Computer Graphics Programming in OpenGL with C++ [3 ed.] 9781501522598

Table of contents :
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Contents
Preface
Intended Audience
How to Use This Book
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
Chapter 1 Getting Started
1.1 Languages and Libraries
1.1.1 C++
1.1.2 OpenGL / GLSL
1.1.3 Window Management
1.1.4 Extension Library
1.1.5 Math Library
1.1.6 Texture Management
1.1.7 Optional Libraries
1.2 Installation and Configuration
Chapter 2 The OpenGL Pipeline
2.1 The OpenGL Pipeline
2.1.1 C++/OpenGL Application
2.1.2 Vertex and Fragment Shaders
2.1.3 Tessellation
2.1.4 Geometry Shader
2.1.5 Rasterization
2.1.6 Fragment Shader
2.1.7 Pixel Operations
2.2 Detecting OpenGL and GLSL Errors
2.3 Reading GLSL Source Code from Files
2.4 Building Objects from Vertices
2.5 Animating a Scene
2.6 Organizing the C++ Code Files
Chapter 3 Mathematical Foundations
3.1 3D Coordinate Systems
3.2 Points
3.3 Matrices
3.4 Transformation Matrices
3.4.1 Translation
3.4.2 Scaling
3.4.3 Rotation
3.5 Vectors
3.5.1 Uses for Dot Product
3.5.2 Uses for Cross Product
3.6 Local and World Space
3.7 Eye Space and the Synthetic Camera
3.8 Projection Matrices
3.8.1 The Perspective Projection Matrix
3.8.2 The Orthographic Projection Matrix
3.9 Look-At Matrix
3.10 GLSL Functions for Building Matrix Transforms
Chapter 4 Managing 3D Graphics Data
4.1 Buffers and Vertex Attributes
4.2 Uniform Variables
4.3 Interpolation of Vertex Attributes
4.4 Model-View and Perspective Matrices
4.5 Our First 3D Program – a 3D Cube
4.6 Rendering Multiple Copies of an Object
4.6.1 Instancing
4.7 Rendering Multiple Different Models in a Scene
4.8 Matrix Stacks
4.9 Combating “Z-Fighting” Artifacts
4.10 Other Options for Primitives
4.11 Coding for Performance
4.11.1 Minimizing Dynamic Memory Allocation
4.11.2 Pre-Computing the Perspective Matrix
4.11.3 Back-Face Culling
Chapter 5 Texture Mapping
5.1 Loading Texture Image Files
5.2 Texture Coordinates
5.3 Creating a Texture Object
5.4 Constructing Texture Coordinates
5.5 Loading Texture Coordinates into Buffers
5.6 Using the Texture in a Shader: Sampler Variables and Texture Units
5.7 Texture Mapping: Example Program
5.8 Mipmapping
5.9 Anisotropic Filtering
5.10 Wrapping and Tiling
5.11 Perspective Distortion
5.12 Textures – Additional OpenGL Details
Chapter 6 3D Models
6.1 Procedural Models – Building a Sphere
6.2 OpenGL Indexing – Building a Torus
6.2.1 The Torus
6.2.2 Indexing in OpenGL
6.3 Loading Externally Produced Models
Chapter 7 Lighting
7.1 Lighting Models
7.2 Lights
7.3 Materials
7.4 ADS Lighting Computations
7.5 Implementing ADS Lighting
7.5.1 Gouraud Shading
7.5.2 Phong Shading
7.6 Combining Lighting and Textures
Chapter 8 Shadows
8.1 The Importance of Shadows
8.2 Projective Shadows
8.3 Shadow Volumes
8.4 Shadow Mapping
8.4.1 Shadow Mapping (PASS ONE) – “Draw” Objects from Light Position
8.4.2 Shadow Mapping (Intermediate Step) – Copying the Z-Buffer to a Texture
8.4.3 Shadow Mapping (PASS TWO) – Rendering the Scene with Shadows
8.5 A Shadow Mapping Example
8.6 Shadow Mapping Artifacts
8.7 Soft Shadows
8.7.1 Soft Shadows in the Real World
8.7.2 Generating Soft Shadows – Percentage Closer Filtering (PCF)
8.7.3 A Soft Shadow/PCF Program
Chapter 9 Sky and Backgrounds
9.1 Skyboxes
9.2 Skydomes
9.3 Implementing a Skybox
9.3.1 Building a Skybox from Scratch
9.3.2 Using OpenGL Cube Maps
9.4 Environment Mapping
Chapter 10 Enhancing Surface Detail
10.1 Bump Mapping
10.2 Normal Mapping
10.3 Height Mapping
Chapter 11 Parametric Surfaces
11.1 Quadratic Bézier Curves
11.2 Cubic Bézier Curves
11.3 Quadratic Bézier Surfaces
11.4 Cubic Bézier Surfaces
Chapter 12 Tessellation
12.1 Tessellation in OpenGL
12.2 Tessellation for Bézier Surfaces
12.3 Tessellation for Terrain / Height Maps
12.4 Controlling Level of Detail (LOD)
Chapter 13 Geometry Shaders
13.1 Per-Primitive Processing in OpenGL
13.2 Altering Primitives
13.3 Deleting Primitives
13.4 Adding Primitives
13.5 Changing Primitive Types
Chapter 14 Other Techniques
14.1 Fog
14.2 Compositing / Blending / Transparency
14.3 User-Defined Clipping Planes
14.4 3D Textures
14.5 Noise
14.6 Noise Application – Marble
14.7 Noise Application – Wood
14.8 Noise Application – Clouds
14.9 Noise Application – Special Effects
Chapter 15 Simulating Water
15.1 Pool Surface and Floor Geometry Setup
15.2 Adding Surface Reflection and Refraction
15.3 Adding Surface Waves
15.4 Additional Corrections
15.5 Animating the Water Movement
15.6 Underwater Caustics
Chapter 16 Ray Tracing and Compute Shaders
16.1 Compute Shaders
16.1.1 Compiling and Using Compute Shaders
16.1.2 Parallel Computing in Compute Shaders
16.1.3 Work Groups
16.1.4 Work Group Details
16.1.5 Work Group Limitations
16.2 Ray Casting
16.2.1 Defining the 2D Texture Image
16.2.2 Building and Displaying the Ray Cast Image
16.2.3 Ray-Sphere Intersection
16.2.4 Axis-Aligned Ray-Box Intersection
16.2.5 Output of Simple Ray Casting Without Lighting
16.2.6 Adding ADS Lighting
16.2.7 Adding Shadows
16.2.8 Non-Axis-Aligned Ray-Box Intersection
16.2.9 Determining Texture Coordinates
16.2.10 Plane Intersection and Procedural Textures
16.3 Ray Tracing
16.3.1 Reflection
16.3.2 Refraction
16.3.3 Combining Reflection, Refraction, and Textures
16.3.4 Increasing the Number of Rays
16.3.5 Generalizing the Solution
16.3.6 Additional Examples
16.3.7 Blending Colors for Transparent Objects
Chapter 17 Ray Tracing of Complex Models
17.1 Ray-Triangle Intersection
17.1.1 Mathematics for Ray-Triangle Intersection
17.1.2 Implementing Ray-Triangle Intersection
17.1.3 Ray Tracing Multiple Triangles
17.2 Ray Tracing an OBJ Model
17.2.1 OBJ Loading for Ray Tracing C++ side
17.2.2 OBJ Loading for Ray Tracing GLSL side
17.3 Ray Tracing Multiple OBJ Models
17.4 Bounding Volume Hierarchies (BVH)
17.4.1 Implementing a BVH – C++ Side
17.4.2 Transferring the BVH to the Compute Shader
17.4.3 Ray-BVH Collision Testing
17.4.4 Performance Comparison
Chapter 18 Stereoscopy for 3D Glasses and VR Headsets
18.1 View and Projection Matrices for Two Eyes
18.2 Anaglyph Rendering
18.3 Side-by-Side Rendering
18.4 Correcting Lens Distortion in Headsets
18.5 A Simple Testing Hardware Configuration
Appendix A Installation and Setup for PC (Windows)
Appendix B Installation and Setup for Macintosh
Appendix C Using the Nsight Graphics Debugger
Appendix D Building a Simple Camera Controller
Index

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