Kwacha — Angola. No. 4. June 1970

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KWACHA ANGOLA

U .N . I .T .A . INFORMAT ION BULLET IN

LONDON , ENGLAND

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-NAT IONAL UN IGN FOR TOTAL !NOEPENOENCE DF ANGOLA

uN ITA

Infor~ation Bu11~tin

========================== JUNE 1970

CON T EN T S 1• • • • • • • • • • ~··•••• U.N~I.T.A. F ou ry e r a sa f t e r

r t -fca1 ?!nd IYli1it ~ r.y Oave -

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UN IT .A (N~t iDna l Un ion frr-· I_ot l lY 'W o ••"mov inq i n t o· ·m o rodongnrou s .phA soo f· st r u g g l e A t p ré s ent w n •r' 'f i g h t i n gi nt h i .c o u n t n s i d e ; we . iJr• t n i n qt o c o n t ' r o lt h oc o u n t r y s i d o , bu t nw a r• qo ing t omovo tow a rdSs a b o b g •J sot ' h •t •l l, fo rm so f commun i c3 lü in 'w i l l. b •s o v e r • d · , , .(on d h e w,w to n' sR y i n g ) ; .,1967w as • s tar t i n gp o i n tf o ra b i g g e r movo t ol i b o r•t•1 t h i sc o u n t r y .l n l9TPw•· s h a l lsn es o f f i · •o f ou rw i sho s

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T he fo rm at l o no f f o u r yo ar sago ••rkoda g r ea tq u a l i t a t i vo leop l nt h • Ango l ab l i b e rat i o hs t r u g g l e. T he UN ITA C en t r •l Comm i t te e rocen t l yi s s u ed, af . i g h t i r f gc a l lt ot h eP ar t ycad re s an dt ot h e p l e .á sa UJh o ln .t omak et h n1 9 7 0 ' s • dnc' l dn o fL ibe rat i o n . p eo T he' pe o p l e, 't h oP ar t yon dt h ea rm ed f o r c e shovo re sponded p o s it i v el y an d S ot h ef i r s tmon th s o f 1970 hov • so en en cou raging an dv i c t o r i u o s re s u l t s .Dn t h e· 6 t hJon uar y• t r u c kf u l lo fP ide · I n t el l i g •n c• P a l i e•)w a s b y UN ITA p a t r i o ts. Fou r 'Of t h em w e re Oli p ed o u t Ac o n s i d er • b l ' 'amoun t o f we opon s , equ i p m en t , an d w e r e s e i z ed . Do 1 3 t hJ a n . ano the rt r u c kf u l lo f Po r tugues •i b i a i or sond P a l i e• w e s •mbushod . The le a d e ro f fo c a lp a l i e• w q s k i l l o d . n amn i sB o larm ino R o ê. hodo P ai v aN c i . 3402 /G /6579 .T h• i s . f a sc i s tw e s re s p o n s i b l of o rt h e dn ot ho f ou rb r o t he r COLL INS LUC i kND ,m omb•r o f UN ITA cnn t ra lC omm i \ ; e ek il l e dl nD ecnmG e r 1969 Wh i l " p•.•rfo rm ing rA vo lu t i o n •ry du tio s

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* * * * * * * * * * * * * *%%%%%%%%% * * · * * * * . * * * * * ) ( · * - NEWS BULLET IN OF THE ARMED FORCES IN ANGOLA -

T ho ops rat i o n •l c omm a n d• io f UN . ITA i narece n t" 'ar tommun i au ei s s u ed p r i l 4 t h 1970 s ta tedt h o t f a r i b •ro tiono f on A A n g ol• o r e do torm in •dt omok • 1970 a t u r n i n gp o i n ti nt h • who le s i t u at i o nl nAngo la. S of o r , sai d ,t h eb o s t ond · tT f n ; s p o r t e r .o fi t rm s· on d ammwn i t lo .n t oUN ITA h• •b< ,en t h e

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f romF eb ruo rY 1 0 t ht om ar c h2 5 th 1970 ,t h • FALA f n r c o sh •v• s c o r ed t h of o l l o wi n gv i c t o r i e s t . 1 ) Ag roup o f5 o Po r tugueso w • s •mbu jh ed n • • r Lungu -Bw n q ur i v o r .R s • ro s u l t ,15 Po r t u g u • s es 6 l d i • r sw o r• w ip éd o u t nnc1 con s ido ' r abl n .w • r mn to ri• . lW% ,l ' •i z ed .

sol~i•r•

2 ) l nt h e\ u s oar e •, 2 t r u c k sf u l lo f s o c u r i t Yf o r co s( P a l i e i •do S~gur a nc • ~ubl.ca ) w er ••mbu shod .A l l t h o1 2o c cu . pqn f s ~ e r e killn~ ~nd t h qi rgun s sni z ed . 3 )l nSan~•ndo , th ~ ÚN ITA co lumn no . 3 pu to u to f ac t i o n l5 " p~pp e t t r o o p s .13 ri f l o s(Mau z o r ) , •nO lOh •nd g r • n • d e s w e rn cqptur~d b y UN ITA p ~ triotso 4 ) Dnn o f UN ITA ~ o ntr•l zon a sw · s •t t ack•db y 60 sol r l i nr s . T hn ~~ 1 ~ f i g h t g r s~rntRndina t or u nqw ny f rom t h n en em y , m q d e t h e en em yt op R n ~ tr 8 t e i n t oUN ITA m i l i t,ryr . c 1m p. Sudd en ly t h ey w e r e caugh tu pb yh eav yf i r ef rom UN ITA f o r cA s .Th el i e u t n en t commnnd e r Cou t inho wa s le f t d end

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i nt h ec amp . 11 o f t~em w e r e k i l l e d qn d S8VR r a l wounded .A rm s , ammun i t ion ar i d equ ipm en t wR r e sei z ed .m qn y ~fricans i nt h eP o r t u g • e s ea rmy.havntakent h i so p p o r t u n i t yt ej o i nou rf o r cP sw i h t t h ei rg u n s ,u n i f o rm s Rn d do cum8n tse 5 ) InCuando -Cubqngo ,t h eP o r t u g ue s a 0n dt h e Bo e r s f rom Sou th A f r f ca ~ r e hR v iQg_R h ~ rd t im e. Th r rece n tp u b l i ca t i o nNotici~ s o f e b r u 3 r y2 8 t h 1970 qp e ~ly adm i t ted t h R t t h eP o r t u g ue s a ~re i n c a p ab le t o .c ap e up· ' w i t h t h e milit "'~ :i:'Y 1n d poli t ic ~ l s i t u " ' ! t i o n i nAngo l0 . A n d al s ot h e N o t i c i a § rep o r t expo se st h es e l lo u t im p e r i 1 l i s tj o u r n al i s t sw h o a re t r y i n gt h ei rb es tt h r o u g hfal s e rep o r t s.t ob u i l d up unpopu la rm 6 vem an t s in · An~ol ~ ~~d s l "n r l e r i n q UN ITA , UN ITA i si nCuando -Cubqnqo an dt h er eUN ITA sh al lr em ai n . W h e n mq r c e lo Ca etan o t thRSou th A f r i c ian ss u g g e s tt h ea i l i a n c e b e twe en UN ITA and SWAPO ~e under~t a nd t h e i rimp er i al i s tgam~. I ti st of i n da p re text t os end j o i n tt r o o p s(P o r t u g a l ~ nd Sou th A f r i ca) i n t oAngo l a an dt of i g h tUNITA~ So far ,'UN ITAdo e sn o t hav e ·an yq l l i a n c e~h3tsoRver, ~ nd w e do n b ti n d u l q e-i nsu ch f u t i 1 i t i e s . ·E a ch l i b 8t a t i o nmovRm en ti nS o u t h e r r iA f r i c a.mu s t ~ight t h e mo s t correc~ and.radi c a l way.i~side i t sow n .c o u n t r y .T h i si s t h eb e s t ~o1id a rity 1 i be rat i o n0ovem en t si nSbu therD Af~ic a can g i v et oe a ch o t h e r . How ev e r, UN ITA i s -r e a d yan d sh al lb ep 1e ased t or e n d e ranY set v i c et ó~ ~y g e n u i n e ~fric a n 1 i b e rat ion ' f f lov e m en t wh i ch b e 1 i v e si nt h eS a i z u re o f owe rb y Armed Force~ 6 )F r om 2 0 t ht o2 5 t hM a r r ih 1 9 ? 0 , ou rR eg ion n o . i wa s· und e r:h e avy bo r r i· b i n g ·f rom dawn t od u s t .l n2 9 t h !Ylar c h1970 . ,6p l an e ss u p p o r t e ' d 'b y 4, bom tT e r s , hav ed ropp ed p o i s o n i n g g3z on 13 c o o pe rá t i v ef a rm s .A l l t h ec r o p sw e re t o t 8 1 1 yd e s t r o yed an d mo s t o f d om e s t i c an imal sd ied . UN ITA ver yvehBmen t 1 y denoun ce an dc o n d em nt h i sfq s c i s t0n dd e s t r u c t i ve me t h o d iu sed b yt h e Portuq~ e s~ c o l o n i al i s t s . · . UN ITA w i l lh ªv en o a1 ter n at i v eb u tt omove a s t g owar dt oA 1 pf TOTA L WAR , l o n q : l i v et h e eve ri n v i n c i b l s Ped~1 e ~ ~a r . • (S i g n et}b -y. ~fperation a l Co~mqnd e r ) ,

* * * * * * * *######### * * * * * * * *. THE POL IT ICAL ANO

MILIT A R~ DEVELOPmENT DF THE STRUGGLE

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S i n e s 1968 ,.t h ed im e n t i o n so ft h e1 i be rn t i on s t r u gg le i n s i d e A ngol ~ ·have .' g rou Jn 3 .n d devel o p G dc o n s i da rnb ly . - Wha t is, t h en ,t h ep o 1 i t i ca l ~ nd . m i 1 i taBy s · i t u qt i o n ?

l h e Politi~a l S i t uat i o r r • T he R re a s unde r t~ o ~o nt ro l o f UN ITA have g r ow ns t e adi l y ~ in b o th s i z ean d qu al i t y . o fo rq an i za ti o n s i n ce UN· ITA ' sf i r s tCo~gr ess a t !Yluan g q i ,i n!Yla r ch 1966,an d ou r f i r s t Rt t t a ck o nt h AP o r t u g úe s ec o 1 o n iR1 i s t sf o r c e sa t !Ylad af um ab nt h e ,E '" l .ste r nF r o n ti nAp r i1 1966 . UN ITA now ha sF i ve D ist r i c t s ·undo ri t sc o n t r o l .T he s e areamox i co , Cuando -Cu -~ b ango· , Bi ~ , Lunda and M q l qnje. Ve ry con t l y UN ITA opA r i e d t h e si x t hZone, re t h a to f HUILA~ ' "

. . .

6 . . . I r rt h n. -=~r~;"'~s o f IY lox i co ,C u" 'n r a -C u b , n g o ,B i' l ,L u n r l " ' l . . ,no IY1.,1.,.mj'~ UN IT f 1 h~s f ~ irly sett1 ~ d p o p u l, t i o n s ,i . o. 1 i t t l na r no int n rf ~ r Rn C P f rom t h nc o 1 o n i q1 f s tf o r c ns, r sp~c i "'1ly i nMox i co ~no Cu ~ nda-Cub~ngo w h n r 8 t h e situ ~ tion i sn ow s t . , b i 1 i z rd. I nt h o s nf i v nd i s t r . i c t st h np -o p 1 r " 'r' ~ b1"1 to cu ltiv" 't' 'th nir fi ~ 1c s, bu i1d thr ir hom ns " 'nd r' l i s n i1 i\-Js w ithQu t fc:--.r• Th. , on1y pr' ' c ' " 'utíon s n; , c' ' ss-=~ ry ~r n vr:·ry th nir. f..,m o 1 n m n nt~ry, _cons i s t i n go f r ~ g u1 ~r vi11 '" ~ q ~ contr~11 3rl ~iliti"' pqt r o 1 s i nth ~ nni g h b o u r h o o d ,ch ~ cki~g p ~ ths o ft h n ~ n P my, ~ te, P o r ~ ny s i g n s o f ~ n n my _ " ' c t i v i t yq n d th ~ t o f bwi1~ing hom ~ s i nsm~11 sc~tt~rnd g r oups i nt h ' lf o r •>s tt o'" 'Vo id r : Jn r : Jmy ' ~·iT o b s·:or v . , t i o n • I th~s bnG n UN ITA 1s bn1 i q f f rom t h n ~.,r1inr d " ' ly s th ~ t t h nt h no r y qno pr~ctic R o f S ~ 1f-r n 1i , nc e m u s t . ,1w "y s bn onn o ft h rk n ystan ~s t oo u r s u c c n ss f u 1 l yc o n c l u d i n gt h n 1ib ~ r ~ tion s t r u g g 1 r f o ro u r mothnr1~nrl. To p u tt h i s .p o 1 i c yi n t orf f gc tw n h ~ v n ~pp 1i ~ d : ours g 1v e s r l i l i g n n t 1 y .T h i s qp p 1 i c. , t i o ni snow rnf1nc t ld i noU r org ~ nizqtion!1 s t r u c tw re i nt h e lib o r ~ t r d ~ t n., s • . ,.., . How i sth r~ o rg :ni z qt i o n ..,l st r u c t u r oi nt h r1 i bnr ' l t 's .; . 1 tt h nsR m' ' '1 t i n q s th -~ p·-·oo1í l. rr.> i nP o rm r:od "S f u 1 1 y "S p o s s i 1 b 1>J ~ bout t h r-J d ~, v n 1opm ;mt o ft h · ·s t r u g q 1n i n(, ngo1'"~, t h r t. , c t i c s 1 n~ s t r " tn gy o ft h nP o r t u q unsn co1oni ~ 1ists p o l i t i c 11 l y , n conomi t~ l1y, milit '=~ r~11y, ~ nd on t h .., m ~ jor nvnn t si nt h r int n rn1tion~1 s p h ' Jrn. Thr.> dn.c i s i o n so ft h · ·cr-·n t r'""1 c om r n i t t c · r1 ""r'1 ~i sc uss '"' d h r o rn 1n r l p l'" 'nS · n· c hr.:;c knd f o r[ J ro ·g r 'SSr " 'nd p1'"'lnS """ r' '"1 8 0 m' l d8 t op u tt h PS " d..,c i s i o n s . . 1

Th r.~ tot ~. 1 t1 l Jm l lsr o f pr ·o pL 1 undn r r d t h n r UN ITí ,1s i n f 1 u ·n cn·o . rc o n t r o 1 is ov r]r 1 m i11ion W ' op18• Th·! numb r o fp r1 op1r; inu N ITA zonR s i s bntw onn 40D t o500 thoUS " 'nd pr lop1n. I

E vDr ygood g· n r:1r11 knov J st h " 't ""' n ...rmy m" 'r c h P s on i t ss tom " ' l ch, " 'nd t h " l t b' l t t 1 n s ::1r·1 vnr yo f tr ln V JOn n o t by t h • ·s i c Jn t n i t hcup· •r i o rf o rCE'S J b u t by t h Js i d ;p o s so s si n gsup' r i o r· r : c1 mar- qccur ."t" i n fo r rn " 't i o n . I nUN IT I I 1s C :1S'1, t h " ). s u p p o r to ft h r ' p··op1' l ,t h ··· o r g..,n i z -= t ion o ft h o pqop1e ~rovid R s b o t ht h ·f o o d , ...nd t h i n Porm 1t i o n . I nf o o dp r o c l u c t i o n L\J" "rr no11J nou. ,1 1 i nq t h ..,t , . ,h i c hu J q so ro r lu cn c li n t h np rn -W ' l r yn · r s * W n ;xp' c tt h r1 9 7 0 h'lrv ~ st t onx cnnd t h i sc o n s i dn r' l b 1 y . Fodd is c u 1 t i v " ' t r•c1 b o t hi n r li v i r u " l . l l y'"~ nd co-op r> r"'~tiV '! 11y, "nd i nm-=\ny v i 1 1:q '1S th '~ "rmy c1n "r st h r• f i -1 d s , 1. ,tr 'r t ob .n t···n c ind by t h r:1 v i 1 l"g' r s .UNIT,~ c 'n s t " t o nL . J i t' 'c.t' l q o r i c " 1 1 yt h , . , tt h n rq i s no hung'Jr in F rCJ '-~ t I p OSit:ÜOn Of b" 'in g" 'b1r ,. tO " 'c lViS g OUr O . ' Op 1 .-~ On c\i, . , t' l ry m qtt. , rS, -=~.no o n" 'g ri c u 1 t u r " '1 im p r o v nm :Om t s , nt c .

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Th-~ h'"J' l 1th sn rv icn < 'nccdnr lition s un c lr :r P o rtuq u "s··~ co1on i9 1 ismin Ango 1 ~ 3 r ~ q bomin ~ b1 ~ . For.instq~c o , up to1966y th n r ~ w n rn 338 hospit ~ 1 s ' lndi n st i t u t i o n sf o r in-p ~ ti ~ nt c ' l rR p r o v i r l i n g 5 ~ 700 bnd s inthf'J s t~ t8 hosp it~ 1 s' i• R • 1• 1 bI~ d so ' ) rl'o o op'op1('•Th~l wh ito pop u1" 'tionin A ngo 1"" is ov' ) r25O• OOO , , ndth b~ . ., ck pop u1"tion 5m i1 1ion p . , op1 e• You c' l ni m ::1 g in , ·· ho11.1 m~ ny 11fric..,ns in is ovor 5• ohn sp i t-1· ·n d h" 'v: : ~ · bnd !• • •UN ITA i sn o t on1y 'f i q h t · i n g ; \ngo1A q ot on m i1 it" 'ry "'~ nd po1 ii· ,ic . ,1 fron t, but ,1s-oin soci ~ 1 front , inorr in r t oimp rov qt h CJ m"'~t " ri . ., l con r li t i c i n so ft h · : pr :op l 'r i nt h l i b ' Jr""trd 1

r .

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I tisUJ hyf onr ;o fu N ITAIs m o s t lli ' ' : J1 com '1 s f Jrv icr·:s h ..,s b 8 nthp hq8.1 th ~ R rvic e . Th i si sop n r ~ t 8 d f rom ~ 11 t h n zon ~ s whn rAt h n rn is ..,lw "ly s '3 . ' c 1 i n i l r"~ nd "' tr::l.in ~< d o r d . n r l y .'T hn sr n v i c c ) ,· ind o r :Jd,..is st i 1 1i nA ( . . ' !

ry runim ~ nt ~ ry st ~ g ~ r l u nt oth ~ 1'1ck o f me r li c i n n , n nuibm~nt, t~~ ive n8d pno p l e ,b u t UN ITA h ~ s m ~ dn a s i g n i f i c An t improv '"J m ~ nt. ~ t t h n rr"s si nAugu s t 1969 i tw ~ s d·:1c i dnd t oso t up s ch o o l : s ·i n Socond Cong th ~ zonas ,t h i sh9 s Al r a ad y b ~ gun i n~ numbn ro fz anB s ' l n r lp r im3 r y rJ duc"'~tion s t " l r t ,.:d -" l g "i ni n"'~ rud im nn t ""rY fo rm d uo. t oth ·~ 12lck o f mqt ~ ri91s books ,w r i t t i n q p ~ p n r; pnn c i l ,i n k , . a n do t hR r s t h o o l m~tnri~l

9

T hG mo s t import ~ nt d"'ltRi nUN ITA 1s c '1 l ~ nd~r f o r 1969 wq s t h n S o co~d C o n g r e s s o f UN ITA •T h i sw a s hql di nt h F hn::J.r to f ~n~ol~ . T he CDng rRs r W3S A t t Rnded b y 80 do lc nd l l . lom ' • n , h'3r d 8n n r lb y" "C ti o n~ g"linst t h o . Portugu ~ s ~ coloni ~ 1ists qn di t s9l l i ns , ~rm n d LIJi t ht h • ' mo s t ad v" inC (• cJ:IIJ8 " lp o n s ,. s im i l "'lr t ot h o s o th ~ Am r i c " "n s ' l r P us i n qi nV int n " lm ~ g ., inst t h 0 Vi n tn 'l rn ~s~ p n opl ~ . 0

UN ITA h~s ln " "t n tt h r o u g ht h , st r u q g l n th ~ t p ~ opl ~ s ~A r is t h Ab e s t qnd mo s t rf f i c i on ts c h o o lo f l ~"' rning. Th ~ o n l y w ~ "pons " 'V " l il " lb l e hqd t obRc ~ ptur o d f rom t h g qnomy it s~ lf • .l nf q c tt h n r n ~ my i st h nbes t p r o v i dn r "ln d tr ~ n s port n r o f WR ' loon s f o r ou rs t r u g g l n .T o dny UN ITA h ~ s Bo1g íum m qdo FN ' s supp1indt oPortuq '~ l t h r o u q hN nTD , UN ITA h ~ s G3 1s m adn ni t h e ri nth ~ U.S . A . o r. i nP ortug~l i t s nl funrl ~ r . 1 i c gn cG f rom th ~ u . s .A . ~ n rl ..,lsoRussi ~ n subm ~c hin R guns sUpp l i8d t oMPLA t h r o u g ht h n OAU Lib ~ r q tion Committ ~e (A LC )• 1

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T o ro co i v a th n s ~ wo apon sd i rgc t 1 yf rom t h ' 'Lib ~ r ~ tion Commmitt ~n o' fth e O { \Uis onn th ing , bu t torDc,iv n th r :mth rough MPU \ who i s im p o s í n g~ fr "l tri~id n W 9 r on u s, is n o t h i n g sh o r to f f q rcic '~ l " n d tr9 gic•In f~ ct, it is . . ,c lisg r. , cA fo r " ' 1ib· 1r ,.. tion Mov"rn"nt 1ik r·· UN ITr'lth · ' l t st " 'rt':1dfromzn ro y, · t to e hy h "s su cc'P . d' ; din 1 ib· r . ,ting rrJl 'l .f rom t h r) P o r t u g u'"lsrJ c o l o n í ..,l i s t s . q v ~s t q Tim n " lndtim 8 . , g"'\inVH} h" 'v h""dtotu rn ou r figh ting f( l rcr ,s ' l round f r omt h n Wn s t " 'nd f " ' cn t h " 'm E "s t ,t od -, f ~ nc-1 ou r p oplni nt h "" rr•""r -=--gqí n s t · t h " ' : : t t~ cks o f IY lPL i i .E vnr yt im n IIJr :d ot h i si t sln11 r s rloi~Jn 1 considnr"'~bly -ou r :1d v•n cn wns t v.l'~ rd s . I tis 9lV1:1YS P ith ·hq " 'VY h ear t st h a tw s fa c et h o s e unp1R a s an t t ~sks . I tis n n g~tiv n ~n~ cou n ter-produ~ti~e . l ta c h i v o sn o t h i n g .I tm at t Rr sn o t who wi n s e ach p a r t i c u l a rc o n f r o n t "lt i o n .I tis t h R imp er f al i st s · ,t h ec o l o n iA rI

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