Clarence Darrow: A Bibliography [1 ed.] 081081384X, 9780810813847

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V.

I

Clarence Darrow: Bibliography Willahi D. Hunsberger

1072488

MET CLARENCE DARROW: A BIBLIO KF 213.D3H86

Clarence Darrow:

Bibliography by Willard D. Hunsberger GE __2P JSQmqsjCENTER 3

The Scarecrow Press, Inc. Metuchen, NJ., & London 1981

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Hunsberger, Willard D '1926— Clarence Darrow, a bibliography.

Includes index. 1. Darrow, Clarence . 1857-1938—Bibliography. I........^i'bi^.KF213.D3H86 016.3^573T0092’U CBJ 80-26317 ISBN O-81O8-1381|-X

Copyright © 1981 by Willard D. Hunsberger

Manufactured in the United States of America

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Harold S. Sharp, Footnotes to American History, A Bibliographic Source Book. Metuchen, N. J. : Scarecrow Press, 1977 Photo courtesy of Gale Research Company, Detroit, Michigan Index compiled by Pauline J. Hunsberger

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction

vii

Chronology

1

Part I

5

Darrow at a Glance

The Essential Darrow Standard Reference Books Containing Darrow Profiles Part II Part III

Writings by Clarence Darrow

Writings About Clarence Darrow

5 5

7

57

Part IV Reviews of Darrow’s Books

117

Part V Eight Famous Court Trials

123

1. 2. 3.

4. 5.

6.

7. 8.

Eugene V. Debs, Pullman Strike, 1894 (U. S. vs. Debs, 1895) William D. Haywood, 1907 (Idaho vs. Haywood) Los Angeles Times Bombing, 1910 (California vs^ McNamara, 1911) Darrow Bribery Trials, 1912-13 (California vs. Darrow) Leopold-Loeb Trial, 1924 (Illinois vs. LeopoldLoeb) Scopes Evolution Trial, 1925 (Tennessee vs. Scopes) Sweet Family Trials,1925-26 (Michigan vs. Sweet) Massie Trial, 1932(Hawaiivs. Massie)

Part VI

Index

Locations of Darrow Letters and Papers

123 132

139 146 150 160 179 184 187 193

INTRODUCTION Clarence Darrow (1857-1938) was America's greatest defense lawyer during his most active years between 1890-1930. He was much more than a criminal defense attorney, however; his interests and talents extended to many fields. He wrote essays on literature and art. He wrote short stories and novels, and above all, he was a popular lec­ turer and debater.

Darrow participated in over 2, 000 debates during his lifetime, covering such topics as capital punishment, prohibition, pacifism, heredity, free will, socialism, religion, evolution, prison reform, labor unions, and many more. These lectures and debates invar­ iably drew huge audiences, and crowds of 3,000 and more were not unusual. Likewise, his summations to the jury frequently brought overflow crowds to the courtroom where his conversational speaking style held audiences for hours at a time. During his career he served as defense attorney in nearly 2, 000 court cases. His obsessive dread of capital punishment led him to defend over 100 people on murder charges, saving them from execution by winning acquittal or life imprisonment for all of them except one. (The one man executed, Eugene Prendergast, had al­ ready been condemned to death in a previous trial; Darrow took the case on appeal in a vain attempt to save the man's life.) A study of Darrow is a study in paradoxes. He preached agnosticism, but practiced Christianity. He campaigned endlessly against Prohibition, but seldom drank liquor. He was a famous law­ yer, but his knowledge of law was scanty--he depended on emotional appeal to win cases. He said life was not worth living, but he fought desperately to save the lives of condemned criminals. He was cyn­ ical about the human race, but hopelessly sentimental toward the thousands of hapless individuals who sought his help. He was pessi­ mistic about the human race, but optimistic about individuals. "He was a sentimental cynic ... a happy pessimist ... a hopeful defeat­ ist" (Irving Stone, Clarence Darrow for the Defense). Many lawyers knew more law than Darrow, and many wrote better briefs, but no defense lawyer since his time has combined courtroom ability with a passionate social concern for the poor and underprivileged so successfully as did Darrow. Furthermore, fully one-third of his time was spent defending clients unable to pay him a fee.

Since his death in 1938, two anthologies of his writings and speeches have been published. In addition, a number of books have been written about him and his court cases, plus hundreds of maga­ zine articles. He is also the subject of more than 20 master’s the­ ses and doctoral dissertations. Undoubtedly studies will continue to be made of this multi-dimensional man who was called ’’the attorney for the damned.” Although many of his debates and lectures were not published, and many court transcripts with his summations are no longer avail­ able, a large body of published works remain.

This bibliography is an attempt to list all published writings by and about Darrow, reviews of his books, summaries and bibliog­ raphies of eight famous court cases, and locations of his letters and papers.

With some exceptions, this bibliography does not list references to newspaper reports other than the New York Times. For example, the Scopes Evolution Trial was reported in every major American and foreign newspaper during July, 1925. To find reports of this trial in another newspaper, one need simply to locate dates given for the New York Times reports, and apply those dates to the specific newspaper desired. Finally, since all items are listed in chronological order by date of publication, a particular item will appear each time it was republished. The index provides an alphabetical guide to the chron­ ological listings. Willard D. Hunsberger Indiana University-Purdue University at Fort Wayne, Indiana

CHRONOLOGY 1857-1938 The Ohio Years, 1857-87 1857

Born April 18, 1857, Farmdale, Ohio. Fifth of seven children born to Amirus and Emily (Eddy) Darrow, of Scotch-Irish descent. Father Amirus was trained as a Unitarian minister but became disillusioned with religion and turned to carpentry/cabinetmaking to earn a living, which he did at a precarious level. Father Amirus was an ardent believer in education and an avid reader. Mother Emily also read widely. Father became known as ’’village infidel” because of his unorthodox religious views.

1863-73

Family moved to Kinsman, Ohio, a short distance from Farmdale, where Darrow attended village school and high school (academy).

1872

Mother died.

1873- 74

Attended Allegheny College, Meadville, Pa.

1874- 76

Taught in District School, Vernon, Ohio. Took active part in weekly Town Square debates, usually taking the negative or unpopular side of debates.

1877- 78

Attended University of Michigan Law School.

1878- 80

Worked as clerk in law office, Youngstown, Ohio.

1880

Married Jessie Ohl, daughter of prominent Kinsman Fam­ ily, April 15, 1880.

1880-83

Established law office in Andover, Ohio, 10 miles from Kinsman. Small town, few clients.

1883

Son Paul Edward born, December 10, 1883.

1884-87

Moved to Ashtabula, Ohio, 30 miles from Andover. Es­ tablished law office. Larger town, more clients. Became involved in local politics. Elected to part-time post of borough solicitor.

Darrow was 15 years of age.

1

Clarence Darrow

Establishment Lawyer, 1887-95

1887

Age 30. Moved to Chicago, opened law office. Became actively involved with local politics. Formed close friend­ ship with Judge John Peter Altgeld, who later became Gov­ ernor of Illinois (1892-96).

1890-92

Appointed to legal staff for City of Chicago. Rose to po­ sition of chief corporation counsel for City of Chicago. Became active member of the Sunset Club, composed of ChicagoTs political and social elite.

1892-95

Served as corporation counsel for Chicago & Northwestern Railway.

Anti-Establishment Labor Lawyer, Radical, and Would-be Writer

with Chicago & Northwestern Railway to Debs in Chicago Pullman Strike case. publicity as a champion of labor rights was convicted.

1895

Resigned position defend Eugene V. Achieved national even though Debs

1896

Defeated in bid for seat in U. S. House of Representatives on Democratic ticket. William Jennings Bryan, candidate for President, and John Peter Altgeld, candidate for reelec­ tion as Governor, also defeated on same ticket.

1897

Divorced from wife Jessie.

1898

Won acquittal for Thomas I. Kidd and striking woodworkers against Paine Lumber Company, Oshkosh, Wisconsin.

1899

A Persian Pearl and Other Essays published,

1902

Elected to Illinois Legislature as an Independent. Easy Lessons in Law series of short stories published in Chicago American newspaper. Resist Not Evil published. Pacifist philosophy.

1903

Formed law partnership with poet Edgar Lee Masters. (Partnership ended in 1911.) Served as counsel for United Mine Workers at U.S. Anthracite Coal Arbitration Commis­ sion Hearings, Scranton, Pa. Married Ruby Hamerstrom, July 16, 1903.

1904

Farmington published. hood.

1905

An Eye for an Eye published.

1907

Won acquittal for Western Federation of Miners official

Autobiographical novel of his child­ Naturalistic novel.

Chronology

3

William D. Haywood in dynamite death of ex-Governor Frank Steunenberg, Boise, Idaho. 1911

Defended McNamara Brothers in Los Angeles Times build­ ing dynamite case.

1912-13

Indicted on two counts of jury bribery in connection with McNamara Trial. Won acquittal in first trial, deadlocked jury in second trial.

Lecturer, Debater and World Famous Attorney, 1913-32

1913

Returned to Chicago after spending two years in Los An­ geles for McNamara Trial and his jury bribery trials. Opened law office with Peter Sissman.

1913-32

Gave hundreds of lectures, participated in over 2, 000 de­ bates.

1917-18

Relinquished Pacifist philosophy. Participated in speaking tours on behalf of U. S. Government advocating American entry in World War I.

1920

Unsuccessfully defended 20 Communists charged with advo­ cating overthrow of government, Chicago. Also defended Benjamin Gitlow on same charge, New York.

1922

Crime:

1924

Saved Leopold and Loeb from execution in sensational murder of Bobby Franks, Chicago.

1925

Scopes Evolution (’’Monkey”) Trial. Dramatic confrontation between Darrow and William Jennings Bryan, Dayton, Ten­ nessee.

1925-26

Defended Black physician Dr. Ossian Sweet and family in two trials. First ended with deadlocked jury. Won ac­ quittal in second trial.

1927

Won acquittal in Greco-Carrillo murder trial, New York. Retired from active law practice at age 70.

1929-30

Took extended vacation with wife in Europe (June, 1929 to March, 1930).

1931

’’The Mystery of Life” motion picture film on evolution released by Universal Pictures. Darrow appeared in and narrated film.

1932

Defended Lt. Thomas Massie and others in Massie murder

Its Cause and Treatment published.

4

Clarence Darrow case, Honolulu. biography.

The Story of My Life published.

Auto-

Final Years, 1934-38

1934-35

Chairman of National Recovery Administration (NRA) Re­ view Board appointed by President Roosevelt.

1938

Died at age of 80, March 13, 1938. Jackson Park, Chicago.

Ashes scattered in

I.

DARROW AT A GLANCE

The Essential Darrow

The five works listed below give a good overall picture of Darrow’s life and thought. The first two books are collections of his writings. The following three volumes are full-length biographies of Darrow. All five books are currently in print and readily available in most libraries. Darrow, Clarence. Attorney for the Damned. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. Foreword by William O. Douglas. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957. 552 pp. A collection of thirteen of Darrow’s speeches, including nine courtroom addresses of his most famous court trials, with ex­ cellent background notes by editor Weinberg. Darrow, Clarence. Verdicts out of Court. Edited with an introduc­ tion by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963. 448 pp. (Reprinted, Arno Press, 1975) A collection of 33 of Darrow’s essays, debates, lectures and articles given outside the courtroom. Good introduction and background notes by the editors.

Stone, Irving. Clarence Darrow for the Defense: A Biography. Garden City" N. Y.: Doubleday, 1941. 570 pp. (Reprinted, 1949) Popular biography of Darrow by the author of many biograph­ ical novels. Tierney, Kevin. Darrow: A Biography. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1979. 496 pp. A critical and comprehensive biography of Darrow. Ex­ tensively researched and well written, this biography is excel­ lent both for the general reader and for the scholar.

Weinberg, Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Clarence Darrow: A Sentimen­ tal Rebel. New York: G. P. Putnam, 1980. 462 pp. An excellent biography by the foremost authorities on Darrow. It is well written and contains material from sources not previous­ ly available. 5

6

Clarence Darrow

Standard Reference Books Containing Darrow Profiles

The following standard reference books, available in most libraries, contain brief biographical profiles of Darrow. In addition, general encyclopedias, (not listed here) such as Collier's, World Book, Amer icana, and Britannica contain brief profiles of Darrow. American Book of Days. 3rd ed. Compiled and edited by Jane M. Hatch. New York: H. W. Wilson, 1978, p. 247-49. Dictionary of American Biography. New York: Sons, 1958, Vol. 22, p. 141-44.

Charles Scribner’s

Illinois Authors and a Literary Map of Illinois. By J. N. Hook. Urbana: Illinois Association of Teachers of English, 1952.

National Cyclopaedia of American Biography. White, 1939, Vol. 27, p. 4-6.

New York:

James T.

Ohio Authors and Their Books; Biographical Data and Selective Bib­ liographies for Ohio Authors, Native and Resident, 179 6-1950. Edited by William Coyle. Cleveland: World Publishing Co. , 1962, p. 154-56. Oxford Companion to American Literature. 4th ed. By James D. Hart. Nev; York: Oxford University Press, 1965, p. 206.

Reader’s Encyclopedia. By William R. Benet. Y. Crowell, 1965, p. 251-52.

New York:

Thomas

Reader’s Encyclopedia of American Literature. By Max J. Herz­ berg. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1962, p. 237. Twentieth Century Authors, A Biographical Dictionary of Modern Literature. By Stanley J. Kunitz. New York: H. W. Wilson, 1942, p. 349-50. Who Was Who Among North American Authors, 1921-1939. Gale Research Co. , 1976.

Detroit:

Who Was Who in America; A Companion Volume to Who’s Who in America. Chicago: Marquis Who’s Who, 1943, Vol. 1, p. 295.

II.

WRITINGS BY CLARENCE DARROW

1889

1

’’The Workingman and the Tariff.” Chicago Herald, 21 February 1889, p. 2. Text of Darrow’s speech at the Democratic Tariff Reform Convention. It is a rather dull, plodding speech in contrast to the speech by the previous speaker on the program, Henry George, the famous economist, who was interrupted numerous times by cheers and applause. Darrow’s speech, however, evidently impressed the influential crowd because it propelled him from relative obscurity into the high political and social circles of Chicago. 1890

2

Drones and Parasites.

Chicago:

C. H. Kerr?, 1890.

1891 3

’’The State, its Functions and Duties.” In Echoes of the Sunset Club; Comprising a Number of Papers Read, and Addresses Delivered Before the Sunset Club of Chicago During the Past 2 Years. Compiled by W. W. Catlin. Chicago: Howard, Bartels, 1891, p. 155-59. Essay on government and the theory of nonresistance to evil. 1893

4

’’Woman Suffrage.” In Sunset Club Yearbook, 1891-1892. Chicago: Sunset Club, 1893, p. 25-37. Address in favor of granting women the right to vote. cludes commentary of other members.

4a ’’Shall the World’s Fair Be Open on Sunday?” In Sunset Club Yearbook, 1891-92. Chicago: Sunset Club, .1893, p. 21. Argument for opening Fair on Sundays.

5

’’The Eight Hour Day. ”

In Sunset Club Yearbook, 1891-92.

7

In­

Clarence Darrow

8 Chicago: Sunset Club, 1893, p. 71. Argument in favor of the eight hour day.

6 ’’Realism in Literature and Art.” Arena (Boston), IX (Decem­ ber 1893), p. 98-113. Essay advocating realism instead of Puritan platitudes in literature and art. This is the first of Darrow’s literary es­ says to be published. 1894

7 ’’Free Trade or Protection?” Current Topics (Chicago), (April 1894), p. 789-95. Argument for free trade and against tariffs. 8

’’Moral Courage Rarer Than Physical Bravery. ” Open Court (Chicago), VIII (17 May 1894), p. 4082-83. Tribute to General Matthew Mark Trumbull at his death.

9 ’’Realism vs. Idealism in Literature and Art. ” In Sunset Club Yearbook, 1892-93. Chicago: Sunset Club, 1894, p. 115-16. Similar to item number 6.

10

’’Should Congress Allow World’s Fair to Be Open on Sunday?” In Sunset Club Yearbook, 1892-93. Chicago: Sunset Club, 1894, p. 79. Similar to item number 4a.

11 Argument for Petitioners, Ex Parte Eugene V. Debs et al, in the Supreme Court of the United States, October Term 1894. n. p. 1894. 97 pp. Habeas Corpus petition to the Supreme Court on behalf of Eugene V. Debs and the officers of the American Railway Union following their arrest in the Pullman Strike. 1895 12

”In Re Debs.” U. S. Supreme Court Reports, CLVIII (1895), p. 564. Brief and argument to the Supreme Court in Pullman Strike Case.

13

’’The Tyranny of Public Opinion. ” In Sunset Club Yearbook, 1893-94. Chicago: Sunset Club, 1895, p. 38. Public opinion not a reliable guide for one’s beliefs.

14

Rights and Wrongs of Ireland; an Address Delivered at Central Music Hall, Chicago, Nov. 23, 1895, on the Anniversary of the Execution of Allen, Larkin and O’Brien. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1895? 32 pp. An address advocating the cause of Irish independence.

Writings by Darrow

9 1896

15

’’Strikes and Injunctions.” In Sunset Club Yearbook, 1894-95. Chicago: Sunset Club, 1896, p. 22-23. “ This topic was discussed at the Sunset Club shortly after Darrow’s defense of Debs in the Pullman Strike.

1899

16 ’’The Revenue Law as it Should be.” The Public (Chicago), n (4 November 1899), p. 14-15. Article critical of the tax laws. 17 Argument of Clarence S. Darrow in the Case of the State of Wisconsin vs. Thos. I. Kidd, George Zentner and Michael Troiber for Conspiracy Arising out of the Strike of Woodworkers at Oshkosh, Wisconsin^ Chicago: Campbell Printers, 1899. 80 pp. William Dean Howells called this summation ”as interesting as a novel” (quoted in item 308). Defendants attempted to strike and were charged with conspiracy to injure the Paine Lumber Company. Trial held in Municipal Court, Oshkosh, November 1898. Darrow won acquittal for the defendants.

18 A Persian Pearl, and Other Essays. East Aurora, N. Y. : Roycroft Shop, 1899. 175 pp. Contains five essays, including ”A Persian Pearl” (essay on The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam); ’’The Skeleton in the Closet” (essay advocating facing up to past mistakes without fear or shame); ’’Walt Whitman” (essay on writer he greatly admired); ’’Realism in Literature and Art” (essay previously published in 1893, 1894); ’’Robert Burns” (essay on another writer greatly admired by Darrow). This volume was printed in a limited edition of 980 copies. 19 Realism in Literature and Art. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1899. 29 pp. Reprint of essay previously published in 1893 (item 6). 1900 20

’’Annexation of Hawaii.” In Sunset Club Yearbook, 1898-99. Chicago: Sunset Club, 1900. p. 50-55. Darrow opposed annexation of Hawaii because of obligation of United States to defend territory so far away.

21 Argument of Clarence S. Darrow in the Case of the State of Wis­ consin vs. Thos. I. Kidd, George Zentner and Michael Troiber for Conspiracy Arising out of the Strike of Woodworkers at Oshkosh, Wisconsin. 2nd ed. Chicago: Campbell Printers, 1900. 80 pp. Second edition of work published in 1899.

Clarence Darrow

10 1901

22

’’The Problem of the Negro. ” International Socialist Review (Chicago), II (1 November 1901), p. 321-35. Pessimistic assessment of the chances for racial justice in the United States. Speech delivered to a Black audience at the Men’s Club, May 19, 1901.

23

’’The Suppression of Vice and Crime in Chicago. ” In Sunset Club Yearbook, 1899-1901. Chicago: Sunset Club, 1901, p. 312-16. Darrow’s ideas, repeated many times in later debates, expressed here the futility of trying to suppress vice and crime because the fault is society’s as much as the individ­ ual. 1902

24

’’Tolstoi.” Rubric (Chicago), I (January 1902), p. 21-38. Essay on the great Russian writer.

25

’’Latest Literary Sensation, ’Mary MacLane is Little Short of Miracle’ Says Clarence Darrow. ” Chicago American, 4 May 1902, Sec. 2, p. 2. Darrow’s review of the The Story of Mary MacLane, an autobiography. Entire page of newspaper is devoted to this review. ’’Easy Lessons in Law”

The following series of short stories entitled ’’Easy Lessons in Law” were published in the Sunday edition of the Chicago American newspaper on 13 successive Sundays beginning on July 6, 1902. The stories are full of bitter satire against the big railroads, business interests, and the injustice of laws which favored the wealthy over the common workingman. Based on actual incidents, these stories were written to il­ lustrate the injustice of the doctrine of assumed risk and the doc­ trine of fellow servant, both well established in legal practice. The characters portrayed in the stories show the severe consequences of these laws. The pieces deliver a message with sledge hammer ferocity, and established Darrow as a radical and a champion of the poor workingman. 26

’’Easy Lessons in Law; Doctrine of Assumed Risk. ” Chicago American, 6 July 1902, ed. sec., p. 1. Story of John Swanson, worker in a saw mill whose hand is cut off at work because the mill owner refused to provide safety guards for the saws. Court ruled that the worker as­ sumed the risk when he took the job. Worker’s son replaces the father in the same job at half the wages the father re-

Writings by Darrow

11

ceived. Mill owner muses to himself how kind he is to pro­ vide a job for the son of a former employee, now handicapped. 27

"Easy Lessons in Law; Doctrine of Assumed Risk. " Chicago American, 13 July 1902, ed. sec., p. 2. Story of James Clark, a farm boy who went to Chicago to seek his fortune. He became a structural steel worker, married, and had a family. One day he lost his balance and fell to his death. After much delay, the court decided the widow was not entitled to any compensation. The judge ruled that the builder was negligent in not providing safety scaf­ folding, but Clark assumed the risk when he took the job. Story notes that even in ancient Rome the Emperor Trajan decreed that safety nets be provided for the circus acrobats, but that was ’before Christianity and commercialism. "

28

"Easy Lessons in Law; Doctrine of Assumed Risk. " Chicago American, 20 July 1902, ed. sec. p. 2. Story of Patrick Connor, who had to change his name to get a job after being blacklisted following a railroad strike. He finally lands a job with a freight line, walking along the tops of the moving freight cars. He is killed one night as the train plunges into a tunnel. He was unaware of the ap­ proaching tunnel because the warning ropes were blown out of the way by the high wind. His survivors were not en­ titled to any compensation because he assumed the risk when he took the job.

29

"Easy Lessons in Law; Doctrine of Assumed Risk. " Chicago American, 27 July 1902, ed. sec., p. 2. Story of Tony Salvador, an immigrant who worked at cleaning switches in a railroad yard. One day a locomotive runs over him as he works. The penniless amputee then tries to eke out a living selling popcorn on Clark Street. Railroad does not compensate him because he assumed the risk when he took the job. "It is strange how much easier it is to get money when your leg has been taken off by a cannon ball than when it has been crushed by a car wheel. "

30

"Easy Lessons in Law; Doctrine of Fellow Servant. " Chicago American, 3 August 1902, ed. sec. , p. 2. Story of the rise of the infamous doctrine of fellow ser­ vant based on Fowler vs. Priestly in England, 1836. "Priestly is dead, Fowler is dead, the judge is dead . . . but the decision, bound in calf, is still busy with its deadly work. " Hank Clarey, a railroad yard switchman, is killed as a result of negligence by another switchman. His family receives nothing, but the family of a soldier killed in the Philippines receives a pension.

31

"Easy Lessons in Law; Doctrine of Fellow Servant. " Chicago American, 10 August 1902, ed. sec., p. 2. Story of Harace Bartlett, a millionaire, and Robert Hunt,

12

Clarence Darrow

a workman earning $45 a month, both killed in a train ac­ cident. Widow Bartlett receives $5,000 out of court settle­ ment. Widow Hunt receives nothing since her husband was an employee of the railroad, and accident was caused by a fellow workman. Widow Bartlett goes to Nice to drown her sorrow; Widow Hunt goes home and does laundry for the ne ighbors. 32

"Easy Lessons in Law; Influences that Make the Law. " Chicago American, 17 August 1902, ed. sec., p. 2. An essay depicting the influence of the wealthy upper class on legislation favorable to them at the expense of the working man.

33

"Easy Lessons in Law; A Story with a Pleasant Ending. " Chi­ cago American, 24 August 1902, ed. sec., p. 2. Story of John Rich, a house painter who lost his leg in a streetcar accident. After years of court trials and appeals, a judgment of $9, 500 was awarded. After deducting expenses, he receives a little over $3,000. Title of story is ironic as John Rich is no longer able to work as a house painter.

34

"Easy Lessons in Law; Results of the Law’s Delay. " Chicago American, 31 August 1902, ed. sec., p. 2. Sequel to the story of John Rich, featured in the previous story. The son, Jimmie Rich, is forced to shine shoes and sell newspapers on the street to help with family finances. He quickly becomes a delinquent, and ends up with a five year jail term for stealing hams from a freight car.

35

"Easy Lessons in Law; Results of the Law’s Delay. ’’ Chicago American, 7 September 1902, ed. sec., p. 2. Sequel to the previous two stories. Lizzie Rich, the daughter, is forced to work in a laundry and cleaning plant at $2. 50 for a 55 hour week.

36

"Easy Lessons in Law; For the Public Good. " Chicago Amer­ ican, 14 September 1902, ed. sec. , p. 2. Story of Jane Lewis, whose lifetime ambition was to own a small home of her own. Finally, at the age of 60, after years of scrimping and saving, she and her husband moved into their new home. Shortly thereafter her husband died. Then she was informed by the railroad that her property was needed for a new line. She was paid a bare minimum, and after court costs was left with just enough to pay funeral ex­ penses for her husband, and take herself to the old people’s home.

37

"Easy Lessons in Law; Triumph of Justice. ’’ Chicago Ameri­ can, 21 September 1902, ed. sec., p. 2. Bitterly ironic story of William Henry who came to Chica­ go, bought some land, and because of legal complications, the land was tied up in court suits for the rest of his life. Finally, on his death bed, he received title to the land.

Writings by Darrow

13

38

’’Easy Lessons in Law; (Jimmie Stone). Chicago American, 28 September 1902, ed. sec. , p. . 3, 5. Story of Jimmie Stone, who invented a simple windmill, had it patented, only to discover that another company soon copied his design, and with slight variations, sold their windmill, leaving Jimmie Stone nothing.

39

’’Conduct and Profession. ” Rubric (Chicago), II (August 1902), p. 37-49. Essay on his philosophy of life.

40

’’Walt Whitman. ” Goose-Quill (Chicago), n (October 1902), p. 7-20. Essay first published in A Persian Pearl and Other Es­ says (items 18, 44).

41

’’The Breaker Boy. ” Chicago American, December 1902. Prof. Ravitz calls this story Darrow’s ’’most talented piece of fiction” to be published in the Chicago American (item 905). A poignant story of Johnny McCaffery who goes to work on the breaker (coal chute) at age 11, picking slate from the coal as it slides down the chute. For 40 years he works at a succession of jobs at the mine. Finally, after he is too old to mine coal, he is again sent to the breaker, thus completing the dismal cycle.

42

Crime and Criminals; An Address Delivered to the Prisoners in the Chicago County Jail. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1902. 16 pp. This speech shocked most citizens, but delighted most in­ mates, a few of whom thought he was too radical. He stated that crime would not increase even if all jails were abolished, and that there were as many law breakers outside as inside prison.

43

In Memory of John P. Altgeld; Address at the Funeral. Chica­ go: C. H. Kerr, 1902. 7 pp. Darrow’s remarks at the funeral of the former governor of Illinois. They were close friends and during his last years Altgeld was a partner in Darrow’s law firm.

44 A Persian Pearl and Other Essays. Chicago: C. L. Ricketts, 1902. 160 pp. Another edition of work first published in 1899 (item 18). 45

Resist Not Evil. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1902. 179 pp. Darrow’s philosophy of pacifism, crime and punishment, borrowed largely from Tolstoy. 1903

46

’’Little Louis Epstine. ”

Pilgrim (Detroit?) IX (December 1903),

Clarence Darrow

14

p. 9-10. Pathetic and sentimental short story of nine-year-old Louis Epstine, a one-armed newsboy in Chicago who struggles to buy a 48/ string of beads for his mother. During the bitter cold, his other hand becomes frostbitten and has to be ampu­ tated, thereby preventing him from achieving his goal. Story has some similarities with O. Henry’s ’’Gift of the Magi, ” and Abe Ravitz calls it a ’’Christmas story for muckrakers” (item 905). 47 John Turner Case Before Supreme Court: Argument, n. p. Free Speech League, 1903? Argument on behalf of John Turner, a British subject, against his deportation order. 48

United States ex rel. John Turner vs. William Williams, Commissioner, etc. Brief and Argument of Appellant. Chicago: H. C. Darrow, Law Printer, 1903. 187 pp. Appeal on behalf of Turner, who faced deportation order. 1904

49

Farmington. Chicago: A. C. McClurg, 1904. 277 pp. Darrow’s first novel. It is largely autobiographical, de­ picting his childhood years in Kinsman, Ohio. Second edition also published in 1904.

50 The Open Shop. Social Economic Series. Chicago: Hammersmark Publishing Co., 1904. 32 pp. An appeal to enforce the closed shop as a means of pre­ serving gains made by labor unions. 51

A Persian Pearl, and Other Essays. Chicago: Hammersmark Publishing Co., 1904. 160 pp. Reissue of editions published in 1899 and 1902 (items 18, 44).

52

Resist Not Evil. London: Bell, 1904. Reprint of 1902 edition (item 45).

179 pp.

1905 53

’’Literary Style.” Tomorrow (Chicago), I (January 1905), p. 25-29. ------------Article is critical of the writing of most educated people. Darrow was co-editor of this magazine for a short time.

54

"The Chicago Traction Question. ” International Quarterly, (New York), XII (October 1905), p. 13-22. Article outlines implications of franchise rights of street car company.

Writings by Darrow

55

15

An Eye for an Eye. New York: Fox, Duffield, 1905. 213 pp. Darrow’s second novel. Story of Jim Jackson and his struggles with poverty and the circumstances that led him to commit murder. It predates, but deals with the same social problems as, the novels of Theodore Dreiser and Upton Sin­ clair.

1907

56

’’Closing Speech in Haywood Case.” New York Times, 19 July 1907, p. 2. ----------------------Contains excerpts of Darrow’s summation to jury in Hay­ wood Trial.

57

’’Acquittal of Haywood. ” Mirror (St. Louis), XVII (1 August 1907) , p. 3. Comment on the Haywood Trial.

58

’’Darrow’s Speech in the Haywood Case. ” Wayland*s Monthly (Girard, KS. ), no. 90, (October 1907). Text of final appeal in Haywood Trial. Full speech re­ quired 11 hours to deliver.

59

Argument of Clarence S. Darrow in the Case of State of Idaho Against Steve Adams at Wallace, Idaho, February, 1907. Denver: n. p. , 1907? 47 pp. Steve Adams Trial was prelude to Haywood Trial for dyna­ mite death of ex-governor Frank Steunenberg.

60

Crime and Criminals; An Address Delivered to the Prisoners in the Chicago County Jail. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1907. 27 PP. Reprint of speech first published in 1902 (item 42). 1908

61

’’The Breaker Boy. ” Everyman (Los Angeles), VH (June 1908), p. 185-99. Reprinted from Chicago American, December 1902 (item 41).

62

’’Mystery of the Law. ” Everyman (Los Angeles), VII (October 1908) , p. 321-27. Reprint of ’’Easy Lessons in Law” series published in the Chicago American, 10 August 1902, under the title, ’’Doctrine of Fellow Servant, ” the story of the Widows Bartlett and Hunt (item 31).

63

’’Little Louis Epstine. ” Everyman (Los Angeles), VII (December 1908), p. 389-99. Short story reprinted from Pilgrim, December 1903 (item 46).

Clarence Darrow

16 64

’’Russia’s Message. ” Arena (Boston), XL (December 1908), p. 584-91.

65

Darrow’s Speech in the Haywood Case. Girard, KS.: Wayland, 1908. Ill pp. Text of summation address in Haywood Trial.

66

The Moyer-Haywood Outrage. New York: Moyer-Haywood La­ bor Conference, 1908? 4 pp. Excerpt from speech to the jury in Steven Adams Trial (item 59).

67

Silma Silmasta (An Eye for an Eye). Suomennos Englanninkielesta, 1908. Finnish translation of Darrow’s novel first published in 1905 (item 55).

J. A.

1909

68

’’The Hold-up Man. ” International Socialist Review (Chicago) IX (February 1909), p. 594-97. Darrow says increased burglary occurs in winter, and jails fill up because jail provides a warm place to stay for those who have no other place to go to.

69

’’The U.S. Prosperity Bulletin.” Mirror (St. Louis), XIX (29 October 1909), p. 7. Comment on the choice of serving in the army or working.

70

The Open Shop. Chicago: S. A. Bloch, 1909. 32 pp. Reprint of pamphlet first published in 1904 (item 50).

71

The Open Shop. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1909. Reprint of previous item.

72

Speech of Hon. Clarence S. Darrow of Chicago at the Opera House, Youngstown, Ohio, Sunday, May 2, 1909. n. p. n. d. Anti-Prohibition speech. For newspaper account of this speech see item 415.

32 pp.

1910 73

’’The Late Elections. ” Mirror (St. Louis), XX (17 November 1910), p. 1-2. Comments on the state and national elections of 1910.

74

’’Patriotism. ” International Socialist Review (Chicago), XI (19101911), p. 159-60. ’’When a man waves the flag with his right hand, it is well to see what he is doing with his left. ”

Writings by Darrow

17

75

Crime and Criminals; An Address Delivered to the Prisoners in Chicago County Jail. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1910. ' 27 PP« Reprint of speech published in 1902, 1907 (items 42, 60).

76

(Debate). Darrow-Lewis Debate. The Theory of Non-resistance, For: Clarence S. Darrow. Against: Arthur M. Lewis. Chairman: Herbert C. Duce . .. Garrick Theatre, Chicago, Feb. 6 1910. Chicago: Workers University Society, 1910. 48 pp. Text of debate on Marxist philosophy (force and violence) and the Tolstoy philosophy (nonresistance).

77

Liberty Versus Prohibition; Stenographic Report of Address at New Bedford, Mass. Under the Auspices of the New England Labor League. New York: Allied Printing Trades Council, 1910. 23 pp. Anti-Prohibition speech.

78

The Open Shop. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1910. 31 pp. Reprint of previous editions published in 1904, 1909 (items 50, 70, 71).

1911 79

"Our American Yeomanry. " ruary 1911), p. 7.

80

"Why Men Fight for the Closed Shop. " American Magazine, LXXI (September 1911), p. 544-51. Advocates closed shop in order to preserve gains of labor unions.

81

(Debate). Marx vs. Tolstoy; A Debate Between Clarence S. Darrow and Arthur M. Lewis. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1911. 124 pp. Text of debate with Socialist Arthur M. Lewis (item 76).

82

(Debate). Marx vs. Tolstoi; A Debate Between Clarence S. Darrow and Arthur M. Lewis. People’s Pocket Series No. T5L Girard, KS.”: Appeal lo Reason, 1911? 56 pp. Reprint of previous item.

Mirror (St. Louis), XX (16 Feb­

1912 83

"Darrow Closes in Tears. " New York Times, 16 August 1912, p. 10. Excerpts of Darrow’s speech in his own defense at bribery trial, Los Angeles.

84 Industrial Conspiracies.

Portland, OR.:

Turner, Newman &

Clarence Darrow

18

Knispel, 1912. 32 pp. Lecture delivered at Heilig Theatre, Portland, Oregon, September 10, 1912.

85

Plea of Clarence Darrow in His Own Defense to the Jury That Exonerated Him of the Charge of Bribery at~Los Angeles" August, 1912. Los Angeles: Golden Press, 1912. 59 pp. Text of speech to the jury in bribery trial. Generally considered one of Darrow’s greatest speeches. Many were in tears at close of speech. Jury returned verdict of not guilty within half an hour.

1913 86

’’Address on John Brown. ” Everyman (Los Angeles), IX (March 1913), p. 9-12. Speech delivered to the Radical Club, San Francisco, De­ cember, 1912.

87

’’Second Plea of Clarence Darrow in His Own Defense. ” man (Los Angeles), IX (May 1913), p. 3-24. Speech at his second trial for bribery.

88

’’Clarence Darrow on Land and Labor. ” Everyman (Los Ange­ les), IX (June 1913), p. 13-21. Speech to the Single Tax League in Los Angeles, 27 March 1913.

89

’’Crime and Criminals. ” Everyman (Los Angeles), p. IX (August 1913), p. 11-16. Reprint of speech previously published in 1902 (items 42, 60, 75.

90

’’Henry George. ” Everyman (Los Angeles), IX (September-October 1913), p. 17-22. Speech to the Single Tax Club, Chicago, 19 September 1913.

91

’’Industrial Conspiracies. ” Everyman (Los Angeles), IX (November-December 1913), p. 19-26. Reprint of item 84.

92

Crime and Criminals; An Address Delivered to the Prisoners in the Chicago County Jail. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1913. 31 pp. Reprint of speech first published in 1902 (items 42, 60, 75, 89).

93

An Eye for an Eye. New York: Duffield, 1913. 213 pp. Reprint of novel first published in 1905 (items 55, 67).

Every­

Writings by Darrow

19

1914 94

’’Voltaire.” Everyman (Los Angeles), IX (January-February 1914), p. 19-31. Speech on Voltaire’s life and thought to the Chicago So­ ciety of Rationalism, 11 January 1914.

95

’’Armies and Navies. ” Everyman (Los Angeles), X (AugustSeptember 1914), p. 21-22. Excerpt from Darrow’s book, Resist Not Evil, published 1902 (item 45).

96

’’Right of Revolution. ” Everyman (Los Angeles), X (AugustSeptember 1914), p. 22-25. Excerpts from speech, The Rights and Wrongs of Ire­ land, published in 1895 (item 14).

97

’’Clarence Darrow on the War. ” Everyman (Los Angeles), X (October-November 1914), p. 21-28. Address in Chicago, 8 October 1914.

98

’’Clarence Darrow on the Single Tax. ” Everyman (Los Ange­ les), X (October-November 1914). Commentary on Henry George’s single tax theory.

99

’’The Cost of War. ” International Socialist Review (Chicago), XV (1914-1915), p. 361-62. Financial and social costs of war.

100

The Skeleton in the Closet. Riverside, CT.: Bursch, 1914. 53 pp. Pamphlet edition of the essay previously published in A Persian Pearl and Other Essays (items 18, 44, 51).

1915 101

”If Men Had Opportunity. ” Everyman (Los Angeles), X (January-February 1915), p. 21-24. Labor Day address given at San Francisco, 12 September 1912, to audience of over 5, 000.

102

’’Address to the Prisoners at Joliet. ” Everyman (Los Ange­ les), XI (November 1915), p. 13-18. Speech given at Joliet, Illinois, penitentiary, June, 1914.

103

’’Not a Milk and Water Theory; Clarence Darrow on Nonre­ sistance. ” Everyman (Los Angeles), XI (December 1915), p. 11-15. Excerpts from the debate with Arthur M. Lewis on Marx vs. Tolstoy (items 76, 81, 82).

104

’’Straight Talk to the Rails. ” International Socialist Review (Chicago), XVI (1915-16), p. 718-20.

Clarence Darrow

20

1916 105

"An Appeal for the Despoiled. ’’ Everyman (Los Angeles), XI (January 1916), p. 9-12. Excerpt from Darrow’s plea to the jury in the Wisconsin vs. Kidd Case, 1898 (items 17, 21).

106

"Robert Burns. " Everyman (Los Angeles), XI (February 1916), p. 9-13. Essay on Robert Burns reprinted from A Persian Pearl and Other Essays, first published in 1899 (items 18, 44” 51).

107

"The Skeleton in the Closet. " Everyman (Los Angeles), XI (May 1916), p. 11-14. Essay reprinted from A Persian Pearl and Other Essays, published in 1899 (items T8^ 44” 51).

108

"Nietzsche. " Athena (Chicago?), I (June-July 1916), p. 6-16. Essay on life and thought of German philosopher Fried­ rich Nietzsche.

109

"The Land Belongs to the People. " Everyman (Los Angeles), XI (September 1916), p. 9-10. Comment on the Single Tax theory.

110

"Address Delivered at the Funeral Service of John Howard Moore. " Athena (Chicago?) II (October 1916), p. 21-23. Moore, married to Darrow’s sister Jennie, was a Chica­ go high school teacher and author of many books on educa­ tion and ethics.

111

"Crime and Economic Conditions. " International Socialist Re­ view (Chicago), XVII (1916), p. 219-22. Crime is caused by poverty and environmental conditions.

112

Voltaire. Park Ridge, IL.: n. p. , 1916. 18 pp. Essay previously published in Everyman, 1914 (item 94). 1917

113

"Schopenhauer. " Liberal Review (Chicago?) II (March 1917), p. 9-23. Essay on life and philosophy of German philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer.

114

’’Brief for the War. " Liberal Review (Chicago?) II (July 1917). Reply to a letter from Daniel Kiefer who chided Darrow for switching from pacifism to active participation in the war effort. Darrow states that he became convinced that pacifism was not a practical philosophy for a nation to

Writings by Darrow

21

follow, but that he still adhered to the philosophy as an ideal. 115

(Debate). Is Life Worth Living? Debate Between George Burman Foster and Clarence Darrow. Chicago: J. F. Higgins, 1917. 31 pp. Darrow, negative; Foster, affirmative. Under auspices of Workers University Society. Foster was a professor of religion at University of Chicago. 1918

116

The War, an Address . .. Under the Auspices of the National Security League, at Chicago, November 1, 1917. Patr iotism Through Education Series, No. 26. New York: National Security League, 1918. 19 pp. Discussion of causes of World War I and German parti­ cipation.

117

The War in Europe, A Lecture Delivered Before the Chicago Society of Rationalism, at Germania Theatre, Chicago. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1918. 31 pp. Commentary on World War I.

118

Response of Clarence Darrow to Birthday Greetings, April 18, 1918. Chicago: Walden Book Shop, 1918. 30 pp. Remarks at dinner given in honor of his 61st birthday.

119

Voltaire, A Lecture Delivered in the Cort Theatre, Sunday Af­ ternoon, February 3, 1918, Under the Auspices of the Workers University Society, Arthur M. Lewis, Permanent Lecturer, for the Society, Presiding. New York: J. F. Higgins, Printer, 1918. 30 pp.

1919 120

Crime and Criminals; An Address Delivered to the Prisoners in the Chicago County Jail. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1919. 32 pp. Reprint of speech first published in 1902 (items 42, 60, 75, 89).

121

Farmington. 3rd ed. New York: B. W. Huebsch, 1919. 220 pp. Autobiographical novel first published in 1904 (item 49).

122

(Debate). Is the Human Race Permanently Progressing Toward a Better Civilization? Debate Between John C. Kennedy and Clarence Darrow. Chicago: J. F. Higgins, 1919. 31 pp. Debate under auspices of the Workers University Society. Kennedy was an aiderman in Chicago’s 27th Ward.

Clarence Darrow

22 123

’’John P. Altgeld. ” In Remarks of Clarence Darrow at Mem­ orial Services to George Burman Foster and at the Funeral of John Peter Altgeld. Chicago: J. F. Higgins, 1919, p. 8-15. Address at Altgeld’s funeral first published in 1902 (item 43).

124 War Prisoners; Address at the Garrick Theatre, Chicago, Il­ linois, November 9, 1919. Chicago: J. F. Higgins, 1919. 26 pp. A defense of America’s entry into World War I, and a plea to release conscientious objectors and other prisoners jailed during the war. 125

’’George Burman Foster. ” In Remarks of Clarence Darrow at Memorial Services to George Burman Foster and at the Funeral of John Peter Altgeld. Chicago: J. F. Higgins, 1919, p. 1-7.

126

(Debate). Will Socialism Save the World? Affirmative: Prof, John C. Kennedy .. . Negative: Mr. Clarence Darrow . .. at the Garrick Theatre, Chicago, Ill. , January 26, 1919. Chicago: J. F. Higgins, 1919. 32 pp. Under auspices of Workers University Society. Kennedy was an aiderman in Chicago’s 27th Ward.

1920 127

"Woodrow Wilson. ’’ Reedy’s Mirror (St. Louis), XXIV (15 April 1920), p. 311-13. Sympathetic character sketch of President Wilson.

128

"Rules of Conduct. ’’ Reconstruction (New York), II (April 1920), p. 181-83. Excerpt from Farmington, his autobiographical novel first published in 1904 (item 49).

129 Address of Clarence Darrow in the Trial of Arthur Person in Rockford, Illinois, April 24, 1920. Rockford, IL.: Com­ munist Labor Party of Illinois, 1920. 32 pp. Summation speech at trial of Arthur Person, secretary of the local branch of the Communist Labor Party, charged with conspiracy to overthrow the government. He was ac­ quitted.

130

Argument of Clarence Darrow in the Case of the Communist Labor Party in the Criminal Court, Chicago. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1920. 116 pp. Twenty members of the Communist Labor Party were charged with conspiracy to overthrow the government. Darrow pleaded that free discussion was essential in a de­ mocracy, but he lost the case. However, the defendants

Writings by Darrow

23

were pardoned by the Governor of Illinois before they began serving their sentences. Also contains Darrow’s plea in his own defense at bribery trial, 1912 (item 85). 131

Defense of Free Speech.

132

(Debate). Is Civilization a Failure? Debate: Affirmative, Clarence S. Darrow; Negative, Prof. Frederick Starr. Chairman, Arthur M. Lewis. Held at the Garrick Theatre, Sunday Afternoon, Nov. 28, 1920, under the Auspices of the Workers University Society .. . Chicago: J. F. Higgins, 1920. 29 pp. Starr was an anthropologist at the University of Chicago.

133

(Debate). Darrow-Starr Debate; Is the Human Race Getting Anywhere? Frederick Starr, Yes; Clarence Darrow, No. Chicago: J. F. Higgins, 1920. 32 pp. Debate under the auspices of the Workers University So­ ciety, held at Garrick Theatre, Chicago, February 8, 1920.

134

(Debate). Is Life Worth Living? Negative, Clarence Darrow; Darrow Affirmative, :ive, Frederick Starr. Under the Auspices of the Workers University Society. Chicago: J. F. Higgins, 1920? 31 pp. Debate at Garrick Theatre, March 28, 1920.

135

The Open Shop. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1920. 32 pp. Reprint of Pamphlet first published in 1904 (item 50, 70, 71, 78).

136

Pessimism, A Lecture. Chicago: J. F. Higgins, 1920. 19 pp. Stenographic report of lecture delivered to the Rationalist Education Society at Kimball Hall, Chicago, January 11, 1920.

137

The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam. Little Blue Book no. 1. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1920? 61 pp. This essay previously published under title, ”A Persian Pearl” in 1899 (items 18, 44, 51).

Chicago:

C. H. Kerr?, 1920.

1921 138

(Debate). Has Religion Ceased to Function? Yes, Clarence Darrow; No, Shirley Jackson Case. Garrick Theatre, January 30, 1921, under the Auspices of the Workers University Society. Arthur M. Lewis, Chairman. Chicago: J. F. Higgins, 1921. 27 pp. Prof. Case was Chairman of the department of religion at University of Chicago.

139

How Voltaire Fooled Priest and King.

People’s Pocket Series

Clarence Darrow

24

no. 188. Girard, KS.: Appeal to Reason, 1921? 39 pp. Biographical essay on Voltaire’s life and thought. In­ cluded also is a brief article by Robert G. Ingersoll on ’’The Church in the Time of Voltaire. ”

140 Insects and Men: Instinct and Reason. Little Blue Book no. 53. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1921? 58 pp. Address before the Rationalist Society of Chicago regard­ ing the discoveries of the naturalist, Henri Fabre. Includes commentary by Hugh H. Martin and David Eccles. 141

. People’s Pocket Series no. 53. peal to Reason, 1921? 58 pp. Reprint of previous pamphlet.

Girard, KS.:

Ap­

142

’’Crime and Criminals. ” In Realism in Art and Literature, by Clarence Darrow. People’s Pocket Series no. 183. Girard, KS.: Appeal to Reason, 1921? p. 21-40. Reprint of speech first published in 1902 (items 42, 60, 75, 89).

143

Realism in Art and Literature. People’s Pocket Series no. 183. Girard, KS.: Appeal to Reason, 1921? 40 pp. Reprint of essay first published in 1893 (items 6, 9, 18, 19, 44, 51). Pamphlet also contains ’’Crime and Crimi­ nals, ” the speech to prisoners at Chicago, first published in 1902 (items 42, 60, 75, 89, 142).

1922

144 Crime; Its Cause and Treatment. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1922. 292 pp. Book length statement of his views on crime and punish­ ment. Says men become criminals because heredity and en­ vironmental forces drive him to it. ’’You might as well hang a man because he is ill as because he is a criminal. ” 145

’’Foreword. ” In The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, the Astronomer-Poet of Persia. East Aurora, N. Y.: Roycrofters, 1922. Darrow’s essay, ”A Persian Pearl” appears as the fore­ word to this edition of the famous classic.

146

’’Introduction. ” In John Reed Under the Kremlin, by Lincoln Steffens. Chicago: Printed by W. Ransom for Walden Book Shop, 1922. 13 pp. Only 235 copies of this pamphlet were printed.

147

”Is Religion Reasonable?” In A Discussion. Is Religion Reasonable? Mr. Clarence Darrow says No and to the Black Man it is Self-Stultification. Bishop Jones Says Yes it is the Universal Ground of Hope. A Challenge by

Writings by Darrow

25

Dr. Du Bois, Editor of the Crisis, The Objection and the Challenge Met, by George Frazier Miller. By George F. Miller. Brooklyn: Henne Press, 1922? 1923 148

"Darrow Asks W. J. Bryan to Answer These. " Chicago Trib­ une, 4 July 1923, p. 1, 12. Text of Darrow’s letter to the Tribune posing a list of questions to Bryan about the literal interpretation of the Bible.

1924 149

•• ’’Urges Life Terms for Franks Slayers. T! New York Times, 24 August 1924, p. 13. Excerpt of Darrow’s summation in the Leopold-Loeb Case.

150

’’You May Hang These Boys, But You Will Turn Your Faces to the Past. ” Chicago Herald-Examiner, 26 August 1924, p. 1, 3, 4, 5. Text of Darrow’s summation in the Leopold-Loeb Trial.

151

’’The Ordeal of Prohibition. ” American Mercury, II (August , 1924) p. 419-27. “ Article on the senseless infringement on individual rights as a result of Prohibition.

152

’’Insects and Men: Instinct and Reason. ” Kessinger’s Midwest Review, (Aurora, IL), III (October 1924^ p^ 22-27. Address before the Rationalist Society of Chicago regard­ ing the discoveries of the naturalist, Henri Fabre.

153

Attorney Clarence Darrow’s Plea for Mercy and Prosecutor Robert E. Crowe’s Demand for the Death Penalty in the Loeb-Leopold Case, the Crime of the Century. Chicago: Wilson Publishing Co., 1924? 163 pp. Includes decision, sentence, and summary of the facts of the case.

154

(Debate). Debate, Resolved: That Capital Punishment is a Wise Public Policy. Clarence Darrow, Negative; Judge Alfred J. Talley, Affirmative. Introduction by Louis Marshall. Foreword by Lewis E. Lawes. New York: League for Public Discussion, 1924. 62 pp. Text of debate with Judge Talley at the Metropolitan Opera House before a crowd of 3, 000, October 26 1924. Lewis E. Lawes, warden of Sing Sing Prison, appeared on the platform in support of the negative position.

155

Little Blue Book no. 883.

Girard, KS.:

Haldeman-

Clarence Darrow

26

Julius Co. , 1924. 63 pp. Reprint of previous pamphlet. Over 28, 000 copies of this booklet were sold in 1927, at 5/f each. (Emanuel Haldeman-Julius, The First Hundred Million. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1928, p^ 108.) 156

(Debate). Resolved: That the United States Continue the Poli­ cy of Prohibition as Defined in the Eighteenth Amendment. Clarence Darrow, Negative, Versus Rev. John Haynes Holmes, Affirmative. Introduction Hon. Royal S. Copeland. New York: League for Public Discussion, 1924. 74 pp. Text of debate held at the Metropolitan Opera House, De­ cember 14, 1924. Dr. Holmes was a popular preacher and was for many years minister of the Community Church, New York City.

157

. Little Blue Book no. 884. Julius Co., 1924. 64 pp. Reprint of previous item.

Girard, KS.:

Haldeman-

158

How Voltaire Fooled Priest and King. Julius Co., 1924? 51 pp. Biographical essay on Voltaire.

Girard, KS.:

Haldeman-

159

The Plea of Clarence Darrow, August 22, 23, and 25, 1924, in Defense of Richard Loeb and Nathan Leopold, Jr., on Trial for Murder. Authorized and revised edition together with a brief summary of the facts. Chicago: R. F. Sey­ mour, 1924. 121 pp. Summation speech at the Leopold-Loeb Trial.

160

The Skeleton in the Closet. Boston: International Pocket Li­ brary, 1924. 25 pp. Reprint of essay first published in 1899 (items 18, 44, 51).

161

’’Introduction. ” By Clarence Darrow and Walter Bachrach. In The Amazing Crime and Trial of Leopold and Loeb. Edited by Maureen McKernan. Chicago: Plymouth Court Press, 1924. 380 pp. Bachrach was assistant defense counsel in the LeopoldLoeb Trial. 1925

162

Bridges, Horace J. and Clarence Darrow. ’’Crime and Pun­ ishment. ” Century (New York), CIX (March 1925), p. 606-25. Article outlining causes of crime.

163

”A Lion in a Den of Daniels. ” J. U. H. ’s Weekly, II (13 June , 1925) p. 4. Darrow at the Scopes Trial.

Writings by Darrow

27

164

’’Argument by Darrow at Dayton Assailing Foes of Evolution. ” New York Times, 14 July 1925, p. 2. Text of Darrow’s speech at Scopes Trial.

165

’’Text of Bryan’s Nine Questions on Religion and Darrow’s Re­ plies to the Commoner. ” New York Times, 22 July 1925, p. 2.

166

’’Darrow Replies Briefly.” New York Times, 29 July 1925, p. 1, 8. “ Text of Bryan’s undelivered speech at the Scopes Trial, and Darrow’s rebuttal.

167

’’Closing Argument for the Defense in the Leopold-Loeb Murder Trial, Criminal Court of Cook County, Chicago, August 22, 23, 2 5, 1925. ” In Famous American Jury Speeches; Ad­ dresses Before Juries and Fact-Finding Tribunals. Collected and edited by Frederick C. Hicks. St. Paul: West Publishing Co., 1925, p. 992-1089. Complete text of Darrow’s summation at the LeopoldLoeb Trial.

168

’’Salesmanship. ” American Mercury, V (August 1925), p. 38592. Essay on salesmanship.

169

’’The Edwardses and the Jukeses. ” American Mercury, VI (October 1925), p. 147-57. Darrow’s ideas on heredity typified by the prominent Edwards Family of New England, and the infamous Jukes Family. The Jukes Family received public attention in Robert L. Dugdale, The Jukes; a Study in Crime, Pauper­ ism, Disease and Heredity. New York: G. P. Putnam, 1910. (Reprinted by Arno Press, 1970).

170 _____ In The Ordeal of Prohibition, by Clarence Darrow. Little Blue Book no. 974. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1925, p. 30-60. Reprint of article first published in American Mercury, 1924 and listed above (item 151).

171

(Debate). Is the Human Race Getting Anywhere? A Debate. Little Blue Book no. 911. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1925. 56 pp. Reprint of debate published in 1920 (item 133). During the year 1927, over 30, 000 copies of this booklet were sold, at 5^ each. (Emanuel Haldeman-Julius, The First Hundred Million. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1928, p. 108.)

172

’’George Burman Foster. ” In Realism in Literature and Art, by Clarence Darrow. Little Blue Book no. 934. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1925?, 47-54.

28

Clarence Darrow

Address at the memorial service of George Burman Foster, professor of religion at University of Chicago. Reprinted from pamphlet published in 1919 (item 125). 173

’’Introduction. ” In The Autobiography of Mother Jones, by Mary Harris Jones. Edited by May F. Parton. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1925. Darrow wrote introduction to this book about the life of Mary Harris Jones, who was active in the labor movement during 1890s and early 1900s. She was jailed many times for leading strikes among the coal miners. Darrow’s intro­ duction reflects his common interest with Mother Jones in improving the lot of the workingman.

174

’’Robert Burns. ” In Realism in Literature and Art, by Clar­ ence Darrow. Little Blue Book no. 934. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1925?, p. 26-46. Reprint of essay which appeared in A Persian Pearl and Other Essays, previously published in 1899, 1902, 1904 (items 18, 44, 51).

175

’’Some Paragraphs Addressed to Socialists. ” In Realism in Literature and Art, by Clarence Darrow. Little Blue Book no. 934. Girard, KS. : Haldeman-Julius Co., 1925?, p. 55-64. An essay critical of Socialism.

*76

Farmington, New York: Boni & Liveright, 1925. 255 pp. Reprint of his autobiographical novel published in 1904, 1919 (items 49, 121).

17^

. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1925. Reprint of previous item.

112 pp.

178

Ordeal of Prohibition. Little Blue Book no. 974. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1925. 60 pp. Reprint of article published in 1924 (item 151). This pamphlet also includes ’’The Edwardses and the Jukeses, ” article first published in 1925 (item 169).

179

Realism in Literature and Art. Little Blue Book no. 934. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1925? 64 pp. Reprint of essay previously published in 1893, 1899, 1902, 1904 (items 6, 18, 19, 44, 51). This pamphlet also in­ cludes three other addresses, ’’George Burman Foster, ” ’’Rob­ ert Burns, ” and ’’Some Paragraphs addressed to Socialists. ”

180

Resist Not Evil. Big Blue Book no. B-18. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co. , 1925. 64 pp. Reprint of 1902 and 1904 editions (items 45, 52). In this edition Darrow indicates in the preface that his views on pacifism changed as a result of World War I, but that the views expressed in the first edition are still valid ideals.

29

Writings by Darrow 181

(Scopes, John Thomas, Defendant). The World’s Most Famous Court Trial; Tennessee Evolution Case; a Complete Steno­ graphic Report of the Famous Court Test of the Tennessee Anti-Evolution Act, at Dayton, July 10 to 21, 1925, Including Speeches and Arguments of Attorneys. Cincinnati: National Book Co., 1925. 339 Complete transcript of Scopes Trial. Includes Darrow’s speeches and cross-examination of Bryan.

182

Voltaire--A Lecture. Little Blue Book no. 829. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1925. 61 pp. Reprint of essay previously published in 1914, 1916, and 1918 (items 94, 112, 119, 139, 158). Over 17,000 copies of this booklet were sold in 1927 alone, at 5^ each. (Emanuel Haldeman-Julius, The First Hundred Million. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1928, p. 108.)

1926 183

(Book Review). New York Evening Post Literary Review, 16 January 1926, p. 1. Review of Theodore Dreiser’s An American Tragedy, which has a similar theme to Darrow’s second novel, An Eye for an Eye, published in 1905.

184

’’Eugenics Cult. ” American Mercury, VIII (June 1926), p. 12937. Article denouncing the ideas of some geneticists who think that human race could be improved by selective breed­ ing.

185

’’Crime and the Alarmists. ” Harper’s Magazine, CLIII (Octo­ ber 1926), p. 535-44. Article critical of the statistics published by the Chicago Crime Commission.

186

’’John Brown. ” Crisis (New York), XXXII (May 1926), p. 1216. Essay on John Brown and his abortive attempt to free the slaves.

187

(Book Review). New York Herald Tribune Books, 24 October , 1926) p. 3. Review of ex-convict Jack Black’s book, You Can’t Win, an autobiography.

188

’’Liberty, Equality, Fraternity. ” Vanity Fair, XXVH (Decem­ ber 1926), p. 74, 110. Light-hearted article on decline of the barber shop as a men’s preserve resulting from the women suffrage movement.

189

’’John P. Altgeld. ” In The Skeleton in the Closet, by Clarence

30

Clarence Darrow

Darrow. Little Blue Book no. 933. Girard, KS.: Hal­ deman-Julius Co. , 1926, p. 55-60. Reprint of address at funeral of Altgeld, March 14, 1902. Previously published 1902 (items 43, 123).

190

’’Walt Whitman. ” In The Skeleton in the Closet, by Clarence Darrow. Little Blue Book no. 933. Girard, KS.: Halde­ man-Julius Co., 1926, p. 26-54. Essay previously published in 1899 (items 18, 40, 44, 51).

191

Clarence Darrow’s Plea in Defense of Loeb and Leopold, the Boy Murderers (August 22, 23, 25, 1924). Big Blue Book no. B-20. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1926. 69 pp. Summation speech in Leopold-Loeb Trial.

192

An Eye for an Eye. Big Blue Book no. B-24. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co. , 1926? 86 pp. Reprint of novel first published in 1905 (items 55, 67, 93).

193

The Skeleton in the Closet. Little Blue Book no. 933. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1926. 60 pp. Essay first published in 1899 (item 18, 44, 51). This booklet also contains ’’Walt Whitman, ” and ’’John Alt­ geld. ”

194

(Testimony). U. S. Congress. House. Capital Punishment, Hearings Before Subcommittee on Judiciary on HR 349 and HR~4498~ (Bills to abolish Capital Punishment in the District of Columbia). January 28-February 13, 1926. 69th Cong. , 1st Sess. , 1926. 168 pp. Contains Darrow’s testimony against capital punishment. 1927

195

’’Foreign Debt and America. ” Vanity Fair, XXVII (February , 1927) p. 39-40. Article advocating cancelling debts of the countries that borrowed from the U. S. during World War I.

196

"Tyranny and the Volstead Act. ’’ Vanity Fair, XXVIII (March 1927), p. 45-46, 116. Article denouncing Prohibition.

197

"What Is the Matter with the Farmer?" Vanity Fair, XXVIII (April 1927), p. 50, 110. - ------ — Article about the farmers’ complaints and the govern­ ment’s responsibility.

198

"The Universe. ’’

The Daily Northwestern, 26 May 1927, p.

Writings by Darrow

31

1, 3. Speech given at Northwestern University, 25 May 1927. 199

’’The War on Modern Science.” Modern World, (Baltimore) I (July 1927), p. 301-03. Review of The War on Modern Science; a Short History of the Fundamentalist Attacks on Evolution and Modernism, by Maynard Shipley. New York: Knopf, 1927. 416 pp. Book denounces the Fundamentalists for trying to prevent the teaching of evolution in schools.

200

’’What to do About Crime. ” Nebraska Law Bulletin, VI (July 1927), p. 117-34. Speech delivered to the Nebraska Bar Association, 28 December 1926. Also published as a pamphlet, 1927.

201

’’The Divorce Problem.” Vanity Fair, XXVIII (August 1927) p. 31-32. Article critical of strict divorce laws.

202

’’Should Capital Punishment be Retained?” Congressional Di­ gest (Washington, D. C. ), VI (August-September 1927), p. 230-31. Argument against capital punishment.

203

’’Name Your Poison. ” Plain Talk (New York), I (October 1927), p. 3-8. Fierce attack against prohibition and prohibitionists. Death rate from alcohol poisoning increased dramatically during Prohibition.

204

”Is Man Fundamentally Dishonest?” Forum (New York), LXXVIII (December 1927), p. 884-89. Essay on nature of man. He is both honest and dishonest under different conditions.

205

Argument of Clarence Darrow in the Case of Henry Sweet. New York: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, 1927. 36 pp. Eloquent plea for racial justice in the second Sweet Trial, 1926.

206

(Debate). ’’Can the Individual Control His Conduct? A Debate, Clarence Darrow vs. Dr. Thomas V. Smith. ” HaldemanJulius Quarterly, n (October-November-December 1927), p. 15-28. Negative, Darrow. Dr. Smith, professor of philosophy, University of Chicago, affirmative.

207

(Debate). Dry-Law Debate; Clarence Darrow vs. Wayne B. Wheeler. Little Blue Book no. 1256. Girard, KS.: Halde­ man-Julius Co., 1927. 32 pp. Reprint of Wheeler-Darrow Debate (item 210).

Clarence Darrow

32 208

’’Crime and the Alarmists. ” In Mirrors of the Year; A National Review of the Outstanding Figures, Trends and Events of 1926-27. Edited by Grant Overton. New York: Frederick A. Stokes, 1927, p. 205-27. Reprint of article published in Harper’s Magazine, Oc­ tober 1926 (item 185).

209

(Debate). Is Man a Machine? Clarence Darrow, Affirmative; Dr. Will Durant, Negative. Introduction by Dr. John B. Watson. Foreword by Dr. Alfred A. Asgis. New York: League for Public Discussion, 1927. 55 pp.

210

(Debate). Wheeler-Darrow Debate. Carnegie Hall, New York City, April 23, 1927. Question: Resolved that Prohibition of the Beverage Liquor Traffic Is Detrimental to the Public Welfare. Westerville, OH.: American Issue Publishing Co., 1927. 27 pp. Debate with Wayne B. Wheeler, of the Anti-Saloon League of America.

211

’’Education and Crime. ” Daily Maroon, Celebrities Number, 1927. n. p., n. d., p. 15, 55.

212

Darrow, Clarence and Victor Yarros. niThe l n IM I 1 ■ -r Prohibition ■ I — I Mania; a Reply to Professor Irving Fisher and Others. New York: Boni & Liveright, 1927. 254 pp. Arguments against Prohibition.

213

What to Do About Crime. n. p. 1927. 29 pp. Speech delivered to Nebraska Bar Association, 28 Decem­ ber 1926. Also published in Nebraska Law Bulletin, July 1927 (item 200).

mm———

1928

214

’’Capital Punishment. ” New York Herald Tribune Magazine, 1 January 1928, p. 4-5. Argument against capital punishment. ’’The real reason why so many people tenaciously cling to the idea of capital punishment is because they take pleasure in inflicting pain on those they hate. ”

215

Capital Punishment. New York: League to Abolish Capital Punishment, 1928? 4 pp. Pamphlet reprinted from previous article.

216

”Our Growing Tyranny. ” Vanity Fair, XXIX (February 1928) p. 39, 104. “ Article critical of the Lord’s Day Alliance of New York which was actively trying to restrict Sunday activity. Article also critical of Prohibition.

Writings by Darrow

33

217

’’The Lord’s , 1928) p. Attack sought to

218

’’Why I Have Found Life Worth Living. ” Christian Century, VL (19 April 1928), p. 504-05. — Comments on his life and philosophy.

219

’’Frank Lowden, the Farmer’s Friend.”

Day Alliance. ” Plain Talk (New York), II (March 257-70. on the Lord’s Day Alliance of New York which restrict Sunday activities.

Scribner’s Magazine,

Article praising the ex-Governor of Illinois as a possible Republican candidate for President in 1928.

220

’’Futility of the Death Penalty. ” Forum (New York), LXXX (September 1928), p. 327-32. Arguments against capital punishment.

221

’’Prohibition Cowardice. ” Vanity Fair, XXXI (September 1928), p. 53, 100. A blast at both political parties for failing to take a strong stand on the Prohibition question.

222

’’Why Was God so Hard on Women and Snakes?” HaldemanJulius Monthly, VIII (September 1928), p. 122-24. Comment on the Garden of Eden story.

223

’’The Myth of the Soul. ” Forum (New York), LXXX (October 1928), p. 524-33. Views on the afterlife.

224

’’The Black Sheep. ” Liberty (Chicago), V (3 November 1928), p. 17-18, 20. A short story with a humorous twist about a child reared in an agnostic household who turns to religion. The father in the story is a close characterization of Darrow’s own father, Amirus Darrow.

225

’’Crime and its Treatment. ” South Dakota Bar Association Re­ port, 1928, p. 110-27. Address at the South Dakota Bar Association Annual Meeting.

226

’’Defense of Richard Loeb and Nathan Leopold, Jr. ” In Classi­ fied Speech Models of Eighteen Forms of Public Address. Compiled by William N. Brigance. New York: F. S. Crofts, 1928, p. 136-205. Complete defense summation in the Leopold-Loeb Trial.

227

’’Evolution. ” In Executive Speeches; Selected Addresses Given Before the Executive Club of Chicago from September, 1924, to June, 1928. Chicago: Executives’ Club of Chicago, 1928, p. 200-10. Speech on evolution given 26 February 1926.

Clarence Darrow

34 228

’’Personal Liberty. ” In Freedom Lectures Delivered at the New Edited by Horace M. Kallen. 1928, p. 115-37. Sarcastic essay on the lack

in the Modern World; School for Social Research. New York: Coward-McCann,

of real freedom in the U. S.

229

”A Plea for Mercy. ” In America Speaks; a Library of the Best Spoken Thought in Business and the Professions. Edited by Basil G. Bryon and Frederick R. Coudert. New York: Modern Eloquence Corp. , 1928, p. 92-97. Excerpt from summation in Leopold-Loeb Trial.

230

Absurdities of the Bible. Little Blue Book no. 1637. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1928? 31 pp. Some contradictions and inconsistencies in the Bible.

231

(Debate). Are We Machines? Is Life Mechanical Or Is It Something Else? A Debate Between Clarence Darrow and Will Durant. Little Blue Book no. 509. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1928. 61 pp. Reprint of Is Man a Machine? published in 1927 (item 209).

232

(Debate). Can the Individual Control His Conduct? Is Man a Free Agent Or Is He the Slave of His Biological Equipment? A Debate Between Clarence Darrow and Dr. Thomas V. Smith. Little Blue Book no. 843. Girard, KS.: HaldemanJulius Co., 1928. 64 pp. Reprint of debate published in 1927 (item 206). This pam­ phlet also contains an interview with Darrow entitled ”A Day with Clarence Darrow” (item 655).

233

(Debate). Do Human Beings Have Free Will? A Debate, Affir­ mative: Professor George Burman Foster, Negative: Clar­ ence Darrow. Little Blue Book no. 1286. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co. , 1928. 64 pp. Foster was professor of religion at University of Chicago.

234

(Debate). Is Man a Machine? A Debate. Affirmative, C. S. Darrow. Negative, B. B. Brickner. New York: n. p. , 1928.

235

(Debate). Wishart-Darrow Debate. Resolved, That a Belief in a General Purpose in the Universe Is Rational and Justified by Facts. Grand Rapids, ML: Published from a steno­ graphic report by the Extension Club of Grand Rapids, 1928. 44 pp. Debate with Dr. Alfred Wesley Wishart, affirmative, and Clarence Darrow, negative, at Fountain Street Baptist Church, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 22 February 1928.

236

The Open Shop. Little Blue Book no. 1425. Haldeman-Julius Co. , 1928? 32 pp.

Girard, KS.:

Writings by Darrow

35

Reprint of article first published in 1904 (items 50, 70 71, 78, 135).

1929 237

’’Anti-Prohibition Law Case Stated Times, 27 January 1929, Sec. Text of Darrow’s arguments Irving Fisher, Yale University, on same page.

238

(Book Review). New Republic, LVIII (15 May 1929), p. 36364. Review of Bryan, a biography of William Jennings Bryan, by Morris R. Werner.

239

’’Power of Congress Re Volstead Act. ” Lawyer and Banker (New Orleans), XXII (May-June 1929), p. 167-68. Commentary on prohibition act.

240

’’Emperor or President. ” Nation, CXXVin (5 June 1929), p. 672-73. Letter to the editor denouncing President Hoover for con­ doning Prohibition laws.

241

”At Seventy-Two. ” Saturday Evening Post, CCII (6 July 1929), p. 23, 109, 114. Reflections on his 72nd birthday.

242

’’Who Is the Farmer’s Friend?” Plain Talk (New York), V (November 1929), p. 513-19. Slashing criticism of government policy of advocating that farmers cut production to increase prices.

243

’’Combating Crime. ” Forum (New York), LXXXII (November , 1929) p. 271-75. Article states that poverty and ignorance are the causes of most crime.

244

(Debate). Is the U. S. Immigration Law Beneficial? A Debate. Clarence Darrow vs. Lothrop Stoddard. Little Blue Book no. 1423. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1929. 31 PPDebate topic: ’’Resolved, That the Immigration Law Dis­ criminating in Favor of the Races of Northern Europe as Op­ posed to Those of Southern Europe is an Advantage to the United States. ” Affirmative, Dr. Stoddard; negative, Dar­ row. Stoddard was author of the popular book, The Rising Tide of Color, 1920, and other books proclaiming the su­ periority of the white race.

245

Facing Life Fearlessly; the Pessimistic Versus the Optimistic

by a Wet. ” New York 10, p. 4. against Prohibition. Prof. presents opposite viewpoint

36

Clarence Darrow View of Life. Little Blue Book no. 1329. Girard, Haldeman-Julius Co. , 1929? 64 pp. Lecture given at the University of Chicago under of Poetry Club and the Liberal Club. Booklet also "Lord's Day Alliance, " an article first published in (item 217).

KS.: auspices contains 1928

246

The Famous Examination of Bryan at the Scopes Evolution Trial. Little Blue Book no. 1424. Girard, KS.: HaldemanJulius Co., 1929. 61 pp. Bryan on the witness stand as an expert on the Bible.

247

"Foreword. " In Fifty Years of Free Thought; Being the Story of the "Truth Seeker, " with the Natural History of its Third Editor, by George E. MacDonald. New York: Truth Seeker Co., 1929-31. 2 vols Darrow’s foreword to the history of the journal, The Truth Seeker.

248

"The Haywood Trial: Plea for the Defense. " In Winning De­ clamations and How to Speak Them. Rev. ed. Edited by Edwin D. Shurter. New York: Noble & Noble, 1929, p. 255-57. Brief excerpt of summation speech at Haywood Trial.

249

"The Human Being's World. " In Man and His World. Edited by Baker Brownell. New York: D. Van Nostrand, 1929. 12 vols. A Preface to the Universe, Vol. 1, p. 67-99. Heredity and environment shape man so that he has no control over his actions.

250 Darrow, Clarence, and Wallace Rice. Infidels and Heretics; an Agnostic's Anthology. Boston: Stratford Co. , 1929. 293 pp. Collection of brief excerpts from writings of over 100 people, including Darwin, Huxley, Whitman, Whitehead and others. 251

"Introduction. " In Best of All Possible Worlds; Romances and Tales, by Francois Voltaire. New York: Vanguard Press, 1929. Darrow wrote introduction to this edition of Voltaire's work.

252

"The Lord's Day Alliance. " In Facing Life Fearlessly; the Pessimistic Versus the Optimistic View of Life. Little Blue Book no. 1329. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1929?, p. 37-64. Reprinted from Plain Talk, 1928 (item 217).

253

The Myth of the Soul; Is the Belief in Immortality Necessary or even Desirable? Little Blue Book no. 1404. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1929? 32 pp.

Writings by Darrow

37

Reprinted from Forum, 1928 (item 223). 254

’’Why I Am an Agnostic. ” In Why I Am An Agnostic, Including Expressions of Faith From a Protestant, A Catholic, and a Jew. Edited by E. Haldeman-Julius. Little Blue Book no. 1500. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1929. Includes addresses by Edwin H. Hughes, John P. McGoorty, and Jacob Tarshish. 1930

255

"Letter to the Editor." New York Times, 26 (April 1930), p. 18. Favorable comment on Russia’s Communist plan. He said they have as much right to propagandize as the So­ cialist or Republican Party.

256

Wilson, Clarence T. and Clarence Darrow. "Lawful Liquor." Colliers, LXXXVI (27 September 1930), p. 7-9. Report of the authors’ trip to Canada to investigate method used by them in handling liquor sales.

257

"Let No Man Therefore Judge You in Meat, or in Drink. " Colliers, LXXXVI (11 October 1930), p. 10-11, 44, 47. Account of Canada’s method of handling liquor laws.

258

"John Brown—He Who Struck the First Blow. " Abbott’s Monthly (Chicago), I (November, 1930), p. 16-19, 21, 23. Essay on John Brown.

259

(Debate). Environment vs. Heredity. Debate Between Clarence and Albert Edward Wiggam. Little Blue Book no. 1581. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1930? 32 pp. A summary (not the text) of a debate held in Cleveland, reported by George G. Whitehead. Wiggam was a popular lecturer and newspaper columnist.

260

What Life Means to Me at Seventy-Two. Little Blue Book no. 1541. Girard, KS. : Haldeman-Julius Co., 1930. 32 pp. Reprint of article "At Seventy-Two, ’’ in Saturday Evening Post, 1929 (item 241). 1931

261

262

"The Religion of the American Negro. ’’ Crisis (New York), XXXVin (misnumbered Vol. 40) (June 1931), p. 190. Darrow asks what the church or God has ever done for the Negro. Why the 18th Amendment Cannot be Repealed. ’’ Vanity Fair XXXVII (November, 1931), p. 62, 84. Pessimistic assessment of chances for repeal of Prohibition.

Clarence Darrow

38 263

’’Foreword. ” In Ill-Starred Prohibition Cases; a Study in Ju­ dicial Pathology, by Forrest R. Black. Boston: R. G. Badger, 1931. 162 pp.

264

(Debate). Is Religion Necessary? Debate, Yes, Rev. Robert MacGowan; No, Clarence Darrow. Girard, KS.: HaldemanJulius Co., 1931. 27 pp.

265

A Persian Pearl and Other Essays. Boston: Stratford Co., 1931. 160 pp. Reprint of book first published in 1899 (items 18, 44, 51). 1932

266

’’Who Knows Justice?” Scribner’s Magazine, XCI (February 1932), p. 73-77. Justice differs with each individual case.

267

’’Scottsboro. ” Crisis (New York), XXXIX (misnumbered Vol. 41), (March 1932), p. 81. Comment on how the International Labor Defense Fund attempted to control his defense strategy of the Scottsboro Case before he withdrew from it.

268

’’The Massie Trial. ” Scribner’s Monthly, XCII (October 1932), p. 213-18. Account of the Massie Trial in Hawaii, 1932.

269

’’Clarence Darrow. ” (Speech in the Haywood Case). In Legal and Public Speaking; a Treatise on the Art of Public Speak­ ing, with Copious Illustrations and Models of Public Utterances and Jury Speeches, by Jesse F. Brumbaugh. In­ dianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1932, p. 841-991. Full text of Darrow’s summation in the Haywood Trial, 1907. First published in Wayland’s Monthly, October, 1907 (items 58, 65).

270

Farmington. New York: C. Scribner’s Sons, 1932. 255 pp. Reprint of his novel first published in 1904 (items 49, 121, 176, 177).

271

The Story of My Life. New York: 465 pp. Darrow’s autobiography.

272

_______ . New York: C. Scribner’s Sons, 1932. 495 pp. Darrow’s autobiography, including section on the Massie Trial.

273

’’Why I Am an Agnostic. ” In Addresses on Why I Am a Catholic. .. . Chicago: M. M. Cole, 1932, p. 32-48. Address at Orchestra Hall, Chicago, delivered in conjunc-

Grosset & Dunlap, 1932.

Writings by Darrow

39

tion with John A. Lapp, "Why I Am a Catholic; Charles W. Gilkey, "Why I Am a Protestant"; and Solomon Goldman, ’’Why I Am a Jew. ” 1933

274

’’Capital Punishment? No, It Fails to Get at Crime’s Causes.” Rotarian, XLIII (November 1933), p. 14-15+. Arguments against capital punishment.

275

(Book Review). Columbia Law Review, XXXIII (December 1933), p. 1467-68. Review of Arthur G. Hays, Trial by Prejudice, 1933 (item 742).

276

’’Who Knows Justice?” In Contemporary Opinion. Edited by Kendall B. Taft and others. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1933, p. 489-507. Reprint of article first published in Scribner’s Magazine, 1932 (item 266). 1934

277

(Book Review). New York University Law Quarterly Review, XI (March 1934), p. 491-92. Review of Insanity as a Defense in Criminal Law, by Henry Weihofen. London: Oxford University Press, 1933. 524 pp.

278

’’Report of Clarence Darrow of National Recovery Review Board.” Women's Wear Daily, 21 May 1934, p. 1+. Text of first NRA Review Board report.

279

’’Text of Second Darrow Report, Assailing Retail Code. ” Women’s Wear Daily, 12 June 1934, p. 2+ Text of second NRA Review Board report. Both reports critical of NRA.

280

”NRA and Fair Competition. ” Rotarian, VL (November 1934), p. 12-13+. Darrow said NRA prevents fair competition.

281

Crime; Its Cause and Treatment. London: Watts, 1934. 246 PP. Reprint of edition first published in 1922 (item 144).

282

First Report to the President of the United States. U.S. National Recovery Review Board, Clarence S. Darrow, Chairman. Washington: Earle Bldg. Jesse L. Ward, 1934. 159 pp. (Mimeographed) Text of first NRA report. All three reports were issued

Clarence Darrow

40

unofficially during May and June, 1934. They were not published by the U. S. Government Printing Office, as they were very critical of the NRA Codes. Copies were made available in mimeographed form to the press and public. 283

Second Report to the President of the United States. U. S. National Recovery Review Board, Clarence S. Darrow, Chairman. Washington, D. C.: Earle Bldg., Jesse L. Ward, 1934. 160 pp. (Mimeographed)

284

Third Report to the President of the United States. U. S. National Recovery Review Board, Clarence S. Darrow, Chairman. Washington, D. C.: Earle Bldg. Jesse L. Ward, 1934. 120 pp. (Mimeographed) The three reports above were issued by the NRA Review Board and caused great controversy because they were critical of the NRA Codes. Darrow and the members of the Board investigated 34 codes, examined 3375 complaints, and held 57 public hearings. Over one-half of the labor force was employed by industries covered by the NRA Codes.

1935 285

"Many Faults in NRA. " Commercial Bulletin and Apparel Merchant. LVII (February 1935), p. 38-42. Criticisms of the National Recovery Administration.

286

(Testimony). U. S. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Investigation of the National Recovery Administration of Cer­ tain Charges Concerning the Administration of Industrial Codes, Hearings Pursuant to Senate Resolution 79. 74th Cong., 1st Sess. , 1935, Part 2, p. 296-311. Darrow's testimony at NRA Hearings on 20 March 1935.

287

"The Lord's Soldier Joshua and the Sun and the Moon. " Truth Seeker (New York), LXH (September 1935), p. 97-98. The Bible is not an accurate record of scientific facts.

1936

288

"Attorney for the Defense. " Esquire, V (May 1936), p. 36-37 211-13. Outline of Darrow's strategy and technique in jury selec­ tion. He prefers a poor man rather than a rich one, a laughing man rather than a solemn one. A Catholic is less likely to judge harshly than is a Presbyterian, Baptist, or Lutheran.

289

(Debate). Does Man Live Again? Debate Between M, A. Musmanno and Clarence Darrow. Reviewers Library no. 5.

Writings by Darrow

41

Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1936. 30 pp. Darrow, negative; Musmanno, affirmative, was defense attorney at the Sacco-Vanzetti Trial, and later became a judge.

1937

290

"Attorney for the Defense. " Legal Chatter (Baltimore), (July 1937), p. 7-16. ---- “-----------— Condensed version of article first published in Esquire, May 1936 (item 288). —

291 ________ . In American Points of View, by William H. and Kathryn C. Cordell. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubledav, 1937, p. 160-71. Reprint of article first published in Esquire May 1936 (item 288).

1940

292

"Funeral Speech." In Congressional Record, U.S. Congress. House. 76th Congress, 3rd Sess. , 18 April 1940, p. 2225 (Appendix) Darrow’s address at the funeral of Gov. John P. Altgeld is reprinted here by Congressman Thomas V. Smith, Il­ linois, on the occasion of the second anniversary of Darrow’s death. 1942

293

"Plea for Mercy. " In World’s Great Speeches. Edited by Lewis Copeland. Garden City, N. Y.: Garden City Pub­ lishing Co., 1942, p. 413-16. Excerpt from Darrow’s speech at Leopold-Loeb Trial. 1945

294 How to Abolish Unfair Taxation; an Address Before a Los Angeles Audience, Delivered March, 1913. San Francisco: San Francisco Pacific News, 1945. 12 pp. Pamphlet of speech first published in 1913 under the title "Clarence Darrow on Land and Labor" (item 88). 1946

295 "Ordeal of Prohibition. " In Of Time and Truth; Ideas and Values for College Students. Edited by F. Lorch and Others. New York: Dryden Press, 1946, p. 509-14.

Clarence Darrow

42

Reprint of article in American Mercury, 1924 (item 151).

296

’’District School. ” In America Is West; An Anthology of Middle-Western Life and Literature. Edited by J. T. Flanagan. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1946, p. 406-11. Reprinted from Farmington, Darrow’s autobiographical novel published in 1904. 1947

297

(Debate). ”Do the Dead Still Live?” In Beauty for Ashes; a Discussion of the Laws of Destiny and Their Application to the Atomic Era, Together with a Debate with the Late Clarence Darrow on the Question, Do the Dead Still Live?, by Edgar J. Phillips. Madison, WI.: Democrat Printing Co. , 1947, p. 55-82. Debate at Clearwater, Florida, March, 1931. Darrow, negative; Phillips, affirmative. Darrow’s remarks are re­ printed from his article in the Forum, October 1928, en­ titled the ’’Myth of the Soul” (item 223).

298

’’District School. ” In Unseen Harvests; a Treasury of Teaching. Edited by Claude Fuess and E. S. Basford. New York: Macmillan, 1947, p. 38-42. Reprinted from Darrow’s autobiographical novel, Farming­ ton, published in 1904.

299

’’Last Day of School. ” In Unseen Harvests; a Treasury of Teaching. Edited by Claude Fuess and E. S. Basford. New York: Macmillan, 1947, p. 49-53. Excerpt from Farmington, Darrow’s autobiographical novel published in 1904.

300

’’School Readers. ” In Unseen Harvests; a Treasury of Teach­ ing. Edited by Claude M. Fuess and E. S. Basford. New York: Macmillan, 1947, p. 43-49. Excerpt from Farmington, Darrow’s autobiographical novel published in 1904. 1948

301

A Plea for Mercy. ” In The World’s Great Speeches. Edited by Lewis Copeland. Garden City, N. Y.: Garden City Publishing Co., 1948, p. 413-16. Excerpt from summation at Leopold-Loeb Trial.

1949 302

’’Report of the National Recovery Review Board. ”

In The

Writings by Darrow

43

People Shall Judge; Readings in the Formation of American Policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1949, vol. 2, p. 497-505. Excerpt from NRA Report (item 282). num

1950 303

’’Clarence Darrow. ” In We Speak for Ourselves; a Self-Por­ trait of America. Edited with an introduction by Irving Stone, with Richard Kennedy. Garden City, N. Y.: Double­ day, 1950, p. 433-53. Account of the Scopes Trial taken from Darrow’s auto­ biography, The Story of My Life, published 1932. 1954

304

’’Clarence Darrow Pleads for Justice for the Negro, ’I do not Believe in the Law of Hate. ’ ” In Treasury of the World’s Great Speeches; Each Speech Prefaced with its Dramatic and Biographical Setting and Placed in its Full Historical Per­ spective. Edited by Houston Peterson. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1954, p. 737-40. Excerpt of address to the jury in the Sweet Trial, 1925. 1956

305

The Darrow Bribery Trial, with Background Facts of McNama­ ra Case, and Including Darrow’s Address to the Jury. Edi­ ted by Patrick H. Ford. Whittier, CA.: Western Printing Co., 1956. 61 pp. Includes address to the jury in his own defense.

1957

306

(Plea to the Jury). Congressional Record, U. S. Congress. House. 85th Cong. 1st Sess., 13 June 1957, p. 9024. Excerpts of Darrow’s remarks and plea to jury in Sweet Trial, included in remarks of Congressman Yates, Illinois, in honor of 100th anniversary of Darrow’s birth.

307

’’Introduction. ” By Clarence Darrow and Walter Bachrach. In The Amazing Crime and Trial of Leopold and Loeb. Edited by Maureen McKernan, with an introduction by Clarence Darrow and Walter Bachrach. New York: New American Library, 1957. Reprint of volume published in 1924. Bachrach was as­ sistant defense counsel in the Leopold-Loeb Trial.

308

Attorney for the Damned.

Edited and with notes by Arthur

44

Clarence Darrow

Weinberg. Foreword by William O. Douglas. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957. 552 pp. Thirteen of Darrow’s writings are reprinted here with excellent background notes which put the work in its proper historical perspective. The following thirteen entries are the individual writings included in this competition. 309

’’Crime and Criminals; Address to the Prisoners in the Cook County Jail. ” In Attorney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 3-15. Reprint of speech first published in 1902 (items 42, 60, 75, 89, 92, 120, 142).

310

’’The Crime of Compulsion; Leopold and Loeb. ” In Attorney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 16-88. Excerpts from summation speech in Leopold-Loeb Trial.

311

(Debate). ”Is Capital Punishment a Wise Policy?” In Attor­ ney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 89-103. Excerpts from a debate with Judge Talley published in 1924 (item 154).

312

’’Freedom Knows No Limits; the Communist Trial. ” In Attorney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 121-73. Excerpts from summation speech at trial of twenty Com­ munists, 1920 (item 130).

313

”A Governor Is Murdered. ” In Attorney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Wein­ berg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 410-88. Excerpts from speech in Steve Adams Trial, 1907 (items 59, 66).

314

’’John Brown, 1800-1859. ” In Attorney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Wein­ berg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 532-41. Lecture published in 1913 (item 86).

315

’’John Peter Altgeld, 1847-1902. ” In Attorney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 54246. Reprinted from address published in 1902 (items 43, 123, 189, 292).

316

’’Somewhere There Is a Conspiracy; the Kidd Case. ”

In At-

Writings by Darrow

45

torney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 267-326. Excerpt from summation speech in the Wisconsin vs. Kidd Case, 1898 (items 17, 21, 105).

317

’’Strike, Arbitration; Anthracite Miners, Scranton and Philadel­ phia. ” In Attorney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 327-409. Excerpt from statements to the Coal Strike Commission, 1903 (item 391).

318

’’They Tried to Get Me. ” In Attorney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Wein­ berg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 491-531. Excerpts from Darrow’s defense speech to jury in his own behalf in first bribery trial, 1912 (items 85, 305).

319

’’The Unwritten Law; the Massie Case. ” In Attorney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 104-18. Excerpts from summation speech in Massie Trial, 1932.

320

’’You Can’t Live There! The Sweet Case.” In Attorney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Ar­ thur Weinberg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 229-63. Excerpts from summation at Sweet Trial, 1926. (items 205, 304)

321

’’You Can’t Teach That! The Scopes Evolution Case.” In At­ torney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 174-228. Excerpts from speech at the Scopes Trial, 1925 (items 164, 181). 1958

322

”A Plea for Mercy. ” In The World’s Great Speeches. 2nd rev. ed. Edited by Lewis Copeland. New York: Dover Publications, 1958, p. 412-15. Excerpts of Darrow’s summation in Leopold-Loeb Trial.

1959 323

”1 Am Pleading That We Overcome Cruelty with Kindness and Hatred with Love. ” In A Treasury of Great American Speeches; Our Country’s Life and History in the Words of

Clarence Darrow

46

Its Great Men. Edited by Charles Hurd. New York: Hawthorn Books, 1959, p. 159-62. Excerpt of summation speech in Leopold-Loeb Trial.

1960 324

’’A Comment on Capital Punishment. ” In A History of Capital Punishment, by John L. Pritchard, (John Lawrence, pseud. ) New York: Citadel Press, 1960, p. xv-xxiii. Reprint of chapter "capital punishment" from Darrow’s book, Crime; Its Cause and Treatment, published in 1922 (items 144, 281, 368).

325

"Epilogue--’John Peter Altgeld, 1847-1902.”’ In The Mind and Spirit of John Peter Altgeld; Selected Writings and Addresses, by John Peter Altgeld. Edited by Henry Christman. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1960, p. 180-83. Remarks at funeral of Altgeld, former Governor of Il­ linois, published in 1902 (items 43, 123, 189, 292).

326

"Summation in the Sweet Case. " In The World of Law; a Treasury of Great Writing About and in the Law--Short Stories, Plays, Essays, Accounts, Letters, Opinions, Pleas, Transcripts of Testimony--From Biblical Times to the Present. Edited by Ephraim London. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1960, vol. 2, p. 346-75. Reprinted from Attorney for the Damned, 1957 (item 320).

327

"To the Jury; Self-Defense. " In Great American Speeches, 1898-1918. Caedmon Records, phonorecord TC 2031; Cassette no. 52031, 1960? 12 Minutes. A recorded reading of an excerpt of Darrow’s address to the jury in his bribery trial. (Not Darrow’s voice).

1961 328

"Crime and Criminals. " In The Speaker’s Resource Book; an Anthology, Handbook and Glossary, by Car roll C. Arnold, Douglas Ehninger and John C. Gerber. Chicago: Scott, Foresman, 1961, p. 136-42. Reprint of speech to the prisoners at Cook County Jail, 1902 (items 42, 60, 75, 89, 92, 120, 142, 309).

329

"I do Not Believe in the Law of Hate. ’’ In A Golden Treasury of Famous Speeches. Golden Records, 1961. 1 Minute. A one minute excerpt, in Darrow’s own voice, of his ad­ dress at the Sweet Trial.

Writings by Darrow

47

1963

330 Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963. 448 pp. Thirty-three of Darrow’s essays, debates, lectures and articles are contained in this anthology. They represent his interests in a wide variety of topics, and most of these writings are not easily available elsewhere. The editors have provided an excellent introduction and helpful back­ ground notes. The following thirty-three entries are the individual writ­ ings included in this compilation. 331

’’Attorney for the Defense. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 313-24. Darrow’s methods in picking a jury. Reprinted from Esquire, May, 1936 (item 288).

332

’’The Breaker Boy. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 373-82. Short story first published in Chicago American, 1902 (items 41, 61).

333

’’Brief for the War. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 336-46. Justification for abandoning his pacifist viewpoint during World War I. Reprinted from Liberal Review, July 1917.

334

’’Childhood Surroundings. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clar­ ence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 393400. Reflections on childhood from Farmington, his autobio­ graphical novel published in 1904.

335

’’Conduct and Profession. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 246-58. Essay on his philosophy of life. Reprinted from Rubric, 1902 (item 39).

336

’’Consolations of Pessimism. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 280-94. Reprinted from a lecture, 1920 (item 136).

48

Clarence Darrow

337

’’The Divorce Problem. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clar­ ence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 124-33. Reprinted from Vanity Pair, 1927 (item 201).

338

’’Facing Life Fearlessly: Omar Khayyam and A. E. Housman. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 201-15. Lecture delivered 1929 (item 245).

339

’’Foreign Debt and America. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 347-54. Reprinted from Vanity Fair, 1927 (item 195).

340

’’Free Trade or Protection?” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 327-35. Reprinted from Current Topics, 1894 (item 7).

341

’’The Futility of the Death Penalty. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 225-32. Reprinted from Forum, 1928 (item 220).

342

’’The Holdup Man. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 219-24. Reprinted from International Socialist Review, 1909 (item 68).

343

’’Ideal of a Labor Union. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clar­ ence Darrow. Edited by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chi­ cago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 101-105. Address at the fifth biannual meeting of Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America, Chicago, 1922.

344

"If Man Had Opportunity. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clar­ ence Darrow. Edited by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chi­ cago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 92-100. Reprinted from Everyman, 1915 (item 101).

345

’’The Immigration Law. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clar­ ence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago; Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 13447. Excerpts from debate in 1929 (item 244).

49

Writings by Darrow

346

"Is Man Fundamentally Dishonest?" In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 295-301. Reprinted from Forum (item 204).

347

"Leo Tolstoy. " In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 186-200. Essay first published in Rubric, 1902 (item 24).

348

"Little Louis Epstine. " In Verdicts Out of Court, Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, Short story first published in Pilgrim, 1903

349

"The Myth of the Soul. " In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clar­ ence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 417-28. Article reprinted from Forum, 1928 (item 223).

350

"The NRA and ’Fair Competition’". In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 148-55. Criticism of NRA. Reprinted from Rotarian, 1934.

351

"The Open Shop. ’’ In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Dar­ row. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Wein­ berg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 80-91. First published in 1904 (item 50).

352

"The Problem of the Negro. " In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 65-79. Reprinted from International Socialist Review, 1901 (item 22).

353

"Prohibition. ’’ In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 106-23. Excerpts from a debate published in 1924 (item 156).

354

"Realism in Literature. ’’ In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clar­ ence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 357-72. Essay from A Persian Pearl and Other Essays (item 18).

355

"Response to Birthday Greetings, Sixty-First Birthday Anni

by Clarence and Lila p. 383-92. (item 46).

50

Clarence Darrow

versary. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 268-79. Reprinted from pamphlet published in 1918 (item 118). 355a

’’Right of Revolution. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Wein­ berg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 57-64. Excerpts from address, 1895 (item 14).

355b

’’Robert Burns. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Dar­ row. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Wein­ berg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 159-69. Essay from A Persian Pearl and Other Essays (item 18).

355c

’’The Skeleton in the Closet. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 235-45. Essay from A Persian Pearl and Other Essays (item 18).

355d

’’The Theory of Non-Resistance. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 259-67. Excerpts from a debate in 1910 (item 76).

355e

’’This Is What I Don’t Like About Newspapers. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an intro­ duction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 401-13. Address at the 6th Annual meeting of the American So­ ciety of Newspaper Editors, Washington, D. C. , 28 April 1928.

355f

’’Walt Whitman. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Dar­ row. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Wein­ berg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 170-85. From A Persian Pearl and Other Essays (item 18).

355g

’’Who Knows Justice?” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 302-12. Reprinted from Scribner’s Magazine, 1932 (item 266).

355h

’’Why I Am an Agnostic. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clar­ ence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 429-36. Reprinted from an address in 1929 (item 254). 1965

355i

’’Clarence Darrow Decries Violence and Force as Punishment. ”

Writings by Darrow

51

In Instead of Violence; Writings by the Great Advocates of Peace and Nonviolence Throughout History. Edited and with notes and introductions by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Bos­ ton: Beacon Press, 1965, p. 311-16. Excerpt from Darrow’s book, Resist Not Evil, 1902 (item 45). 355j

’’Clarence Darrow Pleads for Justice for the Negro; ’I do not Believe in the Law of Hate’. ” In A Treasury of the World’s Great Speeches; Each Speech Prefaced with its Dramatic and Biographical Setting and Placed in its Full Historical Per­ spective. Rev. and enlarged ed. Edited by Houston Peter­ son. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1965, p. 737-40. Excerpt of address to the jury in the Sweet Trial.

356

”A Plea for Mercy. ” In Great Speeches From Pericles to Kennedy. Edited by William D. Boutwell, W'esley P. Cal­ endar, Jr. , and Robert E. Gerber. New York: Scholas­ tic Book Services, 1965, p. 178-92. Excerpt of Darrow’s summation in the Leopold-Loeb Trial.

357

”A Plea for Mercy for Leopold and Loeb. ” In Dolphin Book of Speeches. Edited by George W. Hibbitt. New York: Dol­ phin Books, Doubleday, 1965, p. 88-93. Excerpt of Darrow’s summation in Leopold-Loeb Trial.

358

’’Race Prejudice and Self-Defense; Argument in the Sweet Case. ” In Classic Speeches: Words That Shook the World. Edited by Richard Crosscup. New York: Philosophical Library, 1965, p. 129-52. Excerpt from summation in Sweet Trial. 1966

359

’’Crime and Criminals. ” In The Speaker’s Resource Book. 2nd ed. , by Carroll C. Arnold. Glenview, IL.: Scott, Foresman, 1966, p. 142+. From speech to prisoners in 1902 (item 42).

360

’’Marx vs. Tolstoi. ” In Nonviolence in America: A Documen­ tary History. Edited by Staughton Lynd. American Heri­ tage Series. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1966, p. 150-60. Excerpts from debate in 1911 (item 82). 1967

361

’’Against Capital Punishment. ” In Famous American Speeches, by Stewart H. Benedict. New York: Dell, 1967, p. 14957. Text of Darrow’s statements in debate, 1924 (item 154).

Clarence Darrow

52

1968 362

’’The Closed Shop. ” In Annals of America. Chicago: En­ cyclopaedia Britannica, 1968, Vol. 13, p. 304-09. Reprint of article in American Magazine, 1911 (item 80). 1969

363

An Eye for an Eye, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with an introduction by R. Baird Shuman. Durham, N. C.: Moore Publishing Co., 1969. 213 pp. Reprint of novel first published in 1905. Prof. Shuman provides an excellent commentary and analysis.

364

’’Personal Liberty. ” In Freedom in the Modern World; Lec­ tures Delivered at the New School for Social Research. Edited by Horace M. Kallen. Freeport, N. Y.V Books for Libraries Press, 1969, p. 115-37. Reprint of essay published in 1928 (item 228). 1970

365

”1 am Pleading that we Overcome Cruelty with Kindness and Hatred with Love. ” In A Treasury of Great American New and rev. ed. by Charles Hurd. New York: Hawthorn Books, 1970, p. 196-99. Excerpt from summation speech in Leopold-Loeb Trial.

366

”To the Jury: Self-Defense, August 14-15, 1912.” In Great American Speeches, 1898-1963, Texts and Studies. Edited by John Graham. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1970, p. 31-35. Excerpts of summation speech at his first bribery trial, 1912.

1971 367

(Scopes, John Thomas, Defendant). The World’s Most Famous Court Trial; Tennessee Evolution Case; a Complete Steno­ graphic Report of the Famous Court Test of the Tennessee Anti-Evolution Act, at Dayton, July 10 to 21, 1925, Includ­ ing Speeches and Arguments of Attorneys. New York: DaCapo Press, 1971. 339 pp. Reprint of 1925 edition. Contains Darrow’s speeches and arguments. 1972

368

Crime; Its Cause and Treatment.

Patterson Smith Reprint

Writings by Darrow

53

Series in Criminology, Law Enforcement and Social Prob­ lems, Publication no. 143. Montclair, N. J.: Patterson Smith, 1972. 292 pp. Reprint of 1922 edition with an introduction by Donald R. Cressey of University of California. 369

(Debate). Marx Versus Tolstoy; a Debate Between Clarence Darrow and Arthur M. Lewis. The Peace Movement in America. New York: J. S. Ozer, 1972. 124 p. Reprint of debate published in 1911 (item 81).

370

’’Foreword. ” In Fifty Years of Free Thought; Being the Story of the ’’Truth Seeker, ” with the Natural History of Its Third Editor, by George E. MacDonald. New York: Arno Press, 1972. 2 vols. in 1. Reprint of 1931 edition. 1973

371

’’Attorney for the Defense. ” Esquire, LXXX (October, 1973), p. 224-27+. Reprint of article first published in Esquire, May 1966 (item 288).

1974 372

’’Debate on Life. ” In ’’Clarence Darrow--Public Debater: A Rhetorical Analysis, ” by James E. Sayer. Ph. D. disserta­ tion, Bowling Green State University, 1974, p. 244-57. Text of debate with Will Durant entitled ”Is Man a Ma­ chine?” held 8 January 1927.

373

’’Debate on Prohibition. ” In ’’Clarence Darrow--Public Debater: A Rhetorical Analysis, ” by James E. Sayer. Ph. D. disser­ tation, Bowling Green State University, 1974, p. 234-43. Text of debate with Wayne B. Wheeler in 1927 (item 210).

374

’’Debate on Immigration.” In ’’Clarence Darrow--Public Deba­ ter: A Rhetorical Analysis, ” by James E. Sayer. Ph. D. dissertation, Bowling Green State University, 1974, p. 25864. Text of debate with Dr. Lothrop Stoddard in 1929 (item 244).

375

’’Debate on Prohibition. ” In ’’Clarence Darrow--Public ter: A Rhetorical Analysis, ” by James E. Sayer. dissertation, Bowling Green State University, 1974, 33. Text of debate with Rev. John Haynes Holmes in (item 156).

Deba­ Ph. D. p. 2151924

Clarence Darrow

54 376

’’Debate on Capital Punishment. ” In ’’Clarence Darrow--Public Debater: A Rhetorical Analysis, ” by James E. Sayer. Ph. D. dissertation. Bowling Green State University, 1974, p. 201-14. Text of debate with Judge Alfred Talley in 1924 (item 154).

377 A Persian Pearl, and Other Essays. New York: Haskell House, 1974. 175 pp. Reprint of essays first published in 1899 (item 18). 1975 378

’’Absurdities of the Bible. ” Humanist, XXXV (September-Octo­ ber, 1975), p. 48-50. Reprint from pamphlet published in 1928 (item 230).

379

In Re Debs. ” In Landmark Briefs and Arguments of the Su­ preme Court of the United States: Constitutional Law. Edited by Philip B. Kurland and Gerhard Casper. Washing­ ton, D. C.: University Publications of America, 1975Brief and argument in Pullman Strike. Contained in this series are cases from 1793 to 1978, now numbering 112 volumes.

380

Crime and Criminals; an Address Delivered to the Prisoners in the Chicago County Jail. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1975. 41 pp. Reprint of a speech in 1902 (item 42).

381

Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. New York: Arno Press, 1975. 448 pp. 33 articles, speeches, essays and debates outside the courtroom. Reprint of 1963 edition published by Quadrangle Books (item 330). The 33 individual writings contained in this volume are identical to those listed in item numbers 330 to 355h. 1976

382

”It Is Too Horrible a Thing for a State to Undertake. ” In Voices Against Death; American Opposition to Capital Punishment, 1787-1975. Edited by Philip E. Mackey. New York: Burt Franklin, 1976, p. 167-79. Excerpts from debate with Judge Talley in 1924. Includes only the negative side of the debate (Darrow’s statements). 1978

383

(Scopes, John Thomas, Defendant).

The World’s Most Famous

Writings by Darrow

55

Court Trial, Tennessee Evolution Case; a Word-for-Word Report of the Famous Court Test of the Tennssee Anti­ Evolution Act, at Dayton, July 10 to 21, 192 5, Including Speeches and Arguments of Attorneys, Testimony of Noted Scientists, and BryanTs Last Speech. Reprinted with new introduction and appendix supplement. Dayton, TN.: Rhea County Historical Society, 1978. 339 pp. Appendix supple­ ment, 83 pp. Reprint of 1925 edition with additional appeal briefs and documents.

■

III.

WRITINGS ABOUT CLARENCE DARROW 1889

384 "Tariff Reform Convention. " Chicago Tribune, 22 February 1889, p. 2. ~ Darrow was an active participant at this prestigious con­ vention. It was his motion that secured official recognition for the women delegates. 1899

385

"Tribute to Ingersoll. " Interocean (Chicago) 7 August 1899, p. 4. Excerpts of Darrow's remarks at. the memorial service for Robert G. Ingersoll, the famous agnostic. 1902

386

"Here Is a Lawyer Whose Long Record Is the Best Proof of His Strong Love for the People. " Chicago Evening Ameri­ can, 25 October 1902, p. 3 (night edition)" An article advocating the election of Darrow during his campaign for Illinois State Congressman.

387

"French Medal for Clarence Darrow. " Chicago Evening Ameri­ can, 27 December 1902, p. 8. Medal presented to Darrow from the French Government for presiding over the Victor Hugo Society of Chicago.

1903 388

"People Talked About. " Leslie’s Weekly, XCI (1 January 1903), p. 3. "He is a strict vegetarian and an advanced Socialist. "

389

New York Times, 13 February "Mr. Darrow's Argu: ent. 1903, p. 2. Excerpts from summation at the Anthracite Coal strike commission hearings.

390

"Coal Commission Ends Its Hearing. "

••

57

New York Times, 14

Clarence Darrow

58

February 1903, p. 3. Excerpts of Darrow's statements to the Anthracite Coal Strike Commission at their hearing. 391

'’Argument Before the Anthracite Coal Commission. " North American (Philadelphia), 13, 14, 15, 16 February 1903. Darrow's statements at the hearings conducted by the commission appointed by Pres. Theodore Roosevelt to in­ vestigate coal miners strike. Darrow served as attorney for the United Mine Workers.

392

’’The Outlook for Coal. ” Harper’s Weekly, XLVII (7 March 1903), p. 372. Editorial comment on the coal strike and hearings. Somewhat critical of Darrow and the miners' actions. 1904

393

’’Hot one from Darrow. " Chicago Tribune, 9 July 1904, p. 2. Report of Darrow's seconding speech for William R. Hearst for president at the Democratic Party Convention in St. Louis.

394

’’Spoils a Hopkins Joke. " Chicago Tribune, 9 July 1904, p. 2. Brief report of Darrow's speech seconding the nomination of William R. Hearst for president at the Democratic Party Convention. John Hopkins, leader of the Illinois delegation, was opposed to Hearst. 1905

395

"Darrow Chicago’s Counsel. " New York Times, 13 April 1905, p. 1. Darrow is appointed counsel for the street railway for city of Chicago.

1907

396 Thieman, Paul (Editorial). Denver Post, 7 May 1907, p. 16. Editorial critical of Darrow and his Socialist ideas. 397

"How Darrow Looks to the General Fraternity of the Free­ thinkers. " Denver Post, 7 May 1907, p. 16. Reprint of article in Golden Elk, May 1907.

398

"Thinks Haywood Jury Hard to Get. " New York Times, 7 May 1907, p. 2. ~ -------------Darrow says an unprejudiced jury will be hard to get in Haywood trial.

Writings About Darrow

59

399

"Darrow on the Talesman. ’’ New York Times, 10 May 1907 p. 2 ----------------------Progress report on jury selection in Haywood trial.

400

"Darrow Talks of the Day. " New York Times, 14 May 1907, p. 2. Progress report on jury selection in Haywood trial.

401

Edgar, M. L. "Clarence S. Darrow. " XVII (16 May 1907), p. 13-14. Profile of Darrow.

402

North, Luke. "A Man of the People. " Golden Elk (Los Angeles), VI (May, 1907), p. 18-24. Brief profile of Darrow including a crayon sketch.

403

"Haywood Defense Laid Out. " New York Times, 25 June 1907, p. 3. Darrow claims Haywood innocent.

404

"Haywood Defense to Show a Plot. " New York Times, 28 June 1907, p. 3. Darrow promises proof of counter conspiracy by mine owners.

405

(Principals in the Haywood Trial). New York Times, 30 June 1907, Sec. 1, p. 5. Photos of Darrow, Borah, Haywood and others.

406

"Closing Speech in Haywood Case. " New York Times, 19 July 1907, p. 2. Excerpts of Darrow’s summation speech.

407

"Darrow Denounces Hawley at Boise. " New York Times, 2 5 July 1907, p. 5. Hawley was prosecuting attorney in Haywood Trial.

408

"Borah Begins Last Speech at Boise. " New York Times, 26 July 1907, p. 2. Prosecuting attorney Borah’s speech in Haywood case. Excerpts of Darrow’s closing speech included.

409

North, Luke. "A Dangerous Doctrine. ’’ Golden Elk (Los Angeles), VI (July 1907), p. 19-31. Article defending Darrow’s philosophy of nonresistance. Written in response to an editorial critical of Darrow and nonresistant philosophy in Denver Post, 7 May 1907.

410

"Cheer Haywood in Denver. ’’ New York Times, 5 August 1907, p. 14. 10, 000 people on hand to cheer Haywood and Darrow on their return from trial in Idaho.

Mirror (St. Louis)

Clarence Darrow

60 411

"Miners Drop Darrow. " New York Tinies, 7 August 1907, p. 2. Western Federation of Miners retain other counsel after Haywood Trial.

412

"Who Is This Man Darrow?" Current Literature (New York) XLIII (August, 1907), p. 157-59. Interview with Darrow. 1908

413

"Socialists Cheer Darrow. " New York Times, 8 September 1908, p. 6. Darrow addresses a Socialist meeting. 1909

414

"Free Speech, Free Press—Darrow on Boycotts and Injunc­ tions. " Union Labor Advocate (Chicago) X (March 1909), p. 10-14. Report of labor meeting at which Darrow spoke protest­ ing the jailing of Samuel Gompers and other officers of AFL, at Garrick Theatre, February 14, 1909.

415

"Eloquent Address by C. S. Darrow. " Youngstown Daily Vin­ dicator, 3 May 1909. Anti-prohibition speech at Youngstown, Ohio, Opera House to an overflow crowd. Excerpts of the two hour speech are included.

1910 416

"Socialist Advises Negroes to Strike. " New York Times, 13 May 1910, p. 2. Darrow’s speech at Cooper Union, New York City.

417

"Darrow on Roosevelt. " Mirror (St. Louis) XX (24 November 1910), p. 18. Letter to the editor from a reader supporting Darrow’s Socialist ideas. 1911

418

"Darrow May Defend Them." New York Times, 26 April 1911, p. 3. John J. McNamara and James B. McNamara accused of dynamiting Los Angeles Times building in which 20 were killed.

Writings About Darrow

61

419

’’Grand Jury on Defense.” New York Times, 2 August 1911, p. 1. Darrow charges that Los Angeles Grand Jury is prolong­ ing its existence just to harass the defense in McNamara in­ dictment.

420

(Editorial) Life LVHI (7 September 1911), p. 374. Comment on Darrow’s article in American Magazine, September, 1911, on ’’Why Men Fight for the Closed Shop. ”

421

’’Unions and the Rest of Us. ” California Outlook (Los Angeles) XI (9 September 1911), p. 4. Editorial about Darrow’s championship of labor unions.

422

’’McNamara Trial Today. ” New York Times, 11 October 1911, p. 2. Darrow reports defense fund for McNamara Brothers trial is $120,000.

423

’’McNamara Jurors Now Number Three. ” New York Times, 22 October 1911, p. 7. Darrow hopes for full jury by end of the year.

424

’’McNamara Lawyer Halts the Trial. ” New York Times, 28 October 1911, p. 8. Darrow halts trial until court passes on defense chal­ lenges.

425

’’Both McNamaras Plead Guilty to Los Angeles Dynamiting. ” New York Times, 2 December 1911, p. 1. Plea of McNamara Brothers changed from not guilty to guilty. Darrow comments to reporters about change.

426

’’Darrow to Give Accounting. ” New York Times, 6 December 1911, p. 2. McNamara trial expenses being paid from funds raised by American Federation of Labor.

427

’’Would Disbar Darrow. ” New York Times, 6 December 1911, p. 2. Civil suit against Darrow by an engineer who prepared drawings of Los Angeles Times building, claims defense did not honor contract in McNamara case.

428

’’First Duty Seemingly Placed Last. ” New York Times, 7 De­ cember 1911, p. 12. Editorial critical of Darrow’s handling of the guilty pleas of McNamara Brothers.

429

”A Lawyer and His Duties. ” New York Times, 8 December 1911, p. 12. Editorial critical of Darrow’s handling of his clients in McNamara case.

Clarence Darrow

62

430

■’Implicates Darrow7 in Lorimer Bribery. ” New York Times, 10 December 1911, Sec. 3, p. 2. Chicago Attorney Maxwell Edgar charges Darrow with bribery in Lorimer case involving tax fight of International Harvester with the city of Chicago.

431

’’Now7 Names Darrow in Bribery Tale. ” New York Times, 12 December 1911, p. 3. Bert Franklin, detective employed by Darrow, implicates Darrow in jury bribery.

432

’’Setback for Lorimer. ” New York Times, 15 December 1911, p. 2. Senate Committee strikes out testimony of Maxwell Edgar implicating Darrow in Lorimer case involving International Harvester tax fight with city of Chicago.

433

Connolly, Christopher P. ’’The Saving of Clarence Darrow: Dramatic Close of the McNamara Case. ” Colliers XLVIII (23 December 1911), p. 9-10. Comment on McNamara Trial.

434

”No Case Against Darrow. ” New York Times, 25 December 1911, p. 8. District Attorney says Darrow not implicated in jury bribery charges. 1912

435

’’McNamara Counsel Unpaid. ” New York Times, 8 January 1912, p. 3. Darrow says he has not yet been paid, but defense fund stands at $190,000.

436

’’Darrow Retains Counsel. ” New York Times, 28 January 1912, p. 6. Earl Rogers will defend Darrow on bribery charges.

437

’’Darrow Indicted on Bribery Charges. ” New York Times, 30 January 1912, p. 1. Darrow released on bail, $20, 000.

438

’’Darrow’s Detective May Confess All. ” New York Times, 31 January 1912, p. 1. Bert Franklin, detective employed by Darrow, implicates Darrow in bribery charges, reversing earlier statement.

439

’’Darrow Pleads Not Guilty. ” New York Times, 4 February 1912, p. 1. -------Denies ordering bribery of jurors.

440

’’Darrow Detective Confesses Bribery. ” New York Times, 28

Writings About Darrow

63

February 1912, p. 7. Bert Franklin pleads guilty to bribing juror Robert Bain.

441

’’Evidence Against Darrow. ” New York Times, 2 March 1912, p. 3. Bert Franklin’s confession to be used in Darrow’s Trial.

442

’’Burns Wins Over a Hostile Audience. ” New York Times, 8 March 1912, p. 4. Detective Burns, in a speech to Liberal club, New York City, charges that McNamara defense money was used to bribe jurors and that Lincoln Steffens was ”bunked” by Darrow.

443

’’Darrow Trial on May 14. ” New York Times, 10 March 1912, p. 16. Date set for trial on bribery charges.

444

’’Dictograph near Darrow. ” New York Times, 13 March 1912, p. 2. Prosecution planted listening device in room of Darrow’s associate counsel trying to get evidence against him.

445

’’Darrow’s Trial Near. ” New York Times, 6 May 1912, p. 5. Darrow to assist in his own defense.

446

’’Lack One to Try Darrow. ” New York Times, 21 May 1912, p. 1. Jury selection nearly complete.

447

’’Darrow Trial Halted. ” New York Times, 22 May 1912, p. 13. Illness of jury panel halts trial.

448

”13 Jurors for Darrow. ” New York Times, 23 May 1912, p. 1. List of jurors names and occupations, including alter­ nate juror in case of illness.

449

’’Expect Darrow to Confess. ” New York Times, 25 May 1912, p. 6. Gen. Harrison Gray Otis, publisher of Los Angeles Times, e?re ects Darrow to confess.

450

’’Darrow Denies Confessing. ” Sec. 4, p. 10. Reply to Gen. Otis.

451

’’Link Darrow’s Name in Bribery Charge. ” New York Times, 28 May 1912, p. 6. Testimony of George Lockwood, juror who said he was bribed.

New York Times, 26 May 1912,

64

Clarence Darrow

452

'’Bribery Fund $5000 Says Jury Fixer.” New York Times, 29 May 1912, p. 6. Testimony of Bert Franklin, Darrow’s investigator.

453

’’Tells of Lock wood Bribery. ” New York Times, 30 May 1912, p. 7. Testimony of Bert Franklin.

454

’’Will Finish Bribe Tale. ” New York Times, 31 May 1912, p. 8. Crossexamination of Franklin.

455

’’Darrow Gave $4000 Bribe, says Witness. ” New York Times, 1 June 1912, p. 4. Testimony of Bert Franklin. Said Job Harriman, So­ cialist candidate for mayor of Los Angeles, provided bribery money.

456

O’Day, F. ’’Varied Types—Clarence Darrow. ” Town Talk (San Francisco) XX (1 June 1912), p. 7. Interview with Darrow during his trial for jury bribery.

457

’’Death Delays Darrow Trial. ” New York Times, 2 June 1912, p. 11. Cyrus S. McNutt, associate defense counsel dies.

458

’’Says Gompers Sent $4000 Bribe Money. ” New York Times, 5 June 1912, p. 8. Additional testimony of Bert Franklin.

459

’’Planned to Save Darrow. ” New York Times, 8 June 1912, p. 5. Franklin first said Darrow not involved with bribe.

460

’’Near McNamara Witness. ” New York Times, 12 June 1912, p. 5. Hotel clerk F. A. Diekelman testifies against Darrow.

461

’’Expects Darrow Conviction. ” New York Times, 7 July 1912, Sec. 4, p. 12. W. J. Burns, of the detective agency, says Darrow will be convicted.

462

’’Steffens Faces Fredericks. ” New York Times, 20 July 1912, p. 7. Lincoln Steffens testifies on behalf of Darrow.

463

Darrow Denies Bribery. ” New York Times, 30 July 1912, p. 7. Darrow takes stand in his own defense.

464

’’Darrow Closes in Tears. ” New York Times, 16 August 1912, p. 10. Speech in his own defense.

Writings About Darrow

65

465

"Darrow Case to Jury. " New York Times, 17 August 1912, p. 9. ’ Prosecution sums up.

466

"Darrow Acquitted; May be Tried Again. " New York Times, 18 August 1912, p. 8. Not guilty verdict returned in 34 minutes. Another trial expected on second count of bribery.

467

"The Acquittal of Darrow. " New York Times, 20 August 1912 p. 8. Editorial calls for a detailed accounting of funds raised for McNamara defense fund.

468

"No Judge to Try Darrow. " New York Times, 26 August 1912, p. 3. ---------------------All 12 judges in Los Angeles Superior Court refuse to preside at second Darrow trial.

469

"Will Try Darrow Again. " New York Times, 27 August 1912, p. 1. Motion to dismiss second indictment denied. 1913

470

"Errands of Mercy That Failed. " Literary Digest (New York) XLVI (8 March 1913), p. 547-50. Account of two missions in which Darrow, along with Brand Whitlock, attempted to gain release or pardon for convicts without success. Whitlock was a friend of Darrow and onetime Mayor of Toledo.

471

"Darrow Jury Fails to Agree; 6 for Him. " New York Times, 9 March 1913, p. 12. Second trial ends in hung jury. One juror said Darrow’s speech condoning McNamara dynamiting was responsible for jurors wanting to convict.

472

"Says Darrow Hugged Her. " New York Times, 1913, p. 12. Mrs. Anneta Mayr, filing suit against her claimed that Darrow embraced her. Darrow her a few times, but only in the presence of

473

14 September husband, said he saw his wife.

Speeches and Proceedings at a Banquet in Honor of Clarence Darrow. Chicago: Barnard and Miller, 1913. 22 pp. Dinner sponsored by the Lawyers Association of Illinois, held at Hotel Sherman, Chicago, May 10, 1913, following Darrow’s return from Los Angeles where he had been for two years while involved with the McNamara Trial and his own trial.

Clarence Darrow

66

474 ’’Darrow Case Dropped. ” New York Times, 21 December 1913, Sec. 2, p. 2. Second bribery charge dropped.

1914 475 ’’Celebrate Birth of Jewish Union. ” New York Times, 25 January 1914, p. 9. Darrow was cheered for eight minutes by a full house at Carnegie Hall. Samuel Gompers, head of American Federation of Labor, also spoke at this meeting of the United Hebrew Trades of New York.

476

1, 000 Shout in Dark in Cooper Union RoNew York Times, 5 Maj? 1914, p. 3. Following a rousing speech by Darrow to the Women's Trade Union League, a commotion was started and lights were turned off to control the crowd. 1915

477

"Not a Free Country." New York Times, 19 May 1915, p. 15. Darrow's address before the Committee on Industrial Re­ lations, Washington, D. C. He said labor laws are not "worth a pinch of snuff. "

1916 478 Masters, Edgar Lee. "On a Bust. " (Poem) In Songs and Satires, by Edgar Lee Masters. New York: Macmillan, 1916, p. 98-100. A poem depicting someone contemplating a bronze bust, supposedly of Darrow. It is a hostile and vicious attack on Darrow's character. Masters and Darrow were partners in the law firm of Darrow, Masters and Wilson from 1903 to 1911.

1917

479

"Charges Traitors in America Are Disrupting Russia. " New York Times, 16 September 1917, Sec. 1, p. 1. Darrow and Charles E. Russell spoke denouncing pacifists at meeting of American Alliance for Labor and Democracy.

1918

480

"Neutrality a Mark of Inferiority. " New York Times, 18 Mav 1918, p. 12. -----------------------

Writings About Darrow

67

Editorial objecting to Darrow's views of neutrality as ex­ pressed in recent speech.

481

"Darrow to Tell of Our War Policies. ’’ New York Times, 20 July 1918, p. 14. Darrow was chosen, along with a number of other Ameri­ cans, to form a special mission to tour France and England to explain American war policy.

482

"To Tell Our War Ideals. " New York Times, 22 July 1918, p. 10. Group leaves on speaking tour to Europe. "America will fight until Prussian militarism is destroyed. "

483

"No Time to Think of Peace. " New York Times, 9 August 1918, p. 7, 12. Darrow said the world not big enough for peace and Prus­ sian militarism in an article published by the American Al­ liance for Labor and Democracy.

484

"Had Talk with President. " New York Times, 27 December 1918, p. 20. Darrow testifies at trial of Victor L. Berger, charged with espionage. Darrow said he talked with both President Wilson and President Roosevelt about the danger of suppres­ sing freedom of speech, even during wartime.

1920 485

"Strike Hint Given in Gitlow Trial. " New York Times, 22 January 1920, p. 2. Darrow joins in defense of J. Larkin and Benjamin Gitlow in trial for criminal anarchy. Defendants wrote article in the radical newspaper, Revolutionary Age, which advocated destruction of the state.

486

Giovannitti, Arturo. "Communism on Trial. " Liberator (New York) III (March, 1920), p. 5-8. Comment on the trial of twenty members of the Commu­ nist Labor Party defended by Darrow.

487

Simons, H. Austin. "Guilty: the General Strike. " Liberator (New York) HI (September, 1920), p. 12. Comment on the trial of the twenty members of the Com­ munist Labor Party defended by Darrow.

488

Gitlow, Benjamin. The 'Red Ruby' Address to the Jury ... New York: Communist Labor Party, 1920? 15 pp. Gitlow's speech to the jury at his trial for anarchy.

489

"Darrow Dares Jury to Convict Reds on Trial. " Chicago Tribune, 31 July 1920, p. 1. Trial of twenty members of Communist Labor Party.

Clarence Darrow

68 1921

490

’’Darrow-Nearing Debate. ” New York Times, 28 November 1921, p. 12. Darrow affirmative on topic ’’Permanent Progress for Human Race Is Impossible. ” Scott Nearing negative, at the Manhattan Opera House. 1922

491

Masters, Edgar Lee. ’’Clarence Darrow. ” (Poem) Rockford (IL) Republic, 11 October 1922, p. 9. Poem by Darrow’s law partner from 1903 to 1911.

492

”700 Hear Darrow and Thompson in Debate. ” Rockford (IL) Republic, 16 October 1922, p. 5. Debate with Barney Thompson on topic ”Is Life Worth Living?” Darrow said ”an optimist is much more likely to commit suicide than a pessimist because he is much more disappointed when things go wrong. ” 1923

493

’’Darrow asks W. J. Bryan to Answer These. ” Chicago Trib­ une, 4 July 1923, p. 1, 12. Text of Darrow’s letter to the Chicago Tribune posing a number of questions to Bryan about the literal interpretation of the Bible.

494

’’Bryan Brushes Darrow Bible Queries Aside. ” Chicago Tribune, 5 July 1923, p. 15. Bryan declines to answer Darrow questions about the Bible. Said his quarrel is not with avowed agnostics such as Darrow, but with other Christian interpretations of the Bible.

495

’’Clarence Darrow. ” Pearson’s Magazine (New York) IL (November 1923), p. 6. Photograph of Kathleen Wheeler’s sculptured bust of Darrow. 1924

496

’’Darrow Presents Plea of Mercy for Slayers of Franks. ” New York Times, 1 August 1924, p. 1, 3. Darrow asks that Leopold and Loeb be spared from death penalty.

497

”Mob Storms Hearing of Franks Slayers. ” New York Times, 23 August 1924, p. 1, 5.

Writings About Darrow

69

Some women faint as crowd pushes in hearing room to hear Darrow's summation speech at Leopold-Loeb Trial. 498

"Urges Life Terms for Franks Slayers. " New York Times, 24 August 1924, p. 13. Summation speech of Darrow in Leopold-Loeb Trial.

499

"You May Hang These Boys, But You Will Turn Your Faces to the Past. " Chicago Herald-Examiner, 26 August 1924, p. 1, 3, 4, 5. Text of Darrow's summation speech in the Leopold-Loeb Case.

500

"Darrow Ends Plea for Franks Slayers. " New York Times, 26 August 1924, p. 1, 3. Excerpts of summation speech in Leopold-Loeb Case.

501

"Mr. Darrow on Wealth. " New York Times, 1 September 1924, p. 12. Letter to the editor from Elmer Davis in sarcastic tone criticizing Darrow's statement on wealth.

502

"Not a Victory, Says Darrow. " New York Times, 12 Septem­ ber 1924, p. 19. Says life imprisonment for Leopold and Loeb is not a victory.

503

"Darrow Likes Plan for Crime Hospital. " New York Times, 22 September 1924, p. 21. Darrow endorses plan for proposed neuropathic hospital in New York.

504

"Attacks Darrow’s View of Criminals. " New York Times, 23 September 1924, p. 25. Judge Talley says prisons are already too luxurious.

505

"Darrow Enlisted to Help Save Grant. " New York Times, 23 September 1924, p. 13. Darrow to plead appeal for Bernard Grant, convicted murderer of R. Souders.

506

"Darrow and Talley on Death Penalty. " New York Times, 27 October 1924, p. 40. Report of debate on capital punishment sponsored by the League for Public Discussion. Talley for death penalty, Darrow against.

507

"Darrow Can Find No Goal in Life. " New York Times, 1 De­ cember 1924, p. 7. Report of debate on topic "Is Human Race Worth Working For?" Professor Scott Nearing, affirmative, Darrow, nega­ tive.

Clarence Darrow

70

508

"Supermonkeys. " New York Times, 2 December 1924, p. 24. Editorial on debate of Scott Nearing and Darrow.

509

"Darrow for Liquor; Holmes Against It. " New York Times, 15 December 1924, p. 13. Debate on prohibition with Rev. John Haynes Holmes. Audience was requested to mail in their vote for the winner of debate.

510

"$50,000 Fee for Darrow." New York Times, 30 December 1924, p. 19. Darrow’s fee in the Leopold-Loeb Case, as determined by the Chicago Bar Association.

511

Duncan-Clark, S. J. "Clarence Darrow’s Fight Against the Death Penalty. " Success (New York) VUI (December, , 1924) p. 28-31, 123. Account of Darrow’s activities to abolish capital punish­ ment. 1925

512

"Fee of Darrow and Associates $130, 000 for Saving Lives of Loeb and Leopold." New York Times, 9 January 1925, p. 1. Fee established by Chicago Bar Association.

513

"Their Fees Based on Success. " New York Times, 10 January 1925, p. 12. Editorial on fees paid Darrow in Leopold-Loeb Case.

514

Hard, William. "That Man Darrow. " Hearst’s International (New York), XLVII (January, 1925), p. 56-57, 112-113. Profile of Darrow’s career.

515

Anderson, Paul Y. (Interview with Darrow). St. Louis Post­ Dispatch, 10 May 192 5, p. lb, 4b. Report of an interview in which Darrow discussed a num­ ber of topics.

516

"Scopes Will Fight Anti-Evolution Law. " New York Times, 17 May 1925, p. 24. Darrow offers to defend John T. Scopes without fee.

517

"Darrow and Malone to Defend Scopes. " New York Times, 18 May 1925, p. 15. Scopes’ lawyer welcomes aid of Darrow and Malone.

518

"Darrow Repeats Offer. " New York Times, 23 May 1925, p. 15. Repeats offer to defend Scopes.

Writings About Darrow

71

519

’’Hangman Cheers Up. ” Independent (Boston), CXIV (23 May , 1925) p. 571. Article on Darrow’s announced retirement.

520

’’Colby and Darrow Will Defend Scopes. ’’ New York Times, 10 June 1925, p. 1, 2. Bainbridge Colby, Secretary of State under President Wilson, added to defense staff of Scopes.

521

’’Scopes Dined, Says Fight Is for Liberty. ” New York Times, 11 June 1925, p. 1, 2. Darrow speaks at dinner honoring Scopes.

522

’’Darrow Offers Aid to Freethinkers. ” New York Times, 11 June 1925, p. 2. Freethinkers Society vs. Mr. Vernon School, New York, in compulsory religious services suit.

523

’’Changes all for the Worse. ” New York Times, 12 June 1925, p. 18. Editorial on Darrow's speech on evolution to the civic club.

524

’’Seek Osborn’s Help for Scopes in Trial. ” New York Times, 12 June 1925, p. 3. Darrow confers with scientist Henry Osborn on witnesses for Scopes trial.

525

’’Denies Evolution Repudiates Bible. " New York Times, 22 June 192 5, p. 5. Darrow says there is no conflict between evolution and Bible.

526

Sandburg, Carl. ’’Clarence Darrow. ” Bokstugan (Stockholm) VIII (June-August 1925), p. 18-19. Article in Swedish-language magazine.

527

’’Scopes Attorneys Fight Dayton Trial. ” New York Times, 4 July 192 5, p. 2. Defense asks federal court for injunction on grounds evo­ lution law is unconstitutional.

528

’’Hostility Grows in Dayton Crowds. ” New York Times, 12 July 1925, p. 1, 2. Bryan and Darrow clash on testimony by scientists at Scopes trial.

529

"Persons and Scenes in the Scopes Trial, Dayton, Tennessee. " New York Times, 13 July 1925, p. 5. Portraits of Darrow, Scopes, Malone and courtroom scenes.

530

"Darrow Scores Ignorance and Bigotry; Seeking to Quash

72

Clarence Darrow

Scopes Indictment; State Argues for Its Police Power. ” New York Times, 14 July 1925, p. 1, 2.

531

’’Argument by Darrow at Dayton Assailing Foes of Evolution. ” New York Times, 14 July 1925, p. 2. Text of Darrow's opening statements in Scopes Trial.

532

’’Stormy Scenes in the Trial of Scopes as Darrow Moves to Bar All Prayers.” New York Times, 15 July 1925, p. 1, 2. Judge overrules objection to prayers in court.

533

’’Darrow Puts First Scientist on Stand to Instruct Scopes Judge on Evolution; State Completes Its Case in an Hour. ” New York Times, 16 July 1925, p. 1, 2.

534

’’Straton Attacks Darrow. ” New York Tinies, 17 July 1925, p. 3. Rev. Straton, Calvary Baptist Church, New York City, compares Darrow with the Devil, Bryan with Christ.

535

’’Judge Shatters the Scopes Defense by Barring Testimony of Scientists; Sharp Clashes as Darrow Defies Court. ” New York Times, 18 July 192 5, p. 1, 2. Scientists as witnesses ruled inadmissable.

536

’’Darrow in Liberal Church. ” New York Times, 18 July 1925, p. 2. Darrow elected honorary member of Liberal Church in Denver for his part in Scopes Trial.

537

’’Seeks Bryan-Darrow Debate. ” New York Times, 18 July 1925, p. 2. Invitation of Mayor of Asbury Park, N. J. , is declined.

538

’’Bryan and Darrow Wage War of Words in Trial Interlude. ” New York Times, 19 July 1925, p. 1.

539

’’Dayton Fortified Against Last Shock of Darrow Attack. ” New York Times, 20 July 1925, p. 1, 2. Darrow lectures on Tolstoy at Chattanooga Young Men’s Hebrew Association. Scopes defense will appeal if Scopes Trial is lost.

540

’’Open Drive to End the Death Penalty. ” New York Times, 20 July 1925, p. 7. ““ Darrow backs drive to abolish capital punishment.

541

’’Text of Mr. Bryan’s Testimony as a Defense Witness on the Stand in the Scopes Trial; Defends Bible Miracles; Ques­ tioned by Mr. Darrow, He Admits Ignorance of Science; Heated Clashes Mark Commoner’s Examination. ” New York Times, 21 July 192 5, p. 2.

Writings About Darrow

73

Excerpts of Darrow’s examination of Bryan at Scopes Trial.

542

’’Big Crowd Watches Trial Under Trees. ” New York Times, 21 July 192 5, p. 1, 2. Crowd applauds Bryan’s defense of Bible and laughs at Darrow’s humor.

543

’’Bryan, Made Witness in Open Air Court, Shakes His Fist at Darrow Amid Cheers; Apology Ends Contempt Proceed­ ings. ” New York Times, 21 July 1925, p. 1, 2. Darrow apologizes to Judge for his outburst of temper.

544

’’Scopes Guilty, Fined $100, Scores Law; Benediction Ends Trial, Appeal Starts; Darrow Answers Nine Bryan Ques­ tions. ” New York Times, 22 July 1925, p. 1, 2. End of Scopes Trial.

545

’’Rail Victims to Retain Darrow. ” New York Times, 22 July 1925, p. 5. Victims of train wreck at Rockport Sag, N. J. , seek Darrow as attorney.

546

’’Crowd at End Surges to Darrow. ” New York Times, 22 July 1925, p. 2. Fundamentalist spectators congratulate Darrow after the Scopes Trial.

547

’’Text of Bryan’s Nine Questions on Religion and Darrow’s Replies to the Commoner. ” New York Times, 22 July 1925, p. 2.

548

’’Pray for Conversion of Darrow. ” New York Times, 23 July 1925, p. 2. Louisiana Church prays for Darrow.

549

’’Ignorance Charge Denied by Bryan. ” New York Times, 25 July 192 5, p. 10. Bryan says Darrow took unfair advantage of him at Scopes Trial by asking him scientific and technical ques­ tions.

550

Owen, Russell. ’’Darrow Likes to Fight for Lost Causes. ” New York Times Magazine, 26 July 1925, p. 2. Special article on Darrow’s life and career.

551

’’Darrow Deeply Grieved.” New York Times, 27 July 1925, p. 2. Death of Bryan brings tribute from Darrow.

552

Gunn, John W. ”A Day With Clarence Darrow. ” HaldemanJulius Monthly (Girard, KS.) II (July, 192 5). An interview with Darrow relating his thoughts on a number of topics.

Clarence Darrow

74 553

New York Times, ’’Straton to Debate Darrow, He Hopes. 4 August 1925, p. 10. Rev. John R. Straton plans for a number of debates, hoping to carry on the Fundamentalist fight for the late William Jennings Bryan.

554

’’Darrow Refuses any Payment. ” New York Times, 5 August 1925, p. 10. Darrow declines payment from American Civil Liberties •• Union for Scopes Trial.

555

’’Darrow Answers Judge.” New York Times, 12 August 1925, p. 6. Darrow says Judge Raulston used Scopes Trial as cam­ paign for his reelection.

556

’’Darrow Denounced at Dayton Meeting. ” New York Times, 14 August 1925, p. 32. At Bryan Memorial Association meeting, Judge Raulston denies Darrow’s charge that he used Scopes Trial for his own reelection.

557

”Dr. Straton in Chicago.” New York Times, 19 August 1925, p. 19, Rev. John R. Straton challenges Darrow and Dr. S. Mathews, Dean of University of Chicago Divinity School, to a debate.

558

’’Darrow Will Debate With Straton. ” August 1925, p. 10.

559

’’Darrow Only Considering Debate. ” New York Times, 21 August 1925, p. 15. J. R. Straton still seeking debate with Darrow.

560

’’Fosdick a Bigger Peril Than Darrow. ” New York Times, 24 August 1925, p. 16. Rev. J. F. Norris, First Baptist Church, Ft. Worth, Texas, says Rev. Harry Emerson Fosdick is worse than Darrow in his unChristian beliefs.

561

’’Darrow Turns from the Law. ” New York Times, 27 August 1925, p. 21. Darrow visits with publisher Emanuel Haldeman-Julius at Girard, Kansas, and says he will retire.

562

kit ’’Jurist Criticizes Darrow’s Conduct. ” New York Times, 28 August, 1925, p. 30. C. T. Marshall, Chief Justice of Ohio Supreme Court, says Darrow’s conduct at Scopes Trial was unethical.

563

’’Darrow Replies to Ohio Jurist. ” New York Times, 29 August 1925, p. 11. Defends his conduct in Scopes Trial.

New York Times, 20

kit

Writings About Darrow

75

564

"His Argument Could Be Answered. " New York Times, 28 September 1925, p. 18. Editorial on Darrow's article on eugenics in American Mercury, October 1925.

565

"Darrow to Defend Negro. " New York Times, 22 October 1925, p. 11. A penniless fourteen year old boy, Fred Curry, is ac­ cused of killing a schoolmate in a fight.

566

"McConnell and Darrow Debate Life's Origin. " Christian Century, XLII (5 November 1925), p. 1386.

567

"Darrow Ridicules the Volstead Act. " New York Times, 9 November 192 5, p. 6. Report of speech delivered at the Negro YMCA in Detroit.

568

"Darrow to Combat Lenroot on Court. " New York Times, 11 December 1925, p. 19. Plans debate with U. S. Senator Lenroot on World Court at Princeton University.

569

"Man Is a Machine, No More, Darrow Says. " New York Times, 11 December 1925, p. 8. Debate with Dr. Henry Sloane Coffin, Pastor of Madison Avenue Presbyterian Church, New York City.

570

"Collegians Demand We Enter Court. " New York Times, 12 December 1925, p. 1, 2. Students from 250 colleges attend conference on World Court and hear Darrow say it would be futile for United States to join since Court has no power.

571

Allen, Leslie H., (ed.). Bryan and Darrow at Dayton; The Record and Documents of the "Bible-Evolution Trial. " New York: A. Lee, 1925. 218 pp. Proceedings of the Scopes Trial including Darrow's speeches.

572

Bridges, Horace J. "Mr. Clarence Darrow on Mechanism and Irresponsibility. " In The God of Fundamentalism and Other Studies. Edited by Horace J. Bridges. Chicago: P. Covici, 1925, p. 117-68. Critical analysis of Darrow's deterministic ideas, taken largely from his book, Crime, Its Cause and Treatment, published in 1922.

1926

573

House, Walter. "Darrow on Divorce. " Liberty (Chicago) II (16 January ,1926) p. 9-10, 13. Darrow's views advocating easier divorce laws.

76

Clarence Darrow

574

’’Fight Opens to End Death Penalty in State; Darrow and Malone Declare It Is Stupid. ” New York Times, 1 Feb­ ruary 1926, p. 1. Darrow is joined by Kathleen Norris, Dudley F. Malone and Lewis Lawes, Warden of Sing Sing Prison in denouncing capital punishment.

575

’’Abolition Half Accomplished. ” New York Times, 2 February 1926, p. 26. Editorial on capital punishment.

576

’’Says Death Penalty Does Not Stop Crime. ” New York Times, 2 February 1926, p. 18. Darrow’s testimony before U. S. Congress House Com­ mittee on Judiciary.

577

’’Darrow Opposes League in Debate. ” New York Times, 3 February 1926, p. 5. Debate with Morris Hillquit on League of Nations.

578

’’Public or Private Executions. ” New York Times, 3 February 1926, p. 24. Editorial comment on Darrow’s statement that executions should be held in public.

579

’’Crime and Deterrents. ” New York Times, 7 February 1926, Sec. 8, p. 14. Letter to the editor from L. K. Gould supporting Dar­ row’s view that capital punishment is no deterrent to crime.

580

’’Where Are the Pre-War Radicals? A Symposium.” Survey Graphic (New York) VIII (February 1926), p. 566. Article lamenting the lack of radicals like Darrow.

581

’’Darrow and Wheeler Debate Prohibition. ” New York Times, 28 March 1926, p. 22. Radio debate with Wayne B. Wheeler, counsel for the Anti-Saloon League.

582

’’Assails Mechanistic View of Behavior. ” New York Times, 3 May 1926, p. 24. Dr. Ralph W. Sockman criticizes Darrow’s view on hu­ man behavior.

583

”A Neglected Chance to Persecute. ” New York Times, 26 May 1926, p. 26. Editorial opposing Darrow’s article on eugenics in American Mercury, June, 1926.

584

’’Arguments End Scopes Appeal. ” New York Times, 2 June 1926, p. 42. Darrow argues Scopes appeal before Tennessee Supreme Court.

Writings About Darrow

77

585

’To Fight Jim Crow Laws.” New York Times, 28 June 1926, p. 6. Darrow’s speech to the National Association for the Ad­ vancement of Colored People hailing the beginning of the end of race prejudice in America.

586

’’Analyzing Murder Statistics. ” New York Times, 24 September 1926, p. 22. Favorable editorial on Darrow’s article in Harper’s Maga­ zine, October 1926, on the inaccuracy of murder statistics.

587

’’Garment Pickets to Test Injunction. ” vember 1926, p. 16. Darrow spoke at meeting held at New York City, under the auspices Liberties Union concerning right of

New York Times, 2 No­

Community Church, of the American Civil strikers to picket.

588

’’Darrow Sees Voters Waking Up to Rights. ” New York Times, 4 November 1926, p. 19. Comment on election results regarding prohibition.

589

”10, 000 Unionists in Sacco Protest. ” New York Times, 18 No­ vember 1926, p. 25. Meeting at Madison Square Garden demanding a new trial for Sacco and Vanzetti. Darrow did not attent meeting, but sent a letter to be read at meeting which stated he would do all in his power to help them secure new trial.

590

’’Darrow at Princeton Denies Wave of Crime. ” Times, 9 December 1926, p. 31. Speech at Princeton University.

591

’’Split-Jury Verdict in Use, Says Black. ” New York Times, 26 December 1926, p. 26. Darrow’s critical remarks at Supreme Court Justice Black’s defense of split-jury verdicts.

New York

1927

592

’’Suggest Darrow Aid Alleged Blasphemer. ” New York Times, 13 January 1927, p. 25. Chicago atheists consider calling Darrow to defend E. V. Sterry, editor of Toronto periodical, Christian Inquirer.

593

’’Darrow Withholds Comment. ” New York Times, 16 January 1927, p. 28. Denies he will defend atheist editor. Article also an­ nounces that the Scopes conviction has been overturned by the Tennessee Supreme Court.

594

’’Darrow on Prohibition. ” Central Law Journal, C (25 Febru­ ary 1927), p. 135. Editorial on Darrow’s opposition to prohibition.

78

Clarence Darrow

595

"Darrow Guarded in Mobile. " New York Times, 9 March 1927, p. 8. Circulars charge Darrow incited race conflict by giving speeches in Negro schools.

596

"Darrow Opposes Prisons for Crime. " New York Times, 16 March 1927, p. 11. Speech at West Side Unitarian Church, New York City.

597

"Darrow Debates Man With Dr. Gray. " New York Times, 17 March 1927, p. 4. "What and Why Is Man?" Debate with Dr. Clifton Gray, President of Bates College, Boston. Darrow said man is machine only.

598

"Darrow May Help Lifer. " New York Times, 17 March 1927, p. 4. J. Pomeroy, in prison for 50 years, seeks Darrow’s help.

599

"Darrow Speaks at Yale. " New York Times, 22 March 1927, p. 56. Darrow blames crime on lack of education.

600

"Darrow Belittles Juries’ Intelligence. ’’ New York Times, 24 March 1927, p. 5. Speech on crime at New School for Social Research.

601

"Darrow Condemns Our School System. ’’ New York Times, 27 March 1927, Sec. 2, p. 22. Speech at New School for Social Research, blames schools for not teaching children a trade.

602

"Darrow Espouses Smith. ’’ New York Times, 29 March 1927, p. 17. Supports Gov. Alfred E. Smith on religion and prohibi­ tion as campaign issues in presidential race.

603

Mencken, Henry L. "The Great Defender--Clarence Darrow. " Vanity Fair, XXVIII (March, 1927), p. 44. Portrait of Darrow with brief character sketch.

604

"Mayor to Preside at Prohibition Debate Between Darrow and Wheeler Here April 23. " New York Times, 9 April 1927, p. 1. Wayne B. Wheeler, counsel for Anti-Saloon League, to debate Darrow on "Prohibition and Effects on 1928 Presiden­ tial Candidates. ’’

605

"Wet Split Widens, Wheeler Declares. " New York Times, 11 April 1927, p. 14. Comments by Wayne B. Wheeler, prohibitionist.

Writings About Darrow

79

606

’’Darrow Plans to Retire. ” New York Times, 14 April 1927, p. 6. Will quit law practice on his 70th birthday, April 18.

607

’’Not to Broadcast Prohibition Debate. ” New York Times, 18 April 1927, p. 16. Darrow-Wheeler debate will not be broadcast because it is too controversial.

608

Lilienthal, David E. ’’Clarence Darrow. ” Nation, CXXIV (20 April 1927), p. 416-19. Excellent assessment of Darrow’s life and career by fellow Chicago lawyer.

609

’’Wheeler Girds for Fray. ” New York Times, 20 April 1927, p. 13. Wheeler says debate will be ”a fight without gloves. ”

610

’’Mayor Not a Ticket Agent. ” New York Times, 22 April 1927, p. 9. Mayor Walker’s office deluged with requests for tickets to Darrow-Wheeler debate. Mayor will serve as chairman for debate.

611

’’Wheeler Clashes With Darrow Here in Dry Law Debate. ” New York Times, 24 April 1927, p. 1, 28. Comprehensive account of debate. 2500 people attended.

612

”To Plead Sormenti’s Case. ” New York Times, 30 April 1927, p. 3. Darrow to appeal to Secretary of Labor Davis to rescind deportation order against anti-Fascist leader E. Sormenti.

613

’’Urges New Methods to Prevent Crime. ” New York Times, 1 May 1927, p. 21. Speech at Harvard University.

614

Ade, George. ”My Own All-American Team. ” Hearst’s Inter­ national-Cosmopolitan, LXXXn (May 1927), p. 74-75, 221. Several dozen personalities in various fields are high­ lighted. Darrow is described as a ’’scholar, logician, and cross-questioner. ”

615

’’Negro Association Elects Darrow. ” New York Times, 10 May 1927, p. 16. Darrow elected to the board of directors of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

616

’’Snyder Case Sad. ” New York Times, 16 May 1927, p. 23. Ruth Snyder and Henry Gray convicted in murder of Al­ bert Snyder.

617

’’Darrow to Plead for Caruso, Doctor’s Killer, Another Child

Clarence Darrow

80

of Convicted Man Dies. ” New York Times, 18 May 1927, p. 1. Darrow to serve without pay in appeal of F. Caruso for murder of Dr. C. S. Pendola. 618

’’Welcomes Darrow to Caruso Defense. ” New York Times, 19 May 1927, p. 29. Defense counsel Voss welcomes Darrow to aid in Caruso case.

619

Cotton, Edward H. ’’Clarence Darrow. ” Christian Register (Boston) CVI (19 May 1927), p. 401-02. An interview with Darrow. Although Darrow admitted being an atheist, the interviewer concludes that Darrow’s nature and behavior were essentially Christian.

••

620 Bennema, J. G. ’’Clarence Darrow’s Birthday Party. ” Inter­ national Engineer (Chicago) LI (May 1927), p. 391-92. Celebration of Darrow’s 70th birthday party, includes photos. 621

Anderson, Paul Y. ’’Clarence Darrow, Humanitarian. ” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 3 July 1927, p. 1C, 3C. Profile of Darrow on his 70th birthday. In a wide rang­ ing interview, reporter Anderson elicits responses from Darrow on his philosophy and thoughts on many topics.

622

’’Darrow May Aid Baseball. ” New York Times, 6 July 1927, p. 18. Will appeal Pennsylvania Sunday baseball rule.

623

’’Had Darrow Been a Journalist. ” Nation, CXXV (10 August 1927), p. 131-32. Article by the editorial head of one of the ten most im­ portant newspapers in the country. Writer wrote anonymous­ ly because he charged that Darrow as a lawyer had the free­ dom to defend radicals, whereas a journalist is severely re­ stricted by his editor, publisher, and owner of newspaper as to what gets printed.

624

’’Darrow Very Much Alive. ” New York Times, 21 August 1927, p. 14. ~“ — False rumors that Darrow had died while vacationing in Europe.

625

’’Darrow and Wise Debate Zionism. ” New York Times, 25 Oc­ tober 1927, p. 60. Debate with Rabbi Wise ’’Is Zionism a Progressive Policy for Israel and America?” Darrow negative. 5,000 people attended.

626

’’Another Debate on Prohibition. ” Outlook (New York) CXLVII (2 November 1927), p. 263-64.

Writings About Darrow

81

Commentary on Darrow and Yarros' book, Prohibition Mania, published 1927. Also includes discussion of Professor Irving Fisher's book, Prohibition at Its Worst, published 1927. -------------------------- ---- -

627

"Darrow Will Defend Greco and Carrillo. " New York Times 12 November 1927, p. 29. Anti-Fascists accused of killing two Fascists during Memorial Day Riot, New York City.

628

"Remus Prosecutor Baits Hired Killer." New York Times, 9 December 1927, p. 27. Darrow testifies as character witness at trial of G. Re­ mus, accused of murdering his wife.

629

"Smith's Crime Plan Endorsed by Darrow. " New York Times, 10 December 1927, p. 19. Gov. Alfred E. Smith proposes changes in criminal trials.

630

"Darrow at Trial Denounces Fascism. " New York Times, 23 December 1927, p. 11. Excerpts of Darrow's summation speech at trial of Greco and Carrillo.

631

Hill, Edwin C. "Darrow, Colossal Court Rebel. " New York Sun, 23 December 1927, p. 15. Profile of Darrow as courtroom attorney.

632

"Honor Darrow at Dinner. " New York Times, 29 December 1927, p. 13. Greco and Carrillo acquitted, Darrow honored by II Martello, Italian language newspaper.

633

"Witness Held in Contempt. " New York Times, 29 December 1927, p. 17. Darrow to argue appeal of J. C. Winters, convicted of murder.

634

"Darrow Denounces Penal System, " New York Times, 30 De­ cember 1927, p. 12. Speech to Rotary Club of New York City.

635

Haldeman-Julius, Marcet. Clarence Darrow's Two Great Trials; Reports of the Scopes Anti-evolution Case and the Dr. Sweet Negro Trial. Big Blue Book no. B-29. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1927. 74 pp. Accounts of Scopes and Sweet Trials. Includes excerpts from Darrow's speeches to the jury. Reprint of articles published in Haldeman-Julius Monthly, September 1925, June 1926, and July 1926.

Clarence Darrow

82 1928 636

"Darrow Gives Plea to Fulfill Pledge. " New York Times, 13 January 1928, p. 25. Darrow appealed and won a new trial for convicted mur­ derer John Winters. A number of years earlier Darrow’s son Paul had a horse which accidentally killed Winters’ young son. At the time of the accident, Darrow promised to help the family in whatever way he could. The appeal for a new trial fulfilled a promise made many years earlier.

637

Mi York Times, "Fascist Frame-up Doubted by Darrow. ’’ New 20 (February 1928, p. 15. Speech at victory luncheon for Greco and Carrillo fol­ lowing their acquittal for murder.

638

"Would Force Jury to View Execution. " New York Times, 20 February 1928, p. 23. In speech to League to Abolish Capital Punishment, Dar­ row said if state insists on executions, they should be car­ ried out in full view of the public.

639

"Asserts Willis Can’t Win. " New York Times, 25 February 1928, p. 3. Senator Willis, from Ohio, was a candidate for President. Report includes account of debate between Darrow and Clarence T. Wilson. Ml

640

"Concerning Justice. ’’ New York Times, 26 February 1928, Sec. 3, p. 4. Editorial on Darrow’s remarks on justice.

641

"Darrow Favors Smith. " New York Times, 2 March 1928, p. 3. Supports Gov. Smith for President.

642

"Personal Immortality; ’What I Believe.’" New York Times, 8 April 1928, Sec. 9, p. 1. Brief statements from many prominent personalities. Darrow says death is the end.

643

"Press Votes to Back Its Code of Ethics. ’’ New York Times, 21 April 1928, p. 20. “ Speech to American Society of Newspaper Editors in Washington, D. C.

644

"Darrow Jury Disagrees. ’’ New York Times, 13 May 1928, p. 3. Bribery case of J. Munsene in Ashtabula County, Ohio, where Darrow grew up. Lost his first case here and said he hoped to win this one.

645

"12 Injured by Bomb Planted in Detroit. ’’ New York Times,

Writings About Darrow

19 June 1928, p. 1. Darrow was in the building when bomb exploded. was unhurt.

83 He

646

"Darrow Fights Death Penalty. " New York Times, 2 July 1928, p. 5. ----------------------Speech on behalf of League to Abolish Capital Punishment.

647

"Democrats Reject Southern Base Plan. " New York Times 14 July 1928, p. 4. ---------------------- ’ Pledges support for Gov. Smith for President.

648

"Darrow Turns Down Texas Guinan's Case. " New York Times, 14 August 1928, p. 9. Nightclub hostess seeks Darrow's help in prohibition trial.

649

"Sees Illinois for Smith. " New York Times, 14 August 1928, p. 2. Darrow predicts victory for Presidential candidate Alfred E. Smith.

65 I

’’Bruce Says Hoover Had Numerous Drinks. ” New York Times, 23 September 1928, p. 25. Senator William C. Bruce says he and Darrow had drinks with President Hoover.

651

’’Drink With Hoover Denied by Darrow. ” New York Times, 24 September 1928, p. 2. Darrow disputes statement of Senator Bruce.

652

’’Darrow Repeats Denial. ” New York Times, 26 September 1928, p. 3. Darrow denies drinking with Hoover except perhaps in pre-war London.

653

’’Says Hoover Favors Socialism for Rich. ” New York Times, 2 5 October 1928, p. 3. Speech at Mecca Temple, 3, 000 attended.

654

’’Efficiency vs. Fundamentalism. ” New York Times, 28 Octo­ ber 1928, Sec. 3, p. 4. Editorial on Darrow’s speech about Hoover.

655

Gunn, John W. ”A Day With Clarence Darrow. ” In Can the Individual Control His Conduct? Is Man a Free Agent or Is He the Slave of His Biological Equipment? A Debate Between Clarence Darrow and Dr. Thomas V. Smith. Little Blue Book no. 843. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1928, p. 51-64. An interview with Darrow relating his thoughts on a number of topics. Reprinted from Haldeman-Julius Monthly, July 1925.

Clarence Darrow

84 656

Karsner, David, ’’Clarence Darrow. ” In Sixteen Authors to One; Intimate Sketches of Leading American Story-tellers, by David Karsner. New York: Lewis Copeland, 1928, p. 177-97. Profile of Darrow by a journalist.

657

Shaw, Charles G. ’’Clarence Darrow. ” In The Low-Down, by Charles G. Shaw. New York: Henry Holt, 1928, p. 1-13. Commentary on the personal habits and characteristics of Darrow. ”He tried in court over 1500 cases and de­ fended more than 60 persons charged with murder. ”

1929 658

’’Darrow Lays Crime to Curb on Liberty. ” New York Times, 18 February 1929, p. 9. Speech at meeting of League to Abolish Capital Punish­ ment. He said there had been a rise in murder despite the death penalty. Kathleen Norris also spoke at the meet­ ing.

659

’’Darrow Keeps Pledge by Saving Man’s Life. ” New York Times, 13 March 1929, p. 23. In January 1928, Darrow filed an appeal for a new trial for John Winters, convicted of murder. Over a year later, new trial was granted. Darrow’s assistance fulfilled a promise made 20 years earlier to the Winters Family (item 636).

660

"Darrow Pokes Fun at Book Censorship. ’’ New York Times, 17 April 1929, p. 1, 2. Speech at which Darrow said he was brought up on ob­ scene books. Margaret Sanger, birth control advocate, shared platform. She had a gag on her mouth to symbolize the suppression of information.

661

"Darrow Reads to Jury Part of Dreiser’s Book. ’’ New York Times, 18 April 1929, p. 2. ”—— Excerpts from An American Tragedy were read in court. He said it was not obscene.

662

Whitehead, George G. "Clarence Darrow--The Big Minority Man. ’’ Debunker and American Parade (Girard, KS.) IX (May 1929), p. 3-18. ” Character sketch of Darrow as a champion of minorities.

663

"Darrow to Take Cure in Germany. ’’ New York Times, 4 June 1929, p. 20. Goes to Germany for treatment by heart specialists in Badenheim.

664

"Darrow Amuses in Dry Debate. ’’ New York Times, 6 June

Writings About Darrow

85

1929, p. 2. Debate with Clarence T. Wilson, Chairman of Methodist Board for Temperance and Morals. 5, 000 attended in Washington, D. C.

665

’’Darrow Says We Do Not Know How to Live; In Paris for ’Drink That Won’t Paralyze’ Him. ” New York Times, 21 June 1929, p. 1. Speech on leisure at the American Club of Paris.

666

’’The Danger of Individualism.” New York Times, 25 June 1929, p. 28. —— _ Letter to the editor by J. A. Webb on the danger of individualism as advocated by Darrow.

667

’’Says Prohibition Is Dead. ” New York Times, 1 November 1929, p. 9. Speech in London. Darrow said Prohibition killed itself.

668

Whitehead, George G. Clarence Darrow--The Big Minority Man. Little Blue Book no. 1464. Girard, KS.: HaldemanJulius Co., 1929. Reprint of article published in Debunker and American Parade, May 1929.

1930

669

’’Darrow Says America Has No Friend Abroad. ” Times, 18 March 1930, p. 27. Blasts protective tariff and prohibition.

670

’’Heckle Brookhart in Dry Debate Here. ” New York Times, 20 March 1930, p. 2. Debate with Senator Smith W. Brookhart on prohibition.

671

’’Darrow, Away Year, Calls U. S. Circus. ” New York Times, 30 March 1930, p. 19. Comments on returning to U. S. after spending previous year in Europe.

672

’’Darrow Sees Dry Era. ” New York Times, 3 April 1930, p. 11. Says prohibition will be dead in four years.

673

’’Indians Ask Darrow’s Aid. ” New York Times, 18 April 1930, p. 27. Lila Jimerson, Seneca Indian, accused of murder.

674

’’Darrow to Visit Buffalo. ” New York Times, 19 April 1930, p. 2. Considers request for aiding Seneca Indian murderer.

New York

Clarence Darrow

86 675

’’Darrow Declines Call. ” New York Times, 30 April 1930, p. 18. Rejects Seneca Indian case. Lila Jimerson pleads guilty and receives life sentence.

676

’’Darrow as Investigator Buys Ontario Liquor Permit. ” New York Times, 22 July 1930, p. 23. Studies Canadian system of liquor control with Clarence T. Wilson, President of Anti-Saloon League.

677

’’Darrow and Wilson Agree to Disagree. ” New York Times, 20 September 1930, p. 19. Disagree on the merits of Canadian system of liquor control.

678

An Evening With Clarence Darrow. ” Etcetera (Toronto) I (September 1930), p. 8-11, 30. Interview with Darrow while he was in Canada to investigate liquor control.

679

New York Times, 17 Dimnet Forbidden to Meet Darrow. October 1930, p. 48. Archdiocese of New York prohibited French Priest Ernest Dimnet to debate Darrow on ”Is Religion necessary?”

680

Dimnet Abandons Debate. ” New York Times. 18 October 1930, p. 16. Withdraws from debate with Darrow after permission denied.

681

’’Darrow Predicts Dry Repeal in 1933. ” November 1930, p. 23.

682

’’Throng Hears Krass and Darrow Debate. ” New York Times, 16 November 1930, p. 1-2. Rabbi Nathan Krass and Darrow debate on topic ”Is Re­ ligion Necessary?” at Mecca Temple. 4300 in attendance.

683

’’Vote on Debate Is Secret. ” New York Tinies, 18 November 1930, p. 5. Vote of the audience on winner not disclosed. Both Dar­ row and Krass said it was an exchange of ideas, not a con­ test.

New York Times, 11

1931 684

’’Chicago Gangdom Raising $100,000 to Defend Alleged Lingle Slayer; Seek to Retain Darrow. ” New York Times, 10 January 1931, p. 4. Alfred Lingle, crime reporter for Chicago Tribune, mur­ dered, supposedly by gangster.

Writings About Darrow

685

87

Chesterton Looks for New Religion. ” New York Times, 19 January 1931, p. 17. British essayist Gilbert K. Chesterton debates Darrow on ’’Will the World Return to Religion?”

686

’’Oppose Broun’s View. ” New York Times, 22 January 1931, p. 10. Heywood Broun, Socialist, urged Progressives to join Socialist Party. Darrow opposed.

687

’’Four Debate Socialism. ” New York Times, 31 January 1931, p. 11. Topic, ’’Best political service can be performed by join­ ing the Socialist Party. ” Affirmative, Norman Thomas and Heywood Broun. Negative, Darrow and Arthur Garfield Hays.

688

Hazlitt, Henry. ’’Debate; (G. Chesterton and C. Darrow on ’Will the world return to religion?’)” Nation, CXXXII (4 February 1931), p. 130. An article critical of both Darrow and Chesterton on their debate. Audience vote following debate was two to one for the affirmative (Chesterton).

689

’’Organize Berger Fund to Aid Press Freedom. ” New York Times, 16 February 1931, p. 2. Darrow elected President of Victor Berger Foundation. Berger was former Socialist Congressman from Wisconsin.

690

’’Appeal to Darrow in Vain. ” New York Times, 6 March 1931, p. 20. Declined to defend two businessmen who disturbed Spiritualist meeting in St. Petersburg, Florida.

691

Roussel, Hubert. ”Ace of Doubters; That Darrow ...” Gargoyle, IV (15 March 1931), p. 13-14. Darrow’s views on divorce.

692

’’Darrow and Beck to Participate in the ’Famous Trials of His­ tory. ’ ” New York Times, 15 March 1931, Sec. 10, p. 10. Dramatization of the trial of Benedict Arnold on radio station WEAF.

693

’’Darrow Scores Censors. ” New York Times, 3 April 1931, p. 34. Speech at Associated Motion Picture Advertisers urging them to fight censorship.

694

’’Darrow Calls Nation Wet. ” New York Times, 6 April 1931, p. 5. Speech at Pythian Temple, says people are ignoring pro­ hibition.

Houston

88

Clarence Darrow

695

’'Salvationists See Rise in Job Seekers. " New York Times, 13 April 1931, p. 6. Speech at Roxy Theatre for unemployed musicians.

696

"Palestine’s Merits and Limits Debated. ’’ New York Times, 15 April 1931, p. 20. "Shall Zionism Succeed or Fail?" Rev. John Haynes Holmes (succeed), Darrow (fail); at Mecca Temple.

697

Brainin, Joseph. "The Case Against Anti-Semitism. " view). Jewish Times, 24 April 1931, p. 3, 38.

698

"Darrow Hits at Censors. " New York Times, 8 July 1931, p. 2. Darrow’s film, in which he appears as narrator, shown at Cameo Theatre with some sections deleted. Film on evolution was entitled "Mystery of Life. "

699

"Plans to Hire Darrow. " New York Times, 8 July 1931, p. 3. Emanuel Haldeman-Julius, publisher from Girard, Kansas, sued by Harold Moore, for alleged libelous material in one of his publications.

700

"Darrow to Appear for Ex-Klan Chief. " New York Times, 8 July 1931, p. 23. D. C. Stephenson serving life sentence for murder. Darrow to appeal to Indiana Supreme Court.

701

"Darrow Predicts Winter Crime Wave. " New York Times, 7 September 1931, p. 3. Lack of jobs and unequal distribution of wealth cited as causes of crime.

702

"Darrow to Appeal to 8 Negroes. " New York Times, 15 Sep­ tember 1931, p. 5. Scottsboro men condemned to death for allegedly attacking white woman. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People retained Darrow as counsel.

703

"Fight Censored ’Life’ Film. " New York Times, 25 October 1931, Sec. 2, p. 2. Most of deleted portions of Darrow’s film, "Mystery of Life" reinstated.

704

"Tells Darrow Murder Fee. ’’ New York Times, 2 November 1931, p. 17. Recently published biography of Darrow by Charles Y. Harrison reveals that Darrow received $30,000 instead of $200, 000 requested in the Leopold-Loeb Case.

705

"Inside Story of Darrow Forums. ’’ Christian Century, XLVIII (2 December 1931), p. 1539. Report critical of the religious forums conducted in Buf­ falo, N. Y. with Darrow as agnostic speaker.

(Inter­

Writings About Darrow

89

706

"The Exploitation of Tolerance. " Christian Century, XLVIII (9 December 1931), p. 1550-52. " An editorial critical of the religious forums held in a number of cities featuring Darrow as agnostic speaker along with Protestant, Jewish, and Catholic speakers.

707

"Darrow in Alabama to Aid 8 Negroes. " New York Times, 28 December 1931, p. 14. Scottsboro case.

708

"Darrow Drops Fight to Save Eight Negroes, Refusing to Enter Case With Communists. " New York Times, 30 December 1931, p. 1. Withdraws from Scottsboro case after he discovers Com­ munist organizations trying to exploit the case.

709

Harrison, Charles Y. Clarence Darrow. New York: William Morrow, 1931. 380 pp. First full length biography of Darrow, written seven years before his death, and preceding the Massie Trial and his chairmanship of the NRA Review Board.

710

Harrison, Charles Y. Clarence Darrow, Man of the People. New York: Jonathan Cape & Harrison Smith, 1931. 395 pp. Another edition of previous item.

711

Steffens, Lincoln. (Part IV, Chapters 4-7) in Autobiography of Lincoln Steffens, by Lincoln Steffens. New York: Har­ court, Brace, 1931, p. 658-701. Contains considerable eye witness material on Darrow, the bribery trial, and the McNamara Trial.

712

Whitehead, George G. Clarence Darrow: Evangelist of Sane Thinking. Little Blue Book no. 1606. Girard, KS.: Halde­ man-Julius Co. , 1931. 64 pp. Profile of Darrow’s life and career as lecturer and de­ bater. Whitehead was a journalist and served as Darrow’s lecture manager during the 1920’s.

713

National Dairy Products Corporation. The Trial of Benedict Arnold, With Hon. James M. Beck and Mr. Clarence Dar­ row. A Radio Presentation of National Dairy Products Cor­ poration. New York: Longacre Press, 1931. 47 pp. Dramatization of the trial of Benedict Arnold broadcast on radio station WEAF, in March 1931. 1932

714 Whitehead, George G. "The Darrow Forums. " Christian Cen­ tury, XLIX (6 January 1932), p. 28-29. Letter to the editor by the promoter of the religious

Clarence Darrow

90

forums defending the forums and Darrow’s participation in them. Letter is a reply to the critical editorial in the Christian Century, December 9, 1931. Heywood Broun is quoted as saying that ’’Darrow hasn’t an oratorical bone in his body, but he is one of America’s twelve most effective speakers.” 715

’’Alabama Approves Action of Darrow. ” New York Times, 10 January 1932, Sec. 3, p. 5. Withdrawal from the Scottsboro case.

716

Geldert, Grace. ’’Some Famous People I Have Known. ” Cotton Oil Press (Washington, D. C.) XV (January 1932), p. 17. Brief paragraph on Darrow.

717

’’Darrow in Despair at Criminal Law. ” New York Times, 5 February 1932, p. 19. Darrow’s autobiography, The Story of My Life, published on this date.

718

’’Gossip Among the Guests of the Hollenden. ” Hollenden Page (Washington, D. C.) III (8 February 1932), n. p. Personal anecdotes of guests at the Hollenden Hotel. Contains references to his baggy pants, his hard work as a youth, etc.

719

’’Darrow Pleads for Youth. ” New York Times, 17 February 1932, p. 5. Asks Illinois Supreme Court to lighten death sentence for 17 year old Russell McWilliams, convicted of killing a streetcar conductor.

720

’’Says Convicts Held All Keys in Hawaii. ” New York Times, 27 February 1932, p. 3. Darrow to take defense of Lt. Massie in Hawaii if his physician permits.

721

’’Trial of Massie Case Is Set for March 28. ” New York Times, 6 March 1932, p. 13. Darrow will serve as defense in murder trial of Lt. Mas­ sie.

722

’’Darrow Ill in Honolulu. ” New York Times, 27 March 1932, p. 25. 75 year old Darrow asks for delay of trial because of illness.

723

Eaton, Walter P. ’’Clarence Darrow; Crusader for Social Justice. ” Current History, XXXV (March 1932), p. 786-91.

724

’’Darrow Rides Surf Board. ” Sec. 2, p. 2.

New York Times, 10 April 1932,

Writings About Darrow

91

Olympic swimmer Duke Kahanamaku takes Darrow for ride in outrigger canoe during lull in Massie Trial. 725

Owen, Russell. ’’Illness of Darrow Delays Trial a Day. ” New York Times, 16 April 1932, p. 3. Massie Trial.

726 _______ • ’’Massie Jurors Are Divided After Debate of 27 Hours; Defense Asks Compromise. ” New York Times, 29 April 1932, p. 1, 3. Massie trial ends. Includes photos of Darrow and de­ fendants. 727

Ellet, Marion. "Mr. Darrow and His Expressive Shoulders. ” Kansas Teacher, XXXV (April 1932), p. 22-23. Comments on Darrow’s speech delivery style.

728

’’Darrow Lauds Roosevelt. ” New York Times, 8 May 1932, p. 17. Speech at Honolulu rally.

729

Kinney, Charlotte. ’’Clarence Darrow As He Is, Not As the Newspapers Say He Is. ” Psychology, XIX (August 1932), p. 15-17, 46-47. Profile of Darrow.

730

’’Darrow Joins Unitarian Church and Will Lecture on Humanism. ” New York Times, 19 September 1932, p. 19.

731

’’Darrow Not a Unitarian. ” New York Times, 1 October 1932, p. 17. Report on his joining a church false. He said he had no interest in joining a church.

732

’’Darrow Has Not Joined. ” Truth Seeker (New York) LIX (No­ vember 1932), p. 335-36. Darrow denies joining the Unitarian Church.

733

’’Burns Extradition Refused by Moore. ” New York Times, 22 December 1932, p. 3. Darrow urged Gov. Moore of New Jersey, to refuse to extradite Elliott Burns, fugitive from Georgia chain gang.

734

Nathan, George Jean. ’’Clarence Darrow. ” In Intimate Notebooks of George Jean Nathan. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1932, p. 80-94. Commentary on life and career of Darrow. Nathan calls Farmington (Darrow’s autobiographical novel) ’’one of the wisest and finest autobiographical studies of childhood. ”

1933

735

Essell, Nathan.

’’The Study Table. ”

Unity (Chicago) CXI (6

Clarence Darrow

92

February 1933), p. 332-34. Article contains commentary on Darrow’s philosophy as expressed in his autobiography, The Story of My Life, 1932.

736

’’Darrow Advises Briggs Strikers. ” New York Times, 13 Feb­ ruary 1933, p. 21. Briggs Manufacturing Co. , Detroit. Darrow tells strikers to request federal and state inquiry into working conditions.

737

’’Pleads Hand of Fate in Illinois Murder Case. ” Newsweek I (17 February 1933), p. 29-30. Commentary on Darrow’s defense of Russell McWilliams, being tried for the third time for murder of William Sayles, motorman.

738

Kahn, Karl M. ’’Clarence Darrow Looks at America. ” America, I (April 1933), p. 10-15, 93, 96. Review of Darrow’s career.

739

Duranty, Walter. ’’Russians Ask Aid in Berlin Red Case. ” New York Times, 27 June 1933, p. 10. Darrow asked to help defend exiled Communists in Nazi Reichstag fire.

Real

740 Jones, Llewellyn. ’’Save City Schools From Wreckers or Build More Jails, Says Darrow. ” American Teacher, XVIII (December 1933), p. 22. Interview with Darrow on values of education.

741

Crandall, Allen. The Man From Kinsman. Sterling, CO.: The Author, 1933. 86 pp. Brief biography of Darrow, privately printed.

742

Hays, Arthur G. Trial by Prejudice. New York: Covici, Friede, 1933. 364 pp. Touches briefly on the trials in which Hays was co­ counsel with Darrow.

1934 743

’’Civilization Lost, Darrow Declares. ” New York Times, 20 January 1934, p. 16. Debate with Rev. John Haynes Holmes at Mecca Temple. 2, 000 people attended. Proceeds for benefit of Rand School of Social Science.

744

’’Board to Review Code Complaints. ” New York Times, 20 February 1934, p. 9. Darrow appointed by President Roosevelt to chair board to review effects of National Recovery Act on small busi­ ness.

Writings About Darrow

93

745

"Hours Cut Put Up to NRA Code Chiefs. " New York Times 8 March 1934, p. 10.---------------------- ’ Complaints of NRA codes.

746

"12 in Brain Trust Called Socialists. " New York Times, 28 March 1934, p. 3. Rep. Hamilton Fish, N. Y., called Darrow and others in Roosevelt administration Socialists.

747

"Correcting Rep. Fish. " New York Times, 30 March 1934, p. 20. Letter to the editor from Charles Y. Harrison, bio­ grapher of Darrow, stating that Darrow was not a Socialist or Communist, but a philosophical individualist.

748

"Darrow Hints End of Review Board. " April 1934, p. 9. NRA Board of Review.

749

"Darrow Addresses Bronx Bar. ” 1934, p. 8. Speech at Hotel Astor.

750

"Darrow Again. " National Hotel and Travel Gazette (Washing­ ton, D. C.) XXVII (15 May 1934), p. 3. ’ Brief commentary on Darrow’s criticism of NRA.

751

"NRA Review Board Splits in 2 Groups. " May 1934, p. 11. Conflict within NRA Review Board.

752

"Darrow’s Report Will Be Published. ’’ New York Times, 12 May 1934, p. 34. Announcement of publication of Review Board Report.

753

"Reply to Darrow Goes to President. " New York Times, 16 May 1934, p. 1. Gen. Hugh Johnson, NRA Administrator, replies to Dar­ row’s criticism of NRA.

754

Krock, Arthur. "In Washington, Belief Is Growing Makeup of Darrow Board Was Blunder. ’’ New York Times, 16 May 1934, p. 18. Says Darrow dominated Board with his ideas only.

755

"Report of Clarence Darrow of National Recovery Review Board." Women’s Wear Daily, 21 May 1934, p. 1+. Text of NRA Board of Review Report. Includes minority report of John F. Sinclair, and reply to the report by D. R. Richberg and Gen. Hugh Johnson. (Darrow’s report was never officially published by the Government.)

756

Stark, Louis.

New York Times, 19

New York Times, 27 April

New York Times, 3

"Darrow Board Finds NRA Tends Toward Mon­

Clarence Darrow

94

opoly; Johnson Condemns Report. ” New York Times, 21 May 1934, p. 1. Comment on NRA Board of Review Report.

757

’’Highlights of Darrow Report. ” New York Times, 21 May 1934, p. 8. Excerpts from NRA Report.

758

’’Summary of Report on NRA Codes by Majority of the Darrow Committee. ” New York Times, 21 May 1934, p. 8. Summary of majority report only. Does not include mi­ nority report.

759

’’Analysis and Conclusions in Darrow-Thompson Supplementary Report, with Johnson Comment. ” New York Times, 21 May 1934, p. 8.

760

’’Chief NRA Answers to Darrow. ” New York Times, 21 May 1934, p. 9. Reply to criticisms of NRA Report.

761

’’Reply of the Recovery Administration to the Criticisms by the Darrow Board. ” New York Times, 21 May 1934, p. 9.

762

’’Sinclair Attacks Darrow’s Findings. ” New York Times, 21 May 1934, p. 9. Minority report by economist John F. Sinclair, said hearings were unfair and one-sided.

763

’’Report on NRA Expected to be Darrow’s Last Job. ” York Times, 21 May 1934, p. 9.

764

’’Text of Statements by Darrow and Johnson on the NRA. ” New York Times, 22 May 1934, p. 2.

765

’’Report of Clarence Darrow of National Recovery Review Board. ” Commercial and Financial Chronicle, CXXXVIII (26 May 1934), p. 3540-47. Text of NRA Report. Includes minority report and re­ plies of John F. Sinclair and D. R. Richberg.

766

Bell, Stephen. ’’The Darrow Report. ” XXIII (23 May 1934), p. 447. Commentary on NRA Report.

767

’’Let Us Take Stock. ” Business Week, 26 May, p. 40. Commentary on NRA Report.

768

’’Darrow: Tender-Hearted Cynic and Fixture of American Law. ” Newsweek, III (19 May 1934), p. 14. Report on Darrow and the NRA Report. States that Dar­ row participated in over 2, 000 trials in his lifetime.

New

Commerce and Finance,

Writings About Darrow

95

769

"The Darrow Rocket. ’’ Business Week, 26 May 1934, p. 9. Comment on NRA Report.

770

"NRA Advisors Ask Roosevelt to End the Darrow Board. ’’ New York Times, 24 May 1934, p. 1.

771

"Gen. Johnson and Darrow Confer as They Motor. " New York Times, 24 May 1934, p. 8. Darrow and NRA Administrator.

772

"Darrow to End Work of Board This Week. " New York Times 27 May 1934, p. 18. ---Second report completed.

773

Duffus, R. L. "Darrow Stirs Up New Controversy. " New York Times, 27 May 1934, Sec. 9, p. 2. — Highlights of Darrow’s career, with portrait.

774 Anderson, Paul Y. "The Darrow Report. " Nation, CXXXVIII (30 May 1934), p. 611. Commentary on NRA Report. 775

"Mills, the Reformers, and Darrow. " New Republic, LXXIX (30 May 1934), p. 58-60. Editorial on the Darrow Report.

776

"Johnson Attacks Press on NRA. " New York Times, 17 June 1934, p. 23. NRA Administrator blames press for unfair reporting.

777

"Darrow Questions Sincerity of NRA. " New York Times, 29 June 1934, p. 3. Text of Darrow’s statement and Gen. Johnson’s reply.

778

"Darrow Review Board Calls Code Authorities Tools of Opera­ tors. " Coal Herald (Boston), VIII (June 1934), p. 4. NRA Report charges coal companies with price fixing.

779

"The Darrow Reports. " People’s Lobby Bulletin (Washington, D. C.), IV (July 1934), p. 1-2. Praises work of Darrow Review Board.

780

"Darrow Prepares to Rest. " New York Times, 29 June 1934, p. 3. Third NRA Report issued, Darrow resigns from Board.

781

Hard, William. "Darrow, and Price Fixing. " Survey Graphic, XXIII (July 1934), p. 313-16+. Comment on NRA Report.

782

"Final Darrow Report. ’’ New York Times, 2 July 1934, p. 13. Text of third and final NRA Report.

Clarence Darrow

96 783

’’Exile Asks World to End Nazi Terror. ” New York Times, 3 July 1934, p. 5. Darrow heads American Inquiry Commission on condi­ tions in Germany.

784

’’Darrow Won’t Act in Film Code Fight. ” New York Times, 6 July 1934, p. 13. Declines to represent film producers but agrees with fight against censorship.

785

’’Amateurs Run NRA, Darrow Declares. ” New York Times, 15 July 1934, p. 5. Speech to Minnesota Bar Association.

786

’’Darrow Lays Strikes to NRA. ” New York Times, 17 July 1934, p. 2. Blames NRA for causing strikes.

787

’’State’s Case Weak, Darrow Says. ” November 1934, p. 8. Lindbergh kidnapping case.

788

’’Darrow Aids Friend’s Son. ” New York Times, 21 October 1934, p. 33. Seeks parole for John Haefner, 65, from penitentiary at Columbus, Ohio. Darrow was a friend of convict’s father in Kinsman, Ohio, in his youth.

789

Mason, Lowell. ’’Darrow vs. Johnson. ” view, CCXXXVIII (1934), p. 524-32. Conflicting views on NRA.

790

Cohn, Alfred and Joe Chisholm. (Chapters 22-24). In Take the Witness! by Alfred Cohn and Joe Chisholm. New York: Frederick A. Stokes, 1934, p. 195-225. Accounts of the McNamara and Darrow bribery trials. The book is a biography of Earl Rogers, prominent defense attorney who defended Darrow at his first bribery trial.

New York Times, 13

North American Re­

1935

791

’’Darrow Hits NRA. ” New York Times, 23 February 1935, p. 9. Says NRA permits monopolies and price fixing.

792

’’Trimming of NRA to be Considered at Senate Inquiry. ” New York Times, 10 March 1935, p. 1. Darrow to testify at Senate Finance Committee Hearings on NRA.

793

’’Darrow Is Undecided About Trip. ” New York Times, 10 March 1935, p. 33.

Writings About Darrow

97

Invited to testify at Senate Finance Committee Hearings on NRA.

794

’’Darrow Denounces Extension of NRA. ” New York Times, 21 March 1935, p. 9. Testimony at Senate Finance Committee Hearings.

795

’’Price-Fixing. " New York Times, 23 March 1935, p. 14. Letter to editor from small businessman, agrees with Darrow on NRA testimony.

796

Perriton, Maxwell. ’’Query, How Old Is Old?” New York Times, 13 October 1935, Sec. 7, p. 10. Fourteen men past 70 years of age interviewed, Darrow included.

797

’’Darrow Mourns Valuable Liberal. ” New York Times, 11 September 1935, p. 15. Tribute to Sen. Huey P. Long on his death.

798

Myers, Raymond H. ’’Persuasive Methods of Clarence Dar­ row. ” Master’s thesis, University of Wisconsin, 1935. Study of Darrow’s speaking methods and style.

799

’’Glorifying an Atheist. ” Presbyterian of the South, CX (no. 20, 1935), p. 4. Article lamenting Darrow’s notoriety as an atheist. 1936

800

’’Darrow Is Re-elected.” New York Times, 12 January 1936, Sec. 2, p. 2. Re-elected President of the American League to Abolish Capital Punishment at annual meeting, January 11, 1936.

801

’’Darrow Urges Delay. ” New York Times, 2 April 1936, p. 2. Sent telegram to Gov. Hoffman, New Jersey, urging re­ trial for Bruno Hauptmann in Lindbergh kidnapping case.

802

’’Footnotes on Headliners; Still a Pleader. ” New York Times, 5 April 1936, Sec. 4, p. 2. Darrow visits Jesse Binga, Black banker accused of embezzelment, and Nathan Leopold, in Joliet, Illinois, peni­ tentiary.

803

’’Law Is Horrible, Says Darrow, 79. ” New York Times, 19 April 1936, p. 24. 79th birthday. Says there is no justice, in or out of court.

804

’’Clarence Darrow: Ace Jury-Picker. ” Literary Digest, CXXI (16 May 1936), p. 35. Methods used in picking a jury. Portrait.

Clarence Darrow

98

805

"Back Marcantonio Race. ’’ New York Times, 29 September 1936, p. 22. Darrow serves on nonpartisan committee to help elect Rep. Vito Marcantonio.

806

"Still With Freethinkers. " New York Times, 1 November 1936, p. 16. Rupert Hughes, Harry Elmer Barnes and Darrow still members of Freethinkers of America despite rumors of resignation.

807

Haldeman-Julius, Marcet. "Clarence Darrow. " In Famous and Interesting Guests of a Kansas Farm. Reviewer’s Li­ brary no. 8. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1936, p. 14-23. Candid assessment of personality and character of Dar­ row by the wife of publisher Emanuel Haldeman-Julius. Darrow visited publisher’s home in 192 5.

808

Whitlock, Brand. The Letters and Journal of Brand Whitlock. Edited by Allan Nevins. New York: Apple ton-Century Co. , 1936. Vol. 1. Contains eight letters written to Darrow. Whitlock was friend of Darrow and mayor of Toledo, 1906-14, later am­ bassador to Belgium. He shared Darrow’s passion for literature and social concerns.

1937

809

Owen, Russell. "Darrow, a Pessimist With Hope--Is Eighty. " New York Times Magazine, 18 April 1937, p. 5, 31. Includes many quotable quotes of Darrow. 1938

810

"Clarence Darrow Is Dead in Chicago. New York Times, 14 March 1938, p. 15. Obituary. Includes sample of his most famous quotes.

811

"Clarence Darrow. ’’ New York Times, 15 March 1938, p. 22. Editorial tribute to Darrow.

812

"Hundreds Honor Darrow." New York Times, 15 March 1938, p. 23. Lies in state at funeral home.

813

"Hundreds Mourn Darrow. ’’ New York Times, 16 March 1938, p. 23. Memorial service at University of Chicago Chapel. Judge William Holly reads eulogy that Darrow gave for Gov. Altgeld in 1902.

Writings About Darrow

99

814

(Editorial) Nation, CXLVI (19 March 1938), p. 316. Brief notice of his death.

815

’’Darrow’s Ashes Strewn. ” New York Times, 20 March 1938, Sec. 2, p. 9. Cremated remains of Darrow thrown to the wind in Jackson Park, Chicago, in fulfillment of Darrow’s request.

816

’’Transition. ” Newsweek, XI (21 March 1938), p. 32, 34. Brief review of his life.

817

’’Milestones. ” Time, XXXI (21 March 1938), p. 34. Brief notice of his death.

818

’’Clarence Darrow, Humanitarian. ” Christian Century, LV (23 March 1938), p. 357. Brief editorial tribute on his death.

819

’’Clarence Darrow. ” New Republic, XCIV (23 March 193 3 p. 179. Brief editorial tribute on his death.

820

MacDonald, George E. ’’Clarence Darrow. ” (New York) LXV (1 April 1938), p. 107. Brief tribute on his death.

821

’’America’s Most Noted Atheist Dies. ” York) LXV (1 April 1938), p. 100. Announcement of his death.

822

(Death Notice) Scholastic, XXXII (2 April 1938), p. 16. Brief notice of his death.

823

(Editorial) Unity (Chicago) CXXI (4 April 1938). Editorial tribute on his death.

824

”He Was a Friend of Labor. ” Railroad Trainman (Cleveland) LV (April 1938), p. 152. Highlights of Darrow’s labor record. Photo.

825

’’From Darrow’s Coffin. ” Truth Seeker (New York) LXV (15 May 1938), p. 160. Bible verses placed on Darrow’s coffin, Isaiah 55:6, and Psalms 69:2, 14, 15.

826

Lewis, Arthur M. ”A Darrow Lecture. ” Truth Seeker (New York) LXV (15 May 1938), p. 156. Brief description of Darrow as a public speaker.

827

Barnes, Harry Elmer. ’’Clarence Darrow--the Man and the Philosopher. ” Unity (Chicago) CXXI (16 May 1938), p. 9394. Memorial tribute by a debating opponent and noted socio­ logist /historian.

Truth Seeker

Truth Seeker (New

100

Clarence Darrow

828

’’Clarence Darrow’s Ashes. ” Unity (Chicago) CXXI (16 May 1938), p. 82. Memorial tribute reporting the disposition of the cre­ mated remains thrown to the wind in Jackson Park, Chicago.

829

Holly, William H. ’’Funeral Address. ” Unity (Chicago) CXXI (16 May 1938), p. 86-87. Memorial service in Bond Chapel, University of Chicago, March 15, 1938. Judge Holly read the address Darrow gave at funeral of Gov. Altgeld in 1902.

830 McConnell, Francis. ’’Clarence Darrow--Friend of the Under­ privileged. ” Unity (Chicago) CXXI (16 May 1938), p. 87. Memorial tribute.

Unity

831

White, Eliot. ’’Clarence Darrow and Agnosticism. (Chicago) CXXI (16 May 1938), p. 96. Memorial tribute.

832

Johnson, James W. ’’Clarence Darrow--As I Knew Him. ” Unity (Chicago) CXXI (16 May 1938), p. 88-89. Memorial tribute by noted Black Poet.

833

Holmes, John Haynes. ’’Clarence Darrow, Lovable Pessimist. ” Unity (Chicago) CXXI (16 May 1938), p. 89-90. Memorial tribute by a frequent debating opponent and noted clergyman.

834

Hays, Arthur G. ’’Clarence Darrow--Attorney for the Defense. ” Unity (Chicago) CXXI (16 May 1938), p. 91-92. Memorial tribute by co-counsel with Darrow in several court cases.

835

Yarros, Victor S. ’’Clarence Darrow--Radical Humanitarian.” Unity (Chicago) CXXI (16 May 1938), p. 92-93. Memorial tribute by onetime law partner of Darrow’s.

836

Wilson, Clarence T. ’’Clarence Darrow As a Friend. ” (Chicago) CXXI (16 May 1938), p. 95-96. Memorial tribute by debating opponent.

! T

Unity

837

’’Darrow, Friendly Enemy. ” Forum and Century, C~(July 1938), p. 12-16. Reflections on Darrow by a frequent debating opponent. Darrow and Wilson debated each other on more than 40 dif­ ferent occasions according to Miriam Gurko, Clarence Dar­ row. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1965, p. 250.

838

Decker, Mary Bell. ’’The Man Clarence Darrow. ” University Review (University of Kansas City) IV (Summer, 1938), p. 238-42. Profile of Darrow’s life and career.

Writings About Darrow

101

839

"Memorial--Clarence Seward Darrow. ’’ XX (November 1928), p. 21-23. Memorial tribute.

840

Parsons, Alice B. The Trial of Helen McCleod. New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1938. 415 pp. Fictional account of trial of the twenty members of the Communist Labor Party defended by Darrow in 1920. Alice Parsons was one of the defendants.

841

Barnard, Harry. Eagle Forgotten; the Life of John Peter Altgeld. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1938. 496 pp. Contains considerable commentary on Darrow, who was close friend of Altgeld.

842

Rusterholtz, Wallace. "Clarence Darrow: Champion of the Prosecuted and Persecuted. ’’ In American Heretics and Saints, by Wallace Rusterholtz. Boston: Manthorne & Burack, 1938, p. 251-72. Brief but perceptive sketch of Darrow’s life and philoso­ phy. Includes numerous footnotes.

Chicago Bar Record,

1939

843

"Quintessence of the Philosophy of Clarence Darrow. " Seeker (New York) LXVI (January 1939), p. 8. Summary of Darrow’s thought.

844

"Philosophy of Clarence Darrow. " Truth Seeker (New York) LXVI (February 1939), p. 30. Summary of Darrow’s philosophy.

845

"Philosophy of Clarence Darrow. ’’ Truth Seeker (New York) LXVI (March 1939), p. 45. Summary of Darrow’s philosophy.

846

"Clarence Darrow Said. " Truth Seeker (New York) LXVI (April 1939), p. 63. Statements of Darrow.

847

"Clusters of Philosophy of Clarence Darrow. " (New York) LXVI (May 1939), p. 75. Summary of Darrow’s philosophy.

Truth

Truth Seeker

1940 848

Memorial--Clarence Seward Darrow. ” Congressional Record, LXXXVI (18 April 1940), p. 7148. 76th Cong., 3rd Sess. Congressman T. V. Smith, Illinois, statements on Dar­ row on occasion of Darrow’s birthday. Darrow’s address at funeral of Gov. John P. Altgeld included in appendix, p. 7228-29.

Clarence Darrow

102 849

Wakefield, Eva Ingersoll. ’’Clarence Darrow: A Sonnet. ” Arbitrator (New York) XXII (April 1940), p. 4. Poem in praise of Darrow.

850 Arado, Charles C. ’’Darrow at the Defense Table. ” Bar Record, XXII (November 1940), p. 83. Darrow as defense attorney.

Chicago

1941 851

__ __ __________ MacLaskey, Ethel. ’’Clarence _Darrow on Reading._”__ Truth Seeker (New York) LXVIII (November 1941), p. 171. Brief article on some of the books Darrow read and which influenced him. Includes Henry T. Buckle, History of Civilization in England, and William E. H. Lecky, His tory of the Rise and Influence of the Spirit of Rationalism. Both of these were two-volume works originally published in London and republished many times during Darrow’s life­ time.

852

Roberts, Jo tin B. ’’The Speech Philosophy of Clarence Darrow. ” Master’s thesis, State University of Iowa. 1941. Study of Darrow’s speaking style and strategy.

853

Wilson, Clarence T. ’’Darrow, Friendly Enemy. ” In Contem­ porary American Biography. Edited by John A. Beckwith and G. G. Coope. New York: Harper, 1941, p. 174-82. Reprinted from Forum and Century, July 1938. A warm profile of Darrow written by a frequent debating opponent.

854

Stone, Irving. Clarence Darrow for the Defense, a Biography. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1941. 570 pp. Good popular biography by a noted writer of many bio­ graphies.

855

Cargill, Oscar. ’’The Naturalists. ” In Intellectual America; Ideas on the March, by Oscar Cargill. New York: Mac­ millan, 1941, p. 127-31. An assessment of Darrow’s naturalist novel, An Eye for an Eye, first published in 1905.

1942 856

Hagopian, John K. ’’Clarence Darrow for the Defense. ” Journal of the State Bar of California, XVII (March-April 1942)", p. 90-94. Profile of Darrow as defense attorney.

857

Katz, Arthur W. ”A Study and Analysis of the Speech of Clarence S. Darrow. ” Master’s thesis. University of Michigan, 1942. Study of Darrow’s speaking style.

Writings About Darrow

103

858

Hays, Arthur G. City Lawyer; the Autobiography of a Law Practice. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1942. 482 pp. Numerous references, especially quips and anecdotes by and about Darrow are included in this autobiography of Hays, a co-counsel with Darrow in a number of trials.

59

Maloney, Martin J. ’’The Forensic Speaking of Clarence Dar­ row. ” Ph. D. dissertation, Northwestern University, 1942. 271 pp. Study of public speaking of Darrow.

1943

860

Starr, James M. ’’The Methods of Proof Used by Clarence Darrow in the Loeb-Leopold Murder Trial. ” Master’s thesis, University of Washington, 1943.

1944

861

Stone, Irving. ’’Clarence Darrow for the Defense. ” In Great Stories From Great Lives; a Gallery of Portraits From Famous Biographies. Edited by Herbert V. Prochnow. New York: Harper, 1944, p. 343-45. Brief excerpts from Stone’s biography, Clarence Darrow for the Defense, published in 1941. 1947

862

Maloney, Martin J. ’’Forensic Speaking of Clarence Darrow. ” Speech Monographs, XIV (1947), p. 111-26. Excerpts from the author’s dissertation of 1942 (item 859). 1948

863

’’For the Defense. ” Coronet, XXV (December 1948), p. 24-25. Portrait and profile of Darrow as defense Attorney.

1949

864

’’Slayer Saved Times, 25 John C. serving 20

865

Stone, Irving. Clarence Darrow for the Defense: A Biography. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1949. 570 pp. Reprint of 1941 edition (item 854).

by Darrow Paroled in 1927 Killing. ” New York August 1949, p. 18. Winters, defended by Darrow, patroled after years of life sentence.

Clarence Darrow

104

1950 866

Mordell, Albert. Clarence Darrow, Eugene V. Debs and Haldeman-Julius; Incidents in the Career of an Author, Editor and Publisher. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co. , 1950. 79 pp. Profile of Darrow as an author.

867

Stone, Irving. Darrow for the Defense. London: John Lane, 1950. 512 pp. British edition of biography first published 1941.

868

Yarros, Victor S. My 11 Years With Clarence Darrow. Big Blue Book no. 912. Girard, KS. : Haldeman-Julius Co. , 1950. 50 pp. Yarros was a partner in Darrow’s law firm, 1913-24. 1952

869

Weinberg, Arthur. ’’Clarence S. Darrow. ” New Republic, CXXVI (14 April 1952), p. 2. Letter to the editor recalls some of the cases and causes Darrow was engaged in during his life. Weinberg is the compiler and editor of two volumes of Darrow’s writings, Attorney for the Damned, 1957, and Verdicts Out of Court, 1963 and 1975.

870

Golden, W. E. ’’Magic in the Courtroom. ” (December 1952), p. 78.

871

Ginger, Ray. ’’The Idea of Process in American Social Thought. ” American Quarterly, IV (Fall 1952), p. 253-65. Commentary on Darrow’s method of pleading in court.

Coronet, XXXIII

1953

872

Ginger, Ray. ’’Clarence Seward Darrow, 1857-1938. ” Antioch Review, XIII (March 1953), p. 52-66. Highlights of his life and career.

1955 873

Adelman, Abram E. ’’Clarence Darrow--Take Him for All in All. ” Age of Reason (New York) (October 1955), p. 1-4.

874

Maloney, Martin J. ’’Clarence Darrow. ” In A History and Criticism of American Public Address. Edited by Marie Hochmuth. New York: Longmans, Green, 1955, Vol. 3, p. 262-313. Analysis of Darrow’s speaking style and technique.

Writings About Darrow

105

1956

875 Weinberg, Arthur. ’’Clarence Darrow’s Son Says: ’I Remem­ ber Father. ’ ” Chicago Tribune Magazine, 6 May 1956, p. 19. Reminiscences of Paul Darrow. 876

Jackson, James H. ’’Clarence Darrow’s Plea in Defense of Himself. ” Western Speech, XX (Fall 1956), p. 185-95. Analysis of Darrow’s summation speech at his bribery trial.

877

’’Clarence Darrow’s Son Dies. ” New York Times, 21 Decem­ ber 1956, p. 23. Son Paul dies at 73. He was manager of a gas utility company in Colorado.

878

Smith, Thomas V. ”A Concrete Illustration of the Happy Complication. ” In Live Without Fear, by Thomas V. Smith. New York: New American Library, 1956, p. 15456. Brief account of Smith’s encounter with Darrow in their debate on ’’Can the Individual Control His Conduct?” Text of the debate was published in Haldeman-Julius Quarterly, October-November-December, 1927, issue, and as a pam­ phlet in 1928. 1957

879

Douglas, Paul. (Remarks) U.S. Congress. Senate. 85th Cong. 1st Sess. (18 April 1957) Congressional Record, p. I

Remarks by Sen. Douglas of Illinois in tribute to Darrow on 100th anniversary of his birth.

880

Davis, Kenneth S. ’’Darrow: Man of a Thousand Battles. ” New York Times Magazine, 28 April 1957, p. 12, 64, 6667. Highlights of Darrow’s career written for the 100th an­ niversary of his birth. Includes photo.

881

’’Darrow Birth Marked. ” New York Times, 2 May 1957, p. 18. Day long observance in Chicago in honor of 100th anni­ versary of Darrow’s birth.

882

Douglas, Melvyn. ’’Discovering Darrow. ” New Republic, CXXXVI (27 May 1957), p. 14-16. Actor Douglas played the part of defending attorney (Dar­ row) in the stage play ’’Inherit the Wind. ” He relates a number of anecdotes about Darrow from people who knew him.

106

Clarence Darrow

883

Masters, Edgar Lee. ’’Clarence Darrow. ” (poem) New Re­ public CXXXVI (27 May 1957), p. 16. ’’This is a man with an old face ... old when he was born. ” Editor’s note erroneously states that this poem was previously unpublished; it first appeared in the Rockford (IL) Republic newspaper on October 11, 1922.

884

’’Clarence Darrow’s Widow Dies. ” New York Times, 7 July 1957, p. 61. Ruby Darrow dies at 88, cremated and ashes strewn in Jackson Park, Chicago, same as Darrow’s. 1958

885

Ginger, Ray. Altgeld’s America; the Lincoln Ideal Versus Changing Realities. New York: Funk & Wagnails, 1958. 376 pp. Contains good portrayal of Darrow in early stages of his career. Numerous references to Darrow throughout the book.

886

Reilly, George. ”A Rhetorical Analysis of Clarence Darrow’s Invention and Disposition in Two Court Summation Pleas. ” Master’s thesis. Brookings, S. D. , South Dakota State Col­ lege, 1958. 100 pp. Study of summation pleas in Haywood Trial, 1907, and the trial of 20 members of the Communist Labor Party, 1920. Jury acquitted in Haywood case and convicted in the Communist case.

887

Shine, Howard L. ”A Critical Analysis of the Persuasive Tech­ niques of Clarence Darrow in the Trial of John T. Scopes. ” Master’s thesis, Bowling Green State University, 1958.

888

Stone, Irving. Clarence Darrow for the Defense, A Biography. Authorized abridgment. New York: Bantam Books, 1958. 345 pp. Abridged version in paperback of 1941 edition.

889

Noble, Iris. Clarence Darrow, Defense Attorney. Julius Messner, 1958. 192 pp. Biography for junior high school age youth.

890

Fenberg, Matilda. ’’Clarence Darrow. ” Chicago Bar Record, XXXIX (1958), p. 165-68. Reminiscences of Darrow’s life and career by a onetime associate.

New York:

1959 891

Leisure, George S.

’’Reflections on Clarence Darrow. ”

Vir­

Writings About Darrow

107

ginia Law Review, VL (1959), p. 414-18. Recollections by co-counsel in Massie Trial. 892

Fenberg, Matilda. ’’The Most Unforgettable Character I’ve Met. ” Readers’ Digest, LXXIV (April 1959), p. 83Tribute by onetime law associate of Darrow’s.

1960 893

’’Darrow in Court. ” New York Times, 23 October 1960, Sec. 6, p. 74. Letter to the editor from Joseph Lebit, who heard Dar­ row speak many times, said he did not yell in court. Re­ ply to an article by Gay Talese appearing in New York Times, September 25, 1960, Sec. 6, p. 46.

894

Conway, James P. ’’Invention in Clarence Darrow’s Defense of John T. Scopes. ” Master’s thesis, State University of Iowa, 1960.

895

Shaw, Charles G. ’’Clarence Darrow. ” In Vanity Fair, Sel­ ections From America’s Most Memorable Magazine. Edited by Cleveland Amory and Frederic Bradlee. New York: Viking Press, 1960, p. 142-43. Brief sketch of Darrow’s personal likes and dislikes. ’’Though he preaches agnosticism, he practices Christianity. ”

896

Fabricant, Noah D. ”When Clarence Darrow Had an Earache. ” In 13 Famous Patients: Franklin D. Roosevelt, Adolph Hit­ ler, Mohandas Gandhi, Woodrow Wilson, Marcel Proust, D. H. Lawrence, James Joyce, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Sig­ mund Freud, Clarence Darrow, Paul Gauguin, George Gershwin, Enrico Caruso, by Noah D. Fabricant. Philadel­ phia: Chilton Co., 1960, p. 169-76. Accounts of Darrow’s near fatal bout with mastoiditis during and after the Haywood trial in 1907. Author did not treat the patient himself, but was a physician who studied the medical problems of the people listed above.

897

Hynd, Alan. ’’Clarence Darrow. ” In Defenders of the Damned, by Alan Hynd. New York: A. S. Barnes, 1960, p. 65-122. An account of Darrow’s life and career. The two other notable defense attorneys discussed are Earl Rogers and William Fallon.

898

Fenberg, Matilda. ’’Clarence Darrow At His Best. ” Chicago Bar Record, XLI (1960), p. 460-66. Account of Darrow’s defense at Sweet Trials, 1925-26.

1961 899

Christenson, Richard D.

”An Analysis of Darrow’s Plea to

Clarence Darrow

108

the Jury in the Massie-Fortescue Case. ’’ Master’s thesis, St. Cloud (MN) State College, 1961. Summation in the Massie Trial, Hawaii, 1932. 900 Johnson, Frank W. C. ’’Rhetorical Criticism of the Speaking of William Jennings Bryan and Clarence Seward Darrow at the Scopes Trial. ” Ph. D. dissertation, Case Western Re­ serve University, 1961. Study of speaking styles at Scopes Trial, 192 5.

901

Rahskopf, Horace G. ’’The Speaking of Clarence Darrow. ” In American Public Address; Studies in Honor of Albert Craig Baird. Edited by Loren Reid. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1961, p. 27-53. Excellent study, with numerous footnotes, of Darrow’s philosophy and speaking style.

1962

’’Debaters and Dynamiters: The Rhetoric Trial. ” Ph. D. dissertation, University of 440 pp. rhetoric on both sides of the Haywood Trial,

902

Grover, David H. of the Haywood Oregon, 1962. Study of the in Idaho, 1907.

903

Kunstler, William M. ’’Clarence Seward Darrow. ” In The Case for Courage, by William Kunstler. New York: Wil­ liam Morrow, 1962, p. 201-36. An account of Darrow’s defense of Eugene V. Debs in the Pullman Strike of 1894.

904

St. Johns, Adella Rogers. Final Verdict, by Adella Rogers St. Johns. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1962, p. 367-458. An uncomplimentary and candid assessment (chapters 4862) of Darrow and his behavior during his bribery trial. Final Verdict is a biography of Earl Rogers, attorney for Darrow in his bribery trial, and father of the author.

905 Ravitz, Abe C. Clarence Darrow and the American Literary Tradition. Cleveland: Western Reserve University Press, 1962. 163 pp. Excellent full length study of Darrow as a writer of both fiction and non-fiction. 906 Stone, Irving. ’’Clarence Darrow for the Defense. ” In The Doubleday Anthology. Edited by Bucklin Moon. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1962, p. 176-222. Account of the Scopes Trial from Stone’s biography, pub­ lished in 1941. 907

Shuman, R. Baird. ’’Clarence Darrow on Education. ” and Society, XC (3 November 1962), p. 377-79.

School

Writings About Darrow

109

Darrow’s ideas on education, gathered from Farmington, his autobiographical novel, first published in 1904.

1963 908

Stone, Irving. ’’Clarence Darrow for the Defense. ” In The Irving Stone Reader, by Irving Stone. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1963, p. 176-232. Account of the McNamara Trial reprinted from Stone’s biography, published in 1941.

909

Weinberg, Arthur and Lila Weinberg. ’’Introduction. ” In Ver­ dicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 19-53. Good summary of highlights of Darrow’s career.

910

Weinberg, Arthur and Lila Weinberg. ’’Epilogue. ” In Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an introduc­ tion by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963, p. 437-40. An assessment of Darrow and how he might have reacted to events since his death in 1938. 1964

911

Grossbach, Barry L. ’’The Scopes Trial: A Turning Point in American Thought?” Ph. D. dissertation. Indiana Univer­ sity, 1964. 177 pp. Study of Scopes Trial and its effect on religious and in­ tellectual thought.

912

Grover, David H. Debaters and Dynamiters; the Story of the Haywood Trial. Oregon State Monographs: Studies in his­ tory, no. 4. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press, 1964. 310 pp. Based on the author’s dissertation, 1962.

1965

913

U.S. Congress. House. Rep. Barrett O’Hara (IL) speaking on the Clarence Darrow Humanitarian awards. 89th Cong. , 1st Sess., 13 April 1965, Congressional Record, vol. Ill, p. 7972.

914

Livingston, John C. ’’Clarence Darrow: Sentimental Rebel. ” Ph. D. dissertation, University of Wisconsin, 1965. 342 pp. Study of Darrow’s philosophy and career.

915

Gurko, Miriam.

Clarence Darrow.

New York:

Thomas Y.

Clarence Darrow

110

Crowell, 1965. 280 pp. Biography of Darrow for high school age youth.

916

Faber, Doris. Clarence Darrow: Defender of the People. Ulus, by Paul Frame. Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: PrenticeHall, 1965. 72 pp. Biography for elementary school level readers.

917

Crandall, Allen. The Man From Kinsman. The Author, 1965. 86 pp. Reprint of 1933 edition (item 741).

Sterling, CO.:

1966 918

Lardner, Rex. ’’Clarence Darrow, Lawyer. ” In 10 Heroes of the Twenties, by Rex Lardner. New York: Putnam, 1966. Brief sketch of Darrow written for juvenile readers.

919

Fulkerson, Raymond G. ”A Study of Clarence Darrow’s Sum­ mation Speech in the 1926 Henry Sweet Trial.” M. A. the­ sis, University of Illinois, 1966. 221 pp. Second of the Sweet Trials in which Henry Sweet was ac­ quitted.

1967 920

Allen, Leslie H. (ed.) Bryan and Darrow at Dayton; the Record and Documents of the ’Bible-Evolution Trial. ’ New York: Russell and Russell, 1967. 218 pp. Reprint of 1925 edition.

921

Willingham, Mary J. ”An Analysis of the Leopold-Loeb Mur­ der Trial in Light of Clarence Darrow’s Ethos as a Per­ suader. ” Master’s thesis, Ohio University, (Athens) 1967. Study of Darrow’s persuasive techniques before Judge Caverly. 1968

922

Sanbonmatsu, Akira. ’’Adaptation and Debate Strategies Speaking of Clarence Darrow and Alexander Rorke in York vs. Gitlow. ” Ph. D. dissertation, Pennsylvania University, 1968. 229 pp. Prosecution and defense speaking strategies in the jamin Gitlow Trial, 1920.

in the New State Ben­

1969 923

’’Clarence Darrow:

Partisan of the Unpopular. ”

Senior Scho-

Writings About Darrow

111

lastic, XCIV (18 April 1969), p. 13. Brief description of some of Darrow's cases. 924

Bridges, Horace J. ”Mr. Clarence Darrow on Mechanism and Irresponsibility. ” In The God of Fundamentalism and Other Studies. Edited by Horace J. Bridges. New York: Books for Libraries, 1969, p. 117-68. Reprint of 1925 edition. Critical analysis of Darrow’s deterministic ideas, taken largely from his book, Crime; Its Cause and Treatment, published in 1922.

925

Clarence Darrow for the Defense; A Documentary on the Land­ mark Cases of a Great Trial Lawyer. Released by Forum Associates, 1969. (Cassette) 51 Mi nu t e s. An examination of the tactics and strategy of Darrow in the Scopes and Leopold-Loeb Trials. 1970

926

Weinberg, Arthur and Lila Weinberg. ’’Clarence Seward Dar­ row: Lawyer and Humanist. ” In Some Dessenting Voices; the Story of Six American Dissenters, by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. New York: World Publishing Co., 1970, p. 87117. Highlights of Darrow’s life and career.

927

Wolfe, Don M. ”On the Ways of Man: Darrow, Steffens, and Broun. ” In The Image of Man in America. 2nd ed. By Don M. Wolfe. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1970, p. 264-86. Comparison and analysis of the views of man as expressed by Darrow, Lincoln Steffens and Heywood Broun.

928

Greene, Harry W. ’’The Debates and Religious Forums of Clarence Darrow. ” Master’s thesis, Northern Illinois Uni­ versity, 1970. Study of the debates and forums in which Darrow partici­ pated during the 1920’s.

1971

929

Sanbonmatsu, Akira. ’’Darrow and Rorke’s Use of Burkeian Identification Strategies in ’New York vs. Gitlow'. ” Speech Monographs, XXXVIII (March 1971), p. 36-48. Analysis of trial strategies of Darrow (defense attorney) and Alexander Rorke (prosecuting attorney) in trial of Ben­ jamin Gitlow, 1920. Kenneth Burke authored several books on identification strategies.

930

Meissel, Richard A. ’’The Rhetoric of Legal Self-Defense: the Socrates-More-Darrow Analog.” Master's thesis,

Clarence Darrow

112

Queens College, 1971. Comparison and analysis of three speeches of self-defense. 1972

931

’’Pilgrims Go to Chicago Bridge. ” Chicago Tribune, 16 March 1972, Sec. 4, p. 6. Annual ceremony at Clarence Darrow Bridge in Jackson Park commemorating Darrow’s death.

932

’’Remembering Darrow. ” Chicago Tribune, 18 April 1972, p. 12. Letter to the editor by Nowell Ward, who as a young man knew Darrow and once painted a portrait of him.

933

’’With Darrow and Sousa. ” Chicago Tribune, 3 May 1972, p. 16. Letter to the editor by Eddy Hanson, who played in the John Philip Sousa Band on its Liberty Bond tour in the Fall of 1918. Darrow was speaker who accompanied the band. He remembers that Jack Benny was also in the band, and Jimmie Dixon, husband of Jeane Dixon, the psychic. He remembers that Darrow wore ’’trousers so large they fitted him like a tent, ” and that he had the mannerism of ’’placing his thumbs behind his galluses and pulling them to­ gether in the front as he talked. ”

934

Kurland, Gerald. Clarence Darrow: Attorney for the Damned. Charlottesville, N. Y.: SamHar Press, 1972. 32 pp. Biography of Darrow for young readers. 1973

935

’’Clarence Darrow Ceremony Set. ” Chicago Tribune, 13 March 1973, p. 2. Announcement of annual ceremony in Jackson Park.

936

’’Clarence Darrow Remembered. ” Chicago Tribune, 14 March 1973, p. 2. 35th anniversary celebration honoring Darrow.

937

Fenberg, Matilda. ”1 Remember Clarence Darrow. ” Chicago History, II (Fall-Winter, 1973), p. 216-23. Biographical sketch of Darrow by onetime associate of his law firm. Seven photos.

938

Michelson, Charles. ’’Darrow vs. Bryan. ” In The Best in the World; a Selection of News and Feature Stories, Editorials, Humor, Poems, and Reviews from 1921 to 1928. Edited with introduction by John K. Hutchens and George Oppenhei­ mer. New York; Viking Press, 1973, p. 204-13.

Writings About Darrow

113

Brief account of Bryan on the witness stand at the Scopes Trial.

1974

939

Weinberg, Arthur and Lila Weinberg. "The Spirit of Darrow Speaks to Us Still. " Chicago Tribune, 28 January 1974, Sec. 2, p. 7-8. Highlights of Darrow’s life and career. Includes anec­ dotes about him.

940 Krebs, Albin. "Notes on People. " New York Times, 1 March 1974, p. 27. Review of Clarence Darrow, one man play performed by Henry Fonda. 941

Pratt, Steven. "Darrow Misses Ceremony Again. " Chicago Tribune, 14 March 1974, Sec. 3, p. 15. Darrow said before his death that if there is life after death he would return on the anniversary of his death. About 50 people gathered for the annual ceremony at Jackson Park.

942

Barnes, Clive. "Henry Fonda Is Embodiment of Darrow. " New York Times, 27 March 1974, p. 34. Review of Clarence Darrow, one man play performed by Henry Fonda. Play toured in various cities in U.S. during 1974-75. It is a reenactment of many events of his life, including excerpts from court trials in which Darrow parti­ cipated (see 949).

943

"Fonda’s ’Clarence Darrow’ Coming to NBC-TV September 4. " New York Times, 5 June 1974, p. 86. 90 minute special telecast of David Rintel’s play starring Henry Fonda.

944

O’Connor, John J. "TV: ’Mama’ and ’Darrow’ Offer Glimpse of Season. ” New York Times, 4 September 1974, p. 83. Favorable review of NBC-TV special with Henry Fonda performing one man play, Clarence Darrow.

945

O’Connor, John J. "Sparklers and Clinkers. ’’ New York Times,, 29 December 1974, Sec. 2, p. 23. Review of TV specials for 1974. Clarence Darrow, star­ ring Henry Fonda, listed as one of best specials of the year.

946

Payne, Alma J. "Clarence S. Darrow, Literary Realist: Theory and Practice. " MidAmerica: Yearbook of the So­ ciety for the Study of Midwestern Literature. East Lansing, ML : Michigan State University, Society for the Study of Midwestern Literature, 1974, p. 36-45.

Clarence Darrow

114

Comparison of the literary realism in writings of William Dean Howells and Darrow. 947

Sayer, James E. ’’Clarence Darrow--Public Debater: A Rhetorical Analysis. ” Ph. D. dissertation, Bowling Green State University, 1974. 270 pp. Analysis of five debates in which Darrow participated. Contains text of debates on capital punishment, (with Judge Alfred Talley); Prohibition, (with Rev. John Haynes Holmes); Are We Machines? (with Will Durant); dry law debate (with Wayne B. Wheeler); immigration (with Lothrop Stoddard). 1975

948

Gussow, Mel. ’’Fonda, With Pacemaker, Is Back as Darrow. ” New York Times, 5 March 1975, p. 32. Fonda returns to Broadway for five week engagement to do Clarence Darrow, after having been on tour with the play during the past year.

949

Rintels, David W. Clarence Darrow: A One-Man Play. Gar­ den City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1975. 60 pp. Dramatization of the highlights of Darrow’s life and career. Henry Fonda performed this play in many cities throughout U.S. during 1974-76.

950 Kedro, Milan J. ’’Autobiography as a Key to Identity in the Progressive Era. ” History of Childhood Quarterly II (Win­ ter, 1975), p. 391-407. Eight leaders prominent during early 1900’s are examined regarding their childhood and adolescent years. Darrow’s early and adolescent years are examined. 1976 951

Mackey, Philip E. ’’Clarence Darrow. ” In Voices Against Death; American Opposition to Capital Punishment, 17871975. Edited by Philip E. Mackey. Preface by Hugo A. Bedau. New York: Burt Franklin, 1976, p. 167-79. Contains excerpts of Darrow’s debate with Judge Alfred J. Talley, October 26, 1924, at Metropolitan Opera House.

952

Ryan, W. ’’Later Years--Radical Energy and Stormy Seas. ” Humanist, XXXVI (March 1976), p. 39. Brief sketch of Darrow is included in this article on freethinkers in America since Civil War. 1977

953

’’Darrow Recalled for Death-Penalty Stance. ” Chicago Tribune,

Writings About Darrow

115

14 March 1977, Sec. 4, p. 10. Several politicians spoke at ceremony in Jackson Park on 39th anniversary of Darrow’s death.

954

’’Former FBI Infiltration of ACLU Is Reported. ” New York Times, 19 June 1977, p. 26. Article reports that FBI kept dossiers on Darrow and other members of the American Civil Liberties Union from 1920 to 1943, including Helen Keller, and Justice Felix Frankfurter.

955

’’Dealing in Futures. ” Saturday Evening Post, CCXLIX (JulyAugust 1977), p. 53. Statements from some early futurists and visionaries, including Darrow, Will Durant, H. G. Wells, Churchill, and others. 1978

956

Patterson, Keith. ’’The Lion and the Fox. ” American History Illustrated, XIII (April 1978), p. 12-21. Profiles of Darrow and William Borah. Borah was pro­ secuting attorney opposite Darrow in the Haywood Trial in Idaho, 1907. Borah was later a U.S. Senator from Idaho.

957

Kelley, Richard D. ’’The Rhetorical and Legal Strategies of Clarence Darrow. ” Master’s thesis, Indiana University, 1978. 87 pp. Study of courtroom strategy of Darrow.

958

Majors, Randall E. ’’Clarence Darrow in Defense of Leopold and Loeb. A Case Study in Forensic Argumentation. ” Ph. D. dissertation, Indiana University, 1978. 186 pp. Study of Darrow’s arguments before Judge Caverly in Leopold-Loeb Trial, 1924.

959

Sayer, James E. Clarence Darrow: Public Advocate. Mono­ graph series 2. Dayton, OH.: Wright State University, 1978. 112 pp. (Distributed by Kennikat Press, Port Washington, N. Y. ) Analysis of five debates of Darrow, based on author’s dissertation of 1974 (item 947). 1979

960

Tierney, Kevin. Darrow: A Biography. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1979. 496 pp. A comprehensive, carefully researched and very well written biography of Darrow, the man and his career. In­

Clarence Darrow

116

teresting and well-balanced treatment make it appealing to the general reader and useful to the scholar. 1980 960a

Weinberg, Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Clarence Darrow: A Sentimental Rebel. New York: G. P. Putnam, 1980. 462 pp. An excellent biography by the foremost authorities on Darrow. It is well written and contains material from sources not previously available. Since the Weinberg book was published after this bibliography had gone to press, it was not possible to include bibliographical information on the individual trials in Part V.

IV.

REVIEWS OF DARROW’S BOOKS

For literary analysis and criticism of Darrow's works, both fiction and non-fiction, see Clarence Darrow and the American Literary Tradition (item 905). Listed below are reviews of individual books by Darrow in chronological order. A Persian Pearl and Other Essays. East Aurora, N. Y.: Roycroft Shop, 1899. 175 pp. (Reprinted in 1902, 1904, 1931) 961

Simons, Algie. International Socialist Review (Chicago), III (1902-1903), p. 60)

Resist Not Evil. Chicago: 1904, 1925) 962

C. H. Kerr, 1902.

179 pp.

(Reprinted

Independent (New York), LV (21 May 1903), p. 1212.

Farmington. Chicago: A. C. McClurg, 1904. 1919, 1925, 1932)

277 pp.

(Reprinted

963

Shafer, Sara A. "Through the Eyes of a Boy. " Dial (Chi­ cago), XXXVII (1 October 1904), p. 237-38.

964

New York Times Book Review, 8 October 1904, p. 676.

965

Independent (New York), LVII (22 December 1904), p. 1455.

966

Critic (New York), XLVI (January 1905), p. 93.

967

Cassels, Lilian. Reedy's Mirror (St. Louis), XXIX (15 April 1920), p. 320.

968

Hackett, Francis. 36-37.

969

New York Herald Tribune Books, II (28 June 1925).

970

Woolsey, Dorothy. p. 25-26.

971

New York Times Book Review, 11 December 1932, p. 16.

New Republic, XXII (3 March 1920), p.

New Republic, XLIV (26 August 1925),

117

Clarence Darrow

118

An Eye for an Eye. New York: Fox, Duffield, 1905. (Reprinted 1913, 1926, 1969)

213 pp.

972

Independent (New York), LIX (2 November 1905), p. 1052.

973

Colbrun, Grace I. Bookman (New York), XXII (February 1906), p. 629. ". .. literary art of the highest, in spite of apparent ne­ glect of all the canons of literary art. ”

974

Alex, Anna. 157-60.

975

Cargill, Oscar. "The Naturalists. In Intellectual America; Ideas on the March, by Oscar Cargill. New York: Mac­ millan, 1941, p. 127-31.

976

Shuman, R. Baird. "Clarence Darrow’s Contribution to Literary Naturalism: An Eye for an Eye. " Revue des Langues Vivantes (Brussels), XXXVI (1970), p. 390-400.

Crime:

Its Cause and Treatment. New York: 1922. 292 pp. (Reprinted 1934, 1972)

977

The Times Literary Supplement (London), 7 September 1922, p. 571.

978

New York Evening Post Literary Review, 23 September 1922, p. 46.

979

Springfield Republican, 29 October 1922, p. 7A.

980

Richberg, Donald. p. 339-40.

981

Bookman, LVI (November 1922), p. 355.

982

Boston Evening Transcript, 9 December 1922, p. 6.

983

Gault, Robert H. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, XIII (1922-23), p. 621-22.

984

Booklist, IXX (January 1923), p. 108.

985

Catholic World, CXVI (January 1923), p. 566-67.

986

"Society Held Responsible for Crime. " LXXIV (May 1923), p. 598-99.

Everyman (Los Angeles), VII (May 1908), p.

Thomas Y. Crowell,

New Republic, XXXII (22 November 1922),

Current Opinion,

The Prohibition Mania; a Reply to Professor Irving Fisher and Others. New York: Boni & Liveright, 1927. 254 pp.

Reviews

119

987

New York Times Book Review, 4 December 1927, p. 16.

988

Wisconsin Library Bulletin, XXIII (December 1927), p. 284.

989

Booklist, XXIV (February 1928), p. 191.

990

Stelzle, C.

991

Pittsburgh Monthly Bulletin, XXXIII (March 1928), p. 142.

992

Ravenel, M. P. American Journal of Public Health, XVIII (June 1928), p. 827.

993

Davis, H. S. Saturday Review of Literature, V (27 October 1928), p. 298.

Christian Century, VL (8 March 1928), p. 317.

Infidels and Heretics; an Agnostic's Anthology. Co., 1929. 293 pp.

Boston:

New York Times Book Review, 4

994

’’Heretics Handbook. ” August 1929, p. 14.

995

Springfield Republican, 19 July 1929, p. 12.

The Story of My Life. pp.

Stratford

New York:

C. Scribner's Sons, 1932, 495

996

Duffus, R. L. 1932, p. 4.

997

Ernst, Morris L. ruary 1932, p. 5.

998

Springfield Republican, 7 February 1932, p. 7E.

999

Boston Evening Transcript, 13 February 1932, p. 1.

1000

Godwin, Murray. p. 25.

1001

Steffens, Lincoln. ’’Attorney for the Damned. ” Saturday Re­ view of Literature, VIII (27 February 1932), p. 549-50.

1002

Wisconsin Library Bulletin, XXVIH (February 1932), p. 58.

1003

Wilbur, Susan. "Clarence Darrow. " ruary 1932), p. 20.

1004

Stolberg, Benjamin. "Clarence Darrow. ’’ Nation, CXXXIV (2 March 1932), p. 261-62.

New York Times Book Review, 7 February New York Herald Tribune Books, 7 Feb­

New Republic, LXX (17 February 1932),

The Chicagoan, (Feb­

Clarence Darrow

120

Christian

1005

Garrison, Winfred E. "Darrow the Tolerant. " Century, XLIX (23 March 1932), p. 386-87.

1006

The Times Literary Supplement (London) 24 March 1932, p. 212.

1007

Review of Reviews, LXXXV (March 1932), p. 9.

1008

Brooks, W. R. 194.

1009

Forum and Century, LXXXVII (April 1932), p. xi.

1010

Pittsburgh Monthly Bulletin, XXXVII (April 1932), p. 26.

1011

Woodruff, Douglas. 1932), p. 596.

1012

Arnold, Thurman. p. 932.

1013

New Statesman and Nation (London), III (7 May 1932), p. x, supplement.

1014

Haynes, E. S. P. 1932), p. 521.

1015

Cleveland Open Shelf, (May 1932), p. 11.

1016

Smith, Thomas V. 1932), p. 557.

Outlook (New York), CLX (March 1932), p.

Spectator (London), CXLVIII (23 April

Yale Law Journal, XLI (April 1932),

Saturday Review (London) CLIII (21 May

Journal of Political Economy, XL (August

Attorney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. Foreword by William O. Douglas. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957. 552 pp.

1017

Kirkus Reviews, XXV (15 October 1957), p. 788.

1018

Mason, A. T. New York Herald Tribune Book Review, 1 December 1957, p. 4.

1019

Heimanson, R. K. 1957), p. 3106.

1020

Ernst, Morris L. "Clarence Darrow Speaking. " New York Times Book Review, 8 December 1957, p. 7, 26.

1021

Hogan, William. 1957, p. 29.

1022

New Yorker, XXXIII (14 December 1957), p. 222.

Library Journal, LXXXII (1 December

San Francisco Chronicle, 9 December

Reviews

121

1023

Chicago Sunday Tribune, 15 December 1957, p. 3.

1024

Levy, Beryl H. ’’Compassionate Counselor. ” view, XLI (25 January 1958), p. 16.

1025

Hughes, Graham. ’’Darrow and the Law. ” New Republic, CXXXVIII (27 January 1958), p. 17-18.

1026

Booklist and Subscription Books Bulletin, LIV (1 February 1958), p. 295.

1027

Springfield Republican, 16 February 1958, p. 8C.

1028

Prevezer, S. Modern Law Review (London), XXIII (Novem­ ber 1960), p. 722.

Saturday Re­

Verdicts Out of Court, by Clarence Darrow. Edited with an intro­ duction by Arthur and Lila Weinberg. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1963. 448 pp. (Reprinted Arno Press, 1975)

1029

Christian Century, LXXX (6 November 1963), 1378.

1030

Andrews, J. L. 1963), p. 4657.

1031

Kunstler, William. ’’The Lawyer and the Man. ” New York Times Book Review, 15 December 1963, p. 19.

Library Journal, LXXXVIII (1 December

V. EIGHT FAMOUS COURT CASES; CLARENCE DARROW, DEFENSE ATTORNEY

Although no one has determined the exact number of trials in which Darrow served as defense attorney, it has been estimated that the number runs close to 2,000. While many cases were brief and un­ publicized, some trials generated immense publicity and inspired passionate responses from both prosecution and defense.

The following eight cases produced dramatic confrontations, accompanied by voluminous reporting in the newspapers and journals of the time. In addition, most of these cases continue to be ana­ lyzed and studied even up to the present time.

(Case summaries #1, #2, #3, #7, and #8 have been adapted, with permission from Harold S. Sharp, Footnotes to American His­ tory, A Bibliographic Source Book. Metuchen, N. J.: Scarecrow Press, 1977.) The bibliography following each trial summary is not ex­ haustive, but it does provide a fairly comprehensive list of works relating to each case.

1.

THE PULLMAN STRIKE, 1894 (U.S. vs. Debs, 1895)

In 1880, George M. Pullman, American industrialist and inventor of the sleeping car used on railroads, founded the industrial town of Pullman, Illinois, near Chicago. This was a typical company town. The houses, largely sub-standard, were rented to employees at high rates. The employees were required to trade at the company-owned store where the prices charged were exorbitant. Those employees who protested or who refused to comply with Pullman rules were summarily discharged.

In 1893 and 1894 the American economy suffered a general depression. The Pullman Palace Car Company reduced the wages of its workmen approximately 25% but did not reduce prices charged at the company store or the rents charged for company-owned houses. The salaries paid to the higher company officials remained untouched. A Committee of workmen requested a return to the former wage scale, but this was refused. When three members of the com123

Clarence Darrow

124

mittee were discharged, the employees struck. In June, 1894, The American Railway Union, under the leadership of Eugene V. Debs, sided with the striking workmen, and the General Managers’ Asso­ ciation, comprising the officials of 24 railroads entering Chicago, sided with the Pullman Company. Violence followed. Debs repeatedly warned workmen against violence, but tracks were torn up, railroad cars were overturned, and railroad property was destroyed.

Since the strike interfered with the movement of the U. S. mail and interstate commerce, President Grover Cleveland, over Gov. Altgeld’s protests, ordered federal troops into Chicago to re­ store order. Debs was arrested July 11, 1894. He was charged with criminal conspiracy and with violating a court injunction against striking. The criminal conspiracy trial began on January 25, 1895, with Darrow defending. Darrow's aggressive defense and crossexamination of witnesses soon convinced the government that the General Managers’ Association might also be guilty of conspiracy. Judge Peter Grosscup therefore adjourned the trial after a juror be­ came ill, and the government quietly dropped the case.

Debs still faced the contempt of court charge for violating the court injunction against striking. In this case he was found guilty and that decision was upheld on appeals all the way to the U. S. Supreme Court. This was Darrow’s first major case, and even though the first trial was a draw, and the second was an outright defeat, he had earned the gratitude of the workmen for his fierce championship of the union cause.

1894 1032

’’The Pullman Boycott. ” Public Opinion (New York), XVII (5 July 1894), p. 305-06.

1033

White, Horace. 1894), p. 5.

1034

Clark, Edward P. ”Gov. Altgeld and the President. ” Na­ tion, LIX (12 July 1894), p. 22.

1035

Abbott, Austin. ’’Legal Aspects of the Disorder at Chicago. ” Outlook (New York), L (14 July 1894), p. 544-45.

1036

’’Crisis in the States. ” 1894), p. 677, 684-89.

1037

Sherman, John D. ’’Situation in Chicago.” XXXVIII (14 July 1894), p. 665-67.

’’Pullman Boycott. ”

Nation, LIX (5 July

Spectator (London), LXXIII (14 July Harper’s Weekly

’

Eight Famous Trials

125

1038

Crawford, T. C. "Pullman Company and Its Striking Work­ men-" Harper's Weekly, XXXVIII (21 July 1894), p. 677 684-89.

1039

Grosscup, Peter S. "Indictment of the Leaders of the Amer­ ican Railway Union. " Outlook (New York), L (21 July 1894), p. 111.

1040

Lane, M. A. "Strike." 1894), p. 687+.

1041

Remington, Frederic. "Chicago Under the Mob. " Harper's Weekly, XXXVIII (21 July 1894), p. 680-81.

1042

Clark, Edward P. "Gov. Altgeld and the President. " Na­ tion, LIX (26 July 1894), p. 62. —

1043

Remington, Frederic. "Chicago Under the Law. " Weekly, XXXVIII (28 July 1894), p. 703-05.

1044

Stead, William T. "Incidents of Labour War in America. " Contemporary Review (London), LXVI (July 1894), p. 65-76.

1045

Remington, Frederic. "Withdrawal of the U. S. Troops. " Harper's Weekly, XXXVIH (11 August 1894), p. 748-49.

1046

"The Strike Commission Taking Testimony. " Public Opinion, XVII (30 August 1894), p. 514-16.

1047

Grant, Thomas B. "Pullman and Its Lessons. " American Journal of Politics, V (August, 1894), p. 190-204.

1048

Jeans, James S. "Comment; The Labor Crisis; Is Yale a Rich Man's College?" Yale Review, III (August 1894), p. 113.

1049

Means, David M. "Principles Involved in the Recent Strike. " Forum, XVII (August 1894), p. 633-43.

1050

Miles, Nelson A. "Lessons of the Recent Strikes. " North American Review, CLIX (August 1894), p. 180-206.

1051

Stead, William T. "Incidents of Labour War in America. " Review of Reviews (London), X (August 1894), p. 191.

1052

"Vital Points of Expert Opinion; G. M. Pullman on the Strike. " Our Day, XIII (July-August 1894), p. 364-68.

1053

Vital Points of Expert Opinion; Chauncey M. Depew on the Debs Strike. " Our Day, XIII (July-August 1894), p. 356-64.

1054

Means, David M. "The Debs Case. " Nation, LIX (13 Sep­ tember 1894), p. 190-91.

Harper's Weekly, XXXVIII (21 July

Harper's

Clarence Darrow

126

ft

1055

Cooley, Thomas M. "Lessons of Recent Civil Disorders. Forum, XVIII (September 1894), p. 1-19.

1056

Holst, Hermann E. von. "Are We Awakened?" Journal of Political Economy, II (September 1894), p. 485-516.

1057

Harte, Walter B. "Review of the Chicago Strike of 1894. " Arena (Boston), X (September 1894), p. 497-532.

1058

"The Federal Commission’s Report Upon the Chicago Strike. " Public Opinion, XVII (22 November 1894), p. 809-12.

1059

Ogden, Rollo. "Report on the Chicago Strike. " LIX (22 November 1894), p. 376.

1060

Mason, J. W. (Chicago Strike, 1894) Politics, V (1894), p. 392.

1061

Stead, William T. Chicago Today; or The Labour War in America. London: Review of Reviews, 1894. 287 pp.

1062

O’Connell, J. J. (Chicago Strike, 1894) XV (1894), p. 299.

1063

Burns, W. F. The Pullman Boycott; A Complete History of the Great Railroad Strike. St. Paul, MN.: McGill Printing Co. , 1894. 318 pp.

1064

Carwardine, William H. The Pullman Strike. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, for the Illinois Labor History Society, 1894. 126 pp.

1065

Nimmo, Joseph. The Insurrection of June and July, 1894, Growing Out of the Pullman Strike at Chicago, Illinois. An Address Delivered Before the National Statistical Association at the Columbian University, Washington, D. C. , October 9, 1894. Washington: Age Printing Co. , 1894. 31 pp.

1066

Pullman, George M. The Strike at Pullman. Statements of President George M. Pullman and Second Vice-President T. H. Wickes Before the United States Strike Commission. n. p. , 1894. 46 pp.

Nation,

American Journal of

United Service,

1895 1067

Robinson, Harry P. "Humiliating Report of the Strike Com­ mission.’’ Forum, XVIII (January 1895), p. 523-31.

1068

Remington, Frederic. "Affair of the --th of July. ’’ Weekly, XXXIX (2 February 1895), p. 103+.

Harper’s “ —

1069

McDermot, George. "Pullman Strike Commission. ’’ World, LX (February 1895), p. 627-35.

Catholic

Eight Famous Trials

127

1070

Schloss, David F. "Report of the Chicago Strike Commis­ sion. " Economic Journal (London), V (March 1895), p. 8386.

1071

Bemis, Edward W. "Chicago Strike of 1894." Reviews (London), XII (October 1895), p. 466.

1072

Ashley, William J. The Railroad Strike of 1894. Statements of the Pullman Company and Report of mission Together With an Analysis of the Issues. bridge: Church Social Union, 1895. 15, 46, liv. paging)

1073

Debs, Eugene V. (Defendant) Suit for Contempt of Court in Connection With the Chicago Strike, 1894. Includes Briefs and Other Records in This Case, 1894-95. n. p. , n. d.

1074

"In re Debs et al. " p. 900-12.

1075

Bancroft, Edgar A. The Chicago Strike of 1894. Chicago: Privately printed by Gunthorp-Warren Printing Co. , 1895. 73 pp.

1076

Swinton, John. A Momentous Question. The Respective At­ titudes of Labor and Capital. Articles Specially Contributed by Prominent and Well-Known Representatives. Philadelphia: R. Keller, 1895. 498 pp.

1077

"United States v. Debs et al. " (Circuit Court, N. D. Illinois, Dec. 14, 1894) The Federal Reporter, LXIV (1895), p. 72466.

1078

Holbrook, Zephaniah S. "Debs Insurrection and the American Republic. " Bibliotheca Sacra (Oberlin, OH) LXX (1895), p. 135, 209

1079

U. S. Congress. Senate. Report of the U. S. Strike Commis­ sion on the Chicago Strike of June-July, 1894. Sen. Doc. 7, 53rd Cong. , 3rd Sess., 1895. 681 pp.

Review of

The the Com­ Cam­ (various

Supreme Court Reporter, XV (1895),

1896 1080

King, Charles. A Tame Surrender, a Story of the Chicago Strike. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1896. 277 pp. Fictionalized account of the Chicago Strike. 1899

1081

Altgeld, John P. Live Questions; Comprising His Papers, Speeches and Interviews; Also His Messages to the Legisla-

Clarence Darrow

128 ture of Illinois ... Chicago: pp.

George S. Bowen, 1899.

1009

1904

1082

Cleveland, Grover. ’’The Government in the Strike of 1894. ” McClure’s Magazine, XXIII (July 1904), p. 227-40. 1910

1083

Debs, Eugene V. The Federal Government and the Chicago Strike. Rev. by the author. Chicago: C. H. Kerr, 1910. 32 pp.

1913

1084

Cleveland, Grover. The Government in Chicago Strike of 1894. Stafford Little Lectures at Princeton, 1904. Prince­ ton: Princeton University Press, 1913. 49 pp. 1917

1085

Day, Stephen A. "A Celebrated Illinois Case That Made History. ” Illinois Historical Society Transactions, 1917, p. 99-108.

1924

1086

Berman, Edward. ’’President Cleveland and the Pullman Strike of 1894. ” In Labor Disputes and the Presidents of the United States. New York: Columbia University Studies, 1924. Vol. Ill, p. 1+.

1937

1087

Gannon, Frank L. "The Problem of Law and Order in the Pullman Strike of 1894. " M. A. thesis, University of Illi­ nois, 1937. 127 pp.

1938 1088

Barnard, Harry. Eagle Forgotten, the Life of John Peter Altgeld. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1938, p. 280-344. Five chapters are devoted to the account of the Pullman strike and the Debs trial.

Eight Famous Trials

1089

129

Middleton, Lamar. "Pullman Strike. " In Revolt, U.S.A., by Lamar Middleton. Harrisburg, PA.: Stackpole Books, 1938, p. 267-94.

1939 1090

Lindsey, Almont. "Paternalism and the Pullman Strike. " American Historical Review, XLIV (January 1939), p. 27289.

1941 1091

Rich, Bennett M. "Commonweal and the Pullman Strike. " In Presidents and Civil Disorder, by Bennett M. Rich. Washington, D. C.: Brookings Institution, 1941, p. 87-109. 1942

1092

Lindsey, Almont. The Pullman Strike; The Story of a Unique Experiment and- of a Great Labor Upheaval. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1942. 385 pp. 1949

1093

Ginger, Ray. The Bending Cross: A Biography of Eugene V. Debs. New Brunswick, N. J.: Rutgers University Press, 1949. 459 pp.

1950

1094

Genewitch, Evelyn. "Federal Intervention in Chicago, 1894; A Conception of Public Interest. " M. A. thesis, University of Chicago, 1950. 96 pp. 1955

1095

Warne, Colston E. (ed.) The Pullman Boycott of 1894; The Problem of Federal Intervention. Boston: Heath, 1955. 112 pp. 1956

1096

David, Henry. "Labor Protests, the Pullman Strike. " In American Story; The Age of Exploration to the Age of the Atom. Edited by Earl S. Miers. Great Neck, N. Y.: Channel Press, 1956, p. 224-29.

Clarence Darrow

130

1097

Van Winkle, Marshall. "Radical Labor; United States vs. Debs et al. " In Sixty Famous Cases; 29 English Cases--31 American Cases, from 1778 to the Present; Trials Selected and Accounts Narrated, by Marshall Van Winkle. Long Branch, N. J.: W. S. Ayres, 1956, Vol. 7, p. 221-30. 1958

1098

Ginger, Ray. "A Compulsory Heaven at Pullman. " In Altgeld's America; the Lincoln Ideal Versus Changing Realities, by Ray Ginger. New York: Funk & Wagnails, 1958, p. 143-68.

1960 1099

Altgeld, John Peter. "Address on Labor Unrest and the Pullman Strike. " In The Mind and Spirit of John Peter Alt­ geld; Selected Writings and Addresses, by John P. Altgeld. Edited by Henry M. Christman. Urbana: University of Illi­ nois Press, 1960, p. 124-74.

1100

Manning, Thomas G. (ed.) The Chicago Strike of 1894; Industrial Labor in the Late Nineteenth Century. New York: Holt, 1960. 65 pp.

1962 1101

Kunstler, William M. "Clarence Seward Darrow. " In The Case for Courage, by William Kunstler. New York: William Morrow, 1962, p. 201-36. 1964

1102

Lindsey, Almont. The Pullman Strike; the Story of a Unique Experiment and of a Great Labor Upheaval. Chicago: Uni­ versity of Chicago Press, 1964. 385 pp. Reprint of the 1942 edition.

1969 1103

Stead, William T. Chicago Today; or The Labour War in America. New York: Arno Press, 1969. 287 pp. Reprint of the 1894 edition.

1104

Stein, Leon (ed.) The Pullman Strike. New York: Arno Press, 1969. Various paging. Reprints of works by William H. Carwardine, Grover Cleveland, George M. Pullman, and Eugene V. Debs.

Eight Famous Trials

131

1970

1105

Heaps, Willard A. "The Great Railroad Boycott. " In Riots, U- S. A. , by Willard A. Heaps. New York: Seabury Press, 1970, p. 85-97. 1971

1106

Carwar dine, William H. The Pullman Strike. Chicago: C. H. Kerr for the Illinois Labor History Society, 1971. 126 pp. Reprint of the 1894 edition. Rev. Carwardine was pastor of the First M. E. Church of Pullman at the time of the strike. 1972

1107

Adelman, William. Touring Pullman, A Study in Company Paternalism. Chicago: Illinois Labor History Society, 1972. 45 pp.

1108

U.S. Strike Commission. Report on the Chicago Strike of June-July, 1894, with Appendices Containing Testimony, Proceedings, and Recommendations. Clifton, N.J.: A. M. Kelley, 1972. 681 pp. Reprint of Senate Executive Document no. 7, 53rd Con­ gress, 3rd Session, Government Printing Office, 1895.

1977

1109

Cooper, Jerry M. "The Army As Strikebreaker--The Rail­ road Strikes of 1877 and 1894. " Labor History XVIII (Spring, 1977), p. 179-96.

1979

1110

Tierney, Kevin. "Prendergast and Pullman. " In Darrow: A Biography, by Kevin Tierney. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1979, p. 88-100.

1111

________. "In Re Debs. " In Darrow: A Biography, by Kevin Tierney. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1979, p. 103-16.

The following are references to reports of the Pullman Strike and Debs’s Trial appearing in the New York Times.

Clarence Darrow

132 1112

1894

June 23 (p. 1); 24 (p. 17); 26 (p. 8); 27 (p. 8); 28 (p. 1); 29 (p. l,p. 4 Editorial); 30 (p. l,p. 4 Editorial) July 1 (p. l,p. 4 Editorial); 2 (p. l,p. 4 Editorial); 3 (p. 1, p. 4 Editorial); 4 (p. l,p. 4 Editorial); 5 (p. l,p. 2,p. 8, p. 4 Editorial); 6 (p. l,p. 2,p. 4 Editorial); 7 (p. l,p. 2, p. 5,p. 8,p. 4 Editorial); 8 (p. 1, p. 5,p. 15,p. 4 Editorial); 9 (p. 1-2,p. 5,p. 4 Editorial); 10 (p. 1-3,p. 9,p. 4 Editorial); 11 (p. 1-2,p. 8 Debs arrested,p. 4 Editorial); 12 (p. 1-2, p. 8-9,p. 4 Editorial); 13 (p. 1-2,p. 9,p. 12,p. 4 Editorial); 14 (p. 1-2,p. 9,p. 4 Editorial); 15 (p. l,p. 5,p. 8,p. 10, p. 20); 16 (p. 2,p. 4 Editorial); 17 (p. 4 Editorial); 18 (p. l,p. 4 Editorial); 19 (p. 5,p. 4 Editorial); 20 (p. 1); 21 (p. 4 Editorial); 22 (p. 1); 23 (p. 2); 24 (p. 5); 25 (p. 5); 26 (p. 4 Editorial); 27 (p. 4 Editorial); 28 (p. 4 Editorial); 29 (p. 1-2) August 1 (p. 9, p. 4 Editorial); 2 (p. 7); 3 (p. 2); 4 (p. 5); 67pT9); 8 (p. 1); 14 (p. 8); 15 (p. 9); 17 (p. 1); 18 (p. 1); 19 (p. 24); 20 (p. 5); 21 (p. 9); 22 (p. 5); 23 (p. 2,p. 8); 24 (p. l,p. 5); 25 (p. 8); 26 (p. 3); 28 (p. 8); 29 (p. 5); 30 (p. 1); 31 (p. 3) September 2 (p. l,p. 9); 4 (p. 2); 6 (p. 2); 7 (p. 2); 8 (p. 2); 12 (p. 2); 13 (p. l,p. 4 Editorial); 28 (p. 7); 29 (p. 5,p. 4 Editorial); October 12 (p. 1) November 14 (p. 4 Editorial); 15 (p. 4 Editorial); 17

TpTTo) December 19 (p. 10);

13 (p. 8); 15 (p. 9;p. 4 Editorial); 16 (p. 20 (p. 8); 28 (p. 16)

6);

1895

January 8 (p. 15); 9 (p. 8); 17 (p. 9); 18 (p. 10); 22 (p. 16); 25 (p. 15 Debs's trial begins); 26 (p. 10); 29 (p. 14); 30 (p. 10) February 1 (p. 15); 5 (p. 8); 7 (p. 5); 8 (p. 1); 12 (p. 5); 13 (p. 14); 14 (p. 1) March 24 (p. 1); 26 (p. 9); 27 (p. 16) April 29 (p. 1) May 28 (p. 16; p. 4 Editorial) June 3 (p. 1); 11 (p. 16); 12 (p. 4); 13 (p. 2) July 10 (p. 5) August 29 (p. 14) September 1 (p. 24); 2 (p. 9); 3 (p. 4)

1896

June 23 (p. 3)

2. WILLIAM D. HAYWOOD (Idaho vs. Haywood, 1907)

Frank R. Steunenberg was killed by a dynamite booby trap when he opened the gate leading to his home in Caldwell, Idaho, on Decem­ ber 30, 1905. Steunenberg was a former governor of Idaho who had earned the enmity of the miners in his state by calling in federal troops to quell disorders at the Coeur d'Alene mines in 1899. "Big Bill" Haywood and other officers of the Western Federation of Miners

Eight Famous Trials

133

were prime suspects because they had fought violently for years to correct intolerable working conditions in the mines.

Harry Orchard, a professional dynamiter and murderer, con­ fessed to the crime, saying he had done it under orders from the mine union officials, Haywood, George Pettibone, and Charles Moyer. He also named Steve Adams in the plot.

Since Haywood, Pettibone and Moyer were at that time living in Colorado, Idaho agents kidnapped the three men and brought them to Idaho for trial. Adams’ trial was held first, in Wallace, Idaho, in February, 1907, with Darrow as defense attorney. The trial ended with a deadlocked jury. Even though Idaho had extradited the three men illegally, the trial against Haywood began in Boise, May 1907, and lasted two months. Darrow won acquittal for Haywood by calling over 100 witnesses to disprove Harry Orchard’s accusations. Darrow produced evidence to show that Orchard was a liar, kid­ napper, poisoner, and murderer. After Haywood’s trial, Pettibone was tried and also acquitted. The case against Moyer was then dropped by the State of Idaho. Steve Adams was tried a second time, again ending with a dead­ locked jury. Finally, Orchard himself was tried, convicted on his own confession, and sentenced to the penitentiary at Boise where he remained for the rest of his life.

1906 1113

’’Murder of Ex-Governor Steunenberg. ” Independent (New York): LX (8 March 1906), p. 536.

1114

Wanhope, Joseph. The Haywood-Moyer Outrage: The Story of Their Illegal Arrest and Deportation From Colorado to Idaho. New York: Wilshire Book Co. , 1906? 23 pp. 1907

1115

Grant, Luke. ’’Idaho Murder Trial.” Outlook (New York), LXXXV (6 April 1907), p. 805-11.

1116

’’Moyer-Haywood Trial. ” Outlook (New York), LXXXV (6 April 1907), p. 776-77.

1117

’’Roosevelt and the Moyer-Haywood Trial.” Outlook (New York), LXXXVI (4 May 1907), p. 1-2.

1118

’’Idaho Murder Trial. ” Independent (New York), LXII (16 May 1907), p. 1117-19.

1119

’’Murder Charge at a Labor Union’s Door.” ly LI (25 May 1907), p. 762-65.

Harper’s Week-

Clarence Darrow

134

1120

"Idaho Murder Trial. " Charities and the Commons (New York), XVIII (1 June 1907), p. 286-88.

1121

’’Idaho Murder Trial. ” Independent (New York), LXII (13 June 1907), p. 1373-74.

1122

’’Professional Assassin. ” Outlook (New York), LXXXVI (15 June 1907), p. 303-04.

1123

’’Trial in Idaho. ” p. 932.

1124

’’Haywood Trial. ” Outlook (New York), LXXXVI (22 June 1907), p. 350-51.

1125

’’History of the Case. ” Current Literature, XLII (June 1907), p. 587-95.

1126

’’Confession of Harry Orchard. ” (July 1907), p. 1-5.

1127

’’Border Spirit in the West. ” American Magazine, LXIV (July 1907), p. 331-36.

1128

’’Haywood Verdict. ” Independent (New York), LXIII (1 August 1907), p. 293-94.

1129

Darrow, Clarence. ’’Acquittal of Haywood. ” Mirror (St. Louis), XVII (1 August 1907), p. 3.

1130

’’Haywood’s Acquittal. ” Nation, LXXXV (1 August 1907), p. 92.

1131

’’Idaho Trial. ” Spectator (London), IC (3 August 1907), p. 148.

1132

Grant, Luke. ’’Haywood Trial: A Review. ” Outlook (New York), LXXXVI (24 August 1907), p. 855-62.

1133

’’Haywood Verdict. ” Charities and the Commons (New York), XVIII (7 September 1907), p. 698-700.

1134

’’Acquittal of Haywood. ” Arena (Boston), XXXVIII (September 1907), p. 332-33.

1135

’’Effects of the Haywood Verdict. ” (September 1907), p. 247-50.

1136

Tierney, John S. ’’Class Enmity on Trial. ” World Today (Chicago), XIII (September 1907), p. 916-19.

1137

”Rebellion--Armed or Otherwise; Aftermath of the Haywood Trial. ” Pandex of the Press (San Francisco), VI (Septem-

Spectator (London), IIC (15 June 1907),

Current Literature, XLIII

Current Literature, XLIII

Eight Famous Trials

135

ber 1907), p. 291-300. A compilation of editorials and cartoons from various newspapers. 1138

Turner, George K. ’’Actors and Victims in the Tragedies. ” McClure’s Magazine, XXIX (September 1907), p. 524-29.

1139

Darrow, Clarence. ’’Darrow’s Speech in the Haywood Case. ” Wayland’s Monthly, Number 90 (October 1907).

1140

Clay, Samuel H. The Assassination of Ex-Governor Frank Steunenberg As Confessed by Harry Orchard. Caldwell, ID.: News Printing & Publishing Co., 1907. 156 pp.

1141

Horsley, Albert (Harry Orchard, pseud.) The Confessions and Autobiography of Harry Orchard. New York: McClure Co., 1907. 255 pp.

1142

Darrow, Clarence. Argument of Clarence S. Darrow in the Case of State of Idaho Against Steve Adams at Wallace, Ida­ ho, February, 1907. Denver, Co.: n. p. 1907? 47 pp.

1908

1143

Darrow, Clarence. Darrow’s Speech in the Haywood Case. Girard, KS.: J. A. Wayland, 1908. Ill pp. Reprint of summation published in Wayland’s Monthly, Oc­ tober 1907.

1144

Darrow, Clarence. The Moyer-Haywood Outrage. New York: Moyer-Haywood Labor Conference, 1908? 4 pp. Excerpt of Darrow’s summation in Steve Adams Trial.

1145

Langdon, Emma F. Labor’s Greatest Conflicts; A History of the Moyer, Haywood and Pettibone Kidnapping Cases. Den­ ver: Press of Great Western Publishing Co., 1908. 167 pp.

1912 1146

Connolly, Christopher P. ’’Protest by Dynamite; Similarities and contrasts Between the McNamara Affair and the MoyerHaywood-Pettibone Trial. ” Collier’s XLVIII (13 January 1912), p. 9-10.

1929 1147

Darrow, Clarence. ’’The Haywood Trial; Plea for the De­ fense. ” In Winning Declamations and How to Speak Them. Rev. ed. Edited by Edwin D. Shurter. New York: Noble & Noble, 1929, p. 255-57. Excerpt of summation speech.

Clarence Darrow

136

1148

Haywood, William D. Bill HaywoodTs Book; the Autobio­ graphy of William D. Haywood. New York: International Publishing Co. , 1929. 368 pp. 1932

1149

Darrow, Clarence. "Clarence Darrow. " (Speech in Haywood Case). In Legal and Public Speaking; a Treatise on the Art of Public Speaking, with Copious Illustrations and Models of Public Utterances and Jury Speeches, by Jesse F. Brum­ baugh. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1932, p. 841-991. Full text of speech.

1150

Provost, Katharine. "On the Terror Trail of Harry Orchard, the Dynamite Assassin. " Startling Detective (Month?, 1932?), p. 50-57. 1933

1151

Hays, Arthur G. Trial By Prejudice. New York: Covici, Friede, 1933. 364 pp. Touches briefly on several trials in which Hays was co­ counsel with Darrow.

1934

1152

Adamic, Louis. Dynamite; the Story of Class Violence in America. Rev. ed. New York: Harper, 1934. 495 pp. Contains account of Haywood Trial. 1939

1153

Flynn, Elizabeth G. "William D. Haywood. " In Debs, Hay­ wood, Ruthenberg, by Elizabeth G. Flynn. New York: Workers Library Publishers, 1939, p. 21-29.

1950

1154

"Echo of the Famous Haywood Trial." March 1950), p. 113-16.

1155

Haywood, William D. "William D. Haywood. " In We Speak for Ourselves; a Self-Portrait of America. Edited and with an introduction by Irving Stone with Richard Kennedy. Gar­ den City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1950, p. 371-75. Reprinted from Bill Haywood’s Book, published 1929.

Life, XXVIII (13

Eight Famous Trials

137

1952 1156

Busch, Francis X. Prisoners at the Bar; an Account of the Trials of the William Haywood Case, the Sacco-Vanzetti Case, the Loeb-Leopold Case, the Bruno Hauptmann Case. Notable American Trials. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1952. 288 pp.

1956 1157

Holbrook, Stewart H. The Rocky Mountain Revolution. York: Henry Holt, 1956. 318 pp.

New

1957

1158

Darrow, Clarence. "A Governor Is Murdered. " In Attorney for the Damned. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 410-88. 1958

1159

Reilly, George. "A Rhetorical Analysis of Clarence Darrow's Invention and Disposition in Two Court Summation Pleas. " Master's Thesis, South Dakota State College (Brookings) 1958. 1959

1160

Johnson, Kendrick. "Trial of 'Big Bill' Haywood." Nevada State Bar Journal, XXIV (July 1959), p. 121-27.

1960 1161

Kissane, Leedice. "The Haywood Trial: Steve Adams, the Speechless Witness. " Idaho Yesterdays, IV (Fall 1960), p. 18-21.

1162

Ravitz, Abe C. and James N. Primm. The Haywood Case; Materials for Analysis. San Francisco: Chandler Publishing Co., 1960. 244 pp.

1163

Scheinberg, Stephen. "The Haywood Triak Theodore Roose­ velt's 'undesirable citizens’." Idaho Yesterdays, IV (Fall 1960), p. 10-15.

1962 1164

Grover, David H.

"Debaters and Dynamiters: The Rhetoric

Clarence Darrow

138

of the Haywood Trial. " Ph. D. dissertation, University of Oregon, 1962. 440 pp. 1963 1165

Grover, David H. "Borah and the Haywood Trial. " Pacific Historical Review, XXXII (February 1963), p. 65-77.

1964 1166

Grover, David H. Debaters and Dynamiters; the Story of the Haywood Trial. Oregon State Monographs: Studies in history, no. 4. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press, 1964. 310 pp.

1167

Hawley, Janies H. ’’Steve Adams’ Confession and the State’s Case Against Bill Haywood. ” Idaho Yesterdays, VII (Winter 1963-64), p. 16-27.

1965 1168

Anderson, Bryce W. ’’The Bomb at the Governor’s Gate. ” American West, II (Winter, 1965), p. 75-76.

1966 1169

Haywood, William D. The Autobiography of William D, Hay­ wood. New York: International Publishing Co. , 1966. 368 pp. Reprint of Bill Haywood’s Book, published in 1929. 1969

1170

Conlin, Joseph. Big Bill Haywood and the Radical Union Movement. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1969. 244 pp. 1972

1171

Cowart, B. T. '’James McParland and the Haywood Case. ” Idaho Yesterdays, XVI (1972), p. 24-29.

1172

Archer, Jules. Strikes, Bombs and Bullets; Big Bill Hay­ wood and the IWW. New York: J. Messner, 1972. 190 pp. Biography of Haywood for younger readers.

Eight Famous Trials

139 1979

1173

Tierney, Kevin. "The Haywood Trial. " In Darrow: A Bio­ graphy, by Kevin Tierney. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1979, p. 206-26.

The following are references to reports of the Haywood Trial ap­ pearing in the New York Times.

1174

1905

December 31 (p. 1)

1906

May 30 (p. 2)

1907

January 28 (p. 1) February 24, Sec. 2 (p. 5) March 4 (p. 5) April 21, Sec. 5 (p. 5); 22 (p. 18); 24 (p. 1-2); 25 (p. 1; pHU? 26 (p. 3); 27 (p. 9); 29 (p. 5,p. 18) May 2 (p. 1-2); 3 (p. 1-2,p. 6); 5, Sec. 2 (p. 1-2); 6 (p. 1-2); 7 (p. 2); 10 (p. 1-2); 11 (p. 4); 12, Sec. 2 (p. 6), Sec. 3 (p. 4); 14 (p. 1-2); 15 (p. 5); 16 (p. 4); 17 (p. 1-2); 18 (p. 3); 19, Sec. 2 (p. 4); 20 (p. 1); 21 (p. 3,p. 8); 23 (p. 3); 24 (p. 3); 25 (p. 3); 26, Sec. 2 (p. 1); 28 (p. 3) June 1 (p. 3); 2, Sec. 2 (p. 4), Sec. 5 (p. 8); 4 (p.l); 5 (p. l,p. 6); 6 (p.l); 7 (p. 1-2); 8 (p. 1-2, p. 8); 9, Sec. 2 (p. 1-2), Sec. 5 (p. 7); 10 (p. 4); 11 (p. 1-2); 12 (p. 12); 13 (p.l); 14 (p.l); 15 (p.l); 16, Sec. 2 (p.l); 18 (p. 2); 19 (p.l); 20 (p. 2); 21 (p. 2); 22 (p. 3); 23, Sec. 3 (p. 4); 24 (p. 3); 25 (p. 3); 26 (p. 3); 27 (p.l); 28 (p. 3); 29 (p. 3); 30, Sec. 1 (p. 5), Sec. 2 (p. 3) July 2 (p. 3); 3 (p. 3); 4 (p. 2); 5 (p. 6); 6 (p. 3); 9 (p. 5); 11 (p. 3); 12 (p. 3); 13 (p. 2); 14, Sec. 2 (p. 4); 15 (p. 2); 16 (p. 3); 17 (p. 4); 18 (p. 3); 19 (p. 2); 20 (p. 3); 23 (p. 8); 24 (p. 5); 25 (p. 5); 26 (p. 2); 27 (p. 3); 28, Sec. 2 (p. 1); 29 (p. l,p. 5,p. 8); 30 (p. 6-7); 31 (p. 6) August 3 (p. 9); 5 (p. 14); 6 (p. 1); 7 (p. 1)

3. BOMBING OF THE LOS ANGELES TIMES BUILDING (California vs. McNamara, 1911) At seven minutes past 1 o'clock in the morning of Saturday, October 1, 1910, a dynamite blast demolished the Los Angeles Times building. In spite of the disaster, General Harrison Gray Otis, the publisher, managed to put out an emergency edition that same morning with the headline, "Unionist Bombs Wreck the Times. " He was convinced, along with many other people, that the union was to blame. Twenty-one people died, and many others were injured as a result of the blast. Union and labor leaders denied any involvement in the dynamiting, but William J. Burns and his detectives were able

140

Clarence Darrow

to uncover a mass of incriminating evidence, and in April, 1911, Ortie McManigal was arrested. He confessed to the crime, and implicated James B. McNamara and his brother, John J. McNama­ ra. John J. was secretary-treasurer, and James B. was a mem­ ber of the Structural Iron Workers union.

Samuel Gompers, president of the American Federation of Labor, believing the McNamaras innocent, personally visited Dar­ row and pleaded with him to take the case. Darrow reluctantly agreed and went to Los Angeles in April 1911, as defense attorney.

The trial began October 11, 1911, with a plea of not guilty. Darrow soon realized his clients were indeed guilty, and that the prosecution had an airtight case against them. He persuaded his clients to change their plea to guilty, and hope for a less severe sentence. On December 1, 1911, the guilty plea was entered, and shortly thereafter the trial ended. John J. , who ordered the dyna­ miting, received a 15 year sentence, and James B. , who actually laid the dynamite (along with McManigal), received a life sentence. A month later, in January 1912, Darrow himself was in­ dicted on two counts of jury bribery in connection with the McNa­ mara Trial. See "Darrow Bribery Trials" in this chapter.

1910

1175

"Los Angeles Atrocity. " Independent (New York), LXIX (6 October 1910), p. 78-81. 1911

1176

"Los Angeles Crime. " Independent (New York), LXX (4 May 1911), p. 967-68.

1177

"Dynamiters. " Independent (New York), LXX (4 May 1911), p. 923.

1178

"Charge of Wholesale Murder. " (6 May 1911), p. 1-2.

1179

Roosevelt, Theodore. "Murder Is Murder. " Outlook (New York), XCVIII (6 May 1911), p. 12-13. ”

1180

Taylor, Graham. "Justice Without Fear of Favor. " XXVI (6 May 1911), p. 214-15.

1181

Roosevelt, Theodore. "Gompers, General Otis, and the Dy­ namite Charges. " Outlook (New York), XCVIII (17 June 1911), p. 330-32.

1182

"Arrest of McNamara. " p. 569-75.

Outlook (New York), XCVHI

Survey

Current Literature, L (June 1911),

’

Eight Famous Trials

141

1183

O'Higgins, Harvey J. "Dynamiters; a Great Case of Detec­ tive William J. Burns. " McClure's Magazine, XXXVII (Au­ gust 1911), p. 346-64.

1184

Connolly, Christopher P. "Trial at Los Angeles. " Col­ lier^, XLVIII (14 October 1911), p. 17.

1185

"McNamara Trial. " p. 467.

1186

"Trial by Jury on Trial. " cember 1911), p. 794-95.

1187

"Dynamiters Confess. " Independent (New York), LXXI (7 De­ cember 1911), p. 1228-29.

1188

"Confession. " Independent (New York), LXXI (7 December 1911), p. 1276-77.

1189

"McNamaras and After. " p. 538.

1190

Taylor, Graham. "McNamara Confessions. ” Survey, XXVII (9 December 1911), p. 1339-40.

1191

"Dynamiters Sentenced. " Independent (New York), LXXI (14 December 1911), p. 1289-90.

1192

"McNamara Case. " Outlook (New York), XCIX (16 Decem­ ber 1911), p. 89-95.

1193

Woehike, Walter V. "End of Dynamite Case--Guilty. " Out­ look (New York), XCIX (16 December 1911), p. 903-08.

1194

Connolly, Christopher P. "The Saving of Clarence Darrow: Dramatic Close of the McNamara Case. " Collier's, XLVIII (23 December 1911), p. 9-10.

1195

"Experiment in Good Will; Termination of the McNamara Trial." Survey, XXVH (30 December 1911), p. 1434-36.

1196

"Larger Bearings of the McNamara Case; Symposium. " vey, XXVII (30 December 1911), p. 1413-29.

1197

Gompers, Samuel. The McNamara Case. Washington, D. C.: American Federation of Labor, 1911. 24 pp.

Current Literature, LI (Novembei’ 1911), Outlook (New York), XCIX (2 De­

Nation, XCIII (7 December 1911),

Sur-

1912 1198

"American Dynamiters. " ary 1912), p. 8-10.

Spectator (London), CVIII (6 Janu­

Clarence Darrow

142

1199

’’Kind Words for the M’Namaras. ” (6 January 1912), p. 3-4.

1200

Connolly, Christopher P. ’’Protest by Dynamite; Similarities and Contrasts Between the McNamara Affair and the MoyerHaywood-Pettibone Trial.” Collier’s, XLVIII (13 January 1912), p. 9-10.

1201

’’Labor’s Illuminating Moment. ” 1912), p. 451-53.

1202

McNamaras’ Confession. ” Current Literature, LII (January 1912), p. 8-15.

1203

Burns, William J. ’’Unionism and Dynamite. ” McClure’s Magazine, XXXVIII (February 1912), p. 363-71.

1204

’’Trouble in Los Angeles. ” Review of Reviews (New York), XLV (January 1912), p. 8-12.

1205

Wigmore, John H. "Limits of Counsel’s Legitimate Defense. ” Journal of the American Institute of Criminal Law and Crimi­ nology, II (January 1912), pi 663-66.

1206

Gompers, Samuel. "Organized Assault Against the Rights and Leaders of the American Workingman. ’’ McClure’s Magazine, XXXVIII (February 1912), p. 371-76.

1207

Heney, Francis J. "McNamara Sentence Justified." Jour­ nal of the American Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology; II (January 1912), p. 731-35.

1208

"How Burns Caught the Dynamiters. ’’ McClure’s Magazine, XXXVIII (January 1912), p. 325-29.

1209

Tichenor, Henry M. A Wave of Horror; a Comparative Pic­ ture of the Los Angeles Tragedy. St. Louis: National RipSaw Publishing Co., 1912. 31 pp.

Literary Digest, XLIV

Craftsman, XXI (January,

1913 1210

Burns, William J. The Masked War; the Story of a Peril That Threatened the United States, by the Man Who Uncovered the Dynamiters and Sent Them to Jail. New York: George Doran, 1913. 328 pp.

1211

McManigal, Ortie E. The National Dynamite Plot. Los An­ geles: Neale Co. , 1913. 91 pp. Contains his confession and his part in the dynamiting of the Los Angeles Times building, along with James B. McNamara, on October 1 1910.

Eight Famous Trials

143

1915 1212

Schroeder, Theodore. "McNamaras: Martyrs or Crimi­ nals?" Forum, LIV (September 1915), p. 329-36.

1931 1213

Steffens, Lincoln. The Autobiography of Lincoln Steffens. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1931. Eyewitness accounts of McNamara and Darrow Trials. 1933

1214

Hays, Arthur G. Trial by Prejudice. New York: Covici, Friede, 1933. 364 pp. Contains brief accounts of McNamara and Darrow Trials.

1934

1215

Adamic, Louis. Dynamite; the Story of Class Violence in America. Rev. ed. New York: Harper, 1934. 495 pp. Contains accounts of Haywood and McNamara Trials.

1216

Cohn, Alfred and Joe Chisholm. Take the Witness! New York: Frederick A. Stokes, 1934. 315 pp. Chapters 22-24 contain accounts of McNamara and Darrow Trials.

1941 1217

"Dynamiter. " Time, XXXVII (17 March 1941), p. 20. Profile of James B. McNamara.

1956 1218

Van Winkle, Marshall. "Unionism and Dynamite; the Case of the McNamara Brothers. " In Sixty Famous Cases: 29 English Cases--31 American Cases, From 1778 to the Present; Trials Selected and Accounts Narrated, by Marshall Van Winkle. Long Branch, N. J.: W. S. Ayres, 1956, Vol. 8, p. 99-118.

1957 1219

Taft, Philip. The A. F. of L. in the Time of Gompers. New York: Harper, 1957. 508 pp. Contains account of McNamara Trial.

Clarence Darrow

144 1963

1220

Adamic, Louis. Dynamite; the Story of Class Violence in America. Rev. ed. Gloucester, MA.: Peter Smith, 1963. 495 pp. Reprint of edition published in 1934. Contains accounts of Haywood and McNamara Trials.

1221

Stone, Irving. ’’Clarence Darrow for the Defense. " In The Irving Stone Reader, by Irving Stone. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1963, p. 176-232. Account of the McNamara Trial reprinted from Stone's biography, Clarence Darrow for the Defense, published in 1941. 1968

1222

Anderson, Walt. ’’The 'Times' Dynamiting Case. " History Illustrated, II (February 1968), p. 47-51.

1223

Hynd, Alan. "Los Angeles Times Explosion. " In In Pursuit: The Cases of William J. Burns, by Alan Hynd. Camden, N.J.: Nelson, 1968, p. 104-24.

American

1969

1224

Burns, William J. The Masked War; the Story of a Peril That Threatened the United States, by the Man Who Uncovered the Dynamiters and Sent Them to Jail. New York: Arno Press, 1969. 328 pp. Reprint of 1913 edition. Account of the tracking of Ortie McManigal and J. B. McNamara.

1225

Robinson, William W. Bombs and Bribery: The Story of the McNamara and Darrow Trials Following the Dynamiting in 1910 of the Los Angeles Times Building. Famous Califor­ nia Trials, 9. Los Angeles: Dawson's Book Shop, 1969. 52 pp. Limited edition of 300 copies printed. 1977

1226

Shapiro, Herbert. "The McNamara Case; a Crisis of the Progressive Era. " Southern California Quarterly, LIX (Fall 1977), p. 271-87.

1979

1227

Tierney, Kevin.

"The McNamara Case. "

In Darrow:

A

Eight Famous Trials

Biography, by Kevin Tierney. Crowell, 1979, p. 236-51.

145 New York:

Thomas Y.

The following are references to reports in the New York Times of the bombing of the Los Angeles Times building and the McNamara Trial which followed.

1228

1910

October 2 (p. 1-2,p. 12); 3 (p. 1); 4 (p. 1, p. 9); 5 (p. 2); 6 (p. 1); 7 (p. 1); 8 (p. 10); 9, Sec. 6 (p. 14); 12 (p. 1); 18 (p. 1); 19 (p. 10); 25 (p. 1); 30 (p. 16); 31 (p. 5) November 1 (p. 8); 2 (p. 1) December 26 (p. 1); 27 (p. 1); 28 (p. 8); 29 (p. 16); 30

1911

January 4 (p. 4); 6 (p. 1); 7 (p. 4); 9 (p. 4); 29 (p. 7) February 1 (p. 4); 24 (p. 1) April 23 (p. 1); 24 (p. 1-3, p. 8); 25 (p. 1-2, p. 12); 26 (p. l,p. 3,p. 12); 27 (p. 1); 28 (p. 1-2); 29 (p. 1, p. 12); 30 (p. 1-2) May 1 (p. 2,p. 10); 2 (p. 6); 3 (p. 9); 5 (p. 4); 6 (p. 3); 7, Sec. 4 (p. 14); 8 (p. 1-2); 9 (p. 8); 12 (p. 4); 13 (p. 13); 14 (p. 6); 17 (p. 2); 18 (p. 20); 19 (p. 5); 20 (p. 3, p. 13); 21 (p. 12); 28, Sec. 2 (p. 4), Sec. 3 (p. 4); 30 (p. 3) June 3 (p. 2); 4 (p. 3); 5 (p. 7); 11 (p. 1, p. 5); 12 (p. 2); THp. 1); 18 (p. 14); 27 (p. 2, p. 14) July 1 (p. 5); 2 (p. 1); 5 (p. 1); 7 (p. 4); 9 (p. 6); 13 (p. 1); 15 (p. 4); 18 (p. 1); 22 (p. 7); 23 (p. 1, p. 12); 28 (p. 1, p. 4); 30 (p. 6) August 2 (p. 1); 15 (p. 3); 22 (p. 1); 25 (p. 2); 26 (p. 3); 28 (p. 3); 30 (p. 3) September 12 (p. 22); 14 (p. 7); 17 (p. 1); 19 (p. 22); 24 (p. 11); 26’ (p. 6) October 1 (p. 9); 6 (p. 16); 8 (p. 11); 9 (p. 1); 10 (p. 22); 11 (p. 2); 12 (p. l,p. 8); 13 (p. 3, p. 10); 14 (p. 1); 15, Sec. 3 (p. 11); 16 (p. 3); 17 (p. 8); 18 (p. 6); 19 (p. 7); 20 (p. 2); 21 (p. 5); 22 (p. 7); 23 (p. 4); 24 (p. 3, p. 12); 26 (p. 20); 28 (p. 8); 29 (p. 13); 31 (p. 7) November 1 (p. 7); 2 (p. 20); 7 (p. 2); 10 (p. 1); 12 (p. 9); 15 (p. 5); 17 (p. 8-9); 22 (p. 10); 24 (p. 8); 25 (p. 2); 26 (p. 7); 27 (p. 20); 29 (p. 1); 30 (p. 3) December 1 (p. 5); 2 (p. 1-5, p. 12 McNamaras plead guilty); 3 (p. 1-2, p. 4, p. 6-7, p. 12, p. 14); 4 (p. 1-3, p. 12); 5 (p. 1-3, p. 12); 6 (p. 1-2, p. 12); 7 (p. 1, p. 4, p. 12); 8 (p. 1-2, p. 12); 9 (p. 3); 10, Sec. 3 (p. 15-16), Sec. 6 (p. 16); 11 (p. 1-2); 12 (p. 14); 13 (p. 7); 14 (p. 1-2); 15 (p. 5); 16 (p. 22); 17, Sec. 1 (p. 2), Sec. 2 (p. 8); 19 (p. 7); 20 (p. 5); 21 (p. 9); 22 (p. 11); 23 (p. 5); 24 (p. 4); 25 (p. 4); 26 (p. 8); 30 (p. 1); 31 (p. 1)

1912

January 1 (p. 7); 2 (p. 2, p. 10); 3 (p. 7); 4 (p. 4); 5 (p. 5); 6 (p. 2); 11 (p. 9); 12 (p. 2); 13 (p. 4); 14 (p. 11); 16

Clarence Darrow

146

(p. 6); 17 (p. 12); 19 (p. 1, p. 6); 20 (p. 4); 21 (p. 4); 26 (p. 8); 27 (p. 20); 28 (p. 6); 29 (p.D; 30 (P- 1-2); 31 (p. 1-2) February _____ _ 1 1); 3 (p. 6); 4 (p. 1-2); 6 (p. 1); 7 (p. 1); 8 (p. 1); 9 (p.7); 12 (p. 5); 13 (p.7); 14 (p. 8); 15 (p. 1, p. 3); 16 (p. l,p. 8); 17 (p. 5,p. 10); 18 (p. 5); 19 (p.7); 20 (p. 5); 21 (p. 20); 25, Sec. 4 (p. 11); 28 (p.7) March 2 (p. 3); 8 (p. 4); 9 (p. 1); 10 (p. 16); 11 (p. 9); 12 (p. 1); 13 (p. 2); 16 (p. 1); 17, Sec. 4 (p. 11); 30 (P- 7) May 6 (p. 5); 21 (p. 1); 22 (p. 13); 23 (p. 1); 25 (p. 6); 26, Sec. 4 (p. 10); 28 (p. 6); 29 (p. 6); 30 (p.7); 31 (p. 8) June 1 (p. 4); 2 (p. 11); 5 (p. 8); 6 (p. 12); 8 (p. 5); 10 K20); 12 (p. 5); 14 (p. 13); 29 (p. 3) July 2 (p. 4); 4 (p. 16); 7, Sec. 4 (p. 12); 19 (p. 3); 20 ¥77); 30 (p.7) August 1 (p. 11); 7 (p. 4); 16 (p. 10); 17 (p. 9); 18 (p. 8); 20 (p. 8); 26 (p. 3); 27 (p. 1) September 7 (p. 13); 22, Sec. 3 (p.5); 28 (p. 18) October 1 (p. 6); 2 (p. 6,p. 12); 3 (p. 9); 4 (p. 10); 5 (p-10); 6, Sec. 3 (p. 11); 8 (p.7); 9 (p. 8); 10 (p.7); 11 (p. 24); 12 (p. 8); 13 (p. 11); 14 (p. l,p. 9); 15 (p. 24); 17 (p. 13); 20, Sec. 3 (p. 6); 22 (p. 17); 24 (p.7); 27 (p. 13); 31 (p.10) November 3 (p. 3); 7 (p. 8); 10 (p. 1); 11 (p. 5, p. 10); 12 (p. 10); 13 (p.7); 15 (p. 4); 16 (p. 24); 17 (p. 12); 18 (p. 10); 19 (p. 10); 20 (p. 11); 21 (p. 8, p. 12); 22 (p. 10); 23 (p. 11); 24 (p. 1); 26 (p. 9); 27 (p. 9, p. 12); 28 (p. 5); 29 (p. 8); 30 (p. 8) December 1 (p. 12); 2 (p. 3); 3 (p. 10); 4 (p.7); 5 (p. 3); 6 (p. 12); 7 (p. 11); 8, Sec. 3 (p. 20); 10 (p. 4); 11 (p. 11); 15 (p. 3); 17 (p. 3); 18 (p. 12); 19 (p. 5); 21 (p. 3); 22, Sec. 4 (p. 5); 24 (p.7); 25 (p. 5); 26 (p. 6); 27 (p. 1); 28 (p. 1); 29 (p. 1-2, p. 14); 30 (p. 2); 31 (p. 1-2) (p-

4. DARROW BRIBERY TRIALS, 1912-13 (California vs. Darrow) While Darrow was engaged in defending the McNamara Brothers for the dynamite bombing of the Los Angeles Times building, Darrow was indicted on two counts for attempted jury bribery. Bert Frank­ lin, Darrow’s chief investigator, was arrested after passing money to George Lockwood, a prospective juror in the McNamara Trial. The transaction took place in broad daylight on a busy street inter­ section at Third and Los Angeles, and within minutes the police made the arrest. Lockwood had tipped the police of the bribery at­ tempt. Darrow also appeared on the scene about the same time, having received an anonymous phone call urging him to go to Third and Los Angeles if he wanted to keep Franklin out of trouble. At the time of Franklin’s arrest, he said Darrow knew nothing of the bribe. After several weeks he changed his story,

Eight Famous Trials

147

implicated Darrow, and became a star witness for the prosecution. Several days after the bribery incident, the McNamaras’ plea was changed from not guilty to guilty. This caused some consternation, since it was generally assumed that Darrow threw the McNamara case to the prosectuion in order to save himself. In fact, however, Darrow had learned of the McNamaras’ guilt soon after taking the case, and was in the process of negotiating a plea bargaining settle­ ment for the McNamaras when the bribery incident took place.

The McNamara Trial ended with prison sentences for the two brothers. On May 5, 1912, Darrow’s first trial for bribery began with Earl Rogers as his defense attorney. Rogers was a brilliant courtroom strategist and Darrow was already well known as a spell­ binder. Between the two of them they overwhelmed the prosecution and the jury; Rogers with logic, and Darrow with emotion. The summations at this first trial have been called ’’two of the best de­ fense summations ever heard in an American court of law” (Tierney, item 1227, p. 265). The jury returned a verdict of not guilty within 34 minutes. The second trial, for the attempted bribery of another juror, Robert Bain, began in November, 1912, and ended March 8, 1913, with a hung jury. Eight of the jurors believed Darrow was guilty and held out for conviction. Since the jury could not agree, the trial ended and the prosecution subsequently dropped the charge.

It has never been definitely established whether Darrow was personally involved with the bribery, or whethei' his investigator, Bert Franklin, carried out the bribery attempts on his own initiative. 1912

1229

’’The Tragedy of Darrow. ” Mirror (St. Louis), XXI (27 June 1912), p. 3-4. Editorial on indictment of Darrow for bribery of two jurors.

1230

’’The Darrow Acquittal. ” 1912), p. 323.

1231

’’Darrow’s Triumph. ” Organized Labor (San Francisco), XIII (31 August 1912), p. 70. Acquittal of Darrow in first bribery trial.

1232

Darrow, Clarence. Plea of Clarence Darrow in His Own De­ fense to the Jury That Exonerated Him of the Charge of Bribery at Los Angeles, August, 1912. Los Angeles: Golden Press, 1912. 59 pp. Generally considered one of Darrow’s greatest speeches. It was a plea for his life and reputation after having been ac­ cused of jury bribery in the McNamara Case. Many in the courtroom (including Darrow) were in tears at the end of the speech.

Literary Digest, VL (31 August

Clarence Darrow

148

1913 1233

Darrow, Clarence. ’’Second Plea of Clarence Darrow in His Own Defense. ” Everyman (Los Angeles), IX (May 1913), p. 3-24. Summation to jury in his second trial for jury bribery.

1931 1234

Steffens, Lincoln. Autobiography of Lincoln Steffens, by Lincoln Steffens. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1931, p. 658-701. Contains considerable eyewitness material on Darrow, the bribery trial, and the McNamara Trial.

1934

1235

Cohn, Alfred and Joe Chisholm. Take the Witness!, by Alfred Cohn and Joe Chisholm. New York: Frederick A. Stokes Co., 1934, p. 195-225. Contains an account of the two bribery trials and the Mc­ Namara Trial. Book is a biography of Earl Rogers, attorney who defended Darrow at first bribery trial.

1956

1236

Jackson, James H. ’’Clarence Darrow’s Plea in Defense of Himself. ” Western Speech, XX (Fall 1956), p. 185-95. Analysis of Darrow’s speech to jury.

1237

Darrow, Clarence. The Darrow Bribery Trial, with Back­ ground Facts of McNamara Case and Including Darrow’s Ad­ dress to the Jury. Edited by Patrick H. Ford. Whittier, CA.: Western Printing Co., 1956. 61 pp. 1957

1238

Darrow, Clarence. ’’They Tried to Get Me. In Attorney for the Damned. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 491-531. Excerpts from Darrow’s speech to the jury.

1959 1239

’’Trial of Clarence Darrow. ” New York University Intramural Law Review, XIV (May 1959), p. 206+.

1240

Baillie, Hugh. ’’Rogers and Darrow. ” In High Tension; the Recollections of Hugh Baillie. New York: Harper, 1959,

Eight Famous Trials

149

p. 10-27. Profiles of Darrow and Earl Rogers, attorney for Darrow in bribery trial. Baillie was a reporter and onetime head of United Press. Baillie gives an uncomplimentary account of Darrow, and believed him guilty of bribery. 1960 1241

Giesler, Jerry. ’’Defending Darrow.” In The Jerry Giesler Story, by Jerry Giesler as told to Pete Martin. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1960, p. 285-88. Account of both bribery trials by junior attorney who as­ sisted at both trials. 1962

1242

St. Johns, Adella Rogers. Final Verdict, by Adella Rogers St. Johns. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1962, p. 367458. An uncomplimentary and candid assessment of Darrow and his behavior during his bribery trial. Final Verdict is a biography of Earl Rogers, father of the author. 1969

1243

Robinson, William W. Bombs and Bribery; the Story of the McNamara and Darrow Trials Following the Dynamiting in 1910 of the Los Angeles Times Building. Famous California Trials, no. 9. Los Angeles: Dawson’s Book Shop, 1969. 52 pp. Limited edition of 300 copies printed.

1970

1244

Darrow, Clarence. ”To the Jury: Self Defense, August 1415, 1912. ” In Great American Speeches, 1898-1963, Text and Studies, by John Graham. New York: Appleton-CenturyCrofts, 1970, p. 31-35. Excerpt of Darrow’s speech to the jury.

1971 1245

Meissel, Richard A. ’’The Rhetoric of Legal Self-Defense: The Socrates-More-Darrow Analog. ” Master’s thesis, Queens College, 1971. Comparison of three self defense speeches.

Clarence Darrow

150 1979 1246

Tierney, Kevin. "Pretty Near Done. ’’ In Darrow: A Biography, by Kevin Tierney. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1979, p. 252-75. An account of Darrow’s two bribery trials.

The following are references to reports of Darrow’s two bribery trials appearing in the New York Times. 1247

1911

December 12 (p. 3); 25 (p. 8)

1912

January 28 (p. 6); 30 (p. 1 Grand Jury indictment); 31 (p. 1) February 4 (p. 1); 28 (p. 7) March 2 (p. 3); 8 (p. 4); 10 (p. 16); 13 (p. 2) May 6 (p. 5); 21 (p.l); 22 (p. 13); 23 (p.l); 25 (p. 6); 26, (Sec. 4 (p. 10); 28 (p. 6); 29 (p. 6); 30 (p. 7); 31 (p. 8) June 1 (p. 4); 2 (p. 11); 5 (p. 8); 8 (p. 5); 12 (p. 5) July 7, Sec. 4 (p. 12); 20 (p. 7); 30 (p. 7 Darrow takes witness stand) August 16 (p. 10 Darrow’s summation speech); 17 (p. 9) ; 18 (p. 8 First trial ends; Darrow acquitted); 20 (p. 8); 26 (p.3); 27 (p.l)

1913

March 9 (p. 12 Second trial ends; hung jury) December 21, Sec. 2 (p. 2 Second count dismissed)

5. LEOPOLD-LOEB MURDER CASE (Illinois vs. Leopold-Loeb, 1924) Richard Loeb and Nathan Leopold were sons of two prominent and wealthy families in Chicago. Loeb, whose father was a vice-presi­ dent of Sears, Roebuck Co. , had just graduated from the University of Michigan at the age of 18. Leopold, 19, had graduated from Uni­ versity of Chicago and was enrolled in its Law School. Both young men were brilliant students, and, as an intellectual exercise, planned to commit the perfect crime.

On the afternoon of May 21, 1924, they drove around their fashionable neighborhood in a rented car, looking for a likely victim. They spotted Bobby Franks, a 14 year old neighbor boy just as he was leaving his schoolyard. They offered him a ride, and once in­ side the car, Loeb bludgeoned the boy to death with a chisel. After driving around the city for a while, Leopold and Loeb dumped the body in a roadside culvert outside the city. To complete the perfect crime, they telephoned Franks’ parents, telling them their boy was unharmed, and demanded $10,000 ransom payment. Within a few days the body of Bobby Franks was discovered, and nearby, a pair of eyeglasses. The eyeglasses were traced to

Eight Famous Trials

151

Nathan Leopold. Within 10 days of the kidnapping-murder, both Leopold and Loeb confessed to the grisly crime. Darrow was en­ gaged to defend the young men, and trial began on July 21, 1924, with Judge John R. Caverly presiding.

Public opinion was inflamed at this senseless murder and the cry for the death penalty was incessant. Under Illinois law, the maximum, but not mandatory, penalty for either kidnapping or murder was death. Darrow requested the trial be held without a jury and instead of a plea of not guilty by reason of insanity, he surprised everyone by admitting his clients’ guilt, and pleaded only that their lives be spared. He stated that though they were intel­ lectually brilliant, their minds were abnormal and their emotions defective. He asked that they be excluded from society, but their lives spared. Darrow’s summation was delivered to a packed house at Cook County Criminal Court. His plea for mercy speech took over two days to deliver. Several weeks later, on September 10, 1924, Judge Caverly sentenced Leopold and Loeb to prison for life plus 99 years. Richard Loeb was stabbed to death in a fight with another in­ mate on January 28, 1936. Nathan Leopold was a model prisoner, and after serving 34 years in prison, was paroled in 1958, and spent the remainder of his life as a laboratory technician in a Puerto Rico hospital, where he died in 1971.

1924 Literary Digest, LXXXII

1248

” 'Intellectual' Murder in Chicago. ” (5 July 1924).

1249

Lovett, Robert M. ’’Crime and Publicity. ” LIV (19 July 1924), p. 47-49.

1250

Blumgart, Leonard. ’’The New Psychology and the Franks Case.” Nation, CXIX (10 September 1924), p. 261-62.

1251

’’Leopold and Loeb. ” New Statesman (London), XXIII (20 September 1924), p. 668-70. (Commentary, p. 700-01).

1252

”Leopold-Loeb Decision.” 1924), p. 88-89.

1253

’’Murder Most Foul.” Outlook (New York), CXXXVIH (24 September 1924), p. 115-16.

1254

Wilson, P. W. ’’Common Sense and the Criminal Law; a Britisher Draws a Contrast Between the Methods of His Own Courts and Ours. ” Outlook (New York), CXXXVIH (24 Sep­ tember 1924), p. 121-22.

Outlook (London),

New Republic, XL (24 September

Clarence Darrow

152 1255

’’Rich and Poor Murderers. ” September 1924), p. 10-11.

1256

Kirchwey, G. W. ’’Old Law and New Understanding. ” vey, LIII (1 October 1924), p. 7-8.

1257

Salmon, Thomas W. ’’Psychiatrist’s Day in Court. ” LIII (15 October 1924), p. 74-75.

1258

’’Education and Murder. ” Literary Digest, LXXXIII (18 October 1924), p. 31-32.

1259

’’Murder As a Diversion; Europe Philosophizes on Chicago Criminals. ” Living Age (Boston), CCCXXIII (1 November 1924), p. 277-83.

1260

”Loeb-Leopold Sentence. ” World’s Work (Garden City), IL (13 November 1924), p. 12-13.

1261

’’Loeb-Leopold Murder of Franks in Chicago, May 21, 1924. ” Journal of the American Institute of Criminal Law and Crim­ inology, XV (November 1924), p. 347-405.

1262

Wigmore, John H. ”To Abolish Partisanship of Expert Wit­ nesses as Illustrated in the Loeb-Leopold Case. ” Journal of the American Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology, XV (November 1924), p. 341-43.

1263

’’Crime and Trial of Loeb and Leopold. ” Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, XIX (October 1924), p. 223-29.

1264

McKernan, Maureen, (ed. ). The Amazing Crime and Trial of Leopold and Loeb. With an introduction by Clarence Darrow and Walter Bachrach. Chicago: Plymouth Court Press, 1924, 380 pp.

1265

Darrow, Clarence. The Plea of Clarence Darrow, August 22, 23, and 25, 1924, in Defense of Richard Loeb and Nathan Leopold, Jr. , on Trial for Murder. Authorized and revised edition together with a brief summary of the facts. Chicago: R. F. Seymour, 1924. 121 pp.

1266

_______ . Attorney Clarence Darrow’s Plea for Mercy and Prosecutor Robert E. Crowe’s Demand for the Death Penalty in the Loeb-Leopold Case, the Crime of the Century. Chica­ go: Wilson Publishing Co. , 1924? 163 pp.

1267

Urstein, Maurice. Leopold and Loeb; a Psychiatric-Psycho­ logical Study. New York: Lecouver Press, 1924.

Literary Digest, LXXXII (27 SurSurvey,

1925

1268

(Commentary on Leopold-Loeb Case) Journal of the American

Eight Famous Trials

153

Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology, XV (February 1925), p. 501-08. ———

1269

’’Crime and Trial of Loeb and Leopold. ” Mental Hygiene, IX (July 1925), p. 654-60.

1270

Glueck, Sol S. ’’Some Implications of the Leopold-Loeb Hearing in Mitigation; Reply to ’Crime and Trial of Leopold and Loeb.’” Mental Hygiene, IX (July, 1925), p. 449-68.

1271

Darrow, Clarence. ’’Closing Argument for the Defense in the Leopold-Loeb Murder Trial, Criminal Court of Cook County, Chicago, August 22, 23, 25, 1924.” In Famous American Jury Speeches; Addresses Before Juries and FactFinding Tribunals. Collected and edited by Frederick C. Hicks. St. Paul: West Publishing Co., 1925, p. 992-1089.

1926 1272

Sellers, Alvin V. The Loeb-Leopold Case, With Excerpts From the Evidence of the Alienists and Including the Argu­ ments to the Court by Counsel for the People and the Defense. Brunswick, GA.: Classic Publishing Co. , 1926. 321 pp. 1928

1273

Darrow, Clarence. ’’Defense of Richard Loeb and Nathan Leopold, Jr. ” In Classified Speech Models of Eighteen Forms of Public Address. Compiled by William N. Brigance. New York: F. S. Crofts, 1928, p. 136-205.

1274

________. ”A Plea for Mercy. ” In America Speaks; a Libra­ ry of the Best Spoken Thought in Business and the Professions. Edited by Basil G. Bryon and Frederic R. Coudert. New York: Modern Eloquence Corp., 1928, p. 92-97.

1942 1275

. ’’Plea for Mercy. ” In World’s Great Speeches. Edited by Lewis Copeland. Garden City, N. Y.: Garden City Publishing Co., 1942, p. 413-16. 1943

1276

Starr, James M. ’’The Methods of Proof Used by Clarence Darrow in the Loeb-Leopold Murder Trial. ” Master’s The­ sis, University of Washington, 1943.

Clarence Darrow

154 1952

1277

"At Stateville Prison. " Time, LX (18 August 1952), p. 34. About Leopold in prison.

1278

Busch, Francis X. "The Leopold-Loeb Case. " In Priso­ ners at the Bar; An Account of the Trials of the William Haywood Case, the Sacco-Vanzetti Case, the Loeb-Leopold Case, the Bruno Hauptmann Case. Notable American Trials. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1952, p. 145-99. 1953

1279

"Freedom for Leopold?" p. 32.

Newsweek, XLI (19 January 1953),

1955 1280

Martin, John B. "Nathan Leopold's Thirty Desperate Years; Murder on His Conscience. " Saturday Evening Post, CCXXVII (2 April 1955), p. 17-19, 86-90; (9 April 1955), p. 32, 33, 65-72; (16 April 1955), p. 36, 198-202; (23 April 1955), p. 135-38.

1956

1281

Shapiro, Charles. "Crime of Our Age. " (1 December 1956), p. 482-84.

1282

Levin, Meyer. Compulsion. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1956. 495 pp. Novel based on Leopold-Loeb murder case.

Nation, CLXXXIII

1957 1283

_______ . Compulsion. London: F. Muller, 1957. British edition of novel published in 1956.

1284

"Nathan Leopold After Thirty-Two Years. March 1957), p. 61-62+.

1285

Levin, Meyer. "Leopold Should Be Freed." (May, 1957), p. 36-42.

1286

"Leopold Story. "

1287

Darrow, Clarence. "The Crime of Compulsion; Leopold and Loeb. " In Attorney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. New York: Si­

412 pp.

Life, XLII (4 Coronet, XLII

Newsweek, L (12 August 1957), p. 83.

Eight Famous Trials

155

mon & Schuster, 1957, p. 16-88. Excerpts from summation speech.

1288

McKernan, Maureen, (ed.). The Amazing Crime and Trial of Leopold and Loeb. Edited by Maureen McKernan, with an introduction by Clarence Darrow and Walter Bachrach. New York: New American Library, 1957. 300 pp.

1958 1289

"Head of a Prison Library. " Library Journal, LXXXIII (15 February 1958), p. 558-60. Excerpt from Leopold's book, Life Plus Ninety-Nine Years, published 1958.

1290

"What's in Store for Thrill Killer Leopold. " U. S. News & World Report, XLIV (28 February 1958), p. 12.

1291

"Freedom for Superman." 14.

1292

"Case of Leopold's Parole. " p. 33-34.

1293

"Long Remembered Crime. " Newsweek, LI (3 March 1958), p. 22-24.

1294

"Parole for Nathan Leopold. " America, XCVIII (8 March 1958), p. 649.

1295

"Microcosmos of Prison Life. " March 1958), p. 18-19.

1296

"To Be Forgotten?" 73.

1297

Hatch, Robert. "Uses of Adversity. " March 1958), p. 278-80.

1298

"Rehabilitation for Nathan Leopold. " (2 April 1958), p. 397.

1299

"Condemned to Life."

1300

"Case of Leopold and Loeb. " Lawyers Journal (Manila) XXIII (December 1958), p. 426+.

1301

Cassity, John H. "Two Charming Boy Killers. " In The Quality of Murder: A Psychiatric and Legal Evaluation of Motives and Responsibilities Involved in the Plea of Insanity as Revealed in Outstanding Murder Cases of This Century, by John H. Cassity. New York: Julian Press, 1958, p. 5561.

Time, LXXI (3 March 1958), p.

Life, XLIV (3 March 1958),

Saturday Review, XLI (15

Newsweek, LI (24 March 1958), p. 72Nation, CLXXXVI (29

Christian Century, LXXV

Time, LXXI (7 April 1958), p. 102+.

Clarence Darrow

156

1302

Hynd, Alan. "The Case of the Curious Cubs. ’’ In Murder, Mayhem and Mystery: An Album of American Crime, by Alan Hynd. New York: Barnes, 1958, p. 46-57. Story of the two cub reporters, James Mulroy and Alvin Goldstein, who uncovered clues leading to the arrest of Leo­ pold and Loeb. They received a Pulitzer Prize for their stories in Chicago Daily News.

1303

Leopold, Nathan F. Life Plus Ninety-Nine Years. Introduc­ tion by Erie Stanley Gardner. Garden City, N. Y.: Double­ day, 1958. 381 pp. Memoirs of crime and trial by one of the perpetrators.

1959

1304

’’Case of Leopold and Loeb. ” Lawyers Journal (Manila), XXIV (March, 1959), p. 24, 63, 99.

1305

Darrow, Clarence. ’’I Am Pleading That We Overcome Cruelty With Kindness and Hatred With Love. ’’ In A Treasu­ ry of Great American Speeches; Our Country’s Life and His­ tory in the Words of Its Great Men. Edited by Charles Hurd. New York: Hawthorn Books, 1959, p. 159-62.

1306

Levin, Meyer. Compulsion; A Play. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1959. 132 pp. Three-act play based on novel of the same name published in 1956.

1960 1307

Kunstler, William H. ’’Murder for Thrills; the State of Il­ linois Versus Richard A. Loeb and Nathan F. Leopold, Jr. ’’ In First Degree, by William Kunstler. New York: Oceana Publications, 1960, p. 74-86.

1308

Fiedler, Leslie A. ’’Leopold and Loeb; a Perspective in Time. ’’ In No! in Thunder; Essays on Myth and Literature, by Leslie A. Fiedler. Boston; Beacon Press, 1960, p. 20928. 1965

1309

Darrow, Clarence. ’’A Plea for Mercy. ’’ In Great Speeches From Pericles to Kennedy. Edited by William D. Boutwell, Wesley P. Callender, Jr., and Robert E. Gerber. New York: Scholastic Book Services, 1965, p. 178-92.

1310

_______ .. "A Plea for Mercy for Leopold and Loeb. ” In Dolphin Book of Speeches. Edited by George W. Hibbitt. New York: Dolphin Books, Doubleday, 1965, p. 88-93.

Eight Famous Trials 1311

157

Gertz, Elmer. A Handful of Clients. Chicago: Follett Pub­ lishing Co. , 1965. 379 pp. Profile of Leopold and his struggle for parole.

1967

1312

Willingham, Mary J. ”An Analysis of the Leopold-Loeb Murder Trial in Light of Clarence Darrow’s Ethos as a Persuader.” Master’s thesis, Ohio University (Athens), 1967.

1968 1313

Levin, Meyer. Compulsion. New York: New American Library, 1968. 480 pp. Republication of novel first published in 1956.

1969

1314

Clarence Darrow for the Defense; a Documentary on the Landmark Cases of a Great Trial Lawyer. Released by Torum Associates, ~1969. (Cassette) 51 Minutes. Discussion of Leopold-Loeb and Scopes Trials.

1.970

1315

Darrow, Clarence. ”1 Am Pleading That We Overcome Cruelty With Kindness and Hatred With Love. ” In A Treasu­ ry of Great American Speeches. New and rev. ed. by Charles Hurd. New York: Hawthorn Books, 1970, p. 19699.

1316

Wolfe, Don M. ’’The Leopold-Loeb Case. ” In The Image of Man in America. 2nd ed. By Don M. Wolfe. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1970, p. 287-94. Good analysis of personalities and behavior of Leopold and Loeb. 1974

1317

Leopold, Nathan F. Life Plus Ninety-Nine Years. Introduc­ tion by Erie Stanley Gardner. Westport, CT.; Greenwood Press, 1974. 381 pp. Reprint of 1958 edition. 1975

1318

Higdon, Hal.

The Crime of the Century; the Leopold-Loeb

Clarence Darrow

158

Case.

New York:

Putnam, 1975.

380 pp.

1978 1319

Majors, Randall E. ’’Clarence Darrow in Defense of Leopold and Loeb. A Case Study in Forensic Argumentation. ” Ph. D. dissertation, Indiana University, 1978. 186 pp.

1320

Kronk, Philip C. ”A Reanalysis of the Leopold-Loeb Psy­ chiatric Trial Testimony: An Object Relations Theory and Borderline State Perspective. ” Ph. D. dissertation, Universi­ ty of Tennessee, 1978. 1979

1321

Tierney, Kevin. ’’The Crime of the Century. ” In Darrow: A Biography, by Kevin Tierney. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1979, p. 320-33.

1322

. ’’The Million Dollar Defense. ” In Darrow: A Biography, by Kevin Tierney. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1979, p. 334-51.

The following are references to reports in the New York Times of the Leopold-Loeb case. 1323

1924

May 23 (p. 1); 24 (p. 1, p. 14); 25 (p. 1); 26 (p. 1); 27 TpTI); 28 (p. 1); 29 (p. 16); 30 (p. l,p. 14); 31 (p. 1); June 1 (p. 1 Confession); 2 (p. 1, p. 3); 3 (p. 1, p. 3, p. 16); T~(p. l,p. 6, p. 20); 6 (p. 1, p. 16); 7 (p. 1); 8 (p. 14); 9 (p.7); 10 (p. 20); 11 (p. 23); 12 (p. 21); 13 (p. 21); 14 (p. 15); 15 (p. 2); 16 (p.7,p. 14); 18 (p. 11); 19 (p. 23); 20 (p. 21); 21 (p. 28); 22 (p. 24); 26 (p. 21); 28 (p. 21) July 4 (p. 6); 9 (p. 17); 11 (p. 16); 16 (p. 3); 17 (p.7); 18 (p. 12); 19 (p. 4); 20 (p. 2); 22 (p. 1 Trial begins); 23 (p. 5,p. 14); 24 (p. 1); 25 (p. 1); 26 (p. 1); 27 (p. 1); 28 (p. 1); 29 (p. 1); 30 (p. 1); 31 (p. 1) August 1 (p. 1); 2 (p. 1); 3 (p. 1); 4 (p. 12,p. 15); 5 (p. 1, P-16); 6 (p. 1); 7 (p. 1); 8 (p. 1); 9 (p. 1); 10 (p. 1, p. 13); 11 (p. 15); 12 (p. 1); 13 (p. 1); 14 (p. 1, p. 9); 15 (p. 1, p. 12); 16 (p. l,p. 10); 17 (p. 10); 18 (p. 15); 19 (p. 1); 20 (p. 17); 21 (p. 15); 22 (p. 15); 23 (p. 1, Darrow's sum­ mation, p. 8); 24 (p. 13 Darrow's summation); 25 (p. 15); 26 (p. 1 Darrow's summation); 27 (p. 19); 28 (p. 16, p. 19); 29 (p. 1); 30 (p. 8-9); 31 (p. 12) September 1 (p. 1, p. 12): 2 (p. 21); 4 (p. 22); 5 (p. 9); 6 (p. 14); 7, Sec. 8 (p. 3); Sec. 9 (p. 8); 9 (p. 23); 10 (p. 1); 11 (p. 1, p. 22 Leopold and Loeb sentenced); 12 (p. l,p.2O); 13 (p. 8,p. 12); 14 (p. 21); 15 (p. 16, p. 20); 16 (p. 8); 18 (p. 25); 19 (p. 21-22); 22 (p. 21)

Eight Famous Trials

159

October 2 (p. 26); 4 (p. 3); 8 (p. 21); 20 (p. 14, p. 18); 21 (p. 6); 28£ (p.l); 29 (p. 23) November 13 (p. 17); 19 (p. 12); 27 (p. 21) December 30 (p. 19)

1925

January 9 (p. 1); 10 (p. 12) March 5 (p. 7) April 9 (p. 24); 10 (p. 10); 27 (p. 19) May 3, Sec. 9 (p. 11); 26 (p. 9) June 6 (p.l); 7 (p.l); 8 (p. 3) September 1 (p. 14); 12 (p. 25)

1926

August 15, Sec. 8 (p. 5); 27 (p. 7) September 1 (p. 5); 2 (p. 12) November 13 (p. 11); 19 (p. 10); 21 (p. 18); 23 (p. 31)

1927

January 5 (p. 7); 6 (p. 18); 7 (p. 19); 8 (p. 12) June 3 (p. 21)

1928

April 20 (p. 25)

1929

September 18 (p. 31)

1930

June 14 (p. 19)

1936

January 29 (p. 1, p. 2 Loeb killed in prison fight); 30 7p. 40) ’ February 1 (p. 32); 2 (p. 26); 9, Sec. 4 (p. 12); 22 (p. March 4 (p. 9); 5 (p. 15) June 5 (p. 44); 7 (p. 36)

1949

February 19 (p. 30) April 23 (p. 11) July 24 (p. 45) September 23 (p. 14)

1953

January 4 (p. 21) May 15 (p. 11) November 20 (p. 45)

1955

March 18 (p. 22)

1956

October 28, Sec. 7 (p. 7) December 8 (p. 39)

1957

April 28, Sec. 6 (p. 64) July 9 (p. 23); 10 (p. 22); 12 (p. 45); 19 (p. 38); 31 (p.l, p. 14) August 1 (p. 21); 11 (p. 11); 31 (p. 17) November 15 (p. 13)

1958

February 21 (p. 1, p. 16 Leopold paroled)

Clarence Darrow

160

March 13 (p. 59); 14 (p. 1); 15 (p. 5); 16 (p. 21); 23, Sec. 7 (p. 12) April 8 (p. 31)

1959

August 18 (p. 11) October 3 (p. 16); 4 (p. 64)

1961

January 20 (p. 25) February 8 (p. 27 Leopold marries) March 15 (p. 79) July 12 (p. 63)

1964

November 14 (p. 20)

1968

May 20 (p. 30)

1971

August 31 (p. 36 Leopold dies)

6. SCOPES EVOLUTION TRIAL (Tennessee vs. Scopes, 1925)

In March, 1925, Tennessee passed a law forbidding the teaching of any theory that contradicted the Bible version of the story of crea­ tion.

The American Civil Liberties Union was eager to make a test of this anti-evolution law, and John T. Scopes, a teacher in the high school at Dayton, Tennessee, agreed to serve as the lawbreaker in the case. Darrow offered to serve without charge to defend Scopes, and William Jennings Bryan offered his services to the pros­ ecution. Bryan had been a candidate for President of the United States three times without success, but was acknowledged as the foremost orator of his time. He entered the case as a moral cru­ sader hoping to advance the cause of the Fundamentalist religious beliefs which he held. Darrow, on the other hand, was equally de­ termined that Bryan’s restrictive religious beliefs should not be im­ posed on a whole state. Scopes was brought to trial on July 10, 192 5, in Rhea County Court House, Dayton. Reporters from all over the world were on hand to witness the historic clash between Bryan and Darrow, reli­ gion and science. The defense had recruited many noted scientists as witnesses to testify on the theory of evolution. Judge John T. Raulston, how­ ever, ruled that such testimony was inadmissable. This virtually killed the defense case. Then, in a bizarre maneuver, the defense requested Bryan, of the prosecution, to take the stand as an expert witness on the Bible. He willingly agreed, and the result was dis­ astrous for him. Darrow’s cross examination questions to Bryan were hostile, vicious and relentless. It soon became apparent that Bryan’s knowl­

Eight Famous Trials

161

edge of the Bible was superficial and simplistic, and that his knowl­ edge of history, science, and evolution was practically nil. As a phrase at the time expressed it, Bryan was more interested "in the Rock of Ages than in the ages of rocks. " Bryan the orator was without peer, but Bryan the witness was devastated by Darrow's cruel and persistent grilling. To spare Bryan further humiliation, Judge Raulston adjourned the proceedings. Darrow requested that the Judge instruct the jury to render a guilty verdict for his client so the trial could be ended.

In a final move, Darrow outmaneuvered the prosecution fur­ ther when he relinquished his right to give a summation speech, thereby also preventing the prosecution, especially Bryan, from de­ livering a final speech to the jury. The trial ended on July 21, 1925, with Scopes declared guilty and fined $100. On appeal, the guilty verdict was reversed by the Tennessee Supreme Court. It did not rule on the constitutionality of the anti-evolution law, how­ ever, and it remained on the books. Anti-evolution laws remained in effect, although largely unen­ forced, in Tennessee and a number of other states until 1968, when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that anti-evolution statutes were un­ constitutional.

1925

1324

’’Law Breaking to the Glory of God. " XLII (2 April 1925), p. 436-37.

1325

'’Educational Serfdom: Law Which Seeks to Prohibit the Teaching of Evolution. " Outlook (New York), CXXXIX (8 April 1925), p. 524-25.

1326

"No Monkeying With Evolution in Tennessee. " gest, LXXXV (18 April 1925), p. 30-31.

1327

Jordan, Royce. "Tennessee Goes Fundamentalist. " public, XLII (29 April 1925), p. 258-60.

1328

"Evolution Case in Tennessee and Mr. W. J. Bryan. " School and Society, XXI (23 May 1925), p. 616-17.

1329

"Freedom in the Mountains; Tennessee’s Anti-Evolution Law. " Outlook (New York), CXL (27 May 192 5), p. 131-32.

1330

"Battle of Tennessee." Nation, CXX (27 May 1925), p. 58990.

1331

"Teaching Science in Tennessee: Editorials. " ciety, XXI (30 May 1925), p. 655-56.

1332

"What May a Teacher Teach?" June 1925), p. 173.

Christian Century,

Literary Di­ New Re­

School and So-

Outlook (New York), CXL (3

Clarence Darrow

162 1333

"Tennessee's Coming Battle on Evolution. " LXXXV (6 June 1925), p. 36-37.

1334

"Established Church in Tennessee. " (11 June 1925), p. 756-57.

1335

Milton, George F. "Testing the Monkey Bill; Tennessee's Anti-Evolution Law and Personal Liberty. " Independent (New York), CXIV (12 June 1925), p. 659-61.

1336

"Fundamentalism at Law. " June 1925), p. 1039-40.

1337

"Galileo of Tennessee. " June 1925), p. 304-05.

1338

"Saving the Bible by Legislation. " (June 1925), p. 221-25.

1339

Mencken, Henry L. 1925), p. 21-22.

1340

Puckette, Charles M. "The Evolution Arena at Dayton. " New York Times Magazine, 5 July 192 5, p. 1, 22.

1341

Hollister, Howard K. "In Dayton, Tennessee. " CXXI (8 July 1925), p. 61-62.

1342

"Tennessee and the Constitution. " New Republic, XLIII (8 July 1925), p. 166-67.

1343

"Tennessee vs. Truth."

1344

"Evolution and Intellectual Freedom; Symposium. " Nature (London), CXVI (11 July 1925), p. 69-83.

1345

"Anti-Evolution Trial in Tennessee. " XXII (11 July 1925), p. 36.

1346

"Thought Free, or in Chains?" (11 July 1925), p. 44-45.

1347

Krutch, Joseph W. "Tennessee: Where Cowards Rule. " Nation, CXXI (15 July 1925), p. 88-89.

1348

Merritt, D. "Theatrical Performance at Dayton. " (New York), CXL (15 July 1925), p. 390-92.

1349

"Anti-Evolution Trial in Tennessee. " Science, LXII (17 July 1925), p. 52.

1350

Osborn, Henry F. "Evolution and Education in the Tennessee Trial." Science, LXII (17 July 1925), p. 43-45.

Literary Digest,

Christian Century, XLII

Spectator (London), CXXXIV (27

New Statesman (London), XXV (27

Religious Education, XX

"In Tennessee. " Nation, CXXI (1 July

Nation,

Nation, CXXI (8 July 1925), p. 58.

School and Society,

School and Society, XXH

Outlook

Eight Famous Trials

163

1351

"Delirium in Dayton. " 192 5), p. 94-95.

1352

"Evolution and Intellectual Freedom; Symposium. " (London), CXVI (18 July 1925), p. 102-05.

1353

Parks, Leighton. "Fundamentalist Trial in America. " Spectator (London), CXXXV (18 July 1925), p. 101-02.

1354

Shepherd, William G. "Monkey Business in Tennessee. " Collier's, LXXVI (18 July 1925), p. 8-9. *

1355

"Tennessee Anti-Evolution Law; Resolution Adopted by the American Federation of Teachers. " School and Society, XXII (18 July 1925), p. 74-75.

1356

"Thoughts on Monkeys. " July 1925), p. 382.

1357

Tilby, A. Wyatt. "Tennessee Turns Turtle. " Outlook (Lon­ don), LVI (18 July 1925), p. 37-38.

1358

Hartt, Rollin L. "What Lies Beyond Dayton. " Nation, CXXI (22 July 1925), p. 111-12.

1359

"Europe and Tennessee. " Outlook (New York), CXL (22 July , 1925) p. 416-17.

1360

Krutch, Joseph W. "Tennessee's Dilemma. " (22 July 1925), p. 110.

1361

Merritt, D. "Smoldering Fires. " (22 July 1925), p. 421-22.

1362

"Tennessee vs. Civilization. " 1925), p. 220-22.

1363

Williams, Michael. "At Dayton, Tennessee. " II (22 July 1925), p. 262-65.

1364

"Dayton's Amazing Trial. " 1925), p. 5-7.

Spectator (London) CXXXV (18 July Nature

New Statesman (London), XXV (18

Nation, CXXI

Outlook (New York), CXL

New Republic, XLIII (22 July Commonweal,

Literary Digest, LXXXVI (25 July

1365

"Foreign Amazement at Tennessee. " .(25 July 1925), p. 18-19.

1366

Page, Arthur W. "Meaning of the Dayton Trial. " (London), CXXXV (25 July 1925), p. 134-35.

1367

"Scopes Trial. " Independent (New York), CXV (25 July 1925), p. 85-86.

1368

"The Great Trial."

Literary Digest,

Spectator

Time, II (27 July 1925), p. 15.

Clarence Darrow

164

New Republic, XLIII (29 July

1369

"Baiting of Judge Raulston. " 1925), p. 249-50.

1370

Kent, Frank R. "On the Dayton Firing Line. " New Republic, XLIII (29 July 1925), p. 259-60.

1271

Krutch, Joseph W. "Darrow vs. Bryan. " Nation, CXXI (29 July 1925), p. 136-37.

1372

Kent, Frank R. "What Dayton Thinks." XLIII (29 July 1925), p. 288+.

1373

Lilienthal, David E. "Tennessee Case and State Autonomy. " Outlook (New York), CXL (29 July 1929), p. 453-54.

1374

Sumner, Allene. "The Holy Rollers on Shinbone Ridge. " Nation, CXXI (29 July 1925), p. 137-38.

1375

Williams, Michael. "Sunday in Dayton. " (29 July 1925), p. 285-88.

1376

"Amateur Dramatics at Dayton. " Christian Century, XLII (30 July 1925), p. 969-70.

1377

"John T. Scopes Scholarship Fund. ” 1925), p. 105.

1378

"Monkey Business. "

1379

Milton, George F. "Can Minds Be Closed By Statute?" World's Work, L (July 1925), p. 323-28.

1380

Pezet, Washington. "Inquisition in Tennessee. " LXXIV (July 1925), p. 159-60.

1381

"Religious Press on the Teaching of Evolution. " Review of Reviews (New York), LXXI (July 1925), p. 97-98.

1382

"Darwin Contre la Bible. " L'Illustration (Paris), LXXXIII Part 2, (1 August 1925), p. 120.

1383

"Conviction of John Thomas Scopes, Science Teacher. " School and Society, XXII (1 August 1925), p. 138.

1384

"Evolution and Intellectual Freedom; Symposium. " (London), CXVI (1 August 1925), p. 172.

1385

"Larger Aspects of the Dayton Trial. " LXXXVI (1 August 1925), p. 9-11.

1386

"Dayton, and After." Nation, CXXI (5 August 1925), p. 15556.

Commonweal,

Commonweal, II

Science, LXII (31 July

Nation, CXXI (31 July 1925), p. 118.

Forum,

Nature

Literary Digest,

Eight Famous Trials

165

1387

Hays, Arthur G. "Strategy of the Scopes Defense. " Nation, CXXI (5 August 1925), p. 157-58. Hays was co-counsel for the defense with Darrow.

1388

"Tennessee vs. Truth; Discussion. " Nation, CXXI (5 August 1925), p. 167-69.

1389

Williams, Michael. "Summing-up at Dayton. " Commonweal, II (5 August 1925), p. 304+.

1390

Davis, W. "Scientific Men and the Defense of Mr. Scopes. " Science, LXII (7 August 1925), p. 130.

1391

"Dayton Battle May Have Been Bryan's Doom. " Digest, LXXXVI (8 August 1925), p. 42-46.

1392

"Dayton Monkey Business August 1925), p. 381-82.

1393

’’Conduct of the Scopes Trial. ” August 1925), p. 331-33.

1394

Milton, George F. ’’Dayton Postscript. ” CXL (19 August 1925), p. 550-52.

1395

’’Tennessee Evolution Law in the Federal Courts. ” (New York), CXL (19 August 1925), p. 541.

1396

’’Evolution and Intellectual Freedom; Symposium. ” (London), CXVI (22 August 1925), p. 284.

1397

’’Evolution Trial: Some Facts and Opinions. ” LXXIV (August 1925), p. 320.

1398

Fort, John P. ’’Behind the Scenes in Tennessee. ” LXXIV (August 1925), p. 258-65.

1399

Scopes, John T. ’’Understanding Through Conflict. ” LXXIV (August 1925), p. xxv+.

1400

’’What Is at Stake in the Evolution Trial?” (August 1925), p. 46.

1401

Catellani, Enrico. ”11 Processo di Dayton e la Liberta di Pensiero. ” Nuova Antologia (Rome), CCXLin (1 September 1925), p. 63-76.

1402

’’Evolution and Intellectual Freedom; Symposium. ” Nature (London), CXVI (5 September 1925), p. 358.

1403

Thone, Frank. ’’Scopes Scholarship Fund. ” (25 September 1925), p. 282.

!!

Literary

Living Age, CCCXXVI (15 New Republic, XLIII (19

Outlook (New York), Outlook

Nature

Forum,

Forum,

Forum,

Sunset, LV

Science, LXII

Clarence Darrow

166

1404

Buchanan, Walter D. ’’Significance of the Scopes Trial; From the Standpoint of Fundamentalism. ” Current History, XXII (September 1925), p. 883-88.

1405

Metcalf, M. M. and others. ’’Evidences for Evolution; Statements Prepared for the Defense Counsel, State of Ten­ Scientific Monthly, XXI (Sepnessee vs. John T. Scopes, tember 1925), p. 291-328.

1406

Odum, Howard W. ’’Duel to the Death. ” (September 1925), p. 189-94.

1407

Owen, Russell. ’’Significance of the Scopes Trial; Issues and Personalities. ” Current History, XXU (September 1925), p. 875-82.

1408

Payne, George H. ’’Speaking As an Episcopalian. LXXIV (September 1925), p. 425-29.

1409

ContemRatcliffe, S. K. ’’America and Fundamentalism. porary Review (N. Y.), CXXVIII (September 1925), p. 28895.

1410

’’Religion and Science in Tennessee. ” XV (September 1925), p. 732-48.

1411

Rice, Edward L. ’’Significance of the Scopes Trial; From the Standpoint of Science. ” Current History, XXII (Septem ber 1925), p. 889-95.

1412

Malone, Dudley F. ’’Reply to Mr. Bryan’s Last Speech: Excerpts. ” Literary Digest, LXXXVII (10 October 1925), p. 31-32. Malone was co-counsel with Darrow and Hays.

1413

McGeehan, William O. "Why Pick on Dayton?" Monthly, CLI (October 1925), p. 623-27.

1414

’’Evolution, the Court and the Church. ” XXI (December 1925), p. 669-70.

1415

Bryan, William Jennings. Bryan’s Last Speech; Undelivered Speech to the Jury in the Scopes Trial. Oklahoma City: Sunlight Publishing Co., 1925. 47 pp.

1416

Allen, Leslie H. , (ed.) Bryan and Darrow at Dayton; the Record and Documents of the ’Bible-Evolution’ Trial. New York: A. Lee, 1925. 218 pp.

1417

Keebler, Robert S. The Tennessee Evolution Case. phis: Davis Printing Co., 1925.

1418

Record of the Proceedings of the State of Tennessee vs. John

Social Forces, IV

Forum,

Round Table (London),

Harper’s

Scientific Monthly,

Mem­

Eight Famous Trials

167

Thomas Scopes, Circuit Court, Rhea County, Beginning July 10, 1925, Dayton, Tennessee. Chicago: Maclaskey & Maclaskey, Shorthand Reporting, 1925? Transcript of the trial.

1419

(Scopes, John T., Defendant) The World's Most Famous Court Trial; Tennessee Evolution Case; A Complete Steno­ graphic Report of the Famous Court Test of the Tennessee Anti-Evolution Act, at Dayton, July 10 to 21, 192 5, In­ cluding Speeches and Arguments of Attorneys. Cincinnati: National Book Co., 1925. 339 pp. Complete transcript of the trial.

1926 1420

"Anti-Evolution Law in Tennessee. " Science, LXIII (9 April , 1926) p. 12-14, supplement.

1421

"Scopes Fund. "

1422

Osborn, Henry F. "Tennessee Trial. " In Evolution and Re­ ligion in Education; Polemics of the Fundamentalist Contro­ versy of 1922 to 1926, by Henry F. Osborn. New York: Scribner's Sons, 1926, p. 113-31.

1423

Strong, Charles H. John Thomas Scopes, Plaintiff-in-Error, Against State of Tennessee, Defendant-in-Error. Printed Argument on Behalf of Plaintiff-in-Error Offered by Unitarian Laymen's League as Amicus Curiae. New York: n. p. 1926. 55 pp. Appeal brief submitted with Scopes appeal.

1424

Waller, William. John Thomas Scopes, Plaintiff-in-Error, vs. State of Tennessee, Defendant-in-Error. Brief and Ar­ gument of the Tennessee Academy of Science as Amicus Curiae. Nashville, TN.: Baird-Ward, 1926? 166 pp. Appeal brief submitted with Scopes appeal to Tennessee Supreme Court.

New Republic, XLVII (9 June 1926), p. 91.

1927 1425

"Tennessee Anti-Evolution Law Upheld by Supreme Court of Tennessee. " Science, LXV (21 January 1927), p. 57.

1426

"Scopes Trial and the Tennessee Law. " XXV (22 January 1927), p. 113-14.

1427

"A Country Trick, and a City Blunder. " Outlook (New York), CVL (26 January 1927), p. 108.

1428

"End of the Scopes Case. " ary 1927), p. 14-15.

School and Society,

Literary Digest, XCII (5 Febru­

Clarence Darrow

168

1429

’’Anti-Evolution Statute of Tennessee. ” Science, LXV (4 February 1927), p. 14, supplement.

1430

’’Nullification in Tennessee. ” , 1927) p. 161.

1431

Carpenter, Charles E. ’’Constitutionality of the Tennessee Anti-Evolution Law. ” American Law Review, LXI (March 1927), p. 276-93.

1432

’’Anti-Evolution Statute of Tennessee. ” Scientific American, CXXXVI (April 1927), p. 136.

1433

Haldeman-Julius, Marcet. Clarence Darrow’s Two Great Trials; Reports of the Scopes Anti-Evolution Case and the Dr. Sweet Negro Trial. Big Blue Book no. B-29. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co., 1927. 74 pp.

Nation, CXXIV (16 February

1928

1434

Fort, John P. ’’Behind the Scenes in Tennessee. ” In Readings in Public Opinion: Its Formation and Control. Edited by W. Brooke Graves. New York: D. Appleton, 1928, p. 210-15. Reprint of article originally published in Forum, August 1925.

1435

Hays, Arthur G. Let Freedom Ring. New York: Boni & Liveright, 1928. 341 pp. Hays was co-counsel with Darrow in Scopes Trial. Con­ tains an account of the trial.

1436

Lippmann, Walter. American Inquisitors; a Commentary on Dayton and Chicago. Barb our-Page Lectures, University of Virginia, 1928. New York: Macmillan, 1928. 120 pp.

1437

Williams, Michael. ’’Dayton, Tennessee. ” In Catholicism and the Modern Mind, by Michael Williams. New York: Dial Press, 1928, p. 171-94.

1929 1438

Armstrong, Orland K. ’’Bootleg Science in Tennessee. ” North American Review, CCXXVII (February 1929), p. 13842.

1930 1439

Addams, Jane. ’’Education by the Current Event. ” LXIV (1 September 1930), p. 461-64.

Survey,

Eight Famous Trials

169 1931

1440

’’Repeal of the Tennessee Anti-Evolution Law. ” LXXIII (27 March 1931), p. 12, supplement.

1441

’’Tennessee Sticks to Genesis. ” July 1931), p. 21-22.

1442

”Why the Monkey Law Still Stands. ” (29 August 1931), p. 18.

Science,

Literary Digest, CX (11 Literary Digest, CX

1935 1443

’’Evolution Unproven; Tennessee House Votes 67 to 20 For the Anti-evolution Law. ” Literary Digest, CXIX (2 March 1935), p. 22.

1444

’’Tennessee Votes to Keep Monkey State Title. ” Newsweek, V (2 March 1935), p. 8.

1445

Potter, Charles F. ’’Ten Years After the Monkey Show I’m Going Back to Dayton. ” Liberty, XII (28 September 1935), p. 36-38.

1936 1446

Anderson, Paul Y. ”Sad Death of a Hero. ” American Mer­ cury, XXXVII (March 1936), p. 293-301. On Bryan’s cross examination by Darrow.

1447

”Sad Death of a Hero. ” Readers’ Digest, XXIX (August 1936), p. 16-20. Condensation of previous article.

1448

Thompson, Samuel H. ’’Tennessee After Eleven Years. ” Hibbert Journal (London), XXXV (October 1936), p. 121-28. 1937

1449

Hays, Arthur G. Let Freedom Ring. New and rev. ed. New York: Liveright, 1937. 475 pp. New edition of book published in 1928. Hays was co­ counsel with Darrow in Scopes trial. 1943

1450

Richardson, R. and M. Richardson. ’’Whatever Became of ...” Saturday Evening Post, CCXVI (9 October 1943), p. 80.

Clarence Darrow

170

1946 1451

Owen, Russell. "From Monkey Trial to Atomic Age. " York Times Magazine, 21 July 1946, p. 17, 37-38. Changes in Tennessee from 1925 to 1946.

New

1947 1452

Chicago Tribune. "As Expected, Bryan Wins. " In A Cen­ tury of Tribune Editorials, 1847-1947. Chicago: Chicago Tribune, 1947, p. 95-97.

1948

1453

Mencken, Henry L. "The Baltimore Nonpareil. " In Star Reporters and 34 of Their Stories. Collected, with notes and an introduction by Ward Greene. New York: Random House, 1948, p. 226-55. Five of Mencken’s dispatches to the Baltimore Sun news­ paper on the Scopes Trial. Articles are typical Mencken, humorous and sarcastic.

1949 1454

McGeehan, William O. "Monkey Business in Tennessee. " In Treasury of Great Reporting; "Literature Under Pressure" From the Sixteenth Century to Our Own Time. Edited by Louis L. Snyder and Richard B. Morris. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1949, p. 433-38.

1455

Mencken, Henry L. "Deep in the Coca-Cola Belt. " In Treasury of Great Reporting; "Literature Under Pressure" From the Sixteenth Century to Our Own Time. Edited by Louis L. Snyder and Richard B. Morris. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1949, p. 428-33. 1950

1456

"Headliners in the 1920’s. " Life, XXVIII (2 January 1950), p. 52. Includes principals in Scopes Trial.

1457

Likely, Wadsworth. "Evolution Trial Relived. " Science Newsletter, LVII (29 April 1950), p. 266-67.

1458

Bailey, Kenneth K. "Enactment of Tennessee’s Antievolution Law. ’’ Journal of Southern History, XVI (November 1950), p. 472-90.

Eight Famous Trials

1459

171

Darrow, Clarence. "Clarence Darrow. " In We Speak For Ourselves; a Self-Portrait of America. Edited with an intro­ duction by Irving Stone, with Richard Kennedy. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1950, p. 344-53. Account of Scopes Trial taken from Darrow’s autobiography, The Story of My Life.

1951 1460

Potter, Charles F. "The Scopes Evolution Trial. " In The Preacher and I: An Autobiography. New York: Crown Publishers, 1951, p. 258-93. Comprehensive account of Potter’s participation at the Scopes Trial as a Bible expert for the defense. Rev. Potter was a liberal Unitarian minister whose religious views con­ trasted sharply with Bryan’s. 1952

1461

Fordham, Edward W. "Darrow vs. Bryan. " In Notable Crossexaminations, by E. W. Fordham. New York: Mac­ millan, 1952, p. 144-50.

1953 1462

Weaver, Richard M. "Dialectic and Rhetoric at Dayton, Tennessee. " In Ethics of Rhetoric, by Richard M. Weaver. Chicago: Henry Regnery, 1953, p. 27-54. Analysis of rhetoric at Scopes Trial.

1955 Life, XXXVIII (9 May 1955), p. 119-20.

1463

"Scopes Retrial. "

1464

"Scopes Anniversary. "

1465

Hoffman, Frederick J. "Affair of Dayton, Tennessee. " In The Twenties; American Writing in the Postwar Decade, by Frederick J. Hoffman. New York: Viking Press, 1955, p. 271-77.

1466

Lawrence, Jerome and Robert E. Lee. Inherit the Wind. New York: Random House, 1955. 162 pp. Three-act play based on Scopes Trial.

1467

"Inherit the Wind. " In The Best Plays of 19541955. Edited by Burns Mantle. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1955, p. 313-38. (Condensed version)

Science, CXXII (1 July 1955), p. 23.

Clarence Darrow

172

1956 1468

Curtis, Winterton C. Fundamentalism vs. Evolution at Day­ ton, Tennessee; Abstracts From the Autobiographical Notes of Winterton C. Curtis, n. p. 1956. 64 pp. Author served as a witness at Scopes Trial.

1957 1469

Darrow, Clarence. ’’You Can’t Teach That! The Scopes Evolution Case. ” In Attorney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 174-228.

1470

Kluger, Pearl. ’’New Light on the Scopes Trial. ” thesis, Columbia University, 1957.

Master’s

1958 1471

Ginger, Ray. Six Days or Forever? Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes. Boston: Beacon Press, 1958. 258 pp.

1472

Shine, Howard L. ”A Critical Analysis of the Persuasive Techniques of Clarence Darrow in the Trial of John T. Scopes. ” Master’s thesis, Bowling Green State University, 1958. 1959

1473

Cole, Fay-Cooper. ’’Witness at the Scopes Trial. ” Scientific American, CC (January 1959), p. 120-30. Dr. Cole was a scientist who served as a witness at Scopes Trial. Numerous photos.

1960

1474

Conway, James P. ’’Invention in Clarence Darrow’s Defense of John T. Scopes. ” Master’s thesis, State University of Iowa, 1960.

1475

Grebstein, Sheldon N. (ed. ). Monkey Trial: • The State of Tennessee vs. John Thomas Scopes. Boston: Houghton-Miff lin, 1960. 221 pp. Documents and appeal in Scopes Case.

1476

Lawrence, Jerome and Robert E. Lee. Inherit the Wind. New York: Bantam Books, 1960. 115 pp. Reprint of 1955 edition.

Eight Famous Trials

173

1477

Mencken, Henry L. ’’Deep in the Coca-Cola Belt. ” In The World of Law; a Treasury of Great Writing About and in the Law--Short Stories, Plays, Essays, Accounts, Letters, Opinions, Pleas, Transcripts of Testimony--From Biblical Times to the Present. Edited by Ephraim London. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1960, Vol. 2, p. 66-74. Mencken’s dispatch to the Baltimore Sun, July 13, 1925.

1478

’’Monkey Business in Tennessee. ” In The World of Law; a Treasury of Great Writing About and in the Law--Short Stories, Plays, Essays, Accounts, Letters, Opinions, Pleas, Transcripts of Testimony--From Biblical Times to the Present. Edited by Ephraim London. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1960, Vol. 2, p. 74-81. Excerpt from report of Scopes Trial as reported by New York Times, 21 July 1925.

1479

’’The Scopes Case: a 1960 View. ” University of Chicago Law Review, XXVII (Spring 1960), p. 505-34. Essays by Harry Kalvern, Thomas I. Emerson and David Haber, Malcolm P. Sharp. 1961

1480

Scopes, John T. ’’The Trial That Rocked the Nation. ” Readers’ Digest, LXXVIII (March 1961), p. 136-44. Assessment of trial by the defendant.

1481

Johnson, Frank W. C. ’’Rhetorical Criticism of the Speaking of William Jennings Bryan and Clarence Seward Darrow at the Scopes Trial.” Ph. D. dissertation, Case Western Reserve University, 1961.

1962 1482

Christian Century. ’’Amateur Dramatics at Dayton. ” In The Christian Century Reader; Representative Articles, Editorials, and Poems Selected From More Than Fifty Years of the Christian Century. Edited by Harold E. Fey and Mar­ garet Frakes. New York: Association Press, 1962, p. 33539.

1483

Dickler, Gerald. ’’The Scopes Trial, 1925.” In Man on Trial; History-Making Trials From Socrates to Oppenheimer, by Gerald Dickler. Garden City, N. Y.”: Doubleday, 1962, p. 173-200. Includes excerpts of cross examination of Bryan.

1484

Stone, Irving. ’’Clarence Darrow for the Defense. ” In Doubleday Anthology. Edited by Bucklin Moon. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1962, p. 176-222.

Clarence Darrow

174

Reprinted from the account of the Scopes Trial in Stone’s biography, Clarence Darrow for the Defense, published 1941.

1964 1485

Grossbach, Barry L. ’’The Scopes Trial: A Turning Point in American Thought?” Ph. D. dissertation, Indiana Univer­ sity, 1964. 177 pp.

1965 1486

Brod, Donald F. ’’The Scopes Trial: A Look at Press Cov­ erage After Forty Years. ” Journalism Quarterly, XLII (Spring 1965), p. 219-26. Study of Scopes Trial coverage by the Atlanta Constitution, Chicago Tribune, and Cleveland Press.

1487

Smith, Sherwin D. ’’The Great ’Monkey Trial. ’ ” Times Magazine, 4 July 1965, p. 8, 14+. Recap of trial on 40th anniversary.

1488

’’Look of the 20’s. ” American Heritage, XVI (August 1965), p. 42-55. Photos of Darrow and Bryan at Scopes Trial.

1489

Tompkins, Jerry R. (ed. ) D-Days at Dayton; Reflections on the Scopes Trial. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1965. 173 pp.

New York

1966

1490

Franklin, Charles (Pseud, of Frank H. Usher). ’’The Mon­ key Trial. ” In World Famous Trials; the Conflict and Drama of History’s Greatest Court-Room Classics, by Charles Franklin. New York: Taplinger, 1966, p. 297-305.

1491

Tompkins, Jerry R. ’’Anti-Evolution Law Tested. ” News Letter, 1 January 1966, p. 7, 11.

Science

1967 1492

Scopes, John T. and James Presley. Center of the Storm: Memoirs of John T. Scopes. New York: Holt, Rinehart, 1967. 277 pp. Autobiography of defendant in Scopes Trial.

1493

Allen, Leslie H. (ed.). Bryan and Darrow at Dayton; the Record and Documents of the ’Bible-Evolution’ Trial. New York: Russell & Russell, 1967. 218 pp. Reprint of 1925 edition.

Eight Famous Trials

1494

175

Aymar, Brandt and Edward Sagarin. ’’John Thomas Scopes. ” In A Pictorial History of the World’s Great Trials, by Aymar Brandt and Edward Sagarin. New York: Crown Publishers, 1967.

1968

1495

De Camp, L. Sprague. The Great Monkey Trial. Garden City, N. Y.: Doubleday, 1968. 538 pp. Comprehensive and well written account of the Scopes Trial.

1969 1496

Clarence Darrow for the Defense; A Documentary on the Landmark Cases of a Great Trial Lawyer. Released by Forum Associates, 1969. (Cassette, 51 minutes). Examination of the tactics and strategy of Darrow in the Scopes Trial and the Leopold-Loeb Trial.

1497

Kaplan, Morris B. ’’The Trial of John T. Scopes. ” In Six Trials, by Robert S. Brumbaugh. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1969, p. 107-19.

1498

Lawrence, Jerome and Robert E. Lee. Inherit the Wind. New York: Bantam Books, 1969. 115 pp. Reprint of 1960 edition.

1971

1499

(Scopes, John Thomas, Defendant). The World’s Most Famous Court Trial; Tennessee Evolution Case; a Complete Stenographic Report of the Famous Court Test of the Tennessee Anti-Evolution Act, at Dayton, July 10 to 21, 192 5, Including Speeches and Arguments of Attorneys. New York: DaCapo Press, 1971. 339 pp. Reprint of 1925 edition.

1972

1500

Settle, Mary L. The Scopes Trial; the State of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes. New York: F. Watts, 1972, 121 PP-

Account of the trial written for younger readers.

1973

1501

Hostrop, Richard W.

The Scopes Trial.

United States His-

Clarence Darrow

176

tory Series. Box 393, Provo, UT.: Stem, 1973. 12 pp. Curriculum guide for use of high school teachers in dramatizing Scopes Trial.

1502

Ipsen, D. C. Eye of the Whirlwind: The Story of John Scopes. Reading, MA.: Addison-Wesley, 1973. 159 pp. Biography of Scopes and his trial written for younger readers.

1503

Michelson, Charles. ’’Darrow vs. Bryan.” In The Best in the World: A Selection of News and Feature Stories, Editorials, Humor, Poems, and Reviews From 1921 to 1928. Edited with introduction by John K. Hutchens and George Op­ penheimer. New York: Viking Press, 1973, p. 203-13. 1974

1504

Grabiner, Judith V. ’’Effects of the Scopes Trial. ” CLXXXV (September 1974), p. 832-37. Evolution battle still rages in many communities.

1505

Fleming, Alice. ’’The Monkey Trial. ” In Trials That Made Headlines, by Alice Fleming. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1974, p. 100-15. Good summary of trial.

1506

Ginger, Ray. Six Days or Forever? Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes. New York: Oxford University Press, 1974. 258 pp. Reprint of 1958 edition. Excellent account of the trial.

Science,

1975 1507

Ragsdale, William B. ’’Three Weeks in Dayton.” American Heritage, XXVI (June 1975), p. 38-41, 99-103. Account of trial by an eyewitness.

1508

Chandler, Daniel R. ’’Dialectical Enjoinment During the Scopes Trial.” Arlington, VA.: Education Document Repro­ duction Service, 1975. 19 pp. (ERIC Document #099942) A paper presented at the 60th meeting of the Speech Com­ munication Association, Chicago, December 27-30, 1974. An analysis of the Modernist-Fundamentalist controversy at the Scopes Trial.

1977

1509

Gish, Duane T. ’’The Scopes Trial in Reverse.” Humanist, XXXVII (November-December 1977), p. 50-51. Article by creationist theory advocate who says that 50

Eight Famous Trials

177

years after the Scopes Trial, only the evolutionist theory is taught, and Bible account is neglected. 1978

1510

(Scopes, John T., Defendant). The World's Most Famous Court Trial, Tennessee Evolution Case; a Word-for-Word Re­ port of the Famous Court Test of the Tennessee Anti-Evolution Act, at Dayton, July 10 to 21, 1925, Including Speeches and Arguments of Attorneys, Testimony of Noted Scientists, and Bryan's Last Speech. Reprinted with new introduction and ap­ pendix supplement. Dayton, TN.: Rhea County Historical Society, 1978. 339 pp. Appendix Supplement, 83 pp. Reprint of 1925 edition with additional documents.

1511

The Scopes Case. Wilmington, DE.: Michael Glazier, 1978. 1 Reel (Microfilm). Transcript and documents of the Scopes Trial including ap­ peal documents.

1979 1512

Tierney, Kevin. "As Old Fashioned as William Jennings Bryan. " In Darrow: A Biography, by Kevin Tierney. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1979, p. 352-61. Good background material on Scopes Trial.

1513

________. "The Trial of the Century." In Darrow: A Biog­ raphy, by Kevin Tierney. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1979, p. 362-61. Excellent account of Scopes Trial.

The following are references to reports of the Scopes Trial appear­ ing in the New York Times. 1514

1925

May 7 (p. 40); 8 (p. 18); 13 (p. 15, p. 20); 14 (p. 18); 16 Xp7T6); 17 (p. 24); 18 (p.8,p. 15); 19 (p. 23); 20 (p. 3, p.22); 22 (p. 3); 23 (p. 15); 24 (p.l), Sec. 2 (p. 6); 26 (p.l); 27 (p. 22, p.25); 28 (p. 3,p.2O); 29 (p.l); 30 (p. 2,p. 8); 31, Sec. 9 (p. 4) June 1 (p. 14); 2 (p. 22); 4 (p. 9, p. 20); 6 (p. 8); 7 (p.l), Sec. 2 (p.l), Sec. 3 (p. 4); 8 (p. 14, p. 17); 9 (p. 6); 10 (p.l); 11 (p. 1-2, p. 4); 12 (p. 3, p. 18); 13 (p.l); 14 (p.l, p. 15), Sec. 9 (p. 14); 15 (p. 14-18); 16 (p. 11, p. 20); 17 (p. 15, p. 20); 18 (p. 20); 19 (p. 18, p. 22); 20 (p. 6, p. 12); 21, Sec. 9 (p. l,p. 14); 22 (p. 1, p. 5, p. 14, p. 18); 23 (p. 45, p. 18); 24 (p. 15); 25 (p. 3); 26 (p. 2); 27 (p. 5, p. 10); 28 (p. l,p. 19), Sec. 3 (p. l,p. 4), Sec. 9 (p.l); 29 (p.l, p. 12, p. 18); 30 (p. 18, p. 44) July 3 (p. 6); 4 (p. 2, p. 10); 5 (p. 9), Sec. 2 (p. 1-2),

Clarence Darrow

178

Sec. 4 (p. 1), Sec. 8 (p. 3, p. 8); 6 (p. 2, p. 4, p. 16); 7 (p. l,p. 18); 8 (p. 1); 9 (p. 1, p. 3-4, p. 18); 10 (p. l,p. 6, p. 16 Trial begins); 11 (p. 1, p. 10); 12 (p. 1-2), Sec. 2 (p. 4, p. 6), Sec. 7 (p. 16), Sec. 8 (p. 1); 13 (p. 1, p. 4-5, p. 15-17); 14 (p. 1-2 Text of Darrow’s opening state­ ment, p. 3, p. 20); 15 (p. 1-3, p. 16); 16 (p. 1-2, p. 18); 17 (p. l,p. 3,p. 14); 18 (p. 1-2, p. 12); 19 (p. 1-2), Sec. 2 (p. 6), Sec. 8 (p. 3, p. 10); 20 (p. 1, p. 14, p. 18, p. 20); 21 (p. 1-2, p. 20); 22 (p. 1-3, p. 18 Trial ends, Scopes guilty); 23 (p. 2, p. 18, p. 33); 24 (p. 12-13); 25 (p. 10, p. 22); 26 (p. 1); 27 (p. 16); 28 (p. 2); 29 (p. 1-2 Text of Bryan’s undelivered speech, p. 8 Darrow’s reply to Bryan’s speech, p. 23); 30 (p. 4); 31 (p. 4) August 1 (p. 10); 2, Sec. 3 (p.2,p. 4), Sec. 7 (p. 4, p. 10), Sec. 8 (p. 3, p. 12); 3 (p. 8, p. 15, p. 18); 4 (p. 10, p. 23); 5 (p. 10); 7 (p. 14, p. 16); 8 (p. 2, p. 5, p. 10); 9 (p. 22), Sec. 8 (p. 12); 10 (p. 2, p. 12, p. 16); 11 (p. 8); 12 (p. 6); 13 (p. 2); 14 (p. 32); 16, Sec. 7 (p. 10); 17 (p. 7, p. 14); 18 (p. 8); 19 (p. 19); 20 (p. 10); 21 (p. 15); 26 (p. 21); 28 (p. 30); 29 (p. 11); 30, Sec. 7 (p. 12) September 3 (p. 40); 8 (p. 9); 11 (p. 7); 18 (p. 16); 20 7p. 1), Sec. 2 (p. 2); 25 (p. 9); 26 (p. 17); 29 (p. 43) October 6 (p. 29); 11 (p. 18); 12 (p. 13); 15 (p. 12); 26 (p. 21) November 1 (p. 28); 4 (p. 18); 9 (p. 18); 15, Sec. 2 (p. 1); 29, Sec. 2 (p. 9) December 9 (p. 1); 10 (p. 14); 16 (p. 24); 17 (p. 3) 1926

January 5 (p. 6); 18 (p. 2); 20 (p. 1) March 14 (p. 30) April 13 (p. 24); 16 (p. 22) May 13 (p.25) June 1 (p. 8); 2 (p. 24, p. 42) August 9 (p. 18) October 10 (p. 12); 17, Sec. 2 (p. 4) December 9 (p. 19)

1927

January 2, Sec. 7 (p. 3 Monkey Business, play by Ferenc Herczeg); 16 (p. 1); 17 (p. 16, p. 19); 18 (p. 14); 22 (p. 15); 23 (p. 19), Sec. 1 (p. 10); 26 (p. 8); 27 (p. 4); 30, Sec. 8 (p. 16) August 14, Sec. 4 (p. 3) December 27 (p. 18); 30 (p. 13)

1931

June 11 (p. 2)

1935

January 26 (p. 14); 28 (p. 14) February 16 (p. 14); 20 (p. 1); 21 (p. 18); 24, Sec. 4 (p. 6, p. 8) March 4 (p. 14)

1946

July 21, Sec. 6 (p. 17)

Eight Famous Trials

179

1951

March 14 (p. 29)

1952

September 26 (p. 21)

1955

April 5 (p. 28 Inherit the Wind, play); 17, Sec. 2 (p. 1 Play); 22 (p. 20 play), Sec. 6 (p. 17) July 10 (p. 28)

1957

April 28, Sec. 6 (p. 66)

1960

July 17 (p. 52)

1961

March 12, Sec. 6 (p. 72)

1965

July 4, Sec. 6 (p. 9)

1967

March 12, Sec. 7 (p. 35 Scopes’ book reviewed) April 13 (p. 45); 15 (p. 1) May 13 (p. 35); 17 (p. 49); 19 (p. 38)

1968

November 13, Sec. 4 (p. 5); 17, Sec. 4 (p. 5)

1970

April 2 (p. 22) October 23 (p. 1 Scopes dies)

1975

July 10 (p. 31, p. 58)

7. THE SWEET TRIALS (Michigan vs. Sweet), 192 5-26. In September, 1925, Dr. Ossian Sweet, a Black physician, purchased a house in Detroit, Michigan, and moved into it with his wife, baby, and two brothers. The house was in a white neighborhood, and a crowd gathered in the street in front of the house, milling around until 3:00 AM. The Sweets, fearing trouble, sat in darkness inside their home. The following day a large, menacing crowd gathered again outside the Sweet house. Dr. Sweet’s brother Otis, a dentist, to­ gether with three friends, arrived by taxi. Otis Sweet and his friends were stoned by the crowd as they entered the house. Win­ dows were broken and shots were fired from inside the house as well as by the police. One of the bullets hit and killed a white man in the crowd. The police thereupon arrested all the people in the house, including the Sweet family together with other friends and relatives who were with them inside the house. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People entered the case and engaged Darrow and Arthur Garfield Hays to defend the eleven people on murder charges. Hays was co­ counsel with Darrow the previous year at the Scopes Trial. The eleven defendants went to trial in October, 1925.

Darrow

180

Clarence Darrow

emphasized the aspect of self-defense, saying the Sweets were mere­ ly protecting themselves and their home. The prosecution, on the other hand, attempted to show there was no menacing crowd at the Sweet house. In fact, they produced so many witnesses who said there was no crowd that the witnesses alone would have made quite a crowd. The jury could not reach a verdict in the case, and Judge Frank Murphy declared a mistrial on November 27, 1925.

A second trial was held in April and May, 1926, with Henry Sweet, a brother of Dr. Sweet, as defendant. At the first trial, Henry had admitted firing a gun, but the evidence put him on the back porch at the time of the shooting. Furthermore, it could not be established that the fatal bullet actually had been fired from his gun.

The second trial ended with an acquittal for Henry Sweet, and the charges against the other ten defendants were dropped. The Sweet family, however, did not occupy their new home. Between the first and second trials someone had attempted to burn it down. The trials received wide publicity in the Negro press, but the New York Times carried only three reports of the whole affair. 1925 1515

Speedy, Nettie G. "Clarence Darrow Defends Detroit ’Riot­ ers’. " Chicago Defender, 24 October 1925, p. 3.

1516

_______ . "Darrow Starts Quiz of Jurors in Dr. Sweet’s Case." Chicago Defender, 7 November 1925, p. 1, 12.

1517

_______ . "Darrow Bares Conspiracy in Sweet Case." cago Defender, 14 November 1925, p. 1.

1518

_______ . "Crowds Wait in Line for Sensational Sweet Trial." Chicago Defender, 14 November 1925, p. 3.

1519

_______ . "Man’s House His Castle Argues Counsel for Sweet." Chicago Defender, 21 November 1925, p. 1, 4.

1520

"Sweet Jury Deadlocked. " 1925, p. 11.

1521

Speedy, Nettie G. "Not Guilty, Dr. Sweet Tells Jury. ’’ Chicago Defender, 28 November 1925, p. 1, 3.

1522

"New Trial for Negroes." 1925, p. 17.

1523

Speedy, Nettie G. "Jury Disagrees on Sweet Case Verdict. ’’ Chicago Defender, 5 December 1925, p. 1, 3.

1524

Lilienthal, David E. "Has the Negro the Right of Self­ Defense?" Nation, CXXI (23 December 1925), p. 724-25.

Chi-

New York Times, 27 November

New York Times, 28 November

Eight Famous Trials

181 1926

1525

’’Sweet Wife Tell of Detroit Case. ” January 1926, p. 3.

1526

White, Walter. ’’The Sweet Trial. ” Crisis, XXXI (January 1926), p. 125-29.

1527

’’The Sweet Case. ” 187.

1528

Speedy, Nettie G. ”Dr. Sweet’s Trial Opens. ” Defender, 24 April 1926, p. 1.

1529

________ . ’’Darrow Rips Into Stories of Policeman. ” go Defender, 1 May 1926, p. 1, 2.

1530

_______ ’’Darrow Traps Witnesses in Sweet Case. ” Chi­ cago Defender, 8 May 1926, p. 1, 4.

1531

________. ’’Sweet’s Fate in Hands of Jury. ” fender, 15 May 1926, p. 1, 3.

1532

. ’’Clarence Darrow’s Closing Plea. ” fender, 22 May 1926, p. 2.

1533

. ’’Draft Plan to Free Dr. Sweet. ” fender, 22 May 1926, p. 1.

1534

DuBois, W. E. B. 1926), p. 114.

1535

’’Clarence Darrow’s Defense of a Negro. ” Monthly, IV (July 1926).

Chicago Defender, 9

Crisis, XXXI (February 1926). p. 185,

’’The Sweet Trial, ”

Chicago

Chica­

Chicago De­

Chicago De­

Chicago De­

Crisis, XXXII (July Haldeman-Julius

1927 1536

Darrow, Clarence. Argument of Clarence Darrow in the Case of Henry Sweet. New York: National Association for the Ad­ vancement of Colored People, 1927. 36 pp. Summation at the second Sweet Trial, 1926.

1537

Haldeman-Julius, Marcet. Clarence Darrow’s Two Great Trials; Reports of the Scopes Anti-Evolution Case and the Dr. Sweet Negro Trial. Big Blue Book no. 29. Girard, KS.: Haldeman-Julius Co. , 1927. 74 pp. 1937

1538

Hays, Arthur G. Let Freedom Ring. New York: Liveright, 1937. 475 pp.

New and rev. ed.

Clarence Darrow

182

Contains accounts of Sweet Trials and Scopes Trial, by co-counsel with Darrow in these cases.

1954

1539

Darrow, Clarence. "Clarence Darrow Pleads for Justice for the Negro: T do not Believe in the Law of Hate. ’ " In A Treasury of the World’s Great Speeches, Each Speech Prefaced With Its Dramatic and Biographical Setting and Placed in Its Full Historical Perspective. Edited by Houston Peterson. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1954, p. 737-40. Excerpt of summation speech.

1957 1540

Darrow, Clarence. (Plea to the Jury) In Congressional Record. U.S. Congress. House. 85th Cong. Tst Sess. 13 June 1957, p. 9024. Excerpts of summation speech inserted by Congressman Yates, Illinois, on 100th anniversary of Darrow’s birth.

1541

"You Can’t Live There! The Sweet Case." In Attorney for the Damned, by Clarence Darrow. Edited and with notes by Arthur Weinberg. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1957, p. 229-63. Excerpts from summation of second Sweet Trial. .

1960 1542

Darrow, Clarence. "Summation in the Sweet Case. " In The World of Law; A Treasury of Great Writing About and in the Law--Short Stories, Plays, Essays, Accounts, Letters, Opinions, Pleas, Transcripts of Testimony--From Biblical Times to the Present. Edited by Ephraim London. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1960, Vol. 2, p. 346-75. Summation reprinted from Attorney for the Damned, edited by Arthur Weinberg, 1957.

1543

Fenberg, Matilda. "Clarence Darrow at His Best." Chicago Bar Record, XLI (1960), p. 460-66. ——— Account of Sweet trials and discussion of summation speech.

1965 1544

Darrow, Clarence. "Clarence Darrow Pleads for Justice for the Negro: ’I Do Not Believe in the Law of Hate’." In A Treasury of the World’s Great Speeches, Each Speech “ Prefaced With Its Dramatic and Biographical Setting and Placed and Its Full Historical Perspective. Edited by Hous ton

Eight Famous Trials

183

Peterson. Rev. and enlarged edition. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1965, p. 737-40. Summation speech previously published in 1954 edition of this volume.

1545

______ _. ’’Race Prejudice and Self-Defense: Argument in the Sweet Case. ” In Classic Speeches: Words That Shook the World. Edited by Richard Crosscup. New York: Philo­ sophical Library, 1965, p. 129-52. Excerpt of summation address.

1966

1546

Fulkerson, Raymond G. ”A Study of Clarence Darrow’s Summation Speech in the 1926 Henry Sweet Trial.” M. A. thesis, University of Illinois, 1966. 221 pp. 1968

1547

Fleming, Thomas J. ’’Take the Hatred Away and You Have Nothing Left. ” American Heritage, XX (December 1968), p. 74-80+. Account of the Sweet Case.

1970 1548

. ’’The Murder Trial of Dr. Ossian Sweet.” Ebony, XXV (October 1970), p. 106-14. Reprint of previous article from American Heritage. 1971

1549

Weinberg, Kenneth G. A Man’s Home, a Man’s Castle. York: McCall Publishing Co. , 1971. 149 pp. The only full length treatment of the Sweet Case.

New

1974

1550

Fleming, Alice. ’’The Sweet Trial. ” In Trials That Made Headlines, by Alice Fleming. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1974, p. 116-29.

1979 1551

Tierney, Kevin. ’’The Sweet Trials. ” In Darrow: A Bioggraphy, by Kevin Tierney. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1979, p. 374-85.

Clarence Darrow

184

8.

THE MASSIE TRIAL (Hawaii vs. Massie, 1932)

The Massie murder trial was the last major case in which Darrow served. He was 75 years old and in failing health, but took the case because he needed the money, and as he told friends, he had never been to Hawaii. Thomas Massie was a Naval Lieutenant stationed at Pearl Harbor. He was charged with murder along with Mrs. Granville Fortescue, his mother-in-law, and two seamen under his command. The murder victim was Joseph Kahahawai, a native Hawaiian.

The events leading up to the murder began in September, 1931. Lt. Massie and his wife Thalia attended a party at Ala Wai Inn on September 12, 1931. Thalia left the party early and started to walk home. On the way she was attacked and beaten, sustaining a broken jaw and other injuries. She also claimed she was raped, but a medical examination failed to show the usual signs of rape. Five local suspects were quickly rounded up and tried. The evi­ dence against them was inconclusive, and the jury was not able to agree on a verdict, so the suspects were released until another trial could be held.

Mrs. Granville Fortescue, Thalia’s mother, then arrived on the scene determined to see her daughter’s assailants punished. She devised a plan to kidnap one of the assailants and force a confes­ sion from him. Lt. Massie engaged two seamen to assist in the ab­ duction. They captured Joseph Kahahawai on January 8, 1932, and extracted a confession from him, whereupon one of them shot and killed him. The four (Lt. Massie, Mrs. Fortescue, and two sea­ men) were then charged with murder. Into this racially charged atmosphere Darrow and George S. Leisure arrived to defend them. The trial began on April 4, 1932, and lasted three weeks. The jury returned a verdict of manslaugh­ ter, the judge sentenced them to ten years, but the Territorial Governor commuted the sentence to one hour. They served their sentence sitting in the Governor’s mansion and were then discharged. Since the evidence against the remaining four assailants of Thalia Massie was inconclusive, the charges were dropped. Albert O. Jones, the seaman who assisted in the abduction of Kahahawai, admitted in 1966 that he was the one who actually shot Kahahawai.

1932 1552

’’Violence in Hawaii.” 1932), p. 73.

1553

’’Devils Busy in Our Pacific Paradise. ” CXII (23 January 1932), p. 3-4.

Outlook (New York), CLX (20 January Literary Digest, ”

Eight Famous Trials

185

1554

"Hoover and Honolulu. " New Statesman and Nation (London), III (23 January 1932), p. 84.

1555

"Incipient Race War in the Hawaiian Islands. " China Weekly Review (Shanghai), LIX (23 January 1932), p. 232.

1556

"Blessed Isles. " 90.

1557

"Honolulu Uproar. " p. 10.

1558

Weaver, Galen R. "Have Faith in Hawaii. " Christian Cen­ tury, XLIX (3 February 1932), p. 150-52.

1559

"Human Responsibility and Social Order. " Christian Century, XLIX (11 May 1932), p. 595-96.

1560

"Stilling the Storm in the Pacific Paradise. " Literary Digest, XCIII (14 May 1932), p. 56.

1561

"Massie Case; Issues of Fundamental Importance. " weal, XVI (18 May 1932), p. 60.

1562

"Murder. "

Nation, CXXXIV (18 May 1932), p. 559.

1563

"Murder. "

Nation, CXXXIV (29 June 1932), p. 727.

1564

Brown, Ernest F. "Massie Trial. " Current History, XXXVI (June 1932), p. 334.

1565

Fortescue, Granville (Mrs.) "The Honolulu Martyrdom. " Liberty, IX (30 June 1932), p. 5-10.

1566

________. "The Honolulu Martyrdom. " August 1932), p. 10-14.

1567

________. "The Honolulu Martyrdom. " Liberty, IX (13 August 1932), p. 12-16. Above three references are reports of the Massie Trial by one of the defendants.

1568

Darrow, Clarence. "The Massie Trial. " zine, XCII (October 1932), p. 213-18.

1569

"The Massie Trial. " In The Story of My Life, by Clarence Darrow. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1932, p. 455-83.

1570-1578

No entries.

Nation, CXXXIV (27 January 1932), p.

Literary Digest, CXII (30 January 1932),

Common­

Liberty, IX (6

Scribner's Maga­

Clarence Darrow

186

The following are references to reports of the Massie Case appear­ ing in the New York Times. 1579

1932

January 9 (p.l); 10 (p. 30-31); 11 (p. 3); 12 (p. 1, p. 3-4, p. 22); 13 (p. 1, p. 17, p. 22); 14 (p. 3, p. 20); 15 (p. 4); 16 (p. 7); 17 (p. 3), Sec. 3 (p. 8), Sec. 9 (p. 1-2); 18 (p. 34); 19 (p. 3,p.2O); 20 (p.11); 21 (p. 13); 22 (p. 14); 23 (p. 10); 24 (p. 2,p. 29); 25 (p.6); 26 (p. 4); 27 (p.l); 28 (p. 22); 29 (p. 9); 30 (p. 5); 31 (p. 15) February 1 (p. 3, p. 11); 2 (p. 2); 3 (p. 30); 6 (p. 18); 8 (p.l); 9 (p. 10); 12 (p. 7); 18 (p. 24); 21 (p. 14); 24 (p. 11); 26 (p. 10); 27 (p. 3); 28 (p. 5); 29 (p. 6) March 1 (p. 7); 2 (p. 9); 6 (p. 6); 10 (p. 10); 16 (p. 14); 18 (p. 19); 19 (p. 5); 20 (p. 21); 26 (p. 9); 27 (p. 25) April 1 (p. 5); 2 (p. 18); 4 (p.l); 5 (p. l,p. 3 Massie Trial begins); 6(p. 3, p. 18); 7 (p. 3); 8 (p. 4); 9 (p. 3); 12 (p. 3); 13 (p. 3); 14 (p. 5); 15 (p.l); 16 (p. 3); 17 (p.l); 18 (p. 5); 20 (p.l); 21 (p. 1, p. 10); 22 (p. 3); 23 (p. 5); 24 (p.l); 25 (p. 3); 26 (p. 3); 27 (p. 2); 28 (p.l Excerpts of summation speech); 29 (p.l); 30 (p.l Trial ends) May 1 (p. l,p. 18); 2 (p. 1-2, p. 15); 3 (p. l,p. 9); 4 (p. 9); 5 (p. 1); 6 (p.l); 7 (p. 4); 8 (p. 3); 9 (p.l); 10 (p. 4); 19 (p. 5); 22 (p. 23-24); 24 (p. 15); 26 (p. 2) June 12, Sec. 2 (p. 1) July 31 (p. 21) August 14, Sec. 10 (p. 14), Sec. 11 (p. 14) September 10 (p. 16); 11 (p. 6) October 3 (p. 12); 4 (p. 11); 5 (p. 26)

1933

February 11 (p. 8); 14 (p. 8); 15 (p. 44); 16 (p. 3); 17 (p. 25); 18 (p. 7) June 20 (p. 6)

1934

January 7 (p. 7); 11 (p. 3) February 24 (p. 30); 25 (p. 22) March 25 (p. 22, p. 25) April 7 (p. 8); 9 (p. 12) May 9 (p. 4); 22 (p. 3); 23 (p. 11)

VI. LOCATIONS OF DARROW LETTERS AND PAPERS

Darrow carried on an active correspondence with a number of promi­ nent personalities during his lifetime. More than 375 letters written by him have been preserved and are held in the manuscript depart­ ments of some 50 libraries throughout the country.

The information in this section was compiled from three sources: (1) personal examination of selected collections, (2) corres pondence with individual libraries, (3) listings in J. Albert Robbins, American Literary Manuscripts. Athens, GA.: University of Geor­ gia Press, 1977, and National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections. Washington, D. C.: Library of Congress (publisher varies), 1959-75. The listing below shows the libraries holding Darrow letters and papers. The column headed ’’Other Darrow Papers” indicates manuscripts, correspondence, or other Darrow material. An ”X” indicates the number of items is unknown.

Letters Written by Darrow

Name of Library

1580

Berea College Library, Berea, KY.

1

1581

Boston Public Library, Boston, MA.

1

1582

Brigham Young University Libra­ ry, Provo, UT.

1

1583

Chicago Historical Society Libra­ ry, Chicago, IL.

1

1584

Colby College Library, Water­ ville, ME.

1

1585

College of Physicians Library, Phila.. PA.

1

1586

Columbia University, Butler Li­ brary, New York, NY.

187

Other Dai’row Papers

Clarence IXirrow

188

Letters Written by Darrow

Other Darrow Papers

43 27

X

Cornell University Library. Ithaca. NY.

A2

1

Debs Foundation. Terre Haute. IN.

3

Emory University Library. Atlanta. GA.

4

Franklin D. Roosevelt Library Hyde Park. NY.

1

Ha rvar d U niv er s it y. Houghton Library, Cambridge. MA.

8

2

Henry Huntington Library. San Marino, CA.

3

7

Illinois State Historical Societv Library. Springfield. IL. Lyman Trumbull Papers (U.S. Senator)

4

Indiana State University. Terre Haute. IN.

3

X

1 15

(Restricted)

Name of Library

James O. Brown Papers (Restricted) Other Collections

1587 1588

1589 1590

1591 1592

1593

1594 1595

1596

Indiana University. Lilly Library. Bloomington, IN. Max Eastman Papers (Writer) Upton Sinclair Papers (Writer)

Library of Congress. Manuscript Division. Washington. D. C. Collections: Clarence Darrow Frederick J. Horne (Naval Officer) Benjamin B. Lindsey (Judge) NAACP (Nat. Assn. Adv. Col. People) Charles E. Russell (Journalist) Arthur Springarn (NAACP Officer) Brand Whitlock (Toledo Mayor) (For letters of Brand Whitlock to Darrow see item 808) Woodrow Wilson (U. S. Pres.)

X X X X X X X

X

X

X

Locations of Papers

Name of Library 1597

1598 1599

1600

1601

1602

1603

1604 1605 1606

1607

189

Letters Written by Darrow

Massachusetts Historical Society Lib. , Boston, MA. Moorefield Storey Papers (NAACP)

X

Minnesota Historical Society Li­ brary, St. Paul, MN.

2

New York Public Library, New York, NY. Henry L. Mencken Papers (Editor)

X

Newberry Library, Chicago, IL. Collections: Edward P. Bell Carroll Binder (Journalist) Clarence Darrow Carter H. Harrison (Chicago Mayor) May Walden Kerr Howard V. O’Brien (Columnist) Wallace Rice (Writer) Melville E. Stone Graham Taylor (Reformer)

Other Darrow Papers

X

2 3

X 4 1 1 7 1 2

X

Northwestern University Library, Evanston, IL. Elmer Gertz Papers

1

X

Ohio State Historical Society Li­ brary, Columbus, OH. Edward H. Fitch Papers (Lawyer)

X

Pennsylvania State University Li­ brary, University Park, PA.

1

Princeton University Library, Princeton, N. J.

5

Southern Illinois University Libra­ ry, Carbondale, IL.

5

Stanford University Library, Palo Alto, CA. Margery Bailey Papers (Prof. English)

5

Syracuse University Library, Syracuse, NY. Alice B. Parsons Papers (Re­ former)

X

X

X

X

X

190

Clarence Darrow

Name of Library

1608

1609

1610

1611

1612

1613

1614

1615

1616

1617

Letters Written by Darrow

Other Darrow Papers

Tennessee State Library, Nashville, TN. Nancy Cox-McCormack Papers (Sculptor) (Photos of sculp­ tures of Darrow)

X

A

Toledo-Lucas County Public Library, Toledo, OH. Negley D. Cochran Papers (Journalist) Samuel M. Jones Papers (Toledo Mayor)

32

X

4

27

University of California, Ban­ croft Library, Berkeley, CA.

24

X

University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA. Theodore P. Gerson Papers Miscellaneous Manuscripts Col­ lection

15 X

University of Chicago, Regenstein Library, Chicago, IL. Clarence Darrow Papers James T. Farrell Papers (Writer) Salmon O. Levinson (Lawyer)

2 1 X

X

University of Illinois Library, Urbana, IL.

4

X

X

X

X

X

X

X'

University of Illinois Library (Il­ linois Historical Survey), Urbana, IL. Clarence Darrow Papers Adolph Germer Papers (Labor Leader) Illinois Politics & Govt. Collec­ tion University of Iowa Library, Iowa City, IA.

8

University of Michigan Library, Ann Arbor, ML Joseph Labadie Papers Bentley Historical Collection

X 11

University of Missouri Library

X

X X

Locations of Papers

Name of Library

1618 1619

1620

1621 1622

1623

1624

1625 1626

191

Letters Written by Darrow

Columbia, MO. Western History Mss. Collection

1

University of Oklahoma Library, Norman, OK.

1

University of Pennsylvania Li­ brary, Philadelphia, PA. Horace Liver ight Papers (Pub­ lisher)

Other Darrow Papers

2

14

University of Rochester Library, Rochester, NY.

1

University of Southern Calif. Li­ brary, Los Angeles, CA.

2

University of Texas Library, Austin, TX.

1

2

University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA. Campbell B. Slemp Papers (U. S. Rep.)

1

1

University of Wyoming Library, Laramie, WY. Harry Elmer Barnes Papers (His­ torian) Warren K. Billings-Thomas Mooney Robert Conway Papers Selden Rodman Papers

22 X X (Restricted)

Wesleyan University Library, Middletown, CT.

3

Wisconsin State Historical Society Lib. , Madison, WI. Collections: Richard T. Ely (Economist) Adolph Germer (Labor Leader) John L. Gillin (Sociologist) *Samuel Gompers (Pres. AFL) *Henry Demarest Lloyd (Re­ former) Raymond Robins (Economist) Edward A. Ross (Sociologist)

X X 1 X X X X

1

Clarence Darrow

192

Name of Library

1627

Yale University, Beinecke Libra­ ry, New Haven, CT. Collections: American Literature Irving Fisher (Economist, Author) James W. Johnson (Poet, Author) Edward M. House (Aide to Pres. Wilson) William Kent (Politician) Paul Palmer (Journalist) Harry Weinberger (Lawyer) Walter F. White (Secy. , NAACP)

Letters Written by Darrow

Other Darrow Papers

X

X

X X X X X X X

*Darrow’s correspondence with Samuel Gompers and Henry Demarest Lloyd is also available on microfilm. The National Historical Pub­ lications and Records Commission sponsored the monumental project of microfilming the papers of Gompers and Lloyd listed below:

American Federation of Labor Records: The Samuel Gompers Era, 1877-1937. Sanford, N. C.: Microfilming Corporation of America, 1979. 144 reels. A printed guide accompanying the collection provides a des­ cription and a reel list.

The Papers of Henry Demarest Lloyd, 1840-1937. Sanford, N. C.: Microfilming Corporation of America, 1971. 52 reels. A printed guide accompanying the collection provides a description and a reel list.

INDEX Compiled by Pauline J. Hunsberger

Numbers refer to item numbers, not page numbers Abbott, Austin 1035 Adamic, Louis 1152, 1215, 1220 Adams, Steve, Text preceding 1113, 1142, 1144, 1161, 1167 Trial 59, 66, 313 Addams, Jane 1439 Ade, George 614 Adelman, Abram E. 873 Adelman, William 1107 A. F. of L. in the Time of Gompers 1219 Alex, Anna 974 Allen, Leslie H. 571, 920, 1416, 1493 Altgeld, John Peter 43, 123, 125, 189, 292, 315, 325, 813, 841. text preceding 1032, 1042, 1081, 1088, 1098-1099 Altgeld's America 885, 1098 Amazing Crime and Trial of Leopold and Loeb 1264, 1288 America Speaks 1274 American Alliance for Labor and Democracy 479 American Civil Liberties Union 554, 587, 954 American Federation of Labor 414, 426 American Federation of Labor Records 1627 American Heretics and Saints 842 American Inquiry Commission 783 American Inquisitors 1436 American League to Abolish Capital Punishment 800 American Literary Manuscripts, text preceding 1580 American Literature Collection 1627 American Public Address 901 American Railway Union 11, 12, text preceding 1032, 1039 American Story 1096 ANARCHY 485, 488 Anderson, Bryce W. 1168 Anderson, Paul Y. 515, 621, 774, 1446-1447 Anderson, Walt 1222 Andrews, J. L. 1030 Anthracite Coal Arbitration Commission 317, 389-392

193

194

Clarence Darrow

Arado, Charles C. 850 Archer, Jules 1172 Argument of Clarence Darrow in the Case of Henry Sweet 1536 Armstrong, Orland K. 1438 Arnold, Benedict 692, 713 Arnold, Carroll C. 328, 359 Arnold, Thurman 1012 Asgis, Alfred 209 Ashley, William J, 1072 Assassination of Ex-Governor Frank Steunenberg 1140 Attorney Clarence Darrow’s Plea for Mercy 1266 Attorney for the Damned 308, 1287, 1469, 1541, 1571; Reviews 1617-1028 Autobiography of Lincoln Steffens 711, 1213, 1234 Autobiography of William D. Haywood 1169 Aymar, Brandt 1494

Bachrach, Walter 161, 307, 1264, 1288 Bailey, Kenneth K. 1458 Bailey, Margery 1606 Baillie, Hugh 1240 Bain, Robert 440, text preceding 1129 Bancroft, Edgar A. 1075 Barnard, Harry 841, 1088 Barnes, Clive 942 Barnes, Harry Elmer 806, 827, 1624 Basford, E. S. 298-300 Beck, James M. 713 Beckwith, John A. 853 Bell, Edward P. 1600 Bell, Stephen 766 Bemis, Edward W. 1071 Bending Cross 1093 Benedict, Stewart H. 361 Bennema, J. G. 620 Benny, Jack 933 Bentley Historical Collection 1616 Berea College Library 1580 Berger, Victor L. 484, 689 Berman, Edward 1086 Best in the World 938, 1503 Best Plays of 1954-1955 1467 BIBLE 230, 287, 378, 493-494, 525, 541-542 Big Bill Haywood and the Radical Union Movement Bill Haywood’s Book i 148 ——— Billings, Warren K. 1624 Binder, Carroll 1600 Binga, Jesse 802 Black, Forrest R. 263 Black, Hugo 591 Black, Jack 187 Black Sheep (story) 224

1170

Index

195

BLACKS 22, 352, 416, 702 see also Sweet Trials BLACKS AND RELIGION 261 Blumgart, Leonard 1250 Bombs and Bribery 1225, 1243 Borah, William 405, 408, 956 Boston Public Library 1581 Boutwell, William D. 356, 1309 BOYCOTTS 414 Brainin, Joseph 697 Breaker Boy (story) 41, 61, 332 Brickner, B. B. 234 Bridges, Horace J. 162, 572, 924 Brigance, William N. 226, 1273 Briggs Manufacturing Co. 736 Brigham Young University Library 1582 Bord, Donald F. 1486 Brookhart, Smith W. 670 Brooks, W. R. 1008 Broun, Heywood 686-687, 714, 927 Brown, Ernest F. 1564 Brown, James O. 1586 Brown, John 86, 314 Brownell, Baker 249 Bruce, William C. 650-652 Brumbaugh, Jesse F. 269, 1149 Brumbaugh, Robert S. 1497 Bryan, William Jennings 148, 165-166, 493-494, 534, 538, 541-544, 547, 549, 551, 938, text preceding 1324, 1391, 1415, 1488, 1493 Bryan and Darrow at Dayton 920, 1416, 1493 Bryan's Last Speech 1415 Bryon, Basil G. 229, 1274 Buchanan, Walter D. 1404 Burke, Kenneth 929 Burns, Elliott 733 Burns, Robert 18, 44, 51, 106, 174, 179, 355b, 377 Burns, W. F. 1063 Burns, William J. 442, 461, text preceding 1175, 1183, 1203, 1208, 1210, 1224 Busch, Francis X. 1156, 1278

Callender, Wesley P. 356, 1309 CAPITAL PUNISHMENT 154, 202, 214-215, 220, 274, 311, 341, 361, 376, 382, 470, 506, 511, 540, 574-576, 578-579, 638, 646, 658, 947, 951 Cargill, Oscar 855, 975 Carpenter, Charles E. 1431 Carrillo, Donato 627, 630, 632, 637 Caruso, F. 617-618 Carwardine, William H. 1064, 1104, 1106 Case, Shirley Jackson 138 Case for Courage 903, 1101

196

Clarence Darrow

Casper, Gerhard 379 Cassels, Lilian 967 Cassity, John H. 1301 Catellani, Enrico 1401 Catholicism and the Modern Mind 1437 Catlin, W. W. 3 Caverly, John R. , text preceding 1248 CENSORSHIP 660-661, 693, 703, 784 Center of the Storm 1492 Century of Tribune Editorials 1452 Chandler, Daniel R. 1508 Chattanooga Young Men's Hebrew Association 539 Chesterton, Gilbert K. 685, 688 Chicago Jackson Park 931, 935-936, 941, 953 Street Railway 54, 395 Chicago Bar Association 510, 512-513 Chicago Historical Society Library 1583 Chicago Strike of 1894 1075, 1100 Chicago Today 1103 Chicago Tribune 1452 Chisholm, Joe 790, 1216, 1235 Christenson, Richard D. 899, 1572 Christian Century Reader 1482 Christman, Henry M. 325, 1099 City Lawyer 858 CIVILIZATION 122, 132-133, 171, 743 Clarence Darrow 915 Clarence Darrow (play) 940, 942-945, 949 Clarence Darrow iand the American Literary Tradition 905 Clarence Darrow, Attorney for the Damned 934 Clarence Darrow, Defender of the People 916 Clarence Darrow, Defense Attorney 889 Clarence Darrow, Eugene V. Debs, and Haldeman-Julius 866 Clarence Darrow for the Defense 854, 865, 888, 925, 1314, 1496 Clarence Darrow, Public Advocate 959 Clarence Darrow's Two Great Trials 635, 1433, 1537 Clark, Edward P. 1034, 1042 Classic Speeches 1545 Classified Speech Models of Eighteen Forms of Public Address 1273 Clay, Samuel H. 1140 Cleveland, Grover, text preceding 1032, 1042, 1082, 1084, 1086, 1104 CLOSED SHOP 50, 80, 84, 91, 362, 420 Cochran, Negley D. 1609 Coffin, Henry Sloane 569 Cohn, Alfred 790, 1216, 1235 Colbrum, Grace I. 973 Colby, Bainbridge 520 Colby College Library 1584 Cole, Fay-Cooper 1473 College of Physicians Library 1584 Columbia University, Butler Library 1586

Index

197

COMMUNISM 255, 739 Communist Labor Party 486-487, 489, 840, 886 Communist Labor Party of Illinois 129-130, 312 Compulsion 1282-1283, 1313 Compulsion (play) 1306 Confessions and Autobiography of Harry Orchard 1141 Conlin, Joseph 1170 Connolly, Christopher P. 433, 1146, 1184, 1194, 1200 CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTORS 124 Contemporary American Biography 853 Conway, James P. 894, 1474 Conway, Robert 1624 Cooley, Thomas M. 1055 Coope, G. G. 853 Cooper, Jerry M. 1109 Cooper Union 476 Copeland, Lewis 293, 301, 322, 1275 Copeland, Royal 156 Cordell, Kathryn C. 291 Cordell, William H. 291 Cornell University Library 1587 Cotton, Edward H. 619 Coudert, Frederic R. 229, 1274 Cowart, B. T. 1171 Cox-McCormack, Nancy 1608 Crandall, Allen 741, 917 Crawford, T. C. 1038 Cressy, Donald R. 368 CRIME AND CRIMINALS 23, 42, 45, 52, 60, 68, 75, 89, 92, 95, 102, 111, 120, 142-144, 162, 185, 200, 208, 211, 213, 225, 243, 281, 309, 328, 342, 359, 368, 380, 504, 590, 596, 600, 701 Crime; Its Cause and Treatment 144, 281, 368; reviews 977-986 Crime of the Century 1318 CRIME PREVENTION 613 Crosscup, Richard 358, 1545 Crow, Robert E. 153, 1266 Curry, Fred 565 Curtis, Winterton C. 1468 D-Days at Dayton 1489 Darrow, Amirus 224 Darrow, Clarence Agnostic 254, 273, 355h, 705-706, 714, 895 Atheist 619, 799 Biographical Profiles of see Part I; 401-402, 514, 550, 603, 608, 614, 655-657, 662, 668, 711-712, 716, 718, 723, 729, 734 738, 773, 807, 838, 841-842, 853, 858, 861, 869, 872873’ 879-880, 885, 890, 897, 909-910, 918, 923, 926, 932933,’ 937, 939-940, 942-945, 948, 956 As Author 866, 905, 946 As Debater 947, 959

198

Clarence Darrow

Darrow, Clarence (continued) As Defense Attorney 631, 850, 856, 863, 870-871, 886, 891, 893, 929, 937, 957 Biographies of 704, 709-710, 741, 854, 865, 867, 888-889, 914917, 934, 949, 960 Birthday Celebrations 118, 241, 260, 355, 620-621, 803, 809, 881 Book Reviews 25, 183, 187, 199, 238, 275, 277 Books by (fiction), An Eye for an Eye 55, 67, 93, 192, 363; Farmington 49, 121, 176-177, 270 (non-fiction), Attorney for the Damned 308; Crime; Its Cause and Treatment 144, 281, 368; Infidels and Heretics 250; Persian Pearl and Other Essays 18, 44, 51, 265, 377; Pro­ hibition Mania 212; Resist Not Evil 45, 52, 180; Story of My Life 271-272; Verdicts Out of Court 330, 381 Books that influenced 851 Bribery Trials 83, 85, 87, 130, 305, 318, 327, 366, 430-432, 434, 436-443, 445, 469, 471, 474, 711, 790, 876, 904, 12291247 Candidate for Illinois Legislature 386 Death, premature 624 Debates 76, 81-82, 103, 115, 122, 126, 132-134, 138, 154-157, 171, 206-207, 209-210, 231-235, 244, 259, 264, 289, 297, 311, 345, 355d, 360-361, 369, 372-376, 382 Dramatization of 882, 940, 942-945, 948-949, 1466-1467, 1476, 1498 Early Childhood 950 Essays by (Nietzsche) 108; (A Persian Pearl) 18, 44, 51, 145, 265, 377; (Realism in Literature and Art) 6, 9, 18-19, 44, 51, 143, 172, 175, 179, 354, 377; (Robert Burns) 18, 44, 51, 106, 174, 179, 355b, 377; (Schopenhauer) 113; (Tolstoy) 24, 347; (Voltaire) 94, 112, 119, 139, 158, 182; (Walt Whitman) 18, 40, 44, 51, 190, 193, 355f, 377 Funeral of 812-813, 815, 825, 828-829 Futurist 955 Health of, heart condition 663; mastoiditis 896 Humanitarian Awards 913 Interviews 412, 456, 515, 552, 619, 621, 796 Jury Selection 288, 290-292, 331, 371, 804 Letters and Papers 1580-1627 Motion Picture, Mystery of Life 698, 703 Obituaries 810-811, 814, 816-823, 827, 830-837, 839, 848-849 Philosophy 39, 218, 335, 824-847, 901, 914 Retirement 519, 561, 606 Short Stories by, (Black Sheep) 224; (Breaker Boy) 41, 61, 332; (Easy Lessons in Law) 26-31, 33-38; (Little Louis Epstine) 46, 63, 348; (Mystery of the Law) 62 Socialist 388 Speaking Style of 714, 727, 798, 826, 852, 857, 859, 862, 874, 886-887, 900-901, 921-922, 928, 947, 959 Unitarian 730-732 Vegetarian 388 Darrow, Paul 875, 877 Darrow, Ruby 884 Darrow: A Biography 960, 1111, 1173, 1227, 1246, 1321-1322,

Index

199

1512-1513, 1551, 1578 Darrow Bribery Trial 1237 Darrow for the Defense 867 Darrow's Speech in the Haywood Case 1143 David, Henry 1096 Davis, Elmer 501 Davis, H. S. 993 Davis, Kenneth S. 880 Davis, W. 1390 Day, Stephen A. 1085 Debaters and Dynamiters 912, 1166 Debs, Eugene V. 11-12, 15, 866, 903, text preceding 1032, 10731074, 1077-1078, 1083, 1093, 1104; see also Pullman Strike Debs Foundation 1588 Debs, Haywood, Ruthenberg 1153 DeCamp, L. Sprague 1495 Decker, Mary Bell 838 Defenders of the Damned 897 DEMOCRATIC PARTY CONVENTION 393-394 Depew, Chauncey M. 1053 Dickler, Gerald 1483 Diekelman, F. A. 460 Dimnet, Ernest 679-680 Dissertations see Theses and dissertations DIVORCE 201, 337, 573, 691 Dixon, Jeane 933 Dixon, Jimmie 933 Doctrine of Assumed Risk (stories) 26-29 Doctrine of Fellow Servant (stories) 30-31 Dolphin Book of Speeches 1310 Doubleday Anthology 906, 1484 Douglas, Melvyn 882 Douglas, Paul 879 Douglas, William O. 308 Dreiser, Theodore 183, 661 DuBois, W. E. B. 147, 1534 Duffus, R. L. 773, 996 Dugdale, Robert L. , footnote following 170 Duncan-Clark, S. J. 511 Durant, Will 209, 231, 372, 947, 955 Duranty, Walter 739 Dynamite 1152, 1215, 1220

Eagle Forgotten 841, 1088 Eastman, Max 1595 Easton, Walter P. 723 Easy Lessons in Law 26-38 Eccles, David 140 Edgar, M. L. 401 Edgar, Maxwell 430, 432 EDUCATION 211, 599, 601, 740, 907 Ehninger, Douglas 328

200

Clarence Darrow

ELECTIONS 73 Ellet, Marion 727 Ely, Richard T. 1626 Emerson, Thomas I. 1479 Emory University Library 1589 ENVIRONMENT 249, 259 Ernst, Morris L. 997, 1020 Essell, Nathan 735 Ethics of Rhetoric 1462 EUGENICS 184, 583 see also Heredity EVOLUTION 227, 523, 525, 566 see also Scopes Evolution Case Evolution and Religion in Education 1422 Eye for an Eye 55, 67, 93, 192, 363; Reviews 972-976 Eye of the Whirlwind 1502 FBI see U. S. Federal Bureau of Investigation Faber, Doris 916 Fabre, Henri 140-141, 152 Fabricant, Noah D. 896 Famous American Jury Speeches 1271 Famous and Interesting Guests of a Kansas Farm 807 FARMERS 197, 242 Farmington 49, 121, 176-177, 270; Reviews 963-971 Farrell, James T. 1612 FASCISM 630 Federal Government and the Chicago Strike 1083 Fenberg, Matilda 890, 892, 898, 937, 1543 Fey, Harold E. 1482 Fiedler, Leslie A. 1308 Final Verdict 904, 1242 First Degree 1307 Fish, Hamilton 746-747 Fisher, Irving 212, 237, 626, 1627 Fitch, Edward H. 1602 Flanagan, J. T. 296 Fleming, Alice 1505, 1550 Fleming, Thomas J. 1547-1548 Flynn, Elizabeth G. 1153 Fonda, Henry 940, 942-945, 948-949 Ford, Patrick H. 305, 1237 Fordham, Edward W. 1461 Fort, John P. 1398, 1434 Fortescue, Granville (Mrs.), text preceding 1552, 1565-1567 Fosdick, Harry Emerson 560 Foster, George Burman 115, 123, 125, 172, 233 Frakes, Margaret 1482 Frankfurter, Felix 954 Franklin, Bert 431, 440-441, 452-455, 458-459, text preceding 1229 Franklin, Charles 1490 Franks, Bobby, text preceding 1248 FREE ENTERPRISE 280

Index

201

FREE TRADE 7, 340 FREEDOM 228, 364 FREEDOM OF SPEECH 131, 414, 484 FREEDOM OF THE PRESS 414, 623, 643 Freethinkers of America 897, 522, 806, 952 Fuess, Claude 298-300 Fulkerson, Raymond G. 919, 1546 Fundamentalism vs. Evolution at Dayton 1468 Gannon, Frank L. 1087 Gardner, Erie Stanley 1303, 1317 Garrison, Winfred E. 1005 Gault, Robert H. 983 Geldert, Grace 716 Genewitch, Evelyn 1094 George, Henry 1, 90, 98 Gerber, John C. 328 Gerber, Robert 356, 1309 Germer, Adolph 1614, 1626 Gerson, Theodore P. 1611 Gertz, Elmer 1311, 1601 Giesler, Jerry 1241 Gilkey, Charles W. 273 Gillin, John L. 1626 Ginger, Ray 871-872, 885, 1093, 1098, 1471, 1506 Giovannitti, Arturo 486 Gish, Duane T. 1509 Gitlow, Benjamin 485, 488, 922, 929 Glueck, Sol S. 1270 God of Fundamentalism and Other Studies 924 Godwin, Murray 1000 Golden, W. E. 870 Goldman, Solomon 273 Goldstein, Alvin 1302 Gompers, Samuel 414, 475, text preceding 1175, 1181, 1197, 1206, 1626 Gould, L. K. 579 Government in Chicago Strike of 1894 1084 Grabiner, Judith V. 1504 Graham, John 366, 1244 Grant, Bernard 505 Grant, Luke 1115, 1132 Grant, Thomas B. 1047 Gray, Clifton 597 Gray, Henry 616 Great American Speeches 1244 Great Monkey Trial 1495 Great Speeches from Pericles to Kennedy 1309 Grebstein, Sheldon N. 1475 Greco, Calogero 627, 630, 632, 637 Greene, Harry W. 928 Greene, Ward 1453

202

Clarence Darrow

Grossbach, Barry L. 911, 1485 Grosscup, Peter S. , text preceding 1032, 1039 Grover, David H. 902, 912, 1164-1166 Guinan, Texas 648 Gunn, John A. 552, 655 Gurko, Miriam 915 Gussow, Mel 948

Haber, Thomas 1479 Hackett, Francis 968 Haefner, John 788 Hagopian, John K. 856 Haldeman-Julius, Emanuel 182, 561, 699, 866 Haldeman-Julius, Marcet 635, 807, 1433, 1537 Handful of Clients 1311 Hanson, Eddy 933 Hard, William 514, 781 Harriman, Job 455 Harrison, Carter H. 1600 Harrison, Charles Y. 704, 709-710 Harte, Walter B. 1057 Hartt, Rollin L. 1358 Harvard University 613 Library 1591 Hatch, Robert 1297 Hauptmann, Bruno 801 Hawaii 20 see also Massie Trial Hawley, James H. 407, 1167 Hays, Arthur Garfield 275, 687, 742, 834, 858, 1151, 1214, 1387, 1435, 1449, text preceding 1515, 1538 Haywood, William D. 405, 410, text preceding 1113-1114, 1155, 1169-1170, 1172 Haywood Case 1162 Haywood Trial 56-59, 65-66, 248, 269, 398-400, 403-408, 886, 902, 912, 956, 1113-1174 Hazlitt, Henry 688 Heaps, Willard A. 1105 Hearst, William Randolph 393-394 Heimanson, R. K. 1019 Heney, Francis J. 1207 Henry, O. 46 Herczeg, Ferenc 1514 (at 2 January 1927) HEREDITY 169, 249, 259, 564 Hibbitt, George W. 357, 1310 Hicks, Frederick C. 167, 1271 Higdon, Hal 1318 High Tension 1240 Hill, Edwin C. 631 Hillquit, Morris 577 History and Criticism of American Public Address 874 Hochmuth, Marie 874 Hoffman (Gov. of N. J. ) 801

Index Hoffman, Frederick J. 1465 Hogan, William 1021 Holbrook, Stewart H. 1157 Holbrook, Zephaniah S. 1078 Hollister, Howard K. 1341 Holly, William H. 813, 829 Holmes, John Haynes 156-157, 375, 509, 696, 743, 833, 947 Holst, Hermann E. von 1056 Hoover, Herbert C. 240, 650-654 Hopkins, John 394 Horne, Frederick J. 1596 Horsley, Albert see Orchard, Harry Hostrop, Richard W. 1501 House, Edward M. 1627 House, Walter 573 Houseman, A. E. 338 Howells, William Dean 17, 946 Hughes, Edwin H. 254 Hughes, Graham 1025 Hughes, Rupert 806 Huntington, Henry (Library) 1592 Hurd, Charles 323, 365, 1305, 1315 Hutchens, John K. 938, 1503 Hynd, Alan 897, 1223, 1302

Illinois Historical Survey 1614 Illinois Politics and Government (Papers) 1614 Illinois State Historical Society Library 1593 Image of Man in America 927, 1316 IMMIGRATION 244, 345, 374, 947 IMMORTALITY 223, 2 53, 289, 297, 349, 642 In Pursuit 1223 Indiana State University Library 1594 Indiana University, Lilly Library 1595 Infidels and Heretics 250; Reviews 994-995 Ingersoll, Robert G. 385 Inherit the Wind 882, 1466-1467, 1476, 1498 INJUNCTIONS 414 Insurrection of Juneand July 1894 1065 Intellectual America 855 International Harvester 430, 432 International Labor Defense Fund 267 Ipsen, D. C. 1502 IRISH INDEPENDENCE 14, 96, 355a Irving Stone Reader 908, 1221 Jackson, James H. 876, 1236 Jackson Park see Chicago--Jackson Park Jeans, James S. 1048 Jerry Giesler Story 1241 Jimerson, Lila 673-675

203

204

Clarence Darrow

Johnson, Frank W. C. 900, 1481 Johnson, Hugh 753, 755-756, 764, 771, 777, 789 Johnson, James Weldon 832, 1627 Johnson, Kendrick 1160 Jones, Albert O. , text preceding 1552, 1573 Jones (Bishop) 147 Jones, Llewellyn 740 Jones, Mary Harris (Mother) 173 Jones, Samuel M. 1609 Jordan, Royce 1327 JUSTICE 266, 276, 355g, 640 Kahahawai, Joseph, text preceding 1552, 1573 Kahanamaku, Duke 724 Kahn, Karl M. 738 Kallen, Horace M. 228, 364 Kalvern, Harry 1479 Kaplan, Morris B. 1497 Karsner, David 656 Katz, Arthur W. 857 Kedro, Milan J. 950 Keebler, Robert S. 1417 Keller, Helen 954 Kelley, Richard D. 957 Kennedy, John C. 122, 126 Kennedy, Richard 303, 1155 Kenney, Charlotte 729 Kent, Frank R. 1370, 1372 Kent, William 1627 Kerr, May Walden 1600 Khayyam, Omar 18, 44, 51, 238, 265, 377 Kidd, Thomas I. 17, 21, 105, 316 Kiefer, Charles 114 King, Charles 1080 Kirchwey, G. W. 1256 Kissane, Leedice 1161 Kluger, Pearl 1470 Krass, Nathan 682-683 Krebs, Albin 940 Krock, Arthur 754 Kronk, Philip C. 1320 Krutch, Joseph W. 1347, 1360, 1371 Ku Klux Klan 700 Kunstler, William M. 903, 1031, 1101, 1307 Kurland, Gerald 934 Kurland, Philip B. 379 Labadie, Joseph 1616 Labor Disputes and the Presidents of the U. S. 1086 LABOR UNIONS 50, 80, 343, 362, 421, 477, 824 LABORERS 26-36, 79, 88, 101, 104, 294, 344

Index

205

Labor's Greatest Conflicts 1145 Lane, M. A. 1040 Langdon, Emma F. 1145 Lapp, John A. 273 Lardner, Rex 918 Larkin, J. 485 Lawes, Lewis E. 154-155, 361, 376, 574 Lawrence, Jerome 1466-1467, 1476, 1498 Lawrence, John see Pritchard, John L. Lawyers Association of Illinois 473 League of Nations 577 League to Abolish Capital Punishment 646 Lebit, Joseph 893 Lee, Robert E. 1466-1467, 1476, 1498 Legal and Public Speaking 1149 Leisure, George S. 891, text preceding 1552 Lenroot (Senator) 568 Leopold, Nathan F. 802, text preceding 1248, 1289, 1303, 1311, 1317; see also Leopold-Loeb Case Leopold and Loeb 1267 Leopold-Loeb Case 149-150, 159, 161, 167, 191, 226, 229, 293, 301-302, 307, 310, 322-323, 356-357, 365, 495-500, 502, 510, 512-513, 704, 860, 921, 925, 958, 1248-1323 Leopold-Loeb Case 1272 Let Freedom Ring 1435, 1449, 1538 Letters and Journal of Brand Whitlock 808 Levin, Meyer 1282-1283, 1285, 1306, 1313 Levinson, Salmon O. 1612 Levy, Beryl H. 1024 Lewis, Arthur M. 76, 81-82, 103, 132, 355d, 360, 369, 826 Liberal Church, Denver 536 Library of Congress 1596 LIFE 115, 134 Life Plus Ninety-nine Years 1303, 1317 Likely, Wadsworth 1457 Lilienthal, David E. 608, 1373, 1524 Lindbergh Kidnapping Case 787, 801 Lindsey, Almont 1090, 1092, 1102 Lindsey, Benjamin B. 1596 Lingle, Alfred 684 Lippmann, Walter 1436 LITERARY STYLE 53 Little Louis Epstine (story) 46, 63, 348 Live Questions 1081 Live Without Fear 878 Liveright, Horace 1619 Livingston, John C. 914 Lloyd, Henry Demarest 1626 Lockwood, George 451, 453, text preceding 1229 Loeb, Richard, text preceding 1248; see also Leopold-Loeb Case London, Ephraim 326, 1478, 1542 Long, Huey P. 797 Lorch, F. 295

206

Clarence Darrow

Lord’s Day Alliance 216-217, 245, 252, 451 Lorimer Case 430-432 Los Angeles Times Bombing 418-419, text preceding 1175; see also McNamara Case Lovett, Robert M. 1249 Lowden, Frank 219 Lynd, Staughton 360 McConnell, Francis 830 McDermot, George 1069 MacDonald, George E. 247, 370, 820 McGeehan, William O. 1413, 1454 McGoorty, John P. 254 MacGowan, Robert 264 MacKay, Philip E. 382, 951 McKernan, Maureen 307, 1264, 1288 MacLane, Mary 25 MacLaskey, Ethel 851 McManigal, Ortie E. , text preceding 1175, 1211, 1224 McNamara, James B. , text preceding 1175, 1217, 1224 McNamara, John J. , text preceding 1175 McNamara Case 305, 418-419, 422-429, 433, 435, 442, 467, 711, 790, 908, 1146, 1175-1228 McNutt, Cyrus S. 457 McParland, James 1171 McWilliams, Russell 719, 737 Majors, Randall E. 958, 1319 Malone, Dudley Field 517, 529, 574, 1412 Maloney, Martin J. 859, 862, 874 MAN, NATURE OF 204, 206, 209, 231-234, 245, 338, 346, 372, 490, 492, 507-508, 569, 582, 597, 655, 927, 947 Man From Kinsman 741, 917 Man on Trial 1483 Man’s Home, A Man’s Castle 1549 Manning, Thomas C. 1100 Marcantonio, Vito 805 Marshall, C. T. 562-563 Marshall, Louis 154 Martin, Hugh H. 140 Martin, John B. 1280 Martin, Pete 1241 MARXISM 76, 81-82, 103, 355d, 360, 369 Masked War 1210, 1224 Mason, A. T. 1018 Mason, J. W. 1060 Mason, Lowell 789 Massachusetts Historical Society Library 1597 Massie, Thalia, text preceding 1552; see also Massie Trial Massie, Thomas 720, text preceding 1552; see also Massie Trial Massie Case 1574 Massie Trial 268, 272, 319, 720-722, 724-726, 899, 1552-1579 Masters, Edgar Lee 478, 491, 883

Index

207

Mayr, Anneta 472 Means, David M. 1049, 1054 Meissel, Richard A. 930, 1245 Mencken, Henry L. 603, 1339, 1453, 1455, 1477, 1599 Merritt, D. 1348, 1361 Metcalf, M. M. 1405 Michelson, Charles 938, 1503 Middleton, Lamar 1089 Miers, Earl S. 1096 Miles, Nelson A. 1050 Miller, George F. 147 Milton, George F. 1335, 1379, 1394 Mind and Spirit of John Peter Altgeld 1099 Minnesota Bar Association 785 Minnesota Historical Society Library 1598 Momentous Question 1076 Monkey Business Tplay) 1514 (at 2 January 1927) Monkey Trial 1475 Mooney, Thomas 1624 Moon, Bucklin 1484 Moore, Harold 699 Moore, John Howard 110 Mordell, Albert 866 Morris, Richard B. 1454-1455 Moyer, Charles, text preceding 1113, 1146 Mulroy, James 1302 Munsene, J. 644 MURDER--STATISTICS 586 Murder, Mayhem and Mystery 1302 Murphy, Frank, text preceding 1515 Musmanno, M. A. 289 My 11 Years With Clarence Darrow 868 Myers, Raymond H. 798 Mystery of Life (motion picture) 698, 703 Mystery of the Law (story) 62

Nathan, George Jean. 734 National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) 585, 615, 702, text preceding 1515, 1596 National Dynamite Plot 1211 National Recovery Act (NRA) see U. S. National Recovery Act National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections, text preceding 1580 Nearing, Scott 490, 507-508 Nebraska Bar Association 200, 213 Negroes see Blacks NEUTRALITY 479-480 New School for Social Research 600-601 New York Public Library 1599 Newberry Library 1600 Newspapers 355e Nietzsche, Friedrich 108

208

Clarence Darrow

Nimmo, Joseph 1065 No! In Thunder 1308 Noble, Iris 889 NONRESISTANCE see Pacifism Norris, Kathleen 574, 658 North, Luke 402, 409 Northwestern University 19: Library 1601 Notable Cross-Examinations 1461

O’Brien, Howard V. 1600 O’Connell, J. J. 1062 O’Connor, John J. 944-945 O’Day, F. 456 Odum, Howard W. 1406 Ogden, Rollo 1059 O’Hara, Barrett 913 O’Higgins, Harvey J. 1183 Ohio State Historical Society Library 1602 OPEN SHOP 50, 70-71, 78, 135, 236, 351 Oppenheimer, George 938, 1503 Orchard, Harry, text preceding 1113, 1126, 1140-1141, 1150 Osborn, Henry Fairfield 524, 1350, 1422 Otis, Harrison Gray 449-450, text preceding 1175, 1181 Overton, Grant 208 Owen, Russell 550, 725-726, 809, 1407, 1451

PACIFISM 3, 45, 52, 76, 81-82, 95, 103, 114, 180, 333, 355d, 360, 369, 409, 479 Packer, Peter 1574 Page, Arthur W. 1366 Paine Lumber Co. 17, 21 Palmer, Paul 1627 Papers of Henry Demarest Lloyd 1627 Parks, Leighton 1353 Parsons, Alice B. 840, 1607 Parton, May F. 173 PATRIOTISM 74 Patterson, Keith 956 Payne, Alma J. 946 Payne, George H. 1408 PENAL SYSTEM 634 Pendola, C. S. 617-618 Pennsylvania State University Library 1603 Perriton, Maxwell 796 Persian Pearl and Other Essays 18, 44, 51, 265, 377; Review 961 Person, Arthur 129 PESSIMISM 136, 336 Peterson, Houston 304, 355j, 1539, 1544 Pettibone, George, text preceding 1113, 1146 Pezet, Washington 1380

Index

209

Phillips, Edgar J. 297 PHONOGRAPH RECORDINGS 327, 329 Pictorial History of the World's Great Trials 1494 Plays (Clarence Darrow) 940, 942-945, 948-949; (Inherit the Wind) 882, 1466-1467, 1476, 1498; (Monkey Business) 1514 (at 2 January 1927) Plea of Clarence Darrow 1265 Plea of Clarence Darrow in His Own Defense 1232 POEMS 491, 849, 883 Pomeroy, J. 598 Pratt, Steven 941 Preacher and I 1460 Presidents and Civil Disorder 1091 Presley, James 1492 Prevezer, S. 1028 Primm, James N. 1162 Princeton University 568, 590 Library 1604 Prisoners at the Bar 1156, 1278 Pritchard, John L. 324 Prochnow, Herbert V. 861 PROHIBITION 72, 77, 151, 156-157, 196, 203, 207, 210, 212, 216-217, 221, 237, 239-240, 256-257, 262-263, 295, 353, 373, 375, 415, 509, 581, 588, 594, 602, 604-605, 607, 609, 611, 626, 664-665, 667, 669-670, 672, 681, 694, 947 In Canada 256-257, 676-678 Prohibition Mania 212; Reviews 987-993 Provost, Katharine 1150 Public Opinion 13 Puckette, Charles M. 1340 Pullman, George M. , text preceding 1032, 1052, 1066, 1104 Pullman Boycott 1063, 1095 Pullman Strike 1064, 1092, 1102, 1104, 1106 Pullman Strike Case 11-12, 15, 379, 903, text preceding 1032, 1032-1112 Quality of Murder

1301

RACISM 22, 205, 244, 352, 585, 595 Radical Club 86 Ragsdale, William B. 1507 Rahskopf, Horace G. 901 Railroad Strike of 1894 1072 Railroads 104 Rape in Paradise 1576-1577 Ratcliffe, S. K. 1409 Raulston, John T. 555-556, text preceding 1324, 1369 Revenel, M. F. 992 Ravitz, Abe C. 41, 46, 905, 1162 Readings in Public Opinion 1434 Realism in Literature and Art 6, 9, 18-19, 44, 51, 143, 172,

210

Clarence Darrow

175, 179, 354, 377 Reilly, George 886, 1159 RELIGION 138, 147, 264, 547, 602, 682-683, 685, 688 RELIGION, COMPULSORY 522 Remington, Frederic 1041, 1043, 1045, 1068 Remus, G. 628 Report of the U. S. Strike Commission 1079, 1108 Resist Not Evil 45, 52, 180; Review 962 Revolt, U. S, A. 1089 Rice, Edward L. 1411 Rice, Wallace 1600 Rich, Bennett M. 1091 Richardson, M. 1450 Richardson, R. 1450 Richberg, Donald 755, 765, 980 Rintels, David W. 943, 949 Riots, U.S.A. 1105 Robbins, J. Albert, text preceding 1580 Roberts, John B. 852 Robins, Raymond 1626 Robinson, Harry P. 1067 Robinson, William W. 1225, 1243 Rockport Sag, N. J. 545 Rocky Mountain Revolution 1157 Rodman, Selden 1624 Rogers, Earl 436, 790, 904, text preceding 1229, 1235, 1240, 1242 Roosevelt, Franklin D. 728, 744 Library 1590 Roosevelt, Theodore 417, 484, 728, 1117, 1163, 1179, 1181 Rorke, Alexander 922, 929 Ross, Edward A. 1626 Roussel, Hubert 691 Russell, Charles E. 479, 1596 Russia 479 Rusterholtz, Wallace 842 Ryan, W. 952 Sacco and Vanzetti 289, 589 Sagarin, Edward 1494 St. Johns, Adella Rogers 904, 1242 Salmon, Thomas W. 1257 Sanbonmatsu, Akira 922, 929 Sandburg, Carl 526 Sanger, Margaret 660 Sayer, James E. 372-376, 947, 959 Sayles, William 737 Scheinberg, Stephen 1163 Schloss, David F. 1070 Schopenhauer, Arthur 113 Schroeder, Theodore 1212 Scopes, John Thomas 529, text preceding 1324, 1399, 1480, 1492; see also Scopes Evolution Case

Index

211

Scopes Case 1511 Scopes Evolution Case 163-165, 181, 246, 303, 321, 367, 383, 516-518, 520-521, 524, 527-535, 539,’ 541-544, 546, 549, 554-555, 562-563, 571, 584, 635, 882, 887, 894, 900, 906, 911, 920, 925, 938, 1324-1514 Scopes Trial 1500-1501 Scottsboro Case 267, 702, 707-708, 715 Sea Duty 1570 SELF-DEFENSE 930 Sellers, Alvin V. 1272 Settle, Mary L. 1500 SEMITISM 697 Shafer, Sara A. 963 Shapiro, Charles 1281 Shapiro, Herbert 1226 Sharp, Harold S. , text preceding items 1032, 1113, 1175, 1515, 1552 Sharp, Malcolm 1479 Shaw, Charles G. 657, 895 Shepherd, William G. 1354 Sherman, John D. 1037 Shine, Howard L. 887, 1472 Shipley, Maynard 199 Shuman, R. Baird 363, 907, 976 Shurter, Edwin D. 248 Simons, Algie 961 Simons, H. Austin 487 Sinclair, John F. 755, 762, 765 Sinclair, Upton 55, 1595 Single Tax Club, Chicago 90 Single Tax League, Los Angeles 88 Six Days or Forever? 1471, 1506 Six Trials 1497 Sixty Famous Cases 1097, 1218 Slemp, Campbell B. 1623 Smith, Alfred E. 602, 629, 641, 647, 649 Smith, Alfred E. 602, 629, 641, 647, 649 Smith, Sherwin D. 1487 Smith, Thomas V. 206, 232, 292, 655, 848, 878, 1016 Snyder, Albert 616 Snyder, Louis L. 1454-1455 Snyder, Ruth 616 SOCIALISM 126, 175, 388, 396, 413, 417, 686-687, 746-747 Sockman, Ralph W. 582 Some Dissenting Voices 926 Something Terrible Has Happened 1575 Sormenti, E. 612 Sousa, John Philip 933 South Dakota Bar Association 225 Southern Illinois University Library 1605 Speeches and Proceedings at a Banquet in Honor of Clarence Dar­ row 473 Speedy, Nettie G. 1515-1519, 1521, 1523, 1528-1533

212

Clarence Darrow

Springarn, Arthur 1596 Stanford University Library 1606 Star Reporters and 34 of Their Stories 1453 Stark, Louis 756 Starr, Frederick 132-134, 171 Starr, James M. 860, 1276 Stead, William T. 1044, 1051, 1061, 1103 Steffens, Lincoln 146, 442, 462, 711, 927, 1000, 1213, 1234 Stein, Leon 1104 Stelzle, C. 990 Stephenson, D. C. 700 Sterry, E. V. 592-593 Steunenberg, Frank 59, 66, text preceding 1113, 1140; see also Haywood Trial Stirling, Yates 1570 Stoddard, Lothrop 244, 374, 947 Stolberg, Benjamin 1004 Stone, Irving 303, 854, 861, 865, 867, 888, 906, 908, 1155, 1221, 1484 Stone, Melville E. 1600 Storey, Moorefield 1597 Story of Mary MacLane 25 Story of My Life 271-272, 1569; Reviews 996-1016 Straton, John R. 534, 553, 557-559 Strike at Pullman 1066 STRIKES 15, 416, 587; see also Pullman Strike Case Strikes, Bombs and Bullets 1172 Strong, Charles H. 1423 Suit for Contempt of Court 1073 Sumner, Allene 1374 SUNDAY LAWS 216-217, 252, 622 Sunset Club 3-5, 9-10, 13, 20, 23 Sweet, Henry, text preceding 1515, 1536 Sweet, Ossian, text preceding 1515 Sweet Trials 205, 304, 306, 320, 329, 355j, 358, 635, 898, 919, 1515-1551 Swinton, John 1076 Syracuse University Library 1607

Taft, Kendall B. 276 Taft, Philip 1219 Take the Witness! 790, 1216, 1235 Talese, Gay 893 Talley, Alfred J. 154-155, 311, 361, 376, 386, 504, 506, 947, 951 Tame Surrender 1080 TARIFF 1, 7, 384, 669 Tarshish, Jacob 254 TAXATION 16, 88, 90, 98, 109, 294 Taylor, Graham 1180, 1190, 1600 Ten Heroes of the Twenties 918 Tennessee Evolution Case 1417

Index

213

Tennessee State Library 1608 THESES AND DISSERTATIONS 798, 852, 857, 859-860, 862, 886887, 894, 899, 900, 902, 911, 914, 919, 921-922, 928, 930, 947, 957-958 Thieman, Paul 396 Thirteen Famous Patients 896 Thomas, Bob 1574 Thomas, Norman 687 Thompson, Barney 492 Thompson, Samuel H. 1448 Thone, Frank 1403 Tichenor, Henry M. 1209 Tierney, John S. 1136 Tierney, Kevin, Part I 960, 1110-1111, 1173, 1227, text preceding 1229, 1246, 1321-1322, 1512-1513, 1551, 1578 Tilby, A. Wyatt 1357 Toledo-Lucas County Public Library 1609 Tolstoy, Leo 24, 45, 52, 76, 81-82, 95, 103, 347, 355d, 360, 369, 539 Tompkins, Jerry R. 1489, 1491 Touring Pullman 1107 Treasury of Great American Speeches 1305, 1315 Treasury of Great Reporting 1454-1455 Treasury of the WorldTs Great Speeches 1539, 1544 Trial By Prejudice 742, 1151, 1214 Trial of Helen McCleod 840 Trials That Made Headlines 1505, 1550 Troiber, Michael 17, 21, 105, 316 Trumbull, Lyman 1593 Trumbull, Matthew Mark 8 Truth Seeker 247, 370 Turner, George K. 1138 Turner, John 47-48 Twenties 1465 United Hebrew Trades of New York 475 U. S. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) 954 u. s. National Recovery Act, Review Board 278-280, 282-286, 302, 350, 744-746, 748, 750-772, 774-782, 785-786, 789, 791-795 U. S. Strike Commission 1046, 1058, 1067, 1069-1070, 1072, 1108 UNIVERSE 198, 235 University of California, Bancroft Library 1610 University of California at Los Angeles Library 1611 University of Chicago 245 Chapel 813, 829 Library 1612 University of Illinois Library 1613 Illinois Historical Survey 1614 University of Iowa Library 1615 University of Michigan Library 1616 University of Missouri Library 1617 University of Oklahoma Library 1618

214

Clarence Darrow

University of Pennsylvania Library 1619 University of Rochester Library 1620 University of Southern California Library 1621 University of Texas Library, 1622 University of Virginia Library 1623 University of Wyoming Library 1624 Urstein, Maurice 1267 Usher, Frank H. see Franklin, Charles Van Slinger land, Peter 1575 Van Winkle, Marshall 1097, 1218 Vanity Fair, Selections 895 Verdicts out of Court 330, 381, 909-910; Reviews 1029-1031 Vernon School 522 Victor Hugo Society of Chicago 387 Voices Against Death 951 VOLSTEAD ACT 196, 239, 567 Voltaire, Francois 94, 112, 119, 139, 158, 182, 251

Wakefield, Eva Ingersoll 849 Waller, William 1424 Wanhope, Joseph 1114 Ward, Nowell 932 Warne, Colston E. 1095 Watson, John B. 209, 231 Wave of Horror 1209 We Speak for Ourselves 1155, 1459 WEALTH 501 Weaver, Galen R. 1558 Weaver, Richard M. 1462 Webb, J. A. 666 Weihofen, Henry 277 We inberg, Arthur 17, 308-321, 330-3551, 381, 869, 875, 909-910, 926, 939, 1017-1031, 1158, 1238, 1287, 1469, 1541-1542, 1571 Weinberg, Kenneth G. 1549 Weinberg, Lila 330-3551, 381, 909-910, 926, 939, 1029-1031 Weinberger, Harry 1627 Wells, H. G. 955 Werner, Morris R. 238 Wesleyan University Library 162 5 Western Federation of Miners 411 Western History Manuscript Collection 1617 Wheeler, Kathleen 495 Wheeler, Wayne B. 207, 210, 373, 581, 604-605, 609-611, 947 White, Eliot 831 White, Horace 1033 White, Walter F. 1526, 1627 Whitehead, George G. 259, 662, 668, 712, 714 Whitlock, Brand 470, 808, 1596 Whitman, Walt 18, 40, 44, 51, 190, 193, 355f, 377 Wickes, T. H. 1066

Index Wiggam, Albert Edward 259 Wigmore, John H. 1205, 1262 Wilbur, Susan 1003 Williams, Michael 1363, 1375, 1389, 1437 Williams, William 48 Willingham, Mary J. 921, 1312 Willis (Senator) 639 Wilson, Clarence T. 639, 664, 676-677, 836-837, 853 Wilson, P. W. 1254 Wilson, Woodrow 127, 484, 1596 Winning Declarations and How to Speak Them 1147 Winters, John C. 633, 636, 659, 864 Wisconsin State Historical Society Library 1626 Wise (Rabbi) 625 Wishart, Alfred Wesley 235 Woehike, Walter V. 1193 Wolfe, Don M. 927, 1316 WOMEN 222, 384 WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE 4, 188 Women’s Trade Union League 476 Woodruff, Douglas 1011 Woodworkers Strike 17, 20, 105, 316 Woolsey, Dorothy 970 WORK WEEK 5 World Court 568, 570 World Famous Trials 1490 World of Law 1477-1478, 1542 World War I 97, 114, 116-117, 124, 195, 339, 482-483 World’s Fair 4a, 10 World’s Great Speeches 1275 World’s Most Famous Court Trial 181, 367, 383, 1419, 1499, 1510 Wright, Theon 1576-1577

Yale University 599 Library 1627 Yarros, Victor 212, 626, 835, 868 Yates (Congressman) 306, 1540 Zentner, George 17, 21, 105, 316 ZIONISM 625, 696

215

•v.