Memoranda Latina

Table of contents :
Memoranda Latina
Preface
CONTENTS
Word List
The Home
Education
The Human Body
Animals
Commerce and Farming
Trees and Flowers
Countries
Towns
Geographical Terms
History
Government and Politics
War
Naval Matters
Religion
Meals
Grammar and Syntax
Prepositions
Adverbs
Conjunctions
Verbs
First Conjugation
Second Conjugation
Third Conjugation
Fourth Conjugation
Irregular Verbs
Deponent Verbs
First Conjugation
Second Conjugation
Third Conjugation
Semi-Deponents
Fourth Conjugation
Impersonal Verbs
Defective Verbs
Inceptive Verbs
Frequentative Verbs
Verbs of Fearing
Verbs Taking Dative Case
Compound Pronouns
Some Numerals and Fractions
Various Idioms
Locative Case
Time
Length, Height or Breadth
Value, Price Cost
Ablative of Comparison
Esse, Fieri
Introduction to Indirect Statement
Indirect Questions
Supines
Questions
Ablative Absolute
Gerund and Gerundive
Temporal Clauses
Concessive Clauses
Prolative Infinitive
Clauses of Purpose and Result
Historic Infinitive
Sequence of Tenses
Conditional Clauses
Whether, Whether... Or
Whether... or Not
Either... Or
Neither... Nor
Both... And
Or
Wishes
Yes - Please - Thank You
List of Phrases
Notes

Citation preview

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MEMORANDA LATINA M .Kean M.A.

BLACKIE &' SON LIMITED 1 _ _ ,_ _,-

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PREFACE MEMORANDA LATINA is intended to equip the pupil with such rudiments of the Latin language as he may fairly be expected to have learned by the end of the third year of instruction. I t is also intended that the various vocabularies will nourish his " acquisitive" sense. Examinations have shown that many candidates (both boys and girls) are unacquainted with even the most elementary vocabulary, and that mistakes in gender and declension occur with such words as Porta, Puella, Pomum, Morbus, Canis. Deficiencies of this nature can be remedied only by constant drill in vocabulary. No adequate substitute has yet been discovered for thorough and frequent drill in vocabularies, declensions, conjugations, and principal parts of verbs, the material for which will be found in the pages that follow. The lists of PHRASES provided in the book should prove useful not only for prose composition but also for translation from Latin into English. Particular attention has been paid to Inflexions, the neglect of which in several textbooks has caused confusion. For example: (a) under

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PREFACE

cc camp", is given cc castra " and nothing more. The pupil assumes that it is a first declension noun and writes "castram" as the accusative case. (b) Under" spare" and" obey", some vocabularies, while giving" parco" and" pareo ", fail to mention their usage, with the result that the average pupil uses these verbs with the accusative, nor is he the one to be blamed. (c) In a well-known book on Latin Prose Composition, we find cc Abripere " for cc to steal", and " Capere " for" to take", without any indication that these verbs have the ending -io in the first person singular of the present indicative active. In the absence of such an indication the pupil believes that the verbs mentioned are like Rego, In MEMORANDA LATINA, however, the genitive case, declension, and gender of all nouns are given, and the full principal parts of verbs are shown, as well as their special usages. My sincere thanks are due to Mr. G. M. Lyne, B.A., of Blackpool Secondary School, for his kindness in reading the proofs and for his many valuable suggestions.

M.K.

CONTENTS Pages

WORD LIST The Home Education The Human Body Animals Commerce and Farming Trees and Flowers Countries Towns Geographical Terms History Government and Politics War Naval Matters Religion Meals

GRAMMAR AND SYNTAX Prepositions Adverbs Conjunctions -

1-4 4-6 6-8 8-10 10-1 3

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22-27 27-3 0 30-32 32-34 35 35 37 42

CONTENTS

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Verbs First Conjugation Second Conjugation Third Conjugation Fourth Conjugation I rregular Ver bs Deponent Verbs Impersonal Verbs Defective Verbs Inceptive Verbs Frequentative Verbs Verbs of Fearing Verbs taking Dative

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57 72 74 75 81

82 Case

Compound Pronouns Some Numerals and Fractions VARIOUS IDIOMS LIST OF PHRASES

83 84 84 85 85 86

87 - 108

WORD LIST The Home I

Domus, domiis,4 f. house. Aedes, aedium," f. pI. house. Domicilium, domicilii t Z n. abode. Sedes, sedis, 3 f. abode. Tectum, tecti,z n. roof. cottage. Casa, casae,' f. Tegula, tegulae,l f. tile. gate. Porta, portae,' f. door. lanua, Ianuae ,' f. Limen, Itmlnls," n. threshold. Posticum, postici,2 ta. back door. Paries, parietis,3 tn. wall of a room. wall of a building. Murus, murf ," m. window. Fenestra, tenestrae,' f. Pavimentum, pavtmentl.! n. pavement. 2

Focus, foei,z m. Fumus, fumi,2 tn. Flamma, ftammae.! f. Ignis, ignis,3 tn. Lux, Iucis," f. Cubfle, eubilis,3 n. Mensa, mensae.! f. Torus, tori,Z tn. Leetus, leed,z m. Cublculum, cublcult.! ". Atrium, atrii,2 n. Sella, sellae;' f. Supellex, supellectilis,3 f. 1

hearth. smoke. flame. fire. light.

couch. table. couch. bed. bedroom. halL chair. furniture.

2

MEMORANDA LATINA

Scrinium, scrinii,2 n. Tabula, tabulae,' f.

bookcase. picture. 3

Familia, Iamlltae;' f. Pater, patrts.s m. Mater, matrts.s f. Avus, avi,1 m. Avia, aviae.! f. Patruus, patrut.s tn. Amita, amttae,' f. Consobrinus, consobrtnt.s m. Frater, fratris,3 m. Soror, sororts.s f. Filia, filiae,l f. Filius, filii,2 m. Puella, puetlae.t f. Puer, puert.t m. Liberi, Ilberorum,» m. pi.

4 Dominus, domtnf ,s m. Servus, servt,s m. Gener, generi,z m. Socer, socert.s m. Nepos, nepotls ," m. Libertus, Hbertt,> m. Coniux, conlugts ," com, Femina, ferntnae ,' t. Vir, viri,z m.

Uxor, uxorts ," f. Maritus, rnarttt.! m. Propinquus, proptnqur.t m. Amicus, arrrici ," m. Amicitia, amtclttae ,' tSodails , sodalis, 3 m.

household. father. mother. grandfather. grandmother uncle. aunt. cousin. brother. sister. daughter. son. girl. boy. children. lord. slave. son-in-law. father-in-law. grandson. freedman. husband, wife. woman. man, hero. wife. husband. a relation. friend. friendship. companion. (6293 )

THE HOME

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Hospes, hospltis,1 m. Hospitium, hospitU,· n. Convivium, convfvU,· n. Clbus , cibi,· m. Epulae, epularum,' f. pi. Cena, cenae,t f. Aqua, aquae;' f CaUda, calldae.s I. Sitis, sitis,' f. Inedia, Inedlaej! f. Prtgus , frigorfs " ft. Algor, algoris,1 m. Calor, calorts.> m. Somnus, somnt.s m. Sopor, soporis,· m. Somnium, somnU,· fI.

guest, host. lodging. feast. food. banquet. dinner, supper. water. hot water. thirst. hunger. cold (noun). cold (noun). heat. sleep. deep sleep. dream.

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Medlcus, medici,· m. Nutrlx, nutricis,' f. Valetudo, valetudinis,'/. Sanus, -a, -um , SBno, sanare, sanavl, sanatum, Morbus, morbi,· m. Aeger,aegra,aegrum, Aegroto, aegrotare, aegrotBvi,aegrotatunB, Venenum, veneni,· n. Solatium, solatU,· ft. Vita, vitae,l f. Mors, mortis,' f. Vivus, -a, -um,

doctor. nurse. health. healthy.

to heal. disease. sick. to be ill.

poison. consolation. life. death. alive. ~ortuus,nnortua,nBortu~, dead. ,\2

(E 293)

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MEMORANDA LATINA 7

Matrimonium, matrtmontl.s n. Nuptlae, nupttarum ,' f. pI. In matrimonium dare,

marriage. wedding. to give in marriage.

In matrimonium ducere (used to marry.

of Cl man),

Nubo, nubere, nupsi, nuptum (used of a woman), with dative,

to marry.

Dos, dotis,3 f. Speculum, specull,' n. Vestls, vestis,' f. Vestimentum, vestlmentf.t n. Pallium, pallii,' n. Solea, soleae,' f. Tunica, tuntcae,' f. Toga, togae;' f. Pileus, pilei,· M. Calceus, calcei,l m.

dowry. mirror. clothing. garment. a cloak. shoe. shirt. gown. hat.

boot.

Education 8

Ludus, ludl,' m. Discipulus, discipuli,z m. Praeceptum, praeceptl,s n. Magister, magistri,· m. Praeceptor, praeceptorts.! m. Disclplina, dlsctpllnae,' f. Doctus, -a, -urn, Doctrina, doctrtnae,t f. CoAnttlo, cognitionis,' f. Scientis, sclenttae;' f. Verbum. verbi,· n. Vocabulum, vocabuli,· n.

school. pupil. lesson. master. instructor. training. learned. learning. knowledge. knowledge. word. word.

EDUCATION Vox, VOCiS,3 f. Lingua, Hnguae ,' f. Sermo, sermonts.!

tn.

9 Liber, libri,z m. Libellus, libelli,z m. Tabula, tabulae,' f. Carmen, carmtnls.s n. Litterae, Htterarum ,' f. pi. Eloquentia, eloquentlae,' f. Saplentia, saptentlae,' f. Philosophus, philosophi,zm. Sapiens, saptentts.! adj. OrAtor, oratorls,3 m. Oratio, orattonls.s f. Disputatio, dlsputattonls.! f. Studium, studii,2 n. Mores, morum.t m. pt, Exercitatio, exercitationis ,3 f.

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phrase, voice. tongue, language. conversation, book. small book. blackboard. poem, song. literature. eloquence. wisdom. philosopher. wise. orator. a speech. a debate. zeal, interest. character. practice.

10 Corporis agitatio,3 f. physical exercise Athleta, athretae,' m. athlete. Numerl, numerorum,z m. pI. arithmetic. Ratio, rattonts.! f. method, theory Ars, artis, 3 f. art, skill. Ingenlum , ingenii,2 fI. ability. Mens, mentis ,3 f. intellect, mind. Anima, anlmae ,' f. soul. Animus, anlmi,' m. the mind. Voluntas, voluntatis.s f. willingness. Lector, tectorts, m. reader. Interrogo, Interrogare, interrogAvi, interrogatum, to question.

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MEMORANDA LATINA

Respondeo, respondere, respondi,responsuDn, Reddo, reddere, reddidi, reddltum, Verto, vertere, vertt, verSUDn, 11

to reply. to translate. to translate.

Scrfbo, scrtbere, scrtpsl, scriptum,

to write. lectum, to read. Loquor, loqui, locutus sum to speak. (deponent) Dico, dicere, dixi, dictum, to say. Placeo, placere, placui, to please. placitum (dative), Instituo, tnstituere, institui, institutum, to train. Doceo,docere,docui,doctum, to teach. Disco, dlscere, didici, (no to learn. supine), Adsum, adesse, adfui, to be present. Absum, abesse, afui, to be absent. apology. Excusatio, excusattonls.s f. Intellego, Intellegere, intellexi, intellectum, to understand. Ignosco, Ignoscere, ignovi, ignotum (dative), to forgive. Praemium , praemtt.t n. prize. holidays. Feriae, ferfarum ,1 f. pI.

L~go, I~g~re, legi,

The Human Body 12

Corpus, corports.s n. Caput, capltls ," n.

body. head.

THE HUMAN BODY

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Capilli, captllorum.s m. pI. Crines, crtnlum.t m. pt. Oculus, OCUli,2 m. Supercilium, superctltt.s n. Nasus, nasi,z m. Genae, genarum ,' f. pi. Labrum, Iabrf ," n. Os, oris,3 n. Dens, dentis, 3 m. Mentum, mentt.! n. Barba, barbae;' J. Auris, auris ,3 f. Facies, faciei,5 f.

eye. eyebrow. nose. cheeks. lip. mouth. tooth. chin. beard. ear. face.

13 Ora, orum ," n, pt. Vultus, vultUs,4m. Collum, colli,2 n, Cervix, cervicis, 3 J. Umerus, umert," m. Lacertus, Iacertt.s m. Brachium, brachit.s n. Manus, manas ,' f. Dlgttus , digiti,2 m. Pollex, pollicis, 3 m. Unguis, unguis ," m. Pes, pedis,s m. Sura, surae.! f. Cor, cordts.t n. Pectus, pectoris," n.

face. countenance. neck. neck. shoulder. arm. arm. hand. finger. thumb. finger-nail. foot. ankle. heart. chest, breast.

14 Venter, ventris, m. Crus, crurts," n. Caro, carnis, 3 f. Sanguis, sangulnts.s m.

belly. leg. flesh. blood.

hair. hair.

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MEMORANDA LATINA

vein. Vena, venae;' f. Sudor, sudorts," m. sweat. Morbus, morbt,s m. disease. health. Valetudo, valetudinis,3 f. healthy, sound. S~nus, -a, -um , ill, sick. Aeger,aegra,aegrunn, Aegrc1to, aegrotare, to be ill. ae~rc1tavi, aegrotatunn, Valeo, valere, valui, valitum, to be well. alive. Vivus, -a, -um, dead. Mortuus, -a, -um , Vivo, viv~re, vixi, victum, to live.

Animals 15 Equus, equi,2 m. Equa, equae,' f. Mulus, mull,2 m. Asinus, asini,2 m. Canis, cants, 3 com, Catulus, catuli,2 m. Bos, bovis, 3 com. Taurus, tauri,2 m. Vaeea, vaccae,' f. Vltulus, vituli,Z m. Ovis, ovis,3 f. Agnus, agni,! m. Sus, suts," f. Poreus, porcr.s m. Aper, apri,2 tn.

horse. mare. mule. ass. dog. young dog. ox, cow. bull.

cow. calf.

sheep. lamb. pig. pig. wild boar.

16 Cervus, cervl,2 m. Lupus, lupi,2 m.

stag. wolf.

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ANIMALS Vulpes, vulpls,3 f. Faeles, faells,s f. Tigris, tigrls,or tlgridls,3 com, Leo, Ieonts,s tn. Leaena, leaenae,' f. Elephantus, elephantt.s m. Ursus , ursi,J m. Aquila, aqutlae,t f. Accipiter, acclpttrts.! m. Passer, passeris,a tn. Perdix, perdfcis ," com, Vultur, vulturts.! m. Columba, columbae;' J.

17 Cicada, cicadae,' f. Psittacus, pstttact,s m. Lusclnia, Iusctntae,' f. Turdus, turdl,s m. Lepus, leporis,3 m. Mus, murts.s m. Testudo, testudtnls.! f. Cancer, cancrt,s m. Serpens, serpentts.! tn. Anguts, anguis,3 m. Draco , draconts.s m, Rana, ranae;' f. Pavo, pavonis ," m. Papillo, papilionis,a m. Musca, muscae.! f.

fox.

cat. tiger t tigress. lion. lioness. elephant. bear. eagle. hawk. sparrow. partridge. vulture. dove. the cicada. parrot. nigh tingale. thrush. hare. mouse. tortoise. crab. snake. snake. serpent. frog. peacock. butterfly. fly.

18 Apls, apis,3 f. Anas, anatls.! f. Anser, anserts.! m. GaUina, galllnae,l f.

bee. duck. goose. hen.

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MEMORANDA LATINA

Pullus, pulli,Z m. Aries, arietis,3 m. Bubo, bubonts,s m. Hirundo, hirundinis,9 f. Laeerta, laeertae, 1 f. Cyenus, cyeni,Z m. Belua, beluae;' f. Ferae, terarum,' f. pi. Monstrum, monatrt,s ft. Cerberus, Cerberi,z m. Hydra, Hydrae,' f.

chicken. ram. owl. swallow. lizard. swan. beast. wild beasts. monster. a three-headed monster. a water serpent.

Commerce and Farming 19 Mercator, mercatorts," m. Merces, mercedls.s f. Mercatura, mercaturae,' f. Negotium, negotii,2 n. Quaestus, quaestus,« m. Reditus, reditiis,4 m. Fructus, fructus, 4 m. Pecunia, pecuntae,' f. Nummus, nummi,z m. Argentum, argentt," n. Aurum, aurf,2 n. Aes, aerfs ," n. Aes alienum, aeris 3 alieni, n. Argentarius, argentarii,Z m.

merchant. payment. commerce. business. profit. income. profit. money. coin. silver. gold. brass. debt. banker.

20 Institor, institoris,3 m. Creditor, creditoris,3 m. Debitor, debitoris,3 m.

lender. borrower.

tradesman.

COMMERCE AND FARMING Nomen, Domfnis,31t. Seriba, scrtbae.! m. Ratio, ratlents," f. Pretium, pretii,z ft. Fides, fidei,s f. Foenus, foenerfa," n. Stlpendium, stipendii,z n. Lucrum, luerf,z n. Tributum, tributi,2 n. Area, arcae,l/. Denarius, denarU,· m.

I1

debt. clerk. account. price. credit. interest.

tax. gain.

tax. a safe. penny.

21 Pondus, ponderts ," n. Penuria, penurtae,t f. Divltiae, dlvtttarum.! f. pi. Egestas, egestatts,« f. Opes, opum.! f. pi. Copiae, coplarum.! f. pI. Inops, Inopts," (adj.) Dives, divitfs,3 (adj.) Pauper, pauperts.s (adj.) Carus, -a, -um, Vilis, vile, Solvo, solvere, solvi, solutum, Emo, emere, emi, emptum,

weight. poverty. wealth. poverty. riches. resources. penniless. rich.

poor. dear. cheap. to pay. to buy.

Vendo,vend~re,vendjdi,

venditum,

22 Reddo, reddere, reddidi, redditum, Sub hasta vendere, Bona, bonorum ,2 n. pi. Ager, agri,z m. Agellus, agelli,z tn. A3

to sell.

to pay a debt to sell at auction goods. field. allotment (E 293)

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MEMORANDA LATINA

Fundus, fundi,2 m. Praedium, praedii,2 n. Pratum, prati,2 ft. Aratrum, aratrt.s ft. Vehiculum, vehiculi,2 ". Vomer, vomerts," m. Semen, semtnls.! n. Ligo, Ugonis,a m. Herba, herbae,' f.

23 Gramen, graminis,3 ft. Caespes, caespttts.! m. Comae, comarum,' f. pI. Frons, frondis,3 f. Agricultura, agrtculturae.! f. Agricola, agrtcotae, 1 m. Colonus, cotont,s m. Rusticus, rustici,2 m. Arbor, arborts," f. Frumentum, Irumentt,> n. Arista, artstae,' f. Res frumentaria, rei 5 frumentariae, f. Faenum, faeni,2 n. Hordeum, hordei,2 n. 24 Messis, messts,» f. Falx, falcls,3 f. Vimen, vlminls,3 n. Virgultum, virgulti,2 n. Stabulum, stabult.s n. Lucus, luci,2 m. Nemus, nemorts.! n. Silva, sllvae,· f.

farm. estate. meadow. plough. waggon. ploughshare. seed. hoe. grass. grass. turf.

foliage. leaf. agriculture. farmer. farmer. countryman. tree. corn. ear of corn. corn supply. hay. barley. harvest. scythe. twig. thicket. stall, stable. grove. grove. wood.

COMMERCE AND FARMING

Ver, verts," n.

Aestas, aestatts.! f. Auctumnus, auctumnl,s m. Hiems, hternts ," f. Bruma, brumae,t f. Hibernus, -a, -urn,

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spring. summer. autumn. winter. winter. wintry.

25 Frigus, frigoris,3 n.

Aro, arare, arAvi, aratunn, Sero,serere,sevi, satum, Meto, metere, messul, messum,

Colo, eolere, colut, cultum, Arator, aratoris,3 tn. Pastor, pastorts.t m. Ovtle, ovilis,3 n, Peeus, pecorts.! n. Peens, pecudls,» f. Mugttus, mugltua,s m. Sulcus, sulei,2 m, Grex, gregis,3 m. Rus, ruris,3 n.

the cold. to plough. to sow. to reap. to till. ploughman. shepherd. sheepfold. cattle (collectively). head of cattle. bellowing. furrow. flock. the country.

Trees and Flowers 26 Quereus, querens,' f.

Pinus, ptni ," f. Pirus, piri, 2 f. Abies, abietis,3 f.

Utmus, ulmi,2 f. Alnus, alni,2 f. Laurus, lauri,2 f. Taxus, taxi, 2 f.

oak tree. pine tree. pear tree. fir tree. elm tree. alder tree. bay tree. yew tree.

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MEMORANDA LATINA

Vitls, vitls,3 f. Populus, populi,2/. Fagus, fagl,2 f.

vine tree. poplar tree. beech tree.

27 Platanus, platani,2/. Ficus, ficl,z f. Casia, caslae,' f.

fig tree. wild cinnamon

Myrtus, myrtl,2/. Viola, vlolae,' f. Rosa, rosae,' f. Narcissus, narclsst,> m. Hyacinthus, hyacinthi,Z m. Crocus, croci,z m. Papaver, papaverts," n. Ltllum, 11111,2 n.

tree. myrtle tree. violet. rose. narcissus. hyacinth. crocus-flower. poppy. lily.

plane tree.

Countries 28

Britannia, Brttanntae,t f. Scotia, Scotlae,' f. Hibernia, Hiberniae,1 f. Europa, Europae ,' f. Belgium, Belgn,z n. Germania, Gerrnanlae.! f. Gallia, Galliae,l f. Italia, Itallae,' f.

Great Britain. Scotland. Ireland. Europe. Belgium. Germany. France. Italy.

29

Hispania, Hispaniae,l f. Helvetia, Helvetlae;' f. Graecia, Oraeclae,' f. Africa, Africae,l f. Aegyptus, Aegyptl. 2 f.

Spain. Swi tzerland. Greece. Africa. Egypt.

COUNTRIES-TOWNS Arabia, Arablae.! f. Asia, Astae,' f. Persia, Perstae,' f. India, Iodiae,l f.

IS

Arabia. Asia. Persia. India.

Towm 30

Londinium, Londinii,z ft. Eboracum, Eboraci,z n. Rutuplae, Rutuplarum;' f. 1'1. Dubrae, Dubrarum ,' f. 1'1. Lutetla! Parisiorum, f. Lugdunum , Lugduni,z ft. Massilia, Massiliae,1 f. Neapolis, Neapolts," f. Roma, Romae,' f.

London. York. Richborough. Dover. Paris. Lyons. Marseilles. Naples. Rome.

31

Brundisium, BrundisU,z ft. Mediolanum, Mediolani,z ft. Cannae, Cannarum ,' f. pI. Tarentum, Tarentl,» n. Syracusae, Syracusarum.! f. 1'1. Saguntum, Saguntt,s n. Karthago, Karthagtnls," f. Alexandria, Alexandrlae,' f. Athenae, Athenarum,' f. pI. Sparta, Spartae,' f.

Brindisi. Milan. Cannae. Tarentum. Syracuse, Saguntum. Carthage. Alexandria. Athens. Sparta.

Geographical Terms 32

Terra, terrae,' f. Tellus, telluris,3 f. Mundus, mundi,2 M.

land. land. universe.

16

MEA10RANDA LATINA

Insula, Insulae,' f. Promunturium, promunturii. 2 n.

Sinus, slnus.! m. Jugum, lugi,z n. Mons, montts.! m. Collis, collis,3 m. Campus, campi,z m. Planities, ptanlttet," f.

island. headland. gulf.

peak. mountain. hill.

plain. plain.

Vallis, vallis, 3 f.

valley.

Saltus, saltus, 4 m. Flumen, ftuminis,3 n. Amnis, amnis,3 m.

defile. river. river.

33

Fluvius, fluvii,2 m. Rivus, rivi,2 m. Oceanus, oceant.s m. Pelagus, pelagi,z n. Aequor, aequoris ,a fI. Mare, marts.! n. Pontus, ponti,Z m. Unda, undae ,' f. Fluctus, fluctus ,' m. Aestus, aestus.s m. Continens, contfnentls.t f Ostium, ostii,Z n. Ventus, venti,Z m. Boreas, Boreae,' m. Notus, Noti,Z m.

34 Aquilo, Aqullonts.s m. Eurus, Euri,2 m. Zephyrus, Zephyri,Z m. Septentrionalis. -e. adj

river. river. ocean. open sea. sea. sea. sea. wave. billow.

tide. mainland. river mouth

wind. north wind. south wind.

north wind. east wind. west wind.

northern.

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS

Septentrlonalia, Septentrlonalium, n. PI. Merldies, meridiei,5 m. E6us, -a, -um, Oriens, orientls,3 m. Occidens, occtdentts,e m. SoUs ortus,» m. SoUs occasus.s m. Sol, soUs,3 m. Luna, lunae,' f. Stells, stettae,' f. Sldus, slderis, 3 ft. Caelum, caeli,2 n. 35 Polus, pOli,2 m. Aether, aetheris,3 m. Aer, aeris,3 m. Caelum, caeli,2 n. Imber, imbris,3 m. Diluvium, diluvil,1 fI. Nubes, nubis,3 f. Nubilus, -a, -um, Nix, nlvis,3 f. Glacies, glaciei,5 f. Gelu, gelus,· n. Prulna, prulnae.! f. Ninglt (impe,sonal ve,b), Pluit (impe,sonal ve,b), Tonat (impe,sonal ve,b), Fulgurat (impe,sonal ve,b),

I'

northern regions. the south. eastern. the east. the west. sunrise. sunset. SUD.

mOOD.

star. star. Heaven. sky. sky.

air. climate. shower. flood.

cloud. cloudy. snow. ice. frost. hoar frost. it snows. it rains. it thunders. there is lightning.

History 36

Historia, blstortae.! f. Gesta, gestorum,1 fI. IJI.

history. achievements.

18

MEMORANDA LATINA

Res gestae, rerum 5 gestarum,f. pI. Res Romanae, rerum 5 Romanarum, f. pI. AnnaJes, annaltum," tn. 1'1.

achievements. Roman history. records.

~on~entum,monu-

menti,2 n. Documentum, documentl.s n. Indicium, indicii,2 n. Veritas, veritatis,3 f. Saeculum, saeculi,2 n. Aevum, aevi,2 n. Tempora, temporum," n. 1'1. Regnum, regni,2 n.

record. proof. evidence. truth. generation. age. periods. reign.

37

Auctor, auctorts.s tn. author. Rerum scriptor, rerum 5 scriptoris,' historian. Aequales, aequaltum.s tn. 1'1. contemporaries. Posteri, posterorum.s tn. pi. future generations. Posteritas, posterttaus,« f. posterity. Praesentla, praesenttum,s the present. n. pI. Praeterita, praeterttorum,s the past. n. pi. Res futurae, rerum 5 fututhe future. rarum, f. pi. ancient time. Antiqultas, anttquttatla," f. in olden times. Antlquitus (adv.), among the Apud veteres, ancients. freedom. Libertas, libertatls,3 f. slavery. Servitus, servltutls,3 f. Servitium, servitH,2 fI. slavery; slave.

HISTORY

19

38 Res novae, rerum 5 novaa revolution. rasxu ]. pI. revolt. Defectio, defectlonls J' f. rebellion. Seditio, seditionis,3 f. civil war. Bellum civile, belli 2 civilis, n. Bellum domesticum, belli 2 civil war. domestici, n. Bellum externum, belli Z externi, n. foreign war. Indutiae, Indutlarum.tj; pI. truce; armistice. Ooudtclonea.condlclonum.t f. pi. terms. Pax, pacts," t peace. Foedus, foederis,3 n. treaty. Socius, socii,z m. ally. Societas, soctetatts.s f. alliance. 39

Status rerum, status 4 rerum, m. Narro, narrare, narravt, narratum, Trado, tradere, tradidi, traditum, Ferunt, Tradunt, Narratio, narrattonts," f. Narrator, narratorts.t m. Fabula, fabulae,' f, Memoria, memortae,' f. Memoriae (date) tradere, Post memoriam hominum, A4

position of affairs to relate. to hand down. they relate. they record. narrative. historian. story; tale. recollection to hand down to history. Within the remembrance of mankind. (£293)

20

MEMORANDA LATINA

Supra meam memoriam, Memoratu (supine) dignus, -a, -um,

before my time. worthy of being recorded.

Gooernment and Politics 40 Respublica, rei 5 publicae, f.

the state; government; politics; political situation. Civitas, civitatis,3 f. citizenship; state; political rights. Civis, civis,3 com. citizen. Quirites, Outrttlum.! m. pi. Roman citizens. Privatus, prtvatl," m. private individual. Municeps, munlctpts.! com. fellow townsman. Municipium, municipii,z n. borough. Urbs, urbls.! f. city. Urbanus, -a, -um, belonging to a city. Senatus, senatns.! m. Senate; parliament. Senator, senatorts," m. Senator. Patres conscripti, m. pi. Roman senators. Curia, curtae,' f. Senate house. Comitium, comitii,2 n. the election ground. Comitia, comtttorum.t n. pi. an election.

41 Concilium 2 plebis, n. people's assembly. Plebiscitum, plebisciti,1 n. a resolution of the people. Senattls consultum.s n. a resolution of the Senate. Senatus popuJusque the Senate and Romanus, Roman people.

GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS

Plebs, plebts," f. Plebes, plebei,s f. Gens, gentis,3 f.

21

the people. the people. nation. people. law. privilege, right. Divine law. anything unlawful.

Populus, popult.t m. Lex, legis,s f. Ius, iurls,3 n. Fas (indeclinable), n. Nefas (indeclinable), n. Capitis deminutio, caloss of civil rights. pitis demlnutionis," f. banishment. Relegatto, relegatlonls.! f. Provocatlo,provocatlonis,3 f. right of appeal. 42

Judicium, iudicii,2 n.

law court; judgmen t; decision; trial. ludex, iudicis,s m. judge. gentlemen of the Iudices, Iudtcum," m. pI. jury. Auctoritas, auctorttatls ," f. authority; sanction. Parliamentary bill. Rogatio, rogatlonls," f. Suftragfum, sut'fragil,2 n. a vote. Suffraglurn ferre, to record a vote. agreement. Consensus,consensfis~m.

Censeo, censere, censui, censum, to propose. Magtstrarus, magtstratiis,4 m. civil officer; office. magistrate; praetor. Praetor, praetorfs," m. praetorship. Praetura, praeturae.! f. Dictator, dlctatorts," m. a dictator. Dictatura, dfctaturae.! f. dictatorship. province: duty. Provincial provtnclae.t f.

zz

MEMORANDA LATINA 43

Officium, OffiCU,2 n. In officio esse,

duty.

to

be loyal, obedient. Proconsul, proconsults ," tn. provincial governor. Consul, consulls.s m. one of the two consuls atRome. Censor, censoris,3 tn. censor. Censura, censurae,i f. censorship. Repulsa , repulsae.! f. a defeat at the elections. to resign from Maglstratu abdlcare, office. Tribunus Z plebis, m. tribune of the people. Secesslo, secesstonts,s f. a revolt of the people. Decemvtrt.decemvtrorum.! a committee of m. plo ten men to frame laws. colleague. Collega , cotlegae,' tn. Ager publicus, agrt publici,z m. state land. Ambitus, ambttns,s m. bribery. Lex de ambltu, law concerning bribery.

War 44 Bellum, bellI,z n. Proelium, proelU.z n. Proelium commlttere,

campaign; war. battle; engagement. to engage in battle.

WAR

Pugna, pugnae,' f. Pugno, pugnare, pugnavt, pugnatum , Oppugno,oppugnare,oppugnavlvoppugnarum, Expugno,expugnare,expugnavl, expugnatum, Exercitus, exercltns.s m. Acies, actet,s f. Agrnen, agminis,3 n. Iter, Itinerfs," n. Equites, equltum," m. pI. Equitatus, equttatus.s m. Pedites, pedttum.t m. pI. Peditatus, pedltatus,s m.

23 fight; battle. to fight. to attack. to take by storm. army. battle line. column of troops march; journey. cavalry. ca valry (collective). infantry. foot-soldiers (collective).

45

Copiae, coptarum ,' f. pl, Copiae novae, eopiarum novarum ,' Supplementum, supplementr.s ». Subsidium, substdlf.! n. Auxilium, auxilii,2 n. Auxilia, auxtllorum," n. pl. Impedimenta, impedimentorum.s n. pl, Imperator, Imperatorts ,3 m,

Dux, diieis,3 com, l\'liles, militis,3 m. Centurio, cenrurtonts.s m. Veteranus, veteranr.t tn. Praefeetus. praefectt.s m.

forces. reinforcements. reserves. reserves aid. allied troops. baggage. commander-inchief. leader, guide. soldier. a centurion. veteran. captain.

24

MEMORANDA LATINA

Faber, fabri,2 m. Legto, legionis. 3 f.

engineer. legion. 46

Aquila, aqullae ,' /. Aquilifer, aqulllfert.! m. Vexillum, vexilli,2 n. Signum, signi,2 n. Slgno dato (abl. absolute),

eagle. standard bearer. standard, flag. standard, signal. when the signal was given. rampart. rampart, mound.

Vallum, valli,2 n, Agger, aggerts," m. Munitlones, munltlonum ," fortifications. /. pI. penthouse; woodVinea, vlneae,' f.

en structure on wheels.

Tormenta, tormentorum.s s. pt, siege engines ditch. Fossa, fossae,' f. Murus, murt.s m. wall. Castra, castrorum.s n. pI. camp. Aries, artetls.s m. battering-ram. ladder. Scala, scatae,' f. 47

Eruptlo, eruptlonls ," f. a rushing forth. Obsidio, obsldlonls," f. siege, blockade. Obsideo, obsldere, obsedi, obsessum, to besiege. Castrum, castrt.s n. a fort. Tabernaculum, tabernacull,e n. tent. Praetorium, praetortl.s n. general's tent. Porta decumana, portae 1 main entrance to decumanae, f. Roman camp. Custos, custodis,3 m. guardian.

WAR Statio, stattonts,s f. Tessera, tesserae, 1 f. Praesidium, praesldif.s n. Tuba, tubae,' f. Cornicen, corntctnls," m. Receptui canere, Pedem referre,

48 Vertere terga, n. pI. Se reci pere, Fugae (dat.) se mandare, Hostts, bostis," m. Speculator, speculatdrfs ," m. Explorator, exploratorts ," m. Tumulus, tumult.s m. Paludamentum, paludamentt.t n. Gladius, gladii,2 m. Ensis, ensts," m. Pugto, pugiouls ," m. Scutum, scutl ," n, Clipeus, clipei,2 m. Galea, galeae,' f. Lorica, Iortcae,! f. 49 Arma, armorum ," n plo Hasta, hastae.' Lancea. Ianceae ,' f. Telum, teli,2 n. Pilum, pili,2 n. Iaculum, Iacult.! n. Vlrtus, vtrtutts.! f.

35 picket, outpost. military watchword. garrison. trumpet. trumpeter. to sound (signal) for retreat. to retreat. to flee. to retreat. to flee. enemy. scout. spy. mound. military cloak. sword. sword. dagger. oblong shield. oval shield. helmet. breastplate. arms, weapons. spear. light spear. weapon. heavy javelin. dart.

courage.

26

MEMORANDA LATINA

Ignavla, Ignavtae,i f. Salus, salutls ," f. Vulnus, vulneris, 3 n. Labor, laboris,3 m. OpUS, operts.s n. Praemium, praemlt.! n. Praeda, praedae,' f. Spolia, spollorum.s n. pi.

cowardice. safety. wound. toil. work. reward. booty, plunder. spoils.

50

Victoria, vlctortae,' f. Clades, cladis, 3 f.

Inconamoduna, inconnmodi,l n . Strages, srragfs ," f. Excidiurn , excidii,2 n. Captlvus, captlvt.! m. Triumphus, trtumpht.! m. Clamor, clamorts.! m. Invictus, -a, -um , Loco cedere, Castra ponere, tacere, Castra movere, Deditio, dedttlonts ," f. Deditlcius, dedtrlcif ," m. In deditionem venire, 51 Cons ilium , consilii,2 n. Ratio, rattonts," f.

Iussum, iussl,! n. lussu, Iniussu,

victory. disaster. defeat. slaughter. destruction. prisoner. triumph. shout, cry. invincible. to yield from a position. to pitch a camp. to move a camp. surrender. one who has surrendered. to capitulate. plan, strategy. scheme; generalship. an order. by order (of). without order (of).

37

WAR

Circumvallo, circumval- to surround with a rampart. Uire, clrcumvallavi, clrcumvallatum , Dimico, dlmtcare, dimicavt, dtmtcatum, to fight. Debello, debelUire, debelHivi, debellatum , to finish a war. Impero, Imperare, Imperavt, Imperatum to command. (with dat.), Iubeo, Iubere, tussi, iUSSUDl, to order. Pareo, parere, parul, parttum (with dat.), to obey. Parco, parcere, peperci, parsum (with dat.), to spare. to bring help. Opem ferre, Adventus, adventns.! m. arrival. Obses, obsidis,3 m. hostage.

Naval Matters 52 Navis, navis,3 f. Navicula, naviculae.! f. Navtgium, navigii,2 n. Triremis, triremis, 3 f.

Quinqueremis, quinqueremts,s f. Remex, remlgts.s m. Remtgtum, remigU,2 n. Remus, remt,> m. Prora, prorae,' f. Puppis, pUppiS,3 f. AS

ship, vessel. little ship. boat. ship with 3 banks of oars. ship with 5 banks of oars. oarsman, rower. rowing. oar. prow. stern. (E 293)

28

MEMORANDA LATINA

Gubernaculum, gubernacuU,z n. helm. Gubemator, gubernatorfs," m. helmsman, pilot. Gubernatio, gubernationis,3 f. control. Aqua, aquae,' f. water. Fr~tum, freti,2 n. strait. 53

Velum, vell,:! fI. Harpago, harpagonis.! m. Praefectus, praefectr.s m. Classis, ctassts," f. Portus, portus,4 m. Nautragtum , naufragU,z n. Naurragus, -a, -um, Nauta, nautae ,' Navita, navttae,' tn. Rector, rectoris,3 m. Litus, lit6ris,3 n. Ora, orae,' f. Litus amare,

sail. grappling hook. admiral. fleet. harbour. shipwreck. shipwrecked. sailor. sailor. steerer. shore, coast. shore. to keep close to the shore. Navlgatto, uavlganonls," f. sailing. Transtrum, transtrt.s n. rowing bench.

,n.

54

Procella, procellae,' f. Tempestas, tempesta tis,s f. Malacia, malactae ,' f. Serenitas, sereni ta tis, 3 f. Navigo, navlgare, naviilavi, navlgatum ,

storm. storm. a calm. clear weather. to sail.

NAVAL MATTERS

29

Navibus milites exponere, to disembark solNavem conscendere, \i,

diers. to embark on a ship. to come off ships. a naval battle. the beak of a ship. light vessel. raft. skiff.

Navibus egredt (deponent), Pugna navalis, Rostrum, rostri,Z n. Phaselus, phaseli,z m. Ratls, ratls ," f. Llnter, Itntrts," f. Navis oneraria, navis 3 onerariae, f. a merchant ship. Navis actuaria, navis 3 fast-sailing vessel. actuariae, f. 55 Alveus, alvei,2 m. ship's hold. keel. Carina, cartnae,t f. anchor. Ancora, ancorae,' f. Armamenta, armamentorum.s n. plo equipment. Fori, fororum,» m. pi. gangways. Antennae, antennarum ,' sail yards. f. pi. fast-sailing vessel. Liburna, ltburnae,' f. Navis aperta, navis 3 undecked ship. apertae, f. Navis praetoria, navis 3 admiral's ship. praetoriae, f. Carbasa, carbasorum," sails. n. pi. Malus, miili,2 m. mast. Clavus, cUlvi,2 m. tiller. Classiarii, classiariorum, 2 marines. m. pi. Scapha, scaphae.! f. light boat, skiff.

30

MEMORANDA LATINA

Navis longa, longae,f·

navis 3 warship.

Religion 56 Deus, dei,! m. God. Divus, dlvi,2 m. God. goddess. Dea, deae,' f. goddess. Diva, dlvae,' f. Di immortales, deorum Z immortalium, m. pi. the immortal gods. Caelestes, caelestfum.s m. pi. heavenly beings. Numen, numlnts.e n. Divine will, deity. Nutus, nutns.! m. nod; will of heaven. Pontifex maximus, pontiflcis 3 maximi, m. high priest. Pontlftcium, pontlftcii,z n. priesthood. Augur, auguris,a m. soothsayer. Augurtum, aUJ1urii,z n. prophecy. Sacerdos, sacerdotis, 3 com, priest, priestess seer. Vates, vatls," com, Oraculum, oraculi.s n. oracle.

57 Aedes, aedis,3 f. Templum, templi,z n. Adytum, adyti,2 n. Delubrum , delubrt.s n. Sacellum, sacelll,z n. Ara, arae,' f. Sacriftcium, sacriftcii,2 n. Res divinae, rerum 5 divinarum, j. pI.

temple. temple. shrine. shrine. chapel. altar. sacrifice. religious rites.

RELIGION Sacra, sacrorum, Z n. pI. Signum, signi,z n. Slmulacrum, simulacri,z n. Hostia, hosttae,! f. Vlctima, victtmae ,' f. Reltgtones, reltgfonum,s

f. plo Cultor, cultoris,3 m.

sacred rites. statue. image. victim. victim. religious beliefs. worshipper.

58 Fata, tatorum.s n. pI. declared oracles. Votum, voti,2 n. vow; prayer. Preces, precum.s f. pl. prayers. Voveo, vovere, vovl, vatum, to vow. Pr~cor,

prec~ri,

pr~catus

sum (deponent), Immolo, Immolare, Immolavl, Immolatum , Supplicatio, supplica-

to pray.

tfonls ," f. Fides, fidei,s f. Sanctitas, sanctttatts.t f. Sanctus, -a, -um, Vott reus, -a, Misericordia, misericor-

thanksgiving. faith, belief. holiness. holy. bound by a vow.

to sacrifice.

diae;' f.

mercy. goddess of the hearth. Iuppiter, Iovis,3 m. Juppiter. Penates, Penatlum," m. pI. household gods.

Vesta, Vestae;' f.

59 Manes, Manlurn J' m. pI.

Gemus, genii,2 m. Avernus, Avernt," m.

spirits of the departed. guardian angel. lower world.

32

MEMORANDA LATINA

Tartara.Tartarorum.se. pi. lower regions. Pluto, Plutonls ," m. God of lower world. Charon, Charontls.s tn. ferryman in the lower world. Styx, Stygis,3 f. river of the lower world. De eaelo servare, to watch for omens from the sky.

Omen, omtnls.s n. omen. Auspieium, auspieii,z n. Divine sign. Prodlgtum, prodigii,2 n. portent, omen. Praesagtum , praesaglt," n. a foreboding. Piaeulum, piaeull,2 n. atonement offering. duty to God or Pietas, ptetatts," tparents. Plus, -a, -um, dutiful; affectionate to parents.

Meals 60 Vietus, vietiis,' m. Fereulum, fercull,z n. Panis, panls ," m. Lae, laetis,3 ft. Caseus, easei,2 m. Sal, salls,3 m. Piper, piperis,3 tI. Mel, mellis,3 n. Far, farris, 3 n.

Caro, earnis,3 j. Ius. turis,3 n.

nourishment. a course. bread. milk. cheese. salt. pepper. honey. flour. meat. soup.

MEALS Condimentum, condlmenti,Z n. Acetum, aced,z n. Allium, allii,z n. Faba, fabae,' t. 61 CauUs, caults.! m. eucumis, cucumerts.! m. Holus, holerts," n. Pomum, pomt.s n. Apium, apii,2 n. Uva, uvae,t f. V-mum, vini,2 n. Passum, passi,2 n. Porrum, porrl,2 n. Mappa, mappae.! f. Mensa, mensae.! f. Triclinium, triclinU,2 n.

Recumbo, recumbere, recubui, recubitum, Gula, gulae,t f. Gulae (dat.) temperare,

33

spice. vinegar. garlic. bean. cabbage. cucumber. vegetable. apple. parsley. grape. wine. raisin wine. leek. serviette. table. a couch used at meals. to recline at table. appetite. to restrain the appetite.

Esurio, esurtre, (no perfect), esuritum, to suffer hunger.

62 Sitio, sitire, sitivi, (no supine), Convlva, convlvae;' m. Satur, -a, -um , Ientaculum, Ientacult.s tJ. Ieiunium, ieiunii,2 n. Prandium, prandii,2 n.

to be thirsty. table companion. filled (with food). morning meal. fasting. midday meal.

94

MEMORANDA LATINA

hungry. leiunus, -a, -um, Contentus, -a, -um , satisfied. Ministro, rntnistrare, mtntstravl, rnintstratum, to wait at table. Pono, ponere, posui, post- to serve up at turn, table. Mensa secunda, mensae 1 the second courser secundae, f. dessert. Esca, escae, 1 f. food. Obsonium, obsonii,2 n, viands. Apud mensam, at table.

GRAMMAR AND SYNTAX PREPOSITIONS 63 The following prepositions govern the Ace.,.satiue Case. to, towards, near. Ad, against. Contra, In, into. Adversus, against. according to. Secundum. on account of. Propter. on account of. Ob, near to, beside. Iuxta, in the presence of. Apud, {in the pages of. Prope, near. Trans, across. beyond. Ultra, Inter, among, between.

Intra, Extra, Praeter, Infra, Sub, Subter, Super, Supra, Per,

Penes. A6

64 within. outside. contrary to; beyond; besides below. beneath; close up to. underneath. above. above. through; during. in the power of. 35

(E 293)

36

MEMORANDA LATINA

Cts, citra, Pone, Post, Ante, Erga,

on this side of. behind. after, since. before. towards (of feelings).

65 The following Jwepositions gouern the Ablative Case. together with; including. Cum, without. Sine, from; out of. Ex,E, concerning, from. De, in the presence of. Coram, without the knowledge of. Clam, below, under. Sub, in, on. In, by, from. Ab,A, Absque (with prowithout. nouns), on behalf of; in front of. Pro, in front of; compared Prae, with; by reason of (after a negative).

Tenus (placed after the noun), as far as.

66 Special

e~amples

of prepositional phrases: within the remembrance of men. according to the laws. at my house. contrary to custom.

Post hominum memoriem, Secundum leges, Apud me, Praeter consuetudinem,

PREPOSITIONS

Penes eum laus ertt, Ad Romam,

Pro castrts, Odium erga balem,

the credit will rest with him. in the neighbourhood of Rome. in front of the camp. Hanni- hatred towards Hannibal.

ADVERBS 67 once upon a time. Saepe,saepenu~ero, often. Nunquam, never. Semper, always. Unquam, ever. Nusquam, nowhere. Raro, seldom. Aliquando, at some time. Nuper, lately. Proxime, most recently. Nunc, now. then. Turn, tunc, Hodie, to-day. Heri, yesterday. Cras, to-morrow.

DUm. quondam,

68

Tandem, Saltem, Late, Undique, Passim, Utrimque, Denique, Tamen,

37

at last. at least. far and wide. on all sides. here and there. on both sides. finally. nevertheless.

38

MEMORANDA LATINA

Fere, ferme, Circiter, Sero, Tarde, Postea, Antea, Nondum,

generally, almost, about. too late. late. thereafter. previously. not yet.

69 Paulatim, Ubique, Interim, Praeterea, Sensim, Praecipue, Interea, Interdum, Interdiu, Gradatim, Utrubique, Ibidem, Identidem, Rursus, Iterum,

gradually. everywhere. in the meantime. moreover; besides. gradually. especially. meanwhile. sometimes. in the daytime. step by step. on both sides. in the same place. repeatedly. once again. a second time.

70 Contra, Praesertim, Denuo, Facile, Temere, Benevole, Vix, Aegre, Bene, Male,

on the other hand. especially. afresh. easily. rashly. benevolently. scarcely. with difficulty. well. badly.

ADVERBS Feliciter, Benigne, Amicc, Prudenter, Impudenter,

Subito, repente, Necopinato, Manifesto, Aperte, Publice, Privatim, Secreto, Falso,

Vulgo , Lente, Celeriter, Leniter, Aspere, Divinitus,

successfully. kindly. in a friendly manner. sensibly. shamelessly.

71 suddenly. unexpectedly. clearly. openly. officially, on behalf 01 the State. privately. secretly. falsely. generally. slowly. quickly. gently. harshly; roughly. by divine influence.

72 Deinceps, Modice, Magnopere , Maxime, Adeo, Aeque,

Procul, Comminus, Eminus, Aequaliter, Recte, Perperam,

39

in succession. moderately. greatly. especially. to such an extent. equally. far away. at close quarters. at a distance. equally. rightly. wrongly.

40

MEMORANDA LATINA

Impie, Sceleste, Populariter, Postremo, Nequiquam, Frustra, Ferociter, Atrociter, Audacter, Fortiter, Acriter, Sapienter, Fortuito, Forte, casu, Similiter, Confestim, Merito, lure, Comlter,

wickedly. criminally. in a popular manner. finally. 73 in vain. in vain. fiercely. fiercely. boldly. bravely. keenly. wisely. accidentally. by chance. similarly. hastily. deservedly. rightly. courteously.

74 Antiquitus, Coniunctlm, Nimis, Bifariam, Bipertlto, Trifariam, Quadrifariam, Aflatlm, Unice, Effuse, Alibi, Rite,

Hue,

in ancient times. jointly. too much. in two sections. in two divisions. in three sections in four sections. abundantly. singularly. pell-mell. elsewhere. duly. hither.

ADVERBS

IlIuc, Eodem,

thither. to the same place.

75 Eo. fbI, Ubi,

Hie, Diu, Iliac, Statim, Profecto, Prorsus, Ilicet, protlnus, Extemplo, Unde, Usque, Usquequaque, lode, Deinde,

thither. there. where. here. for a long time. by that rou tee at once. assuredly. right onwards. straightwa y. immediately. from whom? whence. continually. everywhere. thence. then: thereupon.

76 Dein, Clare, Cito, Ignave, Perite, Scienter, Instanter, Velociter, Raptim,

Peregre, Longe, Crudeliter, Graviter, Memoriter,

thereupon. loudly. quickly. slothfully. skilfully. wisely. earnestly. swiftly. hurriedly. abroad. by far.

cruelly. seriously. from memory.

MEMORANDA LATINA

42

Fideliter, Accurate,

loyally. carefully.

CONJUNCTIONS 77 Et, -que,atque,ac, Et ... et, eum •.. turn, Aut, vel, -ve, Aut .•• aut, Vel •.. vel (allowing a

and. both ... and. or. either ... Of. either or. neither nOf. neither ••. nor. but. but. even. also. likewise. and yet. but on the other hand, nevertheless. for.

choice),

Nec •.• nee, Neque ••. neque, Sed, At, Ast, Etiam, Quoque, Item, Atqui, At enim, Tamen, Narn,

78 Namque, Enim (second word in the sentence),

Ergo, Itaque, Igftur (second word in the sentence), Ut, uti (with subjunctive mood), Ut (with indicative mood), Velut, veluti,

for. for. therefore. accordingly. therefore. so that.

as, when. as if.

CONJUNCTIONS Quasi, Sicut, slcuti, Ceu, Sive •.. slve, seu ... seu

43

as if. just as. just as. whether ••. or.

(in direct statements),

Autem (second tuord in the sentence),

moreover. moreover.

Ceterum,

79 Idcirco, for that reason. Attamen, nevertheless. Verum, but. notwithstanding. Verumtamen, - Ne (used in questions; added to first tuord i,. sentence).

Nonne (used in questions expecting a positive yeply), Num (used in questions expecting tI negative ,eply),

Enimvero, Quare, Quamobrem, Quocirca, Quapropter, Quom.odo, Quemadmodum, Quam (with adjective 01'

surely? surely not? for indeed. wherefore. for which reason. wherefore. wherefore. how. how. how.

adverb),

80 Tarnquam,

on the ground that; as if.

Ut ... non (with subjunctive),

Ne (with subjunctive), A7

so that ... not.

lest. (E293)

MEMORANDA LATINA

44

Neve, neu, Quo (with subjunctive, after a comparative), Quominus (with, subjunctive), Quod, Quia, Quoniam, Quandoquidem, Cum, Quippe, Dum (with indicative), Donec, Quoad, Quandoque, Quotiens, quoties,

and lest, nor. in order that. whereby not. because. because. since. since indeed. since; when. seeing that. while; (with subjunctive = until). until. as long as. whenever. as often as.

81 Postquam, when, after. Antequam, before. Priusquam, before. (N.B.-Priusquam must not be used to govern a noun. For instance, " The table is in front of the window", must be translated, Mensa ante fenestram est". You must not torite (( priusquam fenestram ". Priusquam can only be used to introduce a uerb: for e~­ ample, P.,uisquam venit" = before he came. A similar distinction So with antequam. exists between post and postquam.) Strnul ac, slmul atque, as soon as. Nisi, unless. Si modo, if only. Si, if. Dummodo (with subjunctive), provided that. Cl

Cl

CONJUNCTIONS Dum (with subjunctive), Etsi, Quamquam, Etiamsi, Quamquam, Quamvis (with subjunctive),

4S

provided that. although. although. even if. and yet. although.

VERBS FIRST CONJUGATION

82 In the 1st conjugation, the present infinitive ends in the letters -are. M ost of these verbs have -avi as the ending of the perfect tense, and -atum in the supine, thus, Amo, amare, amavi, amatum. Exceptions are marked with a star and the p,incipal parts are given. All the following verbs belong to the 1st conjugation. hasten on. Accelero, accuse, charge. Accuso, Adaequo, equal. Adflicto, shatter. arrive. Advento, fly to. Advolo, build. Aediftco, discuss. Agfto, call upon. Appello, Armo, equip. plough. Aro, wage war Bello, conceal. Celo, surround with a ram.. Circumvallo, part. heap up. Co-acervo,

46

MEMORANDA LATINA 83

Ooglto, Collaudo, Colloco, Commeo, Communico, Comparo, Compello, Concito, Condemno, Conftrmo, Consterno,

reflect. commend. place. go to and fro. share. acquire. address. rouse. condemn. establish; strengthen. terrify.

·Consto,const~re,con-

stiti, constatum, Consulto, Convoco, Creo, Curo, Debello,

consist of; agree. deliberate. call together. elect. look after. vanquish.

84 Decerto, Dedico, Delego, Delibero,

strive. dedicate. entrust; commit. consult. bind. Deli~o, emigrate. Dernlgro, yearn for; miss. Desidero, lose hope. Despero, Detrecto, refuse. dislodge. Deturbo, Dictito, say repeatedlY» Dimico, struggle. argue, Disputo, Dlsslmulo, keep secret. *Do, dare, dedi, datum, give.

VERBS 85 ·Domo, domare, domui, domitum, tame. DODo, present. Dubito, doubt; hesitate Ed6co, educate. Erro, wander. Evoco, call forth. Exclamo, cry out. Existimo, think. Explico, unfold. Exsulto, be overjoyed. Exturbo, thrust away. Fabrico, build; construct. Fatigo, tire out. hasten. Festino, strengthen. Firmo,

86 Freno, Frequento,

Fugo, Gravo, Guberno, Habito, Hiberno, Hiemo, Immolo, Importo, Incito, lncrepo, increpare, increpui, increpitum, Indlco, Inno, lnstauro,

check; curb. visit often. put to flight. weigh down. govern. inhabit. pass the winter. spend the winter. sacrifice. import. rouse. rebuke. point out. swim in. renew.

47

48

MEMORANDA LATINA

87 *Insto, Instare, institi, instAtum, Interrogo, Irrito, Iudico, Iuro, Labo, Laboro, Lacero, Lanio, ·Lavo, Iavare, lavi,

laVatum}

lautum lotum Laxo, Levo, Libero, Libo,

urge on. question. stir up. decide; judge. swear an oath. totter; sink. work; toil. mutilate. tear in pieces.

wash. loosen. relieve. set free. consecratee

88 Loco, Macto, Mando, Mano, Maturo, MUito, Monstro, Multo, Mussito, Muto, Narro, Navlgo, No, Neco, Nego,

place. sacrifice. entrust. flow. hasten. serve as a soldier. point onto inflict a fine. grumble. change. relate. sail. swim. kill. deny.

VERBS

89 Noto, brand; mark. Nudo, strip. Nuntio, announce. Obequito, ride up to. Obltgo, bind. Observo, regard; watch. Obstgno, seal a letter. 'Obsto, obstare, obstltl, obstatum, hinder. Obtempero (with dative), obey. Oeeul to, conceal. Oecupo, seize. Occurso, rush against. Onero, burden. Opto, pray for; wish.

90 Orbo, Ordlno, Orno, Oro, Ostento, Paco, Paro ,

Peragro,

bereave. arrange. adorn. beseech. display. subdue. prepare. traverse. ride about. confuse. lay waste. demand.

Perequito, Perturbo, Pervasto, Postulo, 'Poto, potare, potavi, potatum} drink. pOtum throw down. Praecipito,

49

SO

MEMORANDA LATINA

91 Praedlco, Praeparo, ·Praesto, praestare, praestitl, praestltum } praestatum Probo, Propulso, Publico, Pulso, Purgo, Puto, Rebello, Recipero, Recuso, Redlntegrn, Regno, Renovo,

declare. prepare.

perform; exhibit. approve. drive away. confiscate. knock. clear from guilt. think. revolt. recover. refuse. renew. reign. renew.

92 Repugno, Reputo, Reservo, ·Resto, restare, restltl, (no supine), Revoco, Roglto, Sacrlfico, Sacro, Sano, ·Seco, secare, secul, sectum,

ssao,

Servo, Sll1niftco, Simulo,

resist. think over. keep back. remain over. recall. ask repeatedly. sacrifice. hallow.

heal cut. make calm. preserve. give a sign. pretend.

VERBS

51

93

Sollicito, Specto, Spero, Spiro, -see, stare, stetf, statum, Subministro, Supero, Supporto, Suscito, Tempero (with dative), Tempto, Titubo, Trano, Transporto,

harass. look at. hope. breathe. stand; halt. supply. overcome. convey. stir up. restrain. try. totter. swim across. carry across.

94 Trepido, Trucido, Vasto, Ventito, ·Veto, vetare, vetul, vetitum, Vexo, Vibro, VigUo, Vindico, Vito, Voco, Volgo, Volo, Voluto, AI

be alarmed. slaughter. lay waste. come often. forbid. annoy. brandish. keep awake. claim. avoid. call. publish. fly.

turn over. (E291)

Vl N

SECOND CONJUGATION

95 The p"esenl infinitive ends in -ere Abstineo Adhibeo Appareo Ardeo Attineo Augeo Caveo Censeo Coerceo Commoveo Compleo Concieo Contineo Debeo

abstinul adhibul apparui arst attinul auxi cavl censul coercul commovl complevt concivi contlnul debui

abstentum adhibitum apparitum arsum attentum auetum cautum eensum coercitum commotum completum concitum contentum debitum

a:trJ refrain from. summon. be visible. blaze. reach to. increase. beware. think; propose. check. rouse. fill up. stir up. keep together. owe.

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Deleo Doceo Doleo Distineo Egeo Exerceo Extorqueo Faveo Fleo Floreo Foveo FuI~eo

Habeo Haereo Horreo

delevl docui dolui distinui

96 deletum doctum dolitum distentum (abl.)

-

e~ui

exercui extorsi favi flevi florui fovi fuIsi habui haesi horrui

(abl.)

exerciturn extortum fautum (dat.) fteturn

-

fotum

habitum haesurn

-

destroy. teach. grieve. keep apart. need. train. wrest. favour. weep. flourish. cherish. glisten. have. stick fast. shudder.

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97 Impendeo Indulgeo

-

Indulsi

-

indulturn (dal.)

overhang. indulge.

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w

lnvlsum (dat.) Iacltum (int"ans.) Iussum

Invldeo Iaceo Iubeo Lateo Lugco Maneo Mereo

Invidl iacul iussl

Misceo

miscui

Moneo Mordco Moveo Noceo

monul momordl movl nocui

luctum mansum meritum miStum} mixtum monitum morsum motum nocitum (dat.)

obsedi obtlnui parol

98 obsessum obtentum parltum (dat.)

Obsldeo Obtlneo Pareo Pateo Permaneo

Iatul

luxi mansi merui

patul

permansl

-

-

permansum

envy. lie. order. be hidden. mourn. remain. deserve. mingle. advise. bite. move. hurt.

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besiege. hold. obey. be open. remain.

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Permulceo Persuadeo Perterreo Pertlneo Placeo Possideo Praebeo Praecaveo

Prohlbeo Promoveo Provideo Recenseo Remaneo Removeo Resideo Respondeo Retineo Rideo

permulsl persuasl perterrui pertinul placui possedl praebul praecavl

prohibul promovl providi recensul remansl removi resedi respondl retinul rlsl

permulsum persuasum (da'.) perterrltum

-

placitum (dal.) possessum praebltum praecautum 99 prohibitum promotum provlsum recensum remansum remotum

responsum retentum rlsum (dat.)

soothe. persuade. terrify. reach to. please. possess. offer. take precaution.

< rt'j prevent. move on. see to. count over. stay behind. remove. remain over. reply. keep back. laugh (at).

~

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Ut

'"

sit.

Sedeo Studeo Stupeo

sedi studui stupui

sessum

Suadeo Summoveo Sustineo Taceo Teneo Terreo Timeo Torreo Urgeo Valeo Video Vigeo Voveo

suasi summovi sustinul tacui tenui terrul timui torrui

suasum (dat.) summotum (Ifans.) sustentum tacitum tentum territum

-

-

(dal.)

100

-

tostum

-

-

valui vidi vlgut vovi

valitum visum

-

votum

en 0'

be eager. be amazed.

suggest. move on. withstand. be silent. hold. terrify. fear. scorch. press upon. be strong. see. thrive. vow.

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THIRD CONJUGATION

Abdo Abduco Abicio Abscido Abscindo Abstraho Accedo Accido Accipio Accurro Addo Adduco

Adngo Adicio Adimo

101 The present infinitive ends in -ere abditum abdidi abductum abduxi abiecf abiectum absc'idl abscisum abscldl abscissum abstraxi abstractum accessl accessum accidf accepi acceptum accursum accurrl addidl additum adductum adduxi adftxi adfixum adieci adiecrum

ademi

ademptum

conceal. lead away. throw away, cut off. tear away. pull away. approach; be added. happen. receive; hear. run up to. add. induce. fix on. place near, hurl. take away.


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Edo Emcio

edidi effecl

edltum eftectum

elegi emi erlpui erupi evasi excessi excepl

electum emptum ereptum erupturn evasum excessum excepturn exactum expulsum expressum exquisitum exstltum exstructum extrusum exutum

give forth. bring about; make.

108

Eligo Emo Eripio Erumpo Evado Excedo Excipio Exlgo Expello Exprimo Exqulro Exsisto Exstruo Extrudo Exuo

exegt expuli expressi exquisivi exstiti exstrux! extrusl exui

choose. buy. rescue. burst forth. escape. go forth. intercept. demand. drive out. force out. seek. arise; become. build up. thrust out. take off.

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109

Exuro

exussi

exustum

Facio Fallo Figo Flngo Frango Fuglo Fundo Gero Gigno Ignosco Impello Incendo IncIdo IncIdo Incipio

feci fefelli fin flnxi fregi

factum falsum fixum fictum fractum fugitum fusum gestum genttum Ignotum (dat.) impulsum incensum incasum incisum inceptum

fu~i

fudl

gesst genui ignovi impuli incendi incidi

incidi incepi

burn up. make; do. deceive. fix.

feign; imagine. break. flee; escape. pour forth; rout. wage; carry on. produce. pardon. thrust in. kindle. fall upon. cut into. begin.

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110

Incolo Indlco Induo lnflecto Influo Inicio Insisto Instituo Instruo Intellego Intercipio Intercludo Interdico Interficio Intericio

incolui indixi indui inflexi influxi inieci institl institul instruxi intellexi Intercepi lnterclusi interdixi interfeci interieci

incultum (scc.) indictum indutum inflexum lnfluxum infectum

lnstitutum instructum in tellecturn interceptum interclusum interdictum interfectum interiectum

inhabit. proclaim. put on. bend. flow in. cast upon. stand upon. establish. draw up; train. understand. intercept. cut off. forbid.

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en

kill.

put between.

111

Intermitto Interpono

intermisi interposui

intermissum interpositum

discontinue. place between.

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Intexo Iacio Iungo Lacesso Ludo Minuo Mitto Negtego Nosco Nubo Obicio Obstrlngo Occldo Occido

intexui ieci iunxi lacessivi lusi minui misi neglexl novi nupsi obieci obstrinxi occldi occidi

intextum iactum Iuncturn lacessltum lusum minutum missum neglectum notum nuptum idat.] obiectum obstrictum occisum occisum

weave in. throw. unite. attack. play. lessen. send. disregard. get to know. marry (with woman as subject). throw against. bind. fall. slay.

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112 Occurro Offendo Omitto

occurri offendi omisi

occursum (dat.) offensum omissum

meet. hurt. leave out.

Opprtrno Ostendo Parco Pello Pendo Perficio Per-go

Permitto Perrumpo Perspicio Peto Pono

oppress! ostendi peperci pepuli pependi perfeci perrexi pennisi perrupi perspexi petivi posui

oppressum ostentum parsum (dat.) pulsum pensum (trans.) perfectum perrectum permissum perruptum perspectum petitum positum

porrexi praecepi praefeci praemisi praescripsi prehendi

porrectum praeceptum praefectum praemissum praescriptum prehensum

crush. show. spare. drive. weigh; payout. complete. proceed. allow. break through look into. seek. place.

en

stretch forth. instruct. appoint. send on. command. grasp.

~ ~

~ ~

~

113

Por'rtgo Praecipio Praeftcio Praemitto Praescribo Prehendo

Premo Prodo Produco Proflcio Profugfo

Promo Proruo Prospicio Quaero Quatio

pressi prodidi produxi profeci profugt prompsi prorui prospexi quaesivi

-

pressum proditum productum profectum

-

promptum prorutum prospectum quaesitum quassum

crush. hand down; betray. lead forth. make progress. flee. bring out. overthrow; rush forth. look ahead. seek; ask. shake.

Rego

quievi rasi recessi recepi reddidi redegi refeci rexi

quietum rasum recessum receptum redditum redactum refectum rectum

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114

Quiesco Rado Recedo Recipio Reddo Redigo Reftcio

(7'\

repose. scrape. retire. recover. give back. reduce. repair. rule.

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Reicio Relanguesco Relinquo Repello Reprimo Rescindo Resisto

reieci relangui reUqui repressi rescidi restiti

Respicio Reverto Rumpo Ruo Satisfaeio Scindo Seriho Sero Solvo Statuo Sterno

respexi reverti rupi rui satisfeci scidi seripsi sevi solvi statui stravi

reppull

reiectum

relietum repulsum repressum reseissum

-

(4tJI. )

115 respectum reversum ruptum rutum satisfactum (dat.) scissum scriptum saturn solutum statutum stratum

throw back. faint. leave. drive back. check. destroy. resist.

regard; look back. return. burst. rush. satisfy. cleave. write. sow. loosen. resol ve ; fix. strew.

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Submitto Subruo Subsido Succedo

subrnisi subrui subsedi successi

submtsaum subrutum subsessurn successum

send to one's help. undermine. collapse. succeed.

Tego

succidl succurrl sumpsi surrexi suscepi suspendl tetiJai texi

Tendo

tetendl

Tero Texo Toll0 Trado

trivi texuf sustull tradldi

succisurn succursum (dat.) sumptum sur-rectum susceptum suspensurn (trans.) tactum tectum tentum } tensum tritum texturn sublatum traditum

0

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116

Succldo Succurro Sumo Surgo Susciplo Suspendo Tango

.....,

t%j

cut down. aid. take. arise. undertake. hang. touch. cover; conceal. stretch. rub. weave. raise; destroy. hand over.

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Traduco Traho

traduxi traxi

Traicio Tramitto Transcendo Transiilo Tremo Tribuo Ungo Uro Veho Vello Vendo Verro Verto Vinca Vivo Volvo

traieci tramisi transcendi transegl tremui tribui unxi ussi vexi vulsi vendidi verri verti viei vixi

traductum tractum

lead across. drag.

117

volvi

traiectum tramissum transcensurn transactum

-

tributum unctum ustum vectum vulsum venditum versum versum victum victum volutum

take across. transport. climb over. transact. tremble. assign. anoint. burn. carry. pluck. sell. sweep.