7.0 Tesla MRI Brain Atlas : In-vivo Atlas with Cryomacrotome Correlation [2nd ed. 2015] 9783642543975, 3642543979, 9783642543982, 3642543987

Table of contents :
Content: Foreword.- Preface.- Preface of the 2nd Edition.- Introduction.- 1. Reference of Brain Image Setting.- 2. Orientation of Brain Images.- I. Orientation of the image sections and planes.- II. Standard of the sectional brain image planes and sizes.- III. Adjustment of MRI brain to the reference brain.- IV. Terminology & Labeling.- V. Data collection system for clinicopathologic brain mapping.- VI. Figures (Figs. 1, 2, 3).- 3. Sources of Brain Images.- I. In vivo Images using 7.0T MRI.- II. Cadaver Images by Cryomacrotome.- III. Image reconstruction and volume rendering.- 4. 3D Images by Volume Rendering.- I. Coronal, Sagittal and Axial Cuts- Cadaver (Fig. 4).- II. Coronal, Sagittal and Axial Cuts- MRI (Fig. 5).- III. Sulcus and Gyrus- MRI (Fig. 6).- IV.Brodmann areas-MRI (Fig. 7).- Acknowledgements.- Chapter I. Coronal Images of Cadaver & Human Brain of 7.0T MRI In Vivo.- Chapter II. Sagittal Images of Cadaver & Human Brain of 7.0T MRI In Vivo.- Chapter III. Axial Images of Cadaver & Human Brain of 7.0T MRI In Vivo.- References.- Abbreviations.- Index.

Citation preview

7.0 Tesla MRI Brain Atlas

ERRNVPHGLFRVRUJ

Zang-Hee Cho Editor

7.0 Tesla MRI Brain Atlas In-vivo Atlas with Cryomacrotome Correlation Second Edition

0¡VOLEURVHQ ERRNVPHGLFRVRUJ

Editor Zang-Hee Cho Neuroscience Research Institute Gachon University Incheon Korea Republic of (South Korea)

ISBN 978-3-642-54397-5 ISBN 978-3-642-54398-2 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-54398-2 Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London

(eBook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2014957396 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

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This work is dedicated to Dr. Gil-Ya Lee, founder of the Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University of Medicine and Science.

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New Brain Atlas Ultrahigh-Resolution Human Brain Maps, Obtained by 7.0 T MRI In Vivo and Cadaver Cryomacrotome, Based on New Reference System

7.0 T MRI Imaging

Cryomacrotome Imaging

**

*

Zang-Hee Cho, Ph.D1, 8

Min Suk Chung, MD, Ph.D2

Young-Bo Kim, MD, Ph.D1 Jae-Yong Han, Ph.D1 Hoon-Ki Min, M.Sc1, 8 Sang-Han Choi, M.Sc1

Jin Seo Park, Ph.D5 Jun-Won Lee, B.S.2 Hyo-Seok Park, B.S.5 Dong Sun Shin, Ph.D2 Dong-Hwan Har, Ph.D6 Do-Hee Cho, M.Sc.6

Neuroanatomy

Neurology

*

*

Je-Geun Chi, MD, Ph.D3 Chan-Woong Park, MD, Ph.D1 Cheol-Wan Park, MD, Ph.D1 Young-Bo Kim, MD, Ph.D1 Jong-Min Lee, Ph.D7 James H. Fallon, Ph.D8

Duk L. Na, MD, Ph.D4 So-Young Moon, MD2 Sang Won Seo, MD4 Sook-Hui Kim, MD4 Seok-Min Go, MD4

**

Principal Author

*

Coprincipal Authors

1. Neuroscience Research Institute (NRI), Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, Republic of Korea 2. Department of Anatomy, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea 3. Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea 4. Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea 5. Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea 6. Graduate School of Advanced Imaging Science, Multimedia & Film, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 7. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea 8. University of California, Irvine, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA

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Foreword

I write this Foreword in gratitude to Professor Zang-Hee Cho, one of the great innovators and proponents of progress in the field of magnetic resonance imaging. The “New Brain Atlas,” prepared by Professor Cho and his colleague at the Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, will set new standards in neuroanatomy. It is indeed fascinating to browse through this atlas, which has been produced both from cadaver macrotomes and from 7.0 T magnetic resonance images (MRI). Indeed, this volume illustrates the great power and usefulness of modern MRI, which has been developed and perfected during the past decades by numerous scientists and engineers all around the world. The research group of Professor Zang-Hee Cho was instrumental in these astounding developments. Studying more closely the pictures in the Atlas reveals a wealth of details of the brain stem and midbrain structures, which were once thought impossible to visualize in vivo. I am convinced that these remarkable achievements are a triumph of modern advanced MRI and medical technology in general. MRI has already been very helpful in the past for localizing early tumors and receiving timely information on the formation of strokes and spinal cord degeneration. MRI is now entering a new era of finding deformations and atrophy of the hippocampus, which many experts believe to be the main causes of Alzheimer’s disease and epilepsy. The new ultrahigh-field MRI investigations are not only capable of imaging the minute details of the mentioned deformations and atrophy of the hippocampus but are also in a position to distinguish the normal and abnormal neuromorphology of the substantia nigra, the key neuronal site for major movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease . In addition to all those fine structures of the brain—the most intricate of all in our human body—it can be used for finding the sites of therapeutic targets such as the subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus, previously impossible to find in vivo, serving the important deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. Today, it is possible to rely on the cadaver brain atlas and apply computer fitting to low-resolution MRI or CT images, taking advantage also of the microelectrode molecular probe. The same procedure could be applied in the field of submillimeter precision neuroanatomy in vivo. In close analogy to the discoveries with astronomical telescopes, where each time we are capable of improving resolution and are finding new galaxies previously unknown, in the same manner we experience new revelations in medicine and biology by improving our instruments. Especially in brain science, there is still much to be discovered, and much is waiting for interpretation and understanding at the macroscopic

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and morphological levels as well as on biomolecular and cellular grounds. Magnetic resonance studies, especially ultrahigh-field MRI, will continue to play a fundamental role in this field. I am convinced that the NEW BRAIN ATLAS will provide many answers and new inspiration for further experimental studies. It is thus a very valuable addition to any respectable library of medicine and an inexhaustible source for specialists and students. Zurich, September 9, 2008 Richard R. Ernst* ETH Zürich Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie Zürich, Switzerland

*Professor Ernst received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1991 for his contribution to the development of Fourier Transform NMR, which not only revolutionized modern NMR but is also the backbone of MRI—magnetic resonance imaging—to which mankind owes so much today.

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Preface

As is true in any scientific field, the advances in neuroanatomy have been made possible by the improvement of the tools available to researchers. These tools have undergone revolutionary changes in the past 100 years. When one of the first Nobel prizes was awarded to neuroscientists Camillo Golgi and Santiago Ramon y Cajal in 1906, the main research technique available to neuroscientists was staining or coloring nerve cells and observing the effect either visually or under an optical microscope. When various forms of much more powerful scanning electron microscopy were introduced later in the twentieth century, they were immediately applied to neuroanatomy, thus greatly benefiting it. Among all tools and techniques available in neuroanatomy, imaging techniques allowing the researcher to study the human brain in vivo play a special role. These imaging techniques include CT scanners using X-rays, the nuclear imaging techniques PET and SPECT, and MRI. Recent advances in MRI, especially those in the area of ultrahigh-field (UHF) MRI such as 7.0 Tesla (T), have attracted significant attention in the field of brain imaging for neuroscience research as well as for clinical applications. Many physical and engineering problems related to UHF MRI are yet to be resolved. For example, due to the increased radio frequency (RF) in UHF MRI, the RF field suffers from inhomogeneity and introduces image distortions. Nevertheless, 7.0 T MRI has begun to reveal unseen images of numerous fine structures in the human brain in vivo. With these images providing drastically improved contrast as well as resolution, researchers have begun to demonstrate that MRI is indeed capable of showing very small brain structures. These structures include the subthalamic nucleus, the substantia nigra and its surroundings in the midbrain area, as well as various abnormalities. Since these new images began to reveal numerous, strikingly fine structural details in the human brain in  vivo, many experts in the field began to wonder how high-resolution MRI would affect modern medicine and neuroscience research as a whole. The advances in neuroanatomy are no longer of interest only to the anatomist. In the nervous system, structural organization is most essential in understanding functional concepts. Therefore, a solid understanding of the subtle details of the brain structure became important for a lucid communication among clinicians, scientists, and other specialists working in the field of neuroscience and clinical medicine. The wealth of information offered by modern imaging techniques made it imperative for the interpreter of the images to be thoroughly familiar with the anatomical minutiae of the brain. A specialized knowledge of the brain anatomy is a prerequisite, which goes beyond merely that of gross anatomy, including a complete familiarity with the brain in sections in various planes. It is no longer adequate to use such vague terms as

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the “frontoparietal region” or “basal ganglia.” The gyrus or a specific nucleus involved in the pathological process should be precisely defined and described. New applications of neuroimaging arise almost every day. It used to be important just to locate and determine the extent and the exact position of an intracranial space-occupying lesion. Now, that goal has been extended to define non-neoplastic lesions, i.e., cerebral hemorrhage, edema, and infarction as well as demyelinating diseases and various neurodegenerative processes. Let us consider the following analogy: When a new generation of giant cosmic telescopes became available to astronomers, the significance of these new tools was not limited to an increased resolution or to clearer and more informative images. They brought about a new level of understanding of the universe. Similarly, with increased field strength in MR imaging and hence with increased resolution, we began to obtain images of unprecedented resolution and contrast that had not even been anticipated. Improvements came from several different avenues besides the obvious signal-to-noise improvement predicted by the laws of physics. We began to see various changes in physical parameters such as changes in T1 and T2 relaxation times or, rather, in their combinations. On another front, we have witnessed great advances in the imaging of human cadavers using cryomacrotome with increased sophistication and techniques. Now, one can create cadaver images of unprecedented resolution and contrast with markedly conserved brain structures. With all these super-resolution images that can be obtained with UHF MRI such as 7.0 T and the advanced cryomacrotome technology developed recently, we thought that development of a New Brain Atlas would be an important and timely contribution to the medical and neuroscience community. Therefore, in this book, we made a set of ultrahigh-resolution brain images obtained from a cadaver by cryomacrotome and by reconstructed partner images (sagittal and coronal), together with corresponding in vivo ultrahigh-resolution human brain images obtained by 7.0 T MRI. Thus, we have been able to obtain a complete set for the entire brain atlas with axial, sagittal, and coronal images of the cadaver and a 7.0 T MRI of the in vivo brain. In this book, we applied a reference system that can be applicable to both cadaver gross anatomy and MRI anatomy. In addition, a system of Cartesian axes is defined on the midpoint of the central intercommissural distance with coordinates expressed in mm and +/− in axial, coronal, and sagittal planes. This system will enable us to standardize the sectional planes and the levels of the slices in any brain that may be encountered in practice. We have also applied a “reference adjusted unit,” which is designed for the reader, the MRI user, to predict the structure to be seen at any level of plane regardless of the absolute size of the brain that is obtained by clinical MRI. We expect that our image-numbering system could contribute to the establishment of clinicopathologic mapping of the human brain through massive global feedback of related information. Eventually, we hope that this book will serve as a roadmap both in the clinical arena and for neuroscience researchers for years to come. Zang-Hee Cho Min Suk Chung Je-Geum Chi Duk L. Na

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Preface to the Second Edition

Since the publication of the first edition of this Atlas, we were convinced that the precise localization of the reference system was much in need for easier identification; therefore, we have integrated a new coordinate system in this new edition. In this revised edition, therefore, we have put a coordinate matrix in every image, both cadaver and MRI, based on a central intercommissural line to make a more convenient approach for the readers. By doing this, readers would be able to compare their images with those of others based on the same coordinate system. The other major revision is that we have reduced the book size for handiness without reduction of real brain size of the original images seen in the first edition. Because of the reduction of the book size, all the labels are abbreviated and explained at the bottom of every image. As we are also working on the 7.0 T MRI Tractography Atlas, we have learned many new fiber tracts “hidden” in the white matter, and therefore, some of the tracts are newly labeled in this Atlas based on cadaver and MRI images. For this edition, we would like to appreciate Dr. Jin Seo Park for his critical review of the revision and Sang-Han Choi for editing the manuscripts. Zang-Hee Cho Min Suk Chung Je-Geum Chi Duk L. Na

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Table of Contents

Foreword ··············································································································································· viii Preface ························································································································································ x Preface of the 2nd Edition

·············································································································· xii

Introduction ·········································································································································· xiv Reference of Brain Image Setting ·············································································································· xiv Orientation of Brain Images ······················································································································· xiv Orientation of Image Sections and Planes Standard of the Sectional Brain Image Planes and Sizes Adjustment of the MRI Brain to the Reference Brain Terminology & Labeling Data Collection System for Clinicopathologic Brain Mapping Sources of Brain Images ································································································································ xx In vivo Images using 7.0T MRI Cadaver Images by Cryomacrotome Image reconstruction and volume rendering 3D Images by Volume Rendering ············································································································· xxii Coronal, Sagittal and Axial Cuts – Cadaver (Fig. 4) Coronal, Sagittal and Axial Cuts – MRI (Fig. 5) Sulcus and Gyrus – MRI (Fig. 6) Brodmann areas – MRI (Fig. 7)

Acknowledgements ····································································································································· xxvi

Part I. Coronal Images of Cadaver and Human Brain of 7.0 T MRI In Vivo ··············································· 1 Part II. Sagittal Images of Cadaver and Human Brain of 7.0 T MRI In Vivo ··········································· 183 Part III. Axial Images of Cadaver and Human Brain of 7.0 T MRI In Vivo ··············································· 345

References ································································································································································ 510 Abbreviations ·························································································································································· 511 Index ········································································································································································ 520

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Introduction

Reference of Brain Image Setting The cadaver brain used in this atlas was designated as the “reference” brain; this is because this brain was used as a reference to be compared with brain images obtained by 7.0 T MRI. However, note that the cadaver image does not mean the “standard” brain image. All the slices are shown in a 2 mm interval (or distance) starting from the zero point in the axial and coronal axis images, ±2 mm from the center, with the anterior commissure (AC) and posterior commissure (PC) line being aligned as the midline of the axial slice and the center point of the AC-PC line as the midline of the coronal slice. In sagittal slices, both cadaver and MRI images start from ±2 mm from the center point, with the AC-PC line being aligned to the midline. Images of the cadaver (reference) brain were juxtaposed with 7.0 T MRI images of a living subject to compare the anatomy of the brain. In each set of images, the cadaver (reference) brain image is placed on the left page while the corresponding MRI image is placed on the right page to facilitate a comparison. We have attempted to match the MRI brain images as closely as possible with the cadaver images. This type of presentation will facilitate correlational visualization of the anatomy of the reference image with that of the corresponding MR image.

Orientation of Brain Images Orientation of Image Sections and Planes Even though several common protocols exist, there is no fully defined standard for the orientation of sectional images up to now. There has been considerable confusion about axial images, for example. It is true that all the coronal images in clinical practice are now viewed as shown in Fig. 1 (i) as if the examiner and the patient viewed each other face to face. The left side of the sagittal image is seen on the right side as if we looked face to face (See Fig. 1 (ii)). The axial-view images are also shown as if the examiner looked at a patient from the bottom up. This type of arrangement of axial-, sagittal-, and coronal-view images has been widely adopted in recent years. Therefore, we will follow that convention in our New Brain Atlas also (see Fig. 1). Standard of the Sectional Brain Image Planes and Sizes For the sake of convenience, we have presented all the images of the reference brain as well as the MRI brain in our atlas on the scale of 1:1. In other words, both cadaver and MRI images are all in the actual metric base frames and systems except for the expanded images. It is known that the average shrinkage of the cerebral hemisphere resulting from freezing is approximately 1 %; therefore, that shrinkage may be neglected. For the reader’s convenience, we have displayed a few selected view images with expanded views to visualize the details of the images. We believe that the expanded or magnified images provide information not previously available.

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Extracerebral reference lines have been generally used in radiography, computed tomography (CT), and MRI studies. In 1962, the World Federation of Radiology defined Reid’s base line as the line between the infraorbital margin and the upper margin of the external auditory meatus. In radiological practice, however, the canthomeatal line has been more frequently used. The canthomeatal line is the line between the lateral canthus and the central point of the external auditory meatus. The line is tilted approximately 10° nose up with respect to Reid’s base line, which approximately parallels the “true” horizontal line. However, intracerebral reference points have not been standardized. In stereotactic surgery, the foramen of the Monroposterior commissure line or the anterior commissure–posterior commissure line has been used. Schaltenbrand et al. and Talairach et al. suggested that anterior and posterior commissures might be considered to have a constant relationship with the deep cerebral structures. They proposed using the line between these two structures as the basic reference line. In our New Brain Atlas, the horizontal plane passing through the central point of the anterior commissure (AC) and the posterior commissure (PC) of the reference brain is designated as the reference axial plane defined as the central AC–PC intercommissural line. This differs from the convention used in stereotaxy and functional MRI, where the tangential AC–PC line passes through the superior edge of the AC and the inferior edge of the PC (see Fig. 2). The central AC–PC line is approximately 10° nose up with respect to Reid’s base line. We thought, therefore, that the central AC–PC line is equivalent to the extracerebral canthomeatal line and can be used as an intracerebral reference axial line for the anatomical horizontal plane (see Fig. 3). We have extended the concept of the central AC–PC line to the entire brain. We found that our AC–PC line is easy to define and independent of the sizes of the AC and the PC, which vary from 3 to 6 mm and from 2 to 4 mm, respectively. We also found that our central AC–PC line is approximately parallel to the canthomeatal line. This line is approximately parallel to the “true” horizontal plane. We thought, therefore, that the central AC–PC line could be designated as an anatomical horizontal plane of the brain. This is close to the normal position of the head in the living subject. In our book, as mentioned earlier, we have adopted the system of Cartesian coordinates, where the x-axis is defined by the central AC–PC line and by the midpoint of the intercommissural distance as x = 0. The horizontal plane is defined as an axial plane, i.e., an x-y plane, which contains the AC–PC line at the center, with a positive sign superiorly (axial plane) and a negative sign inferiorly. The y-z plane, which contains the AC–PC line, is defined as the center plane of the sagittal planes. Similarly for the coronal plane, the x-z plane is assumed, and those planes anterior to the midline plane are set with a positive sign, while posterior planes are noted as negative. As implied, the central coronal image is defined as the image plane at the center of the AC–PC line. For the sagittal-view images, those on the left side are set as negative, while those at the right are denoted as positive. The midline image is set with the longitudinal cerebral fissure as the origin. In this book, the axial planes are sequenced from superior (1) to inferior (2), whereas the coronal planes progress from anterior (1) to posterior (2). The sagittal planes are arranged from right (1) to left (2) (see Figs. 1 and 3). Adjustment of the MRI Brain to the Reference Brain In order to easily accommodate the anatomical images of the reference brain to different sizes of in vivo brain images that will be obtained by an MRI, we have introduced a “Reference Adjusted Unit (RAU)” noted in millimeters (mm). The RAU (mm) represents the MRI image, which resembles the cadaver images. For example, the thalamus lies at the same RAU for both a given MRI and a cadaver image but not in the actual mm scale given in the atlas.

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Recognizing that the actual measurements of brains are subject to individual variations, all three standard planes of the MRI in this atlas are generated from the same individual, a 27-year-old healthy man. The actual lengths in millimeters from the reference points are shown in every slice of MRI in this atlas. Their actual measurements were shown in mm, and the corresponding RAU in mm was shown as No. X. We put the actual mm values in parenthesis next to the RAU number. For instance, “Axial-MRI: No. 162 (166 mm)” means “an axial MR image that is located at 66 mm superior to the reference axial plane (AC–PC plane), which also corresponds to the cadaver (reference) brain image at 62 mm superior to the reference axial plane, which is “No. 162.” A similar compensation technique is applied to individual variations in both the coronal and sagittal planes. Terminology and Labeling Different authors use different names for the same brain structures. In this atlas, in an attempt to use the most up-to-date anatomical terminology, we have adopted the standards used in Terminologia Anatomica by the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists published in 1998. It supersedes the previous standards in Nomina Anatomica. Many commonly used positional and directional notations are abbreviated. For example, ant. stands for anterior, post. for posterior, sup. for superior, inf. for inferior, lat. for lateral, med. for medial, int. for internal, and ext. for external. Every identifiable anatomical structure was labeled on both the cadaver brain and the MRI brain. Because of the structural difference between the right and left hemispheres, important structures were labeled on both sides. The cerebral gyri were generally labeled at the white matter core rather than the cortical surface. In the brainstem, the major nuclei and tracts are labeled in the expanded views. We have also divided all the brain sections into major anatomical compartments, i.e., frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, brainstem, and cerebellum, and also depicted the laterality such as right (R) and left (L). The structures that appear more than once were labeled in number (this does not apply in expended views). Data Collection System for Clinicopathologic Brain Mapping If a clinicopathologic mapping of the human brain was available, it would be a useful supplementary source of information for clinical diagnosis by neuroradiologists as well as for the scientist in neuroscience research. We have to admit, however, that this clinicopathologic brain mapping could only be established by collecting massive amounts of data from clinicians, particularly radiologists handling MRI, scattered throughout the world. Through the collaboration and unselfish support of radiologists and clinicians, we might be able to establish a valuable database that could benefit everyone in this field. For instance, a focal lesion of any size could be traced via the image-numbering system that is presented in this New Brain Atlas. First, all MR images should be produced based on x-, y-, and z-axes at the midpoint (0, 0, 0) of the anterior commissure and the posterior commissure so that those images are consistent with our atlas in Cartesian coordinates. Images are then normalized to our New Brain Atlas. The determination of a location of the pathological finding could then be possible simply by using the grid system consisting of coronal (x), sagittal (y), and axial (z) section lines (Fig. 3). The target point is obtained, then would be indicated as single dot, or indicating a midpoint of a target area, identifying a lesion, for instance, in three dimensions. For instance, C(y) – 10, S(x) + 28, A(z) – 20 indicates axial 20 mm inferior to the AC–PC plane, coronal 10 mm posterior to the midpoint of the AC–PC distance, and sagittal 28 mm right to the midsagittal plane. This three-dimensional location of the lesion would be reported to the NRI center with pertinent neurological findings, together with an identification of the patient (see, e.g., Figs. 4 and 5).

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(i) Coronal view

Superior

Right

7.0T

Left

(i) Coronal Slice +z +y +x (ii) Sagittal view

Inferior Superior

Anterior

(ii) Sagittal Slice

Posterior

Inferior (iii) Axial view

Anterior

(iii) Axial Slice

Right

Left

Posterior

Fig. 1 Views and directions of the brain image

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Anterior commissure

Posterior commissure

Central AC-PC Diagram Tangential intercommissural line

Habenular commissure Pineal recess

Pineal body

Central intercommissural line Quadrigeminal plate

7.0T T2* Image

Central intercommissural line

1.5T T1 Image

Central intercommissural line

Fig. 2 Definition of central intercommissural line (central AC–PC line)

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+1z

+1x

+1y AC

0 PC

−2x

−2y

−2z

+z

Sign of data slice Coronal(x) Sagittal(y) Axial(z)

Anterior side of center of AC-PC line Posterior side of center of AC-PC line

+y (+) –y (–)

Right side of AC-PC line Left side of AC-PC line

+x (+) –x (–)

Superior side of AC-PC line Inferior side of AC-PC line

+z (+) –z (–)

108 +y

AC

PC AC-PC li

ne -y Reid’s base line (RBL) Cantho meatal line (CM L)

108 08

-z

Fig. 3 Standardization and data set

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Sources of Brain Images In Vivo Images Using 7.0 T MRI MRI: 7.0 T Research Prototype MRI at NRI, Gachon Univ. of Med. & Sci. Volunteer: M, 27 years Axial: No. + 62 (+66 mm) ~ No. −58 (−64 mm): 2 mm interval, Central AC–PC line is set as 0 mm Sagittal: No. + 60 (+65 mm) ~ No. −60 (−65 mm): 2 mm interval, Center is set at the longitudinal cerebral fissure Coronal: No. + 64 (+66 mm) ~ No. −72 (−80 mm): 2 mm interval, Midpoint of AC–PC line is set as 0 mm

Our prototype MRI consists of a Siemens Magnetom 7.0 T with a Siemens Avanto series console and electronics. The 7.0 T MRI gradient coil consists of a water-cooled gradient with a field strength of 40 mT/m (4 G/cm). All the images were acquired using a conventional 2D Gradient Echo (GRE) sequence. The specific MRI parameters used were repetition time (TR) 750 ms, echo time (TE) 17.8 ms, flip angle 45°, total number of slices per acquisition time (TA) of 12.50 min (or 6.30 min with reduction factor 2 in SENSE mode) 17, and bandwidth (BW) 30. The in-plane resolution was 0.25 mm, with a slice thickness of 2 mm. Cardiac gating was used to minimize pulsation artifacts during in vivo human brain imaging. The nonuniformity of the whole brain imaging was then corrected by a post-processing. We used a specifically designed 7.0 T brain-optimized SENSE coil (200 mm long and 300 mm in diameter), which can cover the entire brain. Our design features include the elongation of the coil to cover the entire brain, especially the lower part. The design incorporates multiple symmetric loop coils to encompass the entire brain from the top of the brain to the lower part of the brain in a crownlike shape. Among many candidates, we have selected the image set of a healthy male volunteer in his twenties. The legal and ethical aspects of the experiments performed for this study were reviewed and approved by the institutional review board (IRB) as well as the government authority, the Korean Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). Cadaver Images by Cryomacrotome

Cryomacrotome: Cryomacrotome designed and developed at Ajou Univ. Volunteer: M, 67 years Axial: No. + 62 (+62 mm) ~ No. −58 (−58 mm): 2 mm interval, Central AC–PC line is set as 0 mm Sagittal: No. + 60 (+60 mm) ~ No. −60 (−60 mm): 2 mm interval, Center is set at the longitudinal cerebral fissure Coronal: No. + 64 (+64 mm) ~ No. −72 (−72 mm): 2 mm interval, Midpoint of AC–PC line is set as 0 mm

The cadaver used for this atlas is that of a 67-year-old male, 162 cm tall, weighing 45 kg, who died of cardiorespiratory arrest. He was known to have myasthenia gravis, for which he had been treated for the last several years. He experienced several bouts of an acute upper respiratory infection prior to his death. His body was first brought to the MRI machine to get a precise axial line along the anterior commissure and the posterior commissure and a sagittal line along the longitudinal cerebral fissure. The axial and sagittal lines were marked with laser indicators. After that, the cadaver was frozen to −70 °C for 7 days. The head, together with the upper chest, were separated from the main body. The head block was placed into a specially made rectangular frame and frozen again slowly, together with embedding media.

xxi

The head block was serially sectioned to a 0.1 mm thickness using a cryomacrotome. The sectioning, the rotating speed of the cutting disc, and the advancing speed of the embedding box were adjusted so that 0.1 mm sectioning at each step was precisely accomplished. The sectioning started from the top of the head and advanced inferiorly along the horizontal plane to the upper end of the spinal cord. A total of 1,248 sectioned surfaces were made, each of which was photographed using a digital camera (Canon EOS 5D; 50 mm microlens) and digitized to produce a digital image with 0.1 mm pixel size. Image Reconstruction and Volume Rendering Based on the original digital axial image data obtained from the horizontal sectioning of the cadaver, we have reconstructed both digital coronal and sagittal images. Image errors such as misalignment and nonuniformity in brightness were corrected with image-processing techniques. To verify specific structures of the brain, 3D volume rendering was carried out with both cadaver images and 7.0 T MRI images (Figs. 6 and 7). We then have outlined the axial brain image at every 1 mm interval. The brain images are stacked to produce 3D images that were used for the identification of structures on 3D planes. Rendering of the surface anatomy of the cerebral hemisphere was also carried out on both the cadaver brain and the MRI brain so that individual gyrus and sulcus as well as deep structures could be identified and matched in all three planes.

xxii

3D Images by Volume Rendering

Superior view Left

Inferior view Right

Right

Left

No.60 No.50 No.40 No.30 No.20 No.10 No.0 No.–10 No.–20 No.–30 No.–40 No.–50 No.–60 No.–70

No.60 No.50 No.40 No.30 No.20 No.10 No.0 No.–10 No.–20 No.–30 No.–40 No.–50 No.–60 No.–70

Posterior view

Frontal view

No.60 No.40 No.20 No.0 No.–20 No.–40 No.–60 No.50 No.30 No.10 No.–10 No.–30 No.–50

Left

No.60 No.40 No.20 No.0 No.–20 No.–40 No.–60 No.50 No.30 No.10 No.–10 No.–30 No.–50

Right

Right

Right lateral view

Left

Left lateral view No.60 No.50 No.40 No.30 No.20 No.10 No.0 No.–10 No.–20 No.–30 No.–40 No.–50 XX

Fig. 4 Coronal, sagittal, and axial cuts—cadaver

No.60 No.50 No.40 No.30 No.20 No.10 No.0 No.–10 No.–20 No.–30 No.–40 No.–50

xxiii

Superior view Left

Inferior view Right

Right

No.60 No.50 No.40 No.30 No.20 No.10 No.0

No.60 No.50 No.40 No.30 No.20 No.10 No.0

No.–10

No.–10

No.–20 No.–30

No.–20 No.–30

No.–40 No.–50

No.–40 No.–50

No.–60

No.–60

No.–70

No.–70

Posterior view

Frontal view

No.60 No.40 No.20 No.0 No.–20 No.–40 No.–60 No.50 No.30 No.10 No.–10 No.–30 No.–50

Left

Left

No.60 No.40 No.20 No.0 No.–20 No.–40 No.–60 No.50 No.30 No.10 No.–10 No.–30 No.–50

Right

Right

Right lateral view

Left

Left lateral view No.60 No.50 No.40 No.30 No.20 No.10 No.0 No.–10 No.–20 No.–30 No.–40 No.–50 XX

Fig. 5 Coronal, sagittal, and axial cuts—MRI

No.60 No.50 No.40 No.30 No.20 No.10 No.0 No.–10 No.–20 No.–30 No.–40 No.–50

xxiv

Sulcus Gyrus & Lobe

Precentral gyrus Precentral sulcus Superior frontal gyrus

Central sulcus (Rolandic Fissure) Postcentral gyrus Postcentral sulcus

Inferior frontal sulcus Superior parietal lobule

Middle frontal gyrus

Supramarginal gyrus

Superior frontal sulcus Inferior frontal gyrus opercular part

Intraparietal sulcus

Inferior frontal gyrus triangular part

Angular Gyrus

Occipital lobe

Inferior frontal gyrus orbital part Lateral orbital gyrus

Inferior temporal gyrus Inferior temporal sulcus

Lateral sulcus (Sylvian fissure)

Middle temporal gyrus Superior temporal gyrus

Superior temporal sulcus Paracentral lobule

Precentral sulcus

Central sulcus

Corpus callosum, body Marginal sulcus Sulcus of corpus callosum Cingulate gyrus

Precuneus

Superior frontal gyrus Cingulate sulcus

Parieto-occipital sulcus Corpus callosum, splenium

Corpus callosum, genu

Thalamus

Cuneus

Subcallosal gyrus Calcarine sulcus Lingual gyrus

Gyrus rectus

Occipitotemporal sulcus Lateral occipitotemporal (fusiform) gyrus Parahippocampal gyrus

Medial occipitotemporal (fusiform) gyrus Collateral sulcus

Rhinal sulcus Uncus

Fig. 6 Sulcus and gyrus—MRI

Inferior temporal gyrus

xxv

5 4

8

31

6

7

2

9 9

10

46

40

43

45 44

7 40

6

39

41 22

47 11

18

19

38

17

21

21

19

37

20

20

6

4

1 2 5 3

8 7 31

24 9

32

23

24 33

19 10

29 26

Thalamus 25 12 25 11 38

Fig. 7 Brodmann areas—MRI

36

27

30

34 28 35

20

37

18 17 18 19

17

xxvi

Acknowledgments

This atlas was made possible through the generous support of Dr. Gil-Ya Lee, Chair of the Gil Foundation, whose vision was instrumental in establishing and supporting the Neuroscience Research Institute (NRI). All staff members of the NRI have enjoyed and appreciated the opportunity to work at one of the most advanced research facilities in the world. Thanks are also due to Dr. Chul-Ock Lee, former adviser to the NRI, whose enthusiasm, commitment, dedication, and support made the NRI what it is now. We would also like to thank Simens as well as their technical staff, who helped us make the 7.0 T system work and function. Without their help, it could not be possible to obtain these fine images, as it is seen in the book. The authors and collaborators are indebted to a large number of individuals both within and outside the NRI who greatly contributed to this project. Due to space limitations, it is impossible to list them all, but we are grateful to all of them. The following individuals deserve our special gratitude: First, we would like to express our gratitude and respect to the cadaver donor for granting permission to use his body for medical research and teaching and to the volunteer who allowed us to procure his MRI images. We would like to thank all members of the NRI who worked on this project including the students who helped create the brain maps and improve their appearance: Myung-Ho In, M.Sc., Nam-Bum Kim, M.Sc., Sung-Tae Kim, M.Sc., So-Hee Lee, B.A., Chan-A Park, B.A., Jung-Hwan Kim, B.A., Seok-Il Hwang, B.A., Sung-Yeon Park, B.A., and Keum-Hwan Ryu, B.A.. Without their efforts, this project could not be accomplished. We would like to thank the Departments of Anatomy of the Seoul National University and the Catholic University for letting us review cadaver brains to verify the consistency of the AC–PC plane. Thanks are also due to Dr. Kyu-Chang Wang, Professor of Neurosurgery at the Seoul National University College of Medicine, for his advice in formulating the reference adjustment. We would like to thank Dr. Kun-Sang Kim, Professor of Radiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine; Dr. Dong-Ik Kim, Professor of Neuroradiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Dr. Gham Hur, Professor of Radiology, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital; and Dr. In One Kim, Professor of Radiology, Seoul National University Children’s Hospital, for their advice in formulating the reference plane. We would like to thank the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information for the financial support during the making of the reference brain images. We also appreciate the collaboration of Ki Ho Im, MS, Hanyang University; Hyun Ji Kwon, BA, Samsung Medical center; and Hong Gyun Park, MD, Yonsei University.

Chapter I Coronal Images of Cadaver and Human Brain of 7.0 T MRI In Vivo

Coronal Slices of the Cadaver

No.+64(+64mm) No.+62(+62mm) No.+60(+60mm) No.+56(+58mm) No.+56(+56mm) No.+54(+54mm) No.+52(+52mm) No.+50(+50mm) No.+48(+48mm) No.+46(+46mm) No.+44(+44mm) No.+42(+42mm) No.+40(+40mm) No.+38(+38mm) No.+36(+36mm) No.+34(+34mm) No.+32(+32mm) No.+30(+30mm) No.+28(+28mm) No.+26(+26mm) No.+24(+24mm) No.+22(+22mm) No.+20(+20mm) No.+18(+18mm) No.+16(+16mm) No.+14(+14mm) No.+12(+12mm) No.+10(+10mm) No. +8(+8mm) No. +6( +6mm) No. +4( +4mm) No. +2( +2mm) No. +0( +0mm) No. -2( -2mm) No. -4( -4mm) No. -6( -6mm) No. -8( -8mm) No. -10( -10mm) No. -12( -12mm) No. -14( -14mm) No. -16( -16mm) No. -18( -18mm) No. -20( -20mm) No. -22( -22mm) No. -24( -24mm) No. -26( -26mm) No. -28( -28mm) No. -30( -30mm) No. -32( -32mm) No. -34( -34mm) No. -36( -36mm) No. -38( -38mm) No. -40( -40mm) No. -42( -42mm) No. -44( -44mm) No. -46( -46mm) No. -48( -48mm) No. -50( -50mm) No. -52( -52mm) No. -54( -54mm) No. -56( -56mm) No. -58( -58mm) No. -60( -60mm) No. -62( -62mm) No. -64( -64mm) No. -66( -66mm) No. -68( -68mm) No. -70( -70mm) No. -72( -72mm)

Expanded view

Expanded view

Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view

Expanded view

Expanded view

2

Coronal Slices of the 7.0 T MRI

No.+64(+66mm) No.+60(+62mm) No.+62(+64mm) No.+56(+60mm) No.+56(+58mm) No.+54(+56mm) No.+52(+54mm) No.+50(+52mm) No.+48(+50mm) No.+46(+48mm) No.+44(+46mm) No.+42(+44mm) No.+40(+42mm) No.+38(+40mm) No.+36(+38mm) No.+34(+36mm) No.+32(+34mm) No.+30(+32mm) No.+28(+30mm) No.+26(+28mm) No.+24(+26mm) No.+22(+24mm) No.+20(+22mm) No.+18(+20mm) No.+16(+18mm) No.+14(+16mm) No.+12(+14mm) No.+10(+12mm) No. +8(+10mm) No. +6( +8mm) No. +4( +6mm) No. +2( +4mm) No. +0( +2mm) No. -1( +0mm) No. -2( -2mm) No. -4( -4mm) No. -6( -6mm) No. -8( -8mm) No. -10(-10mm) No. -12(-12mm) No. -13(-14mm) No. -14(-16mm) No. -16(-18mm) No. -18(-20mm) No. -20(-22mm) No. -22(-24mm) No. -24(-26mm) No. -26(-28mm) No. -28(-30mm) No. -30(-32mm) No. -32(-34mm) No. -33(-36mm) No. -34(-38mm) No. -36(-40mm) No. -38(-42mm) No. -40(-44mm) No. -42(-46mm) No. -44(-48mm) No. -46(-50mm) No. -48(-52mm) No. -50(-54mm) No. -51(-56mm) No. -52(-58mm) No. -54(-60mm) No. -56(-62mm) No. -58(-64mm) No. -60(-66mm) No. -62(-68mm) No. -64(-70mm) No. -66(-72mm) No. -68(-74mm) No. -70(-76mm) No. -72(-78mm)

Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view

Expanded view Expanded view

3

Coronal - Cadaver +64(+64mm)

A

P

ImFS

+ 80

R

MObG MFG(1)

SFS SFG

SSS

CF

SFG

SRG

SFS

MFG

L

MObG

MFG(2)

LObG LObG

FMG FMG

SOM

RIGHT

0

SRM

SOM

MRM

MRM

LaG

LaG

IOM

IOM

IRM IRM

– 80

MNC + 50

CF: Cerebral falx FMG: Frontomarginal gyrus ImFS: Intermediate frontal sulcus INC: Inferior nasal concha IOM: Inferior oblique muscle IRM: Inferior rectus muscle LaG: Lacrimal gland LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LPS: Levator palpebrae superioris muscle MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MNC: Middle nasal concha MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MRM: Medial rectus muscle

INC

INC

SepC 0

MxS: Maxillary sinus SepC: Septal cartilage SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SOM: Superior oblique muscle SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SRM: Superior rectus muscle SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

4

MNC

IobN – 50

MxS

LEFT

SRM

LPS

Coronal - MRI +64(+66mm)

A

P

L

SFG(2)

SFG(1)

SFG(2) + 80

SFG(1)

CF CF

SSS

R

SFS SFS

MFG

0

IFS

MFG(2)

FMG FMG

Ey

ObG + 50

ObG 0

CF: Cerebral falx Ey: Eyeball FMG: Frontomarginal gyrus IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus ObG: Orbital gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

5

Ey – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIG RI GHT H RIGHT

MFG(1)

Coronal - Cadaver +62(+62mm)

A

+ 80

P

MFG(2)

ImFS

R

MFG(1)

SFS

SFG

SSS

CF

SFG(1) SFG(2)

SRG

L

SFS

MFG(1)

AObG ImFS IFS MFG(2) FMG IFS

LObG

LObG

0

FMS LPS AObG SRM

SRM

SOM

SOM

LRM

LRM

IOM

IOM

IRM − 80

MRM

IRM + 50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx FMG: Frontomarginal gyrus FMS: Frontomarginal sulcus IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ImFS: Intermediate frontal sulcus IOM: Inferior oblique muscle IRM: Inferior rectus muscle LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LPS: Levator palpebrae superioris muscle LRM: Lateral rectus muscle MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus

MObG

SepC 0

MRM: Medial rectus muscle SepC: Septal cartilage SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SOM: Superior oblique muscle SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SRM: Superior rectus muscle SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

6

MObG

MRM

IobN − 50

LEFT

RIGHT

FMG FMS

Coronal - MRI +62(+64mm)

A

P

SFS

L

SFG(2)

SFG(1)

CF

SSS

SFG(1)

TFPG

R

SFG(2)

+ 80

SFS

MFG SRG

MFG

IFS 0

FMG

FMG LObG

LObG

AObG

Ey Ey

MObG + 50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx Ey: Eyeball FMG: Frontomarginal gyrus IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

IRG 0

TFPG: Transverse frontopolar gyrus

7

MObG

AObG – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IFS

Coronal - Cadaver +60(+60mm)

A

P

MFG(1)

+ 80

R

SFS

SFG

SRG(1)

STFG

CF

SSS

SF SRG(1) STFG SRG(2) SFS

L

MFG

ImFS

ImFS IRG

SRG(2)

MFG(2) IFS IFS IFG

FMG

FMS LObG

RIGHT

AObG

LObG

0

IRG

AObG

SG SRM

LPS SRM

FZS

FZS LRM

LRM SOM SOM IOM – 80

MRM

IRM

MObG

MNC

+ 50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx FMG: Frontomarginal gyrus FMS: Frontomarginal sulcus FZS: Frontozygomatic suture IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ImFS: Intermediate frontal sulcus INC: Inferior nasal concha IOM: Inferior oblique muscle IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus IRM: Inferior rectus muscle LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus

LPS: Levator palpebrae superioris muscle LRM: Lateral rectus muscle MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MNC: Middle nasal concha MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MRM: Medial rectus muscle SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SOM: Superior oblique muscle SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SRM: Superior rectus muscle SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

INC

MObG 0

STFG: Superior transverse frontopolar gyrus

8

MRM

IobN

IRM – 50

LEFT

FMG

FMS

Coronal - MRI +60(+62mm)

A

P

L

SFG(1)

SFG(2)

CF

STFG

SSS

SFG(1)

SFG(2)

R

SFS

+ 80

MFG(1)

SFS MFG(2)

MFG IFS

SRG

IFS

0

FMG

FMG

LObG

LObG

SRG

Ey

AObG

MObG

IRG

SG(1)

+ 50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx Ey: Eyeball FMG: Frontomarginal gyrus IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG:Straight gyrus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus

SG(2)

IRG 0

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STFG: Superior transverse frontopolar gyrus

9

MObG

AObG – 50

Ey

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

STFG

Coronal - Cadaver +58(+58mm)

A

P

MFG

+ 80

R

SRG

SFS

SFG

SGFT

CF

SRG

SSS

SFG

STFG

SRG IRG

SFS

L

MFG

ImFS MFG(2)

MFG(2) SG

IRG

IFS

FMS IFG FMG

FMG LEFT

RIGHT

AObG

LObG 0

LObG SRM

SRM

SOM

SOM

LRM LRM MObG

MRM – 80

MRM IRM

MObG + 50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx FMG: Frontomarginal gyrus FMS: Frontomarginal sulcus IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ImFS: Intermediate frontal sulcus INC: Inferior nasal concha IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus IRM: Inferior rectus muscle LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LRM: Lateral rectus muscle MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

SG

INC 0

MNC: Middle nasal concha MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MRM: Medial rectus muscle SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SOM: Superior oblique muscle SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SRM: Superior rectus muscle SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STFG: Superior transverse frontopolar gyrus

10

MNC

IRM

IobN – 50

Coronal - MRI +58(+60mm)

A

P

SFS

L

STFG

SFG(2)

SFG(1)

SSS SFG(1)

CF

SCV

STFG

R

SFG(2) SRG

+ 80

SFS

MFG(1) MFG

IFS

MFG(2)

IRG

FMG 0

FMG

LObG

LObG AObG

Ey

Ey

SRG

MObG

IRG

OlS

+ 50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx Ey: Eyeball FMG: Frontomarginal gyrus IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus

SG

SG 0

SG: Straight gyrus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STFG: Superior transverse frontopolar gyrus

11

MObG

AObG − 50

− 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IFS

Coronal - Cadaver +56(+56mm)

A

P

IR

+ 80

R

MFG

SRG

SFS STFG

SFG

SSS

CS

CF

STFG SFG

SRG

SFS

L

MFG(1)

ImFS(1) IRG

ImFS

ImFS(2)

SG

MFG(2)

OlS FMG

IFS

0

FMG

AObG

LObG

LObG

LObS

SG

SRM

SRM

SOM SOM LRM LRM MObG MObG MRM

MRM

IRM – 80

OlB

MNC + 50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx CS: Cingulate sulcus FMG: Frontomarginal gyrus IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ImFS: Intermediate frontal sulcus INC: Inferior nasal concha IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus IRM: Inferior rectus muscle LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LObS: Lateral orbital sulcus LRM: Lateral rectus muscle MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

INC

INC 0

MNC: Middle nasal concha MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MRM: Medial rectus muscle OlB: Olfactory bulb OlS: Olfactory sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SOM: Superior oblique muscle SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SRM: Superior rectus muscle SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STFG: Superior transverse frontopolar gyrus

12

MNC

IRM – 50

LEFT

RIGHT

AObG

Coronal - MRI +56(+58mm)

A

P

SRG

L

SFG(2)

STFG

SFG(1)

SSS

CF

SFG(1)

R

SFG(2)

+ 80

SCV

SFS

SFS MFG STFG

MFG

IFS

FMG

0

FMG LObG

LObG

AObG SRG

Ey

MObG

IRG

+ 50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx Ey: Eyeball FMG: Frontomarginal gyrus IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus

SG

SG 0

SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STFG: Superior transverse frontopolar gyrus

13

IRG

MObG

AObG − 50

Ey

− 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IFS

Coronal - Cadaver +54(+54mm)

A

P

ImFS

+ 80

R

CS MFG(1) SRG SFS SFG STFG SSS

CF

SFG

SFS

L

MFG

IRG SG MFG(2) MFG(3)

IFS

LObG LObG IFS

RIGHT

0

AObG

SG

SRM SRM TrM SOM ON LRM LRM ON

SOM MRM

– 80

IRM MObG

OlS + 50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ImFS: Intermediate frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus IRM: Inferior rectus muscle LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LRM: Lateral rectus muscle MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MRM: Medial rectus muscle

OlB

OlS 0

OlB: Olfactory bulb OlS: Olfactory sulcus ON: Optic nerve SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SOM: Superior oblique muscle SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SRM: Superior rectus muscle SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STFG: Superior transverse frontopolar gyrus TrM: Trapezius muscle

14

MObG

IRM – 50

MRM

LEFT

IFGob

IFGob

Coronal - MRI +54(+56mm)

A

P

SFS

L

SFG

CF

SFG(1)

SSS

SFG(2)

R

SFS

+ 80

STFG

MFG(1) MFG(1)

STFG

MFG(2)

MFG(2)

IFS

0

IFGob(1) IFGob IFGob(2) CS

LObG LObG SRG

AObG

SRG

OlS

IRG

+50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus

SG

SG 0

SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STFG: Superior transverse frontopolar gyrus

15

IRG

MObG – 50

AObG

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IFS

Coronal - Cadaver +52(+52mm)

A

P

Im FS

+ 80

CG

R

M FG (1) SFS

SFG

CF

SSS

CG

SFG

SFS

MFG

L

AObG

CS IFS

MFG(2) SRG MFG(3)

IFGob

IFS(1) IRG

LObG

IFS(2)

SRM

IFGob 0

LEFT

RIGHT

LObS

MObG SOM SRM SOM

ON

LRM LRM ON

MRM MRM

IRM IRM – 80

OlS

SG + 50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ImFS: Intermediate frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus IRM: Inferior rectus muscle LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LObS: Lateral orbital sulcus LRM: Lateral rectus muscle MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

OlB

OlB 0

MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MRM: Medial rectus muscle OlB: Olfactory bulb OlS: Olfactory sulcus ON: Optic nerve SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SOM: Superior oblique muscle SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SRM: Superior rectus muscle SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

16

SG

MObG – 50

Coronal - MRI +52(+54mm)

A

P

L

SFS

SFG

CF

SSS

SFG(1)

CG(1)

SFG(2)

R

SFS

+ 80

MFG(1) CS(1)

MFG(1) CS

CG

MFG(2) MFG(2)

IFS 0

IFGob(1)

IFGob

IFGob(2)

LObG

LObG AObG

AObG

CS(2)

MObG

SG

IRG

+ 50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus

SG

SRG

MObG – 50

SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

17

CG(2)

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IFS

Coronal - Cadaver +50(+50mm)

A

P

R

SRG CS(2) MFG(1) CG

+ 80

CS(1) SFS

SFG

SSS

CF

SC V

CS(1)

SFG

SFS

L

CG

CS(2)

MFG MFG(2)

MFG(3) IFS

IRG IFS

IFGob

0

IFGob

LObG

LObG

AObG

OlS

SRM

MObG SG SOM ON ON LRM

OlB(1)

SOM – 80

SNC

MNC + 50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus INC: Inferior nasal concha IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus IRM: Inferior rectus muscle LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LRM: Lateral rectus muscle MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MNC: Middle nasal concha

MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MRM: Medial rectus muscle OlB: Olfactory bulb OlS: Olfactory sulcus ON: Optic nerve SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SNC: Superior nasal concha SOM: Superior oblique muscle SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SRM: Superior rectus muscle

INC

OlB(2)

SNC 0

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

18

MObG

MRM – 50

IRM

LEFT

RIGHT

SG

Coronal - MRI +50(+52mm)

A

P P

MFG(1)

L L

SFS

CS(1)

SFG

SSS

CF

SF G (1)

SC V

SFG (2)

R

SFS

+ 80

CG CG

CS(2) MFG(1)

MFG(2) MFG(2)

IFS 0

IFGob(1)

IFGtr & IFGob

IFGob(2)

LObG LObG

AObG AObG

MObG

OlS

SG

IRG

SG

CS

SRG – 50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus SCV: Superior cerebral vein

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

19

MObG

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IFS

Coronal - Cadaver +48(+48 mm)

A

P

Im FS

+ 80

CG

R

MFG(1)

CS(1)

SFS

SFG

CF

SSS

SCV

SFG

L

CG

CS(2) SFS SRG MFG(2) CS(1)

IRG

MFG(1)

IFS MFG(2) IFGob IFS

CS(2) 0

SG IFGtr

MObG

OlB

LObG

ON

AObG

SNC

ON

MObG – 80

SNM

MNC + 50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcusIm FS: Intermediate frontal sulcus INC: Inferior nasal conchaI NM: Inferior nasal meatus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

INC

INM

OlB 0

MNC: Middle nasal concha MObG: Medial orbital gyrus OlB: Olfactory bulb OlS: Olfactory sulcus ON: Optic nerve SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrusS NC: Superior nasal concha SNM: Superior nasal meatus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

20

SG

OlS – 50

LEFT

RIGHT

AObG

Coronal - MRI +48(+50mm)

A

L

P

MFG(1)

SFS

SFG

CF

SSS

SF G (1)

CG (1)

SFG(2)

R

SFS

+ 80

MFG

MFG(2) CS(1) PcA CG(2)

CG IFS

IFGtr 0 IFGtr

LObG LObG

AObG AObG

CS(2) CS MObG

OlS + 50

AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

SG

IRG 0

SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

21

SG

SRG

OlS – 50

MObG

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IFS

Coronal - Cadaver +46(+46 mm)

A

P

R

MFG(1)

+ 80

SFS

SFG

CF

SSS

SCV

SFG

CS(1)

L

SFS

CS(1)

CG CG MFG(1)

MFG(2)

MFG(2)

ACA

IFS

IFGtr 0

IFGtr CS(2) LObG SRG CS(2) LObG

AObG

AObG

MObG

ON ON

– 80

IRG

MxN

OlS

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MxN: Maxillary nerve OlB: Olfactory bulb

OlB

SG

OlB 0

OlS: Olfactory sulcus ON: Optic nerve SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

22

SG

MObG – 50

MxN

LEFT

RIGHT

IFS

Coronal - MRI +46(+48mm)

A

P

L

SFS

SFG

CF

SSS

SFG

CS(1)

SFS

R

MFG(1)

+ 80

CS(1)

CG MFG

CG(1)

MFG(2)

CG(2) IFS

IFGtr

IFGtr(1)

IFGtr(2)

0

LObG

LObG AObG

AObG

MObG

CS(2) + 50

SG

ACA 0

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus

23

SG

CS(2) – 50

MObG

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IFS

Coronal - Cadaver +44(+44 mm)

A

P

R

SFS

+ 80

PcA

SFG

SSS

CF

SCV

SFG

L

CS(1)

CS(1)

SFS

CG

MFG MFG

IFS IFS

CG 0

CS(2) IFGtr

SRG

ObG LObG IRG

MObG CS(2) ON

− 80

MxN

OlS + 50

CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MxN: Maxillary nerve ObG: Orbital gyrus OlB: Olfactory bulb OlS: Olfactory sulcus

SG

OlB

OlB 0

ON: Optic nerve PcA: Pericallosal artery SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

24

SG

MxN

MObG − 50

LEFT

RIGHT

IFGtr

Coronal - MRI +44(+46mm)

A

P

MFG(1)

L

SFS

CS(1)

SSS

SFG

CF

SFG

CS(1)

R

SFS

+ 80

PcA

CG

MFG(2) MFG MFG(3)

IFS

IFS

IFGtr 0

IFGtr(2)

CG CS(2)

LObG LObG

AObG

AObG MObG

ACA + 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery

OlS

SG

SG 0

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

25

IRG

MObG

CS(2) – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IFGtr(1)

Coronal - Cadaver +44(+44 mm)

A

P

R

SFG

+ 50

SSS

CF

SFG

L

MeFG

SFS SFG MFG(1)

SFS

ImFS

CS(1) CS(1) LCF

MFG(2)

MFG

PcA

CG

IFS IFS

IFG

CG 0

0

CS(2)

ACA

IRG CS(2) IFGtr LObS LObG ObG AObG

MObG – 30

ON

MObG SRG

IRG

+ 30

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ImFS: Intermediate frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LObS: Lateral orbital sulcus

OlS

SG

OlB

OlB 0

MeFG: Medial frontal gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus ObG: Orbital gyrus OlB: Olfactory bulb OlS: Olfactory sulcus ON: Optic nerve PcA: Pericallosal artery SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

26

SG

OlS

ON – 30

LEFT

RIGHT

CG

Coronal - MRI +44(+46mm)

A

P

L

SFG

CS(I)

CF

SSS

LCF

SFG(1)

R

SFG(2)

+ 55

SFS SFS

MFG(1)

CG

MFG

CS(2)

CS(1)

MFG(2)

CG(1)

CG(1)

MFG(2) IFG CG(2)

CG(2)

CS(2) 0

CS(3)

LObG

IRG LObG AObG

AObG

MObG ACA

IRG

MObG

+ 30

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

OlS

SG 0

SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

27

OlS - 30

- 25

LEFT

RIGHT

IFG

Coronal - Cadaver +42(+42 mm)

A

P

– 80

SFS

R

CS(1)

SFG

CF

SSS

SCV

SFG

L

CS(1)

MFG(1) MFG(1)

PcA MFG(2)

MFG(2) MFG(3) IFS CG

IFS 0

IFGtr IFGtr

LObG

ACA

CS(2)

LObG

AObG

AObG

TP – 80

MObG

MxN

SRG

OlS

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MxN: Maxillary nerve OlB: Olfactory bulb

SG IRG

SG 0

OlS: Olfactory sulcus ON: Optic nerve PcA: Pericallosal artery SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TP: Temporal pole

28

OlB

IRG

ON – 50

CS(2)

LEFT

RIGHT

CG

Coronal - MRI +42(+44mm)

A

P

MFG(1)

L

SFS

SFG

CF

CG(1)

SSS

SFG

CS(1)

R

SFS

+ 80

MFG CS(1)

CG(2)

MFG(2)

CG(1) IFS

IFS

0

IFGtr(1) CS(2) IFGtr(2)

LObG LObG

AObG CG(2)

CS(2)

MObG

OlS

+ 50

SG

IRG

IRG 0

SFS: Superior frontal sulcus ACA: Anterior cerebral artery SG: Straight gyrus AObG: Anterior orbital gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

29

SG

OlS

MObG – 50

ACA

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IFGtr

Coronal - Cadaver +40(+40 mm)

A

P

MFG(1)

+ 80

R

SFS

SFG

CF

SSS

SFG

SCV

SFS

CS(1)

CS(1)

L

MFG(1)

MFG(2)

MFG(2) CG IFS MFG(3) FOF

CG(1)

IFGtr 0

Fmi

CCg

IFGtr ACA LS LObG CG(2) CG LObG TP IRG(1) ON – 80

SRG

MObG

MxN

OlB

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus Fmi: Forceps minor FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

IRG(2)

SG

SG 0

MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MxN: Maxillary nerve OlB: Olfactory bulb ON: Optic nerve SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TP: Temporal pole

30

CS(2)

MObG

MxN – 50

LEFT

RIGHT

IFS

Coronal - MRI +40(+42mm)

A

P

SFS

L

CS(1)

SFG

CF

SSS

SFG

CG(1)

CS(1)

SFS

R

MFG

+ 80

MFG(1) IFS

MFG(2) IFGtr(1)

CG(1) IFGtr(2)

IFGtr(3) 0

IFGtr(1) ACA

IFGtr(2) CG(2) CG(2)

LObG

ObG

CS(2)

MObG

MObG

IRG

OlS

+ 50

SG

ACA

IRG 0

SFS: Superior frontal sulcus ACA: Anterior cerebral artery SG: Straight gyrus CF: Cerebral falx SSS: Superior sagittal sinus CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus ObG: Orbital gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

31

SG

CS(2) – 50

OlS

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IFS

Coronal - Cadaver +38(+38mm)

A

P

MFG(1)

+ 80

R

SFS

SFG

CF

SSS

SFG

CS(1)

SCV

CG(1)

L

MFG(1)

MFG(2)

CG

ImFS CCg MFG(2) IFS IFS ACA

IFGtr 0

LVa LSa IFGtr(2) IFG CNh PObG

LS

CG(2)

TP

LObG

– 80

CS(2) TP

MxN

MObG

OlS

SG

SG

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcusIm FS: Intermediate frontal sulcus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LSa: Lateral sulcus, anterior ramus

LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MxN: Maxillary nerve OlS: Olfactory sulcus OlT: Olfactory tract ON: Optic nerve PObG: Posterior orbital gyrus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

0

TP: Temporal pole

32

OlT

MObG

MxN – 50

ON

LEFT

RIGHT

IFGtr(1)

Coronal - MRI +38(+40mm)

A

P

SFS

L

CS(1)

SFG

CF

SSS

CG(1)

SFG

CS(1)

R

CG(2)

SFS

+ 80

MFG(1) MFG

MFG(2) IFS

CG(1)

CG(3)

IFGtr

ACA

0

CG(5) IFGtr CG(2) LObG LObG TP

PObG

PObG

MObG

CS(2) MObG

OlS + 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus PObG: Posterior orbital gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

IRG

SG

ACA 0

SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TP: Temporal pole

33

IRG

SG

CS(2) – 50

OlS

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

ACA(4) IFS

Coronal - Cadaver +36(+36mm)

A

P

R

Cg

+ 80

CG(1)

CS

SFG

SSS

CF

SFG

SFS

SCV

CG(1)

L

MFG(1)

MFG(1) CCg

MFG(2)

MFG(2)

IFS

LVa

Scc IFGtr(1)

0

ACA IFGtr(2) LS MCVs PObG LObG

CG(2)

TP

PObG TP – 80

CG(2)

MxN

MObG

OlS

IRG

SG

SG

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn

MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MxN: Maxillary nerve OlS: Olfactory sulcus ON: Optic nerve PObG: Posterior orbital gyrus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

0

TP: Temporal pole

34

IRG

CS

MObG

MxN – 50

ON

LEFT

RIGHT

IFGtr CNh

Coronal - MRI +36(+38mm)

A

P

CG

L

SFS

CS(1)

SFG

ISS

CF

SSS

SCV

SFG

CS

R

SFS

+ 80

CG(1) MFG

MFG CCg IFS IFS(1) CG(2)

IFGtr 0

IFGtr

MCVs ACA

LObG

LObG

PObG

PObG

CS(2) IRG

MObG

OlS + 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus

SG

ACA 0

OlS: Olfactory sulcus PObG: Posterior orbital gyrus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

35

SG

MObG – 50

CG(3)

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IFS(2)

Coronal - Cadaver +34(+34mm)

A

P

MFG(1)

+ 80

R

Cg

CG

SFG

CF

SSS

SFG

CS(1)

CG(1)

SFS

MFG(1)

L

CCg

ACA

MFG(2)

MFG(2)

LVa

FOF

CNh

IFS

CS IN

IFGtr

IFGtr(2) 0

IN

CG(2)

LS

LS

LObG

MCVs

STG

STG

MCA

– 80

STS

MTG

LObG

ON

MxN

MObG

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus

LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxN: Maxillary nerve ON: Optic nerve SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus: SG: Straight gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

IRG

SG

SG 0

STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

36

MObG

MxN

ON – 50

MFG

CS(2)

LEFT

RIGHT

IFGtr(1)

Coronal - MRI +34(+36mm)

A

P

MFG

L

SFS

CG

SFG

CS(1)

CF

SSS

ISS

SFG

CS

CG(1)

R

SFS

+ 80

MFG CCg CG(2)

ACA(1)

IFS

IN

IFS

IFGtr IFGtr

ACA(2)

CNh

0

LS LS MCVs LObG STG

PObG

LObG

MTG CS(2) MObG

OlS

SG

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus

CS(3)

IRG 0

LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus PObG: Posterior orbital gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus

37

SG

OlS

MObG – 50

CG(3)

PObG

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

LVa

Coronal - Cadaver +34(+34mm)

A

P

R

SF G

+ 50

CF

SSS

L

SFG

SFS

SFS

MFG

MFG(1)

CS(1) CG(1)

CS(1) MFG CG SLF(1) MFG(2) SFO PcA

LVa

Cg SLF(2) CNh

CCg

IFO

LVa

LS 0

0

IN

CR

LS

IFGob

CS(2)

Fmi

IRG LObG LObG CG(2) MCA

PObG CS(2)

MObG – 30

ON

OlT

+ 30

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CR: Corona radiata CS: Cingulate sulcus Fmi: Forceps minor IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFO: Inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus IN: Insula IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus

LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus OlT: Olfactory tract ON: Optic nerve PcA: Pericallosal artery PObG: Posterior orbital gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFO: Superior fronto-occipital fasciculus

SG

ACA

SG

0

SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

38

OlT

OlS

MObG – 30

IRG

LEFT

RIGHT

IN

Coronal - MRI +34(+36mm)

A

P

L

CS(2)

CS(1)

SFG

CF

SFG

R

SFS

+ 55

CG(1)

SFS

CG(2) MFG MFG

CG(1) IFS Cg PcA IFG CG(2)

FOF

CCg

CNh

IN CG(3) 0

LVa

CS(3) IFG

CG(3) LObG

LObG

PObG PObG

CS IRG

MObG

OlS

+ 30

CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn

SG

CG(4)

SG

IRG 0

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery PObG: Posterior orbital gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus

39

OlS

MTG

MObG – 30

– 25

LEFT

RIGHT

IN

Coronal - Cadaver +32(+32mm)

A

+ 80

P

CG (1) CS

R

SFS

MFG

PcA

CMA

SFG

SSS CF

CMA

SFG

C S(1)

SFS

L

MFG(1)

CG ImFS MFG(2) MFG(2) MFG(3)

CCg

LVa

IFS

CNh

LVa IFGtr

IN 0

IN

IFGtr(2)

ACA

IFG IFGob

LS CG(2)

LS IRG STG

STG

MCA LObG STS STS MTG

– 80

ITS

ITG

MxN

MObG

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ImFS: Intermediate frontal sulcus IN: Insula

IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery MxN: Maxillary nerve ON: Optic nerve

SG

IRG 0

PcA: Pericallosal artery SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

40

SG

ON

MxN

MxA – 50

CS(2)

MTG

LEFT

RIGHT

IFGtr(1)

Coronal - MRI +32(+34mm)

A

P

SFS

L

CG

CS(1)

SFG

CF

SS S CG (1)

SFG

SFS

CCg

R

CG(2)

+ 80

MFG(1) MFG

MFG(2) CS CNh IFS IFS IFGtr

IN

IN

LS

LS

IFGob

0

MCVs

STG STG LObG LObG MTG MTG

PObG

PObG CS(2)

MObG

IRG

OlS

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus

SG

ACA 0

MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus PObG: Posterior orbital gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus

41

SG

MObG – 50

OlS

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IFGtr

Coronal - Cadaver +30(+30mm)

A

P

PcA

+ 80

R

SFS

CS

SFG(2) SFG(1) CMA

CF

SSS

CG(1)

CS(1)

SFG

L

SFS CG(2)

Cg MFG MFG(1) IFS MFG(2) IFS

LVa

CCg

IFGtr

LVa

CR Cl

CNh 0

EmC IN

MCVs

MCA

LS

LS STG STG LObG LObG STS

STS

MTG MTG – 80

CG

N6

MxN

ON

OlT

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CR: Corona radiata CS: Cingulate sulcus EmC: Extreme capsule IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus

IN: Insula LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery: MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery MxN: Maxillary nerve N6: Abducens nerve OlT: Olfactory tract

SG

ACA 0

ON: Optic nerve PcA: Pericallosal artery SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

42

SG CS(2)

MxA

MxN – 50

CG(3)

MObG

LEFT

RIGHT

IFGtr

Coronal - MRI +30(+32mm)

A

P

PcA(2)

L

CG

SFS

SFG

C S(1) PcA(1)

SS S

ISS

SFG

C S(1)

SFS

R

M FG (1)

+ 80

CG(1) MFG(1) MFG(2) MFG(2) CG(2) IFS

IFS

IFGtr CCg LS IFGtr

IN 0

IFGob MCVs

LS

IFGob

CNh

STG STG

CG

MTG

LVa ITG

PObG

CS(2)

OlS

SG

Scc

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CG: Cingulate gyrus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn

MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus ObG: Orbital gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery PObG: Posterior orbital gyrus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

ACA 0

STG: Superior temporal gyrus

43

CS(2)

SG

OlS – 50

ObG

MTG

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

MCA

Coronal - Cadaver +28(+28mm)

A

P

Cg

+ 80

R

PcA

SFS

CS

SFG

CF

SSS

SFG

CG(1)

CS

SFS

Scc

L

MFG(1)

CCg MFG(2) MFG IFS LVa LVa

IFS

IFGop(1)

CNh

IFGop(2)

IFGop

EmC

IN 0

Cl

LS IN MCVs

LS

MCA(1) STG MCA(2)

CG(2) MCA(1)

STG CCF

MCA(2) ObG STS

STS

ITG

– 80

MOTG

MFG(3)

N4

OptN N6

MxN

ON

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCF: Corpus callosum fiber CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus EmC: Extreme capsule IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula

ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery MxN: Maxillary nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve ObG: Orbital gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus

OlT

SG

ACA

SG

0

OlT: Olfactory tract ON: Optic nerve OptN: Ophthalmic nerve PcA: Pericallosal artery Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

44

OlS

MxN

MxA – 50

ITG

ObG

LEFT

RIGHT

ICa

Coronal - MRI +28(+30mm)

A

P

L

SFS

IFS

SFG

CS(1)

CMA(1) SSS LCF

CS

SFG

SFS

CS(2)

R

MFG(1)

+ 80

CG(1) CG(1) MFG(2) CMA(2) IFS MFG IFGop CCg LVa IFGop

ICa

0

IN LS LS STG STG(1) MTG STG(2) LObG MTG PObG

LObG IFG

CS(2)

SG

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus

ACA

CG(2) 0

LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PObG: Posterior orbital gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus

45

ACA

SG

CS(3) – 50

MObG

SPS

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IN CNh

Coronal - Cadaver +26(+26mm)

A

+ 80

P

CCb

Cg

R

SFG(2)

CS SFG(1) PcA

SSS CF

CG(1) CS SFG(1) SFG(2) CG(2) SFS

L

MFG(1) Cg

SFS

MFG(2) IFS

MFG

LVa SLF

SP

IFGop

CNh

CCr ICa

IFGop

EmC Cl EC

IN 0

LS LS

IN

MCVs

SCG

Pu

STG

STG

CG(3) IFG

EC MCA

MCA

CCF

ObG

STS ITG

ObG

MObG OTS – 80

N4

OptN

N6

MxN

ON

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCF: Corpus callosum fiber: CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb

ICA: Internal carotid artery IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus: IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus

CCr

ACA

IRG

SG

0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery MxN: Maxillary nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve ObG: Orbital gyrus ON: Optic nerve OptN: Ophthalmic nerve OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery Pu: Putamen SCG: Subcallosal gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

46

ICA

MxN

MxA

MObG MOTG

– 50

SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SP: Septum pellucidum SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

LEFT

RIGHT

ICa

Coronal - MRI +26(+28mm)

A

P

MFG

CCg

L

SFS

SFG

CG

SSS

CF

CMA

SFG

SFS

CS

R

MFG

CCr

CG(1)

+ 80

IFS

CNh

LVa IFGop

IFGop

ICa

ICa

IN

IN

MCVs

0

IFG STG

STG Pu

STS

STS

IFG

MTG MTG LObG LObG

SPtS ITG PObG

CS(1)

SG

CS(2)

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula

ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PObG: Posterior orbital gyrus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus

ACA

ACA 0

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

47

CG(2)

SG – 50

PObG

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

LS LS

Coronal - Cadaver +24(+24mm)

A

P

SFS CCr

+ 80

R

SFG(2)

Cg

CS SFG(1) PcA

SSS

CF

SFG

CS

CG(1)

L

SFS

CNh

MFG(1)

CG(2) MFG(2)

MFG

IFS ICa

CCb IFGop

Cl IFGob

LVa

IN

SP

0

ICa

MCVs LS EC

Pu SCA

EmC

STG MCA MCA(1) MTG STS LObG MCA(2) ITS LObG MObG ITG ITG OTS MOTG – 80

N3

MxN

ICA

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery

IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus

SG

ACA

SG

0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery MxN: Maxillary nerve N3: Oculomotor nerve OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery Pu: Putamen SCA: Subcallosal area SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SP: Septum pellucidum

48

ICA

N3

MxA MOTG – 50

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

MObG

LEFT

RIGHT

LS

Coronal - MRI +24(+26mm)

P

A

MFG

L

PcA

SFS

SFG

CS

CMA

SSS

ISS

CMA

SFG

SFS

R

CS(1)

MFG

+ 80

CS(2)

CCb

CG LVa IFS IFGop IFGop CNh

EC

EC IN IN

0

LS

LS

STG

STG

STS

STS

ICa

MTG

MTG

Pu LObG

ITG

MObG

SG + 50

Aca: Anterior cerebral artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus

ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PcA: Pericallosal artery Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SP: Septum pellucidum

CG

ACA

ACA 0

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus SV: Septal vein

49

SG

SV

MObG – 50

SP

LObG

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

CCr

Coronal - Cadaver +24(+24mm)

A

P

R

CG CMA

+ 50

SFG

CF

SSS

CG

SFG

L

SFS CS MFG(1)

CS PcA

Cg

CCb MFG(2) IFG

CSP

FOF CNh CCr

SLF

ICa

IFG

CCF

LVa

Cl SP

Pu 0

CCr 0

EmC

ICa PTG

IN

NA

ACA

IN CCF

LObG

SCG

MCA

LS MObG

MCA

OIS – 30

LObG N3

OptN N4 N6

ICA

+ 30

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCF: Corpus callosum, fiber CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus CSP: Cavum septum pellucidum EC: External capsule

EmC: Extreme capsule FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IN: Insula LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus

SG

LCF

SG

ON

N3 OIS

0

N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens OIS: Olfactory sulcus ON: Optic nerve OptN: Ophthalmic nerve PcA: Pericallosal artery PTG: Paraterminal gyrus Pu: Putamen SCG: Subcallosal gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus

50

MObG – 30

SG: Straight gyrus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SP: Septum pellucidum SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

LEFT

RIGHT

EC

Coronal - MRI +24(+26mm)

A

P

L

SFS

CS(1)

SFG

CMA

CF

CS

R

CG(1)

+ 55

CS(2) MFG

CG(2)

CCb

PcA FOF

SP LVa CNh

CCr

EC

SV

Cl

ICa

EmC

IN IN

0

CSP LS ICa MCA

MObG

CG(3)

LObG

LObG CG

OIS

SG

+ 30

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus CSP: Cavum septum pellucidum EC: External capsule FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb

IN: Insula LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus OIS: Olfactory sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus

CS(2)

ACA 0

SP: Septum pellucidum SV: Septal vein

51

SG

CS(3)

MObG – 30

– 25

LEFT

RIGHT

Pu

Coronal - Cadaver +22(+22mm)

A

P

LVa

+ 80

R

MFG

SFS

CG

CS

SFG

SSS CF

CS

SFG

PcG

L

CCb MFG

IFS

SP

IFS CNh ICa PrG IFGop ICa IN Pu Cl EC

LS 0

IN STG

SuCV

STS

STG

CCF

EmC

MCA(1) Cg MTG

CCF MTG

MCA(2)

SCG ObG

ITS ObG

ITG

N3 N4 – 80

MOTG

OptN

MxN N6

ICA

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCF: Corpus callosum fiber CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery

IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery MxN: Maxillary nerve

SG

ACA

SG

0

N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve ObG: Orbital gyrus ON: Optic nerve OptN: Ophthalmic nerve OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcG: Paracingulate gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen SCG: Subcallosal gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus

52

ON

MxN

N3 – 50

SG: Straight gyrus SP: Septum pellucidum SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus SuCV: Superficial cerebral vein

MxA

OTS

LEFT

RIGHT

SCG LS

Coronal - MRI +22(+24mm)

A

P

SFS

L

SFG

CMA(2) CS CMA(1)

SSS CFISS

CgS

SFG

PcG

SFS

R

CG

PcA

MFG

+ 80

MFG

SV CG IFS CCb CNh SP IFGop IFGop

EC

LVa

IN

RIGHT

LS IN

0

MCA(1) LS MCA(2) STG

Cl Pu

STS MTG ITS ITS

ITG LObG

LObG

MOTG

PObG

OlS

SG

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part

IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OIS: Olfactory sulcus

CCr

ACA

ACA 0

PcA: Pericallosal artery PcG: Paracingulate gyrus PObG: Posterior orbital gyrus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SP: Septum pellucidum SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus SV: Septal vein

53

SG

PObG – 50

MOTG

ITG

– 80

LEFT

Ica

EmC

Coronal - Cadaver +20(+20mm)

A

P

R

CCb MFG(1)

+ 80

SFS

CS

SFG PcA

SSS CF

SFG

CS

SFS

CG

L

MFG

LVa Cg

MFG(2) IFS CNh FOF PrG SP

ICa

SLF IFGop ICa

0

EC

Cl

LS

Pu

SCV

IN

STG

LS

EmC

STG

STS

SCG

MCA MCA(1) CCF MTG

ObG

ITS

ITS ITG

ITG

N3 – 80

N4

OptN

MxN N6

ICA(1)

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCF: Corpus callosum fiber CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb

ICA: Internal carotid artery IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxN: Maxillary nerve

ICA(2)

SG ACA SG 0

N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve ObG: Orbital gyrus FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus ON: Optic nerve OptN: Ophthalmic nerve PcA: Pericallosal artery PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen SCG: Subcallosal gyrus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

54

ON

ICA

MxN

MOTG

- 50 SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SP: Septum pellucidum SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

CCF MCA(2)

LEFT

RIGHT

IN

Coronal - MRI +20(+22mm)

A

P

M FG

L

CS

SFG

CG

C M A(1) SSS CF

CG

CS

SF G

PcA

R

SFS

M FG

CMA(2)

IFS

CCb

CNh

SP

ICa

LVa

Pu

SV

EC

LS

LS 0

IN

EmC

STG

MCVs

STS

Cl

MTG

MCA

ITS ITS

LObG ITG

PObG

MOTG

OlS + 50

CavS: Cavernous sinus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part

IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus NA: Nucleus accumbens

SG

CCr

CavS 0

OlS: Olfactory sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery PObG: Posterior orbital gyrus Pu: Putamen SCG: Subcallosal gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SP: Septum pellucidum SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus SV: Septal vein

55

SCG

SG

OlS

PObG - 50

NA

LObG- 80

LEFT

IFGop

IFGop

RIGHT

+ 80

Coronal - Cadaver +18(+18mm)

A

P

LVa

+ 80

R

MFG

Cg

PcA

SFG

SSS CF SFG

CS

CG(1)

CG(2)

SFS

L

Cg

PrS

MFG(1) CCb

ICa

MFG(2) PrS

PrG

SP EC IFS IN

PrG CNh

CCF ICa IFGop

Pu

RIGHT

SCA 0

OlT

LS

LS

NA

STG IN

STS

STS ICA(1)

MTG CCF

ITS

ITS ITG

MCA ObG

OTS

PaA

N4

Ent OptN - 80

MOTG ICA(2)

N6

MxN

CavS

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AdH: Adenohypophysis CavS: Cavernous sinus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCF: Corpus callosum fiber CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Ent: Entorhinal cortex

ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus

ACA AdH

ON

0

MxA: Maxillary artery MxN: Maxillary nerve N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens ObG: Orbital gyrus OlT: Olfactory tract ON: Optic nerve OptN: Ophthalmic nerve OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PaA: Paralofactory area PcA: Pericallosal artery

56

SG

ICA MxN

CavS MxA - 50

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SCA: Subcallosal area SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SP: Septum pellucidum SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

N3

LEFT

IFGop

EmC

Coronal - MRI +18(+20mm)

A

P

MFG

L

CS

SFS

CMA

SFG

SSS CF

CMA

SFG

CS

SFS

R

CCb

MFG

+ 80

CG CNh IFS ICa

IFG Pu IFGop

IFGop EmC

SP

EC LVa

STG

IN

0

MCVs

LS

IN STG MTG

STS

MCA MTG SV

ITS ITS ITG

MOTG

ACA

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus

IN: Insula ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus NA: Nucleus accumbens Pu: Putamen SCG: Subcallosal gyrus

SCG 0

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SP: Septum pellucidum SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus SV: Septal vein

57

ACA

NA - 50

ITG

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

LS

Coronal - Cadaver +16(+16mm)

A

P

SP

+ 80

R

SFS

CS

SFG

PcA

SSS CF SFG(1) SFG(2)

CG SFS Cg MFG(1)

L

CCb MFG(2)

LVa ICa

CNh

EC

IFS

IFGop ICa PrG Pu

IN

PrG EmC Cl LS

IFGop IN SuCV

CCF 0

STG LS MCA

NA

STS

STG

LCF

MCA STS

MTG

ITS

ITS

CCF ITG

ITG

Amg

OTS

MOTG - 80

N4

OptN MxN

N6

ICA

CavS AdH OC ACA(2) ACA(1)

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AdH: Adenohypophysis Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus CavS: Cavernous sinus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCF: Corpus callosum fiber CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule

EmC: Extreme capsule ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxN: Maxillary nerve N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens OC: Optic chiasm Oltr: Olfactory trigone OptN: Ophthalmic nerve OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery PrG: Precentral gyrus

58

ICA Oltr

MxN - 50

Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SP: Septum pellucidum SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus SuCV: Superficial cerebral vein

N3

MOTG

LEFT

RIGHT

Cl

Coronal - MRI +16(+18mm)

A

P

MFG

L

CG

SFS

SFG

CMA SSS CF ISS

CS

PcA

SFG

CG

SFS

R

CCb

SP

+ 80

CNh IFS

IFS

LVa

SV SCG ICa IFGop

IFGop Pu EC

LS

Cl

MCVs

LS

0

MCA(1)

STG

STS

STS

MCA(2) MTG ITS ITS GPe

ITG MOTG

ColS

Oltr

ACA

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CavS: Cavernous sinus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb

IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus

ACA 0

NA: Nucleus accumbens Oltr: Olfactory trigone PcA: Pericallosal artery Pu: Putamen SCG: Subcallosal gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SP: Septum pellucidum SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus SV: Septal vein

59

Oltr

CavS

MOTG - 50

NA

ITG

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IN

Coronal - Cadaver +14(+14mm)

A

P

R

LVa

+ 80

SP

Cg

CS

SFG

PcA

SSS

CF

SFG

SFS

CG

L

MFG

PrS

PrS

LVa ICa CNh PrG PrG(1) AC Pu GPe PrG(2)

LS

IN

EmC

LS

STG

NA

0

IN STS MCA(1) STS ITS MCA(1) MTG

Amg

ITS ITG

ITG OTS

- 80

SI

MOTG

N3

MxN

CavS

AdH

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure AdH: Adenohypophysis Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus CavS: Cavernous sinus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment

ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery IN: Insula ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery MxN: Maxillary nerve

NH

OC 0

N3: Oculomotor nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens NH: Neurohypophysis OC: Optic chiasm OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SI: Substantia innominata

60

ICA(2)

ICA(1)

CavS - 50

SP: Septum pellucidum SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

MxA

PHG

LEFT

RIGHT

Cl EC

Coronal - MRI +14(+16mm)

A

P

MFG

L

CS

SFS

CG

CMA

SFG SSS

CF

ISS

CMA

SV(1)

SFS

R

SP

+ 80

CCb SV(2)

LVa

IFS IFS PrG CNh SPs IFGop

IFGop

ICa Pu LS MCVs

LS

0

EC STG

STS(1) MCA(1) EmC MCA(2) STS(2) Cl

MTG

NA

ITS

GPe ITS

MOTG

ColS

Amg

SCG

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus CavS: Cavernous sinus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule

GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICS: Intercavernous sinus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein

ICS

ACA

CavS

0

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus NA: Nucleus accumbens PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen SCG: Subcallosal gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SP: Septum pellucidum SPs: Stylus of septum pellucidum SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

61

Amg

PHG

MCA - 50

STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus SV: Septal vein

ITG

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IN

Coronal - Cadaver +14(+14mm)

A

+ 50

P

R

CCb

CS

SFG

CG

CF

PcA

SFG

SFS Cg

L

MFG

Dur SP FOF LVa SPs

PSN CeS

CNh

BN ICa GPi IFS

PrG GPe

SLF

EmC

IFG TcG

EC Pu IN 0

0

IN NA AC DB CCF UF ACA NA OlT LCF

PaA Amg

Amg - 30

Ent

MCA N3

N4

OptN

N6

ON

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AdH: Adenohypophysis Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus BN: Bed nucleus of stria terminalis CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCF: Corpus callosum fiber CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head

CS: Cingulate sulcus DB: Diagonal band of Broca Dur: Dura mater EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Ent: Entorhinal cortex FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus

AdH

NH

OC ICA

- 30

0

IN: Insula LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens NH: Neurohypophysis OC: Optic chiasm OlT: Olfactory tract ON: Optic nerve

62

N3

OptN: Ophthalmic nerve PaA: Paralofactory area PcA: Pericallosal artery PrG: Precentral gyrus PSN: Posterior septal nucleus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SP: Septum pellucidum SPs: Stylus of septum pellucidum TcG: Transcapsular gray UF: Uncinate fasciculus

LEFT

RIGHT

Cl

Coronal - MRI +14(+16mm)

A

P

L

PcA

CS

ISS

CF

CG

CMA

CS

Cg

R

CCb

+ 55

MFG

CG

SV SPs LVa

SV CNh ICa TcG

GPe

ICa Pu

AC Pu EC SCG

EmC 0

SCG

UF SI MCA

MCA

Un Amg

ACA

EmC: Extreme capsule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus PcA: Pericallosal artery Pu: Putamen SCG: Subcallosal gyrus SI: Substantia innominata SPs: Stylus of septum pellucidum SV: Septal vein

SI

- 25

Amg - 30

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus CavS: Cavernous sinus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule

CavS

TcG: Transcapsular gray UF: Uncinate fasciculus Un: Uncus

63

LEFT

RIGHT

Cl

Coronal - Cadaver +12(+12mm)

A

P

ICa

+ 80

R

LVa

SFG

Cg

PcA

CF

SSS

CS

CG(1)

CG(2)

CCb

L

SFS SP

Fxc

AC

CNh PrG ICa GPi PrG

EmC

Pu

LS

IN

IN

Cl

0

GPe

MCA(1)

STG

MCA(2)

LS

STS Amg

MCA(1)

ITS N3

MTG

PHG UF

ITG

AC N4 NA ITG

MOTG - 80

ColS OptN

MxN

N6

ICA AdH

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure AdH: Adenohypophysis Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule

Ent: Entorhinal cortex Fxc: Fornix, column GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery IN: Insula ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

OC

NH 0

MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxN: Maxillary nerve N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens NH: Neurohypophysis OC: Optic chiasm OptN: Ophthalmic nerve PaA: Paralofactory area PcA: Pericallosal artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus

64

ICA

MCA(2)

ColS Ent - 50

Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SP: Septum pellucidum SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus UF: Uncinate fasciculus Un: Uncus

PaA

LEFT

RIGHT

EC

Coronal - MRI +12(+14mm)

A

P

M FG

CG

L

SFS

CMA

CS

SFG CF SSS

ISS

PcA

SFG

CG

CC b

R

SFS

+ 80

SP LVa CNh IFS

ICa

SV(1) PrG SV(2) PrG

EC

SCA

EmC

Pu MCVs LS

LS

Cl

STG

0

IN MCA(1) STS

ITG ITS ITS

MCA(2) ITG Amg

SI

CavS

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus CavS: Cavernous sinus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule

Fxc: Fornix, column GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

OC

Fxc

GPi

AC

65

ColS - 50

0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus OC: Optic chiasm PcA: Pericallosal artery PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen SCA: Subcallosal area SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SI: Substantia innominata SP: Septum pellucidum SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

Un

SV: Septal vein Un: Uncus

MOTG

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

AC

Coronal - Cadaver +10(+10mm)

A

P

SFS

+ 80

R

Fxc

Cg

SFG

CG

SSS

CF

SFG

CS

CC

L

SFS

SP

CNb

PrS

PrS PrG ICa GPll PrG Pu EmC GP

RIGHT

LS

LS 0

MCA(1)

STG IN

STS

SI MCA(2) MTG Amg ITS ITS Amg ITG ITG PHG - 80

MOTG

CavS

AuT

AuTcp TuC

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AuT: Auditory tube AuTcp: Auditory tube, cartilaginous part CavS: Cavernous sinus CC: Corpus callosum CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CS: Cingulate sulcus EmC: Extreme capsule

Fxc: Fornix, column GP: Globus pallidus GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery IN: Insula ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MCA: Middle cerebral artery MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery

AC

NH 0

N3: Oculomotor nerve NH: Neurohypophysis OT: Optic tract PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SI: Substantia innominata SP: Septum pellucidum SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus

66

OT

ICA

N3

MCA - 50

STS: Superior temporal sulcus TuC: Tuber cinereum

MxA

LEFT

IN

Cl

Coronal - MRI +10(+12mm)

P

MFG

L

CS

SFS

SFG

CG

CF

ISS

SSS

SFG

CG

CCb

CNb

R

MFG

CMA

IFS

PcA

PrG

LVb

ICa

Fxc

Pu EmC

SV

RIGHT

+ 80

V3(1)

LS

LS

Cl 0

STS

STG

IN

AC

MTG MTG ITS ITS Amg ITG

MOTG

PHG

CavS

OT

+ 50 AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus CavS: Cavernous sinus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus EmC: Extreme capsule Fxc: Fornix, column

GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus

V3(2)

OC 0

OC: Optic chiasm OT: Optic tract PcA: Pericallosal artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus SV: Septal vein V3: Third ventricle

67

CavS

GPi

ColS - 50

GPe

- 80

LEFT

A

Coronal - Cadaver +10(+10mm)

A

P

R

CCb

+ 50

CS

CF CMA CG

SFG

L

SFS PcA

SFS SP

Cg

LVb

V3

CNb PrG ST Fxc ICa BN

POA EC

GPe

EmC

GPll

AC

Cl IN

0

Pu

IN

AC(1)

OlTu

AC(2)

0

MCA(1) OT UF Ent Amg

GPi

N3

NA V3

PHG

Amg - 30

Cl Pa

ColS

N4

OptN

N6

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus BN: Bed nucleus of stria terminalis CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum ClPa: Sphenoid bone, anterior clinoid process CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus

EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Ent: Entorhinal cortex Fxc: Fornix, column GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina Hyp: Hypothalamus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery IN: Insula LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCA: Middle cerebral artery

Hyp

OC

NH

OT

N3

ICA

Un

- 30

0

N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens NH: Neurohypophysis OC: Optic chiasm OlTu: Olfactory tubercle OptN: Ophthalmic nerve OT: Optic tract PcA: Pericallosal artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus POA: Preoptic area PrG: Precentral gyrus

68

ColS

Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SP: Septum pellucidum ST: Stria terminalis UF: Uncinate fasciculus Un: Uncus V3: Third ventricle

MCA(2)

LEFT

RIGHT

Cl

Coronal - MRI +10(+12mm)

A

P

L

SV

CG

CF

ISS

CMA

CS

R

CG

+ 55

Cg Scc

FOF

CCb SP

TSV

CNb FOF

ICa

LVb GPe ICa Fxc V3(1) EC

Pu

RIGHT

V3(2)

EmC

0

UF

Un IN Amg

PHG GPi AP

PHG

Amg

OT

Ib

Hyp

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AP: Ansa peduncularis CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule

EmC: Extreme capsule FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus Fxc: Fornix, column GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment Hyp: Hypothalamus Ib: Infundibulum ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IN: Insula ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body OT: Optic tract PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus

OT

– 25

ColS – 30

Pu: Putamen Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SI: Substantia innominata SP: Septum pellucidum SV: Septal vein TSV: Thalamostriate vein UF: Uncinate fasciculus Un: Uncus V3: Third ventricle

69

LEFT

AC

Cl

Coronal - Cadaver +8(+8mm)

A

P

LV

+ 80

PoS

R

ICV Cg

CS

SuCV

SFG

PcA

SSS

CF

CG

SFG

CCb PrS(1) PrG

L

Fxb CeS(1) CNb Fxc

PrG

PrS(2) PoG(1)

CeS ICg CeS(2)

PoG

BN

GPml

PrS(2) Pu

EmC

GPe

GPll

AC PoG(2)

IN 0

LS(1)

GPe LS

LS(2)

EC

STG

GPi

MCA

AC

STS

Amg

UF

OT

MTG SI

ITS

ITG(1) OTS Amg ITG(2)

ITG

PHG – 80

MOTG

PHG PCA

CavS

N3

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus BN: Bed nucleus of stria terminalis CavS: Cavernous sinus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cgs: Cingulum, subcallosal Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus

CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fxb: Fornix, body Fxc: Fornix, column GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hyp: Hypothalamus ICA: Internal carotid artery ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICV: Internal cerebral vein

TuC

Hyp

V3

0

IN: Insula ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LV: Lateral ventricle MCA: Middle cerebral artery MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery N3: Oculomotor nerve OT: Optic tract OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery

70

ICA

OT

CavS

MxA

ColS

OTS

– 50

PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SI: Substantia innominata SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus SuCV: Superficial cerebral vein

TuC: Tuber cinereum UF: Uncinate fasciculus V3: Third ventricle

LEFT

RIGHT

Cl

Coronal - MRI +8(+10mm)

A

P

SV(2)

L

SV(1)

SFS

SFG

CS

CG SSS CF

CMA

SFG

SFS

R

CS

+ 80

MFG

CNb

CG Fxb CCb Pu

LVb

PrG PrG GPe ICa IN

RIGHT

LS

EmC

STG

0

STG MCA GPll

STS

MTG

GPml Amg

ITS

ITG

Amg ITG

OTS MOTG

ColS

PHG

GPi

+ 50

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cgs: Cingulum, subcallosal CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fxb: Fornix, body GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment

GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Ib: Infundibulum ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IN: Insula ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

Ib

V3

OT

0

MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OT: Optic tract OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SI: Substantia innominata SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus SV: Septal vein

71

PHG

MOTG – 50

V3: Third ventricle

SI

– 80

LEFT

EC

Coronal - Cadaver +6(+6mm)

A

P

CNb

+ 80

R

PrS

ICV

Cg

SCV SFG

CS

SSS CF

CG

SFG

PcA CCb

Fxb

L

FOF PrS

PrG

LVb PrG(1) AN

CeS

ICg PoG SLF Pu EC

GPll

Pu

PoS CeS Cl

0

IN

PrG(2)

LS LS GPe MCA STG

MTG

GPi STS LVi

EmC

Amg

GPml

UF – 80

LOTG

OTS

MOTG PHG

CavS

+ 50

AL: Ansa lenticularis Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AN: Anterior nucleus CavS: Cavernous sinus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus

EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus Fxb: Fornix, body Fxc: Fornix, column GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina ICA: Internal carotid artery ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICV: Internal cerebral vein IN: Insula

TuC

Fxc

OT

0

LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OT: Optic tract OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

72

ICA

CavS

ColS – 50

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TuC: Tuber cinereum UF: Uncinate fasciculus

AL

Amg

LEFT

RIGHT

EmC

Coronal - MRI +6(+8mm)

A

P

PcA

L

CG

SFS

SFG

ISS CF

SSS

CS

Fxb

SFG

R

AN

LVb

+ 80

IFS MFG

Cg ICg CCb CNb

Pu GPml

PrG

RIGHT

Cl

LS

LS

IN 0

EC

STG

STS STS GPe MTG

ITS

ITS

MCA

GPi

LVi ITG MOTG

Amg

PHG

+ 50

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AN: Anterior nucleus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fxb: Fornix, body

GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina ICg: Internal capsule, genu IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery

OT

V3

LVb

Amg

PHG

0

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OT: Optic tract PcA: Pericallosal artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

73

ColS – 50

V3: Third ventricle

– 80

LEFT

EmC

GPml

Coronal - Cadaver +6(+6mm)

A

P

LVb

+ 50

R

Fxb

SFG

Cg

CCb

CF

CG

CS

L

Scc SP

ICV FOF V3

CNb

MFG SMT IML AN VA TcG ICg

SLF

PVN RetN AP

VA

EC

Pu

Cl GPll

EmC

GPe 0

0

Amg GPi AL

N3

AC N4

IFO SI

LVi

LHA

PHG

UF/ILF Amg

ColS – 30

PHG MOTG

TuC

N6

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure AL: Ansa lenticularis Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AN: Anterior nucleus AP: Ansa peduncularis CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus

EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Ent: Entorhinal cortex FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus Fxb: Fornix, body Fxc: Fornix, column GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Ib: Infundibulum ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICV: Internal cerebral vein

IR

Ib

Fxc

N3

Un Ent

ColS

0

IFO: Inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus IML: Internal medullary lamina IR: Infundibular recess LHA: Lateral hypothalamic area LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve OT: Optic tract

74

MOTG

– 30

PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Pu: Putamen PVN: Paraventricular nucleus RetN: Reticular nucleus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SI: Substantia innominata SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SP: Septum pellucidum TcG: Transcapsular gray TuC: Tuber cinereum UF: Uncinate fasciculus

Un: Uncus V3: Third ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus

LEFT

RIGHT

GPml OT

Coronal - MRI +6(+8mm)

A

P

SP

L

Cg

CG

CS

CCb

CF

CS

CMA

Cg

R

Scc

+ 55

Fxb LVb FOF CNb

CP AN

SV

ICg

SLF

TSV

ICg

Pu

EC

Cl

Pu

EmC

GPe

GPe 0

GPi

HS

SI

GPi SI

Un

OT

Amg Amg

LVi PHG

Hyp

+ 30

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AN: Anterior nucleus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CP3: Choroid plexus in the third ventricle CP: Choroid plexus CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule

EmC: Extreme capsule FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus Fxb: Fornix, body Fxc: Fornix, column GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment HS: Hypothalamic sulcus Hyp: Hypothalamus ICg: Internal capsule, genu IVF: Interventricular foramen LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn OT: Optic tract

Fxc V3

CP3

0

PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Pu: Putamen Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SI: Substantia innominata SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SP: Septum pellucidum SV: Septal vein TSV: Thalamostriate vein Un: Uncus V3: Third ventricle

75

IVF

– 25

PHG – 30

LEFT

RIGHT

EC

Coronal - Cadaver +4(+4mm)

A

P

CNb

+ 80

R

AN

PrS

SMT SCV

SFG

SSS CF PcA SFG CS

CG

CCb

Fxb

L

ICV

FOF MI

PrG ICa IML PrG

CS

SLF

CeS

CeS PoG(1)

PoG Pu

VA

EC

0

Cl

LS

IN EmC

IN

LS TTG

GPe

STS EML

STG

MTG

MCA AL

GPi

LVi ITG(1) ILF AL

ITS ITG

ITG(2) Amg – 80

OT

ColS

PHG

PCA(1)

+ 50 AL: Ansa lenticularis AL: Ansa lenticularis Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AN: Anterior nucleus CavS: Cavernous sinus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus

EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule EML: External medullary lamina FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus Fxb: Fornix, body Fxc: Fornix, column GPe: Globus pallidus, externalsegment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery ICV: Internal cerebral vein ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus IML: Internal medullary lamina

PCA(2)

Fxc N3 0

IN: Insula ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MI: Massa intermedia MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve OT: Optic tract PcA: Pericallosal artery PCA: Posterior cerebral artery

76

CavS

ICA

PCA

ColS

MOTG

– 50 PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

VA: Ventral anterior nucleus

LEFT

RIGHT

PoG(2)

Coronal - MRI +4(+6mm)

A

P

CCb

L

MFG

PcA

CG

CS

SFG

CF

SSS

ISS

CS

CMA

SFS

R

SV MFG AN

+ 80

IML LVb

IFS

RIGHT

Fxb

PrG

PrG

GPml

Pu

MCA(1)

ICg

Cl

LS

EC

IN

EmC 0

MCA(2)

STG

STS STS GPll

MTG

GPe

ITS ITG

ITS AL LVi MOTG MOTG Amg

ColS

PHG OT

V3

+ 50

AL: Ansa lenticularis Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AN: Anterior nucleus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule

Fxb: Fornix, body Fxc: Fornix, column GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina HS: Hypothalamic sulcus ICg: Internal capsule, genu IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IML: Internal medullary lamina IN: Insula ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus

HS

Fxc

0

ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OT: Optic tract PcA: Pericallosal artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen

77

GPi

Amg – 50

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus SV: Septal vein V3: Third ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus

ColS

– 80

LEFT

VA

CNb

Coronal - Cadaver +2(+2mm)

A

P

ICV

+ 80

R

PrS

CCb

SCV SFG CF SSS

PcA CG

CS SFG

Fxb MFG(1) LVb MFG(2)

L

PrS

PrG

CNb

AN

VL PrG

CeS

CeS PoG

EC

IML

GPe Cl

VA

EmC

0

PoG

DM

LS

IN

IN

STS

STG

MTG TTG ICp GPml LVi

ICp

Hi GPi OTS Amg ITG OTS OT – 80

MOTG

PHG

ICA

IPtS

BA

PCA

+ 50

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AN: Anterior nucleus BA: Basilar artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule

Fxb: Fornix, body GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus ICA: Internal carotid artery ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICV: Internal cerebral vein IML: Internal medullary lamina IN: Insula IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LF: Lenticular fasciculus

MB

N3 0

LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MB: Mammillary body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve OT: Optic tract OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus

78

IPtS

LF – 50

PoG: Postcentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

MOTG

LEFT

RIGHT

Pu LS

Coronal - MRI +2(+4mm)

A

P

Fxb

L

CCb

MFG

CG

PcA CF SSS

ISS

CG

SFG

CS

SV

R

MFG

LVb

+ 80

PrG CNb AN ICV

SMT

CeS PrG

ICp

VL

PoG Cl

Pu EC

GPll

EmC STG STS

STS

0

GPe GPml MTG MTG LVi

ITS ITG

ITS ITG

GPi

MOTG MOTG Amg

PHG

OT

AL

+ 50

AL: Ansa lenticularis Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AN: Anterior nucleus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule

EmC: Extreme capsule Fxb: Fornix, body GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICV: Internal cerebral vein ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus

DM

V3

TF

0

LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OT: Optic tract PcA: Pericallosal artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami

79

Un

Amg – 50

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus SV: Septal vein TF: Thalamic fasciculus Un: Uncus V3: Third ventricle VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

ColS

Hi

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

LS

Coronal - Cadaver +2(+2mm)

A

P

LVb

+ 50

SP

R

CCb

CG

CS

PcA

CF

CS

SFG

CG

Cg

L

MFG Scc

AN

Fxb

ICp

ICV

EML

SMT

IML

CNb ST

LF

MTT ICp

Pu

VA GPe

DM

GPi

Pu

EmC

GPll LF

0

Cl

AL

OT

OT

Amg

ST

CrC

UF

CNt

CNt Amg

Hi

LVi

V3

Hi MB – 30

Fxc N3

N4

N5

+ 30

AL: Ansa lenticularis Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus BA: Basilar artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus

DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule EML: External medullary lamina Fxb: Fornix, body Fxc: Fornix, column GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus Ib: Infundibulum ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICV: Internal cerebral vein

IPtS BA PCA

Ib

N3

IR

Un

0

IML: Internal medullary lamina IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus IR: Infundibular recess LF: Lenticular fasciculus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MB: Mammillary body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTT: Mammillothalamic tract N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N5: Trigeminal nerve OT: Optic tract

80

PHG

ColS

– 30

PcA: Pericallosal artery PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Pu: Putamen Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SP: Septum pellucidum ST: Stria terminalis TF: Thalamic fasciculus UF: Uncinate fasciculus Un: Uncus V3: Third ventricle

VA: Ventral anterior nucleus

0

LEFT

RIGHT

EC

Coronal - MRI +2(+4mm)

A

L

P

Cg

CS

Scc

CF

CG

CS

R

MTG CMA

PcA

+ 55

CCb SP SV LVb Fxb CNb CNb AN AN

ICV

IML VL VA

Pu

ICV

GPll

ICp

GPe

DM

EC

MI

EmC

AC

GPll

0

GPi

AL

OT

OT

Amg LVi

Amg Hi

Hi LVi

PHG

Hyp

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure AL: Ansa lenticularis Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AN: Anterior nucleus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus

DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fxb: Fornix, body GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus HS: Hypothalamic sulcus Hyp: Hypothalamus ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICV: Internal cerebral vein IML: Internal medullary lamina

V3

HS

TF

PHG

0

LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MI: Massa intermedia MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OT: Optic tract PcA: Pericallosal artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Pu: Putamen Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SP: Septum pellucidum SV: Septal vein TF: Thalamic fasciculus V3: Third ventricle

81

ColS – 30

VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

– 25

LEFT

RIGHT

Cl

Coronal - Cadaver ±0(±0mm)

A

P

PrG

+ 80

R

DM PrS

LVb AvN SMT

CCb PcA SSS CF CG SFG CS

Fxb

MFG

V3

LVb

L

CNb IML

VA

PrG

CeS

ICp

MI

CeS EC

PoG

GPe

VL

Cl Pu PoG IN EmC LS LS TTG

TF

IN

0

STS

GPll

STN GPi PCA MFG SN AL ITG(1) CNt

LVi ITG(2)

OT

OTS

ITG

Amg

OTS Hi

PHG – 80

CavS

ICA

MTT

MB

+ 50

AL: Ansa lenticularis Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AvN: Anteroventral nucleus BA: Basilar artery BP: Basis pontis CavS: Cavernous sinus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail

ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fxb: Fornix, body GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus ICA: Internal carotid artery ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb

BA

SN

PN BP 0

IML: Internal medullary lamina IN: Insula IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MB: Mammillary body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MI: Massa intermedia MTT: Mammillothalamic tract OT: Optic tract OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus

82

IPtS

CrC CavS PCA

ColS

OTS

– 50

PcA: Pericallosal artery PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STN: Subthalamic nucleus

STS: Superior temporal sulcus TF: Thalamic fasciculus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

LEFT

RIGHT

TTG

Coronal - MRI ±0(+2mm)

A

P

CNb

L

MFG

AN

LVb Fxb

SFG CG CF SSS PcA

SFG CS

CG

MFG

R

CCb

ICV

DM

+ 80

PrG

VA DM PrG VL

MI CeS

Pu

PoG

CeS

ICp

PoG

EmC LS

LS

TTG STG

STG

EC 0

Cl

STS

STS MTT GPll GPe MTT ITS

ITG

ITG

IML

AL MOTG GPi

MOTG

PHG

Hi

STN

+ 50

AL: Ansa lenticularis AN: Anterior nucleus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule

EmC: Extreme capsule Fxb: Fornix, body GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICV: Internal cerebral vein IML: Internal medullary lamina ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body

MB

V3

SN

0

MB: Mammillary body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MI: Massa intermedia MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTT: Mammillothalamic tract PcA: Pericallosal artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

83

CrC

PHG

Hi – 50

STG: Superior temporal gyrus STN: Subthalamic nucleus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

ColS

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

TTG

Coronal - Cadaver –1(–1) mm

A

P

DM

+ 80

R

AN

PrS

CCb

SFG CF SSS PcA CG SFG

CS

Fxb MFG

L

LVb CNb PrG

V3

CS

CeS

VA

ICp

VL

EC

PoG Cl

PoG

Pu

GPe

LS

Cl

0

LS

TF

TTG

STS

IN

STN

STG

LVi

GPi MTG

SN AL ITG

OT STN

Hi

ITG OTS

Sb

Amg OTS

PHG – 80

CavS

MTT

IPC

MB

SN

+ 50

AL: Ansa lenticularis Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AN: Anterior nucleus BA: Basilar artery BP: Basis pontis CavS: Cavernous sinus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus

CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule Fxb: Fornix, body GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment Hi: Hippocampus ICA: Internal carotid artery ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IN: Insula IPC: Interpeduncular cistern IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus

BA

BP 0

ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MB: Mammillary body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MI: Massa intermedia MTT: Mammillothalamic tract OT: Optic tract OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus

84

PN

IPtS

ICA

CrC

ColS

– 50

PoG: Postcentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen Sb: Subiculum SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STN: Subthalamic nucleus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TF: Thalamic fasciculus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

V3: Third ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

LEFT

RIGHT

EC MI

Coronal - MRI –1(±0mm)

A

P

IML

CNb

L

LVb

AN Fxb

CG SFG

CCb SSS CF

CG SFG

CG

MFG

ICV

R

DM

+ 80

PrG CM MI VA CeS VL

PoG

Pu

IML

CeS

ICp EC

PoG

RIGHT

TTG

TTG

STG

EC

STS

STS

MTG

GPll

GPe

AL

ITS

ITG

0

ITG LVi GPi ColS

Hi

PHG

STN

+ 50

AL: Ansa lenticularis AN: Anterior nucleus CC: Corpus callosum CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CM: Centromedian nucleus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule Fxb: Fornix, body

GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICV: Internal cerebral vein IML: Internal medullary lamina ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MB: Mammillary body

Scom

MB V3 0

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MI: Massa intermedia MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen Scom: Supramammillary commissure SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus

85

SN

STN

CC

PHG – 50

STN: Subthalamic nucleus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

ColS

MOTG

– 80

LEFT

LS

LS

Coronal - Cadaver –2(–2mm)

A

P

PrG

+ 80

R

LVb

PrS

AvN V3

CC SFG PcA SSS CF CG SFG

Cg

Fxb MFG

LVb

L

CNb

PrG

AN IML CeS CeS VA

ICp

PoG

EC

DM

GPe

RIGHT

0

Pu

IN Cl

LS

EC

TTG

LS

IN

TTG

STG

GPll

STS

GPml

MTG

GPi

CM

OT

LVi CNt Hi STN

PCA

ITG

FF ITG

OTS

– 80

MOTG PHG

CrC

ICA

IPtS Hyp

+ 50

AN: Anterior nucleus AvN: Anteroventral nucleus BA: Basilar artery CavS: Cavernous sinus CC: Corpus callosum CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CM: Centromedian nucleus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail

ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule FF: Fields of Forel Fxb: Fornix, body GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus Hyp: Hypothalamus ICA: Internal carotid artery

IPF

BA

PN CrC

0

ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IML: Internal medullary lamina IN: Insula IPF: Interpeduncular fossa IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OT: Optic tract

86

CavS

PCA

ICA

SN

ColS

– 50

OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus

STN: Subthalamic nucleus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

LEFT

PoG

VL

Coronal - MRI –2(–2mm)

A

P

Pr G

L

CCb

SFS

CS

CG

SFG

CF

SSS

SFG Fx b CS

ICV

DM

VA

LVb

R

PrS

VL

+ 80

PrS

PrG

CNb

GPll

MFG CeS GPe Pu EC

PoG

TTG

SMG

LS

TTG LS STG STS

STS

0

GPi Cl MTG EmC ITG ITS

ITS

GPml

LVi

GPi MOTG STN

PHG

CrC

SN

+ 50

CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fxb: Fornix, body GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment

GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus ICV: Internal cerebral vein IPF: Interpeduncular fossa ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MI: Massa intermedia

V3

IPF

MI

0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus

87

PHG

Hi – 50

STN: Subthalamic nucleus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

ColS

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

STG

Coronal - Cadaver –2(–2mm)

A

P

R

AN

+ 50

Fx b

CS

CG

CCb

SMT

DN

Cg

ApN

L

SZ VA

LVb FOF CNb LD V3 IML

ST

PHyA DM SLF ICp VL CM Pu

EC

GPll

Cl

GPi GPml

FF 0

GPe

STN

LF OT

OT

CrC

STN

Amg

ZI

CNt

ILF

LVi

CrC Hi

Hi Sb – 30

ColS

N5

N4

SN

+ 30

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AN: Anterior nucleus ApN: Anteroprincipal nucleus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CM: Centromedian nucleus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus

DM: Dorsomedial nucleus DN: Dentate nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Ent: Entorhinal cortex FF: Fields of Forel FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus Fxb: Fornix, body GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus

TPF

TF

PN

SN

Ent

N5

PCA

0

ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus IML: Internal medullary lamina LD: Lateral dorsal nucleus LF: Lenticular fasciculus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn N4: Trochlear nerve N5: Trigeminal nerve OT: Optic tract PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHyA: Posterior hypothalamic area PN: Pontine nucleus

88

ColS – 30

Pu: Putamen Sb: Subiculum SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra ST: Stria terminalis STN: Subthalamic nucleus SZ: Stratum zonale TF: Thalamic fasciculus TPF: Transverse pontine fibers V3: Third ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

ZI: Zona incerta

0

LEFT

RIGHT

EmC

Coronal - MRI –2(–2mm)

A

P

L

CNb

Cg

CS

CF

CCb

CG

R

CMA

PcA

+ 55

Fxb

MI

ICV AN

VL

FOF VA

VP

DM

ICp

VL FF Pu ICp Pu

EmC Cl

GPll GPi

HS

0

ZI OT

STN CNt LVi

CrC

STN Hi Hi ColS

ColS PHG HiS + 30

AN: Anterior nucleus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus

EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule FF: Fields of Forel FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus Fxb: Fornix, body GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus HiS: Hippocampal sulcus HS: Hypothalamic sulcus ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICV: Internal cerebral vein IPF: Interpeduncular fossa

V3

IPF

LF

SN

89

HiS – 30

0

LF: Lenticular fasciculus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MI: Massa intermedia OT: Optic tract PcA: Pericallosal artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Pu: Putamen SN: Substantia nigra STN: Subthalamic nucleus V3: Third ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

PHG

ZI: Zona incerta

– 25

LEFT

RIGHT

EC

Coronal - Cadaver –4(–4mm)

A

P

SZ

+ 80

PrG

R

LVb

PrS

DM

CCb

PcA

SFG SSS CF

CS

CG

SFG

Cg

PrS

Fxb

L

PrG LVb

CeS CNb CeS

PoS

ICp LP PoG PoG EC

IN

Cl LS

RIGHT

Pu 0

TTG STG

STS

EmC VL GPll CM MTG

LVi

GPe

ITG Hi

CNt

V3 Hi STN OTS

MOTG

ColS – 80

PHG

N5

N4

IPtS

N6 SN

+ 50

BA: Basilar artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CM: Centromedian nucleus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus

DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule FF: Fields of Forel Fxb: Fornix, body GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus ICA: Internal carotid artery ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICS: Intercavernous sinus IN: Insula IPF: Interpeduncular fossa

IPF

PN

0

IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N4: Trochlear nerve N5: Trigeminal nerve N6: Abducens nerve OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery

90

BA

ICS

CrC ICA SN

FF

– 50

PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STN: Subthalamic nucleus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

SZ: Stratum zonale TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

LEFT

LS

TTG

Coronal - MRI –4(–4mm)

A

P

ICp

VL

L

CeS PrG

CNb

PrS

LP SCV

SFG

CF SSS

ISS PrG

CS

CG

CCb

R

Fxb

+ 80

CeS Pu EmC

LVb

PoG

PoG

GPe ICV MCA

SMG

TTG LS STG

STG

0

IN

EC

STS

STS GPll

MTG

GPi

IFS

IFS

CNt

Hi

MOTG

ColS

ColS

PHG CM

PCA

V3

Po

+ 50

CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CM: Centromedian nucleus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule Fxb: Fornix, body

GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICV: Internal cerebral vein IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula IPF: Interpeduncular fossa ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body

DM 0

MCA: Middle cerebral artery MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Po: Pons PoG: Postcentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus

91

SN

CrC STN – 50

SN: Substantia nigra SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STN: Subthalamic nucleus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

PHG

Hi

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IN

Coronal - Cadaver –6(–6mm)

A

+ 80

P

SZ

LVb

R

PrG

Fxb

CCb

PcA

PaL

SSS CF PaL

CG

CS

PrS

L

PrG

Cg

CeS CeS LVb PoG CNb PoS DM LP ICp IN EC

Pu LS

IN LS Cl

STG 0

EmC

STS

GPe

ICp MTG

V3 STN

CNt LGN

HiS

Hi MOTG OTS LOTG MOTG PCA – 80

ColS

PHG SPtS ICA

N5

IPtS

+ 50

BA: Basilar artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus

EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fxb: Fornix, body GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment Hi: Hippocampus HiS: Hippocampal sulcus ICA: Internal carotid artery ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IN: Insula IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus

SN

RaN

PN 0

LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N5: Trigeminal nerve OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PcA: Pericallosal artery PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

92

BA

RN

CrC

SPtS

– 50

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen RaN: Raphe nucleus RN: Red nucleus SN: Substantia nigra SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STN: Subthalamic nucleus STS: Superior temporal sulcus SZ: Stratum zonale V3: Third ventricle

VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

LEFT

RIGHT

VL

Coronal - MRI –6(–6mm)

A

P

CeS

LVb

L

PrG(2)

PrG(1)

CS

CCb

SFG ISS

SSS

CF

CG

PrG

CS

Fxb

R

ICV

CeS

+ 80

PoG

CNb

DM

V3

PoS LP SMG PrS

IN EC

RIGHT

LS

LS

Pu

STG 0

STS

STS

GPll

MTG ITS

GPe

CNt

ITG

Hi VP

Msi

ColS

PHG

CrC SCA

RN

VeA(1)

+ 50

CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule Fxb: Fornix, body

GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus ICV: Internal cerebral vein IN: Insula IPF: Interpeduncular fossa ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body Msi: Marginal sinus

VeA(2)

IPF 0

MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Po: Pons PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen RN: Red nucleus SCA: Subcallosal area SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus

93

Po

SN – 50

SN: Substantia nigra SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

PCA

– 80

LEFT

TTG

Cl

Coronal - Cadaver –6(–6mm)

A

P

R

Cg

+ 50

PcA

CCb

CG

CF

CS

L

Cg

Fxb

AN

LVb DM SMT LP

CNb SZ

EML

V3

LP

ICp

FF

Pu TF

ZI RN GP

EmC EC

STN AR

AR 0

0

LGN OR

LGN

CNt

SNr

LVi LVi OT

Hi

Hi SNr HiS

CrC

ColS

Amg – 30

MOTG

N4

N5

+ 30

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AN: Anterior nucleus AR: Auditory radiation CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus

DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule EML: External medullary lamina FF: Fields of Forel Fxb: Fornix, body GP: Globus pallidus Hi: Hippocampus HiS: Hippocampal sulcus ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body

RaN

PN

SNc

N5

PCA

0

LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N4: Trochlear nerve N5: Trigeminal nerve OR: Optic radiation OT: Optic tract PcA: Pericallosal artery PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus Pu: Putamen RaN: Raphe nucleus RN: Red nucleus

94

PHG – 30

SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SNc: Substantia nigra, pars compacta SNr: Substantia nigra, pars reticularis STN: Subthalamic nucleus SZ: Stratum zonale TF: Thalamic fasciculus V3: Third ventricle ZI: Zona incerta

LEFT

RIGHT

CI

Coronal - MRI –6(–6mm)

A

P

L

CCb

Cg

CF

CG

R

CS

PcA

+ 55

Fxb ICV CNb LVb SMT EML LP AN V3

VI

VP

SMT TC

ICp

DM EC EmC

IN CM ICrl

GPll

AR

0

GPe LGN

HS CNt

Hi

LVi

DG

Hi Hif ColS

ColS CrC

PCA + 30

AN: Anterior nucleus AR: Auditory radiation BP: Basis pontis CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CM: Centromedian nucleus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri

CS: Cingulate sulcus DG: Dentate gyrus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule EML: External medullary lamina Fxb: Fornix, body GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria HS: Hypothalamic sulcus ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb

BP

IPF

SNc

RN

0

ICrl: Internal capsule, retrolenticular ICV: Internal cerebral vein IN: Insula IPF: Interpeduncular fossa LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn PcA: Pericallosal artery PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Pu: Putamen RN: Red nucleus

95

SNr – 30

SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SNc: Substantia nigra, pars compacta SNr: Substantia nigra, pars reticularis TC: Tela choroidea V3: Third ventricle VI: Velum interpositum VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

PHG

– 25

LEFT

RIGHT

Cl Pu

Coronal - Cadaver –8(–8mm)

A

P

CeS

+ 80

R

LP

PrG

LVb

DM

PcA

PaL

SSS CF

CS

CG

Cg

L

PcA

CeS LVb

PoG

PoG

CM

CNb PoS Fxb SMG SMT VP LS

ICa

ICp

Pu TTG

STS

V3

0

LGN LVi MTG CNt ITS

ML

Hi

RN

ITG LOG PHG

PCA

MOTG

CrC

N5

ColS – 80

SPtS

PCA

SN

IPtS

+ 50

BA: Basilar artery CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CM: Centromedian nucleus CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxb: Fornix, body Hi: Hippocampus

ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus

PN

VTA 0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N5: Trigeminal nerve PaL: Paracentral lobule PcA: Pericallosal artery PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen RaN: Raphe nucleus RN: Red nucleus

96

BA

MLF

RaN – 50

SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle VP: Ventral posterior nucleus VTA: Ventral tegmental area

ICA

LEFT

RIGHT

STG

Coronal - MRI –8(–8mm)

A

P

Fxb

CeS

L

PrG(2)

PrG(1)

CCb

CS

SFG

SSS

CF

ISS

PrG

CG

TCF

CS

R

CeS

LVb

+ 80

PoG

ICV DM

CNb

LP

PoS

VP

SMG

CM

V3

MCA

TTG

Pu

LS STG

EC

STS

STS

0

CNt

MTG

ITS

Hi ITG

LVi ColS

Hi

PHG

ColS

Msi CC

PHG PCA

SCbllA

RN

Po

+ 50

CC: Corpus callosum CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CM: Centromedian nucleus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule

Fxb: Fornix, body Hi: Hippocampus ICV: Internal cerebral vein IPF: Interpeduncular fossa ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery Msi: Marginal sinus

VeA(1)

VeA(2) 0

MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Po: Pons PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen RN: Red nucleus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra

97

IPF

SN

CrC

PCA – 50

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TCF: Transverse cerebral fissure TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

LS

Coronal - Cadaver –10(–10mm)

A

P

CeS

+ 80

R

LVb

PrG

SMT

PcA PaL

SSS CF

CG

CS

Cg

PrS

L

CCb

LVb PoG

PrS

CNb

DM

Fxb SMG

SMG V3 ML LS

MGN

STG

LGN

STS

CNt

LVi

MTG

ITS

SN

0

Hi PHG

ITG ITG

PCA

OTS CrC ColS

N5 – 80

MOTG

SPtS

SN

IPtS

+ 50

BA: Basilar artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EV: Emissary vein

Fxb: Fornix, body Hi: Hippocampus ICA: Internal carotid artery IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus

MLF

PN

RaN

0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N5: Trigeminal nerve OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PcA: Pericallosal artery PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus RaN: Raphe nucleus

98

BA

EV

RN – 50

RN: Red nucleus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle

ICA

LEFT

RIGHT

TTG

Coronal - MRI −10(−10mm)

A

P

CeS

PrG

L

CS

CG

SFG CF SSS

ISS PrG

CG

CS

CCb

R

CeS

+ 80

PoG Fxb LVb

PoS

ICV CNb LP SMG DM SMT IN VP

V3 LS IC

TTG STG 0 STS

STS

MTG

CNt

ITS

ITS LVi

CM ITG

MOTG

Hi

ColS

PHG

CrC

SCbllA

RN

VeA(1)

+ 50

CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CM: Centromedian nucleus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxb: Fornix, body Hi: Hippocampus

IC: Internal capsuleI CV: Internal cerebral vein IN: Insula IPF: Interpeduncular fossa ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus Msi: Marginal sinus

VeA(2)

IPF 0

MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus RN: Red nucleus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

99

PN

RN

Msi - 50

STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

PHG

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

LS

Coronal - Cadaver −10(−10mm)

A

P

R

CS

Cg

+ 50

CF

CCb

PcA

CMA

CG

L

PrS

LVb

PrS ICV SMT

CNb

DM Fxb LP CM VL VPM V3

IML

VP VPL ML

LGN 0

MGN

OR

LGN

Hi

OR CNt LVi

RN

Hia

Hia

Hi

RaN

Sb PHG OTS ColS PCA − 30

N4 SPtS

N5

VTA

+ 30

CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CM: Centromedian nucleus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxb: Fornix, body

Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus ICV: Internal cerebral vein IML: Internal medullary lamina LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus ML: Medial lemniscus N4: Trochlear nerve N5: Trigeminal nerve OR: Optic radiation

PN

TPF

SCP

RN

SN

CrC − 30

0

OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus PrS: Precentral sulcus RaN: Raphe nucleus RN: Red nucleus Sb: Subiculum SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus

100

TPF: Transverse pontine fibers V3: Third ventricle VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus VPL: Ventral posterior lateral nucleus VPM: Ventral posterior medial nucleus VTA: Ventral tegmental area

ColS

PHG

0

LEFT

RIGHT

MGN

Coronal - MRI −10(−10mm)

A

P

L

CS

ISS

CS

CF

CG

R

PcA

+ 55

Fxb ICV

CCb

LVb CNb SMT

LVb

LP VI

DM

TC

IN CM

ICrl TTG VPL

HS

ICrl

0

OR CNt

Hi

DG LVi

DG

Hi ColS

ColS

ML PHG

CrC

N5

+ 30

CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CM: Centromedian nucleus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DG: Dentate gyrus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxb: Fornix, body Hi: Hippocampus

HS: Hypothalamic sulcus ICrl: Internal capsule, retrolenticular ICV: Internal cerebral vein IN: Insula IPF: Interpeduncular fossa ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn ML: Medial lemniscus N5: Trigeminal nerve OR: Optic radiation PcA: Pericallosal artery

V3

IPF

PN

0

PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus RN: Red nucleus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra TC: Tela choroidea TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle VI: Velum interpositum VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VPL: Ventral posterior lateral nucleus

101

RN

SN

CrC - 30

PHG

- 25

LEFT

RIGHT

VL

Coronal - Cadaver −12(−12mm)

A

P

LVb

+ 80

R

CeS

PrG

CG

PaL

SSS

CF

PaL

Cg

CS

PoS

L

CC LVb

PoG PoG

DM

CNb PoS Fxcr Pv ICV TTG

SMG PC

VP

LS

LS

TTG STS

MGN

BSC

RaN

CNt

LVi

0

MTG ILF Hi PCA ITS RN ITG ColS PCA RN OTS

SPtS

ColS CrC MOTG - 80

PHG

CLw

ICA

IPtS

+ 50

BSC: Brachium of superior colliculus CC: Corpus callosum CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CLw: Central lobule, wing CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus

EV: Emissary vein Fxcr: Fornix, crus Hi: Hippocampus ICA: Internal carotid artery ICV: Internal cerebral vein ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus

SN

PN

VTA 0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PC: Posterior commissure PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pv: Pulvinar nucleus RaN: Raphe nucleus

102

VeA

IPtS

EV - 50

RN: Red nucleus SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus VeA: Vertebral artery VP: Ventral posterior nucleus VTA: Ventral tegmental area

SCPd

LEFT

RIGHT

STG

Coronal - MRI −12(−12mm)

A

P

Fxcr

CeS

L

PrG

ICV

CS

CG

CF SSS

PrG CeS ISS

CS

CCb

R

CeS

CNb

PoG

DM

PoS

LVb

VL

VP

SMT

LS

LS

TTG

V3 STG

STG

STS 0 STS CNt MTG ILF ITS ITS ILF Hi Hi Msi ColS ColS

MOTG PHG PHG

CrC

SCbllA

SN

+ 50

BP: Basis pontis CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CM: Centromedian nucleus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus

CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxcr: Fornix, crus Hi: Hippocampus ICV: Internal cerebral vein ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus Msi: Marginal sinus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus

VeA(1)

VeA(2) 0

PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus RN: Red nucleus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

103

BP

SCP

RN - 50

V3: Third ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

CrC

- 80

LEFT

SMG

CM

RIGHT

+ 80

Coronal - Cadaver −13(−13mm)

A

P

LVb

+ 80

R

CeS

PrG

CCb

PaL SSS

CF

PaL

CG

CS

L

PrS

Cg LVb

PoG PoG

CCs

CNb

PoS

Fxcr

DM

PC

Pv

SMG

TTG

TTG TTG

LS STG

STS

CGS

0

MTG

LVi

CNt

ILF RN

BSC

ITG Hi SN PHG

CrC N7

ColS

N8

MOTG

SPtS − 80

ML CLw

N4

PCA

IPtS

+ 50

BSC: Brachium of superior colliculus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CGS: Central gray substance CLw: Central lobule, wing CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri

CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EV: Emissary vein Fxcr: Fornix, crus Hi: Hippocampus ICA: Internal carotid artery ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn ML: Medial lemniscus

PN

SCPd

VeA(2)

0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N4: Trochlear nerve N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve PaL: Paracentral lobule PC: Posterior commissure PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus

104

VeA(1)

EV − 50

PrS: Precentral sulcus Pv: Pulvinar nucleus RN: Red nucleus SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus VeA: Vertebral artery VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

ICA

LEFT

RIGHT

VP

Coronal - MRI −13(−14mm)

A

P

Fxcr

CeS

L

PrG

ICV

CS

CG

CF

SSS

ISS PrG

CeS CG

CS

CCb

R

PoG

+ 80

LVb

CNb

PoS

DM

TC VL SMG CM SMT

LS

LS

VP

STG

STG

STS

0

Hi

STS

MTG

ITS

ITS

OR

ITG Hi MS MOTG ColS

ColS PHG PHG

CrC

SCbllA

SN

+ 50

Aq: Aqueduct BP: Basis pontis CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CM: Centromedian nucleus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxcr: Fornix, crus

Hi: Hippocampus ICV: Internal cerebral vein ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus

VeA

RN

VeA 0

PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus RN: Red nucleus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TC: Tela choroidea TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

105

BP

SCP

Aq - 50

VeA: Vertebral artery VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

CrC

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

TTG

Coronal - Cadaver −14(−14mm)

A

P

PoG

+ 80

R

CeS

PrG

LVb

PC

PaL

SSS

CF

CG

CS

PrG

L

Cg

Pv

CC PoG

PoS LVb PCA CNb TTG(1) Fxcr TTG(2)

SMG

LS

TTG

STG CGS CNt 0

LVi Hi

STS

PHG

RN MTG

ITS ITS ITG MOTG

LOTG

SN

ColS

CbllT SPtS − 80

CLw

ICA

IPtS

+ 50

CC: Corpus callosum CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CGS: Central gray substance CLw: Central lobule, wing CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus Fxcr: Fornix, crus Hi: Hippocampus

Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICA: Internal carotid artery IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve PaL: Paracentral lobule

Pyd

PN

VeA(2) 0

VeA(1)

IPtS

SCPd − 50

SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus PC: Posterior commissure SSS: Superior sagittal sinus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery STG: Superior temporal gyrus PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus PN: Pontine nucleus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus VeA: Vertebral artery PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Pyd: Pyramid RN: Red nucleus SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra

106

N8

LEFT

RIGHT

Hif

Coronal - MRI −14(−16mm)

A

P

Fxcr CeS

L

CCb

CS

CG

PrG

ISS

SSS CF

PrG CeS

CG

PoG

R

PcA

+ 80

ICV

CNb

PoS SMG LVb Pv SMG TTG LS LS Pv

Hi

STG

0

STG

STS

MTG

LGN

ITS OR ColS ITG

CNt

MOTG ITG

PHG MOTG ColS

Msi

SCbllA

SC

+ 50

CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus Fxcr: Fornix, crus Hi: Hippocampus ICV: Internal cerebral vein ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus

ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus Msi: Marginal sinus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PC: Posterior commissure PcA: Pericallosal artery PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Po: Pons

VeA

SCPd 0

Po

PC

PQL - 50

TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus VeA: Vertebral artery PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PT: Planum temporale Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SC: Superior colliculus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

107

PCA

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PT

Coronal - Cadaver −14(−14mm)

A

P

R

Scc

+ 50

PcA

CS

CF

CG

CS

CMA

L

Cg

CCb

Fxcr

CV

FOF

LVb

CNb

CCs

TSV DM

CNt PG

SLF

MCA Pv HC HN TTG TTG PR MGN

PCA

Ptc 0

0

CNt Hia

Hif OR

Hi

LVi

CGS ILF Hi

PHG OTS

ML

ColS PCA

MOTG PHG

MOTG − 30

ColS N4

CLw

MpT

PN

+ 30

CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CGS: Central gray substance CLw: Central lobule, wing CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus CV: Cavum vergae

DM: Dorsomedial nucleus FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus Fxcr: Fornix, crus HC: Habenular commissure Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria HN: Habenular nucleus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus

ML

SCPd

MLF 0

ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MpT: Mesopontine tegmentum N4: Trochlear nerve OR: Optic radiation OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PC: Posterior commissure PcA: Pericallosal artery PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PG: Pineal gland PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus

108

CLw

SN

PCA − 30

PR: Pineal recess Ptc: Pretectum Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SN: Substantia nigra TSV: Thalamostriate vein TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

LEFT

RIGHT

PC

Coronal - MRI −14(−16mm)

A

P

L

CS

PcA

CF

CMA

ISS

R

CG

Cg

+ 55

CG Scc

CCb

Fxcr

LVb

LVb

CNb

Fxcr

Pv

ICV VI

HC

Pv PC PR

ICrl

Pv

CNt

0

Hia

Hi

LVi

DG

Hi PHG ColS

PHG

MOTG ColS

CbllT

ML

CGS

+ 30

Aq: Aqueduct CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CCb: Corpus callosum, body CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CGS: Central gray substance ChF: Choroid fissure CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus

DG: Dentate gyrus Fxcr: Fornix, crus HC: Habenular commissure Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus ICrl: Internal capsule, retrolenticular ICV: Internal cerebral vein ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn ML: Medial lemniscus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus PC: Posterior commissure

SCPd

Aq

0

PcA: Pericallosal artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PR: Pineal recess Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SC: Superior colliculus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation VI: Velum interpositum

109

PQL

SC - 30

- 25

LEFT

RIGHT

ChF

Coronal - Cadaver −16(−16mm)

A

P

R

LVtr

+ 80

CeS

PrG

CCs

CS

SSS

PaL

CF

CG

Cg

PR

L

TSV

PoG PoG

Fxcr SCc

Pv PoS MpT SC SMG LS N3N Hi CNt STG

STS 0

OR

LVi

MOTG

MTG

PF

PCA

ITS

PHG

ITG MOTG MOTG

OTS

SPtS

PSF

AQL

PQL HF

SSL

IJV − 80

N7 ML

N8

IPtS

MLF

ION

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus Fxcr: Fornix, crus HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus IJV: Internal jugular vein

ION: Inferior olivary nucleus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MpT: Mesopontine tegmentum MTG: Middle temporal gyrus

PN

SCPd 0

N12: Hypoglossal nerve N3N: Oculomotor nerve nucleu N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve OR: Optic radiation OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

110

Pyd

VeA

N12

N8

MCP

− 50 PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PR: Pineal recess PrG: Precentral gyrus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Pyd: Pyramid SC: Superior colliculus SCc: Commissure of superior colliculus SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TSV: Thalamostriate vein VeA: Vertebral artery

LEFT

RIGHT

ColS

Coronal - MRI −16(−18mm)

A

P

Po G

L

CeS

CC

CG

ISS

CF

PrG SSS

PrG

CeS

PcA

CS

PoG

R

LVtr

+ 80

Fxcr PoS ICV SPL CNb Pv PG

LS SMG

SC LS

Msi OR Hi

STS

STG 0 MTG

ColS

CNt

MTG

Hi ITS ITS ITG ITG MOTG ColS

MOTG

PHG

PHG

SCbllA

Aq

+ 50 Aq: Aqueduct CC: Corpus callosum CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus Fxcr: Fornix, crus Hi: Hippocampus ICV: Internal cerebral vein ION: Inferior olivary nucleus

ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MpT: Mesopontine tegmentum Msi: Marginal sinus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PcA: Pericallosal artery PCA: Posterior cerebral artery

ION

VeA 0

PG: Pineal gland PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Po: Pons PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SC: Superior colliculus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule

111

Po

MCP

MpT

PQL - 50

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus VeA: Vertebral artery

PCA

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

STG

Coronal - Cadaver −18(−18mm)

A

+ 80

P

PoG

PoS

R

Cg

PrG

PoG

CeS

CS

PaL

SSS CF

PaL

CG

CCs

L

CeS

SMG

LVtr

PG

Fxcr

LS SC

CNt

N3N ST Hif Hi

PHG

PT STG LVi STS 0

ColS

LL

MTG

N4N

ITS PCA

OTS CbllT

ITG

LOTG

MOTG SPtS

AQL

PSF PF

SSL

MLF AQL

− 80

MCP

N7

ISL

ICP

SN5N

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus Fxcr: Fornix, crus HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus

Hia: Hippocampus, alveus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle IJV: Internal jugular vein ION: Inferior olivary nucleus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LL: Lateral lemniscus LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone

ION

Pyd

ML

0

MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N10: Vagus nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve N3N: Oculomotor nerve nucleu N4N: Trochlear nerve nucleus N7: Facial nerve OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PCA: Posterior cerebral artery

112

VeA

SCP

N12

N10

HF

IJV

− 50 PF: Primary fissure PG: Pineal gland PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PSF: Posterior superior fissure PT: Planum temporale Pyd: Pyramid SC: Superior colliculus SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SN5N: Spinal trigeminal nucleus

SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus VeA: Vertebral artery

LEFT

RIGHT

Hia

Coronal - MRI −18(−20mm)

A

P

PoG

CCs

L

CeS

CG

CS

ISS

PrG

SSS

CF

PrG

CeS

CS

PoG

R

PcA

+ 80

PoS

ICV

SPL

CNb

LVb Fxcr

SMG SMG SC Msi LS OR PHG

STS

MTG

CNt

0

ColS

MTG Hi

MOTG

ITS

ITS

ITG

PCA

ColS

PF

MOTG

SCbllA(1)

PQL PQL

SCbllA(2)

LS

Po

+ 50

Aq: Aqueduct AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus Fxcr: Fornix, crus HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus

ICV: Internal cerebral vein ION: Inferior olivary nucleus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus Msi: Marginal sinus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PcA: Pericallosal artery

ION

Pyd

VeA

0

PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Po: Pons PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus Pyd: Pyramid SC: Superior colliculus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule

113

Aq

MCP

HF - 50

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VeA: Vertebral artery

AQL

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

STG

Coronal - Cadaver −18(−18mm)

A

P

R

Cg

+ 50

CS

PaL

CF

PaL

CS

L

CG

Hic

Scc CCs

TSV

LVtr

FOF PG Fxcr

Hif

SLF CNt Pv SC

MCA

ST

Hif

Hi

Hi

RIGHT

CNt

Hia 0

0

PHG

PCA

N4

LVi

ColS

ColS OR

MOTG

N4 OTS

MOTG

AQL LOTG

LOTG

AQL

SPtS − 30

PF

MCP

N4N

+ 30

Aq: Aqueduct AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CGS: Central gray substance CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus Fxc: Fornix, column Fxcr: Fornix, crus

Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus Hic: Hippocampus, commissure Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N4: Trochlear nerve N4N: Trochlear nerve nucleus

MLF

CGS

SN5N SCP

PF − 30

0

OR: Optic radiation OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PG: Pineal gland PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SC: Superior colliculus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus

114

PQL

SN5N: Spinal trigeminal nucleus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus ST: Stria terminalis TSV: Thalamostriate vein

LEFT

PHG

Aq

Coronal - MRI −18(−20mm)

A

P

L

CS

CF

CG

CeS

R

CS

+ 55

PcA Cg

Fxc

CCb

ICV LVb

CPlv

Fxcr Pu

SC PHG

DG

0

Hi

Hi

PHG ColS ColS MOTG OTS CGS

MOTG PQL

SCP

+ 30

Aq: Aqueduct CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CGS: Central gray substance ColS: Collateral sulcus CPlv: Choroid plexus in the lateral ventricle CS: Cingulate sulcus DG: Dentate gyrus Fxc: Fornix, column Fxcr: Fornix, crus

Hi: Hippocampus ICV: Internal cerebral vein LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule Pu: Putamen SC: Superior colliculus SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle

Aq

SCPd 0

SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation

115

PF

PQL - 30

- 25

LEFT

RIGHT

OR

Coronal - Cadaver −20(−20mm)

A

P

PoS

+ 80

R

CCs

PoG

CeS

CS

PaL

CF

SSS

PaL

CG

PrG

CS

L

LVtr PoG SC

Hif

CGS

SMG

LS

CNt

CNt

SMG Hia

Hi LS

Hi

TTG STG

PHG

ColS

0

ColS

MTG

N4

N4

CLw

MOTG

ITG

PF

OTS PQL SPtS

PSF

AQL

SSL

PQL

ISL

HF - 80

IJV GL

MLF

N10

N12 N5st&n

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CGS: Central gray substance CLw: Central lobule, wing CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus

Hia: Hippocampus, alveus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria IJV: Internal jugular vein ION: Inferior olivary nucleus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus

ION

ML

RF

0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N4: Trochlear nerve N10: Vagus nerve N11: Accessory nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve N5st&n: Spinal trigeminal tract and nucleus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

116

SCP

N11

MCP - 50

PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PSF: Posterior superior fissure RF: Reticular formation SC: Superior colliculus SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

LGF

LEFT

RIGHT

LVi

Coronal - MRI -20(-22mm)

A

P

PoG

CCs

L

CG CeS(2) ISS CeS(1) PrG

CF PrG CeS PoG

SSS

CS

PoS

R

CG

SPL

+ 80

ICV

Fxcr

PoS

SPL

GCV

LVb

SMG Hif CNt SMG SC Msi

LS ICol

ICol

STG

OR

0

MTG MTG PHG ColS

BV

MOTG IFG PF OTS AQL MOTG

PQL PF SCbllA

SCP

Aq

PICA

+ 50

Aq: Aqueduct AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BV: Basal vein CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus Fl: Flocculus Fxcr: Fornix, crus GCV: Great cerebral vein

Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbriaI Col: Inferior colliculus ICV: Internal cerebral vein IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus ION: Inferior olivary nucleus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LL: Lateral lemniscus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

ION

VeA 0

Msi: Marginal sinus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PICA: Posterior inferior cerebellar artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus SC: Superior colliculus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery

117

MLF

MCP - 50

SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus VeA: Vertebral artery

Fl

LL

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

STS Hi

Coronal - Cadaver −22(−22mm)

A

P

PoS

+ 80

R

PrG

CG

CS

CeS

CF

CG

SSS

PaL

CCs

CeS

PCA

L

LL SCP

SMG(1)

LVtr SMG SMG(2) CGi

Hi

STG

LS

STS

LVi

ICol CLw

LG 0

ColS

MTG

AQL CbllT PF

OTS

ITG

SPtS SSL

OTS

MCP PQL

ISL LGF

PcF IJV HF GL - 80

Fl

N10

N11

N7m

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CGi: Cingulate gyrus, isthmus CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule

HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus ICol: Inferior colliculus ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle IJV: Internal jugular vein ION: Inferior olivary nucleus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LL: Lateral lemniscus LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn

N12

ION

Pyd

VeA

0

LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N10: Vagus nerve N11: Accessory nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve N7m: Motor nucleus of facial nerve OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PN: Pontine nucleus

118

PN

N12

BvL

ICP - 50

PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus Pyd: Pyramid SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus VeA: Vertebral artery

N11

LEFT

RIGHT

ColS

Coronal - MRI −22(−24mm)

A

P

CCs

CS

L

PoS

MS

ISS

CeS

PrG

CF

SSS

PrG

MS

PoS

PcA

R

SPL

+ 80

GCV PoS LVb

ICV

SMG CPlv

SMG

Hi

LS

PHG

OR STS 0

MTG

ColS LG

ITS

ITS ColS ITG MOTG MOTG ICol PF

PQL PQL SCP

Fl

Aq + 50

Aq: Aqueduct AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx ColS: Collateral sulcus CPlv: Choroid plexus in the lateral ventricle CS: Cingulate sulcus Fl: Flocculus GCV: Great cerebral vein Hi: Hippocampus ICol: Inferior colliculus ICV: Internal cerebral vein

ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LG: Lingual gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PcA: Pericallosal artery PF: Primary fissure

PICA

VeA 0

PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PICA: Posterior inferior cerebellar artery PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus VeA: Vertebral artery

119

SCP

MCP

AQL - 50

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

STG

Coronal - Cadaver −22(−22mm)

A

P

R

CG

+ 50

CS

PaL

CF

CS

L

CeS

PoG

Cg CCs

CG

FOF

GCV

SMG

LVtr

LVtr

CP CGi

CGi CNt

RIGHT

ICol

LS

N4

Hia

OR

Hi

0

0

AQL

PCA

ColS ILF PcF

N4N

CGS

ColS

PF

N4

PQL

MOTG

PSF CbllT

LL PF

SPtS - 30

SSL

NC

MCP

+ 30

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CGi: Cingulate gyrus, isthmus CGS: Central gray substance CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CP: Choroid plexus CS: Cingulate sulcus

FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus GCV: Great cerebral vein Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus ICol: Inferior colliculus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus LL: Lateral lemniscus LS: Lateral sulcus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve

MLF

SCP

AQL

PQL

- 30

0

N4N: Trochlear nerve nucleus NC: Nucleus ceruleus OR: Optic radiation PaL: Paracentral lobule PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PoG: Postcentral gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus

120

SSL

SSL: Superior semilunar lobule

PSF

LEFT

OR

Cg

Coronal - MRI −22(−24mm)

A

P

L

Scc

CG

MS

CMA

CF

MS

R

CG

+ 55

Cg

CCs Fxcr

ICV

ICV

LVtr CNt Hif CPlv Hif GCV OR

OR PHG

0

ILF

PHG ICol

ColS MOTG

ColS LG

MCP

CGS

+ 30

Aq: Aqueduct AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CGS: Central gray substance CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CPlv: Choroid plexus in the lateral ventricle DG: Dentate gyrus Fxcr: Fornix, crus

GCV: Great cerebral vein Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICol: Inferior colliculus ICV: Internal cerebral vein ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus LG: Lingual gyrus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus Msi: Marginal sinus OR: Optic radiation PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus

Aq

SCc 0

SCc: Commissure of superior colliculus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle

121

SCP

AQL - 30

IC

- 25

LEFT

RIGHT

DG

Coronal - Cadaver −24(−24mm)

A

P

Po S

+ 80

CCs

R

PoG

CS

CG

PaL

CF

SSS

PaL

CL

PCA

CeS

L

PoG

MLF

SMG Hi LVtr SMG SMG SCP ICol

AQL

STS LG

STG STS

MTG 0

CLw

SSL

AQL

OTS ITG

MOTG

SPtS ITG HF

PF

MCP PSF ISL SSL GL HF LGF N7m - 80

ISL

GL

PbF

N6

N12

+50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus

ICol: Inferior colliculus ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle IJV: Internal jugular vein ION: Inferior olivary nucleus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus

VN

ION

Pyd

VeA

0

N6: Abducens nerve N7m: Motor nucleus of facial nerve N11sr: Accessory nerve, spinal root N12: Hypoglossal nerve OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PbF: Prebiventral fissure PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pyd: Pyramid

122

ICP

BvL

Fl - 50

SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus VeA: Vertebral artery VN: Vestibular nucleus

N11sr

IJV

LEFT

RIGHT

ColS

Coronal - MRI −24(−26mm)

A

P

CCs

L

PoG

PcA

MS

SSS CF PoG

ISS CeS PrG

MS

CG

PoG

R

GCV

+ 80

SPL

PoS

BV LVtr LVtr

SMG

CP

Hif

SMG DG LS

PR

ICol

ColS

MOTG0

STS MTG

ITS

LG OTS

ColS ITG

PF

AQL SSL

HF PQL PF

Fl

BvL

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CP: Choroid plexus DG: Dentate gyrus Fl: Flocculus GCV: Great cerebral vein

GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICol: Inferior colliculus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LG: Lingual gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus

PICA

V4

VeA

0

MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcA: Pericallosal artery PF: Primary fissure PF: Primary fissure PICA: Posterior inferior cerebellar artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PR: Pineal recess PrG: Precentral gyrus SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMG: Supramarginal gyrus

123

SCP

CLw

GL - 50

SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus V4: Fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery

MCP

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

STG

Coronal - Cadaver −26(−26mm)

A

P

PoS

+ 80

R

PCA

PoG

MS

PaL

CF

SSS

PaL

CG

ICol

PoG

PoS

L

LVtr

LVtr CLw SMG

LVi POS AQL LG STG LVi

RIGHT

0

MOTG

MTG

PSF

ColS

ITG ITG SPtS MOTG

SSL

SPS

LGF GL

CbllT

Fl

PbF

PQL - 80

MCP

IJV

SCP

ICP

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule ICol: Inferior colliculus ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle IJV: Internal jugular vein

ION: Inferior olivary nucleus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N11sr: Accessory nerve, spinal root PaL: Paracentral lobule PbF: Prebiventral fissure

V4

VN

Uv ION VeA

BvL

CL

- 50

0

PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus

124

VeA

Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery VN: Vestibular nucleus

N11sr

LEFT

PF

STG

Coronal - MRI −26(−28mm)

A

P

LVtr

L

CC

Scc

ISS

PoG

CF

CeS SSS

PoG PaCG MS

Pc

R

CG

PoS

SPL

+ 80

ICV

Hif

SMG

SMG

SVV

Hi OR

LVtif

ColS STG AQL

STS

IFS

0

MTG OTS ColS

MOTG ITS PSF ITG PF

SSL

PSF HF

PQL CLw GL

Fl

BvL

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CC: Corpus callosum CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria

ICV: Internal cerebral vein IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LG: Lingual gyrus Lg: Lingula LVtif: Lateral ventricle, toward the inferior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus

SCP

V4

Lg

0

OR: Optic radiation OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule

125

BvL

GL - 50

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus SVV: Superior vermian vein V4: Fourth ventricle

MCP

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

LG

Coronal - Cadaver −26(−26mm)

A

P

R

PoG

+ 50

MS

PaL

CF

PaL

MS

L

PoG

CG PoS PoS

CG

CGrs

CCs

Fmj

LVtr

LVtr

SMG CGi

PCA Hi

POS

Tp

TP

OR LG

OR

0

ILF

ILF ColS ICol

AQL

ColS

PF MOTG

AQL

CbllT PQL

PQL - 30

SSL PF

MCP

CL

+ 30

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CGi: Cingulate gyrus, isthmus CGrs: Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus Fmj: Forceps major Hi: Hippocampus ICol: Inferior colliculus

ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus LG: Lingual gyrus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus OR: Optic radiation PaL: Paracentral lobule PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

V4

SCP 0

PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule Tp: Tapetum TP: Temporal pole V4: Fourth ventricle

126

CLw - 30

0

LEFT

RIGHT

POS

Coronal - MRI −26(−28mm)

A

P

L

MS

Pc

CF

CS

MS

R

CG

+ 55

SS

ISS

CGi

ICV LVtr

SLF BV

Tp

OR

CP

Hi

Hif

LVtr

RIGHT

Tp

CalS

OR

0

LG DG ColS CalS CbllT ColS AQL

LG

PF SVV CLw

SCP

+ 30

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BV: Basal vein CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CGi: Cingulate gyrus, isthmus CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CP: Choroid plexus CS: Cingulate sulcus DG: Dentate gyrus Hi: Hippocampus

Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICV: Internal cerebral vein ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LG: Lingual gyrus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MS: Marginal sulcus OR: Optic radiation Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus

V4

CLw 0

SS: Straight sinus SVV: Superior vermian vein Tp: Tapetum V4: Fourth ventricle

127

MCP

PQL - 30

- 25

LEFT

Hi

Coronal - Cadaver −28(−28mm)

A

P

CGrs

+ 80

R

PoG

SPL(2)

PoS

CS

SPL(1)

CF

SSS

Cul

CeS

CGi

PoG

L

Fmj

PoS

SPL POS LVp

SMG SMG PcF POS ILF

LVi

ColS

STG

STG

MTG 0

IcF

LG

MTG

AQL

MOTG

ColS

PSF LOTG

ITG OTS

SSL

PF

SpS HF

PQL LGF

CL

SCP MCP - 80

Lg

To

VeA (1)

VN

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CGi: Cingulate gyrus, isthmus CGrs: Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial CL: Central lobule ColS: Collateral sulcus CS: Cingulate sulcus Cul: Culmen Fmj: Forceps major GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure

IcF: Intraculminate fissure ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle IJV: Internal jugular vein ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus Lg: Lingula LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

VeA(2) Pyd

Uv

0

MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PbF: Prebiventral fissure PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pyd: Pyramid SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle

128

ICP

BvL

PbF

IJV - 50

SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SpS: Sphenoid sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula VeA: Vertebral artery VN: Vestibular nucleus

GL

LEFT

RIGHT

OR

Coronal - MRI −28(−30mm)

A

P

LVtr

L

SCbllV

Pc

PoG

MS SCV

SSS

CF

PoG

MS

Pc

SS

R

SPL

+ 80

PoS

Cu SMG

CP

CalS

SMG

LVp Cu CalS

OR

LG

LG

STS

MTG ColS

0

ColS ITG

MTG

PF

ITS ITG

PSF

PQL LOTG

HF MOTG HF

MCP

SCP

BvL

+ 50

BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx ColS: Collateral sulcus CP: Choroid plexus Cu: Cuneus Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LG: Lingual gyrus

Lg: Lingula LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

V4

ICP 0

PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SCbllV: Superior cerebellar vein SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SCV: Superior cerebral vein SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus V4: Fourth ventricle

129

BvL

Fl

GL - 50

Lg

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

STG

Coronal - Cadaver −30(−30mm)

A

P

Cul

+ 80

R

PoS(2)

PoS(1) SPL

ISS

SSS

CF

PcF

IcF

PoG

PoS

L

SPL

CL

POS

POS

SCP ColS

SMG

LG

PF

Lg

PQL

STG

STG

OR

0

MTG

ColS

ITG

CbllT

PSF SSL MOTG

SPtS

ITG HF OTS ISL

PSF PQL

GL DN PbF MCP - 80

IJV SigS

No

To

Nam

+ 50

BvL: Biventral lobule CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CL: Central lobule ColS: Collateral sulcus Cul: Culmen DN: Dentate nucleus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure IcF: Intraculminate fissure ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle IJV: Internal jugular vein ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule

ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus Lg: Lingula MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N11sr: Accessory nerve, spinal root N12N: Hypoglossal nerve nucleus Nam: Nucleus ambiguus No: Nodule OR: Optic radiation

N12N

MLF ICP VeA(2) 0

OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PbF: Prebiventral fissure PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SF: Secondary fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus

130

BvL

N11sr

VeA (1) - 50

SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula VeA: Vertebral artery

Uv

LEFT

RIGHT

OTS MTG

Coronal - MRI −30(−32mm)

A

P

POS

L

SPL

SS

Pc MS PaCG

CF

SSS

PoG

Pc

POS

R

SPL

+ 80

Cu

LVtr

Cu

SMG

SMG

CalS

CalS LVp STG OR

LG

ColS

ColS

0

PF

MTG LG

PSF

ITS TS ITG SSL

MOTG

SigS HF

ISL ISL CL

GL

BvL

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus

LG: Lingual gyrus Lg: Lingula LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure

SCP

V4 0

SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SF: Secondary fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus To: Tonsil TS: Transverse sinus V4: Fourth ventricle

131

To

Lg

CLw - 50

AQL

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

STS

Coronal - Cadaver −32(−32mm)

A

P

CL

+ 80

R

POS

SPL

Cul

Pc

CF SSS

ISS

Pc

CG

PcF

SPL

L

Cu

POS Lg SMG LG

ColS

IcF

MOTG

ColS AQL

STG STG OR

MTG 0

MOTG

CbllT

OTS

LOTG

PQL ITG

OTS

SSL SPtS

PQL

HF PSF DN MCP ISL To

GL

SigS - 80

SigS

N10D

VeA

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CL: Central lobule ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen DN: Dentate nucleus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure IcF: Intraculminate fissure

ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus Lg: Lingula LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N10D: Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve N11sr: Accessory nerve, spinal root Nam: Nucleus ambiguus

Nam

Uv ICP VeA (2) N11sr 0

OR: Optic radiation OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SF: Secondary fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule

132

BvL

VeA (1) PbF - 50

SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula VeA: Vertebral artery

LEFT

RIGHT

PF

Coronal - MRI −32(−34mm)

A

P

Cu

POS

L

SPL

Pc(2)

Pc(1)

MS

PoG

SSS

CF

MS

Pc

SS

SPL

R

CL

POS

+ 80

LVtr SMG SMG Cu CalS

CalS AG

LG

LVp CLw LG OR ColS

PF

0

ITS

MTG ITS

MOTG

ITG

ITG

PQL

LOTG TS

SSL SigS ISL

PQL

SCP GL

Flp

V4

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus DN: Dentate nucleus Flp: Flocculus, peduncle GL: Gracile lobule ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus

ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LG: Lingual gyrus LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus No: Nodule OR: Optic radiation PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure

BvL

No

To

0

PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus To: Tonsil TS: Transverse sinus V4: Fourth ventricle

133

BvL

PbF

DN - 50

GL

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

ColS

Coronal - Cadaver −33(−33mm)

A

+ 80

P

CL

POS

R

Cul

SPL

Pc

CF

SSS

ISS Pc CG

CGrs

Lg

SPL

Fmj

L

POS

Cu

CalS

SMG LG

PcF CalS

SMG

IcF ColS

AQL

STG

OR

RIGHT

MTG

MTG

0

LOTG LOTG

OTS PSF

ITG(1)

SPtS SSL

ITG(2) HF PQL ISL

PSF

GL DN DN - 80

SigS

BvL

SF

VeA

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CGrs: Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial CL: Central lobule ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen DN: Dentate nucleus Fmj: Forceps major GL: Gracile lobule

HF: Horizontal fissure IcF: Intraculminate fissure ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus Lg: Lingula LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N11sr: Accessory nerve, spinal root Nam: Nucleus ambiguus

Nam Uv ICP To VeA(2) N11sr 0

OR: Optic radiation OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SF: Secondary fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule

134

BvL

VeA(1) - 50

SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula VeA: Vertebral artery

PbF

SigS

LEFT

MOTG

PF

Coronal - MRI −33(−36mm)

A

P

CLw

POS

L

SPL

Pc(2)

Pc(1)

MS PoG CF

SSS MS

Pc

SPL

CL

POS

R

SMG(1)

+ 80

SMG(2) Cu

SMG

Cu CalS

LVp AG CalS LVp OR

LG

ColS ColS PF

MOTG 0

MTG PF

ITS

ITG ITG PQL PQL TS SigS SSL Lg HF GL

ISL

DN GL

SCP

BvL

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus DN: Dentate nucleus Flp: Flocculus, peduncle GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule

ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LG: Lingual gyrus Lg: Lingula LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus No: Nodule OR: Optic radiation PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure

Flp

No 0

PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SF: Secondary fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus To: Tonsil TS: Transverse sinus V4: Fourth ventricle

135

To

BvL

PbF - 50

V4

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

MTG

Coronal - Cadaver −34(−34mm)

A

P

LG

+ 80

POS

R

Cul

Cu

GCV

CF

SSS

ISS

AQL

POS

IcF

SPL

L

SLF SMG

CL

ColS CalS

FN

NI PQL

PF

STG

STG

CbllT

MTG

PQL

LOTG

0

PSF LOTG ITG ITG

SSL SPtS

DN HF MCP

ISL

To

GL

GL

To

SigS - 80

SigS BvL

VN + 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CL: Central lobule ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen DN: Dentate nucleus FN: Fastigial nucleus GCV: Great cerebral vein GL: Gracile lobule

HF: Horizontal fissure IcF: Intraculminate fissure ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MTG: Middle temporal gyrus Nam: Nucleus ambiguus NI: Nucleus interpositus OR: Optic radiation

Nam

ICP 0

PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SF: Secondary fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

136

VeA(2)

BvL

VeA(1) - 50

STG: Superior temporal gyrus To: Tonsil VeA: Vertebral artery VN: Vestibular nucleus

PbF

LEFT

RIGHT

OR

Coronal - MRI −34(−38mm)

A

P

POS

L

CL

Pc

SPL

SS

SSS

CF

SPL

Pc

POS

R

Cu

SMG

+ 80

Cul CalS SMG LG Cu OR LVp

CLw

ColS MTG MOTG

AQL

0

ITG

PF

PQL

LOTG

PSF PSF

HF

SSL

ISL

Dc

LGF

GN GL DN PbF

V4

Flp

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive DN: Dentate nucleus Flp: Flocculus, peduncle

GL: Gracile lobule GN: Globose nucleus HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus No: Nodule OR: Optic radiation

Val

CMC

Uv

To

137

No - 50

0

PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SF: Secondary fissure SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus To: Tonsil

BvL

Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle Val: Vallecula

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

LG

Coronal - Cadaver −36(−36mm)

A

P

Cu

+ 80

R

CalS

SPL

POS

Pc

SSS VLac CF

Cul

SS

Pc

SPL

L

AQL

SMG

POS

SMG CalS

IPS PF LG LG AG

PQL

CL STG

MTG

RIGHT

MOTG

MTG

ITG(1)

CbllT

0

LOTG OTS ITG ITG(2) PSF PF SSL HF

PQL

ISL

SigS

LGF

SemL

GL - 80

DN

GL

No

VeA (1)

To

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CL: Central lobule CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen DN: Dentate nucleus GL: Gracile lobule

HF: Horizontal fissure IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N11sr: Accessory nerve, spinal root No: Nodule OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PbF: Prebiventral fissure

VeA (2)

CMC

To

N11sr

VeA

BvL

- 50

0

Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SemL: Semilunar lobule SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus

138

PbF

To: Tonsil VeA: Vertebral artery VLac: Venous lacuna

SigS

LEFT

ColS

CbllT

Coronal - MRI −36(−40mm)

A

P

Cu

L

POS

Pc

SPL

SS

SSS

CF

Pc

SPL

POS

R

Cu

SMG

+ 80

CalS Cul

SMG

CalS OR

LVp LG

LG

OR

MOTG MOTG0 AQL ITG ITG PF

PF PSF

Dc

GN

DN

DN GL

V4

To + 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive DN: Dentate nucleus GL: Gracile lobule GN: Globose nucleus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus No: Nodule OR: Optic radiation Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SF: Secondary fissure SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus To: Tonsil

Val

Uv 0

Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle Val: Vallecula

139

BvL

No - 50

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

LVp

Coronal - Cadaver −36(−36mm)

A

P

R

SPL

+ 50

CF

SS

VLac

L

SPL

Cu

SMG SMG POS FOF CalS Cu LG

POS CalS

Cul

0

LG

AQL

ILF ColS ColS MOTG

MOTG

PF

AQL

PQL

PSF - 30

SSL

PQL

CL

+ 30

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllC: Cerebellar commissure CF: Cerebral falx CL: Central lobule ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen DN: Dentate nucleus EmN: Emboliform nucleus FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus LG: Lingual gyrus

CbllC

No 0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus No: Nodule OR: Optic radiation PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule VLac: Venous lacuna

140

EmN

DN

SSL

PF - 30

0

LEFT

RIGHT

OR OR

Coronal - MRI −36(−40mm)

A

P

L

Pc

SPL

CF

SPL

R

Pc

+ 55

SS POS

POS

Cu

Cu

Cul

CalS

CalS LG LG LVp ColS

LVp

OR PF ColS

0

MOTG MOTG

OTS

AQL

ITG PQL

PF PSF

PSF SSL

AQL + 30

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive EmN: Emboliform nucleus FN: Fastigial nucleus GN: Globose nucleus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn

GN

FN

EmN 0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule

141

Dc

PQL - 30

SSL - 25

LEFT

RIGHT

OR

Coronal - Cadaver –38(–38mm)

A

P

Cu

+ 80

R

POS

Cul

SPL

Pc

CF

SSS

SS

Pc

SPL

IcF

POS

L

Fmj

IPS

CalS SMG(1) IPS AQL LG

CalS

AG SMG(2)

ColS

LG

MOTG

PF Dc

OR MTG

LOTG 0

ILF PQL ColS

ITG OTS

MOTG

PSF

ITG

SSL HF SigS

PSF

SigS ISL DN GL – 80

BvL(1)

BvL(2) VeA(1)

VeA(2)

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive DN: Dentate nucleus Fmj: Forceps major GL: Gracile lobule

HF: Horizontal fissure IcF: Intraculminate fissure ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus No: Nodule OR: Optic radiation OS: Occipital sinus

To

CMC

Uv

To

No

VeA

0

OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SF: Secondary fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

142

BvL – 50

To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula VeA: Vertebral artery

OS

LEFT

RIGHT

PF

Coronal - MRI –38(–42mm)

A

P

CalS

L

Cu(1)

POS

Pc

CF

SS

SSS

Pc

SPL

POS

R

Cu

CalS

+ 80

SMG

Cu (2)

LG LVp

OR MOTG

OR AQL Cul

RIGHT

MTG

MTG(2) 0

PF

MOTG

ITG

OTS

PQL Dc

PSF

ITG

SSL HF

HF

ISL

GN

LGF DN

Flp GL

V4

BvL

FN

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive DN: Dentate nucleus Flp: Flocculus, peduncle FN: Fastigial nucleus GL: Gracile lobule GN: Globose nucleus

HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus No: Nodule OR: Optic radiation OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus

Uv

CMC

No

0

PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle

143

BvL

PbF – 50

To

GL

– 80

LEFT

MTG(1)

Coronal - Cadaver –40(–40mm)

A

P

+ 80

CalS

R

Cu

POS

Pc

SPL

SS

CF

Pc

SPL

SS

L

POS

CalS

IPS IPS Fmj SMG

AG

ColS

Cul

MOTG

AG LG

AQL

MTG(2)

LEFT

RIGHT

MTG(1)

0

MOTG

LOTG

ITG ITG

ColS

PSF

LOTG

SSL

PF(1) SigS

HF SigS

SSL

ISL PQL – 80

LGF

GL

DN

PbF

BvL(1)

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen DN: Dentate nucleus Fmj: Forceps major GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure

IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule

BvL(2)

To

CMC Uv 0

PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis SF: Secondary fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula

144

To

SF

BvL + 50

Py

PF(2)

Coronal - MRI –40(–44mm)

A

P

POS

L

SS

Pc

SPL

CF

SSS

Pc

SPL

Cu

LG

R

IPS CalS

+ 80

Cu(1) AG(1) Cu(2) AG(2)

CalS

OR

LG

MOTG

STS ColS

Cul

AQL

MTG

PF

0

MOTG ITG ITG PQL PF

PSF

PSF SSL HF Dc

HF

GL ISL

DN

BvL

Uv

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive DN: Dentate nucleus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure

IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule

CMC 0

PSF: Posterior superior fissure SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STS: Superior temporal sulcus To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula

145

To

BvL

PbF

GL – 50

LGF

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

MTG

Coronal - Cadaver –42(–42mm)

A

P

Cul

+ 80

R

POS

Cu

SPL

SSS

Pc

CF

Pc

SS

SPL

L

POS

AG IPS

Fmj

Cu

SMG

LG

CalS CalS ColS

LG

MOTG

AG MTG PF

CbllT 0

MOTG LOTG

ITG

ITG

LOG

AQL

CbllT PQL

PF

TS PSF

PSF

TS ISL

ISL LGF – 80

GL LGF

GL

PbF

BvL

Dc

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive DN: Dentate nucleus Fmj: Forceps major

GL: Gracile lobule IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OS: Occipital sinus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus

To CMC

Uv

0

PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus To: Tonsil TS: Transverse sinus Uv: Uvula

146

To

DN – 50

OS

PbF

LEFT

RIGHT

MTG

Coronal - MRI –42(–46mm)

A

P

Cu

L

POS

Pc

SS

SSS

CF

Pc

SPL

LG

R

Cu

IPS

CalS

+ 80

CalS

LG ColS OR AG AQL Cul

RIGHT

PQL

AQL 0

PF PSF PSF SSL SSL HF

HF

DN

ISL To

LGF

PbF

BvL + 50

AG: Angular gyrus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive DN: Dentate nucleus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure

IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SF: Secondary fissure

Uv

CMC 0

SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula

147

Dc

BvL

PbF – 50

GL

– 80

LEFT

MTG

PF

Coronal - Cadaver –44(–44mm)

A

P

CalS

+ 80

R

POS

Cu

SPL

Pc

CF

SSS

SS Pc(1)

Pc(2)

SPL(1)

L

POS Cu

Cul

SPL(2)

AG

CalS

LG

SMG

ColS PF AQL LG AG

PF

MTG

ITG

ColS

0

CbllT LOTG LOTG PQL

ITG

PSF

PQL

TS

TS PSF

SSL SemL ISL LGF

– 80

LGF ISL

GL

PbF

BvL

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen GL: Gracile lobule ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus

LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OS: Occipital sinus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis

Tu

CMC

To

Py

0

SemL: Semilunar lobule SF: Secondary fissure SLs&i: Superior and Inferior semilunar lobule SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus To: Tonsil TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber

148

SF

BvL – 50

OS

GL

LEFT

RIGHT

MOTG

Coronal - MRI –44(–48mm)

A

P

IPS

Cu

L

POS

Pc

SPL

LG

SS

CF

SSS

Pc

SPL POS

Cu LG

R

CalS IPS

+ 80

AG

AG Cul

CalS

OR ColS

OR

MOTG MOTG MTG(1) MTG

ITG

0

PQL

ITG

TS PQL PSF PSF

HF

SSL

SSL

ISL

ISL

LGF

GL

AQL

BvL

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure IPS: Intraparietal sulcus

ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Superior sagittal fissure

CMC

Py

Tu 0

Py: Pyramis SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber

149

Dc

BvL

PbF

PF – 50

GL

LGF

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

MTG(2) PF

Coronal - Cadaver –46(–46mm)

A

P

LG

+ 80

R

CalS

Cu

SPL

POS

SSS

CF

Pc

SS

POS

L

SPL

Cu

AG Cul ColS CalS PF MOTG

LG

0

AG

PQL

MTG

ITG

AQL

PSF

MOTG

SSL

ITG

TS

LOTG

Py

TS PQL

HF

PSF ISL SSL LGF

ISL – 80

GL PbF

BvL

To

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule

ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OS: Occipital sinus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure

Uv

CMC

To 0

Py: Pyramis SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus To: Tonsil TS: Transverse sinus Uv: Uvula

150

Dc

OS

BvL – 50

LGF

LEFT

RIGHT

LOTG

Coronal - MRI –46(–50mm)

A

P

Cu

L

POS

SPL

SS

Pc

CF

SSS

Pc

POS

Cu

R

CalS

+ 80

LG LG CalS

AG

AG

OR OR

MTG

MOTG

AQL

MTG 0

ITG ITG PF TS HF HF ISL

LGF LGF Dc (1) GL

PbF

BvL

+ 50 AG: Angular gyrus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern Cu: Cuneus Dc: Declive GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus

LGF: Lunogracile fissure MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus Py: Pyramis SF: Secondary fissure SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

CMC

Py 0

TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber

151

Tu

Dc (2) – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

MOTG

Coronal - Cadaver –46(–46mm)

A

+ 50

P

R

SPL

SSS

Pc(1)

CF

L

Pc (1)

Pc(2) SPL POS Pc(2) SS

POS

Cu CalS Cu CalS LG LG Cul AQL

ColS

0

PF AQL MOTG PF CbllT

OTS LOTG

LOTG OTS

PQL

PSF

PSF

PQL

– 30

CbllC + 30

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllC: Cerebellar commissure CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive LG: Lingual gyrus LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus

Py 0

Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

152

Dc

SSL – 30

0

LEFT

RIGHT

ColS MOTG

Coronal - MRI –46(–50mm)

A

P

L

SS

SSS

Cu

R

CF

Pc

+ 55

Cu Cu LG

LGen CalS

CalS AG LGen

LG ColS

OR

OR Dc MOTG

AQL

0

LEFT

RIGHT

MOTG

LOTG AQL PF PF

OTS PSF

PQL PQL

CbllC + 30

AG: Angular gyrus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllC: Cerebellar commissure CF: Cerebral falx ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Dc: Declive LG: Lingual gyrus LGen: Line of Gennari LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation

Dc 0

OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

153

SSL – 30

+ 25

Coronal - Cadaver –48(–48mm)

A

P

CalS

+ 80

R

SPL(2)

POS

SPL(1) Cu

Pc

SSS

CF

Pc

POS

Cu

SPL(1)

L

SS

SPL(2)

AG CalS LG ColS AG

Dc

LG

MOTG ColS CbllT

0

ITG(1)

CbllT

ITG(2)

ITG

LOTG

LOTG

TS

TS

PSF

SSL

Fol

PSF

SSL PQL HF – 80

ISL

LGF

GL

PbF

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Dc: Declive Fol: Folium GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule

ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus OS: Occipital sinus PbF: Preiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis

BvL

Uv CMC 0

SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus Uv: Uvula

154

Py

OS

GL

LGF – 50

ISL

LEFT

RIGHT

PF PQL

Coronal - MRI –48(–52mm)

A

P

Cu

L

SS

SPL(2) POS

SPL(1) Pc

CF

SSS

Pc SPL(1) POS

SPL(2)

R

Cu

CalS

+ 80

CalS LG AG AG OR OR LG MOTG MTG MTG

ITS ITG 0

MOTG PF ITG TS

PSF SSL

PSF HF SSL

ISL HF

LGF

GL

BvL

Tu

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx Cu: Cuneus Dc: Declive Fol: Folium GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LG: Lingual gyrus

LGF: Lunogracile fissure MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

Py

Val

Fol 0

TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber Val: Vallecula

155

Dc(2)

BvL

GL

LGF – 50

ISL

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

Dc(1)

Coronal - Cadaver –50(–50mm)

A

+ 80

P

CalS

R

Cu

POS

SPL

SSS

Pc

CF

Pc

POS

SPL(1)

L

SPL(2)

Cu

AG

SPL(3) LG SS

AG

Dc

CalS

MOTG

LG ColS

MTG

LOTG ITG(1)

0

ITG ITG(2) CbllT MOTG TS

CbllT TS

PSF

SSL SemL

PSF HF

LGF

– 80

PF

PQL

GL

PbF

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Dc: Declive Fol: Folium GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule

ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OS: Occipital sinus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissue

BvL

Fol

CMC

Tu

0

SemL: Semilunar lobule SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber

156

PQL

OS

GL – 50

LGF

ISL

LEFT

RIGHT

MTG

Coronal - MRI –50(–54mm)

A

P

CalS

L

LGen

POS

LG

Pc

SSS

Pc

Cu

SPL POS

CalS

R

LG

OR

+ 80

MOTG

AG

AG

SS

AQL OT MTG

MTG

LOTG AQL

LOTG

PF 0

TS

ITG

PQL PF PSF PSF

SSL HF HF

ISL ISL LGF

PQL

GL

BvL

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus Cu: Cuneus Fol: Folium GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGen: Line of Gennari LGF: Lunogracile fissure

LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation OT: Optic tract PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis SPL: Superior parietal lobule

Tu

Py

Fol 0

SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber

157

BvL

PbF

GL – 50

LGF

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

ITG

Coronal - Cadaver –51(–51mm)

A

P

SPL(2)

+ 80

R

Cu

POS SPL(1)

Pc

SSS

CF

Pc

SPL(1)

POS SPL(2)

L

Cu SPL(3)

CalS

AG SS LG AG

ColS

CalS

ILF

LG

MTG

OR ColS MTG

LOTG

ITS

0

PF ITG ITG CbllT

MOTG CbllT

TS

TS

PSF

SSL

PQL

PSF

HF

SSL

– 80

HF

LGF GL

PbF

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Dc: Declive Fol: Folium GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus

ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation OS: Occipital sinus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure

BvL

Fol

CMC

Tu

0

POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber

158

Dc

OS

PQL

GL LGF – 50

ISL

LEFT

RIGHT

PF

Coronal - MRI –51(–56mm)

A

P

L

Cal S

SS

POS

LG (1)

Pc SSS

Pc

Cu

SPL POS CalS

R

LG

AG

+ 80

OR

MOTG LG(2) AG OR AQL ColS MTG

MTG

LOTG ITG

PF PF ITG

0

TS PSF

PQL PSF

SSL HF HF

ISL

ISL LGF

GL

BvL

Tu

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Fol: Folium GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus

LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus

Py

CMC 0

SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber

159

Fol

BvL

GL

PQL – 50

LGF

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

AQL

Coronal - Cadaver –52(–52mm)

A

P

SPL(2)

+ 80

R

POS SPL(1)

Pc

SSS

CF

Pc SPL(1)POS

SPL(2)

L

SPL(3)

Cu Cu

AG

AG CalS CalS

LG

SS

ColS MOTG

LG

RIGHT

MTG

ITG 0

LOTG

AQL

CbllT

PF

TS

TS

PQL

PSF SSL

SSL PQL

HF

HF – 80

ISL

LGF

GL

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Dc: Declive Fol: Folium GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus

LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OS: Occipital sinus Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus

Fol

Tu 0

SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber

160

Dc

OS

GL LGF – 50

ISL

LEFT

ColS

MTG

Coronal - MRI –52(–58mm)

A

P

Cal S

L

Cu

POS

SPL

SSS

CF

POS

SPL

Cu

R

CalS

+ 80

AG

LG

LG

SS AG MOTG

MTG

MTG

LOTG

LOG

ITG

ITG

PQL

0

TS

SSL SSL

HF HF

ISL ISL LGF

GL + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx Cu: Cuneus Fol: Folium GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus

Fol(2)

Fol(1) 0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PF: Primary ssure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber

161

Tu

PF

GL

PQL – 50

LGF

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

MOTG

Coronal - Cadaver –54(–54mm)

A

P

R

Cu(2)

+ 80

SPL

Cu(1)

POS

SSS

Pc

Pc

SPL

L

POS

CF

AG

CalS

Cu

LG

AG

CalS ColS

SS

MOTG

RIGHT

ITG(2)

LG(2)

0

LOG

PQL

ColS

PSF

MOTG

TS SSL

TS

HF

SSL

PQL ISL

HF – 80

LGF

Fol

GL

Tu

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Fol: Folium GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure

LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus OS: Occipital sinus Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus

CMC 0

Tu: Tuber

162

GL

OS

LGF(2)

PF – 50

LGF(1)

LEFT

LG(1)

ITG(1)

Coronal - MRI –54(–60mm)

A

P

L

POS

SPL

CF

SPL

SSS

POS

Cu

R

AG

+ 80

CalS

Cu LG CalS

SS

LG

PQL

LOG

PSF 0

TS

PSF

SSL SSL

HF ISL

ISL

LGF

GL(1)

GL(2) + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern Cu: Cuneus Fol: Folium GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus

Fol

CMC

Tu 0

PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber

163

GL(2)

GL(1) – 50

LGF

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PQL

Coronal - Cadaver –56(–56mm)

A

+ 80

P

Cu(2)

R

SPL

POS

Pc

Cu(1)

SSS

CF

Pc

POS

SPL

Cu(1)

L

Cu(2)

AG AG CalS CalS LG SS

ColS

LG MOTG ColS ITG CbllT

LOG

LOG

SSL

0

TS

PQL

LGF

TS

HF PSF GL PbF

SSL

BvL HF – 80

ISL

LGF

GL

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure

LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus OS: Occipital sinus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure RCpmi: Rectus capitis posterior minor muscle RCpmj: Rectus capitis posterior major muscle SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus

RCpmi

RCpmi 0

SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TM: Temporal muscle TS: Transverse sinus

164

RCpmj

OS

SCM – 50

TM

LEFT

RIGHT

CbllT

Coronal - MRI –56(–62mm)

A

P

L

Cu

POS

SPL

CF

SSS

SPL

POS

Cu

CalS

R

AG

+ 80

CalS SS

COG LG LG LOG ColS

RIGHT

TS

PSF

0

SSL SSL

PSF LGF

ISL

GL

Dc + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Dc: Declive Fol: Folium GL: Gracile lobule ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lungracile fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus

Tu

CMC

Fol 0

POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber

165

GL – 50

LGF

– 80

LEFT

PQL

PQL

Coronal - Cadaver –58(–58mm)

A

P

Cu(2)

+ 80

R

SPL

POS

Pc

Cu(1)

SSS

CF

POS

SPL

Cu(1)

Cu(2)

L

CalS

AG AG

CalS

SS

LG(1) LG

LG(2)

ILF

0

ColS

ITG

LOG

LOG TS CbllT

SSL

HF

TS

LGF

SSL

GL

HF

– 80

OS ISL

LGF + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllF: Cerebellar falx CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus

GL

CbllF

RCpmi RCpmi 0

LGF: Lunogracile fissure TS: Transverse sinus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus OS: Occipital sinus Pc: Precuneus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus RCpmi: Rectus capitis posterior minor muscle RCpmj: Rectus capitis posterior major muscle SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TM: Temporal muscle

166

RCpmj

SCM

TM – 50

LEFT

RIGHT

ColS

Coronal - MRI –58(–64mm)

A

P

SPL

L

POS

CF

SPL

SSS

POS

Cu

R

CalS

+ 80

LG(1)

Cu LOG

CalS

LG SS 0

LOG

TS

PSF HF

SSL

SSL

LGF

PQL + 50

CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern Cu: Cuneus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SPL: Superior parietal lobule

GL

CMC 0

SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus

167

GL

LGF – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

LG(2)

Coronal - Cadaver –60(–60mm)

A

+ 80

P

Cu(2)

R

AG(1)

POS

Cu(1)

SSS POS

CF

SPL

Cu

L

AG CalS

CalS

SS AG (2)

LG LG ColS

LOG(1) ColS

LOG(1)

LOG(2)

0

TS

CbllF

SSL TS

HF

SSL

ISL

HF LGF ISL GL LGF OS GL – 80

TM

SCM

RCpmj

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllF: Cerebellar falx CF: Cerebral falx ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus OS: Occipital sinus

RCPmi

RCpmi 0

POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus RCpmi: Rectus capitis posterior minor muscle RCpmj: Rectus capitis posterior major muscle SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TM: Temporal muscle TS: Transverse sinus

168

RCpmj

SCM – 50

TM

LEFT

RIGHT

LOG(2)

Coronal - MRI –60(–66mm)

A

P

SPL

L

POS

Cu (1)

SSS

CF

POS

R

Cu

Cu (2)

+ 80

CalS

CalS LOG

LOG

LG 0

SS

TS SSL SemL

HF

LGF

GL + 50

CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern Cu: Cuneus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus SemL: Semilunar lobule SPL: Superior parietal lobule SS: Straight sinus

CMC 0

SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus

169

GL

LGF – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

LG

Coronal - Cadaver –62(–62mm)

A

P

Cu(2)

+ 80

R

AG

Cu(1)

POS

CF

SSS

Cu(1)

Cu(2)

L

AG CalS

CalS SS LG LG ColS

LOG(1)

SSL LOG(2)

0

TS CbllT SSL TS ISL

HF

HF

ISL

LGF OS

GL TM – 80

TM

SCM

RCpmj

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus OS: Occipital sinus

RCpmi

RCpmi 0

POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus RCpmi: Rectus capitis posterior minor muscle RCpmj: Rectus capitis posterior major muscle SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TM: Temporal muscle TS: Transverse sinus

170

RCpmj

SCM – 50

LEFT

RIGHT

LOG

Coronal - MRI –62(–68mm)

A

P

L

CalS

Cu

SSS

CF

Cu (1)

R

Cu (2)

+ 80

CalS

LG

LG

0

LOG TS

SLs&i ISL

LGF

GL + 50

OS

CfS 0

CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CfS: Confluence of sinuses Cu: Cuneus GL: Gracile lobule ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus OS: Occipital sinus SLs&i: Superior and Inferior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus

171

GL

LGF – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

LOG

Coronal - Cadaver –64(–64mm)

A

P

R

SPL

+ 80

CalS

SSS

Cu

Pc

Dur

L

SPL

LG

POS LOG(1)

Cu

LOG(2)

CF

0

LEFT

RIGHT

CalS

TS LG

LOG

SSL

TS

HF SSL

OS ISL – 80

TrM + 50

CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CfS: Confluence of sinuses Cu: Cuneus Dur: Dura mater HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus OS: Occipital sinus Pc: Precuneus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle

SCM

CfS

SCM 0

SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TrM: Trapezius muscle TS: Transverse sinus

172

TrM – 50

Coronal - MRI –64(–70mm)

A

P

LOG(1)

L

CalS

Cu

SSS

CF

Cu

R

CalS

– 80

LG

LOG(2)

LOG(1)

LG

LOG(2)

0

TS

HF

ISL SemL

LGF

GL + 50

CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CfS: Confluence of sinuses Cu: Cuneus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus OS: Occipital sinus SemL: Semilunar lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

CfS

Val

OS 0

TS: Transverse sinus Val: Vallecula

173

GL – 50

LGF

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

LOG(3)

Coronal - Cadaver –66(–66mm)

A

P

R

CalS

+ 80

Cu

SSS

POS

Cu

L

CalS

LG

LOG(1) LG

LOG(1) LEFT

RIGHT

LOG(2)

0

CfS

TS

OS

LOG(2)

ISL

TS

– 80

TM + 50

SCM

SCM 0

CalS: Calcarine sulcus CfS: Confluence of sinuses Cu: Cuneus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus OS: Occipital sinus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TM: Temporal muscle TS: Transverse sinus

174

TM – 50

Coronal - MRI –66(–72mm)

A

P

L

CalS

SSS

Cu

R

Cu

+ 80

CalS

LG

LOG(1)

RIGHT

LG 0

LOG(2) LOG(2)

CfS TS GL + 50

OS

GL 0

CalS: Calcarine sulcus CfS: Confluence of sinuses Cu: Cuneus GL: Gracile lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus OS: Occipital sinus SSS : Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus

175

– 50

– 80

LEFT

LOG(1)

Coronal - Cadaver –68(–68mm)

A

P

OuT

+ 80

R

SOG

Cu(1)

SubT

SSS

Epi

Der

SgB

L

IT

Cu(2)

Cu

LamS CalS MOG

LG

LEFT

RIGHT

LG(1)

IOG 0

LOG(1) TM LG(2) OMS

OB CfS OMS

TS LOG(2) – 80

ISL

TrM + 50

CalS: Calcarine sulcus CfS: Confluence of sinuses CG: Cingulate gyrus Cu: Cuneus Der: Dermis Epi: Epidermis IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule IT: Inner table LamS: Lambdoid suture LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus

SCM

OB 0

MOG: Middle occipital gyrus OB: Occipital bone OMS: Occipitomastoid suture OuT: Outer table SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SgB: Spongy bone SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus SubT: Subcutaneous tissue TM: Temporal muscle TrM: Trapezius muscle TS: Transverse sinus

176

SCM

TrM – 50

Coronal - MRI –68(–74mm)

A

P

L

Cu

SOG

SSS

Cu

SOG

R

CalS

+ 80

MOG(1)

MOG

CalS

LG

0

IOG LG

TS IOG

GL

GL

OS + 50

– 80

CfS 0

CalS: Calcarine sulcus CfS: Confluence of sinuses Cu: Cuneus GL: Gracile lobule IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus OS: Occipital sinus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TS: Transverse sinus

177

– 50

LEFT

RIGHT

MOG(2)

Coronal - Cadaver –70(–70mm)

A

P

R

Lam

+ 80

SubT

Epi

SSu

OuT

L

SgB

Cu

IT

SOG LamS

LamS

SOG Cu SSS MOG

LEFT

RIGHT

Dur LOG 0

MOG

LG

LG

OMS

OMS IOG

– 80

TrM

SCM + 50

CalS: Calcarine sulcus Cu: Cuneus Dur: Dura mater Epi: Epidermis IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IT: Inner table Lam: Lambda LamS: Lambdoid suture LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus OB: Occipital bone OMS: Occipitomastoid suture

OB 0

OuT: Outer table SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SgB: Spongy bone SSS: Superior sagittal sinus SSu: Sagittal suture SubT: Subcutaneous tissue TrM: Trapezius muscle

178

LG

SCM

TrM

CalS – 50

Coronal - MRI –70(–76mm)

A

P

L

SOG

Cu

Cu

R

Cal S

+ 80

LG CalS

RIGHT

0

IOG

IOG

CfS LG

GL + 50

– 80

GL 0

CalS: Calcarine sulcus CfS: Confluence of sinuses Cu: Cuneus GL: Gracile lobule IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus

179

– 50

LEFT

MOG

MOG

Coronal - Cadaver –72(–72mm)

A

P

+ 80

LamS

R

OuT

Lam

SgB

L

Epi

SubF

IT Cu

CF

Dur

LOG

LEFT

RIGHT

Cu

0

MOG

SSS

CalS LG

LG

IOG OMS – 80

TrM + 50

CalS: Calcarine sulcus CF: Cerebral falx Cu: Cuneus Dur: Dura mater Epi: Epidermis IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IT: Inner table Lam: Lambda LamS: Lambdoid suture LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus

SCM

OB 0

MOG: Middle occipital gyrus OB: Occipital bone OMS: Occipitomastoid suture OuT: Outer table SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SgB: Spongy bone SSS: Superior sagittal sinus SubF: Subcutaneous fat TrM: Trapezius muscle

180

SCM

LG

OMS – 50

Coronal - MRI –72(–78mm)

A

P

L

R

Cu

Cu(1)

+ 80

CalS

0

LOG

LG CalS

LG + 50

– 80

OB 0

CalS: Calcarine sulcus Cu: Cuneus LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus OB: Occipital bone

181

– 50

LEFT

RIGHT

Cu(2)

Chapter II Sagittal Images of Cadaver and Human Brain of 7.0 T MRI In Vivo

184

Expanded view

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Expanded view

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Expanded view

Expanded view

No. -60( -60mm) No. -58( -58mm) No. -56( -56mm) No. -54( -54mm) No. -52( -52mm) No. -50( -50mm) No. -48( -48mm) No. -46( -46mm) No. -44( -44mm) No. -42( -42mm) No. -40( -40mm) No. -38( -38mm) No. -36( -36mm) No. -34( -34mm) No. -32( -32mm) No. -30( -30mm) No. -28( -28mm) No. -26( -26mm) No. -24( -24mm) No. -22( -22mm) No. -20( -20mm) No. -18( -18mm) No. -16( -16mm) No. -14( -14mm) No. -12( -12mm) No. -10( -10mm) No. -8( -8mm) No. -6( -6mm) No. -4( -4mm) No. -2( -2mm) No. -0( -0mm) No. +2( +2mm) No. +4( +4mm) No. +6( +6mm) No. +8( +8mm) No.+10(+10mm) No.+12(+12mm) No.+14(+14mm) No.+16(+16mm) No.+18(+18mm) No.+20(+20mm) No.+22(+22mm) No.+24(+24mm) No.+26(+26mm) No.+28(+28mm) No.+30(+30mm) No.+32(+32mm) No.+34(+34mm) No.+36(+36mm) No.+38(+38mm) No.+40(+40mm) No.+42(+42mm) No.+44(+44mm) No.+46(+46mm) No.+48(+48mm) No.+50(+50mm) No.+52(+52mm) No.+54(+54mm) No.+56(+56mm) No.+58(+58mm) No.+60(+60mm)

Sagittal Slices of the Cadaver

185

Expanded view

Expanded view

Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view

Expanded view Expanded view

Expanded view Expanded view

Expanded view

Expanded view

No. -60( -65mm) No. -58( -63mm) No. -56( -61mm) No. -54( -59mm) No. -52( -57mm) No. -50( -55mm) No. -48( -53mm) No. -46( -49mm) No. -45( -51mm) No. -44( -47mm) No. -42( -45mm) No. -40( -43mm) No. -38( -41mm) No. -36( -39mm) No. -34( -37mm) No. -32( -35mm) No. -30( -33mm) No. -28( -31mm) No. -26( -29mm) No. -24( -27mm) No. -22( -25mm) No. -21( -23mm) No. -20( -21mm) No. -18( -19mm) No. -16( -17mm) No. -14( -15mm) No. -12( -13mm) No. -10( -11mm) No. -8( -9mm) No. -6( -7mm) No. -4( -5mm) No. -2( -3mm) No. +0( -1mm) No. +2( +1mm) No. +3( +3mm) No. +4( +5mm) No. +6( +7mm) No. +8( +9mm) No.+10(+11mm) No.+12(+13mm) No.+14(+15mm) No.+16(+17mm) No.+18(+19mm) No.+19(+21mm) No.+20(+23mm) No.+22(+25mm) No.+24(+27mm) No.+26(+29mm) No.+28(+31mm) No.+30(+33mm) No.+32(+35mm) No.+34(+37mm) No.+36(+39mm) No.+38(+41mm) No.+40(+43mm) No.+42(+45mm) No.+44(+47mm) No.+46(+49mm) No.+47(+51mm) No.+48(+53mm) No.+50(+55mm) No.+52(+57mm) No.+54(+59mm) No.+56(+61mm) No.+58(+63mm) No.+60(+65mm)

Sagittal Slices of the 7.0T MRI

Sagittal - Cadaver +60(+60mm)

R

L

R

CeS

+ 80

PoG(1)

PoG(2)

PoS

L

SMG(1)

SMG(2)

PrG

TTG LS SMG(3) PrS

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGop

0

MCVs

MTG(1)

STG

STS

ITG

MTG(2)

– 80

MTG(3)

ITS

MM + 50

ArD: Articular disc CeS: Central sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MDcp: Mandible, condylar process MM: Masseter muscle MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PaGl: Parotid gland PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

ArD

MDcp 0

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STA: Superficial temporal artery STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

186

STA

PaGl

TB – 50

Sagittal - MRI +60(+65mm)

L

R

L

CeS

PoG

PoS

SMG(1)

R

SMG(2)

+ 80

TTG PrG

STS(1)

0

MTG(1) STG

STS(2)

– 80

MTG(2) + 50

0

CeS: Central sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

187

– 50

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

LS

Sagittal - Cadaver +58(+58mm)

R

L

R

PoG

CeS

+ 80

PoS

SMG(1)

TTG

L

SMG(2)

PrG

PrS SMG(3) IFGop

AG 0

MCVs STG(1)

STG(2) ITG

STS

TB

– 80

MTG

MM

ArD

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus ArD: Articular disc CeS: Central sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MDcp: Mandible, condylar process MM: Masseter muscle MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PaGl: Parotid gland PoG: Postcentral gyrus

MDcp

STA 0

PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STA: Superficial temporal artery STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

188

PaGl

ITS – 50

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

LS

Sagittal - MRI +58(+63mm)

L

R

L

CeS

PoG

PoS

R

SMG(1)

+ 80

SMG(2) PrG

TTG

LS 0

MTG(1)

STG

ITS

STS(2)

MTG(2) + 50

– 80

ITG 0

Ces: Central sulcus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

189

– 50

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

STS(1)

Sagittal - Cadaver +56(+56mm)

R

L

+ 80

PrG

R

CeS

PoG

PoS

PB

L

SMG(1) SMG(2)

PrS TTG

SMG(3)

IFGop AG

0

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGtr

LS MTG(1)

MCVs ITS(1)

STG(2)

ITG

TB

STS

– 80

MTG(2)

MM + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MM: Masseter muscle MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PaGl: Parotid gland PB: Parietal bone PoG: Postcentral gyrus

ITS(2)

STA 0

PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STA: Superficial temporal artery STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

190

PaGl

SCM – 50

Sagittal - MRI +56(+61mm)

L

R

PrS

L

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SMG(1)

R

+ 80

SMG(2)

TTG IFGop

LS 0

STG

MTG(1)

STS(2) MTG(2) + 50

ITG 0

TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus CeS: Central sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

191

ITS – 50

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

STS(1)

Sagittal - Cadaver +54(+54mm)

R

L

R

CeS

+ 80

PoG

PoS

PB

SMG(1)

L

SMG(2)

TTG

PrG

SMG(3) PcS AG(1) IFGop AG(2)

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

STG(1) IFGtr 0

MTG(1)

LS

TS

MCVs

SigS

STG(2) TB

– 80

STS

MM + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MM: Masseter muscle MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PB: Parietal bone PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

MTG(2)

ITS 0

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STA: Superficial temporal artery STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

192

STA

ITG

SCM – 50

Sagittal - MRI +54(+59mm)

L

R

L

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SMG(1)

R

SMG(2)

+ 80

SMG(3)

TTG

IFGop

MTG(1) 0

LS

MTG(2)

STS(2)

ITG ITS + 50

MTG(3) 0

TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus CeS: Central sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

193

STG – 50

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

STS(1)

Sagittal - Cadaver +52(+52mm)

R

L

R

CeS

+ 80

TTG

PoG

PoS

PB

SMG(1)

L

SMG(2)

SMG(3)

PrG

PrS AG(1)

IFGop

TTG IFGtr MTG(1)

0

LS ITS(1)

MCVs TS

STG

SigS – 80

STS

MTG(2)

MTG(3)

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcu LS: Lateral sulcuss MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PB: Parietal bone PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus

ITS(2)

STA 0

PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STA: Superficial temporal artery STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

194

ITG

TB – 50

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

AG(2)

Sagittal - MRI +52(+57mm)

L

R

PrS

L

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SMG(1)

R

SMG(2)

IFGop

+ 80

SMG(3)

TTG

IFGtr

LS 0

MTG(1)

STG

MTG(2)

STS(2)

MTG(3)

ITS + 50

– 80

ITG 0

STS: Superior temporal sulcus CeS: Central sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus

195

– 50

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

STS(1)

Sagittal - Cadaver +50(+50mm)

R

L

R

Ces

PcG

+ 80

TTGp

PB

PoG

PoS

SMG(1)

L

SMG(2)

PcS SMG(3)

TTGa

STG(1)

IFGop AG(1) IFGtr(1)

ANTERIOR

LS 0

IFGob

MTG(1)

STG(2) TS(1)

TS(2)

STS

EV

MTG(2) IOG

– 80

ITS

ITG + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus EV: Emissary vein IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery PB: Parietal bone

MxA 0

PoN: Preoccipital notch PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone TS: Transverse sinus TTGa: Anterior transverse temporal gyrus TTGp: Posterior transverse temporal gyrus

196

TB

PoN – 50

SigS

POSTERIOR

AG(2)

IFGtr(2)

Sagittal - MRI +50(+55mm)

L

R

L

PrS

Ces

PrG

PoG

PoS

R

SMG(1)

+ 80

SMG(2)

IFGtr TTG

IFGop

LS

AG

STG

0

MTG(1)

SigS STS(2)

MTG(2)

ITS + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus

ITG(2) 0

SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

197

ITG(1) – 50

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

STS(1)

Sagittal - Cadaver +48(+48mm)

R

L

PrS(2)

+ 80

R

PrS(1)

PrG

CeS

PB

PoG

PoS

L

SMG(1)

SMG(2) IFS TTGp MFG(1)

IFGop AG(1) MFG(2) AG(2)

TTGa 0

IFGtr(2) PoN

IFGob

TS

LS

SPtS

STS(1) EV

– 80

STS(2)

ITG + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus EV: Emissary vein IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery PB: Parietal bone

STG 0

PoN: Preoccipital notch PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTGa: Anterior transverse temporal gyrus TTGp: Posterior transverse temporal gyrus

198

MxA

MTG

SigS – 50

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGtr(1)

Sagittal - MRI +48(+53mm)

L

R

L

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL

IPS

R

SMG(1)

+ 80

IFGop

SMG(2)

SMG(3)

IFGtr

STS(1)

AG

MTG(1) 0

LS ITS

STG

ITG(1)

STS(2) MTG(2) + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus

ITG(2)

TTG(1) 0

PrS: Precentral sulcus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

199

TTG(2)

SSL – 50

TS

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGob

Sagittal - Cadaver +47(+47mm)

R

L

PrS(2)

+ 80

R

PrS(1)

PrG

CeS

PB

PoG

PoS

L

SMG(1)

IFS SMG(2)

MFG(1) TTGp IFGop AG(1) AMFG(2))

ANTERIOR

TTGa 0

IFGtr(2)

IFGob

TS

PoN

LS

SPtS STG

EV

– 80

STS(1)

STS(2) + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus EV: Emissary vein IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery

ITG

MxA 0

PB: Parietal bone TTGp: Posterior transverse temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoN: Preoccipital notch PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTGa: Anterior transverse temporal gyrus

200

ILF

MTG – 50

SigS

POSTERIOR

AG(2)

IFGtr(1)

Sagittal - MRI +47(+51mm)

L

R

L

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL

IPS

R

SMG(1)

+ 80

SMG(2) PrS

SMG(3)

IFGop STS(1)

ANTERIOR

MTG(1) 0

IFGob

ITS

LS ITG(1)

TS STG

STS(2)

MTG(2) + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcusIF Gob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus

TTG(1)

ITG(2) 0

PrS: Precentral sulcus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

201

TTG(2) – 50

SSL

– 80

POSTERIOR

AG

IFGtr

Sagittal - Cadaver +46(+46mm)

R

L

TTGa

+ 80

R

PrS

PrG

CeS

PB

PoG

PoS

SMG(1)

L

SMG(2) SMG(3)

IFS(1)

TTGP

MFG(1)

AG(1)

IFS(2)

AG(2)

IFGop

AG(3)

LOG(1) 0

IFGtr

LOG(2)

LS

TS

IFGob

PoN

STG ITG(1)

– 80

STS(1)

STS(2) + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery

PB: Parietal bone PoN: Preoccipital notch PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus

ITG(2)

MxA

ILF

0

TTGa: Anterior transverse temporal gyrus TTGp: Posterior transverse temporal gyrus

202

MTG

SigS – 50

SPtS

SSL

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

MFG(2)

Sagittal - MRI +46(+49mm)

L

R

MFG

L

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL

R

IPS

+ 80

SMG

IFS

TTGp

IFGop

AG(1)

IFGtr

IFGob 0

LOG

LS PoN

STG

TS

STS

ITG(1)

MTG

ITS + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus HF: Horizontal fissure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoN: Preoccipital notch PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus

ITG(2)

TTGa 0

TTGa: Anterior transverse temporal gyrus TTGp: Posterior transverse temporal gyrus

203

ISL – 50

SSL

HF

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

AG(2)

Sagittal - Cadaver +44(+44mm)

R

+ 80

L

R

PrS

MFG

PrG

CeS

PB

PoG

PoS

L

TTGa SMG

IFS

TTGp

IFGop AG

STG

INsg

ANTERIOR

ILF 0

LS

MTG(1) TS(1)

IFGob OB PoN MCA(1)

LRM

TS(2)

MCA(2)

– 80

SSL

STG

STS

MTG(2)

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus ColS: Collateral sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus INsg: Insula, short gyrus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LRM: Lateral rectus muscle

LS: Lateral sulcus MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery N7: Facial nerve OB: Occipital bone PB: Parietal bone PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoN: Preoccipital notch PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus

ITS

ITG

ColS

MxA

0

SigS: Sigmoid sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTGa: Anterior transverse temporal gyrus TTGp: Posterior transverse temporal gyrus

204

N7

SigS – 50

SPtS

POSTERIOR

LOG IFGtr

Sagittal - MRI +44(+47mm)

L

R

L

MFG

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL

R

IPS

+ 80

IN(1) IFS AG(1)

IFGop

IN(2)

AG(2) IFGtr

LOG 0

IFGob

PoN LS TS

STG SSL

HF STS MTG + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus HF: Horizontal fissure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus

ITG

TTG(1) 0

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoN: Preoccipital notch PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SPL: Superior parietal lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

205

TTG(2) – 50

ISL

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

AG(3)

Sagittal - Cadaver +42(+42mm)

R

L

R

INlg

+ 80

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

L

TTGa

SMG(1)

IFS

IFGop

TTGp

CeSIN

SMG(2)

MFG(2) AG INsg LOG

LS 0

ILF

MCA(1)

TS(1)

IFGob TS(2) MCA(2) PSF LRM PQL IOM SSL

STG SPtS – 80

STS

MTG

ITS

MOTG

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOM: Inferior oblique muscle ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus

LRM: Lateral rectus muscle LS: Lateral sulcus MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MPM: Medial pterygoid muscle MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery N7: Facial nerve OCS: Obliquus capitis superioris muscle PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule

MPM

MxA 0

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fi ssure SigS: Sigmoid sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTGa: Anterior transverse temporal gyrus TTGp: Posterior transverse temporal gyrus

206

N7

OCS – 50

SigS

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGtr

Sagittal - MRI +42(+45mm)

L

R

L

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL

R

IPS

+ 80

AG(1)

IFGop

TTG(1) AG(2) MFG(2)

TTG(2)

AG(3)

LOG 0

IFGob

TS LS

SSL

STG

HF STS

MTG + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula HF: Horizontal fissure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus

LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SPL: Superior parietal lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus

ITS

MOTG 0

TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

207

INsg

INlg

CeSIN – 50

ISL

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGtr

Sagittal - Cadaver +40(+40mm)

R

L

+ 80

MFG

R

PrG

PrS

CeS

PB

PoG

L

PoS

INlg SMG

IFGop

AG

TTG CeSIN

SOG INsg MOG

IOG 0

MCA(1) TS(1) TS(2)

IFGob

PQL LS PSF LRM

SSL

IOM

HF

MCA(2)

– 80

ISL

STG

STS

MTG

ITS

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula HF: Horizontal fi ssure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IOM: Inferior oblique muscle ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule

ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LRM: Lateral rectus muscle LS: Lateral sulcus MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery N7: Facial nerve OCS: Obliquus capitis superioris muscle PB: Parietal bone PoG: Postcentral gyrus

MOTG

MxA ILF 0

PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fi ssure SigS: Sigmoid sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus

208

N7

SPtS

SigS – 50

TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

OCS

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGtr

Sagittal - MRI +40(+43mm)

L

R

L

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

R

SPL

+ 80

IPS

AG(1)

TTG

AG(2) MFG(2) TTG

ANTERIOR

INlg CeSIN LOG

0

IFGtr TS IFGob

SPtS

SSL LS

HF

ISL STG

MTG + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fi ssure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fi ssure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus

LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus

MOTG

GL 0

TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

209

– 50

LGF

– 80

POSTERIOR

AG(3)

INsg

Sagittal - Cadaver +38(+38mm)

R

L

MFG

+ 80

R

IFS(1)

PrS

PrG

PB

CeS

PoG

PoS

L

SMG TTG

SFG

AG(1)

SFS

AG(2) IFGop IFS(2) SOG

IFGtr(1)

ILF(1)

MOG

INsg 0

IOG

IFGtr(2)

PoN

MCA

TS LPS Star

PSF

IFGob

SSL

HF IOM ISL LRM

SPtS – 80

LS

STG

CeSIN

INlg

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula FB: Frontal bone HF: Horizontal fissure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus

IOM: Inferior oblique muscle ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LPS: Levator palpebrae superioris muscle LRM: Lateral rectus muscle LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MPM: Medial pterygoid muscle MxA: Maxillary artery OCS: Obliquus capitis superioris muscle

ILF(2)

MPM MxA MOTG 0

PB: Parietal bone PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoN: Preoccipital notch PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus

210

LVi

OCS – 50

SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus Star: Superior tarsus STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

SigS

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

FB

Sagittal - MRI +38(+41mm)

L

R

L

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

R

SPL

IPS

+ 80

MFG(2) AG(1)

TTG AG(2)

AG(3)

SOG

INsg

MOG 0

IFGtr CeSIN

TS IFGob SPtS LS SSL

HF STG

ISL MCA

MTG + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure LS: Lateral sulcus

MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus

MOTG

GL 0

STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

211

LGF – 50

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

INlg

Sagittal - Cadaver +36(+36mm)

R

L

+ 80

IFS

R

INIg

PrS

PrG

CeS

SPL

PoG

IPS

L

AG(1)

SFG(1)

TTG

MFG

AG(2)

AG(3) SFS

LVi

SFG(2)

SOG

CeSIN

OR MOG

INsg 0

IOG IFGob(2)

PoN TS

ObG

PSF

MCA(1)

SSL MCA(2) HF

STG ISL ILF – 80

CNt

MTG

ColS

MOTG LPM

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus

IIPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure LPM: Lateral pterygoid muslce LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery N7: Facial nerve ObG: Orbital gyrus

MxA

Hi

0

OR: Optic radiation PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoN: Preoccipital notch PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus

212

N7

SpS

SigS – 50

STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

LGF

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGob(1)

Sagittal - MRI +36(+39mm)

L

R

L

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

R

IPS

SPL(2)

+ 80

AG(1) TTG

AG(2)

CeSIN

MFG(2) AG(3)

INlg

INsg MOG

0

IFGtr SPtS TS

IFGob

PSF

LS

PQL

SSL MCA HF

STG

MTG

ITG

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure

LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PF: Primary fissure PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus

MOTG

LVi 0

PSF: Posterior superior fissure SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

213

GL – 50

PF

LGF

ISL

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

SOG

Sagittal - Cadaver +34(+34mm)

R

L

SFG

+ 80

R

INIg

PrS

TTG

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL

L

IPS AG(1) AR

SFS

AG(2) CeSIN AG(3) CirS

SOG(1) CNt SOG(2)

Cl INsg

OR 0

EmC

MOG

LOG

IOG

MCA

PoN TS PSF

LS

SSL Amg HF

ISL

STG

LGF – 80

MTG

Hi

ColS

MOTG

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AR: Auditory radiation CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula CirS: Circular sulcus of insula Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus EmC: Extreme capsule GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus

IJV: Internal jugular vein INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

N8

N7

0

MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve OR: Optic radiation PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoN: Preoccipital notch PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus

214

IJV

SPtS

SigS – 50

SigS: Sigmoid sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

PQL

GL

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

LVi

Sagittal - MRI +34(+37mm)

L

R

TTG

L

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL

IPS

R

AG(1)

+ 80

AG(2) MFG(2) AG(3) INlg AG(4) INsg(1)

ANTERIOR

INsg(2)

MOG 0

IOG

CeSIN

SPtS TS IFGob PSF PQL MCA

SSL

HF STG

ILF

PHG

LVi

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus

IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus

ColS(1)

CNt 0

PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

215

MOTG

ColS(2)

BvL – 50

AQL

GL

LGF

– 80

POSTERIOR

SOG

Sagittal - Cadaver +32(+32mm)

R

L

CeSIN

+ 80

R

SLF

MFG(1)

FOF

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoS

PoG

L

SPL(1) SPL(2)

MFG(2)

IPS IFS(1) Pu AG OR(1)

MFG(3) Cl

SOG

SFS(2)

LVi

ANTERIOR

ILF CNt

MOG

0

LObG IOG Amg TS MCA PSF LS

SSL

Ey PQL HF STG

– 80

Hi

ISL

Cg

LGF

PHG

MOTG

N8

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail EmC: Extreme capsule Ey: Eyeball FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus

ICA: Internal carotid artery IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IJV: Internal jugular vein ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

ICA

N7

SPtS

0

MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve OR: Optic radiation PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure

216

IJV

VeA

SigS – 50

Pu: Putamen SigS: Sigmoid sinus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus VeA: Vertebral artery

GL

PF

POSTERIOR

OR(2)

EmC

Sagittal - MRI +32(+35mm)

L

R

L

MFG

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

R

SPL(1)

SPL(2)

+ 80

TTG

SPL(3) INlg(1)

LOG CeSIN

INlg(2)

SOG

INsg(1)

MOG

IOG

0

INsg(2) SPtS TS CeSIN

PF PSF PQL

MCA SSL

LS HF

STG

PHG + 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule AR: Auditory radiation BvL: Biventral lobule CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula ColS: Collateral sulcus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus

LS: Lateral sulcus MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus

ColS

MOTG 0

PSF: Posterior superior fissure SSL: Superior semilunar lobule SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

217

AR

BvL – 50

AQL

GL

LGF

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

OR

Sagittal - Cadaver +30(+30mm)

R

L

+ 80

MFG(3)

R

MFG(2)

MFG(1)

SCV

PrS

PrG

CeS PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

L

SPL(2)

IPS

SFS LVtr MFG(4) AG

ANTERIOR

0

IN

CalA

EC

DG MOG

EmC

ColS ObG PSF AC TS MCA SSL LS PF ON ISL STG AQL Cl – 80

Amg

MTG

Hia

Cg

Hi

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure AG: Angular gyrus Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CalA: Calcar avis CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum ColS: Collateral sulcus DG: Dentate gyrus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule GL: Gracile lobule

Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICA: Internal carotid artery IJV: Internal jugular vein IN: Insula IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LS: Lateral sulcus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus

ICA

SPtS 0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus ObG: Orbital gyrus ON: Optic nerve PF: Primary fissure PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFS: Superior frontal sulcus

218

IJV

VeA

SigS – 50

SigS: Sigmoid sinus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus VeA: Vertebral artery

MOTG

GL

POSTERIOR

Hif

Pu

Sagittal - MRI +30(+33mm)

L

R

INlg(2)

L

INlg(1)

PrS

TTG

CeS

PoG PoS

SPL(1)

SPL(2)

R

CNt

+ 80

SPL(3)

MeFG

OR INsg(1) SOG CirS MOG

IOG Pu

0

SPtS EC TS PSF

Cl

SSL HF

MCA

ISL LS

PQL

LGF Hi

ColS

PHG

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CeS: Central sulcus CirS: Circular sulcus of insula Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus EC: External capsule GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus INlg: Insula, long gyrus

INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure LS: Lateral sulcus MCA: Middle cerebral artery MeFG: Medial frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

ILF 0

PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

219

MOTG

BvL

AQL – 50

GL

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

INsg(2)

Sagittal - Cadaver +30(+30mm)

R

L

R

AC

+ 30

OR

Pu

INlg

L

AR

CNt

EC LVtr CP ChF Cl(1)

Hif ILF CirS 0

DG Cl(2) LOTG ObG MOTG MCA PQL Amg

PF PSF

Hia

SSL STG AQL LVi

LGF SPtS

Hi

GL – 50

MTG

PHG + 30

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule AR: Auditory radiation AuT: Auditory tube ChF: Choroid fissure CirS: Circular sulcus of insula Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CP: Choroid plexus DG: Dentate gyrus EC: External capsule

AuT

ColS

ICA

IJV

N8

0

EmC: Extreme capsule GL: Gracile lobule Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICA: Internal carotid artery IJV: Internal jugular vein ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus INlg: Insula, long gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOTG: Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone

MCA: Middle cerebral artery MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve ObG: Orbital gyrus OR: Optic radiation PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus

220

N7 – 30

SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

EmC

Sagittal - MRI +30(+33mm)

L

R

L

INsg

IN l g

CeSIN

TTG

R

AR

+ 28

CirS

CNt

Pu

INsg DG 0

Hi Cl(1) ColS EmC

EC

ILF

MCA AQL Cl(2)

PQL

Amg STG ISL LVi

GL ColS

PHG

+ 30

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule AR: Auditory radiation CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula CirS: Circular sulcus of insula Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus DG: Dentate gyrus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule GL: Gracile lobule Hi: Hippocampus

MOTG 0

– 40

ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule Pu: Putamen STG: Superior temporal gyrus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

221

– 52

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

OR

Sagittal - Cadaver +28(+28mm)

R

L

AR

+ 80

R

MFG(2)

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

L

CNt

RetN

SPL(2)

Pu

ANTERIOR

AC

SOG

EC

CalA

Cl

MOG

CirS DG

MFG(3) 0

IOG

EmC

PHG

ObG

PSF MCA SSL LS HF ON ColS Amg LGF GL

TP

– 80

Hi

Cg

SPtS

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule AR: Auditory radiation BvL: Biventral lobule CalA: Calcar avis CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum CirS: Circular sulcus of insula Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus DG: Dentate gyrus

EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus ICA: Internal carotid artery IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LS: Lateral sulcus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus

ICA(1)

ICA(2) 0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus ObG: Orbital gyrus ON: Optic nerve OR: Optic radiation PbF: Prebiventral fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen RetN: Reticular nucleus

222

MOTG

SigS

BvL – 50

SigS: Sigmoid sinus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TP: Temporal pole

PbF

AQL

POSTERIOR

LVtr

OR

Sagittal - MRI +28(+31mm)

L

R

L

Pu

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS SPL(1) SPL(2)

R

AR CNt

+ 80

SPL(3) EC

SPL(4)

MFG

SOG

LVtr

CirS

Cl

MOG 0

IOG OR(2)

EmC

TS

PSF MCA ISL

LS

PF

Hi

PHG

MOTG

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule AR: Auditory radiation BvL: Biventral lobule CeS: Central sulcus CirS: Circular sulcus of insula Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus DG: Dentate gyrus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule GL: Gracile lobule Hi: Hippocampus

IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure LS: Lateral sulcus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus

ColS 0

PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule TS: Transverse sinus

223

DG

BvL

AQL

PbF – 50

GL

LGF

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

OR(1)

Sagittal - Cadaver +26(+26mm)

R

L

MFG(2)

+ 80

DG

R

AR

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

SCV

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL

L

LVtr

ICsl

SPL Pu CNt MFG(3) SOG GPe Hif OR MOG

EmC Cl

IOG

0

EC ObG

PSF

AC

TS

LS PQL ON

SSL

Amg ISL

STG LGF Hi – 80

PHG

ColS

MOTG

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule AR: Auditory radiation CeS: Central sulcus Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus DG: Dentate gyrus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment Hi: Hippocampus

Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICsl: Internal capsule, sublenticular IJV: Internal jugular vein IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure LS: Lateral sulcus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N11: Accessory nerve

N7

N8

IPtS 0

N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve ObG: Orbital gyrus ON: Optic nerve OR: Optic radiation PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure

224

N11

IJV

SigS AQL – 50

Pu: Putamen SCV: Superior cerebral vein SigS: Sigmoid sinus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus

PF

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

MFG(4)

Sagittal - MRI +26(+29mm)

L

R

MFG(2)

L

AR

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

R

CP

SPL(2)

+ 80

OR POS Pu

GPe

LVtr

SOG

CirS

Hif MOG 0

EC IOG Cl

TS PSF SSL

MCA

HF LS ISL LVi LGF

Hia

DG

PHG

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule AR: Auditory radiation BvL: Biventral lobule CeS: Central sulcus CirS: Circular sulcus of insula Cl: Claustrum ColS: Collateral sulcus CP: Choroid plexus DG: Dentate gyrus EC: External capsule GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment HF: Horizontal fissure

Hia: Hippocampus, alveus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

MOTG

ColS 0

OR: Optic radiation PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule

225

BvL

PbF

AQL – 50

SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus

GL SPtS

PF

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

INsg

Sagittal - Cadaver +24(+24mm)

R

L

ICp

+ 80

R

CNt

SFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

L

SPL(1)

LVtr

Pv SPL(2) SFG(2)

Hif

Pu GPe

SOG CalS

GPi LGN ANTERIOR

MOG EC 0

OR

EmC ColS ObG

LG TS

AC

SSL

Amg

HF

LS

PQL

ON

AQL

Hi GL Cl PbF

– 80

PHG

MOTG N7

N8

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus DG: Dentate gyrus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fl: Flocculus

GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICA: Internal carotid artery ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus LG: Lingual gyrus LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone

IPtS

ICA

N12 N10 N9

0

MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve N9: Glossopharyngeal nerve N10: Vagus nerve N11: Accessory nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve ObG: Orbital gyrus ON: Optic nerve OR: Optic radiation PbF: Prebiventral fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus

226

N11

SigS – 50

PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus

Fl

BvLl

POSTERIOR

DG

Sagittal - MRI +24(+27mm)

L

R

L

MFG

CP

PrS

CeS PoG

PrG

PoS

SPL(1)

LVtr

R

SPL(2)

+ 80

LG Hia

CalS GPe OR

SOG Pu MOG

ANTERIOR

IOG 0

CirS

PF TS

Cl AQL EmC

SSL HF

GPi ISL

MCA LGF

LS

Amg

Hi

OR

+ 50

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus CirS: Circular sulcus of insula Cl: Claustrum CLw: Central lobule, wing CP: Choroid plexus DG: Dentate gyrus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule GL: Gracile lobule

GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LS: Lateral sulcus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

DG

PHG 0

MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PaCG: Paracingulate gyrus PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SOG: Superior occipital gyrus

227

CLw

BvL

PbF – 50

SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus

SPtS

GL – 80

POSTERIOR

MOTG

EC

Sagittal - Cadaver +22(+22mm)

R

+ 80

L

R

CR M FG (1)

PrS

PrG (2)

SC V

PrG (1) CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

L

SPL(2)

Pv

LVtr ICp

GPe SOG Hif

GPi

Pu

CalS

MFG(2)

ANTERIOR

IOG

LGN 0

LG

AC ObG

TS PSF

OT

PQL

Amg

HF ON ISL

LS

LGF Hi

GL

PbF

ColS - 80

PHG

CLw

N7

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CR: Corona radiata DG: Dentate gyrus Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment

GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria IbF: Intrabiventral fissure ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus

N8

IPtS

N12

0

LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MFG: Middle frontal gyrus N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve N9: Glossopharyngeal nerve N11: Accessory nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve ObG: Orbital gyrus ON: Optic nerve OT: Optic tract PbF: Prebiventral fissure PcF: Preculminate fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus

228

N9

N11

Fl

BvLm IbF - 50

PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule TS: Transverse sinus

PcF

POSTERIOR

DG GPll

Sagittal - MRI −22(−25mm)

L

R

L

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG PoS SPL(1)

SPL(2)

R

SPL(3)

POS

+ 80

LVtr

MFG(2)

SOG

CNt

CalS Pv MOG LG

GPe

IOG

0

TS GPi

PSF SSL

Hif HF

ISL

MCA

PF Amg

Hi

DG

PHG

+ 50 Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus CLw: Central lobule, wing CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail DG: Dentate gyrus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus

Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoN: Preoccipital notch

PoN

CLw 0

PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus

229

AQL

BvLl

PbF - 50

GL

LGF

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

Pu

Sagittal - Cadaver +20(+20mm)

R

L

R

ICa

+ 80

CNb

SFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

L

LVi ICp

SPL(2) GPe

GPll

POS Pv

Pu MOG(1) CNh

0

Cg

GPi AC

PF

LGN

PQL

ObG

SSL

MCA

ISL AQL

ON

GL Amg MOTG Hi - 80

PHG

SPtS

ICA

+ 50 AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum CLw: Central lobule, wing CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head ColS: Collateral sulcus Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule

GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MOG: Middle occipital gyrus

ColS

N7 0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N7: Facial nerve ObG: Orbital gyrus ON: Optic nerve PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus

230

IPtS

CLw

Fl

BvLm PcF - 50

Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule

BvLl

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

MOG(2) SFG(2)

Sagittal - MRI +20(+23mm)

L

R

LVtr

L

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

SPL(2)

R

SPL(3)

Cu

MFG(2)

+ 80

POS

Hif

SOG

ICp CalS

Pu

LG

ANTERIOR

PF 0

GPml IOG TS

GPe

PSF GPll

PQL HF

GPi

ISL

LGF MCA

Amg

Hi

Pv

DG

+ 50 Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus CLw: Central lobule, wing CNh: Caudate nucleus, head Cu: Cuneus DG: Dentate gyrus Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment

GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

PHG

CLw

Fl

BvL

- 50

0

MOG: Middle occipital gyrus PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus

231

PbF

SPL: Superior parietal lobule TS: Transverse sinus

GL

AQL

- 80

POSTERIOR

MOG

CNh

Sagittal - Cadaver +20(+20mm)

R

L

GPm l

+ 30

R

ICp

GPi

ICp

CN b

L

LVt r

LP CP

CCs

GPll

Hif CNh Pv

LGN 0

Cg

GPe

LG AC ColS OT

PF AQL

MCA PQL PcF

ON

MOG LS CLw Amg MCP

N8 Hi BvLl - 50

Ent

PHG

SPtS

ICA

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium Cg: Cingulum CLw: Central lobule, wing CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head ColS: Collateral sulcus CP: Choroid plexus Ent: Entorhinal cortex

N7

IPtS

N12

N10

N11 - 30

0

Fl: Flocculus GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICA: Internal carotid artery ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus LG: Lingual gyrus LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus

LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOG: Middle occipital gyrus N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve N10: Vagus nerve N11: Accessory nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve ON: Optic nerve OT: Optic tract

232

Fl

PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus

BvLm

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

Pu

Sagittal - MRI +20(+23mm)

L

R

L

GPl l

ICp

CN b

R

ILF

LVt r

+ 28

Pv

CNh

Cu Pu

LGen

GPe

0

LG DG

GPi

PoN OR

AQL PF

LGN

PQL

MCA

Amg MCP LS

PbF Hi

Ent + 30

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head Cu: Cuneus DG: Dentate gyrus Ent: Entorhinal cortex Fl: Flocculus GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina

PHG

PPC

- 52

BvL - 40

0

Hi: Hippocampus ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus LG: Lingual gyrus LGen: Line of Gennari LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle OR: Optic radiation PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure

Fl

PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoN: Preoccipital notch PPC: Prepontine cistern PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus

233

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CalS

Sagittal - Cadaver +19(+19mm)

R

L

LVt r

+ 80

R

MFG

PrS

SCV

CeS

Pr G

PoG

PoS

SPL

L

SPL

POS

Hif SPL CNb

ICa

CalS

ICp

SOG MOG

ANTERIOR

Pu

LG

SFG IOG

0

GPe

PF

GPi

PQL

AC

TS

ObG OT

SSL HF

MCA ISL ON Amg LGF PHG GL - 80

MOTG

ICA

CLw

+ 50 AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus CLw: Central lobule, wing CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment

GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment HF: Horizontal fissure Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria IbF: Intrabiventral fissure ICA: Internal carotid artery ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery

IPtS

Fl

0

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus ObG: Orbital gyrus ON: Optic nerve OT: Optic tract PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule

234

AQL

BvLm

IbF - 50

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen SCV: Superior cerebral vein SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus

BvLl

PbF

POSTERIOR

CNh

Sagittal - MRI +19(+21mm)

L

R

LVtr

L

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS SPL(1)

SPL(2)

R

SPL(3)

POS

+ 80

SOG

MFG(2)

Hif

Cu CalS

GPe LG

ANTERIOR

PF

Pu

IOG

0

TS

ICp

PSF GPi

HF ISL

Pv PQL

MCA

LGF

Amg

Hi

DG

+ 50 Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus CLw: Central lobule, wing CNh: Caudate nucleus, head Cu: Cuneus DG: Dentate gyrus Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment

HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus N5: Trigeminal nerve

N5

PHG

CLw

Fl

BvL

- 50

0

PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus

235

PbF

SPL: Superior parietal lobule TS: Transverse sinus

GL

AQL

- 80

POSTERIOR

MOG

CNh

Sagittal - Cadaver +18(+18mm)

R

L

LP

+ 80

R

Pv

SFG(1)

SCV

PrG CeS PoG

PrS

PoS

SPL

L

LVb POS

CNb SPL ICp

GPll Cu

Cg

GPe

SOG GPi LG SFG(2) Pu 0

PcF PF

AC OT

PQL

ObG

PSF

Amg Hi

AQL

ON

ISL

N3

CLw LGF

N6 OptN

PbF

PHG BvL - 80

SptS

ColS

N5

N7

+ 50 AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum CLw: Central lobule, wing CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment

GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus IbF: Intrabiventral fissure ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body N3: Oculomotor nerve N5: Trigeminal nerve

N8

IPtS

N9

0

N6: Abducens nerve N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve N9: Glossopharyngeal nerve N10: Vagus nerve N11: Accessory nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve ObG: Orbital gyrus ON: Optic nerve OptN: Ophthalmic nerve OT: Optic tract PbF: Prebiventral fissure PcF: Preculminate fissure

236

N12

N10

N11

BvLm

IbF

- 50 PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CNh

Sagittal - MRI +18(+19mm)

L

R

LVb

L

SFG

PrS

PrG

PrG

CeS

PoG MS

Pc

Pc

Fxcr

R

Pc

CCs

+ 80

LP SOG SFG Cu CNb

PHG CalS

Pv LG

ANTERIOR

MOG

CNh

PF IOG

GPll

0

PQL

Pu

TS PSF GPe HF SSL

GPml

ISL GPi LGF

MCA

ICp

VP

Amg

BV

+ 50 Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus DN: Dentate nucleus Fxcr: Fornix, crus

GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina HF: Horizontal fissure ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LP: Lateral posterior nucleus

Msi

N5 0

LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus Msi: Marginal sinus N5: Trigeminal nerve PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule

237

MCP

BvL

PbF - 50

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

DN

GL

AQL

- 80

POSTERIOR

ColS

ICa

Sagittal - Cadaver +16(+16mm)

R

+ 80

L

R

Pv

SFG

PrS

PrG CeS PoG

PoS

SPL

L

LVtr

CNb

SPL

ICp

POS

CalS

LVa

MOG

GPll

LG

0

IOG Pu PF TS

AC ObG

SSL

OT HF ON ISL Amg GL N3

- 80

Hi OptN

PHG

SPtS

N5

+ 50 AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus CLw: Central lobule, wing CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head Cu: Cuneus Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina

HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOG: Middle occipital gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve N5: Trigeminal nerve

CLw

IPtS 0

ObG: Orbital gyrus ON: Optic nerve OptN: Ophthalmic nerve OT: Optic tract PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen

238

MCP

PcF

Fl

SF - 50

Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SF: Secondary fissure SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus

BvL

AQL

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

Cu CNh

Sagittal - MRI +16(+17mm)

L

R

L

LVb

SFG

PrS

PrG CeS

PrG

PoG Fxcr MS

CCs

Pc

R

Pc DG

SFG

LP

POS

CNb

GPll

CalS

ICa

MOG PHG

CNh

LG 0

GPe

IOG

GPml

TS

Pu

PSF

AC

SSL PQL

ISL GPi LGF MCA

VP

Amg

Msi

+ 50 AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CLw: Central lobule, wing CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head Cu: Cuneus DG: Dentate gyrus Fl: Flocculus

Fxcr: Fornix, crus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body

BV

MCP 0

MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOG: Middle occipital gyrus Msi: Marginal sinus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure

239

Fl

CLw

BvL - 50

Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

PbF

GL

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

Cu SOG

Sagittal - Cadaver +16(+16mm)

R

L

R

CNb

+ 30

SZ

CCb

LP

LVtr

ICp

L

Pv

CCs

GPml Fxb GPe

VP

ANTERIOR

0

CNh

LG

GPi

Cg MGN

Pu

CrC MOTG

AC

PF

MObG

IcF OT PHG AQL

Amg

CLw ON MCP N3 N8

LVi

Fl Hi

BvL IbF

N4

BvLm

OptN - 50

SPtS

ICA

N5

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium Cg: Cingulum CLw: Central lobule, wing CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri Fl: Flocculus

N7

IPtS

N9

N12

N10

LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N5: Trigeminal nerve N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve N9: Glossopharyngeal nerve N10: Vagus nerve

240

To

- 30

0

Fxb: Fornix, body GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus IbF: Intrabiventral fissure ICA: Internal carotid artery IcF: Intraculminate fissure ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus LG: Lingual gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn

N11

N11: Accessory nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve ON: Optic nerve OptN: Ophthalmic nerve OT: Optic tract PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SF: Secondary fissure SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SZ: Stratum zonale To: Tonsil

VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

POSTERIOR

ICp

LVa

Sagittal - MRI +16(+17mm)

L

R

L

CNb

LP

R

LVt r

Fxcr

+ 28

CCs ICg Cu VP

GPll

Pv CalS LG

ICa

0

PHG Pu BV GPe

AQL CLw PF

GPml

PQL

GPi DN MCA

MCP

ICg Fl

PHG + 30 AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CLw: Central lobule, wing CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head Cu: Cuneus DN: Dentate nucleus Fl: Flocculus Fxcr: Fornix, crus GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment

- 40

0

GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb LG: Lingual gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus

BvL - 52

PPC

PPC: Prepontine cistern PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

241

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CNh

Sagittal - Cadaver +14(+14mm)

R

L

VP

+ 80

R

TSV

SFG

CS

PrG

PrS

CeS PoG

LVb

CM

L

Pc Fxcr

CNb

CCs

ICp Pv MGN GPe LG CalS

CNh

MOTG LVa

ANTERIOR

0

MOG

SFG

PcF

GPi

IOG PQL

AC

AQL

Pu SSL ObG

HF

OT

ISL PSF DN

ON

LGF GL

Amg

PbF

N3 - 80

Hi

CrC

CavS

N6

PHG

+ 50 AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CavS: Cavernous sinus CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum CLw: Central lobule, wing CM: Centromedian nucleus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head

CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DN: Dentate nucleus Fxcr: Fornix, crus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus

N4

IPtS

MCP

0

ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve N9: Glossopharyngeal nerve

242

N10

N9

N11

To

CLw

BvL

- 50 N10: Vagus nerve N11: Accessory nerve ObG: Orbital gyrus ON: Optic nerve OT: Optic tract PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fi ssure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule To: Tonsil TSV: Thalamostriate vein VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

POSTERIOR

PF GPml

Sagittal - MRI +14(+15mm)

L

R

LVb

L

SFG

CS

PrS

PrG CeS

PrG

CCb

MS

Pv

CM

R

CCs Pc

+ 80

LP POS CNb PHG

SFG

SOG VL Cu VP CalS MOG LG GPe ColS 0 CNh

IOG

Pu

PF TS PSF

ICg SSL HF

AC

ISL GPi PQL

MCA

Amg

PCA

Msi

+ 50 AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CM: Centromedian nucleus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head ColS: Collateral sulcus CP: Choroid plexu

CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus DN: Dentate nucleus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment HF: Horizontal fissure ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICg: Internal capsule, genu IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure

SCbllA

BV 0

LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus Msi: Marginal sinus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus

243

MCP

CP

BvL

PbF - 50

PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

DN

GL

LGF– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

ICa

Sagittal - Cadaver +12(+12mm)

R

L

CG

+ 80

R

SZ

LP

MFG

CM

Pv

CeS

PHG

SPS

Pc

L

Pc

POS CNb

CS Cu VL

IcF

ICa LG MFG LVa Cul 0

CNh Dc AC

PSF

NA

Cula Fol

OT SG Amg

Fol Tu PPF

ON

Py

N3 - 80

CavS

CrC

MGN

PN

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus CavS: Cavernous sinus CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CL: Central lobule CM: Centromedian nucleus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen

Cula: Culmen, anterior Dc: Declive Fol: Folium ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IcF: Intraculminate fissure ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle IPF: Interpeduncular fossa IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus LG: Lingual gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

IPtS

CL 0

N3: Oculomotor nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens ON: Optic nerve OT: Optic tract Pc: Precuneus PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PPF: Prepyramidal fissure PrG: Precentral gyrus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Py: Pyramis

244

MCP

ICP

To

PcF - 50

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPS: Subparietal sulcus SZ: Stratum zonale To: Tonsil Tu: Tuber VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

Py

IPF

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

SOG

Sagittal - MRI +12(+13mm)

L

R

CS

L

SFG

LVb

PrS

PrG

PrG CeS PoG

MS

Pc(1)

R

Pc(2)

PHG

+ 80

CCb POS

CG SFG Cu LP CalS CNb

LG MOG

PF CNh IOG 0 GPe

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

VL

PSF TS

AC

PQL SSL HF

NA

ISL

GPi

LGF

GL STN

SN

PCA

CrC

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus DN: Dentate nucleus

Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment HF: Horizontal fissure IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus

Pv

BV 0

NA: Nucleus accumbens PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus

245

Fl

DN

BvL – 50

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STN: Subthalamic nucleus To: Tonsil TS: Transverse sinus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

PbF

To

– 80

Sagittal - Cadaver +12(+12mm)

R

L

R

VL

+ 30

TSV

LVb

CCb

SZ

LPN

VP

L

SPS

ICg

CCs

Pv Hif

ICa

CM Cu

GPe

Hi LG

ANTERIOR

AC

STN

CCg 0

ML GPi

PHG MGN

CCr

MOTG PF

NA

Cul

LF

IcF

SG

PcF CL

OT

N4 ON DN MCA

MCP

Amg PN N3 ICP Hi To – 50

CrC

ICA

N6

SN

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CL: Central lobule CM: Centromedian nucleus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen

N4

TPF

N12

N9

0

DN: Dentate nucleus GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery IcF: Intraculminate fissure ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle LF: Lenticular fasciculus LG: Lingual gyrus LPN: Lateral preoptic nucleus

LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus ML: Medial lemniscus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve N9: Glossopharyngeal nerve N10: Vagus nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens

246

N10

BvLm

+ 30

ON: Optic nerve OT: Optic tract PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SG: Straight gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SPS: Subparietal sulcus STN: Subthalamic nucleus SZ: Stratum zonale

To: Tonsil TPF: Transverse pontine fibers TSV: Thalamostriate vein VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

POSTERIOR

POS

CNh

Sagittal - MRI +12(+13mm)

L

R

VL

L

VPL

TSV

CCb

LVb

R

CG LP

+ 28

Fxcr

ICg CCs

Pv

CM 0

GPe STN

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CNh

BV

AC

Cul PF Dc SN GPi QC CrC

MCP V4

BP

OT

PCA + 30

AC: Anterior commissure BP: Basis pontis BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CG: Cingulate gyrus CM: Centromedian nucleus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive Fxcr: Fornix, crus

PPC 0

GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment ICg: Internal capsule, genu LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle OT: Optic tract PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PPC: Prepontine cistern Pv: Pulvinar nucleus QC: Quadrigeminal cistern SN: Substantia nigra

BvL – 40

STN: Subthalamic nucleus TSV: Thalamostriate vein V4: Fourth ventricle VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VPL: Ventral posterior lateral nucleus

247

– 52

Sagittal - Cadaver +10(+10mm)

R

+ 80

L

SFG

R

LVb

DM

LP

PaL

CeS

PaL

MS

L

Pc Fxcr

VL SppS MGN

CS

POS ICg Cu LG

CG

Cula

LVa VP

IcF

0

GPi

IOG Culp

STN

PF PSF

OT

HF Fol

SG

CL

ON

Tu DN

Amg

LGF Py(1)

SN Py(2) – 80

N3

Hi

CrC

N6

+ 50

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CL: Central lobule CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cula: Culmen, anterior Culp: Culmen, posterior DN: Dentate nucleus Fol: Folium Fxcr: Fornix, crus

GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus IcF: Intraculminate fissure ICg: Internal capsule, genu IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus

IPtS

PN

N4

0

MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve N11: Accessory nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve ON: Optic nerve OT: Optic tract PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure PN: Pontine nucleus

248

N12

SCP N11

BvLm – 50

POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SppS: Sphenoparietal sinus STN: Subthalamic nucleus To: Tonsil Tu: Tuber VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

To

MCP

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

MOG

Sagittal - MRI +10(+11mm)

L

R

SFG(2)

L

LV b

Pv

SFG(1)

PrS

PrG CeS

PrG

MS

SPL

CCs

R

SPL

GCV

+ 80

POS

DM

CalS CS LG SFG(3)

SOG PF

LP PSF

Dc CNh IOG CM

0

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

VL

TS

GPe

PSF

ICg HF AC Fol GPi Tu NA

Cul

STN

LGF Py SN

PCA

CrC

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CL: Central lobule CM: Centromedian nucleus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus Cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive DM: Dorsomedial nucleus

Fol: Folium GCV: Great cerebral vein GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment HF: Horizontal fissure ICg: Internal capsule, genu IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MS: Marginal sulcus NA: Nucleus accumbens

SCbllA

PN

VeA

CL

BvL

0

PbF: Prebiventral fissure PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PN: Pontine nucleus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Py: Pyramis SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

249

– 50

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPL: Superior parietal lobule STN: Subthalamic nucleus TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber V4: Fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

PbF

V4

– 80

Sagittal - Cadaver +8(+8mm)

R

L

CMA

+ 80

R

AN

SZ

Scc

DM

Fxcr PaL MGN CeS

PaL

Pc

L

SPS

Pc LVb POS MOG

SFG

CalS Cg

PcF

0

PF LG

CNh SRG

Dc NA TS IRG

Fol(1)

OT

Fol(2) LGF Tu

ON PPF

DN N3

– 80

CrC

IPtS

PN

+ 50

AN: Anterior nucleus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum CL: Central lobule CM: Centromedian nucleus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri Dc: Declive DM: Dorsomedial nucleus DN: Dentate nucleus Fol: Folium

Fxcr: Fornix, crus ION: Inferior olivary nucleus IPF: Interpeduncular fossa IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens ON: Optic nerve

SCP

RF

ION

0

OT: Optic tract PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PN: Pontine nucleus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PPF: Prepyramidal fissure RF: Reticular formation Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SF: Secondary fissure SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

250

CL

To

SF – 50

SPS: Subparietal sulcus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SZ: Stratum zonale To: Tonsil TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber

IPF

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CM

Sagittal - MRI +8(+9mm)

L

R

CG

L

CS

DM

PaL

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

MS

SPS

R

Pc(1)

+ 80

Pc(2) SFG

POS

CCb Cu LVb

CalS

AN

LG(1)

ANTERIOR

LG(2) CNh PF

CCg

Dc VA

TS

VL

Fol

0

POSTERIOR

Scc

HF CM Tu NA Py STN

PbF PCA

CrC

SN

SCbllA

+ 50

AN: Anterior nucleus BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CM: Centromedian nucleus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus Dc: Declive

DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fol: Folium HF: Horizontal fissure ION: Inferior olivary nucleus LG: Lingual gyrus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MS: Marginal sulcus NA: Nucleus accumbens PaL: Paracentral lobule PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure

PN

VeA

ION

PICA BvL

0

PICA: Posterior inferior cerebellar artery PN: Pontine nucleus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Py: Pyramis SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SPS: Subparietal sulcus STN: Subthalamic nucleus

251

– 50

To: Tonsil TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber V4: Fourth ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VeA: Vertebral artery VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

V4

To

– 80

Sagittal - Cadaver +8(+8mm)

R

L

TSV

+ 30

R

CMA

ACG

CCb

AN

PCG

PcA

Scc

DM

L

Fxcr

CeS

CCs

LVb Pv VL

POS

BN

CalS CM LG SC PHG

ANTERIOR

ZI CNh AC 0

ICg MpT

CCr

Cul NA Hyp

PF MOG

STN

N4

POA

CL

VTA

DN

OT

SCP

ON

PN

MCA

V4

ICA EmN SNr

Uv Py

N3

To

Un – 50

CrC

SNc

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure ACG: Anterior cingulate gyrus AN: Anterior nucleus BN: Bed nucleus of stria terminalis BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CL: Central lobule CM: Centromedian nucleus CMA: Callosomarginal artery

CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri CST: Corticospinal tract Cul: Culmen DM: Dorsomedial nucleus DN: Dentate nucleus EmN: Emboliform nucleus Fxcr: Fornix, crus Hyp: Hypothalamus ICA: Internal carotid artery ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle ION: Inferior olivary nucleus LG: Lingual gyrus

N6

CST

0

LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCA: Middle cerebral artery MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MpT: Mesopontine tegmentum N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens ON: Optic nerve OT: Optic tract PcA: Pericallosal artery PCG: Posterior cingulate gyrus PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus

252

ION

BvLm

ICP

– 30

PN: Pontine nucleus POA: Preoptic area POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus Ptc: Pretectum Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Py: Pyramis SC: Superior colliculus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SNc: Substantia nigra, pars compacta SNr: Substantia nigra, pars reticularis STN: Subthalamic nucleus To: Tonsil TSV: Thalamostriate vein

Un: Uncus Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VTA: Ventral tegmental area ZI: Zona incerta

POSTERIOR

CG

Sagittal - MRI +8(+9mm)

L

R

L

LVb

AN

DM

CCb

CG

Scc

R

Fxcr

+ 28

CGrs

CG

CCs SV

Pv

CM CNh BV 0

VL

QC

AC

Cul

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

VA

PcF GP CL STN SCP

SN

V4

To CrC

BvL SCbllA BP + 30

AC: Anterior commissure AN: Anterior nucleus BP: Basis pontis BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CG: Cingulate gyrus CGrs: Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial CL: Central lobule CM: Centromedian nucleus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri

0

Cul: Culmen DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxcr: Fornix, crus GP: Globus pallidus ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle ION: Inferior olivary nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body PcF: Preculminate fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus QC: Quadrigeminal cistern SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle

VeA

ION

ICP – 40

SN: Substantia nigra STN: Subthalamic nucleus SV: Septal vein To: Tonsil V4: Fourth ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VeA: Vertebral artery VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

253

– 52

Sagittal - Cadaver +6(+6mm)

R

L

CS

+ 80

R

IML

CG

DM

PaL

Pv

CeS PaL

MS

Pc(1)

CCs

L

SPS

CCb

Pc(2)

SFG

PHG AN CalS

Cg LVb

IcF

Scc N4 LG

AC

PF

CNh 0

Dc

FF SRG

CL

STN RN IRG OC

HF Fol Fol LGF

CrC

Tu

N3

PPF Py(1)

Un ML – 80

IPF

ICol

PN

SCP

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure AN: Anterior nucleus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum CL: Central lobule CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus Dc: Declive

DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EmN: Emboliform nucleus FF: Fields of Forel Fol: Folium HF: Horizontal fissure IcF: Intraculminate fissure ICol: Inferior colliculus IML: Internal medullary lamina ION: Inferior olivary nucleus IPF: Interpeduncular fossa IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure

RF

ION

N12 SN5N N11 CMC

0

LVb: Lateral ventricle, body ML: Medial lemniscus MS: Marginal sulcus MTT: Mammillothalamic tract N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N11: Accessory nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve OC: Optic chiasm PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus

254

SF

To Py(2)

EmN

– 50

PN: Pontine nucleus PPF: Prepyramidal fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Py: Pyramis RF: Reticular formation RN: Red nucleus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SF: Secondary fissure SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SN5N: Spinal trigeminal nucleus SPS: Subparietal sulcus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus

STN: Subthalamic nucleus To: Tonsil Tu: Tuber Un: Uncus

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

MTT

Sagittal - MRI +8(+9mm)

L

R

L

LVb

AN

DM

CCb

CG

Scc

R

Fxcr

+ 28

CGrs

CG

CCs SV

Pv

CM CNh BV 0

VL

QC

AC

Cul

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

VA

PcF GP CL STN SCP

SN

V4

To CrC

BvL SCbllA BP + 30

AC: Anterior commissure AN: Anterior nucleus BP: Basis pontis BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CG: Cingulate gyrus CGrs: Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial CL: Central lobule CM: Centromedian nucleus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri

0

Cul: Culmen DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxcr: Fornix, crus GP: Globus pallidus ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle ION: Inferior olivary nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body PcF: Preculminate fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus QC: Quadrigeminal cistern SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle

VeA

ION

ICP – 40

SN: Substantia nigra STN: Subthalamic nucleus SV: Septal vein To: Tonsil V4: Fourth ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VeA: Vertebral artery VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

255

– 52

Sagittal - Cadaver +4(+4mm)

R

L

CS(2)

+ 80

R

AN

Fxb

DM

PaL

CS(1)

CeS PaL

MS

Pc

L

CG(1) SPS

SFG

Pc

ACG

POS

CS(3)

Cu

LVb

Cul CalS

CG(2) 0

LG

CCg AC

PSF

SRG CfS

NA

HF SCA IRG SG

PcF

PTG CL

PcF Uv OlB OC AdH – 80

N3

CrC + 50

AC: Anterior commissure ACG: Anterior cingulate gyrus AdH: Adenohypophysis AN: Anterior nucleus BA: Basilar artery CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CeS: Central sulcus CfS: Confluence of sinuses CG: Cingulate gyrus CL: Central lobule CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus

Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxb: Fornix, body HF: Horizontal fissure IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body ML: Medial lemniscus MS: Marginal sulcus N3: Oculomotor nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens No: Nodule

BA

SN

Pyd

ML

0

OC: Optic chiasm OlB: Olfactory bulb PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PcF: Preculminate fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure PTG: Paraterminal gyrus Pyd: Pyramid SC: Superior colliculus SCA: Subcallosal area SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

256

VeA

To

SCP – 50

SG: Straight gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SPS: Subparietal sulcus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula

No

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

SC

Sagittal - MRI +4(+5mm)

L

R

L

CG(1)

LVb

SMT

Fxb

PrS PaL

CeS

PoG

MS

R

Pc

SPS

+ 80

CCb

Pc CS(1) POS CG(2) Cu SFG GCV CS(2)

HN

DM

LG SC

CCg

PF

0

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CalS LVa

TS VA

Dc PSF

SG

Fol HF AC Tu Hyp PPF

RN PCA

SCbllA + 50

AC: Anterior commissure BA: Basilar artery CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus Dc: Declive DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fol: Folium

Fxb: Fornix, body GCV: Great cerebral vein HF: Horizontal fissure HN: Habenular nucleus Hyp: Hypothalamus LG: Lingual gyrus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery

CrC

BA

SCP

V4

0

PF: Primary fissure PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PPF: Prepyramidal fissure PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis RN: Red nucleus SC: Superior colliculus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SF: Secondary fissure SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

257

SF – 50

SG: Straight gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SPS: Subparietal sulcus To: Tonsil TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber V4: Fourth ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus

To

PbF

Py

– 80

Sagittal - Cadaver +4(+4mm)

R

L

R

TSV

+ 30

ACG

AN

CCb

PCG

Fxb

L

DM Pv

CS Scc

CG(1)

CCs CGrs

LVb VA

ANTERIOR

RN CNh 0

PF AC CG(2)

Cul

FF ICol LF

PcF

POA

CL RNc

VTA

Lg GN

ON SCP NC

OC

Uv N3 V4 MLF PCA To – 50

ICS

BA + 30

AC: Anterior commissure ACG: Anterior cingulate gyrus AN: Anterior nucleus BA: Basilar artery BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CG: Cingulate gyrus CGrs: Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial CL: Central lobule CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri

CS: Cingulate sulcus CST: Corticospinal tract Cul: Culmen DM: Dorsomedial nucleus FF: Fields of Forel Fxb: Fornix, body GN: Globose nucleus ICol: Inferior colliculus ICS: Intercavernous sinus LF: Lenticular fasciculus Lg: Lingula LVb: Lateral ventricle, body ML: Medial lemniscus

CrC

CST

Pyd

SN

ML

0

MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus N3: Oculomotor nerve NC: Nucleus ceruleus OC: Optic chiasm ON: Optic nerve PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PcF: Preculminate fissure PCG: Posterior cingulate gyrus PF: Primary fissure POA: Preoptic area Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Pyd: Pyramid RN: Red nucleus

258

SCP – 30

RNc: Red nucleus, capsule SC: Superior colliculus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SN: Substantia nigra To: Tonsil TSV: Thalamostriate vein Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VTA: Ventral tegmental area

BvLm

POSTERIOR

SC

CCg

Sagittal - MRI +4(+5mm)

L

R

CS

L

CG

CCb

SMT

Scc

Fxb

R

Pv

CCs

+ 28

GCV AN ICV LVi

CCg

QC

DM

SC 0

ICol

CCr

PF Hyp

Cul RN CL

AC SCP

OC

ML

V4 SN To

PCA BvL CrC

SCbllA + 30

AC: Anterior commissure AN: Anterior nucleus BA: Basilar artery BP: Basis pontis BvL: Biventral lobule CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CG: Cingulate gyrus CL: Central lobule CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus

BA

CST - 40

0

CST: Corticospinal tract Cul: Culmen DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxb: Fornix, body GCV: Great cerebral vein HN: Habenular nucleus Hyp: Hypothalamus ICol: Inferior colliculus ICV: Internal cerebral vein LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn ML: Medial lemniscus OC: Optic chiasm PCA: Posterior cerebral artery

BP

PF: Primary fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus QC: Quadrigeminal cistern RN: Red nucleus SC: Superior colliculus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra To: Tonsil V4: Fourth ventricle

259

- 52

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

HN

Sagittal - Cadaver +3(+3mm)

R

L

DM

+ 80

R

LVb

Fxb

Pv

CS

CCs

PaL

CeS

MS

SPL(1) Pc(1)

SPL(2)

L

Pc(2) SPS

CGrs

SFG

Pc(3) CG(1)

Pc(4)

MTT POS CNh

CGi

AC CG(2)

Cul CalS PF

ANTERIOR

CCg NA

IcF 0

FF SCG SRG RN IRG SG

LG Dc CfS PSF

OC OlB

Tu

SN Py(1)

FN IpyF Py(2)

AdH PCA - 80

CrC

BA

SCPd

Po

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure AdH: Adenohypophysis BA: Basilar artery CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CfS: Confluence of sinuses CG: Cingulate gyrus CGi: Cingulate gyrus, isthmus CGrs: Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial CL: Central lobule CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern

CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive DM: Dorsomedial nucleus FF: Fields of Forel FN: Fastigial nucleus Fol: Folium Fxb: Fornix, body IcF: Intraculminate fissure IpyF: Intrapyramidal fissure

CL

Lg

Pyd SCP 0

IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus Lg: Lingula LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MS: Marginal sulcus MTT: Mammillothalamic tract NA: Nucleus accumbens No: Nodule OC: Optic chiasm OlB: Olfactory bulb PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery

260

VeA

V4

No

To

CMC

Uv

- 50 PF: Primary fissure Po: Pons POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Py: Pyramis Pyd: Pyramid RN: Red nucleus SCG: Subcallosal gyrus SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus

SN: Substantia nigra SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPS: Subparietal sulcus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus To: Tonsil Tu: Tuber Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery

POSTERIOR

Cu

Sagittal - MRI +3(+3mm)

L

R

LVb

L

CG(1)

Fxb

PC

ICV

PrS

PrG PaL CeS PoG

Pc(1)

R

SPS

Pc(2)

+ 80

CCb CCs

CS(1) Pc(3) SFG

POS

CG(2) Cu GCV CS(2) CalS LG DM

ICol 0

Cul

CCg

TS PF

SG

PSF Fol

AC

HF Fxc

Tu

PPF MB Py

RN

PCA

SCbllA

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure BA: Basilar artery BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen

DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fol: Folium Fxb: Fornix, body Fxc: Fornix, column GCV: Great cerebral vein HF: Horizontal fissure ICol: Inferior colliculus ICV: Internal cerebral vein LG: Lingual gyrus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MB: Mammillary body PaL: Paracentral lobule

CrC

BA

SC 0

PbF: Prebiventral fissure PC: Posterior commissure Pc: Precuneus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PPF: Prepyramidal fissure PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis RN: Red nucleus

261

SMV V4

BvL

SF − 50

SC: Superior colliculus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SF: Secondary fissure SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SMV: Superior medullary velum SPS: Subparietal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle

Uv

PbF

− 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

LVa

Sagittal - Cadaver +2(+2mm)

R

L

SFG

+ 80

R

SMT

CG

Fxb

DM

CCb PaL(1)

PC

PaL(2) MS

L

SPS PG

AN

cGrs

CS POS

TSV Aq Scc Cu Fxc

CalS

AC CG 0

PF

MTT PTG

N3N

SRG Fol

IRG SG

PcF

OC

Tu

OlB

CL MB LGF AdH Py - 80

NH

RN

SCPd + 50

AC: Anterior commissure AdH: Adenohypophysis AN: Anterior nucleus Aq: Aqueduct CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CG: Cingulate gyrus cGrs: Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial CL: Central lobule CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fol: Folium

Fxb: Fornix, body Fxc: Fornix, column IcF: Intraculminate fissure IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure MB: Mammillary body MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MS: Marginal sulcus MTT: Mammillothalamic tract N3N: Oculomotor nerve nucleus NH: Neurohypophysis OC: Optic chiasm OlB: Olfactory bulb

PN

RF

Pyd

MLF

0

PaL: Paracentral lobule PC: Posterior commissure PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PG: Pineal gland PN: Pontine nucleus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PTG: Paraterminal gyrus Py: Pyramis Pyd: Pyramid RF: Reticular formation RN: Red nucleus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum

262

V4

To

Uv

- 50 SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SPS: Subparietal sulcus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus To: Tonsil TSV: Thalamostriate vein Tu: Tuber Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IcF

Sagittal - MRI +2(+1mm)

L

R

L

CS

CCb

ICV

SMT

DM

PaL

MS

ISS

CCs

R

SSS

GCV

+ 80

CG

POS SV SCbllV SFG Cu

CMA

CalS LVa

SS

ANTERIOR

Cul

CCr

PF 0

Dc CfS

Fxc

PSF

ACA

Fol

SG

HF CL Tu

AC MI

LGF

SMV V3 Py MB

PC

BA

Aq

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Aq: Aqueduct BA: Basilar artery BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CfS: Confluence of sinuses CG: Cingulate gyrus CL: Central lobule

CMA: Callosomarginal artery CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Cv: Clava Dc: Declive DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fol: Folium Fxc: Fornix, column GCV: Great cerebral vein HF: Horizontal fissure ICV: Internal cerebral vein ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus

QP

PN

Pyd

0

LG: Lingual gyrus Lg: Lingula LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MB: Mammillary body MI: Massa intermedia MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PC: Posterior commissure PF: Primary fissure PN: Pontine nucleus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PPF: Prepyramidal fissure

263

V4 Cv

Lg

BvL

SF

Uv PPF

- 50 PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis Pyd: Pyramid QP: Quadrigeminal plate SCbllV: Superior cerebellar vein SF: Secondary fissure SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SMV: Superior medullary velum SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus SV: Septal vein

Tu: Tuber Uv: Uvula V3: Third ventricle V4: Fourth ventricle

- 80

POSTERIOR

LG CCg

Sagittal - Cadaver ±0(±0mm)

R

L

CCb

+ 80

CF

R

SMT

Hb

PG

CCs

CeS

PaL

MS

Pc

L

CL

IcF

PF

CG SSS

ISS

POS

SZ Cu DM

SSS

MI

ANTERIOR

CfS

Fxc LG

0

PTG

PSF

SCG

Dc

IRG HF PC Tu

SG MB

OS

TuC PPF AdH Py NH Lg - 80

PCA

Aq

BA

SCPd

+ 50

AdH: Adenohypophysis Aq: Aqueduct BA: Basilar artery BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CfS: Confluence of sinuses CG: Cingulate gyrus CL: Central lobule CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern

Cu: Cuneus Dc: Declive DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxc: Fornix, column Hb: Habenula HF: Horizontal fissure IcF: Intraculminate fissure IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LG: Lingual gyrus Lg: Lingula MB: Mammillary body MI: Massa intermedia

PN

MLF

ML(1)

ML(2) VeA

0

ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MS: Marginal sulcus NH: Neurohypophysis No: Nodule OS: Occipital sinus PaL: Paracentral lobule PC: Posterior commissure Pc: Precuneus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PG: Pineal gland PN: Pontine nucleus

264

SCP

V4

No

CMC

BvLm

- 50 POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PPF: Prepyramidal fissure PSF: Posterior superior fissure PTG: Paraterminal gyrus Py: Pyramis SCA: Subcallosal area SCG: Subcallosal gyrus SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SG: Straight gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

SZ: Stratum zonale Tu: Tuber TuC: Tuber cinereum V4: Fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery

POSTERIOR

SS CCg

Sagittal - MRI ±0(−1mm)

L

R

CS

L

ISS

CCb

PcA

SMT

PTG

PC

PaL

ISS

CCs

SC

R

Pc

GCV POS

+ 80

SFG

Cu

CG

CalS

SSS

LG Fxb ICol ICV

Cul

CL 0

CCr

PF CfS

AC

PSF Fxc

OS HF

SG

Tu

PPF

ACA

Py LT V3

MI

MB + 50

AC: Anterior commissure ACA: Anterior cerebral artery BA: Basilar artery BP: Basis pontis BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CfS: Confluence of sinuses CG: Cingulate gyrus CL: Central lobule CS: Cingulate sulcus

Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxb: Fornix, body Fxc: Fornix, column GCV: Great cerebral vein HF: Horizontal fissure ICol: Inferior colliculus ICV: Internal cerebral vein ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LG: Lingual gyrus Lg: Lingula

BA

BP

VeA 0

LT: Lamina terminalis MA: Median aperture MB: Mammillary body MI: Massa intermedia OS: Occipital sinus PaL: Paracentral lobule PC: Posterior commissure Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PPF: Prepyramidal fissure PSF: Posterior superior fissure

265

Pyd

SMV MA

V4

BvL

Uv

Lg

- 50 PTG: Paraterminal gyrus Py: Pyramis Pyd: Pyramid SC: Superior colliculus SF: Secondary fissure SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SMV: Superior medullary velum SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus Tu: Tuber Uv: Uvula

V3: Third ventricle V4: Fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery

SF

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

SS DM

Sagittal - Cadaver ±0(±0mm)

R

L

R

CCb

+ 30

ICV

Scc

DM

RetN

SMT(1)

L

SMT(2)

CG

CF CCs AN

HC

Fxc

CGrs PG

AC

0

CCg

PCA

SCG

Cul SC

ACA IcF

SRG

ICol

Hyp IRG

PcF

ACA CL

SG

MpT

MTT

Lg FN

OC

SCP No V4

- 50

IR

Py

MB

Uv

PCA

BA

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AN: Anterior nucleus BA: Basilar artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CGrs: Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial CL: Central lobule Cul: Culmen DM: Dorsomedial nucleus

PN

SCPd 0

FN: Fastigial nucleus Fxc: Fornix, column HC: Habenular commissure Hyp: Hypothalamus IcF: Intraculminate fissure ICol: Inferior colliculus ICV: Internal cerebral vein IR: Infundibular recess IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus Lg: Lingula MB: Mammillary body MI: Massa intermedia MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus

MpT: Mesopontine tegmentum MTT: Mammillothalamic tract No: Nodule OC: Optic chiasm PC: Posterior commissure PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PcF: Preculminate fissure PG: Pineal gland PN: Pontine nucleus PTG: Paraterminal gyrus Py: Pyramis Pyd: Pyramid

266

Pyd

MLF - 30

RetN: Reticular nucleus SC: Superior colliculus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SCG: Subcallosal gyrus SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SG: Straight gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SRG: Superior rostral gyrus To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle

To

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

PC

Sagittal - MRI ±0(−1mm)

L

R

L

CG

CCb

ICV

DM

PcA

R

SMT

CG + 28

CMA CCs AN MI

GCV SS

CCg

PC 0

AC Cul V3 ICol CL Fxc

SMV ACA V4 LT Lg OC Uv

SoR

MB + 30

AC: Anterior commissure ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AN: Anterior nucleus BA: Basilar artery BP: Basis pontis BV: Basal vein CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CG: Cingulate gyrus CG: Cingulate gyrus CL: Central lobule

BA

BP

SCPd

To - 40

0

CMA: Callosomarginal artery Cul: Culmen DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxc: Fornix, column GCV: Great cerebral vein ICol: Inferior colliculus ICV: Internal cerebral vein Lg: Lingula LT: Lamina terminalis MB: Mammillary body MI: Massa intermedia OC: Optic chiasm PC: Posterior commissure

VeA

PcA: Pericallosal artery SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SMV: Superior medullary velum SoR: Supraoptic recess SS: Straight sinus To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula V3: Third ventricle V4: Fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery

267

- 52

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

BV CCr

Sagittal - Cadaver –2(–2mm)

R

R

L

Scc

+ 80

AN

CCb

DM

SMT

CeS

PaL

SPS

CF

L

SSS

CS SC SFG CG(1)

SS

CG(2)

CGrs

LVb PF(1)

IVF

Cula Dc

Fxc

PrF

AC 0

SRG

PF(2)

FR PTG IRG

CL

SG

OS

Fol(1)

MTT

Fol(2)

OlB Tu PrF

FN Py

OC

Uv

AdH – 80

NH

MB

CrC

RN

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure AdH: Adenohypophysis AN: Anterior nucleus BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CGrs: Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial CL: Central lobule CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus Cula: Culmen, anterior

Dc: Declive DM: Dorsomedial nucleus FN: Fastigial nucleus Fol: Folium FR: Fasciculus retroflexus Fxc: Fornix, column IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus IVF: Interventricular foramen LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MB: Mammillary body ML: Medial lemniscus MTT: Mammillothalamic tract NH: Neurohypophysis

SN

PN

SCPd 0

OC: Optic chiasm OlB: Olfactory bulb OS: Occipital sinus PaL: Paracentral lobule PF: Primary fissure PN: Pontine nucleus PrF: Precentral fissure PTG: Paraterminal gyrus Py: Pyramis RF: Reticular formation RN: Red nucleus SC: Superior colliculus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum

268

ML

RF

SCP

BvLm

– 50

SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SF: Secondary fissure SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra SPS: Subparietal sulcus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus Tu: Tuber Uv: Uvula

SF

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CG(3)

Sagittal - MRI −2(−3mm)

L

R

CS

L

PcG

CP

CCb

PaL

SMT

MS

SPS

Pc

R

CCs

+ 80

GCV

SFG POS Cu

AN

CalS LG

DM

SSS Cul CL CCr PF SRG

0

SS

AC

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CCg

CfS

IRG

Dc OS SG

HF Tu

Fxc PPF MTT Py

To OC MB

PCA

SCbllA

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure AN: Anterior nucleus BP: Basis pontis BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CfS: Confluence of sinuses CL: Central lobule CP: Choroid plexus

CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxc: Fornix, column GCV: Great cerebral vein HF: Horizontal fissure ICol: Inferior colliculus ICV: Internal cerebral vein LG: Lingual gyrus MB: Mammillary body MS: Marginal sulcus

RN

BP

SC 0

MTT: Mammillothalamic tract OC: Optic chiasm OS: Occipital sinus PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PcG: Paracingulate gyrus PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PPF: Prepyramidal fissure Py: Pyramis RN: Red nucleus SC: Superior colliculus

269

ICV

ICol

BV

V4 – 50

SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SPS: Subparietal sulcus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus To: Tonsil Tu: Tuber V4: Fourth ventricle

BvL

SCP

– 80

Sagittal - Cadaver −4(−4mm)

R

L

R

CS

+ 80

AN

SMT

PaL CeS SSS

Pv

MS

Pc(1) SPL(1)

SPS

L

SPL(2)

CG Pc(2) Cg POS LVb PCA DM Scc

SS

LVa

Cul ICol

BN 0

SRG

PF

SCA Dc PTG

Fol(1)

IRG SG

HF

OlB

Fol(2) OS

STN

Tu

PPF

Uv

NH AdH – 80

N3

SN

RN

BA(1)

+ 50

AdH: Adenohypophysis AN: Anterior nucleus BA: Basilar artery BN: Bed nucleus of stria terminalis CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern CP4: Choroid plexus in the fourth ventricle CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive

DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fol: Folium HF: Horizontal fissure ICol: Inferior colliculus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MS: Marginal sulcus N3: Oculomotor nerve NH: Neurohypophysis OlB: Olfactory bulb OS: Occipital sinus PaL: Paracentral lobule

PN

BA(2) 0

Pc: Precuneus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PN: Pontine nucleus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PPF: Prepyramidal fissure PTG: Paraterminal gyrus Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Py: Pyramis RN: Red nucleus SCA: Subcallosal area Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle

270

SCP

VN

CP4

CMC – 50

SG: Straight gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPS: Subparietal sulcus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STN: Subthalamic nucleus Tu: Tuber Uv: Uvula VN: Vestibular nucleus

Py

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

Cu

Sagittal - MRI –4(–5mm)

L

R

CS

CG

L

DM

CCb

SMT

PrS

PrG CeS

PaL Pv

MS

CCs

SC

R

Pc

SPS

+ 80

POS LVb BV SFG CalS

AN

Cu VA LG ICV

ANTERIOR

Cul 0

CCg

TS

NA

POSTERIOR

ICol CNh

PF AC

Fol Dc

IRG SG

HF

MCA

Tu Hyp PPF To

OC

Py SN PCA

RN + 50

AC: Anterior commissure AN: Anterior nucleus BP: Basis pontis BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CL: Central lobule CNh: Caudate nucleus, head

CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fol: Folium HF: Horizontal fissure Hyp: Hypothalamus ICol: Inferior colliculus ICV: Internal cerebral vein IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body

SCbllA

BP

VeA 0

MCA: Middle cerebral artery MS: Marginal sulcus NA: Nucleus accumbens OC: Optic chiasm PaL: Paracentral lobule PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PPF: Prepyramidal fissure PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus

271

Pyd

SCP CL

BvL

PbF

V4

– 50

Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Py: Pyramis Pyd: Pyramid RN: Red nucleus SC: Superior colliculus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra SPS: Subparietal sulcus To: Tonsil

TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber V4: Fourth ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VeA: Vertebral artery

– 80

Sagittal - Cadaver −4(−4mm)

R

L

AN

+ 30

R

CG

DM

CCb

SMT

L

Fxb

CS CCs LVa

CGrs

AC

STN

SCG

SC

PCA

BN 0

ACA

RN

SRG

ICol

IRG

Cul

OC

CL

SG

SCPd EmN

ON

SCP

Uv

PCA

To N3 CP4 SN BvLm + 50

CrC

BA

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AN: Anterior nucleus BA: Basilar artery BN: Bed nucleus of stria terminalis BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CG: Cingulate gyrus CGrs: Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial CL: Central lobule CP4: Choroid plexus in the fourth ventricle

PN

Pyd

BA

0

CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus CST: Corticospinal tract Cul: Culmen DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EmN: Emboliform nucleus Fxb: Fornix, body ICol: Inferior colliculus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn N3: Oculomotor nerve OC: Optic chiasm ON: Optic nerve

PCA: Posterior cerebral artery To: Tonsil PN: Pontine nucleus Uv: Uvula Pyd: Pyramid VN: Vestibular nucleus RN: Red nucleus SC: Superior colliculus SCG: Subcallosal gyrus SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SG: Straight gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra SRG: Superior rostral gyrus STN: Subthalamic nucleus

272

CST

VN – 30

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CCg

Sagittal - MRI –4(–5mm)

L

R

L

SMT

CCb

DM

Pv

Fxb

R

FF

+ 28

CCs

AN

CGrs

LVb

ICV

BV

SV

0

CCg SC

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

SP

CNh Cul ICV AC CL

ICol

Fxc

SCP

VA

OC

V4 To

Hyp PCA

SCbllA

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure AN: Anterior nucleus BP: Basis pontis BV: Basal vein CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CGrs: Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial CL: Central lobule CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri Cul: Culmen DM: Dorsomedial nucleus

CrC 0

FF: Fields of Forel Fxb: Fornix, body Fxc: Fornix, column Hyp: Hypothalamus ICol: Inferior colliculus ICV: Internal cerebral vein ICV: Internal cerebral vein LVb: Lateral ventricle, body OC: Optic chiasm PCA: Posterior cerebral artery Pv: Pulvinar nucleus RN: Red nucleus SC: Superior colliculus

BP

SN

RN – 40

SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra SP: Septum pellucidum SV: Septal vein To: Tonsil V4: Fourth ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus

273

– 52

Sagittal - Cadaver –6(–6mm)

R

L

CS

+ 80

R

CCb

SFG

IML

DM

CeS

PaL

MS

SSS

Pc(1)

L

Fxcr

SPS

PcG

Pc(2) CG Cg

CCs

LVb

Pv Cu

VA CGi CCg AC

CalS

0

LG

NA SRG

PF

STN

PSF

IRG OIS

TS Fol

SG

Tu ON LGF

PcF

OIS

Py

AdH – 80

N3

CrC + 50

AC: Anterior commissure AdH: Adenohypophysis BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CGi: Cingulate gyrus, isthmus CL: Central lobule

CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus CST: Corticospinal tract Cu: Cuneus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus DN: Dentate nucleus Fol: Folium Fxcr: Fornix, crus IML: Internal medullary lamina IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVb: Lateral ventricle, body

SN

MpT

CST

RF

0

MpT: Mesopontine tegmentum MS: Marginal sulcus N3: Oculomotor nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens OIS: Olfactory sulcus ON: Optic nerve PcG: Paracingulate gyrus PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus

274

SCP

CL

To

BvLm

DN

– 50

Py: Pyramis RF: Reticular formation SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SPS: Subparietal sulcus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STN: Subthalamic nucleus To: Tonsil TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber

VA: Ventral anterior nucleus

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CbllT

Sagittal - MRI −6(−7mm)

L

R

L

CS

CCb

AN

PrS

Pv

DM

PaL

Fxcr

MS

CCs

R

SPS

Pc(1)

SFG

+ 80

SCbllV

LVb

Pc(2)

POS CG Cu CGi IML

SMT

LG

VA

Cul PF

0

TS

CNh

Dc HF

CCr

Fol SG DN NI

NA

PPF MCA Py OC STN

SN

PCA

SCbllA

+ 50

AN: Anterior nucleus BP: Basis pontis BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CG: Cingulate gyrus CGi: Cingulate gyrus, isthmus CL: Central lobule CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri

CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive DM: Dorsomedial nucleus DN: Dentate nucleus Fol: Folium Fxcr: Fornix, crus HF: Horizontal fi ssure IML: Internal medullary lamina LG: Lingual gyrus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCA: Middle cerebral artery

CrC RN

BP 0

MS: Marginal sulcus NA: Nucleus accumbens NI: Nucleus interpositus OC: Optic chiasm PaL: Paracentral lobule PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PPF: Prepyramidal fi ssure PrS: Precentral sulcus Pv: Pulvinar nucleus

275

BV

VeA

CL

BvL

V4

To

PbF

– 50

Py: Pyramis RN: Red nucleus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SCbllV: Superior cerebellar vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra SPS: Subparietal sulcus STN: Subthalamic nucleus To: Tonsil TS: Transverse sinus V4: Fourth ventricle

VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VeA: Vertebral artery

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CalS

Sagittal - Cadaver −8(−8mm)

R

L

CCb

+ 80

R

SMT

DM

Pv

PaL(2)

CeS PaL(1)

MS

Pc

L

Cg(1)

SPS

POS LP

SFG LVb

Cu

Cg(2)

CbllT

CG

PF

VA

ANTERIOR

Cul Dc

VL 0

PcF AC

CL

SRG

TS PSF

NA IRG

HF SG OS STN PPF

Py OT CavS – 80

N3

Un

CrC

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure CalS: Calcarine sulcus CavS: Cavernous sinus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CL: Central lobule CM: Centromedian nucleus CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern CrC: Crus cerebri

Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive DM: Dorsomedial nucleus HF: Horizontal fissure ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MS: Marginal sulcus N3: Oculomotor nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens

SN

PN 0

OS: Occipital sinus OT: Optic tract PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PN: Pontine nucleus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PPF: Prepyramidal fissure PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Py: Pyramis SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

276

CCs

ICP

MCP

CMC – 50

SG: Straight gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra SPS: Subparietal sulcus SRG: Superior rostral gyrus STN: Subthalamic nucleus To: Tonsil TS: Transverse sinus Un: Uncus VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

To

POSTERIOR

CalS CM

Sagittal - MRI −8(−9mm)

L

R

CS

L

SFG(1)

CCb

DM

LVb

PaL CeS

Fxcr

MS

Pc

R

CCs

PcG

+ 80

POS

CG Cu SFG(2)

CalS

Pv

LG BV

Cul CNh

PF

0

LEFT

RIGHT

CCg

TS VA Dc PSF

NA

ISL VL DN GPi PPF MCA Py STN

SN

PCA

+ 50

BP: Basis pontis BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CL: Central lobule CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus

Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive DN: Dentate nucleus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxcr: Fornix, crus GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCA: Middle cerebral artery MS: Marginal sulcus NA: Nucleus accumbens

SCbllA

CrC

BP

VeA

CL

0

PcG: Paracingulate gyrus PaL: Paracentral lobule PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PPF: Prepyramidal fi ssure PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Py: Pyramis SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

277

BvL – 50

SN: Substantia nigra STN: Subthalamic nucleus To: Tonsil TS: Transverse sinus VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VeA: Vertebral artery VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

PbF

To

– 80

Sagittal - Cadaver −8(−8mm)

R

L

R

VA

+ 30

LP

SMT

CCb

DM

L

Fxb CG

LVb

VL

CCs

ICg CM CNh CGrs Pv FF AC 0

Cg

NA ICg Fxc

PF

IRG

Cul

STN PCA ACA

PcF

SG DN

ON

N4 CL ICA

SCP

OT

To + 50

N3

CrC

SN

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure ACA: Anterior cerebral artery BA: Basilar artery BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CGrs: Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial CL: Central lobule CM: Centromedian nucleus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head

CST

BA

SCPd

ION

0

CrC: Crus cerebri CST: Corticospinal tract Cul: Culmen DM: Dorsomedial nucleus DN: Dentate nucleus FF: Fields of Forel Fxb: Fornix, body Fxc: Fornix, column ICA: Internal carotid artery ICg: Internal capsule, genu ION: Inferior olivary nucleus IRG: Inferior rostral gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus

LVb: Lateral ventricle, body SG: Straight gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve SMT: Stria medullaris thalami N4: Trochlear nerve SN: Substantia nigra NA: Nucleus accumbens STN: Subthalamic nucleus ON: Optic nerve To: Tonsil OT: Optic tract VA: Ventral anterior nucleus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery VL: Ventral lateral nucleus PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Pyd: Pyramid SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation

278

Pyd – 30

BvLm

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CCg

Sagittal - MRI −8(−9mm)

L

R

IML

L

CS

CG

CCb

SMT

DM

R

Fxcr

Scc

CM

+ 28

LP Cg VA CCs VL

ANTERIOR

Pv CNh 0

CCg BV

POSTERIOR

CGi

NA PF CCr FF AC

CLw

GPi

DN STN

CL

SN

PCA

CrC

SCbllA

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure BP: Basis pontis BV: Basal vein BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CGi: Cingulate gyrus, isthmus CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing

BP 0

CM: Centromedian nucleus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus DN: Dentate nucleus FF: Fields of Forel Fxcr: Fornix, crus GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment IML: Internal medullary lamina LP: Lateral posterior nucleus MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle NA: Nucleus accumbens

MCP

To

BvLm – 40

PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SN: Substantia nigra STN: Subthalamic nucleus To: Tonsil VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

279

– 52

Sagittal - Cadaver −10(−10mm)

R

L

VL

+ 80

R

LP

CM

DM

Pv

PaL

CeS

Fxcr

MS

Pc(1)

SPS

L

Cg

SFG

Pc(2)

LVb

POS

CS

ICa

Cu

LVa IcF CNh ICp ANTERIOR

CalS

NA 0

LG GPi

Dc

STN

PSF

OT

PcF CLw(1)

SG

ISL ON

DN MCP

CavS GL – 80

N3

Un

CrC(1)

IPtS

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CalS: Calcarine sulcus CavS: Cavernous sinus CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum CLw: Central lobule, wing CM: Centromedian nucleus CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus

Dc: Declive DM: Dorsomedial nucleus DN: Dentate nucleus Fxcr: Fornix, crus GL: Gracile lobule GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IcF: Intraculminate fissure ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus

CrC(2)

PN

CLw(2)

0

LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MS: Marginal sulcus N3: Oculomotor nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens ON: Optic nerve OT: Optic tract PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure

280

N12

CMC

BvLm – 50

PN: Pontine nucleus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SPS: Subparietal sulcus STN: Subthalamic nucleus To: Tonsil Un: Uncus Uv: Uvula VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

To

Uv

POSTERIOR

PF

AC

Sagittal - MRI −10(−11mm)

L

R

L

CG

CS

SFG

LVb

PrS

PrG

CeS

PaL

MS

Fxcr

R

Pc

SCbllV

+ 80

CCb CCs DM POS LP Cu

CM

CalS LG

VL

CNh

PHG

GPe

PF

0

TS AC AQL PQL

ICp

SSL NA

HF

AL ISL MCA LGF

OC

DN STN

N3

PCA

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure AL: Ansa lenticularis AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CLw: Central lobule, wing CM: Centromedian nucleus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head

CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus DN: Dentate nucleus Fxcr: Fornix, crus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment HF: Horizontal fi ssure ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure

SN

CrC 0

LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCA: Middle cerebral artery MS: Marginal sulcus N3: Oculomotor nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens OC: Optic chiasm PaL: Paracentral lobule PbF: Prebiventral fi ssure Pc: Precuneus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fi ssure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus

281

BV

CLw

BvL - 50

POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SCbllV: Superior cerebellar vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STN: Subthalamic nucleus TS: Transverse sinus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

PbF

GL

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

Pv

Sagittal - Cadaver −12(−12mm)

R

L

VP

+ 80

R

LVb

SZ

Pv

LP

PaL(1)

CeS

PaL(2)

MS

L

Pc(1) SPS

VL

Pc(2) ICa POS LVa Fxcr CNh Cu

LG

GPe

IcF 0

GPi PcF STN

PSF HF

SG

SSL MCA CLw

OS CavS(1) DN

N3 - 80

PbF Un

CavS(2) + 50

BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral CavS: Cavernous sinus CeS: Central sulcus CLw: Central lobule, wing CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CP: Choroid plexus CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus DN: Dentate nucleus Fxcr: Fornix, crus GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment

HF: Horizontal fissure ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IcF: Intraculminate fissure IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus LG: Lingual gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MS: Marginal sulcus N3: Oculomotor nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve

IPtS

PcF

MCP 0

OS: Occipital sinus PaL: Paracentral lobule PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PcF: Preculminate fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PrF: Precentral fissure PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SG: Straight gyrus SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STN: Subthalamic nucleus

282

N12

CP

CMC - 50

SZ: Stratum zonale Un: Uncus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

BvLl

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CS

Sagittal - MRI −12(−13mm)

L

R

CC

L

CS

SFG(1) LVb

PrG CeS

SCV(2) PrS

PaL

MS

Pc

SCV(1)

R

Fxb CCs

SFG(2)

+ 80

POS

LP(1)

SFG(3)

Cu CalS

CNh LG LP(2)

CalS(2) PHG

AQL 0

CNh TS ICa

PF SSL

GPe

PQL HF

NA ISL GPml LGF

GPi

DN

VL

STN

VP + 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CC: Corpus callosum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus DN: Dentate nucleus Fxb: Fornix, body GL: Gracile lobule

PCA

SN

Pv 0

GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment NA: Nucleus accumbens GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment PaL: Paracentral lobule GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina PbF: Prebiventral fissure HF: Horizontal fissure Pc: Precuneus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb PCA: Posterior cerebral artery ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule PF: Primary fissure LG: Lingual gyrus PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus PoS: Postcentral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule LVb: Lateral ventricle, body PrG: Precentral gyrus MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle PrS: Precentral sulcus MS: Marginal sulcus Pv: Pulvinar nucleus

283

BV

MCP

BvL - 50

SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STN: Subthalamic nucleus TS: Transverse sinus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

PbF

GL

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

LVa

Sagittal - Cadaver −12(−12mm)

R

L

ICa

+ 30

R

VL

CCb

FF

SMT

LP

L

Fxcr

CNh CCs Hif LVa GPml Pv

ICa

ANTERIOR

0

MGN

CCg

PHG AC CrC CCr PF AQL

GPi

PCA

STN

CLw OT SCP ON DN

MCA N3

MCP

ICA(1)

PbF To

Hi - 50

ICA(2)

N6 + 30

AC: Anterior commissure AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BA: Basilar artery BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCr: Corpus callosum, rostrum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CLw: Central lobule, wing CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri DN: Dentate nucleus FF: Fields of Forel

PCA

PN

BA

N12

- 30

0

Fxcr: Fornix, crus GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus

N12: Hypoglossal nerve N3: Oculomotor nerve N6: Abducens nerve ON: Optic nerve OT: Optic tract PbF: Prebiventral fissure PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMT: Stria medullaris thalami

284

BvLm

STN: Subthalamic nucleus To: Tonsil VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

POSTERIOR

VA

GPe

Sagittal - MRI −12(−13mm)

L

R

L

VL

LP

VP

LVb

CCb

R

Fxb

+ 28

ICa CCs CNh

Pv PHG LG MGN 0 GPe

BV AC

SN NA

AQL

GPml

GPi

PcF

ICp STN

PCA + 30

AC: Anterior commissure AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BP: Basis pontis BV: Basal vein CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CLw: Central lobule, wing CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri Fxb: Fornix, body GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina

CrC

BP

CLw - 40

0

ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb LG: Lingual gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus NA: Nucleus accumbens PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PcF: Preculminate fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Pv: Pulvinar nucleus

MCP

SN: Substantia nigra STN: Subthalamic nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

285

- 52

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

LVa

Sagittal - Cadaver −14(−14mm)

R

L

VL

+ 80

LP(2)

R

LVb(2)

SFG VP

Pv

LP(1)

CeS CS(1)

PaL

LVb(1)

MS

Pc(1)

L

Hif

Cg Pc(2)

ICa POS GPe GPml IcF CS CalS CNh AQL

LVa 0

PF

AC

PcF CbllT

Pu

PQL NA PSF MObG

TS

OT

ISL

ON

CLw

Amg

LGF DN

N3 GL Un

- 80

Hi

CavS

N6

PHG

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CavS: Cavernous sinus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum CLw: Central lobule, wing CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CrC: Crus cerebri

CS: Cingulate sulcus DN: Dentate nucleus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IcF: Intraculminate fissure IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure LP: Lateral posterior nucleus

IPtS

CrC

N4 MGN

0

LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N6: Abducens nerve N7: Facial nerve N11: Accessory nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens

286

N7

N12

N11 CMC

BvL

MCP

- 50 ON: Optic nerve OT: Optic tract PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

SG: Straight gyrus TS: Transverse sinus Un: Uncus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CS(2)

Sagittal - MRI −14(−15mm)

L

R

L

LVb

CS

SFG(1)

SCV(2) PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

MS

Pv

Fxcr

R

Pc(1) SCV(1)

+ 80

Pc(2)

CCb

CCs LP

POS

CNb

SFG(2)

Cu CalS(1)

GPe

LG(1) CalS(2)

LVa

LG(2) PF

CNh

0

TS IC

SSL HF

GPll PQL ISL

GPml

LGF

GPi

AQL

MCA VL

VP + 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus DN: Dentate nucleus Fl: Flocculus

Fxcr: Fornix, crus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina HF: Horizontal fissure IC: Internal capsule ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn

BV

PCA

PHG

0

LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MS: Marginal sulcus Pc: Precuneus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus

287

MCP

Fl

BvL - 50

Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

DN

GL

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

Pu

Sagittal - Cadaver −16(−16mm)

R

L

SFG

+ 80

R

Pv

LP

LVb

PaL(2)

CeS

LVtr PaL(1)

MS

Pc(1)

L

Pc(2) POS

ICa

PcF

VP

Cu

GPe

CalS LVa LG

PF 0

Pu

PQL IcF

NA

PSF HF

MObG SSL ON ISL Amg LGF N3

- 80

GL

Hi OptN

PHG

Cg

MCP

+ 50

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum CLw: Central lobule, wing CNh: Caudate nucleus, head Cu: Cuneus Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb

IcF: Intraculminate fissure IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus N3: Oculomotor nerve

IPtS

N8

0

N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens ON: Optic nerve OptN: Ophthalmic nerve PaL: Paracentral lobule PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule

288

N12

Fl

CLw - 50

PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

PbF

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CNh

Sagittal - MRI −16(−17mm)

L

R

SFG(2)

L

Pv

LVb SFG(1)

SCV

CeS PoG

PrS PrG

MS

Fxcr

Pc(1) SCV

R

Pc(2)

POS

+ 80

CNb(1)

LP Cu CNb(2) SOG

VL ICp

CalS

LG

CNh

MOG 0

ICa IOG

GPe

TS

Pu

PQL NA HF GPi ISL

PF

GPml

LGF MCA OT

Amg

BV

VPL

+ 50

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BV: Basal vein BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head Cu: Cuneus DG: Dentate gyrus Fl: Flocculus Fxcr: Fornix, crus GL: Gracile lobule

GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina HF: Horizontal fissure ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body

SCbllA

PHG 0

MCA: Middle cerebral artery MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus NA: Nucleus accumbens OT: Optic tract Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus

289

Fl

BvLl

DG - 50

Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus TS: Transverse sinus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VPL: Ventral posterior lateral nucleus

AQL

GL

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

GPll

Sagittal - Cadaver −16(−16mm)

R

L

GPml

+ 30

R

CCb

CNb

VL

ICp

LVb

SZ

L

LP CPlv

ICa Fxcr

CC

GPe

Pv CNh

VP

Pu

DG 0

GPi

MGN

NA

BIC

AC

PF

MObG OT

AQL PcF

ON CLw CrC

- 50

DN

N3

N5

ICA

Fl

N4

N8

Hi

PbF OptN

PHG

ICA

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BIC: Brachium of inferior colliculus BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral CC: Corpus callosum CCb: Corpus callosum, body CLw: Central lobule, wing CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CPlv: Choroid plexus in the lateral ventricle CrC: Crus cerebri DG: Dentate gyrus DN: Dentate nucleus

IPtS

MCP

N7

N12

- 30

0

Fl: Flocculus FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus Fxcr: Fornix, crus GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus

LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve N5: Trigeminal nerve N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve N11: Accessory nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve NA: Nucleus accumbens ON: Optic nerve

290

BvLl

OptN: Ophthalmic nerve OT: Optic tract PbF: Prebiventral fissure PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SZ: Stratum zonale VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

N11

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

Hif

Sagittal - MRI −16(−17mm)

L

R

CNb

L

ICp

LP

CCb

R

LVb

CP

ICa

+ 28

Fxcr CCs

GPml Cu VP DG Pv CNh CalS 0 LG

GPe

VL

Pu

PHG

NA PQL

AC BV

GPi AQL

MCA

OT + 30

AC: Anterior commissure AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BV: Basal vein CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CP: Choroid plexus Cu: Cuneus DG: Dentate gyrus Fl: Flocculus Fxcr: Fornix, crus

N5

MCP - 40

0

GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb LG: Lingual gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle NA: Nucleus accumbens N5: Trigeminal nerve

Fl

OT: Optic tract PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

291

- 52

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

GPll

Sagittal - Cadaver −18(−18mm)

R

L

CNb

+ 80

R

SFG(1)

ICp

PrS

PrG

LVb

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

LVtr

L

Hif

Pv GPml

SPL(2) GPe POS SOG

GPi

CalS

CNh

MOG

LG AC 0

IOG SFG(2) CbllT Amg PSF MObG HF TS

ON

PF N3 AQL

N4

LGF N6 OS Hi - 80

DN OptN

PHG

Cg + 50

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head DN: Dentate nucleus Fl: Flocculus GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment

SPtS

N5

N7

N8 0

GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment MOG: Middle occipital gyrus GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina N3: Oculomotor nerve HF: Horizontal fissure N4: Trochlear nerve Hi: Hippocampus N5: Trigeminal nerve Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria N6: Abducens nerve ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb N7: Facial nerve IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve LG: Lingual gyrus N11: Accessory nerve LGF: Lunogracile fissure N12: Hypoglossal nerve LVb: Lateral ventricle, body ON: Optic nerve LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone OptN: Ophthalmic nerve MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle OS: Occipital sinus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus PbF: Prebiventral fissure

292

MCP

N12 N11

Fl

BvLl

PcF

PbF

- 50 PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus

SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus TS: Transverse sinus

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

Pu

Sagittal - MRI −18(−19mm)

L

R

SFG(2)

LP

L

SFG(1)

PrS SCV

PrG

CeS

PoG

MS

LVb

Pc(1)

R

Hi

SCV

+ 80

Pc(2) CNb

POS VL Cu SOG GPll CalS ICa MOG CNh IOG

0

GPe TS PSF

Pu

PQL SSL GPi HF

ISL

MCA

ICp

Amg

Hi

BV

+ 50

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BV: Basal vein BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head Cu: Cuneus Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment

GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MCA: Middle cerebral artery MOG: Middle occipital gyrus

VP

Pv 0

MS: Marginal sulcus Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SCV: Superior cerebral vein

293

PHG

Fl

BvL

AQL - 50

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

PF

GL

LGF

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

LG

Sagittal - Cadaver −20(−20mm)

R

L

CNb

+ 80

R

ICp

SFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

Pv

PoS

L

LVtr SPL(1)

GPll SPL(2)

GPe

Hif

GPml

Cu SOG

MOG

SFG(1) 0

PF Pu IOG AC PSF IFGob HF MCA AQL ON OS

Amg

GL

LGN - 80

Hi

PHG

ICA

SPtS

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CeS: Central sulcus CLw: Central lobule, wing CNb: Caudate nucleus, body Cu: Cuneus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina HF: Horizontal fissure

Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICA: Internal carotid artery ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOG: Middle occipital gyrus N7: Facial nerve

CLw

IPtS

N7

0

N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve ON: Optic nerve OS: Occipital sinus PbF: Prebiventral fissure PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure

294

N8

N12

PcF

MCP - 50

Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus

PbF

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

GPi

Sagittal - MRI −20(−21mm)

L

R

SFG(2)

L

LP

SFG(1)

PrS

PrG

PoG

CeS

LVtr

MS

Pc(1)

R

Pc(2)

POS

+ 80

Pv

VL

Hif

ICp SOG

SFG

Cu CalS MOG

LG

Pu

IOG

CNh

0

TS GPe PSF PQL GPml

SSL HF

GPi

ISL PF

MCA

Amg

VP

Hi

PHG

+ 50

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus CLw: Central lobule, wing CNh: Caudate nucleus, head ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment

GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery

ColS

CLw 0

MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen

295

Fl

BvL

AQL - 50

Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

PbF

GL

LGF

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

GPll

Sagittal - Cadaver −20(−20mm)

R

L

ICa

+ 30

R

SLF

GPml

CNb

ICp

LP

EML

LVtr

L

CP

GPll LPv

OR GPe Cu

GPi

DG

Pu

LG

0

AC

LGN

OT

LVi

Amg

PQL PF AQL

MCA

SPtS

ON

CLw

MCP Hi Fl GL PbF - 50

PHG

N5

ICA

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral CalS: Calcarine sulcus CLw: Central lobule, wing CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CP: Choroid plexus Cu: Cuneus DG: Dentate gyrus EML: External medullary lamina Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule

N7

IPtS

0

GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICA: Internal carotid artery ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus LG: Lingual gyrus LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LPv: Lateral pulvinar nucleus

LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle N5: Trigeminal nerve N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve N11: Accessory nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve ON: Optic nerve OR: Optic radiation OT: Optic tract PbF: Prebiventral fissure

296

N12

N11

N8 - 30

PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule Pu: Putamen SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus

BvLl

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CalS

Sagittal - MRI −20(−21mm)

L

R

L

ICa

CNb

CCF

ICp

LP

VL

LVtr

R

VP

CCs

+ 28

GPe CP

Cu

Pu

ANTERIOR

Hif 0

CNh

LG Pv

GPml DG

GPi PHG PQL MCA

AQL Amg

ColS

Hi + 30

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCF: Corpus callosum fiber CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head ColS: Collateral sulcus CP: Choroid plexus Cu: Cuneus DG: Dentate gyrus Fl: Flocculus GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment

SCbllV

MCP - 40

0

GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb LG: Lingual gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus

Fl

PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SCbllV: Superior cerebellar vein VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

297

- 52

POSTERIOR

CalS

GPll

Sagittal - Cadaver −21(−21mm)

R

+ 80

L

ICp

R

SFG(1)

CNb

PrS

PrG

CeS PoG(1)

PoG(2)

LVtr

PoS

L

SPL Hif

Pv

OR

Cu

GPe

CalS

GPi

SOG

LGN

ANTERIOR

SFG(2) 0

LG

AC

PF

UF OT

IOG CbllT

IFGob

TS MCA PSF ON

HF ISL

Amg

LGF

Hi

OS - 80

PHG

SPtS

ICA

CLw

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus CLw: Central lobule, wing CNb: Caudate nucleus, body Cu: Cuneus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment HF: Horizontal fissure

Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICA: Internal carotid artery ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery

N7

IPtS

N8 0

MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOG: Middle occipital gyrus N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve ON: Optic nerve OR: Optic radiation OS: Occipital sinus OT: Optic tract PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus

298

N12

MCP VeA BvL - 50 PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus TS: Transverse sinus UF: Uncinate fasciculus VeA: Vertebral artery

PbF

GL

POSTERIOR

MOG Pu

Sagittal - MRI −21(−23mm)

L

R

SFG(2)

L

LVtr

SFG(1)

PrS

PrG CeS

PoG

Hif

MS

R

Pc

POS

LP SOG Pv Cu ICa CalS SFG(3) MOG VL

IOG

Pu

0

DG CNh TS GPe

PSF PQL

GPi SSL HF

MCA

LGF

Amg ISL

VP

Hi

PHG

+ 50

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus CLw: Central lobule, wing CNh: Caudate nucleus, head ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus DG: Dentate gyrus Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment

GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MOG: Middle occipital gyrus

ColS

CLw 0

MS: Marginal sulcus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pc: Precuneus PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus

299

Fl

BvL

AQL - 50

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

PbF

PF

GL

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

LG

Sagittal - Cadaver –22(–22mm)

R

L

Pv

+ 80

R

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

CNt

PoS

LVtr

L

SPL(1) LVp

ICp

SPL(2)

GPe

IPS AG

GPi LVa Pu

AC CalS 0

MFG(2) LG

LGN

PQL

IFGob

CbllT Amg

TS

ON HF LS PSF STG

Hi – 80

ISL Cg

PHG

SPtS

ColS

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure AG: Angular gyrus Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment

HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IPS: Intraparietal sulcus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn

N7

IPtS

N8 N12

0

LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MFG: Middle frontal gyrus N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve ON: Optic nerve OS: Occipital sinus PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus

300

BvLl

AQL – 50

PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus

OS

LGF

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

SOG

Sagittal - MRI −22(−25mm)

L

R

ICp

L

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG CeS PoG

PoS SPL(1)

SPL(2)

R

LVtr

CNt

Pv

+ 80

POS

SOG MFG(2) Cu GPe CalS

ANTERIOR

LG

GPi

0

IOG

POSTERIOR

MOG

Pu

CirS TS PQL

MCA

SSL LS

PSF HF

DG ISL

Amg LGF Hi

PHG + 50

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus CirS: Circular sulcus of insula CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus Cu: Cuneus DG: Dentate gyrus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment:

HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LS: Lateral sulcus LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

ColS

MOTG 0

PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus

301

BvL

AQL

PbF – 50

SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus

PF

GL

– 80

Sagittal - Cadaver −24(−24mm)

R

L

Pv

R

ICp

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG(1)

PoG(2)

PoS

CNt

L

LVtr SPL

GPll IPS

GPe AG Pu SOG

AC

ANTERIOR

CalS MFG(2) 0

OR IFGob

LG DG

Amg

IOG MCA

TS

ON SSL HF STG PSF Cg ISL

- 80

PHG

ICA

SPtS

N8

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure AG: Angular gyrus Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral CalS: Calcarine sulcus CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail DG: Dentate gyrus GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina

HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICA: Internal carotid artery ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LG: Lingual gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone

IPtS

N12 0

MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve ON: Optic nerve OR: Optic radiation PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus

302

AQL BvLl

VeA PbF - 50

PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus VeA: Vertebral artery

PF

GL

LGF

POSTERIOR

Hif

Hi

Sagittal - MRI −24(−27mm)

L

R

L

ICp

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

SPL(2)

R

SPL(3)

GPe

SOG Pu LVp MFG(2) MOG LOG

CirS

PQL 0 EC TS PSF Cl SSL HF MCA

PF ISL

LVi LGF

Amg

Hia

Hi

+ 50

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CeS: Central sulcus CirS: Circular sulcus of insula Cl: Claustrum DG: Dentate gyrus EC: External capsule GL: Gracile lobule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus

ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IN: Insula IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus PbF: Prebiventral fissure

DG

PHG

MOTG 0

PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus

303

BvL

AQL - 50

PbF

GL

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IOG IN

Sagittal - Cadaver -26(-26mm)

R

L

MFG(1)

+ 80

R

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG(2)

PoG(1)

CNt

PoS

L

SPL(1)

LV SPL(2)

ICp

Hif GPe AG Pu CalS Cl SOG

CbllT

MFG(2) 0

MOG

EC AC

PSF

IFGob

PQL TS

Amg

HF

ON

ISL Hi LGF ITG PF

DG - 80

PHG

SPtS

N7

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure AG: Angular gyrus Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail DG: Dentate gyrus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule GL: Gracile lobule

GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LV: Lateral ventricle MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus

N8

IPtS N12 N10 0

N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve N10: Vagus nerve N11: Accessory nerve N12: Hypoglossal nerve ON: Optic nerve OS: Occipital sinus PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule

304

N11

AQL

PbF - 50

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus TS: Transverse sinus

OS

GL

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

EmC

Sagittal - MRI −26(−29mm)

L

R

L

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

SPL(2)

R

SPL(3)

CNt

MFG(2) SPL(4)

ICp LVp

EC SOG

IOG 0

TS

Pu

PQL PSF SSL Hia HF

LGF

Hi

PF

LVi

DG + 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BvL: Biventral lobule CeS: Central sulcus CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus DG: Dentate gyrus EC: External capsule GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus

LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus

PHG

ColS 0

PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fi ssure Pu: Putamen SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus

305

MOTG

BvL

PbF - 50

AQL

GL

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

MOG IN

Sagittal - Cadaver −28(−28mm)

R

+ 80

L

MFG(2)

R

AR

MFG(1)

PrS

CeS

PrG

PoG

PoS

Hia

SPL(1)

L

SPL(2) CNt

Pu IPS Cl AG MFG(3) LVi EmC SOG EC AC DG

IFGob 0

Cg

ObG Amg

CbllT MCA

TS

ON

PQL

Hi

HF

STG

SSL

PHG LGF ColS PF MOTG - 80

GL SPtS

ICA

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure AG: Angular gyrus Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule AR: Auditory radiation BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus

DG: Dentate gyrus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus ICA: Internal carotid artery IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IPS: Intraparietal sulcus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn

N8

ICA

IPtS

0

MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve ObG: Orbital gyrus ON: Optic nerve OS: Occipital sinus PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule

306

AQL BvLl

VeA

PbF - 50

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus VeA: Vertebral artery

OS

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CalS

Sagittal - MRI −28(−31mm)

L

R

MFG(2)

L

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

AR

R

SPL(2)

CNt

+ 80

Pu SPL(3)

EmC

SOG CirS LVi MOG OR

EmC

IOG

0

Cl PQL IFGob PSF SSL MCA HF

ISL

Amg

LGF

Hi

DG

PHG

+ 50

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AR: Auditory radiation BvL: Biventral lobule CeS: Central sulcus CirS: Circular sulcus of insula Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus DG: Dentate gyrus EmC: Extreme capsule GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus

IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fi ssure LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure

ColS 0

PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule

307

MOTG

BvL

PbF - 50

PF

GL

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

INsg

Sagittal - Cadaver −30(−30mm)

R

L

R

MFG(3)

+ 80

MFG(2)

MFG(1)

PrS

PoG

CeS

SCV

PoG

L

PoS SPL(1)

IFS SPL(2)

IPS Pu AG(1) EmC AG(2) Cl

IN 0

MOG

EmC

IOG CbllT

IFGob HF TS

ON

SSL HF MCA ISL LGF

STG

GL - 80

Amg MOTG

ICA

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus Cl: Claustrum EmC: Extreme capsule GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ICA: Internal carotid artery IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IJV: Internal jugular vein

IN: Insula IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve ON: Optic nerve OS: Occipital sinus PbF: Prebiventral fissure

SPtS

N8 0

PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SCV: Superior cerebral vein SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus VeA: Vertebral artery

308

VeA

IJV

BvLl

PbF - 50

OS

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

SOG

Sagittal - MRI −30(−33mm)

L

R

L

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

R

SPL(2)

SPL(3)

+ 80

CeSIN SOG

MCA(1) ColS

MOG

IOG

MFG(2)

0

INsg(2)

TS

PSF IFGob

SSL HF

ISL MCA(2) PQL

MCA(3)

INlg + 50

BvL: Biventral lobule CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula ColS: Collateral sulcus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure MCA: Middle cerebral artery

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

PHG

MOTG 0

SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus

309

PF

BvL

PbF - 50

GL

LGF

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

INsg(1)

Sagittal - Cadaver −30(−30mm)

R

L

R

Pu

+ 30

AR

L

CirS CNt

CirS

LVi Cl OR

ANTERIOR

CalS EC 0

Hia EmC Cg IFGob Hi

MGN

MCA

PQL PF

Amg

PSF

STG LGF

LVi

GL PbF

- 50

BvLl

ColS

AuT

MOTG

0

+ 30

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AR: Auditory radiation AuT: Auditory tube BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral CalA: Calcar avis CalS: Calcarine sulcus Cg: Cingulum CirS: Circular sulcus of insula Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule

ICA

GL: Gracile lobule Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus ICA: Internal carotid artery IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IJV: Internal jugular vein IN: Insula LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N7: Facial nerve

N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve OR: Optic radiation PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus

310

N7

N8 - 30

IJV

POSTERIOR

CalA

IN

Sagittal - MRI −30(−33mm)

L

R

L

R

INlg

CeSIN

+ 28

AR

CirS

INsg

DG 0

OR ColS

MOTG

MCA

PHG PF AQL LS PQL

MCP ISL

Amg

GL BvL + 30

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule AR: Auditory radiation BvL: Biventral lobule CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula CirS: Circular sulcus of insula ColS: Collateral sulcus DG: Dentate gyrus GL: Gracile lobule INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LS: Lateral sulcus

0

- 40

LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule

311

- 52

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

LVi

Sagittal - Cadaver −32(−32mm)

R

L

R

CNt(1)

+ 80

PrS

PoG

PrG

IN

CeS

PoG

L

TTG PoS SPL(1) SPL(2) IPS

MFG AG(1) SFS

LVi

EmC CalA CalS

Pu

AG(2)

CirS

ANTERIOR

SOG INsg IOG

0

MOG

IFGob

CbllT Hia TS LI PSF MCA

HF SSL

TP

LGF

CNt(2) - 80

Hi

MOTG

SPtS

ICA(2)

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CalA: Calcar avis CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum CirS: Circular sulcus of insula Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail EmC: Extreme capsule GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus

Hia: Hippocampus, alveus ICA: Internal carotid artery IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IJV: Internal jugular vein IN: Insula INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LI: Limen insulae LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

N8

ICA(1) 0

MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve PF: Primary fissure PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Pu: Putamen SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus

312

IJV

VeA

PF

SigS - 50

SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TP: Temporal pole TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus VeA: Vertebral artery

PQL

GL

POSTERIOR

Cg

Cl

Sagittal - MRI −32(−35mm)

L

R

INlg(1)

L

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

R

SPL(2)

TTG

+ 80

SPL(3) INlg(2)

MCA(1)

SOG

MOG

INsg(1)

IOG 0

TS INsg(2) PQL PSF IFGob SSL HF

ISL

MCA(2)

CeSIN + 50

CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula ColS: Collateral sulcus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule

PHG

ColS 0

TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

313

MOTG

PF - 50

GL

LGF

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

MFG(2)

Sagittal - Cadaver −34(−34mm)

R

L

R

L

+ 80

IFS

IPS

SMG MFG(2)

CNt

AG(1) LVi

IFGtr

ANTERIOR

SOG

INsg

Cg

0

IFGob

MOG IOG

IFO

TS

LS

PSF Cl HF MCA

SSL ISL

STG LGF

- 80

Hia

Hi

MOTG + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus Cg: Cingulum CirS: Circular sulcus of insula Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus ICA: Internal carotid artery IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part

IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFO: Inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IJV: Internal jugular vein INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery

ICA

SPtS

IJV CbllT

0

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus

314

VeA

SigS - 50

SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus VeA: Vertebral artery

GL

PQL

POSTERIOR

AG(2)

CirS

Sagittal - MRI −34(−37mm)

L

R

L

PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

R

SPL(2)

SPL(3)

+ 80

CirS AG

MFG (2) POS CeSIN SOG

INlg

INsg

IOG

0

TS MCA PSF IFGob PQL

SSL HF AR

CNt

LVi + 50

AG: Angular gyrus AR: Auditory radiation CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula CirS: Circular sulcus of insula CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus

ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus

Hi

MOTG 0

PSF: Posterior superior fissure SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

315

GL - 50

LGF

ISL

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

MOG

Sagittal - Cadaver −36(−36mm)

R

L

R

M FG(1)

+ 80

PrS

PrG(2)

L

Pr G(1)

IFS IPS

MFG(2)

SMG

CNt IFGop AG IFGtr SOG LVi 0

INsg

MOG

INlg

IOG CbllT

IFGob

TS LS HF MCA SSL

STG

ISL

LGF - 80

Hi

MOTG

N7

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure Hi: Hippocampus ICA: Internal carotid artery IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus

IJV: Internal jugular vein INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

N8

ICA

SPtS IJV 0

N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule

316

VeA

SigS - 50

STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus VeA: Vertebral artery

GL

PSF

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

CeSIN

Sagittal - MRI −36(−39mm)

L

R

L

MFG(1)

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

R

SPL(2)

+ 80

MFG(2) IPS

MFG(3) AG

INlg(3)

CeSIN

MOG

IFG(2)

0

IOG INsg TS

PSF

IFGob

PQL SSL

MCA HF

LS

INlg(2) + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure

LS: Lateral sulcus MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule

INlg(1)

TTG 0

TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

317

GL - 50

LGF

ISL

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

SOG

Sagittal - Cadaver –38(–38mm)

R

L

R

MFG(1)

+ 80

PrS

TTG

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

L

SPL(1)

IFGop SPL(2)

IPS

MFG(2)

SMG IFS

AG IFGtr SOG MOG 0

IFGob

IOG CbllT

LS TS PSF

Ey

PQL

LRM

HF ILF MCA

– 80

STG

CeSIN

INlg

IFO

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula Ey: Eyeball GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFO: Inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus

IJV: Internal jugular vein ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LRM: Lateral rectus muscle LS: Lateral sulcus MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

MOTG

IJV

0

PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus

318

SPtS

VeA

SigS – 50

TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus VeA: Vertebral artery

GL

LGF

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

INsg

Sagittal - MRI –38(–41mm)

L

R

MFG(1)

L

IFS

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

R

SPL(1)

+ 80

SPL(2)

TTG IPS

MFG(2) AG IFGop

POSTERIOR

MOG 0

IOG IFGob TS MCA PSF Ey

PQL

LS(1) SSL

LS(2)

STG

INlg

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus Ey: Eyeball HF: Horizontal fissure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus INlg: Insula, long gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LS: Lateral sulcus

MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule

MOTG 0

STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

319

ISL – 50

HF

– 80

ANTERIOR

SOG

IFGtr

Sagittal - Cadaver –40(–40mm)

R

L

+ 80

MFG

R

PrS

TTG(2)

PrG

TTG(1)

PoG

CeS

PoS

L

SPL

IPS IFS

SMG SFG

IFG

AG

IFGop

ANTERIOR

MOG

IFGtr 0

IOG INsg TS IFGob CbllT PSF

LS

PQL HF

MCA(1)

ISL

LGF

MCA(2) – 80

INlg

STG

MTG

LPM

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fi ssure IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus INlg: Insula, long gyrus

INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure LPM: Lateral pterygoid muslce LS: Lateral sulcus MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N7: Facial nerve

MOTG

N7

SPtS

0

OCS: Obliquus capitis superioris muscle PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus

320

ILF

OCS – 50

STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

SigS

GL

POSTERIOR

SOG CeSIN

Sagittal - MRI –40(–43mm)

L

R

L

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL

R

IPS

+ 80

MFG(1)

AG(1)

MFG(2) AG(2)

SOG

IFGtr

MOG

MFG

IOG

0

IFGob TS LS PSF

PQL

SSL

MCA STG

INlg

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus HF: Horizontal fi ssure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part INlg: Insula, long gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LS: Lateral sulcus MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

TTG 0

MOG: Middle occipital gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SOG: Superior occipital gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

321

ISL – 50

HF

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGop

Sagittal - Cadaver –42(–42mm)

R

+ 80

L

MFG

R

PrS

PrG(2)

PrG(1)

CeS

TTG(1)

PoG

PoS

L

SPL(1) SPL(2)

IPS IFS SMG

AG

IFGop

TTG(2)

MOG 0

IFGtr IOG IFGob PoN LS TS

MCA

CbllT

HF STG(1)

– 80

STS

STG(2)

MTG

MOTG LPM

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus HF: Horizontal fissure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus LPM: Lateral pterygoid muslce

LS: Lateral sulcus MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OCS: Obliquus capitis superioris muscle PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoN: Preoccipital notch PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus

ILF 0

SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

322

OCS

SigS – 50

SPtS

SSL

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

INsg

Sagittal - MRI –42(–45mm)

L

R

L

MFG(2)

MFG(1)

PrS

CeS

PrG

PoG

PoS

R

SPL

IPS

+ 80

AG(1)

MFG(3)

TTG

IFGop AG(2)

ANTERIOR

STS(1)0 IFGtr IOG

IFGob

TS

PSF LS PQL

STG

SSL STS(2)

MTG + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus HF: Horizontal fissure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus

ITG

ILF 0

STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

323

SPS

ISL – 50

HF

– 80

POSTERIOR

MOG

IFS

Sagittal - Cadaver –44(–44mm)

R

L

R

PrS

+ 80

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

L

SPL(2)

IFS IPS

TTG(1) MFG SMG

AG

IFGop

IFGtr MOG 0

IOG

LS

PoN IFGob TS

CbllT

STG

– 80

STS

MOTG + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus LPM: Lateral pterygoid muslce LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoN: Preoccipital notch PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

LPM

SPtS 0

TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

324

SigS – 50

SSL

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

TTG(2)

Sagittal - MRI –44(–47mm)

L

R

L

MFG

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

R

SPL

+ 80

SMG IFS

AG(1)

IFGop

AG(2)

TTG

MOG 0

IFGob IOG

LS TS

STG

SSL

STS

HF MTG

ITS

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus HF: Horizontal fissure IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

ITG

ISL 0

MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

325

– 50

– 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGtr

Sagittal - Cadaver –46(–46mm)

R

L

R

PrS

+ 80

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

L

SMG

SPL(2)

MFG

IFS

AG

TTG(1)

IFGop

0

IOG LS PoN IFGob TS

STS STG

CbllT STS ISL

– 80

ITS

ITG

LPM

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LPM: Lateral pterygoid muslce LS: Lateral sulcus

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N7: Facial nerve OCS: Obliquus capitis superioris muscle PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoN: Preoccipital notch PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus

MTG 0

STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

326

N7

OCS

SigS – 50

SPtS

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

TTG(2) IFGtr

Sagittal - MRI −46(−49mm)

L

R

L

PrS

MFG

PrG

PoG

CeS

PoS

SPL

R

IPS

+ 80

SMG

TTG

AG(1) IFGop(1)

AG(2)

MOG

IFGtr(1)

0

IFGob

IOG

IFGtr(2)

TS LS

STG

STS

MTG + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus

ITS

ITG 0

PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

327

SSL - 50

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGop(2)

Sagittal - Cadaver −47(−47mm)

R

L

R

Pr S

+ 80

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL(1)

L

SMG

SPL(2) MFG

AG

IFS

TTG(1) IFGop

TTG(3)

IFGtr 0

IOG LS PoN IFGob TS

STG CbllT

STS ISL - 80

MTG

ITS

ITG

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeS: Central sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LPM: Lateral pterygoid muslce LS: Lateral sulcus

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N7: Facial nerve PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoN: Preoccipital notch PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus

LPM

MTG 0

STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

328

N7

STS

SigS - 50

SPtS

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

TTG(2)

Sagittal - MRI −47(−51mm)

L

R

L

PrS

MFG

PrG

PoG

CeS

PoS

SPL

R

IPS

+ 80

SMG

TTG(1) AG(1) TTG(2) IFGop(1) AG(2)

MOG IFGtr(1) 0

IFGtr(2) IOG IFGob

TS

LS

STG

STS

MTG + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IOG: Inferior occipital gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus

ITS

SSL - 80

ITG 0

PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

329

- 50

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGop(2)

Sagittal - Cadaver −48(−48mm)

R

L

R

PrS

+ 80

PrG

PoG

CeS

PoS

SPL

L

IPS

SMG(1)

MFG SMG(2)

SMG(3)

IFS

AG

TTG 0

IFGtr MTG(1)

LS

PoN

ITS(1)

STG

TS

STS

SPtS - 80

MTG(2)

ITS(2)

MTG(3)

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery N7: Facial nerve

OCS: Obliquus capitis superioris muscle PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoN: Preoccipital notch PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus

MxA

ITG 0

TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

330

N7

OCS

SigS - 50

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGop

Sagittal - MRI −48(−53mm)

L

R

L

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

SPL

IPS

R

SMG

+ 80

PrS AG(1)

IFG

AG(2) IFGop

ANTERIOR

0

IFGob

ITS

LS ITG(1)

TS

STG

STS

MTG(2) + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

ITG(2) 0

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

331

TTG(2)

TTG(1) - 50

- 80

POSTERIOR

MTG(1)

IFGtr

Sagittal - Cadaver −50(−50mm)

R

L

R

PrS

+ 80

PrG

CeS

TTG

SPL

IPS

L

SMG(1)

IFGop SMG(2)

SMG(3)

PrS

AG

0

MTG

LS

STG TS

STS SPtS

- 80

MTG

ITS + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus DiMp: Digastric muscle, posterior belly IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery OA: Occipital artery PrG: Precentral gyrus

ITG

MxA 0

PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

332

DiMp

OA - 50

SigS

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGtr

Sagittal - MRI −50(−55mm)

L

R

L

PrS

PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

R

SPL

+ 80

IPS

IFG SMG

STS

MTG(1) 0

IFGtr

LS

ITG(1)

TS STG

STS

MTG(2) + 50

CeS: Central sulcus IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus

ITG(2)

ITS 0

SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

333

TTG - 50

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGop

Sagittal - Cadaver −52(−52mm)

R

L

R

CeS

PrG

+ 80

L

SMG(1)

PrS

SMG(2)

TTG

IFGop

IFGtr 0

AG(2)

LS TS

STG EV

SPtS STS

- 80

ITS + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus DiMp: Digastric muscle, posterior belly EV: Emissary vein IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery OA: Occipital artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus

MTG

MxA 0

PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPtS: Superior petrosal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

334

TB

DiMp

OA - 50

SigS

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

AG(1)

Sagittal - MRI −52(−57mm)

L

R

L

R

+ 80

PrS SMG(2)

SMG(3)

AG 0

IFGtr

LS MTG(1)

STG

STS

MTG(2) + 50

ITG 0

AG: Angular gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus CeS: Central sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus

335

TTG - 50

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGop

Sagittal - Cadaver −54(−54mm)

R

L

R

PrS

+ 80

PrG

CeS

PoG

PB

L

PoS SMG(1)

IFGop(1) TTG

SMG(2) IFGop(2)

AG

MTG(1) 0

IFGtr(2)

ITG LS TS

EV STG SigS

- 80

STS

MTG(2) + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus DiMp: Digastric muscle, posterior belly EV: Emissary vein IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery OA: Occipital artery PB: Parietal bone

ITS

MxA 0

PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone TS: Transverse sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

336

DiMp

OA - 50

TB

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGtr(1)

Sagittal - MRI −54(−59mm)

L

R

L

R

+ 80

LS(1)

IFGop(1) SMG(2)

RIGHT

AG 0

MCVs

LS(1) MTG(1)

STG

STS + 50

MTG(2)

ITS 0

STG: Superior temporal gyrus AG: Angular gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus CeS: Central sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus

337

ITG - 50

- 80

LEFT

IFGop(2)

Sagittal - Cadaver −56(−56mm)

R

L

R

PrS

+ 80

CeS

L

PoG

SMG(2) PrG

SMG(3)

TTG

IFGop

AG(1)

AG(2) 0

LS MTG

STG ITS(1)

STS SigS

- 80

MTG

ITS(2) + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus DiMp: Digastric muscle, posterior belly IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MxA: Maxillary artery PB: Parietal bone PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

ITG

MxA 0

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

338

DiMp

TB - 50

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

IFGtr

Sagittal - MRI −56(−61mm)

L

R

L

Pr S

PoG

CeS

R

PoS

+ 80

SMG(1)

IFGop

SMG(2)

ANTERIOR

MTG(1) 0

LS

MTG(2)

STG STS + 50

MTG(3)

ITS - 80

ITG 0

TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus CeS: Central sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrS: Precentral sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

339

- 50

POSTERIOR

TTG

IFGtr

Sagittal - Cadaver −58(−58mm)

R

L

R

PrG

+ 80

CeS

PoG

PoS

PB

SMG(1)

L

SMG(2)

PrS

SMG(3)

TTG

IFGop

LS 0

STS

STG

SigS

MTG TB

- 80

MM + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus DiMp: Digastric muscle, posterior belly IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MM: Masseter muscle MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PB: Parietal bone PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus

ITG

ITS 0

PrS: Precentral sulcus SigS: Sigmoid sinus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

340

DiMp - 50

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

AG

Sagittal - MRI −58(−63mm)

L

R

CeS

PoS

Po G

L

R

SMG(1)

+ 80

PrG

SMG(2)

IFGop(1)

SMG(3)

ANTERIOR

TTG MCVs 0

MTG(1) LS

STG ITS

STS

MTG(2) + 50

- 80

ITG 0

TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus CeS: Central sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

341

- 50

POSTERIOR

IFGop(2)

Sagittal - Cadaver −60(−60mm)

R

L

R

L

+ 80

SMG(2)

TTG

IFGop

SMG(3)

AG

LS(2) 0

MTG(1)

STG

ITS

MTG(2)

TB

- 80

MM

ITG + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MM: Masseter muscle MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PaGl: Parotid gland PB: Parietal bone PoG: Postcentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus

RMV 0

RMV: Retromandibular vein SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

342

PaGl

STS

SCM - 50

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

LS(1)

Sagittal - MRI −60(−65mm)

L

R

L

CeS

R

Po G

+ 80

SMG(2)

TTG PrG

MTG(1) 0

LS

ITS

MCVs

MTG(2) + 50

0

CeS: Central sulcus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MCVs: Superficial middle cerebral vein MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

343

ITS

STS - 50

- 80

POSTERIOR

ANTERIOR

STG

Chapter III Axial Images of Cadaver and Human Brain of 7.0 T MRI In Vivo

Axial Slices of the Cadaver

No.+62(+62mm) No.+60(+60mm) No.+58(+58mm) No.+56(+56mm) No.+54(+54mm) No.+52(+52mm) No.+50(+50mm) No.+48(+48mm) No.+46(+46mm) No.+44(+44mm) No.+42(+42mm) No.+40(+40mm) No.+38(+38mm) No.+36(+36mm) No.+34(+34mm) No.+32(+32mm) No.+30(+30mm) No.+28(+28mm) No.+26(+26mm) No.+24(+24mm) No.+22(+22mm) No.+20(+20mm) No.+18(+18mm) No.+16(+16mm) No.+14(+14mm) No.+12(+12mm) No.+10(+10mm) No. +8( +8mm) No. +6( +6mm) No. +4( +4mm) No. +2( +2mm) No. +0( +0mm) No. -2( -2mm) No. -4( -4mm) No. -6( -6mm) No. -8( -8mm) No. -10(-10mm) No. -12(-12mm) No. -14(-14mm) No. -16(-16mm) No. -18(-18mm) No. -20(-20mm) No. -22(-22mm) No. -24(-24mm) No. -26(-26mm) No. -28(-28mm) No. -30(-30mm) No. -32(-32mm) No. -34(-34mm) No. -36(-36mm) No. -38(-38mm) No. -40(-40mm) No. -42(-42mm) No. -44(-44mm) No. -46(-46mm) No. -48(-48mm) No. -50(-50mm) No. -52(-52mm) No. -54(-54mm) No. -56(-56mm) No. -58(-58mm)

Expanded view

Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view

Expanded view

Expanded view

Expanded view

346

Axial Slices of the 7.0 T MRI

No.+62(+66mm) No.+60(+64mm) No.+58(+62mm) No.+56(+60mm) No.+54(+58mm) No.+52(+56mm) No.+50(+54mm) No.+48(+52mm) No.+46(+50mm) No.+44(+48mm) No.+42(+46mm) No.+40(+44mm) No.+38(+42mm) No.+37(+40mm) No.+36(+38mm) No.+34(+36mm) No.+32(+34mm) No.+30(+32mm) No.+28(+30mm) No.+26(+28mm) No.+24(+26mm) No.+22(+24mm) No.+20(+22mm) No.+18(+20mm) No.+16(+18mm) No.+14(+16mm) No.+12(+14mm) No.+10(+12mm) No. +8(+10mm) No. +7( +8mm) No. +6( +6mm) No. +4( +4mm) No. +2( +2mm) No. +0( +0mm) No. -2( -2mm) No. -4( -4mm) No. -6( -6mm) No. -8( -8mm) No. -10(-10mm) No. -12(-12mm) No. -14(-14mm) No. -15(-16mm) No. -16(-18mm) No. -18(-20mm) No. -20(-22mm) No. -22(-24mm) No. -24(-26mm) No. -26(-28mm) No. -28(-30mm) No. -30(-32mm) No. -32(-34mm) No. -33(-36mm) No. -34(-38mm) No. -36(-40mm) No. -38(-42mm) No. -40(-44mm) No. -42(-46mm) No. -44(-48mm) No. -46(-50mm) No. -48(-52mm) No. -50(-54mm) No. -51(-56mm) No. -52(-58mm) No. -54(-60mm) No. -56(-62mm) No. -58(-64mm)

Expanded view

Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view Expanded view

Expanded view

Expanded view

347

Axial - Cadaver +62(+62mm)

R

L

A

SFG(1)

+ 80

CSu

FB

SSS

SFG(1)

P

SFG(2) PrS(1)

SFG(2)

MFG PrS PrS(2)

PrG(1)

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG

0

PrG(2) CeS Dur

PoG

CeS

PoG PoS

PoS – 80

SPL

Dur + 50

ArG: Arachnoid granulation CeS: Central sulcus CSu: Coronal suture Dur: Dura mater FB: Frontal bone MFG: Middle frontal gyrus PB: Parietal bone PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule

SSS

SSu 0

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus SSu: Sagittal suture

348

PB

ArG

SPL – 50

Axial - MRI +62(+66mm)

R

L

A

SFG(2)

SFG(1)

SSS(1)

SFG(1)

P

SFG(2)

+ 80

PrS

SCV

PrG

PrS

0

PrG(1)

PoG SCV

PrG(2)

Pc PoG

MS + 50

CeS

SSS(2) 0

CeS: Central sulcus MS: Marginal sulcus Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

349

– 80

SCV – 50

LEFT

RIGHT

CeS

Axial - Cadaver +60(+60mm)

R

A

L

CSu

+ 80

SFG(1)

FB

SSS

SFG(1)

SFG(2)

Csu

P

SFS

SFG(2)

MFG

PrS

PrS

PrG(1)

PrG(2) LEFT

RIGHT

PrG

0

CeS CeS PB

PoG

PoG

SCV PoS

PoS SPL

– 80

MS

Pc(1)

Pc(2) + 50

ArG: Arachnoid granulation CeS: Central sulcus CSu: Coronal suture FB: Frontal bone MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SCV: Superior cerebral vein

ArG

SSS

SSu 0

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus SSu: Sagittal suture

350

Pc(2)

Pc(1)

MS – 50

SPL

Axial - MRI +60(+64mm)

R

L

A

SFS

SFG(1)

CF

SSS

SFG(1)

P

SFS

+ 80

SFG(2) MFG

PrS

SCV

SCV SFG(2)

PrS 0

CeS

PrG(1)

PoG PrG(2)

CeS

MS + 50

PoG

SSS 0

CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

351

MS

SCV – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG

Axial - Cadaver +58(+58mm)

R

L

CSu

+ 80

A

SFG(2)

SFG(1)

SSS

CF

SFG(1) SFG(2)

Csu

P

SFS MFG

SFS

PrS MFG PrG(1) PrS PrG(2)

0

PrG(2)

CeS

CeS

PoG

PoG

PoS

SCV PoS

SPL SPL – 80

PaL

MS

Pc

+50

ArG: Arachnoid granulation CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CSu: Coronal suture MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SCV: Superior cerebral vein

ArG

SSu

SSS 0

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus SSu: Sagittal suture

352

SPL

Pc(2)

Pc(1) – 50

MS

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG(1)

Axial - MRI +58(+62mm)

R

L

A

SFG(2)

SFG(1)

SSS

SFG(1)

SCV(1)

P

SFG(2)

SFS

+ 80

SFS

PrS

MFG

PrG

PrS

0

PrG(1)

PoS

SCV(2) CeS

SPL

PoS PrG(2) + 50

MS

SSS 0

CeS: Central sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

353

MS

PoG – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

CeS

Axial - Cadaver +56(+56mm)

R

L

A

SFG(2)

+ 80

SFG(1)

CF

SSS(1)

FB

SFG(1) SFG(2)

SFS

P

SFG(3)

Csu

SFS

MFG

PrS

CSu

PrG(1)

MFG

PrG(2)

PrS(1)

0

PaL LEFT

RIGHT

PrS(2) PrG

CeS CeS

PB PoG

PoG

SCV SCV PoS

PoS

– 80

SPL(1)

SPL

MS

PaL + 50

ArG: Arachnoid granulation CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CSu: Coronal suture Dur: Dura mater FB: Frontal bone MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus

Pc

SSS(2) 0

PrS: Precentral sulcus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus SSu: Sagittal suture

354

SSu

ArG

Pc

MS

Dur – 50

SPL(2)

Axial - MRI +56(+60mm)

L

A

SFS

SFG(2)

SFG(1)

SSS

SFG

SFS

P

SCV

+ 80

MFG(1)

MFG

MFG(2)

RIGHT

PrS

PrS 0

PrG PrG

CeS

PoG

PoS

PoG

MS + 50

SSS 0

CeS: Central sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

355

MS

CeS – 50

PoS

– 80

LEFT

R

Axial - Cadaver +54(+54mm)

R

L

A

MFG

+ 80

SFS

SFG

SSS(1)

FB

SFG(1)

SFG(2)

SFS

P

MFG

CSu

PB

PrS(1)

PrS PrS(2) PrG(1) PrG

PB(2)

0 CeS

CeS PoG PoG PoS SCV

CF

PoS

SPL

PaL

– 80

PaL

MS + 50

CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CSu: Coronal suture FB: Frontal bone MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus

Pc(1)

Pc(2)

SSS(2) 0

SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

356

Pc(2)

Pc(1)

MS – 50

SPL

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG(2)

Axial - MRI +54(+58mm)

R

L

MFG(2)

A

SFS

SFG(1)

CF

SSS

SFG(1)

SFS

P

SFG(2)

+ 80

PaL(1)

PrS MFG

SCV

PrS

PrG

0

PrG

CeS

CeS PoG

PoG

PoS

SMG IPS SPL

MS

Pc + 50

CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

PaL(2)

SSS 0

SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

357

PaL(2)

Pc

SPL(2) – 50

MS

SPL

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PaL(1)

Axial - Cadaver +52(+52mm)

R

L

MFG

+ 80

A

SFS(2)

SFS(1)

SFG(1)

CF

SSS(1)

SFG(1)

SFG(2)

P

SFS

MFG

SFG(2)

PrS PrS

PrG

0

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG

CeS CeS

PoG PoG PoS SCV SMG PoS IPS

SPL

– 80

SPL(1)

SPL(2)

PaL + 50

CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

MS

Pc(2)

Pc(1)

SSS(2) 0

SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

358

Pc(1)

Pc(2)

MS – 50

PaL

Axial - MRI +52(+56mm)

R

L

A

SFG(2)

SFS

SFG(1)

CF

SSS(1)

SFG(1)

SFS

P

SFG(2)

+ 80

MFG PaL(1)

MFG SCV

PrS PaL(1)

PrG

0

PrG CeS CeS PoG PoG

PoS IPS

SMG

SMG

IPS

SPL

MS + 50

CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

Pc

PaL(2)

SSS(2) 0

SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

359

Pc

MS

PaL(2) – 50

SPL

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PrS

Axial - Cadaver +50(+50mm)

R

L

MFG

+ 80

SFS(2)

A

SFS(1)

SFG(2)

SFG(1)

CF

SSS(1)

FB

SFG(1)

P

SFS SFG(2)

PrS(1)

MFG

PrS(2)

PrG PrS

CeS PrG

0

CeS SMG(1) PB PoS PoG SMG(2) SCV IPS PoS

SPL SPL

– 80

AG

MS

POS

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx FB: Frontal bone IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

Pc(1)

Pc(2)

SSS(2) 0

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

360

Pc(2)

Pc(1)

MS – 50

PaL

LEFT

RIGHT

PoG

Axial - MRI +50(+54mm)

R

L

A

SFS

SFG(2)

SFG(1)

CF

SFG(1)

SSS

SFG(2)

P

SFS

+ 80

MFG

MFG(1)

SCV

MFG(2)

PaL(1)

PrS

PrG 0

PrG

CeS

CeS

PoG

PoS

PoS IPS

SMG

SMG IPS SPL

MS + 50

CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SCV: Superior cerebral vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

Pc

PaL(2)

SSS 0

SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

361

Pc

PaL(2)

MS – 50

SPL

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PaL(1)

Axial - Cadaver +48(+48mm)

R

L

CF

+ 80

A

SFS(2) SFS(1)

SFG(2)

SSS(1)

SFG(1)

SFG

SFS

P

PaL(1)

MFG

MFG

PrS

PrG PaL(1)

PB

CeS 0

CeS PoG PoG PoS PoS SPL(1) SPL(1) IPS

PaL(2)

SMG

– 80

PaL(2)

SPL(2)

POS

+ 50

CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus

MS

Pc(1) Pc(2)

SSS(2) Pc(2) 0

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

362

Pc(1)

MS – 50

SPL(2)

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG

Axial - MRI +48(+52mm)

R

L

SFG(2)

SFS

SFG(1)

SSS

SFG(1)

SFG(2)

A

P

SFS

+ 80

MFG MFG

PaL(1) CF

PrS

PrS

PrG 0

CeS CeS

PoG PoG

PoS PoS

SPL SPL PaL(1)

Pc + 50

CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SPL: Superior parietal lobule

MS

PaL(2) 0

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

363

SSS

Pc

MS

PaL(2) – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG

Axial - Cadaver +46(+46mm)

R

L

A

MFG(1)

+ 80

SFS(1)

SFG(2)

SFG(1)

FB

SSS

SFG(1)

SFS

P

SFG(2)

MFG

SFS(2) MFG(2) PaL(1)

PrS PrS

PaL(1) PrG

CeS 0

CeS PB PoG PoS

PoG

SMG

PoS

CF SPL(1) IPS SPL(1)

PaL(2)

AG SPL(2) – 80

IPS

SPL(2)

MS

POS Pc(1)

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx FB: Frontal bone IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

Pc(2) PaL(2)

SSu SSS 0

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus SSu: Sagittal suture

364

Pc(2)

POS

Pc(1) – 50

MS

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG

Axial - MRI +46(+50mm)

R

L

A

SFG(2)

SFS

SFG(1)

CF

SSS

SFG(1)

SFG(2)

P

SFS

+ 80

MFG(1) MFG

MFG(2) PaL(1)

PrS PrS

PrG

0

CeS CeS

PoG PoG

PoS PaL(2)

SPL SPL(1)

PaL(1)

PaL(2)

MS

+ 50

CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SPL: Superior parietal lobule

Pc

SSS

Pc(2) 0

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

365

Pc(1)

MS

SPL(2) – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG

Axial - Cadaver +44(+44mm)

R

L

MFG(1)

+ 80

A

SFS

CF

SFG

SSS(1) FB

SFG(1)

SFG(2)

SFS

MFG(1)

P

PaL(1)

MFG(2) CSu

Csu

PrS

MFG(2)

PB PrS PrG

Dur

CeS

RIGHT

0

PB

PoS

CeS PaL

PoG

SMG(1) PoS SPL(1) SPL(1) SMG(2) PaL(2) MS SPL(2)

IPS(1)

– 80

AG IPS(2)

SPL(2)

POS

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CSu: Coronal suture Dur: Dura mater FB: Frontal bone IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus

Pc(1) Pc(2) SSS(2) SSu 0

POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus SSu: Sagittal suture

366

Pc(2)

POS

Pc(1)

MS – 50

SPL(3)

LEFT

PrG

PoG

Axial - MRI +44(+48mm)

R

L

SFS

A

SFG(3)

SFG(2)

SFG(1) SSS(1)

SFG(1)

SFG(2)

P

MFG

+ 80

MFG SFS

PrS PrG

PrG

CeS(1) CeS

0

CeS(2) PoG PoG

PoS PoS

PaL SPL

CF

PaL + 50

CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SPL: Superior parietal lobule

MS

Pc

SSS(2) 0

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

367

Pc(2)

Pc(1)

MS – 50

SPL

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG

Axial - Cadaver +42(+42mm)

R

L

MFG(1)

+ 80

A

SFS

SFG

SSS(1)

SFG

SFS

PCG(1)

PCG(2)

P

MFG(1)

MFG(2) MFG(2) PrS

PrS PrG

CeS

PrG

0

CeS

PoS

PB

PoG

SMG(1)

PaL(1) CF

PoS

SMG(2)

SPL(1) PaL(2)

PaL SPL(1)

SPL(2)

AG – 80

IPS MS

IPS

SPL(2)

POS

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus OL: Occipital lobe PaL: Paracentral lobule PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus PCG: Posterior cingulate gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus

Pc(1)

Pc(2) SSS(2) 0

PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

368

Pc OL POS

SPL(3)

MS – 50

SMG

LEFT

RIGHT

PoG

Axial - MRI +42(+46mm)

R

L

SFS

SFG

CG

SSS

CS

SFG

CS

A

P

SFS

+ 80

MFG(1)

MFG(1)

MFG(2)

MFG(2)

PrS PrS PrG

0

CeS

PoG

PoS

PoG

SMG

PoS

IPS

SPL(1)

SPL(1) SPL(2)

CF IPS(1) SPL(2)

PaL

SPL(3)

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus

MS

Pc

SSS 0

PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

369

Pc

MS SPL(3)

PaL

IPS(2) – 50

AG

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG CeS

Axial - Cadaver +40(+40mm)

R

+ 80

L

A

PcG(3) MFG(1) PcG(2) PCG(1) SFG SFS

CF SSS(1)

PCG(1) SFG CMA

MFG(1) PcG(2)

P

MFG(2)

PaL MFG(2)

MFG(3) MFG(3)

Cso PrS PrS PaL PrG

CeS

CeS 0

PB PoG PoG

LS

PCG(3) PoS SPL(1) SMG MS MS SMG(1)

SPL(1) Pc

SPL(2) AG IPS – 80

IPS

SPL(2)

POS SPL(3)

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CMA: Callosomarginal artery Cso: Centrum semiovale IPS: Intraparietal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus PCG: Posterior cingulate gyrus

OL SSS(2) 0

PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

370

Pc POS

SPL(3)

Pc – 50

SMG(2)

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG

Axial - MRI +40(+44mm)

R

L

A

MFG(1)

SFS

CG(1)

SFG

CF

SSS

SFG(1)

PCG

SFG(2)

P

SFS

+ 80

MFG(1) MFG(2)

MFG(2) MFG(3)

PrS

PrS

RIGHT

PoG

CeS 0

PoG CeS

PoS

PoS

SPL(1) SMG

IPS

IPS

AG CG(2)

SPL(1)

PaL

SPL(2) + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus PCG: Posterior cingulate gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus

MS

Pc

SSS 0

PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

371

Pc

MS

SPL(2)

PaL – 50

CG

– 80

LEFT

PrG

PrG

Axial - Cadaver +38(+38mm)

R

L

A

CMA

+ 80

MFG(1)

SFG

SFS

CG(1)

FB SSS(1)SFG(1) SFG(2)

CMA

CS

P

PCG

CG(2) MFG(1)

MFG(2)

CG(2)

CF

PrS

MFG(2)

PrS

CS

RIGHT

PrG

PrG

0

CeS

CeS

PoG LS PoS PoS PaL SMG(1) SMG PaL AG(1)

CS

SMG(2) – 80

IPS

SPL

AG

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CS: Cingulate sulcus FB: Frontal bone IPS: Intraparietal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus PaL: Paracentral lobule PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus

POS

Pc

SSS(2) 0

PCG: Posterior cingulate gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

372

Pc

SPL

AG(2) – 50

IPS

LEFT

PB

Axial - MRI +38(+42mm)

R

L

A

MFG(1)

SFS

SSS

SFG(2) SFG(1) CMA

CF

SFG(1)

SFG(2)

P

CS

+ 80

CS

SFS

CG(1)

MFG(2)

MFG(1) IFS MFG(2)

CG(1)

PrS

PrS

PrG 0

PrG

CeS

CeS PoG PoG PoS PoS

SPL(1) SMG

IPS CG(2) IPS

MS

SPL

Pc

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PaL: Paracentral lobule Pc: Precuneus

Pc

SSS 0

PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

373

Pc

MS

PaL

CG(2)

SPL(2) – 50

AG

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IFGop

Axial - Cadaver +37(+37mm)

R

L

A

MFG(1)

+ 80

SFG

FB

SFS

CF SSS(1) PCG(1) SFG

CG(1)

CS

MFG(1)

P

CG(2)

CS MFG(2) CG(1)

PCG(2)

MFG(2)

PrS PB PrG PrS CG(2) PrG

PoG(1) 0

PoS

CeS PoG(2)

CeS PoS LS LS SMG(1) MS SMG(2) Pc(1)

CG(3) AG(1) – 80

AG(1)

IPS

AG(2) + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus FB: Frontal bone IPS: Intraparietal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus PCG: Posterior cingulate gyrus

POS

Pc

SSu SSS(2) 0

PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus SSu: Sagittal suture

374

Pc(2)

SPL

IPS – 50

AG(2)

LEFT

RIGHT

PoG

Axial - MRI +37(+40mm)

R

L

A

CG(1)

MFG(1)

SFS

SFG

SSS

CMA

SFG(1)

SFG(2)

SFS

P

MFG(1)

MFG(2)

+ 80

CG(1)

MFG(2) IFS IFGop IFGop

PrS

PrG

PrG

CeS

0

PoG CeS SMG(1) PoG

PoS

IPS(1)

PoS

SPL(1) SMG IPS(2)

AG IPS(1)

IPS(2)

SPL

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus

CG(2)

Pc

Pc(2) Pc(1) 0

PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

375

SPL(2)

MS

AG – 50

CG(2)

SMG(2)

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PrS

Axial - Cadaver +36(+36mm)

R

L

A

MFG(1)

+ 80

FB

SFS

SFG

SSS

CF

SFG

CG(1)

CS

MFG(1)

P

CG(2)

CS MFG(2)

CG(1) MS MFG(2) PB PrS PrS

PrG

PoG

CeS

PoS

PoG(1)

CeS

PoG(2)

0

LS

PoS LS

SMG(1) SMG(1) SMG(2) SMG(2) AG(1) AG(1) – 80

CG(2)

IPS

AG(2)

SPS

POS

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus FB: Frontal bone IPS: Intraparietal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus

Pc(1)

Pc(2)

SSu SSS 0

POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus SSu: Sagittal suture

376

Pc

SPL

IPS – 50

AG(2)

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG

Axial - MRI +36(+38mm)

R

L

A

CG(1)

MFG(1)

SFS

SFG

SSS CMA

SFG(1)

SFG(2)

P

SFS

MFG(1)

IFS

+ 80

CG(1)

MFG(2) IFGop

IFGop PrS PrS PrG

CeS CeS PoG

0

PoS

SMG(1)

PoS

IPS(1)

SPL(1) SMG

IPS(2) IPS(1) SMG(2) AG

IPS(2)

SPL

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus

CG(2)

Pc

Pc(2) 0

PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

377

MS SPL(2)

Pc(1)

AG – 50

CG(2)

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG

Axial - Cadaver +34(+34mm)

R

L

A

CF

+ 80

MFG(1)

FB

SFS

SSS

SFG

PcG SFG

CG(1)

CS

SFS

P

MFG(1)

MFG(2)

MFG(2)

CG(1) IFGop

MFG(3)

IFGop

PrS

PrS PrG PrG CeS

PoG(1)

PoG 0

PoG(2)

PoS

PB LS

PoS LS

CG CG(2) SMG SMG SPS

Pc(1)

AG AG

– 80

SPL

IPS

OL

Pc(1)

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus FB: Frontal bone IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IPS: Intraparietal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus OL: Occipital lobe PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus

Pc(2)

SSS 0

PcG: Paracingulate gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

378

SPS

POS

OL

IPS – 50

Pc(2)

LEFT

RIGHT

CeS

Axial - MRI +34(+36mm)

R

L

A

MFG(2)

CG

MFG(1)

SFS

CS(1)

SSS(1) CS

SFG

CG(1)

SFS

MFG(1)

P

MFG(2)

+ 80

IFS CG(2)

IFGop

IFS

Cso

IFGop

RIGHT

PrG

PrG

CeS

CeS 0

PoG

PoG

PoS

PoS

SMG(1)

SMG(1)

SPL(1) IPS(1)

IPS(1)

SMG(2)

IPS(2)

AG

CS(2)

MS

+ 50 AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus Cso: Centrum semiovale IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MS: Marginal sulcus Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

SPL SPS

SSS(2) SPS 0

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

379

Pc

SPL(2) IPS(2)

MS – 50

AG

SMG(2) – 80

LEFT

PrS

PrS

Axial - Cadaver +32(+32mm)

R

L

A

CS

+ 80

FB

MFG(1) SFS

SFG

SSS

CF

SFG

PCG

CS

CG(1)

CG(1)

P

MFG(1) MFG(2)

MFG(2) IFGop Cso PrS

PrS

PB

PrG

RIGHT

CeS

PoG 0

PoG SMG(1) PoS LS LS SMG(2) CG(2)

CG(2)

SMG

SMG(3) AG(1)

SPS

SPS – 80

AG AG(2)

IPS

Pc

POS Cu

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus Cso: Centrum semiovale Cu: Cuneus FB: Frontal bone IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IPS: Intraparietal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus PB: Parietal bone

SSS 0

Pc: Precuneus PCG: Posterior cingulate gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

380

Pc

Cu

POS

SPL

IPS – 50

LEFT

PrG

CeS

Axial - MRI +32(+34mm)

R

L

CS(1)

A

MFG(1)

SFS SFG(2) SFG(1) CMA SSS

CMA CS(1)

SFG

SFS

P

MFG(1)

MFG(2)

+ 80

CG(1)

MFG(2)

IFS

IFGop(1)

IFS

PcA

IFGop

IFGop(2) PrS PrS PrG

CeS PoS

0

PoG

SMG(1) PoS CG(2) SMG IPS(1) SPL(1) SMG(2)

IPS(1)

CS(2) AG

IPS(2)

SPS

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CS: Cingulate sulcus FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus

CG(3)

Pc

SSS 0

PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

381

SPS Pc

SPL(2) CS(2)

IPS(2) – 50

AG

FOF

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG CeS

Axial - Cadaver +30(+30mm)

R

L

MFG(2)

+ 80

A

PaCG MFG(1)

SFS

FB

SFG

SSS(1) CS PCG SFG

CG(1) SFS

CG(2)

CG

P

MFG IFS

CS FOF MFG(3) IFGop IFS PrS IFGop CeS

PrS

PB

PrG

RIGHT

CeS

CG(3)

0

PoG(2) FOF PoS LS LS SMG(1)

SMG(1)

CF SMG(2) SMG(2) SPS(1) CG SPS(2) AG – 80

AG(1)

AG(2)

Pc

POS

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus FB: Frontal bone FOF:Fronto-occipital fasciculus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

Cu

SSS(2) 0

PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus PCG: Posterior cingulate gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

382

Pc

Cu

POS

SPL

SPS – 50

LEFT

PoG(1)

PoG

Axial - MRI +30(+32mm)

R

L

MFG(2)

A

CG(1)

MFG(1)

SFS

SFG

CMA

CS(1)

CMA

SFG

SFS

CG(1)

P

MFG

+ 80

IFS IFS CG(2) IFGop IFGop(1) PrS IFGop(2)

PrG

PrS

PoG 0

PoS

CeS(1)

FOF

SMG

CS(1)

PoS

SMG

FOF

IPS(1) CS(2) AG

AG

CG(2)

IPS(2)

CS(2) + 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CS: Cingulate sulcus FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

SPL

SPS

Pc

SSS 0

PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

383

Pc

SPS

SPL – 50

IPS

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

CeS

Axial - Cadaver +30(+30mm)

R

L

SFS

+ 44

A

CS

SFG

CF

PcG

CS

SFS

MFG(1)

P

MFG(1)

CG(3)

MFG(2) MFG(2) CG MFG IFS IFS IFGop

IFGop

FOF

CG(1) 0

SLF CG(2) CG(2) CG(3)

CS

SMG LS

SMG – 36

SPS + 30

SPS 0

SMG: Supramarginal gyrus AG: Angular gyrus SPS: Subparietal sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus PcG: Paracingulate gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus

384

AG – 30

LEFT

RIGHT

CG(1)

Axial - MRI +30(+32mm)

R

L

A

CS

CS

P

CMA

+ 44

PcA CG CF

CCF LCF

CG

FOF

0

CS

SLF SLF

CS

SPS + 30

CF 0

CCF: Corpus callosum fiber CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CS: Cingulate sulcus FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure PcA: Pericallosal artery SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SPS: Subparietal sulcus

385

SupS

CG – 30

– 36

LEFT

RIGHT

FOF

Axial - Cadaver +28(+28mm)

R

+ 80

L

MFG(1)

SFS(2)

A

CG(1)

MFG

SFS(1) SFG

CS

SSS

CS SFG

CG(1) SFS

FB

P

CG(2) MFG Cu

MFG(2)

IFS IFGop(1)

PrG

IFGop(2) LVb

PrS PrG

CeS

0

CeS CG(2) PoG LS

PoS

SMG(1)

LS

SLF

SLF SMG(1)

SMG(2) SMG(2) CF CG(3) AG CG(4) – 80

CG(3)

SPS

Pc

POS

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus FB: Frontal bone FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus

Cu

SSS 0

PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

386

Cu Pc(2)

Pc(1)

AG(2)

SPS – 50

AG(1)

LEFT

RIGHT

PB PoG

Axial - MRI +28(+30mm)

R

L

MFG(2)

A

CS(2)

MFG(1)

SFS SFG CS(1) CMA

PcA

CS(1)

SFG

CS(2)

SFS

P

Cg

CCF

+ 80

IFS IFS IFGtr IFGop IFGop(1) PrS

IFGop(2) PrS

PrG CCF

PoG 0

CeS PoG

PoG PoS SMG(1) SMG LS

CG(1) SMG(2) IPS(1)

SMG(3) AG(1)

CG(2)

AG(2)

IPS(2)

SPL(1)

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CCF: Corpus callosum fiber CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CS: Cingulate sulcus FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure

LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus

SPS SPL(2) Pc

Pc LCF 0

SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPS: Subparietal sulcus

387

POS

SPS

SPL

CS(3)

– 50

FOF

SLF

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

CeS

Axial - Cadaver +26(+26mm)

R

L

MFG

+ 80

A

SFS

Cg

SSS

SFG(2) CS SFG (1)

CF

CG(1)

FB

CS

SFS

P

MFG

IFS

CG(2) IFGop IFS PrS CNb PrG IFGop CeS

PrS

0

PB CeS

LVb

PoG(1) LS PoG(2) SMG(1)

PoS

SMG(2)

LS

CG SMG(1) SPS SLF AG(1)

– 80

Pc(1)

AG(2)

POS

Pc(2)

+ 50 AG: Angular gyrus CCF: Corpus callosum fiber CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus FB: Frontal bone IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus LamS: Lambdoid suture

LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus

LamS

SSS

Cu

0 SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

388

Pc

POS

CG(2)

AG(2) – 50

AG(1)

SMG(2)

LEFT

RIGHT

PoG

Axial - MRI +26(+28mm)

R

L

IFS

A

MFG(2)

MFG(1)

SFS

SFG

CS PcA

CG(1)

CS

SFG

SFS

MFG(1)

P

IFS

+ 80

MFG(1) IFGtr CG(2) IFGop(1) IFGop(1) CCF Cg IFGop(2) IFGop(2) PrS PrS PrG

CeS CeS PoG

PoG

PoS

PoS

0

SMG(1) SMG LS LS CG(1) SLF SMG(2) SMG(2) CG(3)

AG(1)

AG(1)

CG(2) AG(2)

SPL(1)

SPS

SPL(2) POS

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CCF: Corpus callosum fiber CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CS: Cingulate sulcus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery

Pc

SSS

Pc POS

0

PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

389

SPL(2)

SPS

SPL(1)

– 50

CG(4)

AG(2)

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG

Axial - Cadaver +24(+24mm)

R

L

MFG(2)

+ 80

A

MFG(1)

SFS

CG

SFG

CS CF

SSS

SFG

CG(1) CeS

SFS

P

FB

MFG(1)

IFGtr MFG(2)

CSu IFS IFGop

IFGtr

PrG

PB IFGop

CeS

RIGHT

CeS

CR

0

FOF

SLF

CNb

LS

SMG(1) LS

SMG(1)

SMG(2) TTG LVb LVb LCF

SMG(2) AG – 80

AG(1) CCF

SPS

ISS

Pc

LamS Cu

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CCF: Corpus callosum fiber CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CR: Corona radiata CS: Cingulate sulcus CSu: Coronal suture Cu: Cuneus FB: Frontal bone FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus

IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LamS: Lambdoid suture LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus

SSS

Cu

POS

0

PrG: Precentral gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

390

Pc

SPS

AG(2) – 50

CG(2)

LEFT

PrG PoG

Axial - MRI +24(+26mm)

R

L

MFG(2)

A

Cg(1) MFG(1)

SFG SFS

CS

CMA

SSS(1) CeS

PcA SFG

SFS

Cg(1)

P

MFG IFS

+ 80

IFS IFGtr(1)

IFGtr(2) IFGtr

CG IFGop(1)

Cg(2)

Cg(2)

IFGop

IFGop(2)

PrS

PrS

PrG

CeS

0

PoG PoS

PoS

SMG(1)

SMG(1)

LS CCF SLF LS SMG(2) SMG(2) SMG(3) PcA AG

IPS

SPL Cg(3)

SPS POS

+ 50

AG : Angular gyrus CCF : Corpus callosum fiber CeS : Central sulcus CG : Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CMA : Callosomarginal artery CS : Cingulate sulcus IFGop : Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr : Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS : Inferior frontal sulcus IPS : Intraparietal sulcus LS : Lateral sulcus MFG : Middle frontal gyrus

Pc : Precuneus PcA : Pericallosal artery PoG : Postcentral gyrus POS : Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS : Postcentral sulcus PrG : Precentral gyrus PrS : Precentral sulcus SFG : Superior frontal gyrus SFS : Superior frontal sulcus SLF : Superior longitudinal fasciculus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL : Superior parietal lobule SPS : Subparietal sulcus

Pc

SSS(2) 0

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

391

POS

SPS

SPL – 50

Cg(2)

IPS

AG – 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG CeS

Axial - Cadaver +22(+22mm)

R

L

CCb

+ 80

A

SFS

CS SFG CG(1) PaCG SSS(1) CF

SFG

CeS

SFS MFG(1)

PcA

P

MFG(2)

MFG MFG(3)

IFS IFS

0

IFGtr

PrS

IFGop(1)

PrG

IFGop(2)

CeS

PrS

PoG

CNb

CR

CeS PB

TTG SMG(1)

LS

LS LVb SMG(2) CG(2)

SMG(3)

PcA

SPS

AG(1) ISS – 80

AG

Pc

LOG

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CR: Corona radiata CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus FOF:Fronto-occipital fasciculus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus

ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus PB: Parietal bone Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

Cu

CF SSS(2)

Cu

0

SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

392

POS

LOG

Pc – 50

AG(2)

SPS

LEFT

RIGHT

FOF

Axial - MRI +22(+24mm)

R

L

CCb

A

MFG

CG

SFS

SFG

CS CMA

CG(1)

CeS SFG

SFS

P

MFG

+ 80

PcA IFS IFS CNb

IFGtr(1) IFGtr(2) IFGop(1)

PrS TSV PrG

IFGop(2) PrS

CeS

PoG

0

CeS

PoS

PoS

SMG(1)

SMG(1) LS

SLF

LS

SMG(2)

SLF

SMG(2)

AG(1)

CCF

AG(2) Cg

IPS

POS

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCF: Corpus callosum fiber CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus

IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LS: Lateral sulcus MFG: Middle frontal gyrus Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus

SPS

Cu

Pc 0

SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPS: Subparietal sulcus TSV: Thalamostriate vein

393

POS

ISS

SPL

SPS – 50

CG(2)

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG

Axial - Cadaver +20(+20mm)

R

L

PcA

+ 80

A

CG

SFS

CS

CF(1) SSS(1) LCF

SFG

CS

SFS

CG(1)

P

MFG(1) CG(2)

IFS MFG(2) IFGtr IFS IFGop

LVb

PrS

IFGop(1)

PrG PrS CNb

SLF

CeS

0

PoG

LS

CR

TTG

SMG(1) SMG

LS

TSV SMG(2) CCb SMG(3) PcA

CGrs SPS

PCG AG(1) – 80

SPS

Pc

SS

LOG

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CGrs:Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CR: Corona radiata CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus

ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery PCG: Posterior cingulate gyrus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus Prg: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus

CF(2)

SSS(2)

Cu

POS

0

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPS: Subparietal sulcus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TSV: Thalamostriate vein TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

394

LOG

AG(3)

ISS – 50

AG(2)

LEFT

RIGHT

CeS

Axial - MRI +20(+22mm)

R

L

IFGtr(1)

A

IFS

MFG

SFS

SFG

CeS

CG SSS

CMA

SFG

PcA

P

SFS

+ 80

MFG

IFGtr(2)

IFS IFGtr

CNb

CG(1) IFGop(1) CCb IFGop(2)

PrG

CNh

CeS

PrS

PrG

CeS 0

PoS

PoS

SMG(1) SMG(1) SLF SLF LVb LS LS SMG(2) SMG(2) AG AG(1)

CG(2)

IPS

AG(2)

SPL

POS

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CNh: Caudate nucleus, head Cu: Cuneus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part Ifs: Inferior frontal sulcus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus

LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus

Pc Cu

SSS

Cu Pc

0

SPL: Superior parietal lobule SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

395

Cu

POS

SPS – 50

SPL

ISS

IPS

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

IFGop

Axial - Cadaver +20(+20mm)

R

L

IFS

+ 44

A

CG

CS

CF

P

LCF CG

Cg IFG

MFG PcA

Fmi

CCtg

CNb

CCb

SLF 0

LVb CR

TTG(1)

TSV

CNb

TTG(2)

LVtt

CP

CCs PcA – 36

Fmj

CGrs + 30

CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CCtg: Corpus callosum, toward the genu CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CGrs: Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CP: Choroid plexus CR: Corona radiata CS: Cingulate sulcus Fmi: Forceps minor

SPS

PCG

SS 0

TSV: Thalamostriate vein Fmj: Forceps major TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LVb: Lateral ventricle, body LVtt: Lateral ventricle, toward the trigone MFG: Middle frontal gyrus PcA: Pericallosal artery PCG: Posterior cingulate gyrus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SPS: Subparietal sulcus SS: Straight sinus

396

ISS

SPS

CG – 30

LEFT

RIGHT

SLF

Axial - MRI +20(+22mm)

R

L

A

CG

LCF

CeS

PcA

P

CG

CCtg

+ 44

LCF

CCb

CNb

CNb CR

TSV

TSV

CR

0

CCs SLF LVb

ICV

CG + 30

ISS 0

PcA: Pericallosal artery CCb: Corpus callosum, body SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CCtg: Corpus callosum, toward the genu TSV: Thalamostriate vein CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CNb: Caudate nucleus, body CR: Corona radiata CS: Cingulate sulcus ICV: Internal cerebral vein ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LVb: Lateral ventricle, body

397

CS

– 36

Cg – 30

LEFT

RIGHT

CCb

Axial - Cadaver +18(+18mm)

R

L

PcA

+ 80

A

MFG(1) CG(1) SFS

SFG

CS SSS(1) CCg SFG

CeS

SFG

CG

P

LVa MFG

MFG(2)

IFGtr IFS

IFGtr CNh IFGop IFGop

PrS IC

PrS PrG

Cl 0

CeS TSV PoG

LS

IC TTG(1) SMG(1) SMG LS TTG(2) SMG(2) CP CCs AG(1) AG(1) CG(2)

Scc

AG(2) – 80

ISS

POS

LOG

SS

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CP: Choroid plexus CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus IC: Internal capsule IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part

IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MFG: Middle frontal gyrus Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum

Cu

SSS(2)

Pc

0

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPS: Subparietal sulcus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TSV: Thalamostriate vein TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

398

LOG

POS

AG(3) – 50

SupS

AG(2)

LEFT

RIGHT

CeS

Axial - MRI +18(+20mm)

R

L

IFS

A

MFG(2)

MFG(1)

SFS

SMG

CS

SSS

CS

CMA

SFG

P

SFS

+ 80

IFGtr(1)

IFS

IFGtr(2)

PcA

CG(1)

SLF CNh

CCb

IFGop(1) LVa

IFGop(2)

PrG

IC

CeS

PoG 0

PoS TSV SLF SMG(1) IN

LS

SMG(2) LS

LVb

SMG(3)

Scc

LVb AG

CG(2)

CCs ISS

IPS

LOG

POS

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CCb: Corpus callosum, body CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus IC: Internal capsule IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus

IN: Insula IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus

Pc

SSS

Cu 0

PrG: Precentral gyrus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TSV: Thalamostriate vein

399

POS SPL(2)

SPL(1) – 50

IPS

AG

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

CeS

Axial - Cadaver +16(+16mm)

R

L

MFG (2)

+ 80

A

MFG (1) CG (1) SFS

SFG

CS

PcA SSS CF

SFG

CS

SFS

ACA

P

CG MFG

CCg

Fmi IFS

IFS

SP

IFGtr

IFGop

CNh LVa

TSV

IFGop

CeS

TM PrG CeS

Cl

0

Pu PoG

LS ICg

STG

LS SMG (1)

Jsm+stg TTG

SZ

Fxb

SMG (2)

SMG (3)

LVtr

LP

AG

AG (1) – 80

CCs

CG (2)

LOG

POS

Cu

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AG: Angular gyrus CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus EC: External capsule Fmi: Forceps minor

Fmj: Forceps major Fxb: Fornix, body ICg: Internal capsule, genu IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus Jsm+stg: Junction of supramarginal and superior temporal gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone

SG SSS

Pc

0

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SG: Straight gyrus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SP: Septum pellucidum

400

Cu LOG

SupS

AG (2) – 50

SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus SZ: Stratum zonale TM: Temporal muscle TSV: Thalamostriate vein TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

Scc

Fmj

LEFT

RIGHT

EC

Axial - MRI +16(+18mm)

R

L

IFS

A

MFG

SFS

Fmi

SFG

CS

PcA SSS CMA CS(1) SFG CS(2)

SFS

P

IFS

IFGop(1)

+ 80

CG(1)

CC

CNh

IFGop(2)

IFGtr

IFGop(1)

LVa

IN IFGop(2)

PrS

PrG

RIGHT

CeS PoG

0

AN

SMG(1)

PoS

TTG

IC

LS Fxb

SMG(2)

LS

SLF

LVb

SMG(3) LP

AG(1) CCs

DM ISS

AG(2)

SPS

LOG(1) LOG(2)

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AN: Anterior nucleus CC: Corpus callosum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fmi: Forceps minor Fmj: Forceps major

Fxb: Fornix, body IC: Internal capsule IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula IPS: Intraparietal sulcus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body

Cu

SSS Pc SPS 0

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SLF: Superior longitudinal fasciculus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPL: Superior parietal lobule

401

SPL(2) POS SPL(1) IPS – 50

SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus TSV: Thalamostriate vein TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

CG(2)

Fmj

– 80

LEFT

TSV

CeS

Axial - Cadaver +16(+16mm)

R

L

A

CCg

+ 44

PcA

CMA

CS

P

CG

LVa ICa

CNh TSV

SP EC CSP

Cl EmC

Pu TcG

LP Fxb

0

INlg PaCG ICp LP

TTG LS

CP

SZ

FOF – 36

LVtr CG

SPS

+ 30

CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CP: Choroid plexus CS: Cingulate sulcus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus Fxb: Fornix, body GCV: Great cerebral vein

ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb INIg: Insula, long gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone PcA: Pericallosal artery Pu: Putamen SP: Septum pellucidum SPS: Subparietal sulcus SS: Straight sinus

GCV

SS 0

SZ: Stratum zonale TcG: Transcapsular gray TSV: Thalamostriate vein TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

402

CCs – 30

LEFT

RIGHT

ICg

Axial - MRI +16(+18mm)

R

L

A

CS

CNh

Pc A

CC

CG

P

SP

ICa

+ 44

LVa

TSV AN

Fxb

DM

IN

0

INlg

LP

CPlv

CNt

Hic LVb

FOF

CCs + 30

AN: Anterior nucleus CC: Corpus callosum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula CG: Cingulate gyrus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CPlv: Choroid plexus in the lateral Ventricle CS: Cingulate sulcus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus FOF: Fronto-occipital fasciculus Fxb: Fornix, body Hic: Hippocampus, commissure

Scc

ISS

CG 0

ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IN: Insula INlg: Insula, long gyrus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body PcA: Pericallosal artery Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SP: Septum pellucidum TSV: Thalamostriate vein

403

+ 36

PcA – 30

LEFT

RIGHT

CeSIN

Axial - Cadaver +14(+14mm)

R

L

LVa

+ 80

A

MFG(2)

MFG(1) Fmi

SFG CeS

CF

CG

SFG SFS CCg

SP

AvN

AN

P

VA

ICa

IFS IFS IFGtr IFGtr

Pu IFGop(1)

TSV

EC

IFGop

IFGop(2) Fxb Cl

INsg

RIGHT

0

CeSIN

CeS

LS

PoG

INlg

ICg

STG(2)

LS TTG(1)

TTG

LP

STG(1) DM

TTG(2)

Fxcr SMG(1) AG(1)

IML

Tp SMG(2) CCs

Fxcr LVtr

Fmj – 80

SPS

AG(1) AG(2)

CG

POS

Cu

LOG

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AN: Anterior nucleus AvN: Anteroventral nucleus CbllF: Cerebellar falx CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum Cu: Cuneus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus

EC: External capsule Fmi: Forceps minor Fmj: Forceps major Fxb: Fornix, body Fxcr: Fornix, crus GCV: Great cerebral vein ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICg: Internal capsule, genu IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IML: Internal medullary lamina IN: Insula

SS

CbllF

SSS

Cu

0

INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LP: Lateral posterior nucleus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MFG: Middle frontal gyrus Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen

404

LOG(2) GCV LOG(1) – 50

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SP: Septum pellucidum SPS: Subparietal sulcus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus Tp: Tapetum TSV: Thalamostriate vein TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus VA: Ventral anterior nucleus

Pc

AG(2)

LEFT

PrG

CeS

Axial - MRI +14(+16mm)

R

L

IFGt r (1)

A

CN h

MFG

LVa SFS

CG

SFG SSS

CMA

CS

PcA

SFS

P

CG(1) IFS

ICa

+ 80

CC

IFGtr(2) LVa TSV Pu

IFGop(1)

PrS IFGop(2)

AN

VA

PrG

RIGHT

ICg DM

0

PoG

PoS CirS

PoS

Fxb

SMG(1) LS

LS STG

SMG(2) LVtr SFG Tp AG(1)

CNt

Scc AG(2)

SPS

POS

LOG

Pc

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AN: Anterior nucleus CC: Corpus callosum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CirS: Circular sulcus of insula CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus

Fxb: Fornix, body ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICg: Internal capsule, genu IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MFG: Middle frontal gyrus Pc: Precuneus

Cu

SSS ISS LOG

POS

0

PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

405

CG(2) – 50

STG: Superior temporal gyrus Tp: Tapetum TSV: Thalamostriate vein VA: Ventral anterior nucleus

CCs

LVtr

– 80

LEFT

CeS

CeS

Axial - Cadaver +12(+12mm)

R

L

Fxc

+ 80

A

MFG(2)

MFG(1) CG

CS

SFG

CCg

CF PcA SFS(1) CS

MFG SFS(2)

P

LVa CNh

IFS

IFS

IFGtr

ICa

TSV IFGop

IFGop INsg

EC

PrG Cl

CeS

LS 0

INlg

PoG

TTG

LS

STG PT STS Fxcr MTG(1) SMG MTG(2) AG(1)

AG(1) SPS

SPS

POS – 80

AG(2) Pc

LOG(1)

LOG(2)

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CeS: Central sulcus CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus EC: External capsule Fxc: Fornix, column Fxcr: Fornix, crus

GCV: Great cerebral vein ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus Pc: Precuneus

GCV

SSS

SS Cu

0

PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PT: Planum temporale SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SPS: Subparietal sulcus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

406

LOG(2)

LOG(1) – 50

TSV: Thalamostriate vein TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

AG(2)

LEFT

RIGHT

CeSIN

Axial - MRI +12(+14mm)

R

L

A

IFS

MFG

SFS

CG

CS

SFG

SSS CMA CS

SFS

PcA

P

SFS

MFG

+ 80

IFGtr(1) IFS CNh

CC

IFGtr(2)

LVa

SP IFGop(1) ICa IFGop(2)

PrS

PrG CeS

Pu INlg 0

PoG PoS PoS

SMG(1) INlg LS SMG(1) SMG(2)

LS

AG(1) STG

OR

AG(1)

POS

AG(2)

AG(2) ILF

OR

AG(3)

Pc

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CC: Corpus callosum CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CS: Cingulate sulcus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head Cu: Cuneus EC: External capsule ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part

IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus INlg: Insula, long gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MFG: Middle frontal gyrus OR: Optic radiation Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus

POS SPS

SSS 0

PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SP: Septum pellucidum SPS: Subparietal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus

407

Cu

LOG

CalS

LOG – 50

IPS

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

EC CeS

Axial - Cadaver +12(+12mm)

R

L

A

LVa

+ 44

SP

CCg

PcA

CG

CNh

P

Fxc

TSV

ICa

ICa

TcG ICg Pu

EC AN

VA DM

Cl 0

VL IML

ICa TTG

ICV

Pv DM ST

CN CNt Fxcr CPlv LVtr – 36

Fmj

Scc + 30

AN: Anterior nucleus CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CG: Cingulate gyrus CGrs : Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial Cl: Claustrum CN: Caudate nucleus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CPlv: Choroid plexus in the lateral ventricle DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule

Fmj: Forceps major Fxc: Fornix, column Fxcr: Fornix, crus GCV: Great cerebral vein ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICV: Internal cerebral vein IML: Internal medullary lamina LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone PcA: Pericallosal artery Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus

CCs

GCV 0

Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SP: Septum pellucidum SPS: Subparietal sulcus ST: Stria terminalis TcG: Transcapsular gray TSV: Thalamostriate vein TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

408

SPS

CGrs – 30

LEFT

RIGHT

EmC

Axial - MRI +12(+14mm)

R

L

SP

A

SV

CC

PcA

LVa

CG

CNh

P

ICa

+ 44

Fxc

TSV

AN VA

EmC

Pu

Cl

EC

ICp 0

LEFT

RIGHT

DM

AN ICV

LVtr

CNt

CP

Fxcr

Scc

+ 30

AN: Anterior nucleus CC: Corpus callosum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CP: Choroid plexus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fxc: Fornix, column Fxcr: Fornix, crus

CG

ISS 0

ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICV: Internal cerebral vein ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone PcA: Pericallosal artery Pu: Putamen Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SP: Septum pellucidum SV: Septal vein TSV: Thalamostriate vein VA: Ventral anterior nucleus

409

CCs – 30

– 36

Axial - Cadaver +10(+10mm)

R

L

Fxc

+ 80

A

MFG(2) LVa

MFG(1) SFS CS SFG PcA

CF

CG

SP

SFG SFS

CNh

SMT

P

ICa

IFS ST

IFS

IFGtr EC AN ICg IFGop Cl IML

EmC

TM

PrG

LS RIGHT

PoG 0

VP ICp DLF/MFB TTG STG PT MTG(1) Pv CNt LVb LVb SMG

AG(1)

MTG(2)

– 80

AG

CCs

CG

LOG

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus AN: Anterior nucleus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus DLF: Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus

DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fxc: Fornix, column Fxcr: Fornix, crus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IML: Internal medullary lamina LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus

CalS SSS

SS

Cu

0

LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MFB: Medial forebrain bundle MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PT: Planum temporale Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

410

LOG

POS

AG(2) – 50

SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SP: Septum pellucidum SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus ST: Stria terminalis STG: Superior temporal gyrus TM: Temporal muscle TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

Fxcr

LEFT

CeS

DM

Axial - MRI +10(+12mm)

R

L

LVa

A

CNh

MFG

SP

SFG

CC

PcA

SSS

CS

CG

SFS

Fxc

P

IFS

IFGop(1)

+ 80

ICa TSV VA

INsg

IFGop

IFGop(2) VL PrS

PrG

Pu

CeS

CeS

PoG INlg

ICp

0

TTG

DM

LS LS

SMG(1)

VP SMG(2) STG CNt

Pv

LVb

AG(1) OR

OR AG(2)

ICV

CCs

SPS

Pc

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CC: Corpus callosum CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus Fxc: Fornix, column ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb

ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICV: Internal cerebral vein IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus IPS: Intraparietal sulcus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus OR: Optic radiation

LOG SS

SSS Cu 0

Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMG: Supramarginal gyrus SP: Septum pellucidum

411

POS CalS

SPS

IPS – 50

SPS: Subparietal sulcus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus TSV: Thalamostriate vein TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

Scc

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

PrS

Axial - Cadaver +8(+8mm)

R

L

IFS

+ 80

MFG

A

SP

SFG(2) PcA CS SFG(1) FB

CF CG(1) CCg

Fxc

CNh

MFG

P

IFS

IFGtr ICa INsg

ICg EC

IFGop

Cl

STA

Pu PrG

V3

CeS PoG

STG(1) 0

LS

INlg

STG(1)

STG(2)

ICp STS TTG

MTG Hif

LVb

Fxcr

– 80

MTG

STG(2)

MTG

AG

CalS POS

AG

LOG

CalS Cu CF SSS SS CG(2) Cu

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus EC: External capsule FB: Frontal bone

Fxc: Fornix, column Fxcr: Fornix, crus Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus

0

LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SP: Septum pellucidum SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

412

LOG

Pc

CCs – 50

STA: Superficial temporal artery STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle

LEFT

RIGHT

LS

Axial - MRI +8(+10mm)

R

L

A

IFS

M FG

SFS

SFG

CCg

CS

LCF PcA

CG

SV SFS

MFG

P

IFS

+ 80

LVa CNh

IFGtr IFGtr

IFGop

IFGop INsg

EC

CeS PrG

GPe

Pu

RIGHT

Cl

PoG 0

INlg

PoS

TTG

STG

Pv LVb LVb AG CCs

Tp

MTG Pc

LOG

SS

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus EC: External capsule GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part

IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation Pc: Precuneus

Cu

SSS

Cu

0

PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus SV: Septal vein Tp : Tapetum

413

CalS

Pc

LOG

LG – 50

TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus

OR

– 80

LEFT

Pu

CeS

Axial - Cadaver +8(+8mm)

R

L

A

CNh

V3

+ 44

Fxc

SP

PcA

CCg

CSP

LVa

P

ST(1) SMT

ICa ICg

EC DM Pu

Cl

ICV

AN

GPe

EmC

Pv

GPll

0

VA ST VL AR

IML VPL

Hif ST(2)

LVb

CNt

Hit – 36

Fxcr

CS

+ 30

AN: Anterior nucleus AR: Auditory radiation CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CS: Cingulate sulcus CSP: Cavum septum pellucidum DLF: Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule

Fxc: Fornix, column Fxcr: Fornix, crus GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria Hit: Hippocampus, tail ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICV: Internal cerebral vein IML: Internal medullary lamina LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body

Scc

CCs 0

PcA: Pericallosal artery Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus Scc: Sulcus of corpus callosum SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SP: Septum pellucidum ST: Stria terminalis V3: Third ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VPL: Ventral posterior lateral nucleus

414

DLF

Pv – 30

DM

LEFT

RIGHT

ICp

Axial - MRI +8(+10mm)

R

L

A

CNh

ICa

SV

CCg

PcA

Fxc

LVa

P

CNh SV

+ 44

ICa ICg

Pu

VA EC EmC DM GPe

Cl

ICp

0

LEFT

RIGHT

VL

TV AN

VP TCF

CNt

CNt

Pv OR Tp

ICV + 30

AN: Anterior nucleus CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CP: Choroid plexus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fxc: Fornix, column GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment

ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICV: Internal cerebral vein LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn OR: Optic radiation PcA: Pericallosal artery Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SS: Straight sinus SV: Septal vein TCF: Transverse cerebral fi ssure Tp : Tapetum

CCs

SS CG 0

TV: Thalamic vein VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

415

ICV

CP – 30

– 36

Axial - Cadaver +7(+7mm)

R

L

Fxc

+ 80

SP

A

SFG(2)

CS PcA

FB

SFG(1)

CF

CG(1) CS

CCg

SFS

MFG

CNh

P

ST(1)

IFS IFGtr

IFGtr

ICa INsg ICg

IFGtr

VA

V3

IFGop

LS

PrG

INlg

CeS PoG

0

STG LS SMT

MFB

STS

ICp

MTG TTG Hif

STG(1) ST(2)

Fxcr

LVb ITS CCs

STG(2)

POS – 80

AG

CG

GCV LOG

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus FB: Frontal bone Fxc: Fornix, column Fxcr: Fornix, crus

GCV: Great cerebral vein Hif: Hippocampus, fimbria ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus

CF SSS SS Cu CG(2) 0

LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MFB: Medial forebrain bundle MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus Pc: Precuneus PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SP: Septum pellucidum

416

Pc

POS

CalS – 50

SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus ST: Stria terminalis STA: Superfi cial temporal artery STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle VA: Ventral anterior nucleus

AG

LEFT

RIGHT

STA

Axial - MRI +7(+8mm)

R

L

A

CNh

IFS

MFG SFS

SFG CG

CF ACA

CCg

CG

SFS

LVa

P

IFG

IFS

+ 80

IFGtr ICa

GPe

VA

IFGop INsg Pu

CeS

PrG

ICp

RIGHT

Cl

PoG

VL

PoS

0

DM INlg TTG DM VP

Pv

Pv

CNt AG LVtr Tp ILF MTG

CCs

Pc

GCV

LOG

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AG: Angular gyrus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail Cu: Cuneus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus

GCV: Great cerebral vein GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus

SS Cu SSS Cu CalS 0

LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation Pc: Precuneus PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PoS: Postcentral sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

417

Pc LOG

POS

LG – 50

SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus Tp : Tapetum TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus VA: Ventral anterior nucleus VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

OR

– 80

LEFT

VA

CeS

Axial - Cadaver +6(+6mm)

R

+ 80

L

IFS

MFS

A

Fxc

SP SFS

SFG CG CF CCg

CS

FB

SFS

MFG

CNh

P

IFS

IFGtr(1)

ICa

ICg

Pu

IFGtr(2)

EC IFGop

STA

GPe Cl INlg

0

GPll

STG

LS

SMT(1)

ICp STG(1)

STS

VP

V3

STG(2)

LV

Pv SMT(2)

POS MTG - 80

CCs

LOG(1)

LOG(2)

LG CalS GCV

+ 50

CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CeS: Central sulcus CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus EC: External capsule FB: Frontal bone

Fxc: Fornix, column GCV: Great cerebral vein GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus INlg: Insula, long gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus

SS

Cu CbllT

0

LS: Lateral sulcus LV: Lateral ventricle MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus Pc: Precuneus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SP: Septum pellucidum SS: Straight sinus

418

CG

CalS - 50

STA: Superfi cial temporal artery STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus V3: Third ventricle VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

Pc

LEFT

RIGHT

CeS LS

Axial - MRI +6(+6mm)

R

L

CCg

A

IFGob

PcA

SFS CS

CG

CMA

LCF SSS

CMA SFG

IFS

IFGob

P

CNh

+ 80

LVa ICa IFGtr Fxc INsg

Pu

GPll

INsg ICg

IFGop PrG CeS

Cl Gpe

ICp

EmC

PoG

0

LS

VL

TTG

DM STG(1)

STG(1)

VP V3 STG(2) STG(2) Hb LVtr

MFG(1) Tp

CP

Fmj

AG(1) CG

MFG(2)

GCV

LOG

+ 50

AG: Angular gyrus CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CeS: Central sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CP: Choroid plexus CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule

EmC: Extreme capsule Fmj: Forceps major Fxc: Fornix, column GCV: Great cerebral vein Gpe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina Hb: Habenula ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part

CalS SS

Cu SSS(2) Cu LOG CalS 0

IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus INsg: Insula, short gyrus LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MFG: Middle frontal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PcA: Pericallosal artery PoG: Postcentral gyrus POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus

419

POS

AG(2) - 50

Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus Tp: Tapetum TTG: Transverse temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

OR

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

EC

Axial - Cadaver +4(+4mm)

R

+ 80

L

IFS

A

MFG

CCg

CG

CS

SFG FB FrC CF

PcA

CG

SFS

MFG

P

Fxc

IFS IFGtr(1) Csu

IFGtr(2)

MTT

STA

IFGop PrG

V3 MCA LS

LS 0

INlg STG(2): ICa

STS

Pv MTG CNt Hi STS HN SMT ITS

HC

- 80

ITG

MTG

CalS(1)

LOG

LG CalS(2) Cu

+ 50

CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CCs: Corpus callosum, splenium CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CS: Cingulate sulcus CSu: Coronal suture Cu: Cuneus FB: Frontal bone FrC: Frontal crest Fxc: Fornix, column HC: Habenular commissure

Hi: Hippocampus HN: Habenular nucleus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus INlg: Insula, long gyrus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus MCA: Middle cerebral artery

SSS CF

SS

0

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MTT: Mammillothalamic tract PcA: Pericallosal artery POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STA: Superfi cial temporal artery

420

LOG

CalS

POS - 50

STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus V3: Third ventricle

CCs

LEFT

RIGHT

STG(1)

Axial - MRI +4(+4mm)

R

L

ICa

A

CNh

IFGob

SFS

SFG

PcA

CG SSS

LCF SFG

CMA

CCg

IFGob

P

IFGtr

+ 80

Lva INsg

Fxc

GPe

IFGop GPml

V3

GPi LS

MI

EmC

ICp

STG 0

STG(2) V3 STG(3) CNt MTG MTG(1) Hb Hi Hi Fmj Tp OR GCV

LOG(1)

ISS

LOG(2)

+ 50

CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CG: Cingulate gyrus CMA: Callosomarginal artery CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail Cu: Cuneus EmC: Extreme capsule Fmj: Forceps major Fxc: Fornix, column GCV: Great cerebral vein GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment

GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hb: Habenula Hi: Hippocampus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part ILF: Inferior longitudinal fasciculus INsg: Insula, short gyrus ISS: Inferior sagittal sinus LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus

Cu

SSSCu CalS LOG(2) 0

LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MI: Massa intermedia MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PcA: Pericallosal artery SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus Tp: Tapetum V3: Third ventricle

421

LOG(1)

ILF - 50

MTG(2)

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

STG(1)

Axial - Cadaver +4(+4mm)

R

L

A

CNh

+44

LVa

Fxc

LCF

CCg

SCG

BN

P

ICa

LPN GPml

Pu

EC ICg

Gpe

VL Cl DM EmC ICp LEFT

RIGHT

SMT 0

VP

MTT VL

Pv CM DM OR V3 AR

LVtr

CNt Tp CalS - 36

POS

PG

+ 30

AR: Auditory radiation BN: Bed nucleus of stria terminalis CalS: Calcarine sulcus CCg: Corpus callosum, genu Cl: Claustrum CM: Centromedian nucleus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fxc: Fornix, column Gpe: Globus pallidus, external segment

GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina HC: Habenular commissure Hit: Hippocampus, tail HN: Habenular nucleus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LPN: Lateral preoptic nucleus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVtr: Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone MTT: Mammillothalamic tract OR: Optic radiation

HN

HC 0

PcA: Pericallosal artery PG: Pineal gland POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SCG: Subcallosal gyrus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami Tp: Tapetum V3: Third ventricle VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

422

Pv

Hit - 30

Axial - MRI +4(+4mm)

R

L

MI

A

CNh

LVa

LCF

CCg

SCG

Fxc

P

ICa

V3

+ 44

ICg Pu GPml

Gpe

EC

ICp

Gpi

EmC Cl

DM

V3

CM

0

Hb

VP Pv

BV

ICV

CNt

Hi

OR

LVb OR

Tp

GCV + 30

BV: Basal vein CCg: Corpus callosum, genu Cl: Claustrum CM: Centromedian nucleus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail DM: Dorsomedial nucleus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fxc: Fornix, column GCV: Great cerebral vein Gpe: Globus pallidus, external segment Gpi: Globus pallidus, internal segment

GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hb: Habenula Hi: Hippocampus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICg: Internal capsule, genu ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICV: Internal cerebral vein LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn LVb: Lateral ventricle, body MI: Massa intermedia OR: Optic radiation Pu: Putamen

0

Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SCG: Subcallosal gyrus Tp: Tapetum V3: Third ventricle VL: Ventral lateral nucleus VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

423

- 30

- 36

LEFT

RIGHT

VL

Axial - Cadaver +2(+2mm)

R

L

AC

+ 80

A

MFG

CCg

SFS SFG CG

FrC CF

PcA

CG

SFS

CNh

P

Fxc IFS

IFS

Pu IFGtr INsg LS STA

EmC

IFGop

INlg

Hyp GPi GPml 0

STG MCA

SMT STS

Pv Hi STS

HC

CNt

MTG ITS

FR

PG

ITG

ITG - 80

CalS

POS GCV LOG + 50

AC: Anterior commissure CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CCg: Corpus callosum, genu CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail Cu: Cuneus EmC: Extreme capsule FrC: Frontal crest FR: Fasciculus retroflexus Fxc: Fornix, column

GCV: Great cerebral vein Gpi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina HC: Habenular commissure Hi: Hippocampus Hyp: Hypothalamus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus INlg: Insula, long gyrus INsg: Insula, short gyrus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus

Cu

SSS CF 0

LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PcA: Pericallosal artery PG: Pineal gland POS: Parieto-occipital sulcus PrG: Precentral gyrus Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus

424

SS

LG

CbllT

CalS(1) - 50

SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SMT: Stria medullaris thalami SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STA: Superficial temporal artery STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus

OR

LEFT

RIGHT

PrG

Axial - MRI +2(+2mm)

R

L

IFGob(2)

A

Fxc

IFGob(1)

AC SFG

LCF

CG

SFG

Fmi

CNh

IFGob(1)

P

ICa

+ 80

V3 IFGob(2) IN Pu

Gpe

IFGtr LS PrS IFGop IFG Gpi

ICp LS STG 0

VL V3 STG HC HN CNt

Pv MTG(1)

Hi

BV MTG(1) MTG(1) LVb MTG(2) MTG(2) LOG(1)

SS

LOG(2) CalS Cu SSS Cu CalS LG

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure BV: Basal vein CalS: Calcarine sulcus CG: Cingulate gyrus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail Cu: Cuneus Fmi: Forceps minor Fxc: Fornix, column Gpe: Globus pallidus, external segment Gpi: Globus pallidus, internal segment HC: Habenular commissure Hi: Hippocampus

HN: Habenular nucleus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IN: Insula LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVb: Lateral ventricle, body

0

MI: Massa intermedia MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PG: Pineal gland PrS: Precentral sulcus Pu: Putamen SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle VL: Ventral lateral nucleus

425

LOG

PG - 50

OR

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

MI

Axial - Cadaver ±0(±0mm)

R

L

IFS

+ 80

Fxc

A

MFG

AC

SFS SFG CalS CF CgS ACA

SFG

SFS

CNh

P

IFS IFGtr

IFGtr

MTT DH LS LS IFGop MCA

IN

GPll

STG(1)

GPml

0

LEFT

RIGHT

GPi

ICp ICa STG STG V3

FR

MTG

CNt

PC

STS

ITS

Hi

PG Lva

ITG - 80

ITG GCV

LOG

Cul

CalS Cl

+ 50 AC: Anterior commissure ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CS: Cingulate sulcus Cul: Culmen DH: Dorsal hypothalamus FR: Fasciculus retroflexus Fxc: Fornix, column

GCV: Great cerebral vein GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus IN: Insula ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus

SSS

CF SS

0 LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MTT: Mammillothalamic tract PC: Posterior commissure PG: Pineal gland SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

426

LOG

CbllT

LOG - 50

STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus V3: Third ventricle

CalS

Axial - MRI ±0(±0mm)

R

L

A

IFGob(2)

Fxc IFGob(1)

SFG

ACA

LCF

SFG

Fmi

MFG(1)

P

MFG(2)

+ 80

MI ICa IFGtr

IFGtr

IN AC

LS EmC

STG(1)

LS ICp

MTG(1)

EC 0

STG

STG(2)

V3

Pv

CNt

MTG(1) PC

MTG(2) Hi

MTG(2)

LVp MTG(3)

MTG(3) BV

LOG

SS

CalS

+ 50

AC: Anterior commissure ACA: Anterior cerebral artery BV: Basal vein CalS: Calcarine sulcus Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail Cu: Cuneus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fmi: Forceps minor Fxc: Fornix, column Hi: Hippocampus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb

ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IN: Insula LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MI: Massa intermedia MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation

Cu

SSS 0

PC: Posterior commissure PG: Pineal gland PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle

427

CalS

LG

PG

LOG - 50

OR

PHG

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

Cl

Axial - Cadaver ±0(±0mm)

R

L

A

ICa

+ 44

Fxc

Fmi

ACA

SG

AC

BN

P

CNh ICa

EC

NA

GPll

Cl

Gpe LS EmC

Pu

ICg

GPml Gpi CeSIN

RIGHT

EC 0

ICp

AR Pv

VP

Hi

CM ZI

Hia CNt Hif LVp OR CP Tp - 36

V3

PHG

CalS + 30

AC: Anterior commissure ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AR: Auditory radiation BN: Bed nucleus of stria terminalis CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CeSIN: Central sulcus of insula Cl: Claustrum CM: Centromedian nucleus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CP: Choroid plexus Cul: Culmen

PC

CbllT

Cul

PG

LG

0

DH: Dorsal hypothalamus ICg: Internal capsule, genu EC: External capsule ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb EmC: Extreme capsule LG: Lingual gyrus Fmi: Forceps minor LS: Lateral sulcus Fxc: Fornix, column LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn Gpe: Globus pallidus, external segment MTT: Mammillothalamic tract Gpi: Globus pallidus, internal segment NA: Nucleus accumbens GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina OR: Optic radiation GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina PC: Posterior commissure PG: Pineal gland Hi: Hippocampus PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus Ptc: Pretectum Hif: hippocampus, fimbria Pu: Putamen ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb

428

CalS - 30

Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SG: Straight gyrus Tp: Tapetum V3: Third ventricle VP: Ventral posterior nucleus ZI: Zona incerta

Ptc

LEFT

MTT

DH

Axial - MRI ±0(±0mm)

R

L

V3

A

ICa

CNh

Fx

AC

BN

P

GPII

+ 44

Gpe Pu

Gpi CM GPml

VP

EmC

EC Pv

0

MTT

CNt ICp

AR CP

LGN OR

LVp Hi

PHG

BV

+ 30

AC: Anterior commissure AR: Auditory radiation BN: Bed nucleus of stria terminalis BV: Basal vein Cl: Claustrum CM: Centromedian nucleus CN: Caudate nucleus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CP: Choroid plexus EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fxc: Fornix, column

Gpe: Globus pallidus, external segment Gpi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina Hi: Hippocampus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus MTT: Mammillothalamic tract OR: Optic radiation PC: Posterior commissure

PC

- 36

MGN 0

PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Pu: Putamen Pv: Pulvinar nucleus V3: Third ventricle VP: Ventral posterior nucleus

429

- 30

LEFT

RIGHT

Cl

Axial - Cadaver −2(−2mm)

R

L

IFS

+ 80

A

MFG

MFG

SFS

SFG CS CG

CF

ACA CS SFG

CG

MFG

P

CNh

MFG IFGtr

EC

Fxc

LS AC EmC

STA STG

GPe

SFS

MCA(1)

STN 0

GPi

ICp

MCA(2)

LGN

STN

MGN

STG

Pv CNt

MTG

STS

V3 ITS

Hif ITG LVp

PC - 80

LG

ITG ICV

GCV Cul

LOG

+ 50 AC: Anterior commissure ACA: Anterior cerebral artery CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CS: Cingulate sulcus Cu: Cuneus Cul: Culmen

EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule Fxc: Fornix, column GCV: Great cerebral vein GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment Hif: hippocampus, fimbria ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb ICV: Internal cerebral vein IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IFS: Inferior frontal sulcus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus

Cu

SSS CF SS CalS 0

LG: Lingual gyrus LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation PC: Posterior commissure Pv: Pulvinar nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus

430

CbllT LG

LOG - 50

SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STA: Superficial temporal artery STG: Superior temporal gyrus STN: Subthalamic nucleus STS: Superior temporal sulcus V3: Third ventricle

OR

LEFT

RIGHT

Cl

Axial - MRI −2(−2mm)

R

L

A

ICa

CNh

MObG

SG

LCF

ACA SFG

Fxc

P

MTT

MFG

+ 80 LOG

GPll

LS GPe

V3

Pu

STG(1)

GPml STG

STN

ICp STN

0 STG(2)

RN

LGN LGN CNt MGN

PC

Hi

CP BV

MTG LVp PHG

PHG

SC

OR

LOG CalS(1) CalS(2)

+ 50 ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Aq: Aqueduct BV: Basal vein CalS: Calcarine sulcus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CP: Choroid plexus Cul: Culmen Fxc: Fornix, column GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment GPll: Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina GPml: Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina

Hi: Hippocampus ICa: Internal capsule, anterior limb ICp: Internal capsule, posterior limb LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LG: Lingual gyrus LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVp: Lateral ventricle, posterior horn MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus

SSS

SS

LG

CalS

0 MTT: Mammillothalamic tract OR: Optic radiation PC: Posterior commissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus Pu: Putamen RN: Red nucleus SC: Superior colliculus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STN: Subthalamic nucleus

431

Cul

- 50 V3: Third ventricle

Aq

OR

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

GPi

Axial - Cadaver −4(−4mm)

R

L

MCA

+ 80

A

Fxc

MFG

SFG CG

LCF CF

ACA SFG

SFS

CNh

P

UF Pu

IFGtr GPi

LS

LS

IN EmC AC STG

AC

MCA

Hyp

LEFT

RIGHT

GPe STS 0

CrC

MTT

MTG LGN CNt

LVi Hi

LVi

V3

STN

ITG

PC - 80

Aq

GCV

Cul

+ 50 AC: Anterior commissure ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Aq: Aqueduct CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CG: Cingulate gyrus CNh: Caudate nucleus, head CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CrC: Crus cerebri Cul: Culmen EmC: Extreme capsule Fxc: Fornix, column GCV: Great cerebral vein

GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment Hi: Hippocampus Hyp: Hypothalamus IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IN: Insula ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery

SSS

SS 0

MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MTT: Mammillothalamic tract MTT: Mammillothalamic tract OR: Optic radiation PC: Posterior commissure Pu: Putamen SCbllV: Superior cerebellar vein SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SFS: Superior frontal sulcus SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus

432

CbllT

LOG

SCbllV - 50

STN: Subthalamic nucleus STS: Superior temporal sulcus UF: Uncinate fasciculus V3: Third ventricle

OR

Axial - MRI −4(−4mm)

R

L

A

LObG

MObG

LT

LCF

SG

MObG

P

V3

IFG

+ 80

LObG

MTT Fxc

STG(1) AL CrC

SN

STG(2)

0

RN MGN BV STG PHG Hi MTG

PHG

Hi MFG Aq OR

ColS

SS + 50

AL: Ansa lenticularis Aq: Aqueduct BV: Basal vein CalS: Calcarine sulcus Cl: Claustrum ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri Cul: Culmen Fxc: Fornix, column Hi: Hippocampus IFG: Inferior frontal gyrus LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LG: Lingual gyrus

LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LT: Lamina terminalis MFG: Middle frontal gyrus MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MTT: Mammillothalamic tract OR: Optic radiation PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus RN: Red nucleus SC: Superior colliculus SG: Straight gyrus

LG

CalS

SSS Cul 0

SN: Substantia nigra SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus V3: Third ventricle

433

CalS

LOG

SC - 50

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

Cl

Axial - cadaver −4(−4mm)

R

L

A

Pu

+ 44

Fxc

LCF

CG

ACA

POA

P

EC

EC

Pu

GPe

Cl

EmC

MCA IN AC

AC

EmC GPi OT GPe

Pu 0

STN

CrC STN

LGN

OR CNt LGN Hif Hi Hi LVi

MGN

MGN HiS - 36

ColS

FR

PC

+ 30 AC: Anterior commissure ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Aq: Aqueduct CG: Cingulate gyrus Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri Cul: Culmen EC: External capsule EmC: Extreme capsule FR: Fasciculus retroflexus Fxc: Fornix, column

GCV: Great cerebral vein GPe: Globus pallidus, external segment GPi: Globus pallidus, internal segment Hb: Habenula Hi: Hippocampus Hif: hippocampus, fimbria HiS: Hippocampal sulcus IN: Insula LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus

GCV

Cul

Aq 0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTT: Mammillothalamic tract OR: Optic radiation OT: Optic tract PC: Posterior commissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus POA: Preoptic area Pu: Putamen STN: Subthalamic nucleus V3: Third ventricle

434

MOTG PHG

Hb - 30

V3

LEFT

RIGHT

MTT

Axial - MRI −4(−4mm)

R

L

A

CNh

Fxc

LT

V3

P

ACA

Hyp

+ 44

MFB MTT FR

IN OT AL

CrC

SN

SN

0

RN

LGN

MGN ML CTT Hi OR CGS

ColS

MOTG

SC

CL 0

+ 30

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery AL: Ansa lenticularis Aq: Aqueduct BV: Basal vein CGS: Central gray substance CL: Central lobule CNh: Caudate nucleus, head ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CTT: Central tegmental tract FR: Fasciculus retroflexus Fxc: Fornix, column Hi: Hippocampus

Hyp: Hypothalamus IN: Insula LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LT: Lamina terminalis MFB: Medial forebrain bundle MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus ML: Medial lemniscus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTT: Mammillothalamic tract OR: Optic radiation OT: Optic tract PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus RN: Red nucleus

Aq

SC: Superior colliculus SN: Substantia nigra V3: Third ventricle

435

SC

BV

PHG - 30

- 36

LEFT

RIGHT

CrC

Axial - cadaver −6(−6mm)

R

L

IFGtr

+ 80

A

IFGob

V3

SFG

ACA

FrC

CF

CgS

Fxc

NA

Pu

P

EC Cl LS

MCA

EmC IN STG Hyp AC PCA MCA STS GP OT

MTG

VTA

CrC

MTT

0

VTA

LGN

LGN SN CNt

LVi

RaN Hi

MGN

RN MLF PCA

STT

MOTG - 80

Aq

CalS

LOG

Cul

+ 50 AC: Anterior commissure ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus Aq: Aqueduct CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus Cul: Culmen EC: External capsule

EmC: Extreme capsule FrC: Frontal crest Fxc: Fornix, column GP: Globus pallidus Hi: Hippocampus Hyp: Hypothalamus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part IFGtr: Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part IN: Insula LG: Lingual gyrus LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus

SSS

SS

LG(2) CbllT

0 LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MTT: Mammillothalamic tract NA: Nucleus accumbens OT: Opitc tract PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure Pu: Putamen RaN: Raphe nucleus

436

PF

LG(1) - 50

RN: Red nucleus SFG: Superior frontal gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus STT: Spinothalamic tract V3: Third ventricle VTA: Ventral tegmental area

CalS

LEFT

RIGHT

Amg

Axial - MRI −6(−6mm)

R

L

MTT

A

MObG

ACA

LT

SG

SCG

MObG

V3

P

LObG

+ 80

Fxc

STG

LS IPF SN SN STG CrC

RN MGN

0

LGN

BV

STT

Aq

Hi Hi MTG PHG

PHG

SC MTG OR ColS

LOG + 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Aq: Aqueduct BV: Basal vein CalS: Calcarine sulcus ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri Cul: Culmen Fxc: Fornix, column Hi: Hippocampus IPF: Interpeduncular fossa LG: Lingual gyrus LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus

LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LT: Lamina terminalis MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus ML: Medial lemniscus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MTT: Mammillothalamic tract OR: Optic radiation PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus RN: Red nucleus SC: Superior colliculus SCG: Subcallosal gyrus

LG

CalS SS

SSS CalS 0

SG: Straight gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STT: Spinothalamic tract V3: Third ventricle

437

Cul

LOG

ColS - 50

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

ML

Axial - cadaver −8(−8mm)

R

L

A

OT

+ 80

MTT

ACA

CF

SG

Fxc

P

OT MCA(1)

SN

LS Amg

MCA(2)

STG

CrC Cl

MTG

MTG 0

LVi MTT

RN PHG

CNt Hi

ITG

VTA STT

MLF

Aq

ColS PCA MOTG(1)

MOTG(2)

- 80

MOTG

CalS

LOG

AQL CL

+ 50 ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus Aq: Aqueduct AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CL: Central lobule Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri Cul: Culmen

Dc: Declive Fxc: Fornix, column Hi: Hippocampus Hyp: Hypothalamus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LG: Lingual gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus

Cul

SSS

SS 0

MTT: Mammillothalamic tract OT: Optic tract PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus RN: Red nucleus SG: Straight gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus STT: Spinothalamic tract

438

Dc

CbllT

PF

LOG - 50

LG

LEFT

RIGHT

STS

Axial - MRI −8(−8mm)

R

L

LObG

A

MObG

ACA(1)

SoR

LCF

SG

LT

ACA

MObG

P

LObG

MCA

+ 80

ACA(2)

LS OT

IPF MB STG Un CrC

STG

RN

0

MTG(1) ColS ColS(1)

Hi ITG

BV

MTG(2)

PHG

ColS(2) OR PHG

Aq Icol

IcF

LG

+ 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Aq: Aqueduct BV: Basal vein CalS: Calcarine sulcus CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri Cul: Culmen Hi: Hippocampus IcF: Intraculminate fissure Icol: Inferior colliculus IPF: Interpeduncular fossa ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus

LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LG: Lingual gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LT: Lamina terminalis MB: Mammillary body MCA: Middle cerebral artery MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OR: Optic radiation OT: Optic tract

CalS SS

SSS

LG

0

PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus RN: Red nucleus SG: Straight gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SoR: Supraoptic recess SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus Un: Uncus

439

CalS

LOG

Cul - 50

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

SN CNt

Axial - cadaver −8(−8mm)

R

+ 44

L

A

MFB

V3

LT

CG

ACA

SG

P

POA OlS SI

MCA

Fxc OT

OT

Un

CrC

Cl

MTT

Amg 0

CrC PCA

Hia

CNt

SNc

LVi

RN LGN

ML MGN - 36

CtT Cols

STT

Cbllt

+ 30

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus Cbllt: Cerebellar tentorium CG: Cingulate gyrus Cg: Cingulum CL: Central lobule Cl: Claustrum CNt: Caudate nucleus, tail ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CtT: Cerebellothalamic tract Cul: Culmen Fxc: Fornix, column

Hia: Hippocampus, alveus Hyp: Hypothalamus LGN: Lateral geniculate nucleus LT: Lamina terminalis LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MFB: Medial forebrain bundle MGN: Medial geniculate nucleus ML: Medial lemniscus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MpT: Mesopontine tegmentum MTT: Mammillothalamic tract OlS: Olfactory sulcus

MpT

Cul

SC

0

OT: Opitc tract PCA: Posterior cerebral artery POA: Preoptic area RN: Red nucleus SC: Superior colliculus SG: Straight gyrus SI: Substantia innominata SNc: Substantia nigra, pars compacta SNr: Substantia nigra, pars reticularis STT: Spinothalamic tract Un: Uncus V3: Third ventricle

440

PCA

MOTG DTA

Cg - 30

ColS

LEFT

RIGHT

SNr

Axial - MRI −8(−8mm)

R

L

Hyp

A

Ib

LT

SoR

V3

Hypa

P

ACA

LS

+ 44

Hyp

MCAM1

MCA

OT Un MB PCA

PCA(1)

IPF

Amg

SN

CrC

0

PCA(2)

PCAa

RN Hi

Hi

PHG PHG OR ColS

PCApo + 30

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus Aq: Aqueduct CL: Central lobule ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri Cul: Culmen Hi: Hippocampus Hi: Hippocampus Hyp: Hypothalamus Hyp: Hypothalamus Hypa: Hypothalamus, anterior Hypm: Hypothalamus, middle

Aq

CL Cul

Icol

0

Ib: Infundibulum branch Icol: Inferior colliculus PCApo: Posterior cerebral artery, parieto-occipital branch IPF: Interpeduncular fossa PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus RN: Red nucleus LT: Lamina terminalis SN: Substantia nigra MB: Mammillary body SoR: Supraoptic recess MCA: Middle cerebral artery MCAM1: Middle cerebral artery M1 segment Un: Uncus V3: Third ventricle OR: Optic radiation OT: Optic tract PaG: Periaqueductal gray substance PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PCAa: Posterior cerebral artery, anterior temporal

441

PaG

ColS - 30

- 36

LEFT

RIGHT

SN

Axial - cadaver −10(−10mm)

R

L

Fxc

+ 80

A

MTT

Ol

MObG

SG

CF

ACA

CgS

SG

LObG

OIS

P

Hyp

IFGob

MCA(1)

OT

OT

LS

MCA

MCA(2)

PCA

STG

SN

Amg VTA

0

CrC

Hia

DG

ML

LV

HiS

Hi N3N CTT Aq PHG ColS STT SC

PCA OTS

MOTG - 80

LG

CbllT

AQL

CL

+ 50 ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus Aq: Aqueduct AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CL: Central lobule ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus CTT: Central tegmental tract Cul: Culmen DG: Dentate gyrus

Fxc: Fornix, column Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus HiS: Hippocampal sulcus Hyp: Hypothalamus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part LG: Lingual gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus MCA: Middle cerebral artery ML: Medial lemniscus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

PcF

SSS

SS

Cul

0 N3N: Oculomotor nerve nucleu OlS: Olfactory sulcus OT: Optic tract OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule RN: Red nucleus SC: Superior colliculus SG: Straight gyrus SN: Substantia nigra

442

PQL

PF

MOTG - 50

SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STT: Spinothalamic tract

ColS

LEFT

RIGHT

RN

Axial - MRI −10(−10mm)

R

L

A

LObG

Ib

MObG

SG

OC

SG Hyp

MObG

ACA

P

OT

+ 80

MCA OT

LS LS MTG(1)

N3

N3

Amg

Amg IPF

CrC 0

SN

RN

MTG(2) MTG Hi PCA OR PHG ColS

N4

Icol ITG AQL

PF

Cula + 50

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus Aq: Aqueduct AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CalS: Calcarine sulcus CL: Central lobule ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri Cula: Culmen, anterior Culp: Culmen, posterior Hi: Hippocampus Hyp: Hypothalamus Ib: Infundibulum

IcF: Intraculminate fissure Icol: Inferior colliculus IPF: Interpeduncular fossa ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus MB: Mammillary body MCA: Middle cerebral artery MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve

Culp

SS

SSS CalS 0

OC: Optic chiasm OR: Optic radiation OT: Optic tract PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus RN: Red nucleus SG: Straight gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus

443

IcF

CL LOG

Aq - 50

PHG

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

MB

Axial - cadaver −12(−12mm)

R

L

IFGob

+ 80

A

MB

OT

MObG

OlS

SG

FB CF

CgS

ACA

SG

MObG

P

Hyp Oltr

LS LS MCA(1)

OT

MCA(2)

MCA

Amg

STG

SNc

SN

MTG 0

Hi RaN

LVi

Aq

ML

SC

STT PCA

OTS ITG MOTG ColS TS

- 80

OTS OTS

CbllT

Lg

CL

Cul

+ 50 ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus Aq: Aqueduct AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CL: Central lobule ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CS: Cingulate sulcus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive FB: Frontal bone

Hi: Hippocampus Hyp: Hypothalamus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus Lg: Lingula LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MB: Mammillary body MCA: Middle cerebral artery ML: Medial lemniscus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

SSS

SS

Dc

0 MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OlS: Olfactory sulcus Oltr: Olfactory trigone OT: Optic tract OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure RaN: Raphe nucleus SC: Superior colliculus SG: Straight gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SNc: Substantia nigra, pars compacta SS: Straight sinus

444

PQL

PF - 50

SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STT: Spinothalamic tract TS: Transverse sinus

AQL

LEFT

RIGHT

CrC

Axial - MRI −12(−12mm)

R

L

STG

A

MCA

ICA

SG

ObG

AdH

ICA

P

MCA

+ 80

LS Un

STG

Amg

Amg

IPF

PCA MTG

RIGHT

Hi

0

ML PHG ColS ITG PCA OR ITG Aq AQL CLw

Lg

CL

OTS

OTS LOG Cula Culp

MOTG + 50

AdH: Adenohypophysis Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus Aq: Aqueduct CalS: Calcarine sulcus CfS: Confluence of sinuses CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri Cula: Culmen, anterior Culp: Culmen, posterior Hi: Hippocampus ICA: Internal carotid artery

IcF: Intraculminate fissure IPF: Interpeduncular fossa ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus Lg: Lingula LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus MCA: Middle cerebral artery ML: Medial lemniscus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus ObG: Orbital gyrus OR: Optic radiation OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus

SS SSS CfS TS CalS(2) CalS(1) PF IcF 0

PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus SG: Straight gyrus SN: Substantia nigra SS: Straight sinus SSS: Superior sagittal sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus Un: Uncus

445

PcF - 50

AQL

- 80

LEFT

SN

CrC

Axial - cadaver −12(−12mm)

R

L

A

MB

+ 44

OlS

SG

ACA

Hyp

P

V3

OT

Fxc

MCA OT LS MTT

VTA

Amg LVi

Hi

Hi 0

HiS CrC LVi ML SNr

PHG

MpT SNc SC

- 36

CLw

AQL

Aq

+ 30

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus Aq: Aqueduct AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CGS: Central gray substance CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing CrC: Crus cerebri Cul: Culmen Fxc: Fornix, column Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus HiS: Hippocampal sulcus

Hyp: Hypothalamus Lg: Lingula LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MB: Mammillary body MCA: Middle cerebral artery ML: Medial lemniscus MpT: Mesopontine tegmentum OlS: Olfactory sulcus OT: Optic tract PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus RaN: Raphe nucleus

CL Cul

Lg

CGS

0

RN: Red nucleus SC: Superior colliculus SG: Straight gyrus SNc: Substantia nigra, pars compacta SNr: Substantia nigra, pars reticularis STT: Spinothalamic tract V3: Third ventricle VTA: Ventral tegmental area

446

STT

PCA - 30

RN

LEFT

RIGHT

Hia

Axial - MRI −12(−12mm)

R

L

Un

A

Ad H

MCA

P

ICA

+ 44

PCA

SN CrC

SN LVi

Hi

Hi

0

ML

PHG ColS PHG

MpT

ColS N3N PCA

ICol

N4

SCbllA

MLF

+ 30

AdH: Adenohypophysis Aq: Aqueduct CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri Hi: Hippocampus ICA: Internal carotid artery ICol: Inferior colliculus Lg: Lingula LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery ML: Medial lemniscus

Lg

CL 0

MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MpT: Mesopontine tegmentum N3N: Oculomotor nerve nucleu N4: Trochlear nerve PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PcF: Preculminate fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SN: Substantia nigra Un: Uncus

447

PcF

Aq

- 36

CLw - 30

LEFT

RIGHT

LVi

Axial - cadaver −14(−14mm)

R

L

IFGo p

+ 80

A

MB

Fxc

FcN

OlS

SS

CF

FB

Hyp

FrN

MObG

P

Oltr

OT

LObG MCA LS

MCA RN

Amg

STG STS

STS CrC

RIGHT

0

MTG

PCA

CTT

SN

TB

ColS

OTS N4

PCA

CLw PHG ITG

ColS

MOTG

AQL

TS

- 80

PrF

LOG

ICol

Lg

+ 50 Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus Aq: Aqueduct AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CF: Cerebral falx CfS: Confluence of sinuses CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CTT: Central tegmental tract Dc: Declive FB: Frontal bone FrN: Frontal nerve

Fxc: Fornix, column Hi: Hippocampus Hyp: Hypothalamus ICol: Inferior colliculus IFGop: Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus Lg: Lingula LObG: Lateral orbital gyrus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus MB: Mammillary body MCA: Middle cerebral artery MObG: Medial orbital gyrus

CL

OB CfS

Dc

0 MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N4: Trochlear nerve OB: Occipital bone OlS: Olfactory sulcus Oltr: Olfactory trigone OT: Optic tract OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PrF: Precentral fissure

448

PcF

PF

Aq

- 50 RN: Red nucleus SN: Substantia nigra SS: Straight sinus STS: Superior temporal sulcus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone TS: Transverse sinus

MOTG

LEFT

Hi

MTG

Axial - MRI −14(−14mm)

R

L

STG

A

MCA

ICA

OlB&T

LCF

Amg

P

MCA

STG

+ 80

LS Un

PCA(1)

LVi Hi

MTG

CrC

PHG(1)

LVi

0

SCPd PCA ColS MOTG

PCA(2)

PHG(2) LL OTS ITG CLw OTS

ColS

AQL Lg

CL

Cula

+ 50

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus Aq: Aqueduct AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri Cula: Culmen, anterior Culp: Culmen, posterior Hi: Hippocampus ICA: Internal carotid artery IcF: Intraculminate fissure

ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure LG: Lingual gyrus Lg: Lingula LL: Lateral lemniscus LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OlB&T: Olfactory bulb and tract OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus

Culp

LG

SS

TS PF 0

PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SN: Substantia nigra SS: Straight sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus TS: Transverse sinus Un: Uncus

449

LOG

IcF

PcF - 50

Aq

OTS- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

SN

Axial - cadaver −15(−15mm)

R

+ 80

L

IFGob

A

MB

OT

OlS

SG

FB

CF

Hyp

MObG

Oltr

P

LOG

LS RN

MCA

CTT

N3

STG LVi

STS

STS MTG(1)

MTG 0

CrC

Hi

PCA

MTG(2) PHG

SN ColS

ColS(1)

N4

PCA N4

ITG MOTG

ColS(2)

OTS CLw

- 80

TS

ICol

Lg

CL

+ 50 Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus Aq: Aqueduct AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CF: Cerebral falx CfS: Confluence of sinuses CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri CTT: Central tegmental tract Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive FB: Frontal bone

Hi: Hippocampus Hyp: Hypothalamus ICol: Inferior colliculus IFGob: Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus Lg: Lingula LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LS: Lateral sulcus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MB: Mammillary body MCA: Middle cerebral artery MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

Dc

CfS

Cul Aq 0

MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve OlS: Olfactory sulcus Oltr: Olfactory trigone OT: Optic tract OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule RN: Red nucleus SG: Straight gyrus

450

PQL

PF

LOG - 50

SN: Substantia nigra STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus

AQL

LEFT

RIGHT

Amg

Axial - MRI −15(−16mm)

R

L

A

Amg

PCA

BA

P

PCA

+ 80

MCA

Hi

CrC LVa MTG

PHG

ITS

ColS

MOTG

OTS 0

OTS(1)

MLF

ITG(1)

ITG(1)

ICol

MLF

CLw

Aq

Lg

PcF AQL

OTS(2)

ITG(2)

PF

+ 50 Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus Aq: Aqueduct AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BA: Basilar artery CfS: Confl uence of sinuses CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri Cula: Culmen, anterior Culp: Culmen, posterior Hi: Hippocampus IcF: Intraculminate fi ssure

ICol: Inferior colliculus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus Lg: Lingula LVa: Lateral ventricle, anterior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure

PQL

SS

CfS

0

PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule SS: Straight sinus

451

Culp

IcF

Cula - 50

CL

ITG(2)

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

ColS

Axial - Cadaver –16(–16mm)

R

+ 80

L

ON

A

SRM

FrN MObG

SG

FB

FrC

OlS

CF

LPS

SRM

P

ICA SfS

OC MCA

MCA SB

STG

Hyp

STS MTG

OT

0

V3 LVi

ColS

Hi PCA MTG CLw OTS ITG SN ITG MOTG Lg

CbllT

LOG – 80

TS + 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CfS: Confluence of sinuses CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus Dc: Declive FB: Frontal bone FrC: Frontal crest FrN: Frontal nerve Hi: Hippocampus Hyp: Hypothalamus

PrF

CL

CfS

Dc: IOP

LG

0

MTG: Middle temporal gyrus ICA: Internal carotid artery OC: Optic chiasm IOP: Internal occipital protuberance OlS: Olfactory sulcus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ON: Optic nerve LamS: Lambdoid suture OT: Optic tract LG: Lingual gyrus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus Lg: Lingula PCA: Posterior cerebral artery LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LPS: Levator palpebrae superioris muscle PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrF: Precentral fissure LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn SB: Sphenoid bone MB: Mammillary body SfS: Sphenofrontal suture MCA: Middle cerebral artery SG: Straight gyrus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus SN: Substantia nigra MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

452

PQL

AQL

LamS – 50

SRM: Superior rectus muscle STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus V3: Third ventricle

LEFT

RIGHT

MB

Axial - MRI –16(–18mm)

R

L

A

Amg

PCoA

PCA

BA

PCA

PCoA

P

PHG(1)

+ 80

MCA Hi

PHG LVi MTG

PN

MTG

ITS

ColS 0

PHG(2)

MOTG

OTS(1)

ITG

ITG MLF SCP V4

CLw

PcF

Lg

CL AQL OTS(2)

PF

PQL

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus BA: Basilar artery CfS: Confluence of sinuses CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus Cula: Culmen, anterior Culp: Culmen, posterior Dc: Declive Hi: Hippocampus IcF: Intraculminate fissure ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus

ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus Lg: Lingula LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PcF: Preculminate fissure PCoA: Posterior communicating artery PF: Primary fissure

SS CfS

Dc Culp

0

PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SS: Straight sinus V4: Fourth ventricle

453

IcF

LOG

Cula – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

ColS

Axial - Cadaver –16(–16mm)

R

L

ON

+ 44

A

ACA

OlS

LCF

SS

OlS

MObG

P

OC

OlT

ICA Oltr Hyp OT N3 MCA CrC V3 SN Un PHG

Amg

Hia

Hi 0

MB

OR

HiS MLF PCA N4

RN

LL ColS ICol ML CLw

MpT CGS

ICc – 36

PQL

PrF

+ 30

ACA: Anterior cerebral artery Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus: Aq: Aqueduct AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CGS: Central gray substance CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri Cul: Culmen Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus HiS: Hippocampal sulcus

Hyp: Hypothalamus ICA: Internal carotid artery ICc: Commissure of inferior colliculus ICol: Inferior colliculus LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure Lg: Lingula LL: Lateral lemniscus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MB: Mammillary body MCA: Middle cerebral artery ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus

Cul

CL

Lg

AQL

0

MpT: Mesopontine tegmentum N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve OC: Optic chiasm OlS: Olfactory sulcus OlT: Olfactory tract Oltr: Olfactory trigone ON: Optic nerve OR: Optic radiation OT: Optic tract PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule

454

Aq – 30

PrF: Precentral fissure RN: Red nucleus SN: Substantia nigra SS: Straight sinus Un: Uncus V3: Third ventricle

LEFT

RIGHT

LVi

Axial - MRI –16(–18mm)

R

L

A

MCA

Amg

BA

P

PN

+ 44

PCA MTG

CbllT

Hi

Hi ML Hia

RIGHT

0

ColS PHG

MLF

SCP MpT V4

LL CLw

SCP SMV AQL + 30

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus: AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BA: Basilar artery CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus Lg: Lingula LL: Lateral lemniscus LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery

CL 0

ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MpT: Mesopontine tegmentum MTG: Middle temporal gyrus NC: Nucleus ceruleus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMV: Superior medullary velum V4: Fourth ventricle

455

Lg

NC – 30

– 36

LEFT

LVi

PHG

Axial - Cadaver –18(–18mm)

R

L

A

SRM

– 80

LPS

OptN MObG

FSi

FB CF SG OlS

SRM SOM

OptN

P

ON

OC

OT

AdH

Dur MCA

STS Amg Ib CrC PCA STS

STS

LVi Hi ITS

ITS 0

RaN

SNc

PCA MLF

OTS

OTS

SMV IcF

ITG AQL MOTG CbllT

– 80

PcF

PQL

NC

TS

CLw

PSF Lg

PrF

CL

Cul

+ 50

AdH: Adenohypophysis Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CF: Cerebral falx CfS: Confluence of sinuses CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing CrC: Crus cerebri: Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive Dur: Dura mater FB: Frontal bone

FSi: Frontal sinus Hi: Hippocampus Ib: Infundibulum IcF: Intraculminate fissure ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus Lg: Lingula LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LPS: Levator palpebrae superioris muscle LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MCA: Middle cerebral artery MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus

OB CfS

Dc

0

MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus NC: Nucleus ceruleus OB: Occipital bone OC: Optic chiasm OlS: Olfactory sulcus ON: Optic nerve OptN: Ophthalmic nerve OT: Optic tract OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure

456

PF

LOG

SSL – 50

PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrF: Precentral fissure PSF: Posterior superior fissure RaN: Raphe nucleus SG: Straight gyrus SMV: Superior medullary velum SNc: Substantia nigra, pars compacta SOM: Superior oblique muscle SRM: Superior rectus muscle SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STS: Superior temporal sulcus TS: Transverse sinus

LEFT

RIGHT

MTG

Axial - MRI –18(–20mm)

R

L

A

PCA(1)

TPF

NC

BA

PPC

TPF

Hi

P

PHG

+ 80

SCbllA

MTG

MTG

Hi

ITG

MLF PHG

0

LL SMV

ML

ITG CTT OTS CLw Lg PCA(2) CL

SCP Cul V4

AQL

PQL

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BA: Basilar artery CfS: Confluence of sinuses CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CTT: Central tegmental tract Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive Hi: Hippocampus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus Lg: Lingula LL: Lateral lemniscus

ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus NC: Nucleus ceruleus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PPC: Prepontine cistern PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle

PF

SS CfS 0

SMV: Superior medullary velum SS: Straight sinus TPF: Transverse pontine fibers TS: Transverse sinus V4: Fourth ventricle

457

TS

Dc – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

ColS MOTG

Axial - Cadaver –20(–20mm)

R

L

PCA

+ 80

A

SRM

LPS

SOM

OlS

CrG

SG

MObG

SRM

PiG

P

N3 STG

MCA

STG STS

Amg

STS

MTG TB

Hi MTG

LL

0

ITS CLw

ITS

ITG NC OTS AQL MOTG

MOTG

CbllT

Lg

PB PQL

TB

PSF PMS PF

– 80

AQL

TS

PrF

Cul

+ 50

Amg: Amygdaloid nucleus: AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CfS: Confluence of sinuses CLw: Central lobule, wing CrG: Crista galli Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive Hi: Hippocampus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus Lg: Lingula LL: Lateral lemniscus

LOG: Lateral occipital gyrus LPS: Levator palpebrae superioris muscle MCA: Middle cerebral artery MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve NC: Nucleus ceruleus OlS: Olfactory sulcus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PB: Parietal bone PCA: Posterior cerebral artery

Tu

CfS

Dc LOG

PrF

NC

0

PF: Primary fissure PiG: Pituitary gland PMS: Parietomastoid suture PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PrF: Precentral fissure PSF: Posterior superior fissure SG: Straight gyrus SOM: Superior oblique muscle SRM: Superior rectus muscle SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone

458

SSL – 50

TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber

LEFT

RIGHT

MLF

Axial - MRI –20(–22mm)

R

L

MTG(1)

A

LVi

TPF

V4

BA

PN

PPC

Ncu

P

Amg

+ 80

MTG STS

Hi

MTG(2)

PHG

MOTG

SCbllA 0

CLw ColS

AQL SCP ITG

ColS

OTS PQL Lg

CL Cul PQL

SS

CfS

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BA: Basilar artery CfS: Confluence of sinuses CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive Hi: Hippocampus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus Lg: Lingula LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

MTG: Middle temporal gyrus Ncu: Nucleus cuneatus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus PPC: Prepontine cistern PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule SCbllA: Superior cerebellar artery SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SS: Straight sinus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TPF: Transverse pontine fibers

0

TS: Transverse sinus V4: Fourth ventricle

459

Dc

TS

PF – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

MOTG

Axial - Cadaver –20(–20mm)

R

L

A

MObG

+ 44

OlS

LCF SG

MObG

Oltr

P

AdH ICA

ON NH

ICA

N3

N3

VTA PHG

BA

0

Hia

SNc

Hi

SNr

SN

SCPd LEFT

RIGHT

CrC

N4 ColS ColS

N4 MOTG

ML

MLF

MpT CLw

NC

SCP

Lg

AQL (1) – 36

AQL

CL + 30

AdH: Adenohypophysis AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BA: Basilar artery CbllC: Cerebellar commissure CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CrC: Crus cerebri: Cul: Culmen Hi: Hippocampus Hia: Hippocampus, alveus ICA: Internal carotid artery LCF: Longitudinal cerebral fissure

Lg: Lingula ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MpT: Mesopontine tegmentum N3: Oculomotor nerve N4: Trochlear nerve NC: Nucleus ceruleus NH: Neurohypophysis OlS: Olfactory sulcus Oltr: Olfactory trigone ON: Optic nerve

CbllC

Cul

PcF 0

PcF: Preculminate fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PrF: Precentral fissure SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SG: Straight gyrus SMV: Superior medullary velum SN: Substantia nigra SNc: Substantia nigra, pars compacta SNr: Substantia nigra, pars reticularis VTA: Ventral tegmental area

460

PrF

SMV – 30

AQL (2)

Axial - MRI –20(–22mm)

R

L

A

TPF(1)

PPC

P

BA

+ 44

PCA

CST LVi

PN TPF(2)

Hi

ML

CbllT 0

CTT

V4

SCP AQL CLw AQL

SCP + 30

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BA: Basilar artery CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing CST: Corticospinal tract CTT: Central tegmental tract Hi: Hippocampus Lg: Lingula LVi: Lateral ventricle, inferior horn ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus PCA: Posterior cerebral artery

CL 0

PN: Pontine nucleus PPC: Prepontine cistern SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SMV: Superior medullary velum TPF: Transverse pontine fibers V4: Fourth ventricle

461

Lg

SMV – 30

– 36

LEFT

RIGHT

MLF

Axial - Cadaver −22(−22mm)

R

L

CavS

+ 80

A

ICA

PiG

SpS

SOM OlS

SG CrG MObG

ICA

CavS

ACP

PCP

P

ML STG

MCA STS BA

MTG

Dur STS

CLw PN TB

PHG

RIGHT

0

ColS

OTS

OTS

ITG

SCPd

AQLa

ITG MOTG PcF CbllT

AQL

PF IcF PQL STT TS NC Lg - 80

EmN

FN

Cul

Dc

Fol

+ 50

ACP: Anterior clinoid process AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule AQLa: Anterior quadrangular lobule, anterior BA: Basilar artery CavS: Cavernous sinus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CfS: Confluence of sinuses CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CrG: Crista galli Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive Dur: Dura mater

EmN: Emboliform nucleus FN: Fastigial nucleus Fol: Folium ICA: Internal carotid artery IcF: Intraculminate fissure ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus Lg: Lingula MCA: Middle cerebral artery ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

Tu

CfS Val

OB

0

MTG: Middle temporal gyrus NC: Nucleus ceruleus OB: Occipital bone OlS: Olfactory sulcus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcF: Preculminate fissure PCP: Posterior clinoid process PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PiG: Pituitary gland PN: Pontine nucleus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure

462

PF

MLF

SCP

SSL

- 50

SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SCPd: Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation SG: Straight gyrus SOM: Superior oblique muscle SpS: Sphenoid sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus STT: Spinothalamic tract TB: Temporal bone TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber Val: Vallecula

PSF

LEFT

ITS

ITG

Axial - MRI –22(–24mm)

R

L

M TG(1)

A

PHG

PCA

ICb l l A

TPF

PCA

P

MTG

+ 80

ColS(1)

PHG MTG(2)

MOTG

ITG(1)

ML

ITG

MOTG

0

CTT ITG(2) V4

TS

ColS(2)

ColS CLw

CL

SCP

Cul PQL + 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CTT: Central tegmental tract Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive ICbllA: Inferior cerebellar artery ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ML: Medial lemniscus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus OS: Occipital sinus

SS

OS

Dc 0

PCA: Posterior cerebral artery PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SS: Straight sinus TPF: Transverse pontine fibers TS: Transverse sinus V4: Fourth ventricle

463

- 80

PF – 50

LEFT

RIGHT

AQL

Axial - Cadaver –24(–24mm)

R

L

BA

+ 80

A

PPC

PiG

SpS

SOM

SS

SS CrG MObG

OlB ICA(1)

ICA(2) CavS

P

ML

STS ZB LL STG PHG STS STS ColS

0

PN

TB

ITS

OTS

TPF

PcF

ITG

CbllT ITG

CLw

IcF

AQLa MOG

PF

AQL

PQL TS

PF

– 80

PQL

NC

MLF

DN

GN

+ 50

ACP: Anterior clinoid process AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule AQLa: Anterior quadrangular lobule, anterior BA: Basilar artery CavS: Cavernous sinus CbllT: Cerebellar tentorium CfS: Confluence of sinuses CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CrG: Crista galli Dc: Declive DN: Dentate nucleus EmN: Emboliform nucleus

FN: Fastigial nucleus GN: Globose nucleus ICA: Internal carotid artery IcF: Intraculminate fissure ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LL: Lateral lemniscus ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MObG: Medial orbital gyrus MOG: Middle occipital gyrus MTG: Middle temporal gyrus MTN: Mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus

Tu

Val

CfS

Dc

0

NC: Nucleus ceruleus OlB: Olfactory bulb OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PcF: Preculminate fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PiG: Pituitary gland PN: Pontine nucleus PPC: Prepontine cistern PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SOM: Superior oblique muscle

464

FN

EmN

SCP PSF SSL – 50

SpS: Sphenoid sinus SS: Straight sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone TPF: Transverse pontine fibers TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber Val: Vallecula ZB: Zygomatic bone

MTN

LEFT

RIGHT

MTG

Axial - MRI –24(–26mm)

R

L

A

PHG

TPF

AICA

P

ML

+ 80

ColS

CTT

MOTG

MOTG ColS

PHG

RIGHT

ITG 0

N5

NC

TS CLw CLw

SCP

V4

AQL CL

PQL

Cul + 50

AICA: Anterior inferior cerebellar artery AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CL: Central lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing ColS: Collateral sulcus CTT: Central tegmental tract Cul: Culmen Dc: Declive ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ML: Medial lemniscus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N5: Trigeminal nerve NC: Nucleus ceruleus

SS

OS 0

OS: Occipital sinus PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SS: Straight sinus TPF: Transverse pontine fibers TS: Transverse sinus V4: Fourth ventricle

465

Dc

PF

PSF – 50

– 80

LEFT

ITG

Axial - Cadaver –26(–26mm)

R

L

LRM

+ 80

A

N3

CavS

MRM EthC SpS

OlB CrG

ICA

MRM

ON

ICA

N3 LRM

P

STG

OptN BA

ML

PHG

ColS

STS STS SpS MTG PN MOTG(1)

ColS

0

TB LEFT

RIGHT

N5 TPF

ITS MOTG(2)

ITG STT

AQLa

MCP IcF

IcF AQLp TS

PF

PSF MLF

– 80

V4

No

Uv

PbF

Tu

+ 50

AQLa: Anterior quadrangular lobule, anterior AQLp: Anterior quadrangular lobule, posterior BA: Basilar artery CavS: Cavernous sinus CfS: Confluence of sinuses ColS: Collateral sulcus CrG: Crista galli CTT: Central tegmental tract DN: Dentate nucleus EthC: Ethmoidal cell Fol: Folium ICA: Internal carotid artery IcF: Intraculminate fissure

ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LRM: Lateral rectus muscle MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MRM: Medial rectus muscle MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve N5: Trigeminal nerve NC: Nucleus ceruleus

Fol

Val

CfS NC

SCP TS

0

No: Nodule OlB: Olfactory bulb ON: Optic nerve OptN: Ophthalmic nerve PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus PSF: Posterior superior fissure SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SpS: Sphenoid sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus

466

LGF

DN – 50

STS: Superior temporal sulcus STT: Spinothalamic tract TB: Temporal bone TPF: Transverse pontine fibers TS: Transverse sinus Tu: Tuber Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle Val: Vallecula

SSL

CTT

Axial - MRI –26(–28mm)

R

L

A

ITG

PHG

V4

CTT

P

PHG

+ 80

N5 ITG

RIGHT

CLw

0

AQL

DN SCP

Dc(1) PQL

PSF

PSF

SSL + 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule CLw: Central lobule, wing CTT: Central tegmental tract Dc: Declive DN: Dentate nucleus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle N5: Trigeminal nerve OS: Occipital sinus PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure

OS

Dc(2) 0

SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SSL: Superior semilunar lobule V4: Fourth ventricle

467

PF

SSL – 50

– 80

LEFT

N5

MCP

Axial - Cadaver –28(–28mm)

R

L

IPtS

+ 80

A

LRM

N6

ON

MRM

BA

SB

OlB

IPtS

ICA

N3

CavS

P

LRM STG

PHG CST

STS

ColS

N5 N5 TB OTS TPF MTG MOTG

MOTG

RIGHT

SppS(1) ITS

0

ITG

ITG

ML

PN

MLF CTT PF PF SppS(2) PSF MCP HF V4

– 80

No

Uv

OA

LGF

PbF Py

+ 50

BA: Basilar artery CavS: Cavernous sinus CfS: Confluence of sinuses ColS: Collateral sulcus CST: Corticospinal tract CTT: Central tegmental tract DN: Dentate nucleus GL: Gracile lobule HF: Horizontal fissure ICA: Internal carotid artery IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus

LGF: Lunogracile fissure LRM: Lateral rectus muscle MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MRM: Medial rectus muscle MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N3: Oculomotor nerve N5: Trigeminal nerve N6: Abducens nerve No: Nodule OA: Occipital artery

Val

CfS

OB TS

0

OB: Occipital bone OlB: Olfactory bulb ON: Optic nerve OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PN: Pontine nucleus PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis SB: Sphenoid bone SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SppS: Sphenoparietal sinus

468

GL

DN

SSL – 50

SSL: Superior semilunar lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone TPF: Transverse pontine fibers TS: Transverse sinus Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle Val: Vallecula

SCP

LEFT

OTS

ITS

Axial - MRI –28(–30mm)

R

L

A

MGTO

BA

ML

P

PGH

N5

+ 80

MCP N5

CLw

0

AQL

V4 TS

PQL SSL

Py + 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BA: Basilar artery CLw: Central lobule, wing DN: Dentate nucleus Fol: Folium MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle ML: Medial lemniscus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N5: Trigeminal nerve OS: Occipital sinus PHG: Parahippocampal gyrus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure

Fol

OS 0

Py: Pyramis SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TS: Transverse sinus V4: Fourth ventricle

469

DN

SSL – 50

PSF

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

CLw

Axial - Cadaver –30(–30mm)

R

L

ICA

+ 80

LRM

A

BA

Star

NB CrP

SpS

MRM

IPtS

ColS

STG

P

STS MOTG

STG IPtS ITS

STS PN

TB MTG

RIGHT

0

OTS

ITG

ITG

SCP

TPF PSF Uv

CTT

PQL AQL SigS

PF

DN SigS BvLm

V4 GL – 80

SSL

To

LGF

GL

No

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BA: Basilar artery BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CfS: Confluence of sinuses ColS: Collateral sulcus CrP: Cribriform plate CTT: Central tegmental tract DN: Dentate nucleus GL: Gracile lobule ICA: Internal carotid artery IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus

ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus LGF: Lunogracile fissure LRM: Lateral rectus muscle MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MRM: Medial rectus muscle MTG: Middle temporal gyrus NB: Nasal bone No: Nodule OB: Occipital bone OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PLF: Posterolateral fissurez

PLF

Py

CfS

0

PN: Pontine nucleus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SCP: Superior cerebellar peduncle SigS: Sigmoid sinus SSL: Superior semilunar lobule Star: Superior tarsus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone To: Tonsil

470

SCM

BvLl

PbF – 50

TPF: Transverse pontine fibers Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle

OB

LEFT

OTS

ITS

Axial - MRI −30(−32mm)

R

L

A

MOTG

MCP

PN

BA

V4

P

N5

+ 80

Uv

DN

0

SSL

SSL

ISL HF

HF

Fol + 50

BA: Basilar artery DN: Dentate nucleus Fol: Folium HF: Horizontal fissure ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus N5: Trigeminal nerve OS: Occipital sinus PN: Pontine nucleus Py: Pyramis SSL: Superior semilunar lobule Uv: Uvula

OS 0

V4: Fourth ventricle

471

Py

ISL - 50

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

DN

Axial - Cadaver −30(−30mm)

R

+ 44

L

A

ICA

N6

TPF

BA

CST

P

ICA

OptN

STG

N5(1)

OptN

N6

PN

ColS

N5(1) ColS

Dur

0

N5(2)

CTT TPF MLF

ML MCP PF PF - 36

PQL V4

To + 30

BA: Basilar artery ColS: Collateral sulcus CST: Corticospinal tract CTT: Central tegmental tract DN: Dentate nucleus Dur: Dura mater ICA: Internal carotid artery ICA: Internal carotid artery MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus N5: Trigeminal nerve N6N: Abducens nerve nucleus

No

Uv

N6N 0

No: Nodule OptN: Ophthalmic nerve PF: Primary fissure PN: Pontine nucleus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule STG: Superior temporal gyrus To: Tonsil TPF: Transverse pontine fibers Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle

472

DN - 30

LEFT

RIGHT

N5(2)

Axial - MRI −30(−32mm)

R

L

A

P

N7m

BA

+ 44

CST

N6

TPF

N5

CTT

0

MCP MCP

AQL FC Uv + 30

- 36

DN 0

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BA: Basilar artery CST: Corticospinal tract CTT: Central tegmental tract DN: Dentate nucleus FC: Facial colliculus MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle N5: Trigeminal nerve N6: Abducens nerve N7m: Motor nucleus of facial nerve TPF: Transverse pontine fibers Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle

473

- 30

LEFT

RIGHT

V4

Axial - Cadaver −32(−32mm)

R

L

ITG

+ 80

A

LRM

ICA

PN

MRM

SpS

BA

CST

ICA

IPtS

P

LRM

N6

ML IPtS

STS

MTG

LRM ITS(1)

TB ITS(2) MOTG

MOTG ITG 0

TB

MCP

PLF MLF AQL PF

MC

SigS

N6

PQL

No EV

PSF

- 80

HF

LVN V4

To

BvLm

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BA: Basilar artery BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CST: Corticospinal tract DN: Dentate nucleus EV: Emissary vein HF: Horizontal fissure IbF: Intrabiventral fissure ICA: Internal carotid artery IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus

LRM: Lateral rectus muscle LVN: Lateral vestibular nucleus MC: Mastoid cell MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MRM: Medial rectus muscle MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N6: Abducens nerve No: Nodule OS: Occipital sinus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus

IbF PbF

Val

OS

Py

Uv

0

PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PLF: Posterolateral fissure PN: Pontine nucleus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis SigS: Sigmoid sinus SpS: Sphenoid sinus STS: Superior temporal sulcus TB: Temporal bone To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula

474

ISL - 50

V4: Fourth ventricle Val: Vallecula

DN

LEFT

RIGHT

OTS

Axial - MRI −32(−34mm)

R

L

A

TG

No

BA

CST

P

ML

+ 80

MCP MCP

DN

0

AQL DN

SSL Uv

Py

PQL

ISL + 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BA: Basilar artery CST: Corticospinal tract DN: Dentate nucleus Fl: Flocculus Fol: Folium ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle ML: Medial lemniscus No: Nodule OS: Occipital sinus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule Py: Pyramis

Fol

OS 0

SSL: Superior semilunar lobule TG: Temporal gyrus Uv: Uvula

475

ISL - 50

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

Fl

Axial - Cadaver −33(−33mm)

R

L

IPtS

+ 80

A

LRM

ICA

PN

MRM

BA

SpS

CST

ICA

IPtS

P

STG

ITS(1) TG TG

STS

ML

ITG

ITS(2)

0

MOTG

OTS

ITG

N6N LEFT

RIGHT

N6

STT

TB PLF

MCP

AQL

LVN

MC PF No PQL

SigS

PSF

EV

V4 - 80

HF MLF

To

BvLm

+ 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BA: Basilar artery BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CST: Corticospinal tract DN: Dentate nucleus EV: Emissary vein HF: Horizontal fissure IbF: Intrabiventral fissure ICA: Internal carotid artery IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus ITS: Inferior temporal sulcus

LRM: Lateral rectus muscle LVN: Lateral vestibular nucleus MC: Mastoid cell MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MRM: Medial rectus muscle N6: Abducens nerve N6N: Abducens nerve nucleus No: Nodule OS: Occipital sinus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus

IbF PbF

Val OS SCM

Py

0

PbF: Prebiventral fissure PF: Primary fissure PLF: Posterolateral fissure PN: Pontine nucleus PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SigS: Sigmoid sinus SpS: Sphenoid sinus STG: Superior temporal gyrus STS: Superior temporal sulcus STT: Spinothalamic tract

476

Uv

ISL - 50

TB: Temporal bone TG: Temporal gyrus To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle Val: Vallecula

DN

Axial - MRI −33(−36mm)

R

L

A

N6

BA

CST

P

FC

+ 80

V4

MCP

N8

0

To

Uv

DN

ISL

OS + 50

BA: Basilar artery CST: Corticospinal tract DN: Dentate nucleus FC: Facial colliculus Fol: Folium ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle N6: Abducens nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve No: Nodule OS: Occipital sinus Py: Pyramis To: Tonsil

Fol 0

Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle

477

Py - 50

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

No

Axial - Cadaver −34(−34mm)

R

L

ICA

+ 80

A

IRM

VB Lens

N6

PN

BA

CST

MRM

IRM

ICA

LRM

P

TGa

TGa IPtS

OTS

IPtS

MTG

N6 OTS MOTG

ITG

ITG

MLF

RIGHT

0

N7(1) LVN N8 AQL

Fl

MCP

PLF

ICP

MC PQL

SigS SigS PSF HF

EV

EV

N6N - 80

MLF

To

PopF BvLm Py SCM Val + 50

AQL: Anterior quadrangular lobule BA: Basilar artery BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CST: Corticospinal tract EV: Emissary vein EV: Emissary vein Fl: Flocculus HF: Horizontal fissure ICA: Internal carotid artery ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus IRM: Inferior rectus muscle ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule

ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LRM: Lateral rectus muscle LVN: Lateral vestibular nucleus MC: Mastoid cell MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MRM: Medial rectus muscle MTG: Middle temporal gyrus N6: Abducens nerve N6N: Abducens nucleus N7: Facial nerve N7int: Intermedius nerve

OS Uv

OB

No

V4

N7(2)

0

N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve No: Nodule OB: Occipital bone OS: Occipital sinus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PLF: Posterolateral fissure PN: Pontine nucleus PopF: Postpyramidal fissure PQL: Posterior quadrangular lobule PSF: Posterior superior fissure Py: Pyramis SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SigS: Sigmoid sinus

478

- 50

TGa: Trigeminal ganglion To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle Val: Vallecula VB: Vitreous body

ICP

ISL

LEFT

N7int

N8

Axial - MRI −34(−38mm)

R

L

A

N6

CST

BA

P

N6

FC

+ 80

V4

MCP

RIGHT

No 0

N8

To

Flp Uv

DN ISL + 50

BA: Basilar artery CST: Corticospinal tract DN: Dentate nucleus FC: Facial colliculus Flp: Flocculus, peduncle Fol: Folium ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle N6: Abducens nerve N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve No: Nodule OS: Occipital sinus

OS

Fol 0

PopF: Postpyramidal fissure Py: Pyramis To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle

479

Py

PopF - 50

- 80

LEFT

N7

Axial - Cadaver −36(−36mm)

R

+ 80

L

MOTG

A

MxN

IPtS

IRM

N6

SpS

LB

NB

ICS

PN

BA

ICA

MxN

P

N6

ITG OTS MMA MN MOTG

ITG

MN

ML

IPtS

N7(1)

CST N8

0

Mal

Mal

ScD

Fl

STT

SON

ClaN

BvL

PLF

MC

ICP MLF SigS

V4

VN

EV

EV - 80

To

SF

BvL

PbF

Val

+ 50

BA: Basilar artery BvL: Biventral lobule Cla: Cochlea ClaN: Cochlear nucleus CST: Corticospinal tract EOP: External occipital protuberance EV: Emissary vein Fl: Flocculus ICA: Internal carotid artery ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle ICS: Intercavernous sinus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus IRM: Inferior rectus muscle

ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LB: Lacrimal bone Mal: Malleus MC: Mastoid cell ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MMA: Middle meningeal artery MN: Mandibular nerve MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MxN: Maxillary nerve N6: Abducens nerve N7: Facial nerve

EOP

OS SCM 0

N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve NB: Nasal bone OB: Occipital bone OS: Occipital sinus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PbF: Prebiventral fissure PLF: Posterolateral fissure PN: Pontine nucleus Py: Pyramis ScD: Semicircular duct SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SF: Secondary fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus

480

OB

Py - 50

SON: Superior olivary nucleus SpS: Sphenoid sinus STT: Spinothalamic tract To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle Val: Vallecula VN: Vestibular nucleus

Uv

ISL

LEFT

RIGHT

Cla N7(2)

Axial - MRI −36(−40mm)

R

L

A

N7

BA

CP

V4

N6

P

N7

+ 80

N8

N8

V4a

0

Fl No

DN To

Uv

GL

To

BvLl + 50

BA: Basilar artery BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CP: Choroid plexus DN: Dentate nucleus Fl: Flocculus Fol: Folium GL: Gracile lobule N6: Abducens nerve N7: Facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve No: Nodule OS: Occipital sinus

OS 0

Py: Pyramis To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle V4a: Lateral aperture of fourth ventricle

481

Py

BvLm - 50

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

Fol

Axial - Cadaver −38(−38mm)

R

L

IPtS

+ 80

ICA

A

MxN

PN

SpS

BA

CST

IPtS

ICA

IRM

MxN

MN

P

MOTG

OTS

MOTG

MMA

MN

ITG ML

N8

OvW

LEFT

RIGHT

N7

0

Sta

Fl

OvW ICP BvL MLF BvLl SigS

MC

V4 BvLm

EV - 80

ISL

Uv

Py

+ 50

BA: Basilar artery BvL: Biventral lobule BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CST: Corticospinal tract EV: Emissary vein Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule IbF: Intrabiventral fissure ICA: Internal carotid artery ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus IRM: Inferior rectus muscle

ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure MC: Mastoid cell ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MMA: Middle meningeal artery MN: Mandibular nerve MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MxN: Maxillary nerve N7: Facial nerve N7m: Motor nucleus of facial nerve N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve

Val

OS

SCM

To

N7m

0

OS: Occipital sinus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus OvW: Oval window PN: Pontine nucleus PPF: Prepyramidal fissure Py: Pyramis SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SigS: Sigmoid sinus SpS: Sphenoid sinus Sta: Stapes To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle

482

LGF - 50

Val: Vallecula

GL

PPF

Axial - MRI −38(−42mm)

R

L

V4

A

VeA(2)

Py d

VeA(1)

IO N

P

N7

+ 80

Fl

V4a

0

Fl MCP

To

Uv

SF

GL GL OS + 50

BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule ION: Inferior olivary nucleus MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle N7: Facial nerve OS: Occipital sinus Py: Pyramis Pyd: Pyramid SF: Secondary fissure To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle

Py 0

V4a: Lateral aperture of fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery

483

- 80

BvLm - 50

LEFT

RIGHT

To

Axial - Cadaver −40(−40mm)

R

L

A

MxN

+ 80

IRM

ML

PN

SpS

CST

IRM

MxN

BA

P

ICA IPtS

ICA MOTG

MN MMA

IPtS OTS

ITG MLF

0

IbF

Fl

BvLm

N7

BvLl

VN

PPF SigS

TB

PPF

SigS

GL GL(1)

EV - 80

V4

To

LGF

+ 50

BA: Basilar artery BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CP: Choroid plexus CST: Corticospinal tract EV: Emissary vein Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule IbF: Intrabiventral fissure ICA: Internal carotid artery ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus IRM: Inferior rectus muscle

ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus LGF: Lunogracile fissure ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MMA: Middle meningeal artery MN: Mandibular nerve MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MxN: Maxillary nerve N7: Facial nerve N9: Glossopharyngeal nerve OB: Occipital bone OS: Occipital sinus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus

CP

Val

OS 0

PN: Pontine nucleus PPF: Prepyramidal fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus SpS: Sphenoid sinus TB: Temporal bone To: Tonsil V4: Fourth ventricle Val: Vallecula VN: Vestibular nucleus

484

To

GL(2)

OB - 50

LGF

LEFT

RIGHT

N9 ICP

Axial - MRI −40(−44mm)

R

L

A

ION

VeA

VeA

P

V4

+ 80

Fl

Fl

0

Uv ICP

BvLm

GL

BvLm

Py + 50

OS 0

BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle ION: Inferior olivary nucleus LGF: Lunogracile fissure OS: Occipital sinus Py: Pyramis To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery

485

LGF

GL - 50

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

To

Axial - Cadaver −40(−40mm)

R

L

A

MxN

+ 44

PN

ICS

P

TPF MxN

BA MN ICA

ICA

N9 MN MOTG MMA

OTS ITG

0

CST ML

MCP Fl

MLF

N9

BvLl VN

ICP

V4 - 36

BvLm

Np

+ 30

AuT: Auditory tube BA: Basilar artery BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CST: Corticospinal tract Fl: Flocculus GL: Gracile lobule ICA: Internal carotid artery ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle ICS: Intercavernous sinus ITG: Inferior temporal gyrus MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle ML: Medial lemniscus

To 0

MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MMA: Middle meningeal artery MN: Mandibular nerve MOTG: Medial occipitotemporal gyrus MxN: Maxillary nerve N9: Glossopharyngeal nerve Np: Nucleus prepositus OTS: Occipitotemporal sulcus PN: Pontine nucleus To: Tonsil TPF: Transverse pontine fibers V4: Fourth ventricle VN: Vestibular nucleus

486

BvLm

GL - 30

LEFT

RIGHT

AuT

Axial - MRI −40(−44mm)

R

L

A

P

AICA

VeA(2)

+ 44

VeA(1) Pyd

ML ION

N12N

0

Fl VN

Fl V4a

MCP + 30

AICA: Anterior inferior cerebellar artery Fl: Flocculus ION: Inferior olivary nucleus MCP: Middle cerebellar peduncle ML: Medial lemniscus N12N: Hypoglossal nerve nucleus N8: Vestibulocochlear nerve Pyd: Pyramid To: Tonsil Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle V4a: Lateral aperture of fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery

Uv

To 0

VN: Vestibular nucleus

487

V4 - 30

- 36

LEFT

RIGHT

N8

Axial - Cadaver −42(−42mm)

R

L

IPtS

+ 80

V4

A

MxN

IRM

MLF

ML

Pyd

VeA(1)

MxA

IRM

VeA(2)

MN

P

ICA

MN IPtS MMA MMA ICA

N9 N10 N10

STA 0

TyM

STV IJV ECP

VN

PPF

BvL

SigS PPF GL SigS

BvL To

GL

OV - 80

OA

ISL

OB

+ 50

BvL: Biventral lobule CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern ECP: Extraventricular choroid plexus GL: Gracile lobule ICA: Internal carotid artery ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle IJV: Internal jugular vein IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus IRM: Inferior rectus muscle ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus

MMA: Middle meningeal artery MN: Mandibular nerve MxA: Maxillary artery MxN: Maxillary nerve N10: Vagus nerve N9: Glossopharyngeal nerve OA: Occipital artery OB: Occipital bone OS: Occipital sinus OV: Occipital vein PPF: Prepyramidal fissure Pyd: Pyramid SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle

CMC

SCM 0

SF: Secondary fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus STA: Superfi cialtemporal artery STV: Superfi cialtemporal vein To: Tonsil TyM: Tympanic membrane V4: Fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery VN: Vestibular nucleus

488

OS

SF

ISL - 50

LGF

LEFT

RIGHT

ICP

Axial - MRI −42(−46mm)

R

L

A

VeA(2)

Pyd

VeA(1)

P

ION

+ 80

N12N

V4

N9

0

To BvL

Uv

SF

BvLm

GL

Py + 50

BvL: Biventral lobule BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern GL: Gracile lobule ION: Inferior olivary nucleus N12N: Hypoglossal nerve nucleus N9: Glossopharyngeal nerve OS: Occipital sinus Py: Pyramis Pyd: Pyramid SF: Secondary fissure To: Tonsil

OS

CMC 0

Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery

489

BvLl

GL - 50

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

N9

Axial - Cadaver −44(−44mm)

R

L

A

MxN

+ 80

IOM

IRM

MLF

ML

RaN Pyd

VeA(1)

IRM IOM

MxN

P

ION

VeA(2)

MN MN Nam MMA IPtS STT ICA ICA N10

N5st

N12N

0

ICP

IJV

N7

N7

BvLm BvLm IbF

VN

SigS

IbF

BvLl

SigS

GL(1) PPF

PbF - 80

GL(2) V4

To

CMC

+ 50

BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern GL: Gracile lobule IbF: Intrabiventral fi ssure ICA: Internal carotid artery ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle IJV: Internal jugular vein IOM: Inferior oblique muscle ION: Inferior olivary nucleus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus IRM: Inferior rectus muscle ML: Medial lemniscus

MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MMA: Middle meningeal artery MN: Mandibular nerve MxN: Maxillary nerve N10: Vagus nerve N10D: Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve N12N: Hypoglossal nerve nucleus N5st: Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve N7: Facial nerve Nam: Nucleus ambiguus Nst: Nucleus of solitary tract OA: Occipital artery OB: Occipital bone

SCM

OB 0

PbF: Prebiventral fissure PPF: Prepyramidal fissure Pyd: Pyramid RaN: Raphe nucleus SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SigS: Sigmoid sinus STT: Spinothalamic tract To: Tonsil V4: Fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery VN: Vestibular nucleus

490

Nst

BvLl - 50

OA

LEFT

RIGHT

N10D

Axial - MRI −44(−48mm)

R

L

A

VeA(2)

Pyd

VeA(1)

P

ION

+ 80

V4

ML

N10

0

To

BvLm BvLm

BvLl

BvLl

GL ISL + 50

BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern GL: Gracile lobule ION: Inferior olivary nucleus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LR: Lateral recess of fourth ventricle ML: Medial lemniscus N10: Vagus nerve OS: Occipital sinus Py: Pyramis Pyd: Pyramid To: Tonsil

Uv

OS

CMC 0

Uv: Uvula V4: Fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery

491

Py

GL - 50

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

LR

Axial - Cadaver −46(−46mm)

R

L

A

MxN

+ 80

IOM

IRM

N12N

MNC

MNC

Pyd

IOM

MxS

MxA

MxN

P

VeA(1)

MN ML

VeA(2)

MMA

ION

IPtS

ICA

N10 0

N11sr

IJV EAM

BvLm

N7

MC

BvLm

SigS

IbF

BvLl

BvLl

GL SCaM OA - 80

SCaM

IbF

PbF

SF

SCM

+ 50

BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern EAM: External acoustic meatus GL: Gracile lobule IbF: Intrabiventral fissure ICA: Internal carotid artery IJV: Internal jugular vein IOM: Inferior oblique muscle ION: Inferior olivary nucleus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus IRM: Inferior rectus muscle MC: Mastoid cell

ML: Medial lemniscus MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MMA: Middle meningeal artery MN: Mandibular nerve MNC: Middle nasal concha MxA: Maxillary artery MxN: Maxillary nerve N5st&n: Spinal trigeminal tract and nucleus N7: Facial nerve N10: Vagus nerve N11sr: Accessory nerve, spinal root N12N: Hypoglossal nerve nucleus OA: Occipital artery

OB

CMC

0

OB: Occipital bone PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pyd: Pyramid SCaM: Splenius capitis muscle SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SF: Secondary fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus To: Tonsil VeA: Vertebral artery

492

To MLF

N5st&n - 50

PbF

OA

LEFT

RIGHT

N10

Axial - MRI −46(−50mm)

R

L

A

ION

VeA

Pyd

VeA

P

MLF

+ 80

V4 VN

ICP

0

IbF BvLm

MA BvLl

PbF

ISL

GL LGF + 50

BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern GL: Gracile lobule IbF: Intrabiventral fissure ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle ION: Inferior olivary nucleus ISL: Inferior semilunar lobule LGF: Lunogracile fissure MA: Median aperture MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus OS: Occipital sinus PbF: Prebiventral fissure

ISL

OS

CMC 0

Pyd: Pyramid To: Tonsil V4: Fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery VN: Vestibular nucleus

493

LGF

GL - 50

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

To

Axial - Cadaver −48(−48mm)

R

L

MN

+ 80

ION

A

MxN

IOM

MLF

ML

Pyd

VeA(1)

VeA(2)

MxN

MxA

P

MN AuT

AuT MMA

STT IPtS

ICA N12

RIGHT

STA 0

IJV

N11sr

STA

IJV N7 VN BvLm BvL SigS

SF

IbF

IbF

OA OA

SCaM - 80

SCaM GL

PPF

OB

+ 50

AuT: Auditory tube BvL: Biventral lobule BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern GL: Gracile lobule IbF: Intrabiventral fissure ICA: Internal carotid artery IJV: Internal jugular vein IOM: Inferior oblique muscle ION: Inferior olivary nucleus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus ML: Medial lemniscus

MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MMA: Middle meningeal artery MN: Mandibular nerve MxA: Maxillary artery MxN: Maxillary nerve N10: Vagus nerve N11sr: Accessory nerve, spinal root N12: Hypoglossal nerve N7: Facial nerve Nst: Nucleus of solitary tract OA: Occipital artery OB: Occipital bone PPF: Prepyramidal fissure

SCM

CMC SCM 0

Pyd: Pyramid SCaM: Splenius capitis muscle SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SF: Secondary fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus STA: Superficial temporal artery STT: Spinothalamic tract To: Tonsil VeA: Vertebral artery VN: Vestibular nucleus

494

Nst

To - 50

BvLl

LEFT

N10

N10

Axial - MRI −48(−52mm)

R

L

ICP

A

VeA

Pyd

ML

P

VeA

N12

+ 80

BvLm ION

0

IbF IbF

BvLl

PbF

PbF BvLl

GL LGF + 50

BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern GL: Gracile lobule IbF: Intrabiventral fissure ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle ION: Inferior olivary nucleus LGF: Lunogracile fissure ML: Medial lemniscus N12: Hypoglossal nerve OS: Occipital sinus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pyd: Pyramid

OS

CMC 0

To: Tonsil VeA: Vertebral artery

495

LGF

GL - 50

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

To

Axial - Cadaver −50(−50mm)

R

L

Pyd

+ 80

A

MxA

MxN

LCM

NLD

NLD LCM

MxN

MxA

VeA(1)

P

AuTcp

AuT MN MN

MMA

IAF

ICA

IPtS

IPtS VeA(2)

STA 0

IJV N10 N7 N7

N11sr Ncu

ION

SigS

SF

BvLm

OA

OA

SCaM

NG

SCaM - 80

SF

MLF + 50

AuT: Auditory tube AuTcp: Auditory tube, cartilaginous part BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern IAF: Internal arcuate fibers ICA: Internal carotid artery IJV: Internal jugular vein ION: Inferior olivary nucleus IPtS: Inferior petrosal sinus LCM: Longus capitis muscle MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MMA: Middle meningeal artery MN: Mandibular nerve

MxA: Maxillary artery MxN: Maxillary nerve N10: Vagus nerve N11sr: Accessory nerve, spinal root N7: Facial nerve Ncu: Nucleus cuneatus NG: Nucleus gracilis NLD: Nasolacrimal duct OA: Occipital artery OB: Occipital bone Pyd: Pyramid RCpmj: Rectus capitis posterior major muscle SCaM: Splenius capitis muscle

SCM OB

SCM

0

SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SF: Secondary fissure SigS: Sigmoid sinus STA: Superfi cialtemporal artery To: Tonsil VeA: Vertebral artery

496

CMC

RCpmj

To - 50

LEFT

RIGHT

N10

Axial - MRI −50(−54mm)

R

L

A

To

VeA

Pyd

VeA

P

ION

+ 80

V4

BvLm

ICP

RIGHT

BvLm 0

IbF IbF

PbF(1) BvLl

PbF(2) GL(1)

GL

BvLl + 50

BvL: Biventral lobule BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern GL: Gracile lobule IbF: Intrabiventral fissure ICP: Inferior cerebellar peduncle ION: Inferior olivary nucleus OS: Occipital sinus PbF: Prebiventral fissure Pyd: Pyramid To: Tonsil V4: Fourth ventricle

OS

CMC 0

VeA: Vertebral artery

497

PbF

GL(2) - 50

- 80

LEFT

BvL

Axial - Cadaver −50(−50mm)

R

L

A

MxA(1)

+ 44

Pyd

P

MxA(1)

Cliv

MxA(2)

MxA(2)

LCM MN

VeA(1)

ION

MN AuT

MMA

MMA

0

VeA(2)

ICA

ICA N10 N10

IAF

MLF

SCT BvLm

N11sr – 36

BvLm

Ncu + 30

AuT: Auditory tube BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial Cliv: Clivus IAF: Internal arcuate fibers ICA: Internal carotid artery ION: Inferior olivary nucleus LCM: Longus capitis muscle MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MMA: Middle meningeal artery MN: Mandibular nerve MxA: Maxillary artery N10: Vagus nerve N11sr: Accessory nerve, spinal root

NG 0

N12: Hypoglossal nerve Ncu: Nucleus cuneatus NG: Nucleus gracilis Pyd: Pyramid SCT: Spinocerebellar tract To: Tonsil VeA: Vertebral artery

498

To – 30

LEFT

RIGHT

N12

Axial - MRI −50(−54mm)

R

L

A

VeA

Pyd

ML

P

VeA

+ 44

N12N ION

N10D N12N

BvLm

0

To

VN

BvLm

BvLl

To

secondary fissure

GL

CM C + 30

BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern GL: Gracile lobule ION: Inferior olivary nucleus ML: Medial lemniscus N10D: Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve N12N: Hypoglossal nerve nucleus Pyd: Pyramid To: Tonsil V4: Fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery

BvLl 0

VN: Vestibular nucleus

499

GL – 30

– 36

LEFT

RIGHT

V4

Axial - Cadaver −51(−51mm)

R

L

M xA

+ 80

A

AuTcp

MxS

N LD

Cliv

VeA(1)

LCM

SAA

P

MxA

AuT AuT

MMA VeA(2)

Pyd

RIGHT

N10

ION 0

STA N7 IJV N11sr N10 MP N12

DiMp

N11sr

OA OA

– 80

SCaM SCaM

BvLm

RCpmj

SCM

CMC

+ 50

AuT: Auditory tube AuTcp: Auditory tube, cartilaginous part BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial Cliv: Clivus CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern CuN: Cuneate nucleus CyP: Condyloid process DiMp: Digastric muscle, posterior belly EOP: External occipital protuberance ICA: Internal carotid artery IJV: Internal jugular vein ION: Inferior olivary nucleus LCM: Longus capitis muscle

MMA: Middle meningeal artery MP: Mastoid process MxA: Maxillary artery MxS: Maxillary sinus N10: Vagus nerve N11sr: Accessory nerve, spinal root N12: Hypoglossal nerve N7: Facial nerve NLD: Nasolacrimal duct OA: Occipital artery OB: Occipital bone Pyd: Pyramid RCpmi: Rectus capitis posterior minor muscle

CuN

EOP 0

SAA: Superior alveolar artery SCaM: Splenius capitis muscle SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle STA: Superficial temporal artery VeA: Vertebral artery

500

SCM

RCpmi

OB – 50

BvLm

LEFT

ICA

CyP

Axial - MRI −51(−56mm)

R

L

A

ML

Pyd

VeA

P

V4

VeA

+ 80

V4a

To 0

BvLm

BvLm

BvLl

BvLl

GL + 50

OS

CMC 0

BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern GL: Gracile lobule ML: Medial lemniscus OS: Occipital sinus Pyd: Pyramid To: Tonsil V4: Fourth ventricle V4a: Lateral aperture of fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery

501

GL – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

To

Axial - Cadaver −52(−52mm)

R

+ 80

L

AuTcp

A

SAA

MxS

NLD

LCM

Cliv

NLD

LCM

MxA

P

VeA(1)

MN

AuT

VeA(2)

Pyd

MMA HyC N12 N12 ICA

RIGHT

STA

ION

0

IJV N7 IAF BvLm N11sr MtN STT MP EV DiMp SCaM

OA Ncu

OV

SCM – 80

MLF

RCpmj

CMC

SCM

+ 50

AuT: Auditory tube AuTcp: Auditory tube, cartilaginous part BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial Cliv: Clivus CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern DiMp: Digastric muscle, posterior belly EOP: External occipital protuberance EV: Emissary vein HyC: Hypoglossal canal IAF: Internal arcuate fibers ICA: Internal carotid artery IJV: Internal jugular vein ION: Inferior olivary nucleus

LCM: Longus capitis muscle MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MMA: Middle meningeal artery MN: Mandibular nerve MtN: Mastoid notch MP: Mastoid process MxA: Maxillary artery MxS: Maxillary sinus N10: Vagus nerve N11sr: Accessory nerve, spinal root N12: Hypoglossal nerve N7: Facial nerve N9: Glossopharyngeal nerve

RCpmj

EOP

OB

SCM

RCpmj

0

Ncu: Nucleus cuneatus To: Tonsil NG: Nucleus gracilis VeA: Vertebral artery NLD: Nasolacrimal duct OA: Occipital artery OB: Occipital bone OV: Occipital vein Pyd: Pyramid RCpmj: Rectus capitis posterior major muscle SAA: Superior alveolar artery SCaM: Splenius capitis muscle SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle STA: Superficial temporal artery STT: Spinothalamic tract

502

NG – 50

To

LEFT

N10

N9

Axial - MRI −52(−58mm)

R

L

A

VeA

ML

Pyd

P

VeA

+ 80

V4a

To BvLm 0

BvLm

BvLl

BvLl

GL + 50

OS

CMC 0

BvLl: Biventral lobule, lateral BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern GL: Gracile lobule ML: Medial lemniscus OS: Occipital sinus Pyd: Pyramid To: Tonsil V4a: Lateral aperture of fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery

503

GL – 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

To

Axial - Cadaver −54(−54mm)

R

L

MxA

+ 80

A

AuT

AuTcp

VeA(1)

LCM

NLD

SAA

P

MxA AuTcp LCM

Rca AuT

MN

MMA

MMA HyC Rca ICA

N10

N10

STA

0

IJV IJV STT

N7 VeA(2)

N11sr

ION DiMp

DiMp OA

EV

N11sr OA

– 80

SCaM

MLF Ncu

NG + 50

AuT: Auditory tube AuTcp: Auditory tube, cartilaginous part BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial DiMp: Digastric muscle, posterior belly EV: Emissary vein HyC: Hypoglossal canal ICA: Internal carotid artery IJV: Internal jugular vein ION: Inferior olivary nucleus LCM: Longus capitis muscle MLF: Medial longitudinal fasciculus MMA: Middle meningeal artery MN: Mandibular nerve

RCpmj SCM

RCpmi

SCM 0

MxA: Maxillary artery SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle N10: Vagus nerve STA: Superficial temporal artery N11sr: Accessory nerve, spinal root STT: Spinothalamic tract N7: Facial nerve VeA: Vertebral artery Ncu: Nucleus cuneatus NG: Nucleus gracilis NLD: Nasolacrimal duct OA: Occipital artery Pyd: Pyramid Rca: Rectus capitis anterior muscle RCpmi: Rectus capitis posterior minor muscle SAA: Superior alveolar artery SCaM: Splenius capitis muscle

504

RCpmj

Ncu – 50

BvLm

LEFT

RIGHT

Pyd

Axial - MRI −54(−60mm)

R

L

A

Pyd

P

VeA

+ 80

VeA

0

V4a

To

To CMC + 50

- 80

BvLm 0

BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern Ncu: Nucleus cuneatus Pyd: Pyramid To: Tonsil V4a: Lateral aperture of fourth ventricle VeA: Vertebral artery

505

- 50

LEFT

RIGHT

Ncu

Axial - Cadaver −56(−56mm)

R

+ 80

L

MxA(2)

MxA(1)

A

MxS

SAA

SepC

LCM

AuTcp

MxS

P

SAA AuT

MN LPM

VeA MN MMA

RIGHT

0

CyP

N10

STA

SyP

SyP IJV Pyd PyD

N7

BvLm

MP DiMp

OA EV

OA

Ncu N11sr

SCaM - 80

BvLm CeC

RCpmj

SCM

RCpmi EOC

+ 50

AuT: Auditory tube AuTcp: Auditory tube, cartilaginous part BvLm: Biventral lobule, medial CeC: Central canal CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern CyP: Condyloid process DiMp: Digastric muscle, posterior belly EOC: External occipital crest EV: Emissary vein ICA: Internal carotid artery IJV: Internal jugular vein LCM: Longus capitis muscle LPM: Lateral pterygoid muscle

MMA: Middle meningeal artery MN: Mandibular nerve MP: Mastoid process MxA: Maxillary artery MxS: Maxillary sinus N10: Vagus nerve N11sr: Accessory nerve, spinal root N7: Facial nerve Ncu: Nucleus cuneatus NG: Nucleus gracilis OA: Occipital artery PICA: Posterior inferior cerebellar artery Pyd: Pyramid

RCpmi

SCM

0

PyD: Pyramidal decussation Rca: Rectus capitis anterior muscle RCpmj: Rectus capitis posterior major muscle SAA: Superior alveolar artery SCaM: Splenius capitis muscle SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SepC: Septal cartilage STA: Superficial temporal artery SyP: Styloid process VeA: Vertebral artery

506

CMC

NG - 50

PICA

LEFT

Rca

ICA

Axial - MRI −56(−62mm)

R

L

A

VeA

P

VeA

Pyd

+ 80

0

CeC

NG

To

CMC + 50

0

CeC: Central canal CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern Ncu: Nucleus cuneatus NG: Nucleus gracilis Pyd: Pyramid To: Tonsil VeA: Vertebral artery

507

To - 50

- 80

LEFT

RIGHT

Ncu

Axial - Cadaver −58(−58mm)

R

L

MxA

+ 80

ZB

A

MPM

LPP

SAA

SepC

Pyd

SAA

AuTcp

P

MPM LPP

LPM

MxA

MN

TM

LCM

Rca MMA

MMA

0

ICA LEFT

RIGHT

ICA

STA N10 N10 IJV IJV N7

VeA

OA DiMp SCT OA PyD

SCaM

N11sr

SAS – 80

RCpmj

TrM

SCM RCpmi NG

+ 50

AuTcp: Auditory tube, cartilaginous part DiMp: Digastric muscle, posterior belly ICA: Internal carotid artery IJV: Internal jugular vein LCM: Longus capitis muscle LPM: Lateral pterygoid muscle LPP: Lateral pterygoid plate MMA: Middle meningeal artery MN: Mandibular nerve MPM: Medial pterygoid muscle MxA: Maxillary artery N10: Vagus nerve N11sr: Accessory nerve, spinal root

N7: Facial nerve NG: Nucleus gracilis OA: Occipital artery Pyd: Pyramid PyD: Pyramidal decussation Rca: Rectus capitis anterior muscle RCpmj: Rectus capitis posterior major muscle SAA: Superior alveolar artery SAS: Subarachnoid space SCaM: Splenius capitis muscle SCM: Semispinalis capitis muscle SCT: Spinocerebellar tract SepC: Septal cartilage

SCM 0

SES: Spinal epidural space STA: Superficial temporal artery TM: Temporal muscle TrM: Trapezius muscle VeA: Vertebral artery ZB: Zygomatic bone

508

TrM

RCpmj

SES – 50

SCaM

Axial - MRI −58(−64mm)

R

L

A

P

Pyd

Pyd

+ 80

VeA

0

NG

To

CMC + 50

To 0

CMC: Cerebellomedullary cistern NG: Nucleus gracilis Pyd: Pyramid To: Tonsil VeA: Vertebral artery

509

– 50

– 80

LEFT

RIGHT

VeA

510

References

• Bear MF, Connors BW, Paradiso MA. Neuroscience, exploring the brain. 3rd ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007. • Carpenter MB. Neuroanatomy. 4th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1991. • Federative Committee on Anatomical Terminology. Terminologia anatomica. New York: Thieme; 1998. • Haines DE. Neuroanatomy. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2008. • Hanaway J, Woolsey TA, Gado MD, Roberts Jr MP. The brain atlas. Bethesda: Fitzgerald Science Press; 1998. • Kandel ER, Schwartz JH, Sessel TM. Principals of neural science. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2000. • Moore KL, Dalley AF. Clinically oriented anatomy. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2006. • Mazziotta JC, Toga AW, Frackowiak RSJ. Brain mapping. The disorders. San Diego: Academic; 2000. • Nolte J, Angevine Jr JB. The human brain. St. Louis: Mosby; 1995. • Park JS, Chung MS, Hwang SB, Shin BS, Park HS. Visible Korean human: its techniques and applications. Clin Anat. 2006;19:216. • Salvolini U, Scarabino T. High field brain MRI. Berlin: Springer; 2006. • Schaltenbrand G, Hassler RG, Wahren W.  Atlas of stereotaxy of the human brain. 2nd ed. Stuttgart: Thieme; 1977. • Spitzer VM, Whitelock DG.  Atlas of the visible human male. London: Jones and Bartlett Publishers International; 1998. • Talairach J, Tournoux P. Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain: 3-dimentional proportional system: an approach to cerebral imaging. Stuttgart: Thieme; 1988. • Toga AW, Mazziotta JC. Brain mapping. The methods. San Diego: Academic; 1996.

511

Abbreviations

A

B

AC

Anterior commissure

BA

Basilar artery

ACA

Anterior cerebral artery

BIC

Brachium of inferior colliculus

ACG

Anterior cingulate gyrus

BM

Bone marrow

ACoA

Anterior communicating artery

Bmob

Bone marrow of occipital bone

ACP

Anterior clinoid process

BN

Bed nucleus of stria terminalis

ACS

Anterior calcarine sulcus

BNM

Basal nucleus of Meynert

ACV

Anterior cerebral vein

BP

Basis pontis

AdH

Adenohypophysis

BSC

Brachium of superior colliculus

AG

Angular gyrus

BV

Basal vein

AICA

Anterior inferior cerebellar artery

BvL

Biventral lobule

AL

Ansa lenticularis

BvLl

Biventral lobule, lateral

Amg

Amygdaloid nucleus

BvLm

Biventral lobule, medial

AN

Anterior nucleus

AObG

Anterior orbital gyrus

AP

Ansa peduncularis

ApN

Anteroprincipal nucleus

Aq

Aqueduct

CalA

Calcar avis

AQL

Anterior quadrangular lobule

CalS

Calcarine sulcus

AQLa

Anterior quadrangular lobule, anterior

CavS

Cavernous sinus

AQLp

Anterior quadrangular lobule, posterior

Cbll

Cerebellum

AR

Auditory radiation

CbllC

Cerebellar commissure

ArD

Articular disc

CbllF

Cerebellar falx

ArG

Arachnoid granulation

CbllT

Cerebellar tentorium

ASV

Anterior septal vein

CbllWM

Cerebellar white matter

AuT

Auditory tube

CC

Corpus callosum

AuTcp

Auditory tube, cartilaginous part

CCb

Corpus callosum, body

AvN

Anteroventral nucleus

CCF

Corpus callosum fiber

C

512

CCg

Corpus callosum, genu

CR

Corona radiata

CCr

Corpus callosum, rostrum

CRa

Corona radiata, anterior

CCs

Corpus callosum, splenium

CrC

Crus cerebri

CCtg

Corpus callosum, toward the genu

CrG

Crista galli

CCts

Corpus callosum, toward the splenium

CRp

Corona radiata, posterior

CeC

Central canal

CrP

Cribriform plate

CeS

Central sulcus

CRs

Corona radiata, superior

CeSIN

Central sulcus of insula

CS

Cingulate sulcus

CF

Cerebral falx

Cso

Centrum semiovale

CfS

Confluence of sinuses

CSP

Cavum septum pellucidum

CG

Cingulate gyrus

CST

Corticospinal tract

Cg

Cingulum

CSu

Coronal suture

Cgc

Cingulum, supracallosal

CTT

Central tegmental tract

Cgh

Cingulum, hippocampal

CtT

Cerebellothalamic tract

CGi

Cingulate gyrus, isthmus

Cu

Cuneus

CGrs

Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial

Cul

Culmen

CGS

Central gray substance

Cula

Culmen, anterior

Cgs

Cingulum, subcallosal

Culp

Culmen, posterior

ChC

Chiasmatic cistern

CuN

Cuneate nucleus

ChF

Choroid fissure

CV

Cavum vergae

ChR

Chiasmatic recess

Cv

Clava

CirS

Circular sulcus of insula

CyP

Condyloid process

CL

Central lobule

Cl

Claustrum

Cla

Cochlea

ClaN

Cochlear nucleus

Cliv

Clivus

ClPa

Sphenoid bone, anterior clinoid process

CLw

Central lobule, wing

CM

Centromedian nucleus

CMA

Callosomarginal artery

DB

Diagonal band of Broca

CMC

Cerebellomedullary cistern

Dc

Declive

CN

Caudate nucleus

Der

Dermis

CNb

Caudate nucleus, body

DG

Dentate gyrus

CNh

Caudate nucleus, head

DH

Dorsal hypothalamus

CNt

Caudate nucleus, tail

DiMp

Digastric muscle, posterior belly

ColS

Collateral sulcus

DLF

Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus

CP

Choroid plexus

DM

Dorsomedial nucleus

CP3

Choroid plexus in the third ventricle

DN

Dentate nucleus

CP4

Choroid plexus in the fourth ventricle

DRN

Dorsal raphe nucleus

Cpa

Choroid plexus, through lateral aperture

DRTt

Dentatorubrothalamic tract

CPlv

Choroid plexus in the lateral ventricle

DSC

Dorsal supraoptic commissure

CQ

Corpora quadrigemina

Dur

Dura mater

D

513

E

G

EAM

External acoustic meatus

GA

Galea aponeurotica

EC

External capsule

GCT

Geniculocalcarine tract

ECP

Extraventricular choroid plexus

GCV

Great cerebral vein

EmC

Extreme capsule

GL

Gracile lobule

EML

External medullary lamina

GN

Globose nucleus

EmN

Emboliform nucleus

GP

Globus pallidus

Ent

Entorhinal cortex

GPe

Globus pallidus, external segment

EOC

External occipital crest

GPi

Globus pallidus, internal segment

EOP

External occipital protuberance

GPll

Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina

Epi

Epidermis

GPml

Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina

EthC

Ethmoidal cell

EV

Emissary vein

Ey

Eyeball

F

H Hb

Habenula

HC

Habenular commissure

HF

Horizontal fissure

Hi

Hippocampus

Hia

Hippocampus, alveus

FB

Frontal bone

Hic

Hippocampus, commissure

FC

Facial colliculus

Hif

Hippocampus, fimbria

FF

Fields of Forel

HiS

Hippocampal sulcus

Fl

Flocculus

Hit

Hippocampus, tail

Flp

Flocculus, peduncle

HN

Habenular nucleus

FMG

Frontomarginal gyrus

HS

Hypothalamic sulcus

Fmi

Forceps minor

HyC

Hypoglossal canal

Fmj

Forceps major

Hyp

Hypothalamus

FMP

Fasciculus mammillaris princeps

Hypa

Hypothalamus, anterior

FMS

Frontomarginal sulcus

Hypm

Hypothalamus, middle

FN

Fastigial nucleus

Hypp

Hypothalamus, posterior

FOF

Fronto-occipital fasciculus

Fol

Folium

FR

Fasciculus retroflexus

FrC

Frontal crest

FrN

Frontal nerve

IAF

Internal arcuate fibers

FSi

Frontal sinus

Ib

Infundibulum

Fx

Fornix

IBF

Interbiventral fissure

Fxb

Fornix, body

IbF

Intrabiventral fissure

Fxc

Fornix, column

IC

Internal capsule

Fxcr

Fornix, crus

ICa

Internal capsule, anterior limb

Fxpe

Fornix, precommissural

ICA

Internal carotid artery

FZS

Frontozygomatic suture

ICbllA

Inferior cerebellar artery

I

514

ICc

Commissure of inferior colliculus

ISL

Inferior semilunar lobule

IcF

Intraculminate fissure

ISS

Inferior sagittal sinus

ICg

Internal capsule, genu

IT

Inner table

ICol

Inferior colliculus

ITG

Inferior temporal gyrus

ICP

Inferior cerebellar peduncle

ITS

Inferior temporal sulcus

ICp

Internal capsule, posterior limb

IVF

Interventricular foramen

ICrl

Internal capsule, retrolenticular

ICS

Intercavernous sinus

ICsl

Internal capsule, sublenticular

ICV

Internal cerebral vein

IFG

Inferior frontal gyrus

IFGob

Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part

IFGop

Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part

IFGtr

Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part

IFO

Inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus

IFS

Inferior frontal sulcus

LaG

Lacrimal gland

IFStr+ob

Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part and orbital part

Lam

Lambda

LamS

Lambdoid suture

IG

Insular gyrus

LB

Lacrimal bone

IJV

Internal jugular vein

LCF

Longitudinal cerebral fissure

ILF

Inferior longitudinal fasciculus

LCM

Longus capitis muscle

ImFS

Intermediate frontal sulcus

LD

Lateral dorsal nucleus of thalamus

IML

Internal medullary lamina

Lens

Lens

IN

Insula

LF

Lenticular fasciculus

INC

Inferior nasal concha

LG

Lingual gyrus

InG

Induseum griseum

Lg

Lingula

INlg

Insula, long gyrus

LGen

Line of Gennari

INM

Inferior nasal meatus

LGF

Lunogracile fissure

INsg

Insula, short gyrus

LGi

Lingual gyrus, isthmus

IO

Inferior olive

LGN

Lateral geniculate nucleus

IOG

Inferior occipital gyrus

LgS

Lingual sulcus

IOM

Inferior oblique muscle

LHA

Lateral hypothalamic area

ION

Inferior olivary nucleus

LI

Limen insulae

IOP

Internal occipital protuberance

LL

Lateral lemniscus

IOS

Inferior occipital sulcus

LN

Lentiform nucleus

IPC

Interpeduncular cistern

LObG

Lateral orbital gyrus

IPF

Interpeduncular fossa

LObS

Lateral orbital sulcus

IPS

Intraparietal sulcus

LOG

Lateral occipital gyrus

IPtS

Inferior petrosal sinus

LOTG

Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus

IpyF

Intrapyramidal fissure

LP

Lateral posterior nucleus of thalamus

IR

Infundibular recess

LPM

Lateral pterygoid muslce

IRG

Inferior rostral gyrus

LPN

Lateral preoptic nucleus

IRM

Inferior rectus muscle

LPP

Lateral pterygoid plate

J Jsm+stg

Junction of supramarginal and superior temporal gyrus

L

515

LPS

Levator palpebrae superioris muscle

MObG

Medial orbital gyrus

LPv

Lateral pulvinar nucleus

MOG

Middle occipital gyrus

LR

Lateral recess of fourth ventricle

MOTG

Medial occipitotemporal gyrus

LRM

Lateral rectus muscle

MP

Mastoid process

LS

Lateral sulcus

MPM

Medial pterygoid muscle

Lsa

Lateral sulcus, anterior ramus

MpT

Mesopontine tegmentum

LT

Lamina terminalis

MRM

Medial rectus muscle

LV

Lateral ventricle

MS

Marginal sulcus

LVa

Lateral ventricle, anterior horn

Msi

Marginal sinus

LVb

Lateral ventricle, body

MTF

Mammillotegmental fasciculus

LVi

Lateral ventricle, inferior horn

MTG

Middle temporal gyrus

LVN

Lateral vestibular nucleus

MtN

Mastoid notch

LVp

Lateral ventricle, posterior horn

MTN

Mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus

LVP

Levator veli palatini

MTT

Mammillothalamic tract

LVtif

Lateral ventricle, toward the inferior horn

MxA

Maxillary artery

LVtr

Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone

MxN

Maxillary nerve

LVtt

Lateral ventricle, toward the trigone

MxS

Maxillary sinus

M

N

MA

Median aperture

N10

Vagus nerve

Mal

Malleus

N10D

Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve

MB

Mammillary body

N11

Accessory nerve

MC

Mastoid cell

N11s

Spinal accessory nerve

MCA

Middle cerebral artery

N11sr

Accessory nerve, spinal root

MCAM1

Middle cerebral artery M1 segment

N12

Hypoglossal nerve

MCP

Middle cerebellar peduncle

N12N

Hypoglossal nerve nucleus

MCVs

Superficial middle cerebral vein

N3

Oculomotor nerve

MDcp

Mandible, condylar process

N3N

Oculomotor nerve nucleus

MeFG

Medial frontal gyrus

N4

Trochlear nerve

MFB

Medial forebrain bundle

N4N

Trochlear nerve nucleus

MFG

Middle frontal gyrus

N5

Trigeminal nerve

MGN

Medial geniculate nucleus

N5st

Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve

MI

Massa intermedia

N5st&n

Spinal trigeminal tract and nucleus

MiTN

Midline thalamic nuclei

N6

Abducens nerve

ML

Medial lemniscus

N6N

Abducens nerve nucleus

MLF

Medial longitudinal fasciculus

N7

Facial nerve

MM

Masseter muscle

N7int

Intermedius nerve

MMA

Middle meningeal artery

N7m

Motor nucleus of facial nerve

MN

Mandibular nerve

N7N

Facial nerve nucleus

MNC

Middle nasal concha

N8

Vestibulocochlear nerve

MNM

Middle nasal meatus

N9

Glossopharyngeal nerve

MO

Medulla oblongata

NA

Nucleus accumbens

516

Nam

Nucleus ambiguus

NB

Nasal bone

NC

Nucleus ceruleus

Ncu

Nucleus cuneatus

NG

Nucleus gracilis

NH

Neurohypophysis

NI

Nucleus interpositus

NLD

Nasolacrimal duct

No

Nodule

Np

Nucleus prepositus

Nr

Nucleus reuniens

Nst

Nucleus of solitary tract

O

P PaA

Paralofactory area

PaG

Periaqueductal gray substance

PaGl

Parotid gland

PaL

Paracentral lobule

PB

Parietal bone

PbF

Prebiventral fissure

PC

Posterior commissure

Pc

Precuneus

PcA

Pericallosal artery

PCA

Posterior cerebral artery

PCAa

Posterior cerebralartery, anteriortemporal branch

PCApo

Posterior cerebralartery, parieto-occipital branch

PCApt

Posterior cerebralartery, posteriortemporal branch

PcF

Preculminate fissure

PcG

Paracingulate gyrus

PCG

Posterior cingulate gyrus

OA

Occipital artery

PCoA

Posterior communicating artery

OB

Occipital bone

PCP

Posterior clinoid process

ObG

Orbital gyrus

PF

Primary fissure

OC

Optic chiasm

PG

Pineal gland

OCS

Obliquus capitis superioris muscle

PHG

Parahippocampal gyrus

OG

Occipital gyrus

PHyA

Posterior hypothalamic area

OL

Occipital lobe

PiC

Piriform cortex

OlA

Olfactory area

PICA

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery

OlB

Olfactory bulb

PiG

Pituitary gland

OlB&T

Olfactory bulb and tract

PLF

Posterolateral fissure

OlS

Olfactory sulcus

PMS

Parietomastoid suture

OlT

Olfactory tract

PN

Pontine nucleus

Oltr

Olfactory trigone

Po

Pons

OlTu

Olfactory tubercle

POA

Preoptic area

OMS

Occipitomastoid suture

PObG

Posterior orbital gyrus

ON

Optic nerve

POF

Perpendicular occipital fasciculus

OptN

Ophthalmic nerve

PoG

Postcentral gyrus

OR

Optic radiation

PoN

Preoccipital notch

ORml

Optic radiation, Meyer's loop

PopF

Postpyramidal fissure

OS

Occipital sinus

POS

Parieto-occipital sulcus

OT

Optic tract

PoS

Postcentral sulcus

OTS

Occipitotemporal sulcus

PPC

Prepontine cistern

OuT

Outer table

PPF

Prepyramidal fissure

OV

Occipital vein

PQL

Posterior quadrangular lobule

OvW

Oval window

PR

Pineal recess

517

PrF

Precentral fissure

SCaM

Splenius capitis muscle

PrG

Precentral gyrus

SCbllA

Superior cerebellar artery

PrS

Precentral sulcus

SCbllV

Superior cerebellar vein

PSF

Posterior superior fissure

SCc

Commissure of superior colliculus

PSN

Posterior septal nucleus

Scc

Sulcus of corpus callosum

PT

Planum temporale

ScD

Semicircular duct

Ptc

Pretectum

SCG

Subcallosal gyrus

PTCS

Posterior transverse collateral sulcus

SCM

Semispinalis capitis muscle

PTG

Paraterminal gyrus

Scom

Supramammillary commissure

Pu

Putamen

SCP

Superior cerebellar peduncle

Pv

Pulvinar nucleus

SCPd

Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation

PVN

Paraventricular nucleus

SCR

Suprachiasmatic recess

Py

Pyramis

SCT

Spinocerebellar tract

Pyd

Pyramid

SCV

Superior cerebral vein

PyD

Pyramidal decussation

SemL

Semilunar lobule

Sep

Septal nucleus

SepC

Septal cartilage

SES

Spinal epidural space

SF

Secondary fissure

SFG

Superior frontal gyrus

SFO

Superior fronto-occipital fasciculus

SFPG

Superior frontopolar gyrus

SfS

Sphenofrontal suture

SFS

Superior frontal sulcus

SG

Straight gyrus

SgB

Spongy bone

SI

Substantia innominata

SigS

Sigmoid sinus

SL

Stria longitudinalis

SLF

Superior longitudinal fasciculus

SLs&i

Superior and inferior semilunar lobule

SMG

Supramarginal gyrus

SMT

Stria medullaris thalami

SMV

Superior medullary velum

SN

Substantia nigra

SN5N

Spinal trigeminal nucleus

Q QC

Quadrigeminal cistern

QP

Quadrigeminal plate

R RaN

Raphe nucleus

Rca

Rectus capitis anterior muscle

RCpmi

Rectus capitis posterior minor muscle

RCpmj

Rectus capitis posterior major muscle

RetN

Reticular nucleus

RF

Reticular formation

RMV

Retromandibular vein

RN

Red nucleus

RNc

Red nucleus, capsule

S

SN5T

Spinal trigeminal tract

SAA

Superior alveolar artery

SNc

Substantia nigra, pars compacta

SAS

Subarachnoid space

SNC

Superior nasal concha

SB

Sphenoid bone

SNM

Superior nasal meatus

Sb

Subiculum

SNr

Substantia nigra, pars reticularis

SC

Superior colliculus

SOG

Superior occipital gyrus

SCA

Subcallosal area

SOM

Superior oblique muscle

518

SON

Superior olivary nucleus

SoR

Supraoptic recess

SP

Septum pellucidum

SpC

Spinal cord

SPL

Superior parietal lobule

SppS

Sphenoparietal sinus

SpS

Sphenoid sinus

SPs

Stylus of septum pellucidum

SPS

Subparietal sulcus

SPtS

Superior petrosal sinus

SRG

Superior rostral gyrus

SRM

Superior rectus muscle

SS

Straight sinus

SSL

Superior semilunar lobule

SSS

Superior sagittal sinus

Ssu

Sagittal suture

ST

Stria terminalis

Sta

Stapes

STA

Superficial temporal artery

Star

Superior tarsus

STFG

Superior transverse frontopolar gyrus

STG

Superior temporal gyrus

STN

Subthalamic nucleus

STS

Superior temporal sulcus

STT

Spinothalamic tract

STV

Superficial temporal vein

SubF

Subcutaneous fat

SubT

Subcutaneous tissue

SuCV

Superficial cerebral vein

SV

Septal vein

SVV

Superior vermian vein

SyP

Styloid process

SZ

Stratum zonale

T TB

Temporal bone

TC

Tela choroidea

TCF

Transverse cerebral fissure

TcG

Transcapsular gray

TF

Thalamic fasciculus

TFPG

Transverse frontopolar gyrus

TG

Temporal gyrus

TIT

Tuberoinfundibular tract

TL

Temporal lobe

TM

Temporal muscle

To

Tonsil

TP

Temporal pole

Tp

Tapetum

TPF

Transverse pontine fibers

TrG

Trigeminal ganglion

TrM

Trapezius muscle

Tro

Trochlea

TS

Transverse sinus

TSV

Thalamostriate vein

TTG

Transverse temporal gyrus

TTGa

Anterior transverse temporal gyrus

TTGp

Posterior transverse temporal gyrus

Tu

Tuber

TuC

Tuber cinereum

TV

Thalamic vein

TyC

Tympanic cavity

TyM

Tympanic membrane

519

U

Z

UF

Uncinate fasciculus

ZB

Zygomatic bone

Un

Uncus

ZI

Zona incerta

Uv

Uvula

V V3

Third ventricle

V4

Fourth ventricle

V4a

Lateral aperture of fourth ventricle

VA

Ventral anterior nucleus

Val

Vallecula

VB

Vitreous body

VeA

Vertebral artery

VI

Velum interpositum

VL

Ventral lateral nucleus

VLac

Venous lacuna

VN

Vestibular nucleus

VP

Ventral posterior nucleus

VPL

Ventral posterior lateral nucleus

VPM

Ventral posterior medial nucleus

VS

Ventral striatum

VTA

Ventral tegmental area

520

Index

ERRNVPHGLFRVRUJ A

Ansa lenticularis (AL) 72, 74, 76, 77, 79–85, 281, 433, 435

Abducens nerve (N6) 42, 44, 46, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 62, 64, 68, 74, 90, 122, 236, 242, 246, 248, 252, 284, 286, 292, 468, 473, 474, 476–481

Ansa peduncularis (AP) 69, 74

Anterior cerebral artery (ACA) Abducens nerve nucleus (N6N) 472, 476, 478

Accessory nerve (N11) 116, 118, 224, 226, 228, 232, 236, 240, 242, 248, 254, 286, 290, 292, 296, 304

22, 23, 25–38, 40–54, 56–59, 61–63, 263, 265–267, 272, 278, 400, 417, 426–428, 430–432, 434–444, 446, 454

Anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) 252, 256, 258

Anterior clinoid process (ACP) Accessory nerve, spinal root (N11sr) 122, 124, 130, 132, 134, 138, 492, 494, 496, 498, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508

Adenohypophysis (AdH) 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 256, 260, 262, 264, 268, 270, 274, 445, 447, 456, 460

Amygdaloid (Amg) nucleus 58, 60–82, 84, 88, 94, 214, 216, 218, 220–222, 224, 226–240, 242–244, 246, 248, 286, 288, 289, 292–304, 306–308, 310, 311, 436, 438, 440–446, 448–451, 453–456, 458

Angular gyrus (AG) 133, 135, 138, 142, 144–151, 153–158, 160–166, 168, 170, 188, 190, 192, 194, 196–216, 218, 300, 302, 304, 306, 308, 312, 314–332, 334–338, 340, 342, 360, 364, 366, 368–371

462, 464

Anterior commissure (AC) 60, 62–70, 74, 81, 218, 220, 222, 224, 226, 228, 230, 232, 234, 236, 238–240, 242–247, 249, 252–263, 265–269, 271–274, 276, 278–281, 284–286, 290–292, 294, 296, 298, 300, 302, 304, 306, 424–430, 432, 434, 436

Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) 465, 487

Anterior nucleus (AN) 72–79, 81, 83–86, 88, 89, 94, 95, 250–256, 258, 259, 262, 266–273, 275, 401, 403–405, 408–410, 414, 415

Anterior orbital gyrus (AObG) 6–23, 25–29

521

Anterior quadrangular lobule (AQL) 110, 112–114, 116–128, 131, 132, 134, 136–153, 157, 159, 160, 215, 217–227, 229–238, 240–242, 281, 283–287, 289–297, 299–306, 311, 438, 442–444, 446, 448–465, 467, 469, 470, 473–476, 478

Anterior quadrangular lobule, anterior (AQLa)

B Basal vein (BV) 117, 123, 127, 237, 239, 241, 243, 245, 247, 253, 255, 267, 269, 271, 273, 275, 277, 279, 281, 283, 285, 287, 289, 291, 293, 423, 425, 427, 429, 431, 433, 435, 437, 439

462, 464, 466

Basilar artery (BA) Anterior quadrangular lobule, posterior (AQLp) 466

Anterior transverse temporal gyrus (TTGa) 196, 198, 200, 202–204, 206

Anteroprincipal nucleus (ApN) 88

Anteroventral nucleus (AvN) 82, 86, 255, 404

78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 90, 92, 96, 98, 255–261, 263–267, 270, 272, 278, 284, 451, 453, 455, 457, 459–462, 464, 466, 468–482, 484, 486

Basis pontis (BP) 82, 84, 95, 103, 105, 247, 253, 255, 259, 265, 267, 269, 271, 273, 275, 277, 279, 285

Bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BN) 62, 68, 70, 252, 270, 272, 422, 428, 429

Biventral lobule (BvL)

105, 109, 111, 113–115, 117, 119, 121, 262–264, 431–439, 441–451, 454

118, 122–125, 128–139, 142–151, 154–159, 164, 215, 217, 219, 222, 223, 225, 227, 231, 233, 235–243, 245, 247, 249, 251, 253, 255, 259, 261, 263, 265, 269, 271, 275, 277, 281, 283, 286, 287, 293, 295, 298, 299, 301, 303, 305, 307, 309, 311, 480, 482, 488, 489, 494, 497

Arachnoid granulation (ArG)

Biventral lobule, lateral (BvLl)

348, 350, 352, 354

226, 229, 230, 232, 234, 282, 289, 290, 292, 296, 300, 302, 306, 308, 310, 470, 481, 482, 484, 486, 489–495, 497, 499, 501, 503

Aqueduct (Aq)

Articular disc (ArD) 186, 188

Biventral lobule, medial (BvLm) Auditory radiation (AR) 94, 95, 214, 217, 220–225, 306, 307, 310, 311, 315, 414, 422, 428, 429

228, 230, 232, 234, 236, 240, 246, 248, 252, 258, 264, 268, 272, 274, 278–280, 284, 470, 474, 476, 478, 481–486, 489–506

Auditory tube (AuT)

Brachium of inferior colliculus (BIC)

66, 220, 310, 486, 494, 496, 498, 500, 502, 504, 506

290

Auditory tube, cartilaginous part (AuTcp)

Brachium of superior colliculus (BSC)

66, 496, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508

102, 104

522

C

Cavum vergae (CV) 108

Calcar avis (CalA)

Central canal (CeC)

218, 222, 310, 312

506, 507

Calcarine sulcus (CalS)

Central gray substance (CGS)

127, 129, 131, 133–181, 226–229, 231, 233–235, 237–239, 241–243, 245, 249–252, 254–257, 260–263, 265, 269, 271, 274–277, 280, 281, 283, 286–289, 291–293, 295–302, 304, 306, 310, 312, 407, 410–413, 416–422, 424–428, 430, 431, 433, 436–439, 443, 445

104, 106, 108, 109, 114–116, 120, 121, 435, 446, 454

Central lobule (CL) 24, 126, 128, 130–138, 140, 244, 246, 248–250, 252–256, 258–260, 262–269, 271–279, 435, 438, 440–457, 459–461, 463, 465

Callosomarginal artery (CMA) 40, 42, 45, 47, 49–51, 53, 55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67–69, 71, 75, 77, 81, 89, 100, 108, 109, 121, 250, 252, 263, 267, 370, 372, 373, 375, 377, 381, 383, 385, 387, 391, 393, 395, 399, 401, 402, 405, 407, 419, 421

Central lobule, wing (CLw)

Caudate nucleus (CN)

Central sulcus (CeS)

408, 429

62, 70, 72, 76, 78, 79, 82–86, 90–93, 96–99, 102–107, 110–113, 115–120, 122, 123, 125, 128, 186–219, 222–231, 234–239, 242–245, 248–252, 254–257, 260, 261, 264, 268, 270, 271, 274, 276, 277, 280–283, 286– 289, 292–295, 298–309, 312–324, 326–343, 348–383, 386–401, 404–407, 410–413, 416–419

Caudate nucleus, body (CNb) 66–95, 97–109, 111, 113, 230, 232–234, 236–245, 287, 289–294, 296–298, 388, 390, 392–397

102, 104, 106, 108, 116, 118, 122–127, 131, 133, 135, 137, 227–232, 234–236, 238–242, 279–282, 284–286, 288, 290, 294–296, 298, 299, 445–465, 467, 469

Caudate nucleus, head (CNh) 32, 34, 36–65, 230–247, 249–255, 258, 260, 271, 273, 275, 277–293, 295, 297, 299, 395, 398–403, 405–419, 421–426, 428–432, 435

Central sulcus of insula (CeSIN)

Caudate nucleus, tail (CNt)

Central tegmental tract (CTT)

80, 82, 86, 88–104, 106–114, 116, 117, 120, 121, 212, 214–216, 219–224, 226, 229, 300–302, 304–307, 310, 312, 314–316, 403, 405, 408–411, 414, 415, 417, 420–432, 434, 436, 438–440

435, 442, 448, 450, 457, 461, 463, 465–468, 470, 472, 473

206–217, 221, 309, 311, 313, 315–318, 320, 403, 404, 406, 428

Centromedian nucleus (CM) 85, 86, 88, 90, 91, 95–97, 99–101, 103, 105, 242–244, 246, 247, 249–253, 276, 278–281, 422, 423, 428, 429

Cavernous sinus (CavS) 55, 56, 58–61, 63, 65–67, 70, 72, 76, 82, 84, 86, 242, 244, 276, 280, 282, 286, 462, 464, 466, 468

Centrum semiovale (Cso)

Cavum septum pellucidum (CSP)

Cerebellar commissure (CbllC)

50, 51, 414

140, 152, 153, 460

370, 379, 380

523

Cerebellar falx (CbllF)

Cingulate gyrus (CG)

166, 168, 404

16–118, 120–127, 132, 134, 176, 244, 245, 247, 248, 251–253, 255–268, 270–272, 274–279, 281, 369, 371–413, 415–421, 424, 425, 430, 432, 434, 440

Cerebellar tentorium (CbllT) 109, 112, 118, 120, 124, 126, 127, 130, 132, 136, 138, 146, 148, 152, 154, 156, 158, 160, 164, 166, 170, 274, 276, 286, 292, 298, 300, 304, 306, 308, 312, 314, 316, 318, 320, 322, 324, 326, 328, 418, 424, 426, 428, 430, 432, 436, 438, 440, 442, 444, 452, 455, 456, 458, 461, 462, 464

Cerebellomedullary cistern (CMC) 137, 138, 142–151, 154, 156, 158, 159, 162, 163, 165, 167, 169, 254, 260, 264, 270, 276, 280, 282, 286, 488–497, 499–503, 505–507, 509

Cerebellothalamic tract (CtT) 440

Cingulate gyrus, isthmus (CGi) 118, 120, 126–128, 260, 274, 275, 279

Cingulate gyrus, retrosplenial (CGrs) 126, 128, 134, 253, 258, 260, 262, 266, 268, 272, 273, 278, 394, 396, 408

Cingulate sulcus (CS) 12, 14–84, 87–120, 122, 127, 128, 242–245, 248, 249, 251, 254–263, 265, 268–272, 274, 275, 277, 279–283, 286, 287, 369, 372–374, 376, 378–394, 396–403, 405–407, 410–414, 416, 418–420, 426, 430, 436, 442, 444

Cerebral falx (CF)

Cingulum (Cg)

4–42, 44, 46–48, 50–87, 89–156, 158, 160–173, 180, 264, 266, 268, 351, 352, 354, 356–374, 376, 378, 380, 382, 384–386, 388, 390, 392, 394, 396, 400, 404, 406, 410, 412, 416–418, 420, 424, 426, 430, 432, 436, 438, 442, 444, 448, 450, 452, 456

34, 36, 38, 39, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62–64, 66, 68–70, 72–75, 80, 81, 86, 88–90, 92, 94–96, 98, 100, 102, 104, 106, 108–110, 112, 114, 115, 120, 121, 216, 218, 222, 230, 232, 236, 240, 242, 250, 254, 270, 274, 276, 278–280, 286, 288, 292, 300, 302, 306, 310, 312, 314, 387–389, 391, 393, 396, 397, 440

Choroid fissure (ChF) 109, 220

Cingulum, subcallosal (Cgs) Choroid plexus (CP)

70, 71

75, 120, 123, 127, 129, 220, 225, 227, 232, 243, 269, 282, 291, 296, 297, 396, 398, 402, 409, 415, 419, 428, 429, 431, 481, 484

Circular sulcus of insula (CirS) 214, 219–223, 225, 227, 301, 303, 307, 310–312, 314, 315, 405

Choroid plexus in the fourth ventricle (CP4) 270, 272

Claustrum (Cl)

115, 119, 121, 290, 403, 408

42, 44, 46, 48, 50–55, 58–70, 72–84, 86–90, 92–95, 214, 216, 218–227, 303, 304, 306–308, 310, 312, 314, 398, 400, 402, 404, 406, 408–410, 412–415, 417–419, 422, 423, 426–430, 433, 434, 436, 438, 440

Choroid plexus in the third ventricle (CP3)

Clava (Cv)

75

263

Choroid plexus in the lateral ventricle (CPlv)

524

Clivus (Cliv)

Corpus callosum fiber (CCF)

498, 500, 502

44, 46, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 62, 297, 385, 387–391, 393

Cochlea (Cla) 480

Corpus callosum, genu (CCg)

Cochlear nucleus (ClaN) 480

30, 32, 34–45, 47, 246, 251, 255–261, 263, 264, 266, 267, 269, 271–274, 277–279, 284, 398, 400, 402, 404, 406, 408, 412–424

Collateral sulcus (ColS)

Corpus callosum, rostrum (CCr)

59, 61, 64, 65, 67–74, 76, 77, 79–138, 140–142, 144–150, 152–154, 156, 158–160, 162, 164–166, 168, 170, 204, 212, 214, 215, 217–226, 228, 230, 232, 236, 237, 243, 295, 297, 299–301, 305–307, 309–311, 313, 433–435, 437–445, 447–455, 457, 459, 460, 462–466, 468, 470, 472

46–51, 53, 55, 246, 252, 259, 263, 265, 267, 269, 275, 279, 284

Commissure of inferior colliculus (ICc)

Corpus callosum, splenium (CCs) 104, 108, 110, 112–114, 116–123, 126, 232, 237, 239–243, 246, 247, 249, 252–255, 258–261, 263–267, 269, 271–279, 281, 283–285, 287, 291, 297, 396–405, 408–418, 420

454

Corpus callosum, toward the genu (CCtg) Commissure of superior colliculus (SCc)

396, 397

110, 121

Corticospinal tract (CST) 500, 506

252, 258, 259, 272, 274, 278, 461, 468, 472–480, 482, 484, 486

Confluence of sinuses (CfS)

Cribriform plate (CrP)

171–177, 179, 256, 260, 263–265, 269, 445, 448, 450–453, 456–459, 462, 464, 466, 468, 470

470

Condyloid process (CyP)

Crista galli (CrG) Coronal suture (CSu)

458, 462, 464, 466

348, 350, 352, 354, 356, 366, 390, 420

Crus cerebri (CrC) 38, 42, 228, 390, 392, 394, 396, 397

80, 82–84, 86–105, 240, 242, 244–261, 268, 272–281, 284–286, 290, 432–451, 454, 456, 460

Corpus callosum (CC)

Culmen (Cul)

66, 85, 86, 97, 102, 106, 111, 125, 283, 290, 401, 403, 405, 407, 409, 411

128, 130, 132, 134, 136–150, 152, 244, 246, 247, 249, 252, 253, 255, 256, 258–261, 263, 265–267, 269–273, 275–278, 426, 428, 430–434, 436–442, 444, 446, 450, 454, 456–460, 462, 463, 465

Corona radiata (CR)

Corpus callosum, body (CCb) 46, 48–59, 61–65, 67–85, 87–95, 97–101, 103–105, 107–109, 115, 240, 243, 245–247, 251–255, 257–259, 261–269, 271–279, 281, 284, 285, 287, 290, 291, 392–397, 399

Culmen, anterior (Cula) 244, 248, 268, 443, 445, 449, 451, 453

525

Culmen, posterior (Culp)

Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus (DLF)

248, 443, 445, 449, 451, 453

410, 414

Cuneate nucleus (CuN)

Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve (N10D)

500

132, 490, 499

Cuneus (Cu)

Dorsomedial nucleus (DM)

129, 131–181, 231, 233, 235–239, 241, 243–246, 248, 251, 255–257, 260–265, 269–271, 274–277, 280–283, 287–289, 291, 293–299, 301, 380, 382, 386, 388, 390, 392–395, 398–401, 404–407, 410– 413, 416–421, 424, 425, 427, 430

78–105, 108, 249–281, 401, 403–405, 408–411, 414, 415, 417, 419, 422, 423

D

Dura mater (Dur) 62, 172, 178, 180, 348, 354, 366, 456, 462, 472

E

Declive (Dc)

Emboliform nucleus (EmN)

137, 139, 141–143, 145–147, 149–156, 158, 160, 165, 244, 247, 249–251, 254, 255, 257, 260, 263, 264, 268–271, 275–277, 280, 438, 444, 448, 450, 452, 453, 456–459, 462–465, 467

140, 141, 252, 254, 272, 462, 464

Dentate gyrus (DG) 95, 101, 109, 115, 121, 123, 127, 218, 220–229, 231, 233, 235, 239, 289–291, 296, 297, 299, 301–307, 311, 442

Dentate nucleus (DN) 88, 130, 132–140, 142–147, 237, 241–243, 245, 246, 248, 250, 252, 274, 275, 277–284, 286, 287, 290, 292, 464, 466–477, 479, 481

Emissary vein (EV) 98, 102, 104, 196, 198, 200, 334, 336, 474, 476, 478, 480, 482, 484, 502, 504, 506

Entorhinal cortex (Ent) 56, 62, 64, 68, 74, 88, 232, 233

Epidermis (Epi) 176, 178, 180

Ethmoidal cell (EthC) 466

Dermis (Der) 176

External acoustic meatus (EAM) 492

Diagonal band of Broca (DB) 62

Digastric muscle, posterior belly (DiMp) 332, 334, 336, 338, 340, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508

Dorsal hypothalamus (DH) 426, 428

External capsule (EC) 46, 48–65, 68–95, 97, 218–227, 303–306, 310, 400, 402, 404, 406–410, 412–415, 418, 419, 422, 423, 427–430, 434, 436

External medullary lamina (EML) 76, 80, 94, 95, 296

526

External occipital crest (EOC)

Flocculus, peduncle (Flp)

506

133, 135, 137, 143, 479

External occipital protuberance (EOP)

Folium (Fol)

480, 500, 502

154–163, 165, 244, 248–251, 254, 255, 257, 260–263, 268, 270, 271, 274, 275, 462, 466, 469, 471, 475, 477, 479, 481

Extraventricular choroid plexus (ECP) 488

Forceps major (Fmj) Extreme capsule (EmC) 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52–58, 60–83, 87–90, 92, 94, 95, 214, 216, 218, 220–224, 226, 227, 304, 306–308, 310, 312, 402, 408–410, 414, 415, 419, 421–424, 427–430, 432, 434, 436

126, 128, 134, 142, 144, 146, 396, 400, 401, 404, 408, 419, 421

Forceps minor (Fmi) 30, 38, 396, 400, 401, 404, 425, 427, 428

Eyeball (Ey)

Fornix, body (Fxb)

5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 216, 318, 319

70–101, 240, 256–262, 265, 272, 273, 278, 283, 285, 400–405

Fornix, column (Fxc)

F Facial colliculus (FC) 473, 477, 479

64–70, 72, 74–77, 80, 114, 115, 255, 261–269, 273, 278, 406, 408–412, 414–416, 418–438, 440, 442, 446, 448

Fornix, crus (Fxcr) 102–115, 117, 121, 237, 239, 241, 242, 247, 248, 250, 252, 253, 255, 274, 275, 277, 279–282, 284, 287, 289–291, 404, 406, 408–410, 412, 414, 416

Facial nerve (N7) 104, 110, 112, 204, 206, 208, 212, 214, 216, 220, 224, 226, 228, 230, 232, 236, 240, 286, 290, 292, 294, 296, 298, 300, 304, 310, 316, 320, 326, 328, 330, 478–484, 490, 492, 494, 496, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508

Fourth ventricle (V4) 123–127, 129, 131, 133, 135, 137, 139, 143, 247, 249, 251–253, 255, 257–267, 269, 271, 273, 275, 453, 455, 457, 459, 461, 463, 465–474, 476–491, 493, 497, 499, 501

Fasciculus retroflexus (FR) 268, 424, 426, 434, 435

Frontal bone (FB)

136, 141, 143, 260, 266, 268, 462, 464

210, 348, 350, 354, 356, 360, 364, 366, 372, 374, 376, 378, 380, 382, 386, 388, 390, 412, 416, 418, 420, 444, 448, 450, 452, 456

Fields of Forel (FF)

Frontal crest (FrC)

86, 88–90, 94, 254, 258, 260, 273, 278, 279, 284

420, 424, 436, 452

Flocculus (Fl)

Frontal nerve (FrN)

117–119, 122–125, 129, 226, 228, 230–235, 238–241, 245, 287–293, 295–297, 299, 475, 478, 480–487

448, 452

Fastigial nucleus (FN)

527

Frontal sinus (FSi)

Globus pallidus, medial medullary lamina

456

(GPml)

Frontomarginal gyrus (FMG) 4–13

70–74, 77–79, 86–88, 231, 232, 237, 239–242, 283–287, 289–292, 294–297, 421–424, 426, 428, 429, 431

Frontomarginal sulcus (FMS)

Glossopharyngeal nerve (N9)

6, 8, 10

226, 228, 236, 240, 242, 246, 484, 486, 488, 489, 502

Fronto-occipital fasciculus (FOF) 30, 36, 39, 50, 51, 54, 62, 69, 72, 74–76, 88, 89, 108, 114, 120, 140, 216, 290, 381–387, 390, 392, 402, 403

Frontozygomatic suture (FZS) 8

Gracile lobule (GL) 116, 118, 122–125, 128–139, 142–151, 154–171, 173, 175, 177, 179, 209, 211, 213–223, 225–231, 234, 235, 237–239, 242, 243, 245, 280, 281, 283, 286–289, 293–296, 298, 299, 301–318, 320, 468, 470, 481–486, 488–495, 497, 499, 501, 503

Great cerebral vein (GCV)

G

117, 119–121, 123, 136, 249, 255, 257, 259, 261, 263, 265, 267, 269, 402, 404, 406, 408, 416–419, 421, 423, 424, 426, 430, 432, 434

Globose nucleus (GN) 137, 139, 141, 143, 258, 464

H

Globus pallidus (GP) 66, 94, 253, 436

Habenula (Hb) 264, 419, 421, 423, 434

Globus pallidus, external segment (GPe) 59–64, 67–88, 90–93, 95, 224–237, 239–243, 245–247, 249, 281–304, 413–415, 417–419, 421–423, 425, 428–432, 434

Habenular commissure (HC) 108, 109, 266, 420, 422, 424, 425

Habenular nucleus (HN) Globus pallidus, internal segment (GPi)

108, 257, 259, 420, 422, 425

62, 64, 65, 67–89, 91, 226–237, 239–243, 245–249, 277, 279, 280, 282–285, 287, 289–301, 421, 423–426, 428–432, 434

Hippocampal sulcus (HiS)

Globus pallidus, lateral medullary lamina

Hippocampus (Hi)

(GPll)

78–120, 122, 125–127, 212, 214, 216, 218–224, 226–233, 235, 236, 238, 240, 242, 246, 248, 284, 286, 288, 290, 292–307, 310, 312, 314–316, 420, 421, 423–429, 431–439, 441–461

66, 68, 70–72, 74, 77, 79–83, 85–91, 93, 95, 228, 230–233, 236–239, 241, 287, 289, 291, 293–297, 302, 414, 418, 419, 426, 428, 429, 431

89, 92, 94, 434, 442, 446, 454

528

Hippocampus, alveus (Hia)

Hypothalamus, middle (Hypm)

100, 108, 109, 112, 114, 116, 120, 218, 220, 225, 227, 303, 305, 306, 310, 312, 314, 428, 440, 442, 446, 454, 455, 460

441

Hippocampus, commissure (Hic)

I

114, 403

Hippocampus, fimbria (Hif)

Inferior cerebellar artery (ICbllA)

95, 106, 108, 112, 114, 116, 117, 121, 123, 125, 127, 218, 220, 224–226, 228, 229, 231, 232, 234, 235, 246, 284, 286, 290, 292, 294, 295, 297–299, 302, 304, 412, 414, 416, 428, 430, 434

463

Hippocampus, tail (Hit)

Inferior cerebellar peduncle (ICP) 112, 118, 122, 124, 128–130, 132, 134, 136, 244, 246, 252, 253, 276, 478, 480, 482, 484–486, 488, 490, 493, 495, 497

414, 422

Inferior colliculus (ICol) Horizontal fissure (HF) 110, 112, 113, 116, 118, 122, 123, 125, 128–132, 134–138, 142–145, 147, 149–151, 154–164, 166–170, 172, 173, 203, 205, 207–217, 219, 222, 225–229, 231, 234, 235, 237, 238, 242, 243, 245, 248, 249, 251, 254, 256, 257, 261, 263–265, 269–271, 275, 276, 281–283, 287–289, 292–295, 298–309, 312–323, 325, 468, 471, 474, 476, 478

117–124, 126, 254, 255, 258, 259, 261, 265–267, 269–273, 439, 441, 443, 447, 448, 450, 451, 454

Inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) 8, 10, 26, 27, 32, 39, 40, 45–47, 50, 57, 62, 117, 317, 318, 320, 331, 333, 396, 417, 425, 433

Inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part (IFGop) Hypoglossal canal (HyC) 502, 504

44–49, 52–59, 61, 186, 188, 190–208, 210, 316, 318–342, 373, 375, 377–384, 386–395, 398–401, 404–407, 410–413, 416–421, 424–426, 448

Hypoglossal nerve (N12) 110, 112, 116, 118, 122, 226, 228, 232, 236, 240, 246, 248, 254, 280, 282, 284, 286, 288, 290, 292, 294, 296, 298, 300, 302, 304, 494, 495, 498, 500, 502

Inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part (IFGob) 14–20, 38, 40, 41, 43, 48, 196, 198–213, 215, 294, 298, 300, 302, 304, 306–310, 312–329, 331, 419, 421, 425, 427, 436, 442, 444, 450

Hypoglossal nerve nucleus (N12N) 130, 487, 489, 490, 492, 499

Inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part (IFGtr)

Hypothalamic sulcus (HS) 75, 77, 81, 89, 95, 101

19–26, 28–37, 40–43, 190, 192, 194–211, 213, 314, 316, 318–336, 338, 339, 387, 389–395, 398–401, 404–407, 410, 412, 413, 416–421, 424–427, 430, 432, 436

Hypothalamus (Hyp)

Inferior frontal sulcus (IFS)

68–70, 75, 81, 86, 252, 257, 259, 266, 271, 273, 424, 432, 435, 436, 438, 440–444, 446, 448, 450, 452, 454

5–26, 28–37, 39–49, 52–59, 61, 62, 65, 67, 73, 77, 91, 125, 198, 200, 202–206, 210, 212, 216, 308, 314, 316, 318–320, 322–326, 328, 330, 373, 375, 377, 379, 381–384, 386–396, 398–401, 404–407, 410–413, 416–420, 424, 426, 430

Hypothalamus, anterior (Hypa) 441

529

Inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFO) 38, 74, 314, 318

119, 123, 125, 127, 130, 132, 134, 136, 263–265, 390, 392–399, 401, 403, 405, 409, 421

Inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF)

Inferior semilunar lobule (ISL)

74, 76, 88, 102–104, 108, 120, 121, 126, 128, 140, 142, 158, 166, 200, 202, 204, 206, 208, 210, 212, 215, 216, 219–221, 233, 318, 320, 322, 323, 407, 417, 421

4, 8, 10, 12, 18, 20

112, 116, 118, 122, 130–138, 142–151, 154–166, 168, 170–174, 176, 203, 205, 207–214, 216, 218, 219, 221, 223–225, 227–231, 234–239, 242, 243, 245, 277, 280, 281, 283, 286–289, 293, 295, 298–304, 307–309, 311, 313–317, 319–321, 323, 325, 326, 328, 471, 474–480, 482, 488, 491, 493

Inferior nasal meatus (INM)

Inferior temporal gyrus (ITG)

Inferior nasal concha (INC)

20

Inferior oblique muscle (IOM) 4, 6, 8, 206, 208, 210, 490, 492, 494

Inferior occipital gyrus (IOG) 176–180, 196, 208, 210, 212, 214–217, 219, 222–225, 227–229, 231, 234, 235, 237–239, 242, 243, 245, 248, 249, 289, 292–295, 298, 299, 301–303, 305, 307–309, 312–329

40, 43, 44, 46–49, 52–61, 64–67, 70, 71, 73, 76–79, 82–87, 90, 93, 96–99, 102, 104–107, 110–113, 116, 118, 119, 122–125, 128–139, 141–146, 148–151, 154–162, 164, 166, 186, 188–205, 213, 304, 323, 325–333, 335–342, 420, 424, 426, 430, 432, 438, 439, 443–445, 448–453, 456–459, 462–468, 470, 474, 476, 478, 480, 482, 484, 486

Inferior temporal sulcus (ITS)

110–113, 116–118, 122, 124, 250–254, 278, 483, 485, 487, 489–500, 502, 504

40, 48, 52–61, 64–67, 70, 71, 73, 76, 77, 79, 83, 85, 87, 93, 96–99, 102, 103, 105–107, 110–113, 119, 123, 125, 129, 131, 133, 135, 155, 158, 186, 188–197, 199, 201, 203, 204, 206–208, 325–334, 336–343, 416, 420, 424, 426, 430, 451, 453, 456, 458, 462, 464, 466, 468, 470, 474, 476

Inferior petrosal sinus (IPtS)

Infundibular recess (IR)

78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 90, 92, 96, 98, 102, 104, 106, 110, 224, 226, 228, 230, 232, 234, 236, 238, 240, 242, 244, 248, 250, 280, 282, 286, 288, 290, 294, 296, 298, 300, 302, 304, 306, 468, 470, 474, 476, 478, 480, 482, 484, 488, 490, 492, 494, 496

74, 80, 266

Inferior olivary nucleus (ION)

Inferior rectus muscle (IRM) 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 478, 480, 482, 484, 488, 490, 492

Inferior rostral gyrus (IRG) 7–22, 24–31, 33–41, 46, 250, 254, 256, 260, 262, 264, 266, 268, 270–272, 274, 276, 278

Inferior sagittal sinus (ISS) 35, 37, 43, 49, 53, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 73, 77, 79, 91, 93, 97, 99, 101, 103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 113, 117,

Infundibulum (Ib) 69, 71, 74, 80, 441, 443, 456

Inner table (IT) 176, 178, 180

Insula (IN) 36–62, 64–73, 76–78, 82, 84, 86, 90–93, 95, 99, 101, 205, 218, 303, 308, 310, 312, 399, 401, 403, 404, 425–427, 432, 434–436

Insula, long gyrus (INlg) 206–215, 217, 219–221, 309, 311, 313–321, 402–404, 406, 407, 411–413, 416–418, 420, 424

530

Insula, short gyrus (INsg)

Internal cerebral vein (ICV)

204, 206–215, 217, 219, 221, 225, 307, 309, 311–318, 320, 322, 404, 406, 411–413, 416, 417, 419, 421, 424

70, 72, 74, 76, 78–81, 83, 85, 87, 89, 91, 93, 95, 97, 99–103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 113, 115, 117, 119, 121, 125, 127, 259, 261, 263, 265–267, 269, 271, 273, 397, 408, 409, 411, 414, 415, 423, 430

Intercavernous sinus (ICS) 61, 90, 258, 480, 486

Internal jugular vein (IJV) Intermediate frontal sulcus (ImFS) 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 26, 32, 40

Intermedius nerve (N7int)

110, 112, 116, 118, 122, 124, 128, 130, 214, 216, 218, 220, 224, 308, 310, 312, 314, 316, 318, 488, 490, 492, 494, 496, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508

478

Internal medullary lamina (IML)

Internal arcuate fibers (IAF)

74, 76–78, 80–83, 85, 86, 88, 100, 254, 274, 275, 279, 404, 408, 410, 414

496, 498, 502

Internal occipital protuberance (IOP) Internal capsule (IC)

452

99, 287, 398, 399, 401

Interpeduncular cistern (IPC) Internal capsule, anterior limb (ICa)

84

45–69, 71, 76, 96, 230, 237, 239, 241, 243, 244, 246, 280, 282–286, 288–291, 293, 296, 297, 299, 402–412, 414–423, 425–429, 431

Interpeduncular fossa (IPF)

Internal capsule, genu (ICg) 70, 72–75, 77, 241, 243, 246–249, 252, 278, 400, 402, 404, 405, 408, 410, 412, 414–416, 418, 419, 422, 423, 428

86, 87, 89–91, 93, 95, 97, 99, 101, 244, 250, 254, 437, 439, 441, 443, 445

Interventricular foramen (IVF) 75, 268

Internal capsule, posterior limb (ICp)

Intrabiventral fissure (IbF)

78–86, 88–92, 94–96, 226, 228, 230–238, 240–242, 280, 281, 285, 289–298, 300–305, 402, 409–412, 414–419, 421–423, 425–431

228, 234, 236, 240, 474, 476, 482, 484, 490, 492–495, 497

Intraculminate fissure (IcF) Internal capsule, retrolenticular (ICrl) 95, 101, 109

Internal capsule, sublenticular (ICsl)

128, 248, 288, 464,

130, 132, 134, 136, 142, 240, 244, 246, 254, 260, 262, 264, 266, 280, 282, 286, 439, 443, 445, 449, 451, 453, 456, 462, 466

224

Intraparietal sulcus (IPS) Internal carotid artery (ICA) 46, 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 72, 76, 78, 82, 84, 86, 90, 92, 96, 98, 102, 104, 106, 216, 218, 220, 222, 226, 230, 232, 234, 240, 246, 252, 278, 284, 290, 294, 296, 298, 302, 306, 308, 310, 312, 314, 316, 445, 447, 449, 452, 454, 460, 462, 464, 466, 468, 470, 472, 474, 476, 478, 480, 482, 484, 486, 488, 490, 492, 494, 496, 498, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508

138, 142, 144–147, 149, 199, 201, 203, 205, 207, 209, 211–216, 218, 300, 302, 306, 308, 312, 314, 316–325, 327, 329–334, 357–362, 364, 366, 368–381, 383, 387, 391, 393, 395, 399, 401, 407, 411

Intrapyramidal fissure (IpyF) 260

531

J

424–427, 430–433, 436–439, 443, 445, 448–450, 452, 453, 456, 458

Junction of supramarginal and superior

Lateral occipitotemporal gyrus (LOTG)

temporal gyrus (Jsm+stg)

72, 92, 106, 112, 114, 128, 129, 132–134, 136–138, 142, 144, 146, 148, 150, 152–154, 156–161, 220

400

Lateral orbital gyrus (LObG) 4, 6–42, 45, 47–51, 53, 55, 216, 433, 437, 439, 442–444, 448

L Lateral orbital sulcus (LObS) 12, 16, 26

Lacrimal bone (LB) 480

Lateral posterior nucleus (LP)

Lacrimal gland (LaG)

90–97, 99–101, 232, 236, 237, 239–241, 243–245, 247, 249, 276, 278–291, 293, 295–297, 299, 400–404

4

Lambda (Lam)

Lateral preoptic nucleus (LPN) 246, 422

178, 180

Lambdoid suture (LamS)

Lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) 212, 320, 322, 324, 326, 328, 506, 508

176, 178, 180, 388, 390, 452

Lamina terminalis (LT)

Lateral pterygoid plate (LPP) 508

265, 267, 433, 435, 437, 439–441

Lateral aperture of fourth ventricle (V4a)

Lateral pulvinar nucleus (LPv) 296

481, 483, 487, 501, 503, 505

Lateral dorsal nucleus (LD)

Lateral recess (LR) of fourth ventricle 491

88

Lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) 92, 94, 95, 98, 100, 107, 226, 228, 230, 232, 233, 294, 296, 298, 300, 429–432, 434–437, 440

Lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) 74

Lateral lemniscus (LL) 112, 117, 118, 120, 449, 454, 455, 457, 458, 464

Lateral rectus muscle (LRM) 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 204, 206, 208, 210, 318, 466, 468, 470, 474, 476, 478

Lateral sulcus (LS) 30, 32, 34, 36–38, 40–61, 64–67, 70–73, 76–79, 82–87, 90–93, 96–99, 102–107, 110–113, 116–120, 123, 186–211, 213, 214, 216–219, 222–228, 232, 233, 300, 301, 311, 314, 316–343, 370, 372, 374, 376, 378, 380, 382, 384, 386–395, 398–402, 404–407, 410–412, 416, 418–421, 424–428, 430–432, 436–439, 441–446, 448–450

Lateral occipital gyrus (LOG) 96, 146, 161–176, 178–181, 202–207, 209, 214, 217, 303, 392, 394, 398–401, 404–407, 410–413, 416–421,

Lateral sulcus, anterior ramus (LSa) 32

532

Lateral ventricle (LV)

Limen insulae (LI)

70, 304, 418

312

Lateral ventricle, anterior horn (LVa)

Line of Gennari (LGen)

32, 34, 36–40, 42–65, 238, 240, 242, 244, 248, 257, 261, 263, 270, 272, 280, 282–288, 300, 398–411, 413–415, 417, 419, 421–423, 426, 451

153, 157, 233

Lateral ventricle, body (LVb) 67–69, 71–88, 90–109, 113, 115, 117, 119, 236, 237, 239, 242, 243, 245–258, 260, 261, 268, 270, 271, 273–278, 280–283, 285–293, 386, 388, 390, 392, 394–397, 399, 401, 403, 410–414, 416, 423, 425

Lingual gyrus (LG) 118, 119, 121–181, 226–229, 231–246, 248–252, 254–257, 260, 261, 263–265, 269, 271, 274, 275, 277, 280–283, 285, 287–289, 291–293, 295–302, 413, 417, 418, 420, 424, 425, 427, 428, 430, 431, 433, 436–439, 442, 449, 452

Lingula (Lg) Lateral ventricle, collateral trigone (LVtr)

125, 128–132, 134, 135, 258, 260, 263–267, 444–462

110–112, 114, 116, 118, 120–127, 129, 131, 133, 218, 220, 222–229, 231–235, 238, 240, 241, 288, 292, 294–302, 400, 402, 404, 405, 408, 409, 417, 419, 422

Longitudinal cerebral fissure (LCF) 26, 27, 45, 50, 58, 62, 385, 387, 390, 394, 396, 397, 413, 419, 421–423, 425, 427, 431–434, 439, 449, 454, 460

Lateral ventricle, inferior horn (LVi) 72–75, 77–82, 84–90, 94–102, 104, 106, 108–110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 124, 128, 210, 212–216, 220, 221, 225, 230, 240, 259, 296, 303, 305–307, 310–312, 314–316, 432, 434, 436, 438, 440, 444, 446, 447, 449, 450, 452–456, 459, 461

Lateral ventricle, posterior horn (LVp) 128, 129, 131, 133, 135, 137, 139, 141, 143, 300, 303, 305, 427–431

Longus capitis muscle (LCM) 496, 498, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508

Lunogracile fissure (LGF) 116, 118, 122, 124, 128, 137, 138, 143–151, 154–171, 173, 209, 211–217, 219, 220, 222–225, 227–229, 231, 234–237, 239, 242, 243, 245, 248–250, 254, 262, 263, 274, 281, 283, 286–289, 292, 293, 295, 298–310, 312–318, 320, 466, 468, 470, 482, 484, 485, 488, 493, 495

Lateral ventricle, toward the inferior horn (Lvtif) 125

Lateral ventricle, toward the trigone (LVtt)

M

396

Lateral vestibular nucleus (LVN)

Malleus (Mal) 480

474, 476, 478

Lenticular fasciculus (LF)

Mammillary body (MB)

78, 80, 88, 89, 246, 258

78, 80, 82–85, 261–269, 439, 441, 443, 444, 446, 448, 450, 452, 454

Levator palpebrae superioris

Mammillothalamic tract (MTT)

muscle (LPS)

80, 82–84, 254, 260, 262, 266, 268, 269, 420, 422, 426, 428, 429, 431–438, 440

4, 6, 8, 210, 452, 456, 458

533

Mandible, condylar process (MDcp)

Medial frontal gyrus (MeFG)

186, 188

26, 219

Mandibular nerve (MN)

Medial geniculate nucleus (MGN)

480, 482, 484, 486, 488, 490, 492, 494, 496, 498, 502, 504, 506, 508

98, 100, 102, 108, 240, 242, 246, 248, 250, 284–286, 290, 310, 429–431, 433–437, 440

Marginal sinus (Msi)

Medial lemniscus (ML)

93, 97, 99, 103, 107, 111, 113, 117, 121, 237, 239, 243

96, 98, 100, 101, 104, 108–110, 112, 116, 246, 254, 256, 258, 259, 264, 268, 435, 437, 440, 442, 444–447, 454, 455, 457, 460–466, 468, 469, 472, 474–476, 480, 482, 484, 486–488, 490–492, 494, 495, 499, 501, 503

Marginal sulcus (MS) 105, 119, 121, 123–127, 129, 131, 133, 135, 237, 243, 245, 248, 249, 251, 254–257, 260, 262–264, 269–271, 274–277, 280–283, 286–289, 293, 295, 299, 349–371, 373–377, 379

Massa intermedia (MI) 76, 81–85, 87, 89, 263–267, 421, 423, 425, 427

Masseter muscle (MM) 186, 188, 190, 192, 340, 342

Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) 96, 98, 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 117, 120, 122, 130, 258, 262, 264, 266, 436, 438, 447, 451, 453–458, 460–462, 464, 466, 468, 472, 474, 476, 478, 480, 482, 484, 486, 488, 490, 492–494, 496, 498, 502, 504

Medial occipitotemporal gyrus (MOTG)

502

44, 46, 48, 52–61, 64–67, 70–74, 76–79, 83, 85–87, 90–92, 94, 96, 98, 99, 102–117, 119–126, 128–135, 137–146, 148–162, 164, 206–227, 230, 234, 240, 242, 246, 301, 303, 305–316, 318–320, 322, 324, 434–436, 438, 440, 442, 444, 445, 448–453, 456–460, 462, 463, 465, 466, 468–471, 474, 476, 478, 480, 482, 484, 486

Mastoid process (MP)

Medial orbital gyrus (MObG)

500, 502, 506

4, 6–42, 45, 46, 48–51, 240, 286, 288, 290, 292, 431, 433, 437, 439, 442–444, 448, 450, 452, 454, 456, 458, 460, 462, 464

Mastoid cell (MC) 474, 476, 478, 480, 482, 492

Mastoid notch (MtN)

Maxillary artery (MxA) 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 52, 56, 60, 66, 70, 196, 198, 200, 202, 204, 206, 208, 210, 212, 330, 332, 334, 336, 338, 488, 492, 494, 496, 498, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508

Medial pterygoid muscle (MPM)

Maxillary nerve (MxN)

Medial rectus muscle (MRM)

22, 24, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 64, 480, 482, 484, 486, 488, 490, 492, 494, 496

4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 466, 468, 470, 474, 476, 478

206, 210, 508

Median aperture (MA) 265, 493

Maxillary sinus (MxS) 4, 500, 502, 506

Medial forebrain bundle (MFB) 410, 416, 435, 440

Mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus (MTN) 464

534

Mesopontine tegmentum (MpT)

Motor nucleus of facial nerve (N7m)

108, 110, 111, 252, 266, 274, 440, 446, 447, 454, 455, 460

118, 122, 473, 482

Middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) 110–114, 116–119, 121–130, 132, 136, 232, 233, 237–244, 246–248, 276, 279, 280, 282–288, 290–292, 294, 296–298, 311, 466–469, 471–479, 483, 486, 487

Middle cerebral artery (MCA) 36, 38, 40, 42–44, 46, 48, 50–66, 68, 70–73, 76, 77, 91, 97, 108, 114, 204, 206, 208, 210–223, 225, 227, 229–235, 237, 239, 241, 243, 246, 252, 271, 275, 277, 281, 282, 284, 287, 289, 291, 293–299, 301–303, 306–322, 420, 424, 426, 430, 432, 434, 436, 438–456, 458, 462

N Nasal bone (NB) 470, 480

Nasolacrimal duct (NLD) 496, 500, 502, 504

Neurohypophysis (NH) Middle cerebral artery M1 segment (MCAM1)

60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 262, 264, 268, 270, 460

441

Nodule (No) Middle frontal gyrus (MFG) 4–63, 65, 67, 71, 73, 74, 77–80, 82–87, 198, 200, 202–213, 215–218, 222–225, 227–229, 231, 234, 235, 244, 300–309, 312–330, 348, 350–384, 386–396, 398–401, 404–407, 410–413, 416–420, 424, 426, 427, 430–433

130, 133, 135, 137–140, 142, 143, 256, 260, 264, 266, 466, 468, 470, 472, 474–479, 481

Nucleus accumbens (NA) 50, 55–62, 64, 68, 244–246, 249–252, 256, 260, 271, 274–281, 283, 285, 286, 288–291, 428, 436

Middle meningeal artery (MMA)

Nucleus ambiguus (Nam)

480, 482, 484, 486, 488, 490, 492, 494, 496, 498, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508

130, 132, 134, 136, 490

Nucleus ceruleus (NC) Middle nasal concha (MNC)

120, 258, 455–458, 460, 462, 464–466

4, 8, 10, 12, 18, 20, 492

Nucleus cuneatus (Ncu) Middle occipital gyrus (MOG)

459, 496, 498, 502, 504–507

176–180, 208, 210–219, 222–227, 229–232, 234, 235, 237–239, 242, 243, 245, 248, 250, 252, 289, 292–295, 298, 299, 301, 303–305, 307–309, 312–325, 327, 329, 464

Nucleus gracilis (NG)

Middle temporal gyrus (MTG) 36, 37, 39–43, 45, 47–49, 52–61, 64, 66, 67, 70–73, 76–79, 81, 85–87, 90–93, 97–99, 102–107, 110–113, 116–119, 122–125, 128–138, 142–151, 155–161, 186–209, 211–214, 218, 220, 320, 322, 323, 325–343, 406, 410, 412, 413, 416–418, 420, 421, 424–427, 430–433, 436–439, 443–445, 448–453, 455–459, 462–464, 466, 468, 470, 474, 478

496, 498, 502, 504, 506–509

Nucleus interpositus (NI) 136, 275

Nucleus of solitary tract (Nst) 490, 494

Nucleus prepositus (Np) 486

535

O

Olfactory bulb (OlB) 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 256, 260, 262, 268, 270, 464, 466, 468

Obliquus capitis superioris muscle (OCS) 206, 208, 210, 320, 322, 326, 330

Olfactory bulb and tract (OlB&T) 449

Occipital artery (OA) 332, 334, 336, 468, 488, 490, 492, 494, 496, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508

Olfactory sulcus (OlS)

Occipital bone (OB)

11, 12, 14–16, 18–22, 24–29, 31–35, 37–39, 41, 43, 44, 50, 51, 53, 55, 274, 440, 442, 444, 446, 448, 450, 452, 454, 456, 458, 460, 462

176, 178, 180, 181, 204, 448, 456, 462, 468, 470, 478, 480, 484, 488, 490, 492, 494, 496, 500, 502

Olfactory tract (OlT) 32, 38, 42, 44, 56, 62, 454

Occipital lobe (OL) 368, 378

Olfactory trigone (Oltr) 58, 59, 444, 448, 450, 454, 460

Occipital sinus (OS) 142, 146, 148, 150, 154, 156, 158, 160, 162, 164, 166, 168, 170–175, 177, 264, 265, 268–270, 276, 282, 292, 294, 298, 300, 304, 306, 308, 463, 465, 467, 469, 471, 474–485, 488, 489, 491, 493, 495, 497, 501, 503

Occipital vein (OV)

Olfactory tubercle (OlTu) 68

Ophthalmic nerve (OptN) 44, 46, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 62, 64, 68, 236, 238, 240, 288, 290, 292, 456, 466, 472

488, 502

Opitc tract (OT) Occipitomastoid suture (OMS)

436, 440

176, 178, 180

Optic chiasm (OC) Occipitotemporal sulcus (OTS) 46, 48, 52, 56, 58, 60, 70–72, 78, 82, 84, 86, 90, 92, 98, 100, 102, 108, 110, 112, 114–118, 122, 123, 125, 128, 130, 132, 134, 138, 141–143, 152, 153, 442, 444, 445, 448–453, 456–459, 462, 464, 468, 470, 474, 476, 478, 480, 482, 484, 486

Oculomotor nerve (N3) 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, 68, 70, 74, 76, 78, 80, 120, 236, 238, 240, 242, 244, 246, 248, 250, 252, 254, 256, 258, 270, 272, 274, 276, 278, 280–282, 284, 286, 288, 290, 292, 443, 450, 454, 460, 466, 468

Oculomotor nerve nucleus (N3N) 110, 112, 262, 442, 447

58, 60, 62, 64, 65, 67, 68, 254, 256, 258–260, 262, 266–269, 271–273, 275, 281, 443, 452, 454, 456

Optic nerve (ON) 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46, 50, 52, 54, 56, 62, 218, 222, 224, 226, 228, 230, 232, 234, 236, 238, 240, 242, 244, 246, 248, 250, 252, 258, 272, 274, 278, 280, 284, 286, 288, 290, 292, 294, 296, 298, 300, 302, 304, 306, 308, 452, 454, 456, 460, 466, 468

Optic radiation (OR) 94, 100, 101, 105, 107, 108, 110, 111, 113–115, 117, 119–121, 125–137, 139–143, 145, 147, 149, 151, 153, 155, 157–159, 212, 214, 216, 217, 219–227, 233, 296, 298, 302, 307, 310, 311, 407, 411, 413, 415, 417, 419, 421–425, 427–435, 437, 439, 441, 443, 445, 454

536

Optic tract (OT)

Parietal bone (PB)

66–82, 84, 86, 88, 89, 94, 157, 228, 232, 234, 236, 238, 240, 242, 244, 246–248, 250, 252, 276, 278, 280, 284, 286, 289–291, 296, 298, 434, 435, 438, 439, 441–444, 446, 448, 450, 452, 454, 456

190, 192, 194, 196, 198, 200, 202, 204, 208, 210, 336, 338, 340, 342, 348, 350, 354, 356, 360, 362, 364, 366, 368, 370, 372, 374, 376, 378, 380, 382, 386, 388, 390, 392, 458

Parietomastoid suture (PMS) Orbital gyrus (ObG)

458

5, 24, 26, 31, 43, 44, 46, 52, 54, 56, 212, 218, 220, 222, 224, 226, 228, 230, 234, 236, 238, 242, 306, 445

Parieto-occipital sulcus (POS)

Outer table (OuT) 176, 178, 180

124, 126, 128, 130–152, 154–170, 172, 174, 225, 229–231, 234–236, 238, 239, 243–246, 248–252, 255–257, 260–265, 269–271, 275–277, 280–283, 286–289, 292, 293, 295, 299, 301, 315, 360, 362, 364, 366, 368, 370, 372, 374, 376, 378, 380, 382, 386–395, 398–401, 404–407, 410–412, 416–420, 422, 424

Oval window (OvW) 482

Parotid gland (PaGl) 186, 188, 190, 342

Periaqueductal gray substance (PaG)

P

441

Pericallosal artery (PcA) Paracentral lobule (PaL) 92, 96, 98, 102, 104, 106, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122, 124, 126, 248, 250, 251, 254–257, 260–265, 268–271, 274–277, 280–283, 286, 288, 352, 356–373

21, 24–26, 28, 38–40, 42–44, 46, 48–51, 53–56, 58–60, 62–65, 67, 68, 70, 72, 73, 76–84, 86, 89, 90, 92, 94–96, 98, 100, 101, 107–109, 111, 113, 115, 119, 123, 252, 265, 267, 381, 385, 387, 389, 391–403, 405–416, 419–422, 424

Pineal gland (PG) Paracingulate gyrus (PcG)

108, 111, 112, 114, 262, 264, 266, 422, 424–428

52, 53, 269, 274, 277, 378, 384

Pineal recess (PR) Parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) 60, 61, 64, 66–87, 89–117, 119, 121, 215–217, 219–246, 252, 254, 281, 283–307, 309, 311, 313, 427–429, 431, 433–435, 437–439, 441–443, 445–451, 453–455, 457, 459, 460, 462–469

108–110, 123

Pituitary gland (PiG) 458, 462, 464

Planum temporale (PT) Paralofactory area (PaA)

107, 112, 406, 410

56, 62, 64

Pons (Po) Paraterminal gyrus (PTG)

91, 93, 97, 107, 111, 113, 260

50, 256, 262, 264–266, 268, 270

Pontine nucleus (PN) Paraventricular nucleus (PVN) 74

82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98–102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 118, 244, 246, 248–252, 254, 262–264, 266, 268, 270,

537

272, 276, 280, 284, 453, 455, 459, 461, 462, 464, 466, 468, 470–472, 474, 476, 478, 480, 482, 484, 486

Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)

Postcentral gyrus (PoG)

Posterior orbital gyrus (PObG)

70, 72, 76, 78, 79, 82–87, 90–93, 96–99, 102–107, 110–113, 116, 117, 120, 122–126, 128–131, 133, 135, 186–219, 222–231, 234–239, 242, 245, 251, 255, 257, 261, 287, 289, 292–295, 298–309, 312–331, 333–343, 348–383, 386–394, 398–401, 404–407, 410–413, 416, 417, 419

32–35, 37–39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 53, 55

Postcentral sulcus (PoS) 70, 72, 90, 92, 93, 96, 97, 99, 102, 104–107, 110–113, 116–119, 122–126, 128–130, 186–211, 213–219, 222–230, 234–236, 238, 283, 292, 294, 298, 300–309, 312–331, 333–341, 343, 348, 350, 352–383, 386–389, 391, 393, 395, 399, 401, 405, 407, 413, 417

117, 119, 123, 251, 506

Posterior quadrangular lobule (PQL) 107, 109–111, 113–120, 123–130, 132–138, 140–150, 152–154, 156–165, 167, 206, 208, 213–217, 219–221, 224, 226, 228, 230–237, 239, 241–243, 245, 281, 283, 286–289, 291, 293, 295–297, 299–301, 303–307, 309–315, 317–321, 323, 442, 450–454, 456–459, 462–465, 467, 469, 470, 472, 474–476, 478

Posterior septal nucleus (PSN) 62

Posterior cerebral artery (PCA) 70, 76, 78, 80, 82, 86, 88, 91–98, 100, 102, 104, 106–108, 110–114, 118, 120, 122, 124, 126, 243, 245, 247, 249, 251, 255, 257–261, 264, 266, 269–273, 275, 277–279, 281, 283–285, 287, 436, 438, 440–458, 461, 463

Posterior cerebral artery, anterior temporal branch (PCAa) 441

Posterior cerebral artery, parieto-occipital branch (PCApo) 441

Posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG) 252, 258, 368, 370–372, 374, 380, 382, 394, 396

Posterior clinoid process (PCP) 462

Posterior commissure (PC) 102, 104, 106–109, 261–267, 426–432, 434

Posterior communicating artery (PCoA)

Posterior superior fissure (PSF) 110, 112, 116, 120, 122, 124, 125, 128–132, 134, 136–150, 152–160, 162–165, 167, 206, 208, 210, 212–220, 222–225, 228, 229, 231, 234–237, 239, 242–245, 248, 249, 255–257, 260, 261, 263–265, 274, 276, 277, 280, 282, 286, 288, 292–295, 298–305, 307, 309, 310, 312–321, 323, 456, 458, 462, 464–470, 474, 476, 478

Posterior transverse temporal gyrus (TTGp) 196, 198, 200, 202–204, 206

Posterolateral fissure (PLF) 470, 474, 476, 478, 480

Postpyramidal fissure (PopF) 478, 479

Prebiventral fissure (PbF) 122, 124, 128, 130, 132–138, 143–151, 154, 156–158, 164, 222, 223, 225–229, 231, 233–237, 239, 242, 243, 245, 249, 251, 257, 261, 271, 275, 277, 281–284, 288, 290, 292, 294–296, 298, 299, 301–310, 466, 468, 470, 474, 476, 480, 490, 492, 493, 495, 497

453

Precentral fissure (PrF) Posterior hypothalamic area (PHyA) 88

268, 282, 448, 452, 454, 456, 458, 460

538

Precentral gyrus (PrG)

Primary fissure (PF)

52, 54, 56, 58, 60–62, 64–68, 70–73, 76–79, 82–87, 90–93, 96–99, 102–105, 107, 110–113, 116–119, 123, 186–218, 222–231, 234–239, 242–245, 249, 251, 255, 261, 271, 281, 283, 287, 289, 292–295, 298–307, 309, 312–338, 340–343, 348–381, 383, 386–395, 398–401, 404–407, 410–413, 416, 417, 419, 420, 424

110, 112–120, 122–162, 213, 216–218, 220, 223–225, 227, 229–238, 240–243, 245–252, 254, 255, 257–265, 268–271, 274–281, 283, 284, 286–290, 292–296, 298, 299, 301–307, 309–313, 436, 438, 442–445, 448–451, 453, 456–459, 462–468, 470, 472, 474, 476

Precentral sulcus (PrS) 56, 60, 66, 70, 72, 76, 78, 82, 84, 86, 87, 90–93, 98, 100, 104, 106, 186, 188, 190–219, 222–231, 234–239, 242, 243, 245, 249, 251, 255, 257, 261, 271, 275, 281, 283, 287, 289, 292–295, 298–309, 312, 313, 315–340, 342, 348–383, 386–389, 391–395, 398, 401, 405, 407, 411, 425

Pulvinar nucleus (Pv) 102, 104, 106–111, 114, 226, 228–233, 235–238, 240–247, 249, 252–255, 258–260, 270, 271, 273–295, 297–302, 408, 410, 411, 413–415, 417, 418, 420, 422–424, 427–430

Putamen (Pu) 46–97, 115, 216, 218–243, 286–308, 310, 312, 400, 402, 404, 405, 407–409, 411–415, 417–419, 422–425, 428, 429, 431, 432, 434, 436

Preculminate fissure (PcF)

Pyramid (Pyd)

118, 120, 128, 130, 132, 134, 228, 230, 232, 236, 238, 242, 246, 249, 250, 253, 256, 258, 262, 266, 274, 276, 278, 280, 282, 285, 286, 288, 290, 292, 294, 442, 445, 447–449, 451, 453, 456, 460, 462, 464

106, 110, 112, 113, 118, 122, 128, 256, 258, 260, 262, 263, 265, 266, 271, 272, 278, 483, 487–509

Precuneus (Pc) 125, 127, 129, 131–135, 137–139, 141–160, 162, 164, 166, 172, 237, 239, 242–245, 248, 250, 251, 254–257, 260, 261, 264, 265, 269–271, 274–277, 280–283, 286–289, 293, 295, 299, 349, 350, 352, 354, 356–383, 386–395, 398–401, 404–407, 411–413, 416–418

Preoccipital notch (PoN) 196, 198, 200, 202–205, 210, 212, 214, 229, 233, 322, 324, 326, 328, 330

Pyramidal decussation (PyD) 506, 508

Pyramis (Py) 144, 148–152, 154, 155, 157, 159, 244, 248, 249, 251, 252, 254, 255, 257, 260–266, 268–271, 274–277, 468–471, 474–483, 485, 489, 491

Q Quadrigeminal cistern (QC)

Preoptic area (POA)

247, 253, 259

68, 252, 258, 434, 440

Quadrigeminal plate (QP) Prepontine cistern (PPC)

263

233, 241, 247, 457, 459, 461, 464

Prepyramidal fissure (PPF) 244, 250, 254, 257, 261, 263–265, 269–271, 275–277, 482, 484, 488, 490, 494

R

Pretectum (Ptc)

Raphe nucleus (RaN)

108, 252, 428

92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 102, 436, 444, 446, 456, 490

539

Rectus capitis anterior muscle (Rca)

Semispinalis capitis muscle (SCM)

504, 506, 508

164, 166, 168, 170, 172, 174, 176, 178, 180, 190, 192, 342, 470, 476, 478, 480, 482, 488, 490, 492, 494, 496, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508

Rectus capitis posterior major muscle (RCpmj) 164, 166, 168, 170, 496, 502, 506, 508

Rectus capitis posterior minor muscle (RCpmi)

Septal cartilage (SepC) 4, 6, 506, 508

Septal vein (SV)

164, 166, 168, 170, 500, 504

49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 75, 77, 79, 81, 253, 263, 273, 409, 413, 415

Red nucleus (RN)

Septum pellucidum (SP)

92–106, 254, 255, 257–262, 268–273, 275, 431, 433, 435–443, 446, 448, 450, 454

46, 48–62, 64–66, 68, 69, 74, 75, 80, 81, 273, 400, 402–404, 407–412, 414, 416, 418

Red nucleus, capsule (RNc)

Sigmoid sinus (SigS)

258

130–136, 138, 142, 144, 192, 194, 196–198, 200, 202, 204, 206, 208, 210, 212, 214, 216, 218, 222, 224, 226, 312, 314, 316, 318, 320, 322, 324, 326, 328, 330, 332, 334, 336, 338, 340, 470, 474, 476, 478, 480, 482, 484, 488, 490, 492, 494, 496

Reticular formation (RF) 116, 250, 254, 262, 268, 274

Reticular nucleus (RetN) 74, 222, 266

Sphenofrontal suture (SfS) 452

Retromandibular vein (RMV) 342

Sphenoid bone (SB) 452, 468

S

Sphenoid bone, anterior clinoid process (ClPa) 68

Sagittal suture (SSu) 178, 348, 350, 352, 354, 364, 366, 374, 376

Sphenoid sinus (SpS) 128, 462, 464, 466, 474, 476, 480, 482, 484

Secondary fissure (SF) 130–132, 134–137, 139, 142, 144, 147, 148, 151, 238, 240, 250, 254, 257, 261, 263, 265, 268, 480, 483, 488, 492, 494, 496

Sphenoparietal sinus (SppS) 248, 468

Spinal epidural space (SES) Semicircular duct (ScD)

508

480

Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve (N5st) Semilunar lobule (SemL) 138, 148, 156, 169, 173

490

540

Spinal trigeminal nucleus (SN5N)

Stylus of septum pellucidum (SPs)

112, 114, 254

61–63

Spinal trigeminal tract and nucleus (N5st&n)

Subarachnoid space (SAS)

116, 492

508

Spinocerebellar tract (SCT)

Subcallosal area (SCA)

498, 508

48, 56, 65, 93, 256, 264, 270

Spinothalamic tract (STT)

Subcallosal gyrus (SCG)

436–438, 440, 442, 444, 446, 462, 466, 476, 480, 490, 494, 502, 504

46, 50, 52, 54, 55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 260, 264, 266, 272, 422, 423, 437

Splenius capitis muscle (SCaM)

Subcutaneous fat (SubF)

492, 494, 496, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508

180

Spongy bone (SgB)

Subcutaneous tissue (SubT)

176, 178, 180

176, 178

Stapes (Sta)

Subiculum (Sb)

482

84, 88, 100

Straight gyrus (SG)

Subparietal sulcus (SPS)

8–56, 242, 244, 246, 248, 256, 257, 260–266, 268–272, 274–276, 278, 280, 282, 286, 288, 400, 428, 431, 433, 437–440, 442–446, 450, 452, 456, 458, 460, 462

244, 246, 250, 251, 254–257, 260–262, 268–271, 274–276, 280, 282, 376, 378–383, 385–396, 398, 400–402, 404–408, 411

Straight sinus (SS)

Substantia innominata (SI)

127, 129, 131, 133, 137–170, 263–265, 267–270, 394, 396, 398, 402, 404, 406, 410–413, 415–420, 424–427, 430–433, 436–439, 442–445, 448, 449, 451, 453, 454, 457, 459, 463–465

60, 63, 65, 66, 69–71, 74, 75, 440

Stratum zonale (SZ)

Substantia nigra (SN) 82–93, 96–106, 108, 245–249, 251, 253, 255, 256, 258–260, 268, 270–279, 281, 283, 285, 433, 435–439, 441–445, 447–450, 452, 454, 460

88, 90, 92, 94, 240, 244, 246, 250, 264, 282, 290, 400, 402

Substantia nigra, pars Stria medullaris thalami (SMT)

compacta (SNc)

74, 76, 79, 80, 82, 88, 94–96, 98–101, 103, 105, 257, 259, 262–273, 275, 276, 278, 279, 284, 410, 414, 416, 418, 420, 422, 424

94, 95, 252, 440, 444, 446, 456, 460

Stria terminalis (ST) 68, 80, 88, 114, 408, 410, 414, 416

Styloid process (SyP) 506

Substantia nigra, pars reticularis (SNr) 94, 95, 252, 440, 446, 460

Subthalamic nucleus (STN) 82–92, 94, 245–249, 251–254, 270, 272, 274–285, 430–432, 434

541

Sulcus of corpus callosum (Scc)

Superior colliculus (SC)

34, 43, 44, 69, 74, 75, 80, 81, 108, 109, 114, 121, 125, 250–254, 258, 259, 262, 266, 268, 270, 279, 398–400, 403, 405, 408, 409, 411, 414

107, 109–117, 252, 256–259, 261, 265, 266, 268, 269, 271–273, 431, 433, 435, 437, 440, 442, 444, 446

Superior frontal gyrus (SFG) Superficial cerebral vein (SuCV)

34–37, 41–44, 46–48, 55, 57, 59, 61, 65, 186, 188, 190, 192, 194, 337, 341, 343

4–62, 64–68, 70–74, 76–80, 82–87, 90, 91, 93, 97, 99, 210, 212, 214, 226, 230, 236–239, 242–245, 248–251, 254–257, 260–263, 265, 268, 269, 271, 274–277, 280, 281, 283, 286–289, 292–295, 298, 299, 309, 310, 320, 348–384, 386–395, 398–401, 404–407, 410–413, 416–421, 424–427, 430–432, 436

Superficial temporal artery (STA)

Superior frontal sulcus (SFS)

186, 188, 190, 192, 194, 412, 416, 418, 420, 424, 430, 488, 494, 496, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508

4–62, 64–68, 71, 73, 77, 87, 210, 212, 214, 218, 312, 350–370, 372–384, 386–395, 398–401, 404–407, 410, 411, 413, 416–421, 424, 426, 432

52, 58, 70

Superficial middle cerebral vein (MCVs)

Superficial temporal vein (STV) 488

Superior fronto-occipital fasciculus (SFO) 38

Superior alveolar artery (SAA) 500, 502, 504, 506, 508

Superior and Inferior semilunar lobule (SLs&i) 148, 171

Superior cerebellar artery (SCbllA)

Superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) 38, 46, 50, 54, 62, 72, 74–76, 88, 108, 114, 127, 136, 216, 296, 384–391, 393–397, 399, 401

Superior medullary velum (SMV) 261, 263, 265, 267, 455–457, 460, 461

97, 99, 103, 105, 107, 111, 113, 117, 243, 249, 251, 253, 255, 257, 259, 261, 269, 271, 273, 275, 277, 279, 289, 447, 457, 459

Superior nasal concha (SNC)

Superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP)

Superior nasal meatus (SNM)

100, 103, 105, 112, 114–131, 133, 135, 248, 250, 252–260, 264, 266, 268–274, 278, 284, 453, 455, 457, 459–468, 470

20

18, 20

Superior oblique muscle (SOM) 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 456, 458, 462, 464

Superior cerebellar peduncle, decussation (SCPd) 102, 104, 106–110, 115, 260, 262, 264, 266–268, 272, 278, 449, 460, 462

Superior occipital gyrus (SOG) 176, 177, 179, 208, 210–217, 219, 222–229, 231, 234–237, 239, 243, 244, 249, 289, 292–295, 298–309, 312–321

Superior cerebellar vein (SCbllV) 129, 263, 275, 281, 297, 432

Superior olivary nucleus (SON) 480

Superior cerebral vein (SCV) 11, 13, 18–20, 22, 24, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 54, 72, 76, 78, 91, 129, 218, 224, 228, 234, 236, 283, 287, 289, 293, 308, 349–361

Superior parietal lobule (SPL) 111, 113, 117, 119, 123, 125, 128–152, 154–169, 172, 199, 201, 203, 205, 207, 209, 211–219, 222–231,

542

234–236, 238, 249, 260, 270, 292, 294, 298, 300–309, 312–334, 348, 350, 352–354, 356–383, 387, 389, 391, 393, 395, 399, 401

Superior petrosal sinus (SPtS) 45, 47, 92, 96, 98, 100, 102, 104, 106, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122, 124, 130, 132, 134, 136, 198, 200, 202, 204, 206, 208–220, 222, 225, 227, 230, 232, 236, 238, 240, 292, 294, 296, 298, 300, 302, 304, 306, 308, 312, 314, 316, 318, 320, 322–324, 326, 328, 330, 332, 334

Superior temporal sulcus (STS) 36, 40, 42, 44, 46–49, 52–61, 64–67, 70–73, 76–79, 82–87, 90–93, 97–99, 102–107, 110–113, 117–119, 122, 123, 125, 129, 131, 145, 186–208, 322–343, 406, 412, 416, 418, 420, 424, 426, 430, 432, 436, 438, 448, 450, 452, 456, 458, 459, 462, 464, 466, 468, 470, 474, 476

Superior transverse frontopolar gyrus (STFG) 8–15

Superior vermian vein (SVV) 125, 127

Superior rectus muscle (SRM) 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 452, 456, 458

Supramammillary commissure (Scom) 85

Superior rostral gyrus (SRG) 4, 6–22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 250, 254, 256, 260, 262, 266, 268, 270, 272, 274, 276

Superior sagittal sinus (SSS) 4–38, 40–50, 52–61, 64–67, 70–73, 76–79, 82–87, 90–93, 96–99, 102–107, 110–113, 116–119, 122–125, 128–139, 142, 143, 145–178, 180, 263–265, 268–270, 274, 348–383, 386, 388–392, 394, 395, 398–401, 404–407, 410–413, 416, 417, 419–421, 424–427, 430–433, 436–439, 442–445

Superior semilunar lobule (SSL) 110, 112, 116, 118, 120, 122–126, 128, 130–138, 140–145, 147–150, 152–170, 172, 199, 201–220, 222, 224–227, 229, 230, 234, 237–239, 242, 243, 245, 281–283, 287, 288, 293, 295, 299, 301–303, 305–309, 312–317, 319, 321–325, 327, 329, 456, 458, 462, 464, 466–471, 475

Supramarginal gyrus (SMG) 87, 91, 93, 96–99, 102–107, 110–113, 116–120, 122–126, 128–140, 142–144, 146, 148, 186–204, 206, 208, 210, 314, 316, 318, 320, 322, 324–343, 357–362, 364, 366, 368–384, 386–395, 398–401, 404–407, 410, 411

Supraoptic recess (SoR) 267, 439, 441

T Tapetum (Tp) 126, 127, 404, 405, 413, 415, 417, 419, 421–423, 428

Tela choroidea (TC) Superior tarsus (Star)

95, 101, 105

210, 470

Temporal bone (TB) Superior temporal gyrus (STG) 36, 37, 40–49, 52–61, 64–67, 70–73, 76–79, 83–87, 90–93, 96, 97, 99, 103–107, 110–113, 116–119, 122–125, 128–132, 134, 136, 138, 186–218, 220, 221, 224, 300, 302, 306, 308, 310, 314, 316, 318–343, 400, 404–407, 410–413, 416, 418–421, 424–427, 430–433, 436–439, 442, 444, 445, 449, 450, 452, 458, 462, 464, 466, 468, 470, 472, 476

186, 188, 190, 192, 194, 196, 334, 336, 338, 340, 342, 448, 458, 462, 464, 466, 468, 470, 474, 476, 484

Temporal gyrus (TG) 475, 476

Temporal muscle (TM) 164, 166, 168, 170, 174, 176, 400, 410, 508

543

Temporal pole (TP) 28, 30, 32–34, 126, 222, 312

338–343, 390, 392, 394, 396, 398, 400–402, 404, 406, 408, 410–413, 416, 417, 419

Thalamic fasciculus (TF)

Trapezius muscle (TrM)

79–82, 84, 88, 94

14, 172, 176, 178, 180, 508

Thalamic vein (TV)

Trigeminal ganglion (TGa)

415

478

Thalamostriate vein (TSV)

Trigeminal nerve (N5)

69, 75, 108, 110, 114, 242, 246, 247, 252, 258, 262, 393, 394, 396–406, 408, 409, 411

80, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 101, 235–238, 240, 290–292, 296, 465–469, 471–473

Third ventricle (V3)

Trochlear nerve (N4)

67–71, 73–75, 77, 79–101, 103, 263, 265, 267, 412, 414, 416, 418–423, 425–437, 440, 441, 446, 452, 454

44, 46, 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 62, 64, 68, 74, 80, 88, 90, 94, 100, 104, 108, 114, 116, 120, 240, 242, 246, 248, 252, 254, 278, 286, 290, 292, 443, 447, 448, 450, 454, 460

Tonsil (To) 128, 130–139, 142–148, 150, 240, 242, 244–246, 248, 250–260, 262, 266, 267, 269, 271–280, 284, 470, 472, 474, 476–499, 501–503, 505, 507, 509

Trochlear nerve nucleus (N4N)

Transcapsular gray (TcG)

Tuber (Tu)

62, 63, 74, 402, 408

48, 149, 151, 155–163, 165, 244, 248–251, 254, 255, 257, 260–265, 268–271, 274, 462, 464, 466

112, 114, 120

Transverse cerebral fissure (TCF) 97, 415

Tuber cinereum (TuC) 66, 70, 72, 74, 264

Transverse frontopolar gyrus (TFPG) 7

Tympanic membrane (TyM) 488

Transverse pontine fibers (TPF) 88, 100, 246, 457, 459, 461, 463–466, 468, 470, 472, 473, 486

Transverse sinus (TS) 131, 133, 135, 146, 148–151, 154–177, 192, 194, 196, 198–219, 223–228, 231, 234, 235, 237–239, 243, 245, 249–251, 255, 257, 261, 271, 274–277, 281, 283, 286, 287, 289, 292, 293, 295, 298–306, 308, 309, 312–334, 336, 444, 445, 448–450, 452, 456–459, 462–466, 468, 469

Transverse temporal gyrus (TTG) 76, 78, 82–87, 90, 91, 93, 96–99, 101–108, 116, 186–195, 197, 199, 201, 205, 207–215, 217, 219, 221, 312–336,

U Uncinate fasciculus (UF) 62–64, 68–70, 72, 74, 80, 298, 432

Uncus (Un) 63–65, 68, 69, 74, 75, 79, 80, 252, 254, 276, 280, 282, 286, 439–441, 445, 447, 449, 454

544

Uvula (Uv)

Ventral posterior nucleus (VP)

124, 128, 130, 132, 134, 137, 139, 142–147, 150, 154, 252, 256, 258, 260–263, 265–268, 270, 272, 280, 466, 468, 470–483, 485, 487, 489, 491

89, 93, 95–97, 99, 100, 102–105, 237, 239–243, 246, 248, 282, 283, 285–288, 290, 291, 293, 295, 297, 299, 410, 411, 415, 417–419, 422, 423, 428, 429

Ventral tegmental area (VTA) 96, 102, 252, 258, 436, 446, 460

V

Vertebral artery (VeA)

Vagus nerve (N10) 112, 116, 118, 226, 232, 236, 240, 242, 246, 304, 488, 490–492, 494, 496, 498, 500, 502, 504, 506, 508

Vallecula (Val) 137, 139, 155, 173, 462, 464, 466, 468, 474, 476, 478, 480, 482, 484

Velum interpositum (VI) 95, 101, 109

93, 97, 99, 102–107, 110–113, 117–119, 122–124, 128, 130, 132, 134, 136, 138, 142, 216, 218, 249, 251, 253, 260, 264, 265, 267, 271, 275, 277, 298, 302, 306, 308, 312, 314, 316, 318, 483, 485, 487–509

Vestibular nucleus (VN) 122, 124, 128, 136, 270, 272, 480, 484, 486–488, 490, 493, 494, 499

Vestibulocochlear nerve (N8) 104, 106, 110, 214, 216, 220, 224, 226, 228, 232, 236, 240, 288, 290, 292, 294, 296, 298, 300, 302, 304, 306, 308, 310, 312, 316, 477–482, 487

Venous lacuna (VLac) 138, 140

Vitreous body (VB) 478

Ventral anterior nucleus (VA) 74, 76–78, 80–89, 113, 251, 253, 257, 258, 271, 273–279, 284, 404, 405, 408, 409, 411, 414–417

Ventral lateral nucleus (VL) 78, 79, 81–92, 100, 101, 103, 105, 243–249, 251–253, 255, 276–287, 289–291, 293, 295, 297, 299, 408, 411, 414, 415, 417, 419, 422, 423, 425

Z Zona incerta (ZI) 88, 89, 94, 252, 428

Ventral posterior lateral nucleus (VPL) 100, 101, 247, 289, 414

Zygomatic bone (ZB) 464, 508

Ventral posterior medial nucleus (VPM) 100

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