Angular Correlation in the Reaction F19(p, α)O 16*(γ)O16

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ANGULAR CORRELATION IK THE REACTION "

F18 (». •> 016* « )

016

by a.*' 0

!c

Wayne R* Arnold

A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Physics in the Graduate College of the State University of Iowa June* 1950

ProQuest N um ber: 10991949

All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is d e p e n d e n t upon the quality of the copy subm itted. In the unlikely e v e n t that the a u thor did not send a c o m p le te m anuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if m aterial had to be rem oved, a n o te will ind ica te the deletion.

uest ProQuest 10991949 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). C opyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C o d e M icroform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 4 8 1 0 6 - 1346

The author expresses his sincere appreciation to Professor James JU Jacobs for his valuable suggestions throughout th© course of the experiment* He wishes to thank Mr* Robert B* Holland for suggesting the experiment and for his help in modifying the existing theory* Mr* Joseph Zajicek gave valuable assistance In operating the high voltage machine and in securing th® data*

Table of Contents

Chapter

Pag®

I. Introduction »•****•••«•«*>»-«« 11

Apparatus ««*»«•*««*««.«. * **«.

III

Procedure +*«****»«**•«»»*••«

X? ¥

Results Conclusions • Appendix - Calculation of Theoretical Cunres ****

ill

2&

Table of Illustrations Figure

Page

Is

Target Chamber and Detectors ,**o*0

5

2»

Experimental Eesults and Theore­ tical Curve* Horizontal Plane ****

15

Experimental Results In fertieal Plane »«• »•***«***.„*, ***«*.>*•**«««

16

3* 4*

Theoretical Curves for the Angular Correlation between Alpha Particles

and Gamma Bays

13

5s

Theoretical Curves for the Angular Correlation between Gamma Bays and Alpha Particles with Even Angular

6s

Theoretical Curves for the Angular Correlation' between Gamma Bays and Alpha Particles with Odd Angular

iv

fable of Tables table X« XX*

Page &x$erl&ei*tal Data **•*»».♦•**«»*« Coefficients of powers of eos 0 for the functions

XXX*

13

***»****•#»

2B

CJnnorMlised. Correlation Co­ efficients for 1(0) »*«»#««««**«

29

Y

I

Chapter I

IHTRODOCTXOI When Fluorine is bombarded with protons ©£ energies less than 500 Ker$ two reactions are obser^edi f W + Hl_* He£0%

F19 *

H®4 + 01®*?

016^-* O16 ♦ if" (60S H«t)

» He4 ♦ 016

I

II

At energies for the bombarding protons ©f slightly over 530 Rev* where reaction X shows a resonance* fan Allen and teith^ found that the thick target yield of reaction X is 4 9 x 10 alpha particles per micro coulomb of protons* with th® yield of reaction XX contributing less than 0*5 o/@* They also found that the angular distribution of both alpha particles and g&iama rays Is spherically sywnetrie to within £ o/o*

Spherical syrmetry means

eitherthat the incoming

protons

are s -w &y ® protons* that

the spin ofthe excited

state of 1©

is asero* or that the alpha particle is emit­

ted with aero angular momentum«

The latter two possibi­

lities are ruled out by the results of these angular correXation studies*

B* E* Hamilton* and C*

. ipm ^ '!67rrrrrMtffirrta ii.,y*riM)n|fri.'ww» ■n« j u i* a n ia W H .‘lMii n .

,,'t i j : : te " r i n m

Yang

i>mww hii"i> m

have shown wbwmh n y - i T i a i c 3 s * o w u will be the component of L in the particular direction L* V *4

will b® the angular momentum of the gamma ray will be the component of L ! ;“

4 gl

1*1

*3* * 1*2

~

Fop oup cases

*31 li s Jig * b.

I g * I ® + Is®

IB- * Big ♦ Oj,

Bg * IBg ♦ BSj,*

£4

If we start with a given state of Se , i.e* given

and

va^*xles# a**d go by alpha emission to a particular state of 0* with given

and ®g then the probability function

(*,) for finding an alpha

particle at an

respect to the direction of m ^

and

spherical harmonic

we now have a transition by

|

|.

If

photon emission from the same with jg and

state

to

givenby the

the 0state

the probability of finding the photon at an

angle 0g with respect to the 5 shown by Hamilton to be given by to

will be

angle8^ with

a

direction has been ' (0^) defined by

|j^VmUc *

* 0 and the factors G again become

This gives

£

(