Art and Architecture in Canada: A Bibliography and Guide to the Literature 9781442671010
Identifies and summarizes thousands of books, article, exhibition catalogues, government publications, and theses publis
166 8 183MB
French Pages 1557 [1636] Year 1991
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Table of contents :
Contents / Table des matières
Towards the Discovery of Canadian Cultural History: Foreword by Ramsay Cook / La découverte de 1'histoire culturelle du Canada: Avant-propos de Ramsay Cook
Preface / Préface
Acknowledgments / Remerciements
Assistants and Consultants / Assistants et personnes-conseil
Guide to Using Volume 1 / Guide de l'utilisateur, Volume 1
Abbreviations / Abreviations
Maps / Cartes
Linguistic Families / Families linguistiques
Art
Painting, Sculpture, Graphic Arts, Photography / Peinture, sculpture, arts graphiques, photographic
Decorative Arts, Fine Crafts, Industrial Arts / Arts decoratifs, métiers d'art, esthetique industrielle
Related Studies / Etudes connexes
Art of the Native Peoples / Art autochtone
Artists / Artistes
Artists / Artistes
Architecture
Architecture
Building Types / Types de constructions
Frontmatter2
Contents / Table des matiéres
Guide to Using Volume 2 / Guide de l'utilisateur, Volume 2
Abbreviations / Abreviations
INDEXES / LES INDEX
Subject Index
Index des sujets traites
Citation preview
ART AND ARCHITECTURE IN CANADA ART ET ARCHITECTURE AU CANADA VOLUME 1
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LOREN R. LERNER & MARY F. WILLIAMSON
Art and Architecture in Canada: A Bibliography and Guide to the iterature to 1981 Art et architecture au Canada: bibliographie et guide de la documentation jusqu'en 1981 1 U N I V E R S I T Y OF TORONTO PRESS Toronto Buffalo London
www.utppublishing.com University of Toronto Press 1991 Toronto Buffalo London Printed in Canada Imprime au Canada ISBN 0-8020-5856-6
Printed on acid-free paper Imprime sur papier sans acide
Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Lerner, Loren R. (Loren Ruth), 1948Art and architecture in Canada = Art et architecture au Canada Prefatory material in English and French; includes English and French publications. Includes indexes. ISBN 0-8020-5856-6 (set) 1. Art - Canada - Bibliography. 2. Architecture - Canada - Bibliography. 3. Decorative arts - Canada - Bibliography. 4. Artists - Canada - Bibliography. 5. Architects - Canada - Bibliography. I. Williamson, Mary F. II. Title. III. Title: Art et architecture au Canada. Z5961.C3L471991
016.709'71
C91-093656-OE
Donnees de catalogage avant publication (Canada) Lerner, Loren R. (Loren Ruth), 1948Art and architecture in Canada = Art et architecture au Canada Texte prelim, en anglais et en français; comprend des publications en anglais et en frangais. Comprend des index. ISBN 0-8020-5856-6 (ensemble) 1. Art - Canada - Bibliographic. 2. Architecture - Canada - Bibliographic. 3. Arts decoratifs - Canada - Bibliographie. 4. Artistes - Canada - Bibliographie. 5. Architectes - Canada - Bibliographie. I. Williamson, Mary F. II. Titre. III. Titre: Art et architecture au Canada. Z5961.C3L471991
016.70971
C91-093656-OF
These volumes have been published with the assistance of a grant from the Canadian Research Tools Programme of the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. La publication de ces volumes a été subventionnee par le programme « Les études canadiennes : outils de recherche » du Conseil de recherche en sciences humaines du Canada.
For our mothers, Anne Ikeman and Marie Peterkin Williamson
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Contents / Table des matières
Volume 1 Towards the Discovery of Canadian Cultural History: Foreword by Ramsay Cook xi Preface xix Acknowledgments xxxv Assistants and Consultants xxxix Guide to Using Volume 1 xli Abbreviations xlix Maps Hi
La découverte de 1'histoire culturelle du Canada: Avant-propos de Ramsay Cook Preface Remerciements Assistants et personnes-conseil Guide de 1'utilisateur, volume 1 AbreViations Cartes
ART
Folk Art / Art traditionnel
119
Painting, Sculpture, Graphic Arts, Photography / Peinture, sculpture, arts graphiques, photographie 3
Photography / Photographie
120
Art and War / L'art et la guerre
134
Atlantic Canada / Provinces de l'Atlantique
139
3
Newfoundland / Terre-Neuve
141
3
Prince Edward Island / Ile du Prince-Edouard
144
New Brunswick / Nouveau-Brunswick
144
Nova Scotia / Nouvelle-Ecosse
147 150
Canada Painting and General Studies of Art in Canada / Peinture et ouvrages généraux sur 1'art au Canada History and Surveys / Aperçu historique ét etudes diverses e
From the 17th Century to World War I / Du XVIIE siècle à la premiere guerre mondiale From World War I to the 1960s / De la Premiere Guerre mondiale aux annees 1960
23 43
xv xxvii xxxvii xxxix xlv xlix Hi
From the 1960s to 1981 / Des annçes 1960 a 1981
66
Quebec
Sculpture History and Surveys / Aperçu historique et études diverses
93 93
From the 1960s to 1981 / Des années 1960 a 1981
97
Painting and General Studies of Art in Quebec / Peinture et ouvrages généraux sur 1'art au Quebec History and Surveys / Aperçu historique ét etudes diverses
Graphic Arts / Arts graphiques
100
Printmaking / Gravure
100
Advertising and Editorial Art / Graphisme publicitaire
106
Book Arts / Techniques du livre
113
Caricature, Cartoons, and Comics / Caricature, dessin humoristique et bande dessinée
117
150 150
e
From the 17th Century to World War I / Du XVII siècle à la Première Guerre mondiale
159
From World War I to the 1960s / De la Premiere Guerre mondiale aux années 1960
169
From the 1960s to 1981 / Des années I960 à 1981
181
Sculpture
192
Graphic Arts: Printmaking / Arts graphiques: gravure 200
viii Contents / Table des matières Ontario
203
Silver / Orfèvrerie
299
History and Surveys / Aperçu historiquc et études diverses
203
Canada
299
From the 19th Century to World War I / Du XIX e siècle à la Premiere Guerre mondiale
206
Quebec
301
From World War I to the 1960s / De la Première Guerre mondiale aux années I960
210
From the 1960s to 1981 / Des années 1960 a 1981
216
Western Canada / Provinces de 1'Ouest
221
Manitoba
226
Saskatchewan
228
Alberta British Columbia / Colombie-Britannique
Textiles History and Surveys / Aperçu historique et études diverses
307 307
Rugs / Tapis
310
Tapestries, Fibre Arts / Tapisseries, travail des fibres
312
231
Embroidery / Broderie
313
235
Quilts / Courtepointes
315
Costume
316
Miscellaneous Arts / Arts divers
326
Related Studies / Etudes connexes
331
Art Education / Enseignement de 1'art
331
Public Art Galleries and Museums and Their Permanent Collections / Musées d'Etat et leurs collections permanentes
337
Canada
337
Atlantic Canada / Provinces de 1'Atlantique
342
Quebec
343
Ontario
349
Western Canada / Provinces de 1'Ouest
354
History and Surveys / Aperçu historique et études diverses
235
From the 1960s to 1981 / Des années 1960 a 1981
241
Yukon
Metalwork and Jewellery / Arts du métal et joaillerie 305
246
Decorative Arts, Fine Crafts, Industrial Arts / Arts decoratifs, métiers d'art, esthetique industrielle 247 Canada
247
Atlantic Provinces / Provinces de 1'Atlantique
253
Quebec
255
Ontario
263
Western Canada / Provinces de 1'Ouest
266
Ceramics / Céramique
266
Traditional / Epoque traditionelle
266
Contemporary / Epoque contemporaine
275
Glass / Verre
277
Stained Glass / Vitrail
282
Furniture / Mobilier
283
Canada
283
Atlantic Provinces / Provinces de 1'Atlantique
286
Quebec
289
Ontario
291
Western Canada / Provinces de 1'Ouest
295
Woodenware / Bois
295
Industrial Design / Esthétique industrielle
296
Collectors and Collecting, Corporate and Private / Collectionneurs et collections, collections d'entreprise et collections privees 356 Art and Government, Art and Business / L'art et 1'Etat, 1'art et le milieu des affaires 361 Writing about Art / Ecrits sur 1'art
367
Art of the Native Peoples / Art autochtone
370
Art of the Indians and Inuit / Art amerindien et art inuit
370
History and Surveys / Aperqu historique et études diverses Indian Art / Art amerindien History and Surveys / Aperçu historique et études diverses
370 376
376
Contents / Table des matières ix Northeastern Woodlands and the Beothuk / Indiens des forêts du Nord-Est et Béothuks 387 Plains and Great Basin / Indiens des plaines et Indiens du bassin 401 Northwest Coast and Plateau / Indiens de la côte nordouest et Indiens du plateau 411
Western Canada / Provinces de 1'Ouest
832
Manitoba
834
Saskatchewan
836
Alberta
836
British Columbia / Colombie-Britannique
838
Subarctic / Regions subarctiques
436
Indian Art in the 20th Century / Art amérindien au XXe siècle
440
Vancouver
446
Victoria
Inuit Art / Art inuit History and Surveys; Arts in the 20th Century / Aperçi historique et etudes diverses; arts au XXe siècle
446
Prehistoric / Préhistoire
459
Sculpture
466
Printmaking / Gravure
473
483
ARCHITECTURE
Architecture
783
Canada
783
History and Surveys / Apercu historique et études diverses
783
Conservation and Restoration / Conservation et restauration
798
Atlantic Canada / Provinces de 1'Atlantique
801
Newfoundland / Terre-Neuve
801
Prince Edward Island / He du Prince-Edouard
803
New Brunswick / Nouveau-Brunswick
803
Nova Scotia / Nouvelle-Ecosse
804
Quebec History and Surveys / Aperqu historique et études diverses
807
Montreal
807 813
Quebec
818
Ontario
838
840 842
Yukon
842
Northern Canada / Nord canadien
843
Awards and Competitions / Prix et concours
843
Canadian Architect Yearbook Awards / Canadian Architect Yearbook: prix et récompenses
843
Massey Medals for Architecture / Médailles Massey en architecture 846
ARTISTS/ARTISTES
Artists I Artistes
History and Surveys / Aperçu historique et études diverses
820
Art and Architecture / Art et architecture
851
Architectural Profession / La profession d'architecte
853
Education of Architects / Formation des architectes
853
Professional Practice / Pratique de la profession
859
Architects and Builders / Architectes et batisseurs
863
Building Types / Types de constructions
873
Military Architecture: Forts, Fortifications / Architecture militaire: forts, fortifications
873
Canada
873
Atlantic Canada / Provinces de 1'Atlantique
874
Quebec
876
Ontario
877
Western Canada / Provinces de 1'Ouest
880
Domestic Architecture: Houses, Apartment Buildings / Architecture domestique: maisons, immeubles d'habitation 881 Canada
881
Atlantic Canada / Provinces de 1'Atlantique
886
Quebec
888
Ontario
897
History and Surveys / Aperçu historique et études diverses
820
Western Canada / Provinces de 1'Ouest
901
Ottawa
828
Northern Canada / Nord canadien
905
Toronto
830
Awards and Competitions / Prix et concours
905
x Contents / Table des matières Government Houses / Residences officielles Religious Architecture: Churches and Seminaries / Architecture religieuse: églises et séminaires
907
Commerce, Finance, and Industry / Commerce, finance et Industrie 949
908
Canada
908
Banks, Stock Exchanges / Banques, édifices de la Bourse
949
Atlantic Canada / Provinces de 1'Atlantique
909
Exhibition Buildings / Bâtiments d'exposition
953
Quebec
910
Ontario
922
Farm Buildings / Bâtiments agricoles
955
Western Canada / Provinces de 1'Ouest
923
Industrial Buildings / Bâtiments industriels
956
Northern Canada / Nord canadien
925
Hotels, Resorts / Hotels, bâilments de villégiature
959
Office Buildings / Immeubles a bureaux
961
Parliament and Legislative Buildings / Edifices parlementaires et législatifs Canada: Ottawa
925 925
Prince Edward Island: Charlottetown / Ile du PrinceEdouard: Charlottetown 926 New Brunswick: Fredericton / Nouveau-Brunswick: Fredericton 927 Québec: Québec
Alberta: Edmonton
927 927 927 928 928 929
British Columbia: Victoria / Colombie-Britannique: Victoria
929
Ontario: Toronto Western Canada / Provinces de 1'Ouest Manitoba: Winnipeg Saskatchewan: Regina
Public Buildings / Edifices publiques
930
History and Surveys; Miscellaneous Buildings / Aperçu historique et études diverses; edifices divers 930 City Halls / Hôtels de ville
931
Court Houses / Palais de justice
933
Health Centres, Hospitals / Centres médicaux, hopitaux
934
Libraries / Bibliothèques
937
Post Offices / Bureaux de poste
939
Prisons
939
Culture, Recreation, and Sports / Culture, loisirs et sports
939
Canada
961
Quebec
962
Ontario
965
Western Canada / Provinces de 1'Ouest
967
Shopping Centres, Stores, Markets / Centres commerciaux, magasins, marches
968
Education: Schools, Colleges, and Universities / Education: écoles, colleges et universités
970
Canada
970
Nova Scotia / Nouvelle-Ecosse
973
Quebec
973
Ontario
975
Manitoba
980
Saskatchewan
980
Alberta British Columbia / Colombie-Britannique
980 981
Transportation and Communications / Transport et communications
982
History and Surveys / Aperçu historique ét etudes diverses
982
Airports / Aéroports
982
Lighthouses / Phares
983
Railway Stations / Gares
984
Subway Stations / Stations de métro
986
Volume 2 Guide to Using Volume 2 Abbreviations
vii xix
Author Index
3
Subject Index
35
Guide de 1'utilisateur, volume 2 Abréviations
Index des auteurs Index des sujets traités
xm xix 3 301
Towards the Discovery of Canadian Cultural History Foreword by Ramsay Cook
Whenever I read disquisitions about the method proper to one of the disciplines my reaction tends to be pragmatic: Go ahead and do it, and we shall be able to judge. E.H. GOMBRICH, Art History and the Social Sciences (1975) Although the last twenty-five years have witnessed a substantial growth of interest, popular and scholarly, in Canadian culture, the history of culture in Canada still remains in obscurity. There have, of course, been many valuable surveys, monographs, and articles devoted to Canadian painting and architecture, and biographies of individual artists. The Canadian canon may even have been established. Russell Harper, for example, has not only set out the principal signposts of "high art" in his encyclopaedic Painting in Canada; he has also explored the "popular arts" in his A People's Art: Primitive, Naive, Provincial and Folk Art in Canada. Similarly, in the field of architectural history works range from solid surveys like Alan Gowan's Building Canada: An Architectural History of Canadian Life to such fine studies of public buildings as The Cornerstones of Order: Court Houses and Town Halls of Ontario; 1784-1914 by Marion MacRae and Anthony Adamson and Georges-Gauthier Larouche's L'evolution de la maison rurale laurentienne} The listing of these titles only skims the surface, for there are many other books and articles that fill holes here and offer new insights there. The history of the main themes in Canadian art and architecture is well begun. But cultural history is something else. These works of art and architectural history, valuable as they are, are all limited by an approach that leaves their content and conclusions isolated from the broader cultural and social currents in which paintings and weaving, buildings and sculpture are made. Most writing about cultural activity in Canada - poetry, painting, novels, plays, and the plastic arts - falls into a tradition of scholarship accurately characterized by Pierre Schneider in his study Matisse, where he writes: "Art history, and especially the history of Modern art, tends to recognize what art works are made of, where they come from, what they lead to, how they are constructed and how they function. Art historians tell us that a painting merits a place in the history of art when it adds a new chapter to that history. A visual document among other visual documents, the painting is housed in a museum in accordance with a logic which constitutes its meaning and its raison d'etre - its own objective, verifiable history."2 Such an approach can and does result in work of excellent quality, but it is not cultural history, rather only a necessary step towards it. Writing cultural history means placing a work of art in the
broad context of its original creation. Just as it is no longer possible to defend the "innocent eye" theory of creation (forever exploded by E.H. Gombrich's Art and Illusion),3 so it is surely unsatisfactory or at least incomplete to attempt to understand a work of art without reference to the sociocultural milieu in which it was born. That is not to argue that artists are mere "epiphenomena," faithfully if mysteriously reflecting the economic substructure or even the intellectual hegemony of their time. The relationship of an artist to society is a subtle and complex one ranging from the adversarial avant-garde to the court creator. That relationship must be examined on a case-by chapitres complets sont consacres a la broderie, y compris les ouvrages des ursulines et de leurs eleves indiens au XVIIIe siecle; 1'orfevrerie; la sculpture sur bois, avant 1760 et au XIXe siecle. On y traite plus particulierement des sculpteurs Jean-Baptiste Cote et Louis Jobin. Barbeau visita 1'atelier de ce dernier en 1925. 2172 Gauvreau, Jean-Marie. A La Malbaie: centre de 1'artisanat quebecois. Technique 12 no 4 (avril 1937) 165-169. 2 ill, Fr En 1937, la region rurale de La Malbaie (Que) acquiert le titre de "Centre de 1'artisanat quebecois" grace a la qualite et a la diversite des produits q'on y trouve. Dans son article, Gauvreau cite les nombreuses families d'artisans et leurs specialites. 2173 Gauvreau, Jean-Marie. L'artisanat dans la province de Quebec. Technique 12 no 3 (mars 1937) 129-133,138. Fr
L'auteur souhaite une action concertee, confiee a 1'initiative privee, qui encouragerait 1'artisanat et la petite Industrie dans les regions rurales du Quebec. 2174 Gauvreau, Jean-Marie. Quelques artisans de la Mauricie et de Saint-Jean-Port-Joli. Technique 12 no 6 (juin 1937) 283-289.10 ill, Fr A Trois-Rivieres, Gauvreau rencontre Mile Monique Bureau qui etudie chez les ursulines le dessin et le tissage, le cuir repousse, la reliure et la peinture sur verre. Gauvreau signale, originaires de Saint-Jean-Port-Joli, Leo Arbour, sculpteur sur bois; Henri Beaulac, relieur d'art; les freres Lebrun, maitres de forges; Eugene Leclerc, batelier miniaturiste; enfin le sculpteur Medard Bourgault. 2175 Lamontagne, J.-G. L'ecole d'arts et metiers de Chicoutimi. Technique 12 no 10 (dec 1937) 458-459. 3 ill, Fr L'originalite des travaux d'eleves presentes a 1'Exposition annuelle de 1'Ecole d'arts et metiers de Chicoutimi (Que) consiste a reveler des modeles en s'inspirant des meilleurs styles. On a expose plus de 250 pieces de menuiserie, d'ebenisterie et de fer. 2176 Gauvreau, Jean-Marie. Comment orienter 1'artisanat dans la province de Quebec. Technique 14 no 3 (avril 1939) 232-239. Fr Le directeur de 1'Ecole du meuble de Montreal, Jean-Marie Gauvreau se livre a quelques considerations, pronant une forme negligee d'artisanat qui n'entre pas en conflit avec la grande industrie, et qui par ses motifs et ses produits (laine, lin, bois, argUe) temoigne du caractere propre de la province. 2177 Morisset, Gerard. Les arts domestiques: hier et aujourdlmi. Technique 14 no 3 (mars 1939) 205-208. Fr Selon Morisset, 1'importante production d'arts domestiques au Canada francais aux environs des annees 1790, laisse croire a 1'existence d'une ecole d'arts decoratifs a 1'epoque. Ceci correspond pour nos artisans a un age d'or qui se serait prolonge grace aux traditions jusqu'au milieu du XIXe siecle, 1'industrialisation etant cause d'une decadence, la guerre, puis la crise economique, devrait conduire a une reaction en faveur d'une plus grande imagination dans le domaine. 2178 Barbeau, Marius. Terroir insulaire. Canada francais 27 no 6 (fevr 1940) 492-502. Fr Barbeau tente de reconstituer un tableau de la vie insulaire sur 1'ile aux Coudres en observant et en relevant les caracteristiques de ces objets: une berceuse, un couvre-pied, une horloge portant la marque de Fortin (artisan de Saint-Jean-Port-Joli) et un voilier miniature sculpte. Pour finir, 1'auteur relate comment les insulaires communiquaient avec le monde exterieur. 2179 Gauvreau, Jean-Marie. Artisans du Quebec. Trois-Rivieres, Que: Editions du Bien public, 1940. 224 p, 80 ill, index, Fr Pour Jean-Marie Gauvreau, qui a collabore aux nombreuses initiatives prises en faveur de 1'artisanat depuis 15 ans et qui est 1'actuel directeur de 1'Ecole du meuble a Montreal (Que), le but de cet ouvrage n'est pas de dresser 1'inventaire de toutes les formes d'artisanat pratiquees dans le passe, mais 1'occasion de livrer quelques con-
Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs 257 siderations personnelles sur la situation presente. II se preoccupe principalement de la formation des artisans et de leur orientation. II rend compte de quelques manifestations comme 1'exposition qui s'est tenue en 1940 sur 1'ile Sainte-Helene. A la suite de visites faites a des ateliers, il trace quelques "silhouettes d'artisans" notamment les graveurs sur bois Medard Bourgault, Elzear Soucy Leo Arbour, Eugene Leclerc, Zenon Alary; les freres Lebrun, forgerons; 1'orfevre Gilles Beaugrand et le ceramiste Jean-Jacques Spenard. 2180 Morisset, Gerard. Notre heritage franc.ais dans les arts. Action nationale 15 no 6 (juin-juil 1940) 418-425. Fr Transmis au pays par les corporations, 1'esprit francais a donne lieu a un style canadien qui a evolue au gre des emprunts assimilables (les styles Louis XIV, Louis XV et Louis XVI). Apres la tourmente romantique et 1'invasion de tous les styles entre 1835 et 1850,1'heritage franc,ais reussit a survivre difficilement. 2181 Barbeau, Marius. Arts et metiers. Revue trimestrielle canadienne 27 (dec 1941) 385-391. Fr Barbeau relate les difficultes eprouvees par les premiers colons pour la construction d'eglises en pierre. Ceci denotait le besoin, en Nouvelle-France, d'hommes de metier. La fondation de 1'Ecole des arts et metiers en 1675 par Mgr de Laval s'averait d'une importance capitale pour le nouveau pays. C'est ainsi que les plus gros contingents d'artisans arriverent de France en 1675 et 1690. Barbeau enumere les divers metiers exerces a Quebec en 1744, puis analyse les arts qui y ont excelle: la sculpture sur bois, 1'architecture, la broderie, la dorure, 1'orfevrerie, 1'ebenisterie, puis la poterie, le mobilier, la ceinture flechee et le tissage. 2182 Gauvreau, Jean-Marie. Le Centre artisanal de Saint-Hilaire. Technique 16 no 8 (oct 1941) 544-546. Fr Une seconde exposition annuelle (1941) permet de constater 1'importante influence que les fondateurs du Centre artisanal de Saint-Hilaire (Que) exercent sur les artistes de cette region. 2183 Barbeau, Marius. Folk Arts in French Canada. Educational Record of the Province of Quebec 58 no 1 (Jan-Mar 1942) 40-45. En An overview of folk art in Quebec, encompassing such arts as embroidery, metalwork, architecture, woodcarving, birchbark work and leatherwork, bookbinding, waxwork, painting, and boutonne weaving. Barbeau discusses the origins of these arts, their techniques, the adaptation of European methods to Canada, the importance of Quebec art to North America, and variations in style and materials. 2184 Barbeau, Marius. Nos arts populaires. Canada frangais 30 no 1 (sept 1942) 5-15. Fr Barbeau evoque les traditions manuelles et artistiques de la Nouvelle-France. II enumere les principaux metiers traditionnels et fournit des exemples dans le domaine de 1'architecture, de la menuiserie et de la sculpture. Apres avoir souligne le role joue par les religieuses dans 1'enseignement de la broderie, 1'auteur decrit le travail de deux artisans contemporains de l'ile aux Coudres (Que): le pere Mailloux, chaisier, et Victoire Pednaud, tisserande de "boutonnues".
2185 Beriau, Oscar A. The Revival of Crafts in Quebec. Maritime Art 3 no 4 (Apr-May 1943) 101-103. 2 ill, En The Director General of Handicrafts for Quebec describes the development of Quebec's provincial handicraft movement, following the foundation of the Provincial School of Handicrafts in 1930. Various organizations and activities are identified. 2186 Beriau, Oscar A. Quebec Handicraft. House & Garden 85 (June 1944) 30-35,100. 39 ill, En The director of the Quebec School of Handicrafts outlines the history of the revival of traditional patterns and techniques of weaving and rug-making that began in Quebec in 1929 and led to the founding of the School the following year. He draws attention to craft activity by School graduates and Scandinavian influences introduced by immigrant craftspeople. The numerous illustrations picture older crafts or new work in traditional styles. 2187 Barbeau, Marius. Saintes artisanes, 2: mille petites adresses. Montreal, Que: Fides, 1946. 157 p (Cahiers d'art Area 3), 33 ill, bibl, Fr L'auteur decrit les divers ouvrages manuels auxquels s'adonnaient les religieuses de Nouvelle-France: le tissage, la dentelle, la sculpture, la dorure, la peinture, la reliure, la boulangerie et la patisserie. 2188 Rioux, Paul; Gauvreau, Jean-Marie. Les formes de 1'activite artisanale. Royal Society of Canada. Proceedings and Transactions / Societe royale du Canada. Memoires et comptes rendus, troisieme serie, section 1 41 (1947) 69-87. Fr Apres un rappel de 1'origine historique de 1'artisanat au Quebec, les auteurs traitent de la renaissance des arts traditionnels (le tissage, la fabrication des tapis, la ceramique, la sculpture sur bois) au XXe siecle et du support apporte par le gouvernement et par divers organismes pour promouvoir un regain d'activite. II est question aussi des problemes se rattachant a cette nouvelle initiative (definition de 1'artisan et de differents termes, production en vue de 1'echange) et des differentes formes de 1'industrie (fabrication en serie, entrepreneur, Industrie artisanale). Les auteurs tentent egalement de definir ce que 1'on entend par activite artisanale. 2189 Barbeau, Marius. Are the Real Folk Arts and Crafts Dying Out? Canadian Art 5 no 3 (Winter 1948) 128-133. 8 ill, En Barbeau considers some of the unfortunate consequences of the popularization of crafts in Quebec over the previous 20 years, including the theft of ideas and fierce competition. He suggests the encouragement of traditional conditions that provide apprenticeship within the family, and the promotion in children of the development of talent and imagination rather than the imposition of rigid standards in drawing and modelling. 2190 Gauvreau, Jean-Marie. L'artisanat du Quebec. Technique 24 no 8 / 10 (oct / nov 1949) 537-543 / 609-613. Fr. Reimpression, Royal Society of Canada. Proceedings and Transactions / Societe royale du Canada. Memoires et comptes rendus, troisieme serie, section 1, 63 (juin 1949) 23-38 Cette etude repose sur quatre points dont 1'objectif principal est de demontrer que la province de Quebec reconnait 1'artisanat comme un de ses caracteres ethniques:
258 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs 1'aide distribute par les autorites de la province, la sympathie d'un public comprehensif et toujours croissant, le travail honnete et consciencieux des artisans et la contribution essentielle des artistes. L'auteur mentionne divers organismes participant a la renaissance et a la diffusion de 1'artisanat, entres autres, 1'Office provincial de 1'artisanat et de la petite Industrie, 1'Ecole du meuble, le Comite national de dessin industriel, 1'Ecole des arts domestiques de Quebec. II est question aussi du "Grand Prix" decerne par le Secretariat de la province et accorde pour la premiere fois, en 1948, a la section des arts decoratifs. 2191 Oglesby, Catharine. French Provincial in Canada, 1613-1870. French Provincial Decorative Art, p 105-118. New York, NY: Charles Scribner's, 1951. 34 ill, En A single chapter in a book on the decorative arts of provincial France is devoted to the French provincial style in Quebec. The author is concerned primarily with furniture and silver, and emphasizes the isolation of the colony from France and the continuation of later 17th century and early 18th century styles long after they fell out of fashion in France. 2192 Barbeau, Marius. Tresor des anciens j estates. Ottawa, Ont: Musee national du Canada, 1957. xv,242 p (Musee national du Canada. Bulletion no 153. Serie Anthropologique 43), cert ill, Fr L'auteur decrit la constitution du tresor que possedaient les anciens jesuites en Nouvelle-France, objets relies au culte: argenterie, vases liturgiques, statues, tableaux, vetements sacerdotaux, de meme que le materiel didactique utilise pour 1'evangelisation des Indiens. Quelques legendes celebres y sont relatees, suivies d'un catalogue raisonne de 1'ensemble de ces biens. 2193 Montreal (Que), Universite de Montreal. Une exposition d'art de la Province: ceramique, sculpture, email, joaillerie, orfevrerie. 16 oct-3 nov 1957. Organisee par la Societe artistique des etudiants, Universite de Montreal. Robert Elie. 32 p, 19 ill, 93 oeuvres exp, Fr Ce catalogue regroupe 42 artistes du Quebec oeuvrant dans les domaines de la ceramique, de la sculpture, des emaux, de la joaillerie et de 1'orfevrerie. En plus des illustrations des oeuvres exposees, on trouvera un court texte de Robert Elie sur 1'objet d'art. 2194 Marquis, Maurice. Mains habiles - Mains agiles... sculpture, artisanat, handicraft. Montmagny, Que: Marquis, 196(7). 133 p, many ill, Fr,En Cet ouvrage traitant de 1'artisanat au village de Saint-Jean-Port-Joli, comprend de courts essais sur Medard et Jean-Julien Bourgault (sculpteurs sur bois), Mme Edmond Chamard (rouet, tissage et crochet), Eugene Leclerc (sculpture sur bois), 1'eminente famille de Gaspe, le manoir d'Haberville et 1'eglise de Saint-Jean-Port-Joli. Des photographies d'une cinquantaine d'artisans et de leurs oeuvres, accompagnees de courtes legendes constituent la majeure partie de cet ouvrage dedie a 1'artisanat de Saint-Jean-Port-Joli (Quebec). Marquis deals with crafts in the village of Saint-Jean-Port-Joli, Quebec, with brief essays on Medard and Jean-Julien Bourgault (woodcarving), Mme. Edmond Chamard (spinning, weaving, and crocheting), Eugene Leclerc (woodcarving and miniature shipbuilding), the
prominent de Gaspe family, the Manoir d'Haberville, and the Church of Saint-Jean-Port-Joli, but most of the book consists of photographs of approximately 50 craftspeople and their work. 2195 Viau, Guy. Reflexions sur 1'artisanat au pays de Quebec. Citelibre 11 no 32 (dec 1960) 28-30. Fr A 1'occasion du concours artistique de la province de Quebec de I960, 1'auteur s'indigne de la confusion des genres qui regne entre les arts decoratifs et 1'esthetique industrielle. II etablit la difference entre 1'artisanat "naif et 1'artisanat professionnel, souligne le travail des artistes pour revivifier la tradition artisanale et insiste sur le critere de qualite artistique de la production en serie. Viau termine en proposant la creation d'un centre provincial d'esthetique industrielle et certaines reformes dans les concours artistiques annuels. 2196 Derome, Gilles. Artisanat ou supercherie? Maclean 1 no 7 (sept 1961) 17-19,52. 9 ill, Fr Pour 1'auteur, 1'epoque de 1'artisanat rural est revolu et le temps de 1'organisation de 1'artisanat moderne est termine. II s'insurge centre un artisanat de reproduction et suggere aux artisans de s'inspirer des modeles finlandais, japonais, italien ainsi que du principe de la centrale des arts appliques America House. 2197 Morisset, Gerard. Sculpture et arts decoratifs. Vie des arts 26 (printemps 1962) 38-42. 8 ill, Fr Tout en decrivant quelques oeuvres d'art ancien du Canada, exposees a Bordeaux, 1'auteur retrace 1'evolution de la sculpture et des arts decoratifs a partir du XVIIe siecle. Dans un second temps, il aborde 1'orfevrerie et decrit son evolution depuis ses debuts au XVIIIe siecle avec Michel Levasseur, et il presente 1'oeuvre d'orfevres montrealais et quebecois. 2198 Jasmin, Claude. Les artisans createurs. Montreal, Que: Lidec, 1967.118 p (Collection du CEP 2), plus ill, bibl, Fr Les artisans se servent de materiaux disponibles localement pour executer leurs oeuvres: bois, laine, terre, cuir, verre, metaux. L'ouvrage contient des illustrations de sculptures, de ceramiques, de murales et d'emaux. 2199 Lamy, Suzanne; Lamy, Laurent. La renaissance des metiers d'art au Canada f rancais. Quebec, Que: ministere des Affaires culturelles, 1967.84 p (Collection Art, vie et sciences au Canada franqais 7), plus ill, bibl, index, Fr Dans cette brochure, les auteurs traitent de 1'eveil artistique au Quebec qui eut lieu vers 1940, lors du retour d'Europe d'Alfred Pellan. On y presente plusieurs artisans et artistes, dont le nom est rattache a des techniques, tels le tissage, la ceramique, le vitrail, 1'orfevrerie et la mosaique. 2200 Seguin, Robert-Lionel. L'artisanat. Visages de la civilisation au Canada franqais: etudes rassemblees par la Societe royale du Canada, p 119-130. Edite par Leopold Lamontagne. Toronto, Ont / Quebec, Que: Public pour le compte de la Societe royale du Canada par University of Toronto Press et Les Presses de 1'Universite Laval, 1970. bibl, Fr D'abord appele travaux domestiques, 1'artisanat du debut de la colonie de la Nouvelle-France est 1'affaire des femmes. L'auteur relate les debuts modestes de ces travaux:
Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs 259 broderie, dentelle, couture, confection de tissus, crochet et enfin, preparation de la laine: cardage, filage et tissage, pratiquee a partir du debut du XVIIIe siecle. Seguin explique les techniques et decrit les instruments utilises. II mentionne aussi la fabrication des chapeaux de paille, le coutil, la catalogne, la courtepointe. II observe que la longueur et la rigueur de 1'hiver ont grandement contribue a 1'avenement des travaux domestiques. 2201 Lafreniere, Michel; Gagnon, Francois. A la decouverte du passe: f ouilles a la place Royale. Quebec, Que: ministere des Affaires culturelles, 1971.92 p (Collection Civilisation du Quebec 7), 73 ill, plans, diagr, cartes, Fr Dans cet ouvrage abondamment illustre, on presente quelques-unes des pieces, principalement de la verrerie, de la faience et de la poterie, provenant des maisons Charest et Milot, lors de leur restauration pendant 1'automne de 1970. Les objets datent du milieu du XVIIe siecle jusqu'a la fin du XLXe. Les auteurs decrivent 1'histoire des deux maisons ainsi que les recherches archeologiques effectuees. 2202 Lessard, Michel; Marquis, Huguette. Encyclopedic des antiquites du Quebec: trois siecles de production artisanale. Montreal, Que: Les Editions de l'Homme, 1971. 256 p, plus ill, bibl, index, Fr. Version anglaise: Complete Guide to French-Canadian Antiques Etude detaillee et bien documented des origines, des styles et des techniques de fabrication servant d'introduction et de guide de reference a la collection d'antiquites. Cet ouvrage comprend des informations sur les compagnies de fabrication et sur les artisans, sur 1'evolution des styles, sur la valeur des objets, sur la restauration, ainsi qu'un catalogue descriptif et un glossaire. 2203 Lessard, Michel; Marquis, Huguette. La collection Macdonald-Stewart. Vie des arts 65 (hiver 1971-1972) 20-23; En summary 91. 9 ill, Fr L'article porte sur la collection Macdonald-Stewart de Montreal qui reunit quelque 2000 objets d'art menager et articles de cuisine des XVIIe et XVIIIe siecles. Selon les auteurs, plusieurs pieces de cette collection permettent d'etablir des relations entre la production franchise et quebecoise dans ce domaine. Us mentionnent particulierement des motifs decoratifs semblables et souhaitent voir se realiser une recherche comparative plus poussee. 2204 Palardy, Jean. Le Canada et son heritage francais: The Macdonald Stewart Collection. Quebec histoire I no 3-4 (juil-dec 1971) 24-30. 4 ill, Fr,En La compagnie des tabacs Macdonald et la famille Stewart ont collectionne des objets et des documents concernant tous les domaines de la vie quotidienne (militaire, maritime, culturelle et artisanale) sous les regimes franqais et anglais. L'article porte sur une exposition d'articles faisant partie de la collection: boiseries franchises sculptees au debut du XVIIIe siecle, ustensiles de cheminee et de cuisine en fer forge, cuivre, bronze et etain, et appareils d'eclairage d'origine franchise allant du XVe siecle au debut du XIXe siecle. The Macdonald Tobacco Company and the Stewart family have acquired artifacts and documents relating to the history and daily life of Canada, including military and marine objects and items relating to civilian life under the French and British regimes. This article is based on an
exhibition of items from the collection: early 18th century carved French panelling; French fireplace and kitchen utensils made of wrought iron, red copper, brass, bronze, and pewter; and lighting fixtures dating from the 15th century to the early 19th century. 2205 Artisanat-Design: le pavilion du Quebec 1972, Terre des Hommes. Culture vivante 25 (juil 1972) 17-32. 57 ill, Fr Les differents themes de 1'exposition Artisanat-Design au pavilion du Quebec 1972, a Terre des Hommes (Montreal) sont definis: pourquoi on est ici, le grenier, les costumes et les toponymes, motifs et graffiti, le culte de 1'etranger, 1'expression acutelle, le musee folklorique, les pionniers, les dix regions economiques, le magasin general. 2206 Espessat, Helene; Hardy, Jean-Pierre; Ruddel, Thiery. Le monde du travail au Quebec au XVIIIe et au XIXe siecles: historiographie et etat de la question. Revue d'histoire de I'Amerique franchise 25 no 4 (mars 1972) 499-539. Fr Etude dans laquelle on aborde les problemes relatifs a 1'historiographie du monde du travail et qui sert a donner un bref aperqu des principaux articles et ouvrages parus sur ce sujet. L'analyse critique de ceux-ci se limite au Quebec des XVIIIe et XIXe siecles. Apres avoir envisage les problemes du travail dans certaines etudes d'histoire economique, les auteurs concentrent leur attention sur les ouvrages relatifs aux artisans, aux ouvriers et au mouvement ouvrier du XIXe siecle. En conclusion, on traite de quelques perspectives de recherche. 2207 Hardy, Jean-Pierre. L'apprentissage a Quebec sous le regime francais. Maitrise, Histoire. Quebec, Que: Universite Laval, 1972.134 p, bibl, Fr Memoire portant sur 1'etude des apprentis de la ville de Quebec (Que) sous le regime franqais, leur milieu de travail et leur formation. L'auteur s'attarde sur la conception et le developpement de 1'apprentissage, les conditions generates de travail, ainsi que sur 1'organisation et la structure des ateliers. 2208 Lessard, Michel; Marquis, Huguette. L'artisanat dtder: une invitation au depassement. Culture vivante 25 (juil 1972) 8-16.17 ill, Fr Avant 1'ere industrielle, les artisans concpivent et executent tous les objets necessaires a 1'existence. Les auteurs expliquent le sens createur et fonctionnel de 1'artisan et sa relation avec son travail et son oeuvre. Avec 1'avenement de la machine a la fin du XIXe siecle, des objets manufactures remplacent les produits de 1'artisanat. Cependant, un mouvement s'amorce dans les annees 1930 et 1940, encourageant le retour aux metiers d'art. Le gouvernement du Quebec participe a cette renaissance en creant un organisme voue au regain et au marche des arts et metiers. 2209 Marquis, Maurice; Ouellet, Gerard; Saint-Pierre, Angeline. L'artisanat a Saint-Jean Port-Joli / Handicrafts of Saint-Jean Port-Joli. Quebec histoire 2 no 1 (automne 1972) 67-78. 9 ill, cartes, Fr,En Cet ouvrage constitue un synopsis des principaux artisans de Saint-Jean-Port-Joli et est base sur deux articles: "St-Jean-Port-Joli: capitale de 1'artisanat" par Angeline Saint-Pierre et "Hommage a Jean-Julien Bourgault, recipiendiaire de 1'ordre du Canada" par Gerard Ouellet. Marquis introduit les grands noms de la sculpture sur bois: Medard Bourgault (1897-1967), specialiste en art
260 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs religieux et ancien chef de file; son frere Jean-Julien (ne en 1910) et Eugene Leclerc (1886-1968) specialiste en bateaux miniatures. II signale egalement 1'importance de la tisserande Mme Edmond Chamard dans le filage au rouet et 1'art du crochet. An overview in two articles of prominent craftspeople in Saint-Jean-Port-Joli (Quebec): Ouellet's "Hommage a Jean-Julien Bourgault, recipiendiaire de 1'ordre du Canada" and Saint-Pierre's "St-Jean-Port-Joli: capitale de 1'artisanat." Discussed are sculptors Medard (1897-1967) and JeanJulien Bourgault (b 1910), Eugene Leclerc (1886-1968; a maker of miniature sailboats), and Mme Edmond Chamard, who plays an important role in the revival of spinning and crocheting. 2210 Seguin, Robert-Lionel. Les ustensiles en NouvelleFrance. Montreal, Que: Lemeac, 1972. 143 p (Collection Connaissance), 24 ill, bibl, index, Fr Seguin decrit les ustensiles utilises dans les interieurs quebecois aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siecles. II presente d'abord les ustensiles servant a attiser, entretenir et souffler le feu dans 1'atre, puis les recipients a mesurer et les ustensiles qui servaient a faire bouillir, cuire, frire, consommer et conserver les aliments. Le dernier chapitre est consacre a 1'argenterie domestique. Un index des ustensiles cites et un index des noms propres sont places en fin d'ouvrage. 2211 Simard, Cyril. Concept artisanat-design: contribution au developpement d'economies regionales. Culture vivante 25 (juil 1972) 3-7. 8 ill, Fr L'auteur decrit les objectifs culturels et economiques de 1'exposition Artisanat-Design au pavilion du Quebec de Terre des Hommes (Montreal) en 1972. II s'attarde particulierement au concept d'amenagement et au mecanisme de consultation qui a precede 1'organisation de 1'exposition. II mentionne, en terminant, quelques activites prevues par le programme d'animation. 2212 Girouard-Decarie, Jeanne. La fermiere canadienne-franc.aise. Quebec histoire 2 no 2 (hiver 1973) 32-36. 4 ill, Fr L'auteure souligne le role qu'a joue la femme dans le developpement de la colonie. L'exemple de Marie Pollet Hebert indique 1'importance de la femme dans 1'industrie domestique. L'auteure parle aussi de 1'arrivee des filles du Roi, et du travail des ursulines, de Marguerite Bourgeois (Bourgeoys), et de madame de Repentigny et de ses manufactures de textiles. Elle explique comment le contrecoup de la revolution industrielle fut une catastrophe pour la fermiere du Quebec, alors que le marche s'emplissait de produits manufactures. Enfin, 1'auteure parle de la renaissance des travaux domestiques grace a la fondation du premier "Cercle des fermieres" en 1915. 2213 Inkel, Henriette. La Centrale d'artisanat et 1'economie du Quebec. Commerce 75 no 10 (oct 1973) 74-78.11 ill, Fr L'auteure presente la philosophie et 1'histoire de la Centrale d'artisanat du Quebec (Montreal), fondee en 1945. En 1970, elle est reorganised avec 1'aide de Cyril Simard. On adopte des methodes modernes de gestion et de marketing et on met sur pied 12 centres de production. Depuis 1973, la Centrale a la responsabilite d'etre 1'interlocuteur officiel du Gouvernement en matiere d'art. L'auteure definit le role de la Centrale qui est d'etablir des liens professionnels
entre designers et artisans et de favoriser le developpement de 1'economie. 2214 Moogk, Peter Nicholas. The Craftsmen of New France. 29 ill, diagr, bibl, En. Canadian Theses on Microfiche no 27925. Ottawa, Ont: National Library of Canada This detailed study of craftsmen working in New France is divided into three principal sections: "The Government and the Manual Trades," "The Sources of Skilled Labour," and "Artisan Life in the Colony." Moogk covers a wide range of artisans, including metalworkers, joiners, shoemakers, bakers, and butchers. His concern is with the concept of craftsmanship and its attendant problems and issues in New France (immigrant workers, apprenticeship, journeymen and indentured craftsmen, associations among artisans, etc.) rather than with studying the craft per se. 2215 Paris (France), Centre culturel canadien / Canadian Cultural Centre. Metiers d'art. 1973,1976,1979. Fr,En Les expositions Metiers d'art ont eu lieu au Centre culturel canadien a Paris (France) en 1973,1976 et 1979. Au total, 26 artisans de tous les coins du pays ont presente leurs oeuvres lors de ces trois expositions: joailliers, ceramistes, tapissiers, un orfevre, un relieur, un maitre verrier, et des representants de differents metiers d'art. Le texte du catalogue comprend des resumes biographiques, des reflexions de la part des artistes relativement a leur oeuvre auxquels s'ajoutent parfois quelques critiques qui ne font pas plus d'un paragraphe. Les catalogues qui accompagnent les deux premieres expositions sont rediges en franqais seulement, et le troisieme catalogue est bilingue. On compte au moins une illustration en noir et blanc pour chaque artiste represente. The Metiers d'art exhibitions were held at the Canadian Cultural Centre in Paris (France) in 1973,1976, and 1979. A total of 26 craftspersons from all over Canada jewellers, ceramicists, tapestry-makers, a goldsmith, a bookbinder, a glassblower, and representatives of numerous other crafts - showed their work in the three exhibitions. The catalogue text is limited to biographical summaries, statements by the artists, and, occasionally, a critical paragraph on their work. The catalogues for the first and second exhibitions are in French only. The catalogue for the third exhibition is in both French and English. Each artist is represented by at least one black-and-white illustration. 2216 Robert, Guy. Faire metier d'art. Maclean 13 no 12 (dec 1973) 33,40-41. 3 ill, Fr L'auteur enumere les principales tendances dans le monde des ateliers d'artisans au Quebec qui ressemblent davantage a de petites industries. Le passage du folklore a 1'industrialisation s'effectue depuis 1968, date du premier Salon des metiers d'art de Montreal. Trois ateliers sont donnes en exemple: celui du joallier Guy Vidal, 1'atelier d'emaillerie de Micheline de Passille-Sylvestre et celui du couple Michele et Alain Tremblay qui pratiquent la poterie. 2217 Seguin, Robert-Lionel. La civilisation traditionnelle de Inhabitant" aux 17e et 18e siecles. Montreal, Que: Fides, 1973. 701 p (Collection Fleur de lys), 33 ill, diagr, bibl, Fr. Premiere edition, 1967
Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs 261 On retrace la vie que menait 1'habitant en Nouvelle-France. I/habitation, 1'amenagement interieur, les dependances (la grange, 1'etable, la cabane a sucre) et le costume aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siecles sont passes en revue. Selon 1'auteur, ce milieu materiel d'avant la Conquete temoigne d'un gout du luxe de par ses beaux costumes et son riche mobilier. 2218 Genet, Nicole; Decarie-Audet, Louise; Vermette, Luce. Les objets familiers de nos ancetres. Preface de RobertLionel Seguin. Montreal, Que: Les Editions de 1'Homme, 1974. 303 p, plus ill, diagr, bibl, Fr Cet ouvrage est presente sous forme de lexique contenant plus de 400 mots, se rapportant aux choses usuelles de la vie quotidienne d'autrefois, classes par ordre alphabetique. Le but de cette etude terminologique est de reconstituer le decor quotidien a Montreal durant les annees 1740-1760. On y traite du mobilier, du luminaire, du linge de table et de lit, des ustensiles et de quelques pieces de tonnellerie. Des citations tirees de textes anciens sont rapportees telles quelles dans 1'orthographe phonetique. 2219 Lessard, Michel; Marquis, Huguette. Complete Guide to French-Canadian Antiques. Agincourt, Ont: Gage, 1974. 255 p, many ill, bibl, index, En. French edition: Encyclopedic des antiquites du Quebec: trois siecles de production artisanale In this detailed and well-documented study the authors examine origins, styles, and manufacturing techniques as an introduction to the field of collecting French-Canadian furniture and antiques. They include information on manufacturing companies and craftsmen, evolution of styles, value of works, and restoration, as well as a descriptive catalogue and glossary. 2220 Moussette, Marcel. Stoves / Poeles. Canadian Antiques Collector 9 no 3 (May-June 1974) 78-86. 5 ill, plans, En,Fr A list of the 52 known stove-makers working in Quebec prior to 1867. Each entry includes dates of production and types of apparatus manufactured. Cet article comprend une liste des 52 fabricants de poeles au Quebec avant 1867. Les dates de production ainsi que le type d'appareils fabriques sont donnes pour chaque fabricant ou manufacture. 2221 Seguin, Robert-Lionel. L'apport europeen a la civilisation traditionnelle du Quebec. Cahiers des dix 39 (1974) 221-241. bibl, Fr L'auteur analyse les influences exterieures de la culture traditionnelle quebecoise et les classifie selon leur degre d'importance: majeures ou mineures. Une troisieme categorie est identified: 1'apport interpose. C'est-a-dire celui qui parvient par le biais d'une autre civilisation. Ces apports concernent les divers aspects de la vie quotidienne: costume, tissus, nourriture, boissons et armes; mobilier, couvertures de lit, rideaux, tapis, tapisseries et ustensiles; batiment; technologie traditionnelle; les transports; le cheptel. 2222 Lessard, Michel; Dore, Guy. L'artisan d'hier et d'aujourd'hui / The Craftsmen of Yesterday and Today. Forces 32 (1975) 3-9; 49-51.10 ill, Fr,En Cette etude des materiaux et des metiers d'art, des differents systemes d'apprentissage et de trois regroupements majeurs d'artisans mene a une comprehension du retour
quebecois vers les produits "fait main", et a la preference des artisans contemporains pour la fabrication d'objets a prix modiques. L'auteur, en guise de conclusion, discute de 1'avenir de 1'artisanat au Quebec. The study of materials and crafts, various types of apprenticeship systems, and three major groups of craftsmen leads to an appreciation of the current revival of handmade articles in Quebec, and the preference on the part of contemporary artisans for making reasonably priced goods. The authors conclude with a discussion of the future of handicrafts in Quebec. 2223 Simard, Cyril. Artisanat quebecois, 1: les bois et les textiles. Preface de Felix-Antoine Savard. Montreal, Que: Les Editions de 1'Homme, 1975. 468 p, plus ill (cert en coul), diagr, bibl, index, Fr Dans un premier volume d'une serie sur 1'artisanat quebecois, 1'auteur presente les techniques traditionnelles reprises et adaptees aujourd'hui pour travailler le bois et les textiles. Ce livre peut egalement servir de guide d'achat car il contient de nombreux conseils pour juger de 1'authenticite des pieces ainsi que pour les entretenir. 2224 Simard, Cyril. L'art artisanal, facteur de renouveau dans 1'economic quebecoise / The Revival of Handicrafts as a Force in the Quebec Economy. Forces 32 (1975) 10-23; 51-55. 24 ill, En,Fr Topics discussed in this article include the importance of handicrafts in the history, survival, and contemporary life of French-Canadians; their economic, social, and cultural roles; agricultural handicrafts; Quebec-style furniture; wood; glassmaking; and the implications of the current handicrafts renaissance as an economic factor. Parmi les sujets discutes dans cet article, nous retrouvons 1'importance historique de 1'artisanat, la survie et la vie actuelle des Canadiens franqais, leur role economique, social et culturel, les metiers d'art relies a 1'agriculture, le style du mobilier quebecois, le bois utilise, le renouveau du vitrail et les implications du nouvel engouement pour 1'artisanat en tant que facteur economique. 2225 Julien, Pierre-Andre; Lamonde, Pierre; Latouche, Daniel. L'avenir des metiers d'art au Quebec. Etude speciale pour le projet de planification quinquennale. Tome 6. Recherche effectuee pour 1'Association des metiers d'art du Quebec. Presentee au ministre des Affaires culturelles, Gouvernement du Quebec. Montreal, Que: INKS - Urbanisation, 1976. x,301 p, Fr Cette etude est basee sur les faits actuels que Ton decrit dans le but d'etablir une projection, de maniere a assurer un avenir aux metiers d'art, au Quebec. Ces faits actuels sont analyses selon des elements sociologiques (bases sur la population urbaine et rurale) et economiques post-industriels. Le scenario du futur comprend une etude des valeurs du systeme quebecois de 1'an 2001, de la vie collective quebecoise et de la vie des individus dans un cadre post-industriel. Les metiers d'art tenteront de s'implanter dans cette societe de 1'an 2001. 2226 Moissan, Stephane. A la decouverte des antiquites quebecoises. Preface de Laurent Lamy. Montreal, Que: La Presse, 1976. 243 p, plus ill (cert en coul), bibl, Fr Cet ouvrage constitue un guide destine aux amateurs voulant commencer ou continuer une collection d'anti-
262 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs quites quebecoises. Comment reconnaitre les styles, identifier un vieux meuble, restaurer, renover et entretenir les pieces, sont des questions auxquelles on repond dans ce livre. L'auteur nous initie egalement aux differents types d'antiquites: argenterie, verre, faience, ceramique, etain, ferronnerie, jouets, objets de bois. II nous presente les musees, les maisons et lieux historiques, les foires et les encans. Une liste des antiquaires du Quebec, enumeres par regions, complete ce guide. 2227 Moogk, Peter N. In the Darkness of a Basement: Craftsmen's Associations in Early French Canada. Canadian Historical Review 57 no 4 (Dec 1976) 399-439. En A detailed examination of the historical events, socioeconomic conditions, and collective attitudes that determined the gradual decline of crafts associations in Quebec from the 17th century to the industrial era. 2228 Simard, Cyril. Artisanat quebecois, 2: poterie et ceramique, emaillerie, ferronnerie, verrerie, etain, orfevrerie et joaillerie, bougies, poupees, cuir, papier fait main, gravure, reliure. Preface de Jean Sarrazin. Montreal, Que: Les Editions de 1'Homme, 1976. 485 p, plus ill (cert en coul), diagr, bibl, index, Fr Ce deuxieme ouvrage de la serie Artisanat quebecois est principalement consacre aux arts du feu: ceramique, etain, emaillerie, ferronnerie, verrerie, orfevrerie et joaillerie. II y est aussi question du cuir, de la gravure et de la reliure. Fournissant 1'historique et la description des techniques traditionnelles, 1'auteur reunit egalement les criteres d'authenticite et de qualite pour evaluer une piece. 2229 Simard, Cyril. I/artisanat quebecois ou un beau portrait de famille. L'Actualite 16 no 1 (janv 1976) 39-41.10 ill, Fr Simard explique comment 1'artisan se rapproche de la population en general, regroupant les classes du monde "ordinaire" et de la bourgeoisie dans une meme famille. L'artisan s'engage dans son milieu et cree des choses utiles et belles. Afin de faire partager les connaissances accumulees par ces nombreux artisans, 1'auteur a realise un ouvrage intitule Artisanat quebecois (Montreal, Que: Les Editions de 1'Homme, 1975-1977), qu'il decrit dans cet article. 2230 Varennes, Marie Therien de. Les artistes - artisans de la Cote-Nord de Tadoussac a Blanc-Sablon. Sillery, Que: Editions Chicoutee, 1976. 157 p, plus ill, index, Fr L'ouvrage est un repertoire des artisans de la Cote-Nord (Que) regroupes au sein de quelques associations regionales: les artisans de la Manicouagan, la cooperative de Sept-lies, celle des artisans indiens de Bersimis et 1'association d'artisanat Quebec-Labrador. L'auteure fournit des renseignements biographiques sur chacun des artisans et caracterise leur production respective. Elle conclut en portant un regard critique sur cet artisanat regional. 2231 Hardy, Jean-Pierre; Ruddel, David Thiery. Les apprentis artisans a Quebec, 1660-1815. Montreal, Que: Les Presses de 1'Universite du Quebec. 1977, xviii,220 p (Collection Histoire des travailleurs quebecois 5), plus ill, plans, diagr, bibl, index, Fr Les auteurs veulent saisir les traits caracteristiques de la vie quotidienne des artisans, leur mode de vie, leurs traditions, leur apprentissage, leur travail, leur situation
sociale. Us soulignent que les apprentis artisans tels que les sculpteurs et les orfevres ne comptaient pas parmi les plus nombreux alors que les charpentiers et menuisiers formaient un pourcentage plus eleve. 2232 Renaud, Jacques. Traditions et formes nouvelles. Vie des arts 23 no 92 (automne 1978) 41-46. 16 ill, Fr L'auteur decrit la ceramique, la tapisserie et la sculpture qui se font dans la region de Sherbrooke (Que). Renaud aborde, d'abord, 1'ecole de poterie de Wanda Rozynska a Way's Mills et, ensuite, sa carriere d'artiste et d'enseignante. II presente en plus divers artisans ceramistes. 2233 Boily, Lise; Blanchette, Jean-Franqois. Les fours a pain au Quebec. Ottawa, Ont: Musee national de 1'Homme, 1979. 119 p, 75 ill (15 coul), cartes, bibl, Fr. Version anglaise: The Bread Ovens of Quebec Le four a pain du Quebec, habituellement construit a 1'exterieur, illustre plusieurs aspects de la vie au Canada franqais a 1'epoque de son utilisation: economique, social, psychologique, religieux et culturel. Dans cette etude, on presente le four comme tel (histoire, utilisation, constructeurs de fours), la construction d'un four a pain en terre glaise, le pain et la tradition orale. Les illustrations presentent une grande variete de fours faits de bois, de pierre, de terre glaise et de fer, et ornes, a 1'occasion, de reliefs decoratifs. 2234 Boily, Lise; Blanchette, Jean-Franqois. The Bread Ovens of Quebec. Ottawa, Ont: National Museum of Man, 1979.119 p, 75 ill (15 col), maps, bibl, En. French edition: Les fours a pain au Quebec The bread oven of Quebec, usually outdoors, embodies most aspects of life in French Canada in the past: economic, social, psychological, religious, and cultural. In this study, separate chapters address "the ovens" (history, uses, and oven-builders), "the construction of a clay bread oven" beside Riviere a Mars, "the bread," and "the oral tradition." Plates and figures illustrate a wide variety of ovens employing wood, stone, clay, and iron, and occasionally relief decoration. 2235 Genest, Bernard; Bouchard, Rene; Cyr, Lise; Chouinard, Yvan. Les artisans traditionnels de Test du Quebec. Quebec, Que: ministere des Affaires culturelles. Direction generate du patrimoine. Centre de documentation, 1979. 391 p (Les cahiers du patrimoine 12), plus ill (4 coul), plans, diagr, bibl, Fr Ce volume comprend un inventaire de plus de 500 artisans et une analyse des metiers pratiques par ceux-ci sur le territoire de Test du Quebec, pour la periode s'etendant de la fin du XIXe siecle a la premiere moitie du XXe siecle. Dans la premiere partie, on presente les metiers qui touchent la transformation des materiaux de base, la technologie, la description de la boutique et des outils, la liste des artisans par region. Dans la deuxieme, on fournit un repertoire raisonne des artisans classes d'apres les regions administratives et les villages ou ils resident. 2236 Larue-Langlois, Jacques. Les pionniers. Travail Quebec 15 no 1 (juil-aout 1979) 10-14. 7 ill, bibl, Fr Cet article porte en fait sur les artisans qui ont perdu de I'importance avec I'avenement de la revolution industrielle. On y retrace 1'historique des metiers en NouvelleFrance: apprentissage, travail, premiers regroupements des
Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs 263 artisans pour faire valoir leurs droits, conflits avec les patrons. On parle aussi de la revolution industrielle comme etant a 1'origine du joual et des anglicismes chez les artisans travaillant pour un patron anglais. 2237 Ste-Marie, Michel. Guide des antiquites quebegoises. Montreal, Que: Libre Expression, 1980. 2 vols, 296 / 230 p, 561 ill, bibl, Fr Ce guide comprend un expose photographique d'antiquites et d'objets anciens. Dans le premier volume, 1'auteur presente les meubles en pin et differents objets de bois. II donne egalement quelques conseils pratiques sur 1'achat de pieces. Dans le second volume, les meubles en chene sont presentes, puis 1'accent est mis sur la vaisselle, la poterie et le verre. Chaque legende, accompagnant les photos, comprend une courte description de 1'objet, ses dimensions, sa provenance et son epoque. Une liste des prix approximatifs des antiquites exposees complete chaque volume. 2238 Tremblay-Gillon, Michele. Jean-Marie Gauvreau et le reveil de 1'artisanat. Vie des arts 26 no 103 (ete 1981) 23-25. 5 ill, Fr Jean-Marie Gauvreau fonde la Centrale d'artisanat du Quebec dans le but de promouvoir et de diffuser les produits de 1'artisanat quebecois. Depuis, cet organisme travaille a des projets educatifs, culturels et sociaux relies a la promotion des metiers d'art, dont le Salon des metiers d'art, et a la vente aux institutions et au public dans trois boutiques. Un service exclusif aux decorateurs, le centre de documentation Jean-Marie Gauvreau et une galerie font aussi partie de la CAQ.
Ontario 2239 Hamilton: The Arts and Crafts Association. Canadian Architect 61 Builder 8 no 5 (May 1895) 68-69. 2 ill, En A capsule history of the Hamilton (Ont) Arts and Crafts Association on the occasion of its second exhibition. The Association is to be congratulated because it recognizes artisans over manufacturers unlike other industrial exhibitions, and this has resulted in Hamilton artisans putting forth their highest skill, knowing that they will have to bear public criticism. On the minus side, the work of students has been judged by persons in the Ontario Education Department whose names have not been disclosed. 2240 Ontario Society of Artists. Applied Art Exhibition: Catalogue 1900, Held in the Art Galleries, 165 King Street West, Toronto. Toronto, Ont: Grip, 1900. 9 p, exh list, 143 works shown, En. Reprint, CIHM / ICMH Microfiche Series no 08292 Male and female artists, publishers, and manufacturers have contributed designs and completed works of applied art for the exhibition. Included are specimens of carpets, stamped metal, stained glass, book covers, bindings and illustrations, murals, piano decoration, friezes and panels, plaster designs, architectural reliefs, interior decoration, furniture designs, and ceramics and domestic articles. 2241 Arts and Crafts Society of Canada. Catalogue of the First Exhibition Held at the Galleries of the Ontario Society
of Artists. 7 Apr-23 Apr 1904. 30 p, exh list, 350 works shown, En For the first exhibition of the Arts and Crafts Society of Canada in 1904, close to 100 artists living in Toronto, the majority women, exhibit their work in the decorative arts, including furniture, pottery, basketry, leatherwork, metalwork, embroidery, and decorative designs. A group of items has been contributed by the Montreal Branch of the Women's Art Association, including moccasins made by several Indian tribes. The catalogue introduction states the purpose of the Arts and Crafts Society of Canada: "the aim has been the encouragement of original design and its individual expression." An advertisement refers to the United Arts and Crafts Workshop in Toronto and its mark, which is branded on Workshop furniture. 2242 Exhibition of the Society of Applied Arts. Canadian Architect & Builder 18 no 12 (Dec 1905) 179-180. En On the occasion of the second exhibition of the Society of Applied Arts in Toronto (Ont), the author theorizes on the function of applied art, the appropriateness of hand production in modern society, usefulness versus ornament, and the relationship between good design and hand or machine production. He concludes that members of the Society find "rude art true," and "therefore true art must be rude." "They are much more likely to grow and be great if they breathe more of our modern air, and less of the atmosphere of dead centuries." 2243 Patterson, Nancy-Lou. Mennonite Folk Art of Waterloo County. Ontario History 60 no 3 (Sept 1968) 81-104. 6 ill, bibl, En Patterson identifies, classifies, and examines the meanings and functions of the central forms basic to both decorative and practical Mennonite folk art traditions in Waterloo County, Ontario. She concludes with a comparison of designs, products, and the background of the German and the Russian Mennonite traditions. 2244 Flavelle, Muriel I. The Kingcrafts Story, 1950-1967. King City, Ont: Kingcrafts, 1970.114 p, 33 ill (1 col), En A detailed history of Kingcrafts, a handicraft-production organization founded in 1950 and located in King City, Ontario, near Toronto. 2245 Minhinnick, Jeanne. At Home in Upper Canada. Toronto, Ont: Clarke, Irwin, 1970.228 p, many ill, bibl, index, En A survey of domestic life in 19th-century Ontario with chapters on gardens, dooryards, and verandas; parlours and sitting rooms; dining rooms; kitchens; bedrooms; cooking and heating; keeping clean; keeping tidy; painting and decorating; pictures on the wall; lighting; children's furniture and playthings; chair-making; cabinetmaking; and plants found in Upper Canada. A glossary of terms is appended. 2246 Patterson, Nancy-Lou. Mennonite Traditional Arts. Canadian Antiques Collector 6 no 5 (May 1971) 77-80. 4 ill, bibl, En The author discusses Mennonite traditional arts of Waterloo County, Ontario, including fraktur; paper-cutting; treen-carving; furniture-making; needlework, including embroidery and quilt-making; and "fancy" cooking.
264 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs 2247 Canadian Guild of Crafts (Ontario). Make (Mak) Contemporary Crafts, 1971: An Exhibit of Contemporary Crafts by Ontario's Leading Designer-Craftsmen. Toronto (Ont), Ontario Science Centre, 1 Nov-30 Nov 1971.134 p, 119 ill, biogr, 119 works shown, En The examples of contemporary crafts included in this exhibition were chosen for their "potential to enhance and to intensify the joy of the every-day." Entries include examples of fibre art, batik, metalwork, pottery and porcelain, furniture, jewellery, graphic art, and sculpture. 2248 Home, Margaret. Victorian Wreaths. Canadian Antiques Collector 8 no 3 (May-June 1973) 40-41. 3 ill, En The author describes the materials (feathers or human hair) and the methods of construction of memorial wreaths made by rural women in Ontario during the 19th century. 2249 Brantford (Ont), Art Gallery of Brant. Grand River Pottery and Textiles, Past and Present. 30 June-28 July 1974. 9 p, 4 ill, exh list, 116 works shown, En An exhibition of antique pottery from Brant and Waterloo counties in Ontario, woven coverlets from Waterloo County, contemporary pottery, and contemporary quilts from Brant County. A very brief text addresses the current crafts revival, the historical importance of the area, the influence on design of various ethnic groups of settlers, and sources of media. 2250 Kitchener (Ont), Kitchener-Waterloo Art Gallery. Mennonite Traditional Arts of the Waterloo Region and Southern Ontario: A Historical View. 6 June-1 Sept 1974. Nancy-Lou Patterson. 24 p, 10 ill, 157 works shown, En In her introductory essay Patterson comments on Mennonite crafts in general. The catalogue proper is divided into two principal sections: the Swiss-German Mennonite (Pennsylvania German) tradition in Ontario and the Dutch-German ("Russian") Mennonite tradition. Subdivision is by media and type of object: fraktur and other handwritten forms, wooden artifacts, fibre artifacts, needlework, adornments for the bed, painting, and crafts. 2251 McMurray, A.Lynn. Ontario-German Decorative Arts. Book of Canadian Antiques, p 128-142. Edited by Donald Blake Webster. Toronto, Ont: McGraw-Hill, 1974. 25 ill (5 col), En An overview of the decorated furniture and utilitarian objects produced for the home by Germanic peoples arriving in Ontario as United Empire Loyalists or as immigrants from Europe from the late 18th century to the late 19th century. The author distinguishes between the Pennsylvanian and the European traditions of decorative art. 2252 Wilson, William Philip. The Canadiana Guidebook: Antique Collecting in Ontario. Toronto, Ont: Greey de Pencier, 1974. 140 p, 105 ill, bibl, En The author's goal is to give the beginner a basis on which to develop special interests in the field of Canadian antiques or "Canadiana." Individual chapters are devoted to prices, furniture, restoration, treen, iron, tin, brass and copper, silver, pewter, ceramics, glass, textiles, prints, paintings and framing, places to see, courses on antiques, auction sales and flea markets, annual events and shows, and shops.
2253 Patterson, Nancy-Lou. The Traditional Arts of Mennonite Women. Artmagazine 7 no 24 (Dec 1975) 34-37. 9 ill (1 col), En An overview of the quilting, needlework, and fraktur work still practised by Swiss-German and Dutch-German Mennonites in southern Ontario. Patterson examines the practical, aesthetic, and expressive functions of the quilts, and the use of different designs to indicate the status and relationships of the recipients. 2254 Bird, Michael S. Ontario Fraktur Art: A Decorative Tradition in Three Germanic Settlements. Ontario History 68 no 4 (Dec 1976) 247-272. 36 ill, bibl, En A study of the 19th century Ontario German tradition of fraktur for embellishing religious and family documents or texts. The Pennsylvania background, major fraktur schools, and artists from the Niagara Peninsula, Markham Township, and Waterloo County are briefly examined. 2255 Bird, Michael S. Three Waterloo County Fraktur Artists. Waterloo Historical Society. Annual 64 (Nov 1976) 78-90. 9 ill, bibl, En Abraham Latschaw (1799-1870), Isaac Hunsicker (1803-1870), and Joseph Bauman (1815-1899) were three Ontario fraktur artists. For each, Bird has written a brief biographical introduction followed by extensive notes on their work. An attempt is made throughout to focus attention on the individuality of each artist, as well as on the characteristics they share. Their styles are sufficiently related to suggest some mutual awareness of each other's activity as fraktur artists. 2256 Himel, Susan; Lambert, Elaine. Handmade in Ontario: A Guide to Crafts and Craftsmen. Toronto, Ont: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1976. vi,154 p, some ill, maps, bibl, index, En Craftsmen and sales outlets in Ontario are identified and summed up in a few sentences. Emphasis is mainly on full-time professional craftspeople. 2257 Ontario Craft 6 - (Spring 1981 - ) Quarterly. Continues Craftsman. Bimonthly, 1976 - 1979. Toronto, Ont: Ontario Crafts Council. En Ontario Craft is an English-language quarterly magazine published by the Ontario Crafts Council in Toronto and edited by Susan Himel. It began in 1976 as a bimonthly called Craftsman, but became a quarterly in 1980 and changed its name and its format in 1981. The new, more glossy appearance reflects the commitment of the editors to "promoting the best in craft to an ever-growing audience of craftspeople, craft gallery visitors, occasional buyers, and serious collectors." Ceramics, glass, wood, textiles, leather, and metal are the subject of short illustrated articles, with people and activity in Ontario the main focus. Other text includes book reviews and a calendar of upcoming events. In 1980 special issues are devoted to "Fibre and Fabrics" (March), "Metal Arts" (June), and "Wood and Leather" (September). 2258 Reynolds, Nila. Dream of Excellence. Haliburton, Ont: Haliburton Highlands Guild of Fine Arts; Haliburton School of Fine Arts, 1976. 72 p, many ill, maps, En A history of Haliburton, a recreation area in Ontario, with a strong emphasis on the regional Haliburton School of
Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs 265 Fine Arts, which was established by Sir Sandford Fleming College of Peterborough in cooperation with local residents. Includes notes on the history of arts and crafts in the area since the late 19th century. Many local artists, craftspeople, and organizations are identified. 2259 Bird, Michael S. Ontario Fraktur: A Pennsylvania-German Folk Tradition in Early Canada. Toronto, Ont: M.F. Feheley, 1977.144 p, 242 ill (29 col), bibl, index, En The art of fraktur expresses a Protestant veneration for the "word," which dominated Pennsylvania-German visual arts. Fraktur combined calligraphy and illustration in the embellishment of religious texts and family documents. Bird examines the techniques and forms of this art as practised by Mennonite artists in Pennsylvania and Ontario. 2260 London (Ont), London Art Gallery. London Survey Number Four: Crafts. 9 Sept-2 Oct 1977. Juror's statement by Paul Bennett. 39 p, 36 ill, biogr, exh list, 71 works shown, En Whereas the first three London Survey exhibitions were entirely selected and assembled by London Art Gallery staff members, this exhibition, the fourth (the only one for which a catalogue is availble), was curated by Paul Bennett, Executive Director of the Ontario Crafts Council. Seventy-one pieces by 36 artisans are included, each artisan being given a short biographical note. Fibre arts, jewellery, ceramics and pottery, woodwork, metalwork, and batik are represented. Bennett's statement characterizes the London crafts scene by dividing its craftspeople into five distinct groups. 2261 Hughes, Jeanne. Craftsmen in Nineteenth Century Ontario. Everyday Life in Nineteenth Century Ontario: The Proceedings of a Seminar Sponsored by the Ontario Museum Association, p 81-86. Toronto, Ont: Ontario Museum Association, 1978. bibl, En Hughes studies the pattern of immigration of craftsmen into Upper Canada (now Ontario) during the 19th century, the attitudes of early immigrant craftsmen toward their work and toward their plans to farm, itinerant craftsmen, craftsmen and the growth of communities, the apprenticeship system, the mechanics' institutes, labour unrest, and the decreasing number of craftsmen as industrialization gained in importance. 2262 Sturman, Larry, ed. Pottery and Glass: An Illustrated Guide to the Work and Studios of Potters and Glassblowers of Ontario. Hamilton, Ont: Ontario Potters Association. 1978, 64 p, many ill, maps, index, En The book is intended to provide the public with information regarding the growing numbers of potters and glassblowers in Ontario. Glassblowers who work only during the summer months are not included. More than 60 craftspeople are listed, with the following information included for each: hours during which the studio is open to the public, a description of the work, a brief biography, a map, a logo, a photograph of the craftsperson, and a photograph of one work. 2263 Bird, Michael. Pennsylvania-German Parallels: Decorative Arts of Lancaster County and Ontario. Canadian Antiques and Art Review 1 no 2 (Oct 1979) 20-27. 8 ill, En Bird outlines the historical migrations of prominent families and artisans from Pennsylvania to Upper Canada
(now Ontario) from 1785 to 1825, which account for similarities in motifs and techniques for weaving, ceramics, and furniture-making in the two regions. Included here are examples of pottery, furniture, and textiles, with notes on origin, construction techniques, recurrent features, and design anomalies. 2264 Patterson, Nancy-Lou Gellermann. Swiss-German and Dutch-German Mennonite Traditional Art in the Waterloo Region, Ontario. Ottawa, Ont: National Museums of Canada, 1979. iii,2l6 p (National Museum of Man. Mercury Series. Canadian Centre for Folk Culture Studies. Paper no 27), 129 ill, bibl, index, En Patterson compares the contemporary arts in the folk tradition of Swiss-German Mennonites in southern Ontario to those of the Dutch-German Mennonites of Ontario, a group that established its traditions in Canada several decades later. By examining examples of such arts as fraktur, fibrework, paperwork, needlework, costume, quilt-making, mat-hooking, ribbonwork, decorative painting, woodworking, doll-making, and ornamental cooking, the different folk art styles of the two ethnic groups are defined and compared. Lists of artists and of people who supplied oral information for the text are included, complete with biographical details. 2265 Patterson, Nancy-Lou. Hearts and Flowers. Canadian Antiques and Art Review 1 no 8 (May 1980) 33-39.13 ill, En Objects made out of paper during the 19th century and early 20th century for amusement, adornment, and personal expression are now viewed as elegant and delightful works of art. Scherenschnitte (scissor-snipping), and paper weaving, folding, and braiding are among the paper crafts discussed. The author includes notes on designs and colours used by Swiss-German Mennonites in Waterloo County, Ontario. 2266 Beck, Jenny. Thriving in Thunder Bay. Ontario Craft 6 no 3 (Fall 1981) 20-22. 2 ill, En Many craft studios and workshops flourish in the area of Thunder Bay, Ontario, at the head of Lake Superior, but organizing sales has always been a problem in this relatively isolated community. Several craftspeople, including embroiderers, a jeweller, a fibre artist, a potter, and craft-marketing people, are interviewed for the article, which concludes with a directory. 2267 Hamilton (Ont), McMaster University. Art Gallery. Mennonite Decorative Arts. 1 Feb-22 Feb 1981. Ruth Dwyer. 37 p, 6 ill, bibl, exh list, 93 works shown, En An exhibition of 19th and 20th century work by the two principal groups of Mennonites in Ontario: Dutch-German, and Swiss-German or Pennsylvania-Dutch. A substantial essay touches on the history of the Mennonite faith in Europe, and the art objects and styles of the Dutch-German and Swiss-German groups. Quilts, fraktur and decorative script, show towels, and embroidered linens are among the crafts discussed. 2268 Patterson, Nancy-Lou. Laboratory of Tradition: A Visit in Waterloo County. Canadian Collector 16 no 1 (Jan-Feb 1981) 32-34. 7 ill, En The author visits a conservative Mennonite home in rural Waterloo County, Ontario, and examines Mennonite folk art in its cultural context. She explains that the way in
266 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs which each room has been decorated and the order in which visitors are taken to see them have an implied meaning. Western Canada / Provinces de 1'Ouest 2269 Victoria (BC), Maltwood Museum of Historic Art. Arts of the Forgotten Pioneers: Catalogue for an Exhibition. Summer 1971. Martin Segger. 31 p, 63 ill, 63 works shown, En An exhibition of architecture, furniture, stained glass windows, copperware, silverware, and ceramics, focussing on the development of architecture and craftsmanship in Victoria (BC) and the Arts and Crafts movement there. In his introduction, Segger observes how different influences have been collected and transformed to suit the west coast setting of the city. 2270 Woycenko, Ol'ha. Ukrainians in the Manitoba Mosaic. Canadian Antiques Collector 6 no 8 (Nov-Dec 1971) 57-60. 4 ill, bibl, En The author outlines the artistic contributions of the Ukrainians since their arrival in Canada, with emphasis on Eastern rite churches, the decorative skills that Ukrainian craftsmen brought to Canada, and collections of their handicrafts. 2271 Rodd, John. Antiques in British Columbia. Canadian Antiques Collector 7 no 3 (May-June 1972) 16-20. 8 ill, bibl, En Rodd recalls some of the fine and unusual antiques that he has seen while working as a restorer. He outlines the history of European settlement in British Columbia, the routes by which the imported antiques arrived, some significant antique collections in the province, and the present state of antique dealing in Victoria. 2272 Winnipeg (Man), Winnipeg Art Gallery. Manitoba Quilts and Ceramics. 7 Oct-13 Nov 1972. Philip Fry; Ted Poulos. 58 ill, exh list, 111 works shown, En An exhibition of 50 quilts and 61 ceramic pieces made in Manitoba. The authors explore the origins of North American quilts, especially "crazy quilts," the spread of the tradition with the dislocation of the United Empire Loyalists, who made the quilts and how they were made. The section on ceramics deals with various manufacturing techniques. 2273 Brunvand, Jan Harold. Norwegian Settlers in Alberta. Ottawa, Ont: National Museums of Canada. National Museum of Man, 1974. 71 p (National Museum of Man. Mercury Series. Canadian Centre for Folk Culture Studies. Paper no 8), many ill, bibl, En In the late 19th century and early 20th century, Norwegian immigrants, most of them from the United States, settled in the Camrose area of Alberta. In this preliminary study of Norwegian ethnocultural traditions in the area, based on interviews with some 50 people, Brunvand discusses the history of Norwegian settlement in Alberta, Norwegian names and institutions in the province's history, folk music and narratives, customs and festivals, anecdotes, jokes, objects brought from Norway (chests, small artifacts, costumes), crafts practised in Canada, and folk architecture.
2274 British Columbia. Department of the Provincial Secretary. British Columbia Cultural Programme. Arts Information Service. The Handbook for Craftspeople in British Columbia. Victoria, BC: Information Services, 1975. viii,10l p, En A detailed resource book on craftspeople, organizations, galleries, shops, courses, and councils in British Columbia. A "How to Set Up a Co-op" section provides information on marketing, small-business loans, laws, grants, and publications. 2275 Saint-Boniface (Man), Centre culturel franco-manitobain. Ob jets fails a la main au Manitoba francais. 11 fevr-9 mars 1976. Exposition presentee en collaboration avec la Societe historique de Saint-Boniface. Bernard Mulaire. Saint-Boniface, Man: Editions du ble, 1976. (Collection Miroir 3), 32 p, 24 ill, bibl, liste des expo sit, 85 oeuvres exp, Fr Les objets presentes comprennent des pieces d'ameublement, des outils, des photographies, des couvertures de lit, des vetements, des jouets, des objets de culture et de divertissement, des objets religieux. Le texte d'introduction porte sur 1'origine du peuplement du Manitoba et sur 1'influence des religieuses. 2276 Vancouver (BC), Centennial Museum. Made by Hand '76. 1 Oct-21 Oct 1979. Presented by the Craftman's Association of British Columbia. 8 p, 5 ill, exh list, 114 works shown, En A juried exhibition of contemporary British Columbia crafts presented by the Craftsmen's Association of British Columbia. Seventy-six craftsmen are represented in the show with work in several media.
Ceramics / Ceramique Traditional / Epoque traditionelle 2277 Dignam, M.E. Ceramic Art in Canada. Our Monthly I (June 1896) 149-157.11 ill, En Dignam discusses the art of china painting, noting techniques, subjects, and styles used. There has been an increase in china painting in Canada on the part of both amateurs and professionals, among them porcelain portrait painter Harry Coulson and J. Ruggles Seavey, a teacher of the art. 2278 Lugrin, N.de Bertrand. Women Potters and Indian Themes. Maclean's 40 no 6 (15 Mar 1927) 78-79. 1 ill, En Under instructor Howard (John) Kyle, women potters in Victoria (BC) are decorating pottery with Indian motifs in response to an influx of tourists. Emily Carr specializes in "brown" pottery, or unglazed work, and with her co-workers conforms closely to original Indian designs. Her "lucky" totems, grease pots, flower jugs, and replicas of old feast dishes are especially popular. The article concludes with the observation that Japanese artists are carving imitation totems and boxes and sending them to British Columbia to compete with those being manufactured locally. 2279 Barbeau, Marius. Canadian Pottery. Antiques 39 no 6 (June 1941) 296-299. 9 ill, En
Ceramics / Ceramique 267 emphasis on the influence of French, British, and American work. 2280 Barbeau, Marius. Potiers Canadians: precedes des potiers canadiens. Revue trimestrielle canadienne 27 (sept 1941) 252-270. Fr L'auteur decrit les precedes utilises par les potiers pour travailler la glaise, le kaolin et la glac,ure; pour broyer la matiere premiere dans les malaxeurs; pour tourner les bols; pour couler les pots dans les moules; et pour cuire des vaisseaux assortis dans les fours. II decrit aussi en detail les materiaux et 1'outillage utilises. 2281 Barbeau, Marius. Potiers canadiens. Royal Society of Canada. Proceedings and Transactions / Societe royale du Canada. Memoires et comptes rendus, troisieme serie, section 1 35 (mai 1941) 13-21. 3 ill, Fr. Reimpression, Technique 23 no 7 (sept 1948) 435-441 Barbeau relate le developpement de la poterie au Canada depuis 1686, lorsque 1'intendant Champigny fonde un etablissement a la riviere Lorette pres de Quebec, jusqu'au debut du XXe siecle. II est particulierement question des potiers qui ont exerce durant cette periode. L'auteur mentionne aussi les changements qui sont survenus dans la poterie apres 1830, dus a 1'influence anglaise et americaine, en prenant comme exemple le cas des Joubert. 2282 Goldsborough, Harriett E. Staffordshire Historical China. Ontario Homes & Living 2 (Mar 1963) 44-45. 5 ill, En The engraved plates in William Bartlett's Canadian Scenery (London, England: G. Virtue, 1842) were adapted by Staffordshire potters to decorate china. At least 25 separate scenes are known to have been used for plates, platters, pitchers, and bowls. 2283 Lambart, Helen. 19th Century Pottery in the Province of Quebec, Part I, Part II. Miscellaneous Reports on Sites in Quebec , p 1-40. Ottawa, Ont: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs. Parks Canada. National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, 1963-1964. (Manuscript Report Number 132), En The author describes 19th-century potters and potteries in Quebec, based on documentary and printed material from the Public Archives of Canada, and summarizes these findings regionally and in chronological order. 2284 Shackleton, Phil. Potteries in 19th Century Ontario. Ottawa, Ont: Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development. National and Historic Parks Branch. National Historic Sites Service, 1964. 129 p (Manuscript Report Number 2), En An alphabetical listing of potteries and their various trade names, proprietors, managers, and employees in Ontario in the 19th century. 2285 Finlayson, R.W. Mystery of the Lost Potteries. Canadian Antiques Collector 1 no 3 (Summer 1966) 14-15. 3 ill, En Finlayson discusses and illustrates items of so-called Portneuf pottery. Although the items seem to have been made in Scotland and England, and although some bear Canadian scenes and Canadian sports views, there is little information available at this date that can shed light on this "lost" pottery.
2286 Taylor, David; Taylor, Patricia. The Hart Pottery: Canada West. Picton, Ont: Picton Gazette Publishing, 1966. viii,39 p, 29 ill, plans, En An account of pottery production by various firms near Picton, and later at Belleville, Ontario, referring specifically to 19th-century crockery bearing the name of Hart, a family originally from England that established potteries in New York State and Ontario. 2287 Thompson, A.S. Thomas Pottery of Quebec. Canadian Antiques Collector 1 no 3 (Summer 1966) 12-13. 3 ill, En Thompson proposes that the F.T. Thomas wares bearing views of Quebec were actually made by Thomas at the Bell factory just outside Quebec City from 1880 until some years later when production was transferred to Scotland. He concludes with a list of known Thomas views. 2288 Collard, Elizabeth. Nineteeth-Century Pottery and Porcelain in Canada. Montreal, Que: McGill University Press, 1967. xx,441 p, 93 ill, diagr, bibl, index, En A thorough study of pottery and porcelain manufactured and used in Canada in the 19th century. The first sections on wares used in Canada deal with the transport of imported crockery to all parts of Canada; selling methods used; earthenwares and porcelains; printed Canadian views, e.g., by Staffordshire potter Enoch Wood; various potters reproducing Bartlett views out of Canadian Scenery (London, England: G. Virtue, 1842); nautical subjects; Davenport's North American views; and emblems. The section on Canadian-made pottery has individual chapters on the Farrars, potters in St. Johns (Saint-Jean) Quebec, the St. Johns Stone Chinaware Co.; the Humberstones, potters in Toronto (Ont); and china decorating in Canada. Appendices provide background notes that clarify some popular misconceptions concerning the marking of ceramic wares, as well as a comprehensive list of 19th century Canadian potters. 2289 Collard, Elizabeth. Tourists on Porcelain. Canadian Antiques Collector 2 no 8 (Aug 1967) 6-7. 3 ill, En The Minton Works Museum in Stoke-on-Trent (England) houses the Minton dessert service commissioned by Viscount Milton who, together with Dr. Cheadle, travelled across Canada in 1862-1863 and recorded their eventful trip in a popular travel book entitled The North-West Passage By Land. The illustrations for this book, depicting the adventures and scenes encountered on the way, were engraved on china plates and comports, surrounded by pierced and gilt borders, carrying the coronet and monogram of Lord Milton. 2290 Jarvis, Harold. Potters of Lincoln County. Canadian Antiques Collector 2 no 9 (Sept 1967) 9-10. 4 ill, En Jarvis introduces the basic materials and techniques of earthenware and stoneware pottery-making and gives brief biographical information about six 19th-century potters of Lincoln County (Ont). Focussing on one potter, John Kulp, the author describes the process of digging, refining, moulding, and glazing the clay by hand. 2291 Lambart, Helen H. Bell Pottery. Canadian Antiques Collector 2 no 4 (Apr 1967) 9-10.1 ill, bibl, En By examining the development, site, materials, tools, and products of the W. & D. Bell Pottery near Quebec City, the
268 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs author seeks to disprove the theory that the firm made glazed white earthenware decorated with views of Quebec (the 'Thomas views"). The Bell Pottery was largely confined to producing red earthenware products, although it was unique in producing Rockingham and yellow wares in Quebec in the early 1850s.
provincial origin, colours used, particulars of glazing, details on the potters, locations of the items, and approximate dates. In a short chapter on "Canadian 19th Century Slipwares" Webster describes various means of decorating wares in Ontario, such as brush painting, spatter painting, banding, and sponge decoration.
2292 Stearns, Kathleen M. Graham. Port Hope Pottery. Canadian Antiques Collector 2 no 6 (June 1967) 13-15. 2 ill, En The little-known Taylor Pottery of Port Hope (Ont) was founded by James Taylor at the turn of the century. It manufactured a wide variety of household wares from locally dug and refined clay.
2298 Lambart, Helen H. The Rivers of the Potters: The St. Charles and Cap-Rouge Potteries in the Late Nineteenth Century. Edited by Jennifer Arcand. Ottawa, Ont: National Museums of Canada, 1970. viii,30 p (National Museum of Man. Publications in History no 2), 8 ill, bibl, En. French edition: Les potiers et leurs rivieres: les ateliers de poterie de Saint-Charles et de Cap-Rouge a la fin du dix-neuvieme siecle The author traces a brief documentary history of the potteries that flourished in the Quebec region during the second half of the 19th century, basing her investigations on the rich notarial archives of the province. Lambart explains that under Joseph Smolensk! and, later on, under Charles Mederschein, between 1840 and 1880, the fabrication of earthenware stoves was flourishing. She examines the firm of W. & D. Bell, which, during 75 years, produced pieces using red clay from the surroundings of the Saint-Charles River for pottery and British clay for making 95 famous clay pipes. She also discusses the establishment of the Dion Pottery at Ancienne-Lorette and the Hobson Pottery at Sainte-Angele, on the river of the same name, and the workshop at Cap-Rouge, which was established in 1860 but never attained commercial success.
2293 Taylor, Patricia C. Sam Harf s Canadian Stoneware. Canadian Antiques Collector 2 no 3 (Mar 1967) 6-8. 2 ill, En A history of the Hart Pottery (1848-1914), once located in Picton, Ontario. The grey salt glaze, brown slipped ware, and iron black slipped ware pots were made for a variety of farm, household, and pharmaceutical uses, and received wide circulation. 2294 Miller, J.Jefferson. Canadian Views on English Transfer-Printed Earthenware. Canadian Antiques Collector 3 no 10 (Oct 1968) 10-14. 7 ill, bibl, En Along with historical facts covering the manufacturing and importing of English transfer-printed earthenware into Canada during the 19th century, the author identifies the sources of patterns and their recurrence in the works of the various producers. The continuing use of North America landscape views illustrates the Europeans' ongoing interest in topographical aspects of the New World. The article is based on examples of ceramics in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington (DC). 2295 Webster, Donald Blake. The Brantford Pottery, 1849-1907: History and Assessment of the Stoneware Pottery at Brantford, Ontario, Including Results of Excavations and Analysis of Products. Toronto, Ont: Royal Ontario Museum, 1968. 80 p (Royal Ontario Museum. Art and Archaeology. Occasional Paper 13), 78 ill, plans, diagr, maps, bibl, En A study of the history and importance of stoneware pottery produced by the Brantford Pottery in Brantford, Ontario. Webster includes the results of excavations, and analyses of products made to 1883. Later products (1884-1907) are illustrated but are not analysed. 2296 Beliard, Bernard. La poterie au Quebec...a partir des pots casses. Culture vivante 14 (aout 1969) 19-29.13 ill, Fr Dans cet article, il est question de la decouverte d'un depotoir de vaisselle, situe pres de I'emplacement de la premiere manufacture importante de vaisselle de la region de Quebec (Cap-Rouge). Ceci a rendu possible 1'etude des formes et des differents types de ceramiques. L'auteur se refere a 1'archeologue Michel Gaumond pour retracer 1'origine de la poterie au Quebec. Puis, il fait 1'historique de 1'usine de Cap-Rouge et de sa periode d'activite (1860-1890). 2297 Webster, Donald Blake. Early Slip-decorated Pottery in Canada. Toronto, Ont: Musson, 1969. iv,75 p, 55 ill, bibl, index, En An annotated, primarily pictorial treatment of slip-decorated pottery found in Canada. Notes refer to national or
2299 Lambart, Helen H. Two Centuries of Ceramics in the Richelieu Valley: A Documentary History. Ottawa, Ont: National Museums of Canada, 1970.34 p (National Museum of Man. Publications in History no 1), 8 ill, En. French edition: Deux siecles de ceramique dans la vallee du Richelieu, etude historique A study of the development of pottery-making in the Richelieu Valley in Quebec from the 18th century to the late 19th century. The works of Saint-Denis potters, the Farrar family, and the St. Johns Stone Chinaware Company and other factories from the Saint-Jean-d'Iberville area are examined, along with the factors that caused a decline in pottery-making in the region. 2300 Collard, Elizabeth. The Crockery Trade. Canadian Antiques Collector 6 no 8 (Nov-Dec 1971) 39-42. 6 ill, En Collard uses archival, commercial, and newspaper sources to examine the historical development of the crockery trade's infrastructure in 19th-century Manitoba. Included is an investigation of the connections between the Hudson's Bay Company and the British firm of W.T. Copeland. 2301 Gaumond, Michel. La poterie de Cap-Rouge. Quebec, Que: ministere des Affaires culturelles, 1971. 41 p (Civilisation du Quebec. Serie Arts et metiers 2), 40 ill, diagr, bibl, Fr A cause de la clientele et de la matiere premiere, la region a 1'embouchure de la riviere du Cap-Rouge (Que) a incite les potiers a s'y etablir depuis 1608. L'auteur decrit brievement 1'evolution de 1'industrie de la poterie jusqu'a 1'arrivee d'Henry Howison en 1860. Puis, il consacre un chapitre a 1'usine de ce dernier, transcrivant le devis de construction par Charles Baillairge et 1'engagement de P. Pointon. Enfin, il precede a 1'analyse du materiel retrouve lors des recherches archeologiques.
Ceramics / Ceramique 269 2302 Webster, Donald Blake. Early Canadian Pottery. Toronto, Ont: McClelland and Stewart, 1971. 256 p, 160 ill (8 col), bibl, index, En Webster outlines the range, variety, and technology of early Canadian pottery from the French period in Quebec to the 19th century, focussing on Quebec, Ontario, and the Maritimes. He indicates the major producers and examples of their surviving products, and includes chapters dealing with miniatures, toys and whimsys, earthenware, salt-glazed stoneware, Rockingham and yellow ware, whitewares and porcelain, the beaver and maple-leaf motifs, and the archaeology of pottery. Although the text is outweighed by the illustrations, certain potters are treated more intensively, e.g., Brantford Pottery (Ont), Cap-Rouge Pottery (Que), Prince Edward Island Pottery, and St. Johns Stone Chinaware Co. (Que). 2303 Webster, Donald Blake. Earthen Pottery. Canadian Antiques Collector 6 no 5 (May 1971) 56-58. 7 ill, En Webster traces the manufacturing of commercial earthen pottery in 19th-century Ontario. The majority of the potters were of Pennsylvania-German origin. 2304 Webster, Donald Blake. The William Eby Pottery, Conestoga, Ontario, 1855-1907. Toronto, Ont: Royal Ontario Museum, 1971. 54 p (Royal Ontario Museum. Art and Archaeology. Occasional Paper 25), 48 ill, plans, diagr, maps, bibl, En Webster uses archaeological and archival data on the William Eby Pottery in Conestoga (Ont) to reconstruct its level of technology, the characteristics and functions of its products, and a brief family history of the owners. 2305 Collard, Elizabeth. The Griffiths Brothers. Canadian Antiques Collector 7 no 5 (Sept-Oct 1972) 13-17. 6 ill, bibl, En Collard traces the history and artistic progress of James and John Griffiths, Minton-trained china painters from Staffordshire (England), following their arrival in Canada West (now Ontario) in the mid-1850s. In Canada, James gave up painting flowers on china for painting on canvas, but John continued to paint flowers on china and taught the art at the Western School of Art in London (Ont), where he was Principal. The author provides background information on china painting at the time when the Griffiths brothers were apprentices in England. 2306 Finlayson, R.W. Portneuf Pottery and Other Early Wares / Poterie Portneuf et autres vaisselles anciennes. Don Mills, Ont: Longman Canada, 1972. xxi,134 p, 74 ill (cert col), index, En,Fr Finlayson traces the history and origin of 19th century Portneuf pottery, once thought to have been made in a mythical pottery in Portneuf, Quebec. By examining the evidence and making comparisons with similar and contemporary foreign pottery, the author establishes that Portneuf pottery is primarily of Scottish origin. The author deals with both the wares that were vividly decorated with geometric, floral, and animal motifs, and the tablewares bearing transfer-printed views of Quebec City and its environs. Individual chapters deal with the Britannia Pottery near Glasgow, Scotland, where the pottery was made and sent to Canada from 1840 to 1920; F.T. Thomas, the Quebec importer and distributor of the "Thomas Quebec Views"; the Cochran transfers; an inventory of the views used; analyses of the decorative patterns used; the
Canadian Sports Series made by John Marshall & Co. at Bo'ness in Scotland; and notes on other potters who were involved. The entire Portneuf and Thomas views controversy is thoroughly documented. Cet ouvrage donne 1'historique de la poterie de Portneuf au XIXe siecle qui, contrairement a la croyance, ne fut pas fabriquee a Portneuf (Que). En examinant les preuves et en faisant certaines comparaisons avec des poteries etrangeres semblables qui datent de la meme epoque, 1'auteur etablit que la poterie de Portneuf etait essentiellement d'origine ecossaise. II traite de la poterie decoree de motifs geometriques, floraux ou representant des d'animaux, ainsi que de la vaisselle decoree de decalques colles presentant des vues de la ville de Quebec et de ses environs. Les differents chapitres traitent des ateliers "Britannia Pottery" pres de Glasgow, qui exportaient leur production au Canada entre 1840 et 1920; F.T. Thomas, 1'importateur qui vendait au Quebec des pieces decorees de paysages quebecois dits "de Thomas"; les decorations de Cochran; un inventaire des paysages utilises; une analyse des motifs decoratifs employes; la serie des sports canadiens realisee par la John Marshall Co. de Bo'ness en Ecosse. Chaque chapitre comprend aussi des commentaires sur d'autres potiers de 1'epoque. La controverse sur les ceramiques de Portneuf et Thomas est abondamment documentee. 2307 MacLaren, George. 19th Century Potters. Canadian Antiques Collector 7 no 1 (Jan-Feb 1972) 27-28. 4 ill, En A brief sketch of early Nova Scotian potters from the earliest references in the 1780s to the country potters of the early 1800s, and commercial potteries from the 1830s to 1925. 2308 MacLaren, George. Antique Potteries of Nova Scotia. Halifax, NS: Petheric Press, 1972. 27 p, 13 ill, bibl, En A detailed account of the potteries and potters in Nova Scotia in the 19th century, with some attention being paid to the manufacturing processes. 2309 Webster, Donald Blake. Decorated Stoneware Pottery of North America. Rutland, Vt: Charles E. Turtle, 1972.232 p, 300 ill, bibl, index, En Webster traces the origins, development, techniques and tools, designs, and decoration of salt-glazed stoneware. Canadian stoneware was within the mainstream of later northeastern United States stoneware and several Ontario potteries were established in the mid-19th century by New York State potters. The decorations are especially interesting for their makers' marks and wide range of folk designs. Individual chapters explore decorative motifs such as flowers and leaves, patriotism, birds, animals, land, and water. An appendix provides a checklist of potteries in North America. 2310 Bacso, Jean. Toronto Stoneware. Canadian Antiques Collector 8 no 3 (May-June 1973) 28-32.10 ill, En Traces the fortunes and failures of several Toronto stoneware factories, in particular Warner & Co. (1856-1861), founded by an American, William E. Warner, and his successor Nicholas Eberhardt. In the 1870s and 1880s the factory is also known as the Don Bridge Pottery or the Ontario Pottery.
270 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs 2311 Hennessey, Catherine G. Red is the Soil. Canadian Antiques Collector 8 no 2 (Mar-Apr 1973) 53-55. 6 ill, bibl, En A brief account of potters and pottery factories in Prince Edward Island during the 19th century. The first pottery establishment, the Spring Park Pottery, was opened by T.M. Burns in 1862 in Charlottetown. 2312 Webster, Donald Blake. The Beaver-and-maple-leaf Motif on Canadian Ceramics. Connoisseur 182 no 732 (Feb 1973) 117-123.12 ill, En The history and development of the beaver motif and of the more recent maple-leaf motif in external relief and transfer patterns on Canadian, English, and American stoneware and tableware. The motifs are traced through representative examples of several Canadian and British manufacturers. 2313 Cloutier, Jean-Pierre. Quebec Ceramics / La ceramique quebecoise. Canadian Antiques Collector 9 no 3 (May-June 1974) 68-70; 71-73. 3 ill, bibl, En,Fr Brief discussions of the brick industry, ceramic stoves, tobacco pipes, and potters and pottery in Quebec from 1650 to 1837. Cloutier examines two recent excavations and notes a few economic and technical factors contributing to the particular character of the trade. Several ceramicists, factories, and workshops are mentioned. L'auteur fournit des renseignements sur les divers types de ceramique et de production (la brique, les pipes a tabac et les poeles) entre 1650 et 1837 a Quebec. II relate egalement les facteurs economiques et techniques qui ont contribue au developpement du metier. Enfin, deux fouilles archeologiques sont brievement decrites et plusieurs noms de ceramistes sont mentionnes. 2314 Collard, Elizabeth. A Rare Canadiana Discovery. Canadian Antiques Collector 9 no 6 (Nov-Dec 1974) 18-20.3 ill, bibl, En A "parian" porcelain bust of Colonel de Charette has been discovered with the stamp of the St. Johns Stone Chinaware Company of Saint-Jean, Quebec. The company produced very little porcelain and there are only two other known examples. Collard suggests that numerous experienced potters from Staffordshire lived and worked in the town, and that such a finely moulded piece was an anomaly for a company that specialized in ironstone earthenware. 2315 Collard, Elizabeth. Nineteenth-Century British Ceramic Imports. The Book of Canadian Antiques, p 254-267. Edited by Donald Blake Webster. Toronto, Ont: McGraw-Hill, 1974. 22 ill (2 col), bibl, En A detailed historical guide to tableware and porcelain imported for use throughout Canada in the 19th century, providing statistics, names of English and Scottish pottery manufacturers, and descriptions of the decorative patterns available. Names of Canadian agents, importers, and china merchants are noted. 2316 Collard, Elizabeth. The Ceramic Trade in Canada. Canadian Antiques Collector 9 no 1 (Jan-Feb 1974) 66-69. 6 ill, En Collard traces the development of the ceramic trade in Canada from its birth in the 1750s to its expansion by the British in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Technical
Xdvances in ceramic production increased productivity and lowered prices, making pottery widely affordable and increasing the demand from the expanding population. The predominant styles of the 19th-century trade are outlined. 2317 Irvine, Barbara. Potting in Ontario. Canadian Antiques Collector 9 no 5 (Sept-Oct 1974) 27-29. 5 ill, En The author describes the various functions, clay mixtures, and firing techniques for several historical phases of pottery in Ontario, including native, colonial, and modern. She provides a brief history of prehistoric North American pottery use and some early commercial potteries in Canada, and refers to the revival of pottery-making in the 20th century (pottery classes, training, exhibitions). 2318 Webster, Donald Blake. Pottery: Earthenware and Stoneware. The Book of Canadian Antiques, p 240-253. Edited by Donald Blake Webster. Toronto, Ont: McGraw-Hill, 1974. 27 ill (3 col), bibl, En An overview of the history of production by indigenous manufacturers of container and utility wares, indicating types of wares produced under the French and English regimes in various parts of the country. Decorative styles characteristic of the different potteries in Quebec and the Maritimes are explained, and the process of gradual industrialization in Ontario and Quebec is traced. 2319 Collard, Elizabeth. A New Brunswick Contribution to Canadian Potting. Canadian Antiques Collector 10 no 3 (May-June 1975) 76-79. 6 ill, bibl, En Joseph, James, and Frederick White of Courtenay Bay and Saint John, New Brunswick, pottery manufacturers in the 19th century, came originally from England. The output of the White Pottery was instrumental in the development and refinement of that art in the Maritimes during the last century. 2320 Collard, Elizabeth. Pottery and Porcelain. Canadian Antiques Collector 10 no 5 (Sept-Oct 1975) 47-51.10 ill (2 col), bibl, En Collard is concerned primarily with foreign pottery and porcelain imported into Canada in the 19th century. Victorian Canadians demanded a wide variety of ceramic wares incorporating elegance, good taste, cheapness, and novelty, which resulted in "creative eclecticism" on the part of manufacturers. 2321 Lambart, Helen H. Deux siecles de ceramique dans la vallee du Richelieu, etude historique. Ottawa, Ont: Musees nationaux du Canada, 1975. 31 p (Musee national de 1'Homme. Publications d'histoire 1), 8 ill, Fr. Version anglaise: Two Centuries of Ceramics in the Richelieu Valley: A Documentary History On presente, dans cet ouvrage, le developpement de 1'industrie de la poterie dans la vallee du Richelieu (Que) depuis ses debuts, au XVIIIe siecle, jusqu'a la fin du XIXe siecle. On y analyse les realisations des artisans de Saint-Denis, de la famille Farrar de Saint-Jean, des ateliers de St. Johns Stone Chinaware Company, et d'autres fabriques de la region de Saint-Jean-d'Iberville ainsi que les raisons ayant cause le declin de cette industrie. 2322 Lambart, Helen H. Les potiers et leurs rivieres: les ateliers de poterie de Saint-Charles et de Cap-Rouge a la fin
Ceramics / Ceramique 271 du dix-neuvieme siecle. Ottawa, Ont: Musees nationaux du Canada, 1975. viii,26 p (Musee national de 1'Homme. Publications d'histoire no 2), 8 ill, bibl, Fr. Version anglaise: The Rivers of the Potters: The St. Charles and Cap-Rouge Potteries in the Late Nineteenth Century En s'appuyant sur la richesse des archives notariales de la province, 1'auteure presente une breve histoire des ateliers qui prospererent dans la region de Quebec durant la deuxieme moitie du XIXe siecle. Lambart explique d'abord que, sous Joseph Smolensk! et plus tard sous Charles Mederschein (entre 1840 et 1880), la fabrication de poeles en faience etait florissante. II est ensuite question de la firme W. et D. Bell qui, pendant 75 ans, a utilise des argiles rouges des environs de la riviere Saint-Charles et de la terre a pipe britannique pour produire des poteries et 95 pipes celebres. Elle parle aussi des etablissements des Dion de L'Ancienne-Lorette, de la poterie d'Hobson a Sainte-Angele et de 1'atelier a Cap-Rouge, qui a ete construit en 1860, mais n'a jamais atteint le succes commercial. 2323 Newlands, David. The Egmondville Pottery, Huron County, Ontario, 1852-1910. Canadian Antiques Collector 10 no I (Jan-Feb 1975) 22-25. 8 ill, diagr, En An historical survey of one of the longest operating earthenware potteries in early Ontario beginning with the first potter, Valentine Boehler, who immigrated to Canada from Germany in 1850. The rapid decline of the pottery beginning in the late 1890s can be attributed to the introduction of inexpensive containers. 2324 Peterborough (Ont), Sir Sandford Fleming College. Catalogue: Canadian Antique Pottery & Stoneware. 1975. Jaan Teng. 20 p, 136 ill, 136 works shown, En An exhibition of more than 100 early products of potteries in Ontario, Quebec, and Nova Scotia. 2325 Antonelli, Marylu. Medalta Pottery. Canadian Collector II no 1 (Jan-Feb 1976) 71-73. 6 ill (6 col), En A history of ceramic production at Medalta Potteries, Ltd. (Medicine Hat, Alberta, 1916-1954). Moving with the times, the firm first produced stoneware, then decorated artware, then hotel china and dishes for the armed forces, and finally souvenir items. 2326 Collard, Elizabeth. The "Thomas Views". Canadian Collector 11 no 5 (Sept-Oct 1976) 23-26.10 ill, bibl, En Collard presents a convincing argument for the theory that the views of Quebec found on china tableware made in Scotland to fill an order placed by Quebec china merchant Francis Thomas were based on a series of drawings published in booklet form by Charles E. Holiwell in 1888. The Thomas views were made earlier (ca 1880), but Holiwell's drawings had been sold separately in Quebec before the publication of the booklet and could have been bought by Francis Thomas and sent to Glasgow's Britannia Pottery, where the tableware was made. 2327 Collard, Elizabeth. The St. Johns Stone Chinaware Company. Antiques 110 no 4 (Oct 1976) 800-805.14 ill, En A brief history of the St. Johns Stone Chinaware Company (Que), the first pottery in Canada to concentrate on the production of whiteware, tracing the firm until its demise in 1899.
2328 Newlands, David L. The Ahrens Pottery. Canadian Collector 11 no 5 (Sept-Oct 1976) 33-37.15 ill, bibl, En Jacob Henry Ahrens manufactured pottery on the Nith River in Paris, Ontario, from 1860 to 1892. The manufacturer, known either as the Ahrens or Paris Pottery, produced a wide variety of ceramic products and a number of prizewinning decorative items. Includes a list of pieces. 2329 NewlandsA David L. The Egmondville Pottery Revisited. Canadian Collector 11 no 2 (Mar-Apr 1976) 19-23.11 ill, En Newlands describes the second phase of archaeological excavation and field survey work at the Egmondville Pottery in Ontario. The importance of the collection of tools unearthed at the Huron Pottery cannot be overemphasized; this is the first collection of some of the tools used by 19th century Canadian potters. In addition to the tools, the excavation provided a number of new vessel forms and glaze colours that can be identified with the Huron Pottery. 2330 Newlands, David L. The Potters of Paris Ontario. Canadian Collector 11 no 6 (Nov-Dec 1976) 48-51.9 ill, bibl, En The history of potteries in Paris (Ont) is traced from the late 1840s onward, paying particular attention to the Marlatt Pottery, founded by John Marlatt in 1859. 2331 Sibun, Piers Seton. Ceramics in Quebec Past, Present, Projected. MA. Montreal, Que: Concordia University, 1976. viii,l34 p, bibl, En. Canadian Thesis on Microfiche no 28468. Ottawa, Ont: National Library of Canada This thesis is a study of ceramics in Quebec from the early 1600s to 1976. The author discusses the rise and fall of the potteries, with information about those families responsible for their development. The 20th century is presented through developments and intentions of various associations and college-level educational institutions. Future trends are suggested based upon personal views expressed by selected potters within the Montreal area. 2332 Collard, Elizabeth. A Cap Rouge Presentation Jug. Canadian Collector 12 no 3 (May-June 1977) 18-21.7 ill, bibl, En This jug, made by Philip Pointon, is one of the most unusual examples of early Canadian pottery known today. Collard notes that it is one of the earliest surviving pieces of Canadian white-bodied stoneware that can be dated with precision (Feb 1874), that it was made at the Cap-Rouge Pottery in Quebec City (a pottery more associated with brownware and yellow ware), and that it is a presentation piece, a rare category in Canadian pottery. 2333 Elwood, Marie. The State Dinner Service of Canada, 1898. Material History Bulletin / Bulletin d'histoire de la culture materielle 3 (Spring 1977) 41-49. 3 ill, bibl, En The Women's Art Association of Canada in 1896 proposed the creation of a State dinner service to be decorated in the fashionable art of china painting under the supervision of Mary Dignam by Alice Mary Egan of Halifax (NS) along with 12 other artists from Ontario and Quebec. Elwood provides capsule notes on the background to this commission, the technique of china painting, and the favourable reception accorded the finished product. An appendix lists
272 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs the types of views painted by each of the participating artists. 2334 Newlands, David. A Catalogue of Sprig Moulds from Two Huron County, Ontario, Earthenware Potteries. Material History Bulletin / Bulletin d'histoire de la culture materielle 3 (Spring 1977) 15-30. 33 ill, bibl, En A collection of sprig moulds, small hand-held forms for making decorative reliefs on pottery, was found at archaeological excavation sites at the Huron Pottery (Egmondville, Ont) and David Burns Pottery (Holmesville, Ont). Newlands speculates on the origins of the designs and gives a brief history of the potteries involved. 2335 Newlands, David L. The Brantf ord Pottery. Canadian Collector 12 no 1 / 2 (Jan-Feb / Mar-Apr 1977) 22-27 / 22-27. 50 ill, maps, bibl, En A two-part series on the Brantford (Ont) Pottery's 58 years of operation, 1849-1906. Despite several changes in ownership, the firm maintained a high standard of craftsmanship. Sophisticated bird designs by F.P. Goold & Co. (1859-1867) and fancy Rockingham and yellow glazes by W.E. Welding (1873-1894) are among the most successful productions. 2336 Newlands, David L. The New Hamburg Pottery. Canadian Collector 12 no 4 (July-Aug 1977) 36-39. 8 ill, maps, En The New Hamburg Pottery in Ontario (1851-1916) was never a large company, producing a limited range of mixing bowls, milk pans, flowerpots, and stove tubes in earthenware. Newlands examines the output of the factory based on the results of a 1975 archaeological excavation. 2337 Antonelli, Marylu; Forbes, Jack. Pottery in Alberta: The Long Tradition. Edmonton, Alta: University of Alberta Press, 1978.189 p, 69 ill (3 col), En An historical survey of the clay-products industry in Alberta from the early 1900s to the present, with the emphasis on pottery. The authors discuss the connection between Alberta as a onetime centre for industrial pottery and its present position as a centre for artistic and production pottery. A glossary is appended. 2338 Badone, Donalda. The Humberstone Potteries of North York. Canadian Collector 13 no 6 (Nov-Dec 1978) 44-48. 11 ill, maps, bibl, En The Humberstone family's first pottery was established in 1798 and the family pottery tradition continued just north of Toronto until 1918. Badone indicates locations of Humberstone properties, notes the types of wares, and describes glazing mixtures. 2339 Collard, Elizabeth. Canadian Pottery in an English Mould: Early Staffordshire Potters' Influence. Country Life 164 no 4240 (12 Oct 1978) 1102,1104. 8 ill, En British immigrants had an appreciable influence on Canadian 19th century white earthenware and heavy ironstone pottery. Collard identifies some of these British potters, explores the enthusiastic reception of new inventions in the 1850s by the Elmsdale Pottery factory (Halifax, NS) and by the Scottish potters working in Quebec, and includes references to the introduction of whiteware pottery at the St. Johns Stone China ware Company in 1873.
2340 Collard, Elizabeth. Ceramics in Canada and a Glimpse of Their Setting. Canadian Collector 13 no 1 (Jan-Feb 1978) 30-34.11 ill (2 col), bibl, En Collard discusses the British pottery that was available to Canadians from 1880 to 1914. The craze for "aestheticism" in the late 19th century created a demand for decorated ceramics. Quoting from the newspapers of the day, Collard reviews the various imported wares that excited Canadian consumers and collectors up to 1914: Anglo-Japanese wares, Doulton art pottery, William De Morgan painted earthenware, china plaques, Art Nouveau ornamental wares, and Limoges porcelain. 2341 Collard, Elizabeth. Steamboats and the China Collector. Canadian Collector 13 no 6 (Nov-Dec 1978) 26-30. 12 ill, bibl, En Chinaware that celebrates the lore of Canadian shipping is now of prime interest to ceramics collectors. Collard addresses this interest, providing a detailed history of this type of china production. She includes photographs of some objects that have never before been illustrated. 2342 Copeland, Mary. An Unrecorded View on 19th-century Earthenware. Canadian Collector 13 no 4 (July-Aug 1978) 26-28. 6 ill, bibl, En The article concerns a view found on a fragment of a 19th century earthenware bowl or small basin. The author is certain that the view is that of the Quebec Lunatic Asylum at Beauport as it appeared between 1845 and 1875. The source for the view is still in doubt, as is the maker. 2343 Gaumond, Michel; Martin, Paul-Louis. Les maitres-potiers du bourg Saint-Denis, 1785-1888. Quebec, Que: ministere des Affaires culturelles. Direction generale du patrimoine. Direction d'archeologie et d'ethnologie, 1978.180 p (Cahiers du patrimoine 9), 23 ill, diagr, cartes, Fr Ces recherches archeologiques et ethnographiques permettent de decrire globalement le groupe d'artisans que furent les potiers du bourg Saint-Denis (Que). Les auteurs tentent de les situer dans leur contexte economique et social, d'analyser leurs reactions face a la technologie nouvelle et de comprendre leur mode de vie familiale et professionnelle. Dans ces trois chapitres, on traite respectivement de 1'histoire du bourg Saint-Denis; des potiers, de leur formation, de leur vie professionnelle et familiale, de leurs techniques; et de leur disparition. 2344 Langlois, Jacques. Repertoire des artisans-potiers quebecois, 1655-1916. Quebec, Que: ministere des Affaires culturelles. Direction generale du patrimoine. Centre de documentation. Service de 1'inventaire des biens culturels, 1978.175 p (Dossier 37), 10 ill, bibl, index, Fr Ce document est un repertoire des artisans-potiers quebecois, devoilant 1'origine des potiers, leur nombre, leur periode d'activite et leur concentration en territoire quebecois de 1655 a 1916. Plusieurs tableaux sur 1'apprentissage et sur 1'exercice du metier sont inclus. Dans plusieurs cas, la "signature des artisans est reproduite. 2345 Moussette, Marcel. Notes a propos d'un document sur les potiers Dion. Melanges en I'honneur de Luc Lacourdere: folklore francais d'Amerique, p 313-319. Edite par Jean-Claude Dupont. Montreal, Que: Lemeac, 1978.1 ill, bibl, Fr
Ceramics / Ceramique 273 La poterie Dion etait situee dans la localite des Saules, en bordure de la riviere Saint-Charles en banlieue de Quebec. A partir de 1850 jusqu'au debut du XXe siecle, sept membres de la famille, Jean-Baptiste et son frere Antoine ainsi que ses cinq fils, ont exerce le metier de potier. Dans le texte, base sur une documentation d'archives et sur la tradition orale, on releve 1'apprentissage des potiers, les modeles et 1'argile utilises, et les types de pieces fabriques. 2346 Newlands, David L. A Toronto Pottery Company Catalogue. Material History Bulletin / Bulletin d'histoire de la culture materielle 5 (Spring 1978) 12-35. 34 ill, bibl, En The Toronto Pottery Company (Toronto, Ont) was a major supplier of ceramics in Canada during the first quarter of the 20th century. The Company was unique insofar as it imported all of its wares from the United States. The article concludes with a facsimile reprint of a catalogue, circulated by the Company ca 1912, of Rockingham ware, Bristol ware, and yellow ware. 2347 Newlands, David L. The Hamilton Pottery. Canadian Collector 13 no 2 (Mar-Apr 1978) 29-34.19 ill, bibl, En A history of the Hamilton Pottery, the most successful of the five potteries located in Hamilton (Ont) between the last quarter of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. 2348 Newlands, David L. The New Hamburg Pottery, New Hamburg, Ontario, 1854-1916. Waterloo, Ont: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1978. ii,56 p, 18 ill, diagr, maps, bibl, En Archaeological work was undertaken in Waterloo County, Ontario, to obtain information about the pottery that originated in that area, and specifically in New Hamburg during the second half of the 19th century. The work of Xavier Boehler is discussed in detail and an alphabetical listing of other artisans is supplied. Includes a history of the New Hamburg Pottery, a description of the site, and notes on the excavations and on the types of pottery discovered. 2349 Newlands, David L. The Rise and Fall of Ontario's Potteries. Everyday Life in Nineteenth Century Ontario: The Proceedings of a Seminar Sponsored by the Ontario Museum Association, p 99-102. Toronto, Ont: Ontario Museum Association, 1978. bibl, En Newlands traces the rapid evolution of earthenware and stoneware pottery manufacturing in Ontario from 1796 to ca 1931 when changing economic and social standards led to the dominance of mass-produced imported wares. Text and tables name specific potters. 2350 Parker, Bruce A. Potteries of the Brothers Glass. Canadian Collector 13 no 5 (Sept-Oct 1978) 44-48.12 ill, bibl, En The author traces the lineage of the Brothers Glass firm in London (Ont) back through three other 19th century potteries: Gray & Betts, Grey Glass, and the London Crockery Mfg. Co., all of which produced a wide variety of products. 2351 Sussman, Lynne. A Preliminary Catalogue of Non-Copeland Patterns Associated with the Hudson's Bay Company. Ottawa, Ont: Department of Indian and Northern Affairs. Parks Canada. National Historic Parks and Sites
Branch, 1978. v,74 p (Manuscript Report Number 430), 50 ill, bibl, En The author identifies tableware and toiletware supplied to the Hudson's Bay Company by three china dealers and describes the patterns, made by numerous potteries, found at Hudson's Bay Company sites. 2352 Genet, Nicole. Les collections archeologiques de la place Royale: la faience. Quebec, Que: ministere des Affaires culturelles. Direction generate du patrimoine, 1979. 311 p (Dossier 45), 102 ill, plans, diagr, bibl, Fr L'auteure inventorie et analyse 500 artefacts de faience provenant de 29 sites excaves a la place Royale de Quebec. Ils sont etudies suivant leur forme et leur destination, et classes suivant leur lieu de fabrication. Elle propose egalement un bref expose sur 1'histoire et les precedes de fabrication de la faience, son utilisation a la place Royale, les principaux lieux de fabrication en Europe d'ou proviennent les faiences de la collection, et examine plus en detail deux depots provenant des maisons Perthuis et Estebe. 2353 Kaellgren, C.Peter. Ecanada Art Pottery. Canadian Collector 14 no 2 (Mar-Apr 1979) 56-63. 39 ill, En A brief history of the Ecanada Art Pottery in Hamilton, Ontario (1945-1952), and George Emery, Sr. (1881-1959), its originator. This factory produced a Canadian version of Wedgewood jasperware, which is discussed in terms of production methods, colours, ranges of wares, designs and designers employed, distribution, makers, look-alikes, prices, and the continuation of the Wedgewood tradition in Canada. 2354 Karschti, Mikel. The Society of Some Plates. New Brunswick Museum. Journal (1979) 28-37. 3 ill, bibl, En The author has attempted to account for the taste of the 19th century Canadian buyers of imported ceramic plates in the collection of the New Brunswick Museum. The 200 plates are analysed based upon manufacturer, type, geographical source, date, and type of decoration. According to the author, the original owners of the plates held the values of mainstream Canadian society but also diverged in some respects. 2355 Newlands, David L. Early Ontario Potters: Their Craft and Trade. Toronto, Ont: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 1979. 245 p, many ill, diagr, maps, bibl, index, En A comprehensive study of the Ontario pottery industry's production of utilitarian containers for home or industry in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Newlands covers every region of Ontario, outlining products, methods of production, site descriptions, history, and craftsmen. The book contains a glossary, as well as a substantial checklist of pottery marks. 2356 Newlands, David L. More Rare and Unusual Ontario Pottery. Canadian Collector 14 no 5 (Sept-Oct 1979) 27-31. 11 ill, En The author identifies the distinctive characteristics, colours, and ranges of wares produced by a number of pottery firms in Ontario during the 19th century, in particular Adam Birnstihl in Bridgeport and William Eby in Markham.
274 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs 2357 Sussman, Lynne. Les motifs imprimes de Spode / Copeland dans vingt sites de la Compagnie de la baie d'Hudson. Ottawa, Ont: Environnement Canada. Pares Canada. Direction des lieux et des pares historiques nationaux, 1979. 244 p (Lieux historiques canadiens: cahiers d'archeologie et d'histoire no 22), 251 ill, bibl, Fr. Version anglaise: Spode/ Copeland Transfer-printed Patterns Found at 20 Hudson's Bay Company Sites Vers 1835, 1'atelier de Spode and Copeland dans le Staffordshire (Angleterre) devient le pourvoyeur attitre de la Compagnie de la baie d'Hudson en vaisselle et en ceramique sanitaire. II le demeure jusqu'au debut du XXe siecle. De nombreux motifs imprimes appartenant aux terres cuites Spode and Copeland sont illustres. On trouve, dans cet ouvrage, une liste des divers motifs trouves sur les sites de la Compagnie de la baie d'Hudson. Dans un court texte, on decrit la relation entre la Compagnie de la baie d'Hudson et 1'atelier de Spode and Copeland. 2358 Sussman, Lynne. Spode / Copeland Transfer-printed Patterns Found at 20 Hudson's Bay Company Sites. Ottawa, Ont: Indian and Northern Affairs. Parks Canada. National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, 1979. 246 p (Canadian Historic Sites: Occasional Papers in Archaeology and History no 22), 251 ill, bibl, En. French edition: Les motifs imprimes de Spode / Copeland dans vingt sites de la Compagnie de la baie d'Hudson In the mid-1830s the Spode and Copeland pottery of Staffordshire (England) became the supplier of tableware and toiletware to the Hudson's Bay Company and continued in this capacity until the early 20th century. Numerous Spode and Copeland transfer-print patterns are illustrated. Tables indicate patterns found at specific sites, and a short text documents the association between the Hudson's Bay Company and the Spode and Copeland Company. 2359 Wickens, Keith. Ecanada Art Pottery: A Profile. Gazette (Canadian Museums Association / Association des musses canadiens) 12 no 3 (Summer 1979) 38-42. 4 ill, En A review of the Ecanada Art Pottery exhibition presented in 1979 by the Art Gallery of Hamilton (Hamilton, Ont), probably the first exhibition of its kind in any museum or art gallery. Wickens outlines a short history of Ecanada Art Pottery, porcellaneous stoneware and jasperware produced from 1912 to the 1950s by George E. Emery, a British immigrant, and explains how the pottery was produced. Many of the pieces on display are described in detail. 2360 Collard, Elizabeth. Canadian Sports on Plates. Canadian Collector 15 no 4 (July-Aug 1980) 26-29.9 ill, bibl, En Collard has established a relationship between scenes on earthenware in the "Canadian Sports" pattern manufactured by John Marshall & Co. of Bo'ness, Scotland, and scenes in the series of Christmas and New Year's cards published by Bennet & Co. of Montreal at the beginning of the 1880s. 2361 Collard, Elizabeth. Clementson Wares: An Opportunity for the China Collector. Canadian Antiques and Art Review 2 no 12 (Oct 1980) 26-29. 9 ill, bibl, En Collard investigates the ties between the Clementsons in Staffordshire and the Canadian market in the last half of the 19th century through its wholesale and retail house Francis Clementson & Co. in Saint John (NB). Several of the
firm's popular patterns, and the marketing and dating of Clementson wares, are discussed. 2362 Copeland, Mary. Canadian Scenes on "Agricultural Vase". Canadian Antiques and Art Review 1 no 7 (Apr 1980) 34-39.13 ill, bibl, En The "Agricultural Vase" pattern on Staffordshire earthenware was first produced by Ridgway, Morley, Wear & Co. of Hanley, Staffordshire (England), ca 1841. The importance of this pattern to the collector is the potter's selection of Canadian scenes, engraved after W.H. Bartlett's views in Canadian Scenery, for backgrounds on the vases. 2363 Elwood, Marie. "Specimens of China Brought to the Colonies" and "Household Wares of Colonial Times": The Weldon and Trumbull-Prime Collections. Material History Bulletin / Bulletin d'histoire de la culture materielle 10 (Spring 1980) 97-107.12 ill, bibl, En The Weldon Collection of 363 pieces of English tableware from the period ca 1760-1840, and Chinese export porcelain ca 1610-1790, originally in the households of Loyalist and other early settlers of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, was assembled by Susannah Anne Weldon and donated to the Museum of King's College, Windsor (NS), in 1880. This group probably constitutes the earliest collection of ceramics in Canada. Also described is the Trumbull-Prime Collection of ceramics at Princeton University, New Jersey. 2364 Gusset, Gerard. Les gres blancs salins, rhenans et a corps sec. Ottawa, Ont: Environnement Canada. Pares Canada. Direction des lieux et des pares historiques nationaux, 1980. 261 p (Histoire et archeologie 38), 20 ill, diagr, bibl, Fr. Version anglaise: Stoneware: White Salt-glazed, Rhenish and Dry Body Ce travail se veut un guide a 1'usage des ceramistes, des archeologues et des historiens de la ceramique. II est forme de trois inventaires sur le gres, appartenant a la collection de Pares Canada depuis 1970-1971. Les sites etudies sont a Terre-Neuve, au Nouveau-Brunswick, en Nouvelle-Ecosse, a I'lle-du-Prince-Edouard et au Quebec. 2365 Gusset, Gerard. Stoneware: White Salt-glazed, Rhenish and Dry Body. Ottawa, Ont: Environment Canada. Parks Canada. National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, 1980. 244 p (History and Archaeology 38), many ill, diagr, bibl, En. French edition: Les gres blancs salins, rhenans et a corps sec A manual for ceramic analysts, archaeologists, and historians that brings together three separate inventories of 18th-century stoneware in the collections of Parks Canada as of 1970-1971. Sites represented are located in Newfoundland, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and Quebec. 2366 Proulx, Andre. L'atelier ceramique Charles Belleau: La Baie (Chicoutimi), 1855-1889. Quebec, Que: ministere des Affaires culturelles. Direction generate du patrimoine, 1980. 246 p (Dossier 47), plus ill (1 coul), diagr, Fr Dans cette etude, 1'auteur tente de cerner la production du maitre potier Charles Belleau, personnage etrange et solitaire autour duquel s'inscrivent quelques legendes. Apres les fouilles archeologiques et la cueillette de pieces et de tessons sur le territoire de La Baie, on a etabli des criteres pour decrire les attributs de la collection, ils sont divises en trois classes: criteres technologiques (composi-
Ceramics / Ceramique 275 tion de la pate, des glaqures, petrissage, cuisson); criteres morpho-technologiques (elaboration d'une forme: hauteur, diametre); criteres decoratifs (elements stylistiques autres que ceux de la forme). Les fouilles ont aussi permis de decouvrir des instruments pour l'enfournement et des outils. 2367 Rupp, David W. The B. Lent Pottery, c. 1836-1841. Canadian Collector 15 no 3 (May-June 1980) 39-43.16 ill, En New information on the early phase of the red earthenware tradition in Lincoln County (Ont) has been revealed in the excavations of a kiln and workshop located on the Niagara escarpment. Existing evidence leads to the conclusion that the potter was Benjamin Lent. Rupp traces a brief biography of the potter and describes the kiln and workshop areas, various vessel shapes, and firing and glazing processes. 2368 Barton, Kenneth James. Coarse Earthenwares from the Fortress of Louisbourg. Ottawa, Ont: Environment Canada. Parks Canada. National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, 1981. p 3-76 (History and Archaeology 55), 52 ill, diagr, bibl, En. French edition: Terres cuites grossieres provenant de la f orteresse de Louisbourg The author identifies and attempts to evaluate 39 groups of coarse earthenwares derived from an examination of 58,737 sherds of pottery excavated at Louisbourg (NS) over the past 20 years. Five wares, most of them from France and colonial America, are studied in detail. 2369 Barton, Kenneth James. Terres cuites grossieres provenant de la forteresse de Louisbourg. Ottawa, Ont: Environnement Canada. Pares Canada. Direction des lieux et des pares historiques nationaux, 1981. p 4-78 (Histoire et archeologie 55), 52 ill, diagr, bibl, Fr. Version anglaise: Coarse Earthenwares from the Fortress of Louisbourg Dans ce texte, 1'auteur identifie et tente d'evaluer 39 groupes de terre cuite determines a partir de 1'examen de 58,737 tessons de terre cuite, decouverts grace aux fouilles intensives qui eurent lieu a Louisbourg (NE) ces 20 dernieres annees. II s'agit uniquement de terre cuite grossiere. Les cinq grandes categories de terre cuite font chacune 1'objet d'une etude particuliere, la plupart proviennent de France et des colonies de 1'Amerique. 2370 Collard, Elizabeth. An Exciting Discovery. Canadian Collector 16 no 3 (May-June 1981) 40-42. 4 ill, En The author discusses a hitherto unrecorded view of Montreal on a rare china tureen stand dated ca 1840. The view is based on Robert Sproule's "View of Montreal from St. Helen's Island," which was engraved by Adolphus Bourne in 1830. 2371 Getty, Ronald; Forbes, Jack. Alberta Pottery: An Overview of the Pottery Industry in the Medicine Hat / Redcliff Area of Southern Alberta, 1912-1981. Canadian Antiques and Art Review 3 no 22 (Oct 1981) 26-30.13 ill, bibl, En A brief history of Alberta pottery firms, with dates of operation, owners, products and glazes, patterns, and distinguishing marks. The firms are Medicine Hat Pottery (1912-ca 1914), Medalta Stoneware (1915-1924), Medalta Potteries (1924-1952), Alberta Potteries (ca 1930-1938), and Medicine Hat Potteries (1937-1956). The authors include a condensed chronology of the major shifts in this complex
of related companies, which produced a wide variety of functional stoneware, hotel ware, household items, and commemorative pieces. 2372 Getty, Ronald; Klaiman, Ester. Identifying Medalta, 1916-1954: A Guide to Markings. Material History Bulletin / Bulletin d'histoire de la culture materielle 12 (Spring 1981) 17-60. many ill, bibl, En A study of the various markings found on products made by Medalta Stoneware Limited (later Medalta Potteries Limited) of Medicine Hat (Alta) between 1916 and 1954. The first section records the oxide stamps, mould impressions, and paper labels used by the company to identify its wares. In section two the authors discuss other identifying markings found on Medalta wares, usually in association with the company's name. A listing of specific companies, firms, and businesses that engaged Medalta to produce items bearing their own names for advertising or identification purposes is given in part three. 2373 Lochnan, Katharine A. Victorian Tiles in Toronto. Canadian Collector 16 no 5 (Sept-Oct 1981) 54-59.11 ill, bibl, En Victorian tiles, from Gothic revival to Art Nouveau, are found in great numbers in Toronto (Ont) homes. The Staffordshire potteries, in particular Minton's and Maw & Co., found a ready market in Toronto from the 1850s on. Canadian architects, among them Frederic William Cumberland, depended upon Maw & Co. for entire floors of ceramic tiles for major buildings that they had designed. 2374 Newlands, David L. The Art of the Ontario Redware Potter. Canadian Antiques and Art Review 3 no 22 (Oct 1981) 20-25.14 ill (1 col), En Newlands traces the growth and decline of redware potteries in Ontario, noting distinctive styles, glazes, and types of pots. Traditional shapes and simple decorations were used because these potters were competing with English and American potteries and had to work rapidly and cheaply.
Contemporary / Epoque contemporaine 2375 Home, Ruth M. Pottery in Canada. Canadian Geographical Journal 28 no 2 (Feb 1944) 64-77. 27 ill, En Home briefly lists and describes pottery programs at several schools across Canada, concluding with a discussion of design and technique standards that distinguish art pottery. 2376 Cragg, Allan. Kjeld Diechmann [sic]. New Liberty (7 Feb 1948) 15-17,39. 6 ill, En In 1932 Kjeld Deichmann discovered that the clay deposits on his farm in New Brunswick were suitable for making pottery, and he and his wife Erica began to make the ox-blood pottery that attracts international collectors and has been acquired by various art galleries. 2377 New Brunswick's Master Potters. Imperial Oil Review 35 no 1 (Feb-Mar 1951) 14-18.11 ill, En A descriptive account of the pottery, methods, and products of Canada's internationally recognized potters Kjeld and Erica Deichmann of New Brunswick, whose stoneware is compared by connoisseurs with that produced during the golden age of Chinese ceramics.
276 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs 2378 Ayre, Robert. Enamels and Ceramics in Quebec. Canadian Art 11 no 3 (Spring 1954) 95-99. 6 ill, En The Quebec government has given considerable encouragement to arts and crafts. Three Quebec ceramicists who are discussed here are Claude Vermette, who makes dishes, brooches, and tiles, each bearing a unique design; Franqoise Desrochers-Drolet, who makes enamel plates and ashtrays, also bearing very individual designs; and Jean-Baptiste Bergeron, also an enameler, whose plates, brooches, and earrings bear brilliantly coloured glazes. 2379 Canadian Guild of Potters. Canadian Ceramics / Ceramiques canadiennes. 1955-1971. Biennial, some ill, En,Fr The Canadian Guild of Potters' Canadian Ceramics / Ceramiques canadiennes exhibitions were held every two years between 1955 and 1971 in Montreal (Que) and Toronto (Ont). Catalogues carry comments by jury members; descriptions of works accepted for exhibition, frequently with prices; and numerous illustrations. Earlier catalogues have subtitles, e.g., Pottery, Sculpture, Enamel (1955). La Canadian Guild of Potters a tenu tous les deux ans, entre 1955 et 1971, des expositions a Montreal (Que) et a Toronto (Ont). Les catalogues intitules Canadian Ceramics / Ceramiques canadiennes comprennent les conclusions des jurys, la description des oeuvres acceptees, le plus souvent une liste des prix, et ils sont abondamment illustres. Les catalogues anterieurs ont portes des sous-titres (par exemple, pour celui de 1955: Pottery, Sculpture, Enamel). 2380 Ayre, Robert. Ceramics in Canada. Studio 154 no 777 (Dec 1957) 168-175.12 ill, En A brief survey of Canadian participation in national and international exhibitions of ceramics is followed by a discussion of the biennial exhibitions of Canadian pottery sponsored by the Canadian Handicrafts Guild and the Canadian Guild of Potters. Noting that Canadian ceramics are dominated by regional characteristics rather than a consistent national character, Ayre discusses the work of Kjeld and Erica Deichmann, who are from Denmark, and Konrad Sadowski and Krystyna Sadowska, newcomers from Poland. 2381 Millet, Robert. Un potier japonais a North Hatley. Maclean 4 no 12 (dec 1964) 27-29,56,58. 9 ill, Fr Shimaoka est 1'un des maitres potiers d'un village japonais repute pour ses poteries. ll est venu enseigner ses techniques a une quinzaine de potiers quebecois reunis a 1'ecole de Gaetan Beaudin, La Poterie, a North Hatley, pres de Sherbrooke. 2382 Toronto (Ont), Canadian Guild of Potters. Invitation I: Achard, Falk, Lindoe, Roy, Sures. 1968-1970. Travelling exhibition. 24 p, many ill, exh list, 57 works shown, En,Fr Five Canadian ceramic artists were invited to exhibit 12 works each: Maurice Achard (Quebec), Gathie Falk (British Columbia), Luke Lindoe (Alberta), Ron Roy (Ontario), and Jack Sures (Saskatchewan). Cinq ceramistes d'art du Canada nous presentent chacun 12 oeuvres: Maurice Achard (Quebec), Gathie Falk (Colombie-Britannique), Luke Lindoe (Alberta), Ron Roy (Ontario) et Jack Sures (Saskatchewan).
2383 Shuebrook, Ron. Regina Funk. Art and Artists 8 no 5 (Aug 1973) 38-41. 3 ill (1 col), En A review of Six Regina Artists, a 1973 ceramics exhibition at the Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery that attempts to draw attention to renewed artistic activity in Regina (Sask). Shuebrook focusses on the varying and unorthodox treatments of clay in "funk" ceramics: the technical mastery and "whimsical irreverence" of Victor Cicansky, the personal mythology and symbolism of David Gilhooly's "frog world," the superrealism of Marilyn Levine, and new work by Russell Yuristy, Joe Fafard, and Ann James. 2384 Fisette, Serge. Potiers quebecois. Preface de Gaetan Beaudin. Montreal, Que: Lemeac, 1974. 126 p (Les arts du Quebec), plus ill (cert en coul), bibl, Fr L'auteur analyse les oeuvres de 13 potiers d'origine quebecoise, relevant de 1'entreprise artisanale. II presente dans ce livre abondamment illustre 1'apprentissage, le style et la production de chacun des artisans. 2385 Regina (Sask), University of Regina. Norman Mackenzie Art Gallery. New Clay in Regina. 27 Sept-27 Oct 1974. 35 p, 47 ill, biogr, 111 works shown, En Works in clay shown in this exhibition are by artists who have not shown extensively in Regina (Sask) or who have not shown these particular works. The 14 contributing artists are discussed in brief biographies. 2386 Edmonton (Alta), Edmonton Art Gallery. The History of Ceramics in Alberta. 11 July-31 Aug 1975. Also shown: Calgary (Alta), Alberta College of Art, 12 Sept-3 Oct 1975. 30 p, 25 ill, 85 works shown, En A chart covering ceramics production in Alberta from 1900 to 1975 focusses on important events, programs, organizations, and individual artists. The chart is explained in the catalogue introduction, which surveys various factories, first generation (1940-1960s) ceramicists, and the contemporary scene. 2387 Calgary (Alta), Glenbow-Alberta Institute. National Ceramics Exhibition Calgary / Exposition nationale de ceramique de Calgary. 29 Oct-12 Dec 1976. Presented by Alberta Potters' Association and Glenbow-Alberta Institute with the co-operation of the Canadian Guild of Potters. Statements by jury members: Ed Drahanchuk; David Gilhooly; John Reeve; Louise Doucet-Saito; Donald Blake Webster. 35 p, 76 ill, exh list, 234 works shown, En,Fr Out of a total of 480 entries in National Ceramics Exhibition Calgary, 234 works by 136 Canadian ceramicists were chosen by the five jurors. The exhibition is sponsored by the Alberta Potters' Association, with many of the prizewinning pieces being purchased by the Glenbow-Alberta Institute for its permanent collection. The principal catalogue text consists of the comments of the five jurors: Ed Drahanchuk, David Gilhooly, John Reeve, Louise Doucet-Saito, and Donald Blake Webster. Des 480 projets presentes a 1'exposition nationale de ceramique de Calgary (National Ceramics Exhibition Calgary), 234 travaux de 136 ceramistes canadiens ont ete choisis par un jury compose de cinq membres. L'exposition etait parrainee par la Alberta Potter's Association. Plusieurs oeuvres primees ont ete acquises par le Glenbow-Alberta Institute pour sa collection permanente. Le texte du catalogue contient principalement les commen-
Glass / Verre 277 taires des cinq membres du jury: Ed Drahanchuk, David Gilhooly, John Reeve, Louise Doucet-Saito et Donald Blake Webster. 2388 Mortimer, Ann. National Ceramics Exhibition. Canada Crafts 2 no 2 (Dec-Jan 1976-1977) 16-21.13 ill, En The jurors of the National Ceramics Exhibition at the Glenbow-Alberta Institute in Calgary felt that the works submitted were not totally representative of the best ceramics being made in Canada; some artists chose not to submit, whereas others did not send their best work. Excerpts from the jurors' comments indicate concerns about gimmickry, conventionality, and crudity. 2389 Simmonds, Wylie; Elder, Linda. Hansen-Ross. Emerging Arts West 1 no 3 (Mar-Apr 1976) 24-29.22 ill (9 col), En The Hansen-Ross Pottery firm was founded in 1961 by Folmer Hansen and David Ross as a commercially viable business in Fort Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan. The authors trace Hansen's life and training, his work with Ross, and the latter's death in 1974. Hansen expresses his views on the weight, decoration, and utilitarian purpose of his pottery. 2390 Desy, Louise. La ceramique. Quebec, Que: ministere des Communications. Editeur officiel du Quebec. Documentation quebecoise, 1977. xi,157 p (Collection Formart. Serie Initiation aux metiers d'art), 191 ill (57 coul), diagr, bibl, Fr. Edition refondue et augmentee. Ce volume regroupe les numeros 4 La poterie et 26 La ceramique (techniques ancienne et contemporaine) de la serie des Editions Formart, acquise par 1'Editeur officiel du Quebec en 1975. D'autres demonstrations techniques sont ajoutees Dans ce volume, on tente de demontrer, a 1'aide d'illustrations, les techniques et les etapes a suivre pour 1'execution de plusieurs pieces de ceramique. De plus, de nombreux artisans et leurs oeuvres y sont presented. 2391 Kingsmill, Bob. A Catalogue of British Columbian Potters. Bowen Island, BC: Bob Kingsmill, 1977.124 p, many ill, En An introductory showcase of the contemporary pottery scene in British Columbia. The catalogue consists of 60 photographs of potters and their products, as well as autobiographical notes. Special reference is made to Axel Ebring, one of the earliest potters in the Okanagan Valley. 2392 Barnhouse, Dorothy. Two Profiles in Clay. Alberta's Western Living 4 no 1 (Jan 1979) 33-36. 2 ill, En A profile of Alberta ceramic artists Jean Lapointe Mihalcheon of Calgary and Charles Hilton of Edmonton. The former has been constructing king-size plaques and sculpture in the round, and has exhibited widely and won numerous awards. Hilton, who creates unglazed pots and figure sculptures, talks to the author about his increasing disillusionment with major sculptors who rely on technicians and the techniques of mass production. 2393 Alberta Ceramic Showcase, 1980. Contact 43-44 (Summer 1980) 1-64.136 ill, En This entire issue of Contact is devoted to the Alberta Ceramic Showcase exhibition, seen in five Alberta centres in 1980 and 1981. It includes reproductions and basic documentary
information on the works exhibited, biographical information on most of the 60 artists represented, jurors' and coordinator's remarks, an essay on potters' activities sponsored by the Alberta Potters' Association, and a summary report of exhibition details. 2394 Murray, Joan. Boxes for Loose Emeralds. Canada Crafts 5 no 2 (Jan-Feb 1980) 18-21. 8 ill (4 col), En Joan Jarvis of Winnipeg (Man) and Gerrie Balint of Oshawa (Ont) are two potters who prefer the lighter qualities of porcelain to stoneware. Jarvis finds that porcelain lends itself to the feminine approach, and enjoys working with clean, transparent glazes for her jewellery boxes. Balint makes, and sometimes throws, small-scale pottery sculptures. 2395 Ross, Judy Thompson. Down to Earth: Canadian Potters at Work. Research by Nina Czegledy-Nagy. Don Mills, Ont: Nelson Canada, 1980.167 p, many ill (25 col), En A record of the work of 18 contemporary Canadian studio or "art" potters: Wayne Ngan, Robin Hopper, Byron Johnstad, Annemarie Schmid-Esler, John Chalke, Jack Sures, Keith Campbell, Jack and Lorraine Herman, Ruth Gowdy McKinley, Roger Kerslake, Ann Mortimer, Gaetan Beaudin, Monique Bourbonnais Perron, Maurice Savoie, Tim Worthington, Pam Birdsall, and Walter Ostrom.
Glass / Verre 2396 Pierce, Edith Chown. Canadian Glass: A Footnote to History. Toronto, Ont: Privately printed, 1954.11 p, 1 ill, En The author chronicles her efforts to trace William Godkin Beach (1839-1902), a glassmaker in Mallorytown (Ont), whom she feels was a crucial figure in the history of Canadian glass. She concludes with notes on John Herring, Herring Glass Works, and some descriptions of its products. 2397 Toronto (Ont), Royal Ontario Museum. The Edith Chown Pierce & Gerald Stevens Collection of Early Canadian Glass. Presented to the Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, in memory of Mrs. Lome Pierce. Lome Pierce; Gerald Stevens. Toronto, Ont: Royal Ontario Museum, 1957. x,22 p, 5 ill, En Catalogue of a glass collection owned by the Royal Ontario Museum (Toronto, Ont) consisting of items found at five sites: Mallorytown, Hamilton, and Napanee (Ont) and Saint-Jean and Montreal (Que). The text consists of a brief history of the collection by Lome Pierce, chapters devoted to each of the sites by Gerald Stevens, and a checklist of the pieces in the collection, which date from ca 1825 to ca 1900. 2398 Pierce, Lome. Early Glass Houses of Nova Scotia: Being a Supplement to Early Canadian Glass, a Catalogue of the Edith Chown Pierce & Gerald Stevens Collection at the Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto. Two hundred and fifty copies only of Early Glass Houses of Nova Scotia were printed for the author and his friends in the Autumn of 1958. Toronto, Ont: Ryerson Press, 1958.18 p, 7 ill, En An overview of what is known about Canadian glass in 1958 is followed by studies of three glass companies in Nova Scotia: the Nova Scotia Glass Company, the Lament
278 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs Glass Company, and Humphreys Glass Works. Details of the history, staff, products, and techniques are given for each, especially for the Nova Scotia Glass Company. 2399 Stevens, Gerald. Early Canadian Glass. Foreword by Lome Pierce. Toronto, Ont: Ryerson Press, 1961. xxii,184 p, 46 ill, bibl, En. Reprint, Toronto, Ont: Coles, 1979 A detailed history of Canadian glassmaking and glassmakers, covering glasshouses located in Ontario (1825-1948), Quebec (1847-1898), and Nova Scotia (1881-1920), and summarizing all known and authenticated data deriving from archival sources, interviews, and excavations. The author lists the authenticated specimens in the Edith Chown Pierce and Gerald Stevens collection of early Canadian glass in the Royal Ontario Museum (Toronto, Ont). Stained glass is dealt with in sections about John C. Spence of Montreal and Robert McCausland Limited of Toronto. 2400 Ryder, Huia. [New Brunswick Glass]. New Brunswick Museum. Art Bulletin 6 no 3 (Mar 1962) 8. En A summary of available information about New Brunswick glass companies, with details of their histories, their financial affairs, and their products. The companies include the St. John Glass Company, the N.B. Crystal Glass Co., the Maritime Art Glass Works, Humphreys Glass Works, and the second St. John Glass Co. Includes a section on William Quinn, an itinerant glassblower. 2401 Stevens, Gerald. Early Ontario Glass. Toronto, Ont: University of Toronto Press for the Royal Ontario Museum, 1965. 16 p (Royal Ontario Museum Series: What? Why? When? How? Where? Who? 2), 12 ill, bibl, En Stevens discusses glass manufacturing in Ontario (ca 1825-1948) under the following headings: When did glassmaking begin? Where was glass made in Ontario? Why these locations? How was glass manufactured? Who were the glassblowers? What did each house make? Glass manufacturers discussed include the Mallorytown Glass Works, the Hamilton Glass Works, the Burlington Glass Works, the Napanee Glass Works, the Toronto Glass Works, the Sydenham Glass Company (the Dominion Glass Company Limited after 1913), the Beaver Flint Glass Company, and the Jefferson Glass Company. Includes a glossary. 2402 Spence, Hilda; Spence, Kevin. A Guide to Early Canadian Glass. Don Mills, Ont: Longman Canada, 1966.112 p, 80 ill (6 col), index, En The authors outline several pointers on deductive processes for dealing with problems related to identifying early Canadian glass, such as provenance, simultaneous productions, recurrent mould defects, and other problems. In subsequent chapters they trace the history of Canadian glass from New France to the 20th century. 2403 Provick, A.M. Beausejour's Glass Works. Canadian Antiques Collector 2 no 1 (Jan 1967) 7-10. 4 ill, En Manitoba's first glassworks was established in Beausejour just prior to 1906 when the Manitoba Glass Company was organized by Joseph Kielbach on the site. The author provides a brief history of the company from 1906 to 1913 and a list of products authenticated by shards and rejects obtained at the site.
2404 Stevens, Gerald. Canadian Glass, c. 1825-1925. Toronto, Ont: Ryerson Press, 1967. xiv,262 p, many ill (5 col), maps, bibl, En Stevens considers glass factories in Canada by province (Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Alberta, and British Columbia), providing descriptions of each factory's history, owners, personnel, trademarks, specimens, and techniques. He includes biographical sketches, with photographs of 19th-century glassworkers. In the final chapter he examines the trade of the lampworker. 2405 Jamieson, Jack. Bick Cruet Collection. Canadian Antiques Collector 3 no 10 (Oct 1968) 23-25. 2 ill, En The Bick collection of pickle cruets (also called casters) contains cruets from every major glasshouse in Canada, and electroplate frames from every Canadian manufacturer. The Meriden Britannia firm, established in Hamilton (Ont) in 1879, was the chief supplier of frames. 2406 Sheeler, John R. The Burlington Glass Site. Canadian Antiques Collector 3/4 no 4 / 5 / 6 / 7 / 1 1 / 1 / 8 (Apr / May / June / July / Nov / Jan / Aug 1968 / 1969) 7-9 / 11-12 / 18-20 / 14-15 / 10-12 / 12-13 / 8-9.14 ill, En In 1967 the site of the Burlington Glass Company at Hamilton, Ontario, was excavated. Eight different owners operated on the site between 1874 and 1910. In this series of six articles the general background of the history of glassmaking is traced and the specific pressed glass patterns and styles of decoration of the Burlington Glass Factory are examined. 2407 Squires, W.A. Pressed Glass Exhibition at New Brunswick Museum. Canadian Antiques Collector 4 no 8 (Aug 1969) 26-28. 3 ill, En An abbreviated history of pressed glass, its role as a household commodity in the mid-19th century, techniques of manufacture, and the similarity of patterns among Canadian factories. A recent exhibition at the New Brunswick Museum (Saint John, NB) showed pieces made in Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and the United States. 2408 Unitt, Doris; Unitt, Peter. Treasury of Canadian Glass. Peterborough, Ont: Clock House, 1969. 280 p, many ill (17 col), bibl, index, En This wide-ranging pictorial survey of Canadian glass patterns and shapes for students and collectors covers primarily the 19th century but also includes some early 20th century examples. Individual sections are devoted to specific glass factories in several Canadian provinces, and glass forms and patterns. 2409 Vienneau, Azor. The Bottle Collector. Halifax, NS: Petheric Press, 1969. ix,41 p, many ill, bibl, En Vienneau's notes on collecting bottles complement a history and inventory of numerous Nova Scotia bottlers. He discusses bottles made in Trenton, outlining the various sites and major events of the Lament Glass Company, Humphreys Glass Works, the Nova Scotia Glass Company, and the Diamond Glass Company during the 19th and 20th centuries. 2410 Collard, Elizabeth. The St. Lawrence Glass Co.: Glasshouse to Pottery. Canadian Antiques Collector 5 no 8 (Sept 1970) 12-13.1 ill, En
Glass / Verre 279 The St. Lawrence Glass Company of Montreal (Que) existed from 1867 to 1873, when it was converted into the short-lived West End Dresden Pottery firm. In her historical sketch Collard emphasizes the personnel and supporters of the Company.
the good quality domestic and commercial glassware produced in Nova Scotia between 1881 and 1920. The author outlines the development of the industry and supplies details about quality, production techniques, and marketing.
2411 Holmes, Janet. Canadian Pressed Glass Patterns. Canadian Antiques Collector 5 no 5 (May 1970) 14-17. 7 ill, En Holmes indicates the manufacturing company, catalogue number, date, range of forms being produced, sizes, and date of termination of glass patterns advertised in the catalogues of Diamond, Jefferson, and Gowans, Kent & Co. glass companies, 1902 to the 1940s. In the period covered, the number of forms produced in each pattern gradually decreased until none were made, except for hotel wares.
2418 Thompson, John Beswarick. Vaudreuil Glass Industry. Canadian Antiques Collector 7 no 6 (Nov-Dec 1972) 39-42. 4 ill, bibl, En The author brings together fragments of information on the subject of several of Canada's earliest operating glassworks. A continuous and preferably local supply of high-grade silica is the sine qua non of the glass industry, and the abundant presence of this mineral in the soil of the seigneury of Vaudreuil (Que) precipitated the establishment of the Ottawa Glass Works, previously Masson & Cie, from 1847 until the late 1850s, and the operation of Canada Glass Works from 1865 until the mid-1870s. Thompson explores the constantly shifting fortunes, management and ownership, and production of quality glassware.
2412 Webster, Donald Blake. New Form of Pattern Glass for Canadian Collectors. Canadian Antiques Collector 5 no 6 (June 1970) 22,24.1 ill, En The round milk bottle, extinct by 1956 or 1957, joins the ranks of closed-ended products. A new dimension to the word "antique" is given by the present throwaway age, which has made a cult of 20th-century "antiques." 2413 Bird, Douglas; Bird, Marian; Corke, Charles. A Century of Antique Canadian Glass Fruit Jars. London, Ont: 1971.110 p, many ill, bibl, En Research on old Canadian glass manufacturing houses reveals that these firms put their trademarks on their fruit jars more often than on other glassware, making it easier to identify jars from different factories. Information on ground lip jars, closures, and Canada's first glass jars is accompanied by a glossary and a price code. A list of Canadian glass companies and the jars they made is appended. 2414 Bottles! Bottles! Any Old Bottles! Manitoba Pageant 16 no 3 (Spring 1971) 15-18.10 ill, En Glass bottles collected by Mr. and Mrs. Stanley S. Silver of Winnipeg (Man) were made in Canada from the early 19th century onward, and in England. 2415 Kennedy, Don. Manitoba Glass Works. Canadian Antiques Collector 6 no 8 (Nov-Dec 1971) 64-67. 7 ill, En Kennedy deals with the building site, structure, furnace dimensions and capabilities, and manufacturing techniques of the Manitoba Glass Works. He also provides an inventory of company products from 1908 to 1913 and a list of shards recovered from the site. 2416 Stevens, Gerald. Early Ontario Glass. Canadian Antiques Collector 6 no 5 (May 1971) 35-37. 4 ill, bibl, En Stevens describes his documentary and archaeological research and findings concerning early glass manufacturers in Ontario, including digs at Mallorytown, and at the site of the Burlington Glass Works in Hamilton. He discusses manufacturing techniques, materials and patterns in glass fragments, and the work of the Diamond Glass Company. 2417 MacLaren, George. Nova Scotia Glass. Canadian Antiques Collector 7 no 1 (Jan-Feb 1972) 75-77. 8 ill, En The efforts of the Lament brothers, who gained their experience in Upper Canada (now Ontario), and John Humphreys of Trenton (NS), were mainly responsible for
2419 Unitt, Doris; Unitt, Peter. Bottles in Canada. Peterborough, Ont: Clock House, 1972. xvi,240 p, many ill (8 col), diagr, bibl, index, En. Reprint, 1980 An extensive photographic study of Canadian bottles and glass manufacturing, including examples of many types of glass containers as well as descriptions of early bottle-making (both moulded and free-blown). The authors continue with a history of Canadian breweries, and a chronological list of glass factories from every producing province from 1825 to 1931. 2420 Coburn, W.Newlands. The First Quebec Glass Factory / La premiere verrerie du Quebec. Canadian Antiques Collector 9 no 3 (May-June 1974) 93-97. 4 ill, En,Fr The Canada Glass Works (1845-1860) of Saint-Jean (Que) was founded by Frederick Smith of Vermont (USA) to produce window glass, but in 1854 under the Foster Brothers it expanded to include bottles and containers. La Canada Glass Works (1845-1860) a Saint-Jean (Que) est fondee par Frederick Smith, venant du Vermont aux Etats-Unis. Cette compagnie se specialise dans la production de carreaux de verre jusqu'en 1854 ou, sous la direction de la Foster Brothers, elle inclut dans sa production des bouteilles et des recipients. 2421 Holmes, Janet. Glass and the Glass Industry. The Book of Canadian Antiques, p 268-281. Edited by Donald Blake Webster. Toronto, Ont: McGraw-Hill, 1974.19 ill (2 col), bibl, En The author examines the formation, history, and products of numerous glasshouses known to have operated in Canada until 1880 in the Maritimes, Quebec, and Ontario, noting various takeovers that took place in the glass industry throughout the 19th century. Included is a list of the tableware patterns authenticated by excavation at the Nova Scotia Glass Co., as well as a list of pressed-glass patterns compiled using fragments excavated from the site of the Burlington Glass Works in Hamilton (Ont). 2422 Kennedy, D.H. Canadian(?) Glass. Canadian Antiques Collector 9 no 5 (Sept-Oct 1974) 35-37.10 ill, En
280 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs Kennedy points out several basic criteria necessary for properly authenticating Canadian glass. 2423 Bradbeer, Alan; Bradbeer, Dorothy. The Crystal Glass Company. Canadian Collector 11 no 3 (May-June 1976) 104-106. 4 ill, En The Crystal Glass Company was British Columbia's first glass factory, operating for a short time in 1907 and 1908 at Sapperton. 2424 Saskatoon (Sask), Mendel Art Gallery. Antique Canadian Glass from the John McGowan Collection. 31 Mar-2 May 1976. Louise Walters. 16 p, 43 ill, bibl, 156 works shown, En Canadian glass in the collection of John McGowan of Saskatoon (Sask) includes common tableware glass used in Canadian homes from the era of pioneer industry and craftsmanship to the years of large-scale mass production that began around 1913. Selected items are organized alphabetically by pattern under the factory at which they were produced. All examples are from Ontario (Hamilton, Kingsville, Toronto, and Wallaceburg), Quebec (Montreal and Saint-Jean), and Nova Scotia (Trenton). 2425 Urquhart, O. Bottlers and Bottles, Canadian. Toronto, Ont: S. and O. Urquhart, 1976. 243 p, many ill, diagr, bibl, index, En A 52-page directory of Canadian bottlers accompanies an extensive text detailing the history of bottle manufacturing and collecting in Canada. 2426 Barclay, John C. The Canadian Fruit Jar Report: An Illustrated Book of All Known Canadian Fruit Jars and Produce Jars/ Plus a Brief History of the Glass Works in Canada. Kent Bridge, Ont: John C. Barclay, 1977.189 p, many ill, En A book about the various designs of Canadian fruit and produce jars, with remarks on motifs and manufacturers. 2427 Dellandrea, Jon S. Bottles in Canada. Canadian Collector 12 no 5 (Sept-Oct 1977) 26-29.10 ill, bibl, En The author traces the history of bottle-making from 1600 to 1903 and the advent of bottle-making machines, although the real starting point is represented by the "Louisbourg Bottles" of the 1740s. The period 1800-1850 flourished with the production of liquor and wine containers, but few Canadian examples are known. The next 50 years saw the establishment of many Canadian glass companies and the production of bottles for medicines and soda water. Dellandrea concludes with comments on the production of rare figural bottles and a guide to dating bottles. 2428 Harris, W.F. Nova Scotia's Pops and Crocks: The Soda Water Industry, 1836-1947. Halifax, NS: W.F. Harris, 1977. 80 p, many ill, bibl, En Harris outlines the history of syrup, soda water, mineral water, and ginger beer bottles manufactured in Nova Scotia, with emphasis on manufacturers located in the Halifax area. The book includes a comprehensive listing of Nova Scotia ginger beer-type pottery bottles, an incomplete listing of embossed glass pop bottles, and a list of bottlers. 2429 Shepherd, Elizabeth. Canadian Glass Collecting. Canadian Collector 12 no 4 (July-Aug 1977) 45-47. 6 ill, En
Shepherd discusses the recent interest in glass collecting and some of the difficulties inherent in attributing pieces due to the sale of American moulds for pressed glasswares to many Canadian companies and the takeover of many small firms by the Diamond Glass Company. 2430 Unitt, Doris; Unitt, Peter. American and Canadian Goblets. Peterborough, Ont: Clock House, 1977.352 p, many ill, diagr, bibl, index, En. First edition, 1970 The catalogue shows hundreds of pressed and cut glass Canadian and American goblets of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Annotations indicate materials, approximate dates, decorative motifs, and references. The book is supplemented by a section on other tableware, such as pitchers, bowls, and decanters; lists of glass factories in Canada and the United States; a price guide; and a glossary. 2431 Chopping, George Clifford. Bottles of the Canadian Prairies. Spy Hill, Sask: George C. Chopping, 1978. 403 p, many ill, diagr, En. Supplement, Bottles of the Canadian Prairies: Code Reference and Price Guide, 1978-79,1979 A detailed treatment of more than 1300 bottles and other containers used in Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba. The primary emphasis is on containers used by early (1880-1920s) businesses to dispense their products. The text is divided according to the type of container: glass brewery bottles, crockery ginger beer bottles, dairy bottles, crockery jugs and open crocks, wooden or metal kegs, miscellaneous containers, prescription containers (including names of druggists and 571 hand-drawn embossings from prescription bottles), and siphon bottles. Chopping's text outlines the processes of making glass bottles from 1889 to the early 1900s. 2432 Dellandrea, Jon S. Packaging the Panacea—Medicine Bottles in Upper Canada. Canadian Collector 13 no 3 (May-June 1978) 54-57. 8 ill, bibl, En Medicine and spirits were likely the first products ever packaged in glass. The author examines paper-labelled and embossed bottles, black-glass apothecary storage containers, and shaped bottles in which various brands of bitters were sold. Of special interest to Canadian collectors is a class of bottles known as C.W. (Canadian West) Medicines produced in Ontario in the mid-19th century. 2433 Kaellgren, C.Peter. Glass Used in Canada: A Survey from the Early Nineteenth Century to 1940 Using Primarily Ontario Evidence. Material History Bulletin / Bulletin d'histoire de la culture materielle 6 (Fall 1978) 1-30; sommaire fr 1. 9 ill, bibl, En A study of changing styles (especially British and American) in fine, hand-worked glass used in Canada from ca 1800 to 1940. The finest hand-worked specimens established the styles that were eventually copied and produced here in more popular and inexpensive versions. Pressed glass is discussed separately. 2434 Sheeler, John. Factors Affecting Attribution: The Burlington Glass Works. Material History Bulletin f Bulletin d'histoire de la culture materielle 6 (Fall 1978) 31-51; sommaire fr 31.10 ill, bibl, En The belated development of the glass industry in Canada, the influence of foreign glassmakers, and the advent of
Glass / Verre 281 technology impeded the establishment of a purely Canadian tradition. The author uses cullets and sherds of glass, principally from the Burlington Glass Works, Hamilton (Ont), to show at which point Canadian manufacturers came under the influence of American motifs and methods. 2435 Trask, Deborah. The Nova Scotia Glass Company. Material History Bulletin / Bulletin d'histoire de la culture materielle 6 (Fall 1978) 158-167. 3 ill, bibl, En The author brings together published information from the years 1881-1899 documenting the rise and fall of the Nova Scotia Glass Company (Trenton, NS). 2436 Alyluia, Jeanne. Nineteenth-Century Glassware from the Roma Site, Prince Edward Island. Ottawa, Ont: Environment Canada. Parks Canada. National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, 1979. p 1-103 (History and Archaeology 27), 36 ill, diagr, En. French edition: Verrerie du XIXe siecle, site Roma, Ile-du-Prince-Edouard Approximately 100 identifiable glass objects are represented and classified according to their function and use. The majority were excavated from the Angus and MacDonald store on the Roma Site (PEI), although they do not necessarily date from its period of occupation. The collection is typical of the 19th century, and includes a cross section of many of the types of utilitarian glasswares that were available at the time. Although some glassware may have been manufactured in Canada, other examples appear to have been imported from the United States, England, and Scotland. 2437 Alyluia, Jeanne. Verrerie du XIXe siecle, site Roma, Ile-du-Prince-Edouard. Ottawa, Ont: Environnement Canada. Pares Canada. Direction des lieux et des pares historiques nationaux, 1979. p 3-108 (Histoire'et archeologie 27), 36 ill, diagr, Fr. Version anglaise: Nineteenth-Century Glassware from the Roma Site, Prince Edward Island L'auteure presente environ 100 objets identifiables et classes sous 9 categories, selon leur fonction et leur usage. La plupart proviennent des fouilles du magasin Angus et MacDonald, situe sur le site Roma a l'Ile-duPrince-Edouard, mais ne datent pas tous de la periode ou cette batisse fut occupee. La verrerie de la collection presente les caracteristiques de celle que Ton fabriquait au XIXe siecle et comporte un choix de nombreux types d'objets de verre utilitaires, en usage a 1'epoque. Une partie de ces objets a peut-etre ete fabriquee au Canada, mais il semble egalement qu'on en ait importes des Etats-Unis, de 1'Angleterre et meme d'Ecosse. 2438 Burns, Doris W. Canadian Paperweights. Canadian Collector 14 no 6 (Nov-Dec 1979) 39-41. 3 ill, En Burns discusses the production of glass paperweights from 1880 to 1925, comments on the difficulty involved in determining their makers, and notes the different types of weights that were produced. Canadian weights were often cruder in construction, heavier, larger, and were made of a less refined glass than American or European examples. 2439 Asti-Rose, Michael. From a Few Grains of Sand. Alberta's Western Living 6 no 3 (Mar 1981) 36-37,128,130. 3 ill (3 col), En
In 1979, Bob Held began Skookum Art Glass in Calgary, which quickly became the largest such studio in Canada, employing a quarter of the country's glassblowers. 2440 Himel, Susan; Lambert, Elaine. Aliens voir nos vaillants venders / Molding Visions in Molten Glass. En route 9 no 3 (mars 1981) 12-15,52,55-56,59-60,63,67. 7 ill (7 coul), Fr,En Le nouvel interet en Amerique du Nord pour la fabrication artisanale du verre s'est developpe tout d'abord aux Etats-Unis, alors qu'au Canada ses debuts ont ete marques par 1'ouverture, en 1967, du Sheridan College School of Crafts and Design a Mississauga (Ont). Les verriers Robert Held, Karl Schantz et Daniel Crichton ont tous ete associes a cette ecole. Leurs oeuvres sont d'un interet pour les collectionneurs tout comme celles de Martin Demaine d'Halifax (NE), lone Thorkelsson de Roseisle (Man) et Mary Filer de Vancouver (CB). L'interet pour cet art augmentant, de plus en plus de galeries a travers le Canada se specialisent dans 1'exposition et la vente du verre artisanal. The North American revival of interest in handmade glass developed first in the United States, whereas in Canada the beginning can be traced to the Sheridan College School of Crafts and Design in Mississauga (Ont), which opened in 1967. Glassmakers Robert Held, Karl Schantz, and Daniel Crichton have all been associated with the School. Their work is of interest to collectors, as is that of Martin Demaine of Halifax (NS), lone Thorkelsson of Roseisle (Man), and Mary Filer of Vancouver (BC). As interest in glass increases, so does the number of galleries in cities across Canada devoted to displaying and selling it. 2441 Smith, E.Ann. Glassware from a Reputed 1745 Siege Debris Context at the Fortress of Louisbourg. Ottawa, Ont: Environment Canada. Parks Canada. National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, 1981. p 77-255 (History and Archaeology 55), 61 ill, diagr, En. French edition: Verre datant pr^sumement du premier siege de Louisbourg The glass collected from the 1975 excavations at Dugas House at Louisbourg (NS) has been analysed in an attempt to interpret the material and also to provide an illustrated descriptive catalogue that could be used to make intraand intersite comparisons. The analysis deals with crossmends, the minimum vessel count, the distribution of vessels within the house, the condition of the artifacts, and information on the date and country of origin of the artifacts. 2442 Smith, E.Ann. Verre datant presumement du premier siege de Louisbourg. Ottawa, Ont: Environnement Canada. Pares Canada. Direction des lieux et des pares historiques nationaux, 1981. p 79-272 (Histoire et archeologie 55), 61 ill, diagr, Fr. Version anglaise: Glassware from a Reputed 1745 Siege Debris Context at the Fortress of Louisbourg Le verre de la maison Dugas a Louisbourg (N-E) a ete analyse pour tenter d'evaluer 1'interpretation faite par les archeologues apres les fouilles de 1975 et aussi pour etablir un catalogue descriptif illustre qui permettrait de faire des comparaisons entre differents sites. L'auteure aborde les recoupements des tessons d'objets, le nombre minimal, la distribution, 1'etat et la date ainsi que le pays de fabrication des objets.
282 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs
Stained Glass / Vitrail 2443 Jones, S. Stained Glass and Canadian Art. Canadian Architect & Builder 1 no 2 (Feb 1888) 7-8. En The author deplores the current state of stained glass art in the United States, but suggests that Canadian work is of a respectable level of quality. This short evaluation is followed by concluding remarks on the need for a Canadian style. 2444 Maurault, Olivier. Les vitraux dliistoire de Notre-Dame de Montreal. Montreal, Que: 1933. 45 p, 13 ill, Fr. Reimpression, sans illustrations, Revue de I'Universite d'Ottawa 3 no 4 (oct-dec 1933) 461-491 Apres avoir defini la technique du vitrail, Maurault passe en revue 11 verrieres de Notre-Dame de Montreal (Que). Esquisse par J.B. Lagace et confie a Francis Chigot de la maison Chigot de Limoges (France), en 1932, chaque vitrail represente une scene historique religieuse de la Nouvelle-France. Le sujet en est relate et on donne une description de la composition de la verriere. Dans un supplement, on aborde les autres vitraux de 1'eglise. 2445 Canadian Women in Stained Glass. Stained Glass 36 no 2 (Summer 1941) 50-52. 2 ill, En Three talented women carry on the stained glass tradition in Canada: Yvonne Williams and Esther Johnson (who have been working in Toronto since the mid-l920s), and Gladys W. Allen, who, with F.S.J. Hollister, made the Soldiers' Memorial Windows in the Memorial Tower of the Parliament Buildings in Ottawa. 2446 Williams, Yvonne. Some Speculations on the Future of Stained Glass: A Canadian View. Stained Glass 39 no 1 (Spring 1944) 21-24. En Stained glass should play an important part in the effective expression through architecture of the spirit of an age. Williams argues that this role is not currently being met by stained glass artists. The rich medieval palette in stained glass is inevitably "traditional," whereas glass that will go into future civic, commercial, and domestic buildings must be free of nostalgia. 2447 Stained Glass in Quebec. Stained Glass 43 no 2 (Summer 1948) 47-49.1 ill, En Marius Plamondon of the Ecole des beaux-arts in Quebec City (Que) explains his designs for a series of stained glass windows in the Novitiate of the Clerics of Saint-Viateur, Joliette. He insists that stained glass artists must evolve new forms of expression if the craft is to grow with the simplified architecture of the times. 2448 Martirano, Matthew. Stained Glass Tours: Montreal. Stained Glass 62 no 1 (Spring 1967) 8-16. 4 ill, En There is little stained glass in Montreal more than 80 years of age. This stained glass tour takes in many churches, but seven can be singled out as having unusual windows: St. Leon's (Guido Nincheri Studios, Montreal), Westmount Park United (C.W. Kelsey, Montreal), Saint Antonin (Gabriel Loire, France), St. Alphonse (Vincent Poggi, Montreal), St. Arsene (Maurice Max-Ingrand, France), St. Joseph's Oratory (Marius Plamondon, Quebec City), and St. Andrew and St. Paul (Lawrence Lee, England). Other
Canadian stained glass artists encountered include Yvonne Williams, Peter Haworth, McCausland, and the Meikle Studio, all of Toronto. A list of stained glass installations in Montreal and elsewhere in Quebec concludes the article. 2449 Jamieson, Jack. The Stained Glass Window of the Old Toronto City Hall. Canadian Antiques Collector 4 no 3 (Mar 1969) 14-16.1 ill, En The author focusses on the Canada Stained Glass Works, which was founded by Joseph McCausland in the 1850s, providing a detailed description of the design, content, and installation (1899) of a window by Robert McCausland, son of the founder, in the Toronto (Ont) City Hall. References to other commissions derive from the original notebooks and drawings of the McCausland family firm, which still exists. 2450 Hamilton, Alice. Manitoban Stained Glass. Winnipeg, Man: University of Winnipeg, 1970. 279 p, many ill (3 col), index, En Hamilton outlines the history of stained glass in religious institutions in Manitoba, discusses the influences of environment and religion on the use of stained glass, and includes a technical description of the production of stained glass. Among the many firms and artists who were active in the province were Robert McCausland (from the 1870s); N.T. Lyon (from 1910); Luxfer Prism Co. (from 1907); Alexander McCormick, the first "art glass" designer in Winnipeg in 1899; John Allward (from 1904), the latter two in partnership as Allward and McCormick (1904-1913); Meikle of Toronto in the 1940s; Winnipeg Paint and Glass Company; Andrew Cordner, who came from Belfast, Ireland, in 1958; Leo Mol and Roman Kowal, both Ukrainian born; Etienne Gaboury; and Western Art Glass, a firm in business at the time of writing. The second section, entitled "A Guide to Manitoban Glass," is a catalogue to over 100 cathedrals, churches, chapels, and synagogues. 2451 Austin, Alvyn J. Toronto Stained Glass Windows. Canadian Antiques Collector 10 no 4 (July-Aug 1975) 18-22.10 ill, En Austin discusses the development and decline of stained glass windows, examining specific motifs and styles from the 1880s and 1890s. Toronto possesses a unique stained glass style and specific examples are cited. 2452 Fox, Mary. Stained Glass a Craft Tradition in B.C. Western Living 5 no 10 (Dec 1975) 38-39,41-43. 6 ill (6 col), En A brief survey of the history of stained glass in British Columbia plus biographical notes on Lee Baldwin, Moyra Theresa Burnett, Diane MacPherson, and Giselle Uritani, all working in this medium. 2453 Sewter, A.Charles. The Stained Glass of William Morris and His Circle: A Catalogue. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press, 1975. 335 p, index, En The volume represents a complete catalogue of the stained glass windows made by the London, England, firm of Morris, Marshall, Faulkner & Co., 1861-1874, and Morris & Co., 1874-1940. Windows made by the firm for nine cities and towns in Canada are fully described on pp 214-217. A companion volume of plates includes no Canadian examples.
Furniture / Mobilier 283 2454 Watt, Robert D. Heraldic Stained Class in Vancouver. Canadian Collector 11 no 3 (May-June 1976) 91-95.10 ill (1 col), bibl, En Watt examines heraldic stained glass windows in Vancouver (BC) made between 1890 and 1940, concentrating on those that employ coats of arms and those that use heraldic forms, such as shields. The former tend to be of a higher quality of design, colour, and workmanship and are usually found in churches, government buildings, and schools, whereas the heraldic motif windows are generally found in homes. 2455 Jekyll, Robert; Hall, Cheryl; Dempsey, Gwen P.; Held, Robert; Bruce, David; Kuprowsky, Helena; Stein, Sam; Lewenstein, Eileen; Kehlmann, Robert. [Stained Class]. Canada Crafts 4 no 1 (Oct-Nov 1978) 6-29. 49 ill (12 col), bibl, En The current interest in stained glass and the artists and firms working in stained glass are the subject of a special issue of Canada Crafts. In "Art or Anti-Art?" Hall surveys the development of the stained glass studio in 19th century and early 20th century Europe and Canada. In "What is Stained Glass?" Jekyll looks at both older and up-to-date methods of staining glass. In subsequent articles the authors look at work being done at the Master Stained Glass Workshop at Harbourfront in Toronto by English craftsman Lawrence Lee; review an exhibition entitled The Magic of Glass, also being held at Harbourfront; pay a visit to Canada's only stained glass factory, Canadian Art Glass Limited in Calgary; and profile artists Kerry Joe Kelly, Yvonne Williams, and Astri Reusch. 2456 Vancouver (BC), Vancouver Centennial Museum. Rainbows in Our Walls: Art and Stained Glass in Vancouver, 1890-1940. 9 Dec 1978-18 Mar 1979. Robert D. Watt. Travelling exhibition. 20 p, 32 ill (19 col), 71 works shown, En The catalogue was prepared to accompany the touring version of the Rainbows in Our Walls exhibition organized by the Vancouver Centennial Museum. The origins and the technique of making stained glass and the history of stained glass work in Vancouver from the 1890s to the present are outlined in short texts. Reference is made to various craftsmen and companies active in this field, with special attention being given to the work of James Blomfield (1872-1951) and his brother, Charles Ernest Bloomfield (1877-1954). 2457 Watt, Robert D. Art Glass Window Design in Vancouver: The Role of the Pattern Book. Material History Bulletin / Bulletin d'histoire de la culture materielle 6 (Fall 1978) 74-114; sommaire fr 74. 29 ill, bibl, En A preliminary assessment of the significance of American, British, and Canadian pattern books in providing prototypes for art glass window designs in Vancouver (BC) homes and apartments from 1890 to 1940. The pattern books are studied in terms of their production, merchandizing, and artistic influences. 2458 Hamilton, Alice B.; Keeble, K.Corey. Vancouver Stained Glass Windows by John Henry Dearie and Duncan W. Dearie. Canadian Collector 14 no 3 (May-June 1979) 46-50. 8 ill, bibl, En J.H. Dearie and his son Duncan were important stained glass window designers with Morris & Company (Art-Workers Ltd.) of London, England. Their work is
studied here with specific reference to their many windows in Vancouver (BC). 2459 Plear, Scott. Skylights of Coquitlam Center. Stained Glass 75 no 1 (Spring 1980) 21-24. 4 ill, En The architects of the Coquitlam Centre in Vancouver (BC) had almost given up on finding a stained glass artist with the necessary experience to design and make skylights for their shopping centre. Then they discovered Lutz Haufschild who had been educated in Germany in the Bauhaus tradition. Local artists Anna Gustafson and Ray Friend assisted in the project. 2460 Davis, Wendy. Stained Glass, Combining Art and Architecture. Western Living 11 no 4 (Apr 1981) 84-86,88.9 ill (9 col), En Brian Baxter, Lutz Haufschild, and K.W. Lengauer are stained glass artists working in both British Columbia and Alberta, with major installations in Westminster Abbey in Mission (BC) and Coquitlam Centre in Coquitlam (BC). 2461 Hamilton, Alice; Keeble, Corey. Saints and Angels, Kings and Prophets. Canadian Collector 16 no 6 (Nov-Dec 1981) 47-52. 7 ill, bibl, En Describes and discusses the stained glass windows of Trinity College Chapel, University of Toronto, and in particular the surviving sections from the original (1884-1956) Chapel in the old College on King Street. The authors cite specific windows designed and produced by J. McCausland & Co., 1887-1888. 2462 Pepall, Rosalind. Stained Class Windows in Montreal at the Turn of the Century. Association for Preservation Technology. Bulletin 13 no 3 (1981) 48-55. 9 ill, bibl, En Examples of English, American, and Canadian stained glass in Montreal (Que) are cited with a look at the characteristics and extant examples of church windows by specific designers and firms. Among these are John C. Spence and Sons and Castle and Sons, both of Montreal; Morris and Co., England; and Louis C. Tiffany Co., New York. Patterns for domestic stained glass windows are also described and illustrated.
Furniture / Mobilier Canada 2463 Acton, James, ed. Canadian Book of Furniture: A Short Outline of the History and Development of Furniture, with Particular Reference to the Industry in Canada. Toronto, Ont: Acton Publishing, 1923. xii,116 p, many ill, En The bulk of this volume concerns European furniture styles of the past, but the concluding chapters deal with the furniture industry in Canada. "Pioneers of the Furniture Trade" (pp 64-69) focusses on the furniture manufacturing firms of Thomas Bell (Southampton, Ont), Daniel Knechtel (Hanover, Ont), W.T. Gibbard and J.W. Kilgour (Beauharnois, Que), and Andrew Malcolm (Kincardine and Listowel, Ont). In "Some Early Canadian Furniture Enterprises" (pp 70-73) it is observed that almost all of the prominent furniture establishments in Canada were founded between 1860 and 1865, but one of the earliest and largest was Jacques and Hay of Toronto (Ont), which
284 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs began in 1834 as a partnership between John Jacques and Robert Hay. "Some Canadian Furniture Centres" (pp 97-111) reviews Ontario towns where furniture is made, concluding with a Manufacturers' Index to furniture-makers in Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, British Columbia, and Manitoba. The illustrations are of pieces currently being made, most in derivative styles. 2464 Wilson, Anne Elizabeth. A History of Canadian Furniture. Canadian Homes and Gardens (Feb / May 1928) 25-27,51 / 40,52.13 ill, En Colonial furniture was either handmade by the early pioneers, imported from Europe, or brought north by Loyalists. The author focusses on Canadian domestic furniture, noting influences from Europe, from native peoples, and from frontier life, such as the borrowing of the snowshoe pattern for the thong-bottom chair. The history of furniture-making in Quebec started with 17th-century craftsmen brought from France to build churches, and with the founding of the Cap Tourmente School. Important craftsmen, ca 1800, included Phillipe Valliere, a maker of ornately carved furniture, and "Prof" Roy, perhaps the best furniture-maker of this time. 2465 Macpherson, Mary-Etta. The New Trends in Canadian Furniture. Canadian Homes and Gardens 6 (Feb 1929) 17-19,62,64,66,69. 9 ill, En The author hails the arrival of modern furniture after the harsh colours and meaningless designs of European work during the post-World War I era. Pieces seen at several Canadian furniture exhibitions herald a softening balance in colour, line, and materials, with the emphasis on simplicity. 2466 Kettle, H.G. Design in Canadian Furniture. Queen's Quarterly 44 no 3 (Autumn 1937) 386-390. 6 ill, En Kettle summarizes the problems facing Canadian furniture manufacturers who suffered badly during the Depression and now face stiff competition from American manufacturers. The Canadian manufacturer, concerned with profits, emphasizes style rather than good design, and the current promotion of "Moderne" is an example of reliance on fashion and novelty. 2467 Buchanan, Donald W. Are You Satisfied With the Furniture You Buy? Canadian Art 8 no 1 (Autumn 1950) 19-23. 6 ill, En A summary of the report of the National Industrial Design Council regarding the history of furniture-making in Ontario and Quebec, and the taste preferences in furniture of citizens in different parts of Canada. The report makes recommendations for simplifying designs and for training designers to be absorbed into the furniture industry. 2468 Buchanan, Donald W. Do Canadians Want Modern Furniture? Canadian Art 12 no 3 (Spring 1955) 125-129. 7 ill, En A furniture conference held in 1954 by the National Industrial Design Council attracted manufacturers, retailers, and designers. The article summarizes five of the speeches presented. George Soulis, a designer, doesn't think that Scandinavian design ^suits the Canadian temperament; merchandise manager W.A.D. Murray reports that customers want traditional design; and designer Robin
Bush thinks the market for good design is there but manufacturing costs are too high. 2469 Montreal (Que), Wiser's Museum. The Wiser's Canadiana Collection: Interim Report / La collection Canadiana de Wiser. Gerald F. Stevens. Montreal, Que: Wiser's Museum, 1967. 28 p, 61 ill, En,Fr This report on the Wiser's Collection of Canadiana (Montreal, Que) consists of physical and historical descriptions of items in the collection, which began in 1965. The report is divided into sections according to the type of item: chairs, benches, and settle-beds; boxes, chests, and armoires; cupboards, buffets, and chests; tables; and miscellaneous (including metal and wooden household items, toys, carriages, and glassware). Dans ce rapport, on presente la collection Canadiana de Wiser (Montreal, Que) qui a debute en 1965. L'illustration de chacune des pieces de la collection est accompagnee d'une description physique et historique. Le catalogue est divise en sections selon les types de meuble: chaises, banes, banc-lits; coffrets, coffres, armoires; encoignures, buffets, commodes; tables; et diverses pieces domestiques en bois et en metal, ainsi que jouets, voitures et verrerie. 2470 Stewart, Don R. A Guide to Pre-Confederation Furniture of English Canada. Toronto, Ont: Longman Canada, 1967.150 p, 195 ill (7 col), index, En Nearly 200 pieces of antique furniture are grouped according to the rooms in which the pieces would be used: kitchen, summer kitchen, hallway, sitting room, dining room, bedroom, or parlour. An additional chapter on treen and toleware, that is, articles of wood and metal, deals with a broad range of domestic utensils and household articles. 2471 Hymas, Alison. Classic and Commercial. Canadian Architect 14 no 1 (Jan 1969) 19-50,52,54-55. 99 ill, En This issue of the Canadian Architect is devoted to a history and an analysis of contemporary chair design. A brief history of international changes in the form and material of designer chairs is followed by a separate section on Canadian chair design in which a few designers are singled out: Robin Bush, Jan Kuypers, Gerald Adamson, John Gallop, Jacques S. Guillon, Chris Sorensen, and Stefan Siwinski. A directory of the 37 Canadian designers whose work is illustrated in the accompanying pictorial review is appended. 2472 Webster, Donald Blake. Victorian Furniture in Canada. Canadian Antiques Collector 5 no 10 (Nov 1970) 9-12. 4 ill, En Webster differentiates between the styles and furniture types usually grouped together as "Victorian," including Gothic revival, Rococo, cottage furniture, the Renaissance style, and Eastlake furniture. He notes that Victorian furniture was very much subject to fashion and to design and structural demands of factory production, and that no distinctively Canadian version of general North American trends exists. 2473 Ingolfsrud, Elizabeth. Antique Beds. Canadian Antiques Collector 6 no 7 (Sept-Oct 1971) 15-17. 6 ill, En Bench beds, low poster rope bedsteads, high poster rope beds, field or tent beds, sleigh beds, Victorian Renaissance
Furniture / Mobilier 285 bedsteads, cast iron folding beds, and spool beds are outlined together with suggestions for collecting and adjusting beds for present-day usage. 2474 Symons, Scott. Heritage: A Romantic Look at Early Canadian Furniture. Toronto, Ont: McClelland and Stewart, 1971. 220 p, 94 ill (47 col), bibl, En Symons applies an imaginative sensibility to descriptions of items of furniture from the Maritimes, Quebec, and Ontario, each of which is photographed to bring out colours and textures. Each piece evokes literary reflections on the culture that produced it and on its function, rather than critical examination. 2475 Dobson, Henry; Dobson, Barbara. The Early Furniture of Ontario and the Atlantic Provinces: A Record of the Pieces Assembled for the Country Heritage Loan Exhibition from Private Collections Across Canada. Foreword by Dorothy Duncan. Toronto, Ont: M.F. Feheley, 1974. 185 p, many ill, En In a two-page foreword, Duncan outlines stylistic origins of furniture in Ontario and the Maritimes in the 18th and 19th centuries. The remainder of the book is two series of illustrations with captions, divided by furniture type: worktables, candlestands, dining tables, cupboards, seating, desks, mirrors, storage boxes, dressers, beds, and miscellaneous items. 2476 Dunning, Phil. The Evolution of the Windsor. Canadian Antiques Collector 9 no 2 (Mar-Apr 1974) 12-16. 6 ill, En A history of the Windsor chair from the early 18th century in England to its appearance in North America (ca 1725), with notes on the chair's subsequent evolution. Early Windsors made in Canada can hardly be distinguished from their American counterparts. 2477 Minhinnick, Jeanne; Shackleton, Philip. Early Furniture of Canada: The English and American Influence, 1760-1840. Canadian Antiques Collector 9 no 1 Qan-Feb 1974) 25-29. 9 ill, En The evolution of English-Canadian Georgian furniture between 1760 and 1840 is traced, especially the influence of British and American design, noting the time lag in the importation of styles, how different styles were "countrified," and which pieces of furniture were typical of homes in Upper and Lower Canada (now Ontario and Quebec). 2478 Webster, Donald Blake. Furniture Sleuthing. Canadian Collector 11 no 2 (Mar-Apr 1976) 16-18. 4 ill, En Webster describes the techniques employed by museum experts to identify pieces of Canadian furniture: microscopic wood cell examination and infrared and ultraviolet photography. He advocates starting typological files of information on specific furniture characteristics and, when possible, relating them to particular cabinetmakers. 2479 Webster, Donald Blake. Colonial Elegance: Canadian Furniture of the Georgian Period: Problems of Identification. Rotunda 10 no 4 (Winter 1977-1978) 12-21.14 ill, En To accurately identify Canadian Georgian furniture (late 18th century to early 19th century), it is necessary to determine woods, stylistic features, and construction techniques. Traditionally, fine quality pieces have been
given British provenance, despite the abilities of Canadian craftsmen of the period. In the case of Canadian and American pieces, identification beyond broad categories of national origin is difficult. 2480 Webster, Donald Blake. Canadian Georgian Furniture. Canadian Collector 14 no 6 (Nov-Dec 1979) 24-29.10 ill, En Georgian styles in furniture prevailed in Canada until 1830. Webster examines factors in identifying early Canadian furniture such as wood types and cabinetmakers' markings. 2481 Webster, Donald Blake. English-Canadian Furniture of the Georgian Period. Foreword by Charles F. Hummel. Toronto, Ont: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 1979.232 p, many ill (10 col), diagr, bibl, index, En English-Canadian Georgian furniture of the late 18th century and early 19th century is described as being of a generally high quality and style, but simpler than its British and American counterparts. Introductory chapters on stylistic background, identification, and attribution are followed by an extensive series of illustrations with commentary in which the author seeks to establish the characteristics of the style. 2482 Webster, Donald Blake. The Identification of English-Canadian Furniture, 1780-1840. Antiques 115 no 1 (Jan 1979) 164-179. 38 ill (15 col), En Formal English-Canadian furniture of the Georgian period was "unquestionably the finest furniture ever made in Canada," but it is difficult to distinguish from pieces made in northeastern United States. Webster sets standards for identifying these pieces by analysing the styles and woods used for tables, chairs, chests of drawers, clocks, desks, sofas, and cupboards. 2483 Buxton-Keenlyside, Judith. Selected Canadian Spinning Wheels in Perspective: An Analytical Approach. Ottawa, Ont: National Museums of Canada, 1980. 336 p (National Museum of Man. Mercury Series. History Division. Paper no 30), 164 ill, En A study of spinning wheels and spinning accessories, and of the spinning processes used in all regions of Canada and by all segments of the population. The spinning wheels discussed and illustrated are all in the collections of the National Museum of Man in Ottawa. 2484 Elwood, Marie; Stevenson, Sheila; Little, Robert; Snyder, Barbara; Butler, Darrel; Hennessey, Catherine G.; Pocius, Gerald L.; Peddle, Walter; Carufel, Helene de; Kaellgren, C.Peter; Holmes, Janet; Hutchison, Rosemary; Grant, Christine; Delroy, Stephen Henry; Foss, Charles H. Furniture in Public Collections in Canada / La collection nationale de mobilier. Material History Bulletin / Bulletin d'histoire de la culture materielle 11 (Fall 1980) 57-113. 44 ill, diagr, En,Fr A collection of reports supplied by staff at 11 Canadian museums and sites regarding the furniture collections (Canadian and / or foreign) of these institutions. Reports were received from the Nova Scotia Museum (Halifax, NS), the Musee des beaux-arts de Montreal, Upper Canada Village (Ont), King's Landing Historical Settlement (Fredericton, NB), the Prince Edward Island Heritage Foundation (Charlottetown, PEI), the Newfoundland Museum (St. John's, Nfld), the Musee du Quebec (Quebec,
286 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs Que), the Royal Ontario Museum's European Department and Canadiana Department (Toronto, Ont), the Fortress of Louisbourg National Historic Park (NS), the National Museum of Man's History Division and its Canadian Centre for Folk Culture Studies (Ottawa, Ont), and the New Brunswick Museum (Saint John). All reports are in English only with the exception of the report from the Musee du Quebec, which is in French only. Recueil de rapports elabores par le personnel de 11 musees canadiens a propos de la collection de mobilier (canadien et etranger) conservee dans leur institution. Les musees participants sont: le Nova Scotia Museum (Halifax, NE), le Musee des beaux-arts de Montreal (Que), Upper Canada Village (Ont), le Kings Landing Historical Settlement (Fredericton, NB), le Prince Edward Island Heritage Foundation (Charlottetown, IPE), le Newfoundland Museum (Saint-Jean, TN), le Musee du Quebec (Quebec, Que), les collections d'art europeen et d'art canadien du Royal Ontario Museum (Toronto, Ont), la forteresse de Louisbourg et son pare national (NE), la division de 1'histoire et le Centre canadien d'etudes sur la culture traditionnelle du Musee national de 1'Homme (Ottawa, Ont), et le New Brunswick Museum (Saint-Jean, NB). Tous les rapports sont en anglais sauf celui du Musee du Quebec qui est en franqais. 2485 Johannesen, Stanley. Furniture in the Wolfgang Schlombs Collection. Canadian Antiques and Art Review 2 no 15 (Feb 1981) 27-31,48.14 ill (3 col), En Wolfgang Schlombs has carefully restored a house built in 1850 by Henry Honsberger near St. Catharines (Ont), and has furnished it with a unique collection of fine antique furniture, taking the best and most carefully preserved pieces from different regions of Canada. The author discusses the restoration work and some of the major pieces of furniture included in the collection. 2486 Mclntyre, John. Signposts for Collectors, Part IV: Collecting Canadian Furniture. Canadian Collector 16 no 4 (July-Aug 1981) 28-31. 8 ill, En For the collector of Canadian furniture, the author indicates published and manuscript information sources, cautions readers about forgeries, and suggests various ways of beginning a furniture collection. 2487 Peck, John. Furniture Design. Canadian Interiors 18 no 7 (Sept 1981) 28-31. 8 ill, En Eight Canadian furniture designers discuss the state of furniture design in Canada, and the specific problems facing the design, production, and marketing of furniture in this country, such as the lengthy development period required and high advertising costs. The designers are Thomas Lamb, Keith Muller, Jeffery Fear, Silvio Russo, Gerald Adamson, Michael Stewart, Roger Edwards, and Robert Whalen. The portfolio of furniture specimens that follows the discussion on pp 32-42 includes a few examples by these and other Canadian designers. 2488 Webster, Donald Blake. Canadian Georgian Furniture. Toronto, Ont: Royal Ontario Museum, 1981. 32 p (ROM Insight Series), 23 ill, bibl, En Citing Edward Draper of Halifax (NS) as the earliest known English cabinetmaker in Canada, the author outlines furniture-making in Quebec and Ontario during
the 18th century. Styles and fashions, woods used, details of craftsmanship, and problems of identification are discussed.
Atlantic Provinces / Provinces de 1'Atlantique 2489 MacLaren, George. Antique Furniture by Nova Scotia Craftsmen. Advisory editor: Phyllis R. Blakeley. Foreword by Lome Pierce. Toronto, Ont: McGraw-Hill, 1961. xvii,146 p, 49 ill, bibl, En An historical survey of Nova Scotia craftsmanship, for the beginning collector, with reference to the influences, materials, and styles of furniture since the early 17th century. The author focusses on woods used, cabinetmaking, chairs, clocks, furniture factories, and pianoforte companies. Appendices list Nova Scotia craftsmen. 2490 Palmer, Alcy M. The Furnishings of the Loyalist House. Colkctions of the New Brunswick Historical Society 17 (1961) 8-17. 6 ill, En One of the last fine examples of Georgian-style houses was acquired by the New Brunswick Historical Society of Saint John in 1960. It was restored and furnished to reflect the period of the 1830s. Most of the pieces of furniture described here were found stored in the house. 2491 Ryder, Huia G. Antique Furniture by New Brunswick Craftsmen. Toronto, Ont: Ryerson Press, 1965. xii,180 p, many ill, maps, bibl, index, En The first comprehensive record of the history of furniture-making in New Brunswick. Approach is primarily by county, although separate chapters are devoted to Acadian furniture, furniture made in Saint John, and campaign and other portable furniture. Appendix presents alphabetical lists of cabinetmakers with their dates of activity in the various counties and in Saint John, although only those who began work prior to 1900 are included. Also appended is a list of woodcarvers active in New Brunswick before 1900. 2492 Crowell, Ivan H. The Maritime Acadian Style of Furniture. Societe historique acadienne. Cahiers 11 (mars 1966) 23-27. 2 ill, En Crowell outlines the distinctive characteristics of the Maritime Acadian style of chair and classifies variations of the basic format according to these features. He includes notes on the craftsmanship, geographical distribution, colour, and simplicity of design of these chairs. 2493 MacLaren, George. The Chair-makers of Nova Scotia. Halifax, NS: Nova Scotia Museum, 1966. 8 p, 6 ill, En MacLaren describes the most popular styles of simple wooden chairs and notes the work of Jay Humeston, George Gammon, the firm of Cutter and Power, the Sibley Brothers, James Cole, and Ernest H. Hart. He includes a list of chairmakers active in Nova Scotia from 1760 to 1900. 2494 MacLaren, George. Nova Scotia Furniture. Canadian Antiques Collector 2 no 10 (Oct 1967) 7-9. 4 ill, En MacLaren traces the history of Nova Scotia furniture-making from the early 17th century to the 1840s, with observations on the woods used, styles, and manufacturing techniques.
Furniture / Mobilier 287 2495 Ryder, Huia G. Elegance of New Brunswick Furniture. Canadian Antiques Collector 2 no 9 (Sept 1967) 19-20.3 ill, En To remind readers that not all early Canadian furniture was made of pine, birch, or maple, the author points out that with the arrival of American Loyalists in 1783 and British immigrants after the War of 1812, a great deal of fine furniture was made from mahogany, walnut, and cherry. The work of a handful of furniture-makers is so well-crafted that it is often indistinguishable from contemporary British and American pieces. 2496 MacLaren, George. Nova Scotia Furniture. Halifax, NS: Petheric Press, 1969. 44 p, 46 ill, En MacLaren explores early furniture-making and clockmaking in Nova Scotia, discussing styles, woods, and makers' marks in an attempt to identify some of the craftsmen and their works. He includes short lists of chairmakers and cabinetmakers of the 18th and 19th centuries. 2497 MacLaren, George. Nova Scotia Furniture. Canadian Antiques Collector 7 no 1 (Jan-Feb 1972) 33-36.12 ill, bibl, En A general introduction to the kinds of tables, chairs, clocks, and chests of drawers crafted in Nova Scotia following the arrival of the first recorded cabinetmaker in 1749 to the mid-l9th century. 2498 Rogers, Irene; MacKenzie, Ruth. Furniture Making on Prince Edward Island. Canadian Antiques Collector 8 no 2 (Mar-Apr 1973) 46-49.10 ill, bibl, En A brief history of furniture-making in 18th and 19th century Prince Edward Island. The authors identify numerous local furniture craftsmen and describe the uses of Prince Edward Island's indigenous woods. 2499 MacLaren, George. Nova Scotia Furniture. The Book of Canadian Antiques, p 71-90. Edited by Donald Blake Webster. Toronto, Ont: McGraw-Hill, 1974. 27 ill (5 col), bibl, En A survey of the work of cabinetmakers in the French, pre-Loyalist, Loyalist, Lunenburg, and Scottish settlements of Nova Scotia, with emphasis on the considerable numbers of chairs made in the province. The author lists and comments on clockmakers and early cabinetmakers, and provides short histories of furniture-manufacturing concerns. A list of 19th-century Nova Scotia chairmakers concludes the chapter. 2500 Ryder, Huia G. New Brunswick Furniture. The Book of Canadian Antiques, p 91-109. Edited by Donald Blake Webster. Toronto, Ont: McGraw-Hill, 1974. 26 ill (5 col), En In New Brunswick fine furniture was made by Acadians who settled north of the Bay of Fundy after 1755, by early New England settlers, by the Loyalists, and by some 19th century craftsmen. Particular attention is paid to the work of Thomas Nisbet and Alexander Lawrence of Saint John, and to John Warren Moore of St. Stephen. Numerous chairmakers are also mentioned. 2501 Foss, Charles. Two New Brunswick Furniture Craftsmen: Thomas Nisbet, Alexander Lawrence. Canadian Antiques Collector 10 no 3 (May-June 1975) 29-33. 6 ill (1 col), En
Foss sketches the history of the furniture businesses established during the first half of the 19th century by Thomas Nisbet and Alexander Lawrence. He describes examples of their furniture, especially that in the Regency style. 2502 O'Dea, Shane. Furniture: Import and Country Styles to 1850. Canadian Antiques Collector 10 no 2 (Mar-Apr 1975) 38-41. 6 ill, En O'Dea discusses the acquisition and production of various furniture styles in Newfoundland, both imported and native, to 1850. Among the imported styles discussed are Chippendale, Hepplewhite, Sheraton, Regency, and early Victorian. 2503 Ryder, Huia G. The Best of Pine and Maple. Canadian Antiques Collector 10 no 3 (May-June 1975) 70-72. 9 ill, En A brief article on furniture produced in New Brunswick after 1783. The sturdy and simple furniture made from pine and maple still survives and is used in modern homes and apartments. 2504 Saint John (NB), New Brunswick Museum. Heritage Furniture: A Catalogue Featuring Selected Heritage Furniture from the Collection of the New Brunswick Museum / Le mobilier traditionnel: catalogue de meubles anciens choisis parmi les collections du Musee du Nouveau-Brunswick. Edited with an introduction by A.Gregg Finley. Saint John, NB: New Brunswick Museum, 1976. 63 p (NBM Collection Catalogue 2), 81 ill (16 col), bibl, En,Fr A guide to the heritage furniture collection of the New Brunswick Museum (Saint John), which includes some items used in New Brunswick but originating outside of the province. In his introduction, Finley gives an overview of furniture in New Brunswick from the late 18th century and comments on the Museum's acquisition policy. Catalogue consists of illustrations and brief descriptive notes for more than 50 examples of 18th and 19th century chairs, clocks, cupboards, desks, chests of drawers, tables, cabinets, and other types of furniture. Catalogue de la collection de meubles anciens du Musee du Nouveau-Brunswick (Saint-Jean). Dans le texte d'introduction, on presente un survol historique du mobilier de cette province depuis la fin du XVIHe siecle et on indique la politique du musee en matiere d'acquisition de meubles. Le document est constitue d'illustrations avec de breves annotations de plus de 50 exemples de chaises, horloges, armoires, bureaux, commodes, tables, cabinets et de d'autres types de mobilier datant des XVIIIe et XIXe siecles. Le catalogue comprend egalement quelques meubles utilises au Nouveau-Brunswick mais originaires d'ailleurs. 2505 El wood, Marie. Father and Son, Two Halifax Cabinetmakers. Material History Bulletin / Bulletin d'histoire de la culture materielle I (1976) 7-13. 2 ill, bibl, En Short biographies of cabinetmakers Thomas C. Holder (1821-1894) and his son Henry A. Holder (1853-1935) are followed by descriptions of the furniture they made and the tools they used. The text is based on an exhibition entitled Father and Son, held at the Nova Scotia Museum (Halifax, NS) in 1975.
288 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs 2506 Elwood, Marie. Two Halifax Cabinetmakers. Canadian Collector 11 no 5 (Sept-Oct 1976) 16-19.11 ill, En A chronological survey of the furniture made by Thomas Cook Holder and his son Henry Arthur Holder. Pieces described range from a miniature mahogany pedestal table made by Thomas in 1837 to a triangular telephone table and three-legged chair made by Henry in 1927. 2507 Field, Richard H. Blanket Chests from Prince Edward Island. Canadian Collector 11 no 6 (Nov-Dec 1976) 46-47.5 ill, En Field outlines the characteristics of Prince Edward Island chests, including the incidence of concealed compartments. He suggests that blanket chests continued to be made in Prince Edward Island as late as the early 1900s. 2508 Field, Richard H. Some Furniture from Prince Edward Island. Canadian Collector 11 no 5 (Sept-Oct 1976) 30-32.6 ill, En Four pieces of unique or rare antique furniture recently seen in Prince Edward Island by the author are described in detail. No historic antecedents were found in the available literature for the maple swing-leg table or the pine table with a single drop leaf and drawer. The panelled, six board blanket chest is unusual for Prince Edward Island, whereas the simple style of the open cupboard is reminiscent of many local cupboards. 2509 Elwood, Marie. 18 Chairs from Nova Scotia. Canadian Collector 12 no 1 Qan-Feb 1977) 38-42.19 ill, diagr, En A variety of early rustic and mid-Victorian chairs manufactured in Nova Scotia between 1749 and 1870 are illustrated together with brief texts. 2510 Feindel, Glen. The Furniture of Howard D. Hebb. Occasional 4 no 3 (Fall 1977) 19-27. 23 ill, En The article has been written on the occasion of an exhibition of furniture by Nova Scotian cabinetmaker Howard D. Hebb at the DesBrisay Museum / National Exhibition Centre in Bridgewater (NS). Brief text on Hebb's life as a furniture-maker, woodcarver, and mill-owner from the late 1800s through the 1930s, is illustrated with photographs of examples of his work, including chairs, stools, tables, prescreens, and ornamental carvings. 2511 Foss, Charles H. Cabinetmakers of the Eastern Seaboard: A Study of Early Canadian Furniture. Toronto, Ont: M.F. Feheley, 1977. 156 p, 271 ill (many col), bibl, En Focussing on furniture made in New Brunswick from the 1760s to the 1920s, the introduction provides a brief history followed by chapters devoted to several craftsmen or companies: Thomas Jefferson Caswell, Robert Chillas, Alban S. Emery, James Hawes, Alexander Henderson, John D. and Jonas Howe, Knox & Thompson, Alexander Lawrence, Albert James Lordly, John Warren Moore, Thomas Nisbet, Charles Thompson, and the Vroom Brothers. 2512 Foss, Charles. John Warren Moore, Cabinetmaker, 1812-1893. New Brunswick Museum. Journal 1 (1977) 5-15. 9 ill, En The author illustrates examples of the work of St. Stephen (NB) cabinetmaker John Moore in the collection of Hagerman House at Kings Landing. The New Brunswick provincial government purchased a large number of documents
and objects made by or related to Moore; this collection constitutes the best documentation of any New Brunswick cabinetmaker. 2513 Pictou (NS), Hector Centre Trust. Nineteenth Century Pictou County Furniture. 1 June-30 Sept 1977. Published in conjunction with an exhibit researched and built by Exhibits Committee, Hector Centre Trust, Pictou, Nova Scotia. 59 p, 66 ill, maps, index, En A brief discussion of types of woods used for 19th century Pictou County (NS) furniture, and of the construction and finishing techniques used. The principal 19th century furniture-makers are identified and more than 75 makers and firms, with their places and dates of operation, are listed with sources. 2514 Halifax (NS), Dalhousie University. Dalhousie Art Gallery. Decorated Nova Scotia Furnishings. 5 July-6 Aug 1978. Thomas Lackey. 36 p, many ill, 67 works shown, En The purpose of this exhibition is to expose to a wider public a body of Nova Scotia objects having a functional domestic purpose, but conceived and executed with an interest in personal expression. The author discusses grain painting, the tradition of covering furnishings with painted geometrical motifs, and carving. 2515 Stevenson, Sheila. Colchester Furniture Makers: A Study by the Colchester Historical Museum of Colchester County 19th Century Furniture Makers and Their Work. Published in conjunction with an exhibition, June 4 to October 15,1975, Colchester Historical Museum, Truro, NS. Truro, NS: Colchester Historical Museum; Nova Scotia Museum. Department of Education, 1979. 72 p, En A history of Colchester County (NS) precedes an alphabetical listing of furniture-makers active there. Biographical data and archival sources are noted. 2516 Boucher, Roger. Le mobilier acadien / Acadian Furniture. Canadian Antiques and Art Review I no 10 (July-Aug 1980) 32-35.8 ill, Fr,En Apres avoir decrit brievement les caracteristiques de fabrication, Boucher examine le type et le genre d'evolution des meubles acadiens, allant des pieces utilitaires d'ameublement du XVIIIe siecle aux structures robustes, jusqu'a 1'apparition au XIXe siecle d'un nombre plus varie de meubles. C'est pendant la periode 1825-1875 que les plus grandes transformations ont eu lieu. Boucher describes construction characteristics and the evolution of design in handmade Acadian furniture from the utilitarian furnishings of the 18th century to the structural sturdiness and broader range of furniture in the 19th century. The greatest transformation occurred between 1825 and 1875. 2517 Dilworth, Carol; Dilworth, Tim. Daniel Green: New Brunswick Chair-Maker. Canadian Antiques and Art Review I no 9 (June 1980) 32-34,46. 3 ill, bibl, En The authors unravel the frequent confusion over identifying Daniel Green, the chairmaker, originally from England, and Daniel Green, the Loyalist. The authors outline Green's activities as a cabinetmaker and chairmaker, and suggest a reappraisal of past attributions based on the recent discovery of the first piece of furniture carrying his label.
Furniture / Mobilier 289 2518 Gough, Hugh. A Survey of Prince Edward Island Furniture. Canadian Antiques and Art Review 2 no 12 / 13 (Oct / Nov 1980) 21-25 / 37-41. 34 ill, En Cupboards and tables found on Prince Edward Island can be indicative of the early patterns of settlement. Traditional forms reflecting the influences of the French, Scottish, Irish, and English settlements within the province are evident in both handmade and steam factory produced furnishings. Gough indicates types of wood, hardware, and paint used. In part II of the article the author looks at chairs and chests, paying particular attention to the Wilt Windsor chair and other distinct categories. 2519 Peddle, Walter W. Newfoundland Outport Furniture: An Interpretation. Material History Bulletin / Bulletin d'histoire de la culture materielle 11 (Fall 1980) 19-35; sommaire fr 19.19 ill, En An examination of the style, materials, construction, finishes, decoration, and hardware of furniture made in Newfoundland outport villages in the 19th and early 20th centuries. 2520 Peddle, Walter W. Newfoundland Outport Furniture. Canadian Antiques and Art Review 2 no 11 (Sept 1980) 39-41. 8 ill, En Newfoundland's traditional rural furnishings have frequently been destroyed or sold to outside collectors at low prices. The construction, design, and materials used in these pieces are discussed by Peddle who stresses the need to strengthen Newfoundland's cultural identity and creative tradition. 2521 Ross, Marcia. The Plight of Country Furniture in Nova Scotia. Canadian Antiques and Art Review 1 no 8 (May 1980) 27-31. 6 ill, En The exodus of rural antiques from Nova Scotia is a direct result of their interest to outside dealers and collectors, and the ignorance and lack of appreciation of their value and aesthetic worth on the part of native Nova Scotians.
Quebec 2522 Massicotte, Edouard-Zotique. L'ameublement a Montreal aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siecles. Bulletin des recherches historiques 48 no 2 / 3 / 7 (fevr / mars / juil 1942) 33-42 / 75-86 / 202-205. Fr L'auteur nous presente une nomenclature compilee d'apres des actes notaries et des procedures judiciaires datant des XVIIe et XVIIIe siecles. L'objectif est de reconstituer 1'ensemble des meubles et des ustensiles que Ton trouvait a Montreal sous le regime franqais. Le tout nous est presente en trois parties; les deux premieres contiennent princpalement un lexique sur les objets recenses dans les actes (Ire partie de A a J et 2e partie de J a Z). La deuxieme partie se termine avec des renseignements sur les principales periodes d'importation de meubles au Canada. Enfin la troisieme partie contient une liste de A a Z renfermant de nouvelles donnees. Les trois listes sont constitutes partiellement a partir de 1'inventaire apres deces de Lambert Closse (1662). Enfin la troisieme partie se termine avec des notes sur 1'inventaire de Jacques Le Ber (1693): "La nomenclature de 1'ameublement a Montreal aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siecles."
2523 Gauvreau, Jean-Marie. Evolution et tradition des meubles canadiens. Royal Society of Canada. Proceedings and Transactions / Societe royale du Canada. Memoires et comptes rendus, troisieme serie, section I 35 (mai 1944) 121-128. 4 ill, Fr L'auteur deplore le fait que les interieurs quebecois modernes ne refletent pas les traditions canadiennes-franqaises. II fait une critique des meubles americains et anglais qui s'inspirent du mobilier franqais. En somme, 1'auteur fait 1'eloge, d'une faqon indirecte, de la tradition franchise au Canada. Un mot sur 1'Ecole du meuble termine 1'etude. 2524 Winchester, Alice. French Canadian Furniture. Antiques 45 no 5 (May 1944) 238-241.12 ill, En After making observations on the general character of domestic furniture in 17th, 18th, and 19th century French Canada, the author explores stylistic origins, decoration, and construction. This furniture appears to mirror the conservative, devout, thrifty, hardworking, and self-reliant character of French Canadians. 2525 Winchester, Alice. The Armoires of French Canada. Antiques 45 no 6 (June 1944) 302-305.15 ill, En Winchester surveys the construction and decoration of armoires, which are seen to exemplify the outstanding characteristics of French-Canadian furniture. Annotated illustrations underline points made in the text. 2526 Roy, Antoine. Le cout et le gout des meubles au Canada sous le regime franc.ais. Cahiers des dix 18 (1953) 227-239. Fr A 1'aide des inventaires apres deces, 1'auteur tente de definir le cout de 1'ameublement, sa nature, sa diversite et la part qui lui fut faite dans le budget de nos ancetres au XVIIe siecle et dans la premiere moitie du XVIIIe. Quant au gout, selon 1'auteur, il n'est guere developpe. Au Canada, au XVIIe siecle, on s'en tient aux pieces les plus indispensables: lits, tables, banes, chaises, coffres, bahuts. Cependant au XVIIIe siecle, les meubles augmentent en quantite et en qualite: fauteuils, armoires, bergeres, commodes, canapes, bureaux, tables de jeu ou de quadrille, toilettes, encoignures, de style Louis XV. L'auteur parle aussi du mobilier de la classe riche des officiers, des marchands, des seigneurs qui pouvaient se payer des tapisseries, des horloges, des tableaux. II fait la distinction entre ce qui est importe et ce qui est fabrique localement. 2527 Spendlove, F.St. George. The Furniture of French Canada. Connoisseur Year Book (1954) 61-67.15 ill, En. Reprint, Canadian Antiques Collector 2 no 5 (May 1967) 9-15 A general survey of furniture in French Canada up to the early 19th century, with much of the text devoted to the historical background and an explanation of the relationship between furniture types and styles in France and Canada. The illustrations are of specimens in the Royal Ontario Museum (Toronto, Ont) made between the end of the 17th century and the mid-19th century. 2528 Schwarz, Herbert T. La commode bombee de la Nouvelle-France. Vie des arts 21 (Noel 1960) 30-37. 14 ill (1 coul), Fr L'auteur dresse un bref historique de 1'ebenisterie au Quebec. II s'interesse d'abord a la description de la com-
290 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs mode a devant droit, typiquement canadienne. Expliquant la rarete de la commode bombee par sa difficulte d'execution, il passe en revue ses diverses composantes, insistant sur les techniques de fabrication et sur les motifs decoratifs utilises. II termine en signalant les principales collections publiques d'anciens meubles quebecois. 2529 Janneau, Guillaume. Les meubles anciens du Canada franc.ais / Early Canadian Furniture. Vie des arts 29 (hiver 1962-1963) 44-49; En summary iii. 15 ill (2 coul), Fr Janneau mentionne de la documentation recueillie par Jean Palardy sur 1'evolution du mobilier canadien-frangais. Le souci du pionnier du XVIIe siecle etait de s'equiper de pieces utilitaires: coffres, tables, banes, suivant les formes du mobilier rural franqais. Peu a peu, des variantes adaptees aux besoins de la colonie donnerent naissance au style canadien. Cette evolution est brievement retracee dans cet article. 2530 Palardy, Jean. Les meubles anciens du Canada franc.ais. Paris, France: Arts et metiers graphiques, 1963. 401 p, 600 ill (11 coul), bibl, index, Fr. Reimpression, Montreal, Que: Pierre Tisseyre, 1971; Version anglaise: The Early Furniture of French Canada Cet ouvrage approfondi, a la fois etude et guide du mobilier des XVIIe et XVIIIe siecles au Canada francos, comprend un historique de la colonie et du mode de vie quotidien qui affecterent 1'evolution de ce mobilier. Des sources historiques ainsi qu'un catalogue raisonne de meubles (incluant commodes, armoires, coiffeuses, buffets, encoignures, lits, berceaux, chaises, tables, bureaux, coffres, portes, horloges, articles de maison, et manteaux de cheminees) sont inclus. L'auteur analyse les tissus, la ferronnerie, les bois utilises, les differences entre les meubles franqais europeens et canadiens-franc,ais, la facture, les ecoles d'arts et metiers, 1'apprentissage, la conservation et la restauration. A la fin du livre, on trouve une liste de menuisiers (anglais et franqais) et un glossaire. 2531 Palardy, Jean. The Early Furniture of French Canada. Toronto, Ont: Macmillan, 1965. 404 p, 600 ill (11 col), diagr, maps, bibl, En. First edition, 1963. French edition: Les meubles anciens du Canada franc.ais A comprehensive study of the regional and traditional furniture of French Canada during the late 1600s and 1700s set against the history of settlement and patterns of daily life as these affected furnishings. The author identifies historical sources and provides a catalogue raisonne of 585 items of furniture, including chests, armoires, dressers, buffets, corner cabinets, beds, cradles, seats, tables, desks, commodes, doors, clocks, household objects, and mantelpieces. Under 'Technical and Historical Aspects" he discusses furniture fabrics, ironwork, woods used, differences between European-French and French-Canadian furniture, workmanship, schools of arts and crafts, apprenticeship, preservation, and restoration. Woodworkers and carvers and terms used in French Canada are separately listed. 2532 McLean, Eric. Early French Canadian Furniture. French Canadian and Acadian Genealogical Review 2 no 3 (Autumn 1969) 151-158. 5 ill, En An outline of the early history of New France and Quebec and the furniture types produced there in the 18th and 19th centuries.
2533 Lamy, Laurent. Le meuble au Quebec / Furniture in Quebec. Vie des arts 68 (automne 1972) 20-23; 90-91. 9 ill, Fr,En L'auteur traite du retard considerable que le Quebec a sur d'autres pays tels 1'Italie, la Suede et les Etats-Unis en ce qui a trait au design du meuble. II presente quelques elements contribuant a ce retard et fait des suggestions pour ameliorer la situation. Current furniture design in Quebec is relatively backward when compared with such countries as Italy, Sweden, and the United States. The author outlines some factors contributing to this problem and makes suggestions for improving the situation. 2534 Martin, Louis. Chaises et chaisiers quebecois. Ethnologie queb&oise I, p 141-158. Edite par Robert-Lionel Seguin. Montreal, Que: Cahiers du Quebec; Hurtubise HMH, 1972.6 ill, diagr, bibl, Fr Martin se demande comment il se fait que, compares a d'autres pieces de mobilier, la chaise et le fauteuil "traditionnels" aient dure si longtemps au Quebec. II examine ces exemples de mobilier au Quebec et en Nouvelle-France puis commente les materiaux utilises, les modes d'assemblage, les diverses formes et motifs decoratifs, le revetement, et les usages. 2535 Martin, Paul-Louis. Origine et evolution de la berc,ante quebecoise. Maitrise, Ethnographie. Quebec, Que: Universite Laval, 1972. 341 p, plus ill, diagr, cartes, bibl, Fr Dans un premier temps, 1'auteur decrit les motifs psychologiques et physiques de 1'apparition du siege berqant au Quebec sont retraces. Martin en fait ensuite 1'historique tant en Europe qu'en Amerique. Une etude de la structure du meuble nous donne la description des parties et des materiaux utilises dans la fabrication ainsi que 1'evolution des techniques artisanales et des types de berqantes. Une description des artisans du XIXe siecle de la ville de Quebec (1790-1890), de Montreal, de Trois-Rivieres, ainsi que du pere Mailloux et du "pere Leclerc" termine 1'ouvrage. 2536 Martin, Paul-Louis. La berc,ante quebecoise. Montreal, Que: Boreal Express, 1973. 173 p (Collection Histoire populaire du Quebec 1), 86 ill, bibl, Fr Apres avoir etudie les origines de la berceuse, Martin analyse les methodes de fabrication, les usages et les traditions qui lui sont propres, ainsi que les principaux types trouves au Quebec: Windsor, Boston, arrow-back et autres types quebecois derives de ces derniers. Une liste des principaux chaisiers, meubliers, tourneurs, ebenistes et rembourreurs qui ont oeuvre au Quebec entre 1790 et 1890 parait en appendice. Un lexique des termes techniques utilises complete 1'ouvrage. Le livre comprend aussi des listes de collectionneurs prives au Quebec et des musees canadiens et americains ayant des berceuses dans leurs collections. 2537 Ottawa (Ont), National Museum of Man / Musee national de 1'Homme. Quebec Furniture, 1700-1820 / Le mobilier quebecois, 1700-1820.1973. 34 p, En,Fr An exhibition of items from the collection of French-Canadian furniture in the National Museum of Man (Ottawa, Ont). The history of the collection is followed by background notes on the socioeconomic history of Quebec and
Furniture / Mobilier 291 the production of furniture there, with comments on the varying degrees of quality of the furniture, the diversity of skills needed by Canadian (as opposed to European) craftsmen, the types of wood available, the types of furniture produced, the adoption of British and American designs in the late 18th century, and the impact of machine technology. Catalogue d'exposition representant une selection d'articles de la collection du mobilier canadiens-franqais du Musee national de l'Homme. L'historique de la collection precede une courte revue du climat socio-economique du quebecois relie a la production de ces meubles. Dans 1'ouvrage, on mentionne leurs divers degres de qualite, 1'habilete requise par les artisans canadiens (par opposition aux artisans europeens), le type de bois accessible et utilise, les types de meubles produits, 1'integration du design americain et anglais de la fin du XVIIIe siecle et 1'impact de la technologie moderne. 2538 Collard, Elizabeth. Montreal Cabinetmakers and Chairmakers: 1800-1850, a Checklist. Antiques 105 no 5 (May 1974) 1132-1146.15 ill, bibl, En The first comprehensive listing of early 19th century Montreal cabinetmakers, chairmakers, and allied craftsmen, including cabinet turners, upholsterers, and furniture painters. Dates, addresses, and references (mostly newspaper advertisements) are provided for each. 2539 Palardy, Jean. Early Furniture / Les meubles anciens. Canadian Antiques Collector 9 no 3 (May-June 1974) 56-61.5 ill, En,Fr Palardy outlines the history of Canada's first settlements and first furniture-makers, and goes on to define the characteristics of traditional French-Canadian furniture and identify the influence of French styles. Dans cet article, 1'auteur reconstitue 1'histoire du mobilier quebecois depuis le debarquement dans la colonie jusqu'a la Conquete (1760). II definit les caracteristiques des meubles et remarque 1'influence des styles franqais. 2540 Palardy, Jean. Early Furniture of Canada: The French Influence, 1660-1760. Canadian Antiques Collector 9 no 1 (Jan-Feb 1974) 14-19. 7 ill (2 col), En Palardy describes French historical, technical, and aesthetic influences on furniture in French Canada, noting the principal designs. 2541 Palardy, Jean. French-Canadian Furniture. The Book of Canadian Antiques, p 12-35. Edited by Donald Blake Webster. Toronto, Ont: McGraw-Hill, 1974. 30 ill (5 col), En Palardy reflects on the historical background of French-Canadian furniture with a look at the woods used, the training and abilities of the woodworkers, and the specific characteristics that have evolved over the course of three centuries. 2542 Webster, Donald Blake. Furniture of English Quebec. The Book of Canadian Antiques, p 53-70. Edited by Donald Blake Webster. Toronto, Ont: McGraw-Hill, 1974.31 ill (5 col), En The earliest Anglo-Quebec furniture dates from 1785 to 1790. The styles executed during this period include late Chippendale, Sheraton, Hepplewhite, and Regency.
Webster outlines the history of furniture manufacturing in Quebec after the Conquest in 1759, with notes on the types of wood used, the styles favoured, and the points to consider when attributing pieces of Anglo-Quebec furniture. The examples illustrated are mostly from the collection of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto. 2543 Shea, John G. Antique Country Furniture of North America. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1975. 228 p, many ill, diagr, bibl, index, En In the chapter in this book that deals with French Canada (pp 46-55), the author briefly describes the dominant French styles used in 17th- and 18th-century furniture, mentioning the later British and American influences. Measured drawings for a chest, armoire, and dresser appear elsewhere in the volume. 2544 Oliver, Lucile. Mobilier quebecois. Montreal, Que: LRP, Editions Ch. Massin, 1979. 80 p, 90 ill (90 coul), plans, Fr Ouvrage sommaire dans lequel 1'auteure situe tout d'abord le milieu geographique de production du mobilier quebecois; elle donne ensuite un historique concis de son developpement, les caracteres generaux, 1'ornementation, les artisans, les garnitures metalliques, 1'habitat et, finalement, dans une section abondamment illustree, elle analyse les differents types de meubles. 2545 Fortier, Yvan; Gauthier, Marcel. Les meubles meublants dans le repertoire du mobilier ancien au Quebec. Material History Bulletin / Bulletin d'histoire de la culture materielle 11 (automne 1980) 1-18; En summary 1.11 ill, plans, bibl, Fr Le concept des meubles "meublants" ou inamovibles, dans le repertoire du mobilier ancien au Quebec est mis en relief par opposition aux meubles mobiles ou "courants". L'usage distinctif qu'on a fait de ce genre de mobilier dans 1'habitat franc,ais et quebecois du XVIIIe siecle permet d'etablir une classification de ses divers types selon le mode de construction et la fonction attribute. Ontario 2546 Jacques & Hay's Cabinet Factory. Journal of the Board of Arts and Manufactures for Upper Canada 4 (July 1864) 193-196. En The furniture establishment of Jacques & Hay on Bay Street in Toronto, at the time of writing the largest of its kind in British America, is exporting some of its best class of furniture to England and Scotland. The reader is taken to the factory where "the processes by which the rough timber is made to assume the forms of elegance and utility" are explained in detail. One is then conducted to the cabinet department and to the designer's studio where casts of Canadian flora and fauna are used in original designs for carved ornamentation. 2547 Smith, S.K. Character in Furniture: Art of Home Furnishings Makes Decided Advance in Canada; New Styles as Seen at January Exhibitions. Maple Leaf 3 no 12 (Feb 1925) 34-37. 7 ill, En The author believes that Canadian furniture manufacturers are making considerable artistic advances, and that the new designs have a flavour of real cosmopolitanism. Trends in the use of woods, finishes, and veneers are
292 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs reviewed, and the products of three Ontario manufacturers examined: WJ. Armstrong Ltd. of Guelph; McLagan Furniture Co. of Stratford, and Andrew Malcolm Furniture Co. of Kincardine and Southampton. 2548 Redpath, William. The Romance of Old Lacquer in Canada. Canadian Homes and Gardens (Aug 1926) 28-29,64. 6 ill, En Following a discussion of the origins and techniques of the art of carving, decorating, and gilding furniture in lacquer, the author focusses on the work of Caleb Keene, who produces highly decorated pieces with Oriental and medieval designs in his Oakville (Ont) studio. 2549 Minhinnick, Jeanne. Early Furniture in Upper Canada Village, 1800-1837. Toronto, Ont: Ryerson, 1964. 43 p, 35 ill, En The author looks at the various types and styles of furniture in early 19th century Upper Canada (now Ontario) homes based on examples in Upper Canada Village (Morrisburg, Ont). She examines the numerous types of wood popular in furniture production; the Canadian, French, and American stylistic influences; and the major characteristics of furniture design during this period. 2550 Stevens, Gerald. Early Ontario Furniture. Toronto, Ont: Royal Ontario Museum, 1966. 16 p (Royal Ontario Museum Series: What? Why? When? How? Where? Who? 13), 9 ill, bibl, En An outline of early influences on furniture-making in Ontario on the part of French, British, and Loyalist immigrants, with reference to styles and woods used and some of the early cabinetmakers. A glossary is appended. 2551 Opus International Limited. Furniture by Hugh Spencer. Cover title: Furniture Displayed in Form / Factor, Toronto. Toronto, Ont: 1968. 64 p, some ill, En The design and manufacture of furniture by Opus International is a development of the consulting design practice of Hugh Spencer, the firm's President and Design Director. The introduction briefly outlines Spencer's training, career, and accomplishments, while the catalogue describes and illustrates several chairs, desks, tables and sofas, primarily intended for office use. 2552 Minhinnick, Jeanne. Collecting Furniture in Ontario. Canadian Antiques Collector 6 no 5 (May 1971) 53-55. 4 ill, En Minhinnick briefly sketches prominent 19th century furniture styles in Ontario, noting influences from Quebec, Great Britain, and the United States, including Pennsylvania "Dutch" settlements. 2553 Shackleton, Philip. Ontario Chairs. Canadian Antiques Collector 6 no 5 (May 1971) 62-64. 9 ill, En Shackleton looks at the origins of chair manufacturing in Ontario and the chairmaking craft up until 1850. French settlements were the first to introduce European furniture, but little has survived. The Windsor chair and ladder-back chairs were favourites, the dominant styles being American. However, some British and Scottish styles persist, such as a flat-board version of Georgian and Regency side chairs. Early in the 19th century there were chairmakers in almost every community with a quantity of well-made chairs constantly in stock.
2554 Ingolfsrud, Elizabeth. Blanket Chests. Canadian Antiques Collector 7 no 5 (Sept-Oct 1972) 30-31. 2 ill, En An article on Ontario blanket chests, their construction and decorative details, differences between chests made for travel and those made for the home, particular types that demonstrate superior cabinetmaking skills, and types of inscriptions. 2555 Ingolfsrud, Elizabeth. Ontario Drop Leaf Tables. Canadian Antiques Collector 7 no 4 (July-Aug 1972) 14-16.4 ill, En In the period 1815-1845 a great number of drop-leaf tables of different designs were made in Ontario. These are identified, followed by suggestions for caring for them. 2556 Cane, Frederick W. Bowmanville Furniture Factories. Canadian Antiques Collector 8 no 3 (May-June 1973) 42-44.4 ill, bibl, En During the 19th century two furniture factories were active in Bowmanville, Ontario: the G.P. Walter Co., and the Bowmanville Furniture Manufacturing Co. (later known as the Upper Canada Furniture Co.). 2557 Ingolfsrud, Elizabeth. All About Ontario Chests. Toronto, Ont: House of Grant (Canada), 1973.48 p (All About Series 1), many ill, En An introductory essay deals with the history of Ontario chests, stylistic progression, construction, decoration, restoration, assessment of age and condition, and evaluation. A number of specific chests are then discussed, followed by a short glossary. 2558 Shackleton, Philip. The Furniture of Old Ontario. Toronto, Ont: MacMillan, 1973. 399 p, 600 ill (12 col), En. Reprint, 1978, in reduced format with black-and-white illustrations substituted for colour plates The introductory chapters deal with the history of Ontario, influential styles, and the history of furniture production in the province to 1857. Subsequent chapters illustrate varieties of chairs, sofas, bedsteads, cradles, chests, chests of drawers, desks, cupboards, sideboards, clocks, tables, washstands, looking glasses, and miscellaneous pieces. 2559 Dunning, Phil. The Jacques and Hay Styles: Canadian Cabinet Makers and Victorian Style. Canadian Antiques Collector 9 no 6 (Nov-Dec 1974) 14-17.10 ill, En Dunning points out that the so-called Jacques and Hay style was actually borrowed by the Jacques & Hay Co. during the last half of the 19th century from Eastlake (Eastlake, Charles Locke. Hints on Household Taste in furniture, Upholstery, and Other Details. London, England: Longmans, Green, 1868) and other Victorian Gothic furniture designs. 2560 Ingolfsrud, Elizabeth. All About Ontario Chairs. Toronto, Ont: House of Grant (Canada), 1974.64 p (All About Series 2), 20 ill, En The author reviews the history and stylistic progression of slat-back, Windsor, and fancy chairs, and examines their construction and decoration, with notes on restoration, and the assessment of condition, age, and monetary value. These introductory remarks are followed by a selection of photographs of the various types with commentary. A glossary is appended.
Furniture / Mobilier 293 2561 Shackleton, Philip. Ontario Furniture. The Book of Canadian Antiques, p 110-127. Edited by Donald Blake Webster. Toronto, Ont: McGraw-Hill, 1974. 27 ill (5 col), En An overview of some of the finer furniture made in Ontario in a variety of period styles for the drawing room, parlour, and dining room. The author indicates the uses made of particular kinds of woods, and concludes that before 1850 there were great disparities in the quality and styles of furniture being made in Ontario. 2562 Ingolfsrud, Elizabeth. All About Ontario Beds. Toronto, Ont: House of Grant (Canada), 1975.63 p (All About Series 3), 20 ill, En The author introduces the styles, construction, decoration, restoration, assessment, and evaluation of 19th century Ontario beds and suggests methods for adapting these beds to modern standards of comfort. Twenty photographs of beds are accompanied by a discussion of variations, provenance, and market value. 2563 MacKinnon, Joan. A Checklist of Toronto Cabinet and Chair Makers, 1800-1865. Ottawa, Ont: National Museums of Canada, 1975. 196 p (National Museum of Man. Mercury Series. History Division. Paper no 11), 12 ill, bibl, En A checklist of Toronto cabinetmakers and chairmakers working between 1800 and 1865, giving names, occupations, working dates, dates and places of residence and / or business, general biographical data, types of furniture made, number and names of employees, and outside activities. 2564 Mclntyre, William John. Chairs and Chairmaking in Upper Canada. MA, Early American Culture. Newark, Del: University of Delaware, 1975. ix,192 p, 75 ill, bibl, En The author has set out to discover who were the chairmakers in Upper Canada (now Ontario) from the 1790s to the 1870s, to identify the types of chairs produced, to establish where and how the chairmakers worked, and to explore the competition they faced and the beginnings of factory production. Individual chapters, in addition to covering these topics, also deal with the business of making, finishing, and selling chairs; the trade in chairs and chair parts; contacts with the United States; and other aspects of chairmaking in the 1850s and 1860s. 2565 McMurray, Allan Lynn. From Renfrew County, Ontario: Wilno Furniture. Canadian Antiques Collector 10 no 6 (Nov-Dec 1975) 10-16. En Wilno furniture from Renfrew County, Ontario, has recently been recognized as having been made by Polish settlers in the 1860s, representing the survival of the 17th and 18th century Baroque style in Europe. Common construction techniques are indicated. Much credit is given to John Kozloski, who was a pioneer carpenter in this style. 2566 Ingolfsrud, Elizabeth. All About Ontario Tables. Toronto, Ont: House of Grant (Canada), 1976.63 p (All About Series 4), many ill, En Ingolfsrud outlines the styles and evolutionary changes in Ontario table production, and looks at dating, assessment, methods of restoration and major construction, and decorative features.
2567 MacKinnon, Joan. Kingston Cabinetmakers, 1800-1867. Ottawa, Ont: National Museums of Canada, 1976. iv,178 p (National Museum of Man. Mercury Series. History Division. Paper no 14), many ill, bibl, En. Original version: MA. Museology. Toronto, Ont: University of Toronto, 1974 MacKinnon outlines a pattern of rising and falling socioeconomic conditions that influenced and determined the nature and extent of cabinetmaking in Kingston (Ont). Agricultural surpluses and military construction booms are factors in the rise of the industry, whereas major transportation developments outside of the region led to its decline. The study concludes with a list of more than 100 cabinetmakers active in Kingston from 1800 to 1867. 2568 Nykor, Lynda Musson; Musson, Patricia D. Markham Mennonites and Their Furniture. Canadian Collector 11 no 4 Guly-Aug 1976) 16-20.11 ill, En Following a brief history of the Mennonite emigration to Ontario from the United States the author focusses on Mennonite furniture produced in both countries. The influence of the Mennonite religion on all aspects of daily life is said to be evident in furniture design. 2569 Duncan, Dorothy. Some Thoughts on Niagara Furniture. Canadian Collector 12 no 2 (Mar-Apr 1977) 33-35.3 ill, bibl, En Duncan poses questions about the origin and use of furniture in the Niagara region of Ontario. A great deal of this furniture was brought to Canada by British military officers or was imported from the United States. 2570 Johannesen, S.K. The Unknown Furniture Master of Waterloo County. Canadian Collector 12 no 4 (July-Aug 1977) 18-23. 9 ill, En The author examines the styles and construction of furniture made in the early 1800s by an unknown Waterloo County (Ont) craftsman in a countrified American Empire style. After examining the economic and cultural factors, Johannesen goes on to list the common features (heavy joinery; wide pine boards; lapped, moulded drawer lips; dovetails set the "wrong" way; panelled construction of the case; and the design of the moulding) that indicate the pieces are the work of one maker. Careful examination of the designs and craftsmanship reveals idiosyncratic and imaginative work. 2571 Mclntyre, John. Niagara Furniture Makers. Canadian Collector 12 / 13 no 3 / 5 / 2 / 4 (May-June / Sept-Oct / Mar-Apr / July-Aug 1977 / 1978) 50-53 / 50-53 / 24-28 / 37-40. 6 ill, maps, bibl, En The purpose of this series of articles is to record the names of lesser-known Niagara Peninsula furniture craftsmen, and wherever possible to describe the types of furniture they made and sold, the competition they faced, the location of their shops, and dates of operation. The first article discusses one of the earliest craftsmen associated with the making of furniture in the area, Garry Camp, and also Joseph Merriam and his sons John H. and D.H. Merriam. The author refers to the importation of furniture to the Niagara area, and especially of American furnishings following the 1825 opening of the Erie Canal. Thomas Mclntyre and his furniture business in St. Catharines from the 1830s to 1870s is the subject of the second article. In the third article the author examines pieces of furniture that have been attributed to four Niagara area craftsmen: John
294 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs Grobb, Samuel I. Mover, Albert Lane, and Henry Simmerman. The fourth article consists of a directory of 91 cabinetmakers and allied craftsmen. 2572 Nykor, Lynda Musson; Musson, Patricia D. Mennonite Furniture: The Ontario Tradition in York County. Foreword by Nancy-Lou Patterson. Toronto, Ont: Lorimer, 1977. 95 p, many ill, bibl, En Linking religious and social practices and historical conditions closely to styles of furniture, the authors trace the Mennonite people's trek from Europe to Pennsylvania and finally to Ontario. Against this historical background, the styles, materials, and methods of construction of Mennonite furniture, homes, and meeting houses are discussed. 2573 Yeager, William, ed. The Cabinet Makers of Norfolk County. Contributors: James Connell; Robert Harris; George Lang; William Z. Nixon; Deborah Zdriluk. Simcoe, Ont: Norfolk Historical Society with the assistance of Fanshawe College, 1977. iv,152 p, many ill, bibl, index, En. First edition, 1975 A study of cabinetmaking in the Ontario townships of Woodhouse, Middleton, Houghton, Windham, Townsend, and Walsingham, and the towns of Vittoria, Simcoe, Charlotteville, Port Dover, and St. Williams, among others. Reference is made to craftsmen and crafts companies: David Marr, Archibald Reid, J. & G. Jackson, Louis Hoffman, and McCall & Company. An extensive and representative sampling of lists of names from business directories, 1851-1871, is appended. 2574 Ingolfsrud, Elizabeth. All About Ontario Cupboards. Toronto, Ont: House of Grant (Canada), 1978.95 p (All About Series 5), 30 ill, En Introductory essay deals with the history and stylistic progression of Ontario cupboards, and includes notes on dishes, food, utility and clothes cupboards, construction, decoration, restoration, and assessments of condition and age, and general comments on monetary value. Some 30 individual cupboards in a wide range of types are then discussed, followed by a short glossary. 2575 Mclntyre, W.John. Chairmaking in Nineteenth Century Ontario. Everyday Life in Nineteenth Century Ontario: The Proceedings of a Seminar Sponsored by the Ontario Museum Association, p 87-97. Toronto, Ont: Ontario Museum Association, 1978. 3 ill, bibl, En The author argues that chairmaking in 19th-century Ontario, influenced by the geography, economics, and social and cultural history of Upper Canada, was unique. The essay covers early chairmakers in York and the Niagara Peninsula, the proliferation of craftsmen, tools and techniques, painted chairs, making chairs to order, style and ornamentation, marketing, the decline of the private shop, the importation of whole chairs and of parts of chairs, American competition, mass production, and the opening of the Canadian lumber industry and of furniture factories in the 1850s. 2576 Pain, Howard. Style Influences in the Furniture of Upper Canada. Canadian Collector 13 no 5 (Sept-Oct 1978) 32-38. 8 ill (2 col), En Early Upper Canada (now Ontario) craftsmen closely followed the English, German, Polish, and American
traditions of furniture-making. The body of furniture produced, although of modest character, is unique in its assimilation of diverse influences from different places and times. This eclecticism is explored by the author. 2577 Pain, Howard. The Heritage of Upper Canadian Furniture: A Study in the Survival of Formal and Vernacular Styles from Britain, America and Europe, 1780-1900. Foreword by Dean A., Jr. Fales. Introduction by William Kilbourn. Toronto, Ont: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1978.548 p, 1391 ill (many col), diagr, maps, bibl, index, En. Published also as The Heritage of Country Furniture, 1780-1900. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1978 A brief history of the settlement of Upper Canada (now Ontario) and an analysis of the styles of furniture that were brought from Great Britain, Europe, and the United States preface this fully illustrated and annotated catalogue of early tables, chairs, sofas, cupboards, armoires, chests, beds, cradles, clocks, desks, and chests of drawers. Chapters devoted to the Anglo-American, Germanic, Polish, and French-Canadian traditions consist of illustrations prefaced by introductory comments. 2578 Good, E.Reginald. Joseph Witmer. Ontario History 71 no 4 (Dec 1979) 191-204. 6 ill, bibl, En An extensive article on the career and family history of cabinetmaker Joseph Witmer of Waterloo County, Ontario (1812-1896). The author outlines the socioeconomic life of the period and circumstances surrounding Witmer's designs and the production of furniture. 2579 Ingolfsrud, Elizabeth. All About Ontario Desks. Toronto, Ont: House of Grant (Canada), 1979.79 p (All About Series 6), 25 ill, En The first half of the book is a general look at types of 19th-century desks found in Ontario, with notes on collecting, history, construction techniques, types of decoration, restoration, and assessment of condition, age, and monetary value. Some 25 types of desks are considered in the second section, followed by a short glossary. 2580 Koltun, L.A. The Cabinetmaker's Art in Ontario, c. 1850-1900. Ottawa, Ont: National Museums of Canada, 1979. v,193 p (National Museum of Man. Mercury Series. History Division. Paper no 26), 110 ill, bibl, index, En An in-depth study and a history of the tools and workshop of Francis Jones of Middlesex, Ontario, describing some of the general effects of industrialization on craftsmen and cabinetmakers. Major effects cited are tool and technical innovations, competition from mass production, changing public taste, and the reorganization of the forces of traditional craft production. 2581 Ingolfsrud, Elizabeth. A Collection in Context: Isaac Bennett Baker, Ontario Builder and Cabinetmaker. Material History Bulletin / Bulletin d'histoire de la culture materielle 11 (Fall 1980) 114-128.15 ill, bibl, En The Hall-Baker-Stewart homestead in Springfield, Elgin County (Ont), was built by a woodworker named Isaac Baker. Detailed descriptions of the furniture built by Baker for the house, and of his workshop and barn, are followed by a discussion of the research findings and potential of this collection.
Woodenware / Bois 295 2582 Lee-Whiting, Brenda. Furniture-Maker from Germany. Canadian Collector 16 no 5 (Sept-Oct 1981) 37-41. 9 ill, En A discussion of the life and career of Julius Albert Zadow, a furniture-maker who emigrated to Renfrew County (Ont) from Germany in 1881. Zadow's simple country pine pieces are frequently characterized by careful dovetailing and decorative cornices.
Western Canada / Provinces de 1'Ouest 2583 Wilson, Anne Elizabeth. New Rustic Furniture at Jasper. Canadian Homes and Gardens (May 1926) 37,48.6 ill, En Ralph James of Alberta has developed an original style of furniture using the twisted branches and knotted trunks of native trees. 2584 Webster, Donald Blake. Manitoba Furniture. Canadian Antiques Collector 4 no 4 (Apr 1969) 18-19. 2 ill, En Although not commonly regarded as an area where early Canadian furniture was made, Manitoba's Selkirk Settlement nevertheless produced several fine examples of domestic pine furniture. Among these are Red River chairs and an early washstand by Hugh Mathieson. 2585 Dempsey, Hugh A. Ethnic Furniture. Calgary, Alta: Glenbow-Alberta Institute, 1970. 20 p, 29 ill (1 col), En A survey of furniture and utilitarian objects brought to western Canada or made there by Mennonite, Hutterite, Doukhobor, French-Canadian, and Scandinavian settlers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. 2586 McGowan, Nancy. Early Manitoba Furniture. Canadian Antiques Collector 6 no 8 (Nov-Dec 1971) 21-24. 9 ill, En In the Red River Settlement of Manitoba in the 1850s and 1860s it was almost impossible to import furniture, and settlers depended upon local production for the bare necessities. The author describes the sturdy and serviceable articles that were made (chairs, chests, cradles, sideboards, and sofas), the types of woods available, and the techniques used for doweling, morticing, and latticing. Reference is made to work by local Indians, such as the pews in St. John's Cathedral. 2587 Clipsham, Muriel. Early Furniture. Canadian Antiques Collector 8 no 4 (July-Aug 1973) 33-35. 5 ill, En A survey of furniture manufacturing in Saskatchewan from the late 1800s to 1921, focussing on craftsman John Howard and the surviving examples of his inlaid tables and prayer stools, on Czech-born craftsman Vaclav Yecny, and carver T.A. Mack of Lumsden, who works with indigenous woods.
Woodenware / Bois 2588 Shackleton, Phil. The Woodenware of Ontario Pioneers. Canadian Geographical Journal 46 no 5 (May 1953) 174-181. 20 ill, En The author describes home crafts made from wood by early pioneers: bowls, ladles, butter paddles, butter prints, bake boards, rolling pins, chopping bowls, stirring rods for
the laundry, knife handles, shoulder yokes, tobacco cutters, and mortars and pestles. 2589 Prevost, Antoine. Girouettes en forme de coq. Vie des arts 30 (printemps 1963) 32-35; En summary 49. 7 ill (1 coul), Fr Les girouettes du Quebec, faites de bois mais plus souvent de fer blanc ou de tole epaisse et quelques fois de cuivre, sont frequemment dorees, alors que d'autres sont peintes. L'auteur decrit brievement les etapes de 1'execution, les formes et les details decoratifs de ces girouettes. 2590 Adams, Marian. Canadian Woodenware. Canadian Antiques Collector 3 no 7 (July 1968) 23-24.1 ill, En Influences from Pennsylvania were felt on treenware made in both Quebec and Ontario. However, despite points of similarity, the two provinces used different types of woods, finishes, and decorative motifs. 2591 Abrahamson, Una. Treenware and Wooden Utensils. The Book of Canadian Antiques, p 173-186. Edited by Donald Blake Webster. Toronto, Ont: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 1974.19 ill (2 col), bibl, En Abrahamson provides a brief history of treenware in Canada, itemizing the many household utensils made from wood prior to the 20th century. 2592 Seguin, Robert-Lionel. Quebec Maple-Sugar Moulds / Le moule a sucre d'erable au Quebec. Canadian Antiques Collector 9 no 3 (May-June 1974) 74-77. 6 ill, En,Fr After tracing the origins of maple sugar, Seguin discusses the history of carved maple sugar moulds through the 19th century. These single, double-sided, and finally multiple-compartmented moulds were decorated with carved religious, animal, or household motifs. Apres un rappel de 1'origine historique du sucre d'erable, 1'auteur retrace revolution du moule a sucre depuis ses debuts au XIXe siecle. D'abord compose d'un seul volet, le moule en aura par la suite, deux, quatre et six. Des motifs sculptes religieux et profanes decorent ces moules. 2593 Klymasz, Robert B.; Mattie, Wesley C. Birdhouses in Canada. Canadian Collector 12 no 3 (May-June 1977) 22-25.12 ill, En Birdhouses have become a prized type of folk art because they may reflect the life-style of the maker, recapture an architectural style from the past, or predict styles of the future. Examples shown are from the collection of the National Museum of Man (Ottawa, Ont). 2594 Morgan, Carl. Early Woodenware in Canada. Cheltenham, Ont: Boston Mills, 1977. 96 p (Collector Series 1), many ill, En A book about collecting early woodenware, built on an historical base. The author addresses all aspects of early Canadian life in which wood played a significant part: boxes, fences, furniture, heat, shelter, tools, toys, transportation, and utensils. 2595 Casson, Paul W. Decoy Collecting Primer. Toronto, Ont: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1978. 83 p, 23 ill, index, En A guide to information sources for decoy collectors. Chapters deal with basic aspects of collecting: brands and
296 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs signatures; books; magazines and bulletins on the subject; auctions; decoy and antique shows; antique shops; flea markets and tailgates; correspondence between collectors, clubs, groups, and organizations; and care of decoys. 2596 Himel, Susan; Murray, Joan; Knowles, Valerie; Gustafson, Paula. Wood. Canada Crafts 3 no 6 (Aug-Sept 1978) 11-27. 23 ill (6 col), En A series of interviews and profiles focussing on craftsmen working in the medium of wood. Susan Himel, in her introductory article, asks several craftsmen to describe what wood means to them, followed by vignettes of a number of designer-craftsmen living in Ontario. Joan Murray interviews Sidney Howard, a Nova Scotia woodcarver, and Ivan Law, a woodcarver in Oshawa, Ontario. Valerie Knowles profiles Kent Graham of Renfrew, Ontario, who makes custom-made furniture and accessories, and Paula Gustafson talks with Frank Ens, a western woodworker who carves classic automobiles and toys. 2597 Halifax (NS), Art Gallery of Nova Scotia. An Exhibition of Canadian Gameboards of the 19th & 20th Centuries from Ontario/ Quebec & Nova Scotia. 1981. Richard Field. Also shown: Waterloo (Ont), University of Waterloo. Museum and Archive of Games; Montreal (Que), McGill University. McCord Museum; Toronto (Ont), Royal Ontario Museum; Quebec (Que), Musee du Quebec; Sackville (NB), Mount Allison University. Owens Art Gallery. 62 p, many ill (9 col), bibl, 66 works shown, En Introductory text reviews conceptual notions of games, their sources, and their origins, while focussing on the racing, oppositional, and alignment games featured in this exhibition. Decorative treatment, construction, and types of woods used in several regions and eras are compared in a subsequent section.
Industrial Design / Esthetique industrielle 2598 Industrial Art in the Province of Quebec. Dominion Illustrated 4 no 97 (May 1890) 290-291. En After sketching the recent worldwide increase in interest in industrial arts, the author discusses industrial arts training in Quebec, focussing on the 1876 publication of a report by the Council of Arts and Manufactures, based on a tour of the chief Boston and New York art schools. The arts taught include woodcarving, lithography, scagliola work, making plaster casts and sand clay models, mural design, and mechanical, freehand, and architectural drawing. 2599 White, Earnest C. Illumination of the Royal Alexandra Hotel, Winnipeg. Canadian Architect & Builder 19 no 11 (Nov 1906) 167-169.14 ill, En The engineer associated with the selection of lamps, wall sconces, and chandeliers for the Royal Alexandra Hotel in Winnipeg (Man) provides descriptions of the 14 specimens of modern lighting illustrated. 2600 Buchanan, Donald W. Design in Industry. Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. Journal 23 no 9 (Sept 1946) 228-229. 2 ill, En
>uchanan questions the place of the designer in Canadian industry, recommends the formation of a Canadian Design in Industry Committee to encourage Canadian research in industrial design, and mentions the resolution of the Canadian Manufacturers' Association to promote Canadian initiative in design. 2601 Buchanan, Donald W. Design for Use: A Survey of Design in Canada of Manufactured Goods for the Home and Office, for Sports and Outdoors. Including photographs from the exhibition Design in Industry. Ottawa, Ont: National Gallery of Canada in cooperation with the Department of Reconstruction and Supply and the National Film Board of Canada, 1947. 130 p, 37 ill, En Based on a Canada-wide survey of functional design in consumer goods, the author examines organic design, that is, design that combines functional efficiency with proportion in form and structure. He concludes that better design is needed in industrial art in Canada. Individual sections of the book are concerned with wood products, plastics, glass, ceramics, lighting fixtures, metals, and textiles. 2602 Buchanan, Donald W. The Design of Household Goods. Canadian Art 4 no 2 (Feb-Mar 1947) 74-77. 6 ill, En Only a few examples of truly contemporary furniture made by Canadians could be seen in the Design in Industry exhibition at the National Gallery of Canada in Ottawa (Ont). Buchanan makes suggestions regarding the training of industrial designers, who must understand the principles of form and the requirements of toolmakers and plant engineers. 2603 Englesmith, G.; Buchanan, Donald W; Matthews, T.E.; Stewart, Clair; Moffat, Charles L. Design in Industry. Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. Journal 26 no 7 (July 1947) 222-252. 43 ill, bibl, En A general review of design in industry with essays on recent industrial design trends worldwide; the origin and development of Canadian industrial design; the education, duties, and responsibilities of Canadian designers; and the state of advertising design in Canada. Costs are cited for recently produced appliances, machines, furniture, kitchenware, and transport vehicles. 2604 Buchanan, Donald W. Canadian Designs for Everyday Use. Ottawa, Ont: National Gallery of Canada, 1949. 50 p, many ill, En The Association of Canadian Industrial Designers and the National Industrial Design Committee were established by the National Gallery of Canada to advise on the inclusion of various Canadian manufactured products in the Canadian Design Index. Products were to exhibit a "truly functional" design according to criteria based on form and commodity, production quality and service, and originality of design. Among the exhibits are examples of furniture, lighting and radios, utility ware, household appliances, kitchen equipment, and recreation products, as well as industrial and mechanical works. A list of designers is appended. 2605 Canada. National Industrial Design Council. Canadian Design Index - NIDC. Ottawa, Ont: National Industrial Design Council, 1950-1957. Annual. En
Industrial Design / Esthetique industrielle 297 The Canadian Design Index - NIDC documents Canadian-manufactured articles of merit in design chosen by a selection committee. To qualify for inclusion an article must be manufactured in Canada and be currently available through normal distribution channels. From 1950 to 1955 the National Industrial Design Council of Canada issued individual sheets on each article. In 1955 a volume of Additions was issued. In 1956 and 1957 the sheets were replaced by an annual catalogue that lists products together with information about the designer, manufacturer, and price, and includes an illustration. Awards are given each year for the best new design in each category. 2606 Buchanan, Donald W. Design for Selling and Selling Design. Food for Thought 11 no 7 (Apr 1951) 5-9. 4 ill, En The National Industrial Design Committee was formed to encourage better product design in Canada and to arouse public appreciation for Canadian design. Its promotional activities include publishing and granting scholarships, and it has recently completed a survey of design needs in the furniture industry. The author outlines the advances made in Canadian design and refers to the increasing number of exhibitions devoted to industrial design. The National Gallery maintains the Canadian Design Index, which has established high standards for local design. 2607 Buchanan, Donald W. Good Design or "Styling"; The Choice Before Us. Canadian Art 9 no 1 (Autumn 1951) 32-35. 7 ill, En One favourable result of the lag in Canadian industrial design development has been the avoidance of fads and fallacies that have appeared in the United States. Buchanan stresses the need for good design. Illustrations show examples from the Canadian Design Index of manufactured products of original design that are gradually gaining more recognition in Canada and abroad. 2608 Buchanan, Donald W. Reflections on a Competition for Product Designs. Canadian Art 8 no 4 (Summer 1951) 168-170. 6 ill, En The judges in the first industrial design competition held in Canada were disappointed by the prevalence of gadgets and a lack of emphasis on the economics of mass production, which they trace to inadequacies in basic training. Among young painters who tried their hand at furniture design was Jacques deTonnancour, who submitted a coffee table in glass and plywood. 2609 Canada. National Industrial Design Council. Design Awards. Ottawa, Ont: National Industrial Design Council, 1953-1958. Annual, some ill, En The National Industrial Design Committee ("Committee" became "Council" in 1954) was created in 1948 as an extension of the National Gallery of Canada. Beginning in 1953, and annually until 1958, the NIDC recognized good design in Canadian products by presenting design awards to Canadian designers and manufacturers of furnishings, office equipment, fabrics, household appliances, and other articles based on the criteria of form, function, originality, good value, and consumer acceptability. The winning designs are reproduced in the annual Design Awards booklet (the title varies from year to year) together with the name of the designers and the manufacturer, and the retail price. Later issues include indexes of designers with their portraits, and of manufacturers.
2610 Buchanan, Donald W. Publicity for Good Design. Canadian Art 15 no 2 (Apr 1958) 106-107; sommaire fr 163. 6 ill, En The impact of the annual design awards given by the National Industrial Design Council has not been as widespread among manufacturers as the sponsors had hoped. Furniture design has seen improvement recently with a few larger manufacturers employing designers, but good design at a reasonable price is still hard to find. 2611 Kennedy, Warnett. Industrial Design. The Arts in Canada: A Stock-taking at Mid-century, p 149-153. Edited by Malcolm Ross. Toronto, Ont: Macmillan Company of Canada, 1958. 5 ill (5 col), En In a brief essay on industrial design, Kennedy focusses on the National Industrial Design Council, which was established in 1948; the importance of aesthetic content in industrial design; and the many styles apparent in contemporary Canadian design. 2612 Finkel, Henry. ACID - Association of Canadian Industrial Designers. Canadian Art 16 no 1 (Feb 1959) 36-39; sommaire fr 75-76.12 ill, En The Association of Canadian Industrial Designers is 10 years old in 1958. Finkel reviews the reasons why the Association came into being and the history of government encouragement of good design, and summarizes the requirements for a well-designed product. 2613 Ferrabee, Lydia. [Canada's New Design Centre]. Design 186 (June 1964) 72-75. 8 ill, En Ferrabee discusses the Design Centre, Toronto (Ont), and traces its history, with notes on the establishment of design associations and training in Canada. She expresses the hope that the Centre will encourage manufacturers to become more adventurous and imaginative in their work. 2614 Burch, E.T. The Impact of Canadian Design. Executive 7 no 8 (Aug 1965) 31-35. 6 ill, En An overview of selected Canadian design innovations that have had a significant impact inside and outside of Canada. Coverage ranges from combine harvesters to gas masks. 2615 Leduc, Denis. Esthetique industrielle 67. Commerce 67 no 5 (mai 1965) 68-70,72. 7 ill, Fr L'auteur explique les principaux objectifs de 1'operation Estheticjue industrielle 67 et le mode de fonctionnement de ce programme mis sur pied par le gouvernement federal a 1'occasion de 1'Expo 67 (Montreal, Que) et du centenaire de la Confederation. II encourage la recherche d'une identite canadienne des produits et souligne le travail des dessinateurs industriels. II signale, en terminant, les genres de projets susceptibles d'etre admis au programme. 2616 Leduc, Denis. La naissance du design au Canada. Commerce 68 no 9 (sept 1966) 50-58. plus ill, Fr L'auteur souligne le succes de 1'operation "Esthetique-Canada 67", au concours national d'esthetique industrielle lance a 1'occasion du centenaire de la Confederation. II rappelle la creation prochaine d'un centre d'esthetique industrielle a Montreal et insiste sur 1'importance de produits canadiens bien census. II donne une liste des designers quebecois qui ont merite des prix d'excellence,
298 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs aussi bien dans la categoric des produits de conception nouvelle que dans celle des produits existants. On trouvera en annexe une description de plusieurs produits presentes au concours. 2617 Carr, Richard. Canada - Design '67. Design 219 (Mar 1967) 42-45.12 ill, En The Canada - Design '67 program is sponsored by the National Design Council as a corollary to Expo '67, and its aim is "to encourage the use and sale in 1967 of well designed Canadian products, particularly those relating to the numerous centennial and Expo building projects." Jury members are identified and 12 winning designs are reproduced. 2618 Canada. Design Canada. Canadian Design at Expo 67 / Le design Canadian a 1'Expo 67. Ottawa, Ont: Design Canada, 1968. 64 p, many ill, En,Fr A Design Canada research team selected more than 150 new Canadian products on view at Expo '67 in Montreal that they felt could be profitably translated into new lines of production, and at the same time were well designed. The items fall into the categories of lighting, commercial and home seating, home furnishings and equipment, and educational furnishings and equipment. Une publication illustree dans laquelle on decrit plus de 150 produits canadiens selectionnes par une equipe de recherche de Design Canada pour etre presentes dans le cadre d'Expo 67 a Montreal. Ces ouvrages furent retenus pour la qualite de leur design et pour leur facilite de production. On y trouve des appareils d'eclairage, du mobilier et de 1'equipement residentiels, commerciaux et educatifs. 2619 Hymas, Alison. Design '69. Canadian Architect Yearbook (Dec 1969) 87-103.154 ill, En A broad cross section of 154 household products, both Canadian and foreign were chosen by Toronto interior designer Alison Hymas on the basis of design quality and availability in Canada. All objects are reproduced, accompanied by short annotations. Hymas suggests reasons for a new interest in product design in Canada and outlines government organizations active in the promotion of good design. 2620 Banting, Peter M.; Litvack, Isaiah A. The Design Engineer and Marketing Innovation. Business Quarterly 35 no 3 (Autumn 1970) 62-69.1 ill, bibl, En Design engineers are assuming a more critical role in Canada's mass market economy. In the main body of this article the authors discuss the nature of engineering design, the need for greater interaction between marketers and design engineers, the environmental elements that are revolutionizing engineering design, and the importance for Canada of entering the international market. The final section, "Design in Canada," addresses the lack of design initiative on the part of industry, the influence of foreign investment on the growth of Canadian design, and how to combat this problem. 2621 Cutler, Maurice. Ottawa Closes Design Centres. Canadian Interiors 7 no 2 (Feb 1970) 37-42. En Maurice Cutler interviews the federal government's Design Advisor on why the Design Centres in Toronto and
Montreal have been scrapped in favour of a new policy of providing direct assistance to manufacturers. Designers, architects, and manufacturers contribute capsule comments under the headings "For Closing" and "Against Closing," with the majority in the latter camp. 2622 Arthur, Paul. All is Not Quiet... Industrial Design 19 no 5 (June 1972) 60-67. 70 ill, En Paul Arthur analyses the weaknesses in the present state of design in Canada, arguing that design must be seen as an essential rather than as a luxury, that it is a logical process rather than a series of isolated acts, and that designers are currently being used in a wasteful, impractical, and expensive way. He elaborates on these points and sets out a point-form description of the designer's function, dealing with the three phases of the job: design, documentation, and supervision. Design, he concludes, is moving in the direction of a "systems approach" in which criteria are established for a whole series of design projects. 2623 Ferrabee, Lydia. Jacques Cuillon Designers Inc. Canadian Interiors 9 no 4 (Apr 1972) 17-28. 24 ill, En The successful Montreal design firm of Jacques Guillon Designers Inc. has been active in several directions: planning and interior design, product design (including furniture and transportation), exhibition design, and visual communication (including corporate identity programs and directional graphics). 2624 Canadian Design Programme. Canadian Interiors 10 no 7 (July 1973) 9-25. many ill, En Sonja Bata, Vice-Chairman of the National Design Council, introduces the Council, which was founded in 1961; its governing body, the Office of Design of the Department of Industry, Trade and Commerce; and its structure, aims, and activities. The text that follows, entitled "What is industrial design?" reproduces a publication put out by the Council entitled "Industrial Design," and summarizes the responsibilities of the Office of Design, such as the scholarship program of the Design Capability Division, encouragement of the teaching of design management, the arts and crafts program, and grants through the Industrial Design Assistance Program for product-design projects. 2625 Canadian Design / Design canadien no 1 - no 15 (1974 -1976) Six times per year. Ottawa, Ont: Department of Industry, Trade and Commerce. Office of Design / Ministere de ITndustrie et du Commerce. Direction generale du design. En,Fr Issued by the Office of Design of the Department of Industry, Trade and Commerce, Canadian Design "was published six times annually to keep industry and design professionals informed of design achievements and opportunities in Canada." Articles tend to be short reports on awards, courses, conferences and seminars, and other news of interest to designers, but longer articles appear in each issue in the form of a feature report, for example, "Design Education in Canada" by John Mill in issue no 12 (July 1975) and "Design at the Olympics" by Peter Michaelson in issue no 15 (Jan 1976). La Direction generale du design, ministere de 1'Industrie et du Commerce, a Ottawa, publie Design canadien six foix par an afin de tenir les membres de 1'industrie et les
Silver / Orfevrerie 299 specialistes du design au courant des realisations canadiennes et des developpements interessants au Canada. Le plus souvent on y trouve des indications sommaires sur les prix, les cours, les conferences, les seminaires ou autres evenements d'interet pour les designers; alors que le dossier du mois fait place a un article plus approfondi. Par exemple celui de John Mill sur "L'enseignement du design au Canada" (no 12, juillet 1975) et celui de Peter Michaelson "Le design aux Jeux olympiques" (no 15, Janvier 1976). 2626 Ducharme, Gerard. Message aux hommes d'affaires: le design existe. Revue commerce 80 no 12 (dec 1978) 92-94,96-97. 5 ill, Fr L'auteur s'applique d'abord a definir ce qu'est le design en dormant des exemples internationaux. II brosse ensuite un tableau de la situation du design au Canada et de la recherche industrielle en general. II s'interroge sur la facpn d'augmenter la comprehension et 1'interet des gestionnaires pour les phenomenes et le mecanisme de la creativite. II termine en proposant 1'alternative du design-management .
Silver / Orfevrerie Canada 2627 Jones, E.Alfred. Old Church Silver in Canada. Royal Society of Canada. Proceedings and Transactions / Societe royale du Canada. Memoires et comptes rendus, third series, section 2 12 (1918) 135-150.1918. p 135-150, En Early ecclesiastic and secular silver vessels intended for church use in the Maritimes and Upper and Lower Canada (now Ontario and Quebec) are examined here. The author attempts to date several pieces that were made available to him by 11 churches. 2628 Langdon, John. Early Silversmiths and Canadian Currency. Canadian Banker 45 no 2 (Jan 1938) 165-169. En The history of Canadian coinage is traced from 1683 to the 1830s, with the author noting that coins were often melted down for their gold and silver content. The silverware produced from this process included Indian trade silver, domestic plate, and sacred vessels. 2629 Barbeau, Marius. Indian Trade Silver. Royal Society of Canada. Proceedings and Transactions / Societe" royale du Canada. Memoires et comptes rendus, third series, section 2 34 (May 1940) 27-41. bibl, En For a discussion of the silver ornaments known as Indian trade silver, Barbeau quotes from research studies by Ramsay Traquair, Harrold Gillingham, and George Quimby. He scrutinizes the provenance of these articles and concludes that most were made for, rather than by (as had been proposed), North American Indians. The pieces came from silversmiths in England, the eastern American states, Montreal, and Quebec. Barbeau cites records to indicate types of pieces, quantities, and prices, and describes and deciphers the most common makers' marks. 2630 Barbeau, Marius. Old Canadian Silver. Canadian Geographical Journal 22 no 3 (Mar 1941) 150-162. 30 ill, En
Barbeau documents a 200-year history of Canadian silversmithing through its French and English phases, discussing the craftsmen and the production and distribution centres of Quebec City and Montreal (Que). Native traditions and motifs are outlined in the final section. 2631 Barbeau, Marius. Indian Trade Silver. Beaver 273 (Dec 1942) 10-14. 8 ill, En Barbeau cites 18th century written records in this outline of the use of ornamental silver brooches, pins, gorgets, earrings, and bracelets as trade goods. 2632 Piers, Harry. Master Goldsmiths and Silversmiths of Nova Scotia and Their Marks. Compiled from unfinished manuscript and notes (written between 1935-1940), with introduction and illustrations by Una B. Thomson and A.Matilda Strachan. Supplement and drawings by Donald C. Mackay. Halifax, NS: Antiquarian Club, 1948. 161 p, 60 ill, diagr, index, En Harry Piers's notes on Nova Scotia goldsmiths and silversmiths are brought together in a series of chapters: "Nova Scotian Goldsmiths and Silversmiths" (notes on 27 smiths of the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries), "Fluctuations in the Gold and Silversmithing Business in Nova Scotia" (primarily during the 19th and early 20th centuries), "Nationality or Origin of Nova Scotian Goldsmiths and Silversmiths," "Development of Place-Marks in Nova Scotia," and "By Whom Goldsmiths and Silversmiths Were Trained." A table of 60 marks is followed by known information on these marks. 2633 Langdon, John E. Canadian Silversmiths, 1700-1900. Toronto, Ont: John E. Langdon, 1966. xx,249 p, many ill, bibl, index, En. First edition, 1960, under the title Canadian Silversmiths & Their Marks, 1667-1867 A single alphabetical listing of silversmiths that expands the author's Canadian Silversmiths & Their Marks, 1667-1867. Langdon records workers active in the last half of the 19th century and identification marks on silver made between 1700 and 1900. Among the indexes is one of silversmiths' initials, one of punchmarks, and one of silversmiths listed by city or town of residence. Includes a short section on Indian trade silver. 2634 Webster, Donald Blake. Indian Trade Silver. Canadian Antiques Collector 2 no 7 (July 1967) 11-13. 5 ill, En Starting around 1760, a great deal of Indian trade silver was brought into Canada from Britain, France, and the United States. Very thin, flat, coin-silver sheets were used to make crescent-shaped or round medallion gorgets engraved with the British Royal Arms, animals, or tribal motifs; headbands, armbands, and bracelets with patterns pressed into the silver strips; small brooches of mostly pierced designs; and crosses for either chest or ear ornamentation. The height of Canadian-made trade-silver production was from 1790 to 1810, mostly by silversmiths in Montreal or Quebec City. 2635 Langdon, John E. Guide to Marks on Early Canadian Silver, 18th and 19th Centuries. Toronto, Ont: Ryerson Press, 1968. viii,104 p, many ill, En An alphabetical listing of more than 400 silversmiths' marks. In the foreword the major features and distinctions of Canadian marks are discussed in relation to French,
300 Decorative Arts / Arts decoratifs English, and other foreign traditions. A special supplement on the marks of Hendery and Leslie, a Montreal firm, is appended. 2636 Maison del Vecchio, Montreal. Nos orf evres nous sont contes: "La collection Henry Birks" d'argenterie canadienne / The Silver Thread Through Canadian History: The "Henry Birks Collection" of Canadian Silver. Montreal, Que: Maison del Vecchio, 1970. 20,20 p, 4 ill, Fr,En Ce catalogue decrit des pieces d'orfevrerie et des objets d'art produits ici entre 1650 et 1850 et presente une breve histoire de 1'argenterie au Canada. On y trouve une liste de plus de 280 pieces qui etaient utilisees a diverses fins dans les Maritimes, au Quebec et en Ontario. A descriptive catalogue of Canadian silverware and art objects produced from 1650 to 1850, with an outline of the history of Canadian silverware. The catalogue lists more than 280 items made for a variety of purposes in the Maritime provinces, Quebec, and Ontario. 2637 Unitt, Doris; Unitt, Peter. Canadian Silver, Silver Plate and Related Glass. Adrian Gatrill. Peterborough, Ont: Clock House, 1970. 256 p, many ill, bibl, En Adrian Gatrill introduces the Henry Birks Company collection of early Canadian silver, followed by photographs of other early silver from private collections. Sections on Canadian silver factories, silver plate, utensils (ice pitchers, napkin rings, butter dishes, and tea services), silversmiths, and merchants and manufacturers provide a photographic overview of Canadian silver and related examples of glasswork. 2638 Ignatieff, Helen. Ontario Silversmiths. Canadian Antiques Collector 6 no 5 (May 1971) 59-61. 6 ill, bibl, En Ignatieff suggests that 19th century Ontario silversmiths were mainly making everyday flatware, but they also made elaborate hollowware pieces on commission that were taken back to England by their owners. She pursues both of these ideas by looking at pieces by a number of 19th