks
For equipment you might need at a conference, see the dictionary.
business etiquette 7e> : = "5 " = .= a *' e^c izz-ZcZ" :: r: "z z~s -ess ~~z maintaining good relationships with business partners is given the highest priority. Responding to requests with a flat 'no' and throwing documents on the table during a meeting is considered to be highly aggressive business behaviour. .
82
disabled travellers viajeros discapacitados
|
1
have a
disability.
soy dees-ka-pa-seefa-do/a
Soy discapacitado/a. m/f 1
need assistance. ne-se-see-to a-sees-ren-sya
Necesito asistencia.
What
services
do you have
iQue servicios
for
tienen para
discapacitados? 1
have a hearing
people with
a disability?
ke servee-syos fye-nen pa-ra dees-ka-pa-see-fa-dos
aid.
oon apa-ra-to para
Llevo un aparato para
ye-vo
sordera.
sor-c/e-ra
I'm deaf.
Soysordo/a. m/f
soy sor-do/a
Are guide dogs permitted? iSe permite los perros
Is
la
entrada a
quia?
there wheelchair access? lHay acceso para la si Ha de rued as? is
iQue' tan
there a 1
la
en-fra-da a
los pe-ros gee-a
ai
akse-so pa-ra
la
see-ya
de
rwe-das
How wide Is
se per/nee-te
the entrance? es la entrada?
ancha
ke tan an-cha es
la
en-fra-da
lift?
Hay elevador?
ai
eleva-dor 83
How many steps are there? iCuantos escalones hay? Is
there
somewhere can I
kwan-tos es-ka-/o-nes
(Hay algun lugar donde me
ai
puedasentar?
pwe-da sen-far
Could you call me a disabled iMe puede llamar un taxi
the disabled Braille library
pa-ra dees-ka-pa-see-ra-dos this street?
me pwe-de a-yoo-dar a kroo-sar
acceso
m para
discapacitados bibiioteca
perro
ka-ye
dees-ka-pa-see-ra-dos
6ra/'-le
m guia
persona
la
ak-se-so pa-ra
bee-blyo-re-ka
f
Braille
guide dog person with
donde me
me pwe-de ya-mar oon tak-see
calle?
access for
al-goon loo-gar
please?
taxi,
para discapacitados?
Could you help me cross iMe puede ayudar a cruzar la
ai
down?
sit
pe-ro gee-a per-so-na
f
discapacitada
deeska-pa-see-ta-da
ramps
ram pas f
ram-pas
space (to move around) wheelchair
espacio
a disability
pi
m
es-pa-syo
(para desplazarse) silla
f
de ruedas
(pa-ra des-pla-sar-se)
see-ya
de
rive-das
X marks the spot Beware of the letter x in Mexican Spanish, which can be pronounced four different ways. In words such as Mexico it's pronounced kh (as in the Scottish 'loch') and in words like expreso it's pronounced ks. In some words of indigenous origin, such as mixiotes and xcatic (types of food) it's pronounced sh, but in place names like Xochitl and Xochicalco it's spoken as an s. Don't get too confused by this - just check the coloured phonetic guides for the correct pronunciation.
See also pronunciation, page
84
12.
.
children ninos
Is
there a/an
...?
baby change
room child-minding service
menu
iHay...?
ai ...
para
una sala para
oo-na
cambiarle
kam-byar-le
el
sa-\a
el
pahalal bebe club para
pa-nyo/al be-oe
nihos
nee-nyos
kloob pa-ra
menu infantil
me-nooeen-fanree/
creche
guarderia
gwar-de-ree-a
(English-
nihera (que
nee-nye-ra (ke
hable ingles)
a-ble een-gles)
children's
speaking) babysitter
family discount
highchair
park
playground nearby theme park toyshop 1
need a ... baby seat
descuento
des-kwen-to
familiar
fa-mee-/yar
para bebe un parque juegos por aquf
see-ya pa-ra be-be
una feria una jugueterfa
oo-na
silla
Necesito
.
.
oo n par-ke khwe-gos por a-kee fe-rya
oo-na joo-ge-te-reea ne-se-see-to
...
un asiento de seguridad para bebe un asiento de seguridad para
oon
nihos
nee-nyos oo-na /coo-na
dummy
una cuna una bacinica una carreola una mamila un chupon
nappies
unos pahales
oo-nos pa-nya/-es
booster seat
crib
potty stroller
bottle
a-syen-to
de
se-goo-ree-c/ac/pa-ra
beoe oon
a-syen-to
de
se-goo-ree-dac/pa-ra
oo-na ba-see-nee-ka
oo-na ka-re-o-la oo-na ma-mee-la
oon choo-pon
85
Do you mind
if
I
breast-feed here?
lie molesta que de
el
Are children allowed? iSe admiten nihos? Is
le
mo-/es-ta ke
pecho
pecho aqui?
el
se ad-mee-ten nee-nyos
this suitable for (four)-year-old children?
apto pa-ra nee-nyos de anyos
lEs apto para nihos de
es
(cuatro) ahos?
(/ova-tro)
When's your birthday? iCuando es tu cumpleahos?
Do you go to I
Vas a
la
koomple-a-nyos
primaria o
like
iTe gusta
Do you
like
lie gusta
preemarya o
en ke grado estas
school? la
escuela?
la
es/cwela
te goos-ta el
deporte
te goos-ta
sport? el
depone?
What do you do
after school?
iQue haces despues de la
ke oses despwes de
escuela?
es/cwela
Do you
la
learn English?
lAprendes ingles? I
la
keender
are you in?
que grado estas?
Do you
vas a a
What grade I En
kwando es too
school or kindergarten?
a kinder?
come from
a-prendes eengles
very far away.
Vengo de muy lejos.
Show me how to play. Dime como sejuega.
vengo de mooy /ekhos
deeme /como
Well done!
jMuy bienl
86
de
a/cee
mooy byen
se
khwega
SOCIAL > meeting people conociendo gente
I
i
basics lo basico Yes.
SL
see
No.
No.
no
Please.
Thank you
Por fay or. (Muchas) Gracias.
(/Doo-chas) gra-syas
(very much). You're welcome.
De nada.
de no-da
Sorry, (regret)
Losiento.
lo
Sorry, (apology)
Perdon.
per-don
por fa-vor
syen-Xo
Excuse me. (regret)
perdon
Perdon.
Excuse me. (attention or apology) dees-kool-pe
Disculpe.
greetings saludos Hi.
jHola! inf
o-la
Hello.
Buen dia. Buen dia. Buenos dias. Buenas tardes.
bwen dee-a bwen dee-a bwenos dee-as
Good day. Good morning. Good afternoon. (until
bwe-nas tardes
about 7pm)
3 0)
Good evening. Good night.
Buenas noches. Buenas noches.
See you later. Goodbye. How are you?
Hasta luego.
bwe-nas noches bwe-nas noches asta lwe-go
jAdios!
adyos
iComo esta? pol iComo estas? inf iComo estan?
/co-mo es-ta
pi
3 "D ft)
/co-mo es-fas
o
/co-mo es-tan
T5
pol&inf
/n V 1
Fine, thanks.
Bien, gracias.
byen gro-syas
87
What's your name?
iComo se llama usted? pol iComote llamas? inf
My name is Me llamo I'd like
ko-mo seya-ma oo-sted /co-mote ya-mas
... .
meya-mo
.
to introduce
Lepresentoa Tepresentoa I'm pleased to
you to
...
...
...
pol
le
pre-sen-toa
...
...
inf
te pre-sen-toa
...
meet you.
Mucho gusto.
moo-cho goos-to
getting friendly
Remember
that there are
two ways of saying 'you'. When someone in a
addressing a stranger, an older person or
position of authority, use the polite form usted oos-ted.
When
talking to children or people
who
are familiar to you,
book we have used the each phrase, but where you see
use the informal form tu too.
In this
most appropriate form for pol/inf you have both options.
titles
& addressing people titulos
& maneras de dirigirse a
la
gente
and Doha (Madam) are sometimes used to address older men and women in rural areas but are rare elsewhere. Use the word Sehor to show politeness towards a man and Sehora for a woman. Unless you are talking to a very young girl avoid using Sehorita altogether, otherwise you may come across as patronising. You might also hear children address their godfather as padrino and godmother as madrina.
The terms Don
Mr young man Mrs/Ms Miss/Ms Doctor
(Sir)
Sehor
senyor
J oven
/cho-ven
Sehora
se-nyo-ra
Sehorita
senyo-ree-ta
Doctor(a) m/f
dok-for/dok-ro-ra
making conversation platicando
Do you
live
here?
iViveA/ives aqui? pol/inf
Where
vee-ve/i/ee-ves a-kee
are you going?
lA donde vo/vas? pol/inf
a
don-de va/vas
What are you doing? iQue hace/haces? pol/inf Are you waiting (for a bus)? lEsta/Estas esperando (el
autobus)? pol/inf
Can have I
ke a-se/a-ses
es-ta/es-tas es-pe-ran-do (el
ow-to-boos)
a light, please?
oon
{Tiene/Tienes un
tye-ne/fye-nes
encendedor, por favor?
en-sen-de-dor por favor
What's this called?
iComose llama
What
/co-mo seyo-ma es-to
esto?
a beautiful baby!
jQue bebe tan hermoso/a! m/f
ke be-be tan er-mo-so/a
three amigos
common word for friend is amigo/a m/f, but Mexican Spanish has an abundance of fun alternatives. You may hear people call each other mano or mana f, an abbreviation of hermano/a (brother/sister). Close male friends may call each other guey (buddy), while in the north friends sometimes address each other as batos (youngsters). Here are some other colloquial Mexican words for friend:
The most
cuate
m&f
chavo/a m/f maestro/a m/f
kwate chavo/a maestro/a
(lit:
twin)
(lit:
kid)
(lit:
master)
89
mi ... m/f hermano
is my... brother
This
Este/a es
es-te/a es
mee
child
hijo/a m/f
colleague
co leg a
friend
amigo/a m/f
a-mee-go/a
husband
esposo
esposo
partner (intimate)
pareja
m&f hermana
er-ma-na
sister
wife
ee-kho/a
m&f
ko-/e-ga
pa-re-kha
esposa
I'm here
Estoy aquf
...
for a holiday
on business to study
with with
my family my friends
with
my partner
...
erma-no
es-po-sa .
es-toya-kee
.
de vacaciones en viaje de negocios estudiando con mi familia con mis amigos/as m/f con mi pareja m&f
...
de vaka-syo-nes en vya- khe de
negosyos estoo-dyan-do kon mee fa-mee-lya kon mees
ameegos/as kon mee pa-re-kha
How long
are you here for? iCuanto t tempo va/vas a
kwan-lo tyempo va/vas a
estar aqui? pol/inf
estarakee
I'm here for
...
weeks/days.
Voy a estar semanas/dias. .
Do you
like
it
.
love
it
le/te goos-ta es-te loo-gar
here.
Me encanta este lugar. 90
a es-far...
se-mo-nas/c/ee-as
here?
lie/Te gusta este lugar? pol/inf I
voy
me
en-fcan-ta es-te loo-gar
.
local talk jOyelini
o-ye
jOigo! pot
oy-ga
Que tall Que onda?
ketal
What's up? It's/I'm OK.
Quihubo?
kyoo-bo
Esta/Estoy bien.
esta/es-toy byen
OK.
Okey.
o-kay
How cool!
jQue padre!
ke
Great!
jPadrisimo!
pa-dree-see-mo
No problem.
No hoy problema.
no
Sure.
Seguro.
se-goo-ro
Maybe.
Tal vez.
ta!
No way!
jDe ninguna
de neengoona mane-ra cheka es-to
Hey!
How's things? What's new?
ke on-da
manera!
!
Check this
out!
jCheca estol
padre ai pro-fc>/e-ma
ves
i
;
nationalities nadonalidades
!
Where
are you from? iDe donde es/eres? pol/inf
I'm
from
...
de don-de
Soy de
...
es/e-res
soy de
.
.
Australia
Australia
ow-srra-iya
Japan
Japon
kha-pon los es-fados
the
USA
los
Estados
Unidos For
more
oo-needos
countries, see the dictionary.
91
gringo lingo Are you a gringo? In Mexico the word gringo/a m/f describes person from the USA, while elsewhere in Latin America it
a
can refer to any foreigner. Americans needn't be offended by the term, which is rarely derogatory. It can be used to describe anything that has come from over the northern border, whether people, cars or films.
A popular myth is that the term originated during the war between Mexico and the USA (1846-1848). American soldiers, who wore green uniforms, were supposedly taunted with the slogan 'Green, go home!'. The most likely theory though is that gringo is derived from the Spanish griego meaning 'Greek'.
age la
How old
iCuantos ahos
...?
are you Is
Is
I'm
your son
...
.
.
He's/She's Tiene
.
.
.
.
tiene su/tu
rye-ne soo/too
hija pol/inf
eekha
tiene su/tu
tyene soo/too
hijo pol/inf
eekho
rengo
ahos. ...
...
a-nyos
years old.
fyene
ahos.
...
a-nyos
old!
de-masya-dos
jDemasiados!
younger than look. Soy masjoven de lo que
I'm
parezco.
For your age, see
92
.
tye-ne/tye-nes
years old.
Tengo
Too
tiene/tienes pcl/inf
your daughter
edad
kwan-tos a-nyos
...?
I
soy mas khoven de pa res -ko •
numbers & amounts, page
29.
lo
ke
occupations
& studies el
What's your occupation? lA que se dedica? pol lA que te dedicas? inf I'm a/an...
I
empleo &
a ke se a ke te
los estudios
de-deeka de-deekas soy...
Soy...
chef teacher
chefm&f
writer
escritor/
eskree-tor/
escritora m/f
es-kree-fo-ra
chef
maestro/a m/f
Trabajoen ... work in... communications comunicociones
tra-ba-kho en
...
ko-mooneekasyo-nes
education
education
hospitality
hotelerfa
I'm.
edoo-kasyon o-te-le-ree-a
Estoy...
es-toy...
retired
jubilado/a m/f
khoo-bee-/o-do/a
unemployed
desempleado/a m/f
des-em-ple-a-do/a
I'm self-employed.
Trabojo por mi cuenta.
What
tra-ba-kho por
mee
kwen-ta
are you studying?
iQue estudia/estudias? pol/inf I'm studying
...
Estudio...
ke es-foo-dya/es-roo-dyas
estoodyo ... ekono-mee-a
business
economia
history
historia
eesforya
languages
idiomas
eedyomas
For
more occupations and
studies, see the dictionary.
93
family la
Do you have
(children)?
iTiene/Tienes (hijos)? pol/inf 1
have (a partner). Tengo (una pareja).
Do you
1
live
fen-go (oo-na pa-re-kha)
with (your family)? vee-ve/i/ee-ves
familia)? pol/inf
famee-lya)
kon (soo/too
with (my parents).
Vivo con (mis papas).
vee-yo kon (mees pa-pas)
(my mother). Esta es (mi mama).
es-ta es
This
is
Are you married? {Esta casado/a? m/f pol lEstas casado/a? m/f inf 1
rye-ne/fye-nes (ee-khos)
iVive/Vives con (su/tu
live
familia
live
(mee ma-ma)
es-fa ka-sa-do/a
estas ka-sa-do/a
with someone. vee-yo kon a/-gyen
Vivo con alguien.
me
vU
I'm...
soy...
married separated
casado/a m/f separado/a m/f
separado/a
single
soltero/a m/f
solre-ro/a
For
94
Soy...
1
more
kinship terms, see the d ctionary.
ka-sa-do/a
.
.
farewells despedidas
Tomorrow is my last day Mahana es mi ultimo
here.
ma-nya-na es
Here's
my
...
What's your ...? (email) address
Este/a es
mi
iCudlestu
number mobile number
...
es-te/a es
you ever
(de ee-mayl)
noo-mero defaks noo-me-rode
celular
se-loo-/ar
noo-me-ro del
del
visitas
(Australia)
us
visit
me
with \
I'll
tra-oa-kho
algun dia
Si
...
you can stay
see al-goon dee-a vee-see-tas
.
(ow-stra-lya)
.
vena
ven
te
puedes quedar
conmigo
te
pwe-des ke-dar
kon-mee-go
send you copies of the photos. mandare copias te man-da-re de las fotos. de las fo-tos in
...
a
vee-see-tarnos
visitarnos
Te
Keep
.
numero rp de fax numero m de
visit
come and
.
...
dee-rek-syon
f
trabajo
(Australia)
mee
kwal estoo
(de email)
numero m
work number
m/f
...?
direccion
fax
If
mee oo/-tee-mo
c/ee-a a-kee
dia aqui.
/co-pyas
touch!
jMantente en contocto!
man-fen-te en kon-ta/c-to
been great meeting you. Ho sido un placer
a see- do
conocerte.
kono-ser-te
It's
I'm
oon
pla-ser
going to miss you!
jTe
voy a extrahar!
te
voy a ek-stra-nyar
For addresses, see also directions, page 49.
95
chicano chic Americans with identify
a Mexican background often choose to themselves as chiconos - or chiconas for women - a
label derived
from the word mexicano (formally pronounced Though originally a derogatory term, today
me-shee-/ca-no).
the word chicono denotes an
empowered Mexican-American
cultural identity.
The
rise
of chicano identity politics
a greater recognition of
in
the
Chicano Spanish as
of Mexican Spanish. Chiconos
may
USA has a
led to
unique form
use older words that
have disappeared from 'standard' Mexican and European Spanish such as semos for somos (we are), as well as new
words influenced by English such are a few common chicanoisms:
96
as cookiar (cook). Here
Chicano Spanish
'Standard'
ansina
asf
like this
dispues
despues
after
leyer
leer
read
muncho
mucho
naiden
nadie
nejecitar
necesitar
onde
donde
much/a nobody need where
English
Mexican Spanish
parkiar
estacionar
park
pos prebar
pues probar
since try
watchar
mirar
watch
lot
.
interests intereses
common interests intereses en
What do you do iQue
te
tiempo
Do you 1
in
comun
your spare time?
gusto hacer en tu
ke te goos-ta a-ser en too
libre?
tyem-po /ee-bre [Te gusto
like ...?
(No)
(don't) like...
te goos-ta
...?
Me gusto
cooking dancing
cocinor
films
el
gardening
la jar diner ia
.
(no)
.
...
me goos-ta
...
ko-see-nar
boilor
ba\-lar
cine
el
see-ne
la
khar-dee-neree-a lek-too-ra
reading
la lectura
la
socialising
hacer vida social
d-ser vee-dd so-syal
travelling
viajar
yya-khar
For
more hobbies and
sports, see sports,
page
125,
and the
dictionary.
if
In
you please Spanish,
gusta (lit:
I
(lit:
in
me
order to say you it-pleases).
If it's
like
me me gustan
something, you say
a plural
noun, use
methey-please).
like
dancing.
Me gusta bailor.
me goos-ta
bai-/ar
me goosta
esta kansyon
song.
I
like this
I
liketacos.
Me gusta esto cancion.
Me gustan los
tacos.
megoostan
los
fakos
97
music la
Do you
like to ...?
Te gusto
da^ce go to concerts listen to music
...?
musica
ta ...
bailor ir
o conciertos
escuchor
musica play an
:eeka
oon
KM un
instrument
instrumento cantor
sing
What bands do you iQuegrupos
te
gustan?
What music do you iQue musica classical
like?
te
:
postegc:
like?
gusto
music
:
moo-i-
r
clasico
electronic music
mus
:
electron ica
jazz
;::
metal
mete
pop punk merengue
musica 1 pop musica 1 punk
music
in
Spanish
moo-see-ka pop
merer que. musica en \
espahol rok
rock
R&B
rhythm and blues m
salsa
salso
traditional music
mus
3
bloos
1
c
tradicional
world music
mus
:
moos-
folklorica
go to a concert? See buying going out jt Daae cage 109. :
Yi
tickets,
page 38 and
.
you can't stop the musica From
rhythms blaring from bus stereos to wandering live salsa bands, music is absolutely everyMexico. Here are some unique styles to listen for:
latin
mariachis and
where
in
corridos
ko-ree-dos
narrative ballads influenced by polka
and waltz
styles
huapango a fast,
an-go indigenous dance-song from the Huastec region
moosee-ka tropee/ca/ musica tropical slow-paced rhythmic music of Caribbean origin including danzon (Cuba) and cumbia (Colombia) norteno en-yo country ballad and dance music from northern Mexico rancher a very cheesy country-style music
son a folk fusion of African, styles,
combining
r
an-che-ra
son Spanish and indigenous music
and voice
guitar, violin
trova
fro-va
poetic troubadour-style folk music
cinema & theatre el I
feel like
going
Tengo ganas
cine
&
el
teatro
ten-go ga-nas
deeer
comedy
ir a ver una comedia
film
pelicula
pe-/eekoola
play
obra de teatro
obra de teatro
to a
...
de
.
.
a ver oo-na
...
ko-me-dya
99
What's showing at the cinema/theatre tonight? [Que dan en el cine/teatro ke dan en el seene/teatro esta noche? esta no-che Is it
in
English/Spanish? es en een-g/es/es-pannyo/
lEs en ingles/espanoil
Does
it
have subtitles?
iTiene subtitulos?
Have you seen lHasvisto
Who's
tye-ne
as veesto
...?
kyen aktooa
stars...
Actua(n)
Did you
.
like
iTe gusto I
thought
it
.
ak-roo-a(n)
sg/pl
...
the film?
la pelicula?
was
..,
te
Pienso que fue
goosfo
...
la
pe-/ee-koola
pyenso ke fwe
excellent
excelente
OK
regular
regoo-/or
long
largo/a m/f
largo/ a
ma
very bad
1 1 si
mo/a m/f
dibujos
comedy
animados comedia
documentaries
documentales
.
.
ek-se-/ente
m pi
animated films
ma-/ee-see-mo/a
dee-boo-khos a-nee-ma-dos
komedya
m pi
do-koo-men-ta-les
drama
drama
film noir
cine
(Mexican) cinema
cine
(mexicano)
(me-khee-/co-no)
horror movies
pel cu las
pe/eekoolas de teror pe/eekoolas de syensya feeksyon
sci-fi
m
dra-ma
.
negro
i
de
f pi
terror
peliculas
f
de ciencia
pi
ficcion
m pi
short films
cortos
thrillers
peliculas
f
pi
de suspenso 100
...
in it?
iQuien actual It
soobteetoolos
...?
seene ne-gro seene
/cortos
pe/eekoolas de soospen-so
reading la
What iQue
lectura
kind of books do you read? tipo
de
ke fee-po de /ee-bros
libros lees?
Which (Mexican) author do you
ke ow-for (me-khee-/ca-no)
iQue autor (mexicano)
me re-ko-myen-das
me recomiendas? Have you read anything by I Has
le-es
recommend?
(Carlos Fuentes)?
leido a (Carlos Fuentes)?
as le-ee-do a {kar-\os fwen-tes)
Have you read {Our Word is Our Weapon)? as le-ee-do lHas leido (Nuestra arma es nuestra palabra)?
(r?ives-tra ar-vna
es nwes-tra pa-/a-bra)
novel ideas considered an important part of Mexican a very lively literary scene. Much of the activity centres on Mexico City, the location of choice for literary greats such as the Colombian emigre Gabriel Garcia Marquez. You may already be familiar with Laura Esquivel's Como aqua para chocolate {Like Water for Chocolate) which has been adapted as a film. Literature
culture
is
and the nation has
Good bookshops will stock English translations of famous modern authors such as Carlos Fuentes, Rosario Castellanos, Mariano Azuela and Nobel Prize winner Octavio Paz. Newer Mexican writers to look out for include Jorge Volpi, Pedro Angel Palou and Ignacio Padilla.
101
On
this trip I'm reading En este viaje estoy I eye n do .
I'd
...
.
recommend
en
es-te
vya-khe es-toy
le-yen-do
...
...
Te recomiendo a
...
te re-ko-myen-do a
...
Where can exchange books? I
iDonde puedo intercambiar libros?
don-de pivedo een-terkam-byar /ee-bros
body language Be aware of sending the wrong signals with your body language. In Mexico, women are expected to initiate handshakes with men, but will greet other women with a kiss on the cheek or a pat on the forearm. Conversations take place at a close physical distance and male acquaintances often hug each other when meeting. When paying for something, place the cash or credit card directly into the hand of the person you're dealing with, even if you're in a restaurant. Leaving payment on the counter can be interpreted as a sign that you don't respect the person enough to have contact with them.
102
.
feelings los sentimientos
.
& opinions & las opiniones
feelings los sentimientos Feelings are described with either nouns or adjectives: the
use 'have'
in
Spanish
(eg,
'I
nouns
have hunger') and the adjectives use
'be' (like in English).
I'm (not)
...
Are you ...? bored
(No)Estoy...
(no) es-toy
lEsta/Estds... ?po\,
es-ta/es-tas
happy
feliz
enfermo/a
I'm (not)
Are you
(No) Tengo
...
fe-/ees
m
en-fer-mo/a (no) fen-go
...
iTiene/Tienes ...? pol/inf
...?
frfo
free-o
hungry
hombre
sleepy
sueho sed
am-bre swe-nyo
For
more
sed
feelings, see the dictionary.
mixed emotions a
little
oon po-ko
un poco I'm a
little
sad.
Estoyunpocotriste.
quite bastante I'm quite disappointed. Estoy bastante decepcionado/a. m/f
estoy oon po-ko
trees-te
bastante estoy bastante desep-syonodo/a
very
muy
mooy
I'm very happy.
Estoy
muy feliz.
estoy mooy
.
.
tye-ne/fye-nes
cold
thirsty
...
aboo-ree-do/a
aburrido/a
sick
...
fe-/ees
opinions opimones Did you
like it?
lie/Te gusto? pol/inf
le/te
goos-ro
What
did you think of it? iQue penso/pensaste de eso? poi/inf
Ithlought
was
it
..
ke pen-so/pen-sas-te
dee-so
Piensoquefue
.
...
Es...
It's s ...
absurdo/a m/f
beautiful bizarre
hermoso/a m/f extra no/a m/f una porquerfa
eksrra-nyo/a oo-na por-ke-ree-a /o-ko/a
bonee-to/a en-tre-te-nee-do/a
excellent
excel en te
ekse/en-te
full-on
extremo/a m/f
horrible
horrible
ek-srre-mo/a o-reeble
sible
.
absoor-do/a ermo-so/a
loco/a m/f bonito/a m/f entretenido/a
incomprehen-
.
es...
absurd
crap crazy cute entertaining
pyen-so ke fwe
incompren-
een-kompren-
sible
seeble
revolutionary acronyms Mexican
politics
is
of the following
in
EZLN
peppered with acronyms. Look for some newspaper headlines and street grafrtti:
Ejercito Zapatista
de Liberacion Nacional
(Zapatista National Liberation
Army)
FZLN
Frente Zapatista de Liberacion Nacional (Zapatista National Liberation Front)
PAN
Partido Accion Nacional (National Action Party)
PDPR
Partido Democratico Popular Revolucionario (People's Revolutionary Democratic Party)
PRD
Partido de la Revolucion Democratico
PRI
Partido Revolucionario Institucional
(Democratic Revolution Party) (Institutional Revolutionary Party)
104
. .
.
& social issues
politics
politka
la
& los temas sociales
While Mexicans are very critical of their leaders, they can also be fiercely patriotic at the same time. Visitors should try to pick the mood, and ask questions before offering opinions. Mexican history, art
and culture are
fruitful subjects of conversation. As such as the Mexican-American war and
a rule, avoid topics illegal
immigration.
Who do you vote for? por kyen vo-ta/vo-tas
[Porquien vota/votas? I
Apoyo
support the
...
I'm a
member
of the
...
party.
a-po-yo
al
partido
party.
.
al
par-fee-do
.
...
Soy miembro del
soy myem-bro del
partido
par-fee-do
communist
.
.
...
conservative
Comunisto Conservador
green
Verde
ver-de
liberal
Progresisto
pro-gre-seesta
ko-moo-nees-ta kon-ser-va-c/or
(progressive)
I
labour social democratic
Laborista
la-bo-rees-ta
Socialdemocrata
so-syal-de-mo-kra-ta
socialist
Socialista
so-sya-/ees-ta
(don't)
agree with
...
(No) estoy de acuerdo con
Are you against
.
.
de a-kwer-do kon
lEsta/Estds en
esta/es-tas en
contra
/con-tra
c/e
.
.
.
? pol/inf
Are you
in
How do
people
favour of ...? {Esta/Estds a favor de...? pol/inf feel
about
iComo se siente la gente acerca de In
(no) es-toy
.
...?
...?
preocupamos por
...
es-ta/estas a favor de
.
.
...?
/co-mo se syente aserka de ...
my country we are concerned about En mi pais nos
de
la
khente
...
en mi pa-ees nos .
.
.
pre-okoo-pamos por 105
abortion
aborto
animal rights
derechos
a-bor-to
m pi
de-re-chos
de a-nee-ma-les
de animates corruption
corruption
crime
crimen
discrimination
discrimination
deeskreemee-nasyor
drugs
drogas
c/ro-gas
economy
koroop-syon
f
m f
Aree-men
pi
economiaf
e-konomee-a
education
education
e-doo-ka-syon
exploitation
explotacion
the environment
medio
the
f
ek-splo-tasyon
f
me-dyo
rr
ambiente equal opportunity
am-byen-te
igualdad f
ee-gwal-dad
de oportunidades
de o-por-too-neecfcK^
euthanasia
eutanasia
globalisation
globalization
human
derechos
rights
e-oo-ta-no-sya
f
\
m pi
de-re-chos
humanos indigenous rights
derechos
oo-ma-nos
m pi
de-re-chos
de eendeekhe-nas
de indigenas
immigration
inmigracion
f
eenmee-gra-syon
inequality
desigualdad
I
des-ee-gwal-cfad
machismo
machismo m
party politics
politicas
ma-chees-mo po/eetee-kas
f pi
de par-fee-do
de partido
poverty
pobreza
privatisation
privatization
po-bre-sa
I
\
m m
pree-va-tee-sa-syon
racism
racismo
sexism
sexismo
social welfare
seguridad f
se-goo-ree-dac/
soda/
so-syal
terrorism
the war
106
globaleesasyon
in
terrorismo ...
/a
ra-sees-mo
sekseesmo
m
guerra I en...
te-ro-rees-mo la
gexa en
...
unemployment
desempleo
des-emp/e-o
violence
violencia
vyo-/en-sya
f
the environment medio ambiente
el Is
there a/an (environmental) problem here? lAqui hay problemas con (el
a-kee
medio ambiente)?
(el
biodegradable
biodegradable
conservation
conservation
f
a\
pro-b/e-mas kon
me-dyo am-byen-te)
byode-gra-da-ble del
kon-ser-va-syor? del
medio ambiente
me-dyo am-byen-te
deforestation
deforestation
de-fores-ta-syon
drought ecosystem
sequfa
ecosistema
genetically
cultivos/
modified crops/foods
se-kee-a
f
n
eko-sees-fe-ma kool-fee-vos/
m pi
alimentos
a-lee-men-tos
transgenicos
trans-/cbe-nee-kos
irrigation
irrigation
ee-ree-ga-syo/i
ozone
capa deozono
layer
f
pesticidas
pollution
contamination
recyclable
recito!'able
recycling
programas
programme water supply
de
ka-pa de o-so-no
m pi
pesticides
pes-teesee-das f
kon-ta-mee-na-syon
reseekla-b\e
m pi
reciclaje
pro-gra-mas
de
re-see/c/a-khe
suministro
soomeeneestro
de agua
de a-gwa
lEsta protegido/a
es-ta pro-te-kheedo/a
protected?
este/a ...? m/f
es-te la
forest
park
bosque m parque m
parke
species
especie
es-pe-sye
Is
this...
...
bos-ke
107
local talk
Are you pulling
108
I
Me est as
me estas
my leg? How about that? How interesting!
vocilando?
vasee/on-do
lOue
keta!
jQue interesante!
ke eentere-sonte
Just joking.
Estoy
es-roy
bromeondo.
bromeando
Listen (to this)!
jEscucho
es-koo-cha (es-to)
tal?
(esto)l
Look!
jMiro!
meera
Of course!
jPor supuesto!
Really?
iDe veras?
por soo-pwesto de veras
That's great!
jEsta padrisimo!
esta padreeseemo
That's incredible!
;Es increible!
es
eenkreeeble
You bet! You don't
jYa locreo!
ya
lo kre-o
no
me dee-gas
say!
jNo
me digas!
going out salidas
where to go a
What's there to do in the evenings? ke se pwe-de [Que se puede hacer en las no-ches noches? What's on
iQuehay
...?
en
locally this
Is ...
weekend
ke
...?
a-ser
semana
se-ma-na
today
hoy
oy
tonight
esta
noche
es-ta
there a local
iHoyunogufa
guide? entertainment
de
de
la
las
en laso-na es-te feen de
este fin de
...
en
ai ...
zona
la
dondeir
zona?
ai
no-che
oo-na gee-a
de
...
de laso-na
entretenimiento
en-tre-te-nee-myen-to
film
cines
see-nes
gay music
los lugares
here are the
gay
demusica
..." '
iDondehay
...?
los loo-ga-res gay demoo-see-ka
c/on-deai
...
bars
bares
cafes
cafeterias
ka-fe-te-ree-as
clubs
discos
deeskos
gay venues
lugares gay
places to eat
lugares
pubs
ba-res
donde
\oo-ga-res
gay
loo-go-res don-de
comer
komer
bares
bares 109
1
feel like
going to
...
Tengo ganas
ten-go gcrnas
de
deeer
ir ...
a una
a cafe
...
a oo-na
cafeteria
ka-fe-te-ree-a
a concert
a un concierto
a
the movies
al cine
al
a party
a una
a
oo-na ryes-ta
a restaurant
a un restaurante
a
oon
the theatre
al teatro
al
Where can we go
(salsa)
iDondepodemosira
fiesta
oon
kon-syer-to
see-ne
res-tow-ran-te
te-a-tro
dancing? don-de po-de-mos eer
bailor (salsa)?
a
ba'vlar {salsa)
What's the cover charge? iCuanto cuesta It's
el
kwan-to kwes-ta
cover?
el /co-ver
free.
es gra-tees
Es gratis.
three mexicans walk into a bar From rowdy rum-soaked saloons lounge-bars, Mexico has
antro
.
to cosy
and romantic
it all.
an-tro
bar or nightclub, formerly used to describe a dive
bar
bar
a place for drinking
listening to live
cantina
and
talking, rather
than dancing or
music kan-ree-na
a uniquely
Mexican establishment (often recognisable by
Wild-West
style
beer,
swinging doors) where tequila, mezcal,
rum and brandy
are the order of the day -
some
cantinas are exclusively men-only zones, while others are
more
relaxed.
peha a place to
pen-ya
go
for either a drink or a meal, usually with live
romantic Mexican music
110
.
invitations las invitaciones
What
are you
doing
...?
right
iQue vas a
ke vas a
hacer
a-ser
now
...?
ohorita
noche
this
evening
esta
this
weekend
este fin
tomorrow
Would you like to go ...?
i
de
ma-nya-na
Te gustaria ...?
ira bailor salir
going
...
feen de
manana
out somewhere
feel like
no-che
es-te
se-ma-na
te goos-ta-ree-a
.
eerabai-/ar
a algun
sa-leer a al-goon
lado I
es-ta
semana
dancing
for a
...
a-o-ree-ta
la-do
Me gustaria
me goos-ta-ree-a
ira
eer a
...
...
coffee
tomar un cafe
to-maroon
drink
tomar algo
to-maral-go
meal walk
comer caminar
ko-mer
ka-fe
ka-mee-nar
My round. Yo
yo een-uee-to
invito.
Do you know
a
good restaurant? algoon bwen
iConoces algun buen
ko-no-ses
restaurante?
res-tow-ron-te
Do you want to come to the
(Cafe Tacuba) concert with
me?
iQuieres venir conmigo al
/eye-res
concierto (de Cafe Tacuba)?
kon-syer-to (de ka-fe ta-/coo-ba)
ve-neer kon-mee-go
al
We're having a party.
Vamos a hacer una
fiesta.
vamos
a a-ser oo-na fyes-la
You should come. i? or que novienes?
por ke no vye-nes 111
responding to invitations respondiendo a invitaciones Sure! jClaro
Yes, Si,
I'd
que si, gracias!
kta-ro ke see gra-syas
love to.
meencantaria.
see
Where shall we go? lEndondevamos?
me
enkan-ta-ree-a
en don-de va-mos
Thanks, but I'm afraid can't. Gracias, pero no puedo. I
gra-syas
pero no pwe-do
What about tomorrow? iQuetalmanana? Sorry,
I
ketal ma-nya-na
can't sing/dance.
per-don no se ka n -tar/ha
Perdon, no se cantar/bailar.
i
-/or
arranging to meet organizando un encuentro What time I
shall
we meet?
A que hora nos vemos?
Where
will
a ke o-ra
donde nos vemos
iDonde nos vemos? Let's
112
meet
nos ve-mos
we meet?
...
Nos vemos
at (eight o'clock)
a
at the (entrance)
en
(las
la
.
.
nos
vemos
...
ocho)
a (laso-cho)
(entrada)
en
la
(entrada)
I'll
I'll
you up.
pick
Paso por ti.
pa-so portee
becoming later. Te alcanzo mas tarde.
te al-kan-so
Where
will
iDonde vas a If
I'm not there Si
no
far-de
don-de vas a es-tar
estar?
by
(nine), don't
wait for me. see noye-go a
llego a las (nueve),
me esperes.
no
mas
you be?
no
las
(nwe-ve)
me es-pe-res
OK! o-kay
jOK! I'll
see you then.
nos ve-mos
Nos vemos. See you
later.
Hasta luego.
as-ta
lwe-go
as-ta
ma-nya-na
See you tomorrow. Hasta manana. I'm looking forward to
it.
Tengo muchas ganas de
ir.
fen-go moo-chas ga-nas
de eer
Sorry I'm late.
Perdon por llegar
pet-don por ye-gar tar-de
tarde.
Never mind.
No
te
note pre-o-/coopes
preocupes.
timing
isn't
everything
isn't the end of the world in where punctuality is important, make sure you add en punto - meaning 'exactly' - after arranging
Being
late for
Mexico.
a
In
an appointment
situations
time to meet. Family obligations always take precedence
over social or business meetings, and party
it's
expected that
you'll arrive
if
you're invited to a
between
to an hour later than the specified time.
thirty
minutes
drugs las I
don't take drugs.
No consumo drogas. I
drogas
have
...
no kon-soo-mo dro-gas
occasionally.
Consumo
.
konsoo-mo
.
...
de ves en kwan-do
de vez en cuando.
Do you want to have
a
smoke?
{Nos fumamos un churro?
nos foo-ma-mos oon choo-ro
I'm high.
Estoy pacheco/a.
es-roypa-c/ie-ko/a
smoking the devil Slang words for marijuana include mota hierba
(lit:
grass).
A
joint
is
called a churro
(lit:
fleck)
or
(lit:
fritter)
or
someone wants to suggest having a smoke they may ask iLe quemamos las patas al diablo?, which
a gallo
(lit:
rooster).
can be translated as
114
If
'Shall
we
burn the
devil's
paws?'
romance romance asking someone out :
Would you
to do somethi ng (tonight)?
like
iQuieres hacer algo (esta
Yes,
I'd
Si,
me encantaria.
if
no-che)
no puedo.
you were the
aunque
persona en
see
me en-kan-ta-reea
can't.
1
Gracias, pero
jNi
(es-ta
love to.
No, I'm afraid
Not
/eye-res a-sera/-go
noche)?
last
gra-syas pe-ro
fueras la ultima el
no pwe-do
person on Earth!
mundo!
nee own-ke fwe-ras per-so-na en
el
!a
oo/-tee-ma
moon do
local talk He's (a)...
El...
el
She's (a)...
Ellaes...
e-ya es
es
... ...
bitch
una perra
hot
caliente
ka-lyen-te
hot girl hot guy
cachonda cachondo
ka-chon-da
gorgeous
guapisimo/a m/f
gwa-peesee-mo/a
prick
un cabron
oon ka-bron
slut
unaputa
oo-na poo-ta
ka-chon-do
What
a babe! (about a man) jQue tipo tan bueno! ke fee-po tan bwe-no
What
a babe! (about a
jQue
vieja tan
buena!
woman) ke vyekha tan bwe-na
He/She gets around. Se va a
la
cama con
cualquiera.
se va a
la
ka-ma kon
kwal/cye-ra
115
pick-up lines frases para ligar
Would you
like a
drink?
[Ye invito una copa?
What
star sign are
te een-vee-to oo-na /copa
you?
iCualestusigno? Shall
kwal es too seeg-no
we get some fresh
air?
iVamos afuera?
va-mos
a-ftve-ra
Do you study or do you work? es-foo-dyas o tra ba-jas
lEstudias o trabajas?
You mustn't come here much, because would have noticed you sooner. Nodebesvenirmuy no de-bes ve-neer mooy I
seguido porque fijadoen
ti
Do you have
me habria
(a)
beautiful
...
body eyes
hands laugh personality
116
me abreea
a light?
iTienes encendedor?
You have
se-gee-do por-ke
fee-kha-do en tee an-Xes
antes.
Tienes
fye-nes en-sen-de-dor
.
.
un muy buen cuerpo unos ojos
rye-nes
...
oon mooy
preciosos
bwen kwer-po oo-noso-khos presyosos
manos
unas manos
oo-nas
preciosas
presyosas
una
oo-na ree-sa
risa
preciosa
presyosa
una gran
oo-na gran
personalidad
perso-na-lee-dad
.
rejections reehaios I'm here with
my boyfriend/girlfriend.
Estoy aquicon mi novio/a. 1
;
have a boyfriend/girlfriend. Ten go novio/a.
Excuse me, Lo siento,
que
.;:
eating out saliendo a comer
key language tenguaje basico breakfast
dinner drink eat
lunch
snack
desayuno cena f
de-sa-yoo-no
beber
be-6er
comer comida f botana f
ko-mer ko-mee-da
se-na
bo-ta-na
I'm starving!
;Me muero de hambre!
me mwe-ro de am-bre
tacos to go Fresh tacos are cheap, tasty and absolutely everywhere.
Don't leave without trying these three favourites:
tokos
tacos al pastor
al
pastor
tacos with thinly-sliced meat, pineapple, onions and coriander
tacos de
came asada
tokos de karne asoda
tacos with marinated minced steak, fresh onions and coriander
tacos de carnitas
ta-kos
de karnee-tas
tacos with finely-diced pork,onions and coriander
finding a place to eat buscando un lugar para comer Can you
recommend
a
bar cafe
coffee bar
restaurant
...
iMepuede
mepwe-de
recomendar ...? un bar un cafe una cafeteria un restaurante
re-ko-men-dar
...
oon bar oon ka-fe oon restowran-te
.
Where would you go
iDondese puede ...?
for ...?
a celebration a
festejar
cheap meal
local
specialities
listen for
don-de se pwe-de ... festekhar
comer barato comer comida
komer ba-rato
tipica
tee- pee- ka
ko-mer ko-mee-da
,
a-kee fye-ne
Here you go!
Aquitiene.
don-de
le
goosta-ree-a sen-tar-se
iDonde le gustaria
Where would you
sentarse?
like to sit?
es-fa-mosye-nos
Estamos
We're
llenos.
fully
booked.
ke de-se-a orde-nar
iQue desea ordenar? ko-mo
lo kye-re
iComo lo quiere
How would you that cooked?
like
myentras es-pera
iQuiere tomar olgo
Would you
mientrasespera?
drink while you wait?
legoosta
like a
...
lie gusto
Do you
...?
re-ko-myen-do Le recomiendo
like ...?
... .
.
I
suggest the
...
no te-nemos mesas No tenemos mesas.
We have no tables.
oon mo-men-fee-to Un momentito.
One moment.
ya
seromos Ya cerramos.
140
I
preporado? kye-re xo-mar al-go
le
What can get for you?
preparodo
We're closed.
.
I'd like
to reserve
Quisiera reservar
kee-sye-ra re-ser-var
una mesa para
oo-na me-sapa-ra
a table for...
(two) people
(dos)
(eight) o'clock
a
Are you
personas
is
a las (o-cho)
serving food?
still
long
see-gen seer-vyen-do ko-mee-da
the wait?
iCuanto hay que esperar?
kwan-to
ai
ke es-pe-rar
I'd like...,
Quisiera...,
kee-sye-ra
please.
por
por fa-vor
favor.
una mesa para
a table for (five)
the menu the drink list
el
the (non-smoking)
el
el
de
la
bebidas section
Do you have
...?
menu
el a-re-a
fumar
(no)
fye-nen
iTienen...?
children's meals in
English
me-noo de
/carta
be-bee-das
area de
(no)
.
(seen-ko)
menu
la carta
.
oo-na me-sa pa-ra
(cinco)
a
...
(dos) per-so-nas
las (ocho)
iSiguen sirviendo comida?
How
...
de
foo-mar ...
menu infantil un menu en
me-noo een-fan-tee/ oon me-noo en
ingles
een-g/es
at the restaurant en I'd like
Is it
restaurante
the menu, please.
Quisiera
por
el
el
menu,
favor.
kee-sye-
ra el
me-noo
porfa-vor
self-serve?
lEs autoservicio?
We're just having drinks. Solo queremos tomar algo.
es ow-toservee-syo
so-lo
keremos to-nw al-go
What would you recommend? iQue recomienda?
ke re-ko
my en -da
I'll
have what they're having. Quiero
What's
iQue
Does
it
lo
in
mismo que ellos.
kye-ro lo
mees-mo ke
e-yos
that dish?
tiene ese platillo?
ke ryene e-se plareeyo
take long to prepare?
iSe tarda
mucho en
prepararlo?
se tar-da
moo-cho en
pre-paror-lo
Are these complimentary? lEstos son de cortesfa? I'd like
son de kor-tesee-a
Quisiera un platillo
kee-sye-ra
ti'pico.
ree-pee-ko
I'd like
Is
es-tos
a local speciality.
a
meal fit for a king. comer como
Quisiera
kee-sye-ra
un
oon
rey.
oon plafee-yo
komer komo
ray
service included in the bill?
kwen-ta een-/c/oo-ye
lLacuenta incluyeel
la
cubierto?
koo-byer-to
el
table
mesat
mesa
142
.
.
.
look for... botanas
bo-fa-nas
appetisers
comida
ko-mee-da
set
corrida
meals
ko-ree-da
ensaladas
en-sa/a-das
salads
entradas
en-rra-das
entrees
guarniciones
gwar-nee-syo-nes
side dishes
platillo
pla-teeyo
main course
preen-see-pa/
principal
postre
pos-tre
sopas
so-pas
aquas frescas de frutas
a-gwas
aperitivos
a-pe-ree-fee-vos
aperitifs
bebidas
be-bee-das
drinks
cervezas
ser-ve-sas
beers
digestivos
dee-khes-ree-vos
digestifs
licores
lee-/co-res
spirits
refrescos
re-fres-kos
soft drinks
vinos blancos
i/ee-nos blan-kos
white wines
ueenos doolses
dessert wines
i/ee-nos
sparkling wines
vinos vinos
de
dukes espumosos
desserts
soups fres-kas
fruit
drinks
froo-tas
espoo-mo-sos vinos tintos
vee-nos teen-tos
red wines
more words you might see on the menu, see the culinary
For
reader page 157.
P or favor, nos trae
Please bring us
...
the
a serviette
Is
spoon
there (any I
chilli
por
fa -vor
nos
fra-e
.
.
cuenta un cuchillo
oon koo-cheeyo
una servilleta una cuchara
oo-na koo-cha-ra
la
bill
a knife a
.
la
kwen-ta
oo na ser-veeyeta
sauce)?
Hay (salsa picante)?
a'\
{salsa peekan-te)
143
.
talking food hablando de comida That was delicious! jEstaba delicioso!
es-ta-ba de-leesyoso
My compliments to the chef. Mis felicitaciones
mees
a! chef.
al
I'm
full.
Estoy satisfecho/a. m/f
1
felee-see-tasyo-nes
chef
love
...
es-roy sa-tees-fe-cho/a
Meencanta
...
this dish
esteplatillo
the local
la
cuisine
This
comida
Estoesta
erv/can-ta
...
es-te pla-teeyo la
komee-da
reepee-ka
tipica
is...
me
...
burnt
quemado
(too) cold
(muy)
es-to es-ro
.
.
spicy
picante
ke-ma-do (mooy) free-o (mooy) kalyen-te pee-kante
superb
exquisito
es-kee-see-to
(too)
hot
frio
(muy) caliente
Tex-Mex teaser If you were expecting crunchy tacos you'll be disappointed and don't order a burrito unless you're after a little donkey. Some foods that you may have thought were Mexican - like fajitas, burritos and nachos - are actually all from Texas. Some say these dishes are a pale imitation of Mexican food, while others claim Tex-Mex cuisine belongs in a class of its own. As a former state of Mexico, Texas certainly maintains strong cultural influences from further south, but homesick
Texans should order tocos dorados (deep-fried tacos) need a bit of crunch.
144
if
they
breakfast el
desayuno
What's a typical (Mexican) breakfast? /co-mo es oon tee-pee-ko iComo es un tfpico de-sa-yoono (me-khee-/ca-no) desayuno (mexicano)?
bacon beans
tocino
m
to-see-no
frijoles
m pi
free-kho-les
bread
pan
butter
mantequilla
cereal
cereal
(hot/cold)
chocolate
cho-ko-/a-te
(caliente/frio)
(ka-/yen-te//ree-o)
chocolate
pan t
m
man-te-/cee-ya se-re-a/
coffee
cafe
fruit
fruta
hot corn drink
atole
a-ro-le
eggs
huevos m pi huevos m pi est re II ados huevos m pi a la mexicana huevos revueltos
w/e-vos
fried
eggs
Mexican-style
eggs scrambled eggs
ka-fe
froo-ta
f
i^e-vos
es-tre-ya-dos
we-vos a
la
me-khee-/ca-na
we-vos re-vwel-tos
jam
mermelada
mer-me-/a-da
milk
leche
/e-che
orange juice
jugo
f
khoo-go de
de naranja
na-ran-kha
sauce salsa f sweet bread pan dulce stuffed corn dough tamales m pi
sa/-sa
tea
re
te
toast
pan
tortillas
tortillas f pi
torteeyas
tortillas f pi
torfee-yas
cornflour
tostado
tortillas
quesadillas
pan tosfado
de maees
de mail
tortillas
cheese
m
pan dool-se ta-ma-\es
f
pi
kesadeeyas
See self-catering, page 151, and the culinary reader, page 1
57, for
more
breakfast foods.
methods of preparation metodos preparacion I'd like it... 1
don't want
it ...
Loquiero...
lo /cye-ro
No
no
boiled broiled
loquiero...
...
hervido/a m/f
er-vee-do/a
asado/a a
a-sa-do/a a
parrilla
deep-fried
...
lo /cye-ro
la
m/f
la
pa-ree-ya
sumergido/a en aceite m/f
soo-mer-Zc/iee-do/a
en
m/f
a-say-te
fried
frito/a
grilled
a
medium
termino medio
fer-mee-no me-dyo
rare
roja
ro-kha
re-heated
recalentado/a m/f
steamed
al
well-done
bien cocido/a m/f
with the dressing
con
on the side without
in
(chilli)
free-to/a
la parilla
a
pa-ree-ya
re-ka-len-ra-do/a
vapor el
la
al
va-por
byen ko-see-do/a kon el a-de-re-so
aderezo
aparte
a-por-te
sin (chile)
seen
{chee-\e)
the bar en
el
bar
Excuse me! oy-ga
jOiga!
I'm next.
see-go yo
jSigo yo!
have
I'll
(a tequila).
Quiero (una tequila)
Same
Otro igual, por favor
No [•1
I'll
ice,
(oo-na
te-/cee-la)
o-tro
eeg-wal por favor
please.
Sin hielo,
por favor.
buy you
a drink.
Te invito una copa.
146
/cye-ro
again, please.
seenyelo porfa-vor te een-vee-to oo-na /co-pa
.
What would you
like?
iQue quieres tomar?
my
It's
ke
/eye-res
Xo-mar
round.
yo een-vee-to
Yo invito esta rondo.
es-ta ron-da
You can get the next one. Tu invitos
Do you
la
que sigue.
too een-vee-tas
ke see-ge
la
serve meals here?
iSirven
com id as aquf?
seer-ven ko-mee-das a-kee
nonalcoholic drinks bebidas sin alcohol
m
(cup of) tea
(un) te
(cup of) coffee
(un) cafe
...
with (milk)
...without (sugar)
.
.
.
.
con
(oon) te
m (leche)
sin (azucar)
orangeade
jugo m limonada f m a tea da f naranjada f
soft drink (general)
refresco
soft drink
sodaf
juice
lemonade milkshake
1
m
(oon) ka-fe ...
kon
...
seen
(/e-che)
(a-soo-kar)
khoo-go lee-mo-na-da mal-te-c?-da
na-ran-/c/iada re-fres-ko
soda
(northern Mexico) ...
water
aguaf
...
a-gwa
...
boiled
hervida
ervee-da
Jamaica mineral
de Jamaica
de khamay-ka
mineral
meene-ra/
rice
dehor chata
de or-chata
sparkling
con gas
still
sin
tamarind
de tamarindo
gas
kon gas seen gas
de tamareendo 147
.
.
alcoholic drinks bebidas akoholicas beer
cerveza
champagne
champan m
ser-ve-sa
f
m
cocktail
coctel
gin
ginebra
rum
ronm
ron
vodka whisky
vodka
m whisky m
wees-kee
the I
spirit of
would
like a
koktel
shot of
kee-syera
oon shot de
.
meskal
liquor distilled
from agave
posh liquor flavoured with herbs
pulque alcohol
pool-ke
made from fermented agave
rompope eggnog with cane
alcohol
alcohol and
tepoche
popular
a bottle/glass
dessert
cinnamon
made from fermented pineapple
tequila
wine
sap
rompope
tepache
of...
vodka
... ...
mezcal
posh cane
kheenebra
f
Mexico
Quisiera un shot de
148
cham-pan
rinds
te/ceela spirit distilled
from the maguey plant
una botella/copa
oo- na bo-teya/kc
de vino
devee-no doolse
.
duke
...
red
tinto
rose
rosado
rosado
sparkling
espumoso
espoomoso
white
bianco
blanko
teen-to
de ser-ve-sa oo n fa-ro
jug
de cerveza un torro unajarra
large bottle
una caguama
oo-na ka-gwa-ma
una
oo-na bo-te-ya
of beer
..
...
glass
...
oo-na kha-ra
(940ml) small bottle
botella
(325ml)
one too many? {demasiadas copas? Cheers! sa-/ood
jSalud!
Thanks, but don't feel like Gracias, pero no se me I
it.
antoja. I
grasyas pe-ro no se anto-kha
me
don't drink alcohol.
no bebo
No bebo. I'm tired,
I'd
better
go home.
Estoy cansado/a, mejor
estoykan-so-do/a me-khor
me voy a mi casa.
me voy a mee kasa
m/f
Where's the toilet? iDonde esta el baho? This
is
don-de esta
el
bo-nyo
hitting the spot.
Me lo estoy pasando muy bien.
me lo estoy pasondo mooy byen
I'm feeling drunk.
Se
me esta subiendo
I
se
me es-fa
soo-oyen-do
moo-cho
mucho. feel fantastic!
jMe siento
muy bien!
me syento mooy byen 149
I
really, really
love you.
Te quiero muchisimo. I
think
te
Creo que he tornado demasiado.
Can you I
I
call
a taxi for
/creo ke e to-ma-do
demasya-do
me?
me pwe-des
Me puedes pedir
un
kyero moo-c/iee-see-mo
had one too many.
I've
oon
taxi?
don't think you should drive. No creo que debas manejar.
no
pe-deer
tak-see
kre-o ke
debas ma-ne-khar
I'm pissed.
Estoy borracho/a. m/f I
feel
es-toy bo-ra-cho/a
ill.
me syen-to
Mesientomal.
mal
the best seat in the house by many names
Nature
calls
known
as bahos, while public toilets
in
Mexico. Toilets are widely
may
also advertise
themselves as sanitarios or servicios. An unexpected bout of 'Montezuma's revenge' - a bowel condition afflicting those still adjusting to spicy food - can leave you charging for the door. Before rushing
in blindly,
take a
moment
to consider
your best option:
Gentlemen
Caballeros
kaba-ye-ros
Damas
damas
Ladies
Hombres
om-bres
Men
Mujeres
mookheres
Women
Sehores Sehoras
sen-yo-res
Sirs
senyoras
Madams
self-catering autoservicio
key language lenguaje basico cooked
cocido/a m/f
ko-see-do/a
dried
seco/a m/f fresco/a m/f
se-ko/a
fresh
fres- ko/a
congelado/a m/f crudo/a m/f
frozen
raw
kon-khe-/o-do/a
kroo-do/a
market munchies The mouthwatering aroma of fresh food in a Mexican market can really work up your appetite. For a cheap local meal in a rowdy atmosphere, grab a seat at a comedor (lit: eatery) usually found in the centre of the market.
buying food comprando comida
How much? iCuanto?
kwan-Xo
How much does
it
cost?
kwan-to kwes-ta
iCuanto cuesta?
How much
is
(a kilo
of cheese)?
iCuanto vale (un kilodequeso)?
What's the
local speciality?
iCual es la especiolidad de la zona?
What's that? iQueeseso?
Can taste I
kwan-Xo va-\e (oon kee\o de ke-so) kwal es
de
la
la
es-pe-sya-lee-dad
so-na
ke es eso
it?
iPuedo probarlo/a? m/f
pwedo
probarlo/a 151
.
Can have a bag, please? iMe da una bolsa, por favor? I
I'd like...
(100)
(cien)
.
me da oo-na bolsa
.
gramos
kee-sye-ra
por favor
...
(syen) gra-mos
oon
a kilo
un
(two) kilos
(dos) kilos
(dos) /cee-los
a bottle
una botella una docena
oo-na bo-fe-ya
ajar
unjarra
a packet
oon khara oon pa/cete
a piece
un paquete una pieza
(three) pieces
(tres)
a slice
una rebanada
a
dozen
kilo
(six) slices
(seis)
a tin
una
one one bit more
piezas
rebanadas
lata
/ceelo
oo-na do-sen-a
oo-na pye-sa (tres)
pye-sas
oo-na re-ba-na-da (says)
re-bana-das
oo-na lata
that
ese/a m/f
e-se/a
this
esto
a
un poco mas
esto oon po-ko mas
menos
menos
less
152
grams
Quisiera
.
That's enough, thanks.
Asiesta bien, gracias.
Do you have
...?
ifiene
anything
the
Ifind
section?
...
and
seafood frozen goods
mas
ba-ra-to
o-tros tee-pos
don-de es-ta
la
....
...
a/-go
otros tipos
iDonde est a
dairy fish
mas barato
seccion de
byen gra-syas
fye-ne
...?
algo
cheaper any other kinds
Where can
a-see es-ta
sek-syon de
)
la .
.
lacteos
lak-te-os
pescados y
pes-ka-dos ee
mariscos
ma-rees-kos
productos
pro-c/oo/c-tos
congeladoi
konkhe-/a-dos
frutasy
froo-tas
verduras
ver-doo-ras
meat
carnes
/carnes
poultry
aves
a-ves
fruit
and
vegetable
ee
listen for... al-go
mas
lAlgo mas?
Anything else?
pwe-do serveer lEnquelepuec o servir?
Canl help you?
en ke
le
ese es (mole) Ese es (mole).
That' s {mole).
ke de-se-a
iQue deseo?
What would you
like?
no fengo
No se
tengo.
1
don't have any.
termeeno Se term i no
There's
none
left.
son (seenko pesos)
Son (cinco pesos).
That' 5 (five pesos).
153
cooking utensils utensilios de cocina
Could
I
please borrow
(a
corkscrew)?
iMe puede prestar (un
me pwede
socacorchos)?
sa-ka/corchos)
Where's (a frying pan)? iDonde hay (un sarten)? bottle
opener
a\
(oon
sar-fen)
destapador
destapador
m m
bowl
refractario
re-frak-fa-ryo
can opener chopping board
abrelatas
a-bre/atas
cup
tazaf
corkscrew
sacacorchos
fork
tenedor
fridge frying
154
donde
pres-tar (oon
tabla
i
para picar
sarten
pee-ka
tasa
m
glass
vasom
knife
cuchillo
m
m
refrigerador
pan
ta-bla pa-ra
m
sakakorchos tenedor refreekherador sarfen
oven
homo m
vaso koocheeyo or no
plate
plato
p/oto
saucepan
ollai
spatula
espatula
spoon
cuchara
in
o-ya
f
toaster
tostador
tongs
pinzas
f
f
m
pi
espotoola koochara tostador peensas
LVHt Itk *;! i hi i Ytna
...?
butter fish
"
me pwede
iMe puede
ser-do
aves
came (roja)
meat
listen for ?al ko-stT
Le preguntare al cocinero.
I'll
check with the cook.
^ter
iPuede comer...?
Can you eat
Todo
It
tiene (came).
special diets
all
f-
as
...?
meat
on
it.
&
alergias
& allergies dietas especiales
I'm
in
a special diet.
Estoy a dieta especial. I'm allergic to
...
dairy produce
Soy alergico/a ... n/f a los productos lacteos
eggs
soy a-fer-khe: a los pro-dook lakxe-os
huevos
a
!:
gelatina
a
la
gelatin
a a
gluten
al gluten
al
MSG
alglutamato
alglc
los la
peanuts seafood shellfish
156
a a a a
las los los los
nueces cacahuates mariscos moluscos
khe-lafeena
g loo-ten
monosodico nuts
'
3 so-dee-ko
a
\a
a los ka-ka-#m a los ma-rees-kos a los mo-toos-kos
-
culinary reader lexico culinario For a
more
detailed version of this glossary, see Lonely Planet's World
Food Mexico.
— — mineral — purificada fria
abulon
:
aceite
oil
abalone
mineral water :-o-ree-fee-/co-da purified
— de girasol 3e khee-ra-so/
— quina — gas
s:H water
— deoliva — vegetal
— tonica
tank water
.-.ater
sin
olive oil
vegetable oil
— negra — verde
agave juice sugar
cane alcohol
i
prepared as a
::.r.js
candy but also used in savoury dishes I
red -^usky-flavoured
spice used as
ajo
& other foods (also called annatto posre of garlic, vinegar,
meatballs
alcachofa
Amer can
aloe, also
pastry
algodon
blue agave - used to
:•
a
water
— caliente — con gas
I
.-
A 3t
m ej a
a
sodo water •
I
deazucar fairy floss
•
cotton candy -
food
-clam' scallop mond
m u e rzo
brunch, also
translated as 'lunch' -a late-morning
carbonated water
— de horchata — de Jamaica
rice
water
snack typically consisting of a quick plate
drink
made by steeping dried hibiscus flowers in warm water - served chilled la
& sprinkled with
almendra
~ot water
— de Have — de manantial
with jam
alimentos
produce tequila & mezcal .
filled
grated coconut
pulque
mezcal i tequila
— azul
de coco
alfajor
century plant - source of
alcoholic beverages such as
capers traditional sweet
made from amaranth seeds & molasses
marinade or pickling agent
known as
zTichoke
alcaparras
alegnas
herbs & chillies - u>ed as a sauce,
agave
sesame seeds
a: basil
albondigas
a colouring agent v mole
a d o bo
gartic
ajonjoh
albahaca
small red shrimp
D-see
achiote
agua
avocado
*.
1
aguardiente
b rxk olive
greer olive
acitron
acocil
aguacate
aguamiel
roc rw olive
aceituna
-
.
.
tap water spring
'
tacos or a sandwich
alubia
haricot
amaranto
bean
amaranth
a native plant similar to spinach
anchoa
-
anchovy
anguila -
embotellada
bottled
an
i
s
anise- aniseed (used in
desserts, liqueurs
fruit-flavoured water
annatto
& breads
I
see achiote
157 .
antojitos
an-tokheetos
pi
'little
whimsies' - small portions of classic
Mexican
such as quesadillas,
dishes,
sopes & tostadas, served as snack food for street eating or as appetisers
anejo/a 3'/© a-nye-kho/a 'aged' - used to describe certain cheeses,
apio
celery
i
bilberry
— agrio
cranberry
arenque
herring
arroz
kipper
a
la
mekhee-Zcana
may be coloured red tomatoes & cooked with diced
with
rice'
-
carrots
& peas
—a
poblana
la
a la
pob/ana pilaf & melted
with chile poblano, corn
— con leche kon te-che pudding — de grano corto de grano kor-to rice
short-grain rice
— glutinoso glooteenoso glutinous rice
— integral brown — salvaje salvo Khe wild — verde ver-de green made with rice
rice
rice,
poblano white cheese used in
quesadillas \-to-\t
maize
bandereeyas long
pi
barbacoa
Mexican-style is
steamed with vegetables, then baked in bebida
drink
— alcoholica berenjena
©
e-ka alcoholic drink
be-renkhe -iu aubergine-
betabel
beet > beetroot
birria
soupy stew made with
.
meat (usually goat) in a tomato-based broth
blanquillos
blan-Aeeyos eggs (also
.
huevosj
bo
bolillo
/ee-yo large, French-style
lamb
borrego
flour or cornflour, usually served
hot for breakfast
— de chocolate de choko/ate
(see also
corderoj
botana
appetiser bottle
skewer -kebab
brocheta
broccoli
brocoli thin porridge or gruel of
roll,
served with most meals
botella
asadero
atole
the fermented bark of the
balche tree
eggplant
cheese
chile
made from banderillas
the ground
Mexicana
la
bal
barbecue - a lamb, goat or chicken •
osrice
'Mexican
baka/oo cod - usually dried Mayan alcoholic drink
:
balche
flaky pastries
arandano
—a
meat & tequila
bacalao
wayox buey buhuelo fritter
tortilla-sized
sprinkled with sugar &
cinnamon
chocolate atole
— de fresa de strawberry atole — de nuez de nwes nut atole — de atole de vaw* fie -sa
vanilla
vainilla
atun
tuna
;
avena
.
«!
rolled oats -
a breakfast
staple usually served with milk
azafran
azucar
saffron a soo-kar
sugar
— blanca blanks white sugar — morena re-na brown sugar 158
goat milk-fed kid rubbed
cabrito with butter or
..hazelnut
avellana
cabra
oil
& seasoned with salt,
pepper & lime, then roasted whole on a
spit
cacahuates
;l
ka ka-wa tes peanuts
— japoneses kha po neses Japanesestyle peanuts,
covered with a crunchy
coating
cacao
cocoa
cafe
cafe
—a
coffee
•
— con leche — de olla
coffee with milk
:
coffee flavoured with
.
cinnamon & sweetened with
— expresso
e
piloncillo
espresso coffee
s
goat's milk caramel
cajeta
zucchini'
calabacita
la
Tampiqueha
la
tarn
pee ke nya
plate piled with a small piece of meat, chile poblano, a taco or enchilada,
beans,
guacamole & shredded lettuce
— de cerdo pork — de res de beef — de vaca de va-ka beef — paraasar — para taquearpo res
brisket
courgette
vegetable marrow
•
squid
calamar
confectionery
calaveras skulls
ra xa-ke-ar
pumpkin • squash
calabaza
eaten to celebrate the Day of the
Dead (2 November)
use
in
mutton
carnero
1
carnitas
J) pi
karneetas slow-simmered
chunks of seasoned pork served on tortillas with salsa,
— de azucar de ssoo-kar
skulls
made
from sugar t: skulls
rind' shell -husk
castaha
© kas-ranya chestnut
caza
made from chocolate
:
game (animals)
cebada caldo
do broth
-::
\
vegetable soup fiery
hot soup with
serrano peppers on top a
— para pelar pa boiled in a very
von r
a
p
canela
•
whole shrimp
t
weak broth,
milled & then
ka-ne-la
— morada mo-rc-da red onion
Spanish
supper 'dinner er-dc pig
cereal
cerveza
cinnamon
•
onion
cena cerdo
ka-mo-te sweet potato
D
— blancad/onka white onion — deCambray spring onion
prawn shrimp
served with lime
camote
barley
cebolla 1 se-bo-ya onion
— tlalpeho — xochitl camaron
chopped onion &
fresh coriander
cascara
— de chocolate de choko-te
meat for
tacos
•
pork
cereal ser-ve-sa beer
;
— amarga — clara blonde beer beer — de draught beer — oscura oskoo stout bitter
cangrejo
crab (also jaibaj
— moro mo-ro stone crab
-
•
light
barril
de azucar ka -nya de asookar
cana
sugar cane fried,
battered
meat
Mexican-
capulines
black
cherries
to
cardoon (vegetable similar
an
cider
Ian tro coriander • cilantro
plum
ciruela
— pasa
prune
clayuda
large, crisp tortilla
cocada
meat
— asada
thinly cut, broiled
tenderloin or steak, usually served with
rice,
fish,
(also spelled tlayudaj
artichoke)
came
sliced
cidra cilantro
bread pudding
cardo
cocktail with
shrimp, oysters or crab, mixed with onion,
coriander & tomato
or vegetables
capirotada style
ra
ceviche
capeado
& grilled sweet pepper strips, & guacamole
onion
beans
traditional
candy made
with coconut, eggs, milk, almonds
coco coctel
& sugar
coconut cocktail
— de camaron
shrimp
cocktail
159
cochinita
pibil
ko-cheeneeta pee bee/
pork cooked with achiote, red onions & orangejuice
codorniz col
cola
broose
las Brussels
o les
de
sprouts
koleeflor cauliflower
coliflor
comida
\.
komee da food
•
lunch (the
meal of the day, taken between
biggest
1pm - 4pm) comino
no cumin devainilla kon chasde ee
conchas vayneeya mini loaves topped with vanilla icing
choko/ate mini loaves topped with
chilli,
beans &
cheese
chamorro
leg of pork
marinated in adobo then oven-roasted at a very low heat
champihones mushrooms champurrado to atole
champee nyones
pi
cham-poo rado
similar
but made with chocolate, water
& cornflour chapulin
de chocolate Conchas de
conchas
small tortillas
made with cornflour,
de Bruselas
coles
shallot onion
chalupas
la tail
)
haba/
Cuba
s
.
libre
Cuba)
^'
cubiertos "
koobyerlos
cutlery
kwerno croissant
cuitlacoche
k
vee-tla/coche black corn
fungus (also huitlacochej culebra
curcuma
160
•;
chicharra
ba
chicharrones
cheecharones
ra cricket (insect)
street
vendors with a topping
•
flour-
chilaquiles tortillas
cheela/ceeles crisp
p|
topped with chicken, onion,
cream, fresh cheese & salsa breakfast choice
is
this
popular
sometimes made with
& chorizo • k chilli -a huge variety & dried chillies is available at
scrambled eggs chile
of fresh
Mexican markets, sometimes pickled &
— ancho
broad chilli' -so
named for its size & shape,
this chilli
has wrinkled, reddish-brown skin
koobyer-ta topping
cubierta
snap pea
>
sold in bottles
kooba leebre rum & cola
(also simply called
cuerno
crepes
'croquette
croqueta
se-ko green split pea
based fried snack •
corundas
— seco — verde
deep-fried pork rinds, usually sold by
beef& vegetable soup
ko-ra son heart
j r
cha-n pea
chicharo
koo/e bra snake koor-koovna turmeric
& is
most common form of dried chile poblano cayena ka-ye na cayenne the
— — chipotles smoke-dried version ofchile jalapeho — duke en adobo doolse en adobo '
sweet, non-spicy pickled chilli
— en nogada en no-go-da a green poblano stuffed with a stew of
chile
beef&
fruits,
topped with nogada &
decorated with pomegranate seeds guajillo gwa-khee-yo very hot, dried
—
— habanero abane
ro
such as
— jalapeho kha-la-pe-nyo Jalapeno
— mulato moo
-la
tortillas,
one or more staples
beans,
chillies
& atole
diente i de ajo dyente de o-kho clove
pepper, often eaten in pickled form
of garlic
to dried chile
dona
poblano - its almost-black colour means can be substituted for chilhuacle
negro
de-sa yoo no breakfast -
breakfast, including
extremely hot
type of chilli
it
fatee-les dates
desayuno §
Mexicans usually eat eggs or meat for
almost black in colour
chilli,
datiles
va
duke
doughnut
dool-se sweet •
candy
durazno 5 doo-ros-no peach
mole negro
in the dish
— pa-see ya dark, dried & very spicy used mole and marinades — poblano po-b/o-no medium-green pasilla
chile
in
to
purple-black
sometimes dried
chilli,
produce chile ancho this
to
& chile mulato -
mildly hot, arrow-shaped
chilli is
also
making stuffed peppers relleno green chile poblano stuffed with cheese, covered in egg batter used
for
—
:
& fried
— serrano se-rono
fiery
green
chilli
in
very dark, spicy strain of chilhuacle, a chilli
bell
— tierno fyerno sweet corn
empanada I
em-pa-no-da posfry turnover
meat & vegetable filling,
with a savoury
baked or fried, or filled with
& served
about the shape & size of a small
onion
encurtidos
enkoorfeedos
pi
de Jaiba cheel pachole
de khai-ba a soup made with crab chirimoya lee-ree mo-ya custard apple ' cherimoya
table
condiment consisting of a bowl of chillies marinated in vinegar, combined with
& other vegetables
onions, carrots
pepper
chilpachole
fruit
as a dessert
encebollado en-se-bo-yo-do served with
moles & salsa chilhuacle negro cheel-wo-kle negro used
elote s e/ote maize • corn
en-chee/odasmeotor
enchiladas
cheese wrapped in
in tortillas
red or green salsa, cream
& smothered & melted
i
chocolate
oaxaquenochoko/ote
wa-kha/ce-nyo chocolate from Oaxaca
mixed with hot milk
chongos sa
zamoranos chon gos
mo -ro-nos popular dessert of curdled
milk, sugar,
choriqueso
cinnamon & egg yolks chorizo&
melted cheese spicy pork sausage,
with eggs as breakfast, or cooked
with potatoes as a
chuletas
— decerdo — de res churro with sugar
— adobadas
a
enchiladas
adobo sauce
in
do 60 das beef or chicken
— queretanas kerefo-nas
fresh
enchiladas topped with shredded lettuce
& other raw vegetables
— rojas
khas meat or cheese
enchiladas with a red chile ancho sauce, the most popular enchiladas on
chorizo fried
cheese
filling for
tacos
chops pork chops small beefsteaks
long doughnut covered
menus
— suizas style
mild & creamy Swiss-
enchiladas
filled
cheese, served with
with chicken or
creamy green tomato
sauce
— verdes
.
des served with a delicate
green tomatillo sauce
161
endivia
© endeevya endive
enebro eneldo
e-bro juniper
Jo
dill
ee-kho/o-do/a
describes anything cooked in a
sauce,
most commonly corn
tortillas in
Mexicana fee/ete
la
a
mekheekana grilled white fish a
cream & crumbed
cheese
la
with a
tomato-based sauce a caramel egg custard
flan
& covered in a
flavoured with vanilla
syrupy topping
enmolado/a
— napolitano na-poleero no whiter
enmo/odo/a
I
describes anything
cooked in a mole
& thicker than
the custard-style
flan,
sometimes flavoured with liqueur
sauce
ensalada
Caesar salad,
se-sar
named
inventor Cesar Cardini, an Italian
its
tube-shaped tacos
flautas
da salad
— Cesar after
a
filete
bean
smooth black bean sauce & topped with thinly sliced onions,
pheasant
faisan "
enfrijolado/a
topped with chicken meat, deep-fried & served with cream, cheese & green or red
sauce
immigrant to Mexico
— de verduras de ver dooras salad
flor
de calabaza
de
flor
ka-la-ba-sa
large squash flowers used in soups
of cooked vegetables, a mix of fresh
&
other dishes vegetables, or a combination of the
— mixta meek
sta
two
mix of lettuce, red
tomatoes, cucumber, peas, avocado & fresh
onion rings
entrada
as
corn maize molido mo lee-do de-husked dried maize kernels with the germ removed, alcoholic beverages such as
—
usually softened in boiling water
langosta I langosta lobster laurel
lavanda
\avan-da lavender
leche
full
gwa tongue \engwado sole (fish)
lenguado lentejas
?n-re-khas
I
brown lentils
— rojas ro-khas red — verdes des green
lentils
vei
levadura
•.',>
lentils
door a yeast
licores
lee-to-res spirits
lichi
chee lychee
-
liebre
b',
,
•
e-nos brakes frenos frente a frente a opposite
fresa
title
fa/ta fault
falta
franela 2 frane-la flannel f reir f reeer fry ;
del coche fak foora del
factura
-.
fol/c/oreeko/a folk
foyeto brochure forma shape
profit
ganar qa nar win earn gar oansos garbanzos •
chickpeas
garganta gasolina
gar ganta rhroaf gaso/eena petrol
229
gasolinera
guia
gatito a
gato a gay ;-
jef a gu/de (person)
^eea guidebook
guia
— del ocio del o-syo
cat
.
gay
.
entertainment guide khe
gemelos
H
Tten
•
--
gelatina
gway mate -pal
guey
;aso-lee-ne-ra
service station
a
tee
as
gelatin
tunstica::: rees-tee-ka guidebook guion gee-Ofl script
general
guitarra
twins
general
gente gimnasia
:izple
gjitar
gusanos de maguey goosa-nos de ma-gay cactus worms
heemnosya
•
—
r khe-p-f
:
gymnastics ginebra ~eene-brag/n ginecologo a -ee-ne-fco-lo-go/
gustar goostar
like
•
'oecologist
zyeta roundabout
glorieta
gobiernc goggles
;
g
;;
.
e
r
nment
ges goggles
ma gum a
:
gotas
.
gramo
gra-ba-spori ;
granae
•
granja
r
ecording
mo gram
z
:;-•--
farmer
•
khashees hash sya towards
hachis
:
z
halal \na-lal halal
hamaca hambre harina
granola
muesli
grasa grasa gratis
fat
(meat)
•
gree-pe
in fluenza
sre hunger
a-ree-na flour
hechado a
a a perder perder off (spoiled)
shout
a
echo
f
a
made
— a mano ~ia no handmade — de (algodon) de a
grupo zzopo band de rock de rok rock group sanguineo san geene-o
heladena
blood group guantes
helado
— —
a
g
.
.
made of (cc/ e-la-de-ree-a
ice-cream parlour tes
a
g
guardarropa cloakroom
guardena
-
hasta (junio) zs ta i/cnoo-nyoi until
hecho
grey re* \
zkb hammock
=
z
grease
~ree (of charge)
•
gripe
hablar a-olar speak • talk hacer a - zz make hacia
jrge
gran-kha farm
granjero a
room
single
para los ojos go taspo-ra E e drops
grabacion
guapo
beeta-syon
•
-ble
goma
gritar
a
room bedroom
— doble do double room — individual een-dee-vee dwa/
gol
gordo
H habitacion
,-.
z
;.-.
gloves
oo a gorgeous ar-daropa
g
childminding service • creche guerra gt a war r
r ct :
hepatitis
herida
hermana hermano hermoso heroina
e
eam
pa tee tecs hepatitis
e -ee-da injury -
e -~>a
na
sister
er-mo- no brother zeautiful
a
ero-ee-na heroin
ye
hielo
hierbas
[
higado
;
lo ice
yer-bas herbs
p
ee-ga-do
eego
higo
liver
identificacion
fig
ee-den-tee-fee-ka-syon identification
Z ee-kha daughter eekho son hijo hija
hijos 3
pi
dental
.:
S I ee-dyo-ta /d/of eeg/esya church
id iota 3
ee-khos children
dental eelo den
hilo
"'ee-dyo-mas languages
idiomas
fa/
iglesia
same eegwaldod
igual ee-gwal
igualdad
floss
I
equality
hindu een-doo
/-//'ndu
— de oportunidadesde
hipodromo
eepodromo
oportooneedodes equal opportunity
racetrack (horses) historico/a
;
I eesroreeko/a
khokee hockey
;
— sobre hielo sobreyelo
o/anda Netherlands
ombre man
incendio
om-bro shoulder
incluido/a
de maizo/chwelasde
maees
corn flakes
Holanda
hombre hombro
\
1
homosexual ' S homosexual hora
omosekswo/
oraryo timetable
— de serviciode serueesyo —
—
private hospital
included
een -^omodo/a
uncomfortable India 3
eendya
indicador
India
eendeekador indicator eendeekhesryon
indigestion
industria I eendoostrya industry
infeccion T eenfeksyon infection
— de garganta de gar gonta thrush
een flamasyon
inflamacion
inflammation
eenformoteeka eenformafeevo
informatica
IT
current affairs
o telereea hospitality
hoyoy fodoy hueso we so bone huevo we vo egg humanidades
oomaneedodes
eensendyo fire eenklooeedo/a
informativo
o-tel hotel
hoteleria
;
indigestion
opening hours
hormiga ormeega ant horno or no oven de microondasde mee-kroondas microwave oven horoscopo oroskopo horoscope hospital ospeefa/ hospital privadopreevodo hotel
—
incomodo/a
ora time -hour
horario
ro/ncoaf
impermeable eempermeoble importante eem-por-fan-te important impuesto Z eempwesto tax sobre la renta sobre la renta income tax
o-kha leaf • sheet (of paper)
hojuelas
beseel fool
waterproof
hockey
ice
hoja
eem
impermeable § eempermeoble
historical
hockey
v
imbecil
humanities
ingenieria
eenkhe nyereea
engineering
ingeniero/a
eenkhenyero/a
engineer Inglaterra ingles
eenglafe
ra
England
een-g/es English (language)
231
eengredyente
ingrediente
kha rabe tos) cough medicine khardeen garden jardi'n botanico bo-taneeko botanic garden de ninos de neenyos jarabe (para (pora
ingredient
injusto/a
eenkhoosto/a
inmigracion
eenmeegrasyon
unfair
immigration
eense gooro/a
unsafe
eenspekro/7
inspector(a)
eenspek- to- ra
ticket collector
— —
inocente eenosente innocent inseguro/a
la
tos)
la
•
kindergarten jarra
kha-rajar
jeep
yeepjeep khe-fe/a employer
jefe/a
•
manager
inspector
eenstrookfo/7
instructor(a)
eens-trookrora instructor intentar eententar
try
(attempt)
interesante een te re sante interesting
internacional
eenternasyono/
eenternet/nfernef
eenferprete
interprete interpreter
inundacion
kherga wash cloth jeringa kbereen-ga syringe jitomate kheetomate tomato joven khoven young jerga
khoyereea7'eive//ery
joyen'a
khoobee/ado/a
jubilado/a
international
Internet
khenkheebre ginger
jengibre
eenoondasyon
retired
•
pensioner
judio/a
I
khoodeeo/a Jewish
juego de computadora khwe-go de kompootadoracompLyfe/-
game
flooding
olimpicos khwegos oleempeekos Olympic Games
juegos
eenvyerno w/nfer invitar eenveefannwfe inyeccion eenyeksyon injection
juez
inyectar eenyekfan'ny'ecr
jugar khoogar play (sport/games)
invierno
ir
eergo
— de compras de kompras go shopping — de excursion de ekskoorsyon hike
las cartas a las /cartas
play (cards)
khoogojuice
jugo
— de naranja de narankha orange juice
Irlanda irritacion isla
—a
khwesjudge
eer/anda Ireland eereetasyon rash
ees-la island
itinerario
khoogetereea
toyshop juntos/as
eeteeneroryo itinerary
IVA ee va sales tax izquierda ees/cyerda
jugueten'a
/choontos/as
together
left
K kilo
jabon
khabonsoap
jalar khalarpull
232
kee\o kilogram
kee/ometro kilometre keewee kiwifruit
kilometro kiwi
jamon
Vhamonham
kleenex
Japon
khapon Japan
kosher /cosher kosher
kleeneks
tissues
lee-bre-ree-a
libreria
labyos
labios
lado
— de frases de fra-ses phrasebook — de oraciones de orasyones
lips
la-do side
ladron
la-dron thief
lagartija
I
lago
prayer book
lagarfeekha small lizard
lamentar la-men-far regref lana /a-na wool
de motor /ancha de
lipstick
larga distancia lar-ga dees-fan-sya
long-distance
lastimar las-tee-mar lata
/a-ta
lavadora
can
•
A7t/rr
•
p/'c/c
up
/ee-ma //me
deequipaje/eemeetede
e-kee-pa-khe baggage allowance
leemon lemon
i
lee-mo-na-da lemonade
limonada washing
la-van-de-ree-a
laundry • laundrette
wash (something) lavarse la-var-se wash (oneself)
lavar la-var
limosnero/a
lee-mos-ne-ro/a
/e-che m///c
skimmed milk \echooga
lechuga
/eem-pyo/a c/ean
limpio/a
Knea
/ee-ne-a //ne
d/a/ fone •
/ees-to/a ready
listo/a
local \o-kal local
iocion lettuce
leer leer read
para despues del afeitado
losyon para des-pwes del a-fay-fa-do aftershave
legal legal legal
loco/a
legislacion
lodo
le-khees-la-syon
legislation
/o-ko/a crazy
/o-do
mad lomoreeses worms
lombrices
legoombre vegetable
legumbre
•
leenferna torch
linterna flashlight
— de soya de soya soy milk — descremadades-kre-ma-da
rejos/ekhos far lena /e-nya firewood lentejas
lubricante
loo-bree-fcante
lubricant
luces
/oo-ses
//'ghfs
len-fe-khas lentils
lentes
/en-tes glasses
— de contacto de kon-fa/c-to
contact lenses
— de sol de
sol sunglasses
lento/a slow
lento/a
lesbiana libra
up
lee/che-ro/a
beggar
lavanderia
ley
/ee-der leader
S
light (of weight)
lima
limon
f/'n
la-va-do-ra
machine
leche
h'der
limite
/ar-go/a /ong
largo/a
university
ligero/a
la-pees pencil
— labial /a-byal
leesensyafoora
licenciatura
ligar lee-gar chat
mo-for motorboat lapiz
de manejo leesensya de
licencia
ma-ne-kho drivers licence
la-go lake
lancha
bookshop
/ee-bro doo/c
libro
lay
lesbeeana
lesbian
law
lee-bra
pound (money)
libre /eebre free fnof
bound)
luchar loo-char fight lugar
loo-gar p/ace
— de nacimiento de naseemyento
place of birth
lujo
/oo-kho /uxury
luna
/oo-na
moon
— de miel de myel honeymoon — Ilena ye-na moon full
luz
loos
//'ghf
233
manohand
mano
LL yamada
llamada por cobrar kobrar collect call
por
llamar ya-marcall por telefono por te/efono telephone • ring
—
LL
yan
llanta
machine
mar sea maravilloso/a a wonderful
mar
llenar yenarfill
ye no/a
booked out crowded •
llevar ye-var carry
yoovya
•
•
full
rake (awayi
•
wear
ra/'n
M masela pot (for plant) macheesmo machismo mach/smo ma-de-ra wood madera madre mother madre maceta
maestro/a
mago/a
maestro/a teacher ma-go/a magician
maeescorn ma/eta suitcase maleta malo/a ma\o/abad mai'z
mama mum mamograma mamogroma mama
mammogram mahana manyana morning mahana manyana tomorrow — en la manana en la manyona tomorrow morning
— en noche en tomorrow evening — en tarde en la
la
la
no-che
234
(protest)
maraveeyoso/ markasyon
directa direct-dial
ma rkador scoreboard marcador markaposos marcapasos pacemaker ma-re-a tide marea mareado/a 1 mare-ado/a dizzy
•
seasick
mareo
mareo travel sickness margareena
margarina margarine marihuana
mareewana
marijuana
mariposa martillo
mareeposa butterfly marfeeyo hammer
mas mas more
— cercano/a
mas ser/cono/a
nearest
masaje
masakhe massage masa/crieesta
masajista
masseur/masseuse
matar matarkill
ma
freekoola
car registration
ma treemonyo
matrimonio far-de
mango mango manee festasyon
manifestacion demonstration
marcacion deerekta
matricula la
tomorrow afternoon mandarina mandareena mandarin mandi'bula man deeboolay'aw
mango
map
ma-keeyokhe make-
—
y^gar arrive
lluvia
pa
ma-keena machine maquina de tabaco de taboko cigarette
yegadas arrivals
lleno/a
ma
mapa up
— del agua del o-gwa faucet
llegadas
man-re/ tablecloth mantel mante/ceeya butter mantequilla manoobryo handlebar manubrio mansa-naapp/e manzana
maquillaje
ta tyre
yavekey
Have
llegar
manfeka lard
manteca
marriage
mayonesa
mayonesa mayonnaise mecanico/a mechanic
medianoche
me/coneeko/a
medyanoche
midnight
medicina
medeeseena
medicine
ambiente medyo am-byen r.e environment
medio medio
litro
half a
modem modem
medyo /ee-tro
modem
me-dyo/a half
mojado/a monasterio
litre
medio/a mediodia medios
mocheela mochila backpack • knapsack
me-dyo-dee-a noon
de comunicacion
medyos de ko-moo-nee-ka-syon media
mekheeyones
mejillones mussels
mejor me-khor better best melodia I me-lo-dee-a tune me-/on melon melon cantaloupe kanta/oop
mo-kha-do/a wet
monasteryo
monastery
monedas
mo-ne-das coins
monkha nun monja mon-ra-nya mountain montana montar montar ride
M
monoomento
monumento
•
—
cantaloupe
|
menstruation mentiroso/a
men-tee-ro-so/a
liar
me-noo menu
mer/ca-do market mercado merme/o-da mermelada jam marmalade mes month mes mesa foi»/e mesa •
me-se-ro/a wa/'fer mesero/a me-se-ta plateau meseta
metal
me-ta/ mefa/
meterpuf meter un gol oon gol kick a goal metro metre subway metro mezclar mesklar mix mes/ceeta mosque mezquita mi mee my myel honey miel
—
•
myembro member meegranya migraine
miembro migraha
mee/eemetro
milimetro millimetre militar
morado/a mordedura
morado/a purple mordedoora
bite (dog)
menos me-nos less mensokhe message mensaje men strwasyon menstruacion
menu
monument
meeleefar
military
meeyon million minuto meenooto minute mirador meerador lookout mirar mee rar look watch — los aparadores los aparadores millon
•
window-shopping meesa mass misa
moreton
mo-re-ton bruise
;
morir mo-reerdie
moskeetero mosquitero mosquito net mosquito j mos/cee-to mosquito mos-fa-sa mustard mostaza mos-tra-c/or counter mostrador mostrar mosfrar show mota
mo-ta pot (marijuana) motosee/c/eta motocicleta motorcycle motor motor engine
muchos/as
;
moochos/as
many mudo/a
moo-do/a mufe mwe-bles furniture muebles mwe-la foofh (back) muela mwerto/a dead muerto/a rr\oo-kher woman mujer multa
mundo
mool-ta fine
moon-do world
muneca
moo-nye-ka doll • wrist
murallas
moorayas city walls mooskoolo muscle moo-se-o museum mooseeka music
musculo
museo musica musico
moosee-ko musician
musulman/musulmana moo-sool-mon/moo-soolmona Muslim
muy mooy very muy (caro/a)
mooy
(/co-ro/a)
too (expensive)
235
novya
novia
novio
no-vyo boyfriend
nacionalidad
nube
noobe cloud
nasyonaleedad
nationality
nada na-da none nothing •
N
girlfriend
N
nadar na-darswim na-rankha orange naranja naranja na-rankha orange (colour) narees nose natoo-ra/esa nature naturaleza
nariz
natooropateea
naturopatia
naturopathy
nowsea nausea
nausea nauseas
embarazo emba-raso morning
del
nowseas
del
sickness
navaja
na -vakha penknife
de razurar navakhas de rasoorar razor blades Navidad navee-dad navajas
Christmas Day
nublado noo blado cloudy nwe-ses nuts nueces crudas kroodas raw nuts tostadas tosfadas roasted nuts
— —
nwes-Xro/a our
nuestro/a
Nueva
Zelandia nwe-va selandya New Zealand
nuevo/a nwevo/a new nuez de la India nwes de la een-dya cashew nut
noomero number
numero
— de habitacion de bee tasyon room number — de pasaporte de pasaporte a
passport number
— de placa
dep/oka number nunca noonka never license plate
neblinoso nebleenoso foggy
nesesoryo/a
necesario/a necessary
necesitar nesesee-farneed
negar negardeny negar(se) negar(se) refuse negativos negafeevos negatives
negocios negro/a nieto/a
nieve ninera
nino/a
nihos
(film)
negosyos
business
negro/a black nyeto/a grandchild
nyeve snow neenyera babysitter neenyo/a child neenyos children
no no no no fumar no foomar non-smoking noche noche evening Nochebuena no-che-bwe-na Christmas Eve
nombre
nombre name first name
— de pila de peela
norte
norte north nosotros/as nosotros/as we noticias
236
nofee-syas news
o oor
obkheteevo
objetivo
lens
obra o-bra play obrero/a obre-ro/a labourer manual worker oceano oseano ocean •
ocupado/a okoopa-do/a busy oeste oeste west ofee-seena
oficina
office
— de correos de koreos post office
— de turismo de tooreesmo tourist office
— de objetos perdidos de ob/chetos perdeedos office
oir
oeer hear
ojo
okho
ola
o-la
eye
wave
o\er oler smell
olor
o-lor smell
lost property
panadereea
bakery
olvidar ol-vee-dar forget
panaderia
opera opera opera operacion o-pe-ra-syon operation
pantaletas panta/etas underpants (women)
operator/
operador(a)
o-pe-ra-dora operator
opinion o-peenyon opinion oporto oporto port (wine) oportunidad o-portoonee-dad chance oracion orasyon prayer \
orden or-den order (placement) orden orden order (command) ordenar or-denar order oreja
o-rekha ear or-gas-mo orgasm
orgasmo
original o-ree-khee-na/ original
orquesta oscuro/a
or/cesta orchestra os-koo-ro/a dar/c
ostion
os-tyon oyster
otono
oronyo autumn
otra vez o-tra ves again
otro/a
o-tro/a of/ier
oveja o-ve-kha sheep oxi'geno oksee-khe-no oxygen
pan-ta-ya screen
pantalla
panta/ones
pantalones pants
•
trousers
— de mezclilla de mes/c/eeya
yeans
pantimedias panteeme-dyas pantyhose stockings •
pantiprotectores
pan-tee-protektores panty liners panal pa-nyal nappy diaper papa papa potato •
Papa papa Pope papa papa dad Papanicolaou pa paneeko/oiv pap smear pa-pel paper
papel
— higienico ee/chyeneeko toilet
paper
— para cigarros pa
ra
see garos
cigarette papers
paquete pa-ke-te package packet parapara for siempre syempre forever parabrisas parabreesas •
—
windscreen
pacheco/a
pa-che-ko/a stoned-
padre father padres parents padrisimo/a padreesee-mo/a great
pagar pa-gar pay pagina pokheena page pais
pajaro palabra palacio
pogo payment pa-ees country
pokharo
bird
pa/obra word pa/osyo palace palillo pa/eeyo toothpick pan pan bread de levadura fermentada de levadoora fermenrada sourdough integral een-te-gra/ brown bread tostado tos fa do foasf
—
— —
stop
— de camiones de kamyo-nes
high
padre padres
pago
parada
parada
I
bus stop
paragwas umbrella
paraguas
paraplejico/a pa-ra-p/e-kheeko/a paraplegic
parar parar stop
pared
pared wall
pareja
pa
parlamento
re- k ha
(inside)
pair (couple)
parlamento
parliament paro pa ro dole parque par -be park nacional nasyo-na/ national park parte par te parf
—
partido party
pasado
parfeedo match
(sport)
•
(political)
pasadopasf
237
pasado mahana pasado manyana day after tomorrow pasajero pasakhero passenger pasaporte pasaporte passport
pelea
Pascua pas-kwa foster pase pase pass de abordar de abordar
dangerous pelo pe-lo hair pelota pe/ota ball
—
p
boarding pass pase o ride
pa so step pasta pasta pasta de dientes pasta de dyen-tes
—
toothpaste pastel cake
— de bodas de bo-das wedding cake — de cumpleanos de koomplea nyos
pastelen'a pastillas
birthday cake
pastelereea cake shop pasteeyas pills
•
— en color en ko/or colour film peleegroso/a
peligroso/a
— de golf de golf golf ball pe loo/cero/a
barber pe-ne penis
hairdresser
pene
•
pensar pen -sar think pensyon boarding house pension pepino pepeeno cucumber
pequeno/a
pe/ce-nyo/a small*
tiny
per a pear pera perder per -der lose perdido/a per dee do/a
perdonar perdonar
lost
forgive
pe-re-kheel parsley
perejil
— antipaludicas
perfume
anteepa/oodee-kasanf/'ma/ar/a/
periodico
per-rbo- me
perfume
peryodeeko
newspaper
tablets
— de menta de men-ta mints — para dormirpara dormeer sleeping
peryodeesta
periodista journalist
permiso
permeeso
pills
pasto pfls-to grass pate pare pate (food) patear pa-te-or kick
permission • permit de trabajo de trabakho work permit permitir permeereer allow • permit
patinar pafeenar rollerblading
peropero but
pateeneta skateboard
patineta
pato
pa to duck pa vo turkey pay pie pas peace
pavo pay paz peaton peaton pedestrian pecho pecho chest pechuga pechooga breast (poultry)
— de polio de po-yo chicken breast pedal
pedazo
pedal pedal
pedaso piece
pedir pedeer ask
(for
something)
— aventon avenfon hitchhike — prestado presfado borrow
pedo
pe-do fart peinar paynar comb peine payne comb
238
•
peluquero/a
paseo paso
pastel
pe;ea fight quarrel pe/eekoola film movie
pelicula
—
perro/a pe ro a dog perro guia pero gee-a guide dog persona person persona
pesado/a heavy pesado/a pesar pesar weigh pesas pesas weights pesca peska fishing
peskadereea
pescaden'a shop
fish
peskado fish (as food) pescado peso weight peso pefate mat petate peticion peteesyon petition pez pes fish picadura
peekadoora
(insect)
pico pie
peeko pickaxe pye foot
bite
piel
pila
politician
pyels/c/'n
pierna
pee/dora fbe
Pill
pee-myen-ta pepper
pimienta (spice)
pee-myen-to pepper
pimiento (bell)
pina I pee-nya pineapple peen pon fab/e renn/'s ping pong pintar peer\-tar paint peenfor/peen-fo-ra pintor(a) [
po/nfe/-
peen-too-ra painting
pintura
pinzas
pi
pyo/e
piolet
piso
/'ce
axe
pee-so floor
pista
pees-ta racetrack (runners)
pistache
[
plancha
\
pees-fa-che pistachio
p/on-cha /ron
planetap/anef p/ano/a //at planta plant
plata
pregunta pregoonta question preguntar pregoontar ask
p/a-ta s/7ver
plataforma pla-ta-for-ma platform platano p/atano banana plateado/a plateado/a s/'/ver plato
pla-lo plate
president
presyon pressure ar-te-ryal blood pressure prevenir preveneer prevent primavera pree-ma-ve-ra presion
— —
pluma
— arterial
p/oomapen
pobrepo-bre poor pobreza po-bre-sa poverty pocos/as
spring (season)
primer ministro preemer meeneestro prime minister primera ministra preemera meeneestra prime minister primera clase preemera klase
po-kos/asrew
poder poder power poder po-der (to be) able • can
policia politica
policy
poeseea
poetry
polcn pollen poleeseeapo//ce [>o /eeteeka politics
(a question)
preocupado/a pre-o-koopado/a worried preocuparse por preokooparse por care about something preparar prepa-rar prepare presidente/a preseedente/a
playa p/aya beac/i playera playera 7-sh/rt plaza p/a-sa market de toros de foros bullring mayor mayor main square
poesia polen
por-tarblyos briefcase portero/a porte-ro/a goalkeeper • concierge posible poseeble possible postal f postal postcard poster pos-ter poster pozo po-so w/e// precio i pre-syo price de entrada de en frada admission price preferir pre fe-reer prefer
plas-leeko plastic
plastico
por (dfa) por (dee-a) per fdayj por ciento por syento percent por que por ke why por via aerea por vee-a a-e-re-a by airmail poroleek poro porque porke because
—
(for clothing)
planeta plano/a planta
ponchar pon-char puncture poner ponerput popular popoolar popular poquer po-ker poker
portafolios
peen-sas freezers
pyo-khos//ce
piojos
po-\eesa policy (insurance) po-yo chicken
poliza polio
pyer-na /eg pee-la battery (small)
pildora
po/eetee-ko/a
politico/a
pye-dra stone
piedra
first
class
preemero/a preenseepa/ma/n
primero/a •
principal
prisa preesa in a hurry
first
3 239
•
prisionero/a
pree-syo-ne-ro/a
prisoner
preevado/a
privado/a
private
probadores pro-ba-do-res changing room probar pro-bar try producir prodooseer produce congelados productos pro-doo/c-tos kon-khe-/a-dos
profbon-do/a deep
pro-grama programme
programa promesa
—
sin seen run out of quejarse ke-khar-se complain
quemadura
— de sol de
kemadoora sol
burn
sunburn
quemar ke-mar burn
frozen foods
profundo/a
ke what quedarse ke-darse stay (remain)
que
pro-me-sa promise
prometida pro-me-fee-da fiancee prometido pro-me-fee-do fiance pronto pron -to soon propietaria
pro-pye-rarya
landlady propietario landlord
pro-pye-ta-ryo
querer kerer want
queso
ke-so cheese
— cottage ko-tash cottage cheese — crema krema cream cheese — de cabra de /cobra goat's cheese
quien kyen who quincena keensena fortnight quiste ovarico/cees-te o-vareeko ovarian cyst
propina propeena tip (gratuity) prorroga pro-ro-ga extension (visa) proteger pro-xekher protect protegido/a prote/c/ieedo/a protected protesta pro-festa protest protestar pro-tes-far protest provisiones proveesyones
quizas keesas perhaps
radyador radiator
radiador
ralee
rally
rally
rapido/a
ra-pee-do/a fast-
provisions
quick
proyector
pro-yek-ror projector
prueba prwe-ba test de embarazo de em-ba-raso pregnancy test kit pruebas nucleares
—
prwe-bas noo-kle-o-res nuclear
pweblo pwente
racquet
raro/a rare • strange
unusual rasfreeyo razor
rastrillo
rastro
puerta puerto puesta
pwerta door
village
rata
bridge
raton raza
pwer-xo harbour • porf
de
sol ptvesta
de
sol
sunset
de periodicospvvestode peryodeekos news stand pulga poo/ga flea puesto
pulmones pool mones lungs punto poonto point puro pooro cigar
240
ra-ke-ta
raro/a
ras-xro track (footprints)
rasurarse rasoororse shave
testing
pueblo puente
puro/a
raqueta
pooro/a pure
rata rat ra-ton
mouse
razon
rasa race (people) rason reason
realista
realeesta
recamara
realistic
reka-ma-ra bedroom
recibir re-see-beer receive re-see- bo receipt readable reseek/able recyclable
recibo
reciclar re-see-klar recycle
recientemente resyentemente recently
recoleccion re-ko-lek-syon fruit
contra mosquitos
repelente
de fruta de froo-ta
re-pe-/en-te /contra mos/cee-tos
mosquito repellent
picking
recomendar re-ko-men-dar recommend
repetir re-pe-feer repeat
reconocer re-konoser recognise
republica
recordar re-kor-dar remember
reservacion
guiado
recorrido
re-ko-ree-do
recostarse rekos-tar-se
lie
(not stand)
red net
redondo/a re-don-do/a round reembolsar re-em-bol-sar refund reembolso reem-6o/so refund referencia
re -fe-ren-sya reference
refractario
re-frak-fa-ryo
refresko
refresco
refrigerador
bowl
sofjtflrink
re-free-khe-ra-dor
refrigerotor
refugee
shower
re-ga-de-ra
regalar re-ga/ar give a
regalo
regalo
gift
wedding present reglas
reglas rules
rayna queen re-lasyon relationship
rela/dw-se
relax
relee-khyon religion
religion
religioso/a
re-lee/chyo-so/a
religious
reliquia reloj
relic
remo rowing
remoto/a renta
remo-to/a remote
renta rent
— de coches de /co-ches car hire rentar ren-far hire
reparar
toxicos reseedwos
tok-see-kos toxic waste re-sor-te spring (wire)
resorte
res-pa/-do back (of chair)
respaldo
respirar respeerar breathe
respuesta res-pwes-ta answer restaurante res-tow-rante restaurant revisar re-vee-sar check
rey
re-vees-ta
magazine
ray king
re
rico/a
ree-ko/a rich
riesgo
•
renf
parar repair
repartir re-par-reer deal (cards)
•
wealthy
ryes-go risk ree-o river
reet-mo rhythm robar ro-bar rob • steal
ritmo roca
ro-
rock
rok rock (music)
ka rock
ro-dee-ya knee
rokho/a red
rojo/a
romanteeko/a
romantico/a romantic
romper romper break ron ron rum ropa
re/ee-kya
relokh clock
— de pulsera de pool-sera watch remo
res-free-a-do cold (illness)
residuos
rodilla
reeer laugh
relacion relajarse
reserve
resfriado
rio
gift
— de bodas de bo-das
reir
•
rezar re-sar worship
regadera
reina
R
reservation
revista
refoo/chyado/a
refugiado/a
shelf
repoobleeka republic reservasyon
reservar re-ser-var book
gee-a-do guided tour red
repeesa
repisa
ro-
pa clothing
— de cama de bedding — interior eenteryor underwear /ca-rna
rosa ro-sa pink
rosadura
rosadoora nappy rash
roto/a
ro-to/a broken
rueda
rweda wheel
ruidoso/a
rwee-do-so/a loud
noisy
ruinas ruta
rwee nas ruins rooia route
241
segoondo/a
segundo/a sabana sa-ba na sheet Sabbath sabat Sabbath
second (place) social se gooree-dad seguridad
(bed)
so-syal social welfare
Semana
Santa Holy Week
sa/oryo rate of pay • salary salcneecha sausage salchicha ex/'r
semee-dee-re/c-to/a
con saleer kon date
(a
person)
non-direct
sendero senos
beauty sa/on
chilli
saltarjump salood health
sentarse senfarses/f senteemyentos sentimientos feelings
sentir sen-fee/- feel
separado/a
separado/a separate
salvar sa\-var save
separar separar separate ser ser be
sandalias
serie
san-da-lyas sandals
sandia san-dee-a watermelon sangrar sangrar bleed sangre sangre blood santo/a santo/a saint sarampion sarampyon measles sarten sarfen frying pan • pan sastre
sastre tailor
sauna
sowna sauna
secar sekardry secretario/a
sekrefaryo/a
secretary
segundo
se rye series
•
TV series
seryo/a serious
serio/a
seropositivo/a
seroposeefeevo/a HIV positive serpiente
serpyente snake
servicio militar mee-lee-farm/V/tary serw'ce
serveeyeta napkin sekseesmo sexism sexismo seksosex sexo seguro segooro safe sex
servilleta
—
sexy seksee sexy
sed thirst sed seda sedu silk seguido se -gee-do often seguir segeer follow
242
senseebeeleedad
speed
sensible senseeblesens/'b/e sensual seo-swal sensual
sa/sa sauce
— de soya de soya soy sauce — picante peekan-te sauce
salud
se -nos breasts
sensibilidad film
de saleer de depart salmon salmon salmon salon de belleza sa Ion de beyea salir
saltar
[
•
go our w/rh
salsa
senyal sign senseeyo/a simple sen-de-ro path
serial
sencillo/a
'departure
sa/yente /edge
saliente salir
do balance (account)
sa/ee-da
santa
semidirecto/a
sa/omee salami
sal
semana
sembrar sembrar plant
salario
salida
semaforos
traffic lights
de espera sa la de es-pe-ra waiting room detransito salade sala franseeto transit lounge
saldo
stamp
semaforos
saia
salami
se-goo-ro/a safe
se-yo
sello
salsa/f
sal
segooro insurance
seguro seguro/a
saber saber know (something) sa-bro-so/a tasty sabroso/a saser-do-te priest sacerdote
segoondo second (time)
si
see
si
see yes
if
SIDA
sec-da AIDS
sidra
seedra cider
siempre syempre always
see-ya chair
silla
— de montar de montor saddle — de ruedas de rwe-das wheelchair
similar see-mee-lar similar
simpatico/a
I
swel-do :
suerte
swer-te luck
suficiente soo-fee-syen-te
premenstrual
synthetic
de
taxis seetyo
supermercado
soo-per-mer/co-do
supermarket
seen-dro-me pre-men-sfrwa/ premenstrual tension seen-ga-poor Singapore Singapur seen-fetee-ko/a sintetico/a sitio
enough
sufrir soo-freer suffer
seenagoga synagogue
sinagoga sindrome
swer-too-do/a lucky
swe-Xer jumper • sweater
sueter
— hogar o-gar homeless — plomo p/o-mo unleaded
wage
I swel-to/a loose
suertudo/a
seen without
taxi
swe-gro father-in-law
suelto/a
seem-pa-tee-ko/a
nice sin
swe-gra mother-in-law
suegra suegro sueldo
de tak-sees
soopersteesyon
supersticion superstition
soor south
sur
surfear sorfe-ar surf
suvenir
soo-veneer souvenir
z
stand
sobornar so-bor-nar bribe so-oomo bribe soborno so-bre envelope sobre sobresobre about sobredosis sobre-do-sees
tabaco tabako tobacco tabaqueria ta-ba-keree-a tobacconist
overdose sobrevivir sobre-vee-veer survive socialista
surfboard
D so-sya/ees-ta
sol
soldier
talla
taller
so-pa soup sordo/a sordo/a deaf sorpresa sorpresa surprise su soo his her • their • your (polite) •
submarinismo diving
soobfeetoolos
soosyo/a
layer workshop
tapon bath plug tapon tanga ton-ga g-string tapones para los oidos tapones pora los o-eedos earplugs taquilla
ta /ceeya ticket office
for-de afternoon
tarde tarde late
dirty
ookoorso/ branch
to-ya size (clothes)
tampoco tam-po-ko neither tampones tampones tampons
tarde
subtitles
sudar soo dar perspire
de be-be
tama-nyo size tambien tam-byen also
sopa
sucursal
tal-ko
tamano
sonreir son reeer smile
j!
maybe
de bebe baby powder
sombra sombra shadow sombrero sombrero hat sonar so-nyor dream
soobmaree-neesmo
veztal ves
talco
solfero/a single
soltero/a
subtitulos
de
ta/canyo/a stingy
tacaho/a tal
solo/a alone
solo/a
ta -ble -ro
a-khe-dres chess board
sun
soldado sol-dodo soleado sole-ado sunny solo so\oonly
sucio/a
deajedrez
tablero
socialist
sol
desurf fabla desorf
tabla
office
de credito [arkheta de kredeeio credit card
tarjeta
>y
de telefono tarkhe-ta de te/efono phone card SIM tar/c/ieta seem
tia
tarjeta
tiempo fyempo time weather completo komp/eto full-time
SIM card
tienda
de aeropuerto
tasa
ta sa
de
taksee taxi rasa cup
taza te
te tea
teotro theatre te/c/ado keyboard
teatro
teclado
re/c-nee-ka technique
tecnica tela
re-la fabr/'c
tele
re le
TV te-le-fe-ree-ko cab/e car
teleferico
te/efono telephone celular seloo/ar mobile phone publico poobleeko phone box
telefono
— —
public telephone
telegrama telenovela opera teleobjetivo
teles/copyo telescope
temperatura
television
temperafoora
temperature (weather)
templado/a
temp/ado/a
warm templo rem-plo temple temporada temporada season
(in
de-partamenra/ department store ryera Earth fyera land
tierra tijeras
tee-khe-ras scissors
tina
reemeedo/a shy
reena bathtub
reepeeko/a
ti'pico/a
televeesyon
television
•
— de abarrotes de ba rotes grocery — de campana de kampanya tent — de campismo de cam-pees-mo camping store — de deportes de deporres sports store — de fotografia de fotograree-a camera shop — de ropa de ro-pa clothing store — de suvenirs de sooveneers souvenir shop — departamental
timido/a
teleob-khereevo
telephoto lens
telescopio
ryenda shop convenience
store
Tierra
grama
telegram te-le-novela soap
tele
•
—
a
a-e-ro-pwer-to airport tax taxi
sport)
temprano tem-pra-no early tendedero tendedero clothes
typical
reepo type de cambio de kam-byo exchange rate ti'tulo reetoolo degree tlapaleria tlapalereea hardware store tipo
—
toalla
toaya towel femeninas toayas
toallas
femeneenas toallita
sanitary napkins
facial
toayeeta fasyal
face cloth
line
tenedor tenedor fork tener xenerhave gripa greepa have a cold hambre ombre (be) hungry sed sed (be) thirsty sueho swe-nyo (be) sleepy tenis fenees tennis
tobillo tobeeyo ankle tocar to/car touch • play (instrument) tocino toseeno bacon todavia (no) to-da-vee-a (no) fnorjyer
tercio
tomar tomar drink take
— — — —
terco/a
rersyo third terko/a stubborn
terminar termeenar finish • end ternera ternera veal terremoto teremoto earthquake terrible tereeble terrible
244
teea aunf
tarjeta
todo/a rodo/a all • everything todos/as ro-dos/as all (of them) tofu rofoo tofu •
(the train)
take (photos)
— fotos tomates
photographs deshidratados
fo-tos take
tomates deseedrarados sun-dried tomatoes
•
torcedura
torse-doo-ra sprain
universo
tormenta
tormenta storm
urgente oorkhente urgent usted pc oosted you ustedes oos-fedes you
toro to-ro bull toronja to-ron-kha grapefruit torre to- re tower tos
tos
cough
tostador
tos-tador toaster
oo-nee-i/erso universe
util oo-teel useful
uva uvas
pasa oo-va pasa
raisin
oovas grapes
u
trabajar Xra-bakhar work tra-ba-kho job
trabajo
>
work
— de casa de ka-sa housework — de limpieza de leem-pye-sa cleaning — eventual e-ven-twal casual work
traducir tradoo-seer translate traertra-er bring
dedrogas
traficante trafee-/can-te
de dro-gas drug
dealer trafico
fra-fee-ko traffic
de bano rra-khe de ba-nyo bathing suit • swimsuit tramites frameetes paperwork tramposo/a tramposo/a cheat tranquilidad tran-kee-lee-dad traje
quiet
tranquilo/a
tran/ceelo/a quiet
transparencia
transparen sya
slide
transporte tranvia tren
trans-porte transport tran-vee-a tram
tren train
treeslesad truzas troo sas underpants (men) tu too your triste
too you
tu
tumba
foomba grave
turista
tooreesta
tourist
V vaca va-ka cow beef vacaciones vakasyones '
holidays
•
vacation
vacante va/cante vacant vacio/a vaseeo/a empty vacuna va/coona vaccination vagina va-/c/iee-na vagina
vagon
restaurante va-gon res-towronte dining car
validar valeedar validate
valiente va-/yente brave va-/yoso/a valuable
valioso/a valle
va-ye valley
valor
va-lor value
vary os/ as several vaso va-so glass vegetariano/a varios/as
ve-khe-ta-rya-no/a vegetarian ve-la candle velocidad velosee-dad speed velocimetro velo-seemetro speedomerer
vela
ve-/od romo racetrack
velodromo (bicycles)
vena vena vein vendaje vendakhe bandage vendedor(a) de flores vendedor/vendedora de f/o-res flower seller
vender vender venenoso/a
U ultrasonido ultrasound
ooltrasoneedo
venir veneer
una vez oo-na ves once uniforme oo-nee-for-me uniform universidad university
•
ooneeverseedod college
sell
venenoso/a
poisonous
come
automatica de boletos owtomoteeka de bo/etos machine ventana ventana window
venta venta ticket
ventilador
ventee-la-dor fan
volar volar
fly
vo/oomen volume
volumen
(machine)
ver ver see
volver vo\ver return
verano verano summer verde ver-de green
votar vo-far vote vos voice voz
verdoolereea
verduleria
greengrocery
verduras vestibulo
vestido
vid
vida
domestico vwe-lo
domesteeko
vesteeboolo vesfeedo dress
domestic
flight
foyer
viajar vy a knar travel
vyakhe
viaje
vuelo
ver-doo-ras vegetables
trip
W whiskey gwees-kee whiskey
veed vine veeda life
veedeokaset
videocassette video tape
vye-kho/a old
viejo/a
vyento wind
viento
veenogre vinegar
vinagre vinateria
veenate-ree-a liquor
yerbero/a
yeroe-ro/a herbalist
yoyo
store
veenyedo
vinedo vino
y eeand ya ya already
vineyard
uee-no wine
yoga
yoga yoga
yogurt
yo-goort yogurt
zanahoria
sanaorya carrot sapatereea shoe shop sapatos shoes sokalo main square
violar .volar rape
virus visa
^ee-roos virus
veesa
visa
visitar vee-see-far visit
vista
veesia view
vitaminas
veetameenas
vitamins
veeveres food supplies veeveer live vodka vodka vodka viveres vivir
zapateria
zapatos zocalo zodi'aco
zoologico
sodee-ako zodiac soo/okheeko zoo
A 8
abbreviations
accommodation
51
addressing people
88
body parts (diagram) body language booking (accommodation)
181
booking (restaurant) booking (tickets)
141
102
52 38
adjectives
1
books
65
admission charges
78
border crossing
47
age
92
breakdown
air-conditioning
52
breakfast
airmail
69
breaking up
37
breast-feeding
airport
alcoholic drinks allergies
48 1 80 1
1
56,
45
(car)
139,145 1 20 86 128 40
bullfighting
bus
alphabet
1
business
81
amounts
30
business etiquette
82
38
bus travel
51
buying food
animals
1
37,
1
apartments
appointments
1 1
2,
1 1
area code
71
123
art
asking
buying things
61
124
architecture
articles
37 151
(grammar)
1
3,
someone cut
24
1 1
172
assault
ATM
75
automatic car
43
Azuela, Mariano
101
B
C cabins
51
cafes
1
1
58,
1
camping camping ground
38
careers
93
car (diagram)
44 43 45
problems
85
car
babysitters
85
Castellanos, Rosario
baggage
40
Castilian Spanish (differences)
bands (music) banking
98 75
CDs
bargaining
63
cell
109
beach
135
101
7,9,13,26,28 66
phones change (money)
be (verb)
14
bicycle (hire)
46
changing trains checking email checking in (accommodation) checking in (transport) checking out (accommodation)
57
chemist
65
chicanos
beer beliefs
(accommodation)
blades (shaving)
boat boat-trips
1
43,
1
48
121
37, 41
79
35 51
cancelling (tickets)
car (hire)
bars
39 32
calendar
babies
bill
09.
73 36,
62 41
73
52 39 57 175, 182
child-minding service
96 85
children
85
z o m X 247
5
121
church...
7
99
disabled taxi
clothes
63
disabled travellers
clubs
109
cockfights
128
doctor
coffee bars
139
collect calls
commission communications complaints (accommodation)
35,
148
drinks
143
76
drinks (nonalcoholic)
147
69
drugs
114
56
during the day
(list)
81
confirming (bookings)
38
consonant sounds
1
118,
1
79
conventions
81
conversation
89
cooking methods
146
cooking utensils
1
Hernando country code
54
Cortes,
7 71 1
10
35,62
cuisine
157
culinary reader
157
cultural differences
1
customs (declaration) customs (cultural) customs (post office)
1
22
48 22
69
email address
95
emergencies emotions
103
entertainment
envelopes
environment exchange rate exhibitions
extreme sports EZLN
days of the week
35,
76 79
123
69 1
29
104
F 28 94
false friends
family
members
90 95 137 69
fax
1
feelings
103
32
feminine (grammar)
1
daytrips
79
film (cinema)
99
deaf travellers
83
film
62 48
fishing
1
flora
137
debit cards
35,
declaration (customs) dentist
X LU Q
09
69 107
express mail
fauna 32 1
1
1
excursions
farewells
dates
171
endearment (grammar)
family
dating
34 48
duty-free
E
1 1
credit cards
175
drinks (alcoholic)
conferences
cover charges
83
74
concerts
contraception
84 129
diving
70
144
compliments (food) computers
49
directions
cinema
183
67
(photography)
food
30
139
describing things
16
football
developing photos
67
foreign exchange office
75
diesel
44
four-wheel drive
43
56
fractions
diminutives
17
friends
dining car
41
Fuentes, Carlos
diets (special)
dinner
(train)
1
139
future
126,131
30 89 101
34
future (grammar)
21
FZLN
104
G
jobs
....93
jogging..
..127
123
galleries
44
gas station
gay venues
gender
J
109 1
3,
getting around
118
kosher food
155
37
getting closer (romance)
1 1
going out
109
goodbyes
95
language
grammar
13
lateness
greetings
87
Latin
gringo (meaning of the word)
92
guesthouse
guidebooks
51 66,
77
27
difficulties
1 1
American Spanish
(differences)
....8
laundry service
55
La Malinche
7
problems
legal
173
69
letters
guide dogs
83
&
likes
gym
86
kindergarten kissing
1
127
97
dislikes
101
literature
locals (staying with)..
H
lockers (luggage)
....40
64
lodging houses
....51
1
55
lost
60,
68
love
1
luggage
hairdressing halal
food
hammocks have (verb) health
175
76
health insurance
1
hiking
133
hiking guide
1
luggage
M
97
manual
hospital
175
room (diagram)
....40
locker...
....40
139
lunch
34
hotel
..120
iuggage
hobbies hotels
....40
43
car
maps
66
51
marijuana
1 1
53
markets
151
masculine (grammar)
1
Mayan languages I
illnesses
indigenous languages
7, 8,
78
informal form (grammar)
26
interests
97
internet
73
internet banking
75
82
interpreters
intimacy
7
mechanic 178
117
introductions (meeting people)
88
invitations
1 1
invitations (responding)
1
12
45
medical conditions
medication
meeting people messages (leaving a) message board (hotel) meter (taxi) metro Mexican accent Mexico (origin of word) minibus mobile phones
1
1
76,
1
76 78
87 56 55
42 37,
40 8
78 37 73
m X 249
6 3
money money
35
phone cards phone numbers
71
months
69 32
photocopies
82
mosque
121
photography
67
motorbike hire
43 99 123
pick-up (truck)
order
movies
museums music
66,98
70
37.
pick-up lines
1 1
68
piiiatas
PIN
number
75
places to drink
N
1
Nahuatl languages
7,
names
78
88
planning ahead (grammar)
playgrounds
85
85
nationalities
91
negatives (grammar)
20
pointing something out
newspapers non-smoking section (restaurant) non-smoking section (transport)
66
police
141
nonalcoholic drinks
147
numbers
29,
30
21
137
plants
nappies
39
plurals
1
9,
21
88
form (grammar)
26 1
04
1
05
16, 19,
24
political parties
politics
1
possession (grammar)
04,
69
post office
PRD occupations
93
oil (car)
44
one-way opinions
39 104
optometrist
175
ordering
ticket
41
(taxi)
outdoors
133
P
33
present
104
PRI
35
price
problems (accommodation) problems (car) problems (language) problems (romance) pronouns
56 45 27 1
20 22 9
pronunciation 101
pubs
painting
124
punctuality
Palou, Pedro Angel
101
puncture
(bike)
PAN
104
puncture
(car)
parking
45
passport
47
passport photos
68
past
33
pastimes
97
payment (methods payment etiquette
D Z
104
Padilla, Ignacio
Paz,
24
172
politeness poiite
10
37
plane
Octavio
of)
62 102
109
55
questions (forming)
22
question words
23
101
104
peso
36
reading
44,46 44 70
receipts
petrol station
phone
46 45
queries (accommodation)
PDPR petrol
1 1
rape
..172
..
recommendations refunds
65, 101
36,62 (places to stay)
51
62
1
swimming pool swimming pool symptoms
90
synagogue
69 69
registered mail
regular mail rejections (romance)
1
relatives
religion
121
renting repairs
59 64
requests (accommodation)
55
reservations (accommodation)
53
reservations (restaurant) restaurants
141 1
1
1
142
tacos
139
taking photos talking to children
telling
54 148
S safe travel
1
sculpture
124
seasons sea mail
71
121
tennis
132
tennis court
127
tent hire
58
Tex-Mex
144
thanking
87
99
theatre
69
the (grammar)
5
this
1
118 61
172
38
58 77
time
45
toilets
SIM card
73
tokens
size (clothing)
64 89
tourist card
141
(restaurant)
39
(transport)
129
snorkelling
soccer
1
souvenirs
speed
26,
1
31
105
social
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68 43 12
125
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69
station (train)
41
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60
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88 150
40 47
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tour guides
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35, 62, 75
37 44
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135
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signs (road)
Smalltalk
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theft
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shopping shower facilities (camping)
the time
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86 41 42 70 ,
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15 5
76
121
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taxi
70
romance room (hotel) room key rum
1
T
39, 141
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27 55
(hotel)
50
93 100 61
U unleaded
44
ute
37
V vaccinations
175
van vegetarian meals
37 1
55
251
1
venues
109
47
visa
Volpi, Jorge
101
vowels
9
W 83 138
withdrawing money
women's health
252
world wide
1
web
wrestling
73
128
x (the letter)
84
136
wheelchair access wildlife
25
stress
X 59
water (camping)
weather
word order
word
1
Y & no questions
75
yes
79
youth hostels
26 51
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Ip
key patterns When's (the next iCuando sale (el
flight)?
proximo vuelo)?
Where's the (station)? iDonde esta (la estacion)?
kwan-do (el
sa-\e
prok-see-mo vwe-\o)
don-de
es-ta
(la
es-ta-syon)
Where can (buy a ticket)? 1
iDonde puedo (comprar un boleto)?
don-de pwe-do (kom-praroon bo-/e-to)
How much
is (a room)? l&idnto cuesta
kwan-ta kwes-ta
(una habitation)?
(oo-na a-bee-ta-syon)
I'm looking for (a hotel).
Estoy buscando
es-foy boos-kan-do
(un hotel).
(oon
Do you have iTiene (un Is
there 1
map)? mapa)?
o-tel)
(a
fye-ne (oon ma-pa)
(a toilet)?
Hay (baho)?
I'd like (a
ai
(ba-nyo)
coffee).
Quisiera (un cafe). I'd like (to
kre-sye-ra (oon ka-fe)
hire a car).
Quisiera (alquilar
kee-sye-ra (al-kee-/ar
un
oon
Can
1
carro).
iSe puede (entrar)?
Could you please (help me)? 1 Puede (ay u da r me),
Do have to
se
pwe-de
*
pwe-de
{en-trar)
(a-yoo-c/ar-me)
por favor
por favor? I
ka-ro)
(enter)?
(get a visa)?
iNecesito (obtener
ne-seseeto (obte-ner
un visado)?
oon veesa-do)
TOOLS I
would never have found this your name, share
pronunciation a-z phrasebuilder
place, learned
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a bottle of tequila - unless
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numbers & amounts
& dates money
time
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this
• local expressions
PRACTICAL
I'd
book ... and
cultural facts
• culinary guide to Mexico's
transport border crossing directions
world-famous cuisine • shopping lingo, pick-up lines & sports speak
accommodation shopping communications banking sightseeing business disabled travellers children
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romance beliefs
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FOOD eating out self-catering
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SAFE TRAVEL essentials
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DICTIONARY english-mexican Spanish mexican spanish-english
1st Edition
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