African Energy Atlas 2020/2021 [2020/2021 ed.]

Citation preview

2020/2021 edition

africa-energy-atlas.com

African Energy Atlas Annual solar capacity increase

52%

Average time PPA  signing to operation

1,618 days wind

Share of global oil production

8.6%

Access to Electricity (2017)

53%

Generation 49,110MW Coal 36,061MW Hydro 18,854MW Liquid fuels 66,061MW Natural gas

Installed capacity

227GW

New capacity in 2019

9.6GW

Natural gas production

up by

4.8% ISSN 2046-0473

Power definitions Status:

Operating: plants that are producing electricity, even if this is substantially below maximum capacity. Construction: building work is ongoing at the site. African Energy Atlas 2020/2021

Editor Thalia Griffiths - [email protected]

Cartographer David Burles

Contributing Editors

Planned: any project which has not yet begun construction.This includes projects which are at a very early stage of development, such as identified hydro sites, as well as those which are much more advanced.The data tables shown under the maps refer only to projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

Dan Marks, John Hamilton, Jon Marks

Fuels:

Email: [email protected] Web: www.africa-energy.com

Natural gas: any plant fuelled by natural gas, whatever the source, including both LNG and pipeline gas. Liquid fuels: includes all fuel oils, crude oils, shale oil and liquid gases. Coal: technologies using coal as the original source of energy.

© 2020 Cross-border Information. All rights reserved. Data and information published in the African Energy Atlas is provided to Cross-border Information (CbI) by its staff and network of correspondents through extensive surveys of sources and published with the intention of being accurate. CbI cannot insure against or be held responsible for inaccuracies and assumes no liability for any loss whatsoever arising from use of such data. No portion of this publication may be photocopied, reproduced, retransmitted, put into a computer system or otherwise redistributed without prior authorisation from Cross-border Information. Registered office: 4 Bank Buildings, Station Road, Hastings, East Sussex TN34 1NG, UK. Directors: JJ Marks, JM Ford, JD Hamilton, NJ Carn, E Gillespie

About the Atlas

The power maps in the African Energy Atlas 2020/2021 are informed by African Energy Live Data, an industry-leading database with detailed entries on more than 6,500 power generation plants and projects. The Atlas is necessarily constrained in the number of projects that can be displayed. For more information please see the following note on power definitions and visit the African Energy website, where you may explore the interactive Live Data map. Cartographer David Burles has used a wide variety of other sources to craft the maps but while considerably more open source material is available to inform our maps and graphics than when the Atlas was first published in 2007, huge gaps remain to even the most fundamental data sets. We welcome positive and negative feedback, and data suggestions to enrich forthcoming editions. Please contact publishing director Nick Carn ([email protected]).

2

Nuclear: refers to technologies utilising the energy contained within the atomic structure of matter, including both fission and fusion. Hydroelectricity: any technology based on the movement or weight of water from a river or reservoir, including pumped storage. Solar: any technology producing electricity using energy from the sun. Wind: any technology producing electricity using energy from the wind. Geothermal: any plant using underground temperature differentials to produce power. Biomass: technology using organic matter as a feedstock, including biogas technologies. Other: includes combinations of fuels and hybrids where the individual capacities are not known, as well as ocean technologies, coal bed methane and industrial process heat.

Cover illustration Power generation data is taken from African Energy Live Data and is for end 2019, except average time from PPA signing to operation, which is based on all available information in the database. Electricity access data is sourced from the SEforALL/World Bank database. Oil and gas data is for 2018 and taken from the BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2019.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Contents

FOCUS Introduction On-grid generation capacity, Access to electricity African Energy Live Data Roads, railways, ports, airports Climate, population, income, fossil fuels, power generation Finance Political risk ratings Regional groupings Economic Africa Sovereign ratings Economic indicators by country Key energy trends

4 5 6 12 13 14 15 16 17 17 18 20

POWER National power companies Regional power pools Trends

21 21 22

North Africa Morocco Algeria Tunisia Libya Egypt The Mediterranean Basin

24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Sub-Saharan Africa West African Power Pool Southern Africa Power Pool Senegal, Mauritania, The Gambia, Guinea-Bissau Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cape Verde Côte d’Ivoire Ghana, Togo, Benin Nigeria Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad Rep. of Congo, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, STP Central African Power Pool Democratic Republic of Congo Sudan, South Sudan Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia Uganda Kenya Rwanda, Burundi, Malawi Eastern Africa Power Pool Tanzania Angola

32 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 40 41 42 43 43 44 45 46 47 48 48 49 50

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Namibia Zambia Zimbabwe Botswana Mozambique South Africa, eSwatini, Lesotho Madagascar, Indian Ocean islands

51 52 53 54 55 56 58

UPSTREAM OIL AND GAS National oil and gas companies and state regulators 59 Opec, GECF, EITI 59 North Africa Morocco Algeria Tunisia Libya Egypt

60 61 62 64 65 66

Sub-Saharan Africa Mauritania, Senegal, The Gambia Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Liberia Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Chad, Central African Rep. Côte d’Ivoire Ghana, Togo, Benin Cameroon Nigeria Niger Delta Equatorial Guinea, São Tomé and Príncipe Gabon Republic of Congo Democratic Republic of Congo Sudan, South Sudan Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti Somalia Angola Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi Kenya Tanzania Zambia, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Botswana Mozambique, Ruvuma Basin Namibia South Africa Madagascar, Indian Ocean

69 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96

DOWNSTREAM Primary energy demand projections Oil refineries, CTL and GTL plants Gas development and commerce

98 99 100 102

3

Introduction

Economies battle to accommodate carbon transition amid uncertainty Investors are being asked to provide unprecedented funding to help Africa tackle climate change and transition towards a post-carbon economy. The African Energy Atlas 2020/2021 seeks to provide an overview of trends in infrastructure and resources, along with an idea of some of the many policy challenges confronting the continent

T

he outlook for Africa was unusually positive when the last edition of the African Energy Atlas was published in 2018. “Peaceful political transitions, an upturn in natural resources prices and a broader range of investors entering electricity supply and other industries all point to the emergence of a more dynamic, mature continental economy,” the introduction asserted, marking the Atlas’s second decade of publication. Maps and graphics in this new edition similarly chart positive trends in politics, economic management, technological change and sustainable investment – not least the number of renewable energy schemes now under way – but even before the Covid-19 pandemic locked down the global economy, the trends recorded in Atlas 2020/2021 were far from a celebration of good news across the continent.

Africa’s needs remain huge and daunting: the African Development Bank calculates that upgrading the continent’s infrastructure needs some $130bn-$170bn/yr; the financing gap is $68bn-$108bn/yr (see Finance).There has been an upturn in private equity and some other investment, but they are nowhere near the levels that can start to address infrastructure shortfalls and lack of access to sustainable clean energy. Governance remains spotty, with some advances but also backward steps. Benin and Zambia were among the first countries to replace autocracy with democracy in 1991, as a bonus from the end of the Cold War, but are now ranked only ‘partly free’ by Freedom House. Indeed, the US advocacy group now ranks only five African polities in its highest ‘free’ category; by this metric some 20 states are still ‘not free’ at all. Short-term problems may be exacerbated by underlying weaknesses. As Atlas 2020/2021 was published, the coronavirus epidemic was spreading worldwide, while crude oil prices had hit record low levels, below even those of the 2007-08 global financial crisis. Coronavirus highlights global vulnerabilities that can floor interconnected economies. Even if Europe and the US have erected ever more barriers to migration, the outbreak has shown how walls alone cannot solve global problems. Africa’s rural exodus has created megacities like Lagos, Cairo and Kinshasa, whose populations live between extreme wealth and grinding poverty. Providing adequate services has become a defining political issue of the decade, as urban and peri-urban populations demand higher standards of education, health and access to energy from often creaking state bodies. Enlightened governments are seeking to rise to this challenge, by accelerating moves to create more investor-friendly and

4

innovative environments. Countries like Ghana and Kenya have dramatically raised access levels; Egypt, Morocco and South Africa (at least until its governance crisis) have developed structures to attract investment in solar power and other renewable energies. Mozambique’s efforts to work with IOCs mean its natural gas exports are set to take off while its northern neighbour Tanzania’s resources remain in the ground.

Governance moves The trend towards improved governance has continued its slow upward trajectory. Some of Africa’s old-school tyrants have departed – Zimbabwe’s Robert Mugabe died in 2019 and Egypt’s Hosni Mubarak in February 2020 – and a few leaders have been elected without drawing on traditional constituencies, such as Tunisia’s President Kais Saied. The removal of Jacob Zuma and his replacement as president by Cyril Ramaphosa helped stem a disastrous trend towards state capture in South Africa. In Nigeria, President Muhammadu Buhari can claim a few wins against the kleptocracy that so undermines Africa’s most populous country. But much remains to be done: South Africa is a better place after Zuma, but Ramaphosa has yet to reverse a decline that has taken Eskom from being one of the world’s top four power companies to the edge of collapse. Nigerian reforms have failed to make any impact on the oil industry and other drivers of extreme graft. A number of elderly rulers hang on after decades in power.While francophone West African countries are looking to mark their improving economic performance with a transition from the CFA franc to a new currency, the eco, their Central African counterparts remain mired in problems. Stability is a prized commodity, with violence involving jihadist militias wracking the Sahel – undermining hard-earned investment efforts by Burkina Faso and Mali, among others – and making Central African Republic all but ungovernable. Political transitions in Algeria and Sudan have yet to prove that established structures can be overthrown by popular movements, despite the creation of a civilian/military transitional government in Khartoum. Reforms since Abiy Ahmed became Ethiopia’s prime minister impressed sufficiently to win him the 2019 Nobel Peace Prize, but questions have emerged about the trajectory of change. On the resources front, major minerals and hydrocarbons plays have until now been driven by demand from China, and other industrialised nations. Africa played an important role in

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Section

TUNISIA 5,980

TUNISIA 100

MOROCCO

9,576

MOROCCO LIBYA

21,134

93

MAURITANIA

368

THE GAMBIA

GUINEA

MALI

667

NIGER

170

BURKINA FASO 402

SUDAN

3,941

CHAD

100

121

43

DJIBOUTI 143

50

TANZANIA

INSTALLED ON-GRID GENERATION CAPACITY, 2019 20,000MW + 5,000MW Ð 19,999MW 1,500MW Ð 4,999MW 500MW Ð 1,499MW 100MW Ð 499MW Less than 100MW

1,512

ANGOLA

5,715

COMOROS 41

MALAWI ZAMBIA 459

2,878

MAURITIUS MOZAMBIQUE 711 ZIMBABWE 2,875 NAMIBIA MADAGASCAR 2,294 622 734 BOTSWANA

795

SOUTH AFRICA

56,329

MAURITANIA SENEGAL

ERITREA 160

NIGERIA 647 CïTE ETHIOPIA GHANA 13,278 SOUTH DÕIVOIRE C.A.R. 4,270 SUDAN 5,059 2,179 25 CAMEROON 12 SOMALIA SIERRA LEONE 1,478 7 TOGO 201 158 UGANDA BENIN 226 KENYA 1,177 LIBERIA 148 SEYCHELLES GABON 2,788 109 709 DEM. REP. SÌO TOMƒ & RWANDA 186 REP. OF OF CONGO PRêNCIPE 37 CONGO BURUNDI 73 2,376 EQUAT. GUINEA 339 783 GUINEABISSAU

EGYPT

70

CAPE VERDE

SENEGAL

1,226

LIBYA

100

59,885

549

234

ALGERIA

EGYPT

10,890

(under UN mandate)

CAPE VERDE

128

100

ALGERIA

W Sahara

62

THE GAMBIA

MALI

43

ESWATINI 100

20

SUDAN

ERITREA 48

56

CHAD

11

DJIBOUTI 60 GUINEA NIGERIA 35 CïTE GUINEAETHIOPIA GHANA SOUTH 54 BISSAU DÕIVOIRE C.A.R. 44 SUDAN 79 26 66 30 CAMEROON 25 SOMALIA SIERRA LEONE 23 61 33 TOGO 48 UGANDA LIBERIA 21 BENIN 43 KENYA 22 SEYCHELLES GABON 64 100 92 DEM. REP. SÌO TOMƒ & RWANDA 34 REP. OF OF CONGO PRêNCIPE 73 CONGO BURUNDI 9 19 EQUAT. GUINEA 67 66 TANZANIA

56

PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION WITH ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY, 2017 91 Ð 100% 61 Ð 90% 31 Ð 60%

LESOTHO 76

NIGER

BURKINA FASO 25

16 Ð 30% 0 Ð 15% No data

33

COMOROS 80

MALAWI ZAMBIA 13

ANGOLA

42

40

MAURITIUS MOZAMBIQUE 98 27 ZIMBABWE NAMIBIA MADAGASCAR 40 53 24 BOTSWANA

63

SOUTH AFRICA

84

ESWATINI 74 LESOTHO 34

Source: African Energy Live Data © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Source: SEforAll, The Energy Progress Report 2019 © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Beijing’s rise to global power status, with China providing unprecedented levels of finance and infrastructure developments, in parallel with its appetite for natural resources. This means China now serves as the prism through which other nations define their relations with Africa.

electricity grids. However, even that could change as renewable technologies are increasingly supported by storage infrastructure, allowing surplus solar and wind to be used at night or during calm periods.

Growing strategic competition has become apparent during Donald Trump’s presidency, but involves more than just the US, China and former colonial powers. Newer players like Turkey, the UAE and Russia are making a mark on African conflicts and investment plays, while governments are increasingly realising they can use this competition to their advantage.

Carbon in transition The 2014 oil price crash caused havoc in many resource producers. Covid-19 and conflict between key producers – wrecking the historic 2016 deal between Opec states, led by Saudi Arabia, and non-Opec countries, led by Russia – floored the market in March 2020, just as oil-dependent economies like Republic of Congo were claiming some recovery. These developments could have long-term ramifications for oil prices and for the industry itself. Resources developers face longerterm problems in a world looking to tackle climate change by transiting out of carbon.While many producer governments are still in denial, their prized oil and coal reserves may never be developed. Many will be left with stranded assets, even if global oil consumption remains at around 100m b/d. As the carbon transition accelerates, rising electric car sales in wealthier economies will lead more oil giants to become renewables-focused – a trend already under way at majors such as BP, Eni, Shell and Total. Gas producers seem in a better position, as they supply the transition fuel necessary to balance

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Next-generation natural resource plays will be a feature of this changing market, even before hydrogen and other fuels emerge to further challenge hydrocarbons. Increased dependence on lithium batteries, cobalt, helium and other raw materials for new technologies will accentuate the growing competition between global corporations, China and other players for rare minerals. These are present in countries like Democratic Republic of Congo that have been wracked by resource wars in previous decades. While global industries enter a period of accelerated change, African governments will have to move prudently to avoid the same old problems re-emerging. The Atlas team The African Energy Atlas was created in 2007 to hold the growing store of cartographic materials built up by the African Energy newsletter, created in April 1998. It has since grown into a significant reference work covering African Energy’s core areas of interest: power, upstream oil and gas, downstream hydrocarbons and wider African finance and policy issues. This content is complemented by African Energy Live Data, an industry-leading database with entries on more than 6,500 power generation projects and an ambitious growth trajectory. Many of the maps in Atlas 2020/2021 are informed by Live Data, which along with a wide variety of other sources have been crafted into maps by cartographer David Burles. African Energy editor Thalia Griffiths leads the publication with articles from Griffiths, African Energy power editor Dan Marks, associate editor John Hamilton and editorial director Jon Marks.

5

African Energy Live Data ALL AFRICA ENERGY MIX (on-grid & distributed*) 62MW 0.1% 206MW 0.2% 13MW 0.01%

Natural gas Liquid fuels

522MW 0.5% 310MW 0.3% 12,470MW 12.4%

Natural gas & liquid fuels Coal

21,383MW 21.2%

Nuclear Hydroelectricity

1,828MW 1.8%

Solar Wind

7,739MW 7.7% 1,830MW 1.3%

2000

17,560MW 17.4%

38,758MW 38.4%

Geothermal

210MW 0.1% 1,084MW 0.7% 41MW 0.03%

26,021MW 18.0%

599MW 0.4% 559MW 0.4%

27,907MW 19.3%

2010 42,733MW 29.5%

835MW 0.4% 5,911MW 2.5% 5,628MW 2.4%

12,983MW 9.0%

30,872MW 21.3%

1,216MW 0.5% 871MW 0.4%

36,277MW 15.3% 1,830MW 0.8% 50,006MW 21.1%

67,433MW 28.4%

2019 21,483MW 9.0% 45,968MW 19.4%

Biomass / biogas

Source: African Energy Live Data © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Other**

SCORECARD FOR 2019

Installed capacity kept up with population?

YES

AFRICA

(4.4% / 2.4%)

North Africa

(5.0% / 1.9%)

West Africa

(4.8% / 2.7%)

Central Africa

(4.3% / 2.8%)

East Africa

(3.3% / 2.4%)

Southern Africa

(3.6% / 2.4%)

YES YES YES

YES YES

Increase in installed capacity growth rate?

NO

(4.4% / 9.0%)

NO

(5.0% / 16.7%)

YES

(4.8% / 2.3%)

YES

(4.3% / 3.2%)

NO

(3.3% / 8.0%)

YES

(3.6% / 2.5%)

Installed capacity kept up with GDP growth?

NO

(4.4% / 5.6%)

NO

(5.0% / 8.5%)

NO

(4.8% / 9.5%)

YES

(4.3% / 4.0%)

NO

(3.3% / 7.6%)

YES

(3.6% / 2.5%)

*only plants running exclusively on liquid fuels are included in this figure

The Africa scorecard uses data from African Energy Live Data to provide snapshots of the state of the electricity sector during 2019. It illustrates whether electricity generation is expanding at the same rate as population and GDP growth, whether renewable energy use is increasing and if the rate of increase is being sustained, and whether reliance on costly fuel oils is being reduced.

Proportion of renewables increased?

YES

YES

(6% / 5%)

YES NO

YES

NO

YES

NO

YES

NO

YES

NO

NO

(18% / 16%)

YES

(0% / 9.7%)

(14.2% / 14.8%)

YES

(15% / 12%)

YES

(25% / 18%)

NO

(25% / 25%)

(4.5% / 4.4%)

(25% / 18%)

(0.2% / 0.2%)

(63% / 62%)

NO

(45% / 48%)

(2.0% / 1.7%)

(65% / 65%)

(9.3% / 9.2%)

NO

(5% / 4%)

(20% / 20%)

NO

(23% / 20%)

YES

(10% / 8%)

Proportion of liquid fuels* decreased?

Increase in nonhydro renewables growth rate?

YES

(21% / 20%)

(27% / 29%)

NO

(6.5% / 6.5%)

NO

(3.5% / 5.1%)

(8.5% / 8.5%)

Sources: population and GDP from the International Monetary Fund (2020); African Energy Live Data © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

ALL AFRICA ENERGY MIX (on-grid & distributed), 2010Ð25 300,000 MW

All statistics were compiled before the impact of the coronavirus on the African power industry or economy could be assessed.

Proportion of nonhydro renewables increased?

* distributed includes off-grid and plants embedded within the grid but supplying third parties such as industries and mines. ** other includes combinations of fuels and hybrids where the individual capacities are not known, as well as ocean technologies, coal bed methane and industrial process heat.

275,000

Other Biomass/ biogas Geothermal Wind

The graphics contained in these pages from African Energy Live Data illustrate the many transitions that Africa is going through and that these are still only at an early stage. • The scorecard shows that the growth rate of non-hydropower renewable power continues to be exponential, with a year-onyear increase of 23% in 2019 compared to 20% in 2018.

250,000

Liquid fuels 200,000

• This hints at underlying transitions in market structure which have slowed the pace of growth. Attention has shifted to transmission and distribution, while many governments are looking to the private sector for investment and scaling back the role of state-owned enterprises.

125,000

6

Coal Natural gas & liquid fuels

175,000

• Regionally, North Africa will continue to be the largest market but other regions are set to gain in importance. West and Southern Africa have growing pipelines of projects which are here significantly underestimated because likely large

Hydroelectricity Nuclear

225,000

• Overall growth of installed capacity has slowed however, as can be seen from the scorecard, and the proportion of costly and polluting liquid fuels in the energy mix marginally increased.

• The graph on page 9 showing net capacity additions by ownership type shows that by 2022, more than half of new capacity additions in each region will be privately funded. Given the short lead times of private wind and solar plants this is likely to be an underestimate.

Solar

Natural gas

150,000

100,000

75,000

50,000

25,000

0 2010 11

Pipeline 12

13

14

Source: African Energy Live Data

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Overview Section

INSTALLED ON-GRID GENERATION CAPACITY BY COUNTRY AND FUEL, Q1 2020 G MW Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Congo, Dem. Rep. Congo, Rep. (Brazzaville) C™te dÕIvoire Djibouti Egypt Equatorial Guinea Eritrea eSwatini (Swaziland) Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda S‹o TomŽ & Pr’ncipe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa South Sudan Sudan Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Western Sahara* Zambia Zimbabwe North Africa Sub-Saharan Africa TOTAL *under UN mandate

Natural gas 20,062 500 20 Ð Ð Ð 267 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 534 657 Ð 21,179 154 Ð Ð Ð 336 Ð 1,026 Ð 18 Ð Ð Ð 3,606 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 1,479 458 Ð Ð 10,006 Ð Ð 24 Ð Ð Ð 19 Ð Ð 729 Ð 4,598 Ð Ð Ð Ð 50,924 14,747 65,671

L

2

C

Liquid Natural gas & Coal fuels liquid fuels 465 Ð Ð 95 1,732 Ð 147 59 Ð 90 105 600 Ð 330 Ð Ð 41 Ð Ð 384 Ð 197 Ð Ð 6 Ð Ð 120 Ð Ð 41 Ð Ð 13 Ð Ð 55 Ð Ð Ð 643 Ð 143 Ð Ð 1,290 31,542 Ð 29 24 Ð 153 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 96 Ð Ð 19 30 Ð 128 Ð Ð 750 1,659 Ð 281 Ð Ð 33 Ð Ð 742 Ð Ð 3 Ð Ð 60 Ð Ð 1,675 5,609 Ð 577 Ð Ð 141 Ð Ð 349 Ð Ð 180 122 Ð Ð 432 61 Ð 1,182 3,767 Ð 204 Ð Ð 23 120 Ð 163 Ð 1,329 Ð Ð Ð 84 Ð Ð 35 Ð Ð 1,040 Ð Ð 103 Ð Ð 106 Ð Ð 7 Ð Ð 3,548 43,052 Ð 12 Ð 487 1,541 Ð 120 100 Ð 120 48 Ð 1,043 Ð Ð Ð 120 Ð Ð 263 Ð Ð 105 300 Ð Ð 1,210 38,659 4,409 3,767 4,924 14,377 45,343 43,583 18,786 49,110

Ð indicates less than 1MW or zero

N

H

S

Nuclear

Hydroelectricity 216 3,387 Ð Ð 37 32 827 Ð 19 Ð Ð 2,357 194 879 Ð 2,832 127 Ð 60 3,817 324 Ð 1,580 366 Ð 828 73 88 Ð 137 318 318 Ð 61 1,757 2,183 347 Ð 1,938 93 3 Ð Ð 52 Ð 3,600 Ð 1,913 563 33 55 992 Ð 2,397 1,081 4,859 31,026 35,886

Solar

W Wind

366 Ð Ð Ð 35 Ð Ð 9 Ð Ð Ð 1 Ð Ð Ð 1,514 5 43 56 20 36 86 585 30 127 7 9 110 2,153 Ð Ð Ð Ð 10 54 80 77 3 2,556 2,860 5,415

10 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 29 Ð 1 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 1,388 Ð 7 Ð 324 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 336 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 30 13 806 Ð 5 Ð 5 Ð Ð 52 6 Ð Ð 2,118 Ð Ð Ð Ð 246 Ð 207 Ð Ð 2,656 2,925 5,581

15 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 1,800 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 15 1,800 1,815

Source: African Energy Live Data

procurement programmes in South Africa are not counted by Live Data until procurement is under way. • It is clear from page 10 that 2019 was a breakthrough year for solar power. Nearly 2GW was added while in previous years capacity additions have never exceeded 1GW.The market is also increasingly diverse, with large numbers of small projects and increasing numbers of small and medium projects.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

¤ Geothermal Biomass/ biogas Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 40 9 25 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 2 Ð Ð Ð Ð 823 3 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 22 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 38 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 1 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 0 1 831 129 831 130

Other

TOTAL

Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 5 Ð Ð Ð 140 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 37 Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð Ð 27 11 Ð Ð Ð 167 53 220

21,134 5,715 226 795 402 73 1,478 234 25 121 41 2,376 783 2,179 143 59,885 339 160 100 4,270 709 128 5,059 647 50 2,788 76 148 10,890 734 459 667 368 711 9,575 2,875 622 170 13,278 186 37 1,225 109 158 7 56,329 12 3,941 1,512 201 5,980 1,177 549 2,878 2,294 108,013 119,015 227,028

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

• Wind continues to make slower progress.The number of large projects continues to increase but there are fewer medium and smaller projects.This represents a problem for the wind industry, as it is more reliant on a few large markets and it has struggled to add new revenue streams in the way that solar has. In particular, it has so far been unable to take advantage of the burgeoning commercial and industrial market.

7

African Energy Live Data NET ANNUAL CAPACITY ADDITIONS BY REGION, 2010Ð25 40,000 MW 35,000

• North Africa remains by some way the largest market in Africa. This is illustrated by the to-scale graphics on this page. The region has seen a burst of activity in Egypt, adding large volumes of gas, solar and wind power to the grid. Morocco and Tunisia are also becoming major markets for solar power development, with wind programmes also significant.

North Africa West Africa

30,000

Central Africa

25,000

East Africa

20,000

Southern Africa

Pipeline

15,000 10,000 5,000 0

2010 11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

NORTH AFRICA ON-GRID ENERGY MIX, 2010Ð25 135,000 MW 130,000 125,000

West Africa Other Biomass/ biogas Wind

115,000

Solar

110,000

Hydroelectricity

100,000

Southern Africa Southern Africa

Coal

CENTRAL AFRICA ON-GRID ENERGY MIX, 2010Ð25

Natural gas & liquid fuels Liquid fuels

90,000

Natural gas

10,000 MW 5,000 0 2010 11

85,000

70,000

25,000 MW 20,000

65,000

15,000

60,000

10,000

55,000

5,000

75,000

0 2010 11

50,000 45,000

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

24

25

24

25

Pipeline 12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

SOUTHERN AFRICA ON-GRID ENERGY MIX, 2010Ð25

40,000

90,000 MW 85,000

35,000 30,000

80,000

25,000

75,000

20,000

70,000

15,000

65,000

10,000

60,000

5,000

55,000

Pipeline 12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

WEST AFRICA ON-GRID ENERGY MIX, 2010Ð25

50,000 45,000

40,000 MW 35,000

40,000

30,000

30,000

25,000

25,000

20,000

20,000

35,000

15,000

15,000

10,000

10,000

5,000

5,000

Pipeline 12

13

14

15

16

Source for all charts: African Energy Live Data

8

Pipeline 12

EAST AFRICA ON-GRID ENERGY MIX, 2010Ð25

80,000

0 2010 11

•New interconnections combined with pragmatic leadership and growing economies could see East Africa emerge as a significant market. The

Nuclear

95,000

0 2010 11

East Africa Central East Africa Central Africa Africa

Geothermal

120,000

105,000

• Central Africa continues to lag and the current pipeline suggests it will fall even further behind. Political instability, poor governance and weak economies prevent large-scale North Africa investment as well as deterring North Africa off-grid providers. West Africa

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

0 2010 11

Pipeline 12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Regional Section view

region is already emerging as a driver of innovative policy, and regulation and investment into renewable energy is increasing rapidly. It is a hub and incubator for the off-grid industry as well as having established a track record of utility and market reform. • Southern Africa is also set to see substantial investment in renewable energy. Solar, wind and hydropower in particular are likely to increase substantially while coal capacity is set to decrease as existing plants in South Africa are decommissioned. • West Africa has been hampered by poor policy making resulting in inefficient grids unable to support major industrial demand. The region is a major target for commercial and industrial developers supporting industry and mines using diesel to manage sporadic grid supply. The region is in danger of missing out on low cost renewable energy which could offset the cost of expensive thermal power. Greater regional interconnectivity may help in this regard, particularly by introducing policy and regulatory competition. • The graphic below illustrates the slow and patchy growth of private sector investment on the continent over the decade. State-owned investment has been much more significant and also grew more rapidly until 2019. • There are significant time lags in power sector development given the average development time on the continent, which is believed to be around seven years. A long period of reform is

Identify power plants and analyse markets African Energy Live Data is a live-updated online database featuring more than 6,500 power plants and projects across Africa. • Identify owners, developers, offtakers, financiers and their portfolio of projects and find opportunities for investment and sales • Support strategic planning by analysing trends by country from 2010 alongside key economic & demographic statistics Contact Alex Wark for a demonstration. E: [email protected] www.africa-energy.com/database

starting to pay off, with 2019 showing more private than public investment in generation in both East and West Africa. • The pipeline shows that the private sector will become the leading source of investment into generation from 2022. This creates new challenges, such as the need to move away from government guarantees through market and utility reform. Focus in the past has been on creating independent power producer and public-private partnership frameworks and credible procurement programmes. Moving forwards, governments will be pushed to create financially viable and efficient markets capable of generating and growing the revenues needed to support private investment.

NET ANNUAL CAPACITY ADDITIONS BY OWNERSHIP TYPE AND REGION (on-grid and distributed), 2010Ð25 15,000

15,000 MW

MW

NET ANNUAL CAPACITY ADDITIONS BY OWNERSHIP TYPE (on-grid and distributed), 2010Ð19

14,000 13,000

Rental

20,000 MW 15,000

12,000

14,000

N W C E S

State owned Privately owned

North Africa West Africa Central Africa East Africa Southern Africa

Rental 13,000

State owned Privately owned

12,000

10,000

11,000

11,000

5,000 10,000

0

10,000 2010 11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

9,000

9,000

8,000

8,000

7,000

7,000

6,000

6,000

5,000

5,000

4,000

4,000

3,000

3,000

2,000

2,000

Pipeline

1,000

1,000

0 Ð1,000

0

NWC E S

2010

NWC E S

2011

NWC E S

2012

NWC E S

2013

NWC E S

2014

NWC E S

2015

Source for both charts: African Energy Live Data

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

NWC E S

2016

NWC E S

2017

NWC E S

2018

NWC E S

2019

NWC E S

2020

NWC E S

2021

NWC E S

2022

NWC E S

2023

NWC E S

2024

NWC E S

Ð1,000

2025

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

9

African Energy Live Data SOLAR CAPACITY ADDITIONS BY PROJECT SIZE, 2010Ð19 2,000 MW 1,900

50MW+

1,800

10 Ð 20MW

1,700

5 Ð 10MW

• Solar and wind continue to make inroads into African markets as they become the cheapest source of energy and a useful complement to grids overly reliant on seasonal hydropower or costly thermal power.

20 Ð 50MW

• 2019 saw a step change in solar investment, where the capacity added more than doubled to nearly 2GW in one year, around 20% of all new capacity. Prior to the coronavirus, similar capacity additions were expected in the years 2020-2022.

Less than 5MW

1,600 1,500 1,400

• Medium-large capacity solar projects remain the most valuable market, boosted in 2019 by the commissioning of many 50MW projects at Benban in Egypt.The 50MW+ market was the most valuable 2013-2018, led by procurement in South Africa.

1,300 1,200 1,100 1,000

• Small and micro solar projects less than 20MW is a growing market representing more than 250MW in 2019. This is an underestimate due to the lack of data on projects smaller than 1MW. 10-20MW is an emerging market with significant potential in Africa due to the possibility of locating these projects close to demand centres without major grid upgrades and lower impact on government balance sheets. Projects in the 5-10MW range have been constrained by high development costs relative to returns.

900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

NUMBER OF SOLAR PROJECTS ADDED BY SIZE, 2010Ð19 100

• There has been very strong growth in the 0-5MW solar market, which is dominated by commercial and industrial (C&I) plants. Several private equity funds have made C&I their first investment as it offers a potentially quicker and better diversified route to project portfolios with total installed capacity comparable to a utility-scale plant.

50MW+

95

WIND CAPACITY ADDITIONS BY PROJECT SIZE, 2010Ð19

20 Ð 50MW 5 Ð 20MW

90

Less than 5MW

85 80

1,200 MW 1,100

200MW+

1,000

50 Ð 100MW

100 Ð 200MW Less than 50MW

900

75

800

70

700

65

600 60 500 55

400

50

300

45

200

40

100

35

0

30

25

20

20

15

15

10

10

5

5 2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

Source for all charts: African Energy Live Data

10

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

NUMBER OF WIND PROJECTS ADDED BY SIZE, 2010Ð19

25

0

2010

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

0

200MW+ 100 Ð 200MW 50 Ð 100MW Less than 50MW

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Solar and Section wind AVERAGE SOLAR DEVELOPMENT TIMELINES BY PROCUREMENT PROGRAMME Preferred bidder to PPA

PPA to financial close

Financial close to start of construction

Start of construction to operation

Morocco Noor Ouarzazate I CSP 223 days

56 days

951 days

15

Morocco Noor Ouarzazate II & III CSP 60 days

70

286 days

914 days

Egypt Solar FiT Round I PV 429 days

15 163 days

508 days

Egypt Solar FiT Round II PV 196 days

128 days 164 days

476 days

Zambia Scaling Solar Round I PV 1,058 days

333 days

1

372 days

South Africa REIPPP1 PV 334 days

508 days

109

South Africa REIPPP2 PV 353 days

23 83

602 days

South Africa REIPPP3 PV 296 days

29

437 days

610 days

South Africa REIPPP4 PV (expected) 1,058 days

98

211 days

664 days

AFRICA SOLAR ON-GRID AVERAGE 225 days

149 days

422 days

AVERAGE WIND DEVELOPMENT TIMELINES BY PROCUREMENT PROGRAMME Preferred bidder to PPA

PPA to financial close

Financial close to start of construction

Start of construction to operation

South Africa REIPPP1 334 days

97

552

South Africa REIPPP2 353 days

19

333 days

612 days

South Africa REIPPP3 424 days

88

808 days

South Africa REIPPP4 (expected) 1,053 days

121 days

225 days

765 days

AFRICA WIND ON-GRID AVERAGE 718 days Source for both charts: African Energy Live Data

192 days

708 days © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

• The wind power market has become more concentrated, failing to achieve consistent growth. While large-scale projects offering very low tariffs have become more prevalent in more developed markets, investment into smaller and medium sized projects has diminished.

bidder to operation has increased in every round, from 951 days in round 1 for solar to 2,031 days in round 4. For wind it increased from 983 days to 2,164 days. This time does not include the preparation of projects for bidding, an intensive process in South Africa.

• The result is an over-reliance on a few large markets. Countries with smaller grids have been unable to access the potentially very low cost technology. This is often due to poor wind resources but in many countries because of difficult logistics and a lack of institutional capacity and policy.

• In South Africa, solar projects selected in rounds 3 and 4 took longer to move from the signing of key agreements to commercial operations than the African average. This is true of most of the Egyptian solar feed-in tariff projects.

• The graphic above compares the timelines of several high profile procurement programmes. One of the aims of the procurement programmes was to speed up delivery of projects, as well as reduce the cost of power.

• The growing inefficiency of the South African process is illustrated by the fact that the large and more complex concentrated solar projects procured in Morocco were delivered within a comparable timeframe, despite construction delays.

• Although prices fell over rounds in nearly all cases – partly as a result of the falling cost of technology and partly greater experience and more developed supply chains in-country – timelines have more often lengthened.

• For wind, however, it is clear that procurement programmes have substantially reduced development time from signing key agreements to commercial operation. In fact, in all but round 4 in South Africa the entire process from selection as a preferred bidder to operation was quicker than the average time from agreement signing to commercial operation on the continent.

• In South Africa, despite procurement of new capacity becoming more urgent, the time from selection as a preferred

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

11

African connections: Roads, railways, ports, airports ALGERIAÕS EAST-WEST HIGHWAY (A1)

TangerMed Oran Tangier KŽnitra Oujda RABAT Casablanca Fs t a n M O RO CCO Jorf Lasfar o u Marrakech s M

ALGERIA

a

Ni l

LIBREVILLE

EQUATOR

Port-Gentil Annob—n

GABON Franceville

(Eq. Guinea)

BENIN BACKBONE PROJECT

Includes a new Sm-Krak airport to serve southern Nigeria and Benin, rehabilitation of the Cotonou-Parakou railway and construction of an international standard gauge railway linking Parakou with Niamey.

NIGERIA RAIL

P

SÌO TOMƒ

Proposed rail links taking minerals to a planned deep-water port SE of Conakry.

OuŽsso

(BR . OF

TRANSGUINEAN RAILWAYS

GUINEA

Co AZZA CO N ng V I L G O LE) o

SÌO TOMƒ & PRêNCIPE

BRAZZAVILLE

Pointe-Noire Cabinda (Ang.)

Matadi

Mbandaka

JUBA

Nile

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC PORTO- Port Harcourt NOVO Douala BANGUI UŽlŽ MALABO Buta EQUAT. YAOUNDƒ Bumba

te

r Se ko Ta

Abidjan

Sarh

W hi

Kumasi

Nyala

CAMEROON

Lagos Enugu

ASMARA

Mekele Assab Gedaref Gonder DJIBOUTI L.Tana DJIBOUTI Bosaso Weldiya ile VILLE Berbera Malakal ADDIS Awash Dire Hargeisa Dawa ABABA Garowe Wau o ETHIOPIA SOUTH SUDAN Om Kosti

A

Kaduna

Massawa

Wad Medani

SUDAN

Chinese-funded projects include three ports, two airports and a water pipeline from Ethiopia, as well as a Chinese military base.

ERITREA

Kassala

KHARTOUM

Maiduguri C

e BENIN nu TOGO IbadanABUJA Be

ƒ M LOma A R Te C diACkon adi

Blaise Diagne International Airport opened in December 2017. Costing $575m, it has a capacity of 10m passengers /yr.

NIGERIA

El Fasher

AbŽchŽ

NÕDJAMENA

Kano

L.Volta

YAMOUSSOUKRO

LIBERIA

Parakou

CHAD L.Chad

ri

SIERRA LEONE

DJIBOUTI Atbara

Zinder

Sokoto

AfricaÕs second electric railway began operations in 2016, linking Addis Ababa with DjiboutiÕs new Doraleh Multipurpose Port.

e

NIGER

NIAMEY

ETHIOPIA-DJIBOUTI RAILWAY

N

GHANA

CïTE

MONROVIA DAKARÕS NEW AIRPORT

Gao

A standard gauge railway running north from Awash to Weldiya and Mekele is being built.

Port Sudan

Agadez

OUAGADOUGOU

NzŽrŽkorŽ DÕIVOIRE

Wadi Halfa

ETHIOPIAN RAILWAYS

e

Bobo Dioulasso Kankan

AlKufra

ha

CONAKRY FREETOWN

Bole International Airport has been expanded to triple its capacity. A new terminal opened in January 2019 can accommodate up to 22m passengers/yr.

Blu

GUINEA-BISSAU

a

Arlit

BURKINA FASO

BAMAKO

GUINEA

ADDIS ABABA AIRPORT

LI

Timbuktu

SENEGAL Kayes Kound‰ra

r

TŽnŽrŽ

MALI

NŽma

BISSAU

a

Tamanrasset

MA U R ITA N IA

BANJUL THE GAMBIA

h

Bordj Mokhtar

St-Louis

DAKAR

LIBYA

Ghat

t ser D e

S

er Nig

PRAIA

Sabha

In AmŽnas

Reggane

n ya

Sal

Damietta Port Said Suez Sinai Sharm Minya el-Sheikh Hurghada Safaga E G Y P T Luxor Marsa Alam Aswan Abu L.Nasser Simbel

Alexandria

Giza

Atar

NOUAKCHOTT

KNIA began construction in 2019; it will have a capacity of approximately 7.5m passengers /yr.

Tobruk

Benghazi

ib

CAPE VERDE

TRIPOLI

Gharda•a

CAIRO

ZouŽrat

Nouadhibou

KHARTOUM NEW INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

Sfax Jerba

a t l

(under UN mandate)

TROPIC OF CANCER

Tozeur

A

A

TUNIS TUNISIA

L

Ancient trade routes that crossed the Sahara Desert Agadir have been adapted for formal and informal trade, including a variety of smuggling networks. El Ayoun Western Sahara

s i n Biskra

The construction of five new airports was announced in 2017: Sphinx International Airport in Giza, New Capital Airport, Bredwell Airport in Sinai, South Red Sea Airport and Ras Sidr Airport. Japan is funding a new passenger terminal at AlexandriaÕs Borg El Arab International Airport.

Bizerte Cap Bon

RE

TRANS-SAHARAN TRADE ROUTES

Constantine

NEW EGYPTIAN AIRPORTS

Lokichokio

Gulu Isiro L.Albert UGANDA Kisangani Bunia KAMPALA Entebbe L.Edward Kisumu

M

ALGIERS Beja•a Annaba

AfricaÕs first high-speed rail service, Al-Boraq, linking Casablanca with Tangier opened in 2019.

A 700 km 2 development 45km east of Cairo with an international airport is planned to accommodate 5m and become EgyptÕs new administrative capital; developed by the government and the military.

Moyale

L.Turkana

O

MOROCCO HIGH-SPEED RAIL

EGYPTÕS NEW CAPITAL CITY

A six-lane 1,200km road running from the Moroccan border to the Tunisian border built by Chinese (west and central sections) and Japanese (east) consortia.

Juba

SINGLE AFRICAN AIR TRANSPORT MARKET

SAATM is a flagship project of the AUÕs Agenda 2063 and aims to create a single unified air transport market in Africa, liberalise civil aviation and act as an impetus to the continentÕs economic integration agenda. Officially launched in January 2018 with 23 countries as starting participants.

S

KENYAN RAIL

Standard gauge railway from Mombasa to Suswa via Nairobi and Embakasi inland container depot, with proposed extensions to Kisumu and the Ugandan border.

MOGADISHU EAST AFRICAN INFRASTRUCTURE KEN YA

Projects include the East RWANDA KIGALI Lake NAIROBI Kismayo African Railways Master Plan and Lamu Port-South SudanLamu Victoria Ethiopia Transport (LAPSSET) Mwanza Kilimanjaro Corridor. Ilebo BUJUMBURA BURUNDI Praslin Mombasa Arusha

Ikela

DEMOCRATIC L.Kivu Kindu Bukavu REPUBLIC

Kas a•

KINSHASAOF CONGO Kananga

MbujiMayi

Kigoma L.Tanganyika Kalemie DODOMA

Tanga

TANZANIA

Pemba I. Zanzibar I. Bagamoyo Dar es Salaam Mafia I.

VICTORIA

MahŽ

SEYCHELLES

TANZANIAN PORTS

Dar es Salaam port is being L. Mweru Mbeya Mbala expanded, while a $10bn new port and free trade zone Mtwara Tenke Kasama Songea A N G O L A Luau MORONI is planned at Bagamoyo. CopperLubumbashi belt MALAWI Kuito Lobito Lake Malawi Antsiranana COMOROS Luena Solwezi Benguela LEKKI DEEP SEA PORT Ndola LILONGWE(L.Nyasa) Pemba Mayotte Huambo Construction has begun on developing new container and berth facilities in Lagos Z A M B I A Lubango (Fr.) Nacala Menongue Free Trade Zone by Singapore-based Tolaram GroupÕs Lekki Port LFTZ Enterprise. Namibe Kuvango Zambezi Mongu LUSAKA Nampula Blantyre Mahajanga Tete Caprivi KRIBI PORT & INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX Livingstone Strip UE HARARE MADAGASCAR China Harbour Engineering Company are building a new deep-sea port and associated

BENGUELA RAILWAY

3

NAMIBIA

Maun

ZIMBABWE

Bulawayo Francistown BOTSWANA popo m Musina

Q

Beira

Toamasina

ANTANANARIVO

MAURITIUS

Antsirabe

Fianarantsoa

PORT-LOUIS Mananjary

RŽunion

9 4 3 © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Li

Mombasa

9

Lobito

12

Tsumeb

Walvis (Fr.) A network of transport corridors Bay Toliara WINDHOEK linking NamibiaÕs largest port with: TROPIC OF CAPRICORN Inhambane GABORONE 1. SOUTH AFRICA: PRETORIA TRANS-ORANJE, to Pretoria/ Taolanaro MAPUTO Johannesburg Ermelo Johannesburg via Upington, LŸderitz ESWATINI Uping Vryburg M with a link to LŸderitz; B ABA ton al NE TRANS-KALAHARI, to Pretoria/ Kimberley Va MASERU Richards Bay Johannesburg via Botswana. A railway Algiers Pietermaritzburg Orange to export Botswanan coal is proposed, Bloemfontein Springbok LESOTHO Durban Tripoli to run alongside the highway. SOUTH 1 2. ZAMBIA: TRANS-CAPRIVI, 1 Cairo TAZARA RAILWAY A F R I C A a strong competitor to the Tazara East Built with Chinese assistance in the 1970s to link Zambia with Saldanha London Oudtshoorn railway for Zambian and DRC copper 2 3 Dar es Salaam, avoiding Zimbabwe and South Africa. 4 Cape Town exports. Port Elizabeth 3. ANGOLA: TRANS-CUNENE. Cape of Mossel Bay MOZAMBIQUEÕS CORRIDORS Cape Good Hope NACALA CORRIDOR: Linking Malawi to the sea and the new Agulhas Wad Medani Nacala-a-Velha port, the outlet for Moatize coal exports. 5 5 6 6 Djibouti Ville BEIRA CORRIDOR: An important gateway for landlocked Kano NÕDjamena countries to the west of Mozambique. Gonder NORTH-SOUTH CORRIDOR 7 8 MAPUTO CORRIDOR: Linking South AfricaÕs industrial 4 A Comesa initiative comprising a road and rail network of over heartland with the deepwater ports of Maputo and Matola. Lagos 10,000km, linking eight countries in Southern and Central Africa 8 A port at Techobanine, south of Maputo, has been proposed ( ) with the aim of strengthening cross-border trade and tourism. to export coal from Botswana. Nairobi

Linking the port of Lobito with the DRC, it provided an export route for Zambian and Congolese copper during the mid-20th century. Heavily damaged during the Angolan civil war (1975-2002), a new line has been built with Chinese help. The Lobito-Luau section opened in 2015 and a full service from Tenke began in 2018.

Dakar

WALVIS BAY CORRIDORS

Saurimo Kamina

I

infrastructure on the southern Cameroonian coast, opening the regionÕs minerals, cotton and other commodities to the worldÕs markets. A railway linking Kribi to southern CameroonÕs Mbalam iron ore deposit is also being developed.

Malanje

MB

LUANDA

MOZA

Abuja-Kaduna railway opened in 2016, part of a CCECC contract to equip the Lagos-Kano route with modern standard gauge rail. The same company is building the Lagos-Calabar highway. Future Port Harcourt-Maiduguri and Lagos-Calabar rail lines are being supported by Russia.

Cape Town

Beira

TRANS-AFRICAN HIGHWAYS (TAH)

An international programme to develop a transcontinental road network. NORTH-SOUTH ROUTES: TAH-2: Algiers-Agadez-Lagos (Trans-Sahara) TAH-3: Tripoli-NÕDjamena-Kinshasa-Windhoek-Cape Town TAH-4: Cairo-Khartoum-Addis Ababa-Nairobi-Lusaka-Gaborone-Cape Town EAST-WEST ROUTES: TAH-1: Cairo-Tripoli-Algiers-Rabat-Dakar TAH-5: Dakar-Bamako-NÕDjamena TAH-6: NÕDjamena-Djibouti TAH-7: Dakar-Freetown-Abidjan-Lagos TAH-8: Lagos-YaoundŽ-Bangui-Kisangani-Nairobi-Mombasa TAH-9: Lobito-Lubumbashi-Harare-Beira

National boundary Principal road Main railway Busiest airports, Feb 2020 (20+ scheduled passenger flights, daily average) Source: flightsfrom.com

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Climate, population, income, fossil fuels, power generation

50

0

J FMAM J J A S OND

0

0

MAURITANIA CAPE Nouakchott VERDE

Bamako

THE GAMBIA

BAMAKO MALI 300 mm

Douala

250

150 100 Elevation: 9m

Elevation: 13m

150 mm 100

150

Tropical zone with dry seasons

20

100 50

0

0

0

0

J FMAM J J A S OND

Seasonal variation in temperature and rainfall, long dry seasons

Equatorial zone

Gulf of Gabs

El B orm a

Illizi

MSG

Greater Birallah Greater Tortue Ahmeyim Yakaar-Teranga Sangomar

Zohr

Nile Delta

Ghadames Basin

Western Desert

Sirte Basin

Gulf of Suez

Major coal/lignite deposits

SIRTE BASIN

Major shale gas basins

Agadem

BC

Niger Delta (Akata-Agbada)

OIL

Anambra

Foxtrot Jubilee, Sankofa TEN Alba

Rest of world 91.4%

Doba

OgoouŽ Delta EtamŽ

Luena

Luangwa Maamba

Morupule (coalbed methane) Highveld

Kudu

COAL

Rest of world 96.0%

Moatize

Niassa Province

Ibhubesi Molteno

ansberg Soutp Pande, Temane Mmamab ula, Springbok Waterberg Flats Ermelo, Witb ank KwaZulu-Natal

KAROO BASIN of which: prospective area

Bredasdorp Basin

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

35

57 37

51

Egbin Lekki

17

Cairo, Nile Delta, Port Said Zafarana Ras Gharib-Zeit Bay El Hamrawein

Port Sudan, Arkyiai Dagash, Shereik

Bujagali, Owen Falls BoouŽ Grand Poubara Kisangani Sounda Ruzizi Zongo Inga

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Lake Turkana, Bubisa Rift Valley Tana River

Olkaria

Upper Lualaba

Ruacana

Cahora Bassa, Mphanda Nkuwa Kafue, Kariba Hwange

Batoka Gorge, DevilÕs Gorge

Hydroelectricity

Geothermal

Adama, Debre Birhan Awash, Koka Melka Wakena

Mombasa Mkumbura Dar es Salaam

Kidatu, Kihansi, StieglerÕs Gorge

Kwanza River

Major power generation centres (existing and proposed)

Solar

Ashegoda Awash Valley

Baro, Geba Gilgel Gibe, Noun River Halale-Werabesa Turkw Lower Sanaga River el Victoria Nile Chollet

Luanda

Wind

Tekeze

Tana-Beles, Tis Abay Grand Renaissance

Soyo (ALNG)

Nuclear

30

Mambilla

Tema Niger Delta

Thermal power (coal, oil, gas)

Rest of Africa

57

38

Bizerte Sidi Daoud

Jebba, Kainji Shiroro

Offshore S Tanzania Offshore Ruvuma Basin

46

Khartoum

Songo Songo

Sengwa Hwange

Africa 4.0%

Annaba, Skikda

Africa total: 1,318.3m

66

Dakar

Aboadze

Mnazi Bay

Country populations, mid-2019 (millions)

Merowe

KalŽta, Souapiti

Ruhuhu

Port Elizabeth

Dal, Kajbar

Kossou Abidjan

SongweKiwira

Durban

Tunis Al-Khums, MohammŽdia A•n Beni Mathar Darnah Tripoli Jorf Lasfar El TuNur Daba Afourer Hassi Essaouira Misratah, Benghazi RÕMel Abdelmoumen Tarhuna Hassi Sirte Ouarzazate Messaoud Akhfennir Sebkhate Tah Kureimat Boujdour, Foum Al-Oued Kom Ombo Aswan

Manantali

MAURITIUS RŽunion (Fr.)

Sources: AfDB, AUC & ECA, African Statistical Yearbook 2019; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2018), World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision

Pointe-Noire

Cabinda Lower Congo Basin Kwanza Basin

Rest of world 93.9%

28 24

Mui Basin

Emeraude, Loango

Africa 6.1%

GAS

Allal El Fassi, Al-Wahda Algiers Oran Tangier, TŽtouan

S Lokichar Basin

Lake Albert Basin

Okume

35

POWER GENERATION

Muglad Basin

Rio del Rey Basin

45

21

Cape Verde

Antananarivo MADAGASCAR

LESOTHO

73

67

Melut Basin

as

in

Cape Town

U

Mayotte (Fr.)

E

Pretoria Matola Ekurhuleni Maputo ESWATINI

SOUTH AF R I C A

bo om os a Ak zem N

B

Fula

Africa 8.6%

Major oil/gas areas and recent significant discoveries

BOTSWAN A

Johannesburg 5.8m

43

High rainfall and temperatures, short dry season

High temperatures all year, high rainfall, short dry season, if at all

Basin Murzuq TINDOUF Sahara fields BASIN Basin GHADAMES BASIN

Production in 2018:

NAMIBIA

51% urban

Humid tropical zone

FOSSIL FUELS Hassi RÕMel Hassi Messaoud Berkine Basin

ig 20 eria 1. 0

seasonal variation, high temperatures

MALAWI Lilongwe

Harare ZIMBABWE

$0 Ð $700 No data

COMOROS

Lubumbashi ZAMBI A Lusaka

$1,501 Ð $3,000

Low rainfall but great

200

10

TADLA BASIN

$701 Ð $1,500

40 ûC 30

50

Jerada

Desert zone

Sahelian zone

250

10 J FMAM J J A S OND

$3,001 Ð $6,000

Very high daytime temperatures, very little precipitation

300

0

J FMAM J J A S OND

CAPE TOWN S AFRICA 30 ûC 20

350

Cape Town

UGANDA Mogadishu Kisangani Kampala KENYA Kigali DEM. Nairobi REP. OF Bukavu RWANDA SEYCHELLES CONGO Mombasa BURUNDI Kananga TANZANIA Dar es Salaam MbujiMayi 6.7m

A N GOL A

Mediterranean zone

N

0

Luanda 8.3m

GDP per capita, 2018

Hot dry summers, mild wet winters

50

10

Brazzaville Pointe-Noire

Kinshasa 14.3m

US $6,001 +

100

SOUTH SUDAN

0.5 Ð 1.0 million

150

30 ûC 20

GABON

1.0 Ð 4.9 million (named)

500

250 mm 200

CENTRAL AFRICAN REP.

(named in bold, and with figures)

550

Elevation: 1,155m

DJIBOUTI Addis Ababa ETH I OP I A

M ola 36 o . G zam 31. 6 8 h M ana biq a u C da 30 e 3 ™ g . C te asc1 1.4 a d N me ÕIvo ar 2 i g ro i 7 Bu er 2 on re 2 .0 rk 1. 25 5. in 4 .3 5 a Fa so 20 .3

J FMAM J J A S OND

ENTEBBE UGANDA

ERITREA

NÕDjamena

5.0 million +

600 mm

0

Nnewi Onitsha Port Harcourt Uyo

Urban agglomerations: estimated populations, 2020

DOUALA CAMEROON

50

Kano

11 0. 1 t1 0 1. De 2 of mo C c ra o t Ta ngo ic R nz 86 ep a . . So nia 7 60 ut h . Ke Af 9 ny ric U a5 a5 ga 2 8. 1 Al nd .2 ge a Su ria 45. d 4 7 M an 2.7 o 4 An roc 2. g co 5

10

N On PH U

op ia

20

0

Sources: UNEP (2008), Africa: Atlas of Our Changing Environment; weatherbase.com

Entebbe

200

hi

40 ûC 30

Khartoum 5.8m

CHAD

Niamey

BURKINA FASO

Kd GUINEA-BISSAU GUINEA BE. Conakry GH. TO. Abuja CïTE Freetown N I GER I A DÕIVOIRE Abomey Ib On SIERRA LEONE Kumasi B N CAMEROON Monrovia A Aba A L Abidjan B Benin City LIBERIA 5.2m Lagos PHUDouala Ib Ibadan YaoundŽ Accra 14.4m EQ. Kd Kaduna GUINEA SÌO TOMƒ & PRêNCIPE L LomŽ

Et

Elevation: 381m

Bamako

S UDA N

N I GER

MAL I Dakar SENEGAL Ouagadougou

Khartoum

yp

J FMAM J J A S OND

EGYP T

Western Sahara (under UN mandate)

Eg

0

L I B YA

LIA

10

Cairo 20.9m

AL GER I A

MA

100 mm

SO

20

50

10

Alexandria 5.3m

Tripoli

Marrakech MOROCCO

IQ

100 mm

20

Tunis TUNISIA

Fs

Casablanca

MB

Sabha

Algiers

Tangier Rabat

40 ûC 30

Elevation: 440m

MOZA

SABHA LIBYA 40 ûC 30

POPULATION AND INCOME

Ave. daily max. temp. Ave. daily min. temp. KHARTOUM SUDAN Ave. precipitation Elevation: 379m

REP . (BRA O F C O ZZA N G VIL O L E)

CLIMATE ZONES

Walvis Bay Upington

Morupule Mmamabula

Moatize Chicamba, Mavuzi

Ikopa River Port Louis Mania River

ba, Medupi Matim batse Tu Maputo Gauteng & Mpumalanga provinces Ingula Lesotho Highlands Gariep, Vanderkloof

Kathu, Jasper Uping Pofadde ton r Oranjemund LŸderitz

De Aar, Prieska Sere (Koekenaap) Kouga East London Koeberg Coega (Port Elizabeth) Cape Town Mossel Bay

13

Finance

Financiers see huge potential but bottlenecks frustrate as debt rises again Huge figures are bandied about for infrastructure costs and for the funds to support the carbon transition. But while financiers have money for well-structured projects, a potential revolution in energy investment is held back by lack of capacity, moribund markets and governance shortfalls, while heavily indebted resource-dependent economies remain as vulnerable as ever to volatile global markets. Covid-19 will accentuate these weaknesses

A

dvisers and financiers hungry for above-average rates of return and new business opportunities have talked up Africa’s potential to emerge as a major frontier for private infrastructure financing. Their support for a far greater number of IPPs and other privately financed infrastructure, longer-term debt financing operations, mergers and acquisitions and other transactions holds undoubted promise for cash-strapped but potentially fast-growing economies. In parallel, China has taken a lead in developing sometimes controversial financing structures that have seen huge investments in infrastructure becoming a reality as roads are built and electricity generated. Others see the potential for providing billions of dollars more, as the World Bank Group, African Development Bank (AfDB), European Union, Germany, France and other bilateral donors have all placed infrastructure at the centre of their development policies. AfDB vice-president for private sector, infrastructure and industrialisation Pierre Guislain has estimated Africa’s infrastructure needs at $130bn-$170bn/yr, with a financing gap of $68bn-$108bn. He argued that, while “this may sound insurmountable, it also presents an opportunity to foster innovative financial solutions and partnerships that have the potential to unlock funding”. This huge challenge will be amplified by the Covid-19 pandemic, which was blighting economies worldwide as Atlas 2020/2021 was published. The early signs were not promising, with investors likely to seek comfort in established markets rather than emerging frontiers for investment. The global health crisis came after a period when private equity and other cutting-edge investors had worked hard to unlock Africa’s infrastructure potential, seeking to tap new interest from pension funds, sovereign wealth funds, equities market and other private investors, which have so far been largely absent from deals on the continent. Long underdeveloped sectors such as power generation in sub-Saharan Africa have seen an uptick in private support, but have a majority of economies seen a big financial boom in line with the continent’s ambitions? The brutal answer was ‘no’, even before the Covid-19 pandemic undermined so many assumptions. Local and international private financing flows for critical sectors like water and sanitation, electricity distribution and transmission remain elusive in all but a few economies. The problems are familiar: persistent bottlenecks due to bureaucracy, over-complex and costly financial structures and

14

insolvent local counterparts continue to hold up otherwise commercially viable schemes. IPPs, merchant power structures and investment in transmission companies are the norm in Latin America and Asia, but in Africa, the number of IPPs – while growing – remains highly constrained, and successful private electricity distribution companies like Umeme in Uganda are very much an exception. Africa is looking at African solutions to raise finance via local banks, pension funds and other emerging investor classes. Initiatives such as the African Continental Free Trade Area have potential to create a vibrant new trading bloc in regions that transact a pitifully small percentage of their commerce with their neighbours. It is not surprising that West Africa, which has done more than most to promote open borders – and, via the CFA franc, a common currency – is the most integrated.Where borders remain closed – as between Algeria and Morocco since 1994 – all sides lose.

Local content African resources have global importance, but investors still find it hard to place their money in these industries, despite countries promoting local content initiatives that give a minimum percentage of equity in oil fields to local companies. Nigeria has developed a well-established network of indigenous companies operating across its oil industry. New upstream licences in Republic of Congo require 25% local content, usually around 10% for state-owned Societe Nationale des Petroles du Congo and the rest for local private companies; they may lack the capital necessary to finance their share and could carry reputational risks from beneficial ownerships involving politically exposed persons. South Africa needs huge uplift for a population that, nearly 30 years on, is still waiting for its post-apartheid expectations of social equity and economic advancement to be met. The black economic empowerment industry has become associated with crony capitalist ploys to enrich only a few. During Jacob Zuma’s failed presidency, the once mighty state utility Eskom was potentially fatally damaged by economic mismanagement and state capture. Eventually even the Renewable Energy IPP Procurement Programme – widely seen as a model for solar and wind procurement on the continent – was endangered. Efforts to strengthen both national public sector structures and local business practices are essential if Africa is to attract anywhere near the necessary levels of financing to support

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Section

sustainable growth. Among initiatives, the African Legal Support Facility in Abidjan is working to strengthen public sector entities such as the many all but insolvent public utilities, which make very weak counterparts for private sector investors, and governments that in negotiations are often confronted by batteries of expensive international lawyers. The Chinese model of infrastructure financing has produced some remarkable results, even if critics point to problems associated with the unexpectedly high cost of financing linked to asset-backed deals, the employment of Chinese personnel over local workers, and major operations and maintenance shortfalls. Its ‘85-15’ model involves China putting up 85% of a project’s cost in supposedly soft loans backed by Chinese insurers. Often linked to exports of oil or minerals to feed huge Chinese demand, these structures have allowed cash-strapped economies like Guinea to build infrastructure that might otherwise prove impossible.

Debt distress This model, too, is showing strains as the Chinese state and corporates look to place projects on a more commercial basis. As payments arrears have built up across sub-Saharan Africa, TOTAL ENERGY SECTOR FINANCING BY REGION, 2018 (total: $43.84bn)

North Africa $7.69bn (18%)

East Africa $3.39bn (8%)

Central Africa $3.51bn (8%)

West Africa $14.13bn (34%)

Southern Africa $4.62bn (11%) Other $0.74bn (2%)

Republic of Congo’s mid-2019 debt restructuring set a precedent by involving the Chinese government in rescheduling an unsustainable debt. Nearly a quarter of Kenya’s total external debt is now owed to China – much of it linked to the controversial standard gauge railway scheme – on terms that have proved more onerous than expected at the time loans were publicly signed. What is certain is that interest rates are higher and maturities shorter on Chinese debt than the terms offered by the World Bank and AfDB. The International Monetary Fund has expressed increasing concern that levels of debt distress are again rising across the continent. Chinese loans are most often cited as a cause, but African treasuries have built up a range of debt from sovereign bonds to domestic paper. Earlier in the decade, a return to borrowing via bond markets was seen as a signal of renewed strength; some borrowers, including Ghana and Gabon, are even now still talking about new Eurobonds. But the mood of debt markets is generally depressed, despite the temptations of globally low interest rates. Another oil price crash has the potential to cause havoc in resources producers. The 2016 deal between Opec and nonOpec countries helped to stabilise prices and improve producers’ finances. However, this unravelled dramatically as Saudi Arabia and Russia fell out in March 2020 over how to accommodate US shale production and their own ambitions to dominate the market. In a bid to arrest a dramatic price collapse and stabilise global markets, producers were obliged to agree the biggest oil production cuts in history. While apparently good news for oil importers, lower prices also have ramifications for other natural resources producers, given uncertain global growth and declining commodity demand. Like junior and independent oil companies, publicly listed mining companies face a difficult outlook. Many of these players anyway face longer-term problems in a world looking to tackle climate change by transiting out of carbon. While many producer governments are still in denial, their prized oil and coal reserves may never be developed (and certainly not on the terms some still demand). Many will be left with stranded assets.

excluding South Africa

POLITICAL RISK RATINGS, MARCH 2020

South Africa $7.88bn (19%)

ENERGY SECTOR FINANCING BY SOURCE, 2014

ENERGY SECTOR FINANCING BY SOURCE, 2018

Private $2,485m (10%) Infrastructure Other bilaterals/ Consortium multilaterals for Africa (ICA) $4,428m $9,180m (18%) (38%) China African national $477m governments (2%) $7,486m (31%)

Private $6,282m (14%) Other bilaterals/ multilaterals $1,386m (3%) China $18,330m (42%)

Infrastructure Consortium for Africa (ICA) $10,154m (23%) African national governments $7,690m (18%)

Medium/long-term political risk ratings for African countriesÕ export transactions under the OECD consensus 7 (highest risk) 6 5 4 3 2

ICA members: African Development Bank (AfDB), Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA), European Commission (EC), European Investment Bank (EIB), World Bank Group, G7 countries (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK, USA), Russian Federation, South Africa. © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com) Source: ICA, Annual Report 2018

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

1 (lowest risk: no African countries) Source: www.credendo.com © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

15

Regional groupings THE AFRICAN UNION AND REGIONAL ECONOMIC COMMUNITIES (RECs) RECOGNISED BY THE AU Ecowas applicant Ecowas associate member

ABD African Union (AU) Community of SahelSaharan States (CEN-SAD) / CommunautŽ des Etats SahŽlo-Sahariens

ABC East African Community (EAC)

Economic Community of West African States (Ecowas) / CommunautŽ Economique des Etats de lÕAfrique de lÕOuest (CEDEAO)

Arab Maghreb Union (AMU) / Union du Maghreb Arabe (UMA)

SADC applicant

Intergovernmental Authority on Development (Igad)

A

A

Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (Comesa)

Southern African Development Community (SADC)

AE

Status of regional integration in each REC: A Free trade area established B Customs union C Single market D All countries in the REC have applied the protocol on freedom of movement E Economic and monetary union

Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) / CommunautŽ Economique des Etats de lÕAfrique Centrale (CEEAC)

Source: AfDB, AUC & ECA, African Statistical Yearbook 2019

RIVER AND LAKE ORGANISATIONS LCBC nonparticipant LCBC observer status

Niger Basin Authority (NBA) / AutoritŽ du Bassin du Niger (ABN) Lake Tanganyika Authority (LTA) / AutoritŽ du Lac Tanganyika (ALT) Permanent Okavango River Basin Water Commission (Okacom) Tripartite Permanent Technical Commission (TPTC)

NBI observer

Organisation for the Development of the Senegal River (OMVS)

Gambia River Basin Development Organization (OMVG)

Lake Chad Basin Commission (LCBC) / Commission du bassin du Lac Tchad (CBLT)

Volta Basin Authority (VBA)

Congo-Oubangui-Sangha Basin Commission / Commission Internationale du Bassin Congo-Oubangui-Sangha (CICOS)

Nile River Basin Cooperative Framework Agreement (CFA)

Lake Victoria Basin Commission (LVBC) Orange-Senqu River Commission (Orasecom)

Nile Basin Initiative (NBI)

Zambezi Watercourse Commission (Zamcom) Limpopo Watercourse Commission (Limcom)

OTHER ECONOMIC, SECURITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANISATIONS

G5 Sahel Mano River Union (MRU) Gulf of Guinea Commission (GCC) / Commission du Golfe de GuinŽe (CGG)

Commission of Central African Forests / Commission des Forts dÕAfrique Centrale (Comifac) Eastern Africa Standby Force (EASF) Southern African Customs Union (Sacu)

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Liptako-Gourma Authority (LGA) / AutoritŽ du Liptako-Gourma (ALG) Co-opted members

International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR) / ConfŽrence Internationale sur la RŽgion des Grands Lacs (CIRGL) Economic Community of the Great Lakes Countries (ECGLC) / CommunautŽ ƒconomique des Pays des Grands Lacs (CEPGL) ¥ Controls Sinelac (SociŽtŽ International dÕElectricitŽ des pays des Grands Lacs)

For AfricaÕs monetary groupings, see page 17; for regional power pools, see page 21

16

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Economic Africa SOVEREIGN RATINGS

Country Angola Botswana Cameroon Congo, D.R. Congo, Rep. C™te dÕIvoire Egypt Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Kenya Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Nigeria Rwanda Senegal South Africa Tanzania Tunisia Uganda Zambia

NAME Members of Africa Finance Corporation (AFC)

Members of Bourse RŽgionale des

Valeurs Mobilires dÕAfrique Centrale (BVMAC) Members of the Franc Zone

Rabat:

HQ of Arab Maghreb Union (AMU) / Union du Maghreb Arabe (UMA)

Members of the West African

MOROCCO

Monetary Zone (WAMZ)

ALGERIA

MAURITANIA

Association of African Central Banks (AACB) / Association des Banques Centrales Africaines (ABCA)

CommunautŽ Economique et HQ of Economic Community MonŽtaire of West African States de lÕAfrique (Ecowas) / CommunautŽ Centrale Economique des Etats (Cemac) de lÕAfrique de lÕOuest Currency: Central (CEDEAO) African CFA franc

Abuja:

BURKINA FASO

GUINEA

CïTE SIERRA DÕIVOIRE LEONE LIBERIA Abidjan:

GHANA

HQ of AFC HQ of United Bank for Africa (UBA)

African Development Bank (AfDB) TOGO BENIN Bourse RŽgionale des Valeurs Mobilires (BRVM) EQ. GUINEA Cemac + UEMOA = CFA Franc Zone SÌO TOMƒ & PRêNCIPE France + CFA Franc Zone + Comoros = Franc Zone

% of GDP

Annual % growth

ALL AFRICA AND REGIONS: 2018 2019 2020 SELECTED INDICATORS 2017 est. proj. proj. Real GDP North Africa West Africa Central Africa East Africa Southern Africa Consumer price inflation* North Africa West Africa Central Africa East Africa Southern Africa Overall fiscal balance** North Africa West Africa Central Africa East Africa Southern Africa External current account** North Africa West Africa Central Africa East Africa Southern Africa

3.6 4.9 2.7 1.1 5.9 1.6 12.6 14.2 13.0 9.3 14.0 9.3 Ð5.8 Ð9.6 Ð5.0 Ð3.0 Ð3.8 Ð4.5 Ð3.6 Ð7.4 0.2 Ð4.3 Ð5.0 Ð2.1

3.5 4.3 3.3 2.2 5.7 1.2 10.9 12.8 9.5 7.3 14.5 7.4 Ð4.5 Ð6.0 Ð4.2 Ð1.4 Ð4.1 Ð4.1 Ð3.0 Ð5.7 0.4 Ð2.0 Ð4.9 Ð2.9

4.0 4.4 3.6 3.6 5.9 2.2 9.2 9.2 9.7 4.7 12.5 7.1 Ð4.0 Ð4.8 Ð3.9 Ð1.0 Ð3.7 Ð4.2 Ð2.8 Ð5.0 0.1 Ð1.0 Ð4.6 Ð3.0

4.1 4.3 3.6 3.5 6.1 2.8 8.1 7.4 9.1 4.1 11.4 6.6 Ð3.7 Ð4.1 Ð3.9 Ð0.3 Ð3.5 Ð4.1 Ð3.0 Ð5.0 Ð0.2 Ð1.3 Ð4.6 Ð3.3

Fiscal balance is government income minus spending *annual average. **including grants. Source: AfDB, OECD & UNDP, African Economic Outlook 2019

Signed but not ratified

LomŽ:

Bujumbura:

PTA (Preferential Trade Area) Bank

(the financial arm of Comesa)

COMOROS MALAWI

ZAMBIA

ZIMBABWE

NAMIBIA

Mayotte (Fr.)

Lusaka:

HQ of Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (Comesa)

West African Development Bank (WADB) / Banque Ouest Africaine de DŽveloppement (BOAD) Ecowas Bank for Investment and Development (EBID) / Banque dÕInvestissement et de DŽveloppement de la CEDEAO (BIDC) HQ of Ecobank

SEYCHELLES

HQ of East African Community (EAC)

ANGOLA

MOZAMBIQUE

MADAGASCAR

BOTSWANA

Quatre Bornes:

HQ of Indian Ocean Commission (IOC) / Commission de lÕOcŽan Indien (COI)

ESWATINI

SOUTH AFRICA

Johannesburg:

Pan-African Infrastructure Development Fund (PAIDF)

(Fr.)

HQ of Southern African Development Community (SADC)

HQ of Southern African Customs Union (Sacu)

MAURITIUS

RŽunion

Gaborone:

Windhoek:

Pretoria:

LESOTHO

African Tax Administration Forum (ATAF) Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA)

Midrand:

Pan-African Parliament (PAP) Nepad (New Partnership for AfricaÕs Development) Planning and Coordinating Agency

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: 2019 2020 SELECTED INDICATORS 2017 2018 proj. proj.

th A fric

S.SUDAN CAMEROON EQUAT.GUINEA REP.OF CONGO GABON

Division between Africa (SSA) Middle East & North ANGOLA Africa (MENA) and Sub-Saharan Africa: World Bank International Monetary Fund (IMF)

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

AfricanTrade Insurance Agency

Arusha:

TANZANIA

Sub-Saharan

Southern Africa

Nairobi:

BURUNDI

(Ang.)

Bourse RŽgionale des Valeurs Mobilires dÕAfrique Centrale (BVMAC)

KENYA

East African Development Bank

RWANDA DEM. REP. OF CONGO

NIGERIA

East Africa

AU Commission

Kampala:

a( M

EN

A

)

Ratifying parties

Central Africa

Addis Ababa:

SOMALIA

Cabinda

Douala:

BB B+ B+ CCC

ETHIOPIA

UGANDA

CHAD

West Africa

Africa Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA):

RE

Middle East & No r

North Africa

African Development Bank (AfDB) regions

HQ of Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) / CommunautŽ Economique des ƒtats de lÕAfrique Centrale (CEEAC)

BBBÐ CCC BB B B+

HQ of Intergovernmental

Banque des ƒtats de lÕAfrique Centrale (BEAC) (CemacÕs central bank)

GABON

CCC B+ B+ B CCC B B+

Djibouti Ville:

YaoundŽ:

Libreville:

B

DJIBOUTI Authority on Development (Igad)

SOUTH SUDAN

CENTRAL CAMEROON AFR. REP.

Fitch BÐ

Long-term issuer ratings, April 2020 Source: ratings agencies

ERITREA

Cemac is known in English as the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa

NIGERIA Lagos:

Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (BADEA)

SUDAN

CHAD

3.0 Real GDP Ð Oil exporting countries 0.5 excluding Nigeria Ð0.2 Ð Oil importing countries 4.5 excluding South Africa 6.1 Ð Middle-income countries 2.0 Ð Low-income countries* 7.0 Ð Countries in fragile situations 3.9 Consumer price inflation** 10.9

% of GDP

(UEMOAÕs central bank)

Khartoum:

RA

Dakar:

Banque Centrale des Etats de lÕAfrique de lÕOuest (BCEAO)

EGYPT

NIGER

P. O

GUINEABISSAU

MALI

Union Economique et MonŽtaire Ouest Africaine (UEMOA) Currency: eco (from mid-2020)

(B

THE GAMBIA

LIBYA

(CommunautŽ

Sahara

SENEGAL

CFA

UEMOA is known in financire dÕAfrique) English as the West Franc Zone African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU)

(under UN mandate)

CAPE VERDE

HQ of League of Arab States / Arab League African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank)

HQ of Africa50 Infrastructure Fund

Members of the

Common Monetary Area (CMA) / Multilateral Western Monetary Area (MMA)

Cairo:

TUNISIA

Casablanca:

Annual % growth

NAME

AVONG ILL O E)

Members of Bourse RŽgionale des Valeurs Mobilires (BRVM)

FC

Stock exchanges

NAME

ZZ

NAME

MoodyÕs B3 A2 B2 Caa1 Caa2 Ba3 B2 B1 Caa1 B3 B2 Baa1 Ba1 Caa3 Ba1 B2 B2 Ba3 Ba1 B1 B2 B2 Ca

Fiscal balance (incl. grants) External current account

Reserves (months of imports)

3.2 1.5 0.2 4.3 6.0 2.3 6.7 4.7 8.5

3.2 2.1 1.5 3.9 5.4 2.5 6.1 4.2 8.4

3.6 2.5 2.4 4.3 5.6 2.8 6.4 5.2 8.0

Ð4.6 Ð2.3

Ð3.7 Ð2.7

Ð4.3 Ð3.6

Ð4.3 Ð3.8

5.0

4.9

4.7

4.6

*excluding low-income countries in fragile situations. **annual average. Source: IMF, Regional Economic Outlook, Sub-Saharan Africa, Oct 2019

ÔSub-Saharan African oil exportersÕ (IMF category where net oil exports make up at least 30% of total exports)

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

17

Economic indicators by country Gross domestic product Constant prices (real GDP), percentage change on previous year

GDP figures are based on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) valuation of the countryÕs GDP, measured in current international dollars.

Consumer price inflation Percentage change on previous year

GDP and population figures are for 2019. Some data are IMF estimates, including most data for 2018 and beyond. 124.7

GDP: $681.4bn Population: 43.4m

ALGERIA

64.0

GDP: $1,391.3bn Population: 99.2m

EGYPT

GDP: $61.6bn Population: 6.6m

LIBYA

30

40

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

0

10

0

10

10 0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $328.7bn Population: 35.6m

GDP: $149.2bn Population: 11.8m

TUNISIA

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

10

0

10

0

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $40.7bn Population: 11.8m

BENIN

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $44.1bn Population: 2.4m

BOTSWANA

Ð20

Ð10 2010 12 Ð66.7

MOROCCO

0

0

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

14

Ð36.8

16

18

20

22

Ð19.1

Ð53.0

2010 12

14

Ð78.4

16

18

20

22

Ð40

Ð54.4

GDP: $203.4bn Population: 30.1m

ANGOLA 30

40

20

20

10

0

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $42.2bn Population: 20.3m

BURKINA FASO

30

40

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

0

10

0

10

10 0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $8.4bn Population: 11.5m

BURUNDI

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $100.9bn Population: 25.5m

CAMEROON

0

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $4.3bn Population: 0.56m

CAPE VERDE

30

40

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

10

0

10

0

10

0

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

0

Ð40

Ð10 2010 12

GDP: $4.3bn Pop: 5.2m

CHAD

20

22

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $31.8bn Population: 12.8m

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $2.4bn Population: 0.87m

COMOROS

30

40

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

10

0

10

0

10

0

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

Ð36.4

DEMOCRATIC REP. OF CONGO

GDP: $83.1bn Pop: 97.9m

GDP: $32.8bn Population: 4.6m

REP. OF CONGO (Brazzaville)

GDP: $117.1bn Population: 26.3m

CïTE DÕIVOIRE

30

40

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

10

0

10

0

10

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

Ð54.2

GDP: $6.0bn Population: 1.1m

DJIBOUTI

18

20

22

Ð40

0

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

Ð63.5

GDP: $29.0bn Population: 1.4m

EQUATORIAL GUINEA

GDP: $6.5bn Population: 6.2m

ERITREA

30

40

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

10

0

10

0

10

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

0

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

Ð20.6

GDP: $12.4bn Population: 1.1m

ESWATINI

GDP: $240.2bn Population: 95.6m

ETHIOPIA

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

Ð27.6

GDP: $39.6bn Population: 2.1m

GABON

30

40

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

10

0

10

0

10

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $6.4bn Population: 2.3m

THE GAMBIA

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $209.8bn Population: 30.2m

GHANA

0

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $33.3bn Population: 13.6m

GUINEA

30

40

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

10

0

10

0

10

0

0 Ð10 2010 12

18

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Source: Iinternational Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2019

NORTH OF THE SAHARA

Current account balance Percentage of GDP

Section TOP AND BOTTOM FIVE COUNTRIES, 2019

Real GDP South Sudan 7.9% Angola Ð0.3% Rwanda 7.8% Sudan Ð2.6% growth

Consumer price inflation

C™te dÕIvoire 7.5% Equatorial Guinea Ð4.6% % change Ghana 7.5% Zimbabwe Ð7.1% Ethiopia 7.4% Libya Ð19.1% GDP: $3.6bn Population: 1.8m

GUINEA-BISSAU

% change

Zimbabwe 161.8% Sudan 50.4% South Sudan 24.5% Liberia 22.2% Angola 17.2%

GDP: $191.3bn Population: 49.4m

KENYA

Current account balance

Eritrea 11.3% Republic of Congo 6.8% eSwatini 2.5% South Sudan 2.3% % of GDP Angola 0.9%

Mali 0.17% Benin Ð0.28% Niger Ð1.35% Guinea-Bissau Ð2.58% Eritrea Ð27.6%

Seychelles Ð16.7% Niger Ð20.0% Guinea Ð20.7% Liberia Ð21.2% Mozambique Ð58.0% GDP: $7.4bn Population: 2.0m

LESOTHO

30

40

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

10

0

10

0

10

0

Ð20

0 Ð10 2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $6.5bn Population: 4.6m

LIBERIA

Ð20

0 Ð10 2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $46.0bn Population: 27.1m

MADAGASCAR

Ð20

0 Ð10 2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $25.2bn Population: 20.3m

MALAWI

30

40

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

10

0

10

0

10

0

Ð20

Ð10 2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $47.2bn Population: 19.1m

MALI

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $19.8bn Population: 4.1m

MAURITANIA

0

0

Ð20

Ð10 2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $31.7bn Population: 1.3m

MAURITIUS

30

40

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

10

0

10

0

10

0

0

Ð20

Ð10 2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

0

Ð20

Ð10 2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40 Ð70.3

GDP: $40.6bn Population: 31.2m

MOZAMBIQUE 2019: Ð58.0 2020: Ð66.7 2021: Ð62.9 2022: Ð75.6

10 0

40

30

40

30

20

20

20

20

20

0

10

0

10

0

Ð20

Ð10 2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $1,216.8bn Population: 201.0m

NIGERIA

GDP: $25.8bn Population: 23.3m

NIGER

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $30.3bn Population: 12.4m

RWANDA

40

0

Ð20

Ð10 2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $0.75bn Population: 0.22m

SÌO TOMƒ & PRêNCIPE

30

40

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

10

0

10

0

10

0

0

Ð20

Ð10 2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $64.6bn Population: 16.8m

SENEGAL

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $3.1bn Population: 0.10m

SEYCHELLES

0

Ð20

Ð10 2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

GDP: $13.1bn Population: 7.7m

SIERRA LEONE

30

40

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

0

10

0

10

10 0

Ð20

Ð10 2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

0

0

Ð20

Ð10 2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð20.5

GDP: $12.7bn Population: 15.6m*

SOMALIA 30 20

No inflation data, no GDP data prior to 2012

No data prior to 2013

10 0 Ð10 2010 12

30

40

30

20

20

20

20

0

10

0

10

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

39.5

GDP: $809.0bn Population: 58.8m

SOUTH AFRICA

40

Ð40

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

20

GDP: $176.0bn Population: 43.2m

10 0 Ð10 2010 12

16

18

20

22

18

20

22

Ð40

SOUTH SUDAN 2015: 52.8 2016: 379.8 2017: 187.9 2018: 83.5

GDP: $21.4bn Pop: 13.4m

No data prior to: 2012 (GDP, inflation) 2011 (current account)

40 20 0 Ð20

Ð10 2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

GDP: $191.6bn Population: 56.3m

TANZANIA

GDP: $15.0bn Population: 8.2m

TOGO

40

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

20

0

10

0

10

Ð20 14

16

Ð52.4

2018: 63.3 2019: 50.4 2020: 62.1 2021: 67.2 2022: 67.6

30

14

0

*Source: AfDB Statistical Yearbook 2019

SUDAN

2010 12 Ð65.0

Ð40

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

0

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

161.8

GDP: $104.8bn Population: 39.8m

UGANDA

GDP: $76.0bn Population: 18.3m

ZAMBIA

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

49.7

GDP: $40.3bn Population: 14.9m

ZIMBABWE

30

40

30

40

30

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

10

0

10

0

10

0

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

0 Ð10 2010 12

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

0 Ð10 2010 12

Ð20 14

16

18

20

22

2010 12

14

16

18

20

22

Ð40

19

©African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

30 20

GDP: $27.7bn Population: 2.5m

NAMIBIA

Key trends: Reserves, production, consumption & exports PROVED OIL RESERVES, end-2018

OIL PRODUCTION Million tonnes

OIL CONSUMPTION Million tonnes oil equivalent

Total: 125.3bn bbls (7.2% of world reserves) Countries with proved reserves of more than 1bn bbls:

barrels/day (10.4% of world production) 2018 total: 388.7m tonnes / 8,193 thousand barrels/day (8.7% of world production)

2018 total: 191.3m tonnes / 3,959 thousand

Billion barrels

2000 total: 371.6m tonnes / 7,789 thousand

2000 total: 122.2m toe / 2,465 thousand barrels/day (3.2% of world consumption) barrels/day (4.1% of world consumption)

200

500

Algeria 12.2 Libya 48.4 Egypt 3.3 Sudan 1.5 Chad 1.5

480

180

460

160

440

140

420

120

400

Nigeria 37.5

South Sudan 3.5

Equatorial Guinea 1.1 Gabon 2.0 Rep. of Congo (Brazzaville) 1.6

Uganda 1.7

Rest of Africa Sudan Chad South Sudan Equat. Guinea Gabon Rep. of Congo Egypt

380 360 340 320 300

Angola 8.4

280

6.5

0

04

2000

06

08

10

1.1

120

60

58.3

7.9

North Africa

West Africa

16.8

Central & South America

2.1

Total: 13,217m tonnes (1.2% of world reserves) Countries with proved reserves of more than 500m tonnes:

04

06

08

10

12

14

16

2.5

180

(3.9% of world consumption)

120

160 140

Nigeria

20

120 100

20

Egypt 2000

04

06

08

10

12

14

16

18

GAS FROM AFRICA, 2018 Billion cubic metres

Egypt

Movements of more than 1 bcm:

80

Spain 16.6 Italy 16.3

60

Algeria

40

2000

04

06

08

10

12

14

16

Spain 4.1 France 3.6

France 4.0, Spain 1.5 Italy 4.3

Algeria

Turkey 4.7 Turkey 2.2

Libya India 4.0 China 1.5 Japan 2.1 Pakistan 1.3 Thailand 1.3

18

Rest of Africa

140

Nigeria

Mexico 1.4

Pipeline LNG

Angola

India 2.2

COAL CONSUMPTION Million tonnes oil equivalent

120

2000 total: 82.8m toe (3.5% of world consumption) 2018 total: 101.4m toe (2.7% of world consumption)

100

100

80

South Africa

60

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

South Africa Algeria

60 40

0

160

Sources: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2019; US Energy Information Administration (2011), World Shale Gas Resources: An Initial Assessment

Rest of Africa

100

180

South Africa 9,893

Other Asia-Pacific

140

2000 total: 130.5m toe (5.7% of world production) 2018 total: 155.8m toe (4.0% of world production)

Significant coal deposits in Tete province, and potentially a similar amount in Niassa

Australasia

2018 total: 129.0m toe / 150.0 billion cubic metres

Rest of Africa Libya

COAL PRODUCTION Million tonnes oil equivalent

Zimbabwe 502

India

(incl. Japan & Singapore)

80

20

BotswanaÕs coal reserves are estimated to be approx. 200bn tonnes (Sources: Botswana Ministry of Minerals, Energy & Water Resources; US Chamber of Commerce)

1.2 27.6 2.0

(2.3% of world consumption)

18

200

0

China 4.4

2000 total: 47.9m toe / 55.7 billion cubic metres 2000

220

Million tonnes

Middle East

GAS CONSUMPTION Million tonnes oil equivalent

2000 total: 116.2m toe / 135.1 billion cubic metres

PROVED COAL RESERVES, end-2018

East & Southern Africa

16.1

(5.6% of world production) 2018 total: 203.4m toe / 236.6 billion cubic metres (6.1% of world production)

13.7

71.9

9.5

Nigeria

GAS PRODUCTION Million tonnes oil equivalent

Recent discoveries offshore Tanzania and Mozambique total at least 6 tcm, according to industry estimates

18

4.0

8.2

20

Nigeria 5.3

16

1.2

63.1

40

Technically recoverable shale gas resources

14

11.3

United States

Angola

140

0

12

1. 4

160

80

Egypt 2.1

8.2

Egypt

20

Canada

180

100

Libya 1.4

South Africa

40

Algeria

200

Algeria 4.3

Algeria

60

Europe

220

Total: 14.4 tcm (7.3% of world reserves) Countries with proved reserves of more than 1 tcm:

Morocco

80

Movements of more than 1m tonnes:

240

PROVED NATURAL GAS RESERVES, end-2018 Trillion cubic metres

100

CRUDE OIL FROM AFRICA, 2018 Million tonnes

Libya

260

Rest of Africa

60

40

40

20

20

0

2000

04

06

08

10

12

14

16

0

18

HYDROELECTRIC POWER CONSUMPTION

2000 total: 17.0m tonnes oil equivalent (2.8% of world) 2018 total: 30.1m toe (3.2% of world)

Rest of Africa

80

South Africa

2000

04

06

08

10

12

14

16

18

NUCLEAR POWER CONSUMPTION 2000 total: 2.9m toe (0.5% of world) 2018 total: 2.5m toe (0.4% of world)

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Power NATIONAL POWER COMPANIES SociŽtŽ Tunisienne de

Algiers:

lÕElectricitŽ et du Gaz (Steg) African Energy Commission (Afrec) / Commission Africaine de lÕEnergie (CAE) etween member stat es es b tat

m

el

ec

ro H Q SociŽtŽ Nationale de

General Electricity Company of Libya (Gecol)

lÕElectricitŽ et du Gaz (Sonelgaz)

C

o

Office National de lÕElectricitŽ et de lÕEau Potable (ONEE)

SociŽtŽ Mauritanienne dÕElectricitŽ (Somelec) Electra Nawec

Senelec

EAGB

EDG

EDSA, EGTC Abidjan:

SociŽtŽ NigŽrienne dÕElectricitŽ (Nigelec)

Energie du Mali (EDM)

Association of Power Utilities of Africa (APUA) / Association des SociŽtŽs dÕElectricitŽ dÕAfrique (ASEA)

Eritrean Electric Corporation (EEC) ElectricitŽ de Djibouti (EDD) Addis Ababa:

NBET, TCN Eneo Cameroon

Cotonou: HQ of WAPP / EEEOA

eg

S

ECG, GRIDCo, NEDCo & VRA CEET SBEE & CEB

MDEC, SEDC, Setco, SHGC, STPG

SociŽtŽ Nationale dÕElectricitŽ (SNE)

Sonabel

CI-Energies, CIE LEC

Egyptian Electricity Holding Company (EEHC), Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company (EETC)

MDEC: Merowe Dam Electricity Company Regideso: RŽgie de Production et de Distribution dÕEau et dÕElectricitŽ SEDC: Sudanese Electricity Distribution Company SHGC: Sudanese Hydro Power Generation Company Setco: Sudanese Electricity Transmission Company STPG: Sudanese Thermal Power Generation Company UEGCL: Uganda Electricity Generation Company Ltd. UETCL: Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Ltd.

EMAE

es

Energie Centrafricaine (Enerca)

E2C Brazzaville:

Ethiopian Electric Power (EEP)

UEGCL, UETCL, Umeme

a SEEG

CEB: CommunautŽ Electrique du BŽnin CEET: Compagnie Energie Electrique du Togo CIE: Compagnie Ivoirienne dÕElectricitŽ CI-Energies: SociŽtŽ des Energies de C™te dÕIvoire E2C: Energie Electrique du Congo EAGB: Empresa Publica de Electricidade e Agua de GuinŽ-Bissau ECG: Electricity Company of Ghana EDG: ElectricitŽ de GuinŽe EDSA: Electricity Distribution and Supply Authority Egenco: Electricity Generation Company EGTC: Electricity Generation and Transmission Company EMAE: Empresa de Agua e Electricidade ENDE: Empresa Nacional de Distribui‹o de Electricidade Escom: Electricity Supply Corporation of Malawi Gamek: Gabinete de Aproveitamento do MŽdio Kwanza GRIDCo: Ghana Grid Company LEC: Liberia Electricity Corporation Nawec: National Water and Electricity Company of Gambia NEDCo: Northern Electricity Distribution Company NBET: Nigerian Bulk Electricity Trading PLC Prodel: Empresa Pœblica de Produ‹o de Electricidade SBEE: SociŽtŽ BŽninoise dÕEnergie Electrique SEEG: SociŽtŽ dÕElectricitŽ et dÕEaux du Gabon Segesa: Sociedad de Electricidad de Guinea Ecuatorial Senelec: SociŽtŽ Nationale dÕElectricitŽ du SŽnŽgal Sonabel: SociŽtŽ Nationale dÕElectricitŽ du Burkina TCN: Transmission Company of Nigeria VRA: Volta River Authority

HQ of EAPP

South Sudan Electricity Corporation (SSEC)

SociŽtŽ Nationale dÕElectricitŽ (Snel)

Nugal Electrical Co-operative (NEC)

Kenyan Electricity Generating Company (Kengen), Kenya Electricity Transmission Company (Ketraco), Kenya Power

Rwanda Energy Group (REG) Regideso

HQ of CAPP / PEAC

Tanzania Electric Supply Company (Tanesco)

Public Utilities Corporation (PUC)

Madji na Mwendje ya Komor (MA-MWE), ElectricitŽ dÕAnjouan (EDA)

ENDE, Gamek, Prodel, Rede Nacional de Transporte de Electricidade (RNT)

Zesco

Egenco, Escom

Jiro sy Rano Malagasy Zimbabwe Harare: (Jirama) Electricity Supply HQ of SAPP Authority (Zesa) Electricidade de Moambique (EDM), Botswana HidroelŽctrica de Cahora Bassa (HCB) NamPower Power Corporation (BPC)

Central Electricity Board (CEB)

Eswatini Electricity Company (EEC) Eskom

Lesotho Electricity Company (LEC)

REGIONAL POWER POOLS Withdrew from EAPP Feb 2016 Potential members

Maghreb Electricity Committee / ComitŽ MaghrŽbin de lÕElectricitŽ (Comelec) Southern African Power Pool (SAPP)

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Central African Power Pool (CAPP) / Pool EnergŽtique de lÕAfrique Centrale (PEAC)

West African Power Pool (WAPP) / Systme dÕEchanges dÕEnergie Electrique Ouest Africain (EEEOA) Eastern Africa Power Pool (EAPP)

21

Trends

Africa’s multiple energy transitions start to bear fruit The many energy transitions slowly taking place in Africa have begun to make an impact on the ground. As well as the move to lower carbon generation, these include transitions to private financing of the power sector, to a focus on transmission and distribution, and to a mix of grid and isolated systems

A

number of energy transitions have begun to move from market buzz to on-the-ground activity at a notable scale. The changes are throwing up new challenges that indicate the next transitions on the continent, as governments look for ways around payment guarantees and find that the only solutions are sustainable utilities or more open markets, while work on regional trading is starting to make this more possible. Africa’s transitions cannot be seen in isolation.The change of focus from generation to transmission and distribution comes as several countries find that they no longer have a shortage of supply but of demand. Weak grids, high losses, low access and consumption, and expensive power continue to suppress markets. Ghana claims to have excess supply, but in December 2019, off-grid generator Genser Energy raised $366m to build a large gas pipeline network to supply its expanding captive power plants. These plants supply power to mines that are connected to the grid but whose quality of supply is so poor they are looking elsewhere. Kenya faces a similar situation where supply appears to have outstripped demand at the same time as per capita electricity consumption is below the African average and off-grid solar home systems are installed beneath Kenya Power’s distribution lines. One solution has been to invest in transmission and distribution. Kenya’s last-mile connection programme has increased access while a transmission line to the west of the country currently supplied by Uganda is expected to end the supply surplus. Private investment in transmission is being seriously explored in the country by both the World Bank Group’s International Finance Corporation and the Africa50 infrastructure fund. At the same time, interconnections are being planned or built across East Africa that will increase the potential market and help countries balance demand and supply without suppressing investment or demand or drastically increasing the cost of power.

Solar progress Solar power is proving an increasingly useful technology for Africa. Prices have come down to the extent that solar can be used to displace most fossil fuels, reducing Africa’s foreign exchange exposure. Solar systems can be small and can be located close to demand or where the grid is best able to evacuate the power. Requiring limited logistics, solar is very suitable for small and poorer countries. It can be used off-grid or hybridised with thermal plants to reduce costs or hydropower plants to help manage water levels.There are also abundant funding options and numerous developers, while the industry is helped by a very low construction failure rate and a track record of generally limited construction delays and cost over-runs.This has made solar power an easy decision for African governments.

22

An increasing number of intermittent generation plants as well as weak grids have resulted in the first utility-scale battery projects being contemplated. Morocco has made major strides with recent procurements of large solar and battery systems. South Africa’s Eskom is considering a major programme and potential developers showed strong interest in storage in a recent request for information looking for short-term options to mitigate the country’s power crisis. Senegal is investigating a large battery project and recently brought online its first utilityscale renewable power and battery plant. Countries like Namibia are looking at battery systems and there are also proposals in Kenya. A number of renewable energy-plus-battery projects are being considered in smaller countries where networks are unable to handle intermittent energy. AFRICAÕS ON-GRID ENERGY MIX, 2010 Total: 137,721MW Biomass/ biogas 9MW 0.007% Geothermal 207MW 0.2%

Other 104MW 0.1%

Wind 973MW 0.7% Solar 28MW 0.02%

Natural gas 27,330MW 19.8%

Hydroelectricity 25,877MW 18.8% Nuclear 1,815MW 1.3% Liquid fuels 10,714MW 7.8%

Coal 41,898MW 30.4% Natural gas & liquid fuels 28,766MW 20.9% Source: African Energy Live Data © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

AFRICAÕS ON-GRID ENERGY MIX, Q1 2020 Total: 227,028MW Biomass/ biogas 130MW 0.06% Geothermal 831MW 0.4%

Other 220MW 0.1%

Wind 5,581MW 2.5% Solar 5,415MW 2.4%

Natural gas 65,671MW 28.9%

Hydroelectricity 35,886MW 15.8% Nuclear 1,815MW 0.8%

Coal 49,110MW 21.6%

Source: African Energy Live Data © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Liquid fuels 18,786MW 8.3%

Natural gas & liquid fuels 43,583MW 19.2%

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Section ON-GRID GENERATION CAPACITY BY FUEL, 2010Ð19 100 %

Other Biomass / biogas

80

Geothermal Wind 60

Solar Hydroelectricity Nuclear

40

Coal Nat. gas & liquid fuels 20

Liquid fuels Natural gas

0

2010

2011

2012

Source: African Energy Live Data

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

South Africa. All four are looking for alternatives to government guarantees or support agreements. Kenya is again looking to dilute its letter of support – which the government provides instead of a payment guarantee – in light of the collapse of the Kinangop project, when the government called in its letter of support following delays caused by land issues. Ghana has lashed out at private developers and is attempting to renegotiate tariffs and change thermal capacity payments from take-or-pay to take-andpay. South Africa is giving strong hints that it will not provide government guarantees for future IPP procurement and Nigeria’s Treasury has been reluctant to provide further guarantees since the Azura-Edo gas power project. Azura-Edo was Nigeria’s first fully privatised IPP to reach financial close in December 2015, but no IPPs have closed since then.

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Market moves Cheap renewables have also started to provide a spur for the nascent development of markets. In Namibia, the modified single buyer model is largely based on solar power, which is cheap enough to make it attractive to purchase as an alternative to the grid. The decision to develop solar and wind projects as IPPs in South Africa has combined with the financial crisis at Eskom to push the government towards sector unbundling. The need to account for the system cost of renewables – which result in other plants being used less frequently and therefore becoming more expensive – is pushing countries like Namibia and Kenya to introduce more clarity into their tariffs and power purchase agreements about the various costs involved in supplying power. This, in turn, is creating the potential for new markets for power grid services. The transition to private sector development alongside the greater use of renewable power is having a clear impact – H1 2019 saw the lowest additions of new generation capacity in nearly a decade. This is partly the result of insufficient grid demand in key markets. Another factor is that, although government policy has switched to privately financed generation, weak utility finances and limited policy implementation mean that, while new state utility-built capacity has declined in many countries, private investment has not increased sufficiently to plug the gap. This is a marked change from previous years. For the first time more generation capacity was added by the private sector than by state utilities (1.5GW v 1.2GW) in H1 2019, according to African Energy Live Data. In the whole of 2018, 14.2GW was added by state utilities compared with 3.1GW by the private sector. The difference was even more dramatic in 2017, with only 1.4GW added by the private sector but 11.6GW by the state.The shift to solar was clear as more solar capacity was added than any other technology in H1 2019, with 917MW.

Meanwhile, Ghana, Nigeria and South Africa are all struggling with the fallout of failed or inadequate reform policies, which makes ending government guarantees difficult. This was epitomised in 2019 by the failed concessioning of the Electricity Company of Ghana, the catastrophic collapse of Eskom, and threat by the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission to cancel distribution concessions as a result of failure to make minimum payments to the Nigerian Bulk Electricity Trader. Both Ghana and South Africa are likely to require support from international donors to resolve the financial crises facing their utilities. Other countries have emerged as more forward thinking. Zambia has engaged Africa GreenCo as a creditworthy intermediary offtaker between struggling utility Zesco and the country’s IPPs. GreenCo will be able to supply industrial offtakers and ultimately the Southern Africa Power Pool in the event of non-payment by Zesco, as well as having recourse to guarantee schemes from KfW and the African Trade Insurance Agency. Namibia is looking to the domestic and then regional market to reduce sector risk. NamPower is moving towards a role as generator of last resort and transmission and market operator with the establishment of the modified single buyer model. Côte d’Ivoire’s cash waterfall mechanism, which sees the private utility operator CI-Energies, IPPs and gas suppliers paid before other expenses, continues to pay dividends after major expansions to the Ciprel and Azito gas power plants reached financial close in early 2020. ELECTRICITY ACCESS BY REGION, 2010Ð17 100 % of population 80

North Africa West Africa Central Africa East Africa

60

Southern Africa

40

20

The increase in private capacity coupled with the weakness of utilities and increasing levels of government debt has resulted in several larger governments questioning support given to IPPs. Most notable are larger countries like Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria and

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

0

2010

2011

2012

2013

Sources: SEforALL, Tracking SDG7: The Energy Progress Report 2019; UN Population Division

2014

2015

2016

2017

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

23

North Africa

North Africa anticipates shift from gas to renewables The evolution of electric power generation in North Africa has reached a tipping point, with Morocco close to meeting its first major renewable energy target and the end of a five-year trend of massive gas-fired power procurement across the region

T

he shift from gas to renewables and the associated commercial challenges will directly affect both North Africa’s wider energy sector and economic performance in general. Morocco’s 2009 National Energy Strategy set a target of 42% renewable power by 2020. Although this will not be met, it is close. According to African Energy Live Data’s current snapshot of the project pipeline, just over 37% of power will be generated by renewables by year-end, rising to just under 40% in 2021. By 2022, the target will be substantially exceeded. If mooted changes go ahead to the 13-09 procurement law, under which most private sector wind and solar projects are being developed, a significant number of plants that currently do not have expected commissioning dates could improve the picture dramatically. Ahead of the COP22 climate change meeting in Marrakech in 2016, Morocco added a further target of reaching 52% of renewables capacity by 2030. This will require an acceleration in renewables commissioning to keep pace with a new wave of gas-fired plants linked to long-term import plans and the development of domestic production. The Jorf Lasfar, Dhar Doum and Al-Wahda gas-fired plants (each expected to have 1.2GW installed capacity), were originally planned for 2021 but along with a regasification terminal have been postponed until the end of the decade.

Similarly, no gas-fired power plants are expected to start construction in the rest of the region for the next several years. In Egypt, Cairo Electricity Production Company’s 650MW Cairo West extension project is expected to start production in 2020. After that, no large-scale gas-fired plant is envisaged in the current five-year plan to 2022.While some additional plants are on the drawing board for the following five years, it is far from certain they will be built. By 2028, the Dabaa nuclear plant is expected to have added 4.8GW of baseload capacity. Additionally, there is no way of reliably divining how much renewable capacity may have been commissioned by that point. Part of the difficulty for Egyptian power sector planners is that by end-2019 the system had achieved a reserve capacity of 83%, meaning there is no need to build more. The authorities are encouraging private sector offers for renewables projects but have insisted on very low power purchase agreement (PPA) prices.The subtext is that developers and financers have to take what they are offered. The involvement of a large number of counterparties in the massive Benban solar park in southern Egypt, which was fully commissioned in 2019, has created a diverse ecosystem of project sponsors, consultants, financers, engineers and equipment

24

suppliers, all keen to embark on new schemes.Whether they will or not partly depends on how strictly the ministry sticks to its challenging price requirements but also on other factors, such as how rapidly inefficient thermal plants are decommissioned. Another huge strategic decision due in 2020 is the privatisation of one or more of the three 4.8GW gas-fired plants built by Siemens. Any new private sector owners will have to sign fresh PPAs with Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company. The government may want a high sale price or a low PPA price.This decision may affect what commercial terms apply elsewhere. Meanwhile, in Algeria, all of the 8GW of gas-fired power plants that Sonelgaz ordered from GE in 2013 were all still at various stages of construction in early 2020, with most of them expected to be completed by 2021, although more delays are possible. After that, the development of further gas-fired generation is limited to the 1.3GW Umashe plant, which Hyundai Engineering & Construction is due to deliver in 2025. Based as it is on a questionable strategy of developing a domestic solar panel construction industry, Algeria’s renewables programme is in the doldrums. Tunisia is pushing ahead with wind and solar schemes but no new gas-fired generation will be built once the combined-cycle gas turbine unit of the 450MW Rades C gas plant and the 650MW Mornaguia plant are completed in 2020 and the 450MW Skhira plant in 2021. Beleaguered Libya desperately needs more power generation but until the political and security environment improves it is struggling to complete existing projects, while budget constraints mean that finding finance for new projects is also hard. NORTH AFRICAÕS ON-GRID ENERGY MIX, Q1 2020 Total: 108,013MW Biomass/ biogas 1MW 0.001% Wind 2,656MW 2.5% Solar 2,556MW 2.4% Hydroelectricity 4,859MW 4.5% Nuclear 15MW 0.01% Coal 3,767MW 3.5%

Other 167MW 0.2%

Natural gas 50,924MW 47.1%

Natural gas & liquid fuels 38,659MW 35.8%

Source: African Energy Live Data © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Liquid fuels 4,409MW 4.1%

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

C

t

X

H

S

C

t

X

H

S

Thermal unknown

Biomass / biogas

Capacity (MW)

9,838

1,033

3,350

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Miles

0

(Spain)

W

Population Those with access % with access

x2

WW

AKHFENNIR I II

100

W VOLTALIA II

W VOLTALIA I

Dr‰a

(under UN mandate)

W es ter n S ahar a

Smara

H

Zag

Assa

EL KANSERA

C

Tata

Agdz

‰a

NOOR

S TAFILALET (MSOUNA)

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

El Ayoun (La‰youne)

Lagouira

DAKHLA Ð OUED ED Ð DAHAB

(under UN mandate)

Western Sahara

AFTISSAT W

HARMATTAN W Dakhla

L L

AT L A N T I C OCEAN

0

0

Miles

Km

200 100

M A U R I TA N I A

W VOLTALIA II

EL AYOUN Ð SAKIA EL HAMRA

S Boujdour W

W TISKRAD W VOLTALIA I

S NOOR I G S NOOR II L W PLATINUM POWER

AìT MESSAOUD AFOURER (STEP) AFOURER TILOUGGUIT AVAL TILOUGGUIT AMONT MELLOUL I MELLOUL II MIDELT NOOR MIDELT CSP & PV, PHASE I 24 NOOR MIDELT CSP & PV, PHASE II 25 NOOR PV II 26 MIDELT PLATINUM

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Figuig

HAOUMA KHALLADI Fardioua Mellousa LAFARGE MAROC ALLAL EL FASSI VOLTALIA I MÕDEZ EL MENZEL (STEP) 9 VOLTALIA II 10 TANAFNIT EL BORJ KHƒNIFRA COMPLEX: 11 IMEZDILFANE 12 TAJEMOUT 13 TASKDERT 14 AHMED EL HANSALI

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

CIMENTS DU MAROC W FOUM AL-OUED W

NOOR BOUJDOUR S

(Spain)

Canary Is.

ALGERIA

TA F I L A L E T

OUARZAZATE NOOR I CSP NOOR II CSP NOOR III CSP NOOR IV

Zagora

Dr

MANSOUR H ED DAHBI

S S S S

Erfoud

S (LAMAADID)

TAFILALET

R O C C O

DRåA Ð

EUROPE (GME) FROM HASSI RÕMEL

Sidi Ali Boussidi Ghazouet Tlemcen

H ASFALOU x2 NOOR Bourdim H BAB OUENDERMsounPV II CS NOOR PV II S Gteter Za Jerada Taza TAZA H IDRESS I GAZODUC PEDRO DURAN Guercif W HASSAN II (gas- X S S H FARRELL (GPDF) / 6 solar) Matmata GAZODUC MAGHREB

AL-WAHDA

Fs

GH

Tinghir

M O

Former Spanish Sahara under UN mandate pending final decolonisation; sovereignty contested by Morocco and Polisario Front. AlgerianMoroccan border not ratified south of Figuig.

MAUR.

Tafraoute

Tazenakht

Ouarzazate

YOUSSEF

S NOOR ATLAS

SOUSSÐMASSA

Taroudant

NOOR PV II

TAKERKOUST

S

H

Marrakech MOULAY

(Tensift Chichaoua substations) LALLA H

Bouizakarne

GUELMIM Ð OUED NOUN

Tan Tan

NOOR ATLAS

L S

Tiznit

Agadir

Guelmim

Sidi Ifni

E L AY O U N Ð S A K I A E L H A M R A

CIMENTS L S NOOR II DU MAROC W W PLATINUM POWER FOUM W AL-OUED W TISKRAD

El Ayoun (La‰youne) G S NOOR I

Tarfaya

Fuerteventura

Canary Is.

Lanzarote

Kilometres

0

W

Essaouira

Bir Lhar ABDELMOUMEN (STEP)

PLATINUM POWER W

AMOUGDOUL W YNNA BIO POWER W

R

CSP: concentrated solar power GTP: gas-to-power LNG: liquefied natural gas STEP: station de transfert dՎnergie par pompage (pumped storage)

3 Ð 9MW

10 Ð 99MW

C

G

er

100 Ð 999MW

KŽnitra

L LG

RABAT

FUTURE GAS PIPELINES?

G

Seb o Be Sidi th Kacem RABAT Ð

DOUM

G

MEDITERRANEAN

Oualili A•n Beni Debdou H 7 H El Ouali SALƒ Ð Mathar H G L C G Mekns S KhŽmisset OCP t Mohammedia El NOOR PV II H 8 NOOR KƒNITRA OULJET H H 9 Hajeb ATLAS O R I E N TA L Casablanca G TIT MELLIL UNITS I-IV FéS Ð MEKNéS ES SOLTANE S Outat El Haj W Mediouna S NOOR ATLAS El UNITS V-VI C AIRPORT Jadida Enjil Berrechid S Tendrara Jorf CASABLANCA Ð H BENI MELLAL Ð Missour NOOR Lasfar 10 Settat Khouribga NOOR 11 TAFILALET KhŽnifra KHAOUA) (OULAD PV II DAOURAT H S H OULED GHANEM W Midelt SETTAT 12 H Bou‰rfa OUALIDIA W IMFOUT H bi Beja‰d H H 13 a KASBA 14 S S S W W H Beni ZIDANIA 15 KHƒNIFRA H 22 24 25 26 23 H Tajjite AL-MASSIRA Beni H NOOR Safi NOOR PV II ATLAS Mellal BOUTFERDA Chemaia MAROC CHIMIE t Kalla des S BIN EL OUIDANE H 16 S H S W Sghragna NOOR ATLAS H H El Er Rachidia H H 21 Abid MARRAKECH Ð Boudnib Bouanane 17 HH 19 20 kV 0 JEBEL Tens 15 SAFI ift LAHDID H HASSAN I18 NOOR

C

A T L A N T I C O C E A N

m

1,000MW +

60kV power line

220kV power line

400kV power line

200

(except where marked CSP)

S Solar photvoltaic

H Hydroelectricity

X Hybrid

t

C Coal

2 Gas & liquid fuels

L Liquid fuels

G Natural gas

W W W Wind

2

L

2

G

L

x2

x2

Ou

x2

x2

Plants/projects 150 kV

G

Gibraltar (UK) Gibraltar trait of

S Ceuta (Sp.) Albor‡n (Sp.) SEA 1 3 YNNA BIO POWER W Tangier W 4 TangerMed W W AL-KOUDIA AL-BAIDA I, II W TANGIER II W 2 W TŽtouan G W Melilla (Sp.) 5 AlTAHADDART G (STEP) HHIFAHSA Hoce•ma TALAMBOT TANGIER Ð TƒTOUAN Ð Nador OUED EL Loukkos AL-HOCEìMA MAKHAZINE Beni BOUAREG H H Hadifa DHAR Ouezzane Oujda MOHAMMED V H

SPAIN Tarifa

x2

Operating Construction Planned* x2

150kV

L

Moulo uya

TANGIER I W

u x2

n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

Morocco

Access to electricity (2017, millions)

34.85

34.85

Sources: SEforALL; IMF

100

25

Algeria Carril

ALGIERS PORT G G EL HAMMA BAB EZZOUAR G G EL HAMMA MOBILE

BOUFARIK I G

SPAIN

BARAKI G DJAMAå EL DJAZAìR MOSQUE G

BOUFARIK II G BOUFARIK III MOBILE G

1 2 3 4 5

G SABLETTE MOBILE N NOUR TRIGA

I II

RAS DJINET

TO SARDINIA

AMIZOUR DARGUINA IGHIL EMDA MANSOURIA ERRAGUEN

JIJEL I

PORT

SKS

G G Annaba Skikda

G

KOUDIET EDDRAOUCH

ALGIERS

G G Sidi Na‰mane BŽja•a

Mahalma Boufarik

G

Hamm am

G

Tou

il

Ta

GG

15

MOROCCO

ch tt E

C

V 0k

Cho

S DJELFA

Melghir

Aflou

TUNISIA

fna

Tajerouine

G

G

G

Me ll gu e

G

G

G

Tizi-Ouzou mam Si m El G 1 2 Mustapha So u

HADJRET ENNOUSS (SKH)

Metlaoui

Megha•r

NAåMA II

G

LAGHOUAT S

El Bayadh

MŽcheria

G S Na‰ma

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

G

100 G

MOROCCO

El MŽnia 2 (El GolŽa) BŽni Abbs

L

Tabelbala

Kerzaz

L

Talmine L

X

S

L CENTRAL DE SITE I

S

X (thermal-solar)

L CENTRAL DE SITE II L CENTRAL DE SITE III

OUARGLA S

Ouargla H.M. NORTH I G H.M. NORTH II G H.M. NORTH III G

G

Haoud El Hamra BIR Hassi Messouad REBAA S BELHIRANE

H.M. SOUTH G

TUNISIA

NORTH

G

S

Hassi Berkine South

Gassi Touil

H.M. WEST G

Ghadames

L

Rhourde Nouss

Debdeb

Timimoun

W

Kabertene

ADRAR G ADRAR MOBILE G ADRAR S ZAOUIET KOUNTA S

Touggourt

(thermal-solar)

G

Oum El Assel

G

G

El Oued

Guerera

A L G E R I A

L

Tindouf Wilaya:

NEZLA S

H.M. WEST MOBILE G

(thermal-solar) L X

NAKHLA S

MEGGARINE S

Gharda•a

g ratin ope220kV at

Chott El Jerid

TENDALA (TENDLA) S

TILGHEMT HRM I TILGHEMT HRM II TILGHEMT HRM III HASSI RÕMEL (gas-solar) S

200

BŽchar

L I Tindouf L II

G HASSI RÕMEL

G G G X

Tilghemt Hassi RÕMel

S EL BAYADH

A•n Sefra

Laghouat

L X (thermal-solar)

Bordj Omar Driss

Adrar

ZAOUIET KOUNTA G Reggane

S S

ing operat V at 220k

In AmŽnas

LIBYA

G

G S

In Salah

Aoulef

G

Illizi

MAURITANIA n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

G

G

G Natural gas

L

L

L Liquid fuels

Djanet

2

2

2 Gas & liquid fuels

N

N

N Nuclear

X

X

X Hybrid

H

H

H Hydroelectricity

1,000MW +

S

S

S Solar photovoltaic

100 Ð 999MW

Tamanrasset

10 Ð 99MW

400kV power line

90kV power line

MALI

L X (thermal-solar)

Bordj Badji Mokhtar

NIGER

3 Ð 9MW 0

Kilometres

0

Miles

Plants/projects Operating Construction Planned*

400 200

(thermalsolar)

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

L X

In Guezzam

Capacity (MW) 22,023 9,143 1,350

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. Search for a power plant or project at www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

26

X (thermal-solar)

2 S

W W W Wind 220kV power line

L S

In Ekker

Access to electricity (2017, millions) Population Those with access % with access

41.72 41.72 100

Sources: SEforALL; IMF

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Jendouba

PR FU OJEC TU T D RE HV ZES DC

El Kala Jijel G El Hadjar Berrahal 4 Ramdane Chefia H 5 Bellara GG Djamel Guelma El Ke b H H Larba‰ G Kseur Mila ir AffrounG H BENI MERED 3 Bouira Souk Oued AHMAR Kherba Akbou Blida Isser Constantine Ahras erda ORAN E G EL AìN Athmania SŽtif El Hassi hŽlif l Khroub dj ARNAT AìN G e Khemis ORAN LAMINOIR G C Me m Ech ChŽlif Bir H SOUK Miliana Bordj Bou El Eulma Rum RAVIN BLANC E G Berrouaghia Ghbalou S GHRIB Sly Oued A•n MÕlila AHRAS G H OUED ArrŽridj Mostaganem I II III FODDA A•n S A•n Oulmane BRANDTA•n Arzew KAHRAMA Sidi SƒTIF Be•da El G G G Mactaa G Oued Rhiou Bey Salah G X (gas-solar) Djasser Oran A•ssa G MARSAT Relizane Aouinet Boughezoul GG H. MÕSila G G DRAå EL BOUTLƒLIS Tissemsilt ahr Ouassel KHENCHELA Ameur G EL HADJADJM N HADJA ES-SALAAM 2 N FÕKIRINA 20 k G Batna ina V TERGA (SKT) A•n Zahana Khenchela Tiaret A•n TŽbessa Oussera Tazoult Ka•s Barika DJELFA Oued Bou G G TŽmouchent A•n Mascara El Abtal BŽni Saf Chott El Hodna Sa‰da Sidi I II Cheria Touta A•n Ghazouet Sougueur Bel Abbs Fateh El Hamel Oglat Oulad Sidi Ali Boussidi Mahboub Ben Badis Biskra Sidi A•n Deheb S MÕSILA Tlemcen Okba Zeribet Sa•da S Maghnia Tolga Djebel Hamed Oujda SIDI BEL ABBéS SAìDA Djelfa Onk Oumache G LABREG S II I III Bourdim i Ouled G u DIFFEL g S r Djellal he Chott

MEDITERRANEAN SEA

Tunisia 10

Med jer

da

0 Kilometres 0 Miles

5

ARIANA Mnihla

Chotrana Ariana

NEJMA HUILES

MANOUBA

Kram Carthage

2

TUNIS

TUNIS

W EL BATIHA W JEBEL KCHABTA W JEBEL SIDI BCHIR KCHABTA

Bizerte

Cap Serrat BŽja governorate S

TUN

Tunis N

Bizerte governorate:

La Galite

Gammarth

Sebkha Ariana

Sidi El Barrak Dam

La Goulette

Menzel Jemil

Menzel 2 Bourguiba

ële Zembra

MƒTLINE

W

Kalaat El Golfe SIDI Andalous de DAOUD W

W

Mateur Mateur BIZERTE

Tabarka

ME D IT E R R AN E AN SE A Cap Bon

El Haouaria

D EL M E

TO R

EC Tunis Rads 2 IA El Kala CONN ARIANA INTER JEBEL MAN. Rads 2 2 IB BƒJA TUNIS ABDERRAHMAN Sebkha Kelibia Rades EL AROUSSIA W SŽjoumi G G II BŽja TUN. Menzel Temime Oued H JENDOUBA TUNIS S Ben NABEUL C G Mornaguia Zarga Arous Grombalia H BOUHERTMA Chefia H Naassen BEN AR. G e Mghira FERNANA dj 2 BBM El Korba SIDI SALEM H Me G SOTIPAPIER Mourouj III,IV Jendouba TŽboursouk Ain Kmicha I,II G G Zaghouan Nabeul BEN AROUS Bir Ben Arous Hammamet El Mcherga NEBEUR H governorate: Fahs Bou Ficha ZAGHOUAN

rd

a

Zahrouni

TO SICILY

Pantelleria (Italy)

G

W MORNAG

e gu

Me l l

Siliana

KEF

a ian

El Aouinet

Makthar Ouesslatia

W

Kairouan

Thala

Hajeb El Ayoun

KASSERINE Sidi Bouzid governorate:

G

S EPPM S TOZZI GREEN

G

SIDI BOUZID

Meknassy

S FATTEH NADIA GAFSA

SIDI BOUZID

Sagdoud Metlaoui Chott El Gharsa I

Mdhila

SFAX G AGRIMED S BPG CARTHAGO CERAMIC G TÕPAP SFAX 2

II III

S S S

TOZEUR

S

Cho

Kebili

jaj l Fe tt E

BG HANNIBAL G

G

G Natural gas

2

2 Gas & liquid fuels

X

X

X Hybrid

G

Chergui Gharbi

G G G

Mahrs BARCA

WW

TBAGA

G G 2

I II III

Golfe d e Gab  s HoumtSouk

Ghannouch

G

Gabs

ële de Jerba

GABéS

G

Midoun ROBBANA

El Kantara

Gabs governorate:

X EL BIBANE (gas-solar)

S ABO WIND

S

2

Sfax

Thyna

Bouchemma

Douz

G

ëles

La Skhira

AIRPORT

Zarzis

MŽdenine

TUNUR CSP

Lampedusa

Sidi Kerkenah Mansour

G

S TOZEUR-NEFTA

Chott El Jerid

S

Gafsa

AKARIT CSP

Tozeur

(Italy)

Kairouan governorate:

SFAX

Mezzouna

GAFSA

S GAFSA

Lampione

Mahdia Ksour Essaf

S ALTUS

Sidi Bouzid

T U N I S I A

Djebel Onk Gafsa governorate:

S

Moknine

MAHDIA El Jem

Sbe•tla Kasserine

Feriana

n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

MONASTIR

KAIROUAN

S SHAMS TECHNOLOGY

Nefta

Hammamet Sousse governorate SOUSSE Sbikha Kondar Akouda A B C D G G G G KAIROUAN S Sahloul Sousse ëles Kuriat Metbasta Msaken Monastir

SILIANA

Tajerouine

Kasserine governorate:

A L G E R I A

Enfida Golfe de

Sil

El Kef

MƒDENINE

KEBILI Ben Guardane

Abu Kamash

Tataouine

Tataouine governorate:

S LES SALINES

DE TATAOUINE

H

H

H Hydroelectricity

S TATAOUINE I

S

S

S Solar photovoltaic

S TATAOUINE II

Surman

S SMTE

(except where marked CSP)

S

W W W Wind Biomass/ biogas 400kV power line

500MW +

225kV power line

100 Ð 499MW

150kV power line

10 Ð 99MW

90kV power line

1 Ð 9MW

Substation 0

Kilometres

0

Miles

100

Plants/projects

Remada

Borj Bourguiba

TATAO UI NE

Dehiba

L I B Y A Al-Ruweis

EL BORMA X (gas-solar CSP)

50

Operating Construction Planned*

S

ENI ADAM S

Capacity (MW) 6,065 1,095 1,150

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. Search for a power plant or project at www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

CSP: concentrated solar power

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Access to electricity (2017, millions) Population Those with access % with access

11.53 11.53 100

Sources: SEforALL; IMF

27

Libya

TO SICILY

AN NUQAT AL-KHAMS AZ-ZAWIYA AL-JIFARAH TRIPOLI AL-MARQAB Bouchemma

G S TRIPOLI L TRIPOLI W G SIEMENS TRIPOLI W G TRIPOLI W GAS

HVD C

1 2 3 4 5

TUNISIA

Abu Kamash Az-Zawiya

Ben Guerdane Tataouine

M E D I T E R R A N E A N

G II TRIPOLI 2 I Zuwara TAJOURA N Surman 2 STEAM 4 AL-ZAHRA G Al-Khums W 2 1 Al-Imdad 2 3 W MSALLATA WESTERN MOUNTAIN Tarhuna 5 Misratah G Gharyan 2 S Bani Az-Zintan Nalut W Walid Sedada Shakshouk Zamzam Al-Ruweis

2

S E A

Susah L W Al-Baida Darnah L TOBRUK L amlud Ala MISRATAH Marj Marawah At 2 MYTILINEOS N BENGHAZI I 2 IRON & STEEL Tamimi Tobruk AlN BENGHAZI II 2 SIEMENS ALMarsa AlMukhayli Umm MARJ MISRATAH FREE ZONE Benghazi Al- Harigah Saad 50 Adam Benghazi S 0k V Gulf of Sirte DARNAH Saloum BENGHAZI AL-MUQRUN W Zawiyat AL-KHALIJ Masus I 2 Sirte Gulf II 2 Zuweitina ALSidra DAEWOO G Ajdabiya Abu BUTNAN Ras Lanuf Nujaym Lanuf Marsa SIRTE Al-Brega Al-Jaghbub

2

AL-JABAL AL-GHARBI

Daraj

AL AL-AKHDAR

Debdeb Ghadames

G

T r i p o l i t a n i a

NALUT

AL-JAB

M I S R ATA H

TO HASSI BERKINE

Ash Shuwayrif

Al-Jufra S HOUN-JUFRA Oasis Houn

GMMR2

Zillah

A L - WA H AT Waha

Wadi Ariel

W A D I A S H S H AT I

AL-JUFRA

Birak

Adiri

Jalu

C y r e n a i c a

L

I

Semno

SEBHA

B

SARIRI II

Y

Sarir

SARIR I 2 G

A

EGYPT

ALGERIA

GMMR1

CSP Sebha

GHAT

AWBARI L

S S

Awbari

Tmassah

WADI AL-HAYAT

AlUwaynat

Taraghin

Tazirbu

Murzuq

F e z z a n

Ghat

Man-Made River: Phase 1

MURZUQ

Phase 2 Phase 3

Tajarhi

L

Phase 4

S

Kufra

Phase 5 Well field

KUFRA

n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

G

G

G Natural gas

1,000MW +

L

L

L Liquid fuels

100 Ð 999MW

2

2

2 Gas & liquid fuels

10 Ð 99MW

N

N

N Nuclear

3 Ð 9MW

S

S

S Solar photovoltaic

Conflict damage to GecolÕs 400kV and 220kV transmission networks and the lack of availability of about half of installed generation capacity has necessitated large scale load shedding. The weakened interconnection between east and west Libya periodically separates the network into independent islands.

Al-Uwaynat

(except where marked CSP)

W W W Wind

NIG ER

400kV power line

C H A D

220kV power line 110kV power line 0

Kilometres

0

Miles

Plants/projects Operating Construction Planned*

SUDAN 300

150

CSP: concentrated solar power

Capacity (MW) 10,702 1,470 0

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

28

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Access to electricity* Population Those with access % with access

Libya

Egypt

6.45

94.8

4.52

94.8

70

100

* 2017, millions. Sources: SEforALL; IMF

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Egypt

G

G

G Gas

H

H

H Hydroelectricity

500 Ð 999MW

L

L

L Liquid fuels

S

S

S Solar photovoltaic

100 Ð 499MW

2

2

2 Gas & liquid fuels

W W W Wind

t

t

t

N

N

N Nuclear

500kV power line

X

X

X Hybrid

220kV power line

10 Ð 99MW

Biomass/ biogas

66kV power line

/

Saloum

EL NEGEILA

Substation (inset) / Suez Canal Economic Zone

N

2

Marsa Matruh

N

a

a

Depr

ession

Q

ar

Siwa

KB KFS MNF PTS

KFS Mahmoudia

GIZA

Sitra Oasis

Diqla

GIZA

Ain Sokhna

Kureimat

Zafarana

BENI

Abu Rudeis

13 2k V

E

N ile

x2

V

S

Gerga

ATON ENERGY

2

NEW NAGA HAMADI H

Naga Hamadi 500

BURULLUS

G

Baltim

WEST Mut DAMIETTA

BENBAN: S ACCESS/EREN S ACCIONA S ACWA POWER

El Kharga

Safaga

SOHAG

Sohag

(inexact location)

Balat

G 288 W ENGIE GEBEL EL ZEIT W GEBEL EL ZEIT I Hurghada 2 W GEBEL EL ZEIT II S

Asyut 2k

(NEW VALLEY)

ABU QIR I 2

132

kV

Armant

W GULF OF SUEZ IV W NREA/MASDAR GULF OF SUEZ II

G I G II

BPI MOTOBAS

Qena

G

W GOLFO DE SUEZ W GULF OF SUEZ I

2 2

QENA I

El Hamrawein El Quseir

II

NEW ABU QIR

2

2

H

2

Marsa Alam

x2

132kV

Abu EL SEIUF Qir

Rosetta (Rashid)

R E D S E A

Luxor LUXOR

ESNA (ISNA) RED Gamasa S AL-SUBH Damietta L. Manzala G TALKHA S AL-TAWAKOL SEA Lake Port Idfu S ALCAZAR 2 TALKHA 210 Idku Burullus 2 NEW Said West S I II ALFA S I Sidi Salim G TALKHA EL Port Said DAM. S ARC Alexandria 2 750 Belkas L Kom S II ATF 2 2 2 S ARINNA El S III KARMOUZ Abis Mahmoudia Kafr El L Ombo S ASWAN Sheikh Gamaliya East 2 S ABYODOS S BSEB Talkha NEW II Sidi Kafr 2 2 2 Port Dikirnis S DARAW Ameriya El Dawar Krir El Mahalla Said S EDF ENERGIES El Mansoura Abu NEW I Damanhur El Kubra Aswan S ELSEWEDY Tami El B El Al-Matamir Itay H H ASWAN I, II S FAS ENERGY A Amdid Qantara El HBE Al-Baroud E Qantara S INFINITY 50 CONSORTIUM G Nile ASWAN Senbellawein Tanta Qantara Suez S KOM OMBO 12-2 BORG EL ARAB Kafr El Zayat (Damietta Ghazl HIGH DAM West Canal S MMID INFINITY I II III Sharqia Zifta Branch) Abu 2 2 2 S Rå Kibir Faqus 2 2 2 S RED SEA East Ismailia I II III,IV Shebeen S SECI WINNERGY Ismailia NUBARIA Zagazig ASWAN El Kom Quweisna S SP INFRA 2 SHABAB 1 CAIRO WEST (R) K S SUN INFINITE PHOENIX Bustan Nile Minuf Banha NEW El Sadat (Rosetta 2 SHOUBRA EL Belbes S TAQA ARABIA 2 ABU SULTAN DAKHALIA S City Branch) KHEIMA I, II UPPER EGYPT El H 10th of SHABAB 2 Great Bitter SS ZAFARANA GROUP Toukh 3 EL SALAM Lake Obour Ramadan City Wadi 25-3 GIZA N C G City Toshka 4 CAIRO NORTH J Lake Natroun CAIRO ATAKA I 2 I FAS ENERGY 5 EL BUSATEIN E2 F Nasser S (inexact location) Wadi Natroun ATAKA II 2 L 3 6 EAST CAIRO MOBILE 1 Badr City 2 CAI El 7 HELIOPOLIS MOBILE Abu Simbel Badr ATAKA SUEZ 2 SPX D A Borg El Arab L Shorouk City MTN PS Sheikh Zayed City S 4 L L 6 7 New L S NAC MILITARY B Samanood ARKAN PLAZA COMPLEX C Ashmoun Giza 5 N M Cairo Suez 6th of October City NEW City Bir Tawil D Cairo 500 2 AYOUN MOUSSA Adabiya O CAPITAL E Bassous Helwan 6th of F Bahtim Wadi G CAIRO S II PS: pumped storage October Halfa P Tebbin 500 G Abu Zabaal Ain t (R): rehabilitation CAIRO S I 2 500 Ras H 10th of Ramadan 500 Sokhna WADI HOF 2 Sidr 2 EL TEBBIN I 10th of Ramadan ABU QIR II L

ON

U

L

13

EL WADI EL JADID

Mohammad

ASYUT

H NEW ASYUT BARRAGE

ASYUT MOBILE 2 BANI GHALIB MOBILE 2 NEW ASYUT MOBILE 2

D e s e r t

Dakhla Oasis

SAUDI

S

W ASYUT

Farafra Oasis

MEDITERRANEAN SEA

Nuweiba

F

x2

II III

L L EL WALIDIA

Asyut 500

Abu Minqar

Aqaba Taba 400kV

O

Bawiti

E G Y P T

W e s t e r n

JORDAN

Maghagha SUEF LEKELA W BAKR W ARABIA SKYPOWER Dahab WEST NILE S 2 AMUNET W Ras Gharib Samalut WEST NILE S El Tur Hamid Samalut 500 ELSEWEDY G.OF SUEZ III W DAKHALIA GROUP S 288 L GEBEL EL ZEIT PHASE II W Minya Tiran Z MINYA Ras Sanafir L 2 E a s t e r n Shukheir Mallawi 500 Mallawi Sharm El Sheikh Bay Zeit Ras Desert

Bahariya Oasis

Al-Farafra

ISRAEL

SOUTH SINAI

I II III IV V VI VII VIII WWWWWW W W

Beni Suef

G

Dead Sea

Gaza

LF

132 kV

L I B Y A

DM

SUEZ

Helwan

Faiyum FA I Y U M

CAIRO 3A POULTRY S

Port Said

GU

Siwa Oasis

West Bank

CAIRO

Giza

MATRUH

X

SYRIA

PALESTINE

QALYUBIA KAFR EL SHEIKH MONUFIA PORT SAID Damietta

Abu Qir

6th of October 500

(diesel-solar)

200 100

El Arish 2 N i l e DK Sidi Krir Damanhur PTS Bir El Abd D e l t a ASH Abu Al-Matamir Tanta Suez SHARQIA Canal GH ALX B E H E I R A Bghdad Ismailia Zagazig Nubaria MNF Banha NORTH ISMAILIA Bitter Lakes KB SINAI El Sadat City Bassous S i n a i Ayoun CAIRO Badr Cairo 500 Nekhel Suez Moussa

El Dabaa El Alamein

tt

ALEXANDRIA DAKHALIA DAMIETTA GHARBIA

Alexandria

Miles

LF O F AQA BA

RUK

ALX DK DM GH

Kilometres

0

M E D I T E R R A N E A N S E A

x3

TO TOB

Thermal unknown

0

LEB

1,000MW +

AN

n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

GU

n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

G

H

2

2 22

Ni l e

2

HELWAN S

le

SUEZ GULF 2

Kilometres Miles

80 40

EZ

I II III (gas-solar) 2 GGX 0 KUREIMAT 0

SU

Faiyum Faiyum W

Al-Wasta Dimu

F FO

Lake Qarun

GUL

2

J El Asher K Manayif L Suez 500 M Cairo E N Zahraa El Maadi O El Hawamdia 500 P Atfih 500

Shalateen TO

Halaib Triangle

HA LA I

B

H

G

2

S UDA N

Ni

2

Berenice

Plants/projects Operating Construction Planned*

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Capacity (MW) 58,649 1,575 7,710

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

29

The Mediterranean Basin

Principal pipelines and strategic links between North Africa and Europe: Oil existing

Gas future? future?

El Musel

A Coru–a

(in Europe, only major refineries are shown Ð 50,000 b/d or over)

Ambs

Gij—n

AvilŽs

Somorrostro

future?

SPAIN

P O RTUG A L

HVDC (1968)

MADRID

Tarragona

future?

Valencia

SŽtubal

(WITH DATES)

under construction / planned

Puertollano

Sines

Mediterranean power systems are shown by different land colours.

C—rdoba Faro

Malta, Cyprus, Israel and Palestine National Authority Region are not connected to any other electrical network in the Mediterranean Basin.

Huelva

Granada

San Roque Algeciras Gibraltar (UK) Tangier Ceuta (Sp.)

400kV (1996, 2007) Future 400kV

Safi

Mekns

Casablanca

Fs

Marrakech

Agadir

Terga Beni Saf

220kV x2 (1988, 1992) 400kV x2 (2009, 2010)

MOROCCO

Isl

a

Oristano

s nd

a B ale

ric

El Hadjar

Constantine GK

Tiaret

Batna

ARZEW LNG TERMINAL GL1-Z: 6 trains, 10.6 bcm/yr GL2-Z: 6 trains, 10.7 bcm/yr GL3-Z: 1 train, 6.3 bcm/yr

Bizerte Koudiet El Haouaria Eddraouche

Skikda

Beja•a

TUNIS

3

Oued Saf-Saf

90kV (1952) 90kV (1955) 220kV (1980) 150kV (1984) 400kV (2011)

Biskra

Sousse

Sfax Gulf of

Gabs

La Skhira

TUNI S I A

GAZODUC PEDRO Hassi RÕMel DURAN FARRELL (GPDF) / (gas) GAZODUC MAGHREB NAWARA / SOUTH TUNISIAN EUROPE (GME) GAS PROJECT 1,450km, 12.7 bcm/yr pipeline Hassi (STGP) from Hassi RÕMel to C—rdoba, Messaoud where it links with the Spanish (oil) and Portuguese grids. Morocco Haoud El Hamra ENRICO MATTEI / does not intend to renew its agreement with Algeria when it TRANS-MEDITERRANEAN (TRANSMED) expires in 2021. Berkine 33.5 bcm/yr gas pipeline runs Basin 550km from Hassi RÕMel to Oued Saf-Saf and then to Sicily via Cap Gassi Touil Bon, Tunisia. Continues to northern (gas) Italy and Slovenia.

Touat

Rhourd Nouss

Irharen

Ghannouch 220kV x2 (2003) Future 400kV

Ghadames Basin Al-Wafa Ohanet Alrar

Tin Fouye

In AmŽnas

Illizi B a s i n Zarzaitine A•n Tsila La ReculŽe

Teguentor

SBAA

Adrar

In Salah Ahnet Basin

Reggane Basin

(under UN mandate)

Sardinia

GL1-K, GL2-K

ALGIERS

SWMB South Western Mediterranean Block ALGERIA

Western Sahara

SAPEI HVDC (2010)

Codrongianos

GALSI Cagliari 1,500km Algeria-Italy Porto Vesme 8 bcm/yr gas pipeline, P orSarroch development currently to Botte stalled ELMED SKIKDA LNG TERMINAL Algeria-Italy Tunisia-Italy GL1-K + mega train: 6.0 bcm/yr HVDC (proposed) Future HVDC GL2-K: 2 trains, 3.0 bcm/yr

Ibiza

Oran Arzew / Bethioua

Oujda

KŽnitra

Palma

GL1-Z GL2-Z GL3-Z (GASSI TOUIL)

Algeria-Spain HVDC (proposed)

MEDGAZ 210km subsea gas pipeline with 8 bcm/yr capacity (Sp.)

RABAT

Cartagena

Almer’a

Melilla

Mohammedia Jorf Lasfar

Carril

COMETA HVDC (2012)

Olbia

Fiume Santo Porto Torres

Minorca

Majorca

Alicante

Murcia

Seville

M‡laga

ATLANTI C OCEAN

Castell—n de la Plana

Sagunto

LISBON

Mediterranean Basin international electricity interconnection projects

Sannazzaro

Avignon

I

Valladolid Porto

LNG regasification plant and import terminal

FRANCE

Genoa La Spezia Savona Bayonne Toulouse Florence Montpellier MONACO Panigaglia FSRU Nice Ste TOSCANA Marseille Livorno L I G U R I A N Suvereto Tonkin Fos Toulon ANDORRA SEA Lucciana Piombino Fos Cavaou LavŽra Zaragoza Corsica Ajaccio St-Louis SACOI Barcelona

Bilbao

Santander

Vigo

Lea da Palmeira

Lyon St-ƒtienne Feyzin S. Martino Di Trecate Milan Turin

Berre-lՃtang

Oil tanker terminal LNG liquefaction plant and export terminal

SWITZ.

Le Verdon Bordeaux

Ferrol

UTCE Uni on for the

La Pallice

BAY OF BISCAY

MUGARDOS

Oil future? Gas existing Oil refinery

400 200

LIB YA N

Miles

(W ES TE RN

Kilometres

0

GP

0

WL

Major North African oil and gas deposits

M A U R I TA N I A OIL EXPORTS FROM NORTH AFRICA TO EUROPE

FLNG: floating liquefied natural gas FSRU: floating storage and regasification unit *excludes Turkey Source for export charts: BP Statistical Review of World Energy © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

NATURAL GAS EXPORTS FROM NORTH AFRICA TO EUROPE

Million tonnes (crude and refined)*

MALI

Billion cubic metres* 80

100 80

60

LNG

60 40

Capacity (MW) Operating Construction Planned*

North Africa 107,877 14,316 13,860

40

0 2000 02

Pipeline

20

20

04

06

08

10

12

14

16

18

0 2000 02

04

06

08

10

12

14

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

30

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

16

18

Section Co- or di natiAon of Tr ans m i s s i on of E l ectr i ci ty I H U N GA R Y EN ROMANIA OV

TALY

TI

C

BELGRADE

SE

Civitavecchia

ROME

A

Naples

FSRU

Taranto

Otranto (2003) PO

SE

Corfu ID ON

IONIAN SEA

Milazzo

Cephalonia

MALTA

(2008) Kavala FSRU

Thessalon’ki

Lemnos

GR E E C E

Bursa FSRU D ar d GULF an e ll es OF SAROS

CORINTH

Patra

Zante

Chios

Piraeus

Karpathos

S E A

Sidra

Mabruk

Idku Alexandria

Bu Attifel Intisar Sirte Nakhla Basin Sarir Waha; Defa

Sidon

Aphrodite (gas)

Damietta

100 50

ISRAEL

Port Said

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Vasilikos (unrecognised) Dhekelia Sovereign A MAJOR GAS PROVINCE IN Base Area THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN (UK)

W AMMAN

G

ZARQA

(2007)

El Arish

Ismailia Sidi AMERIYA Tanta Suez Krir SUM CAIRO Canal ED Suez Giza Ain Sokhna

JORDAN

Eilat

Aqaba

Taba

Submarine cables

400kV (1998)

FSRU BW SINGAPORE

SAU DI AR AB IA

Wadi Feiran

Ras Gharib

Gulf of Suez

Ras Shukheir

Zeit Bay Palestine: G Gaza W West Bank

Qena

RED SEA

Luxor

FSRU

MEDITERRANEAN SEA

LEBANON

APHRODITE

5tcf

ZOHR

21tcf

SEGAS

EGYPT

Kufra Lake Nasser

Halaib Triangle

TAMAR 10tcf

30tcf

Aswan

Aswan High Dam

LEVIATHAN Haifa

DALIT DOLPHIN WEST DELTA DEEP MARINE TAALAB WEST (WDDM) TENNIN HADERA GATEWAY MEDITERRANEAN SALAMAT Tel Aviv-Yafo DEEPWATER W (WMD) HAPY NOA SATIS Ashdod ROSETTA TEMSAH ABU QIR NOURAS GAZA BALTIM NOTUS MARINE RAHAMAT G Ashkelon PORT FAOUD

ELNG

Irbid

JERUSALEM

Ashdod Ashkelon

Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area (UK)

Competing proposals for pipeline and export options

Abu Qir

400kV (2001)

Haifa

Zohr (gas)

CYPRUS

Egypt, Israel and Cyprus 0 Km

Homs

AGP 400kV CLOSED (2010)

BEIRUT

le

OFFSHORE GAS

Hama

230kV (1972)

Tripoli

CLOSED

re Ni l e

EGYPT UPPERIPELINE GAS P

Sabha

El Sharara

Alexandria

O Nile

SYRIA

Baniyas

LEBANON DAMASCUS

SEMB Asyut N i S o u t h E a s t e r n EGYPT LIBYA Mediterranean Block Samah

NIGER

SEGAS LNG TERMINAL 6.9 bcm/yr liquefaction plant at Damietta; no exports since 2013 Ð both SEGAS and ELNG have potential to act as hubs for Cypriot and Israeli gas

o ff s h

Aleppo

Tartus

CYPRUS

PIPELINE

AIN SOKHNA TERMINAL The five-year contract for BW GroupÕs 7.75 bcm/yr floating regasification unit is scheduled to expire in 2020

Ragusa

Aswad

0 Miles

220kV (1998) future upgrade to 400~500kV

NafooraAmal Augila

Jofra

Murzuq

Western Desert

Marsa Al-Brega

Ras Lanuf

Murzuq Basin

El Hamra Marsa Matruh

MARSA AL-BREGA LNG TERMINAL Not operational for more than a decade Ð full replacement needed

Vasilikos

Delta

Marsa Al-Harigah

Latakia

NICOSIA

Future hub for Israel and Cyprus natural gas exports

EAST MED

400kV (2003)

Iskenderun

S GA AB NE AR ELI P PI

Zuweitina

CLOSED

El Hamra

FSRU

ELNG TERMINAL 2 trains, 10 bcm/yr

Sirte

Mersin

FSRU

Mellitah

Tobruk

Potential future hub for Caspian/Iraq gaslines

Kilis

Rhodes

Megara

G U L F O F Benghazi SIRTE

Malatya

Dortyol/ Ceyhan

Antalya

Revithoussa

M E D I T Crete E R R A N E A N

Al-Khums Misratah

T U R K E Y Kayseri Konya

Naxos

TRIPOLI Az-Zawiya

ATOLIAN TRANS-AN NAP) PIPELINE (TA

Denizli

Lavrio

Peloponnese

Kirikkale

Turkish Block

ATHENS Agios Theodori

Eskisehir

Gemlik

Sivas

ANKARA

Izmit

Aliaga Izmir

Euboea

Aliveri

Adapazari

EGEGAZ EKTI NEPTUNE FSRU

AEGEAN S E A Lesbos Aspropirgos, Elefsina

Ordu

KarabŸk

rus Bospo

Marmara

GREENSTREAM (Part of the WLGP). 540km Libya-Sicily subsea pipeline with a capacity of 11 bcm/yr, but currently taking a lot less Libya-Italy HVDC (proposed)

JEC T)

PR O

Istanbul Marmara Ereglisi Sea of

P)

VALLETTA

Lampedusa (It.)

GA S

I IG

Levkas

Term. Imerese Partanna Mazaro Sic ily Catania del Vallo Augusta Gela C h Priolo Gargallo Pantelleria i aram (It.) onte Gulfi Porto FSRU DELIMARA Empedocle Linosa (It.)

A

Samsun Zonguldak

Alexandroupolis

NORTH

TA IC ( DRIAT

Sinop

Burgas

Plovdiv

SKOPJE

ALBANIA

BLACK SEA

Varna

BULG ARIA

TIRANA MACEDONIA

T Y R R HE NIA N SEA

Palermo

Pleven

KOSOVO

Constanta

Ruse

SOFIA

PRISTINA

Brindisi Fier TRANSSan Foca

Gaeta

Danube

Nis

Bar

Manfredonia Bari

Fiumicino Latina

BUCHAREST

SER B I A

ICA .

Dubrovnik

Craiova

FROM AZERBAIJAN

BOSNIA-

Ploiesti

Pitesti

Pancevo

Zadar HERZEGOVINA Pesaro Falconara Mar. CROATIA SARAJEVO Split A POD MON Ancona D GO Ploce R R TE

IA

Galati

Brasov

Novi Sad

Osijek Brod

FSRU

Ravenna

RUSSIAN FEDERATION

C rim ea

G

S

Krk

Pto. Levante

Timisoara

ZAGREB

UKRAINE

EM

Monfalc. Trieste L Venice Koper Rijeka ADRIATIC

MOL.

Port Said El Arish

ISRAEL

SUDAN Access to electricity (2017, millions) Population Those with access % with access

189.35 187.42 98.98

Sources: SEforALL; IMF

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

31

Sub-Saharan Africa

New markets emerge in sub-Saharan Africa as more mature markets stagnate Power sectors in sub-Saharan Africa are in the grip of change. Smaller markets are starting to reap the benefits of recent reforms while more mature markets are running out of road as a result of policy failures. The energy transition and move to private sector financing in the sector are having a major impact

M

any sub-Saharan African countries stand to benefit from the small scale and comparatively simple construction and logistics of solar power. The introduction of affordable battery storage promises to extend these benefits still further. Malawi is making slow but definite progress with the procurement of four solar plants through a competitive tender in 2016, two of which have reached financial close. The International Finance Corporation (IFC) is developing the 350MW Mpatamanga hydro project and has begun tendering for a strategic investor, and Malawi is developing an interconnection with Mozambique.

challenges. In Ethiopia, substantial progress has been made putting in place a viable public-private partnership framework and improving the investor environment. However, the market suffered a setback when four bidders were disqualified following a rule change during the first round of the World Bank’s Scaling Solar programme in September 2019. The country remains a top priority for many donors and private interest has not yet waned. Both countries have highly disruptive foreign exchange environments. Angola suffered from the 2014 oil price crash, but has made important reforms, and a model power purchase agreement in 2019 was well received. The country has significant gas and renewable power potential.

Other frontier markets are not far behind, with serious endeavours to put in place the complex frameworks required for IPP procurement. Mali now has several IPPs operating or at an advanced stage of development, Burundi has its first IPP under construction, and Madagascar is procuring power although there are increasing problems with payments from utility Jiro sy Rany Malagasy (Jirama). Chad is also making efforts to develop projects. Liberia and Sierra Leone have struggled recently to maintain their early momentum but developers in both countries remain engaged, despite some projects changing hands.

Senegal has become something of a pioneer for private power development, with 17 projects in operation or construction according to African Energy Live Data, amounting to nearly 1GW capacity. These include the second largest wind power project in sub-Saharan Africa, which is already partially operational.To help stabilise the grid, the government is looking at a major battery storage project, which may be financed by the World Bank or privately. The disastrous 125MW Sendou coal power project does not appear to have set the country back.

Ethiopia and Angola have emerged as major potential markets for private investment, although both come with significant

Electricidade de Moçambique (EdM) has received plaudits for its decision to focus on transmission and distribution, leaving

WEST AFRICAN POWER POOL (WAPP) PRIORITY TRANSMISSION PROJECTS

n/ tio ing uc d rat nstr nne e Op Co pla 330kV power line

(with capacity and date of commissioning*):

Short-term A B C D E F G H I J

225kV power line Nouakchott

M A U R I TA N I A Kiffa

St-Louis

I

Touba

Dakar

SENEGAL

Kaolack

Mbour Brikama THE GAMBIA

C

GUINEABISSAU

E

MALI

LabŽ

L

N

Manantali

Tanaf E Sambangalou

Bissau

Coastal Backbone: GhanaÐTogoÐBenin 330kV (2019: now operating) C™te dÕIvoire: LaboaÐFerkessŽdougou 225kV (2018: now operating) OMVS Manantali II, MaliÐSenegal section 225kV (2020) CLSG: C™te dÕIvoireÐLiberiaÐSierra LeoneÐGuinea 225kV (2020) OMVG Loop: SenegalÐThe GambiaÐGuinea-BissauÐGuinea 225kV (2021) OMVS Manantali II, ManataliÐBamako section 225kV (2021) GuineaÐMali interconnection 225kV (2021) Project North Core: Burkina FasoÐBeninÐNigerÐNigeria 330kV (2022) OMVS Manantali II, MaliÐMauritania section 225kV (2022) GhanaÐBurkina FasoÐMali 330kV (2022 recommended)

Kayes

Tambacounda

Soma

K

F G

Bamako

Koukoutamba

Bolgatanga

Kenema

Boundiali

B

CïTE DÕIVOIRE

Man

0

Miles

400

Buchanan

200

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

32

R

Kintampo

GHANA

Yamoussoukro Taabo

S

SoubrŽ SanPŽdro

Abidjan

Kara Tamale

BouakŽ

Monrovia LIBERIA Kilometres

O

Laboa

NzŽrŽkorŽ

D

0

FerkessŽdougou

Kumasi

P Q R S T

OMVS Manantali II: MaliÐGuinea 225kV (2024) Guinea: LabŽÐKoukoutamba 225kV (2024 recommended) GuineaÐC™te dÕIvoire 225kV (2025 recommended) Mali: SŽgouÐBamako 225kV (2025 recommended) Median Backbone (MTB): C™te dÕIvoireÐGhanaÐTogoÐBeninÐ Nigeria 330kV (2025 recommended) Coastal Backbone strengthening, Phase 1: BeninÐNigeria 330kV (2025 recommended) Coastal Backbone strengthening, Phase 2: GhanaÐTogoÐBenin 330kV (2028 recommended) LiberiaÐC™te dÕIvoire 225kV (2028) Strengthening interconnection: C™te dÕIvoireÐGhana 330kV (2029) C™te dÕIvoireÐMali 225kV (2029)

* Source: Update of the Ecowas revised master plan for the development * of power generation and transmission of electrical energy, final report, * 2018

Zabori Birnin-Kebbi

Ouagadougou

J

G

D

H

T

K L M N O

NIGER

Niamey

Fada Ngourma

M

S IE R R A LE O NE

BURKINA FA S O

BoboDioulasso

Fomi

Linsan

SŽgou

Bougouni Sikasso

GUINEA

BokŽ

Medium-term

ALG.

Malanville

B E NIN

Kano

Zaria Kaduna

Q Dunkwa LomŽ Prestea Volta Accra Aboadze

Lagos

Gombe Jos

Ajaokuta

Benin City Warri

Yola Jalingo

Abuja

TOGO

Maiduguri

NIGERIA

Shiroro Zungeru

Parakou Jebba

Oshogbo Ibadan SakŽtŽ P Ikeja A

Damaturu

Kainji

O

C H AD

Makurdi Enugu Onitsha

Aba

Calabar

CAMEROON

C.A.R.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Section

The off-grid industry continues to expand and deepen its presence on the continent. The technology has matured to the point of entering the national planning of many countries, encouraged by the World Bank, which has been funding geospatial mapping to assist with least-cost electrification. Other donors are also stepping up their activities. In the solar home system sector, donors have moved away from providing equity – which is increasingly provided by large institutional investors and oil and gas majors – and debt – where commercial banks are becoming involved – and towards funding subsidy schemes and capacity building for governments.

SOUTHERN AFRICAN POWER POOL Members

Abbreviation BPC CEC EDM Escom Ð EEC HCB LEC LHPC Motraco NamPower NECL RNT Snel Tanesco Ð Zesa

Name Botswana Power Corporation Copperbelt Energy Corporation Electricidade de Moambique Electricity Supply Corporation of Malawi Eskom Eswatini Electricity Company HidroelŽctrica de Cahora Bassa Lesotho Electricity Company Lunsemfwa Hydro Power Company Mozambique Transmission Company Namibia Power Company Ndola Energy Company Limited Rede Nacional de Transporte de Electricidade SociŽtŽ Nationale dÕElectricitŽ Tanzania Electric Supply Company Zesco Zimbabwe Electricity Supply Authority

Type NPC ITC NPC NPC NPC NPC IPP NPC IPP ITC NPC IPP NPC NPC NPC NPC NPC

Country Botswana Zambia Mozambique Malawi South Africa eSwatini Mozambique Lesotho Zambia Mozambique Namibia Zambia Angola Dem. Rep. of Congo Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe

IPP: Independent power producer ITC: Independent transmission company NPC: National power company

Interconnections Applicable transfer limits and current peak demand per country

Democratic Republic of Congo

Tanzania 1,051MW

1,376MW

Op

827MW

generation to the private sector. Having negotiated a number of gas and solar IPPs that are now under development or operating, the utility has begun to move towards competitive procurement of new capacity. More programmes are expected, with KfW’s Global Energy Transfer Feed-in Tariff programme and an IFC initiative both in the pipeline. Mozambique has also put in place an electrification structure designed to sustain increases in access while reducing the financial burden for EdM.

g tin era uture F 533 / 765kV

330 / 400kV 220 / 275kV 110 / 132kV

Mini-grids have become significantly more prevalent without becoming more profitable. Regulation continues to cause problems, but with donors and governments convinced minigrids will form an important part of meeting electrification goals, this is likely to be resolved over time. Capital subsidies are being considered in a number of countries, having been implemented in Tanzania.Tenders in Sierra Leone and Togo for large numbers of sites are likely to be replicated across the continent.

Angola

Zambia

1,869MW

Malawi

2,194MW

326MW

8M

36 0M

W

42 W

420MW

Namibia

Botswana

695MW

Zimbabwe

610MW

Mozambique 1,850MW

50 37 W 0M

Lesotho 150MW

90MW

South Africa 38,897MW

1,176 MW

1,00MW

W

575MW

15MW 2, 00 0M

M

W

05

At the other end of the scale, LNG import schemes have tiptoed rather than hurtled forwards. French major Total has adopted an aggressive strategy, promoting schemes in Benin and Mozambique using existing infrastructure such as the West African Gas Pipeline and the Rompco pipeline, though the more traditional strategy of using a large anchor power plant as the offtaker has struggled to take off. South Africa was the most likely country to use this approach, having both the demand and economic clout to attract the necessary investment, although the capacity of local financial institutions to fund the projects was always somewhat in question.

258MW

1,615MW

eSwatini 232MW

Total traded volumes, Jan 2018 Ð Feb 2020 400 GWh 300

200

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICAÕS ON-GRID ENERGY MIX, Q1 2020 Total: 119,015MW Biomass/ biogas 129MW 0.1% Geothermal 831MW 0.7% Wind 2,925MW 2.5% Solar 2,860MW 2.4%

100

Other 53MW 0.04% 0

Natural gas 14,747MW 12.4%

2018

2019

Market clearing prices, Jan 2018 Ð Feb 2020 20

Hydroelectricity 31,026MW 26.1%

Liquid fuels 14,377MW 12.1%

Natural gas & liquid fuels 4,924MW 4.1% Nuclear 1,800MW 1.5% Coal 45,343MW 38.1%

Source: African Energy Live Data © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

2020

Forward physical market (FPM) monthly prices

US cents/kWh 15

Non off-peak 10

5

0

Off-peak

2018

Source: Southern Africa Power Pool (SAPP)

2019

2020

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

33

Senegal, Mauritania, The Gambia, Guinea-Bissau

TO NOUAKCHOTT

CSS

Louga Ouarak

Dahra

2

DIOURBEL

Malicounda

Gossas

Mbour

L

Foundiougne

E

S

BONTO

Ziguinchor

Caravela Carache

Enu

Buba

Bolama

Miles

Bayakh

10

GuŽdiawaye

Mbao

AŽroport

DAKAR

Pikine

x3

UniversitŽ

Hann

L L

L

L L L L L L

TOMBALI

DANGOTE CEMENT

L SABODALA GOLD MINE

L

KƒDOUGOU Mako

Gam bie

G

S

Popenguine

CIMENTS DU

umba Ko

ALGERIA

(under UN mandate)

MALICOUNDA

Boutilimit

Tidjikja

L

33 kV

Aleg t kV t Rosso 33 KaŽdi 3 4 X Dagana 1 2 90kV

SENEGAL

al L

SŽlibaby

Mauritania

Gambia

Guinea-B

554

137

33

11

30

15

190

161

36

(liquid fuels-solar) (diesel-solar) L

L X

Kiffa

g

Matam DAKAR

Mbour

MALI

MAURITANIA

NOUAKCHOTT

S

L

Bir Moghrein

SNIM GUELB EL RHEIN Zouerate L 1 BoguŽ L L S 2 BababŽ L TASIAST 3 FOUM GLEITA GOLD MINE SNIM (diesel-wind) X 4 AFTOUT AL-CHARGUI I II (diesel-solar) Nouadhibou W L L L X (diesel-solar) Chinguetti BOULENOIR Atar L L Ch‰mi GUELB MOGHREIN COPPER MINE Akjoujt ARAFAT I, II L

WHARF L SH. ZAYED S NOUAKCHOTT W

Sindia

Western Sahara

ATLANTIC OCEAN

BANDA DUALE L

THIéS

S

GU IN E A

Boujdour

NguŽkhokh Ngaparou

SAMBANGALOU

Mali

10 Ð 99MW

on

C SAHEL KIRéNE

DIASS

100 Ð 499MW

Saraya

L

500MW +

Gabœ

1 Ð 9MW

TiŽnaba

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

34

og

This

Pout

Sebikotane Diamniadio DSS

10

GOURBASSI

(Mali) H

nŽ

Senegal 1,484 316 235

S

ER OM CO VG PR NNE C OJ EC TION T

SŽ

Operating Construction Planned*

S

5 6 78 L 9

12 3 1 BEL AIR CENTRALE 2 (C2) 2 BEL AIR CENTRALE 6 (C6) 3 KARADENIZ POWERBARGE AYSEG†L SULTAN 4 KOUNOUNE I, APR KOUNOUNE RENTAL 5 AGGREKO CAP DES BICHES 6 CAP DES BICHES CENTRALE 3 (C3) 7 CAP DES BICHES CENTRALE 4 (C4) 8 CONTOURGLOBAL CAP DES BICHES 9 SOCOCIM 10 SENDOU (CENTRALE DE BARGNY) Decomissioned coal power plant

Capacity (MW)

C

D A K A R Olam, Someta 4

Rufisque

INT

MŽdina Gounas

GABò

TO BOKƒ

0

20

Tambacounda

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

ëles Tristao

75

Kilometres

GOUINA H

TO LABƒ

C

Cati—

MALI

S

H

Roxa Orangozinho

Orango

FƒLOU H

SALTINHO

150

Miles 0

Bafat‡

GUIN EABambadinca BISSAU

Bolama

B O L A M A Galinhas

S

VG OM

ArquipŽlago dos Bijag—s 0

Maio

Kayes

Goudiri

L S L

gal

Kidira

H

G

QUINARA

SŽnŽ

Gabou Balou

KounkanŽ

Formosa

Uracane Uno Bubaque

Unhocomo

Kilometres

Ponta

L

G OMV

BOR L

TO SƒLIBABY

Missira

B A F AT ç

SHENYANG

Mans™a

BISSAU

Pecixe

BERI DIESEL L BISSAU SOLAR S

0

C A C H E U Bissor‹ S

Lower voltage power line

KŽdougou

OIO

Jeta Quinh‡mel BIOMBO

L

L G

L

L

nc e ma sa KOLDA

Farim

L AGGREKO

Canchungo

90kV power line

Tanaf

L

Cacheu

L L

SŽdhiou

Kolda

OM VG

Oussouye Cap Skiring

AGGREKO BISSAU BISSAU DIESEL EMERGENCY PLAN BOR HFO KARADENIZ POWERSHIP MARTIN BEY

SƒDHIOU

Biomass/ biogas 225kV power line

Bala

Maka

VŽlingara

Boutoute

(dieselsolar) X

C Coal

Substation (inset)

A

Koumpetoum Koussanar

Basse Bansang Santa Su

Madina Wandifa

Bignona

Elena

L

KAMUNA

ZIGUINCHOR

Kafountine

C

TA M B A C O U N D A

Janjanbureh (Georgetown)

Farafenni

SŽlŽti

C

Žb

II L EMERGING POWER S

S Solar photovoltaic

W W W Wind

L

bia

BANJUL T H E Kerewan S Soma L JAMBUR S CG A M B I A Tankon JUFFUREH I L Brikama L S

G

Gainthe PathŽ L

Gam

L

E

Koungheul

Nioro du Rip

Essau

S

m alou

KAFFRINE

KAOLACK Karang

S

liquid fuels

Bakel

N

Kaffrine

II KAHONE

2 Gas &

M ATA M

Mbabane

Birkelane

L S

2

TO MANANTALI

KOTU L KARADENIZ POWERSHIP L KORAY BEY BANJUL HFO L KANIFING

I

Sokone

2

FalŽmŽ

Kaolack

F AT I C K L

S

Boulel

Fatick

Bassoul

Sadio

S

Diourbel

THIéS

H Hydroelectricity

Til

Touba

MbackŽ

Bambey

Khombole

X Hybrid

H

Kanel

ba l

S

X

H

a

DAKAR

Darou Mousti

X

L Liquid fuels

RanŽrou

BarkŽdji

AfŽ

G Natural gas

L

SENSOL S L

Co ru

AFRICA ENERGY C SENERGY MƒOUANE Mboro C TAIBA NÕDIAYE W S MŽkhŽ Tobne TOBéNE L L Tivaouane

This

Dodji Lingure

KŽbŽmr

G

L

Matam Ourossogui

MbeulekhŽ

LOUGA

Ca

ICS DAROU KHOUDOSS TIZIR GRAND CïTE OPƒRATION (GCO)

KaŽdi Dondou

Ferlo

G

kV

Sakal (Barale)

CHEIKH ANTA DIOP (TEN MERINA) S

nŽ

Keur Momar Sarr

S

GANTOUR W

SŽ

l

St-Louis

Ndioum

S T- L O U I S

Ross Diama BŽthio

SERREC

DAKAR Kounoune

Podor

S

ga

ATLANTIC OCEAN

S

Dagana SENERGY II TarŽdji

90

Rosso Kheun Richard Toll

n t io g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

n ti o g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

M A U R I TA N I A

SENSOL

L

MAL I

Kayes

L

kV

L X

A”oun 33 NŽma Tintane TimbŽdra (dieselAdel X solar) Bagrou 0

Kilometres

0

Miles

400 200

Access to electricity* Senegal Mauritania Gambia Guinea-B Population Those with access % with access

15.85

4.42

2.1

1.7

9.83

1.9

1.18

0.44

62

43

56

26

*2017, millions. Sources: SEforALL; IMF

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cape Verde

fing Ba

OM V

TO TAMBACOUNDA

G IN

TE PRORCON J E C NE C TIO T N

lŽm Ž

SENEGAL

Mako

Kound‰ra

Kakrim

Kamsar KORAFINDI I H

KALƒTA

AGC (KOMBO) L

H

Fria

S

KINKON

S

S Solar photovoltaic

Power line 60kV or under BAMAKO

H

ORION MAMOU

Mamou H

TINKISSO I

FARANAH

H FOMI

ger Ni

L

Faranah

H

H

FRANKONƒDOU H KOGBƒDOU

i

(part of Bumbuna II scheme)

S

Kissidougou

NORTHERN

H MORISANAKO San

kara

ni

D

TO BOUNDIALI

n io

Little Scarcies

N O RT H W E S T

l Se

S

L

TIO RCONNE C TE

L

Kabala Fadugu YIBEN

Mandiana

Kankan

Mong o

Kamakwie

S

DIARƒGUƒLA H

KASSA B

H

KANKAN

Kouroussa S

I IN

H

LAFOU

H

AÐMA L

DABOYA

H

Dabola

ilo

Matakong

BALASSA

S

KHOUMAGUELI

Siguiri

M

S

H

MALI

Lac de SŽlinguŽ

L

Dinguiraye

G U I N E A

K I N D I A Linsan 2 BANƒAH Kindia SouguŽta AMARIA H GRANDES H CHUTES

Tinkisso

H

MAMOU

H SOUAPITI

SAG SIGUIRI

H DIAOYA

g

Sanankoroba

I N AL IO M CT AÐ NE E N N UI O G RC E NT

H KOUKOUTAMBA

TƒNƒ I

Dalaba GARAFIRI 1

DONKƒA DubrŽka Sonfonia ManŽah CONAKRY Matoto ForŽcariah ëles de Los Kaloum

L L L L L L

S

161kV power line (Sierra Leone) 110kV power line (Guinea)

BaoulŽ

H HPita H

a

1

H

1 KonkourŽ River 2 Samou River KALOUM I KALOUM II KALOUM III KALOUM V KIPƒ Té POWER

X Hybrid H Hydroelectricity

GUINE

C

KAKARA

LabŽ

FƒTORƒ

TBEA SMELTER t

ala TŽlimŽlŽ at

Boffa

X H

Niand a n

H

INT OMV ER G CO PR NN OJE EC CT T.

Ba fin

POUDALDƒ H CBG L t GAC TIOPO 90 SangarŽdi L

GRAND KINKON

SOUNGA

F

CBG L BRAHMS S REFINERIES

H FELLO-

BOKƒ

BokŽ

X H

H BOURƒYA

Koumba

INT ER CLS CO G NN PR OJ ECTIO EC N T

H

H DIGAN

LABƒ

TOUBA

H

gon

225kV power line

Thermal unknown

I

ba

Gaoual

SALTINHO

Co

Biomass / biogas

t

Mali

Ka

Bambadinca

L Liquid fuels

t

H SAMBANGALOU

l

OM VG

Co rub a

GUINEABISSAU

L

t

TO MANANTALI

KŽdougou

Ž min To

TO MANSïA

Gam bie

n t io g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

L

Fa

THE G AMB IA

n t io g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

KŽrouanŽ

en

ak

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

M

H

Pujehun

100

MOUNT COFFEE

Ribeira Grande Porto Novo S‹o Vicente

L

Santa Luzia S‹o Nicolau

Miles

100

Paynesville

50

Sal

S ËGUAS PONTA PRETA

CABEîLICA S SANTA MARIA

W

MONROVIA

Zwedru

i an

L

L BUSHROD HFO I-III L BUSHROD ISLAND

Boa L SAL REI Vista W CABEîLICA

L KRU TOWN

GEE RIVER

500MW + 100 Ð 499MW

Greenville

H

H

DUGBE HUMMINGBIRD

L

Maio

1 Ð 9MW

Porto Ingls L GAMBOA

PRAIA

Guinea

Sierra Leone

Liberia

Cape Verde

830

235

155

235

800

6

0

0

238

237

12

41

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

e

TIBOTO H Pleebo

Grand Cess

Harper

CLSG: C™te dÕIvoireÐLiberiaÐSierra LeoneÐGuinea OMVG: Organisation pour la Mise en Valeur du Fleuve Gambie / Organisation for the Development of the River Gambia

L PALMAREJO X PRAIA (diesel-solar)

Ge

TO SAN-PƒDRO

Capacity (MW)

Harbel

Tapita

10 Ð 99MW

L

S‹o Felipe

H

Buchanan

DananŽ

L CONGO TOWN

Santiago Tarrafal Fogo

Operating Construction Planned*

X PALMEIRA (diesel-solar)

kV 66 S

Man

CLSG

Sanniquellie

Ganta

L I B Botata ERIA

ROBERTS INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

ATLANTIC OCEAN

ASSOMADA L CABEîLICA W CHÌ GON‚ALVES PUMPED STORAGE H CALHETA DE SÌO MIGUEL S ACHADA MOSTARDA W L

L PONTA PRETA

Tarrafal de S‹o Nicolau

CAPE VERDE

Brava

0

Yekepa GBEDIN FALLS H

y vall Ca

L

FAVETAL L (solar-wind) X

Kilometres

L PALMEIRA

Mindelo

LAZARETO L MATIOTA L CABEîLICA W MONTE GOA PUMPED STOR. H SALAMANSA S

0

l au

CïTE DÕ I V O I R E

Lola

Gbarnga

Kakata

HS

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com) Santo Ant‹o

H

Tubmanburg

CLSG

L

NzŽrŽkorŽ

H MEIN RIVER

ST PAUL RIVER

Robertsport

H

LOFA-MANO DIVERSION

(inexact location)

Sulima

200

Zorzor

fa Lo

(inexact location)

Kongo

Mo a

Turn erÕs Pen insu la

o an

GOZOGUƒZIA

Di

Kenema

H NZƒBƒLA

KAIHA II

Ce sto s

Sherbro I.

A T L A N T I C O C E A N

H

St Jo

Bonthe

SIERRA RUTILE

EASTERN

L BO-KENEMA (BKPS)

hn IN T PR ERC OJ O EC NN T EC TI ON

L

H DODO

CL SG

MOYAMBA- H SINGIMI

X (diesel-

Bo solar) SOUTHERN

St P

Banana Is.

PORT OF FREETOWN t

CLSG

SIERRA LEONE Moyamba Sew a

SALONE POWER

Jong

BLACKHALL ROAD KINGTOM KARADENIZ POWERSHIP ù DOGAN BEY KARADENIZ POWERSHIP G…KTAY BEY FREETOWN SOLAR

i

N

H H BUMBUNA L Kambia I, II KA MILO H L SO MANGE H KA N MAKENI Makeni A L B BETMAI Port Loko H L H KoiduL L RIO H L Beyla Lunsar Sefadu GuŽckŽdou M Macenta Lungi Magburaka TINTO Rokel L Pepel Masiaka H KENO H BEKONGOR III FREETOWN NZƒRƒKORƒ L Goderich H H Voinjama S CHARLOTTE SƒRƒDOU Waterloo Foya GOMA WESTERN L Kailahun

Access to electricity* Guinea Sierra Leone Liberia Cape Verde Population Those with access % with access

12.97

7.41

4.35

0.55

4.54

1.70

0.91

35

23

21

0.51 93

* 2017, millions. Sources: SEforALL; IMF

35

Côte d’Ivoire

TO SIKASSO

TO BONGOUNI

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

TO BOBO DIOULASSO

M A L I BURKINA FASO

TengrŽla SISSINGUƒ GOLD MINE

Ba go Ž

NiellŽ

SAVANES

FerkessŽdougou

KORHOGO

S

S

H TƒHINI

SUCAF FERKƒ I

Iringo

Boundiali

Korhogo Tafire

dam

B an

H

Mankono

Marabadiassa

Daloa

S

BouaflŽ KOSSOU

KOKUMBO H

OumŽ

H

Cav al

x2

ly

SOUBRƒ H SoubrŽ

LIBERIA

GRIBO

Niebe

G Natural gas

L

L

L Liquid fuels

2

2

2 Gas & liquid

C

C

C Coal

fuels

H

X

X

X Hybrid

H

H

H Hydroelectricity

S

S

S Solar photovoltaic

TIBOTO

Biomass / biogas

C

San-PŽdro

Tabou

400kV power line

100 Ð 499MW

330kV power line

10 Ð 99MW

225kV power line

1 Ð 9MW

90kV power line

0

Kilometres

Substation (inset)

0

Miles

Plants/projects

ASSINIE

AYENOUAN (solar-biomass)

(wind-biomass) AhoutouŽ

Djibi Yopougon 2 Yopougon 1

NdyŽni

I-III

Those with access % with access

Plateau IV

BakrŽ

Access to electricity (2017, millions) 24.96 16.47 66

Lagune Potou

AKOUƒDO Riviera

Abidjan

y ë. Boula

75

Population

Abobo

G GTreichville AZITO

150

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

36

Yopougon 3

G

Operating Construction Planned*

X

Aboisso EbouŽ Lagune Noe Elubo Aby

Lagune Aghien

SONGON

Capacity (MW)

Abobakro

H AYAMƒ I H AYAMƒ II

AkoupŽ-Zeudji

GULF OF GUINEA

500MW +

GrandBassam

CIPREL V (ATINKOU)

Fresco

X

Abidjan

2

POSSIBLE SITES FOR A TIDAL POWER PLANT

BIOVƒA

ABOISSO COMOƒ

AlŽpŽ H Bongo Anyama AyŽbo ABIDJAN

GrandDabou Lahou Jacqueville

LOUGA

H Sassandra

FAYE H

LAGUNES

x3

Ž M

G

ndra ssa Sa

G

SASSANDRA

MŽagui

Agboville

H

DABOITIƒ H

H BOUTOUBRƒ

San-PŽdro

TO GREENVILLE

TiassalŽ

GHANA

AdzopŽ

H SINGROBO-AHOUATY

Divo

H POPOLI

BASn tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

Lakota

Abengourou

COMOƒ

H TAABO

GïH-DJIBOUA

AgnibilŽkrou

X

(solar-biomass)

x2

Hire

Gagnoa

BUYO

MÕBATTO

Bandama

ZagnŽ

Daoukro

X Dimbokro BROU H Bongouanou ATTAKRO

Toumodi

Issia

X

KOTOBI (solar-biomass)

YAMOUSSOUKRO

Sinfra

Lac de Buyo

Guiglo

DAOUKRO

(solar-biomass)

H YAMOUSSOUKRO

TO DUNKWA

Ž

Nipou

LACS LAKE KOSSOU FLOATING SOLAR

DuŽkouŽ H TAHIBLI

Mbahiakro

Kossou

SASSANDRAMARAHOUƒ

H TAYABOUI

Tanda

BouakŽ

Bia

TO BUCHANAN

S

ZuŽnoula Lac de Sakassou

Vavoua

Man

M O N TA G N E S

Touleplou

Bondoukou

Como Ž

SUCRIVOIRE ZUƒNOULA H DROU

Bangolo

Katiola

SŽrŽbou BŽoumi

DananŽ Ity

Dabakala

KOUROUKORO

H

CLSGECTION CONN INTERPROJECT

ZANZAN

VALLƒE DU BANDAMA

D Õ I V O I R E

Biankouma Yekepa

Niakaramandougou

g e)

H

SŽguŽla

H

Rou

Sassandra

GAO

C ï T E

SUCRIVOIRE BOROTOU

Ba fin g

NzŽrŽkorŽ

a Blan

c

S

WOROBA (Bandama

Touba

S

Bole

oŽ

Laboa

MarahouŽ

Borotou

Bouna

u

GUINEA

Kong

Com

SUCAF FERKƒ II

Tano

S

olta

OdiennŽ

Ouangolodougou

TONGON L GOLD MINE

DENGUƒLƒ

Black V

Sank aran i

GHANA

TO PRESTEA

H MORISANAKO

L

Bia N

S

ABATTA G Anoumabo

Bingerville

Bia S Vridi PortBou‘t

Anani ABJ Anani 2

Vridi 2 VRIDI I G AGGREKO VRIDI

2

GrandBassam G

CIPREL I-IV

L SIR REFINERY SANIA

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

20 10

Sources: SEforALL; IMF

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Ghana, Togo, Benin n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

TO ZABORI

500MW +

2 Gas & liquid fuels

Biomass/ biogas

C

C

C Coal

330kV power line 225kV power line

Kul

GONGOUROU H

Jirapa U P P E R W E S T Azumah mines S SANKANA S Yala Kaleo paw

n

W

Bole

BANGAN

Juale H

Bia

Ankobra

TO ABIDJAN

x6

Ta n

Sekondi-

(Volta G R E AT E R A C subst.)

G

x2

SEPCO Tema MIOTSO

Accra:

S COCA COLA S KOTOKA AIRPORT S UNIVERSITY OF GHANA

Operating Construction Planned*

Lac AhŽmŽ

MO

ComŽ

Abomey

2 LOMƒ PORT

Benin 226

555

309

0

1,515

70

45

NOVO (Tanzoun

substation)

L AKPAKPA L MRI VEDOKO G COTONOU VEDOKO

Abomey-Calavi: 2 CEB MARIA GLƒTA 2 MARIA GLƒTA I

G KƒKƒLI DƒVEGO-LOMƒ

W WINDSTAR W WOKUMAQBE & GOI

2 MARIA GLƒTA II 2 GENESIS ENERGY PHASE I 2 MARIA GLƒTA III

G

SUNAN ASOGLI KPONE L BRIDGE POWER PHASE I G TCTPP-TT1PP CONVERSION 2 BRIDGE POWER PHASE II CENPOWER KPONE L 2 KPONE KTTP PHASE II L TEMA AKSA S TEMA FREE ZONES

G TEMA II G VPOWER TROJAN POWER

ARMECH AFRICA

(R): rehabilitation

170

Lagos

GENESIS SéMé-PODJI

L LOMƒ I (SULZER) L LOMƒ II (CTL)

2 MINES RESERVE t TEMA OIL REFINERY

Togo

Ikeja

L (R)

WAGP FROM ESCRAVOS

Cotonou (Vedoko substation)

2 CONTOURGLOBAL

W AYITEPA W W KONIKABLO

Alagbado

SakŽtŽ

LI G PORTO

Ouidah

LOMƒ

W Anloga

S

PL

Lac OU NokouŽ

20kV

L TROJAN POWER

5,310

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Avakpa

Lokossa

2 KPONE KTPP PHASE I

Ghana

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

AQ

AnŽho

S DAWA

AN RIC T AF LINE WESS PIPE ) P A G G (WA

G AGGREKO ESSIAMA Takoradi G AMERI ABOADZE G BEYIN G KARADENIZ POWERSHIP OSMAN KHAN G ESSIAMA ISOPENTANE 2 TAKORADI I (TAPCO) G GHANA 1000 2 TAKORADI II (TICO) GU LF OF G ROTAN POWER 2 TAKORADI III GU IN E A 2 AMANDI ENERGY G TAKORADI IV

Capacity (MW)

ADA

DEFISSOL

Yewa

Axim

Volta

YAM PRO

C

DaviŽ

S

KO

AQ ATLANTIQUE KO COUFFO LITTORAL MO MONO OU OUƒMƒ PL PLATEAU

S Onigbolo LI

Bohicon Ž Ouem

Essiama

S

no ba o a LI ne in Ab OG W fi S A um N A Ek NO d RIN A ) SUtpon T M tion l S ca Sa OA ct lo ast C a o PE inex e C CA (

S NZEMA

x2

o Ab

Atuabo

GENSER x 2

SS

x2

ap A C ND E M R KO GA ze SU ad

Domunli

ACCRA

Y RG E NE Z EI ND M YA OFO ON MBR SI

Foso WASSA Bogoso 2 L MINE H C E N T R A L GF POWER HEMANG 2 L MINE G TANOSO H ABATUMESU Prestea GENSER H DAMANG G Tarkwa Elubo S

KPONG

ZOU

no

VILLAGE

Mo

Akwatia Suhum

Pra

H

MomŽ-

x2

Aflao Sogakope W Keta Ashaiman OSUDOKU R A C x2

H AWISAM Akim Oda CORPS GHANA H KOJOKROM

Zio

New Obuasi

NotsŽ TƒTƒTOU H ADJARALA H

H

KƒTOU H KŽtou

Abomey

M A R I T I M E Hagou

AKOSOMBO HYDROKINETIC Asiekpe H x2 66kV

GOLDEN STAR

H

Tafo E A S T E R N Koforidua Kade

V

Dunkwa

AKOSOMBO

New Abirem

20k

Obuasi

KpalimŽ

Ho

W ANKOMA

H NANGBETO (R)

H DANYI KONDA

Kpeve Nkawkaw

P L AT E A U X

H KPIMƒ

NIGERIA SavŽ

DassaZoumŽ KƒTOU DOGO-BIS

3

Hohoe Kpandu

Agogo Konongo

Ejisu

H

COLLINES

Blitta

AtakpamŽ Amlame 3kV

V O LTA

JUABENG W OIL MILL

Tchaourou

Ouss

VOSSA

AniŽ

Afram

Lake Bosumtwi

Bibiani

GENSER 2 CHIRANO

AsawinsoH BUNSO

Effasu

Lake Volta

Mampong

Kumasi

OLOUGBƒ H TER

Savalou

Kadjebi Ejura

TROJAN POWER O

Bassila

20kV

SS

Atebubu

L MRI RENTAL

S

BƒTƒROU H AMONT

Tchamba

TO KAINJI

L (R)

BŽtŽrou

Sotouboua

Kete Krachi

Nikki

BORGOU

Parakou

DONGA

Dambai

ASHANTI

WESTERN

SokodŽ

Nkwanta

AFRICAN PLANTATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Techiman

Dormea Ahenkro Kenyasi o Mim

LANDA POZENDA

CENTRALE

Kintampo

Sunyani

L

SALIMDé S

O

Djougou

T O GO

Bimbilla

BRONG-AHAFO

Berekum

Lac dÕAyamŽ

ri

Bassar

Yeji

Wenchi

H

S

20kV

G H A N A Bamboi

S

L S

Bangeli KPALASSI

Salaga

S

Kara

KalalŽ

NÕDali

20kV

H

Yendi

H

BUI H

B E N I N

TITIRA H

KandŽ

SARAKAWA

S

Juabeso

S

KARA

Buipe

CïTE DÕI V O I R E

PŽhunco BembŽrŽkŽ

Niamtougou

Yapei (Tamale Port)

Damongo

V

S

X

N O R T H E R N

Sawla

L

Ka r

Savelugu

Tamale

KŽrou

Okpara

S

S GUSHIE

Kandi

mŽ ue

90k

Gushiegu

V

(R)

Natitingou

a

Black Volta SIGINIK

Bouna

ALIBORI 63 k

A TA K O R A

Mango

GLOBELEQ (hydro-solar, inexact location)

e Volta hit

DABOYA H

S

KURUGU

Pigu

Porga

SAVAN E S

Nakpanduri

S

KULPAWN

Wa NOUMBIEL H

k assŽ

S S Dapaong

Volta

Walewale

H

Ci n

Bawku

UPPER E A S T PWALUGU H

S

Kulungulu

W Zebilla TILLI White

S

Navrongo Red Bolgatanga Volta

Hian

S

Lawra

S

Tumu

Banikoara

20k V

TO BOBODIOULASSO BONTIOLI H

Hamale

Youga mine

operating at 69kV

bŽ

BONGO

Na

161kV power line TO OUAGADOUGOU

ga

S Solar photovoltaic

en

S

pi

S

Thermal unknown

m

t

H Hydroelectricity

Gaya

Malanville GuŽnŽ

Ko

t H

ka m

t

1 Ð 9MW

r

Sota

2

ge

Karimama

inŽ

2

10 Ð 99MW

Ni

ss

Wave

Ta

L Liquid fuels

u

L

DYODYONGA

BURKINA FASO

kro

L

H

100 Ð 499MW

MŽ

S Wind W W W

63kV

G Natural gas

d ja

G

Pen

G

H

NIGER

O ti

n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

150 75

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Ghana

Togo

Benin

Population

28.94

7.8

11.13

Those with access % with access

22.86

3.74

4.79

79

48

43

Access to electricity*

* 2017, millions. Sources: SEforALL; IMF

37

Nigeria Illela Kurdula

USMANU DANFODIYO UNIVERSITY (diesel-solar) SOKOTO COAL

Dosso

C Sokoto NORTHRICH CEMENT L S SOKOTO CEMENT 2

Argungu

n

Zabori

OGIJO 0 EARL G 0 G

AKUTE

Kilometres

20

Miles

G Magboro GREY

10

14 G 21 LAGOS Ogba New AlimoshoG G G L L L 2 Ikorodu 11 12 13 G Agbara Ikeja W G 20 G L G Ikeja 15 (Ajegunle) G G Ilupeju Maryland 16 Ijede LOS Oworonsoki n Ejigbo UNILEVER G 19 Akoka S 10 G L a g o o s IBESHE o G Agbara Itire Lag G 2 S Akangba G G L 18 8 Aja NESTLE G PIPP LVI 1 2 Ojo Amuwo- Ijora 17 Alagbon Odofin 3 4G G6 GENCO LEKKI Mtn. L 9 2 2 2 of Fire G G7 5

VOLT

Fokku

Sot a

Konkwesso

G Natural gas

L

L

L Liquid fuels

2

2

2 Gas & liquid fuels

C

C

C Coal

t

t

t

X

X

X Hybrid

H

H Hydroelectricity

S

S

S Solar photovoltaic

Kainji Lake New Bussa

OYO

un

Og

UNIVERSITY

Abeokuta

132kV power line

TIDO TECH

DANGOTE G IBESE SakŽtŽ

Mono (insets) Substation

Distribution zone boundary

A

SHOLEP ENERGY

S

G

BADAGRY

GHANA

S

NIKENANDO NAANOVO Ijebu-

OGUN

Lagos IKEJA

Ode

Sagamu Epe

LAGOS

lta Vo

0

Miles

100

G U L F O F G U I N E A

188.69

Those with access % with access

101.89

5,891

Onitsha D E LTA

G

Warri G UGHELLI Aladja G (Delta Substa.) EKROKPE

S

NASARAWA M

Yenagoa

B AY E L S A f

th

e

Ni

a ad

Ben ue

G GEREGU III G YELLOWSTONE Ayangba BENUE

S

Otukpo

C

Nsukka

ENUGU Abor

New Haven

Nkalagu

Enugu G Abakaliki Ugwuaji S E B O NYI UGBENU MOTIR DUSABLE G

ANAMBRA

ENUGU

Owerri

ABIA

Aba RIVERS

Cr

Port Harcourt

os

s

CROSS

Umuahia

IMO

G

o

Population

B

Effurun

Access to electricity (2017, millions)

4,061

o

S

AFRIENERGIA

AJAOKUTA

IBETU CEMENT t

REFINERY 2 EDJEBA G

PROTON DELTA SUNRISE G

14,679

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

38

OGORODE ETHIOPE

om

hs

Capacity (MW)

G

ONE NATION C

Sapele

ut

Operating Construction Planned*

AMES G OSSIOMO G

Mo

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Plants/projects

Ossi

H

Akwanga

Keffi

ENEGU G

EDO

ITISI

ANJEED

KARU

S

ITOBE ZUMA

GEOMETRIC POWER

Irrua

Ihovbor

Benin City

AZURA-EDO G IHOVBOR G

Ukpilla Auchi

NIN

SAPELE II (OGORODE) G 200

H

C

EDO G CEMENT

Owo

OMOTOSHO

SAPELE I

4 Ð 9MW

ABUJA

S

Kabba

Ondo O N D O BE ONDO I G G G II Okada

OIL LAGOS

G

FIRSTGATE

BAGASSE

EKITI

NBC BENIN t UNIVERSITY OF BENIN S

10 Ð 99MW

Kilometres

2Lekki G

H

H

GURARA Kwol

G ASCO KOGI FIRSTGATE G GEREGU I MIDDLE OGUMA G GEREGU II Loko KOGI Obajana G BAND

Akure G

EKO RAFFLES

100 Ð 999MW

0

OSUN

LEKKI ENERGY CENTRE

BIGHT OF BENIN

1,000MW +

Oshogbo

Kachia

Kafanchan

D

Abaji

Kogi State:

G S

I

FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY

pe

Egbe Isanlu

N

Zongondaji W Iwo S ROOK Itakpe Lokoja Oke-Agbe Ede Okene Ajaokuta Ado Ekiti Ilesha Geregu K O G I Ife Ikare

Ibadan

G ABEOKUTA

L S

Osun

OuemŽ

330kV power line

LS

LISTER G

m Ka

Ijagbo- OmuAran Offa

Ogbomosho

Lanlante

IgboOra OYAN H

Bida Niger

IKERE

Oyo Ejigbo

ABUJA

JEBBA Shonga

G UNIVERSITY S Ilorin Ganmo ISOKUN OLOPAN S

Iseyin Igangan

H

un

DOBWA JERE PAIKO S

I BADAN

Shaki

S H

Minna

KWARA

L G S

KADUNA

ZUNGERU H

SUNTI GOLDEN SUGAR

K1 KADUNA

S

Mando

SHIRORO

Kaduna

NIGER

KAINJI

H

Mokwa

H

Biomass/ biogas

Tegina

Kalama

Okaka

W W W Wind

Kontagora

Salka

Zaria

AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY

Kaduna

Ol i

Kishi

Thermal unknown

H

Babana

S

iga

Birnin- S MANDO Gwari

Ose

G

OuemŽ

G

Sa

a kab

Ibeto

Okuta

BENIN

Yelwa

Shafaci

Oy

n tio g tin struc ned eraMono n lan p o O C P

H

Kwanar Dangora

Niger

AES BARGES (EBUTE) EGBIN I MŽkrou EGBIN II AGURA Phases I-II, Phase III ODOGUNYAN ASM MBH POWER IKORODU IKORODU, MAYOR ENGINEERING BAGCO LAGOS, NIGERIAN BREWERIES LAGOS UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS ISOLO ALAUSA, IKEJA MAINLAND DIAGEO GUINNESS, IKORODU, MBH POWER IKEJA, WEMPCO, SANKYO STEEL, VIVA METAL & PLASTICS, NBC IKEJA

Parakou

KIRU TIGA

Funtua

KADUNA M ar

H S

na

TOGO

Zuru

Kura

CHALLAWA

Malumfashi

Dan Gulbi

Koko

E

Kankara

II E AS PH E I AS PH

18 19 20 21

S

du

17

K AT S I N A

Gusau

Zugu

KEBBI

Tass in Ž

10 11 12 13 14 15 16

PAN AFRICA S

Dutsin-Ma

Ka

Kara

1 BETA GLASS 2 GATEWAY SOLAR 3 DANGOTE SUGAR, Pendjari FLOUR MILLS OF NIGERIA, HONEYWELL FLOUR, BUA SUGAR REFINERY 4 POWERHOUSE INTERNATIONAL APAPA PORT 5 LADOL LAGOS 6 PARAS ENERGY 7 ISLAND POWER I 8 LEKKI 9 LEKKI ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS UPGRADE (LEPSU)

Okpara

Ot

i

Gwiwa Kurfi Kazaure AZURA NOVA S Kankiya

KauraNamoda

ZAMFARA

Anka

Lagos

G

Zamfara

Kamba

2 G

W W KATSINA

So ko to

Jega

S RIKO Daura Katsina

L

Imo

G

Ota

CORONATION SANGO-OTA G TOWER POWER G

TalataMafara

Gurara

A

S S

Sokoto

Ogu

BirninKebbi

SOKOTO

e

S

H

JIBIYA

Gager

S

FLOWER GATE Ilishan I 2 G II LAFARGE WAPCO G G G OLORUNSOGO Papalanto (PAPALANTO) Sagamu SOLONIC Arigbajo I II OGUN G t ENERGY Loburo LAFARGE Ifo WAPCO IBAFO

Ilaro

Isa

Rabah

X

Gazaoua

SabonBirni

Anam bra

RENAISSANCE IMPEX

a

r

Si

rba

NIGER

Rim

Awu

NIAMEY

Nige

Nig er

IkotEkpene

Uyo Calabar

AKWA IBOM

Ikot-Abasi

ger

54

Sources: SEforALL; IMF

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Section

N I G E R

CHA D L ak e C had Gashua

Babura

DANGOTE BLACK RHINO

Jam aÕ

DUTSE

KANO

BORNO

e ar

Wudil S Dutse S NOVA

Benisheikh

SCOTIA

Damboa

Gongola

Gwoza

Lake Dadin Kowa

Makari

Bununu

Yuli

I

S

A

Amper

PUSHIT

Be

U

Mubi

YOLA Song DASIN HAUSA

Numan

H

Jimeta

220kV

Garoua

a

H

Obudu

iri

Ž

im

yim

Wum 1 OBUNAGHA YENAGOA

H

er Nig

GG

D E LTA

OKPAI Ndoni

225kV TO

Nenwe

EGBEMA

G

Mbalano

ABIA

Ohafia

Wo uri

BAYELSA

Onne 0 G 14 aga San

G

C Afam Onne

BPL

Kilometres Miles

5

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Brass River

SPDC BONNY G OIL TERMINAL

8

Q

IBOM Ph.II Ph.I G G G G Ikot-Abasi

G II Bonny GREEN NLNG G ENERGY

10

6 G G 7 2

Uyo

Im

G I

Ogani 0

IDU G FIELD

IMIL

4 5

G G

A K W A I B O M Calabar t G Iboe ua

12 13

(Rehabilitation)

G

IkotEkpene Itu

o

Alesa G L

Okrika

RIVERS

2

Choba

Port Harcourt

y

SHORELINE G

IV-V VI AFAM FIPL G G Phase I Ph.II

Yenagoa G G

nn

Port Harcourt

600kV FROM INGA

G G G

1

G

Bo

Umurolu TRANSG AMADI G G G G 9 10 11

SPDC CENTRAL

AFAM: III

I mo

SHORELINE G

iri

CAMEROON

Oyigbo

hi as

C

SWAMP AGGP

ABIA

O ta m

RIVER

CROSS RIVER

Arochukwu

Imo

nyu

Sambreiro

n

Kim

Ma

20 10

Umuahia

G OHAJI EGBEMA Aboh-

BAFOUSSAM Mbaise am 2 PROTON BAYELSA OMOKU Owerri Mb S EVWRENI 3 ARIARIA MARKET, G G G PZ CUSSONS 9 PORT HARCOURT OBIAFU- I II 4 CALABAR 10 INDORAMA OBRIKOM Barrage deELEME Phase I Lac de 5 ODUKPANI 11 FIRST Phase II la INDEPENDENT Mape u Patani Bamendjing N 6 CET TINAPA BUSINESS POWER ELEME ABA s o F o rc a d (OSSISIOMA) G G Aba RESORT, TINAPA 12 GEL UTILITY G t 3 Ahoada 7 UNITED CEMENT 13 PORT HARCOURT REFINERY GBARAIN RIVERS Ph.I G G Ph.II 8 CROSS RIVER 14 NITORE FERTILISER PHC Or SOUTHERN G G OMA ALAOJI

An

Ikom

Miles

Amasiri

Uturi

IMO

Kilometres

0

EBONYI

Mpu

Nkwerre Ideato

hi

MAMBILLA

Ph.II Abraka Ph.I Kwale

0

Ab o

ENUGU

Awka

Nnewi G G G OJIKA Phases I-III Ihiala Orlu Okigwe

Oras

V 5K 22

Ogoja

Kuje

oss Cr

Lekitaba Gembu

H

uma

ANAMBRA

Oba

EDO

Gakem KASHIMBILA

X

Onitsha

H

As

As

KatsinaH Ala BAWARKU

ABUJA

Us

G

Asaba

e

ALA

Takum H Donga MANYA

G

Agbor OTULOKPO UMUNEDE

10 5

Suleja

Suleja

NNAMDI AZIKIWE UNIVERSITY (diesel-solar)

S

Miles

e in

la -A

Gboko H KATSINA-

BENUE

B

na

Yandev

Aliade

Serti

ts i

JOS

Ka

Makurdi

CAMEROON

Beli

0

G

F

Toungo

TARABA

Wukari

Kilometres

Kubwa Kubwa Dawaki Katampe Madalla Gwarinpa Cent. ABUJA FED. CAP. TERR. Abuja ABV Kukwaba S LR ARON POWER East Main Apo NNAMDI AZIKIWE t West Main INT. AIRPORT Lokogoma Gwagwalada (Lugbe) (Wumba) Gwagwalada New Apo

nou

GARIN H DALLI Tar ab

S KANO SOLAR

0

Exact locations unconfirmed:

BŽ

e

KANO S VOLT KANO

KANO

S KUMBOTSO

D Lac de Lagdo

Ganye

G

Tamburawa

MutumBiyu kw

Walalambe Exact locations unconfirmed:

Kumbotso

yo

aro

S

BAYERO UNIVERSITY (diesel-solar)

Yola S VOLT

Jada An

Kano

Dan Agundi

X

Mayo-Belwa

Jalingo

Shendam

Lafia

Ma

Dakata

FLOUR MILLS OF NIGERIA L

New Kano

Cha l

ADAMAWA

Savannah e nu

Louti

Gombi

Pai

LERE I, II CT COSMOS W Pankshin FARIN H RUWA MARABAN P L A T E A

E

Uba

a law

R

KURRA H H H

CC Biliri

S KURU

E

H

Biu DADIN KOWA

A EB BE D M TU GO AL M YA

S

S

Gombe

Deji

JOS

YANKARI

GOMBE

IKOT EKPENE

Chari

Mayo

NIGERIA

BENIN CITY

Gulak

Yed s

BAUCHI

wal

Zalanga

S SOLAR CAPITAL Bauchi L S BIOTHERM G

ACCESS ABIBA

Chibok

Bajoga

Madaki

Ha

Bun ga

LAFARGE ASHAKA CEMENT C

bbi

Ningi

EGBIN

Logone

o Kan

Buni Yadi

Misau Gwaram

Jos

NEW AGBARA

Bama

BirninKudu

KŽ

KANO

OSHOGBO AJAOKUTA MAKURDI

Dikwa

Maiduguri

Damaturu

Potiskum

Azare

New Marte

L

YOBE

ad

eram

Kano

m

KAINJI GWAGWALADA

ab ar

Ko

JIGAWA

L

S

H

ad

na Ga

a e ji

u

ES T.

Gagarawa

JO G AS AN DAIA P A US LA A Y ST JI I ICS GA W A IN D. L

S

i

LL

Dapchi

Hadejia

Char

Jigawa

Dambarta

KEBBI

Monguno

ug

L

SUPERGRID PLAN FOR 2030 BIRNIN FUNTUA

Geidam

Yobe

Cal

Nguru

Oron Eket G QGFE

Qua G TERMINAL IKOT RUSAL Iboe G ABASI ALSCOM 0

Kilometres

0

Miles

80

40

39

Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger

H

Ga

MOUSSALA

fin

Ba

Ni

C

C Coal

t

t

t

X

X Hybrid

SIKASSO

500MW +

H

H

H Hydroelectricity

S

S

S Solar photovoltaic

10 Ð 99MW

BoboDioulasso

S

H

si (R

Banfora

t

S

Tenkodogo H BAGRƒ P™ Youga

H BONTIOLI

Navrongo

Lawra

Gaoua

H FOLONZO

L L

ZANO

a ed zin V o on l ta )

Zebilla

H GONGOUROU

White Volta

H NOUMBIEL

FerkessŽdougou

o

Va l l Ž e d e Az a

S

ko

to

L S

Fada Ngourma

Diapaga

H

Ni ge r

KOMPIENGA

BENIN

Kainji Lake

TOGO

GHANA

Black Volta

ComoŽ

So

Kantchari

OUAGADOUGOU

bougou DiŽ

t S

irba

S ZIGA

KoudougouN

L

P‰ Boromo

t t

B

S S L L S S HoundŽ

H

Orodara

L S

o ss o

225k V

em

Til

Va l l Ž e d e

S

NIGER

NIGERIA © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

SŽguŽdine

ALGERIA Assamakka

225kV power line (330kV east of Ouagadougou)

C

a

400 200

Ni

MALI

TchirozŽrine Agadez

ou

Miles

gh

Va l l Ž e d e Az a

Kilometres

l Bosso

BirninKonni

DIFFA

L

L NOUVELLE

o

CIMENTERIE DU NIGER

ok S

BirninKebbi

M A R A D I Mayahi L L

I II

SORAZ ZINDER

CHAD

Nguigmi

LX

GourŽ

Zinder

Tessaoua

L L

Gazaoua I II

S

Ngourti

ZINDER

Dakoro

Maradi

Di lla

T‰nout

t

Goudoumaria

I II

L L

Diffa

Lake Chad

Hadejia

Katsina

Ch a

m

NIGERIA

Ja

MŽkrou Malanville

ri

Gaya

Malbaza L I L II S MALBAZA

ot

DYODYONGA H

AGADEZ

I II

DANGOTE Tahoua C KEìTA IllŽla Bouza

Dallo

Kantchari

S

SONICHAR ANOU ARAREN MINE

L AGADEZ I L AGADEZ II

L L

Dosso

L

H GAMBOU

S

SALKADAMNA

NIAMEY

GUƒSSƒLBODI

C

W EOLI NIGER

TA HO UA

L KANDADJI T I L L A B ƒ R I L H Ouallam FilinguŽ L L TillabŽri LOSSA Tabla S EOLI NIGER S GOROU BANDA S L S DOSSO SAMIRA HILL MINE

GOROU BANDA GOUDEL MTU GOUDEL PC4 NIAMEY II TAG I-II

Bilma

X (diesel-solar) S AGADEZ CSP

C

a

Dirkou

N I G E R

SOMINA AZELIK MINE

Substation (insets)

0

L

GOVIEX MADAOUELA MINE COMINAK AKOUTA MINE L X (diesel-solar) Akokan

Power line 90kV or under

0

AGADEZ Arlit L

150kV power line (Mali) 132kV (Burkina Faso, Niger)

BURKINA FA S O

NIAMEY

I II

CSP: concentrated solar power

Biomass/ biogas

Sirb

S

1 Ð 9MW

W Wind

r

20

L

I II

15 I II 16

S

CïTE D ÕI V O I R E

Thermal unknown

ge

t t

TengrŽla

GUINEA

S

S B US R K I N21 A FASO t

NIOFILA

100 Ð 499MW

W W

S

X 10

Kalana

(except where marked CSP)

13 14

t

22

t

t t

Sikasso

Dori

23 Kongoussi L Kaya L S

Ouahigouya Tougan

12

Koutiala DŽgoudou 19 S S 17 t 18

9 H

S

ga

C

7

L

L

ni S ƒ G O U

Dioila

L

L

t

ESSAKANE MINE (HFO-solar) X

Djibo

ien

L Liquid fuels

X

BAMAKO S

r ge

L

A

Ba

S

Fana

Koro

L H

San

H

L

L

gh

mp

n tio i n g uc d rat nstr nne e Op Co Pla

L

Koulikoro

Kati

Ouelessebougou 4 5L 6 8 H Bougouni L Siguiri

g

b

TO LINSAN

L L S

11 TALO

S

Bandiagara

Djenne

S S S

NÕDOROLA KOUROUMA MŽnaka SAMENDƒNI KODƒNI, MATOURKOU SOLENZO MANA MINE ZINA TREVALI PERKOA MINE DONSIN NORDGOLD BISSA MINE, BISSA & BOULY MINES 23 SOMITA TAPARKO MINE

er

DouŽntza

Ko

m

ie

SŽgou

H

ig

bŽ m ) a ka Na . Volt (W

H

Banamba NOUMOUBOUGOU

1 2 3

Kita

y ko

BARRICK LOULO MINE S L TABAKOTO Ba FEKOLA MINE L S MINE BINDOUGOU

S

Macina

L

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Gao

ua

Dallol B

AKUO ENERGY

MARKALA

Mopti

L

L

MƒNAKA

u

H

H

L

L

L

TOMBOUCTOU

DirŽ

L

NiafunkŽ

Tombouctou (Timbuktu)

L

AO

kro

MANANTALI

H

Goundam

M A LM O IP T I Niono

KOULIKORO

BADOUMBƒ

TAOUSSA

re

TO DAKAR

GOURBASSI

H

Sankarani

Sadiola

AYES oulŽ Ba

mŽ FalŽ

Kidira L Kayes H FƒLOU Diamou K L GOUINA

G Bamba (TOSSAYE) H Bourem

L W

Nara

Nioro Du SahŽl S Diema

YŽlimane

20 10

MŽ

L

Balou

Miles

ri

SŽnŽgal

Kilometres

0

N

M A U R I TA N I A

7 YANFOLILA MINE 8 MORILA MINE 9 BAGOƒ II 10 SYAMA MINE (HFO-solar) 11 SALOBA, SANA, SARRO, SAYE 12 TOMINIAM

0

dj a

Tintane

Ouaga Sud

Kidal

Pe n

Kiffa

1 AGGREKO KATI 2 AMIMER ƒNERGIE KATI 3 KATI SOLAR 4 TIAKADOUGOUDIALAKORO 5 KANGABA 6 SƒLINGUƒ

CENTRE

L L L

KOMSILGA I, II, III

Ot i

10

S OUAGA I S OUAGA II

L

a Õa

Miles

L SIRAKORO RENTAL L BAMAKO II

un

0

L SIRAKORO II

20

ho

Kilometres

L AGGREKO t OUAGA II

L OUAGA HFO Ouaga Sud-est

ou

KOULIKORO 0

Exact locations unconfirmed:

S S SCATEC

V 5k 22

SŽnou

Patte S dÕOie Ouaga 2000

OUA

Zagtouli

AL GER IA

KIDAL

Ouaga Est

OUAGA I

Dialakorobougou L BAMAKO

330kV

OUAGADOUGOU t

Kobalakoro

BAMAKO Sirakoro

Kodialani Kalabancoro BKO

A B

H KENIƒ BaguinŽda

I II

M

L BALINGUƒ G5-G8 H H SOTUBA

KOSSODO L

goŽ

BalinguŽ Lafiabougou L

Ouaga S Nord-ouest

Ba

L Dar Salam

Tessalit

TA O U D ƒ N I T

L AGGREKO BALINGUƒ L BID L BALINGUƒ G1-G4

BaoulŽ

L L

ger

L

Ni

AGGREKO DAR SALAM G1, G7 DAR SALAM G8-G11 AMIMER ƒNERGIE

BE NIN

Capacity (MW) Operating Construction Planned*

Mali

Burkina Faso

Niger

902

568

322

297

43

130

222

161

0

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

40

Access to electricity* Population Those with access % with access

Mali

Burkina Faso

Niger

18

19.19

18.76

7.74

4.80

3.75

43

25

20

* 2017, millions. Sources: SEforALL; IMF

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad

L S

AbŽchŽ

Ati

CHAD

AGGREKO FARCHA NÕDJAMENA AMEA STARSOL

NdŽlŽ

SOUMBƒ

M

Lo

am

bŽ

ba

rŽ

H

Bimbo

battery

Kilometres

0

Miles

200

KASHIMBILA

H

n

Banyo

M

m ba

n

Meiganga Maidougou

H NYANZOM NOUN-WOURI

G RI D

n Sa

Lom

t

GarouaBoula•

DjŽ rem

CENTRAL AFRICAN R E P U B L I LC

ob a

H

LOM PANGAR

a ga

Ma COLOMINES

90kV

H

H

DIMOLI

H

ong

EAST G RI D

Ny

a mb Bou

IA

Rio Campo

U

Ntem

IN EA Bata

H MEMVEÕELE

t H

Ambam

R’o Muni

GABON

Cameroon

CAR

Chad

1,522

25

314

657

0

0

75

25

118

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

OGOOUƒ BASIN

Mbalam

H

CHOLLET Moloundou

REPUBLIC OF CONGO Access to electricity* Population Those with access % with access

Ng ok

o

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Operating Construction Planned*

H

R

L

G

Capacity (MW)

Ž

TO BANGUI

TO UA EQ

BONNY

y

Kadey

am Mb

HH

mb Žr

H

1 H BŽlabo Ndikinimeki Bafia LEBANGA L Minta Loum WOURI Ekondo Titi NangaBertoua BASIN NACHTIGAL Eboko MUNGO H Yabassi Bakassi Batouri H RIVER Mbanga NguŽlŽmendouka Peninsula LITTORAL BuŽa BŽkoko Batchenga KIKOT 3 2 anaga 4 S BASSA G G SITRABCAM L NYONG BASIN Obala H LOGBABA G Evodoula LimbŽ Ayos L AHALA DPDC DIBAMBA L Douala 6 5 Abong YAOUNDƒ LOGBABA L L OYAMBANG Akonolinga Mbang HH EST G Mouangko EsŽka AKSA BƒKOKO G 8 9 H t Bioko Ngoumou L S 7 H GRENOR DOUALA G Mbalmayo Yokadouma LOKOUNDJE H Lolodorf MenguŽmŽ BASIN t MEKIN Ngomedzap CONGO Bipindi Meyomessala G L Dja BASIN (solar-diesel) Kribi Ebolowa SangmŽlima X SUD Kribi Deep LOBƒ BASIN BIGHT OF Djoum Sea Port NTEM BASIN H LALA MISSION

dŽ en

e

S O UTH

SANAGA BASIN CENTRE

LANCRENON H FALLS

ŽrŽ Mb

CAMEROON m Ki

Foumbot

H

Ngaoundal

Touboro

LAKE CHAD BASIN

WARAK

NgaoundŽrŽ

t

MBAKAOU H

tal en

(inexact location)

H BINI Ë

S

ADAMAOUA

t

t

OUEST

Bafang

a Vin H VOZGOM

BŽka

Tibati MAPE t

Nkongsamba

NDIAN BASIN Kumba

H

Magba Foumban

CROSS Dschang RIVER BafoussaHm BASIN BATIƒ

SUD-OUEST

MAMBILLA

Fundong

W

Mbouda

Tignre

200

Bamenda

MamfŽ KPAF H

BŽ

ar o

MBINJAL H MANDOUROU H

400

H KPEP BENOUƒ Nkambe BASIN N O R D Wum W OUEST

MENCHUM H MONTS L L BAMBOUTOS

Ma ny u

Žo

t

UŽlŽ

Nou

s os BAYOMEN Cr GRAND EWENG SONG MBENGUI SONG LOULOU SONG NDONG EDƒA (Mangombe substation) 7 NGODI 8 GRENOR EDƒA, Calabar EDƒA WASTE-TOPOWER 9 MAKAY

1 2 3 4 5 6

D

D.R .C .

Miles

100

NIGERIA

H

BangassouM b o m o u KembŽ

Moundou

NORD TchollirŽ BƒNOUƒ BASIN ouŽ G RI D

Djamboutou

MALI

Kilometres

0

Lac de Lagdo

NO R TH

KOTTO H

MOBAYIMBONGO

LAGDO

H S

H

Libenge 0

REP. OF CONGO

0

Ub a

t S includes

132kV

H LOBAYE RIVER (inexact location)

CAMEROON

Garoua

Yola

Lo go ne

b KŽ

Lac de LŽrŽ

EB SOLAIRE S ƒLAN S

F

t

i ng

BANGUI

H DIMOLI

Yokadouma

PALAMBO

I II III

BOALI H H H

BerbŽrati

Benu e

Bambari

ye

nŽ e TrŽ bi

LŽrŽ Lac d

Fafa

H

Bossangoa

Bouar

S

Ouadda

CENTRAL AFRICAN Bouca Bria REPUBLIC

H LANCRENON FALLS

Guider

m

EXXONMOBIL KOMƒ

Sarh

ha

G

Ou

Doba

S

KaŽlŽ

NIGERIA

one Oc cid

L

Ouanda DjallŽ

Bongor

Yagoua

i

CEMENT

Lac de Moundou Lagdo

Aouk

t

ari

Maroua

ut

L BAORƒ

La•

Ch

NORD

t S

Watershed (Cameroon)

Birao

CHAD

LA KE CHAD Mokolo BASIN

Power line 110kV or under

Dik e

Waza

Lo

on

g

Fianga Pala

Lo

Guider

1 Ð 9MW

t

EXTRæME-

225kV power line

lam at

Bongor

10 Ð 99MW

W W W Wind

Am Timam ar i

100 Ð 499MW

NÕDJAMENA KoussŽri

Biomass / biogas

Sa

Ch

S

t

H Hydroelectricity S Solar photovoltaic

400kV power line

am

Maroua

H S

Kotto

L L L S S

H S

Mongo

Ouh

KoussŽri

SU DAN

G Natural gas L Liquid fuels t Thermal unknown

Sangha

Massaguet

NÕDJAMENA

G L t

Lo g

Djermaya

L REFINERY S S

G L t

500MW +

Ch ari

P

Mao Lake Chad

Lake Chad

n t io g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

Faya

t

LŽrŽ

W

Logone

Amdjarass

Ouesso

Cameroon

CAR

Chad

24.28

4.98

12.19

14.81

1.49

1.34

61

30

11

* 2017, millions. Sources: SEforALL; IMF

41

0

35

Santo Antonio

SÌO TOMƒ

Thermal unknown

Miles

0

100

Corisco

G

ALƒNAKIRI 2

OWENDO G

200

Bata

H

H

100 Ð 499MW

G

Gamba

OGOOUƒMARITIME

L

CHUTES DE

H

a

H

L

CORAF t

Dolisie

Muanda

G

G

ENI MÕBOUNDI

DjŽno

PointeNoire CEC G

Madingo-Kayes

ou uil

KOULIOU

Lastoursville

H A U TOGOOUƒ

Okondja

N

H POUBARA

Boma

SARIS NKAYI

t

H

Likouala

N

t

CUVETTE

HH

Pool Malebo

NgabŽ

Kwa

IMBOULOU

H

Lik

Kas a•

i Fim

Liranga

o

Ruki

Lac Ntomba

Lac MaiNdombe

Impfondo

H KINSHASA H LINZOLO I, II D E M O C R A T I C H KINIANGUI LOUFOULAKARI R E P U B L I C O F C O N G O

H

A NG O L A

Kinkala

(rehabilitation)

Oyo Mossaka

BRAZZAVILLE

POOL MPILA L KINTƒLƒ t

Kindamba

KOUEMBALI PETITE

L

Ngo

Gamboma

P L AT E A U X

ouli DJOUƒ Mind

ng o Co

INGA

L

a

KOUEMBALI ni GRANDE

Djambala

i iar

Makoua

(BRAZZAVILLE)

Boundji

L

Okoyo

Ewo

Mbama

H MOUKOUKOULOU

BOUENZA

Madingou NyakiKayes

Loudima

Sibiti

LƒKOUMOU

Zanaga za

Bakoumba H GRAND POUBARA Boumango

L

Ž

H LIOUESSO

Pokola

LIKOUALA

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

RE PU B LI C O F Owando C O N GO

Etoumbi KŽllŽ L

Akieni Andjogo

Bambama

L

OuŽsso L MokŽko

Ngo ko

SANGHA

CHOLLET

CUVETTE-OUEST

Mbomo

MŽkambo

L

H SembŽ

Moanda L Franceville LŽkoni Moyabi 20kV

) la

L

NIARI

Nyan ga MOURALA H

Mossendjo

Pana

Tchibanga

N YA N G A

L

L

L

Og o

OGOOUƒ-LOLO

Koulamoutou

Mbigou L Mouila H H DIBWANGUI LŽbamba BONGOLO NdendŽ H L

BŽlinga

SouankŽ

OGOOUƒIVINDO

TSENGUƒ-LƒLƒDI

L

G A B O N

H

L

Makokou

WOLEU-NTEM

Fƒ 2 (MITZIC)

Ok

BoouŽ

L

Minvoul

Dja

C A M E R O O N

Assok Ngomo II Oyem

NGOUNIƒ

H LÕIMPƒRATRICE

Mayumba

Mandji

AlmbŽ

OGOOUƒ

ŽL

MOYEN-

NdjolŽ

Fougamou

LambarŽnŽ

L

ƒkouk Bifoun

ESTUAIRE

Kango

YAOUNDƒ

Bitam

L

L

Mitzic

NGOULMENDJIM

H TCHIMBƒLƒ H

H KINGUƒLƒ AVAL

KINGUƒLƒ

Medouneu

Akurenam

G Ntoum

10 Ð 99MW

Ebebiyin

m Nte

R ’ o M u n i Nsork

Nkok Special Economic Zone

Owendo

1 Ð 9MW

Mbin i (Wele)

H

U I BIKOMO H DJIBLOHO N E Mongomo H A

2

G

Cogo

500MW +

OmbouŽ

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Kilometres

G

TEC-IEE 2

LIBREVILLE

60-110kV power line

225kV power line

400kV power line

Biomass/ biogas

S Solar photovoltaic

H Hydroelectricity

0

S

S

t

t

H

t

H

2 Gas & liquid fuels

2

2

L Liquid fuels

L

L

G Natural gas

G

G

L

Cap EstŽrias

Mandji Special Economic Zone

A T L A N T I C O C E A N

IA

MEMVEÕELE

niŽ ou Ng

n tio ing uc d rat nstr nne e a Op Co Pl

R

RêO MUNI (SENDJE) Mbini

O Rio Campo

MALABO

H RIABA

Bioko

Port-Gentil

CONTADOR, CLAUDINO FARO, H MATO CANA, ROCA BOMBAIM DONA EUGƒNIA

H

L SÌO TOMƒ S AEROPORTO

L BOBO FORRO II L SANTO AMARO

S‹o TomŽ

L

NEVES

X (diesel-solar)

Annob—n (Equatorial Guinea)

Pr’ncipe

L S

AMPCO G

t SIPOPO

Ivindo

t

no

Ubangi

SEMU

bŽ

M

SÌO TOMƒ & PRêNCIPE

San Antonio de PalŽ

39 Og oo u

0 30kV

i iar

Ko

766 kV

o

Gabon

846 30

ng

Rep of Congo

Kw

Cabinda (A

T kV

Ž ou

en

Operating Construction Planned* 20

30kV

Bo u

Capacity (MW) ou

LŽ fi

U ng

Alim

E

Q

A Le

ha go

Co ng

42 Sangha Sang

Herbes aux ala ou

Co n

Punta Europa MALABO G

Rep. of Congo, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, São Tomé & Príncipe

ilu

Kwango

Equatorial Guinea

São Tomé & Príncipe

353

39

200

0

0

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

0

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Democratic Republic of Congo CENTRAL AFRICAN POWER POOL Priority Integration Projects (PIP) 1 Development of the Inga hydroelectric site and associated interconnections. 2 Electric interconnection between Inga and Calabar (Nigeria). Noire electrical interconnections. 3 IngaÐCabindaÐPointe Lac de Lagdo 4 Chollet hydroelectric power station and associated lines to Republic of Congo and Cameroon. 5 CameroonÐChad electrical interconnection. 6 Interconnection of the electrical networks of Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea. 7 Grand Poubara power station and associated lines. 8 Studies on the interconnection of the networks of the PALAMBO member countries of the Economic Community of Central H Uban ga u na MOBAYIBom African gi SaStates (ECCAS). MBONGO BANGUI 9 KolweziÐBendera interconnection project (DRC) to Bosobolo H complement the BenderaÐKalemie line. Zongo Gbadolite C A M ofEthe R BoaliÐBangui O O N electrical system and 10 Strengthening Bondo B A S - U ƒ L ƒ Niangara Yakoma DINGILA BanguiÐZongoÐLibenge electrical interconnection. Kib a li Libenge H UŽlŽ KARAWA N O R D - U B A N G I NÕZORO 11 Dimoli hydroelectric development (CAR). t H A U T - H AZAMBI S Gemena Bambesa Poko 12 Interconnection of the Soyo power station (Angola) with Businga H H AMBARAU U ƒ L ƒ the IngaÐCabindaÐPointe Noire line. SUD-UBANGI t Aketi Watsa LEPUDUNGU 13 Hydroelectric development of the three Lobaye sites to i Isiro H r i Kungu BUDJALA b Buta be connected to the 132kV Libenge line (CARÐDRC). Rubi Itim Budjala ala H Bumba t NEPOKO 14 OyemÐMangomo interconnection (GabonÐEq. Guinea). Mahagi Lisala WAMBA H 15 LPG and PV power plants to ensure security of supply to C Wamba I T U R I SOLENIAMA II Lake MONGALA towns on the IngaÐBomaÐCabindaÐPointe NoireÐ BUDANA H Albert Banalia BrazzavilleÐKinshasa loop. H Bunia a g Mambasa n m o i w l i u T S H O P O r u A L Irumu 16 Hydroelectric power plant to ensure security of supply to H BENGAMISA Itu Basankusu towns on the IngaÐBomaÐCabindaÐPointe NoireÐ ri TSHOPO Bafwasende ik Yangambi L S H ƒ Q U AT E U R BrazzavilleÐKinshasa loop. ml U GAN DA H BABEBA Se Bolomba Befale WAGENIA H Adopted at the meetings of statutory bodies in December 2013 Beni H RUWENZORI HKisangani Nkenda KISANGANI TALIAH H S t WANIE-RUKULA Mbandaka Butembo H H L. George Tshu Lubero H RUKI ap Ubundu IVUGHA Ruki a NORD-KIVU Boende Lac Ntomba Bokungu L. Edward Lubutu MUGOMBA Lake G A BO O N H Bikoro Victoria Opala BINZA, Rutshuru MATEBEIkela T S H U A PA

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

hit

eN

Kott

ile

o

W

S OUT H S UDA N

Mong

Alb e N i l e rt

Sangha

on

K

INGA IV 7,180MW INGA VI 6,680MW

KASAìCENTRAL

Dundo

LAULABA

C Coal

t

t

X

X

X Hybrid

H

H

H Hydroelectricity

S

S

S Solar photovoltaic

sai

C

t

as

C

(Panda SS)

Lungu Ž-B un go

500MW + 100 Ð 499MW 10 Ð 99MW

500kV+ power line

1 Ð 9MW

C

o nd ua

400kV power line

Power line 132kV or under

Kolwezi

Dilolo

C

Thermal unknown

220kV power line

H

Luena 24 H Lubudi H

19 H 22 20 H H 21

Kisenge

(R): rehabilitation © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Access to electricity*

Kilometres

0

Miles

5.74 73.03

* Rep. of Congo, Gabon, Eq Guinea, STP, 2017, millions. Sources: SEforALL; IMF

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Operating Construction Planned*

23

Tenke

C o

Chiengi Lake Mweru

MAMBILIMA Kasenga FALLS H 25 H H H H 26 I II V L. Bangweulu

p Likasi p e Lubumbashi Kipushi

(Karavia substation)

h

am

be

sh

i

Kasumbalesa

Kansanshi

KIMIMBI FUKA KALENGWE BUSANGA NÕSEKE NÕZILO I (R) NÕZILO II DIKOLONGO KALULE KIUBO KONI (R) MWADINGUSHA

0

Plants/projects 7.86

16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Pweto

H A U TH K ATA N G A

C

Lake Tanganyika

PIANA MWANGA (R)

400 200

Chingola (Luano SS)

H

l t

L Liquid fuels

18

TANZANIA

Luapula

L

Lualaba

H

t

Mitabwa H SOMBWE

Kibula S 16 17

H

HH

Sandoa

ga

Ankoro LuT A N G A N Y I K A vu a S Moba Kabongo Manono

H A U T - MalembaL O M A M I Nkulu Kamina

H PANZI

H RUZIZI III H RUZIZI IV

Nyunzu Kalemie

Kabalo

e

L

H

Luku

b

G Natural gas

Kongolo

r

G

Mwene- KABULE Ditu Kaniama

ezi mb Za

G

H

Luiza

BI-TUBIDI TSHILOMBA TUBITUBIDI LUBILANJI TSHIALA II KATANDA

A NG O L A

M M M Methane

Population Those with access % with access

7 8

H KAMANYOLA

H

BENDERAKYIMBI

13 14 L O M A M I

HH Kabinda 9 H 10 KASAì- H 15 Kazumba H OR. Gandajika 11

330kV

ATLANTIC OCEAN

n tio g tin ruc ed era nst nn Op Co Pla

6

H MWANANGOYE

Lo Lubao m a

Lufira

INGA VIII 6,750MW

Kwanza

10 11 12 13 14 15

H

lua Lu

4 LOVUA LONGATATHILMO 5 LUNGUNDI I 6 LUNGUNDI II 7 KAZONGO 8 MBIMBI MAYI 9 KATENDE

INGA V 6,970MW INGA VII 6,700MW

Kahemba

Lusambo

Mayi

HH H

L.Kivu

H

C

INGA III 11,050MW

4 H

H

RWANDA Kibuye

Sakania

MUMBOTUTA FALLS

Lu an

Feshi KasongoLunda o ng wa

Nzeto

Tshikapa 5

Chicapa

1 ZONGO II 2 ZONGO I (R) 3 SANGA (R)

Gungu

H

ba

S

TSHIBUYIA H X Kananga 12 Mbuji-

KAKOBOLA

Kagera

LAKE KIVU

H H Kalima S U D - K I V U KilibaH 30kV Kindu BURUNDI Pangi MUGOMBE H H H KAMPENE BUJUMBURA BUKAFU- H MWENGA S LUKENIE Lodja Katako- KASAMBULE MAGEMBE Uvira S A N K U R U KombeKibombo H H Lu M A N I E M A H RUZIZI I (R) Fizi ala Kasongo H RUZIZI II (R) Lubefu

(dieselsolar)

Luebo

RUDAHIGA

H S

KAS Aì

Idiofa

H

KWANGO

Mweka

t

H M

330kV

ngo

Co

Popokabaka

Ilebo

KWILU

INGA LINE KOLWEZ HVD I C

Maquela do Zombo

H INGA I 351MW H INGA II 1,424MW

H H H H H H

Kikwit

Kenge

AL H 3

Kwilu Kimpese

Matadi

Lukenie Sankuru

Oshwe

Kwilu

H

Kasa •

Kole

S

Walikale

mi

G

Muanda Soyo

HH Boma

Lomela

Dekese

HH

Goma

Bukavu KAILO H H MOGA ShabundaULINDI LUTSHURUKU H H II I

S

Lubilan ji

B

(B

U

P

E R KONGO CEN TR

H 2 H

Ul i

MONKOTO

Lac MaiNdombe

Mas Bagata Manga• ima nim Bulungu KINSHASA Dibaya KINSHASA ba

1

Luozi

Cabinda Lukula (Angola)

Fimi

H

Bandundu

Kwamouth

BRAZZAVILLE

Niari

PointeNoire Tshela

Nioki

Kutu

NGINGWE

i nd

Mushie

D E M O C R A T I C R E P U B L I C MAI-NDOMBE O F C O N G O

YUMBI H BELIA

H

Kiri Inongo

Bolobo

L

Ž ou go

RA I C ZZ O F AV ILL C O E) N G O

i

go

H

gw

a

ZA MB I A Kafue

LUSAKA

TO KARIBA DAM

Capacity (MW) 2,492 365 227

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

b e zi Zam

MOZAMBIQUE Lago de Cahora Bassa

ZIMBABWE

Access to electricity* Population Those with access % with access

92.26 17.53 19

* DR  Congo, 2017, millions. Sources: SEforALL; IMF

43

Sudan, South Sudan

L I B YA

EG Y P T

500MW + 100 Ð 499MW

L

L

L Liquid fuels

10 Ð 99MW

P

P

P Petroleum coke

1 Ð 9MW

2

2

2 Gas & liquid fuels

C

C

C Coal

t

t

t

H

H

H Hydroelectricity

Lake Nasser

Toshka L

NORTHERN

Thermal unknown

DAL

Biomass/ biogas

Wadi Halfa

H N

t W

H

L

Karima

110kV power line

Atbara Ed Damer

S U D A N

L

Nyala

W E S T K O R D O FA N

Lagawa Babanusa

EAST DARFUR

Buram

El Muglad

L

El Abbasiya

Kadugli

Gedaref

Hawata Metema

Lake Tana

ROSEIRES

BLUE NILE

Kologi

Kurmuk

Talodi

H

Pawie

GRAND ETHIOPIAN RENAISSANCE DAM (GERD) Abay (Blue N ile)

ah

Heglig

re

l

A r a b (Kiir)

Abyei

Gogrial

B a h r Kuajok e l G h a z a l Wau H

(diesel-solar)

Greater Upper Nile

S O U T H S U D A N Tonj Ni

le

Sue

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

Capacity (MW) Operating Construction Planned*

200

Sudan

South Sudan

4,241

60

0

2

536

20

NESITU

JUBA BARRAGE H Yei

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

44

JUBA

L H

400

t EZRA JUBA

X UN HOUSE (diesel-solar)

KAYA H

X PV TECH (diesel-solar) t

H LAKKI ToritH KINYETI HH SHUKOLI H

FULA RAPIDS

Ilemi Triangle

Kapoeta

S COUNTY

Lokichokio

Nimule

400kV

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

L JUBA

Mongalla

Maridi

BEDDEN

D E M O C RAT IC RE PU BLIC O F C O N GO

o Om

Bor

E q u a t o r i a Mundri

L

Tepi

Pibor L

Yambio

Baro

Akobo

)

Ramciel

M

Gambela

Yirol

Tambura ou bom

Jikao

Jonglei Canal (unfinished)

L

Rumbek

Nasir

r Pibo

L UN COMPOUND X

at

ite

Deim Zubeir

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

Jur

ob

h el (W el Jeb Bahr

Aweil Raga

ETHIOPIA

Malakal

Fangak

Bentiu

t

L

azal l Gh r et

S

Ba h

Hofrat en Nahas

Tek e

AND SETIT

H

Renk

S O U T H K O R D O FA N

B

Setit

H UPPER ATBARA

KENANA S E N N A R SUGAR L KUKU

WHITE NILE

Rashad Abu Jubeiha

Heiban L

H SENNAR

Rabak Singa

Kosti

Er Rahad

El Fula Ed Daein

El Fau

ASSALAYA SUGAR

Dilling

G

SOUTH DARFUR

Ed Dueim

Umm L Ruwaba

2

En Nahud Dubeibat Abu Zabad

Showak L AL GEDAREF

SENNAR SUGAR

ze

El Obeid

Ghubeish

Wad Medani

WHITE NILE SUGAR

Bara

L LAKDHANAVAI

AL JAZIRAH

L

Umm Keddada

W

Am Dafogg

NORTH KORDOFAN

Sodiri

Kass L

Tullus

ra ba At

Kolbus Kutum Mellit WEST DARFUR Kebkabiya I L L II L Tawila El Fasher El Geneina Zalingei

GUNEID SUGAR

AULIA

Hamrat esh Sheikh

L

Karora

Derudeb

t

(inexact

W location)

ERITREA

Malha

Grida

Berber

2

TinŽ

Rahad el Berdi

Haiya

I II III Shendi GARRI L L GARRI PETROLEUM COKE P KASSALA El Geili KHARTOUM Abu Deleiq NEW Aroma HALFA AL-SHAHEED Omdurman North L SUGAR DR. MAHMOUD SHERIF I-IV L L L L Khartoum Kassala New Halfa Hamrat KHARTOUM 2 AL BAGAIR H el Wuz Teseney S W JEBEL EL GIRBA L H

NORTH DARFUR

CENTRAL DARFUR

POWERSHIP RAUF BEY Suakin RED SEA COAST

Sinkat Tokar

TAKAMOL L CEMENT

Ed Debba

Garsila

L L KARADENIZ

H DAGASH

RIVER NILE

Merowe

RED SEA COAL

Port Sudan

Abu Hamed

il e

El Manasir

MEROWE

220kV power line

CHAD

C

RED SEA

Dongola

500kV power line

Halaib

Bir Tawil

KAJBAR H Kerma

W W W Wind

Halaib Triangle

A S E

G Natural gas

D

G

E

G

R

n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

Lake Turkana

K E N YA

UGANDA TO KARUMA

Access to electricity* Population Those with access % with access

Sudan

South Sudan

40.78

12.59

22.84

3.15

56

25

* 2017, millions. Sources: SEforALL; IMF

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia

n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

Eritrea: 1 2 3 4

L Liquid fuels

X

X

X Hybrid

H

H

H Hydroelectric

S

S

S Solar photovoltaic Geothermal

Afabet

Kassala

ASMARA

S e t it

Humera

H

TEKEZE II

ile eN

Gonder

ay

(B lu e Nile

H H Mendi DABUS I LOWER DIDESSA

Mota

Debre Markos

)

KARADOBI

FINCHAA-AMERTINESHE (FAN) H

H

W

Dese

Aksta

B ab

Combolcha

Bichena ALELTU: W E Debre W Muger H H Berhan

S

L

Dikhil

¤ 4W W 5 S S 8 6 S 7

n d ab

L BOULAOUS

GAD S

Dire Dawa

GULF

L MARABOUT OF A D EN L US MILITARY L JABANÕAS

AYSHA W

V

Dabus

1 QATAR ELECTRICITY 2 MAPLE INDIAN OCEAN GHOUBBET, MAPLE INDIAN OCEAN MAABA 3 ASSAL RIFT, GALE-LE-KOMA 4 GHOUBBET 5 SHANGHAI ELECTRIC 6 GRAND BARA ENGIE 7 FOTOWATIA ALI SABIEH 8 GRAND BARA GREEN ENESYS 9 AMBADO

DJIBOUTI VILLE

(diesel-solar) X

W DORALEH DESALINATION

L

X

L

Erigavo

Berbera SHEIKH

SOMPOWER Borama GABILEY Togo Wuchale (diesel-solar)

HURSO W Shambu 19 Nuraera H FINCHAA FINCHAA L Alemaya 18 W ADDIS Jijiga (FHEP) SUGAR Sululta L L Ghimbi L Gedo L Harer ABABA¤ ¤ Awash Asbe Teferi Holeta 1 L Nekemte 16 BIRBIR DIDESSA Guder 13 S 17 Dembi BŽdessa 2H 3 W W S H 14 15 Dolo H H SOR Bedele Adama (Nazret) 4 H HALELE- H WABI H H H 5 Baro 12 Fik WERABESA Gambela Metu H H Butajira 6 ¤ 10 11 WW9 GILGEL G BARO & GENJE GEBA I B W E IH DIVERSION L Ak 7 ¤¤ 8 H II ob Jimma TAMS Masha Hossana MELKA WAKENA GOJEB Bonga WABICORBETTI Tepi 66k H Alaba H SHEBELLE H Robe V ¤ Shashamene GILGEL (inexact location) W. Mizan Sodo GIBE III Goba Ramo Teferi KOYSHA Yirga Alem

H

Djibouti:

DJIBO UTI

L DUBTI

TENDAHO SUGAR

A l - Ma

SINOPEC ¤ OBOCK 1 2 L L Obock W 3 ¤ W 9 Tadjourah

DICHETO

H CHEMOGA-YEDA

Hargeisa

X (diesel-solar) S BURAO X HECO (diesel-solar)

Burao

Somaliland

T

H H

Bilate

I

R

Dila L

Adola Shakiso 66 kV Agere Konso Maryam

Segen

GENALE DAWA III

H

Negele

Yabelo

Galkayo

GENALE DAWA VI

H

Gode

H

GENALE DAWA V

Dawa

Sh

eb

elle

Dhusa Mareb

Beledweyne

T

A

W

Luuq

E ELE ASTE CT RN RI PR HIGH CITY OJ EC WAY T (E EH P)

Juba

E

Garbahaareey

R

Marsabit

Bardera

G

K E N YA

JUBALAND

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

150

300

Ethiopia

Eritrea

Djibouti

Somalia

4,549

223

173

29

7,807

0

60

0

2,445

12

135

0

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Hudur

Dolo Odo Mega Moyale

TO SUSWA

Operating Construction Planned*

Warder

Kebri Dehar

W

MEGA MAJI

Victoria Nile

Capacity (MW)

O g a d e n

le

Turkwel

Key Afer

Buhodle

Degeh Bur

na

U GA N DA L. Kyoga

V

Las Anod

Ge

REPPI KALITI ABA SAMUEL ADAMA I, II AWASH I (KOKA) Ilemi TULU MOYE Triangle ALUTO LANGANO PILOT, ALUTO LANGANO, ALUTO LANGANO WELLHEAD 8 ASSELA 9 ITEYA I (ADAMA III), ITEYA II Lake 10 WONJI SUGAR Turkana 11 AWASH II 12 AWASH III 13 WELENCHITI 14 AWASH IV 15 METAHARA 16 FANTALE 17 DOFAN-FANTALE 17 KESEM SUGAR 18 MELKA SEDI

II III I

Sawla Arba Minch EEHP

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

OMOKURAZ SUGAR

Omo

Ethiopia:

H

tro es

GILGEL GIBE V

H

H

G

SOUTH SUDAN

(G.G. IV)

X (diesel-solar)

E T H I O P I A

F

66 kV

H

o

Pibor

Alamata

Semara Gashen Weldiya WERANSO

TIS ABAY I

H TIS ABAY II H

Bahir Pawie Dar Injibara

s

Sekota

YEMEN

L L

Assab

sh Awa

DABUS II

Ab

Asosa

Bele

NABRO-DUBBI

¤ PROSPECT

Maychew

Nefas Mewcha

el

TANA-BELES H

H

Ed

Mekele

Lalibela

TANA-BELES SUGAR I, II Dangila

Guba

Hobyo

Y

Teke ze

Blu

White Nile

Transfer chann

H

Nasir

Chilga

Lake Tana

Roseires Reservoir

Sobat

W

INDIAN OCEAN

Dhusa Mareb

L

Dabat

Galkayo

L

TEKEZE I H MESOBO- W ASHEGODA

Atbara

Shehedi

ROSEIRES

L

S

Eyl

SOMALIA

L

HARENA

S

Metema

Dekemhare

L L

WOLKAYIT SUGAR

Kosti

66 kV

S S

S

Gedaref

W

Adi Keyih E R I T 4Mersa Fatma Mendefera ALID ¤ LR E Adigrat Adwa A I. Silase Axum 3

E

SUDAN

Garowe

ETH. A

132kV power line

L X (diesel-solar-wind)

Buhodle

Dahlak L Archipelago 33 L HIRGIGO kV 1 2 66kV L Keren Massawa Akordat L L

Halhal

Barentu

Las Anod

X

E

Teseney

230kV power line

Qardho

Puntland

(dieselsolar)

L

400kV power line

Hafun

S

(diesel-solar) BISHO GOLD L X MINE

500kV power line

Bosaso

D

Biomass

GRAND ETHIOPIAN RENAISSANCE DAM (GERD)

Farasan Is.

L

¤

KHARTOUM

N

¤

X

Erigavo

E

¤

Alula

Badhan

1* Ð 9MW

Nakfa

300 150 (diesel-solar) L

R

ile

Miles

10 Ð 99MW *0.5MW in Somalia

W W W Wind

Kilometres

0

SAUDI ARABIA

100 Ð 499MW

EMBA DERHO BELEZA AREZA, MAINDA COLLULI POTASH

A

L

66kV

L

500MW +

0

SOMALIA Baidoa Jowhar

SOUTHWEST SOMALIA e Sh

le bel

Buaale

MOGADISHU Merca

INDIAN OCEAN © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

TO KISMAYO

Access to electricity* Population Those with access % with access

Ethiopia

Eritrea

Djibouti

92.66

5.93

1.02

40.77

2.85

0.61

44

48

60

* 2017, millions. Sources: SEforALL; IMF

45

Uganda

Kilometres

0

Miles

TO JUBA

W hi te

100

Nimule

Koch Moyo i

Madi Opei

Yumbe Koboko

e

k a

L

T

F I

R T

Sem lik i

A

G R E

12 11 Mpondwe H

H

ha

Lake Edward

H

Birira

H

Kisoro

H

SERO ISE HA

Kabale

ile

to ria Nile

Vic

Mityana

Mbirizi

X

NSONGEZI (NSHUNGYEZI)

Mirama H

H

Matimba

H KIKAGATI

Ka

ger

Namungoona MPIGI Buloba

BUR. Plants/projects Operating Construction Planned*

H RUSUMO FALLS

N

Majanji

ia zo

K E N YA

Sigulu I.

Bugaia I.

Lolui I.

Jana I.

Winam Gulf

Bubeke I.

nd

s

500MW + 100 Ð 499MW

Mutundwe 0

Km

0

Miles

TA N Z A N I A

10

KAMPALA Lugogo Queensway Ggaba

L

Mukono Namanve South Indust. Park MUKONO Luzira Indust.Park

5

TANZANIA

Capacity (MW) 1,287 641 105

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. Search for a power plant or project at www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

46

KIMAKA

Webuye

S BUSITEMA UNIVERSITY

Busia

Kome I.

NAMANVE

WAKISO

agera

MAYUGE SUGAR

S BUFULUBI

L ELECTRO-MAXX

Tororo S TORORO N

Bugiri

1 Ð 9MW

Nansana K A M P A L A Kampala N

RWANDA

Ak

Nagongera

Buvuma I.

Damba I.

Bukoba Kawanda

KIGALI

RIRIMA H

Kyaka

Wakiso

Nyabaron go

Jinja

Mbale

SAIL

Iganga

SITI I SITI II BUKWA

SIRONKO

Kaliro

KAKIRA SUGAR

H

SIRIMITYO

10 Ð 99MW a

MUVUMBE

Shango

H

H MBIGI

Lake Victoria

Mubanzi

Mutukula

Kamuli

H

Bukasa I.

la e Is Sses

Kyotera

H

H

LUGAZI SUGAR

Kalangala

Bugala I.

KEERE

ATARI H

Kapchorwa

Sironko

Pallisa

Lake Nakuwa

H BUGUMIRA ISIMBA H

ury Channel Salisb (solardiesel)

A

Mukono

NAMUGOGA S CSP

Bukakata

D

BUJAGALI FALLS H KIIRA L NALUBAALE HH

Entebbe

Masaka

Kumi

E A S T E R N R E G I O N BULAMBULI HH SIPI FALLS H

Wobulenzi

Mpigi

Mbarara

Ntungamo

Kasana

KAMPALA

Kabulasoke

Kelim

Opuyo

Serere

Kyoga

N

Kawanda

Sembabule

Rushere

BIRARA NYAMABUYE

ga

A

SEKANYONYI (solar-biomass) X

S to n

Ruizi

Rukungiri H

Mubende

Nakapiripirit L. Bisina

S S

Soroti

Bukedea

Kapeeka Busunja Bombo

L.Wamala

Kazo

Lake

Bukuya

MUBENDE S

Ka

Lake Kojweri

Namasale

CENTRAL REGION

Kakumiro

Nkonge

¤

ISHASHA

G

Kiboga

Bwizibwera MOTO

U

Amuria Katakwi

Lake Kwania

Nakitoma

afu

Ibanda

CRESTA KYAMBURA

Ishaka

rt N

Kisala

Kiganda

Kamwenge

H MPANGA Kasozi Lake George H

Katwe

Ishas

Nkenda

13

Hoima

Kahungye

Kasese

Abako Agwata

Kafu

Bukwiri

WESTERN REGION

Aloi

Aloro

Masindi KINYARA SUGAR

ok Ok

TO LESSOS

S

Kotido

Wiawer

a

H

Patongo

i tor Vi c e Nil

10 H

Rugonjo

S

Agago

Lira

KARUMA

ibwa Sez

u

H

Nakasongola Kaweweta

Kyenjojo Kyegegwa

H 7 H

L

H PACHWA

Kagadi M Kibaale

H

Kigumba

i

H

8H 9H

¤

H BUSERUKA

Kabaale Munteme

H

Tilenga MURCHISON FALLS G BULIISA

H WAKI

KIBIRO

H BUKINDA

Kalongo

Moroto

KIBA AYAGO ORIANG H

ziz

34

H H

H

rt

NKUSI

Fort Portal

H1 H 2

E

G

Nkusi

Bundibugyo

56

Y

Kingfisher

LOWER NKUSI

MUZIZI H

Pakwach

KAISO

LAKE G ALBERT

¤ BURANGA

Beni

e

NORTHERN REGION Gulu

K

A

V

A

lb

K E N YA

Acholibur

ACHWA H H ACHWA V IV

PANYIGORO ¤

L

L

HH

PABBO

Kaabong

Olwiyo

Nebbi

H

H

H L

Bunia

ri Itu

S

Ora

NYAGAK III NYAGAK II NYAGAK I

H ACHWA II H ACHWA I H ACHWA III

Karenga

Namokora

Kitgum

Palaro

be

Kib ali

1 NDUGUTU 2 SINDILA 3 KAKAKA 4 RWIMI 5 MOBUKU I (KILEMBE MINES) 6 BUGOYE (MOBUKU II) 7 MOBUKU III (KASESE COBALT) 8 KATOOKE 9 NYAMWAMBA 10 NYAMAGASANI I 11 NYAMAGASANI II 12 LUBILIA KAWEMBE 13 FABER CAPITAL

Rhino Camp

Arua

Atiak

Al

H

OKULECERE

Anya u

Ac

Adjumani

Obongi

Palabek

a hw

D E M O C R AT I C REPUBLIC OF CONGO

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

SOUTH SUDAN

ile N

50

Dopeth

0

Mara

n tio ing uc d rat nstr nne e Op Co Pla

G

G

G Natural gas

L

L

L Liquid fuels

X

X

X Hybrid

H

H

H Hydroelectricity

S

S

S Solar photovoltaic

n ti o g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

¤

¤

Geothermal Biomass / biogas 400kV power line 220kV power line 132kV power line

(except where marked CSP)

W W W Wind

¤

Substation CSP: concentrated solar power

Access to electricity (2017, millions) Population Those with access % with access

37.67 8.29 22

Sources: SEforALL; IMF

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Om o

Ilemi Triangle

L. Chew Bahir

North I.

Mega

Lake Turkana

R

NABUYOLE FALLS (Lake Rudolf) NZOIA SUGAR MUMIAS SUGAR Central I. MWALE MEDICAL & TECHNOLOGY CITY 5 BUTALI SUGAR 6 SIAYA Lodwar 7 KOGELO 8 SAKHALA 9 KIMWARER Loiyangalani 10 ELDOSOL I II III E A 11 RADIANT ENERGY South I. WWW 12 KESSES I, II 13 NANDI FOREST LAKE 14 KOPERE TURKANA Lokichar 15 CHEMELIL SUGAR 16 MUHORONI, R I F T MUHORONI SUGAR BARRIER S SAMBURU I 17 FINLAYS TEA VALLEY 18 BLUESEA BELGUT 19 SANGORO H TURKWEL Baragoi 20 SONDO MIRIU 21 NYAKWERE HILLS 22 MAGWAGWA Ortum 23 KIPSONOI CEMTECH POKOT C 24 NYAMASEGE Kapenguria 25 TRANSMARA EMBOBUT H ¤ 26 S NYANZA SUGAR Tot am 27 KUJA Su ARROR Maralal 28 BLUESEA Kitale RIVER LAMBWE H BARINGOTEREMI SILALI VALLEY FALLS

Kimende

KIAMBU

Suswa

Ba W

Limuru

A OSERIAN I, II, III Ruiru B OLKARIA II, IV, VI, VII Kiambu C OLKARIA I units I-III, S M TWO RIVERS OLKARIA III DANDORA (diesel-solar) D OLKARIA I units IV-VI Njiru X Kikuyu E OLKARIA V, WELLHEAD Town F AKIIRA G LONGONOT Embakasi KIBIRA H OLKARIA OW Kimuka Ngong N A I R O B I KAPA S S NBO I NGONG I, II REFINERIES MACH. W X WW Athi J NGONG HILLS (solar-wind) Athi K CHANGEM K A J I A D O I J K L Ongata River L OL DANYAT Rongai NL L O M KENYATTA UNIVERSITY CORNER W BARIDI Kitengela X N TRIUMPH POWER O GULF RIVER (solar-biomass)

T

Marsabit

EEH P

Log-Logo

Wajir

R

Laisamis

I

K E N Y A

L

G

SOMALIA

NORTHEASTERN Habaswein

29 30 31 32 33 34

F

Kimilili Mado BARINGO Tororo Ewas 1 8 Iten MATHENGE ¤ Lake Gashi Webuye H Eldoret H 9H Baringo 2 H giro Garbatula Marigat 10 Busia Myanga S 11 S S Kabarnet 3 5 Isiolo MERU 12 H KIMWARER S W Maua TIMAU 4 S Kakamega S S Eldama Rumuruti Rangala WESTERN W W BLUESEA MERU I, II L.Bogoria S Ravine Lessos H Nyahururu Nanyuki S MUNYI H Meru 6 S 13 S 14 7 S 29 30 31 32 33 15 MUTUNGURU H Chogoria S S¤ ¤ ¤ 16 L Bondo Kisumu 19 20 Rongai MIDLAND I, II HIGH t 17 21 WW N YA N Z A WH H Nakuru W Kericho 36 S 37 GRAND Nyeri Ishiara H 18 Sondu Homa Bay FALLS Gilgil H H Chemosit 22 H 39 49 34 HH 35 38 Sindu W 28 Kisii 23 H EBURRU Githambo H Embu Sotik HS ¤ 46 H 48 H 40 Ndhiwa 45 41 H 24 H H 47 44 Bomet R I F T Naivasha C E N T R A L 42 H H Awendo HH S S Karungu VALLEY SS Mwingi L 43 Suswa H 26 25 S Kilgoris Narok Kihancha Thika H S KITUI LOOOP 27 NAIROBI OLETUKATNairobi E Isebania Lolgorien OLENKULUO H KITUI Embakasi LESHOTA H Mwala Kitui Kimuka Nyamongo Machakos Mara EASTERN OLDORKO H THWAKE Isinya H Konza Kajiado Wote Mutomo L. Magadi Magadi W Sultan KIPETO Hamud n tio g MAKINDU tin ruc ed S era onst lann DEVKI p O C Lake P MERRUESHI C Natron Kibwezi Namanga L L L Liquid fuels H

oN

L o rian Swam p

EEH P

T

GOGAR KABARAK UNIVERSITY ORRPOWER 22 MENENGAI QUANTUM POWER MENENGAI SOSIAN MENENGAI N MATHIOYA, S MATHIOYA SAGANA III KIAMARIGA NYAMINDI CASCADE ENA MATIRI GITUGI WANJII TANA MUNYU MASINGA KAMBURU, SEVEN FORKS GITARU KINDARUMA KARURA KIAMBERE

35 36 37 Dadaab 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45

Laga D e r a

H

S GARISSA

Ta na

Garissa

V

Lake Victoria

Mandera

thi

NAIROBI

STERN

¤

Kerio

Longonot

NAKURU

NAROK

A

Turkwel

U G AN D A

¤ ¤ ¤ ¤ H ¤

G

Th ik

¤ C

¤

D E ¤ G F

M U R A N GÕA

B

S ¤

E

1 2 3 4

40 20

ale

Lokitaung Lokichokio

¤

Miles

NYANDARUA

Lake Naivasha

A

Kilometres

0

en

ETHIOPIA

0

a

Y RICIT LECT E RN E ECT EAST PROJ WAY HIGH (EEHP)

SO U TH SU DAN

Naivasha

TO WOLAITA SODO

G

TO KAPOETA

Kenya

A

46 47 48 49

Bura

C

L

Hola

L

E

2 Gas & liquid fuels C Coal

t

t

t

X

X

X Hybrid

H

H

H Hydroelectricity

100 Ð 499MW

S

S

S Solar photovoltaic

10 Ð 99MW

Thermal unknown 500MW +

¤

¤

Oloitokitok Tsa

Tsavo

S

Pate I. Manda I.

Lamu

W MPEKETONI

TANA RIVER Ungwana Bay

BARICHO

Galana WATERWORKS X

Malindi

MALINDI S

Voi

Taveta

Bamba Kilifi

ATHI RIVER MINING

L. Pangani

G

W MOMBASA CEMENT C

SAMBURU II S

I NDI A N O CEA N

Mariakani

Geothermal

MWACHE H L RABAI

T A N Z A N I A

Biomass/ biogas

Kwale

Mombasa

TIOMIN t

Galu

Pa

500kV power line

n

ga

400kV power line 220kV power line

0

Kilometres

132kV power line

0

Miles

Plants/projects Operating Construction Planned*

vo

33kV, upgrade to 123kV

Arusha

3 Ð 9MW

W W W Wind

¤

ZAMB IA-T KENYAANZANIA(ZTK) INTER CONN PROJE ECTION CT

2 C

WITU S

COAST

i Ath

Y

2 C

L. Amboseli

Hindi

Garsen

ni

TO TANGA

Capacity (MW) 2,866 448 729

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. Search for a power plant or project at www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

L KIPEVU III L

KWALE SUGAR (KISCOL)

200 100

L KIPEVU I L KIPEVU II (TSAVO)

G

KPR

DONGO KUNDU

Pemba I.

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Access to electricity (2017, millions) Population Those with access % with access

46.73 29.91 64

Sources: SEforALL; IMF

47

Rwanda, Burundi, Malawi

Shango

RWONDO

H

Kibogora

RWABUSORO

P

n y aru

Uvira

u S MUBUGA

H MUGERE

Gitega Mwaro

RUZIBAZI

RUZB 007

H H

MULE 037 JIJI- H MULEMBWƒ H

Rumonge

H

Kinyinya

MOSO

Bururi

100 Ð 499MW

Rutana SUGAR

i

ga ra s

Shango

SUGAR JABANA HFO L KABUYE Birembo JABANA DIESEL L

GATSATA L

Lac Muhazi

KIGALI Gasogi CITY L SES KSEZ

Musha

Ndera

KIGALI

Gikondo KGL Mt.Kigali Gahanga rongo Nyaba

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

20 10

EASTERN AGAHOZOSHALOM S VILLAGE

Lac Mugesera

Bugesera (new airport)

L

L Liquid fuels

t

t

t

Operating Construction Planned*

Liwonde Balaka (Phombeya substa.) 8 Zomba C H 9 10 H H

11

L MAKATA RENTAL L MAPANGA

H H H H

12 H

Blantyre

13 H H H NCHALO SUGAR

L.Chiuta

SOUTHERN Lake Chilwa

MULANJE MASSIF

H

RUO-NDIZA H

Sh

H

ZOA FALLS

Zam be z

Bangula

Nsanje

M M M Methane

0

Kilometres

P

P

P Peat

0

Miles

H

H

H Hydroelectricity

S

S

S Solar photovoltaic

¤

¤

¤

150

MOZAM BIQUE

75

EASTERN AFRICA POWER POOL Urgent interconnection projects by 2025

Geothermal

Identified to be implemented during the period of the 2016Ð26 Strategic Plan

Biomass / biogas

Interconnection between Sudan Ð Ethiopia Egypt Ð Sudan Rwanda Ð Tanzania Uganda Ð South Sudan Libya Ð Egypt Kenya Ð Uganda

220kV power line 110kV power line 70kV power line Substation

Distance 550km 775km 115km 200km 163km 254km

Type AC, 500kV AC, 500kV AC, 220kV AC, 400kV AC, 220kV AC, 400/200kV

Capacity 1,600MW 500MW 200MW 600MW 200MW 300MW

Source: EAPP Strategic Plan 2016-26

Rwanda

Burundi

Malawi

201

80

480

155

43

124

72

78

102

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

48

we

ZIM.

Thermal unknown

(R): rehabilitation

Capacity (MW)

EQU OR BI I M AW ECT A L g OZ MA NN atin O M r RC ope V E k T y IN tiall 220 i t (in a

Mangochi

Lake Malombe

Ntcheu

kV

NORTHERN

Kigoma

L

33kV

Golomoti

33

initially operating at 110kV

Tete (Matambo substation) M a zo

66kV

e

Lak e Ta ngany ika

8 KAMÕMWAMBA 8 KHOLOMBIDZA 10 NKULA A, B 10 TEDZANI I, II, III (rehabilitation), IV 11 MPATAMANGA 12 KAPICHIRA I, II, III

Lago de Cahora Bassa

n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

MOZAMBIQUE

ire

M

a al

S

Mwanza

1 Ð 9MW

1 Ð 9MW

Salima PAMODZI Chipoka C S Monkey x2 Bay 66 kV

L L L S S

10 Ð 99MW

Makamba NyanzaLac

S S

H

500MW +

102

10 Ð 99MW

LILONGWE

CAHORA BASSA

TANZANIA

H RUVYI

NYEMANGA

DEM. REP. OF CONGO

SOUTHERN

Ruyigi

vyironza Ru

INTERPETROL L BUJUMBURA DIESEL L BARUDI BREWERY t

Nzove

we ng pu m u R

H

30kV

KANENGO KANENGO RENTAL LILONGWE KANENGO LILONGWE

Canzuko

RUVYIRONZA

33 0k V

33 kV

x3

BURUNDI

CHIKANGAWA FOREST

MALAWI Mchinji

Muyinga

Karuzi

Nkhotakota

CENTRAL

Chipata

(Mamba SS)

A ka

izi uz

BUJUMBURA

Muramvya

CHIZUMA, MBONGOZI

H

RUSUMO FALLS

S AKANYARU

H H H Kayanza X KAGU 006 Ruvubu S Bubanza H MPANDA S CRD

Nyamugari

ag e r a

initially operating at 110kV

Kirundo

CHASOMBO, H H H

100 Ð 499MW

)

R

Ak

P

A RUKARARA I (R) H SES CIMERW II (R) H L H KOKO Butare P IV H (Huye) Gisagara GISHOMA RUZIZI H NTARUKA H BURUNDI A III AKANYARU H Kamanyola CEMENT 23 P KABU: 16 RWEGURA Ngozi

Cibitoke

Bugesera IP

S

Kasungu

500MW +

sa

Nyamagabe (Gikongoro)

CHINYAMA RENTAL L 66kV

Kibungo

Ruv ub

Ntendezi

DWANGWA SUGAR

Kabarondo

I II V VI

H HHH

8

H

ias / Lago N

Idjwi

Ruvu ma

CHIMGONDA A

Rwinkwavu

KIGALI

16 M H H NYABARONGO I 17 M Kibuye Muhanga Bugesera (Bwishyura SS) (Gitarama) Karongi Kigoma Kilinda

initially operating at 110kV

ZAMBIA

33/66kV power line

L L L

a

a b H NY.II a r on go

NYIRANTARUKO

220kV power line 132kV power line

Nyasa

R WA N D A

14 H

MUREGAYA CASCADES

Cyangugu

Gabiro H

Biomass/biogas 400kV power line

(Lake

15 H

Ny

KIVU56 M

Lake Kivu

HHH

ang

H

NORTHERN

Mzuzu 66kV Nkhata (Luwinga Bay substa.) W LUNJIKA H Chintheche Mzimba LUWEYA 7

Lu

Nyagatare

1

2

u

wa

S

SR uku r

ru

Rumphi H 5 6 H Bwengu

Chama

Matimba

L Liquid fuels

Luge nda

Mirama

¤ CHIWETA

H 4 H

kV 33

HHH

Kagera

WOVWE H Chilumba

Livingstonia

LOWER FUFU HIGH FUFU FALLS HENGA VALLEY Chizumulu I. Likoma I.

L

C C C Coal H H H Hydroelectricity S S S Solar photovoltaic W W W Wind ¤ ¤ ¤ Geothermal

i a w M a l

Ish

Nyabihu (Musanze) H 3 H4 H 5 Rubavu H Byumba 6¤ Nzulo 12 13 Rulindo 7H Gicumbi H HH Gisenyi 8 9 10 11 ¤

4 5 6 7 8

L

33k H LUFIRA V Karonga

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Mbarara Rui zi

H H

Chitipa

k e L a

UGANDA

Ruhengeri

HM

SONGWE RIVER BASIN DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME (SRBDP): 1 BUPIGU 2 SOFWE 3 MANOLO

ira Bir

ts

hu

40

Ruo

Miles

n tio g tin ruc ed era nst nn Op Co Pla

TA N Z A N I A

3

2

66kV

0

1

H

80

Bu

Lake Edward

Kilometres

Ru

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

0

ha as

1 RUGEZI 2 NTARUKA 3 MUKUNGWA I 4 MUKUNGWA II 5 RWAZA-MUKO 6 KABATWA 7 GIHIRA 8 KEYA 9 GATARE-SEBEYA 10 BIHONGORA 11 GICIYE I, II, III 12 AMAHORO NYUNDO 13 GAKENKE BASE I, II 14 NGORORERO 15 RUCANZOGERA 16 KIBUYE POWER ONE (KP1) 17 CONTOUR GLOBAL KIVUWATT

Access to electricity* Population Those with access % with access

Rwanda

Burundi

Malawi

11.81

10.87

19.17

4.02

0.98

2.49

34

9

13

* 2017, millions. Sources: SEforALL; IMF

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Tanzania Victoria Nile

n t io g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

Katonga

F

Lake MweruWantipa

Mbala

L

TUKUYU RUMAKALI LYAMANJI KIKONGE

Y

ZAMBIA

wa

Lua ng

0

Miles

200

E L

L ZTK

A

Ludewa L

Plants/projects

H W

Wa m

Ifakara

MWENGA

H

C

H

MPANGA Malinyi

H MNYERA RIVER

Dar es Salaam

H

Mbinga Mbamba Bay

L

Ikwiriri

G

KISINGO KWANINI MNYERA PUMBWE

H RUAHA H TAVETA

Namtumbo

Songea RUVUMA

LINDI

Ruangwa

Masasi Tunduru

L

Nanyumbu

L

2,383 1,780

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. Search for a power plant or project at www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

Mafia I.

G G INDIAN Kiliwani N gas field Songo Songo gas field

Kilwa Masoko

Lindi

Mnazi Bay gas field

Mtama

Mtwara

MTWARA

Palma

Newala

L TANESCO L DANGOTE

H TANGULF

1,765

NGOMBENI

O

OCEAN

Nachingwea

TULILA

G TEGETA

Kilindoni

Utete Somanga Fungu

H H H H

Madaba

C

iji

fi

Mweya

H MASIGIRA

L

ji

LUHOI ¤

Ruf

Mahenge

MCHUCHUMA

4 H

H

PWANI

G AZAM FLOUR MILL

G KINYEREZI I G KINYEREZI II G SONGAS UBUNGO G UBUNGO I G UBUNGO II G KINYEREZI III G KINYEREZI IV

G

Mkuranga

H

PROJECT gu e uw RUHUDJI

NGAKA

a

L

W MTONI S

G

KILOMBERO

H LOWER KIHANSI

Capacity (MW)

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

SUGAR

at Ruah

Zanzibar I.

N (Unguja)

Zanziba Miono r

Ru

Mafinga ero UPPER omb l Mufindi H K.

100

Operating Construction Planned*

Mkwaja

i

KILOMBERO SUGAR

PEMBA N

Chake Chake PEMBA S

H

Turiani MTIBWA

GORGE)

WESHA

Segera PANGANI Pangani

MAPANA

LINES

V

66kV

H

Gre

L

Pemba I.

GREAT M O R O G O R O RUAHA I-II RUFIJI (KIDATU) (STIEGLERÕS

H

Wete

L MAJANI

HALE H

Bagamoyo Chalinze Mlandizi Kilosa Morogoro

Ki

G

SONGWE RIVER Karonga

NJOMBE

w i (Lake N e Mala yasa) Lak

1 2 3 4

A

Kyela

E

Kilometres

UNIVERSITY

IRINGA

IKONDO III Makete H 23 Njombe

H

Handeni

Gairo Mpwapwa

Iringa

Kisada

M A L AW I

0

S

IRINGA

H

L

Ch am

V

Katumba

Kasama

i sh be

V

A

kV

Moa

Tanga

LINE PIPE

0 33

Lushoto

GAS

ZAMBIA-TANZANIA-KENYA (ZTK) INTERCONNECTION PROJECT

C

Tunduma H 1H

Mlalo i

TANGA

H a ahLUGANGA u R LIKOSI H at Ilula H

MIOMBO Makambako MOMBA HIWANI W Mbeya Mwakibete substation ¤ NGOZI TANGANYIKA NINGA H H Vwawa KIWIRA WATTLE

T

Kibaya

Chemba

ZUZU L L

SAO HILL

Mkwajuni Chunya C MCPP (MBEYA) H

Nakonde

Lake Bangweulu

E

L

Laela

ng an

Kondoa

Ifunda

M B E YA

NEW LUIKA

Mombasa

Same

L

Sumbawanga

Lake Rukwa

33kV power line

GREAT RUAHA III (MTERA)

R

L S JUMEME

66kV

Kasanga

SONGWE

Geothermal

132kV power line

Simanjiro P a

ZTK

RUKWA

H RIFT VALLEY

Rungwa

KALUMBALEZA

H

RUKWA C

I RKalambo

DE M . RE P. OF C O N GO

Rungwa Namanyare

Kipili

¤

400kV power line

NYUMBA H YA MUNGU

NW I A

L.Sulunga

a

a T ik Angany

T

IGAMBA FALLS

M A N YA R A

Nababera

DODOMA a ngw Ru

H

Bahi D O D O M A NALA

A

K ATAV I

¤

Moshi

KIKULETWA

T

Mpanda

S Solar photovoltaic

W W W Wind

O

e

Z

S

Korogwe

Itigi Manyoni

N

H

Makuyuni

Singida

SINGIDA

T A

L S MPANDA PILOT S JUMEME

H Hydroelectricity

S

AR

E

k

GEO WIND W UPEPO W

WIND EAST AFRICA W

Ipole

R L

a

Ndago

Sikonge Ugalla

Arusha

Babati

TABORA

Mishoma

C Coal

H

NJ

G

IGAMBA MALAGARASI FALLS (IGAMBA III)

C

H

MA

H

C

TANGANYIKA PLANTING

Monduli Karatu

Igunga

Isikisia

Tabora

Kaliua Urambo

Uvinza

2 Gas & liquid fuels

Namanga

66kV

rasi ga

S NEXTGEN SOLAWEZI

H

L.Kitangiri

Kiomboi

al a

Kigoma

Ujiji

Bukene

2

Biomass / biomass

Mbulu

Nzega

G Natural gas

220kV power line

L. Manyara

Shinyanga

M

L

Kasulu

Ngorogoro

S H I N YA N G A

Buzwagi mine

KIGOMA L

ar

NEXTGEN S S KISHAPU

Kahama

L Liquid fuels

2

¤

ARUSHA

Lake Meatu Eyasi

Mwadui

L

66k

Kibondo

Nyarugusu ABC

M

Ngudu M WA N Z A Maswa S I M I Y U

Bulyanhulu

¤ Lake Natron

G

L

LI KI V

Gitega

Bariadi

T

Geita

G E I TA

L

Ngasamo

Magu

Nyakanazi Buseresere

BURUNDI

L

S MABUKI

F

Muyinga

L

Loliondo

MARA

NYAKATO

GEITA GOLD MINE

L

Bunda

I

Chato

b vu Biharamulo

u

Ru

a

Nansio

Mwanza

Mugumu

Nata

Ukerewe I.

Isinya

G

Tana

FALLS

K ENYA i

Ngara

H RUSUMO

1 Ð 9MW

Nyamongo

Muleba

Maganza L

Tarime

Musoma

10 Ð 99MW

Ath

Ny

ngo

Bukoba

KAGERA SUGAR

KAGERA

KIGALI a ro

Vi ctoria

R

ge

ra KAKONO

L

Shirati

G re

Ka

H

R WA N D A

Lake

Kyaka

Wember e

H

66k

NSONGEZI (NSHUNGYEZI) Mutukula KIKAGATI H

ab

100 Ð 499MW

Y

Lake Edward

500MW +

Rongai

Masaka

GAS PIP E

UGANDA

G MTWARA

Ruvuma

MO ZA MB I Q UE enda Lug

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Access to electricity (2017, millions) Population Those with access % with access

50.05 16.52 33

Sources: SEforALL; IMF

49

Angola

go

X

MALEMBO 2 2 II

Cabinda

Muanda Soyo

I

INGA

H

Boma

L

Kwilu

N—qui

GG

L

Tomboco

MÕB

H

H

Mbanza Congo

ZAIRE

rid

Quimbele

ge

UêGE

Mucaba Songo

Nzeto FREITAS MORNA

U’ge

H

L H

NORTHERN H nde Da Barro do G R I D

Ambriz

Dande

N

L

G

BE NG CA UE VA LA CO LF O

la Catumbe

S BENJAMIN W Benguela province (exact location unconfirmed)

H H

Caluquembe JAMBA Quilengues YA MINA H

Camucuio II TO I TO O XI OT T XI

CUTATO

H S

ARIMBA

Kw

Barro do Cuanza

Mavinga

Nankova

KUANDO KUBANGO

Rivungo

Cu

zi

LUANDA

Beng

Catete

it

NAMIBIA

Oshikati

Capr

o

BEMBEZE Ndalatando Lucala H

CARIANGA

H

za

H

H

Calulo

MALANJE Cacuso

an

Lucala 1 LUêME BENGO 2 TUMULO DO Dondo CA‚ADOR Cabo Ledo H H 3 ZENZO II I H H H 5 4 ZENZO I CAMBAMBE II 1 2 3 4 5 CACULO CABA‚A

ZA MBI A

Chiume

Ondjiva

KWANZA NORTE

VIANA

do

be

CASSAQUE L

Cu an

Cuito Cuinavale

m

L L L

Kilamba CAMAMA

Lumbala Nguimbo

H

LAòCA

KWANZA SUL

Kilometres

0

Miles

200 150

(R): rehabilitation © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

nti ya in

B O T S WA N A

Malanje

CAPOPA L L I II

H CAPANDA

0

trip ivi S

o ng va ka

BENFICA L

Lumbala

O

LUANDA

L

MABUBAS

Musseque Capari Cacuaco

Lucusse

o

40

H LUIZAVO

S

go

Miles

Caxito H

Cazombo

Menongue

L S

H CALUEQUE

RUACANA

80

L L

Xangongo

H

S

ze be

MOXICO

H MUCUNDI

CUNENE

L

BAYNES

L

Caiundo

OMBANDJA

H

0

I II

m Za

Za

Onc—cua

Tigres

Kilometres

L L

Luacano

Lumeje LŽu‡

Lungu Ž-B ung o

an

DOS TIGRES Ilha dos X BAIA (solar-wind)

0

Luena

H LIAPECA

e

Cahama

nongue Cama

Bucaco

L

Luau

CHIUMBEH DALA

Cangamba

Cub

SOLENOVA Namibe province (exact location unconfirmed)

nen

Virei

S

Cu

T™mbwa

A

Tchamutete

SOUTHERN GRID Chiange

NAMIBE

Lu

CUEBE I, II

L L L L Jamba S Matala S HUMPATA Lubango Cambongue S S ARIMBA QUIPUNGO Caraculo HUêLA Namibe CHIBIA S H GANJELAS AIRPORT L

W

1 Ð 9MW

Muconda

S

Kuvango

W CACULA I II III

100 Ð 499MW

H CAMANENGA

CHIPINDO

L L S

L

L

Chitembo

GOVE

500MW +

LUAPASSO

LUNDA SUL

CENTRAL GRID

JAMBA YA OMA

60 /66kV power line

EASTERN GRID

CHICAPA

Kuito B I ƒ

L

BELƒM DO

110/132/150kv power line

Nzagi (Andrada)

Saurimo

H CHINGUAR L 12 Ukuma DANGO Catchiungo Benguela 11 H 13 H H CAçLA L L Huambo W BENGUELA W Dombe CALENGA W BELƒM DO Grande S Caimbambo GANDA H CHICUMA DANGO

L L

S

10 Ð 99MW

SAMUELA H

S

Luquembo Quirima

O

L

CHICAPA H CHICAPA II H L L S

Cacolo

G

220kV power line

Lucapa

Xinge

X XX Ebo 6 89 10 (hydroX X X X CUNHINGA I-IV WakuUku biomass) X X X W CUNE I-III S Kungo H (Seles) Andulo NHAREA SALAMBA Cassongue Mungo CUNJE H Camacupa Cu H CANJALA v L Catabola L H CUEMBA Alto Bailundo Balombo Hama L CALUAPANDA Bocoio H HUAMBO

S

Biomass / biogas 400kV power line

h las bi

Catumbela

H H H

A

H H HH H 7

Carumbo

o

Lobito

CUTATO I-III

S Solar photovoltaic

lua

II A EV I IL V A QU ILE TO I QU B

LO BO M CO GO CA TON A PI EIR CA AR UC A‚

L L L S

L

Sumbe

Quibala

Gabela

Dundo H

LUNDA NORTE

Lua n

Kw

K W A N Z A S U L Mussende

Porto Amboim Queve

ATLANTIC OCEAN

I II WW

4 5

S

H

Cambundi

HH

ga

S

Lu

Lon

X Hybrid H Hydroelectricity

Cassai

Calulo

do

MORRO BENTO I MORRO BENTO II MORRO DA LUZ QUARTEIS ROCHA PINTO

X H

LUACHIMO (R)

Cuango

X‡-Muteba

an Kw

X H

Ka sa •

Lubalo H CUANGO

za an

L L L L L

Cafunfo

G Natural gas L Liquid fuels 2 Gas & liquid fuels

Tshikapa

ilo Cu

BENGO

MALANJE Malanje

Ndalatando Dondo za

Caungula o ang Cu

L CAZENGA II

I II WW KIWABA NZOJI

Lucala

LUANDA

Marimba

G L 2

W W W Wind

Massango

Pambos de Sonhe

KWANZA NORTE

Viana Catete

L CFL

Negage

LUQUIXE II

Quibaxe

LUANDA

Sanza Pombo

W GASTÌO

NAMBUANGONGO

L BOAVISTA L CAZENGA I

1 SENDE SANTA CATARINA 2 CHIBODO 3 DINGE (diesel-solar) 4 CUTECA 5 QUISSUCA 6 QUILENGUE 7 CAPUNDA 8 DALA 9 UTIUNDUMBO 10 CAFULA 11 BIîPIO 12 CALENGUE 13 LOMAUM I, II

Maquela do Zombo

MÕBRIDGE

KIANGANGA L

II

isi nk

I

I

G L 2

L

Belize 3 Buco Zao

L L

2 CABINDA L‰ndana

n t io g tin ruc ed era nst nn Op Co Pla

ru nku

DEMO CRAT I C REP UBL I C O F CO NG O

Chicapa

Co n

(diesel-solar)

Sa

ilu

1

L X

L

Kwango

PointeNoire

Ka sa•

Kw

R E P. O F C O N G O

QUISSONDE H

Plants/projects Operating Construction Planned*

Capacity (MW) 5,766 3,376 682

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

50

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Namibia

ANGOLA

e en

EZ ZAMB

va

0kV DC

Zambe 400kV initially zi

ZAMBEZI

nti ya in

operating at 330kV

VICTORIA FALLS

obe Ch

H

ZIZABONA PROJECT

BOTSWANA

o

ng

330k

same scale as main map

Ondjiva

Katima Mulilo (Zambezi SS)

330kV

ka

H

TOR 35

Mohembo 33kVO Shakawe

Xangongo

400kV

Kunene

EC CONN I INTER

ZAMBIA

Strip

L

Cu n

A NG O L A

BAYNES

ivi Capr

Divundu (Mahango SS)

Pandamatenga

ZIMB. Hwange

RUACANA

V

Hippo

S

Outapi Eenhana O H A N G W E N A Oshakati (Omatando SS) S OKATOPE Ondangwa

Nkurenkuru

S UNISUN

OSHANA

Opuwo

Okatope

Okavango

KAVANGO WEST

Omuthiya

O M U S AT I

4

K AVA NG O EAST

0kV 33

Kamanjab

Fransfontein Khorixas

33kV

Mohembo O Shakawe k

go

an s h a PO S H I K O T O Tsumeb (Otjikoto SS) Okaukuejo

S ALTEN S OLC TSUMEB OHORONGO CEMENT S S Grootfontein 400kV initially operating at 220kV Otavi Kombat OTJIKOTO GOLD MINE I OTJOZO L S MBEZ TOR Outjo ZA EC OTJIKOTO NN CO kV DC (location S R E unconfirmed) INT 350 Gerus

Divundu (Mahango SS)

INTERZAMBEZI Cuito CON 350kV NECTOR DC

kV 00

Eto

KUNENE

to

an

Oshivelo

Rundu

av

400kV initially operating at 330kV

ui

C

H

Kunene

Kanovlei Tsumkwe

N D J U PA

Otjiwarongo

S S PHATSIMO

Okakarara

SUNCHEM ALPHA

N

Uis Mine

S

Omaruru (Omburu SS)

ERONGO

I A

S

OMAHEKE

Okahandja Karibib S Osona Hentiesbaai Buitepos Watterbank S Omaere S S Wlotzkabaken Lithops Trekkopje QUINTA Gobabis Arandis Ršssing mine EJUVA S S Auas Seeis Khomas Swakopmund I II Husab mine WINDHOEK Walmund KHAN

OLC ARANDIS ARANDIS CSP ERONGO DIAGRAM ARANDIS KHORIXAS CSP NAMENERGY TERASUN

S

M I B V 0k 40

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Osire

A

S

S S

S S

S

Walvis Bay ANIXAS L ANIIXAS II L WALVIS BAY S

KHOMAS

Kuiseb

Rehoboth

Wortel

GREENAM S ARK INDUSTRIES

500MW + 100 Ð 499MW

1 Ð 9MW

TO GABORONE

Aranos

HARDAP

No ss

S Hardap S Mariental

ob

V

n tio ing uc d rat nstr nne e Op Co Pla

S S S S

BOTSWANA

400k V

Blumenfelde

400 k

GROVE MALL MAERUA MALL NAMIBIA BREWERIES WERNHILL PARK

Charles Hill

Uhlenhorst

Klein Aub

VAN ECK C

10 Ð 99MW

Ghanzi

S

G Natural gas

H

H

H Hydroelectricity

S

S

S Solar (photovoltaic,

except where marked CSP)

W W W Wind Biomass/ biogas

OMBEPO W DIAZ W NAMPOWER W SPERRGEBIET

LŸderitz

Elizabeth Bay

330-400kV power line

Keetmanshoop (Kokerboom SS)

Aus

Namib

Pomona

Miles

100

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Access to electricity* Population Those with access % with access

SOUTH AFRICA

Karasburg

S

S NARUCHAS

Aussenkehr

PROPOSED GAS PIPELINE

Rock

Harib Noordoewer (Khurub SS)

G KUDU Oranjemund

S ALCON

Or

ange

V 0k 40

0

Kudu gas field

200

kV

Substation (SS)

GrŸnau

kV

400

66kV power line

Kilometres

S UPRISE

765

Skorpion mine Rosh Pinah (Obib SS)

132kV power line

Mier

S MOMENTOUS

S GREENAM

IIKARAS

220kV power line

0

Kšes

S GROOT GLASS W KARAS (location unconfirmed)

o

C Coal

op

C

ol

L Liquid fuels

C

M

L

Fish

G

L

40 0kV

G

CSP: concentrated solar power

TO CAPE TOWN

Angola

Plants/projects Operating Construction Planned*

28.38 11.92 42

* 2017, millions. Sources: SEforALL; IMF

TO AGGENEIS

Capacity (MW) 675 10 220

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

TO ARIES

Access to electricity* (2017, millions) Population Those with access % with access

2.37 1.26 53 * Namibia Sources: SEforALL; IMF

51

L

C

N

X

H

S

L

C

N

X

H

S

S Solar photovoltaic

H Hydroelectricity

X Hybrid

N Nuclear

C Coal

L Liquid fuels

¤

Za

m

be

ze

Lu a

gw

un

ua n

do

vi apri

Stri

p

Shangombo

ANGOLA

C

go

X (diesel-solar)

Kalabo

L

eb

Zambezi

L

NA

ti an ny

o

Nselauke

Mulobezi

Kaoma

PRO ON JEC A T*

220kV

Mwandi ZIZA B

22 0k

Access to electricity (2017, millions)

17.24

6.90

Sources: SEforALL; IMF

40

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020 V

Pandamatenga

BOTSWANA

L

r

a Kasumbales

COPPERBE LT Mpongwe Kapiri Mposhi

S BWANA MKUBWA

kV 33

Mkushi

Ndola

C DANGOTE

Namwala

Kalomo

V 0k

H Hwange

DEVILÕS GORGE GORGE N

Leopards Hill

Kariba N

Lake Kariba

Gwembe

H

fw a

Luangwa

L

Chinhoyi (Alaska SS)

Chipata

Kilometres Miles

100

o we Maz

200

H

CAHORA BASSA

Ru a

Chama

I

Mbeya (Mwakibete SS)

HH

kV

Lufu a

20

0 Kilometres 0 Miles

H

40

LUSAKA

Leopards Hill

Ch on

Chongwe

fue

(Zimbabwe)

ZIM. KARIBA S BANK

HH Lake Kariba

KARIBA NORTH BANK

Chirundu

Ka

LOWER KAFUE GORGE

SOUTHERN

NAMULUNDU GORGE

UPPER KAFUE GORGE

Kafue W Kafue

88

W

LUSAKA

N CNST

Roma LUN

LILONGWE

BANGWEULU, S S NGONYE1

Lusaka W

CENTRAL

33 kV

MALAWI

Mzuzu

So n g w e

R

Muyombe

Lundazi

Azele Katete Chadiza UNIKA I W 33kV Sinda

EASTERN

Msoro

x2

Mfuwe

MUTINONDO

H

LUCHENENE

H

Mpika

W MUCHINGA

MUCHINGA

Tembwe

MOZAMB IQUE

kV 33

Petauke

H

Chinsali

MWAMBWA

Isoka

Great

T A NZ A NI A ZTK ONN. ERC T INT JEC PRO

Nakonde

Tundu ma

T

Lake Rukwa

X (hydro-solar)

SHIWANGÕANDU

ZI MB A B W E

S XAGO SOLAR ONE

C

Lago de Cahora Bassa

* initially operating at 330kV 0 © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com) 0

x3

Kariba S

H

HH

Nyimba

Locations to be confirmed: S AURORA SOLA 1, 2 S BULEMU E, W S CEC COPPEREBELT

bezi

LUSAKA Zam

H

Nseluka Kasama

A

Sumbawanga

Chambeshi

om

be

LUSIWASI UPPER

LUSIWASI LUSIWASI LOWER

Serenje

W

Pensulo

Lake Bangweulu

MULEMBO LELYA

Rufunsa

em Luns

LUNSEMFWA H MKUSHI

MUCHINGA

LUSAKA

EMCO SINAZONGWE MAAMBA COLLIERIES

C

H

MULUNGUSHI

Lusaka W

33kV

Chipepo Muzuma

C

Maamba

22

Z IZ AB ON BATOKA A

H

¤

Monze

BWENGWA RIVER

Choma

VICTORIA FALLS

Mazabuka

88 kV

Keembe

CENTRAL

Nampundwe e Kafu

Mumbwa

S

H

Mita Hills Dam

H

CHISHIMBA FALLS

Lw

NORTHERN

Luwingu

shi

Mporokoso

un g wi

Kasaba

L NDOLA

H

MUMBOTUTA FALLS

Chembe

Luanshya

(Maposa SS) L

Kitwe

Samfya

33kV

LUAPULA

Mansa

MUSONDA H FALLS

Mwense V

Chambasitu

Kawambwa

Nchelenge H KABWELUME FALLS Ka Mbereshi l

H KUNDABIKWA FALLS

Z A MKabwe B I A

Livingstone

H

I II

Lake Tanganyika

R Ndole 33kV Bay Chiengi Kaputa E Nkama Bay L. Mweru33 Wantipa H Mpulungu LUNZUA H Mbala LUFUBU 33k V

Kashikishi

MAMBILIMA FALLS H H H

Lubumbashi (Karavia SS)

CEC RIVERSIDE S GARNETON N & S S KITWE PILOT S KITWE

SOUTHERN

Zimba

e

x2

Pweto Lake Mweru

Chililabombwe (Michelo SS) L L Chingola Mufulira (Luano SS)

MUMBWA DISTRICT

ITEZHI-TEZHI

H

p

22 0k V

BANCROFT L KONKOLA L

p

Likasi

Fungurume

NOR TH-WESTERN

Kasempa

Mufumbwe

Kalumbila Mine

Katima Mulilo Kazungula M I B I A (Zambezi SS)

ZAMBEZI INTERCONNECTOR 350kV DC Sesheke

NGONYE H FALLS

Senanga

WE STERN

Mongu

Lukulu

Mumbeji

CHANDA H H 33kV FALLS CHAVUMA FALLS L

Chavuma

FALLS

H MUJILA

C

Tenke

Kansanshi Solwezi Lumwana Mine

Kolwezi (Panda SS)

KABOMPO H GORGE

Mwinilunga

Lual ab a

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO

500kV DC FROM INGA

H ZENGAMINA II

Kabompo

Substation (SS)

66kV power line

132kV power line

330kV power line

400kV power line

Biomass/ biogas

Geothermal

ANGOLA

¤

Luena

¤

1 Ð 9MW

10 Ð 99MW

100 Ð 499MW

i

G Natural gas

W W W Wind

G

G

500MW +

33kV

ud

Lu b

Ka bo m po

Luapu la

Lu b i l a s h

Li

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. Search for a power plant or project at www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier. 33 kV

2,421

Population Those with access % with access

i at ny

AB ON A

751

C V

3,030

ezi mb Za

Sa

33 k

Capacity (MW)

a ing ng 33kV up g

n

kV

ZIZ

e

Ka fu

Lu x3

kV 88

33 0k 33kV V

t Lunga 88kV

88

to

Y

e gw

ra de

a)

22 0k V

e

t

x2

Wes

b

l

88kV

kV 33

x2

T

E

i

L

sh

a

L

ku

A

Nyas

M

i

ha

V

a (Lake

L ua ng wa

Plants/projects

Mal

ZA MB K IA E IN N -TA TE RC YA ( NZA PR ON ZTK NIA ) OJ NE EC C T T ION

Operating Construction Planned* ha m

fir Lu

sh

Kalambo

be

G gw a

52 a

F

Lua n

L

u uv

Lake

wi Zambezi

n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

Zambia

ho

be

Capacity (MW)

2,392

643

1,472

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. Search for a power plant or project at www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

Population Those with access % with access 10 Ð 99MW 1 Ð 9MW

330kV power line

66 / 88 / 132kV power line

Miles

100

100 Ð 499MW

400kV power line

TO MATIMBA (SOUTH AFRICA)

S

kV 220

S

S WARTRAIL

B

S

Mbalabala

Sh

ash

e

SOUTH

H

M

Nzhelele

idz

i

Run de

Mbizi

HIPPO VALLEY

Triangle

S

S

H

H

HH

6 H 7

KUPINGA H NYAHODE H

Chipinge

be

ze

H

110kV

MO Z ISA

Save

Manica

Pœng u

CSP: concentrated solar power * initially operating at 330kV

MOZAMBIQUE

CHISUMBANJE

KONDO H

2

8

CHIMANIMANI

MANICALAND

CHIREDZI DISTRICT

HH

3 5 4HH OSBORNE ODZANI H

Rusape

Nyanga

GAIREZI RIVER TSANGA A, B NYAMINGURA PUNGWE C PUNGWE B PUNGWE A DURU 1 HAUNA 2 H

Mutoko

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

S RIVERSIDE

Mutare Orange Grove

Nyazura

Chiredzi

TRIANGLE MILL

MASVINGO

H MUTIRIKWI

S FLOATING SOLAR

LAKE MUTIRIKWI

Masvingo

Rutenga

Limpopo

azw GUTU

Ny

E S DISTRICT

RENCO GOLD MINE S TOKWEMUKOSI H

AFRICA

Musina

Beitbridge

S CHAPFUCHECHE

S BEITBRIDGE FARM

Beitbridge district:

MANYUCHI

DIAMOND MINE

MUROWA S

Tokwe

B

W

MASHONALAND S S MOHONDOROEAST

Shurugwi

S

A

Zvishavane

S GWANDA M A T A B E L E L A N D SOUTH S GWANDA CSP

(exact locations unconfirmed)

S

West Nicholson

Gwanda MATSHELA

Gwanda district:

(exact locations unconfirmed) S GDE BULILIMA S PLUMTREE SOLAR

S SCHWEPPES

S ECOSOFT S HARARE SOLAR

GOMBE POWER CACTUS HARARE HARARE HILLNorton HARAVA S FARM Warren Chitungwiza S Fylde S S Dema L S S UTOPIA FARM Marondera Chegutu ZHENJE S S CAM & MOTOR GOLD MINE S CRAFT S DEMA BROMLEY RUFARO KARO Kadoma PHASE II RESOURCES DAINY GOLD MINE

MUNYATI C S Mun NGEZI Sherwood yati SABLE CHEMICALS S Kwekwe Haven S Redcliff ZIM PLAT S MIDLANDS Mvuma Chertsey Gweru

kV

Songo

CAHORA BASSA

H

MOZAMBIQUE

we Mazo C HARARE COAL II, III

S GOROMONZI

Bindura

Mount Centenary Darwin

Mazowe

CENTRAGRID NYABIRA S

Chinhoyi

Mutorashanga

Alaska

Shangani SOMABHULA

M

0k V

Marvel Esigodini

BULAWAYO

Bulawayo Insukamini

Inyati

Bulilimamangwe district:

Selebi-Phikwe (Phokoje SS)

Francistown

DONNINGTON W S NAT. UNIVERSITY S S

Plumtree

i

S

ti

420

nya

MASHONALAND CENTRAL

Guruve

S

GINNERY

S MUZARABANI

Lago de Cahora Bassa

TO INCHOPE

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

NTABAZINDUNA

BULAWAYO SOLAR S

500MW +

200

Nata

I

GLANCIER INVESTMENTS

Z

Shangani

Gokwe

42

GOKWE N (SENGWA)

Sa

Karoi

MASHONALAND WEST

KARIBA S BANK

i ez

Substation (SS)

Lupane

BULAWAYO COAL C CSC BOUSTED BEEF S

Biomass/ biogas

except where marked CSP)

S Solar (photovoltaic,

H Hydroelectricity

C

M ATA B E L E L A N D NORTH

42 0k V

GWAYI

one lin upgradede to be to 420kV

C

Kariba

CROCODILE H HS NYANYANA FARM

en

0

S

S

S

CROSS MABALE

I, II

(Zambia)

ezi mb Za

Man ya m e

w

Kilometres

H

H

C Coal

2 Gas & liquid fuels

L Liquid fuels

H

SOUTHERN ENERGY

LUBU

S CHIDOME

C C

(exact locations unconfirmed)

Hwange district:

Hwange

C

DEKA BRIDGE BON C A

H

LUSULU

Binga

K

a ib ar

KARIBA N BANK

ue

Leopards Hill

Mutirikwi

0

C

2

2

Pandamatenga

A

Zambezi

C

e

La k

Ka f

bi Sa

C

L

n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

L

Victoria Falls

VICTORIA BATOKA DEVILÕS GORGE S GORGE S H FALLS

ONA PRO JEC T* 220 k V

ZIZA B

Z A M B I A

BOTSWANA

C

NAMIBIA

Katima Mulilo (Zambezi SS)

Sesheke

ZIZAB ONA

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020 

MOZISA

Plants/projects PR OJ EC T

Operating Construction Planned* Z IZ

ay Gw

MO

m vu Re

ZIS A

Za



Odzi

LUSAKA

Zimbabwe

Access to electricity (2017, millions)

14.88

5.95

Sources: SEforALL; IMF

40

53

Botswana

mb Za

Savuti

Gw a

kV 33

b

e

ha Ng

Bo tet i

Gweta NO MAKGADIK GR RTH W ID Ntwetwe CO ES Pan NN T T RA (P EC P A NS N H A TI SM O SE N IS Rakops 1) (NW SIO TG N C) Xhumo 2

L. Ngami

L. Xau

Insukamini

Nata

33k V

DUKWE Mowana GADI C mine Dukwe Sowa Mosetse

TSOSOLOSO CTL C

M

B O T S W A N A Charles Hill

V 66k

A (R) C

33kV

MORUPULE

Shoshong 33

L

Hukuntsi

R

I

Takatokwane

Dutlwe

E

R

66kV

T

CSP Sekoma

S

SOUTHERN

GABORONE

Spitskop

o

b Nosso

Heuningvlei

Ha r ts

Miles

200

kV 33

n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

L

L

L Liquid fuels

2

2

2 Gas & liquid fuels

C

C

C Coal

M M M Coal bed methane

Tshabong

Kilometres

kV

ro co

Mahikeng

CSP: concentrated solar power CTL: coal-to-liquids PV: solar photovoltaic 0 (R): rehabilitation * initially operating at 330kV 0

Plants/projects

Lobatse

X

X

X Hybrid

H

H

H Hydroelectricity

S

S

S Solar power

500MW + 100 Ð 499MW 10 Ð 99MW 1 Ð 9MW

100

Capacity (MW) 796 0 207

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. Search for a power plant or project at www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

V 33k

MMAMANTSWE

Ramatlabama

SOUTH AFRICA

Operating Construction Planned*

C

Ramotswa

33kV

Mmathethe

Mo lo p

kV

Masa DOMESTIC POWER PROJECT (DPP, formerly MOOKANE)

Dwaalboom

SOUTHEAST

33kV

Werda

Isang

66

AMETSI THAB MATIMBA C C C MEDUPI

CC

KGATLENG Mochudi

Bobonong

kV 33

33kV

Artesia

x2

Thamaga

Kanye

KGALAGADI

66

e dil

Jwaneng

Molepolole

Phokoje 3 3 kV

B

e

Palapye

C

Letlhakeng 33 kV Rakola

Shash

SelebiPhikwe

C

S

V

H 33k A

33kV

E

A

kV

A

MMAMABULA W

Salajwe

Marico

Kang

D

54

kV

Lephepe MMAMABULA

KWENENG

C

Mahalapye

33

TO WINDHOEK

Ncojane

K

SESE

C

MABESEKWA

Tati

Serule SECHABA C

Serowe LESEDI M

Matshelagabedi

C C

Shashe

SEKANAME

Takatshwaane

Tshesebe

Francistown

CENTRAL

GHANZI

kV

Bulawayo

NORTH- APR BPC EAST L L

Orapa Letlhakane

33kV

66

Sua Pan

kV 33

TO OMAERE

ZI MB A B W E

po

33kV

Sehitwa

ro

dum

NAMIBIA

Bo

Xu

aoge Th

Toteng

Nxai Pan

Maun

yi

Nqo ga

XIGERA SAFARI LODGE X (diesel-PV)

Tsau

Ghanzi

N SIO MIS C) NS WTG TRA N (N ST IO WE ECT 2) RTH NN ASE NO ID CO (PH GR

NORTH - WEST

OKAVANGO D E LTA

Hwange

Pandamatenga

po

a

m

da S

lw pil

Zam

bez ZIZ i AB ON 330kV A

Li

o ng va

Selin

Sepupa

Gumare

i nt ya

VICTORIA FALLS

66kV

Ok a

Mohembo Shakawe

Kasane H

Lak e K ariba

33kV 66kV

C

*

BON A

BEZI ZAM

Divundu (Mahango SS)

RO J ECT

Kazungula

obe Ch

Lesomo

Li n

a

BO N AP

a

C 0kV D R 35 CTO NNE RCO E T IN

y

Ok

vang Rundu 3 o 50kV D

Katima Mulilo (Zambezi SS)

ip Str

rivi Cap

Cu it o

ZIZA

ZIZA

A NG O LA

ZA MB I A

e zi

C

ua nd o

Nat

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

400kV power line 220kV power line 132kV power line 33 / 66kV power line Substation (SS)

Access to electricity (2017, millions) Population Those with access % with access

2.29 1.44 63

Sources: SEforALL; IMF

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Mozambique



ZIMBABWE

H

CHICAMBA

0

Miles

H PçVUA

Gondola

G PALMA GAS G SHELL ROVUMA BASIN

80

TANZANIA

40

Palma

SOFALA

Lake Malawi (Lago Niassa)

Inchope Nhamatanda Lamego

Chimoio

MANICA

MAFAMBISSE MILL

Revu

Dondo BEW

S

66kV

TSATE HH MAVUZI II HH MAVUZI MUENEZI

BEIRA GT35 L



Beira

ZAMBIA TETE 1200

NIASSA

vœbo Re

TETE

Manjo

QUEDAS

Phombeya

LòRIO RIVER PROJECT

Milange

GuruŽ Alto Mol—cu

S

Mutare Manica

L AGGREKO L KARADENIZ IREM SULTAN LNG

L KARADENIZ MEHMET BEY LNG G GL AFRICA ENERGY L NACALA GT

Nacala C

CARVÌO

Mocuba

Angoche Moma Sands project Moma

Juan de Nova (Fr.)

MOZAMBIQUE

533KV DC

A

Pemba

H LICUNGO

Chimuara

Catandica

Nicuadala

Quelimane

Caia Zam b

L

ez e

ZIMBABWE

Uape

ZAMBƒZIA

LUPATA

IN D IAN OC E AN

MUTELETE H

MUGEBA H

H

zowe

Offshore Rovuma Basin gas fields

S AIRPORT Nampula Monapo L Central Namialo Nampula Moambique Nampula 220

S

a Ligonh

i

r e ZOA FALLS H

H

OCUA H

NAMPULA

Cuamba Lake Chilwa

L

Metoro S

Balama

Sh

Ma

H

initially operating at 220kV

Macomia

L Montepuez

rio Lœ

CAHORA Lago de BASSA N H MPHANDA- Tete Cahora Bassa Zambezi H NKUWA C 2 CAHORA Songo H 1 C 3 H BASSA 6 C C LC 4 7 1 BOROMA CC 5 2 TENGE-RUONI Matambo 33 0k V

Auasse

GRAPHITE MINE

Marrupa

C

(location undecided)

3 NCONDEZI 4 MOATIZE RENTAL, MOATIZE COAL 5 BENGA Bindura 6 ESTIMA 7 CHIRODZI

Muembe

Lichinga

MALAWI

Chipata

Moc’mboa da Praia

a

CABO DELGADO

da gen Lu

Mavago

SS

L

gw

vum

Mecula

Buzi gas field

a

Lu

an

Ro

Messinge

Chibata

Kilometres

ip Žl a go das Quirimb a s

Manica

Mutare

0

Arqu

A

Pœn gu

Pœ

MANICA

ng

u

Marromeu

SOFALA

Conceiao

n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

Chinde

Chimoio Inchope

Revu

Beira

M O ZA M B I Q UE CHA NNEL

Sofala L SU CE

Chibabava

G L

G L

G Natural gas L Liquid fuels

C H S

C H S

C Coal H Hydroelectricity S Solar photovoltaic

W W W Wind Biomass/ biogas

kV

DC

Temane gas field

Chang an e

Mapai

KUVANINGA G G

Ch—kw

ARNOT

L

Inhambane Praia da Rocha

Xai-Xai

(R): rehabilitation

500MW +

MAPUTO

o

ut

ESWATINI

Plants/projects Operating Construction Planned*

Sabie

20

0 Miles 10

m‡ti

Sabie Inco

Palmeira

G CTRG Manhia G GIGAWATT MOZAMBIQUE Ressano Garcia

MAPUTO

H MOAMBA MAJOR

Moamba

Marracuene

100 Ð 499MW

W ELEQTRA Maputo G

10 Ð 99MW

Salamanga 0

Kilometres

0

Miles

Capacity (MW) 2,941 41 778

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. Search for a power plant or project at www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

300 150

Infulene MAPUTO

W GLOBELEQ

1 Ð 9MW

Ponta dÕOuro

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

0 Km

CORUMANA

H

Komatipoort

Matola ap

C

CAMDEN

B

L

Macia

E LIN IPE

M

C

SP GA

66 /110kV power line

Chibuto

M A P U T O Lionde

B

400kV power line 220 / 275kV power line Substation

Massinga Maxixe Lindelo

H

XINAVANE MILL

Bassas da India (Fr.)

Inhassoro gas field I. do Bazaruto I. BenguŽrua

INHAMBANE

GAZA ts fan Oli

G

PI GA PE S LI NE

Vilankulo

MASSINGIR (R)

SOUTH AFRICA

TO SECUNDA

L SU

Pande gas field

500kV+ power line

SOUTH AFRICA

TO APOLLO SUBSTATION

3 53

CE

DC

CE SU L

Limpopo

V 0k 80

TEMANE

G

Incom ‡ti

S a ve

L

G

Matola MPM BELULUANE Namaacha Matola Boane ESWATINI © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Access to electricity (2017, millions) Population Those with access % with access

29.54 7.98 27

Sources: SEforALL; IMF

55

South Africa, eSwatini, Lesotho

6

Rustenburg

7

INT. FERRO METALS t

Brits

1

C

C H2 ENERGY

ROOIWAL

S

Ekalanga

PRETORIA

S

ts

A

Stoffberg

Middelburg

1 Diphororo 2 Kwagga 3 Wildebees 4 Njala 5 Thuso 6 Minerva 7 Benburg 8 Esselen 9 Lepini 10 Kyalani 11 Lulamisa 12 Sesui 13 Craighall 14 Donatello 15 Mesong (formerly North Rand), Sebenza 16 Croydon 17 Westgate 18 Princess

Belfast

Witbank 3 2 C TRANSALLOYS 1 (eMalahleni) 3 Centurion5 4 2 DUVHA 6 HLA C S NORTH KUSILE Apollo 11 Midrand ARNOT 9 Tembisa C WEST 8 10 A Krugersdorp 12 HENDRINA KHANYISA KELVIN 13 KENDAL 15 C C Carolina 7 C 17 18 Sandton14 16 Delmas KOMATI Hendrina G B JNB 4 30 Johannesburg S x2 Pluto Germiston 22 23 KRIEL Soweto C Springs Westonaria 19 20 21 24 25 26 28 MATLA KIPOWER x2 Breyton 29 S E L S 31 D L Nigel to operate 27 MPUMALANGA G S at 275kV 32 F Secunda S Heidelberg nd Ermelo 5 G A U T E N G Carletonville ELIKHULU Bethal 33 6 C G sra 37 38 TAILINGS bo Evaton36 iker Balfour eMbalenhle SASOL SYNFUELS u S 34 Vereeniging Vanderbijlpark TUTUKA CAMDEN 8 35 Zeus S Potchefstroom l Alpha Greylingstad 9 Atlas x2 G Va a 7 a Sasolburg V GROOTVLEI Deneysville Parys 10 Standerton Amersfoort Vredefort Villiers Lambda MAJUBA K 8

C C

C

C

C

Mooi

C C

x2

al

i

s Vle

erg

nb Lie

ls

Reitz

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

Newcastle

50

S

Orang e

10 Ð 49MW

10 Ð 99MW

1 Ð 9MW

L Liquid fuels*

C

C

C Coal

t

t

N

N

N Nuclear

H

H

H Hydroelectricity

S

S

S Solar (photovoltaic,

535kV power line 400kV power line 200/275kV power line

56

EENDUIN

S S S KAXU SOLAR H S ONE CSP Kakamas NEUSBERG

200

S S

S

S

Kathu Ferrum

M

Kuruman

S KATHU CSP

N

S

U Olien S

Manganore O

Postmasburg

S D S ES FS G S S Upington

S

S

S AEP LEGOKO S AEP MOGOBE

Lewensaar LIFE S S LUTZBURG

BA GA MOTLHWARE CSP

SSS

SS

S S

S PQ S R

ST

Garona

S O U T H S

Brandvlei

SERE W

Sterrekus Muldersvlei Stikland Philippi Erica Pinotage Asteria

HUMANSRUS HELENA MULILO Britstown MULILO SONNEDIX PRIESKA PRIESKA MIERDAM MULILO W LONGYUAN MULILO TOTAL PRIESKA DE AAR MAANHAARBERG Carnarvon

On

Calvinia

Juno S

S PALEISHEUWEL

Sa k

S AURORA RIETVLEI BOULDERS W WEST COAST ONE W W ST HELENA BAY

Vredenburg Saldanha ARCELORMITTAL

G

Citrusdal

Aurora

Victoria West

S

rs

Y W

PLATBERG W NOBLESFONTEIN

Fraserburg

GUNSTFONTEIN W MARALLA SOETWATER W W KARUSA W ROGGEVELD W

ge

DAVIDSKRAAL S

W

Z

Gamma UMSINDE W EMOYENI

Clanwilliam

GRAAFWATER S

S S S S

Beaufort West Dro‘rivier x2

W ABERDEEN

Komsberg Kappa Moorreesburg ka m W PERDEKRAAL E Willowmore Laingsburg W WB Ga Touwsrivier MAMRE A RHEBOKSFONTEIN W W Ceres W S S VREDEFORT W E S T E R N C A P E C TOUWSRIVIER Malmesbury ANKERLIG Worcester OUTENIQUA KOEBERG, Oudtshoorn 1 2 W Montagu Paarl Bacchus DUYNEFONTEIN George Robertson Narina 3 Stellenbosch ACACIA L Swellendam MOSSEL BAY Somerset West S Proteus W ATHLONE L Cape Town 4 5 Riversdale 6 D W Caledon EAgulhas ROGGEBAAI L Groot Knysna Plettenberg L H re Bay GOURIKWA H W Mossel Brakrivier W e Cape of DASSIESKLIP d 7 e Bay EXCELSIOR Good Hope Hermanus

HARTEBEEST GOUDA WOLSELEY LANGHOOGTE BONNIEVALE

W

L NN

HOPEFIELD

B

Lower voltage power line Substation (SS)

100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

A B C D E

765kV power line

BC

S

nts lifa O

Biomass/ biogas

Miles

Upington S A

Williston

Western Cape:

Biomass & coal

Heuningvlei

L

KARASHOEK/ ILANGA CSP

S KARASHOEK

S

NORTHERN CAPE

Vredendal

W W W Wind

132 kV

ADAMS S

S S

GRASKOPPIES W

AT L A N T I C O CEA N

except where marked CSP)

0

S

po

J Groblershoop HERBERT S XINA SOLAR VEL H BOEGOEBERG H SS tb BOES D N & S S KONKOONSIES ONE CSP Nieuwehoop ee MA KORANA Douglas s I S S K ZUUR NLAND S Aggeneis Pofadder Or WATE ORLIGHT W ang S R e S S Kenhardt S S GREEFSPAN SOL INVICTUS S W KHAI-MA S S SOLAR LAND S W KORANA S VLAKPAN S Nama PROJECT BLUE W Gromis W POORTJIES Aries W KANGNAS KOTULO GAROB Prieska Kleinzee W KOERIS S TSATSI S Springbok CSP LETSOAI CAMEL THORN S COPPERTON DIAMOND W W KOKERBOOM S X ORION MINERALS (solar-wind) KOTULO TSATSI CSP S ENAMANDLA KLEINZEE STRUISBULT S W W W BOSJESMANSBERG Kronos S ALETTA

Other thermal

Kilometres

S

H

Fish

t

Molo

Hotazel

KARASHOEK S SOLAR ONE CSP

Loeriesfontein

2 Gas & liquid fuels

FONTEIN, WONDERHEUWEL GILLMER, INKULULEKO, KLEINFONTEIN, NOUPOORT CSP, TOITDALE

SS

Karashoek Solar Valley:

Helios

2

0

RIEMVASMAAK PADROOI

LOERIESFONTEIN KOKERBOOM W W W KHOBAB SOLAR CAPITAL S ORANGE

2

Mogwase (formerly Ngwedi) Ararat Trident Marang B Marang Bighorn Dinaledi Anderson, Lomond

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

x2

L

S S S

DYASONÕS KLIP AEP BLOEMSMOND KAI GARIB CSP ROOIPUNT ROOIPUNT CSP SIRIUS PROJECT TWO SOLIS CSP

KANNIKWA W VLAKTE PROJECT BLUE

n tio g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

L

North West (inset):

r

100 Ð 499MW

100 Ð 499MW

PAULPUTS CSP

RICHTERSVELD

7 Scafell 8 Igesi 9 Makalu 10 Highveld

Ha

500 Ð 999MW

TUTWA

Paulputs

x2

500MW +

SKUITDRIFT KHOI SUN SKUITDRIFT

S

x2

Lesotho & eSwatini

1,000MW +

G Natural gas

S S S S S S

Harib

Free State (inset):

S KHI SOLAR ONE CSP S SIRIUS PROJECT ONE

x2 KUDU G

Oranjemund Alexander Bay

G

NEW

G COGEN

NA MI B I A Oranjemond

G

Upington Solar Park:

Chivelston, Ingagane

Fish

JOHANNESBURG LANDFILL ABSA CAMPUS WHEATLANDS SIBANYE SIBANYE-STILLWATER SOUTH DEEP MINE WATERVAL

South Africa

Incandu

100

TO KOKERBOOM

Gauteng power plants (inset):

A B C D E F G

KWAZULUNATAL

be

Va

Volksrust Vrede

ge Wil

HEUNINGSPRUIT

Kroonstad

b sso

F R E E S TAT E

S

C

lip

Frankfort

Heilbron

Vulcan Emkhiweni Rockdale Kruispunt Wonderkrag Sol

TEWA SITHA S OLIEN DD KHEIS T MANLENOX SAND DRAAI CSP U ARRIESFONTEIN, BOKPOORT II ARRIESFON. CSP BOKPOORT CSP, V ZOUTPANSFONTEIN BOKPOORT CSP II W HANSKOPFONTEIN H AMDA A, B, C X MORGENZON I KENHARDT Y BRAKPOORT J GEMSBOK Z TEEKLOOF K BOVEN AA PHEZUKOMOYA L KATHU, SISHEN, Tshabong BOITSHOKO, SAN SOLAR M WHITEBANK KEREN N POSTMASBURG O METSIMATALA, METSIMATALA CSP P LEDESI

No

LETHABO

Renoster

Mpumalanga (inset):

1 2 3 4 5 6

C D E F G

C

C

Taunus Etna Quattro Fordsburg Prospect Jupiter, Jupiter B Simmerpan Eiger Lesokwana Brenner Pieterboth Nevis Carmel Midas Bernina, Hera Olympus Rigi Verdun Glockner, Kookfontein Snowdon

BB AMANDLA WELANGA, DIDA Northern A EPHRAIM, JORAM Q JASPER B AVONDALE R REDSTONE CSP CC ALLEMANS FONTEIN, DAMCape:

C

C

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38

x3

5

2 3

Soshanguve

Gauteng substations (inset):

EA S RH T S HO OD OLA E R T KA AZ S E TS GIS L HE O PO

DE WILDT

n

4

Ol ifa

1

Tweefontein

Hammankraal Pelly

STEENBRAS PALMIET PS PS

* Some fuel oil plants will be converted in * the future to run on natural gas

Bredasdorp Cape Agulhas

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Section TO TRIANGLE

VANGPAN

Vaa l

SS

S K J I Harvard

x3

S S

LM

Riet

Senekal

on

GROOTPOORT VANDERKLOOF

led

ow

ac

De Aar

S BB S LINDE KLIP S S

DREUNBERG S

(Ruitgevallei SS)

S GAT

Hanover S S S S CC SOVENTIX AA W S S S S S S S DD

Burgersdorp

Aliwal North

GraafReinet

STORMBERG SW

Molteno

DORPER W

Queenstown

S DOBBIN

Cradock

Aberdeen

ge) ran (O

Rhodes

Elliot

(Umtata) Vuyani

NCORA W

Whittlesea

EASTERN CAPE

H

Gr ea

tK

ei

Butterworth

x3

COEGA

LPort Elizabeth

A

I

ngol

Ariadne Mpumalanga 7

l

Capacity (MW)

S

SENEKAL

Mkuze

Umfolozi Ulundi

Lake St. Lucia

Mtubatuba Duma UMFOLOZI MILL 15 16 17 18 14 Richards Bay Empangeni

L

L

G2

MONDI CHP Eshowe FELIXTON MILL AMATIKULU MILL TUGELA MILL x2 DARNALL MILL

KwaDukuza (Stanger)

MAIDSTONE MILL

Tongaat

KING SHAKA AIRPORT

Durban

KwaZulu-Natal:

1 Tugela 2 Danskraal 3 Bloukrans 4 Venus 5 Mersey 6 Isundu 7 Georgedale, Hector 8 Shongweni 9 Klaarwater 10 Durban S 11 Illovo 12 Inyaninga 13 Durban N 14 Mbewu 15 Athene 16 Invubu 17 Rabbit 18 Impala 19 Iphiva

SAICCOR MILL

Umzinto St.Faiths Port Shepstone

Port Edward Lusikisiki

I N D I A N O C E A N

Port St. Johns De Aar / Hydra area: S DE AAR S MULILO DE AAR

S SOLAR CAPITAL DE AAR S BADENHORST DAM S DU PLESSIS 1,4 S S S S S

DU PLESSIS DAM ENNEX NEXERGY LEHLASEDI UKUQALA

CSP: concentrated solar power PS: pumped storage © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

South Africa 58,309

S

EN

6,608 1,367

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

19

WAZULU-

12 13 8 9

10 11

Makhanda (Grahamstown)

Operating Construction Planned*

7 Prairie 8 Gumeni 9 Marathon 10 Khanyazwe

Po

5

ETHALA Kokstad Eros

SECOND H FALLS

L. Sibaya

Nongoma

Nzalo

Greytown AVON

MOUNT ROAD

TH

OYSTER BAY

G

AD L ST EL AN RW D V HE IN OT W M RO Y A y ET M ÕS B Ba HU Y Õs PIF T RE y A UN FF fre B JE Jef NNA SP Y BA

N

W

W

Howick

Pietermaritzburg

6

ze M ku

Tuge la

C

being replaced by 400kV

qu

Um zim zu

COLLYWOBBLES

Poseidon Cookhouse

Uitenhage

TSITSI- KOUGA W KAMMA W WW W GIBSON BAY

n Se

Mthatha

COOKHOUSE CHABA Fort W W W NXUBA Beaufort Stutterheim W W NOJOLI Pembroke HAGA HAGA Bhisho Neptune GOLDEN VALLEY W W Sunda ys AMAKHALA EMOYENI Gonubie Great Fish Mdantsane Klipplaat L East London S PEDDIE PORT REX W SPITSKOP W W Buffalo E KirkwoodDASSIESRIDGE W GRAHAMSTOWN WESLEY-CISKEI WOLF W WAAINEK UKOMELEZA S W WGRASSRIDGE W Port Alfred INYANDA ROODEPLAAT W L DEDISA PEARSTON S

Mpumalanga:

NATAL

2 Ladysmith

COLENSO 4 Estcourt 275kV

Cedarville

Delphi

DRENNAN S

u nq

Bloedrivier K Pegasus x2

bu

x2

Iziko

3

W SEMONKONG

Se

Kraai

H

LESOTH O

MohaleÕs Hoek

Steynsburg

W NOUWPOORT TOLLIE Middelburg S COLLETT

UMSOBOMVU W NAAUW POORT

ESW AT I NI

WAAIHOEK W Vryheid

INGULA PS

DRAKENSBERG PS

KOBONG PS

S NEO SOLAR

Zastron

H

1

Umzimvu

LONG. MULILO W DE AAR II N W CASTLE Colesberg H HydraWIND GARIEP e

MASERU

V 2k 13

Ca

3 SWARTWATER Springfontein

HH

Maputsoe

kV

H

1 EZULWINI LUPHOHLO MATSAPHA EDWALENI MAGUDUZA LOWER MAGUDUZA

B

Madlanzini

Dundee

Harrismith

eSwatini:

2 MAPUTO 3 Ilha Inhaca 4 5

MBABANE

u

S

Komatipoort

KOMATI MILL

Kom ati

Amsterdam

Newcastle

Sorata

MUELA

Botshabelo

H (Roodekuil SS)

132kV

4 Ladybrand Teyateyaneng 13 2

N

to operate at 275kV

Bethlehem

Ficksburg

S

NGODWANA MILL

Lusut fu

Warden

Delivery tunnel

Merapi S

A F R I C A

S

Ash

S

STEYNSRUS

operating at 275kV

Wepener

Luckhoff

S

KLOOFSIG KALKBULT S

Mod de

Bloemfontein

Hopetown Ora ng e

S H

S

O

FREE STATE

S

2

S

s

Theunissen

S

om ti nc

x2

A S C D S

CARODEX

Val

5

C S

r

Boundary S S B

S

S

M O Z A‡ M B I Q U E

MALELANE MILL

Alpha Lambda

P Q R Virginia

x2

S G S DROOGFONTEIN x2

Richie

Marico

Bultfontein

V aa l

e Wilg

Welkom

F 1

S

DRIFT Kimberley

Riet

Odendaalsrus U TS 76

t

Warrenton E

Zeus

Jozini

po po

10

MPUMALANGA

eMbalenhle

Vereeniging

Sasolburg

A

S

Paulpietersburg Lim

K

S

S X Ulco Barkly S West V S W S SCHMIDTS-

al Va

Christiana

(eMalahleni)

Bothaville

Ve

S

S

Bloemhof

Hermes

S

S J S I Mercury H

G

Witbank

Nhlangano LAVUMISA Pongola

Mbombela 9 (Nelspruit)

7 8

ESWATINI

132 kV

lip

Mookodi SchweizerReneke Makwassie ts

Jan Kempdorp ANJUTONE

Klerksdorp

S

r Ha

Evaton

S

Middelburg

GAUTENG

Ventersdorp

Stillfontein

Vryburg A B

PRETORIA Johannesburg

W E S T Potchefstroom Selemo

Delareyville

MACHADADORP

Apollo

x2

Coligny

S

MEERKAT S ALPHA S

l

NORTH

di

C

S SENDAWO NW S SONBESIE S WOODHOUSE

e

NOKUKHANYA

Rustenburg

E F S Watershed D SS

Lichtenburg

S

S

S

co

S ROSENDAL

Mogwase

Zeerust Mahikeng

OlifaOfcolaco nts

Lebowakgomo Leseding

Normandie

Phalaborwa Foskor

S WELTEVREDEN

S

WITKOP

Mokopane

C ro

Mahikeng (Mafikeng)

S

Mankweng

a

Dwarsberg

S

S GAMMA S KHUBU S PROTEA

KISON

Borutho

Piet Retief (eMkhondo)

to operate at 275kV

Hoedspruit Mookgophong Thabazimbi l LIMPOPO Acornhoek Ny Modimolle Merensky Senakangwedi Bela-Bela Warmbad S Spitskop Sekhukhune GIHON S Siyabuswa Silimela Mashishing Manogeng Simplon (Lydenburg) BEZUIDENHOUTSKRAAL

132 kVx 3 PILANESBURG L MINE

Vryburg area:

Giyani Spencer

Polokwane

B

SHO C H Manzini S 1 2 SH LUBHUKUWUNDERSIGHT H L u H s 34 utfu UBOMBO SUGAR 5 H H NGWEMPISI

BHUNYA

S BOLOBEDU

to operate at 400kV

Isang

Thohoyandou Louis Trichardt

Tabor

MOGALAKWENA MINE S

CAROCRAFT BROEDERSPRUIT 213 MAREETSANE BATHO-BATHO WATERSHED TILTISENG GABORONE LICHTENBURG BOKAMOSO ORKNEY KABI VAALKOP BUFFELS

S WATERLOO S AMDA DELTA S AMDA KLONDIKE

SOUTPAN S

MAGUGA MHLUME H SUGAR SIMUNYE SUGAR

50 25

MBABANE

x2

(inexact location)

0 Miles

Pongola

C C Lephalale S C MEDUPI Masa

Sand

Ga-Seleka

S MOLFIN

North West:

A B C D E F G H I J

TOM BURKE

MO ZIS

S

Mogalakwena

B O T S WA NA

Nzhelele MUTSHO C

popo Lim

MATIMBA

C

MUSINAC MAKHADO SEZ

S

THABAMETSI

MMAMABULA

Beitbridge Musina

ALLDAYS

Kom ati

13 2k V

ORYX LEBONE EVEREST HARMONY ELAND, HARMONY NYALA, HARMONY TSHEPONG U GROOTSPRUIT

Q R S T

I EKSTEEN J IRENE, LELIEHOEK K LETSATSI L SERURUBELE M SONNEBLOM N SANNASPOS O SONVANGER P THEUNISSEN

DIOFLASH BLACKWOOD PULIDA KALKAAR CSP BOSHOF KENTANI SONOBLOMO KLIPFONTEIN

so

A B C D E F G H

mat

Perseus Beta Serumula Tweespruit Theseus Everest Leander

Maliba

Free State:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

0 Km

Barberton

Z IM B A B WE

132kV

Map uto

TO PHOKOJE

Access to electricity (2017, millions) Population Those with access % with access

56.52 47.48 84

Sources: SEforALL; IMF

57

Section Madagascar, Indian Ocean islands Mitsamiouli

Njazidja (Grande Comore)

OCHILI S

Cape Bobaomby (Cap dÕAmbre)

MbŽni

Hahaia VOIDJOU L ITSAMBOUNI L

INDIAN OCEAN

Koimbani

MORONI

¤ KARTHALA

L

Miles

50 25

L

L

Andoany

L

Ambanja

Domoni

L

H 3

LINGONI S

Fomboni

Nzwani (Anjouan)

Ndrondroni

Ambilobe DIANA 1H 2 H

S

Nosy Be

TRƒNANI

Ouani Mutsamudu

Mwali (MohŽli) Kilometres

X (solar-biomass)

L S DAHU

CO M O RO S

0

t ANTSIRANANA

(DiŽgo Suarez)

Foumbouni

0

L DIƒGO SUAREZ

Antsiranana

Mahavavy Nord

Maromandia

L

VohŽmar (Iharana)

Ampanefena

ari Bem vo H

L

ANJIALAVA

S AVA L

MOZAMBIQUE CHANNEL

L

ENELEC L HENRI FRAISE FILS L JIRAMA L

Sofi a

bo

L

am

ba

ANALANJIFORO L STE-MARIE Soanierana Ivongo

BB E T S I B O K A e

ANTAFOFO H

ningory Ma

Lac Alaotra

MA DA G A SCA R

ho

g o ro

an

H NOSY

Sakaraha

L

L

Ambalavao

H

NAMORONA II Sa nd ra

H

L

Ihosy IHOROMBE

Betroka

IMALOTO C

M AT S I AT R A

Ionaivo

Onilahy

ala

SAHALANONA

BETOAFO H H H III I II

AT S I M O ANTSINANANA

10 Ð 99MW

Aride Curieuse Anse Volbert Praslin Grande Anse L

M

en

FrŽgate Ste Anne ële au Cerf

Bel Ombre

VICTORIA S LAGOON LE ROCHER Capucins Anse Royale 0

MahŽ

0

Ambovombe

Operating Construction Planned

L

FORT VICTORIA L

ST LOUIS

LA TOUR KOENIG BATTERY COREX S

L

S

Pointe Sud Ouest

PORTLOUIS

X SUPER U (diesel-solar)

Centre de Flacq

Grand Rive

HENRIETTA S

FALLS FLOATING PV

100

Comoros

Mauritius

933

41

897

22

3

29

417

10

23

H

H

H

QUADRAN BRITANNIA W

FERNEY

Access to electricity*

MahŽbourg Union Vale

X OMNICANE LA BARAQUE (coal-bagasse)

C OMNICANE ST AUBIN

Surinam

Population Those with access % with access

CHAMPAGNE

LE VAL

SOTRAVIC MARE CHICOSE LANDFILL

CASCADE CECILE H

200

Madagascar

Source: African Energy Live Data, April 2020. www.africa-energy.com/database * Projects with a planned commercial operation date of 2025 or earlier.

GRENADE TRéFLES

W PLAINE DES ROCHES AMAURY BATTERY S SYNNOVE PETITE RETRAITE

L NICOLAY

H CT POWER S RIVIƒRE NOIRE t TAMARIND W PLAINE SOPHIE

Manantenina

Miles

L POINTE MONNIER L PORT MATHURIN W W

Goodlands

MAURITIUS

Mananara

Vangaindrano

0

ële Rodrigues:

QUEEN AMODE VICTORIA X ALTEO ENERGY FLACQ IBRAHIM S S (coal-bagasse) ATCHIA SYNNOVE Trou dÕEau H (AIA) LÕESPƒRANCE BAMBOUS SARAKO Douce HELIOS S S H MƒDINE SUGAR ANAHITA LA C BATTERY WOOTON FERME CEL E BATTERY Vacoas-Phoenix BEAU CHAMP rS

Amboasary Sud L QIT FORT DAUPHIN L Taolanaro (Taolagnaro, Fort Dauphin)

Cape Vohimena (Cap Sainte-Marie)

Capacity (MW)

Vohipeno

Kilometres

30 15

MON LOISIR

JIN FEI BATTERY

Manakara

0

Miles

X (coal-bagasse)

TAMARIND FALLS

ndra ar

d an

Kilometres

TERRAGEN MAPOU

SOLITUDE S

FORT GEORGE L LES GRANDES SALINES

Farafangana

L

Grand Baie

MT CHOISY S

Namorona

Ma

ANDROY

ra

Ampanihy

t

FŽlicitŽ

S E Y CHE LLE S

NEW PORT (VICTORIA B) L ROCHE CAIMAN (VICTORIA C) L PORT VICTORIA W ëLE DE ROMAINVILLE S

INDIAN OCEAN

ANOSY re

Bekily

58

100 Ð 499MW

Cap Malheureux

Mananjary Irondro

nta na

AMBOSITRA

sy Iho

(Toliary)

66kV power line (Mauritius)

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

t

H NAMORONA I

Geothermal Biomass/ biogas

North

M

ZomanHdA U T E ao

Mangoky

AT S I M O Ranohira A N D R E FA N A Ilakaka na

Toliara

¤

Marianne BAIE STE ANNE La Digue

H TRATRAMBOLO H TAZONANA

Fianarantsoa

ENELEC L HFF L (solar-biomass) X

¤

500MW +

Silhouette

ay

ANKIDONA L

Lac Ihotry

S Solar photovoltaic

132kV power line (Mauritius)

INDIAN OCEAN

Sak

o

Sakena

rev

H X 24

L ANTETEZAMBATO Nosy-Varika A M O R O NÕI M A N I A Ambositra VATOVAVYManandriana FATIHITA H FITOVINANY Ambohimahasoa Ma tra

tsia

Morombe

H Hydroelectricity

S

a

AKSAF PHASE II L

Malaimbandy M MENABE a ha

L

H

S

Thermal unknown

1 Ð 9MW

L TOAMASINA III t ENELEC t TOAMASINA IV

L

ra

M

(solar-biomass) X

Morondava

H

INDIAN OCEAN

Fenoarivo Atsinanana (FŽnŽrive Est)

H

ia

t

X Hybrid

Ambodifototra L

Ambatondrazaka Ivondro ALAOTRA- H MAHAVOLA HH Man MANGORO a na 4 5 TSIMIRORO Toamasina L H 10 B O N G O L AVA ATSINANANA (Tamatave) 9 RANOMAFANA H ANALAMANGA 8 6 11 H 12 L t 7 H H 13 14 Tsiroanomandidy H Ampasimanolotra H I TA S Y H H (Brickaville) Arivonimamo 15 Moramanga Manambolo Soavinandriana 19 L 16H L Faratsiho 1817 jilo Vatomandry a h a Miandrivazo M Ambatolampy S VA K I N A N K A R AT R A 21 20 H SAHOFIKA Tsiribihina Oniv LOHAVANANA 25 e H Antsirabe HMan AMBOHIMANAMBOLA L Mahanoro Betafo g 22 23 H H Fandriana oro AKSAF PHASE I L L n

Maintirano

t X

Nosy Boraha (ële Ste-Marie)

ka ibo ts

an

H Mananara Avaratra

VOHIBATO

Ikopa

M

Mampikony

Ambato Boeni H AMBODIROKA Maevatanana

MELAKY

Mandritsara

t X

No capacity stated for planned Madagascar and Seychelles power lines

y

Maravoay

Maroantsetra

Ba

m

oka sib

Mahavavy Sud

no

L

Antalaha

L Liquid fuels C Coal

gil

B O E N Y Bet

Antainambalana

moro Ka

HENRI FRAISE FILS MANDROSEZA NOOR I NOOR II ANTANANARIVO SCALING SOLAR

a M

L L L S

t H

L C

¤

on

ba ajam ah M

L AMBOHIMANAMBOLA

SOFIA

L

H ANTSIAFAPIANA

L C

W W W Wind

Ant

Boriziny

S

Bemarivo

Mahajanga

ANTANANARIVO

Antsohihy

Sambava Farahalana

H LOKOHO

Andapa

n t io g tin ruc ed era onst lann p O C P

ANDRANOMAMOFONA AMPANDRIAMBAZAHA BEVORY ANTOARA VOLOBE JIRAMA, VOLOBE CGHV 6 ANDEKALEKA 7 FANOVANA 8 AMBATOVY 9 Anjozorobe 10 ANGADANORO 11 FARAHANTSANA 12 MAHITSY 13 Ambohimanambola 14 MANDRAKA I 15 MANDRAKA II 16 ANTELOMITA 17 TSIAZOMPANIRY 18 Andramasina 19 BEHENJY 20 TSINJOARIVO 21 AMBOHIPIHAONANA 22 SAHANIVOTRY 23 MANANDONA 24 TALAVIANA (hydro-solar) 25 Ambohimanambola 1 2 3 4 5

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

Madagascar Comoros

20 10

Mauritius

25.61

0.83

1.27

6.15

0.66

1.24

24

80

98

* 2017, millions. Sources: SEforALL; IMF

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Upstream oil and Section gas NATIONAL OIL AND GAS COMPANIES AND STATE REGULATORS Entreprise Tunisienne dÕActivitŽs PŽtrolires (Etap) Onhym Sonatrach Alnaft

SociŽtŽ Mauritanienne des Hydrocarbures et de Patrimoine Minier (SMHPM) AutoritŽ pour la Promotion de la Petrosen Recherche PŽtrolire GNPC (Aurep) Petroguin

Onap PDSL Nocal LPRA

Sudapet OEPA

SociŽtŽ des Hydrocarbures du Tchad (SHT)

Sobeh Ghana Gas PŽtroci GNPC Petrocom

NNPC DPR Nilepet

GEPetrol, SONAGAS Alnaft: Agence Nationale pour la Valorisation des Ressources en Hydrocarbures

Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation (EGPC)

National Oil Corporation (NOC)

SociŽtŽ Nationale des Hydrocarbures (SNH)

ANP-STP

ANP-STP: Agncia Nacional do Petr—leo de S‹o TomŽ e Pr’ncipe

GOC DGH SNPC

DGH: Direction GŽnŽrale des Hydrocarbures DPR: Department of Petroleum Resources GNPC: Gambia National Petroleum Company

SociŽtŽ Nationale des Hydrocarbures du Congo (Sonahydro)

Sonangol Agncia Nacional de Petr—leo, G‡s e Biocombust’veis (ANPG)

GNPC: Ghana National Petroleum Corporation GOC: Gabon Oil Company LPRA: Liberia Petroleum Regulatory Authority Nocal: National Oil Company of Liberia NNPC: Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation OEPA: Oil Exploration and Production Administration Onhym: Office Nationale des Hydrocarbures et des Mines PAU: Petroleum Authority of Uganda PDSL: Petroleum Directorate Sierra Leone

Ethiopian Mineral, Petroleum and Biofuel Corporation (EMPBC) Somali National Oil Company (Sonoc) Somali Petroleum Authority

UNOC PAU National Oil Corporation of Kenya

PetroSeychelles

ZPRA Tanzania Petroleum Development Corporation (TPDC) National Oil Company of Malawi (Nocma) Empresa Nacional de Hidrocarbonetas de Moambique (ENH) Instituto Nacional de PŽtroleo (INP)

National Petroleum Corporation of Namibia (Namcor)

Onap: Office National des PŽtroles

Petroleum Corporation of Eritrea (PCE)

Office des Mines Nationales et des Industries StratŽgiques (Omnis)

Petrocom: Petroleum Commission, Ghana PŽtroci: SociŽtŽ Nationale dÕOpŽrations PŽtrolires de la C™te dÕIvoire PetroSA Petroleum Agency SA

Petrosen: SociŽtŽ des PŽtroles du SŽnŽgal SNPC: SociŽtŽ Nationale des PŽtroles du Congo Sobeh: SociŽtŽ BŽninoise des Hydrocarbures

Progress towards the 2016 EITI Standard:

SONAGAS: Sociedad Nacional de Gas G.E. UNOC: Uganda National Oil Company

Satisfactory progress

ZPRA: Zanzibar Petroleum Regulatory Authority

Meaningful progress

OPEC

GECF

EITI

Inadequate progress / suspended Yet to be assessed

African members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

African members of the Gas Exporting Countries Forum

Observer country

African implementing countries of the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative

59

North Africa

North African politics trump resources in an unstable region The resurgence of Egypt as a gas exporter and progress towards the development of domestic gas discoveries in Morocco are bright spots in an otherwise dismal hydrocarbons landscape. Elsewhere, politics and conflict have conspired to undermine promising prospects and there is little sign of this changing soon

I

n Egypt, where the offshore Nile Delta has become one of Africa’s most prospective hydrocarbons zones, the vast Zohr discovery and the development of various other prospects has inspired the government to establish a hub for eastern Mediterranean gas. There are significant commercial and logistical as well as geopolitical barriers to this plan, but an open policy towards IOC investment has driven interest in the sector. Eni and BP are responsible for most recent additions to production capacity. Eni’s near-field exploration strategy has added production at Nooros in the Nile Delta, Abu Rudeis Sidri in the Gulf of Suez, and Nour off North Sinai. BP has added production at Atoll and at fields in the West Nile Delta development, although start-up of the Raven field has been delayed until the end of 2020. Companies signing up for offshore exploration in 2019 and early 2020 included ExxonMobil, which agreed two licences on a bilateral basis. As well as loosening the historical dominance of Eni and BP, these deals also marked an important change in approach. Neither of them was agreed as part of a licensing round, which is how almost all awards in Egypt have been made until now. Other blocks have been licensed by Russia’s Zarubezhneft, Neptune Energy, Chevron, Royal Dutch Shell and the UAE’s Mubadala Petroleum. At the same time, an active farm-in and acquisition market for Egyptian assets has led to multiple transactions, a trend that shows no sign of slowing.

The planned development of gas discoveries by Sound Energy and SDX Energy have dominated Morocco’s upstream sector, providing a more optimistic perspective following the failure to discover significant hydrocarbons in the offshore Atlantic margin. In February 2020, Sound switched to a fast-track early production project based around a micro-LNG scheme for industrial customers, with first gas planned for 2021. A longerterm full field development with a 120km pipeline will eventually see gas sold to state utility Office National de l’Electricité et de l’Eau Potable for power generation.

Challenging climate By contrast, Algeria and Libya, the former giants of North African oil and gas, continue to present unenticing prospects for upstream investors. Algeria’s attempts to overcome a decade of political dysfunction and botched management have repeatedly foundered on its inability to maintain stable leadership at national oil and gas company Sonatrach. In 2018,

60

MAJOR NORTH AFRICAN OIL AND GAS PRODUCERS, 2000 Ð18 Million tonnes / million tonnes oil equivalent (mtoe) 100

Algeria oil

Libya oil

75

Algeria gas Egypt gas 50

Egypt oil 25

Libya gas 0

2000 01

02

03

04

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2019

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

its then head Abdelmoumen Ould Kaddour instituted a new commercial approach, reset relationships with IOCs and pushed for major revisions to the hydrocarbons code, which were finally promulgated on the day before the December 2019 presidential election. Any concrete benefits from these developments have been dissipated in the political maelstrom that followed the end of Abdelaziz Bouteflika’s presidency in April 2019. Immediately after Bouteflika withdrew his candidacy and the planned presidential election was postponed, Kaddour was dismissed. Three others have headed the parastatal since then. While ExxonMobil signed an agreement in September 2019 to participate alongside Eni, Equinor and Total in a study assessing the hydrocarbon potential of the Algerian Sahara, IOCs are still holding back from commitments to exploration or development. In Libya, warlord Khalifa Haftar’s blockade of oil production and export facilities in January 2020 reduced output from 1.2m b/d to a little over 114,000 b/d by early March. By this time, it had caused about $3bn in cumulative losses. Among Haftar’s demands for lifting the blockade were the replacement of the heads of the Central Bank and National Oil Corporation, plus a greater share of oil revenues to be distributed to the eastern province of Cyrenaica. Neither Haftar nor the Tripoli-based Government of National Accord has sufficient military or geopolitical leverage to finish the other off, and the only certain outcome is that NOC’s ambitious development plans have once again been indefinitely delayed.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

0

0

0

Miles

20

0m

BOUJDOUR OFFSHORE SHALLOW

El Ayoun

Lanzarote

Fuerteventura

0m

(Spain)

100

MAZAGAN OFFSHORE

O

U

IR

A

Tan-Tan

SIDI MOUSSA OFFSHORE Genel Energy

Sidi Ifni Guelmim

LEMSID

ZAG

Smara

Western Sahara

(under UN mandate)

LA

G

SAKIA EL HAMRA

TARFAYA OFFSHORE SHALLOW Eni

IFNI DEEP OFFSHORE

MIR LEFT OFFSHORE

SIDI MOKTAR Sound Energy

ZAG

A

U

N

SO

Agadir

El Jadida

T

SS

D

TU

Mekns

A

H

T

Beni Mellal

AO

UZ

P

Fs

M

O

Y

E

Timahdit oil shale

MW MOULAY BOUCHTA EL KANSERA

S

ƒ

R

A

TANFIT Repsol

N

S

å

A

T

U

L

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

* Onhym retains an interest in all reconnaissance contracts and petroleum agreements

S

AZATE

A

OUARZ

OUARZAZATE

Ouarzazate

H

A

L

R ER

Ad Dakhla

CIF

I

I

LEMSID

(under UN mandate)

Boujdour

Tarfaya

Figuig

0m

Km Miles

0 0

100

200

NOTE: Map shows blocks offered for licensing by Moroccan state company Onhym. However, blocks have also been offered by PolisarioÕs Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (see African Energy Atlas 2011, p54).

Smara

ZAG

SAKIA EL HAMRA

M A U R I TA N I A

El Ayoun

Western Sahara

BOUJDOUR OFFSHORE I BOUJDOUR OFFSHORE II

TENDRARA

GRAND TENDRARA Sound Energy

TARFAYA OFFSHORE SHALLOW Eni

20

GAZODUC PEDRO DURAN FARRELL (GPDF) / GAZODUC MAGHREB EUROPE (GME) FROM HASSI RÕMEL

A L G ER I A

S

SBK

BOUJDOUR OFFSHORE SHALLOW

A

ANOUAL Sound Energy

F

Oujda

HAUTS PLATEAUX

F

FUTURE TENDRARA GAS EXPORT PIPELINE (TGEP)?

FOUM OGNIT OFFSHORE

NIB

BOUJDOUR MARITIME Onhym

Lagouira

ANZARANE OFFSHORE

GU

Er Rachidia

T

DE

ATLANTIC OCEAN

U BO

BOUDENIB

Taza

R

(Sp.)

HASSI BERKANE

GUERCIF Predator Gas Ventures

ƒ

O

Nador

Melilla

(Sp.)

Albor‡n

MEDITERRANEAN SEA

Al-Hoceima

M O R O C C O

TADLAHAOUZ

Khouribga

Former Spanish Sahara under UN mandate pending final decolonisation; sovereignty contested by Morocco and Polisario Front. AlgerianMoroccan border not ratified south of Figuig.

R

MAURITANIA

I

RO

M TAOUNATE

Ouezzane

OUEZZANE

TŽtouan

AL C CENTR MARO

A

Marrakech

LS

Mohammedia

CLOSED

FU

KŽnitra

RABAT

KO MO

LOUKOS OFFSHORE

Casablanca

Youssoufia

LIXUS OFFSHORE Chariot Oil LN & Gas

ASILAH

TangerMed

SPAIN Gibraltar (UK) altar of Gibr Ceuta (Sp.) it ra t S

Tangier

GHARB OFFSHORE S Dhar Doum

GHARB OFFSHORE N

CASABLANCA OFFSHORE

DOUKKALA K ABDA U K D A Olympus O D A B Energy

Jorf Lasfar

UNDER CONSTRUCTION

MESK ALA

20 00

RABAT DEEP OFFSHORE EL JADIDA OFFSHORE

Safi SAFI OFFSHORE

Essaouira

SAFI DEEP OFFSHORE

A T L A N T I C O C E A N

40

MOGADOR OFFSHORE SIDI RHALEM (under HAHA negotiation) Petroleum Exploration RA Ltd OUI SA INEZGANE OFFSHORE S E Europa Oil & Gas SOUSS

200

Tarfaya Tarfaya oil shale

Kilometres

LNG regasification plant and import terminal

Oil tanker terminal

Oil refinery

Gas pipeline

Gas field

Oil field

Prospect

Petroleum agreement*

Canary Is .

40

0m

20 0

? RE

B

AR

RH

Reconnaissance contract*

Y

S

Open block

B

LA

A

A

T

L

A M

KO KƒNITRA OFFSHORE Chariot Oil & Gas LN LALLA MIMOUNA N SDX Energy LS LALLA MIMOUNA S SDX Energy MO MOHAMMEDIA OFFSHORE Chariot Oil & Gas MW MOULAY BOUCHTA W SDX Energy RO RHARB OCCIDENTAL SDX Energy S SEBOU CENTRAL SDX Energy

A

N

U

O

A

EL

G Z

S

A

L D

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020 TA

S

m

IS

m 00

R

0m

U

20

O

BASIN Onshore sedimentary basin

Morocco

Bespoke consultancy services

We have an extensive network of in-country researchers and associates in over 40 African countries and can draw on over two decades of staff expertise to support your work throughout all stages of the project development and investment cycle.

www.africa-energy.com/consultancy

61

OFFSHORE BEJAìA

SPAIN

Koudiet Boumerds / Skikda Annaba Eddraouch Jijel TiziBŽja•a Isser Ouzou CONSTANTINE 3 Hadjret Ennouss DO GK G Mila Beni 1 Constantine GL1-Z, TŽns Mansour GL2-Z, Souk Ahras Blida GL3-Z SŽtif BORDJ BOU AìN ZEFT Tamlouka 200 Ech ChŽlif Arzew/ HODNA W ARRERIDJ TUNI 0m C O N S TA N T I N E Bethioua Mostaganem T E L L BOUGHEZOUL OUED A•n Djasser M ENRICO MATTEI / A•n Repsol B A S I N ED GUETERINI BASIN TRANSOB Be•da G Oran AZ MEDITERRANEAN MÕSila 1, OB 4 Batna RGZ3 GZ Melilla (TRANSMED) 2 Tiaret Sidi Bel TIARET TO SICILY (Sp.) BŽni Saf GZ4 TŽbessa Bou Abbs Ghazaouet Sougueur BOTTENA S‰ada MASCARA DEMOUN Biskra DJEBEL DJEBEL FOUA Sa•da OGLAT Oued Saf-Saf Tlemcen EL MEZGOUB Djelfa

Almer’a

NK 1

GZ0, GZ1, GZ2, GZ3, GZ4, LZ1, LZ2, LNZ1, NZ1, OZ1, OZ2

Laricha

El Bayadh

Mecheria

NILI DAOURA

A•n Sefra

EL HADJIRA

HASSI RÕMEL

EL OUABED II

DJEBEL BISSA BELKETAIEF

DJORFA

MEHAIGUENE

HASSI RÕMEL S

Gharda•a

GUERN ECH CHEIKH

ABADLA

HASSI BA HAMOU (HBH) HASSI REG TIDJERANE MOUADED (HTJ)

HASSI TIDJERANE W

TAMAZIA

GR3, GR5

GOUMRIAT

MEHAREZ

KERZAZ

TI MI MO U N B A SI N

BŽni Abbs

TINKHELLOUF

TINERKOUK (TNK) TEMESSELT (TMS)

A

Tabelbala

L

HASSI HASSI BA TIDJERANE HAMOU ZERAFA ERG

G

DJEBEL SAMARI

BELRHAZI

(ECF)

E

ZERAFA ZERAFA W

TIMIMOUN N CHOUIREF

Timimoun

AMZ BEJOUEN

OUE D M Y A BA S I N

Ouargla

MELRHIR

El Oued Touggourt NK1 TOUGGOURT II

R

Haoud El Hamra

El Borma

EL AGREB NW

B ER K IN E B A S I N

El MŽnia (El GolŽa)

FELDJET EZ ZRINE

Djamaa

DJEBEL ONK

HASSI EL KERMA

AMGUID DHJORF OUED NOUMER MESSAOUD MAKOUDA BAB EL HATTBAT BASIN MERABIA W

GHARDAìA II

GUERN EL GUESSA

GR7

BŽchar

TINDOUF CENTRE

SIDI MEZGHICH

TAGHIT

GUERGUIT EL KIHAL Sonatrach RAS TOUMB

ZELFANA

NECHOU

MO R O CCO

KSAR HIRANE

BORDJ NILI

Na‰ma

2, GO CO 1, NRI ) GO3 (E TEI T O A G M OB1,OB2,OK1

Laghouat

AìN MAHDI

MECHERIA

GO G 1, K1, GO GK 2, 2, GO 3

GAZODUC PEDRO DURAN FARRELL (GPDF) / GAZODUC MAGHREB EUROPE (GME)

DF

0m 00 00m 10

GK GK 3 1, GK 2

GG1

m

EGP

2

1000

RG G 1

ar f Gibralt

Ceuta (Sp.)

ALGIERS

STEP

RA1-Z

O K1

Gibraltar (UK)

ATLANTIC OCEAN

I

A

KRECHBA

HASSI MAHDJIB MOUYDIR TIMIMOUN*** GR5 BELRHAZI 17 BASIN TIBERHAMINE In Salah IRHAREN 15 1 16 Gas* TEGUENTOR T O U ATSBåA TouatGaz** 14 SBAA 4 13 3 2 11 12 TA D M A ì T REGGANE 6 DJEBEL REG 5 10 BOUTERAA P L AT E A U 7 HIRANE Adrar GARET EL BEFINAT In Salah Gas* KAHAL TABELBALA N (KTN) MÕSARI 8 RA1D 9 AKABLI DJEBEL HIRANE KAHAL IN SALAH II FIELDS GARET EL Enel HASSI MOUMENE E TABELBALA (DHKT) 34 GUEFOUL HASSI MOUMENE In Salah Gas* REGGANE N 21 23 Repsol DJEBEL HIRANE N In Salah 19 22 AHNET IN SALAH In Salah Gas* SALI KAHLOUCHE (KL) 33 TIT REGGANE DJEBEL ZINI KAHLOUCHE S 18 Aoulef GOUR MAHMOUD In Salah Gas* 25 (KLS) 20 26 IN BAZZENE 24 Reggane REZKALLAH 32 27 28 BAHAR EL 31 HAMMAR (BH) 30 DJEBEL THARA TIBARADINE 29 AZZEL MATTI

FEIDJ EL HAD (FHD) HASSI MÕDAKANE (HDK)

TI N D O U F B A SI N

Tindouf

In AmŽnas

I LLIZ I B A S I N

REGGANE

EGLAB

BASIN

MA SS IF

CHENACHENE CENTRE

AHNET

GARA AZZEL MATTI

MAURITANIA

BASIN

ADRAR MORRAT (AMT)

IMERAGUENE

Open area Sonatrach prospection area Sonatrach exploration /operating area IOC/ joint venture exploration /operating area

TA O U D EN I B A S IN

Oil field Gas / condensate field Oil pipeline/s [O prefix] future? Gas/ LPG pipeline/s [G/L / DL prefix] future?

M A L I

Condensate pipeline/s [N prefix] future?

Illizi

TAS SIL I N ÕA

MEREDOUA

1 OUFRANE N (OFN), OUED DRINA (ODA) 2 GOUR NEFRAT, OUED HAMOU TouatGaz** 3 BOU HADID, BOU HADID W TouatGaz** 4 TOUAT CNPC 5 DECHEIRA CNPC 6 DECHEIRA W CNPC 7 OUED ZINE TouatGaz** 8 HASSI ILATOU, HASSI ILATOU NE, HASSI ILATOU CAMBRIEN TouatGaz** 9 OUED TOURHAR CNPC 10 AZZENE CNPC 11 FOUKROUN CNPC 12 IRHARAN S 13 HASSI YAKOUR 14 DRINA 15 ABIOD

16 AFFLISSES 17 HASSI BAROUDA, BAROUDA N 18 AZRAFIL 19 TIOULILENE 20 AZRAFIL SE 21 HASSI MÕSARI 22 OUED TALHA 23 TIGFERMAS 24 MEKERRANE N (MKRN) 25 DJEBEL BERGA, SEBKHET EL MELAH 26 OUED DJARET 27 TIRECHOUMINE 28 ANASMIT 29 KREBB EL DOURO 30 DJEBEL MOUAHDRINE 31 MAHBES GUENATIR 32 DJEBEL BELDA 33 HASSI HASSINE 34 DJOUA

JJ

ER

Djanet In Ekker

I F A S S R M A G G H O Tamanrasset

Bordj Badji Mokhtar

Oil refinery / future? Gas processing plant / future?

NI G ER

Oil tanker terminal LPG tanker terminal LNG liquefaction plant and export terminal

62

m

GL1-K, GL2-K

SIDI RÕCINE (RA1-G)

OFFSHORE MOSTAGANEM

ai t o Str

GASDOTTO ALGERIA SARDEGNA ITALIA (GALSI) TO ITALY RA1-K RA2-K

10

MEDITERRANEAN SEA

2000 m

C—rdoba

PORT.

00

Algeria

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

300 150

* Sonatrach Ð BP Ð Equinor joint venture ** Groupement TouatGaz (GTG), a Sonatrach Ð ** Neptune Energy Touat joint venture *** Groupement Timimoun, a Sonatrach Ð *** Total Ð Cepsa joint venture

In Guezzam

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Section Algeria

EL HADJIRA

KEF EL ARGOUB

PetroVietnam, TOUGGOURT PTTEP EI

MOUIAT OULAD MESSAOUD

BOU OULOUGGA CNPC KHEZANA SAHANE HANIET EL RHOURDE DRAå EL BEIDA OUARSENIS OUED EL CHEGGA NÕGOUSSA TEMRA MERAA HANIET EL CNPC GARET ECH MOKTA GUELLALA CHOUF MELLAIA NE BAB HATTABA CNPC TAKHOUKHT ARGLA U O NECHOU GARET BEN BKP GUELLALA Ouargla CHENNTIR Haoud El Hamra BERKAOUI W HASSI

MESSAOUD

OD 3

EL ASSEL BERKINE ZEMLET EL ADREG (ZEA) RHOURDE Gazprom NE SAYAH

H2

N NEZLA

BRIDES W BRIDES ZERG

Gassi Chergui

L

G

RHOURDE CHOUFF

SE

I

SW

NE

Pertamina

OURHOUD

Anadarko

TO LA SKHIRA

Bordj Messaouda

EME

EL MERK (EMK)

EL HAIAD TIMISSIT W

TIMISSIT Equinor

IN AMEDJENE N

EL OUAR E

A

EL OUAR S

OUDOUME W

TIN ZEMANE

1

TIN TADDA

2

OUAN SEDOUKHANE

OHANET II

OH GARA 1 TISSELIT II NH 2

Gerboise

TIMELLOULINE S (TMLS) TAHALA N GUELT (THL N A IN HOUDET ASK N (GL ) N AR EN ) IN ADAOUI E (

OUAN ESSAR

MEREKSEN HASSI IMOULAYE (HIM) AìN ANTAR DIMETA N (AAR) STAH

DIMETA W

TINRHERT

LIBYA

BORDJ OMAR DRISS

TIMISSIT E

TINRHERT N Dragon Oil

SEDOUKHANE E (SEDE)

R2 , 1, G 1 GR , DLR LR1

BOUKHECHBA II

C

OT1

BORDJ OMAR DRISS N

HAMRA II

RHOURDE NOUSS IN AMEDJANE

R NH

1 LR

HAMRA

EKTAIA

RHOURDE ADRA

S

ERG EL OUAR

OH

MEKSEM EL ASSAL

E

RHOURDE NOUSS

BIR RERN REBAA RERW RHOURDE EL (BRÉ) ROUNI (RER) RHOURDE SEGHIR RHOURDE OULED N DJEMAå (ROD) W

EL OUAR

IN AMEDJANE

A

BERKINE NE (BKNE)

MLE MZLN LEW Eni MZLS LES LEC GSM LEDJMET (LÉ)

GASSI TOUIL

2 NH

EL BORMA W

BHP

B A S I N

RHOURDE LEDJMET S II HAMRA RHOURDE NOUSS

AZEL

ZEMLET EN NOUSS

KHECHEM EN NASSEUR OD1 RHOURDE ATTAR (RAR)

QOUBBA N RHOURDE EL FARES II NEY (QBN) OURHOUD II YAN Eni RHOURDE EL RHOURDE FARES (RFR) Anadarko BIR BERKINE S ZETTAH EL KHROUF II (RKF) WADI EL TEH ZCH Cepsa (IPIC) MENZEL LEDJMET KMD EL KHEIT ZEMLET EL TESSAKHA (EKT) (MLÉ) REGAB (ZER) ZETTAH NW N (ZTH) Pertamina W Pertamina MLE II EMN C

LEDJMET II OH3, OH4

TOUAL

EL KHLEF

TUNISIA

BIR SIF EL BORMA FATIMA (BSF) SIF FATIMA II SFNE Eni SIF FATIMA (SF) HASSI BERKINE ElSEBorma RHOURDE DEBDABA (RDB) (HBNÉ) BBKS S SFSW Anadarko RHOURDE BERKINE (RBK)

BIR BERKINE (BBK)

B E R K I N E

GASSI EL ADEM

GASSI CHERGUI RHOURDE W

ROME

BBKN O.II Eni N

Hassi Berkine

EL ARBI

ZEMLET EL RAGAB N

GASSI EL ADEM N

GASSI TOUIL

ZEMOUL EL KBAR (ZEK) REC ZEA Eni

RHOURDE AKBAR

GASSI TOUIL

HASSI TOUAREG

RHOURDE OULED

ZEMLET ZEMLET EN MESSAOUD EN NAGA NAGA N (ZENN) (ROM)

DAMRANE

S

OD1

EL BORMA

HASSI KASKESSA

Cepsa (Ipic)

ZEMLET EL ARBI Eni 2 OD

MESDAR

4, N

EL AGREB

OULED NÕSIR

BEHIRET AISSA

2

ZOTTI

HASSI DZABAT

R2, 1 R 1, G , G R 1, D L GM1 R6, LR ,G GR4

EL GASSI

H

HASSI TARFA

HASSI TOUMLET

H 3, O , OH OH1

HASSI TOUMIAT

RHOURDE MOUZA

RHOURDE EL BAGUEL

BIR MÕSANA (BMS)

HAMADET EL GUETTA GUENAFIDE

HASSI TOUMIAT O

HASSI GUETTAR W HASSI HASSI GUETTAR KHEBIZA HASSI OULED ZINE HASSI GUETTAR S

AìN ROMANA

HASSI BIR REKAìZ S

DRAå ED DOUI

Hassi Messaoud

HAOUD OZ1, OZ2, BEN BERKAOUI KAHLA GR1, GR2, GR4, LR1, DLR1, NH1

EL AGREB NW

HASSI BIR REKAìZ SEMHARI E PTT Exploration & Production SEMHARI (PTTEP)

A M G U I D M E S S A O U D B A S I N

EL MÕZAìD E

La Skhira

HBHJ

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

HAMADET EL GUELTA

BIR SEBA

BIR EL ATRECH

OK1

SIA

OB1, OB2,

NK1

MOUKHAG EL EL KEBACH HAICHA KEF EL ARGOUB N

EL MÕZAìD II

TOUGGOURT E II

TOUGGOURT II

K) AS

GUELTA TIMISSIT (GLT) N TISSELIT N GARA Rosneft BRUNE OHANET TAMADANET (TM) S ALRAR BORDJ S Ohanet R2, N (ALR) OMAR 1, G 1 TIMEDRATINE (TMT) TILMAS IN AKAMIL N GR 1, DLR OUED DRISS II DJOUA (TIL) LR ZINANI (IKN) KREBB W E TIN FOUYƒW DJEBEL ALRAR C Rosneft W MZI H) TABANKORT Hassi OUARENE ACHEB (AC Mazoula TAKOUAZET (TFT) TARADJELI OUAN DJOUA TAOURATINE TRIG N E ALRAR S (OTL) W (ALS) IN AKAMIL (IAK) Hassi IFEFANE N (IFN) Mazoula B Total OHANET II TRIG S IN AMƒNAS II (TRG) TAN EDEYEN ZARZAITINE NE IN AM. N TAHARA W ERG C BALOUL BIR EL QUETARA In AmŽnas Gara Sinopec ISSAOUANE IRLALENE (BEQ) IN ZARZAITINE TFT SUD GARA S AMƒNAS ADOUHOUM E W S Total Zarzaitine TIMESNAGUENE (TIM) TIFERNINE (TRF) Medex TIHIGALINE TIHALATINE TIGUENTOURINE La W NW ReculŽe ARENE ERG IHANSATENE In Amenas* NE IISAOUANE II TIDERER REMAL ISARENE EL TIG. E TENERE BEUGRA Edjeleh TIGUENTOURINE AìN EDJELEH BOURARHAT S II TSILA In Am.* In Am.* HASSI TIN HASSI OUAN TABTAB ZAOUATENE ABECHEU TIN HASSI MAROUKINE In Am.* Tan Emellel FARIDA OUAN TAREDERT F-2 TAN EMELLEL E Isarene** OUED TISSIT F-3 DïME Ë TIN EL ADEB TIHIGALINE COLLINIAS N ESSAMEID LARACHE Tamendjelt

AMASSAK

TIRAREMINE N

FIELDS

Bordj Omar Driss

I L L I Z I

BAS I N

TAFASSASSET

TI

HI

GA

Kilometres

0

Miles

100 50

E

0

LIN

LE COULOIR

F-1

ASSEKAIFAF

SE ILLIZI Repsol

N C S

BUTTE NOIRE

* In Amenas Gas Project, a Sonatrach Ð * BP Ð Equinor joint venture ** Groupement Isarene, a Sonatrach Ð ** Petroceltic Ð Enel joint venture

OUBARAKAT OUED IN TERRIA

D™me ˆ Collinias DAIA

IKEBRANE

AMENENAD

W

AMASRALAD

Abandoned fields or where production has ceased are shown in upper and lower case

2018 © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Production Consumption Proved reserves

Oil

Gas

1.51m b/d

92.3bcm

414,000 b/d

42.7bcm

12.2bn bbls

4.3tcm

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2019

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

63

Tunisia

JALTA

00m 10

M E D I T E R R A N E A N

2

METLINE (P) TESKRAYA (P) Panoceanic Panoceanic Energy SIDI Energy AMOR

KEF ABBED (P) Panoceanic Energy

S E A

00m

1 000 m

Egadi Is.

0m 20

Mazaro del Vallo

Sicily

200m

UTIQUE Etap

Tabarka

La Goulette

BARAKA Eni

Sousse

DOULEB Etap

TRIAGA

TAMESMIDA Etap

Compagnie Franco-Tunisinne des PŽtroles (CFTP)

FŽriana ENRICO MATTEI / TRANS-MEDITERRANEAN (TRANSMED)

CHANCHOU

T U N I S I A HEZOUA (P) Hunt Oil

FUTURE?

Ghannouch

Chott El Jerid

Kebili

JEBIL

Gabs

EL WAHA (P) Hunt Oil

MAZRANE HBS

TEBAGA

Production concession Oil field Gas field

EL BIBANE Ecumed

200m

Mellitah

KAMBOUT

ARAIFA YNG Exploration (Yug-Neftegaz) DJEBEL GROUZ EL Eni RIMEL

Gas pipeline future?

EL BORMA EL BORMA SociŽtŽ Italo-Tunisienne dÕExploitation PŽtrolire (Sitep)

LPG pipeline

JENEIN C Atog

Oil refinery Gas processing plant Oil tanker terminal LNG liquefaction plant and export terminal

BIR BEN TARTAR Medco Energi

SANRHAR Serinus Energy

OUM ZOUGAR

MAKHROUGA BIR ABDALLAH Sodeps*** SEA

ECH CHOUECH Serinus Energy

100

NAWARA JENEIN S OMV BORJ EL KHADRA Eni

OMV

SALLOUM EL AIN, GREMDA RHEMOURA EL HAJEB GUEBIBA Mahares

ANAGUID E OMV

7 AMANI 8 CEM

DORRA OMV 9 DORRA 10 MONA

ADAM Eni 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

MEJDA ADAM, NADIR JANET NOUR DALIA IKLIL KARMA HAWA

FROM IN AMƒNAS

LAARICH Sodeps***

21 OUED ZAR 32 LAARICH 22 HAMMOUDA 33 LAARICH SE CHEROUK OMV 34 LAARICH

23 24 25 26 27 BORJ EL KHADRA Eni 28 19 BOCHRA 29 20 ABIR 30 31

NAKHIL

BENEFSEJ S OMV

L I B YA

EL AZZEL EL BADR WAHA CHEROUK SHAHEEN ANGHAM METHAQ FARAH HAYETT

DEBBECH Sodeps*** 35 DEBBECH

SMIDA (open)

36 Zemlet El Taiara 37 NASSIM

* Etap Ð Sonatrach joint venture ** Etap Ð Panoro 50/50 joint venture *** La SociŽtŽ de DŽveloppement et dÕExploitation du Permis du Sud, an Etap Ð Eni joint venture Abandoned fields or where production has ceased are shown in upper and lower case © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

2018 Production Proved reserves

50

OUED ZAR Eni

8 7 ANAGUID E OMV

CHEROUK DEBBECH 10 9 DORRA OMV Sodeps*** OMV 34 JINANE 12 36 35 33 32 11 OMV 23 LAARICH Sodeps*** 24 25 OUED ZAR Eni SMIDA 30 27 26 22 21 ADAM Eni 31 37 29 28 17 16 14 13 CHER. AD. 18 15 19 ARIJ 20

CHOUECH ES SAIDA Serinus Energy

Sfax area

1 2 3 4 5 6

SUD REMADA Anglo Tunisian Oil & Gas (Atog)

Remada

SONDES OMV EL BORMA N

Oil pipeline

64

RIME BREGAT

SIDI TAOUI

BEN KHEDACHE

Undeveloped oil/gas concession

Miles

L I B YA

DIDON N DIDON Etap

Tataouine

Exploration / prospection (P) permit

0

KSAR EZZAOUIA ELYSSA

ZARAT

Ben Guardane

DOUIRET (P) Mazarine Energy

Block under negotiation

Kilometres

DIDON Etap

Zarzis

JOINT EXPLORATION AREA Joint Oil (Etap Ð NOC) MISKAR

BOUGHRARA TAGUELMIT

Open block

0

ROBBANA Ecumed

MÕSELA ISIS Columbus

AMILCAR Shell

HASDRUBAL

APO (Etap Ð Shell JV)

MŽdinine

ZAAFRANE Mazarine Energy

ZAPHIR (requested block)

BG Tunisia (Shell)

SALAMBO Houmt- ële de Souk Jerba OUEDHREF

TAMAZRET

TARFA BAGUEL Perenco BAGUEL

CHAFFAR

Sfax

EZZAOUIA Maretap GHRIB Mazarine Energy

CHEBBA MARIN (P) Etap Permit frozen

KSOUR ESSAF

1

Go lfe de Gab s

EL FRANIG Perenco SABRIA Serinus Energy

Lampedusa

JAWAHRA ASHTART Serept

FUTURE?

NEFZAOUA YNG Energy (Yug-Neftegaz)

MALTA

Linosa

Lampione

CERCINA ëles Kerkenah 4 CHERGUI Perenco 3 5 CERCINA S 6 TPS** HANNIBAL RAS EL BESH Panoro HASDRUBAL SFAX OFFSHORE (SOEP) JUGURTHA LA SKHIRA Panoro 2

La Skhira

ejaj El F Chott

Tozeur

m 200

KABOUDIA Numhyd*

Thyna Petroleum Services (TPS)**

Sidi Behara

CHAAL Etap

MEZZOUNA

HALK EL MENZEL Topic

Gozo

00

EL JEM Thani EL JEM Tunisia MAGROUBA

SIDI EL ITAYEM

ALI BEN KHALIFA

Gafsa

CHORBANE E AL-MANSOURA

10

m El Mediouni MAHDIA Circle Oil

Mahdia

SIDI EL KILANI Compagnie Tuniso-Koweitienne de PŽtrole (CTKP)

SEMMAMA Etap

Golfe de Hammamet

Tabulbah

ALOUAN

SIDI EL HENI

Kasserine

200

m

MREZGA

COSMOS YASMIN COSMOS S Oudna Medco Energi COSMOS Medco Energi

Monastir

Msaken

Kairouan

EL GARSI

1000

BIRSA Top Energy

m

Sbikha

OUED BAHLOUL

JELMA Etap

Chott El Gharsa

ZELFA TAFERNINE Lundin

SAOUAF (P) Upland Saouaf (Upland Resources)

MELLEGUƒ

Tajerouine

MAAMOURA

MAAMOURA Eni

Enfidha

0m

200m

m

Tazerka

20

Hammamet

El Kef

SUFAITULA MAJOURA

SOMAA ZINNIA NEAPOLIS Winstar (Serinus) HAMMAMMET W

El Menzah Ecumed Belli

Zaghouan

200

BENI KHALLED Exxoil

Gela

I TA LY

Pantelleria

DOUGGA

ERREND (requested block)

TUNIS

EL KEF Primoil

JOUGAR

LAMBOUKA

COMPRESSION STATION

BIZERTE

ZAHRET MEDYEN TIBAR BŽja

EZZAHRA

Golfe ële Zembra de Tunis CAP BON

0m

STIR

20

m 2000 m 1000 200m

ALGERIA

ENRICO MATTEI / TRANS-MEDITERRANEAN (TRANSMED)

KORBOUS

Bizerte

GREENSTR EAM

La Galite

Oil 50,000 b/d 0.4bn bbls

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2019

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Libya

T)

AM 2 3 RE ST Y EN CIL N E I C 1 GR O S T

O

PR

Joint Oil (NOC Ð Etap)

FPSO FARWAH

Gabs

AL-JURF

15

Ras Ajdir

YA

N

TIGI 47 Nalut 047 Medco Q J NC2 A Energi Agoco 46 C,T C,N B,F Q L NC118D I H Agoco B-E NC100 I Agoco NC118A A 63 64 Eni Z V

WLG

Ghadames 62 79

80

81 Y

95 AL-WAFA

X

NC7A Agoco

137S Total

TRIPOLI

33

35

36

Al-Khums

Misratah

23-A 48 49 ES SANIA EL MILAGHI

50

51

Bani Walid

NC4 Agoco TLACSIN 70-C

37 200

100

52

NC162-C

66

NC5A Agoco

54

53

Gulf of Sirte AROUS AL-BAHAR 054 Hess

67

68

10 Harouj 70

69

3000m 29

28

27

2000m m

Susah

41

40

C

29 Gulf of Waha Bomba

042/1 Agoco

AGOCO

Tobruk

Benghazi

Qaminis

72

Zuweitina

61

60 060/4 Agoco

Umm Saad

058 Wintershall Dea

056 Agoco NC129 Agoco

Marsa Al-Harigah

59 2 Agoco

057/4 58 Agoco 2-B

57

56

55

45

44

43

Darnah

42

NC210 Sirte Oil

LPG

71

2000m

SEA

Al-Baida A R E A Eni

CYR ENA ICA 77 BAS IN Agoco

ANTELAT

78

75 075/3,4

74

73

76

Sidra CLOSED

CC

GHADAMES NC8A B A S I N Agoco LL 96

84

85

EL HAMRA

86

025 Waha

Marsa Al-Brega

Ras Lanuf

94

93

92

91

90

89

88

87

AlJaghbub

SIRTE BASIN

Houn

E FIELDS

98

TAHARA Sirte Oil

AREA B Eni

13

26

25

24

23

39

38

0m

0m

Sirte

65

3

18

34

Q NC40A DD,T J-66 Eni HH 82 DD-66 83 082/4 Tatneft AA,V GAZELL F O EMGAYET FF

97

22

21

KABIR

V

NC168 AREA A Eni NC179 Alepco

NC169A Eni

20

3000

Az-Zawiya Yafran Gharyan

NC162-B 064 Gazprom

P

90 Agoco

CON DEN SAT E

( W E ST

ER

N

NC216 Sirte Oil

19

A Sirte M H Oil K P G NC41 Eni

ARC

32

17

PELA GI A N SH ELF

BAHR ES SALAM

Mellitah

NC1 Agoco

30

D T,U

9 137-K Suncor

31

B LI

GA S

TUNISIA

16

A C

14

12

11

m

MEDITERRANEAN

O i l

S i r t e

00

0m 00

137N Total NC167 Sirte Oil

NC41-D BOURI NC41-E

1

6 4

10

9

8

7

6 5 ICJ delimitation line between Libya and Malta

JE

C

4

30

7TH OF NOVEMBER JOINT EXPLORATION AREA

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

110

109

108

99

NC151A 114 Sirte Oil

NC151-F

Sarir

NC210 113 Zalaf Oil & Gas

ATSHAN 128 C

127

143

G E

1 2 3 4 5 6

130 NC186 Repsol 131

NC186 EL SHARARA FIELDS F C A H R

H

144

NC190E Sirte Oil

113/1,2 PGNIG B 129

ALI ALMAS ARBAB E1-92 Agoco Ghat CHOBOC 145 Bu Hamud, 159 160 Ogle 7 3I1-11 NC191 8 4D1-11 Total 9 Daba, Gsur 10 11-4R 23 Y1-59 36 11 GHANI 24 DDD-59 37 12 AA-11 25 5F-59, RR-59 38 13 NC78-A 26 AA-59 39 14 H-44 27 WARID 40 15 DAHAR 28 LABIBA 41 16 FIDDA 29 Rachamat 42 17 HAKIM 30 GHAZZUN 43 18 SAFSAF 31 SHEHABET, 44 19 ZELLA Talah 45 20 ASWAD, 32 ETILE 46 N74E-D 33 WADI 47 21 HAMAMA, 34 ZAGGUT 48 HAMAMA W 35 LP-3D 49 22 KARIM

B NC115 Akakus

N-P

72 Suncor

Sebha 132

133

Awbari

MURZUQ BP A S I N

L

CAMEL Eni

147 N SCORPION N TPAO Murzuq NC200 Eni 147 J Repsol TPAO A B E K EL FEEL L,M (ELEPHANT) Eni NC101 NC58-A NOC

146 161

147 162

FFF-6, YYYYI-6 VV-6 A•n Jerbi 6-DDDD Meghil 175 176 4J-6 LEHIR DOR-MERADA Arshad RRRR-6 NN-13 E-94 MEHERIGA SAHABI NC82-A

148 163

134

149

164

135

I 150

151

Y 152

138

142

141

140

139

A 153

The warlord Khalifa Haftar initiated a blockade of oil and gas production facilities in January 2020 in pursuit of political concessions. This caused a loss in revenue of nearly $4bn by early April1682020. 167 165 166 Production declined from 1.22m b/d before the blockade to 89,933 b/d by April.

158

157

156

154

155

169

170

171

184

185

186

KUFRA BASIN

186 Eni

195

196

173

172

Kufra

Rakb-GG, Rakb-JJ 182 RAKB, Rakb-CC NC171B, NC171D FARIGH 73 NC98-B 6P1-59 74 NC125-C HARASH 75 XX-82 6C, 6I 76 KK-82 J-59 77 UU-82 5O-59 192 188 189 78 OO-82 5I-59 79 LL-82 4T-59, Abandoned fields or where production has ceased are shown in upper and lower case 80 NC83C-A 5H-59 81 5N, 5R, 61 4D-59 SIRTE OIL CO. HC171-E1A CLOSED As Sidrah 10 6K, YY-59 62 3U-59 Harouj 82 HAMID, Q97 63 T-80 Ras Lanuf 32 83 MASRAB, 64 LIBBA Marsa Al-Brega 31 B-88, Waha C1-105 65 NC-84 Waha D-88 66 AS SARAH, 84 MAGID, 16 Z1-80 JAKHIRA Sirte Oil Q-31 NC29B BU GREA 85 EE-80 67 L-51 NC193 Zueitina 86 KK-80 68 K-51 Wintershall NC29C R-31 BAZUZI Dea G 87 HH-80 69 102-C Zueitina F-31 EEE-6 1 88 UU-80 70 ZAHRA B MABRUK 2 12 HATEIBA BAHI 89 VV-65 71 NC98-A 3 Suncor NC84A Total NC195 A 32 90 JJ-65 72 TUAMA Energy Suncor C Waha Wintershall Dea 6 Sirte ATTAHADI NC012 Waha Energy 17 91 (formerly 96) 91 UU-65 SAHL Oil 46 AMAL 5 Sirte Oil E F DAHRA W A1 NC013 Wintershall Dea AMAL-U B1 DAHRA E 6 SHEGHEGY 4 64 51E Agoco 65 FACHA ASSOUMOUD 7 44 67 13N 51W JOFRA 8 NC099 NC206 FATAH 9 Waha 66 68 48 AMAL- Agoco 43 HHH-6 Zalaf Oil TAGRIFT FARRUD Suncor 45 NAFOORA-AUGILA Y & Gas J-20 Um Farud 42 BU MRAS Agoco 50 (formerly 97) Energy Agoco 69 LP3C 49 ZENAD 102 70 NC209 107 SORRA A-C 13E 11 Suncor Wintershall RAGUBA 47 41 10 13 NC73 INTISARÉ 51 107Agoco NC98 Waha 40 39 Energy Dea 20 38 Agoco 52 14 15 11 ED DIB GATTAR 71 C103 T 73 Sirte Oil 13S Wintershall 53 12 NASSER 37 TOCRA D Zueitina 16 11-4L Dea NAKHLA 29 47 Agoco MA E BU ATTIFEL 78 E N NC171 (ZELTEN) NC74A L L UG H Agoco LATIF 11-4I Raleh SHATIRA RIMAL 72 74 75 77 HARAM 28 30 Zueitina 17 9 OMV L 18 36 ZAAUAM GIALO 76 79 NC98 Waha 27 109 33 Suncor NC171-C JEBEL 19 81 82 NC59 31 NC74B 100A Eni KOTLA Agoco 80 57 59C 55 59E Zueitina 20 0 NC149 Suncor Energy BU ALWAN Agoco TIBISTI 32 T-82 Waha KATIB Waha 54 R 21 83 108 Agoco 82 059C Sirte Oil DOR MANSOU 59 Waha 59 Waha 57 58 MM-82 26 34 35 WAHA N 56 59B 65 59F Khuff BEDA 059WC KHATT 84 85 86 Eni 22 0 59 Waha 100B NC131 Agoco Waha 059W Waha BALAT Sirte Waha 87 Eni WAHA S Oil 59 Waha 61 24 25 SABAH NC32B SAMAH 62 63 88 ABRAG 23 CHADAR FAREGH Waha 107 59 NC189 THEMAR NC74F-A Wintershall MESSLA DEFA TPAO 59A Waha 60 KHALIFA BEL HEDAN Dea 71A 107/80 65 Agoco NC74F 72 QQ-71 NC107-A Waha Agoco Zueitina Suncor P-71 UU1-71 Sirte Oil SARIR LNC32A Energy GG-71 Waha NC177 T 91 90 89 Suncor N SARIR N SARIR 0 Kilometres 100 Energy BARRUTÉ G-71 POWER SARIR I Sarir N,W PLANT AGOCO EN NAGAÉ 0 Miles 50 A 71 Waha

177

178

179

CHAD

N IGER

E SAT DEN

CON

11A Suncor

71 Waha

137

136

B

71 Waha

126

125

124

EGYPT

ALGERIA

NC175A Eni

95,96 Sonatrach 111 112

50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

183

193

194

187

197

Licensed block Oil field

203

202

201

Gas /condensate field Oil pipeline/s future?

Gas / condensate pipeline/s 205 future?

207

206

Oil refinery Gas processing plant Oil tanker terminal

208

LNG liquefaction plant and export terminal Kilometres Miles

2018 Production Proved reserves

C H AD 300

150

FPSO: floating production, storage and offloading

SU D AN © African Energy 2020 (www.africaenergy.com)

Oil

Gas

1.01m b/d

9.8bcm

48.4bn bbls

1.4tcm

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2019

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

65

m

3000m

4

Marsa Matruh

N UMBARAKA BLOCK B Shell

Alexandria

ALAMEIN BASIN

NW GINDI Edison SHEBI GHARD PetroShahd RANA

ABU - GH ARAD IG WADI BAS IN ELWRAYAN Petro Fay E BAHARIYA QPC

Siwa

Siwa Oasis

m

E LAGIA Vegas

Si nai

Beni Suef

GHARIBON, SOHBA Apache

LF

Ras Abu Bakr

R PE UP

E

1 Chevron

Hurghada Safaga

Sohag

3 Shell

S GA

P

Qena

El Quseir

LIN E

R

IP E

4

Luxor

E D

Armant El Kharga

A

Idfu EL BARAKA

6

W EL BARAKA

Gas pipeline/s future?

7

Aswan

Products pipeline/s future?

Baranis

S EL BARAKA IPR Energy, Mediterra

Oil refinery / future?

8

Gas processing plant / future?

Toshka Lakes

Shalateen

Lake Nasser

Oil tanker terminal LNG liquefaction plant and export terminal

Halaib Tr i a n g l e

LNG regasification plant and import terminal Bir Tawil

Kilometres

0

Miles

2018 Production Consumption Proved reserves

S UDA N

200 100

Oil

Gas

670,000 b/d

58.6bcm

760,000 b/d

59.6bcm

3.3bn bbls

2.1tcm

le

Ni

0

FPSO: floating production, storage and offloading FSRU: floating storage and regasification unit

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

African Energy Newsletter Keep up to date with news and analysis of market developments, project awards and political and governance issues. www.africa-energy.com/news-centre

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2019

66

BU N YA

Baris

Oil pipeline/s future?

N EL BARAKA IPR Energy, Mediterra

E

Gas/condensate field

S

El Kharga Oasis (The Great Oasis)

Oil field

Marsa Alam

TO

5

Licensed block

EL GELF EL KHABEER / OUINATT Ganope

2 Shell, Mubadala

PT GY

D e s e r t

Open block

Sanafir

Sharm El Sheikh

Zeit Bay

S WADI EL MAHAREETH Naftogaz

ile

Abu Minqar

Tiran

Z

Asyut

EL GHAZALYET RAK Gas

E a s t e r n D e s e r t N

Al-Farafra

N WADI EL MAHAREETH Naftogaz

Ras Shukheir

SAUDI ARABIA

E

T

Farafra Oasis

El Tur

U

E G Y P

see page 68

S

Ras Gharib

Minya

Aqaba

Taba

Wadi Feiran F

BENI SUEF BASIN

O

L I B Y A

E SINAI GPC

Ain Moussa

GHINDI BASIN

S ABU SENNAN Shell

W e s t e r n

Suez

QARUN Helwan N DARAG N LAGIA Burren HARUN Apache SUMED W Dahshur RAS SUDR AU T FAYOUM GPC BE ER Ain Sokhna KA R S ASL, RAS MATARMA SOCO W EL FAIYUM HK GE A FSRU Shell WARD SILAH BW SINGAPORE WADI EL RAYAN Kureimat Apache Faiyum Zafarana BENI Apache FPSO LAHUN N BENI SUEF SUEF Merlon Abu Rudeis TAREEF

Bahariya Oasis

WEST DAKHLA 1 Dana Petroleum

CAIRO

Giza

Bawiti

WEST DAKHLA 2 Dana Petroleum

Bitter Lakes

CORC ERC

JO RDAN

GU

Sitra Oasis

El Sadat City

Ismailia

P) (AG

Qarah

ession

ISRAEL

E LIN

a

Depr

Q

ra

ED M SU

Apache

a tt

El Arish

Suez Canal

RAAD, SADOT

E PIP AS

SE SIWA

IEOC (Eni) FAGHUR BASIN SIWA

Gaza

Port Said

Tanta

s ee p ag e 6 7

AMMAN

Dead Sea

G AB AR

SHUSHUN BASIN

Ameriya

El Hamra El Alamein

MATRUH BASIN

Ashkelon

MANGO

Nile Delta

Sidi Krir W KALABSHA Apache

N EL ARISH OFFSHORE Dana Gas

Damietta

Idku

West Bank E

3

A

BR UK

PALESTINE

N THEKAH OFFSHORE Edison

5

ARAB GAS PIPELIN

2

LF O F AQA B

TO

SY RIA

N PT FOUAD OFFSHORE Edison

N PC SO PC

TO

STAR ExxonMobil

DAMASCUS

10

1

1000m

ZOHR

APHRODITE (CYPRUS)

GU

2000 m

Petro Shorouk S E A (Eni-EGPC JV)

11

9

00m 20

100 0

M E D I T E R R A N E A N

3000

0m

AN

100 SHOROUK OFFSHORE IEOC (Eni)

LEB

2000m

ON

Egypt

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Halaib

Nile Delta, WesternSection Desert

Kilometres

0

Miles

60

STAR ExxonMobil

0m

M E D I T E R R A N E A N

20

0

0

30

N SIDI GABER OFFSHORE Shell, Petronas

Joint venture operating companies:

N EL FANAR Burullus: Shell Ð Petronas Ð EGPC OFFSHORE Disouco: Wintershall Dea Ð EGPC Shell, Petronas Mansoura Petroleum Co.: Petroceltic Ð EGPC MedGas, Nidoco: IEOC (Eni) Ð BP Ð EGPC Nipetco (North Idku Petroleum Co.): DEA Ð Egas Ð EGPC Nospco (North Sinai Petroleum Co.): Perenco Ð EGPC Petrobel (Belayim Petroleum Co.), PetroSaid: IEOC (Eni) Ð EGPC PetroTemsah: IEOC (Eni) Ð BP Ð EGPC PhPC (Pharaonic Petroleum Co.): BP Ð IEOC (Eni) Ð Egas Qantara Petroleum Co.: Melrose Resources Ð Egas Rashpetco (Rashid Petroleum Co.): Shell Ð Edison Ð EGPC Wasco (El Wastani Petroleum Co.): Dana Gas Ð Egas Ð EGPC SAURUS Wepco: Edison Ð EGPC

NE HAPY OFFSHORE Edison Offshore

NE EL AMRIYA N EL TABYA OFFSHORE OFFSHORE ExxonMobil BP

WEST DELTA SOLAR DEEP MARINE (WDDM) Burullus

SIENNA

SPARROW

TAALAB

E DELTA DEEP MARINE IEOC (Eni)

SILVA

SIMIAN SWAN

TENNIN

TERSA MINA SCARAB S E RP SIENNA TENNIN SAFFRON E N T UP W BALTIM SAPPHIRE MERET SAMA

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

ATOLL PhPC

MINA Burullus

SALAMAT BP

SALAMAT QATTAMEYA

NE

N PORT FOUAD OFFSHORE Edison

SHOROUK OFFSHORE IEOC (Eni)

S E A

TUART DENISE NW DENISE N PLIO-10 DENISE SETH SETH S KARAWAN MYAS

N THEKAH OFFSHORE Edison

10 11 12 13

ASFOUR ABU SEIF Semman ABU ZAKN, OCTOPUS 14 KERSH, BARRACUDA W 15 GAMBARI

1 0 00 m

N EL BURG OFFSHORE NE BP TUNA

BP Qatta

FAHD RINGA 1 2 3 PetroHAÕPY TUNA 4 TUNA W MEDITERRANEAN RUBY 3 AKHEN N EL BURG RAS EL BARR 5 DENISE DEEPWATER (WMD) 50 OFFSHORE NW W BALTIM 6 PhPC RUBY TEMSAH SETI PLIO 0m SETH OFFSHORE BALTIM BP WEST NILE DELTA (WND) 7 PhPC 8 ATEN E IEOC (Eni) ROSETTA DEVELOPMENT BP POLARIS N IDKU A TEMSAH JH 64 N EL BURG BALTIM Assad Barboni RAVEN Nipetco IDKU N2 SEGAN OFFSHORE SE Temsah R5 MedGas N GAMASA ABU BP BURULLUS IDKU N4 EL BURG PYTHON ZARAF WAKAR GIZA N OFFSHORE 9 10 11 NOUR Edison OFFSHORE OFFSHORE 0 0 DEKHILA SIR 12 Shell 14 N ALEXANDRIA 13 15 IEOC (Eni) NARDINE BP RAHAMAT BALTIM SW YAZZI NOTUS Shell KAROUS BALTIM S N PORT SAID Edison EL MAX 50 Karous PetroSaid Nouras FAYOUM N RAS EL ESH m NOOROS PICO Cheiron ABU MADI W TAO N ABU ABU QIR N 15 OFFSHORE EL BAHIG ANSHOUGA Nidoco QIR AQP Baltim BP HARMATTAN BURULLUS W EL MATARIYA Shell Darfeel PORT IDKU N1 SEGAS KAMOSE BP Petrobel FAOUD ABU QIR EL QARA IDKU N3 Lake EL KING MARINE AQP Nidoco Wasco Burullus W Damietta N IDKU B THEKAH N Petrobel ABU MADI W 4 Edison ABU MED. W HARBOUR ABU COND. THEKAH Rosetta KHILALA NW C) QIR N SINAI SERIDIA UGDC NATURAL GAS MADI EL WASTANI E 5 AMYRIA DISOUQ (AP 0m LUZI C EX DERIVATIVES COMPLEX OFFSHORE C Disouco BUSSEILI Idku P KHILALA O R M 6 N NW Nospco W EL MANZALA EL GAMIL BALSAM TINEH AM AN EL E DAMANHUR SIDI 3 1 Wasco Wasco KHILALA W Nidoco ELNG Wintershall GHAZYÉ Mansoura 8 7 Lake ABU EL 13 Abu Qir 2 Dea SIDI SALEM 9 NAGA S Manzala S KHILALA S SE Halawa S IDKU Wasco Port Fouad 14 10 Mansoura SONDOS El DISOUQ Edison Wasco 23 UNDER 500 m 15 Delta E W SHERBEAN Matariya N Mansoura CONSTRUCTION GELGEL Disouq 11 BP/IEOC (Eni) E 22 W W EL QANTARA FUTURE? MANSOURIYA EL TAYLFAH Wasco DIKIRNISÉ 20 El Fayrouz 21 12 TULIP 50m BATRA S INTE RSIN SALMA Sidi Krir AI 16 Damanhur DELTA D. El Qantara 11 EL MANSOURA Ameriya N Qantara Pet. CO EL MANSOURA S Onshore 12 MIT DAFIR Suez SAMA IRIS 17 EL TAMAD 1 FARASKUR, 13 ABU KHADRA NW Canal CORC Aga 19 Tummay Wasco C R Mansoura FARASKUR S C 18 R O SAMA El AP MID WDG Mansoura 14 Belka S 2 MANZALA W AL-RAWDAH Qantara 3 SHARBAS 15 Abu Arida DAMAS Rawdah 16 SALAKA 4 El Panseiya DISOUQ DAMAS S 17 AL-ARAB 5 DABAYAA S 18 AGA, SHINFAS 6 AZHAR Faqus S DISOUQ 19 TURBAY 7 EL BASANT Zifta Sea Dragon 20 Gelgel 8 ALLIUM 1 MUNTAGA 24 JASMIN E, (SDX Energy) 9 ABU ZAHRA NE 21 ABU MONKAR 2 SAFIR LOTUS N Mansoura 22 SHERBEAN 3 NADER 25 LOTUS 10 ZARQA S 23 BEGONIA Shebeen El Kom 4 SHROUK 26 MELEIHA SE 5 YASSER, 27 KARNAK © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com) Abandoned fields or where production has ceased are shown in upper and lower case ZAHRA 28 HERENUFER 6 ZAHRA N 29 SULTAN N UMBARKA 7 KENZ 30 CHELSEA, II26 0m 8 SALAM 31 BRAVO, Shell 10 0 9 TUT W IMHOTEP S m 10 Qamar 32 IMHOTEP 200 Marsa 11 AMOUN 33 ALPHA (oil) NE OBAIYED Matruh 12 FALAK W TANGO (gas) Shell 13 ZAHRA N, NE 34 HADF RAS KANAYES W OBEIYED 14 NADA 35 MIHOS N MATRUH Khalda Opetco Shell 15 MELEIHA SW, 36 KARANIS JC17 NADA NE 37 LIMONITE E OBAIYED IEOC (Eni) 16 EMRY 38 ALEXANDRITE RK3 Sidi Musa N MARAKIA 42 17 FALAK 39 ALEX. N AMBER MATRUH OBAIYED N UMBARKA ExxonMobil RK2 41 18 DORRA 40 PRINCE Khalda 39 RK4 Shell FLANDERS 40 19 ARCADIA 41 TAREK N El Daba SW Sidi Krir Khalda EMERALD 37 38 SHUSHUN C FARAMID 20 BOSTAN 42 AZURITE S MAGGIE Ras El Hekma Apache 21 AMAN SW KHALDA ADAM 36 UMBARKA El Hamra C B1 JADE FALCON MATRUHOFF. NEW N 22 AMAN TAREK Khalda CYGNUS Khalda NW RAZZAK SIDI RAHMAN NAKHAW 23 JASMIN (gas) HYDRA Khalda SAMAA 35 Akik, MAS G Marina Petroleum MELEIHA NE (oil) NW FEREIHA Apache B ISIS 19 MELEIHA 20 34 33 32 TOPAZ KHALDA SHAMS 11 Khalda KAHRAMAN KHALDA OFFSET 18 21 Agiba MARINA K 31 KANAYES WÉ OFFSET El Alamein I ATOUN NEW W Khalda UMBARKA KHALDA 10 22 23 28 Tanzanite 12 17 S E NEW E N Alamein 30 BURG EL ARAB N & S NAKHAW 16 MELEIHA DRAZIA 24 Khalda M 29 TUT W KANAYES Burapetco S UMBARKA HATHOR DEEP KHALDA 9 14 25 Khalda T Apache Khalda Empedco 26 Khalda 15 SALAM BURG EL ARAB N Selkit KHEPRI X 27 N 8 SYRAH 13 AL. RENPET YIDMAOZORIS 7 6 NW BARDY Development J NE BURG EL ARAB W RAZZAK S RAZZAK BERENICE PTAH SETHOS areas: Khalda GAWAHER N ALAMEIN HAYAT 5 Agiba Khalda QASR HORUS NYMARA SHU YIDMA El Hamra 1 2 4 E BAHARIYA EXT. III ZAIN RIZK E SANABEL N GHAZALAT PHIOPS E QPC UNAS N KALAB.W TARFA 3 HBSI Kalabsha TOWER RIZK E W RAZZAKÉ ALAMEIN RIZK Marina Petroleum BUCHIS Khalda KHALDA OFFSET E KANAYES SE MELEIHA N RAS Neith NEW S Khalda IEOC (Eni) W AGHARÉ Apex QATTARA FAG. N WAQL NEILOS QATTARA RIM BORAQ Apache RAS NARMER ZARIF SE HORUS QATTARA N SW MELEIHA HEQET KHALDA Shell FAGHUR OFFSET IEOC (Eni) D NEW W RAS QATTARA SE SIWA Khalda L Agiba GHAZALAT IEOC (Eni) R W KALAB. S HBSI SW ALAMEIN SIWA GHAZALAT, HBSI Apache SE SIWA PetroSafwa RAML N IEOC (Eni) E BAHARIYA EXT. III EL FARAS W ABU GHARADIG QPC SAFWA Rampetco TransGlobe Vegas NE ABU GHARADIQ E RAS QATTARA DIAA E BADR EL DIN AN Tipetco A PetroShahd B MOHR Khalda DS9 JG GHAZALAT DA HBSI RAML SW RAML N GHAZALAT Exploration licence SHAHD HBSI BED17 BED12 DS3 N ALAM JD-T DS2 WD 9 Bapetco GHAZALAT N FARAS SE DS1 E BED Khalda EL SHAWISH NE ABU DS4 SHAHD SE Dapetco SHEIBA Development licence BED16 SW ALAMN. Tipetco Bapetco S DABAA GHARADIG Shell Tipetco S DABAA Bed4 HBSI Tipetco Dapetco Bapetco Dapetco BED9 NAG NEAG Bapetco Shell E BAHARIYA BED15,18 BADR EL DIN 2 NE ABU Oil field BADR EL DIN 1 HALLIF EXT. III Dapetco GHARADIG C1 Bapetco HBSI BADR EL DIN 3 DS7 BED3 QPC AL-FADL AL-QADR W Sitra1,3 Tipetco BW ALGas/condensate field 33-6 Sit5,8 YOMNA WADI N GHAZALAT Joint venture operating companies: ASSIL AL-KARAM ABU GHARADIG QPC Sit1,3 HBSI SITRA GPZZ Agiba: IEOC (Eni) Ð Mitsui Ð EGPC 6 AL-BARQ 1 Sipetco SITRA E 5 EL 33-7 Oil pipeline/s Oapco Bapetco (Badr el Din Petroleum Co.): Shell Egypt Ð EGPC E3 E BAHARIYA W AL-MAGD W ALAM EL SHAWISH WD 33 WD 30 4 GPY A SALMIYA Apache PetroAlam Burapetco (Burg Al-Arab Petroleum Co.): Kuwait Energy Ð EGPC L-AHMADI future? RAWDA E5 HG Khalda Khalda C86 7 Dapetco (South Dabaa Petroleum Co.): HBSI Ð EGPC 2 3 Norpetco E1 Sipetco BAHGA ABU SENNAN 33-15 8 GPT Dipetco (Diyur Petroleum Co.): Apache Ð EGPC W QARUN AQSA RIVIERA ABU SENNAN Gas pipeline/s E ABU SENNAN NAJM EHO (El Hamra Oil): IPR Transoil Ð EGPC 9 GPT SW 16 QPC Kuwait Energy 18 E6 W BADR EL DIN Tharwa 15 KARAMA QPC HEBA SENNAN S Khalda: Apache Ð EGPC H future? Apex 17 10 1112 14 Marina Petroleum: INA Ð EGPC E2 S ABU SENNAN RAHMA S ALAM EL QPC E ALAM EL EL DIYUR 13 Norpetco (North Bahariya Petroleum Co.): Sahara Oil & Gas Ð EGPC Products pipeline/s Shell SHAWISH SAMRA BASHA SHAWISH Opetco: Shell Egypt Ð EGPC BARAKA NE Apache PetroSannan ABU SENNAN W EL FAIYUM Owapco (El Waha Petroleum Co.): Sahara Ð EGPC future? GPC EL Shell PetroAlam: Shell Egypt Ð Engie Ð Vegas Oil & Gas EL DIYUR SW EL DIYUR N DIYUR 1 PACIFIC, PetroSafwa: Vegas Oil & Gas Ð TransGlobe Ð EGPC Dipetco Oil refinery Dipetco MEGHAR 7 FERDAUS Norpetco 13 YAMAMA S PetroSannan: NaftoGas Ð EGPC 2 SPYGLASS 8 GANNA, RAYAN Norpetco 14 FARASHA PetroShahd: Sipetrol Ð EGPC Gas processing plant 3 OLYMPIC 9 ABRAR Norpetco 15 FARASHA NW QPC (Qarun Petroleum Co.): Apache Ð EGPC 0 Kilometres 60 4 SHADOW 10 ZEINA QPC 16 AMANA Rampetco (Rami Petroleum Co.): IEOC (Eni) Ð EGPC 5 HAWK 11 SHAKRA NE Apache 17 RABOWA Oil tanker terminal Sipetco (Sitra Petroleum Co.): Shell Egypt Ð EGPC QPC 6 NEAMA 12 YAMAMA 18 MISAADA Tipetco (Tiba Petroleum Co.): Shell Egypt Ð EGPC 0 Miles 30

TAURUS

LIBRA SEQUOIA ROSETTA NE

ROSETTA W Rashpetco TAURUS Rashpetco PLEM DEEP ROSETTA SW R4 R3 Rashpetco N ALEXANDRIA

RASHID N

SATIS

N EL HAMMAD OFFSHORE IEOC (Eni)

SALMON

BALTIM N

CO ND EN S

AT

m

E

HODOA

10

0

COND.

CON

COND.

Port Said

D.

Alexandria

Ni

e os (R le

B tta

El Mahalla El Kubra

El Mansoura

ch) ran

Zagazig

N ile

ED M SU

etta (Dami) Branch

Tanta

N

O

M ED ITERRAN EAN

R

T

H

E

R

S EA

N

E G Y P T

B A S I N

ALAMEIN BASIN

MATRUH BASIN

A

W Ap KA ac LA he B SH

Ismailia

SHUSHUN BASIN

T

A

Q

A

T

A

R

E

D

P

R

E

S

S

I

O

N

QATTARA RIDGE

KATTANIYA-

A

B

U

- G H A R A D I G

QANTARA

B A S I N

HIGH

LNG liquefaction plant and export terminal

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

67

Gulf of Suez

TO SUEZ

LAGIA

LAGIA PetroSinai

Joint venture operating companies:

Agiba: IEOC (Eni) Ð Mitsui Ð EGPC Amapetco (Amal Petroleum Company): PICO Cheiron Ð EGPC Ashpetco: IEOC (Eni) Ð EGPC BayPetco: Tri-Ocean Energy (Egypt Kuwait Holding) Ð EGPC Deoco (Deminex Egypt Oil Company): Wintershall Dea Ð EGPC Ekma: Dragon Oil (ENOC) Ð EGPC Eshpetco: Lukoil Ð EGPC Fanpetco (Al-Fanar Petroleum Company): IPR Ð EGPC Gempetco (Gemsa Petroleum Company): PICO Cheiron - EGPC Gupco (Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company): Dragon Oil (ENOC) Ð EGPC Magapetco (Magawish Petroleum Company): Trident Petroleum Ð EGPC Nopco (N October Petroleum Company): Dragon Oil (ENOC) Ð EGPC PetroAmir: SDX Energy Ð ZhenHua Oil Ð EGPC Petrobel (Belayim Petroleum Company): IEOC (Eni) Ð EGPC PetroDara: TransGlobe Ð EGPC Petrogulf: PICO Cheiron Ð Kufpec Ð EGPC PetroKareem: Dana Petroleum Ð EGPC PetroNefertiti: Dana Petroleum Ð EGPC PetroSinai: Mena Hydrocarbons Ð EGPC PetroZeit: Vega Petroleum Ð EGPC Rudoco (Rudeis Oil Company): Dragon Oil (ENOC) Ð EGPC Sroco (S Ramadan Oil Company): PICO Cheiron Ð EGPC Suco (Suez Oil Company): Wintershall DEA Ð EGPC Waspetco (Wadi el Sahl Petroleum Company): Masawa Ð Ganope Zafco (Zafarana Oil Company): PICO Cheiron Ð EGPC Zeitco (E Zeit Petroleum Company): Dana Petroleum Ð EGPC

N LAGIA Burren

ZAFARANA Zafco ZAFARANA FPSO ALZAFARANA

Zafarana Abu Zeneima

TO KUREIMAT

S ABU ZENEIMA National Petroleum Co. (NPC) E TANKA-A

E TANKA 3 Gupco

G

SABIL

N OCTOBER Nopco OCTOBER NW NO159 GS172

MERGED AREA Gupco

NO183

N AMER GPC

GS184

L

F NEW LAW N AMER GPC N AMER GPC E ARTA PetroDara

ARTA

PetroDara

shia N Ho

E HOSHIA

BELAYIM 2 Petrobel

BELAYIM MARINE

NPC

Wadi Feiran BELAYIM 1 Petrobel

S i n a i

BELAYIM 3 Petrobel

Belayim BELAYIM LAND

BELAYIM 5 Ekma BELAYIM 9 Petrobel Petrobel BELAYIM 4 BELAYIM BAY S BELAYIM Petrobel BELAYIM 8 Petrobel Petrobel

BAKRRas

Abu Bakr EL HAMD

O

HOSHIA

AMER BAKR GPC GPC AMER

ABU RUDEIS, SIDRI BELAYIM 7 Petrobel

S OCTOBER PetroNefertiti FEIRAN NEFERTITI

BELAYIM 10 Petrobel

HH83

BELAYIM 6 Petrobel ABU RUDEIS MARINE

Abu Rudeis E TANKA Gupco

GG83

ISSRAN GPC S RAHMI

E RAS BUDRAN-A SE ABU ZENEIMA Petrobel

OCTOBER

W ISSRAN

Ras Rahmi

Ras Budran

AZ ARM W

MUZHIL

FF83

W AMER General Petroleum Co. (GPC) ISSRAN

NW GHARIB TransGlobe Energy

GS173

U

NW OCTOBER EGPC

RAS BUDRAN Suco

GS160

E GHARIB

S BELAYIM Ekma

F

N RAS FANAR PetroZAINA C GPC Gupco Dara H SB276 G W GULF Deoco PetroDara Trans- W GHARIB G GS277 GHARIB Ras Fanar Globe W HOSHIA GPC Petro- GPC Dara NE RAMADAN RAS W BAKRÉ GPC HANA, GHARIB Dragon Oil (ENOC) K W GHARIB H Fanpetco Ras GPC Trans- HANA W MESEDA W AMER Globe Gharib N RAMADAN SDX/Dublin General M FADL N JULY SB294 Rudoco International Petroleum Co. Petroleum SG300 GS301

TO ASYUT

SB296-306

SB305 E MORGAN SB293 RAMADAN UMM EL YUSR JULY Gupco GS306 KAREEM GPC LL87 2 GPC SG310 MERGED Sroco BADRI Ayun El Tur AREA S RAMADAN E BADRI S GHARIB Gupco GPC EDFU KAREEM E SHUKHEIR Rudoco LL87 1 Dragon Gupco Gupco ESMA 1 UMM EL YUSR ESMA 3 GPC GS327 Gibeil EBGDCo W MORGAN MORGAN E M O R GAN Dragon Oil Kheir MERGED Ekma Shukheir Bay SHUKHEIR NW AREA NESSIM EGPC SB339 W AHMAD SAQQARA Gupco

(GPC)

S

SHUKHEIR

Ras Shukheir

GS345 GAMMA SHUKHEIR MARINE

U

SHUKHEIR ONSHORE GPC

GS346

YOUNIS

AMAL

E

Amapetco EGPC SB367 GHARA 2 E KHAIR WALY NW EL AMAL EGPC Petrobel OFFSHORE WADI DARA Neptune Energy SINAI Nopco GPC Petzed Ras Ghara Ras Ghara E GEBEL GS365, Marine W GEBEL PetroEL ZEIT GS373 SB374 GHARA 1 Kareem EL ZEIT N SHADWAN NS377 Vega Petrobel GEYAD EGPC GH376 CALUMN Petroleum SIDKI EGPC NS385 ABYDOS N MATR S GHARA OMAR PetroZeit GS381 Torsina (Gupco) Gupco RAS E MATR AL-AMIR NW GEMSA W LORCAN EL USH PetroAmir ASHRAFI Zeitco W GEMSA EGPC E ZEIT AL-AMIR SE GAZWARINA SE RAS SHOAB EL USH FIN ALI Zarubezhneft HILAL BURTOCAL E GEBEL EL ZEIT S GHARA S GHARA Zarubezhneft PetroTorsina (Gupco) Torsina (Gupco) Kareem Zeit Bay ASHRAFI E ZEIT BAY W GEBEL EL ZEIT Dragon Oil BayPetco Ashpetco GEBEL EL ZEIT ASHRAFI SW ZEIT BAY, RAS EL BAHAR ZEIT BAY Geisum I. GH452 RAS EL BAHAR Deoco GEISUM GPC GH451

E a s t e r n D e s e r t

Gempetco

N MAGAWISH PICO Cheiron GEMSA SE SW GEBEL IPR EL ZEIT

Exploration licence

NE ESH EL MELLAHA Anwar El Akkad Sons

Development licence

Gas/condensate field

ESH EL EELESH MELLAHA MALLAHA Magapetco

Oil pipeline/s future?

GPC

Ras Mohammad m

Tawila I.

Shadwan I.

NW SEABIRD Trident Petroleum

El Gouna

Gas pipeline/s future?

m

10 0 0

Gubal I.

TAWILA W

Oil field

SEABIRD

R E D S E A

Oil refinery Gas processing plant Oil tanker terminal

68

GEISUM & TAWILA W Petrogulf

00

2

Gemsa

S WADI EL MAHAREETH Naftogaz

Sharm El Sheikh

Z

N WADI EL MAHAREETH Naftogaz

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

40 20

NW TANAN HURGHADA W ESH EL MELLAHA Eshpetco Lukoil (WEEM) 2 MALAK W ESH Aminex Hurghada S MALAK EL MALLAHA (WEEM) 1 GPC

WADI EL SAHL S HURGHADA Waspetco

Abandoned fields or where production has ceased are shown in upper and lower case FPSO: floating production, storage and offloading © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Sub-Saharan Africa

African states compete for investment as IOCs look to low-carbon future Upstream oil companies are reviewing opportunities in a rapidly changing industry, where a low oil price and the need to meet carbon targets mean some projects could be pushed back or suspended altogether

T

he energy transition poses challenges for sub-Saharan Africa’s upstream exploration sector as IOCs seek out lower-cost, lower-carbon opportunities. Before the latest price crash, some governments had started to realise the importance of offering competitive commercial terms to attract investment, as the promise of new megafinds offshore South America lured companies away from Africa to pursue similar geology on the other side of the Atlantic. Now, changing market dynamics mean some of Africa’s oil reserves may remain in the ground as companies walk away from uneconomic discoveries.

Many companies’ finances are in much better shape thanks to actions taken following the last price collapse, but some will struggle to absorb any sustained oil price weakness through the balance sheet. East Africa’s grand ambitions for a pipeline network pumping crude to the coast from fields in Uganda, Kenya and South Sudan look increasingly remote.While Total has reached a deal to buy Tullow Oil’s Uganda assets, the two companies have both put their Kenya assets up for sale, raising the question of who can be persuaded to develop them if not these two Africa specialists. Chinese and Indian companies active in South Sudan have shown little appetite for expansion. CNOOC is a partner in Uganda’s stalled project, where disagreement over tax terms has held up development of the Lake Albert oil fields and an export pipeline to Tanzania, but the Chinese company already pulled out of Kenya after finding non-commercial gas in Block 9. Long an African exploration trailblazer,Tullow has been obliged to sharply scale back its activities, hampered by lower-thanexpected Ghana production, delays in East Africa and a significant debt overhang.

Mozambique focus Following its purchase of Anadarko’s African assets,Total is now focused on leading the development of the Mozambique LNG scheme, which is moving ahead despite concerns about the threat from an Islamist insurgency in the northern Cabo Delgado province. The Total-led project, which reached a final investment decision (FID) in June 2019, will develop gas from the Golfinho and Atum fields in Area 1 to supply an initial two-train, 12.9m t/yr liquefaction plant to be built by a consortium of Saipem, McDermott International and Chiyoda Corporation. Area 1 contains more than 60tcf of gas resources, of which 18tcf will

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

be developed with the first two trains. Almost 90% of the production is already sold through long-term contracts with LNG buyers in Asia and Europe, and the project also has a domestic supply component. The first gas from the Rovuma Basin will be produced by Eni from the 3.4m t/yr Coral South floating LNG scheme, which is due to start up in 2022.This will be followed by development of a second onshore plant at the Afungi site in northern Mozambique, processing gas from the Mamba fields. JGC, TechnipFMC and Fluor have been awarded a contract to build the 15.2m t/yr plant, but FID, which had been expected in 2020, has been pushed back for the onshore project to be led by ExxonMobil. Offshore gas development is less advanced in Tanzania, where the government and IOCs have yet to negotiate a host government agreement for their planned LNG scheme. The situation has been further complicated by a review of production-sharing agreement terms launched in 2019. President John Magufuli is keen to maximise government revenues and the use of gas for domestic offtake, while IOCs are seeking the terms they need to make Tanzanian LNG more competitive with rival supply from Mozambique and further afield and to put the project’s finances on a stable footing.

Reform moves Eager to modernise and diversify the economy after years of drift in the latter stages of the dos Santos presidency, Angola aims to offer more than 50 blocks for licensing by the end of 2025. New laws passed in 2018 created a framework for monetising gas and for developing smaller fields. And while an initial licensing round in 2019 attracted only limited interest, the new sector regulator, the Agência Nacional de Petróleo, Gás e Biocombustíveis, has indicated it is open to industry feedback. Angola’s economy will be particularly hard hit by the combination of a lower oil price and a drop in demand from its main Chinese export market. Nigeria, Africa’s biggest oil producer, is less dependent on exports to China, though it will be affected by the lower oil price. The International Monetary Fund cut its 2020 gross domestic product growth forecast from 2.5% to 2% because of a fall in oil prices triggered by the coronavirus pandemic. While opportunities exist for smaller companies to pick up assets being sold off by the majors, Nigeria is still promising long-awaited sector reforms. Changes to the offshore oil royalty

69

Sub-Saharan Africa

system passed in October 2019 overhauled legislation dating back to the early 1990s, when the military government of the time offered attractive tax terms in an effort to open up new deep-water production. Finally bringing in regulatory certainty after two decades of wrangling over the Petroleum Industry Bill is becoming more and more urgent as existing upstream block leases start to expire from 2023. Newcomer Senegal is hoping to attract new players in its 2020 licensing round as the Sangomar oil development and the Greater Tortue Ahmeyim LNG scheme on the border with Mauritania get under way. Operator Woodside Energy is targeting first oil in early 2023 from Sangomar, which reached FID in January 2020. Japan’s Modec is supplying a FPSO with an oil processing capacity of 100,000 b/d. BP has agreed to buy all the LNG produced from the first phase of its Greater Tortue development with Kosmos Energy, which is aiming for first gas in H1 2022. The partnership is evaluating potential expansion up to 10m t/yr in subsequent phases and could develop two additional production hubs at Yakaar-Teranga in Senegal and in the Bir Allah/Orca area in southern Mauritania. Senegal’s government passed a revised petroleum law in 2019 updating the terms of the 1998 law, which was drawn up at a time of very low world oil prices when Senegal had yet to find hydrocarbons, and the authorities are hoping to put aside the continued controversy over the role of businessman Frank Timis and presidential brother Aliou Sall in Senegal’s oil and gas industry. Further south, Kosmos has taken two deep-water blocks offshore Republic of Congo as part of a longer-term exploration strategy off the West African coast, which also encompasses Côte d’Ivoire and São Tomé and Príncipe. Equatorial Guinea has ambitions to replace dwindling oil output with a new role as a regional gas aggregator. The government is partnering with Vitol for the Gas Megahub project, which aims to gather gas from Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon and potentially further afield to supply the EGLNG plant at Punta Europa and export LNG to countries in the West African region. The plant was built to supply the US, which now produces its own gas, and is seeking new markets, as well as new sources of supply as the Alba field declines. Development of Noble Energy’s Alen gas field to supply the EGLNG plant received project sanction in April 2019. The Fortuna field, which was awarded to Lukoil following the 2019 licensing round, is also now expected to supply the Punta Europa plant after Ophir Energy failed to secure financing for a floating LNG development. Some of Cameroon’s hitherto stranded gas could be handled through Punta Europa under Malabo’s Megahub scheme, while gas from the Kribi fields is already being exported via a floating LNG project that started production in March 2018. Upstream operator Perenco has been considering a drilling

70

MAJOR SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA OIL AND GAS PRODUCERS, 2000 Ð18 Million tonnes / million tonnes oil equivalent (mtoe) 125

Nigeria oil 100

75

Angola oil

50

Equatorial Guinea oil

Nigeria gas

25

0

Republic of Congo oil

Sudan oil Gabon oil 2000 01

02

03

04

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2019

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

12

South Sudan oil

13

14

15

16

17

18

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

campaign in the Kribi area to prove up more reserves during 2020. FLNG Hilli Episeyo is so far using only two of the vessel’s four trains.

Southern Africa ambitions Total has high hopes for South Africa after making the Brulpadda gas condensate discovery in early 2019.The company plans to drill up to three follow-up exploration wells in the deep-water Outeniqua Basin, but the development challenges are formidable. Brulpadda lies far out in the Southern Ocean, 175km offshore, in a water depth of 1,400 metres, in an area of strong currents and challenging sea conditions. The South Africa government has moved to end long-running regulatory uncertainty in the upstream oil and gas sector with the publication in December 2019 of the draft Upstream Petroleum Resources Development Bill, which immediately attracted criticism for its generous provision of a 20% carried interest for the state in upstream projects, plus a minimum 10% black-owned interest. The previous legislation in the Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act Amendment Bill had been stuck in the approvals process for some years, but Total’s Brulpadda discovery on Block 11B/12B has acted as a catalyst in encouraging the government to deliver the new legislation. Namibia is also hoping for a revival of its exploration fortunes with high-impact wells planned by Total and Shell in the southern Orange Basin. Kosmos Energy is a partner with Shell in Namibia’s PEL 39 and across the border with OK Energy in South Africa’s Northern Cape Ultra-Deep Block, while up in the north, ExxonMobil has a significant position in the Namibe Basin straddling the border with Angola. Meanwhile, BW Offshore continues to discuss options for development of the Kudu gas field, which was discovered in 1974 by Chevron and has been through numerous operators since then.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Mauritania, Senegal, The Gambia

150

Western Sahara

(under UN mandate) 1000

m

3 000 m

100

C-21

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

300

ALGERIA

150

CLOSED

Bir Moghrein

Western Sa h a ra

Nouadhibou

Lagouira

C-19 Shell

C-22 ExxonMobil

C-24

0m

Miles

20

Kilometres

0

00m 20

0

TA-46

(under UN mandate)

C-23

TA-45 TA-41

C-18 Total

C-7 Total

C-17 ExxonMobil

Nouamghar C-26

FRƒGATE

PELICAN CORMORAN C-6 Kosmos, BP*

C-9 Total

N O U A KC H O T T RIV E R RE S E RVO IR SYSTEM C-13 Kosmos, BP*

C-24

Nouadhibou C-25 C-26 C-11

SOLOO BAMBO JOBO MALO

TA-14

TA-16

TA-13

TA-17

TA-18

Kiffa

TA-24

TA-22

C-5

Licensed block

Oil tanker terminal

Prospect

LNG liquefaction plant and export terminal Abandoned fields or where production has ceased are shown in upper and lower case FLNG: floating liquefied natural gas FPSO: floating production, storage and offloading

Gas pipeline

C-4

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Oil refinery

Oil field C-3

TA-26

FLNG?

C-1

Rosso

St-Louis

1 2

A1 BP

Dahra

SŽlibaby

DIOURBEL

Tivaouane

Touba

S ENEGAL

Diourbel

Bargny

Mbour

Kaolack

A2 A3 FAR

4

LOWER RIVER

Gambia

BANJUL

Tambacounda

UPPER RIVER

Farafenni Basse Santa Su

Brikama

VŽlingara

SENEGAL ONSHORE SUD

SENEGAL OFFSHORE SUD (SOSS)

Kolda Gam C a sa ma nc e

0m 20 m 0 00 m 00 20 0m

300

m 4000

1

* Kosmos exploration operator, BP development operator ** Rufisque Offshore, Sangomar Offshore & Sangomar Deep ** Offshore (RSSD) joint venture comprising Woodside (operator) Ð ** Capricorn Senegal (a subsidiary of Cairn Energy) Ð FAR Ð Petrosen

Kaffrine

THE GAMBIA

3

Ferlo

SƒBIKHOTANE

This

A5 FAR A6

A4

Matam

Louga

DIAM NIADIO E

FUTURE?

BoguŽ

S Žn Žg al SENEGAL EAST

KaŽdi

GADIAGA

DAKAR

Richard Toll

LOUGA

FAUCON

Cap des Biches

TA-19

NŽma

MALI

Gas field C-2

TA-20

MARSOUIN FUTURE

SENEGAL OFFSHORE SUD PROFOND (SOSP)

ULTRA DEEP PROFOND SUD 1

TA-15

TA-21

SENEGAL

Open block

RUFISQUE OFFSHORE SALOUM Woodside** DJIFFéRE OFF. TAOL: Trace SANGOMAR FAN Atlantic Oil OFF. PROFOND SANGOMAR Woodside** OFFSHORE FUTURE Woodside** FPSO FAN S SANGOMAR

1 2 3 4

TA-3

TA-23

TA-25

KaŽdi

Banda TEVET

Chinguetti

SAR

ULTRA DEEP PROFOND NORD 6

TA-26 TA-27

C-4

Rosso

NOUAKCHOTT

BP ST-LOUIS ULTRA DEEP ULTRA DEEP REQUIN ST-LOUIS OFF. TIGRE PROFOND PROFOND PROFOND (SLOP) OFFSHORE Oranto NORD 2 NORD 1 Kosmos, BP* SLOP2 NORTH ULTRA DEEP OFFSHORE Total CAYAR CAYAR OFFSHORE ULTRA DEEP PROFOND OFFSHORE PROFOND (COP) NORD 3 Kosmos, BP* TERANGA Oranto DIENDER Fortesa FUTURE FLNG? YAKAAR COP2

ULTRA DEEP PROFOND NORD 5

TA-12

Tiof

GREATER BIRALLAHORCA

RUFISQUE OFFSHORE PROFOND (ROP) Total

TA-33

TA-4

C-5

FUTURE FLNG GIMI GREATER TORTUE AHMEYIM (GTA) IBIS

ULTRA DEEP PROFOND NORD 4

TA-10

MA URITANIA TA-28 TA-11 TA-2

TA-32

C-27

TA-5

TA-6

NOUAKCHOTT

TAPENDAR

S E N E GA L RIV E R RE S E RVO IR SYSTEM

TA-47

TA-42 TA43

TA-7

TA34 TA-9

MALI

TA-44

TA-29

TA-39

TA-38 TA-8

TA-1 Atar Sipex (Sonatrach)

C-10 Kosmos, Shell BP*

C-8 A T L A N T I C Kosmos, BP* O C E A N HIPPOCAMPE

ULTRA DEEP PROFOND SUD 2

TA-36

C-11

M AURITANIA C-12

C-30

C-31 Total

C-14 ExxonMobil

C-3

TA-40

TA-37

LAMANTIN

C-16

C-15 Total

AT L A N T I C

C-20

OC EAN

Zouerate

SŽdhiou

b ie

KŽdougou

Ziguinchor

GUINEA-BISSAU

GUINEA

African Energy Newsletter Keep up to date with what is happening across the continent, including news and analysis of market developments, project awards and the political and governance issues that impact on the business environment. www.africa-energy.com/news-centre

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

71

TG Senergy (Tender Oil & Gas)

sau Bis

lor

au iss -B ea

p Ex

? RE TU 1 FU

SINAPA Svenska

2 SINAPA 3 Svenska

CORVINA Atlantic Pet. Guinea-Bissau (TAOL)

B5

C5

B4

Prospect / Well

Licensed block

Miles

0

100

177

189

178

166

153

152 165

138

137

123

106

88

69

D3

C3

B2

E4

199

190

179

167

154

139

124

107

89

70

51

C2 Total

B1

E3

200

191

180

168

155

140

125

108

90

52 71

D2

C1

E2

201

192

181

169

156

141

126

109

91

53 72

D1

FUTURE?

BokŽ

202

193

182

170

157

142

127

110

92

73

54

G1

207 208

36

F3

F2

E1

37

F1

2 Simba Essel Energy

Kamsar

FUTURE?

1 Simba Essel Energy

Xa

Fria

II

212

209

203

194

183

171

158

143

128

111

93

74

55

38

24

VII

III

IV

XII

X

Kindia

VIII

39

25

213

210

204

195

184

172

159

144

129

112

94

75

56

Pepel Rokel

Lunsar

LabŽ

211

205

196

185

173

160

145

130

113

95

76 96

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

116

Bonthe 117

Bo

198

187

175

i

li Se

Kabala

19

13

1

135

21

20

14

8

1 2

9 CARMINE DEEP-1 10 TIMBO-1 11 IROKO-1 12 CESTOS-1 13 S3-1 14 BEE EATER-1 15 NARINA-1 16 APALIS-1

18

188

176

Kenema

12 7

148 149 JUPITER MERCURY 164 162 163

147

SAVANNAH 132 133 134 VENUS

115

97

S1-1 A1-1 MONTSERRADO-1 A2-1 IIB-1 MESURADO-1 GOSHTERN-1 H2-1

206

197

186

174

161

146

131

114

Sherbro I.

mb

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3

2

23

22

15

3

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10

24

16

10

8 9 7

4 9

5

6

4

11

12 13 14 15 16

17

11

5

Buchanan

FUTURE?

MONROVIA

Ganta

NzŽrŽkorŽ

Gbarnga

29

6

HA

Sa n

RP

30

31

ER

26

Greenville 25

32

BAS

33

IN

28

Harper

00

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00

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0

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20

10

CïTE DÕ I V O I R E

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Niger

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27

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KŽrouanŽ

Kankan

Siguiri

Macenta

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St

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Voinjama

GuŽckŽdou

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Tubmanburg

Pendembu

KoiduSefadu

Tinkisso

Kissidougou

Faranah

G U I N ErA

Ga

SI ER R A LEONE

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V

FREETOWN 57

40

26

CONAKRY

ManŽah

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© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com) * Agence de Gestion et de CoopŽration entre la GuinŽe-Bissau et le SŽnŽgal

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LNG regasification plant and import terminal

Oil tanker terminal

Oil refinery

Oil pipeline

151

136

122

120

121

68 87 105

86

67

103 104

85

D4

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Open block

Oil field

2

2

4A 4 5 4B . ESPERANCA o nC 5A

3

1

1

A T L A N T I C O C E A N

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7C

ne

C av

0

6C

Zo

5C

on

A uin UD t. G EC c Pe B i 5B tlant ) as A A OL &G (T Oil n B 6 rse La

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ULTRA DEEP 2

ULTRA DEEP 1

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amance

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ak

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2000 m

e

Sassandra 0m

AGC CENTRAL Oryx AGC SHALLOW Best Petroleum

Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Liberia

ally

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Western Sahara

g fin Ba

G

U

IN

A

Production Proved reserves

Chad

0

Miles

200

k Volta

O F

G UI NEA

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© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

G UL F

TOGO

Nig

Maradi

Bioko

E QUAT O R IA L GUINE A

Warri

Ajaokuta

SORAZ

GABON

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Chari

ERDIS-2008

ERDIS BASIN

ERDIS

BDS-2008

CHARI S II

Opic

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Birao

Bambari

SALAMAT BASIN BONGOR E CNPC DOSEO BASIN DOSEO Ouandja Glencore

Am Timan

AbŽchŽ

United Hydrocarbon International (Delonex)

BANGUI

UŽ

lŽ

Obo

SOUTH SUDAN

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO Congo

Ubangi

Bangassou

E GYPT

SUDAN

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

REP. OF CONGO

BerbŽrati

Bouar

CHARI S I

Moundou

Mongo BONGOR W CNPC

MADIAGO E CNPC

MIMOSA, RONIER

MD-2008

DJERMAYA

DOBA BASIN Sarh

BONGOR BASIN

MADIAGO W CNPC

CNPC

CHARI SUD I DOC, DOD: United Hydrocarbon International (Delonex) DOE, DOF, DOG: Global Petroleum Oilfields in DOE, DOF, DOG: ExxonMobil

ERDIS ERDIS ERDIS III IV LARGEAU V II Global

Faya

ERDIS I

DOI Glencore

C H A D

L. CHAD BASIN LAKE CHAD H United Hydrocarbon International (Delonex) L.Chad MANGA 1

CAMEROON

Kribi

LARGEAU II

MOUSSORO SEDIGI CNPC

TCHAD I Opic

NÕDJAMENA

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100

LARGEAU I

50

SILTOU LARGEAU III LARGEAU VI II LARGEAU LARG. IV GTI VII SILTOU I LAC LARGEAU Meige International LAC TCHAD

DIBELLA DIBELLA 2 1

KoulŽlŽ

MANGA 2

Diffa

MANDARAM 1

ABORAK

FUTURE TRANSSAHARAN GAS PIPELINE (TSGP) / NIGERIA-ALGERIA PIPELINE (NIGAL)?

Kano

Zinder

TEGAMA

N I G E R I A

Kaduna

TARKA

BASIN

er NIGER-BENIN EXPORT PIPELINE UNDER CONSTRUCTION

BENIN

FUTURE PRODUCTS PIPELINE?

Dosso

DALLOL

Tahoua

CNPC AG

TƒNƒRƒ

TADARAST DAMAGARAM W

Agadez

N I G E R TƒNƒRƒ

DJADO III Global MANGA

DJADO II

DJADO I

TCHIGAì KARAMA

HOMODJI

SEGUEDINE BILMA ARAGA CNPC

DISSILAK

DJADO BASIN

Miles

0

N

400

Lake Volta

GHANA

Buipe

White Volta

Bingo

ADER

ACHEGOUR

GREIN

KAFRA Sipex TAFASS- (Sonatrach) ASSET

DJADO 1

Kilometres

0

BASIN

O

YAMOUSSOUKRO

Torodi

NIAMEY

OUAGADOUGOU Bolgatanga

AZAWAK

TAMESNA TALAK Arlit IRHAZER

Shenshui Oil & Gas

IULLEMENDEN YARIS BASIN WESTERN 27 TOUNFALIS

100

DJADO 4 Shenshui Oil & Gas DJADO 3 Shenshui Oil & Gas DJADO 2

DOH

BOROGOP MÕBIKOU Glencore NYA BOLOBO KOME MIANDOUM TIMBRE BADILA

BELANGA

DOD DOE

DOC BENOY DOF DOG

WD2-2008 MOUNDOULI

A G TE U AK M

K

Kilometres

Gao

15

50

ERIDAL, KUNAMA

ASHEL

CAMEROON

DOA Jia He Energy Resources

DOBA

MANGARA KRIM

SA

Abidjan

11

26 T

Miles

0

R4

AMDIGH BUSHIYA, ZOMO

SOKOR

R3

TO HASSI RÕMEL

Kilometres

0

BAS IN AMNESNA

Kidal

14

EFITAL ADAL EYIS

AGADI

LIBYA

DOB CHARI W III Opic (Taiwan) BDS-2008 Glencore

EA

0

BouakŽ

23

22

28

GAO GRABEN

10

21

BURKINA FASO

Blac

IB

CïTE DÕI V O I R E

FerkessŽdougou

BoboDioulasso

19

7

N

KORO

GOUMERI

R1-R4: Savannah Petroleum

CHARI W CNPC

K

LIBERIA

E

Sikasso

29

18

SŽgou

BAMAKO

r ge Ni

12a

NARA / 13a MACINA Mopti BASIN

12b

I

M A L I

16a

5b

S

2a 5a

16b

8a 6

B 4a

A

Tombouctou (Timbuktu)

4b 9a 8b

2b

1a2

1a1

R2 JIMNA

AGADEM BLOCK

DAMISSA

R1

GUIWA

N

BOURAKƒBOUGOU Petroma exploitation permit

25 Petroma

13b

1b1

ALAM

KISKI, MENA

KAREY

SI

SEN.

Kayes

24a

9b

3a

3b

1b2

A L G ER I A

In Salah

C

24b

Oil tanker terminal

Oil refinery

Products pipeline future?

Gas pipeline future?

Oil pipeline future?

Oil field

Prospect

CNPC oil-producing block (Niger)

Licensed block

Open block

M A U R I TA N I A

TO NOUAKCHOTT

20 Sipex (Sonatrach)

N

(under UN mandate)

I

Ohanet

LO

B KA

T

ugh

AD

O

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020 ƒ

R I EM B FT

A

Tro

D

TŽn

ƒN

Rƒ

U

T T-

E

MI T E R ŽrŽ

N

MOROCCO

Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Chad, Central African Republic

101,000 b/d

Oil (2018)

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2019

1.5 bn bbls

73

Kilometres

0

Miles

100 50

C ïT E DÕI V OI R E

S

Anyama

sa

nd

ra

lly C av a

CI-12 Foxtrot

CI-705 Total

CI-704

Sassandra

CI-500 PŽtroci CI-11 PŽtroci CI-27 Foxtrot

CI-706 Total

CI-703

San-PŽdro CI-702 CI-701

Tabou

CI-513

CI-707 Kosmos, BP*

CI-708 Kosmos, BP*

CI-301 CI-302 Tullow Tullow Dabou

Jacqueville CI-503 12

m

00

0m

CI-601

CI-602 Kosmos, BP*

2

CI-501 Eni CI-205 Eni

OF

CI-504 Eni

CI-604

BŽlier

Dragon Oil

CI-101 Eni

FPSO BAOBAB IVOIRIEN

CI-202 Vitol E

40

WAGP EXTEN SION?

ELAND

KUDU

CI-801

GH AN A

ASSINIE IBEX

200m

CI-802 PAON CI-103 CI-709 CI-401 CI-524 (under INDEPENDANCE Tullow negotiation)

CI-526 Kosmos, BP* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

FSRU

CI-531 CI-24

CI-26 CNR CI-40 CNR

Lagune Aby

CI-525 Vitol Eastern

CI-800

CI-523 Vitol Eastern

IVOIRE

ROSSIGNOL PELICAN CI-710

CI-100 Total

LION PANTHéRE FOXTROT MARLIN, MANTA ESPOIR BAOBAB ACAJOU

20

00

CI-605 Total

GUINEA

0

40

* Kosmos exploration operator, BP development operator

Products pipeline future?

Open block Licensed block

Oil refinery

Oil field

Gas processing plant

Gas/condensate field

Oil tanker terminal

Oil pipeline future?

LNG regasification plant and import terminal future?

Gas/condensate pipeline future?

RABAT

x2

OdiennŽ

Korhogo

Black Volta

Bondoukou o Ž

YAMOUSSOUKRO

Lac de Buyo

Gagnoa SoubrŽ

m

Co

Lac de Kossou

Daloa

L IBE R IA

BouakŽ

GHANA

Ba n

Divo

ma da

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Kilometres

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Banda ma B l

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Sassa

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TO OUAGADOUGOU?

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FPSO: floating production, storage and offloading FSRU: floating storage and regasification unit © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

M AL I

G L C G

Mohammedia Kƒ Casablanca G TIT MELLIL W Mediouna El AIRPORT Jadida Berrechid rf CASABLANCA Ð ar Settat Khourib

3000m

0 0m

Abandoned fields or where production has ceased are shown in upper and lower case

anc

CI-600

GULF

m

5 6 7

TO TAKORADI

Grand-Bassam

0m

3000

4

Vridi

CI-102 FPSO ESPOIR IVOIRIEN

CI-522 Tullow

CI-520 CI-521 Tullow Tullow

SIR SMB

m

200

3 CI-502 Foxtrot

CI-700 CI-603 Kosmos, BP*

Bongo

Abidjan

CI-519 Tullow CI-518 GrandTullow Lahou

Fresco

Co mo Ž

0

as

LIBERIA

Côte d’Ivoire

Abidjan Jacqueville San-PŽdro

GrandBassam

GULF OF GUINEA

Bespoke consultancy services Supporting your work throughout all stages of the project development and investment cycle. www.africa-energy.com/consultancy

74

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Ghana, Togo, Benin

SANKOFA

E CAPE THREE POINTS Medea Development

GH-WB-02 First E&P, Elandel Ghana

OFFSHORE CAPE THREE POINTS SOUTH UB Resources

under 2 negotiation 00

10

00

TOGO

NIGERIA

AtakpamŽ

White V

Simba Essel Energy (under application)

Abomey

Kumasi

LOMƒ

ACCRA Atuabo

2000m

Sanzule

B

Aboadze

Cotonou

Tema

Cape Coast

PORTO NOVO

A

SekondiTakoradi

TEN fields:

Lagos

Lake Volta

Obuasi

3000m 3000m

Parakou

SokodŽ

Techiman

m

GH-WB-05

DEEPWATER CAPE THREE POINTS ExxonMobil

Djougou

KpalimŽ

GH-WB-04

GH-WB-03 Eni

BENIN

Kara

GHANA

GYE NYAME

OFFSHORE CAPE THREE POINTS Eni Ghana

DEEPWATER CAPE THREE POINTS WEST Eco Atlantic Ghana (PetroGulf)

Buipe

Sunyani

FPSO JOHN AGYEKUM KUFUOR

E

BembŽrŽkŽ

O u em Ž

SOUTH DEEPWATER TANO AGM Petroleum

HICKORY N

CAPE THREE POINTS BLOCK 4 Eni

Cape Three Points SHALLOW WATER CAPE THREE POINTS Sahara Energy Fields Ghana

C ï TE DÕIV O IR E

Dapaong

lta Vo

PECAN

Sekondi Takoradi

NIGER-BENIN EXPORT PIPELINE

a olt

Tamale V O L T A IA N BA S IN

m

ALMOND

Axim

ck

CENTRAL FPSO KWAME FPSO 2 1 TANO NKRUMAH PROFESSOR Amni 5 ODUM JOHN EVANS JUBILEE ATTA MILLS Tullow 3 4 6 BANDA DEEPWATER SW TANO TANO Tullow Gosco MTA DEEPWATER COB TANO / CAPE BEECH THREE POINTS PECAN N Aker Energy PARADISE FPSO

Aboadze

Sanzule Essiama

W CAPE THREE POINTS BLOCK 2 Springfield Exploration & Production (SEP)

TEN

Wa

Bla

W CAPE EBONY THREE POINTS S TANO Kosmos WAWA

Bolgatanga

FSRU (GHANA 1000)

GNPC

g

Kandi

FUTURE?

GHANA

Effasu

Ni

75

Bingo

Tarkwa

Elubo

EXPANDED Atuabo SHALLOW Domunli WATER N TANO TANO Erin Energy GH-WB-01 (allocated to GNPC) W TANO WAWA DISCOVERY AREA Tullow

BURKINA FASO

Ta n

CïTE DÕI V O I R E

0 Miles

Oti

25

Tano

Miles

NIGER

0 Kilometres 150

Prestea

er

0

B

50

Kilometres

o

0

GULF OF GUINEA

1 TWENEBOA 2 ENYENRA 3 NTOMME

MTA fields:

NotsŽ

KpalimŽ

on

o

Licensed block

GH A N A

Oil field

Gas processing plant

Gas/condensate field

Oil tanker terminal future?

Products pipeline future? Atuabo 200m 1000 2000

m

B

Winneba

Sanzule

WAG P EX TEN SION

Teshi

Agona Swedru

Cape Coast

Aboadze

Sekondi Takoradi

Saltpond

ACCRA

AS NG ) ICA GP FR (WA A ST INE WE IPEL P

Saltpond

FSRU

?

m

SW SALTPOND Brittania-U Ghana

Sogakope

Saltpond Offshore Producing Co. Ltd. (SOPCL)

Tema

3000

FSRU

KETA SUB-BASIN

m 00

TA N O ( W E S T E R N ) BASIN

G UL F

200m 1000m

2000m

E KETA GNPC Operating Services Co. (Gosco)

5 Oranto Petroleum

m

6 Oranto Petroleum

8

7

9

10

11

SALTPOND (CENTRAL) BASIN

30

2

2/B

ACCRA-KETA (EASTERN) BASIN

CAPE THREE POINTS SUB-BASIN

FSRU

FIFA

FSO

ACCRA SUB-BASIN

SéMé N SéMé S

3 FrazOil 4

1/A

Sm 1

Cotonou

Keta

KETA DELTA Swiss African Oil Cape Co. (SWAOCO) St Paul

TOR

LNG regasification plant and import terminal future?

Gas/condensate pipeline future?

V

ta ol

Oil pipeline future?

Koforidua

AnŽho

LOMƒ

Akosombo Dam

Akim Oda

Ouidah

CLOSED

Akosombo

PORTO-NOVO

Godomey

TsŽviŽ Oil refinery future?

BENIN

M

TOGO

Ho

Lake Volta

Nkawkaw Open block

A

B Elephant Oil

Kumasi

N IG E R IA

A

FROM ALAGBADO

4 MAHOGANY 5 TEAK 6 AKASA

GH-WB-06

12

13

O F

14

G UI NEA

Abandoned fields or where production has ceased are shown in upper and lower case FPSO: floating production, storage and offloading FSRU: floating storage and regasification unit FSO: floating storage and offloading © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

100

15

50

African Energy Newsletter Keep up to date with what is happening across the continent, including news and analysis of market developments, project awards and the political and governance issues that impact on the business environment. www.africa-energy.com/news-centre

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

75

Cameroon

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

BAKASSI

20 10

MÕBONGO

P en in s u la

SANJE

C-18 SANDY GAS Perenco C-17 KE

1

3 6

C-12 EKOUNDOU 1 MARINE Perenco

2

1

50 m

R ê O

4

5 7

6 4

3

3

2

M

2 C-23 1 MA H-116 MB

R E Y

VICTORIA B VICTORIA A

TIKO

6

1

2

C-30 SAM

OBANEKAN E IDENAO 1 AEE-34 2 DN

B A S I N

BOLONGO EXPLORATION

AEE-41 ETINDƒ New Age Cameroon Offshore Petroleum

BIGH T

Production concession / exploitation licence

K: KOLE MARINE Perenco

1 2 3 4

MOKOKO W MOKOKO MOKOKO S ABANA

BOMONO Yabassi

BuŽa

MOAMBE ZINGANA

ISONGO E

ETINDƒ EXPLORATION

BonabŽri

Tiko

SONARA

LimbŽ

Gas pipeline

ISONGO F

KOMBE-NÕSEPE

OF SAPELE NW

EdŽa Dam

m 500

Gas processing plant

Bioko

Oil tanker terminal

BON N Y

LNG liquefaction plant and export terminal 0 Km

D C-37 YOYO Noble Energy

TILAPIA aga San

OUALA BASIN

C-34 MVIA SNH MVIA

YOYO

L. Chad

Had

BENDA

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Yan Chang Logone Development Holding Company (YCLDC)

ZINA

Go ng ol

AEE-38 SANAGA SUD Perenco FLNG GOLAR

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HILLI EPISEYO

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NIGERIA

CHAD

GAROUA BASIN

H-78 NTEM

KRIBI-CAMPO BASIN

AD OIL CAM PIP ERO EL INE ON

DjŽrem

Mam b

IA R TO EA UA IN EQ GU

L

EdŽa Kribi

FUTURE PRODUCTS PIPELINE?

m

50

Kribi Deep Sea Port

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

40 20

FLNG: floating liquefied natural gas FSO: floating storage and offloading Rio © African Energy 2020 Campo (www.africa-energy.com)

African Energy Newsletter Dj

GABO N

00m

E Q U AT O R I A L GUINEA

YAOUNDƒ

500m

Bertoua

10 00 m

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CAMEROON

C.A.R.

1

Bamenda

Douala

Kribi

C-31 KRIBI-F EBOME MARINE FSO LA LOBE Perenco

FROM DOBA FIELDS

a an

Bipaga

KRIBI-H KRIBI-L

NgaoundŽrŽ

Bioko

KRIBI-A

ELOMBO

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Nkongsamba

SANAGA SUD

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Maroua

Ch

Log

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LOGONEBIRNI BASIN

Garoua

MAMFƒ BASIN

NKOUDOU

COCO MARINE

200 100

KWA KWA SAPELE

D-1

E Q U AT O R I A L G U I N E A

Oil refinery

76

C-38 LOGBABA Gaz du Cameroun (Victoria Oil & Gas)

MATANDA N

100m

Oil pipeline

Limbe

LOGBABA EXPLORATION

BABA LOG

Douala

SOUELLABA

Gas/condensate field

MANYU

1 ASOMA S 2 AKONO

Mbanga

H-105 MATANDA Gaz du Cameroun (Victoria Oil & Gas)

Oil field

0 Miles

SAM: S ASOMA MARINE Addax (Sinopec)

M: MONDONI Addax (Sinopec) MA: MOKOKO-ABANA Addax (Sinopec)

ISONGO MARINE MANYIKEBI

Exploration permit

1 BAKASSI E 2 MONDONI

C A M E R O O N

Perenco

ISONGO C

Enlargement

MB: MOABI Perenco

Bamusso

OAK

NJONJI

FSO MASSONGO

KITA E EDEM E MEME ABASI LOBE BOJONGO

1 MOSONGO

1 IROKO

DIKOME KOLE KOLE S KOLE SW

1 2 3 4 5 6

LE: LIPENJA-ERONG Addax (Sinopec)

IROKO Addax (Sinopec)

1 2 3 4

KE: KITA-EDEM Perenco

UBENE

THALI Tower Resources

VICTORIA INUNI

Block under negotiation

ITINDI NYANGASSA NYANGASSA S BOA BOA SLO BAKASSI

1 DISSONI N 2 DISSONI

OONGUE

5 3

Open block

1 BIBOUNDI 2 EKOUNDOU 3 NAME 4 KOMBO N 5 KOMBO 6 BAROMBI 7 INOUA 8 BETIKA S 9 BETIKA 10 BOGI

DN: DISSONI N Perenco

C-29 4 LE 1

1

2 3 4

5

6

2

NGOSSO

D E L

KM 1

1 2 3 4 5 6

NAWUMSE

BOMANA Perenco

C-16 BA

EKOUNDOU Perenco

BAVO ASOMA ASOMA C LIPENDJA LIPENDJA S ERONG N

BB: BOA-BAKASSI Perenco

NDIAN RIVER

IDABATO

NARENDI TALI ODIONG

C-15 1 C-11 BB 2

4

9 8

AEE-40 IROKO 1

4

3

10

C-24 MOUDI Perenco

5

1 2 3 4 5 6

NDIAN RIVER

so os Ng

B ak as s i

JABANE AFAGA TANDA

2

y Re el R’o d

NIGERIA IFARI E

BA: BAVO-ASOMA Perenco

Mundemba

a

REP. OF CONGO

Keep up to date with news and analysis of market developments, project awards and political and governance issues. www.africa-energy.com/news-centre

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Production Proved reserves

2018

Ni g

Cotonou

OML 113 Yinka Folawiyo

OPL 310 Optimum Petroleum

Alagbado

WEST AFRICAN GAS PIPELINE (WAGP) TO TOGO & GHANA

OPL 320 Oranto

OPL 318

Oil

Gas

2.05m b/d

49.2bcm

37.5bn bbls

5.3tcm

OPL OPL 341 342

OPL OPL OPL 335 336 326 NorthSouth OPL OPL 337 338

AdoEkiti

OPL 512

OPL 508

ONDO

Akure

OPL 613

OPL 614

OPL 513

Bida

OPL 509

OPL 506

E

OPL 839

OPL 840

OPL OPL 901 902 OPL 914

OPL 903

Enugu

Bonny

OPL 842

RIVER

I

P L AT E A U OPL 827

OPL 835

OPL 843

Ogoja

in a

-A l

EQUATORIAL GUINEA

Bakassi

ts

OPL 836

OPL 828

OPL 829

a

OPL 803

OPL 801

OPL 736

OPL OPL

OPL 814

OPL 824

OPL 820

Numan

FPSO: floating production, storage and offloading

a

CA MER O O N

ag San

Biu

OPL 744

OPL 739

OPL 732

0

0

OPL 817

OPL 734

OPL 723

OPL 735

OPL 740 OPL 745 OPL 746

Bama

OPL Maiduguri OPL 741 742

BORNO

OPL 733 NNDC

OPL 722 New Nigeria Development Co. (NNDC)

OPL 711

Lake Chad

CHAD

Miles

Kilometres

LNG liquefaction plant and export terminal future?

Oil tanker terminal future?

Gas processing plant future?

Oil refinery future?

Products pipeline future?

Gas/condensate pipeline future?

Oil pipeline future?

Gas/condensate field

Oil field

150

Oil mining licence [OML prefix]

300

CHAD

Oil prospecting licence [OPL prefix]

Yola

OPL 702 NNPC

701 OPL 710

e OPL

Mubi

ADAMAWA

OPL 743

OPL 738

OPL 731

OPL OPL 720 721

OPL OPL 709 708

Y ob

YOLA-GAROUA TROUGH OPL 816

Buni

Jalingo

OPL 819

Gembu

ue en

OPL 815

GOMBE

OPL 810 OPL NNDC 811

Gombe

OPL 808

BASIN

OPL 807

OPL 737

OPL 730

OPL 707 NNPC OPL 719

Damaturu

YOBE

OPL 729

OPL 718

OPL 706

Potiskum

OPL 728

OPL 802

TARABA

OPL 830

OPL 716

OPL 717

804 805 ola ng K E R R I

Kari

OPL 727

OPL 813 OPL 823

OPL 705 NNPC

Nguru Gashua

OPL 806 OPL 809 NNDC

Takum

Wukari

OPL 837

BENUE TROUGH

OPL 821

OPL 812

OPL 822

A

Bauchi

Shendam

OPL 726

jia de Ha

OPL 715

OPL OPL 703 704 NNPC

BAUCHI

OPL 725

Dutse

Gboko Ka

Qua Peninsula Iboe

BIGHT OF BONNY

Ima

Eket

OPL 724

OPL 905 Gas Transmission & Power Ltd. (GTPL)

s os Cr C R O S S

Uyo Calabar AKWA IBOM

OHAJI/ Umuahia EGBEMA

Owerri ABIA I M O Aba

RIVERS

OPL 909

E N U G U Abakaliki EBONYI

Onitsha

ANAMBRA

ALO AMANSLODO

OPL 906

OPL 904

841 BASIN Otukpo

Lafia OPL 834

BENUE

Makurdi

K O G I A N A M B R A OPL

OPL 838

OPL 833

OPL 832

OPL OPL 831 517

OPL 826

OPL 714

JIGAWA

OPL 713

Jos

R

Wamba

NASARAWA

Keffi OPL 825

FEDERAL CAPITAL TERR.

Port Harcourt

Brass River

th e N i g er

G

ABUJA

Kafanchan

OPL 516

see pages 78 & 79

N IGER D ELTA

so f

B AY E L S A

KOLO CREEK

D E LTA

I

Suleja

Sarkin Pawa

Ka

Zaria

KANO

Kano

OPL 712

NI G ER

KADUNA

Funtua

IHANDIAGU OPL OPL 905 915 OPL 916

Abudu Asaba

Yenagoa

EDO

Auchi

Ajaokuta Okpella

Lokoja Okene

Baro

OPL 515

OPL 514

N

Minna

Katsina

K AT S I N A

Kaduna

KRPC

Shiroro Reservoir

BirninGwari

OPL 510

Zungeru

Tegina

KauraNamoda Gusau So ko to

OPL 608

ZAMFARA

Kabba

th

Warri

Pennington

Escravos BIGHT OF BENIN Forcados

S

Benin City

ELP

AKIN BONI, IDAKOLO, LUTAKO

Ondo

Omotosho

Ore

Ilesha Ife

Lekki Free Trade Zone

Offa

Ilorin

KWARA

OPL 511

Nig er

OPL 507

OPL 607

OPL 619

BIDA BASIN

OPL 505

OPL 606

NIGER

OPL 502

Oshogbo E K I T I

GUINEA

OPL OPL 333 334

OPL OPL OPL 330 331 322 Dajo

OPL 329

OPL 328

OF

m

ou

© African Energy 2020 (www.africaenergy.com)

00

M

GULF

20

OPL 327

OPL 325 Lekoil

OPL 312 OPL 313 OPL 314 OPL 317 OPL 319 OPL 321 KNOC

KETA BASIN

FPSO FRONT PUFFIN

OPL 311

OPL 504

OPL 503

OPL 501

OPL 623

OPL 612 OPL 618

Kontagora

OPL 611 OPL 617

Yelwa

Jebba

OSUN

Iwo

Lagos DANGOTE

OGO

OPL 627

Sokoto

OPL 605

SOKOTO

OPL 622

KEBBI

OPL 625

Sagamu

OPL 306

OPL 616

OPL 610

BirninKebbi

Kainji Reservoir

OPL 628

Crownwell

OPL 305

LAGOS

OPL 303 OPL 304

OGUN

Ibadan

OYO

Papalanto

Abeokuta

AJE

Shaki

OPL 624 OPL 626

OPL 609

OPL 601

OPL 621

Kamba

OPL 620

OPL 615

Ogbomosho Iseyin

B ENI N

Mekro u

OuŽmŽ

OPL 604

AJA

P S A G

E IN EL IP

OPL 603

N ig e r

ga

ASP

NO KADUNA- K A -

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020 OKU TA

) KK (A

er

na du Don

ko

a ri

B io

Sok o to

Go

Ch

B

OPL 602

Nigeria

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2019

77

0m

EPIYA

TOJU EJANIA

ADAGBASSA GBETIOKUN, BIME TONGARAFA Abigborodo SAPELE POWER PLANT OMOJA MOSOGAR JESSE OVHOR

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

OVHOR DEEP OKOPORO JATUMI E Upomami OKPOKO S Aghigho UPOMAMI S UPOKITI S UPOKITI N

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 OVIA

ERIMWINDU

Warri

Benin City

IHOVBOR POWER PLANT

Abudu

26 27 28 29 30 31

Ubefan ATAMBA ABITEYE W ELOLO SAGHARA OKWUIBOME

32 33 34 35 36 37

OKPAI BENIKU ODUGRI ASHAKA KWALE E AKRI

Asaba

m 00

30

0

1 KORONAMA 2 KQ 3 KONYE 4 UDIBE 5 FIOM 6 EBIYA 7 USARI NW 8 ERONG 9 OBU 10 OBU N 11 NKOP 12 MBUOTIDEM 13 ISANTIM 14 UTAI 15 MOYOM 16 USARI E 17 EDI 18 OBONG 19 NKERE 20 MBARA 21 UWEM 22 EDIKAN 23 UBOHO 24 NKUKU

Offshore

IKONG EMIANG IBIOM LLL ENANG W USORO AKAMBA MFONISO EWA NSING ETIM N ETIM W EKIKO ETIM ETIM SS ASASA ASASA W INUEN IYUNG ISONSI MZ, UDIANA NSISONG ETISONG ETISONG N

49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69

UFON OFFIONG MCC UYAL OYOBIO EDIDIANA IYAK EKONG Iyak SE OKWOK ANTAN MBAIYAK IFURE IBOT MFEM MFEM SE ETORO BOGI, Mimbo EBUGHI ADANGA ADANGA N (HORST)

G U L F

70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

N

Onitsha

Awka

IGBARIAM

EGBEMA W NDONI CREEK OGBOGBENE N OGBOGBENE Ogbogbene W OMUKU E EBEGORO NKISA ALINSO AWARA AMA Biseni

AKUKWA

38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49

BIGHT

Enugu

Oil pipeline future?

Gas/condensate field

OPL 909

Oil field

Kilometres Miles

0

30

EMEIN

60

FPSO

ETAN

NNWA

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

ZABAZABA

FPSO

FPSO AGBAMI EKOLI

Fo

BILAH

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020 LEMBA

EGINA OBO

BOMU

AKPO FPSO AKPO

EBITEMI

KINA

EFERE

UKOT SW

USAN W

20

EBWA

00m

OF BONNY

00

E Q U AT. GUINEA

ASP: Aladja System Pipeline ELPS: Escravos-Lagos Pipeline System FLNG: floating liquefied natural gas FPSO: floating production, storage Bioko FPSO: and offloading FSO: floating storage and offloading GTS: Gas Transmission System MOPU: mobile offshore production unit NCTL: Nembe Creek Trunk Line OGGS: Offshore Gas Gathering System OUR: Obite-Ubeta-Rumuji TFP: Trans-Forcados Pipeline TNP: Trans-Niger Pipeline Abandoned fields or where production has ceased are shown in upper and lower case

OWOWO S

OWOWO USAN UKOT

OWOWO W

FPSO USAN

NIGERIA Ð STP JOINT DEVELOPMENT ZONE

FPSO EGINA

PREOWEI

BOLIACHOTA

FPSO

EGINA S

KURO

FLNG

DORO

NGOLO

2 SGT

FPSO

Port Harcourt

Aba

N I G E R I A

ss Cro

IKIJA

AGBAMI EKOLI

SEKHI

P TN

0m

0

G U I N E A

ISOBO INANG IBENO Ukpam EDE IBA ORON W IDIOK EKPAT NDIBE INAGHA ORON N KITA MARINE EKWE TOM SHOT BANK CROSS RIVER OKPOSO E

O F

-3) TS (G GS

25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48

BIGHT OF BENIN

0m

er

Nig

100

OG

GT S5

78 GILLI GILLI N GILLI GILLI

UGHELLI W DELTA POWER PLANT AZURA CRAWFORD CREEK POWER BATAN PLANT AJUJU BAMIENE OGUDE

CAMEROON

OTIEN BINIWEI OSSIOMO TONJOR OLUEGI OLOGBO ONA OBI ANYIMA Oben ELEGBE AN ro le BO WU POLOGBENE N S OREDO OKI ASABORO I LA u o O E NEMOMAI Gas/condensate pipeline 0m OGHAREFE S EB EL Om jum OL EL ABIALA AROH K Obe UBA O P SHANGO B OBEN OWE future? 3 OGHAREKI ADOFI SEOPUAMA UGBO ISAN W ISAN T RIVER 62 OHURU 2 OMOJA OKWEFE 1 HOLY 5 GBADUDU MINA IGBOLO Products pipeline OLOKUN 63 Apara 4 ORORO OPUEKEBA CREEK 6 Sapele BITA PARABE GBOKODA 7 8 OKPORHURU INYI 64 TRANS-AMADI EWAN Okagba SAPELE future? MATSOGO CREEK BENIN RIVER EGBAOMA RUTA AMUKPE EKO POWER PLANT OROGHO E OLURE UBALEME ABO N AZAMA MALU META MEJO OB AST 65 ELELENWA DIBI ANIEZE 9 AMOJI EFE MAKARABA -W OLOYE Oil refinery 3 10 NEDUM ORIOMU Obodo 66 Obigbo PI BOBI MEREN ABO PE EST Jatumi 11 67 Ajokpori TAPA future? LI EKOKOR OPOLO UKPOKITI ARA NE UMUSADEGE 31 32 12 50 TAYLOR CREEK UM28 UTONANA Okpoko 68 Ebubu OKPAI POWER PLANT T EKOKOR S EBENDO O NJABA 13 51 UZU 33 BENIN DELTA JONES CK. 69 BANGHAN 35 EGTL OBODETI KOKORI 34 18 OSSU Gas processing plant FPSO ABO OLOMU FPSO TRINITY ESTUARY 14 52 OBAGI SW UMUSETI 70 OKOLOMA ABITEYE 16 17 SPIRIT KWALE 36 OGUTA EFFURUN ORJO DELTA 53 OBAGI Ozoro 37 15 Rapele 27 future? 71 Akuba 25 URHURE IZOMBE JISIKE IGBUKU AGWE S EJULEBE 30 29 S EGWA ELP 26 54 IBEWA 72 Tai UGADA OKODO 20 AFIESERE OFA EGBEMA OKAN 38 OGINI Escravos 19 55 SOMBREIRO KAKA 22 WRPC 73 Onne ABOH EGBEMA POWER PLANT Oil tanker terminal SONAM ERIEMU ESCR.BEACH ONITE ODIDI 23 WARRI ISOKO 56 EREMA 21 74 DAWES ISLAND 39 OHAJI/ Owerri 57 EREMA W BOSI N MEFA 40 OWEH Escravos Terminal RIVER ISOKO S UGHELLI E AFREMO future? MÕBEDE EGBEMA OVO 75 ALAKIRI E OGBANABOU FSO UGO-OCHA TFP 24 IRRI 42 41 EBOCHA 58 IHUGBOGO Osioka OLOMORO AWODI MEJI FORCADOS YEYE 76 BANIELE FPSO W AWODI IRIGBO OHAJI S ABURA OYO NW ERHA N ERHA OBIAFU- OMOKU IHEOMA 59 UMUDIOGA FPSO YOKRI N LNG liquefaction plant OGBOGU 77 BODO OKPOLO FORCADOS SW UTOROGU OBRIKOM ASSA N 60 OLO W OFFE MESAN BOSI OYO 78 Bodo West OSIOKA S EVWRENI ORONI UMUORU Omoku W ERHA and export terminal 44 45 Assa IBIGWE ODINMA FPSO 61 OBUZO 43 79 HUGHES Forcados AJAPA 47 OWOPELE N OBIRA UZERE 46 OGUALI future? ADIBAWA CHANNEL ODIMODI EKORO OGEDEH FPSO ARMADA EMEABIAM OWOPELE 48 FPSO ERHA ADEIN PERDANA AMAPU SAMABRI 49 NE IDU 80 KRAKAMA E Beniboye ABARA UKPICHI ALAOMA OBOKUN OGARA ZIGAZIGA OBITE 53 AKEPO ODON BOSI S AGBERI ODUKPANI KONKO AHIA OKPOKONOU OWU ADIBAWA 52 54 RAMOS UDUERE POWER KUDO ABASORE Aladja RIVER Ramos 55 OMERELU 50 IkotOSOSO dos PLANT UBETA 56 a TUOMO W EGBELEKE EBOLIBO c 57 r Forcados Ekpene Isu BOMADI 59 ABA ABA POWER PLANT KUMBOWEI EPU KUYERE ERUKUKU UNICHEM OSHI UBIE 58 MINI NTA UBIMA TUOMO Terminal TOWN ZARAMA OSUOPELE CEMENT ISENI KOLOBIRI KOROAMA OLO UMUANWA 20 51 M AKONO SW EL 60 OTAMINI ALAOJI POWER PLANT CHE KABIAMA Angalalei GBARAIN P.P. Ahoada E EDIK U IMO KOROLEI ALIMINI OBELE IKA OMA ETELEBOU BENISEDE BENI UDEN UM Uyo IZOMINI RIVER ENE OGBOTOBO OMA POWER PLANT (FUTURE?) MANUSO Rumuekpe EGBEDI CREEK GBARAN NKALI OPOMOYO 61 GT EGUNABO ORUBOU Calabar OGBODOG AGBADA 62 EKEDEI S -1 ENGULE EHURU Agbaya EREMOR OPUKUSHI N ECHIM Enwhe ,4 OBIGBO Yenagoa OZA NGBOKO (O TS T N EBEZIBA DODO N OPUKUSHI N AGGE n EMOHUA UR -6 P ISIMIRIAfam Umuosi EGBELLE AJATITON TUNU u UKANA S KOLO CREEK OGBELE ISOBA ) EJA EGBOMIE OBEAKPU AJAKETON KANBO 65 66 Akpor 63 EA AFUO NUN EJIGEBEDE CLOUGH CREEK ELEBELE 67 SEIBOU 70 AFAM POWER PLANT EGBOLOM RIVER EC 64 CREEK AMATU OBERAN Oron 69 71 AFAM OFEMINI OGBAINBIRI ATALA 68 OSIAMA CREEK S EMETTE Korokoro YOKURU FPSO SEA EH PHRC 72 OBUTORU CREEK SENGANA IBIBIO STUBB BUGUMA CREEK EAGLE Oloibiri KUGBO W 73 AKATA 74 ORUBIRI AZUZUAMA RIVER DAVY Asaritoru AKARINO ETEBI CREEK Pennington Onne Oil & Gas Free Zone SOKU BANK D.CK. OBAMA N OKOROBA DIEBU UQUO IKEBIRI JOKKA Bomu MBO BONGA N BOBO BILABRI IKEBIRI E IBOM AKAN EKIM Eket CREEK ALAKIRI BILABRI DEEP OBIO 75 76 IDAMA 77 Yorla OBAMA POWER BILLE PIRIGBENE N CHIOMA OPUGBENE EKET NIMBE S OROBIRI ABANA W AWOBA NW CAWTHORNE FPSO BONGA IBOTIO 78 TEEBA PLANT ERIBI Pirigbene SE BONGA NW (EFIAT) 80 YORLA S CHAN. Qua Iboe KRAKAMA ABANA QUA AKAI EKULAMA SANTA BARBARA ETE 79 86 TEBIDABA IG.N OWANARE BONGA E IBOE POWER PLANT S.B.DEEP UTAPATE ETE S NPETE OPOBO N ROBERTKIRI IGBOMOTORU OKIORI AWOBA (FUTURE?) 84 85 UTAPATE S SETU NEMBE S.B. S BONNY N AKASO FPSO Middleton NCTL 83 W 79 GT S CREEK ORIRI OLOBIA Ata BUBOUWE BOU AMANIBA NSIKO N BONGA SW BONNY -2 Bonny 80 82 N.CK. OTAKIKPO Opobo S FPSO 78 81 E ITUT N EKEH KE NLNG BELEMA 77 76 ARMADA OKORO INANGA IKUBIO ELEPA ORON TUBU ITUT APARO OKPA 75 KUROGBAGBA ODEAMA PERKASA 11 NSIKO 13 IDOHO N APOI KULAMA FSO ELI UFENI Akam 73 72 69 OLUA IMA 10 CREEK OTUO NSIMBO KANUSKIRI 12 K. S AKASO FUNIWA DEEP Qua Iboe UWANA 74 7170 9 OTUO S FPSO INDA GTS FPSO 68 FUNIWA OSO 8 OYOT 15 UNAM 65 -5 BOI Terminal Kalaekule OBRA BRASS LNG Brass 14 16 KB EKU UBIT 63 17 IKIKE ABANG 7 KD 67 River 64 NSIKO S USARI 18 Pennington Sengana 62 KINIUN KAPPA 1 66 INIM 60 61 OKUBIE 6 ENANG Terminal Ima 5 34 35 EKOM 56 UTUE 2 HA 4 33 36 59 FPSO 55 KL Bonny 3 Terminal 29 AMENAM E HM KNOCK EDOP 37 53 54 57 HB FPSO 58 OGGS HD AMENAM 38 EBOK ADOON ADUA ASABO 32 Terminal JK OFON 41 EKPE W (GTS-3) MADU HP 31 40 39 EKPE 28 26 UGE HOBOBO EKEPKEP 24 KI 52 30 42 25 27 UFAN MOPU VEER 51 KI S ATO N Brass River 0m 22 23 FSO UNITY 43 50 OKONO 48 49 PREM & FSO YOHO Terminal 44 VIRINI PREM FPSO NWANA FPSO 19 20 ODUDU 45 EMEM AGBARA SENDJE 21 OKUK PEGI FALCON IME 47 BALA SHOKOLOKO BERGE UKPEME 46 ORSO FPSO AFIA ANYALA UTIP OFRIMA N FPSO ASHA MYSTRAS OKPOHO UDEME HJ S AWAWA ARAN HI OKWORI NOA NKARIKA ABAJINKELU UGBOKO 20 OFRIMA UTINE ASANGA OKOLO 0m NDA EKANGA FPSO TORIYE 40 ODUM UDELE 0 UDELE W ADAKA m OKPOK 1

40

20

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

PS EL ASP

Onshore

Niger Delta

0m

0m

20

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

2

OPL 318

KNOC

00

0m

OPL 324

OPL 320 Oranto Petroleum OPL 322 Dajo Oil

30

0m

0

OPL 344

OPL 343

OPL 253

OPL 251 DSV Petroleum

OPL 254

OPL 252 INC Natural Resources

OPL 346

OPL 262

OPL 264

0 Miles OPL 265

0m

OPL 345

OPL 243

OPL 244

OPL 291

Eni

50 OPL 266

OPL 267

OML 63 Eni

OML 83 First E&P

OPL 256 China Sonangol

OPL 245 Eni

OML 128 Equinor

Asaba

Onitsha

IMO Owerri

OML 146 Sterling Oil

OML 53 Seplat

OML 124 Addax (Sinopec)

OML 129 Equinor

OPL 257 ConOil

OPL 297

OML 135 Shell

OML 25 Shell

OPL 2006 Sterling Oil

OML 74 Shell

3

OML 52 Amni

Bonny

Eurafric Energy Prime Energy

OML 11 Shell

Millennium Oil & Gas

OPL 234 Moni Pulo

ExxonMobil

OML 119 NPDC

OML 138 ExxonMobil

OPL 258 Yorkshire Energy World NIGERIA Ð STP JOINT DEVELOPMENT ZONE 4 5 Oranto Petroleum 1 2 Oranto Papis Petroleum

Ikot Abasi

OML 13 NPDC

OML 70 ExxonMobil

OML OML 100 102 Total Total

OPL 290 ConOil

Amni

20

00m

OML 114 Moni Pulo

40

0

0

30

60

Bioko

0m

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Miles

Kilometres

E Q U AT O R I A L GUINEA

20

0m

BIG HT OF BONNY

OML 115 Oriental Energy

OML 67 ExxonMobil

Associated Oil & Gas

Calabar

OML 123 Addax (Sinopec)

Newcross Petroleum

Qua Iboe

Frontier Oil

Oron

Universal Energy OPL 276

OPL 2008 Tenoil OML 68 ExxonMobil

Network E&P

Eket

AKWA IBOM

OPL 452 OPL 231 Amalgamated Oil Moni Pulo

OPL 236 Oando Energy Resources

CROSS RIVER

OPL 912

Oil mining licence [OML prefix]

EBONYI

Uyo

IkotEkpene

OML 71 West African E&P

OML 99 Total

OPL 911 OPL 913

OPL 235

OML 112 Amni

Green Energy

OML 51 Chevron

Aba

Umuahia

ABIA

OPL 910

Open block Oil prospecting licence [OPL prefix]

OML 104 OPL 2010 Global Energy ExxonMobil OPL 223 OML 139 ExxonMobil ExxonMobil

OPL 2009 Global Energy

OML 72 West African OML 117 Amni E&P

OPL 221

OML 126 Addax (Sinopec)

OPL 467

Del-Sigma Petroleum

OML 278 Oando

OML 130 Rel OPL 247

OML 131 Oando Energy Resources

OPL 295 Yorkshire Energy World

OML 130 Total

OML 18 Eroton E&P

Port Harcourt

OML 24 Newcross OML 55 BelemaOil

OML 23 Shell

All Grace Energy

OML 17 Shell

RIVERS

Delta E&P

OML 22 Shell Niger

Ahoada

Total

Walter Smith

OPL 2004

OML 21 Sterling Oil OML 58 Shell

ENUGU

Awka

OPL 228 Sahara Energy Fields

OML 20 Shell

OML 61 Eni

OPL 2012 Sigmund Oilfield

OML 144 Sunlink

OPL 225

Brass River

OML 66 NPDC

OML 29 Aiteo Eastern E&P

OPL 2005 Sterling Oil

Yenagoa

OML 28 Shell

OML 116 Eni

OML 141 Emerald OML 77 Shell

OML 33 Shell

un OML 32 Shell

OML 31 Shell

dos rca

OML 27 Shell

OML 137 OPL 226 Addax (Sinopec) OPL 292 Essar (ShoreCan) INC Natural OPL 293 OPL 294 Resources Oranto Petroleum

OML 86 Chevron

OML 61 Eni

OML 26 NPDC

OML 60 Eni

Sterling Oil

OPL 283/B Newcross Swift Petroleum Oil OML 143

OML 149 Eni

N I G E R I A

B AY E L S A

OPL 233 Nigdel United

OML 59 ConOil

OPL 288

OML 85 First E&P

OPL 289 Cleanwaters

Movido E&P

OPL Goland OPL 471 Petroleum 263 CNPC

OML 88 Chevron

OML 36 Shell

OML 63 Eni

OML 35 Shell

Newcross Petroleum

Swift Oil

Midwestern O&G Energia Independent Energy Pillar Oil

D E LTA

OML 30 NPDC

OPL 283/A Newcross Petroleum

OML 65 NPDC

Warri

OML 34 NPDC

Ramos

Bayelsa Oil

Excel E&P

OML 46 Shell

OPL 282 Eni

Aladja

OML 127 Chevron

G U I N E A

OPL 215 Total

OPL 260

OPL 227 Express Petroleum

OPL 287

James Bay

OML 45 OPL 281 Shell BrittaniaForcados Transcorp U OML 62 Sogenal

OML 64 NPDC

Sapele OML 38 Seplat

OML 4 Seplat

OPL 275 Pan Ocean Oil

OPL 908

0m

OPL 261

OPL 273

OPL OPL OPL OPL OPL 268 269 270 271 272

Deepwater blocks

OPL 267

OPL OPL OPL OPL OPL OPL OPL 345 346 261 262 264 265 266

00

OML 128 OML 129 OML 135 OML 131 OPL 221 Oando Equinor Equinor Shell OPL 245 OPL 297 OML 130 OPL 247 Eni ExxonMobil Total OPL 256 2 OPL OPL 257 JDZ 258 OPL 259 0 Kilometres 100

OPL 255

OPL 242

O F

OML 145 ExxonMobil

OPL 286-DO BG

OML 122 Peak Petroleum

OML 41 Seplat OML 150 OML 42 ConOil Neconde Energy

Escravos

OML 98 PanOcean

OPL 907 Ager (Global Energy)

100

OPL OPL OPL OPL OPL OPL OPL OPL OPL 244 341 342 343 344 253 254 255 260

OPL 340

G U L F

OPL 2011

OML 132 Chevron

OPL 285 Total

OML 109 Atlas Petroleum

OML 90 Chevron

Atlas Petroleum

OML OML 79 136 Shell ConOil

OML 89 Chevron

OML 91 Chevron

OML 43 Shell

OML 40 Elcrest E&P OML 49 Chevron

OML 111 NPDC

OML 142 OML 96 Summit Oil Dubri Oil

OPL 917 Ager (Global Energy)

CAMEROON

OPL 339

OPL 326 NorthSouth Petroleum

OPL 250

OML 140 Chevron

OML 118 Shell

OML 134 Eni

OPL 239 Moni Pulo

OPL 240 BOC

OML 108 Sepcol

OPL 274 Sahara Energy Fields

Sahara Energy Fields

Guarantee Petroleum

OML 103 ConOil

OML 95 Chevron

OPL 284 Sahara Energy Fields

OPL 279

OPL 248 Zebbra Energy

OML 121 Erin Energy

OML 110 Cavendish

OML 120 Erin Energy

OML 125 Eni

OML 133 ExxonMobil

BIGHT OF OPL B E N I N 323

0m

40

100

OPL 332

EDO

Abudu

Fo

Benin City

s Cros

N

ONDO

er Nig

OPL 241 OPL 454 Oilworld

Section

79

Equatorial Guinea, São Tomé and Príncipe

Open block

NIGER DELTA

Blocks awaiting PSCs

Exploration block

Appraisal/development block Oil field

FPSO ZAFIRO PRODUCER

ExxonMobil

20

0m

LNG liquefaction plant and export terminal

OREJA MARINA

ESTRELLA DE MAR

Riaba

EG-13

EG-27 Lukoil EG-15

EG-17

EG-16 15 00

EG-02 Atlas Petroleum

m

T

EG-22

B I G H T

R EG-05

B O N N Y

ULTRA D E E P W A T E RA

I

Miles

60

EG-18 Africa Oil Corporation

200

BLOCK H Atlas Petroleum

BLOCK P GEPetrol EG-19 Vaalco Energy

EG-10

L

30 100

O F

O

0m 10 0

Kilometres

0 Miles

EG-09 Noble Energy

VISCATA

m

0

Kilometres

1 RIABA 2 RODO 3 ESTRELLA 4 TSAVORITA 5 BOCOCO 6 AMBAR 7 ESTAUROLITA 8 CORONA 9 AGATE 10 TURMALINA 11 EBANO 12 OKUME 13 OVENG 14 AKOM 15 ABANG 16 ELON

YOLANDA

BLOCK I

EG-14

G U L F O F G U I N E A

0

ASENG

Noble Energy

EG-25

FORTUNA

NIGERIA Ð STP JOINT DEVELOPMENT ZONE

0

FPSO ASENG

FELICITA

DIEGA

CARLA

A

00

ALEN

CONDENSATE PIPELINE

Luba

EG-30

CAMEROON DOUALA aga San BASIN

U

20

0m

FUTURE EGLNG 2?

TONEL

LYKOS 150

EG-08

Bioko

Q

SILENUS E

BLOCK B ExxonMobil

EG-11 ExxonMobil

MALABO

E

1000m

LNG regasification plant and import EG-06 terminal

LANGOSTA

EGLNG

B/4

E Ex G-0 xo 6 nM ob il

Oil tanker terminal

Punta Europa

RE

500 m

Gas processing plant

B/2

FUTURE?

EG-07

EG-12

TU

ESMERALDA

ALBA

Marathon Oil 8 BLOCK D 9 GARDENIA

FU

Gas/condensate pipeline Oil refinery

BLOCK Z RoyalGate Energy

TOPACIO

1

2

TE SA

Oil pipeline

EG-23 10 WalterSmith, Hawtai 7 Energy

ZAFIRO

FPSO SERPENTINA

Gas/condensate field

B/1

5

EN ND CO

NIGERIA

Producing area

3

4

6

Bioko Oranto Petroleum

NIGERIA

Papis LEMBA

GULF OF GUINEA

9

11

10

NIGERIA Ð STP JOINT DEVELOPMENT ZONE 7

19 18

BOMU

OBO

12 3 KINA 4 78 6

5

E Q U A T. GUINEA

8 Pr’ncipe

4 ERHC Energy

EG-A1 16

9

10

S Ì O T O M ƒ BP, Kosmos & PRêNCIPE 14 S‹o TomŽ

POD

EG-21 Kosmos Energy

U

3 Oranto Petroleum

RIO MUNI BASIN

I

Trident Energy

6 Kosmos, 11 Galp Kosmos Energy

CEIBA

SÌO TOMƒ

BLOCK S Kosmos Energy

13 12 BP, Kosmos Kosmos Energy

EG-A2

G

BLOCK W Kosmos Energy

5 Kosmos Energy

15 17

EG-24 Kosmos Energy

2

Total

1

EG-03 Vaalco Energy

Vaalco Energy

EG-28 GEPetrol

EG-04 Vaalco Energy

N

11 14 OKUME 12 13 15 16

Mbini

EG-01 G3 Oleo e Gas

G-13

EG-26

Cogo

Akonikien Elobey Grande Co r Corisco i s c o Ba

GABON

(Eq. Guinea)

y

GABON FPSO: floating production, storage and offloading © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

200m

50 0m

m 00

10

m

00 15

00

m

Mbane

20

AT LAN T IC OC E AN

A

FPSO SENDJE CEIBA

FUTURE?

EG-A4

E

R’o Muni

EG-29

Annob—n

EG-A3

Bata

2018 Production Proved reserves

Oil 190,000 b/d 1.1bn bbls

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2019

80

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Gabon BC4

EQUATORIAL GUINEA

Elobey Gra

200m

IGOUMOU MARIN

E2 NORD

5 00 m

LIBREVILLE IGUEGA

A3 BC3

BC4

DEF3 F3 Eni

Kango AB6

Cap Lopez

PortGentil

B12

AT L A N T I C

DIAMAN

G10-11

Oil pipeline

NYUWA Impact Oil & Gas

E13

Oil tanker terminal

B14

C14

OSULU Impact Oil & Gas

E14

LIKUALE Petronas

C15

D15

E15

DOUKOU DAK Noble Energy

D16

F16

30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45

ORINDI OMPOYI GOMBE S BAUDROIE N BAUDROIE MARINE OLENDE W MÕPOLUNIE GONELLE MANDAROS W GUIFETTE BARBIER SW ABLETTE W ABLETTE LOBA INGUESSI BATANGA Perenco Gabon 46 E OROVINYARE Perenco Gabon

RE PUBLIC OF CONGO

B

G10-11 MALEMBE Perenco

0

Km

0

Miles

HOURCQUIA

LUCINA LUCINA W TELLINA FPSO ETAMƒ HARPER MÕBYA PETRîLEO ETAMƒ SE Perenco NAUTIPA Vaalco MÕBYA N TCHIBALA N EBOURI

KALA MARIN G12-13 DUSSAFU/ RUCHE EXCLUSIVE EXPLOITATION AREA (EEA) BW Energy

20 10 BANIO Maurel & Prom

MÕBYA S MWENGUI GULF Perenco MAYUMBA H12-13 FSO MOUBENGA WALT WHITMAN RUCHE NE RUCHE

20

0m

m

0m

50

00

www.africa-energy.com/news-centre

FPSO BW ADOLO TORTUE

10

Keep up to date with news and analysis of market developments, project awards and political and governance issues.

00m

African Energy Newsletter

m

FPSO: floating production, storage and offloading FSO: floating storage and offloading Abandoned fields or where production has ceased are shown in upper and lower case

Niari

)

DEM. REP. OF CONGO Congo

AVOUMA, TCHIBALA S

20

100 50

15 NTCHENGUƒ 16 NtchenguŽ Ocean Total Gabon 17 MÕBega Total Gabon 18 Animba 19 Ozouri 20 MURENE MARINE 21 Doree 22 JULIENNE MARINE 23 MƒROU MARINE 24 MƒROU MARINE S 25 TORPILLE NE 26 PELICAN E 27 PELICAN 28 LOCHE E Perenco Gabon 29 TURNIX Perenco Gabon

G14

3000

Miles

20

TCHICUATE Marathon

E17

CD17

0 0m

Kilometres

0

45

go E16

40

0

30

1 AKONDO 2 BOURAWIRI, SAOZ 3 FRAMBOISE 4 ASSALA 5 PINGOUIN 6 CAP LOPEZ N 7 Cap Lopez S 8 Pointe Clairette 9 Port Gentil 10 PORT GENTIL OCEAN Total Gabon 11 PORT GENTIL S 12 ANGUILLE NE 13 DAUPHIN 14 GRAND ANGUILLE

OGUENDJO

BREME 38 MANDAROS 37 OGUENDJO Perenco 39 Perenco D7 BARBIER 44 Perenco ABLETTE MARINE 42 46 Stream Oil 40 41 43

(BRAZZAVILLE)

Gas pipeline Oil refinery

Miles

FERNAN VAZ

Gabon

NKEMBE Pura Vida Energy

B

F12 F13

C13

Oil field Gas/condensate field

Kilometres

0

NYANGA Maurel & Prom

E12

O C E A N

BC16

Production

0

NKOUENE

GRONDIN Perenco

C12

Open block Exploration

23

Mayumba

B13

AB15

Ozouri

(An

A14

CNR F11

19

ou

A13

DIABA Total Gabon

2018 Production Proved reserves

ANGOLA © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Oil 194,000 b/d 2bn bbls

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2019

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

CD5 D6

18

20

uil

A12

Olowi

C11

0m

LEOPARD

B11

N

NGONGUI Vaalco BENDE-MÕBASSOU Assala TOTOU II Assala Gamba GAMBA-IVINGA Assala MUTAMBAF10 MAYONAMI IRORU II Assala Assala BIGORNEAU

Perenco

E10

BCD10 Shell Gabon

A11

Assala

O

50

B

SettŽ Cama

m

A

00

D E OZIGO II

F

iŽ

G

NOMBO

A10

K

L RABI-KOUNGA H G Assala I NZ. Perenco NZIEMBOU II AIGLE MOUKOUTI Assala Gabon Perenco ƒCHIRA W NIUNGO Perenco AKOUM Perenco TCHATAMBA B NGOUI IGONGO Perenco S EKETAMBA KARI Maurel & Prom MOUNYOUNGA D9 E9 ATORA

PIRANHA

BC9 Shell Gabon

A9

OZ. J

D7

MANDAROS Perenco Gabon

oun

BC8

B8

GULF MUELA D OBA Perenco DE8 DE8-9 M

NKEMBE Pura Vida

B7

Ng

OmbouŽ A8

EZANGA Maurel & Prom

OMGW OMAL OMGB, OMKO ONAL OMOC NIEMBI Fougamou Maurel & Prom F7

ASSEWƒ C Perenco A B

21

AMBOUROUE

24 LIMANDE 25 Perenco TORPILLE 30 31 GOMBE MAR. 28 GIRELLE Total Gabon 26 GOMBE Perenco D6-7 OBANDO 27 29 Gabon Perenco 32 33 YARA S 34 BALISTE Total Gabon HYLIA VANNEAU 35 OLENDE AYOL B6 36 Total Gabon Perenco FSO GRONDIN-

10

DE7 E7

22

0m

REMBO KOTTO Perenco

MƒROU SARDINE Total Gabon

OCTOPUS

20

3000m

OGOOUƒ D E LTA A BASIN B7

A7

LambarŽnŽ

uŽ oo DEF6 Og

SE Perenco Gabon

SW

PAGEAU

OMTI

D6-7 D6 bis

NKOUENE 17

GR. ANGUILLE MARIN Total Gabon

la

AB6

ALOMBIE MÕBANGUE

DEF5

Illigoue MANDJI S

16

da

A6

CD5

Alewana

15

11

Simany

Ko

AB5

10

ANGUILLE

Perenco

GONGOUE, NÕTEMBENYONI

A5

8 9

12 13

2

Port-Gentil

7

14

WEZE Sino Gabon (Sinopec) 1

SOGARA

6

B6

SHAKTHI D4 D4-5 EF4 & F5 Oil India Eni Stream Oil Holdings KONZI Total Gabon REMBOUƒ MÕBOUMBA Gabon Oil Co. Gabon Oil Co.

CD4

Cap Lopez CAP LOPEZ CLAIRETTE Total Gabon

GR. ANGUILLE Total Gabon

OZOUMBELE

D3 Eni

NYONIE DEEP EKOUATA MARINE

A4

A

ROUSSETTE Setanta Energy ESPADON Petroplus

Owendo

CD3 GULF LIBREVILLE K

F2

AB5

E2 Eni

Mbane

CD3 1000m

00

m

AGALI Anadarko

20

nde Corisco

Cabin

A DAMIER Assala B KOULA Assala C TSENGUI (DINONGA LICENCE) Addax (Sinopec) D OBANGUƒ (DINONGA LICENCE) Addax (Sinopec) E MOKABOU, POMARIN F COUCAL Perenco Gabon G AUTOUR (IRONDOU LICENCE) Addax (Sinopec) H TOUCAN II Assala I ROBIN Assala J AVOCETTE Perenco Gabon K OZANGUE Perenco Gabon L GANGA Perenco Gabon M IKASSA KONGO Perenco Gabon

CD4

3

5 4

81

Republic of Congo

200

00

m 00

10

4

NIAMBI

m

m

Kouil

ou

GA B ON TIE-TJE

2

00 0m

Lac Tchimba

CONKOUATI MAYOMBE SNPC

VANDJI VANDJI

1 MWAFI 2 POALVOU W 3 POALVOU 4 IKALOU 5 IKALOU S 6 NÕKOUGNI 7 FOUKANDA 8 DJAMBALA 9 DJAMBALA S 10 YANGA 11 YANGA S 12 SENDJI 13 LIDONGO 14 POINTE INDIENNE MARINE

300 0m

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

LIDEKA E LOUSSIMA SW LOUSSIMA TCHIBOUELA TCHIBOUELA E LITANZI TCHIBELI NE TCHIBELI LIKOUFOU LIKOUFOU S NONGO NONGO N AWA PALOUKOU AWA PALOUKOU S MANZI MOVE NSOKO

NANGA IIA SNPC

CONKOUATI

R E PU B L I C O F C O N G O

MARINE MARINE XXV XXVI YOMBOMASSEKO 2 Perenco

MARINE XXIII

Kakamoeka

IKALOU II Eni

MARINE IIIA NewAge (African Global Energy)

(BRAZZAVILLE) NANGA IIB HOLMONI B SNPC RENDU- Wing Wah KAYO N

MARINE XXXIA Eni, NKALA Lukoil Eni

N Madingo-Kayes KAYO YOUBI Wing Wah MASSEKO NANGA III Eni NANGA I FPSO Eni Total 1 LA NOUMBI YOMBO Eni LOANGO MBOUNDI Anglo African 2 HOLMONI A 3 ZATCHI Oil & Gas NƒNƒ MWAFI II Wing Wah Eni (AAOG) MARINE VIbis Eni 4 Eni ZINGALI MARINE NKALA NƒNƒ- TILAPIA RENDU-KAYO N LIKALALA 5 XXXIB BANGA KOMBI LIKALALAEni Diosso POINTE INDIENNE Perenco MINSALA MARINE LIBONDO XXIXB LITCHENDJILI Africa Oil & Gas (AOGC) LIBONDO Eni KOUAKOUALA Eni Perenco HINDA LOUBANA 14 MENGO-KUNDJI6 Eni Mercuria CORAF MARINE BINDI (MKB) LOUFIKA- LOUFIKA MARINE 7 13 SNPC TIONI XIII XXIV MARINE IIIB MENGO Eni YANGA-SENDJI LIDONGO BINDI Eni Philia SA NewAge Eni, Lukoil 10 Total Mercuria MARINE XXIXA 8 12 VIODO 11 KUNDJI DOUK Mercuria TCHINIAMBI DAKA RENDU9 Pelfaco LIDEKA Mercuria KOGA KAYO S DJAMBALA II DjŽno VIODO SOUNDA BANGA KAYO Eni TCHIBOUELA II KITINA 15 17 KAYO S Wing Wah Perenco Wing KITINA II PNGFbis 18 Wah Eni Total 16 19 Congorep RENDUKITINA S 20 KAYO S 21 TCHENDO TCHIBELIEMERAUDE LITANZI II 22 Perenco . Perenco D MARINE XXVIIIA N Perenco HAUTE CO MARINE 26 MER B XXVII 23 25 Perenco 24 28 27 MOHO N TITANE 29 AWA PALOUKOU II Eni LIKOUALA LIKOUF MARINE XXVIIIB Perenco FPU MOHOBOUATOU Congorep BILONDO 30 NKOSSA Total

PointeNoire

MARINE XX Total

1000

m

LIBONOLO ELEPHANT FUTURE FPSO?

0m

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

400

C.A.R.

IL

LE

CAMEROON

AV

Total PEGASE N

0

Miles

60 40

Abandoned fields or where production has ceased are shown in upper and lower case FLNG: floating liquefied natural gas FPSO: floating production, storage and offloading FPU: floating production unit © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Oil pipeline future?

Mossendjo

FUTURE PRODUCTS PIPELINE?

Gas/condensate pipeline future? Oil refinery Oil tanker terminal

Sibiti Dolisie

1.6bn bbls

TE

ET

E VE CU

i

Lac NGOKI Ntomba

LA Gamboma

F im

i

Lac MaiNdombe

KOBA

Kasa

•

Maloukou TrŽchot

go on

Oil 333,000 b/d

Ruk

ANGOLA

D E M O C R AT I C REPUBLIC OF CONGO ango Kw

2018 Production Proved reserves

o

BRAZZAVILLE

BA S S IN Pointe-Noire Cabinda C ï T IE R (Angola)

Impfondo

SociŽtŽ Africaine de Recherche PŽtrolire et Distribution (SARPD-Oil), Petroleum Exploration & Production Africa (Pepa)

MBOLOKO

LoutŽtŽ

C

Kilometres

REPUB

Gas/condensate field 0

Oyo

DE

Oil field

NGK001

NTSINGA MBESSE

A

LIC

Exploitation licence

UV

O

NG CO

Exploration licence

Owando

LT

3000m

OF

Block under negotiation

GABON

MBOTO

DE

Open block

ngha Sa

MARINE XXII

NGOLO Eni

MOPONGO Divine Inspiration Group (DIG Oil)

(C

Ouesso

LEDA

MOKELEMBEMBE Total

ZZ

E Q U AT. GUINEA

(B

MARTE

RA

MER TRéS PROFOND S Total

KOLI Total

200

Ubangi

ANDROMEDE Total

AURIGE FUTURE FPSO? ANDROMEDE

Co ng

m

Total

D.R.C.

20

00

ANGOLA-CONGO JOINT EXTRACTION ZONE Chevron

CASSIOPƒE PERSEE Total

(Angola)

NSOKO Total

400 m

20 Azurite

MARINE XIX

31

BENGUELA-BELIZELOBITO-TOMBOCO (BBLT) PLATFORM

LIANZI

MARINE XXI

Total

)

TURQUOISE

FPU

MOHOBILONDO

IN)

O C E A N

HAUTE MER A CNOOC

TT

A T L A N T I C

Cabinda

BAS

MARINE XXX

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2019

82

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Democratic Republic of Congo

Open block

Kilometres

Oil pipeline

0

Miles

Bom

SUDUBANGI

10

go

Co ngo

16

Kasa •

PROPOSED MUANDAMATADI OIL PIPELINE

Idiofa

SANKURU

Kolwezi

sai

6

7 8

Lake Tanganyika 9

UPEMBA Kamina B A S I N

Pweto Lake Mweru

Lu

H A U TK ATA N G A

Likasi

as

Lubumbashi

L. Bangweulu

h

am

LOTSHI EnerGulf

Ndola Lu an

Lu ng Bu uŽng o

be

sh

i

gw

a

ZA MB I A

C

NDUNDA

o nd ua

16 17 YEMA 12 14 Surestream 11 13 MATAMBA15 OFFSHORE 2 10 LIAWENDA- 18 MAKANZI Muanda 3 KINKASI 1 Surestream International 8 9 Perenco 19 Oil Co. (MIOC) KALAMU 4 Muanda CLOSED (Perenco) 6 7 20 Muanda 5 Banana MUANDATerminal BANANA Perenco ANGOLA-DRC go COMMON INTEREST Con Soyo ZONE (ZIC) E MIBALE Perenco

5

Kalemie

H A U T- L O M A M I

ezi mb Za

MIBALE E MIBALE NSIAMFUMU LIAWENDA KINKASI YMM LINDU MAKELEKESE MUANDA KIFUKU

TANGANYIKA GRABEN

TA N G A N Y I K A

Kaniama Lubilanji

Chicapa

ATLAN TIC OC EAN 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

TA N Z A N I A

FUTURE PRODUCTS PIPELINE?

BASSIN CïTIER I.

ATLANTIC OCEAN

a kug Lu

(Angola)

1 MOKO 2 LUKAMI 3 MOTOBA 4 GCO 5 GCO S 6 TSHIALA 7 LIBWA 8 LUBI 9 MISATO 10 MWAMBE

BURUNDI

Lu v

LAULABA

C ab i nd a

RWAN DA

3 4

Kongolo

LOMAMI

C

Kagera

ua

MAVUMA

Lake Victoria

2

Bukama

NGANZI

1

Uvira

Lu ala Kasongo ba

40 20

SUD-KIVU

20

a fir

Miles

21

ango

0

Cu

B

Kilometres

LAKE KIVU Bukavu

Kibombo

Kananga KASAì-OR. Kabinda Mbuji-Mayi Gandajika Tshikapa

KWANGO

A NG O L A

AGoma

Lo

Mwene-Ditu

0

Kindu

19

KASAìCENTRAL

KAS Aì

o

B

13

KWILU

Kikwit

L. Edward

NORD-KIVU

i am m

Matadi

9

Ilebo

Kenge

U GAN DA

V

C E N T R A L E Sankuru

Efora Energy, DIG Oil

IV

12

apa

18

17

Bandundu

Kwang

Muanda

RAL

on

ha ang

Ž ou go 22B

KINSHASA Boma

11

14

KINSHASA

GO C ENT

10

Lake Albert Oil of DRCongo (Fleurette)

II

III

Butembo

L. MaiNdombe

i 22A Fim

ITURI

Kisangani

Inongo

15

Cabinda (Angola)

8 DIG Oil

2 LOKORO Comico

MUANDAKINSHASA PRODUCTS PIPELINE

Tshu

Itu ri

TSHOPO 6

T S H U A PA

Boende

ALBERTINE GRABEN I Bunia

i

D E M O C R A T I C R E P U B L I C MAI-NDOMBE O F C O N G O MAN IEMA

Bolobo

KON

7

Ruk 3 BUSIRA i Comico 1 MBANDAKA Comico

24 DIG Oil

Niari

A

im ru w

C U V E T T E

Mbandaka

(BRAZZAVILLE)

O

C

5

ƒ Q U AT E U R

Isiro

Bumba

Lisala

MONGALA

4

REPUBLIC OF CONGO

H A U T- U ƒ L ƒ

Buta

23 Divine Inspiration Group (DIG Oil)

S

Kibali

UŽlŽ

BAS-UƒLƒ

C

20

A lb er N ile t

NORDUBANGI

Gemena

GABON

u

Gbadolite

Idjwi

0 Miles

ile

Uba ng i

0 Km

S O UT H S UDA N

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

Kibuye

E1

400 200

Gas pipeline

DA

LAKE KIVU

E

0

eN

AN

D

Oil tanker terminal

Oil field

hit

RW

C

Gisenyi

W

B A

Oil refinery

Licensed block

Luapu la

Goma

Luala ba

A

teba Ma de

ANGOLA

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Comico: Compagnie Minire Congolaise e S.P.R.L. Kafu © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

MOZAMBIQUE bezi Zam

Lago de Cahora Bassa

ZIMBABWE

African Energy Newsletter Keep up to date with news and analysis of market developments, project awards and political and governance issues. www.africa-energy.com/news-centre

83

Sudan, South Sudan

Halaib Triangle

E BLOCK 13

Bir Tawil

Wadi Halfa

D

BLOCK 14

BLOCK 12

BLOCK 16 Halaib

Lake Nasser

R

EG Y P T

L I B YA

A S E

Dilling

BLOCK 17 Sharif

El Fula GREAT MOGA

KEYI

BLOCK 6 PEOC

BLOCK 22 GREAT FULA

El Muglad

Km

0

Miles

Kadugli

NEEM

NAHA

SHOKA

0

BLOCK 4 GNPOC

A Bahr el rab (Kiir)

4

DIFFRA

3

8 Pariang

7

A1

9 12 10 13 11 14 15

SP

BLOCK 5A SPOC

re

h

Kuajok

al

BLOCK E2 Star Petroleum

l Gh Leer az

S

17

Bahr el Je

Ba

Gogrial

E LIN PE PI

Jur

OC

fields

Aweil

U

?

BASHEYER TERMINAL

Suakin

BLOCK 15

PETRODAR (PDOC) C PO GN

Merowe BLOCK 9

Haiya FUTURE PRODUCTS PIPELINE?

Atbara Ed Damer At

ra ba

BLOCK 1, 2, 4 Unity Bentiu GPOC 16 State

BLOCK E1

D E SE UR LO UT F

Port Sudan

le Ni

1 BAMBOO, BAMBOO W 2 TAIYIB Dongola 3 HEGLIG, LALOBA 4 GARAAD 5 BARKI-HAMRA, KANGA 6 EL FULL, TOMA 7 TOMA S, WIZEEN 8 EL TOOR 9 EL NAR 10 EL HARR BLOCK 11 11 UNITY 12 UMM SAGURA, UMM SAGURA E 13 KHOR BWOW, MUNGA 14 KHAIRAT NE, TALIH 15 KHAIRAT 16 MALA 17 THAR JATH

A4 6

5

Heglig

Abyei

BLOCK A3

1 2

BLOCK 2AE

C

BLOCK 18

BLOCK 2A GNPOC BLOCK 2B 2B Opco (Sudapet)

FUTURE?

BLOCK 17 Sharif

100 50

D

5B

A

N

BLOCK 10

ERITREA

KRC

Omdurman

North Khartoum

KHARTOUM

Kassala

be

CONCORP (CLOSED)

l

BLOCK 19

Wad Medani

BLOCK 24

BLOCK 8

PE

CHAD

TR

PI PE LIN E

C PO GN

L

U

L

T

A

Malakal

BLOCK B3 Oranto Petroleum

Kilometres

0

Miles

Oil, 2018 Production Proved reserves

400

Torit

Ilemi Triangle

? RE

0

Gas processing plant Oil tanker terminal

?

D E M O C R AT I C REPUBLIC OF CONGO

JUBA

BLOCK B2 Strategic Fuel Fund

RE TU FU

Yambio

Bor Ramciel

Pibor

TU FU

u omo

Products pipeline Oil refinery

Lokichokio

KENYA

Nimule

UGANDA

200

TO MOMBASA?

Sudan

South Sudan

100,000 b/d

131,000 b/d

1.5bn bbls

3.5bn bbls

Omo

S U D A N

Sue

Mb

Gas pipeline BLOCK B1

White Nile

BLOCK A6 Zaver Petroleum Gulf Ltd

Oil pipeline

r bo Pi

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC

BLOCK 5B ASOC

N

Rumbek

at

S O U T H

Oil field

Baro

I

BLOCK E2 Star Petroleum

Open block Licensed block

S

ASOC: Ascom Sudd Operating Co. DPOC: Dar Petroleum Operating Co. GPOC: Greater Pioneer Operating Co. SPOC: Sudd Petroleum Operating Co.

N S I

Wau

TO DJIBOUTI?

BLOCK A7

A

A

BLOCK A5

BLOCK 3&7 DPOC

So b

B

B

GNPOC: Greater Nile Petroleum Operating Co. PEOC: Petro-Energy Operating Co.

BLOCK A1

Jonglei C (unfinishe anal d)

D Jur

Abay (Blue N ile)

FUTURE?

Bentiu

Sudan:

ET HI O P I A

PALOICH, MOLETA

U

G

) BLOCK E1

25

GUMRI ADAR Upper YALE BLOCK BLOCK A2 Nile DC fields

Heglig

Abyei

PIPE LINE

25 Sudapet

ab hr el Ar (Kiir Ba

South Sudan:

White Nile

M

Lake Tana

Ed Damazin

FIELD

PEOC

E

SUF 6

Ed Daein

El Jeblein

BLOCK 25 Sudapet

BASIN

Dilling

HADIDA

BLOCK 21

ze

RAW AT

ile

E LIN

eN

CN

BLOCK 17 Sharif

PE PI

M

Nyala

PC

Kosti

Blu

En Nahud

Sennar

ELINE PIP

El Obeid

AR

BLOCK 23

Tek e

Gedaref

OD

El Fasher BLOCK 20

El Geneina

TO LAMU?

Lake Turkana

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

African Energy Newsletter Keep up to date with news and analysis of market developments, project awards and political and governance issues. www.africa-energy.com/news-centre

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2019

84

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti

Jeddah

Open block

ETHIOPIA

Oil field Gas field

R E D S E A

Port Sudan

Future oil pipeline?

Dorra

Obock

Future gas pipeline?

D JTadjourah IBOUTI

Future products pipeline?

DEFNIN

LNG liquefaction plant and export terminal

GULBUB

Nakfa

le a ba r At

S UDA N

AMBER

Mersa Gulbub

Farasan Is.

Keren

ZULA

Miles

80 40

Humera

Teke ze

At b

METEMA

Ed

ar

Mekele

a

Y AFAR

Debre Markos

Ni ue le) Bl y(

Nekemte

EN AD OF F L GU DJIBOUTI DJIBOUTI VILLE

Asayita h

ADIGALA

A CA RI AF O F IN E N L R PE Dire HO P I

Awash

Nazret

E T H I O P I A T

BASIN

B-5

B-13 SouthWest Energy

B-17 Poly-GCL

B-10 B-14 Delonex Delonex Energy Energy

F

O G A D E N

B A S I N

B-11 Poly-GCL

B-18

B-20 Poly-GCL

I

Ak ob

Energy B-9 SouthWest Energy

B-1

Bilate

Jimma

S omal i l and

B-9A

Harer SouthWest

Dawa

AB8

ADDIS ABABA BaroGambela Metu GAMBELA SouthWest GAMBE LA Energy

FUTURE?

L. AbbŽ

NewAge (African B A S I N Global Energy)

ABAY ( B L U E N I L E ) AB7 BASIN AB9

Aden

FUTURE?

E

Dese AB4

V

A ba

AB5

Assab

L

ile

Bahir Dar AB6

AB1

AFAR REGIONAL STATE BLOCK GPB Ethiopia (Gazprom)

L

eN

Lalibela

AB3 AB2

Guba

Asosa

Maychew

Lake Tana

CLOSED

GREATER AFAR

as

Blu

Gonder

ASSAB

BEILUL

MEKELE BASIN

METEMA BASIN

Y E M E N

Mersa E R I Fatma TIO T R Mendefera NORTH E GELALO WEST A Adwa AFAR Adigrat

OM HAJAR

Om o

Goba

Awasa

R

G

N

BA

SI

N SI

B-3 Poly-GCL

HI

R

BA

Arba Minch Negele

T

Dawa

EL KURAN

K E N Y A

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

B-12 Poly-GCL

B-4 Poly-GCL

B-21

CALUB

B-16 Poly-GCL S be

B-19

lle

B-8 NewAge (African Global Energy)

S O M A L I A

Moyale

E

R

e

Dolo Odo

G

Turkwel

Lake Turkana

B-7

Segen

A

CH

EW

BA

OMO

Genal

Gode HILALA

B-15 Poly-GCL

he

OMO

tro es

RIFT BASIN

B-6

B-2

Juba

o

WEST OMO BASIN

Ilemi Triangle

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Kilometres

0

DHUNISHUB

ASMARA

UGANDA

0

Massawa

Teseney Barentu

SOUTH SUDAN

GULF OF ADEN

Dahlak Archipelago DAHLAK

Aw

Ni

300 150

m

Miles

GUBAN BASIN Dikhil

So

Kilometres

0

Lake AbbŽ

Mersa Teklay

DJIBOUTI VILLE

Arta BLOCK 1 Damerjog Ghoubbet-el- Oyster FUTURE? Oil & Gas Kharab

nd

Oil tanker terminal

FUTURE?

Golfe de Tadjourah

L. Assal

BLOCK 4 Oyster Oil & Gas

ila

BAHRI

al

Oil refinery

0

YEMEN Perim I. BLOCK 2 A lOyster Oil & Gas M an dab Khor BLOCK 3 Angar Oyster Oil & Gas b

Licensed block

ERITREA

Ba

SAUDI ARABIA

Block under negotiation

e Sh

l le be

INDIAN OCEAN

85

Somalia

R ED SEA

E

Y EMEN

R

IT R

E A B ab

A l - Ma

L F G U

n d ab

DJIBOUTI

N A D E

(YEMEN) Cape Alula

Alula

ash Aw

O F

ard a fu i Chan Cape nel Caseyr

Al-Ikhwan (The Brothers)

Bosaso SL-12 RAK Gas

DH

Erigavo Area disputed

SANAAG

T L A N D P U N

SL-9 Berbera RAK Gas WOQOOYI GALBEED

AWDAL Baki Borama

Gu

Qandala

Zeila (Saylac)

L. AbbŽ

Socotra

Abd Al-Kuri

between Puntland and S O M A L SL-18 DNO Burao I L Internat. Somaliland ODEWAYNE SL-10b & SL-13 A N Genel Energy Genel Energy SOOL TOGDHEER D

Hargeisa

N U G A A L

SL-14 Ansan Wikfs

Las Anod SL-19 Ansan Wikfs

E T H I O P I A

ARO

OR BASIN

Cape Hafun

Hafun

B ARI Bayla

Qardho

M-5 Pecten

B A

S Garowe I N NUGAAL

NORTH MUDUG CNOOC exploration rights area

Eyl

Jariban M-4 Pecten

Galkayo

MUDUG

Gal m udug Sha be lle

Dhusa Mareb

G

129

ale en

Da

Hobyo

S O M A L I A

w

GALGU DUUD

Beledweyne

BAKO OL a

Luuq

J u b a l a n d

BAY

12 Amoco Jowhar 09 Amoco

142

143

a

LOWER SHABELLE

MIDDLE JUBA Buaale

Sh a

Afmadow

Kismayo

06 Amoco

lle be

189

190

204

205

206

220

221

153

164

165

166

I N D I A N O C E A N

MOGADISHU

M-7 Pecten

191

152

M-6 Pecten

BANAADIR

Merca

Jub

K E N Y A

MIDDLE SHABELLE

South West

Bardera

LOWER JUBA

141

Hirshabelle Baidoa

Garbahaareey

GEDO

Harardhere M-3 Pecten

HIRAN

Hudur

131

130

192

177

178

179

AMSAS-CORIOLEAFGOYE (ACA) Amsas Consulting

Baajun Is.

218

219

Blocks offered in 2019 licensing round Disputed maritime area awaiting ICJ arbitration

Areas under application by Soma Oil & Gas Somalia legacy concessions (operators as indicated, under force majeur) Somaliland (SL-) licensed blocks (operators as indicated)

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

86

Pecten: Shell Ð ExxonMobil joint venture

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

300 150

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Angola

00

00

1

m 00 30

20

m

REP. OF

0m

CONGO

CABINDA N Eni

Cabinda

Co

(Ang.)

D E M. R E P. OF CONGO

Malongo

Cabinda ULTRA DEEP WATER

46

CON2

ALNG

CON8 CON9

CON10

Nzeto 4/05 Sonangol

Ambriz

Block under negotiation

37

Licenced block Oil field 38

Gas/condensate field

39

LNG liquefaction plant and export terminal Kilometres

0

Miles

200

7 14

GOLFINHO MAVINGA CAMEIA BICUAR

100

15

Dondo

16 17 KON 12 KON11 18 KON13 KON14 KON15 KON16 KON17 KON18

19

BASIN

8 20 KON19

KON20

KON21 KON22

Porto Amboim

23 Sonangol 24

9

KON23

DENDEN

Sumbe

10

Gabela

KATAMBI SEMBA

25

FUTURE SONAREF?

Lobito

Benguela

U

E

26

ATLANTIC OCEAN

KON10

KON9

KWANZA

AZUL

40

41

We are focused on producing meetings that create enduring dialogues between development finance institutions, other established investment sources and nontraditional investors including, private equity firms, venture capitalists, family offices, foundations, institutional investors and impact investors

KON8

KON4

LONTRA ZALOPHUS

N S I B A

0

KON2, KON4, KON11, KON12: Sonangol

7 KON6 KON7 8 KON5 K 12 wa 13 n

10 11

OMOSI 21/09 Total 22

Oil refinery Oil tanker terminal

ORCA

6

5

za

Open block

Caxito

KON1 KON3

4 KON2

6

20/11 Total

20/15 Sonangol

3

LUANDA9

A N Z K W A

Our meetings pair the extensive regional expertise and source network of Cross-border Information (CbI)’s African Energy with a seasoned events team experienced in producing high-level investment forums and dialogues across the African continent.

1 2

6/15 ANPG CEGONHA

IN

36

R E O F F S H O

A unique perspective

As a consultant, rather than a traditional conference or events producer, we have a unique perspective when it comes to understanding the themes and topics that provide the foundations for a vibrant agenda and the mix of project stakeholders required to create lively and engaging panel-led discussions.

35

ULTRA DEEP WATER

5/06 Sonangol

18/15 Sonangol 19

LA

50

34

BAS

33

Mbanza MUBAFO Congo PAKUBALU MUAMBA Luanda Cacuaco, Mulenvos N 6 Mulenvos S 7 ZANGO 8 Legua, Quenguela N QUENGUELA 9 Bento 10 Benfica 11 UACONGO 12 QUENGUELA S 13 BOM JESUS 14 PUACA 15 CACIMBAS 16 Tobias 17 Galinda 18 PITCHI 19 LONGA 1959 20 BAMVA 1 2 3 4 5

CON4 CON5 Sonangol CON7

LOW E R C ON GO B ASI N

48 Total

N—qui

CON3

Soyo

see page 88

47

ng o

11

42 27 Sonangol

(35% interest)

BE

N

G

ANGOLA

43

Bespoke events

IN BAS

MIB

12

T™mbwa

0m

30 ExxonMobil

Abandoned fields or where production has ceased are shown in upper and lower case © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com) e n e n Cu

100

0m

45 ExxonMobil

29 Total

NA

44 ExxonMobil

Lubango

Namibe E

FUTURE?

200

Bruno Coburn Director T: +44 1424 721 667 E: [email protected] W: africa-investment-exchange.com

28 Eni

3000m

As well as our own events we can create tailored events for clients. Our unique service includes full event management from detailed agenda planning and development through to both pre- and post-event press campaigns, briefing papers and event write-ups.

13

NAMIBIA

Meetings

2018 Production Proved reserves

Oil 1.53m b/d 8.4bn bbls

Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2019

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

87

Angola

40

ONSHORE CABINDA N Eni

REP. OF CONGO

0 m

00m

Block under negotiation

20

0m

10

Open block

DINGE

Exploration licence Production licence 0 Cabinda Gulf Oil Co. (Cabgoc) (Chevron)

Oil field Gas/condensate field NÕSANO

Oil pipeline future?

TAKULA Numbi NE NUMBI E NÕSANGUI LIFUA 60-8 54-1X 70-3X NUMBI Numbi N SE LOMBA 70-5X

Gas pipeline future?

Oil tanker terminal future? LNG liquefaction plant and export terminal Kilometres

0

Miles

MALANGE LANDANA KOKONGO N

60

ANGOLA-CONGO LANDANA JOINT EXTRACTION ZONE Chevron TOMBUA

15/06 Eni AGOGO LEDA

TERRA

WEST

N

MPUNGI

FPSO NÕGOMA

HUB VANDUMBU

FPSO ARMADA OLOMBENDO

MONDO

FPSO MONDO

BAVUCA

FPSO PSVM

HUNGO KISSANJE SAXI RECO N 15 Esso RECO MARIMBA S MÕBULUMBUMBA 15/06 Eni MAVACOLA KAKOCHA AFOXƒ CLOCHAS Esso Angola (ExxonMobil)

PORTIA

47 TITANIA

CERES MIRANDA

15 Esso

FPSO

CORDELIA

HEBE

A T L A N T I C TEBE

48 Total

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

2/05 Somoil

Sereia GANDA PAMBO LUMEUNO LUANGO Muanda NÕZOMBO QUINFUQUENA QUIFUMA

N

GAROUPA 2/15 GAROUPA OUEST ANPG

3/15 ALCEGUNGA ANPG

BENGO

CENTRAL NE

CAPOROLO

G

3/05A Sonangol

MOSTARDA

FPSO CLOV

ANTURIO

LIRIO

Kiabo 4-24

4/31-1-3

CANNA

4-26-2 4-35-1

CALULU

FPSO GIRASSOL

GIRASSOL DALIA 1

DALIA 2 CAMELIA

4-55-1

PAZFLOR

FPSO PAZFLOR

18 BP CROMIO

18 BP

30

0

GREATER PLUTONIO

18/15 5/06 ANPG Sonangol 0m

FPSO GREATER PLUTONIO

PLUTONIO 18 BP

1

m

COBALTO CESIO TITANIO

PALADIO

400

2000m

ACACIA

GALIO

PLATINA

CHUMBO

00 0m

Abandoned fields or where production has ceased are shown in upper and lower case

ZINIA

FPSO DALIA

34

50

FPSO GIMBOA

HORTENSIA

20

MANGANES

0m

PERPETUA GIMBOA

TULIPA JASMIM

SUMATE

88

Nunce S

CAAMA CACO

ORQUIDEA

CRAVO

MUZONGUE

FPSO: floating production, storage and offloading

A

4/05 Sonangol

Kiame

17 Total BEGONIA

VIOLETA

ROSA

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

L

OOMBO

GARDENIA

CLOV 17 Total

FPSO KAOMBO SUL

CON6

CABECA DE COBRA

COBO VEADO

17/06 CANELA Total

GENGIBRE

33

FST Somoil

CON8

IMPALA SE

PAMBI

FPSO KAOMBO NORTE

SALSA

QUINGUILA

GAZELA Caama E PACASSA KUMA Caama C

DDK

CARIL

LOURO

CON4 Sonangol

IMPALA

COLA

49

5

PALANCA

BUFALO

FPSO

KAOMBO

FS Somoil

POLVO

PUNJA

GINDUNGO MANJERICAO

O

ATUM E

ATUM

COMINHOS

COLORAU

3

Sulele W Cavala Sulele LOMB Morsa W N OE LOMBO N SOLHA SULELE Calafate AIROGA S Tubarao PALANCA NE QUISSAMA CEFO GOLUNGO

ALCE

FPSO

ALHO

2

PRATA S

CUBAL

32 Total

CON1 CON2 ANGOLA LNG

Soyo 1

A

Congo

MUTAMBA

BOCO

CHISSONGA

PALAS

D E M O C R AT I C REPUBLIC OF CONGO

FS / FST Blocks:

ROBALO

ASTRAEA

OBERON

AMæNDOA

NOZ

ESSUNGO CONGRO S Quinfuquena 6 4 LUA 7 ETELE 1 ETELE TAMPA 2 3 4 SALMAO N 5 BAGRE 6 Estrela 10 8 78 Savelha 9 MALEVA 11 23 12 Albacore 22 17 2 13 18 ALABOTE 21 MALEVA N QUILUMA QUILUMA ANPG 15 14 19 20 GAROUPA 16 N MABOQUEIRO

KALIMBA

O C E A N

JUNO

DIONE

Livuite Oil

Safueiro

LONGA

FPSO URANO

FPSO

SORGO

COCO

SAPESAPEIRO

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

ONSHORE CABINDA S Pluspetrol

121-5

BANANEIRA

Block 2:

LIRA

15/14 ANPG

TCHIHUMBA

16 Total

PITANGUEIRA

1 JAQUINZI 2 ENGUIA N 3 VELEIRO 4 RAIA N 5 Cuntala 6 Chopa 7 Raia 8 SABAO 9 Espadarte 10 ESPADARTE N 11 ENGUIA S 12 MAVANGA

SAXI-BATUQUE (KIZOMBA C)

FPSO KIZOMBA B

FPSO KIZOMBA A

PLUTÌO

CASTANHA

MÕBILI

NÕTENE

AGIDIGBO

OCHIGUFU Esso Angola SATURNO (ExxonMobil) VICANGO MONDO S CHOCALHO DIKANZA BATUQUE FPSO

VƒNUS

SANZAMO

1/14 Eni CABA‚A SE EAST HUB

N

NDUNGU

NZANZA CINGUVU

SANGOS NÕGOMA

PSVM

Cabinda

Kali

ANGOLA-DRC COMMON INTEREST ZONE (ZIC)

Xikomba

MARTE

136-2

UNDER

LIMBA

LIMBA SW

SANHA LPG FPSO Livuite Gas

14 Cabinda Gulf Oil Co. (Cabgoc) OLOMBENDO (Chevron)

FPSO

31 BP

Lifuma

105-2X 106-2X MAFUMEIRA

NÕKASSA

LUCAPA

61-1

MAFUMEIRA NÕDOLA SANHA MASSAMBALA S KAMBALA

MINZU

GABELA

Cabinda

aA Are ea B Ar

2000m

30

NEGAGE

46

79-3X

VANZA BENGUELA BELIZE LONGUI LOBITO BOMBOCO

LIANZI

61-4

MALONGO CONSTRUCITON W Malongo MALONGO MALONGO S KUNGULO

80-3X

KUITO

TOMBOCO

ONSHORE CABINDA C Eni

Landana

VUKO

NEMBA

Oil refinery

0

37-1

WAMBA BANZALA

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi

Albert

m Adju

Ach w

ani

a

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO

hu

ts

le Ni

ru

Ruhengeri

R WANDA

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ab

Ngali Mining

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N

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Lake ard Edw

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Kika

Ak

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RW

TA N

ge ra

a

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le

ag

gati

Ishas ha

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AN

BUJUMBURA

DA

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ZAN

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D

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TANZANIA Rutana

Bururi

DEM. REP. OF CONGO

Ruyigi

Canzuko

Makamba i

NG

A

A

lb

B

A

La ke

R

G

TA MPU

Nkon

ga

Karuzi

BURUNDI

B

D A N A U G

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Ruvubu

Bubanza

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N

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Muramvya

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Cibitoke

di Masin

AI TAIT

ba Butia

(Huye)

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AT I C OCR IC M E D UBL REP ONGO C OF ACO TUR

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Butare

ECT

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PLAY LLOW Y A SHAEEP PLA S S A D NG ASSA um & NG to Petrole Oran

10

8 9

P R OJ

Cyangugu

NyanzaLac

Lake Tanganyika

ga ra s

EC 1 LY BI EAST ALO) F 2 JO BI (BUF E) F 3 JO (GIRAF II R OG) 4 RTH PYO 5 M IRI (WA 6 NG NYA E 7 GU SAMEN 8 KA IRINDI A 9 W OGA S E 10 N IGOGOL 11 K GEGE N 2 A 1 GAR 13 N

A ILENG 6 7 1 T Total 1

Ak

Nyamagabe (Gikongoro)

u

5

Kibungo

(Gitarama)

Ruv ub

3 4

KIGALI

A ka

al i Kib

1 2 Total

go

Kibuye

Idjwi

KA OMU k02 loc 0 1 9_ B 2 _ 2 R ach L Pakw i Nebb

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Ny

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Lake Kivu

FUTURE PRODUCTS PIPELINE FROM KAMPALA?

Byumba

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Gisenyi

k 01 AVIVI 2019_Bloc LR2_

Kagera

Nyagatare

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Arua

UGANDA

Ish

Ni le

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Yei

TH

e

Ru

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© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

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AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

89

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AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

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AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

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2513A PEL 47 2514 PEL 59 Serica Energy Namibia Lekoil

PEL 81 2413B Sungu Sungu

2412B 2512B

2413A

2412A

A N G O L A PEL 38 1716 PEL 92 1717 PEL 93 1718 Hydrocarb Namibia Babecca Mel Oil & Gas Energy Corp. Business Links Exploration 1715

PEL 58 Nabirm Energy Services 2213 PEL 33 2214B 2214A 2215 ÔSharonÕ PEL 77 Eco Atlantic Rhino Resources

2113B

2014A

1914

1814B

1714A

ne

BASEMENT

2013A

1913B

1913A

1813

Cu 1714B

No

2711

2611

2511

2411

PEL 50 Eco Atlantic

2311A

1713

ne

PEL 44 FSRU Swakopmund Maurel FUTURE? & Prom Walvis Bay 2312 PEL 71 2313 PEL 45 2314Ab 2314Aa 2315 Enigma Oil & Maurel Gas (Chariot) & Prom

2211Aa 2211Bb 2211Ba 2212B

PEL 34 ÔGuyÕ 2211Ab Azinam 2212A

2111Bb 2111Ba 2112B

PEL 82 Galp Energia

W A L V I S 2112A SUB-BASIN

2111A

2310 2311B

2410

A T L A NT I C O CEA N

1910A

1811B

ne

Tower Resources 2010A PEL 29 2011A PEL94 2012A PEL 30 Global Global ÔCooperÕ Petroleum Petroleum Eco Atlantic 2011B 2010B PEL 43 2012B PEL 37 Oranto Tullow Petroleum

1910B

ExxonMobil

1811A

Ku

BASEME NT

1712

go

1810

1711

an

1809

1710

b Cu

1808

1709

nge

1722

do

1823

Strip

lop

o

e

Kilometres Miles

0 0

100

200

LNG regasification plant and import terminal

Oil tanker terminal

Oil refinery

Gas pipeline

Basin boundary

Production licence [PL prefix]

Exploration licence [PEL prefix]

Reconnaissance licence [RL prefix]

Open block

Mo

b ho

ezi

ZAMBIA mb

1724

Za

BOTSWANA

Okavango Delta

ivi C a p r 1723

PARK 1822

1721

an

u

Fish

C

C

1708

Namibia

00

m

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

3415

3416

Miles

0

150

300

3716

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

Kilometres

3616

3516

Rhino Oil

3717

3617

3718

3618

3719

SABLE

B

Vryburg

3722

3622

3623 3723

3526

ALGOA ExxonMobil 3527

E ALGOA Equinor 3427 3428 3528

3429 3529

East London

3725

3625

3726

3626

3627

3628

DJP: Durban Johannesburg Pipeline FSRU: floating storage and regasification unit NMPP: New Multi-Product Pipeline

3724

3624

ish

Port Elizabeth

Gt. F

3629

3431

Silver Wave Energy 400

BLOCK 9

F-AR, F-AD

PETROSA GAS-TOLIQUIDS 1 GAS, 1 CONDENSATE

0m

2735

3035

9

12

BRULPADDA

10 11

m

1000 m

2000m

BLOCK 11A PetroSA

00

m

60 0 Miles 30

0 Km

20

BLOCK 11B/12B Total

PLETMOS INSHORE Sungu Sungu (Black Eagle Oil)

SOUTHERN OUTENIQUA BASIN

Paddavissie Fairway

F-O

INFANTA SUB-BASIN

PLETMOS OK Energy

FUTURE FSRU?

Knysna

George

40

00

2736

2836

m 00 30

Silver Wave Energy

2734

O C E A N

Mossel Bay

I N D I A N

DEEPWATER DURBAN ExxonMobil

PetroSA 1 E-BA E-BF, E-S F-AH 2 E-AA, E-AD E-H, E-M F-A 3 E-BH, E-AN BREDASD ORP 4 E-AO E-CE 1 2 3 BAS 5 E-AJ (SABLE) 4 IN 6 E-BK, E-CR ORIBI, 8 5 7 E-CB ORYX 6 7 8 E-BB Paddavissie m 00 Fairway prospects: 9 PLATANNA COLUMBINE10 WOUDBOOM AGULHAS ARCH 11 LUIPERD SOUTH OUTENIQUA Total 12 BLAASOP

3430 3530

TRANSKEI ExxonMobil

TUGELA DURBAN BASIN BASIN OFFSHORE Eni

TUGELA S ExxonMobil

FUTURE FSRU?

Durban Port Shepstone

ENREF, SAPREF, SAFOR, SAMCO

Mthatha (Umtata)

ALGOA-GAMTOOS NewAge Energy Algoa (African Global Energy)

3525

) ge an Or

Queenstown

Bhisho

N ATA L

FUTURE?

2732 2832 2833

2733

Matola

FUTURE FSRU?

MOZAMBIQUE

Richards Bay

Ulundi

TuEmpangeni

Van Reenen Ladysmith

KWAZULU-

Pietermaritzburg

u enq

EASTERN CAPE

Aliwal North

n do

DJP

L E SO TH O

le Ca

Bethlehem

FR E E S TATE

Bloemfontein

Uitenhage

3524

nts lifa

PANDE TEMANE AFRICAN RENAISSANCE PIPELINE FROM ROVUMA GAS FIELDS TO GAUTENG

M P U M A L A N G A Komatipoort

O

Phalaborwa

Giyani

Lim

Mbombela (eMalahleni) (Nelspruit) Kendal SASOL COAL-

Witbank

EVANDER

Polokwane

LIMPOPO

Louis Trichardt

Musina

Jameson Park TO-LIQUIDS Potchefstroom NATREF Secunda ESWATINI Klerksdorp Vereeniging l Vaa Sasolburg Volksrust Vrede Bloemhof FREE STATE Kroonstad l a Newcastle a Welkom LILLY Vryheid

GraaffReinet

11B/ 12B

PRETORIA

Rustenburg Mmabatho Johannesburg

NORTH WEST

Kimberley

BRULPADDA

F-O

F-A

Mossel Bay

SOUTH OUTENIQUA Total

3721

Beaufort West

on

Oudtshoorn

ORIBI, ORYX

BREDASD OR P

Silver Wave Energy

3819 3820

Rhino Oil

3519

3420 3520

n arv

IN AS

0

3615

3515

Worcester

C ar

Laingsburg

Fraserburg

WESTERN CAPE

Cape Town

ASTRON ENERGY

Saldanha Bay

BLOCK 5/6/7 Anadarko awaiting completion of sale to Total

P-1

FUTURE FSRU?

AT L A N T I C O C E A N

3414

3314

DEEP ORANGE BASIN Impact Africa

Sezigyn

BLOCK 3A/4A Sasol, PetroSA

NEARSHORE BLOCK 3B/4B Azinam

Calvinia

k

Pinotage ORANGE BLOCK BASIN 3B/4B DEEP Africa Oil WATER Corp. Sezigyn

BLOCK 2B Africa Energy Corp.

Island Point

Prieska

Kuruman

po

B O T S WA NA

S O U T H A F R I C A

NORTHERN CAPE

FUTURE GAS PROCESSING PLANT?

BLOCK 2A Sunbird Energy

Springbok

Aggeneis

Upington

Sa

4000m

BLOCK 1 Tosaco,PetroSA

MID AJ-1 BLOCK 2C ORANGE Anadarko BASIN Sungu Sungu IBHUBESI

NORTHERN CAPE ULTRA-DEEP Shell

Alexander Bay

LNG regasification plant and import terminal

Oil tanker terminal

Oil refinery

Oranjemund

KUDU

NAM IBIA

Products pipeline future?

Gas pipeline future?

Oil pipeline future?

Gas /condensate field

Oil field

Prospect

Production right / mining lease

Exploration right (ER)

o M ol

Technical cooperation permit (TCP)

V

TENG

Block under application

DJ P

S

0m

(

3 00 LI LL Y

0m

ZIMBABWE

ola

ng

0m

Po

200

e

2

00m 10

ang Or

3000m

0m Wilge

PP NM

500m

20 NMPP

la ge

1000m

ile od oc Cr

GAU

po po 20

Open offshore block

South Africa

95

Madagascar, Indian Ocean

SOMALIA

KENYA Pate I. Lamu I.

I N D I A N

O C E A N Inner AREA B Islands Sub-Sahara Resources

AREA A Sub-Sahara Resources Seychelles Alpha

Pemba I.

Amirante Islands

Zanzibar I.

Mah Ž

Seychelles Beta slin Pra

VICTORIA

BEAU VALLON

Alphonse Group

TA N Z A N I A

JUNON

Desroches Platte

Co‘tivy

SEYCHELLES

Mafia I. Songo Songo I.

35-37 Tullow 38-40 Safari Petroleum uipŽlago das Quirimbas Arq

RUVUMA DELTA FAN

vuma Ru

Aldabra Islands

Aldabra Atoll

38

St Pierre

Cosmoledo Atoll

Assomption

Farquhar Group

Astove

35 39

Farquhar Atoll

C OMOROS 36 40

37

ëles Glorieuses (Fr.)

MORONI

Nzwani (Anjouan)

Njazidja (Grande Mwali Comore) (MohŽli)

DZOU MOU MA

L E

Cape Bobaomby 1002c AMBILOBE Pura Vida

AMPASINDAVA BP

(Fr.)

MAJUNGA N BP

Antsiranana (DiŽgo Suarez)

BASIN

1101 ANTSIRANANA Oyster Oil & Gas

A

N

N

Agalega Is.

Nosy Be AMBILOBE

Mayotte

MOZAMBIQUE

Providence Atoll

E

C

H

CAP ST ANDRƒ BP

ële Europa

Mahajanga

BEMOLANGA BITUMEN FIELD

B A S I N

TSIMIRORO OIL FIELD

Cargados Carajos Is. (St Brandon Rocks)

ële Tromelin (Fr.)

M ADAG AS CAR

Nosy Boraha

SOLIMA

MAURITIUS

Toamasina (Tamatave)

3104 ANTANANARIVO TSIMIRORO EAST Madagascar Oil

BELO PROFOND Marex

Antsirabe

COAST BASIN

FUTURE?

PORT-LOUIS

Morondava

M O R O N D A V A

(Fr.)

(Fr.)

ële Juan de Nova

JUAN DE NOVA MARITIME PROFOND Sapetro

Bassas da India

Maroantsetra

MAJUNGA BASIN

JUAN DE NOVA E (Fr.)

U M O Z A M B I Q

BELO PROFOND N CB World Trade Natural Energy (CBWTNE)

MAJUNGA S BP

3108 MANJA Amicoh Corp.

Mauritius

ST-DENIS Fianarantsoa

Port RŽunion

RŽunion (Fr.)

I N D I A N

Toliara (Toliary)

O C E A N TROPIC OF CAPRICORN

Cape Vohimena

CAP STE MARIE BASIN

Taolanaro (Taolagnaro, Fort Dauphin)

Open areas Licensed block Oil refinery Oil tanker terminal

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

96

LNG regasification plant and import terminal

0

Kilometres

0

Miles

400 200

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

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Downstream

Progress on gas import schemes raises hopes for inter-African trade Gas import schemes to supply industry and replace liquid fuels are making progress in several African states, though infrastructure remains a challenge. A number of countries are seeking to position themselves as regional hubs, raising hopes for development of inter-African gas trade

A

s interest grows in gas as a transition fuel, a number of states are continuing to look at importing LNG to fuel expansion of their power generation capacity, while countries with big offshore gas reserves are looking at options for domestic projects as well as big-ticket exports. In one scheme with regional ambitions, Total signed a joint development agreement in November 2019 with South Africa’s Gigajoule Energy and Matola Gas Company for a project to import LNG into Mozambique’s Matola harbour, close to Maputo. Gas from a permanently moored floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) would supply a power plant of up to 2GW at Matola, and would be piped into the South African gas pipeline network. The project could potentially replace gas supply to South Africa from Mozambique’s Pande and Temane fields, which are expected to start declining from 2023. Operator Sasol says it is considering all supply options, including the Matola project. While Mozambique is developing its own gas reserves, the planned LNG plant at Palma lies some 2,600km to the north and will be chiefly focused on export markets. A pipeline from Cabo Delgado to Maputo to join up with existing infrastructure has been proposed but there are questions about its viability. Already South Africa’s Mossel Bay gas-to-liquids plant is operating well below capacity due to the failure of a project to add more gas from the South African offshore. Coega has been identified as the location for an LNG import terminal, but minister of mineral and energy resources Gwede Mantashe has said South Africa could need more than one LNG complex, and Richards Bay has also been cited as a potential location. Meanwhile, LPG is being looked at as a possible transition fuel for LNG, particularly in South Africa, where the largest LPG import terminal in the world has been built at Richards Bay. Various schemes are being assessed, including an unlikely plan to fuel the existing 1.3GW Ankerlig open-cycle gas turbine plant using LPG and more viable plans for a plant of around 100MW in the Richards Bay Industrial Development Zone. At least one company, PayGas, has begun supplying LPG as a cooking fuel in the Western Cape’s poorest townships, with hopes the business model can be scaled across the country and wider region. Equatorial Guinea is talking up its potential to become a regional gas supplier through its Gas Megahub project, which opens up the potential for monetisation of additional resources through existing infrastructure.The government is seeking new markets as the EGLNG plant’s sales contracts expire, while

98

Noble Energy is seeking an outlet for 3tcf of discovered gas in the Douala Basin across Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon. A first stage harnessing gas from Noble’s Alen field was agreed with Marathon Oil and the Ministry of Mines and Hydrocarbons in April 2019. The Fortuna gas field, awarded to Lukoil in the 2019 licensing round, is now also expected to supply EGLNG, after Ophir Energy’s mooted floating LNG scheme failed to secure financing. In Cameroon, Perenco is supplying gas to Africa’s first floating LNG scheme offshore Kribi, and Victoria Oil & Gas is steadily expanding its gas supply network in the Douala region despite periodic payments difficulties with state utility Eneo. Gas from the long-stranded Etinde field in the Rio del Rey Basin could finally be harnessed under a letter of intent signed in February 2020 with operator New Age (African Global Energy). The project would involve building 60km of new pipeline from Limbé to Douala, opening up opportunities for gas supply along the route. In Nigeria, following completion of a takeover by Savannah Petroleum, midstream supplier Accugas signed its first gas sales agreement in five years in February 2020. The company’s new owners are confident that further expansion will follow. The agreement with Sahara Group affiliate First Independent Power Ltd to supply the Afam power plant is a fourth outlet for Accugas after the Calabar and Ibom Power plants and the Mfamosing cement plant. Savannah sees considerable potential for further expansion and expects further new gas sales agreements in the coming months.Wider expansion outside the south-east could come once the mooted East-West gas pipeline project is completed. In North Africa, Egypt is attempting to grasp an opportunity to transform itself into a gas hub for the entire east Mediterranean region on the back of rebounding gas production. However, there are enormous geopolitical, commercial and policy barriers to turning that ambition into reality. Geopolitically, the biggest threat to the plan is Turkey, which is using its navy and its intervention in the Libyan civil war to stymie gas exploration offshore Cyprus and to undermine future pipeline developments. Israeli gas is already being imported into Egypt via the East Mediterranean Gas pipeline. While the commercial details of this private-sector deal are unclear, it is hard to see how it can be cheaper than domestically produced gas, or how it can be re-exported from either the ELNG Idku or the Segas Damietta

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Section

liquefaction plants at internationally competitive prices. The other vital element of a functioning gas hub is a fully liberalised domestic market. Despite the establishment of the Gas Regulatory Authority in 2017, this is still a long way off. So far, it is still much cheaper for major gas consumers to buy gas from the government at fixed prices. Algeria’s gas exports to Europe have been squeezed by the availability of cheaper LNG. This has pushed Sonatrach to sell more LNG itself on the spot market.While total gas production has increased marginally in recent years, the commissioning of approximately 8GW of gas-fired power generation by 2021 is likely to reduce quantities available for export.

TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY DEMAND, 2010 Ð 40 Projections: IEA Stated Policies Scenario Million tonnes oil equivalent (mtoe) 1,400

Nuclear 1,200

Another strategy that continues to capture the imagination of the gas industry is small-scale LNG, whether through a breakbulk hub and spokes development or LNG shuttling. While Greenville LNG in Nigeria has established a significant business, there is currently little movement towards similar schemes elsewhere. There are continued conversations in Kenya around an import scheme to convert existing thermal plants to gas, but these remain at a relatively early stage.

Refinery projects In the liquid fuels sector, there are high hopes for business tycoon Aliko Dangote’s 650,000 b/d refinery, which is close to completion in the Lekki Free Trade Zone in Lagos.The refinery is expected to start up in 2021, with the aim of meeting all Nigeria’s refined petroleum products needs as well as exporting to neighbouring countries. Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation will supply crude to the refinery, enabling it to phase out its costly swaps programme for the direct sale of crude oil and direct purchase of refined products. Angola’s new government has laid out plans to increase oil refining capacity to 435,000 b/d by 2025 from just 75,000 b/d at present with the construction of three new refineries with private partners.These are a 60,000 b/d refinery in Cabinda and a 100,000 b/d refinery at Soyo, both in the far north, and the long-delayed two-phase 200,000 b/d Lobito refinery project in southern Benguela province. Sonangol and the Hong Kong-

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

Bioenergy

(biomass/biogas)

Natural gas

Hydroelectricity

1,000

800

1% 600

45%

2018

20% 36%

23%

9% 2% 1%

2017 2018

2010

2040 25%

13% 1%

200

0

7%

16%

2025

2030

2035

2040

Projections: IEA Africa Case Million tonnes oil equivalent (mtoe) 1,400

Nuclear

Other renewables

(solar, wind, geothermal, wave/tidal)

Coal

1,200

Bioenergy

(biomass/biogas)

Oil Natural gas

Hydroelectricity

1,000

800

1% 600

45%

400

0

15%

16%

2018

18%

23%

2010

2017 2018

2%

2025

2030

24%

2040 30%

4%

13% 1%

200

The International Finance Corporation continues to develop its project in Sierra Leone, but progress is slow and hampered by the difficulty of reaching demand in the region. Local private schemes show some promise but are mostly still to demonstrate both credible business models and access to sufficient capital.

(solar, wind, geothermal, wave/tidal)

Oil

400

Having stepped back from plans to develop a large-scale integrated regasification and power generation project at Jorf Lasfar, Morocco has yet to fully clarify a new strategy. This may eventually involve FSRUs, but in the short term, the kingdom has taken the pragmatic decision to continue importing Algerian gas though the existing Maghreb-Europe Gas Pipeline. Meanwhile, Sound Energy plans a micro-LNG project at its Tendrara discovery, to supply gas to industrial customers. A more substantial pipeline development linked to power generation will take longer.

Other renewables

Coal

8%

2035

2040

The Stated Policies Scenario reflects the IEAÕs measured assessment of todayÕs policy frameworks and plans, taking into account the regulatory, institutional, infrastructure and financial circumstances that shape the prospects for their implementation. The Africa Case is built on the premise of 2063, the continentÕs inclusive and sustainable vision for accelerated economic and industrial development adopted by African Union members in 2015. Faster economic expansion is accompanied by the full achievement of key Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. These include full access to electricity and clean cooking and a significant reduction in premature deaths related to pollution. Source: International Energy Agency (IEA), Africa Energy Outlook 2019

© African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

based United Shine consortium signed a deal in June 2019 to develop the Cabinda project, which is expected to cost $2bn, partly financed by Russian bank VTB Group. Selection of a contractor for the Soyo scheme is also under way, but infrastructure investment may be delayed by sharply lower government income following the latest oil price crash. In East Africa, Uganda’s ambitions for a 60,000 b/d refinery to process crude from its Lake Albert fields are on hold along with the rest of the project due to a dispute with the government on the amount of tax payable on Tullow Oil’s sale of part of its stakes in the upstream licences. Partner Total has also suspended preliminary work on the export pipeline project, and with oil prices plunging, development looks unlikely in the short to medium term.

99

Oil refineries, CTL and GTL plants

ALGERIA All refineries are government owned; operated by Sonatrach subsidiary Naftec except Adrar.

TUNISIA

¥ 2 ¥ LA SKHIRA ¥ Proposed 100,000 b/d refinery; change of location to Bizerte under consideration, plans currently on hold.

BIZERTE ¥ SociŽtŽ Tunisienne des Industries de 1 Raffinage (Stir) [1962], 34,000 b/d; expansion by 25% planned.

¥ ARZEW ¥ [1972], 90,000 b/d. 2 ¥ TIARET ¥ 100,000 b/d refinery at design stage. 3 ¥ ALGIERS ¥ Sidi RÕcine (formerly El Harrach) [1964], 59,000 b/d; modernisation and expansion to 79,000 b/d completed in 2019 by China Petroleum Engineering and Construction Corporation (CPECC). 4 ¥¥ SKIKDA ¥ [1980], 360,000 b/d. ¥ Condensate refinery, 100,000 b/d. 5 ¥¥ HAOUD EL HAMRA, HASSI MESSAOUD ¥ HM I [1962] & HM II [1979], total combined capacity 27,000 b/d. ¥ Second refinery to be built by Spanish-South Korean joint venture, 100,000 b/d by 2024. 6 ¥ SBAA ¥ Adrar [2006], 13,000 b/d; operated by China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) in a 25-year concession. 7 ¥ IN AMƒNAS ¥ [1980] 6,000 b/d; closed in 1986. 1

4 4

3

1

1 2

2

2

1 1 5 5

MOROCCO

¥

MOHAMMƒDIA ¥ SociŽtŽ Anonyme Marocaine de lÕIndustrie de Raffinage (Samir) Ð owned by 1 Swedish-based Corral Petroleum [1959], 218,000 b/d, reduced to 178,000 b/d following closure of two old units; closed in 2015. Offered for sale.

6 7

¥

SIDI KACEM ¥ SociŽtŽ ChŽrifienne des PŽtroles (SCP) [1940], 25,600 b/d; now closed, 2 owned by Samir and used for storage.

MAURITANIA

¥

1 NOUADHIBOU ¥ SociŽtŽ Mauritanienne des Industries de Raffinage (Somir) [1982], 20,000 b/d; now closed.

Future Closed In operation [ ] Date of opening Processing capacity shown in barrels per day

SENEGAL

¥ 2 ¥ BARGNY ¥ Proposed 100,000 b/d refinery.

MÕBAO, DAKAR ¥ SociŽtŽ Africaine de Raffinage (SAR) [1963], 25,000 b/d; plans to 1 increase capacity to 45,000 b/d 1 2

NIGER

ZINDER ¥ SociŽtŽ de Raffinage de Zinder (Soraz) Ð China-Niger joint venture [2011], ¥20,000 b/d; managed by SociŽtŽ Nigerienne des Produits PŽtroliers (Sonidep).

8

CHAD

¥ DJERMAYA, NÕDJAMENA ¥ China-Chad joint venture [2011], 20,000 b/d. GUINEA

1

¥ KAMSAR ¥ Proposed 12,000 b/d refinery and storage terminals; co-developers Africa Finance Corporation (AFC) and Brahms Oil Refineries Ltd.

2

1

2 2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1

SIERRA LEONE

2

FREETOWN ¥ Sierra Leone Petroleum Refining Company (SLRC) [1970], 10,000 b/d; ¥closed in 1990 and now used for storage.

LIBERIA

¥ 2 ¥ BUCHANAN ¥ 100,000 b/d refinery approved; Ecowas Refinery Liberia Ltd. (ERLL) Ð Liberian Investment Commission (LIC) joint venture.

1 MONROVIA ¥ Liberia Petroleum Refining Company (LPRC), 15,000 b/d; mothballed in 1984, now operates as a storage depot.

1 1 2 3

CïTE DÕIVOIRE

VRIDI, ABIDJAN ¥ SociŽtŽ Ivoirienne de Raffinage (SIR) [1965], 84,000 b/d; expansion planned ¥¥ to more than double the capacity, financing secured from Africa Finance Corporation ¥ SociŽtŽ Multinationale de Bitumes (SMB) [1978], 10,000 b/d.

GHANA 1

¥ TAKORADI ¥ Planned 150,000 b/d refinery. ¥¥

2 TEMA ¥ Tema Oil Refinery Company (TOR) [1963], 45,000 b/d but operating intermittently and at reduced capacity since a 2017 furnace explosion ¥ Future 100,000-160,000 b/d refinery proposed to replace TOR refinery.

TOGO

¥ LOMƒ ¥ SociŽtŽ Togolaise de Stockage (STSL) [1978]; refinery closed in 1981. NIGERIA All four Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) refineries to be fully rehabilitated after a long period of operating significantly below capacity, expected to be fully back on line in 2022.

¥ 2 ¥ ESCRAVOS ¥ EGTL: gas-to-liquids plant Ð joint venture between Chevron Nigeria Ltd. (CNL) and NNPC [2014], 34,000 b/d. 3 ¥ WARRI ¥ Warri Refinery & Petrochemical Company (WRPC) Ð owned by NNPC [1978], 125,000 b/d. 4 ¥ OHAJI/ EGBEMA ¥ 25,000 b/d Waltersmith modular refinery in Imo State, expected online during 2020 with initial 5,000 b/d capacity. 5 ¥ KOLO CREEK ¥ 60,000 b/d modular refinery to be built by Rehoboth Natural Resources Development. 6 ¥ NIGER DELTA ¥ 200,000 b/d refinery planned by Seplat Petroleum-NNPC joint venture. 7 ¥ PORT HARCOURT ¥ Port Harcourt Refining Company (PHRC) Ð owned by NNPC, two refineries: PH I [1965, rebuilt 1989], 60,000 b/d; & PH II [1988], 150,000 b/d; now integrated. 8 ¥ KADUNA ¥ Kaduna Refinery & Petrochemical Company (KRPC) Ð owned by NNPC [1980], 110,000 b/d.

1 LEKKI FREE TRADE ZONE ¥ Refinery under construction since 2013 as part of petrochemicals and fertiliser complex developed by Dangote Industries [2021], with a capacity of 650,000 b/d it will AfricaÕs biggest refinery.

CAMEROON

LIMBƒ ¥ SociŽtŽ Nationale de Raffinage (Sonara) [1977], capacity recently expanded to 72,000 b/d, but ¥currently offline following a fire in May 2019. Rehabilitation likely to last until 2021.

100

EQUATORIAL GUINEA

¥ 2 ¥ COGO ¥ New 20,000 b/d modular refinery planned.

4

1 PUNTA EUROPA ¥ New 20,000 b/d modular refinery planned. 5

GABON

PORT-GENTIL ¥ SociŽtŽ Gabonaise de ¥Raffinage (Sogara) [1967], 24,000 b/d.

REPUBLIC OF CONGO (Brazzaville)

¥

POINTE-NOIRE ¥ Congolaise de Raffinage (Coraf) [1976], 21,000 b/d.

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO

¥

KINLAO, MUANDA ¥ SociŽtŽ Congo-Italienne de Raffinage (Socir) [1963], 15,000 b/d; not operating since 2000.

ANGOLA

¥¥

1 CABINDA ¥ Cabinda Gulf Oil Company (Cabgoc), a subsidiary of Chevron, 12,500 b/d ¥ Second refinery (60,000 b/d) under construction, initially beginning with 30,000 b/d in 2021.

¥ 3 ¥ LUANDA ¥ Previously operated by Total, now by Sonangol [1958], 57,000 b/d; expanding to 102,500 b/d by mid-2021. 4 ¥ LOBITO ¥ Construction of 200,000 b/d Sonaref refinery began in 2012, but suspended since 2016 Ð owner and developer is state-owned Sociedade 2 SOYO ¥ New 100,000 b/d refinery planned, with expectations of completion by 2023/24.

Nacional de Combustiveis de Angola (Sonangol). Sonaref now looking to resume construction and complete by 2025.

¥

5 NAMIBE ¥ 400,000 b/d Namref refinery planned Ð RussiaÕs Rail Standard Service and Fortland Consulting Company.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

LIBYA All refineries government owned (NOC).

¥ 2 ¥ RAS LANUF ¥ Ras Lanuf Oil & Gas Processing Company (Rasco) [1984], 220,000 b/d; closed in 2011. 3 ¥ MARSA AL-BREGA ¥ Sirte Oil Company [1970], 10,000 b/d. 4 ¥ TOBRUK ¥ Arabian Gulf Oil Company (Agoco) [1985], 20,000 b/d. 5 ¥ SARIR ¥ Agoco [1986], 10,000 b/d. ZAWIYA ¥ Azzawiya Oil Refining Company (ARC) [1974], 1 120,000 b/d; output frequently disrupted.

4 2

1 1 1 3 2 2 4 5 4 5 6

3

EGYPT All refineries government owned (EGPC) & operated through subsidiaries except ERC at Mostorod.

¥¥¥

ALEXANDRIA ¥ El Mex Refinery Ð Alexandria Petroleum Company (APC) [1957], 115,000 b/d ¥ Alexandria 1 Mineral Oils Company (AMOC) [2002], 34,700 b/d ¥ Alexandria National Refining and Petrochemical Company (ANRPC) [2013] 18,500 b/d; expansion to 23,000 b/d.

¥¥ 3 ¥ TANTA ¥ Cairo Oil Refining Company (CORC) [1969], 35,000 b/d. 4 ¥¥ MOSTOROD PETROLEUM COMPLEX (MPL), CAIRO ¥ Cairo Oil Refining Company (CORC) [1973], 145,000 b/d ¥ Egyptian Refining Company (ERC), a subsidiary of private equity company Citadel Capital [2019], 100,000 b/d. 5 ¥¥ SUEZ ¥ El Nasr Petroleum Company (NPC) [1913], 146,000 b/d ¥ Suez Oil Processing Company (SOPC) [1921], 68,000 b/d. 6 ¥ WADI FEIRAN ¥ El Nasr Petroleum Company (NPC), 9,000 b/d. 7 ¥ ASYUT ¥ Assiut Oil Refining Company (ASORC) [1987], 60,000 b/d; upgrade underway for completion in 2020. AMERIYA FREE ZONE ¥ Middle East Oil Refinery (Midor) [2001], 115,000 b/d; modernisation and expansion to 2 160,000 b/d by 2022 ¥ Ameriya Petroleum Refining Company (APRC) [1972], 78,000 b/d.

SUDAN

5

¥¥ 2 ¥¥ KHARTOUM ¥ Concorp Refinery at Al-Shajara [1999], 10,000 b/d; not currently operating ¥ Sudan Khartoum Refinery Company (KRC) Ð China-Sudan joint venture, at El Gily [2000], 100,000 b/d; expansion to 200,000 b/d planned. 3 ¥ EL OBEID ¥ [1996], 10,000 b/d Ð Sudapet. 4 ¥ ABU GABRA ¥ [1992], 2,000 b/d, closed in 2006.

7

PORT SUDAN ¥ Port Sudan Petroleum Refinery Ð government owned [1964], 21,700 b/d; closed in 2013 and now 1 decommissioned ¥ New 200,000 b/d Red Sea Coast refinery planned, construction by Russian state-owned Rosgeologia.

1 1

SOUTH SUDAN

¥ 2 ¥ BENTIU ¥ Safinat Caspian Oil Refining Company, initial capacity 7,000 b/d; damaged during military action but restoration work began in December 2018. Plans to increase capacity to 25,00 b/d.

THANGRIAL ¥ 10,000 b/d construction suspended due to conflict Ð Ventech Engineers International. The Paloich oil 1 hub was also the subject of a 2019 proposal from local company Trinity Energy, for a 40,000 b/d refinery. 2 2 3

ERITREA

¥ ASSAB ¥ Soviet-built refinery [1967], 17,500 b/d; closed in 1997.

1

4

DJIBOUTI

¥ DORALE, DJIBOUTI VILLE ¥ 100,000 b/d refinery planned.

2

UGANDA

¥

KABAALE ¥ 60,000 b/d refinery planned for Lake Albert oil to be built and operated by Albertine Graben Refinery Consortium (AGRC).

SOMALIA

¥ JASIIRA ¥ Iraqsoma Refinery Corporation Ð Somali government owned, 10,000 b/d; closed in 1990. KENYA 1 2

¥ 2 ¥ CHANGAMWE, MOMBASA ¥ Kenya Petroleum Refineries Ltd. (KPRL) [I: 1963 & II: 1974], 60,000 b/d; closed in 2013. Now a storage facility, currently leased to Kenya Pipeline Company (KPC) and used 1 LAMU ¥ Refinery proposed as part of the Lamu Port -South Sudan -Ethiopia Transport (LAPSSET) Corridor infrastructure project. Alternative location of Mombasa also under consideration.

as a shipping hub receiving Lokichar oil by tanker.

1 2

TANZANIA 1

¥ BAGAMOYO ¥ Heavy oil refinery Ð Kamal Group. ¥

2 DAR ES SALAAM ¥ Tanzanian and Italian Petroleum Refining Company (Tiper) [1969], 17,000 b/d; closed in 2000, now used as a storage facility by Oryx Energies.

1

ZAMBIA

NDOLA ¥ Government-owned Indeni Petroleum Refinery Company (IPRC) [1973], 24,000 b/d; recent ¥¥ upgrades have boosted production Ð now the government is selling the plant ¥ A consortium of Russian investors are planning on building a new $4bn refinery and boosting capacity of the Tazama pipeline.

MADAGASCAR

¥ TOAMASINA ¥ Solitany Malagasy (Solima) refinery, 15,000 b/d; closed in 2004. MOZAMBIQUE 1 2 1 2

ZIMBABWE

2 3 4 4 4 4

¥ PALMA ¥ Shell has agreed to build a 38,000 b/d gas-to-liquids (GTL) plant. ¥ MATOLA ¥ Refinery presently inactive.

¥ MUTARE ¥ Feruka [1965], 10,000 b/d; mothballed after less than a year. SOUTH AFRICA

¥ COALBROOK, SASOLBURG ¥ National Petroleum Refiners of South Africa (Natref) Ð Sasol-Total joint venture [1971], 105,000 b/d. ¥ 3 ¥ RICHARDS BAY ¥ South AfricaÕs Central Energy Fund-Saudi Aramco joint venture proposing a 300,000 b/d refinery by 2028. 4 ¥¥¥¥ DURBAN ¥ Enref Ð Engen Petroleum, owned by Petronas [1954], 150,000 b/d ¥ Sapref Ð BP-Shell joint venture at Prospecton [1963], 180,000 b/d ¥ Safor lube oil refinery ¥ Samco lube oil refinery. 5 ¥ COEGA INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ZONE, PORT ELIZABETH ¥ Project Mthombo Ð PetroSA-Sinopec joint venture, 300,000 b/d. 6 ¥ MOSSEL BAY ¥ WorldÕs first gas-to-liquids (GTL) refinery Ð PetroSA [1992], 45,000 b/d crude equivalent; supplied with gas from offshore Bredasdorp Basin. Formerly known as Mossref and Mossgas. 7 ¥ MILNERTON, CAPE TOWN ¥ Astron Energy, former Chevron refinery [1966], 110,000 b/d. 1

2 SECUNDA ¥ Coal-to-liquids (CTL) plant; Sasol owns and operates Sasol 2 [1980] and Sasol 3 [1984], total 150,000 b/d; conversion to GTL by 2024. CTL pilot Sasol 1 was built at Sasolburg in 1955.

7

6

5

BOTSWANA © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

¥ FRANCISTOWN ¥ Project Tsosoloso includes a 20,000 b/d coal-to-liquids (CTL) plant, eventually 50,000 b/d Ð Coal Petroleum (Pty) Ltd.

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

101

Gas development and commerce MAZARO DEL VALLO, SICILY

PIOMBINO, ITALY via Sardinia

GELA, SICILY

NORTH AFRICA: GAS HUB

ARZEW LNG Development of the giant Zohr field offers Egypt the opportunity to (GL1-Z, transform itself into a gas hub for the entire east Mediterranean region. ALMERêA, GL2-Z) SKIKDA GALSI SPAIN there are enormous geopolitical, commercial and policy However, LNG barriers to turning that ambition into reality. Turkey is using its navy ENRICO MATTEI / (GL1-K, GASSI TRANSMED its intervention in the Libyan civil war to stymie gas exploration and GL2-K) MEDGAZ TOUIL LNG offshore Cyprus and to undermine future pipeline developments. GREENSTREAM (GL3-Z) Koudiet PEDRO DURAN FARRELL / Skikda Draouche El Haouaria GAZODUC MAGHREB EUROPE (GME) ASHKELON, ISRAEL GULF OF Arzew Closed TUNISGABéS ALGIERS Beni Saf Tahaddart 2011, TUNISIA EMG ZOHR NILE upgrade RABAT DELTA required Ghannouch Mellitah GULF OF Jorf Lasfar SEGAS ELNG JORDAN ¥ SYRIA ¥ TURKEY SIRTE Benghazi M O RO CCO HASSI RÕMEL BERKINE TRIPOLI Damietta Idku BASIN El Arish ARAB GAS NIGERIAÐMOROCCO: Marsa Al-Brega CAIRO Taba PIPELINE (AGP) GASSI GHADAMES GAS PIPELINE SPAIN ¥ PORTUGAL

Ain

TOUIL BASIN A key element in MoroccoÕs Ôpivot to AfricaÕ, King SAHARA FIELDS Mohammed VI and Nigerian President Muhammadu ILLIZI A L G E R I A BASIN Buhari agreed in 2016 to build a gas pipeline that would across north-west eventually link a dozen countries Western Africa. The first steps could beSahara to link C™te dÕIvoire (under UN with the WAGP and the Mauritania-Senegal gas field mandate)is committed to with Morocco. Algeria, meanwhile, accelerating the decades-old TSGP project. TRANS-SAHARAN GAS PIPELINE GREATER BIRAL M AU R ITA N IA LAH (TSGP) / NIGAL FLNG NOUAKCHOTT

Cotonou Tema Abidjan Aboadze

CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC BANGUI

YAOUNDƒ

EQ. GUINEA

CALUB, HILALA

JUBA

D E M O C R AT I C NAIROBI RWANDA KIGALI REPUBLIC BRAZZAVILLE BURUNDI BUJUMBURA OF TANZ ANI A CONGO KINSHASA

LEOPARD MÕBOUNDI LITCHENDJILI OFFSHORE CABINDA LOWER CONGO BASIN LONTRA

Soyo ANGOLA

LNG

Major gas fields and recent significant discoveries

Dar es Salaam Likongo Mtwara Palma

MALAWI

LILONGWE

MZLNG

Walvis Bay

PANDE

GABORONE

PRETORIA

Saldanha Bay Cape Town

Matola

MBABANE ESWATINI

Oranjemund

IBHUBESI

Richards Bay

MASERU

SOUTH AFRICA Mossel Bay

LESOTHO

FSRU

Durban

East London

Port Elizabeth

BREDASDORP

YAMOUSSOUKRO

CïTE DÕIVOIRE

CI-GNL consortium FSRU Abidjan

BENIN

GHANA

TOGO PORTO-

Kumasi

LOMƒ

Tema

ACCRA Aboadze Takoradi

GP WA

KUDU, FSRU FOXTROT, ELAND GHANA 1000 PANTHéRE TEN E E SANKOFA L JUBI

ELPS: Escravos-Lagos Pipeline System EWP: East-West Pipeline OGGS: Offshore Gas Gathering System WAGP: West African Gas Pipeline

102

Keta

NOVO

Ibadan Lagos

Benin City

Cotonou FSRU

MORONI

Mayotte (Fr.)

Ajaokuta

0 Kilometres

NIGERIA

0 Miles

MADAGASCAR

MAPUTO

Secunda

KUDU

TEMANE

BOTSWAN A

WINDHOEK

SOUTHERN AFRICA: SUPPLY OPTIONS

LNG regasification plant and import terminal future?

FLNG

CHEWA, PWEZA SONGO SONGO OFFSHORE RUVUMA / ROVUMA BASIN COMOROS

MAMBA FLNG AFRICAN LUSAKA RENAISSANCE PIPELINE CORAL HARARE MOZAMBIQUE ANTANANARIVO SPA agreed ZIMBABWE with BP to buy entire output

NAMIBIA

FSRU

South Africa is weighing gas supply options that include imports from northern Mozambique or from the Matola LNG scheme, or development of domestic gas. Development of NamibiaÕs Kudu field remains elusive but may get a boost from new exploration plans.

Mombasa

LUANDA

ZAMBI A

LNG liquefaction plant and export terminal future?

MOGADISHU

MAMBAKOFI

DODOMA

ANGOLA

Major gas pipeline future?

S

UGANDA

KAMPALA KEN YA

LIBREVILLE GABON

SÌO TOMƒ

DJIBOUTI VILLE

ETHIOPIA

SOUTH SUDAN

CAMEROON Akonikien

SÌO TOMƒ & PRêNCIPE

New schemes are multiplying to harness previously stranded gas fields offshore West Africa. Equatorial Guinea is promoting ambitious plans to secure more regional gas for its EGLNG plant, while CameroonÕs floating LNG is up and running and Mauritania and Senegal have high hopes for their Greater Tortue LNG development. Other proposed schemes could put more gas into the under-used West African Gas Pipeline to supply the regionÕs power plants.

ADDIS ABABA

Escravos

MALABO

WEST AFRICA: GAS TRANSFORMATION

DJIBOUTI

ABUJA

MONROVIA LIBERIA

NIGERIA-MOROCCO PIPELINE / ATLANTIC GAS PIPELINE

NÕDJAMENA

NIGERIA

A

CïTE DÕIVOIRE

GHANA BENIN TOGO

ERITREA

LI

OUAGADOUGOU

Kamsar GUINEA

ASMARA

A

BAMAKO BANJUL THE GAMBIA BISSAU G-BISS. CONAKRY SIERRA FREETOWN LEONE

NIAMEY

BURKINA FASO

M

SENEGAL

KHARTOUM

O

A

SUDAN CHAD

P

YAKAAR-TERANG

Aswan

NIGER

MALI

DAKAR

EGYP T

UPPER EGYPT GAS PIPELINE

(BR . OF AZ C O ZA VIL NG O LE)

PRAIA

FLNG

L I B YA

FSRU Zeit Bay

RE

GREATER TORTUE AHMEYIM

FLNG

CAPE VERDE

WESTERN Sokhna DESERT

SIRTE BASIN

EAST AFRICA: ASIAN MARKETS

Planned development of big offshore gas deposits in Mozambique and Tanzania faces significant aboveground challenges. While TanzaniaÕs plans are less advanced, Mozambique aims to sell gas into primarily Asian markets from the mid-2020s as a forecast global supply gap emerges.

200

100

Enugu Onitsha

ELPS

Warri CA MER O O N Aba EWP Qua Pt. Harcourt Iboe ORON ALBA Bonny BONGA ISONGO OGGS LOGBABA NLNG OSO ETINDEYAOUNDƒ BRASS LNG: NNWA / FORTUNA ALEN Project on DORO EQUAT. SANAGA hold Escravos

SONAM

FSRU

GULF OF GUINEA

NLNG: Six trains operating. Train 7 reached FID in December 2019, Train 8 planned

AKPO

Punta Europa

EGLNG EGLNG 2

KRIBI

GoFLNG

FLNG: floating liquefied natural gas FSRU: floating storage and regasification unit © African Energy 2020 (www.africa-energy.com)

AFRICAN ENERGY ATLAS 2020/2021 • APRIL 2020

South Africa Power Report 2020/21

South Africa Power Report 2020/21 is the fourth in a series of easy-to-digest studies on key energy industry segments produced by African Energy’s consultancy team.

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www.africa-energy.com/special-reports

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