Workbook for the Anatomy of Medical Terminology, 3rd Edition [3 ed.] 9781988941431

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The Anatomy of Medical Terminology A FORMULAIC WORKBOOK Online edition

Lewis Stiles & Stephen Russell

Radix Antiqua

© 2020 Lewis Stiles and Stephen Russell; 1st print edition © 2015 by Lewis Stiles and Stephen Russell All rights reserved. This book or any portion thereof may not be reproduced or used in any manner whatsoever without the express written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-1-988941-43-1 Printed in Canada. First printing of this edition 2017; this printing, 2020 Radix Antiqua Publishing Hamilton ON

Claudio imbrifero

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 CHAPTER 1: TERMINATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.1 Divide and Define 1.2 Ambiguous Terms 1.3 Confusables 1.4 Generating Words 1.5 Latin Practice 1.6 Gender 1.7 A Short History of Blurgiatics

4 8 9 10 11 12 13

CHAPTER 2: GENERAL ANATOMY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.1 Provide a Synonym 2.2 Fill-in-the-Blank 2.3 Analogies 2.4 Latin Anatomical Phrases 2.5 Latin Phrases Naming Medical Problems 2.6 Divide and Define

22 22 23 25 25 26

CHAPTER 3: MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8

Provide a Synonym Fill-in-the-Blank Analogies Latin Anatomical Phrases Latin Phrases Naming Medical Problems Divide and Define Divide and Define (Review) Divide and Define (Latin Phrases)

i

34 34 35 36 37 38 46 46

CHAPTER 4: NERVOUS SYSTEM; EYE AND EAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6

Provide a Synonym Fill-in-the-Blank Analogies Latin Anatomical Phrases Latin Phrases Naming Medical Problems Divide and Define

48 48 49 50 51 52

CHAPTER 5: CIRCULATORY & LYMPHATIC SYSTEMS; GLANDS . . . . . . . . 59 5.1 Provide a Synonym 5.2 Fill-in-the-Blank 5.3 Analogies 5.4 Latin Anatomical Phrases 5.5 Latin Phrases Naming Medical Problems 5.6 Divide and Define

60 60 61 63 63 64

CHAPTER 6: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 6.1 Provide a Synonym 6.2 Fill-in-the-Blank 6.3 Analogies 6.4 Latin Anatomical Phrases 6.5 Latin Phrases Naming Medical Problems 6.6 Divide and Define 6.7 Pluralize 6.8 Divide and Define (Diminutives) 6.9 Gender and Number 6.10 More Practice with Gender

74 74 75 76 77 78 82 83 83 84

CHAPTER 7: ORAL-DENTAL SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 7.1 Provide a Synonym 7.2 Fill-in-the-Blank 7.3 Analogies 7.4 Latin Anatomical Phrases 7.5 Latin Phrases Naming Medical Problems 7.6 Divide and Define 7.7 Divide and Define (Latin Phrases)

ii

88 88 89 90 91 92 97

CHAPTER 8: BONES OF THE HEAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 8.1 Provide a Synonym 8.2 Fill-in-the-Blank 8.3 Analogies 8.4 Latin Anatomical Phrases 8.5 Latin Phrases Naming Medical Problems 8.6 Divide and Define 8.7 Divide and Define (Review) 8.8 Divide and Define (Latin Phrases)

100 100 101 102 103 104 108 109

CHAPTER 9: DIGESTIVE SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 9.1 Provide a Synonym 9.2 Fill-in-the-Blank 9.3 Analogies 9.4 Latin Anatomical Phrases 9.5 Latin Phrases Naming Medical Problems 9.6 Divide and Define 9.7 Divide and Define (Review)

112 112 113 114 115 116 123

CHAPTER 10: URO-GENITAL SYSTEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 10.1 Provide a Synonym 10.2 Fill-in-the-Blank 10.3 Latin Anatomical Phrases 10.4 Latin Phrases Naming Medical Problems 10.5 Divide and Define

126 126 127 128 129

CHAPTER 11: PSYCHOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 11.1 Provide a Synonym 11.2 Fill-in-the-Blank 11.3 Latin Anatomical Phrases 11.4 Latin Phrases Naming Medical Problems 11.5 Divide and Define 11.6 Divide and Define (Latin Phrases) 11.7 Plurals and Singulars

iii

140 140 141 142 143 147 148

CHAPTER 12: SUBSTANCES (ET CETERA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 12.1 Provide a Synonym 12.2 Fill-in-the-Blank 12.3 Latin Anatomical Phrases 12.4 Latin Phrases Naming Medical Problems 12.5 Divide and Define

150 150 151 152 153

CHAPTER 13: PREPOSITIONAL PREFIXES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 13.1 Provide a Synonym 13.2 Fill-in-the-Blank 13.3 Analogies 13.4 Latin Anatomical Phrases 13.5 Latin Phrases Naming Medical Problems 13.6 Divide and Define

166 166 167 168 169 170

ANSWERS TO ALL EXERCISES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 APPENDIX: SAMPLE EXAMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 Sample Exam — Multiple Choice Sample Exam — Written Answers Twenty Sample Terms Translated with Explanations

iv

242 261 267

INTRODUCTION

This book is meant for use with The Anatomy of Medical Terminology (Stiles and Russell, Radix Antiqua, 2017; subsequently referred to as AMT). While some students may be able to learn the combining forms with their definitions, as presented in AMT, by some feat of brute memorization, experience shows that most of us will learn them best by doing a large number of repetitive exercises. This observation also holds true for the learning of the principles by which combinations of those combining forms (that is, the complex words and phrases of contemporary Medical Terminology) are to be translated. Therefore, each chapter of AMT is represented here by a corresponding Workbook chapter containing three main kinds of practice exercises. The value of doing these thoroughly while studying the AMT chapter in question cannot be overstated, as they are designed so that each set of exercises gives not only practice with the forms learned in that chapter but also a review of much of what has been learned in previous chapters. Note that an Answer Key is provided for each set of exercises. Chapter 1 is anomalous, but generally speaking each Workbook chapter consists of the following exercise types. Preliminary Exercises Designed to help students get started, these exercises are perhaps the most helpful for the elementary project of memorizing individual combining forms and their translations. They include a variety of subtypes, most of which are also well-represented in the course’s online component.

1

2 Introduction Latin Exercises These exercises, to be tackled when students are fairly comfortable with the previous set, give practice with the Latin words and two types of Latin phrases that are found in contemporary Medical Terminology. In addition, each of these sets provides still more practice and review of many of the combining forms presented in the corresponding AMT chapter. Translation Exercises Finally, each chapter of the Workbook has a comprehensive set of translation exercises, designed not only to reinforce memorization of the individual combining forms but also— and especially—to give plenty of practice in using the basic principles of whole-word translation. In many ways these are the core of the Workbook, and they have been used in this form since the first edition of AMT appeared in 1993. Note that the numbering of these exercises is carefully keyed to that of the corresponding AMT chapter, for ease of reference. Additional practice is readily available. One option is to do the regular exercises “backwards;” for example, translate the definitions generated by doing the regular translation exercises (once they have been checked) back into Medical Terminology. Because of the large number of synonymous forms, however, care must always be taken to ensure that the newly generated term is at least a plausible one, if it differs from the term given in the original exercise. As an advanced exercise on the other hand, any word in the regular exercises can be looked up in a large medical dictionary, and the definition found there can be compared to the one generated by the formulaic conventions of AMT. Imaginative students (particularly those with a sense of humor) can also invent words (of varying degrees of plausibility) and challenge their colleagues to translate them; if this is done in pairs or small groups it will obviously further facilitate memorization of the combining forms. In addition, the Workbook has an Appendix containing two recent final exams (also with Answer Keys), one used at the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon and the other used at McMaster University in Hamilton. Each has both drawbacks and advantages from a tester’s point of view, but together they represent the two main types of examination most appropriate for testing knowledge of this material. Answers to a selection of similar final exam questions are also discussed here. Finally, we would like to thank the students whose use of these exercises in various iterations have helped us to shape them into their present form; and we are especially grateful to Kyle McLeister for his help in the making of this book.

1 TERMINATIONS

4  Chapter 1: Terminations

1.1 DIVIDE AND DEFINE (Note that the numbering in the bracket refers to Part A in the textbook.) 1.  x-itic (14) ________________________________________________________________________ 2.  x-itogen (14, 74)__________________________________________________________________ 3.  x-orrhectic (15)___________________________________________________________________ 4.  x-o-schistic (16)__________________________________________________________________ 5.  x-iastic (17)______________________________________________________________________ 6.  x-otic (19)________________________________________________________________________ 7.  x-o-pathologic (20 & 61)___________________________________________________________ 8.  x-o-pathologist (12 & 20 & 61)______________________________________________________ 9.  x-o-megalic (21)__________________________________________________________________ 10.  x-o-phagist (12 & 22)_____________________________________________________________ 11.  x-o-genetics (23 & 60)____________________________________________________________ 12.  x-o-poietic (24)__________________________________________________________________ 13.  x-o-poietin (13 & 24)_____________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 1  5 14.  x-o-kinetic (25)__________________________________________________________________ 15.  x-o-kinin (13 & 25)_______________________________________________________________ 16.  x-o-kinetics (25 & 60)_____________________________________________________________ 17.  x-o-kinetometry (25 & 63)_________________________________________________________ 18.  x-algic (26)______________________________________________________________________ 19.  x-odynogenesis (23 & 27)_________________________________________________________ 20.  x-o-plegic (28)___________________________________________________________________ 21.  x-o-penic (29)___________________________________________________________________ 22.  x-orrhagic (30)__________________________________________________________________ 23.  x-o-malacic (31)_________________________________________________________________ 24.  x-o-necrotic (32)_________________________________________________________________ 25.  x-o-stenotic (33)_________________________________________________________________ 26.  x-o-sclerotic (34)_________________________________________________________________ 27.  x-optotic (35)____________________________________________________________________ 28.  x-agral (36)______________________________________________________________________

6  Chapter 1: Terminations 29.  x-orrheic (37)___________________________________________________________________ 30.  x-edematous (38)________________________________________________________________ 31.  x-o-celalgia (26 & 39)_____________________________________________________________ 32.  x-o-lithectomy (40 & 58)__________________________________________________________ 33.  x-o-lithiasis (17 & 40)_____________________________________________________________ 34.  x-o-spasmic (41)_________________________________________________________________ 35.  x-o-spasmia (41)_________________________________________________________________ 36.  x-ismic (42)_____________________________________________________________________ 37.  x-ectopic (43)___________________________________________________________________ 38.  x-ectatic (44)____________________________________________________________________ 39.  x-o-dysplastic (46)_______________________________________________________________ 40.  x-o-trophic (47)__________________________________________________________________ 41.  x-o-dystrophic (48)______________________________________________________________ 42.  x-atrophic (49)__________________________________________________________________ 43.  x-asthenic (50)__________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 1  7 44.  x-o-therapist (12 & 51)____________________________________________________________ 45.  x-iatrics (52 & 60)________________________________________________________________ 46.  x-iatrist (12 & 52)________________________________________________________________ 47.  x-o-centetic (55)_________________________________________________________________ 48.  x-orrhaphic (56)_________________________________________________________________ 49.  x-otomist (12 & 57)_______________________________________________________________ 50.  x-ectomize (1 & 58)______________________________________________________________ 51.  x-ectomist (12 & 58)______________________________________________________________ 52.  x-ostomize (1 & 59)______________________________________________________________ 53.  x-o-geneticist (12 & 23 & 60)______________________________________________________ 54.  x-ologic (61)_____________________________________________________________________ 55.  x-ologist (12 & 61)________________________________________________________________ 56.  x-o-metrics (60 & 63)_____________________________________________________________ 57.  x-o-pectin (13 & 65)______________________________________________________________ 58.  x-o-lytic (66) (therapeutic)________________________________________________________

8  Chapter 1: Terminations 59.  x-o-lysin (13 & 66) (diagnostic)____________________________________________________ 60.  x-o-tropism (67)_________________________________________________________________ 61.  x-o-tropin (13 & 67)______________________________________________________________ 62.  x-o-tropismic (67)_______________________________________________________________

1.2 AMBIGUOUS TERMS The following adjectives can each refer to more than one noun. Provide all possible translations. (The numbers in parentheses are keyed to the textbook numbering.) 1.  x-o-phagic (22, 68)________________________________________________________________ 2.  x-otomic (57, 69) _________________________________________________________________ 3.  x-ectomic (58, 70)_________________________________________________________________ 4.  x-o-scopic (62, 71)________________________________________________________________ 5.  x-o-clastic (18, 72)________________________________________________________________ 6.  x-o-static (53, 73)_________________________________________________________________ 7.  x-o-pathic (20, 75)________________________________________________________________ 8.  x-o-plastic (45, 54)________________________________________________________________ 9.  x-o-graphic (64, 76, 77)____________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 1  9 10.  x-o-metric (63, 78)_______________________________________________________________ 11.  x-o-tropic (81)___________________________________________________________________

1.3 CONFUSABLES As above; the terminations within each of the following groups are easily confused, but note that remembering English derivatives or cognates will often help you to distinguish them. (The numbers in parentheses are keyed to the textbook numbering.) 1.  x-orrhexis (15) (break)_____________________________________________________________ 2.  x-orrhagia (30) (hemorrhage)______________________________________________________ 3.  x-orrhea (37) (diarrhea)___________________________________________________________ 4.  x-orrhaphy (56) (rhapsody)________________________________________________________ 5.  x-optosis (35)_____________________________________________________________________ 6.  x-ectopia (43) (topography)________________________________________________________ 7.  x-ectasia (44)_____________________________________________________________________ 8.  x-o-genesis (23) (generator)________________________________________________________ 9.  x-o-poiesis (24) (poetry)___________________________________________________________ 10.  x-o-plasia (45) (plastic)___________________________________________________________ 11.  x-o-plasty (54) (plastic surgery)____________________________________________________

10  Chapter 1: Terminations 12.  x-iastic (17)_____________________________________________________________________ 13.  x-iatric (52) (psychiatric)__________________________________________________________ 14.  x-o-trophic (47) (atrophy)_________________________________________________________ 15.  x-o-tropic (81) (tropical)__________________________________________________________

1.4 GENERATING WORDS Given “tele” = “distant (things),” generate appropriate scientific terms for the following phrases. 1.  the recording of distant words______________________________________________________ 2.  an instrument for recording distant words___________________________________________ 3.  a record of distant words___________________________________________________________ 4.  one who records distant words_____________________________________________________ 5.  p.t. the recording of distant words___________________________________________________ 6.  the measurement of distant things__________________________________________________ 7.  an instrument for examining distant things__________________________________________ 8.  pertaining to the examination of distant things_______________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 1  11

1.5 LATIN PRACTICE Given the bracketed information following the first word of each group below, divide, define and give the gender of the following Latin words.

1.  omphalitis (the inflammation of the navel) omphalus (82)________________________________________________________________ omphalica (3)_________________________________________________________________ omphaloideus (10)____________________________________________________________ 2.  mammoplasty (the surgical repairing of the breast) mamma (83)__________________________________________________________________ mammarius (6)_______________________________________________________________ mammarium (6)______________________________________________________________ 3.  brachial (pertaining to the arm) brachium (84)_________________________________________________________________ brachialis (2)__________________________________________________________________ brachiale (2)__________________________________________________________________

12  Chapter 1: Terminations 4.  encephalomalacia (the softening of the brain) encephalon (85)_______________________________________________________________ encephalicum (3)______________________________________________________________ encephalicus (3)_______________________________________________________________

1.6 GENDER Determine the gender of each of the following English words (all borrowed from Latin), and supply a related word with a different ending.

1.  colloquium______________________________________________________________________ 2.  alumnus_________________________________________________________________________ 3.  datum___________________________________________________________________________ 4.  phenomenon____________________________________________________________________ 5.  cranium_________________________________________________________________________ 6.  radius___________________________________________________________________________ 7.  vertebra_________________________________________________________________________ 8.  rectum__________________________________________________________________________ 9.  retina____________________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 1  13 10.  anus___________________________________________________________________________ 11.  scrotum________________________________________________________________________ 12.  phallus_________________________________________________________________________ 13.  vagina__________________________________________________________________________ 14.  uterus__________________________________________________________________________ 15.  calculus________________________________________________________________________

1.7 A SHORT HISTORY OF BLURGIATICS (Numerically keyed to Part A in the textbook.) Divide and translate all the words in this story which appear in bold type. As is now well known, Martians at birth are inanimate objects which can be said to begin life only when some of their components begin to blurgize. The blurgal tissues thus produced quickly differentiate into blurgic organs, blurgous fluids, blurgary or blurgar appendages, miscellaneous blurgan, blurgine and blurgac body parts and—most remarkably of all— blurgoid cell-like structures. (1-10) Unfortunately, the first Martian with whom we came into contact immediately exploded. This problem was tentatively, if a bit uselessly, diagnosed as blurgia; the blurgist of course had only a few small scraps of blurgin to work with. The second Martian also exploded, but slightly more slowly, so that it was possible to observe that he was suffering (for a nanosecond or two) from a rare form of blurgitis which quickly blossomed (so to speak) into full-scale blurgorrhexis; at least one example of blurgoschisis may have occurred during this process, but this (extremely) transient case of blurgoschistiasis has not been confirmed. If this line of research had turned out to be productive, it may have someday been possible to modify our initial diagnosis: some form of blurgoclastic blurgosis may be the real culprit. (11-19) It was soon proposed that whatever the underlying blurgopathy, nothing can very satisfactorily explode without undergoing a (rapid) burst (so to speak) of expansion, so that some degree of blurgomegaly might be involved. The extreme expedient of blurgophagy

14  Chapter 1: Terminations (only resorted to when one of us claimed that our ancient “Father of Medicine” had himself sometimes tasted the excrement of his patients) led nowhere, as after only a mouthful or two of exploded Martian the blurgophagist turned green, vomited, and refused to discuss what in a later unguarded moment he did call a “really weird trip.” (20-22) After the explosion of the third, fourth and fifth Martians, enough material was finally gathered that two teams were able to independently pursue promising lines of research based on the hope that at least one Martian might be able to be put together out of the (now rather more plentiful) bits of the first five. Sad to say, neither simulations of blurgogenesis nor optimizations of the necessary conditions for blurgopoiesis resulted in objects which truly exhibited blurgokinesis. (Initially exciting blurgokinetoid quiverings were later discovered to be due to some of the bits having been too long out of the fridge.) (23-25) The new objects, however, at least did not explode. Thus they could be subjected to various forms of blurgokinetogenesis, most promisingly by the application (by means of electric shock) of blurgalgia and blurgodynia on alternate days. This approach was hampered by the dawning realization that none of us even knew at that time whether the reconstituted objects were themselves blurgs, merely blurgary or not even remotely blurganoid— which brought us pretty close to back to the beginning. “If only we could find a working blurgalizin or even some definite, indisputable blurgicoidous material of any kind to work on!”, was our cry, and wilder and wilder theories ran amok. Some of us began to darkly mutter about how the rest were suffering from “blurgistoplegia.” The real problem, of course, was again lack of refrigeration: blurgopenia was setting in, leaving us with more and more theories and less and less actual stuff to theorize about. (26-29; and review) Finally we got a sixth Martian, and for unknown reasons, this one did not explode, exactly. It did, however, suffer from apparent blurgalorrhagia, occasional blurgicomalacia, and (in very general terms) systemic blurgosonecrosis; this was often preceded (depending upon the apparent system) by blurgarostenosis, blurganosclerosis, or blurgacoptotic blurgoidagroidia. When the blurgorrhagic symptoms let up, blurgorrhea was sometimes seen. Occasional blurgedema resulted in blurgocele (something I hope you never have to see). Blurgoliths exuded during blurgedematocele were either the result or the cause of blurgospasticoid blurgismus. (30-42) The seventh Martian lived even longer (nearly two minutes), and so we were able to observe slower processes of decay. Blurgectopia, for example, seemed to either cause or be caused by blurgectasia, so that we were again divided into two camps (“blurgistoschisis!”, cried the wits), one diagnosing blurgectopic blurgectasia and the other swearing by blurgectatic blurgectopia. Normal (we guessed) blurgoplasia (sometimes of course confused with blurgopoiesis) was observed in the first minute or so, but it was followed in every case by blurgodysplasia; similarly, apparently normal blurgotrophy gave way to various forms of blurgodystrophy and blurgatrophy (although this last problem may well have only

Exercises for Chapter 1  15 been blurgasthenia). But the most exciting result of the seventh Martian was that, because he didn’t explode at all, we were able to harvest what we were pretty sure were whole blurgs and even a litre or so of pure blurg (we hoped). With this material, the possibility of blurgotherapy seemed assured. (43-51) But the eighth and ninth Martians exploded again (one quickly, one slowly—don’t ask) and then there were no Martians at all for a while. But the tenth Martian seemed to be fading even more slowly than the seventh, so we fed him bits of (putative) blurg and (putative) blurgal bits and injected it or them with blurgotherapeutic blurgins—by the sixth minute we could confidently say that the slow dying had become even more slow and that the field of blurgiatry had truly begun! “Blurgonecrotostasis at Last” was the blogline; and “Blurgoplastic Blurgicocentesis Comes of Age.” Blurgorrhaphic Clinics sprang up in anticipation, and Learned Chairs in Blurgotomy, Blurgectomy and Blurgostomy were confidently endowed in the expectation of a population explosion of (non-exploding, yet sick) patients. Blurgics was becoming a respectable calling, and blurgologists, previously scarce, were a dime a dozen. (52-61) The next dozen Martians, of course, exploded upon arrival. Undaunted, we pioneers persevered. Upon the surviving Martian and their child (if only that were the right word) we performed blurgaloscopies and blurgotometries and even blurgonecrotographies. Where blurgalopexy was the unfortunate result of our blurgopexies, to avoid the old trouble of rapid blurgolysis we figured out that a timely blurgosolysis on just the right blurgic tissues might do the trick; and when a single nth-to-the-nth-plus-three Martian (apparently the “sister” of the aforementioned “child”) survived into the eleventh minute, the whole new field of blurgotropism was opened up by researchers who inadvertently discovered blurgophages living on the improperly sanitized blades of blurgotomes, blurgectomes and blurgostomes (sort of like paper-punchers, but only sort of ). Frantic work with blurgoscopes followed, and when we finally got some more non-exploding (but satisfactorily sick) Martians, we discovered a whole range of blurgoclasts, blurgostats and (finally!) a nearly limitless set of blurgalopathogens. Though blurgopaths remained in short(lived) supply, our blurgographs lit up again, and our computers crashed from the sheer mass of blurgograms; and the blurgometers hummed! (62-78) Unfortunately (and this again is well known, now; which didn’t help much then!), as time passed and a Martian or six—it was getting harder to tell—survived for nearly half an hour, we began to realize that the blurgotogens were seriously outnumbering the blurgiatrogens, that blurgonecrotogenic blurgoses were becoming far more common than blurgiatrogenous cures, that, in short, more and more Martians (or Martian) were (or was) exploding than ever before, and in ever fewer minutes; and finally we had to concede that whatever blurgotropic therapies we tried turned into blurgotropic disasters. It was when we Venusians (or we the Venusian) began to explode too that we began to compose this hastily assembled “Discharge Summary” in the fond hope that a (putative) life form

16  Chapter 1: Terminations from the third planet may someday visit, and, seeing a blurgus here, a blurga there, the odd blurgum lying under a pathetic blurgon, might amid the whole blurgeous mess find in this document something useful, just before he, she, it (or they) also begins (or begin) exploding. (79-86) All that remains now is to describe and define in detail the essential nature of blurg itself, the fascinating process called blurgization, and the resulting blu. . . [NOTE: The rest of this document apparently didn’t survive the explosion. Or explosions]

1

blurg-ize

2-9

blurg-al, blurg-ic, blurg-ous, blurg-ar, blurg-ary, blurg-an, blurg-ine, blurg-ac

10

blurg-oid

11

blurg-ia

12

blurg-ist

13

blurg-in

14

blurg-itis

15

blurg-o-rrhexis

16

blurg-o-schisis

16 & 17

blurg-o-schist-iasis

18

blurg-o-clast-ic

19

blurg-osis

20

blurg-o-pathy

21

blurg-o-megaly

22

blurg-o-phagy

22 & 12

blurg-o-phag-ist

23

blurg-o-genesis

Exercises for Chapter 1  17

24

blurg-o-poiesis

25

blurg-o-kinesis

25 & 10

blurg-o-kinet-oid

23 & 25

blurg-o-kinet-o-genesis

26-27

blurg-algia, blurg-odynia

Review

blurg-ary blurg-an-oid blurg-al-iz-in blurg-ic-oid-ous

28 & 12

blurg-ist-o-plegia

29

blurg-o-penia

30

blurg-al-o-rrhagia

31

blurg-ic-o-malacia

32

blurg-os-o-necrosis

33

blurg-ar-o-stenosis

34

blurg-an-o-sclerosis

35

blurg-ac-optot-ic

36 etc.

blurg-oid-agr-oid-ia

30

blurg-o-rrhagic

37

blurg-o-rrhea

38

blurg-edema

39

blurg-o-cele

40

blurg-o-lith-s

18  Chapter 1: Terminations

38-39

blurg-edemat-o-cele

41

blurg-o-spast-ic-oid

42

blurg-ismus

43

blurg-ectopia

44

blurg-ectasia

Review

blurg-ist-o-schisis

43 & 44

blurg-ectop-ic blurg-ectasia

44 & 43

blurg-ectat-ic blurg-ectopia

45

blurg-o-plasia (blurg-o-poiesis)

46

blurg-o-dysplasia

47

blurg-o-trophy

48

blurg-o-dystrophy

49

blurg-atrophy

50

blurg-asthenia

51

blurg-o-therapy

51 & 13

blurg-o-therapeut-ic blurg-in-s

52

blurg-iatry

53 & 32

blurg-o-necrot-o-stasis

54-55

blurg-o-plast-ic blurg-ic-o-centesis

56

blurg-o-rrhaph-ic

57

blurg-o-tomy

58

blurg-ectomy

59

blurg-ostomy

Exercises for Chapter 1  19

60

blurg-ics

61 & 12

blurg-o-log-ist

62

blurg-o-scopy

63

blurg-o-metry

64 & 32

blurg-o-necrot-o-graphy

65

blurg-al-o-pexy (diagnostic from context) blurg-o-pexy (therapeutic from context)

66

blurg-o-lysis (diagnostic from context) blurg-os-o-lysis (therapeutic from context)

67

blurg-o-tropism

68

blurg-o-phag-e

69

blurg-o-tom-e

70

blurg-ectom-e blurg-ostom-e

71

blurg-o-scop-e

72

blurg-o-clast

73

blurg-o-stat

74 & 20

blurg-o-path-o-gen-s

75

blurg-o-path-s

76

blurg-o-graph-s

77

blurg-o-gram-s

20  Chapter 1: Terminations

78

blurg-o-meter-s

Review

blurg-ot-o-gen blurg-iatro-gen-s

79 & 32

blurg-o-necrot-o-genic blurg-os-es

80 & 52

blurg-iatro-gen-ous

81

blurg-o-trop-ic

82-85

blurg-us, blurg-a, blurg-um, blurg-on

86

blurg-eous

2 GENERAL ANATOMY

22  Chapter 2: General Anatomy

2.1 PROVIDE A SYNONYM Provide a synonym for each of the following words. 1.  omphalotherapy__________________________________________________________________ 2.  somometrics_____________________________________________________________________ 3.  pedogram_______________________________________________________________________ 4.  gonoplasty_______________________________________________________________________ 5.  stethoscopic_____________________________________________________________________ 6.  chiratrophy______________________________________________________________________ 7.  prosopogram_____________________________________________________________________ 8.  epidermolytic____________________________________________________________________ 9.  omodynia________________________________________________________________________ 10.  cytoplasia_______________________________________________________________________

2.2 FILL-IN-THE-BLANK Fill in the blanks to complete both the definition and the medical term or terms. 1.  2.  3. 

cells = a digit = the eyelid =

ectopia phagy ectasia

Exercises for Chapter 2  23 4. 

the body =

5. 

the head =

6. 

iatry

the nose =

7. 

dystrophy

genesis

the skin =

8. 

itis

the face =

stenosis

9. 

the hand =

stasis

10. 

an arm =

edema

2.3 ANALOGIES Complete the following analogies. 1.  If cephaledema is the swelling of the head, then the swelling of the limbs is_______________________________________________________ 2.  If trichomegaly is the enlargement of hairs, then the enlargement of the nose is ___________________________________________________ 3.  If omphalogenesis is the production of the navel, then the production of the hair is _____________________________________________________ 4.  If dactylosis is an abnormal condition involving the digits, then an abnormal condition involving the skin is_______________________________________ 5.  If pedopathy is a disease of the foot, then a disease of the elbow is ________________________________________________________ 6.  If mastopexy is the fixation of a breast, then the fixation of the navel is _______________________________________________________

24  Chapter 2: General Anatomy 7.  If onychodystrophy is the defective growth of the nails, then the defective growth of the arm is ________________________________________________ 8.  If otogenous is produced by the ear, then produced by the nose is ________________________________________________________ 9.  If prosopospasm is a spasm of the face, then a spasm of the eye is ___________________________________________________________ 10.  If brachiodysplasia is the defective formation of an arm, then the defective formation of a foot is _______________________________________________ 11.  If theletrophy is the growth of a nipple, then the growth of the neck is ________________________________________________________ 12.  If arthrectopia is the displacement of the joints, then the displacement of the digits is _________________________________________________ 13.  If cheirostasis is the stopping of the hands, then the stopping of the elbow is _____________________________________________________ 14.  If glutitis is the inflammation of the buttocks, then the inflammation of the eyelid is ________________________________________________ 15.  If cytonecrosis is the death of cells, then the death of the skin is__________________________________________________________ 16.  If melogenesis is the production of limbs, then the production of the ear is______________________________________________________ 17.  If omotrophy is the growth of the shoulder, then the growth of the chest is _______________________________________________________ 18.  If mastopexy is the adhesion of a breast, then the adhesion of the knee is ______________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 2  25

2.4 LATIN ANATOMICAL PHRASES Fill in the blanks to complete the definitions. 1.  fascia thoracica = the fascia

the

2.  musculus brachialis = the muscle

the

3.  tuberositas glutealis = a tuberosity

a

4.  margo cephalicus = a margin

the

5.  fovea dermatica = a pit

the

6.  regio facialis = the region

the

7.  arteria umbilicalis = an artery

the

8.  tractus somaticus = a tract 9.  os pedale = a bone

the a

10.  fissura onychica = a fissure

a

2.5 LATIN PHRASES NAMING MEDICAL PROBLEMS Fill in the blanks to complete the definitions. 1.  arthritis enteropathica =

the intestine

2.  otalgia dentalis =

a tooth

3.  cheiritis glandularis =

a gland

26  Chapter 2: General Anatomy 4.  dermatitis nasalis = 5.  cephalalgia pharyngotympanica =

the nose the middle ear and pharynx

6.  ophthalmia hepatica =

the liver

7.  arthritis urethr-itica =

the urethra

8.  arthritis myc-otica =

a fungus

2.6 DIVIDE AND DEFINE 1a. anthropokinetics _________________________________________________________________ 1b. anthropometrist_________________________________________________________________ 1c. anthropophagy___________________________________________________________________ 2a. somasthenia_____________________________________________________________________ 2b. somatotrophic___________________________________________________________________ 3a. dermatodysplasia________________________________________________________________ 3b. dermolysin (diagnostic)_______________________________________________________ 4a. epidermatoplasty_________________________________________________________________ 4b. epidermopoiesis _________________________________________________________________ 4c. epidermotropic __________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 2  27 5a. cytoclastic_______________________________________________________________________ 5b. cytogenic________________________________________________________________________ 5c. cytonecrosis _____________________________________________________________________ 5d. cytopenia_______________________________________________________________________ 5e. cytostatic _______________________________________________________________________ 5f. cytotherapy ______________________________________________________________________ 6a. arthralgic________________________________________________________________________ 6b. arthrostomy_____________________________________________________________________ 6c. arthrocele _______________________________________________________________________ 7a. acrodermatosis__________________________________________________________________ 7b. acromelic _______________________________________________________________________ 8a. melagra _________________________________________________________________________ 8b. melalgia ________________________________________________________________________ 9a. cephaledema____________________________________________________________________ 9b. cephalocentesis__________________________________________________________________ 9c. cephalometrics __________________________________________________________________

28  Chapter 2: General Anatomy 10a. trichomegaly ___________________________________________________________________ 10b. trichopathic ____________________________________________________________________ 10c. trichorrhexis ___________________________________________________________________ 11a. blepharorrhaphy _______________________________________________________________ 11b. blepharoptosis__________________________________________________________________ 11c. blepharostat ____________________________________________________________________ 12a. ophthalmatrophy_______________________________________________________________ 12b. ophthalmograph________________________________________________________________ 12c. ophthalmolith __________________________________________________________________ 12d. ophthalmoplegic________________________________________________________________ 13a. otiatrics ________________________________________________________________________ 13b. otogenous _____________________________________________________________________ 13c. otolithiasis_____________________________________________________________________ 13d. otosclerotic ____________________________________________________________________ 14a. rhinologist _____________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 2  29 14b. rhinorrhagia____________________________________________________________________ 14c. rhinoscope _____________________________________________________________________ 15a. prosopectasia___________________________________________________________________ 15b. prosoposchisis__________________________________________________________________ 15c. prosopospasm __________________________________________________________________ 16a. faciobrachial____________________________________________________________________ 16b. faciocervical____________________________________________________________________ 16c. faciostenosis ___________________________________________________________________ 17a. cervicodynia____________________________________________________________________ 17b. cervicothoracic_________________________________________________________________ 18a. trachelology____________________________________________________________________ 18b. tracheloschisis _________________________________________________________________ 19a. omagra________________________________________________________________________ 19b. omarthritis_____________________________________________________________________ 20a. brachialgia _____________________________________________________________________

30  Chapter 2: General Anatomy 20b. brachiocephalic ________________________________________________________________ 21a. anconitis_______________________________________________________________________ 21b. anconoid ______________________________________________________________________ 22a. cheirarthritis____________________________________________________________________ 22b. cheiropodalgia _________________________________________________________________ 23a. dactylography__________________________________________________________________ 23b. dactylosis ______________________________________________________________________ 24a. onychodystrophy________________________________________________________________ 24b. onychomalacia_________________________________________________________________ 24c. onychopathology _______________________________________________________________ 24d. onychophagist__________________________________________________________________ 25a. thoracometry___________________________________________________________________ 25b. thoracopathy___________________________________________________________________ 25c. thoracotomy____________________________________________________________________ 26a. stethograph____________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 2  31 26b. stethoscopy____________________________________________________________________ 27a. mastatrophy ___________________________________________________________________ 27b. mastectomy ____________________________________________________________________ 27c. mastopexy (therapeutic)_________________________________________________________ 27d. mastotic_______________________________________________________________________ 28a. mammogen____________________________________________________________________ 28b. mammotropin _________________________________________________________________ 29a. theleplasty _____________________________________________________________________ 29b. thelorrhagia ____________________________________________________________________ 30a. omphalogenesis ________________________________________________________________ 30b. omphalorrhea __________________________________________________________________ 31a. umbilectomy ___________________________________________________________________ 31b. umbilical ______________________________________________________________________ 32a. gluteal _________________________________________________________________________ 32b. glutitis _________________________________________________________________________

32  Chapter 2: General Anatomy 33a. gonarthrosis____________________________________________________________________ 33b. gonarthrotomy _________________________________________________________________ 34a. podedema _____________________________________________________________________ 34b. podiatry________________________________________________________________________ 35a. pedopathy______________________________________________________________________ 35b. pedometer _____________________________________________________________________

3 MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

34  Chapter 3: Musculoskeletal System

3.1 PROVIDE A SYNONYM Provide a synonym for each of the following words. 1.  osteostenosis_____________________________________________________________________ 2.  cleidoschisis_____________________________________________________________________ 3.  coracoiditis______________________________________________________________________ 4.  spinogram_______________________________________________________________________ 5.  spondylotic______________________________________________________________________ 6.  syndesmosolytic__________________________________________________________________ 7.  talocalcaneal_____________________________________________________________________ 8.  chondrosclerosis_________________________________________________________________ 9.  myosectasia______________________________________________________________________ 10.  tenonectopic____________________________________________________________________

3.2 FILL-IN-THE-BLANK Fill in the blanks to complete both the definition and the medical term or terms. 1. 

the Achilles’ tendon =

2.  3. 

a bone = the hair =

cyte

clasis

pexy (therapeutic)

Exercises for Chapter 3  35 4. 

the sacrum =

5. 

penia

the calcaneus =

6. 

the shoulder blade =

7. 

scopy gram

the kneecap =

8. 

the pelvis =

9. 

the femur =

10. 

the skull =

metry

orrhexis malacia edema

3.3 ANALOGIES 1.  If trichocyte is a cell of the hair, then a cell of the skin is _____________________________________________________________ 2.  If osseorrhexis is the rupturing of bone, then the rupturing of the skull is _____________________________________________________ 3.  If claviplasia is the formation of the collar bone, then the formation of the ulna is _____________________________________________________ 4.  If acromiotrophy is the growth of the acromion, then the growth of the rib is__________________________________________________________ 5.  If spinopathy is a disease of the spine, then a disease of bone is_____________________________________________________________ 6.  If cranialgia is pain involving the skull, then pain involving the shoulder blade is _____________________________________________

36  Chapter 3: Musculoskeletal System

7.  If humerography is the recording of the humerus, then the recording of the radius is ____________________________________________________ 8.  If rachopenic is p.t. a deficiency of the spine, then p.t. a deficiency of the spinal cord is ______________________________________________ 9.  If sternocentetic is p.t. the surgical puncturing of the sternum, then p.t. the surgical puncturing of the vertebra is ______________________________________ 10.  If cubitoptosis is the downward displacement of the elbow, then the downward displacement of the hip is _________________________________________ 11.  If pelvitis is the inflammation of the pelvis, then the inflammation of the tarsus is ________________________________________________ 12.  If desmomegaly is the enlargement of the ligament, then the enlargement of the ischium is _______________________________________________ 13.  If cephalitologist is one who studies the inflammation of the head, then one who studies the inflammation of the wrist is __________________________________ 14.  If ostein is a substance of bone, then a substance of hair is ___________________________________________________________

3.4 LATIN ANATOMICAL PHRASES Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. musculus facialis__________________________________________________________________ 2. tendo umbilicalis__________________________________________________________________ 3. cartilago tibialis___________________________________________________________________ 4. ligamentum calcaneum____________________________________________________________ 5. os musculare_____________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 3  37 6. musculus thoracicus_______________________________________________________________ 7. cartilago sacralis__________________________________________________________________ 8. tendo astragalaris_________________________________________________________________ 9. os patellare_______________________________________________________________________ 10. musculus pubicus________________________________________________________________

3.5 LATIN PHRASES NAMING MEDICAL PROBLEMS Fill in the blank to complete the definition. 1.  chondromalacia cystica = 2.  myelitis ependymalis = 3.  dermatitis seborrheica =

the bladder the ependyma sebum

4.  arthritis pyogenica =

pus

5.  myelitis hemorrhagica =

blood

6.  arthropathia pulmonalis =

a lung

7.  dermatosis cancerosa =

cancer

8.  dermatitis xer-otica = 9.  ophthalmitis granularis =

something dry a granule

38  Chapter 3: Musculoskeletal System

3.6 DIVIDE AND DEFINE 1a. osteomalacic____________________________________________________________________ 1b. osteectopia______________________________________________________________________ 1c. osteopenic_______________________________________________________________________ 1d. osteosclerosis____________________________________________________________________ 1e. osteometry ______________________________________________________________________ 2a. ossein __________________________________________________________________________ 2b. osseous_________________________________________________________________________ 3a. skeletogenesis___________________________________________________________________ 3b. skeletology ______________________________________________________________________ 4a. craniocele_______________________________________________________________________ 4b. cranioclast______________________________________________________________________ 4c. cranioscopy_____________________________________________________________________ 4d. craniostenosis___________________________________________________________________ 4e. craniotome ______________________________________________________________________ 5a. cleidocostal______________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 3  39 5b. cleidagra________________________________________________________________________ 5c. cleidotomy ______________________________________________________________________ 6a. clavicotomy _____________________________________________________________________ 6b. clavicular________________________________________________________________________ 7a. acromioscapular_________________________________________________________________ 7b. acromiothoracic_________________________________________________________________ 8a. coracoidoacromial _______________________________________________________________ 8b. coracoclavicular _________________________________________________________________ 9a. humeroulnar ____________________________________________________________________ 9b. humeral ________________________________________________________________________ 10a. cubitocarpal ___________________________________________________________________ 10b. cubitalis _______________________________________________________________________ 11a. ulnoradial ______________________________________________________________________ 11b. ulnaris _________________________________________________________________________ 12a. radiohumeral___________________________________________________________________ 12b. radioulnar _____________________________________________________________________

40  Chapter 3: Musculoskeletal System 13a. carpophalangeal ________________________________________________________________ 13b. carpoptosis ____________________________________________________________________ 14a. phalangophalangeal ____________________________________________________________ 14b. phalangectomy _________________________________________________________________ 15a. scapuloclavicular _______________________________________________________________ 15b. scapulopexy (therapeutic)________________________________________________________ 16a. rachiocentesis__________________________________________________________________ 16b. rachischisis ____________________________________________________________________ 16c. rachiograph ____________________________________________________________________ 17a. spinogram _____________________________________________________________________ 17b. spinalis ________________________________________________________________________ 18a. myelalgia ______________________________________________________________________ 18b. myelodysplasia _________________________________________________________________ 18c. myeloplegia ____________________________________________________________________ 18d. myelorrhagia ___________________________________________________________________ 19a. spondylarthrosis ________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 3  41 19b. spondylosis ____________________________________________________________________ 20a. vertebrochondral________________________________________________________________ 20b. vertebroiliac ___________________________________________________________________ 20c. vertebrosacral___________________________________________________________________ 21a. costosternoplasty _______________________________________________________________ 21b. costicervical____________________________________________________________________ 22a. sternoscapular__________________________________________________________________ 22b. sternoclavicularis _______________________________________________________________ 23a. xiphocostal_____________________________________________________________________ 23b. xiphodynia _____________________________________________________________________ 24a. coxarthropathy _________________________________________________________________ 24b. coxotomy______________________________________________________________________ 25a. pelvifemoral____________________________________________________________________ 25b. pelvimetry _____________________________________________________________________ 26a. iliopelvic_______________________________________________________________________ 26b. iliofemoroplasty ________________________________________________________________

42  Chapter 3: Musculoskeletal System 27a. ischiopubic_____________________________________________________________________ 27b. ischiocele ______________________________________________________________________ 28a. pubococcygeal__________________________________________________________________ 28b. pubotibial______________________________________________________________________ 29a. sacrocoxalgia ___________________________________________________________________ 29b. sacroiliitis ______________________________________________________________________ 29c. sacrovertebral___________________________________________________________________ 30a. coccygodynia___________________________________________________________________ 30b. coccygeus______________________________________________________________________ 31a. acetabulectomy_________________________________________________________________ 31b. acetabular______________________________________________________________________ 32a. femorocele_____________________________________________________________________ 32b. femoroiliac _____________________________________________________________________ 33a. patellofemoral__________________________________________________________________ 33b. patellectomy____________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 3  43 34a. tibiocalcanean __________________________________________________________________ 34b. tibiotarsal______________________________________________________________________ 35a. fibular _________________________________________________________________________ 35b. fibulocalcaneal_________________________________________________________________ 36a. tarsophalangeal_________________________________________________________________ 36b. tarsectopia _____________________________________________________________________ 37a. calcaneotibial___________________________________________________________________ 37b. calcaneodynia __________________________________________________________________ 38a. talofibular______________________________________________________________________ 38b. talocalcanean __________________________________________________________________ 39a. astragalocalcanean______________________________________________________________ 39b. astragalotibial__________________________________________________________________ 40a. chondrocyte____________________________________________________________________ 40b. chondrodermatitis______________________________________________________________ 40c. chondrodystrophy_______________________________________________________________

44  Chapter 3: Musculoskeletal System 40d. chondroid______________________________________________________________________ 40e. chondronecrosis________________________________________________________________ 40f. chondropathology_______________________________________________________________ 40g. chondroplastic _________________________________________________________________ 41a. cartilagotropic __________________________________________________________________ 41b. cartilaginoid ___________________________________________________________________ 42a. myasthenic_____________________________________________________________________ 42b. myatrophy _____________________________________________________________________ 42c. myectopia _____________________________________________________________________ 42d. myocytolysis (diagnostic)________________________________________________________ 42e. myogenic_______________________________________________________________________ 42f. myophage______________________________________________________________________ 42g. myospasmia ___________________________________________________________________ 43a. muscular_______________________________________________________________________ 43b. musculotropic __________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 3  45 44a. tenontagra _____________________________________________________________________ 44b. tenostosis______________________________________________________________________ 44c. tenotomize _____________________________________________________________________ 45a. tendinous______________________________________________________________________ 45b. tendo calcaneus ________________________________________________________________ 46a. desmectasis____________________________________________________________________ 46b. desmorrhexis __________________________________________________________________ 47a. syndesmorrhaphy_______________________________________________________________ 47b. syndesmitis_____________________________________________________________________ 48a. ligamentous____________________________________________________________________ 48b. ligamentopexy (therapeutic)______________________________________________________ 49a. aponeurositic___________________________________________________________________ 49b. aponeurotic____________________________________________________________________ 50a. achillorrhaphy__________________________________________________________________ 50b. achillodynia ____________________________________________________________________

46  Chapter 3: Musculoskeletal System

3.7 DIVIDE AND DEFINE (REVIEW) 1.  cephalopelvic____________________________________________________________________ 2.  stethomyositis____________________________________________________________________ 3.  facioscapulohumeral______________________________________________________________ 4.  acro-osteolysis (diagnostic)________________________________________________________

3.8 DIVIDE AND DEFINE (LATIN PHRASES) 1.  musculus brachioradialis__________________________________________________________ 2.  musculus coccygeus______________________________________________________________ 3.  musculus gluteus_________________________________________________________________ 4.  musculus iliacus__________________________________________________________________ 5.  musculus sternalis________________________________________________________________ 6.  musculus tarsalis_________________________________________________________________

4 NERVOUS SYSTEM EYE & EAR

48  Chapter 4: Nervous System; Eye and Ear

4.1 PROVIDE A SYNONYM Provide a synonym for each of the following words. 1.  gangliitis_________________________________________________________________________ 2.  neuronecrosis____________________________________________________________________ 3.  neuroglial________________________________________________________________________ 4.  sympathetolysis__________________________________________________________________ 5.  opticitis__________________________________________________________________________ 6.  pupillotomic_____________________________________________________________________ 7.  corneostomic____________________________________________________________________ 8.  ciliarectomy______________________________________________________________________ 9.  lacrimorrheic____________________________________________________________________ 10.  choriosclerotic__________________________________________________________________

4.2 FILL-IN-THE-BLANK Fill in the blanks to complete both the definition and the medical term or terms. 1. 

a ganglion =

2. 

membranes =

pexy (diagnostic) necrosis

Exercises for Chapter 4  49 3. 

the iris =

4. 

lysis (therapeutic)

the ciliary body =

5. 

scopist

a nerve cell =

6. 

the lens =

7. 

dysplasia

sclerosis

the tear sac =

8. 

tears =

9. 

the meninges =

itis genetic edematous

4.3 ANALOGIES 1.  If ependymopoiesis is the formation of the ependyma, then the formation of the cerebellum is _______________________________________________ 2.  If membranonecrosis is the death of a membrane, then the death of an iris is____________________________________________________________ 3.  If dacryocystospasm is a spasm of the tear sac, then a spasm of nerves is ____________________________________________________________ 4.  If tympanopathic is p.t. a disease of the middle ear, then p.t. a disease of the sympathetic nerves is_________________________________________ 5.  If vagotrophic is p.t. the growth of the vagus nerve, then p.t. the growth of the hammer is _________________________________________________ 6.  If coreopectic is p.t. the fixation of the pupil, then p.t. the fixation of the anvil is ____________________________________________________

50  Chapter 4: Nervous System; Eye and Ear 7.  If phacocentetic is p.t. the surgical puncturing of the lens, then p.t. the surgical puncturing of the neuroglia is _____________________________________ 8.  If myringostomic is p.t. the making of an opening in the tympanic membrane, then p.t. the making of an opening in the uvea is ________________________________________ 9.  If neurasthenia is the lack of strength of nerves, then the lack of strength of the stirrup is _______________________________________________ 10.  If optectopic is p.t. the displacement of the eye, then p.t. the displacement of the membrane is _________________________________________ 11.  If retinopoiesis is the formation of the retina, then the formation of the vagus nerve is _______________________________________________ 12.  If choroidatrophy is the lack of growth of the choroid, then the lack of growth of the ciliary body is ___________________________________________ 13.  If conjunctivosis is an abnormal condition involving the conjunctiva, then an abnormal condition involving a membrane is __________________________________ 14.  If canthometric is p.t. the measurement of the canthus, then p.t. the measurement of the lens is _______________________________________________

4.4 LATIN ANATOMICAL PHRASES Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. nervus retinalis____________________________________________________________________ 2. membrana cerebellaris____________________________________________________________ 3. musculus ocularis_________________________________________________________________ 4. cartilago pubica___________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 4  51 5. tendo pelvicus____________________________________________________________________ 6. membrana thoracica_______________________________________________________________ 7. os otale __________________________________________________________________________ 8. cartilago vertebralis________________________________________________________________ 9. tendo spinalis_____________________________________________________________________ 10. meninx nervosa__________________________________________________________________

4.5 LATIN PHRASES NAMING MEDICAL PROBLEMS Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. meningitis sympathica_____________________________________________________________ 2. chondrosis costalis_________________________________________________________________ 3. arthropathia neurogenosa__________________________________________________________ 4. arthritis neuropathica______________________________________________________________ 5. rhinorrhagia membranosa_________________________________________________________ 6. otorrhea cerebrospinalis___________________________________________________________ 7. encephalitis myalgica______________________________________________________________

52  Chapter 4: Nervous System; Eye and Ear 8. myelitis neurooptica_______________________________________________________________ 9. myelopathia cervicalis spondylotica_________________________________________________

4.6 DIVIDE AND DEFINE 1a. encephalolith____________________________________________________________________ 1b. encephalomyeloradiculoneuritis___________________________________________________ 1c. encephaloclastic_________________________________________________________________ 1d. encephalitogenic_________________________________________________________________ 2a. cerebrocerebellar________________________________________________________________ 2b. cerebrosclerosis__________________________________________________________________ 2c. cerebrostomy____________________________________________________________________ 3a. cerebellospinal___________________________________________________________________ 3b. cerebellar_______________________________________________________________________ 4a. membranolysis (diagnostic)_______________________________________________________ 4b. membrana costalis_______________________________________________________________ 4c. membrana ossea_________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 4  53 4d. membrana pupillaris_____________________________________________________________ 4e. membrana musculosa____________________________________________________________ 4f. membrana tympanica_____________________________________________________________ 5a. meningeorrhaphy________________________________________________________________ 5b. meningorrhea___________________________________________________________________

5c. meningoencephalocele_______________________________________________________ 6a. ependymocyte___________________________________________________________________ 6b. ependymopathy_________________________________________________________________ 7a. neurasthenic_____________________________________________________________________ 7b. neurectasia______________________________________________________________________ 7c. neurocranium___________________________________________________________________ 7d. neuroretinopathy________________________________________________________________ 8a. nervus thoracicus________________________________________________________________ 8b. nervus fibularis__________________________________________________________________ 8c. nervus facialis____________________________________________________________________

54  Chapter 4: Nervous System; Eye and Ear 8d. nervus ophthalmicus_____________________________________________________________ 9a. gangliocyte______________________________________________________________________ 9b. ganglioplegic____________________________________________________________________ 10a. neuronophage__________________________________________________________________ 10b. neuronotropic__________________________________________________________________ 11a. gliophagy_______________________________________________________________________ 11b. gliosis _________________________________________________________________________ 11c. neurogliocyte___________________________________________________________________ 12a. radiculectomy__________________________________________________________________ 12b. radiculoneuritis_________________________________________________________________ 13a. sympathicotherapy______________________________________________________________ 13b. sympatholytic (diagnostic)_______________________________________________________ 14a. vagosympathetic________________________________________________________________ 14b. vagotropism____________________________________________________________________ 14c. vagovagal_______________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 4  55 15a. ophthalmodesmitis______________________________________________________________ 15b. ophthalmophacometer__________________________________________________________ 15c. ophthalmencephalon____________________________________________________________ 16a. optics _________________________________________________________________________ 16b. optomyometry__________________________________________________________________ 16c. opticociliary____________________________________________________________________ 17a. oculoplastic____________________________________________________________________ 17b. oculopupillary__________________________________________________________________ 17c. oculometroscope________________________________________________________________ 18a. corectopia______________________________________________________________________ 18b. coreoplasty_____________________________________________________________________ 19a. pupilloscope____________________________________________________________________ 19b. pupilloplegia___________________________________________________________________ 19c. pupillograph____________________________________________________________________ 20a. keratocentesis__________________________________________________________________

56  Chapter 4: Nervous System; Eye and Ear 20b. keratoscleritis___________________________________________________________________ 20c. keratoconjunctivitis_____________________________________________________________ 21a. corneoiritis_____________________________________________________________________ 21b. corneosclera____________________________________________________________________ 22a. sclerokeratoiritis________________________________________________________________ 22b. sclerectome ____________________________________________________________________ 23a. retinography____________________________________________________________________ 23b. retinomalacia___________________________________________________________________ 24a. uveitic _________________________________________________________________________ 24b. uveoscleritis____________________________________________________________________ 25a. iridectomize____________________________________________________________________ 25b. iridokinetic_____________________________________________________________________ 26a. cyclokeratitis___________________________________________________________________ 26b. cycloplegic_____________________________________________________________________ 27a. ciliogenesis_____________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 4  57 27b. cilioretinal______________________________________________________________________ 28a. chorioretinopathy_______________________________________________________________ 28b. choriocyclitis___________________________________________________________________ 29a. conjunctivoplasty_______________________________________________________________ 29b. conjunctivodacryocystostomy ____________________________________________________ 30a. canthal ________________________________________________________________________ 30b. canthorrhaphy _________________________________________________________________ 31a. phacolysis (diagnostic)___________________________________________________________ 31b. phacosclerosis __________________________________________________________________ 32a. dacryorrhea____________________________________________________________________ 32b. dacryostenosis__________________________________________________________________ 33. lacrimotomy_____________________________________________________________________ 34a. dacryocystalgia_________________________________________________________________ 34b. dacryocystocele ________________________________________________________________ 34c. dacryocystoptosis_______________________________________________________________

58  Chapter 4: Nervous System; Eye and Ear 35a. tympanic_______________________________________________________________________ 35b. tympanomalleal________________________________________________________________ 36. mallear _________________________________________________________________________ 37a. incudomalleal__________________________________________________________________ 37b. incudostapedial_________________________________________________________________ 38. stapediotenotomy _______________________________________________________________ 39a. myringodermatosis______________________________________________________________ 39b. myringostapediopexy (therapeutic)_______________________________________________

5 CIRCULATORY & LYMPHATIC SYSTEMS GLANDS

60  Chapter 5: Circulatory & Lymphatic Systems; Glands

5.1 PROVIDE A SYNONYM Provide a synonym for each of the following words. 1.  hemorrhagic_____________________________________________________________________ 2.  plasmatoid_______________________________________________________________________ 3.  aorticostatic______________________________________________________________________ 4.  valvotomy_______________________________________________________________________ 5.  vasotic___________________________________________________________________________ 6.  phlebectomic____________________________________________________________________ 7.  angiostomy______________________________________________________________________ 8.  varicoid_________________________________________________________________________ 9.  glandulotherapy__________________________________________________________________ 10.  lienorrhexis_____________________________________________________________________

5.2 FILL-IN-THE-BLANK Fill in the blanks to complete both the definition and the medical term or terms. 1.  2.  3. 

a vein = lymph =

pathy orrhea a capillary =

kinetic

Exercises for Chapter 5  61 4. 

the lymph nodes =

5. 

the pulse =

6. 

graphy

a varix =

7. 

the heart =

malacic

spasm

8. 

the pericardium =

9. 

blood =

10. 

atrophy

ology in

an artery =

orrhectic

5.3 ANALOGIES 1.  If rhinencephalon is the part of the brain involving the nose, then the part of the brain involving the ear is ___________________________________________ 2.  If otocranium is the part of the skull involving the ear, then the part of the skull involving the spine is _________________________________________ 3.  If hematencephalon is a collection of blood in the brain, then a collection of blood in the eye is _________________________________________________ 4.  If thrombocytopoietic is p.t. the formation of platelets, then p.t. the formation of plasma is ___________________________________________________ 5.  If cardismus is a spasm of the heart, then a spasm of a varix is ____________________________________________________________ 6.  If lienosclerotic is p.t. the hardening of the spleen, then p.t. the hardening of the aorta is _________________________________________________

62  Chapter 5: Circulatory & Lymphatic Systems; Glands 7.  If valvulotherapy is treatment by means of a valve, then treatment by means of an artery is _______________________________________________ 8.  If sanguinorrhea is the flowing of blood, then the flowing of lymph is _________________________________________________________ 9.  If splenoplasty is the surgical repairing of the spleen, then the surgical repairing of a ventricle is _____________________________________________ 10.  If hematokinesis is the movement of blood, then the movement of secretions is ___________________________________________________ 11.  If adenostomy is the making of an opening in a gland, then the making of an opening in the thyroid gland is ___________________________________ 12.  If gonadatrophic is p.t. the lack of growth of the gonad, then p.t. the lack of growth of the parotid gland is _______________________________________ 13.  If aortiatry is the healing of the aorta, then the healing of the spleen is ______________________________________________________ 14.  If varicedema is the swelling of a varix, then the swelling of a vein is _________________________________________________________ 15.  If thrombopoiesis is the formation of a clot, then the formation of a capillary is ____________________________________________________ 16.  If glandulostat is something which stops secretions from a gland, then something which stops secretions from the thymus is ______________________________

17.  If thyrin is a substance of the thyroid gland, then a substance of the pineal gland is ________________________________________________ 18.  If adenotome is an instrument for cutting a gland, then an instrument for cutting a capillary is ____________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 5  63

5.4 LATIN ANATOMICAL PHRASES Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. ganglion sympatheticum___________________________________________________________ 2. os costale_________________________________________________________________________ 3. musculus sternothyroideus_________________________________________________________ 4. glandula conjunctivalis____________________________________________________________ 5. valvula lymphatica________________________________________________________________ 6. vas sanguineum___________________________________________________________________ 7. membrana tympanica_____________________________________________________________ 8. tendo calcaneus___________________________________________________________________ 9. ligamentum iliofemorale___________________________________________________________ 10. vena ciliaris______________________________________________________________________

5.5 LATIN PHRASES NAMING MEDICAL PROBLEMS Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. thrombocytemia hemorrhagica_____________________________________________________ 2. thrombosis cardiaca_______________________________________________________________ 3. varix arterialis_____________________________________________________________________

64  Chapter 5: Circulatory & Lymphatic Systems; Glands 4. arteriosclerosis cerebralis__________________________________________________________ 5. arteritis brachiocephalica__________________________________________________________ 6. meningitis lymphocytica___________________________________________________________ 7. encephalitis hemorrheica__________________________________________________________ 8. cardiomyopathia ventricularis______________________________________________________ 9. thrombophlebitis iliofemoralis______________________________________________________ 10. myelitis hemorrhagica____________________________________________________________

5.6 DIVIDE AND DEFINE 1a. hematosteon____________________________________________________________________ 1b. hematocytopenia________________________________________________________________ 1c. hematomyelitis__________________________________________________________________ 1d. hematotympanum_______________________________________________________________ 1e. hematomphalocele ______________________________________________________________ 1f. hemorrhagenic___________________________________________________________________ 1g. hematinogen____________________________________________________________________ 1h. hemostat________________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 5  65 1i. hematinemia_____________________________________________________________________ 1j. hemophthalmus__________________________________________________________________ 2a. sanguinopoietic__________________________________________________________________ 2b. sanguineous_____________________________________________________________________ 3a. hemoglobinemia_________________________________________________________________ 3b. hemoglobinolysis (diagnostic)_____________________________________________________ 4a. plasmacytosis____________________________________________________________________ 4b. plasmatherapy___________________________________________________________________ 4c. plasmotropic____________________________________________________________________ 5a. thrombogenic____________________________________________________________________ 5b. thrombokinetics_________________________________________________________________ 5c. thromboplastic___________________________________________________________________ 5d. thrombotic______________________________________________________________________ 6a. thrombocytopathic_______________________________________________________________ 6b. hemorrhagic thrombocythemia____________________________________________________ 7a. sphygmocardiograph _____________________________________________________________

66  Chapter 5: Circulatory & Lymphatic Systems; Glands 7b. sphygmometroscope _____________________________________________________________ 8a. cardiagra________________________________________________________________________ 8b. cardiectasis______________________________________________________________________ 8c. cardiodynia______________________________________________________________________ 8d. cardiopericarditis________________________________________________________________ 8e. cardioptosis_____________________________________________________________________ 8f. cardiovalvulotome________________________________________________________________ 9a. aortorrhaphy____________________________________________________________________ 9b. aortosclerosis____________________________________________________________________ 10a. valvuloplasty___________________________________________________________________ 10b. valvula lymphatica______________________________________________________________ 10c. valvula venosa__________________________________________________________________ 11a. ventriculomyotomy_____________________________________________________________ 11b. ventriculovenostomy____________________________________________________________ 12a. pericardiocentesis_______________________________________________________________ 12b. pericardiostomy________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 5  67 13a. myocarditic_____________________________________________________________________ 13b. myocardosis____________________________________________________________________ 14a. angiectatic______________________________________________________________________ 14b. angiectopia_____________________________________________________________________ 14c. angiodystrophy_________________________________________________________________ 14d. angiospastic____________________________________________________________________ 15a. vasculolymphatic_______________________________________________________________ 15b. vasotropic______________________________________________________________________ 15c. vas capillare____________________________________________________________________ 15d. vas lymphaticum________________________________________________________________ 15e. vas sanguineum retinale_________________________________________________________ 15f. vas nervosum___________________________________________________________________ 16a. arterionecrosis__________________________________________________________________ 16b. arteriorrhexis___________________________________________________________________ 16c. arteriovenous___________________________________________________________________ 16d. arteriostosis____________________________________________________________________

68  Chapter 5: Circulatory & Lymphatic Systems; Glands 16e. arteria brachialis________________________________________________________________ 16f. arteria iliaca ____________________________________________________________________ 17a. phlebolith______________________________________________________________________ 17b. phlebophlebostomy_____________________________________________________________ 17c. phlebothrombosis_______________________________________________________________ 18a. venous_________________________________________________________________________ 18b. vena lienalis____________________________________________________________________ 18c. vena muscularis_________________________________________________________________ 18d. vena thoracoacromialis__________________________________________________________ l8e. vena thyroidea__________________________________________________________________ 19a. capillarectasia__________________________________________________________________ 19b. lymphatic capillary______________________________________________________________ 19c. capillaroscopy__________________________________________________________________ 20a. varicoid________________________________________________________________________ 20b. varix lymphaticus_______________________________________________________________ 20c. varicocelectomy_________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 5  69 21a. cirsectomy_____________________________________________________________________ 21b. cirsophthalmia_________________________________________________________________ 22a. lymphatogenous________________________________________________________________ 22b. lymphocythemia________________________________________________________________ 22c. lymphorrhea____________________________________________________________________ 22d. lymphedema___________________________________________________________________ 22e. lymphostasis___________________________________________________________________ 23a. lymphangiophlebitis_____________________________________________________________ 23b. lymphangiectatic________________________________________________________________ 24a. lymphadenocele ________________________________________________________________ 24b. dermatopathic lymphadenopathy_________________________________________________ 25a. splenemia______________________________________________________________________ 25b. splenolymphatic ________________________________________________________________ 25c. splenomyelogenous_____________________________________________________________ 25d. splenoptosis____________________________________________________________________ 25e. splenorrhagia___________________________________________________________________

70  Chapter 5: Circulatory & Lymphatic Systems; Glands 26a. lienal__________________________________________________________________________ 26b. lienomyelomalacia______________________________________________________________ 27a. endocrinasthenic_______________________________________________________________ 27b. endocrinotherapy_______________________________________________________________ 27c. endocrinotropic_________________________________________________________________ 27d. crinin__________________________________________________________________________ 28a. hormonopoiesis________________________________________________________________ 28b. hormonopexic__________________________________________________________________ 29a. adenalgia_______________________________________________________________________ 29b. adenocyte______________________________________________________________________ 29c. adenomalacia___________________________________________________________________ 29d. adenomegaly___________________________________________________________________ 29e. adenosclerosis__________________________________________________________________ 30a. glandulous_____________________________________________________________________ 30b. glandula tympanica_____________________________________________________________ 30c. glandula lacrimalis______________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 5  71 31a. pinealocyte_____________________________________________________________________ 31b. pinealism______________________________________________________________________ 32a. hypophyseotropic_______________________________________________________________ 32b. hypophysectomize______________________________________________________________ 33a. parotitic _______________________________________________________________________ 33b. parotin_________________________________________________________________________ 34a. thyrochondrotomy______________________________________________________________ 34b. thyrocardiac____________________________________________________________________ 34c. thyroparathyroidectomy_________________________________________________________ 34d. thyrolytic (diagnostic)___________________________________________________________ 34e. thyroidism _____________________________________________________________________ 35a. parathyroidopathy______________________________________________________________ 35b. parathyroidin___________________________________________________________________ 36a. thymocyte _____________________________________________________________________ 36b. thymin ________________________________________________________________________ 37a. adrenalism_____________________________________________________________________

72  Chapter 5: Circulatory & Lymphatic Systems; Glands 37b. adrenokinetic___________________________________________________________________ 37c. adrenalinogenesis_______________________________________________________________ 38a. suprarenotropic_________________________________________________________________ 38b. suprarenopathy_________________________________________________________________ 39a. insulinopenic___________________________________________________________________ 39b. insulinemia____________________________________________________________________ 40a. gonadotropin___________________________________________________________________ 40b. gonadectomize_________________________________________________________________

6 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM PLURALS AND DIMINUTIVES

74  Chapter 6: Respiratory System

6.1 PROVIDE A SYNONYM Provide a synonym for each of the following words. 1.  nasoplasty_______________________________________________________________________ 2.  pulmonorrheic___________________________________________________________________ 3.  bronchoplegia____________________________________________________________________ 4.  spirometric______________________________________________________________________ 5.  epiglottiditic_____________________________________________________________________ 6.  rhinopharyngostenotic____________________________________________________________ 7.  diaphragmoclasis_________________________________________________________________

6.2 FILL-IN-THE-BLANK Fill in the blanks to complete both the definition and the medical term or terms. 1.  2.  3.  4.  5.  6. 

the larynx =

path

the nasopharynx =

scopic

the mediastinum = the trachea = the bronchi = the diaphragm =

itic stenotic plegic graph

Exercises for Chapter 6  75 7. 

the pleura =

spasm

8. 

the nose =

static

9. 

the septum =

orrhaphic

10. 

the lungs =

edematic

6.3 ANALOGIES 1.  If rhinoplasty is the surgical repairing of the nose, then the surgical repairing of the trachea is ____________________________________________ 2.  If pneumotome is an instrument for cutting the lung, then an instrument for cutting something involving an antrum is ________________________ 3.  If rhinopharyngoscopy is the examination of the nasopharynx, then the examination of the septum is ________________________________________________ 4.  If mediastinostomy is the making of an opening in the mediastinum, then the making of an opening in the trachea is ________________________________________ 5.  If laryngopharyngoscopy is the examination of the pharynx, involving the larynx, then the examination of the larynx, involving the pharynx is _____________________________ 6.  If pleurostomy is the making of an opening in the pleura, then the making of an opening in the neck is ___________________________________________ 7.  If pneumopexy is the adhesion of the lung, then the adhesion of the mediastinum is ______________________________________________ 8.  If osteoclast is something which breaks a bone, then something which breaks the septum is ___________________________________________ 9.  If neurosis is an abnormal condition involving nerves, then an abnormal condition involving an antrum is ____________________________________

76  Chapter 6: Respiratory System 10.  If pneumonometry is the measurement of the lung, then the measurement of the bronchus is _____________________________________________ 11.  If nasorrhaphy is the suturing of the nose, then the suturing of the larynx is ______________________________________________________ 12.  If phrenopath is one with a disease of the diaphragm, then one with a disease of the pleura is ________________________________________________ 13.  If pneopathy is a disease of breathing, then a disease of the sinuses is _______________________________________________________ 14.  If pharyngostasis is the stopping of the pharynx, then the stopping of the nose is ______________________________________________________ 15.  If hemorrhagia is the rapid flowing of blood, then the rapid flowing of air is ________________________________________________________ 16.  If nasostomy is the making of an opening in the nose, then the making of an opening in the pharynx is _______________________________________ 17.  If epiglottography is the recording of the epiglottis, then the recording of the lung is ______________________________________________________

6.4 LATIN ANATOMICAL PHRASES Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. membranae cerebrales_____________________________________________________________ 2. ganglia sacralia____________________________________________________________________ 3. musculi nasales___________________________________________________________________ 4. ossa facialia_______________________________________________________________________ 5. vas lymphocapillare_______________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 6  77 6. vasa sanguinea____________________________________________________________________ 7. glandulae ciliares__________________________________________________________________ 8. ossicula cranialia__________________________________________________________________ 9. vena glutealis_____________________________________________________________________ 10. ossa tarsalia_____________________________________________________________________

6.5 LATIN PHRASES NAMING MEDICAL PROBLEMS Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. pneumonia pleuritica______________________________________________________________ 2. conjunctivitis membranosa_________________________________________________________ 3. arthropathia osteopulmonaria______________________________________________________ 4. dermatitis nasalis__________________________________________________________________ 5. cephalalgia pharyngotympanica____________________________________________________ 6. thyroiditis lymphatica______________________________________________________________ 7. bronchitis laryngotrachealis________________________________________________________ 8. bronchiectasis capillaris____________________________________________________________ 9. varix lymphaticus_________________________________________________________________

78  Chapter 6: Respiratory System 10. pneumonia malleosa_____________________________________________________________

6.6 DIVIDE AND DEFINE 1a. rhinogenous_____________________________________________________________________ 1b. rhinonecrosis____________________________________________________________________ 1c. rhinorrhaphy ____________________________________________________________________ 2a. nasobronchial___________________________________________________________________ 2b. nasoantrostomy__________________________________________________________________ 3a. sinobronchitis___________________________________________________________________ 3b. sinusoid_________________________________________________________________________ 4a. septectomy______________________________________________________________________ 4b. septum nasale___________________________________________________________________ 4c. septum cartilagineum_____________________________________________________________ 5a. antronasal_______________________________________________________________________ 5b. antrum cardiacum_______________________________________________________________ 5c. antrum tympanicum______________________________________________________________ 6a. pharyngismus___________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 6  79 6b. pharyngolaryngitis_______________________________________________________________ 6c. pharyngoconjunctivitis___________________________________________________________ 7a. rhinopharyngocele_______________________________________________________________ 7b. nasopharyngeal__________________________________________________________________ 7c. rhinopharyngolith________________________________________________________________ 7d. nasopharyngolaryngoscope_______________________________________________________ 8a. epiglottic ________________________________________________________________________ 8b. epiglottidean____________________________________________________________________ 9a. laryngocentesis__________________________________________________________________ 9b. laryngopathy____________________________________________________________________ 9c. laryngoplasty____________________________________________________________________ 9d. laryngoptosis____________________________________________________________________ 10a. trachealgia_____________________________________________________________________ 10b. tracheostenosis_________________________________________________________________ 10c. tracheobronchomegaly__________________________________________________________

80  Chapter 6: Respiratory System 10d. tracheostomize_________________________________________________________________ 11a. bronchiectatic__________________________________________________________________ 11b. bronchoplegia__________________________________________________________________ 11c. bronchorrhagia _________________________________________________________________ 12a. pneumonedema________________________________________________________________ 12b. pneumonemia__________________________________________________________________ 12c. pneumotropism_________________________________________________________________ 12d. pneumocephalon_______________________________________________________________ 13a. pulmoaortic____________________________________________________________________ 13b. pulmonary_____________________________________________________________________ 13c. pulmonologist__________________________________________________________________ 14a. pleuralgic______________________________________________________________________ 14b. pleurorrhea____________________________________________________________________ 14c. pleuropericarditis_______________________________________________________________ 15a. phrenodynia____________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 6  81 15b. phrenospasm___________________________________________________________________ 16a. diaphragmatocele_______________________________________________________________ 16b. diaphragmata___________________________________________________________________ 17a. mediastinitis____________________________________________________________________ 17b. mediastinoscopic_______________________________________________________________ 18a. spirography_____________________________________________________________________ 18b. spirometry_____________________________________________________________________ 19a. pneoscope_____________________________________________________________________ 19b. pneograph_____________________________________________________________________ 20a. pneumatics_____________________________________________________________________ 20b. pneumatotherapy_______________________________________________________________ 20c. pneumomalacia_________________________________________________________________ 20d. pneumohemopericardium_______________________________________________________ 20e. pneumoencephalomyelography__________________________________________________

82  Chapter 6: Respiratory System

6.7 PLURALIZE 1.  sinus_________________________________

8.  phalanx_______________________________

2.  myrinx_______________________________

9.  iris___________________________________

3.  umbilicus____________________________

10.  malleus______________________________

4.  ulna__________________________________

11.  septum______________________________

5.  sternum______________________________

12.  larynx_______________________________

6.  astragalus_____________________________

13.  nasal sinus___________________________

7.  vertebra______________________________

14.  sinus nasalis_________________________

15.  septum cartilagineum____________________________________________________________ 16.  ligamentum tibiale_______________________________________________________________ 17.  musculus pubococcygeus________________________________________________________ 18.  musculus sternalis_______________________________________________________________ 19.  vena brachiocephalica___________________________________________________________ 20.  vena cervicalis___________________________________________________________________ 21.  arteria brachialis________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 6  83

6.8 DIVIDE AND DEFINE (DIMINUTIVES) 1.  bronchiolus______________________________________________________________________ 2.  bronchiolitis_____________________________________________________________________ 3.  bronchiolectasis__________________________________________________________________ 4.  bronchioli_______________________________________________________________________ 5.  venulae__________________________________________________________________________ 6.  lienculus_________________________________________________________________________ 7.  lingula (ling- = tongue)____________________________________________________________ 8.  septulum________________________________________________________________________ 9.  pediculus________________________________________________________________________

6.9 GENDER AND NUMBER Give the gender and number of the following words, and (on the analogy of words like “musculus” and “valvula”) give their English forms. 1.  bronchiolus______________________________________________________________________

2.  vestibulum______________________________________________________________________ 3.  capsulae_________________________________________________________________________ 4.  lobuli____________________________________________________________________________

84  Chapter 6: Respiratory System 5.  granulae_________________________________________________________________________ 6.  folliculus_________________________________________________________________________ 7.  pedunculi________________________________________________________________________ 8.  ductulus_________________________________________________________________________ 9.  vesiculae_____________________________________________________________________

6.10 MORE PRACTICE WITH GENDER As accurately as you are able, divide and determine the gender of the following plural words (all borrowed from Latin), give the corresponding singular form, and (where possible) supply a related word with a different ending. 1.  colloquia________________________________________________________________________ 2.  alumni__________________________________________________________________________ 3.  alumnae_________________________________________________________________________ 4.  indices__________________________________________________________________________ 5.  phenomena______________________________________________________________________ 6.  personae________________________________________________________________________ 7.  data_____________________________________________________________________________ 8.  calculi___________________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 6  85 9.  errata___________________________________________________________________________ 10.  psychoses_______________________________________________________________________ 11.  agenda_________________________________________________________________________ 12.  addenda________________________________________________________________________ 13.  corrigenda______________________________________________________________________ 14.  appendices_____________________________________________________________________ 15.  genitalia____________________________________________________________________

7 ORAL-DENTAL SYSTEMS

88  Chapter 7: Oral-Dental Systems

7.1 PROVIDE A SYNONYM Provide a synonym for each of the following words. 1.  mentostomy_____________________________________________________________________ 2.  stomotic_________________________________________________________________________ 3.  cheilorrhaphic___________________________________________________________________ 4.  linguopectic______________________________________________________________________ 5.  uraniscomalacia__________________________________________________________________ 6.  staphylostenotic__________________________________________________________________ 7.  odontagra________________________________________________________________________ 8.  ulitis____________________________________________________________________________ 9.  amelopenia______________________________________________________________________ 10.  pulpoplasia_____________________________________________________________________

7.2 FILL-IN-THE-BLANK Fill in the blanks to complete both the definition and the medical term or terms. 1.  2.  3. 

a tooth = dentin =

lithic penic

the periodontium =

ectopic

Exercises for Chapter 7  89 4. 

the gums =

5. 

ectatic

the palate =

6. 

gums =

megalic

iatrist

7. 

the uvula =

8. 

the periodontium =

9. 

cele

the enamel =

10. 

cementum =

phage

malacic in

7.3 ANALOGIES 1.  If glossoscopic is p.t. the examination of the tongue, then p.t. the examination of the jaw is _________________________________________________ 2.  If maxillosclerosis is the hardening of the upper jaw, then the hardening of a tooth is ______________________________________________________ 3.  If odontonecrosis is the death of a tooth, then the death of something involving the lower jaw is __________________________________ 4.  If gingivospasm is a spasm of the gums, then a spasm of the periodontium is __________________________________________________ 5.  If cementoplasty is the surgical repairing of the cementum, then the surgical repairing of dentin is ________________________________________________ 6.  If amelotropism is the tendency to preferentially affect enamel, then the tendency to preferentially affect the tongue is __________________________________

90  Chapter 7: Oral-Dental Systems 7.  If maxillomandibula is the part of the lower jaw involving the upper jaw, then the part of the upper jaw involving the lower jaw is _________________________________ 8.  If linguopath is one with a disease of the tongue, then one with a disease of the cheek is ________________________________________________ 9.  If odontomaxilla is the part of the upper jaw involving teeth, then the part of the lower jaw involving teeth is _________________________________________ 10.  If adamantinotomy is the cutting of enamel, then the cutting of the jaw is _________________________________________________________ 11.  If periodontectopia is the displacement of the periodontium, then the displacement of the tongue is ________________________________________________ 12.  If ulotomic is p.t. the cutting of the gums, then p.t. the cutting of the lip is _______________________________________________________

7.4 LATIN ANATOMICAL PHRASES Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. ganglia thoracalia_________________________________________________________________ 2. os nasale _________________________________________________________________________ 3. glandulae linguales________________________________________________________________ 4. venae maxillares__________________________________________________________________ 5. arteria buccalis____________________________________________________________________ 6. valvula venosa____________________________________________________________________ 7. venae pulmonales_________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 7  91 8. musculus buccopharyngeus________________________________________________________ 9. os odontoideum___________________________________________________________________ 10. sinus maxillaris__________________________________________________________________

7.5 LATIN PHRASES NAMING MEDICAL PROBLEMS Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. otalgia dentalis____________________________________________________________________ 2. cheilitis glandularis________________________________________________________________ 3. bronchosis hemorrhagica__________________________________________________________ 4. pneumonia lymphocytica__________________________________________________________ 5. arthritis vertebralis________________________________________________________________ 6. chondria calcanea_________________________________________________________________ 7. myelopathia spondylotica cervicalis_________________________________________________ 8. conjunctivitis membranosa_________________________________________________________ 9. rhinorrhea cerebrospinalis_________________________________________________________ 10. meningitis optica_________________________________________________________________

92  Chapter 7: Oral-Dental Systems

7.6 DIVIDE AND DEFINE 1a. gnathologic______________________________________________________________________ 1b. gnathostomatics_________________________________________________________________ 2a. maxillopalatine__________________________________________________________________ 2b. maxillary________________________________________________________________________ 3a. mandibulopharyngeal____________________________________________________________ 3b. maxillomandibular_______________________________________________________________ 4a. genian__________________________________________________________________________ 4b. geniocheiloplasty________________________________________________________________ 5a. mentolabial_____________________________________________________________________ 5b. mentoplastic____________________________________________________________________ 6a. stomatomalacia__________________________________________________________________ 6b. stomatitides_____________________________________________________________________ 6c. stomatotomy____________________________________________________________________ 7a. oronasal_________________________________________________________________________ 7b. oropharynx______________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 7  93 8a. cheilophagia_____________________________________________________________________ 8b. cheilognathouranoschisis _________________________________________________________ 9a. labiograph_______________________________________________________________________ 9b. labiomental_____________________________________________________________________ 10a. buccogingival___________________________________________________________________ 10b. buccomaxillary_________________________________________________________________ 10c. buccostomy____________________________________________________________________ 11a. glossotrichia____________________________________________________________________ 11b. glossoptosis____________________________________________________________________ 12a. linguogingival__________________________________________________________________ 12b. linguodental____________________________________________________________________ 13a. palatognathous_________________________________________________________________ 13b. palatoplegia____________________________________________________________________ 14a. uranoschisis____________________________________________________________________ 14b. uranostaphylorrhaphy___________________________________________________________ 15a. staphyloptosis__________________________________________________________________

94  Chapter 7: Oral-Dental Systems 15b. staphylotome___________________________________________________________________ 16a. uvulectomy_____________________________________________________________________ 16b. uvula palatina__________________________________________________________________ 17a. cionitis ________________________________________________________________________ 17b. cionorrhaphy___________________________________________________________________ 17c. cionoptosis_____________________________________________________________________ 18a. odontalgic______________________________________________________________________ 18b. odontogen_____________________________________________________________________ 18c. odontolithiasis__________________________________________________________________ 19a. dentia__________________________________________________________________________ 19b. dentibuccal_____________________________________________________________________ 20a. periodontics____________________________________________________________________ 20b. periodontoclasis________________________________________________________________ 21a. gingivolabial____________________________________________________________________ 21b. gingivostomatitis _______________________________________________________________ 22a. ulatrophy_______________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 7  95 22b. ulhemorrhagia__________________________________________________________________ 23a. dentinoid______________________________________________________________________ 23b. dentinosteoid___________________________________________________________________ 24a. amelogenic_____________________________________________________________________ 24b. amelogenin____________________________________________________________________ 25a. adamantina ____________________________________________________________________ 25b. adamantine ____________________________________________________________________ 26a. pulpitides______________________________________________________________________ 26b. pulpodontics___________________________________________________________________ 27a. cementin ______________________________________________________________________ 27b. cementocyte____________________________________________________________________ 28a. axiobuccocervical_______________________________________________________________ 28b. axiobuccolingual________________________________________________________________ 28c. axiocervical_____________________________________________________________________ 28d. axiolabiolingual_________________________________________________________________ 28e. axiolinguocervical_______________________________________________________________

96  Chapter 7: Oral-Dental Systems 29a. distobuccopulpal________________________________________________________________ 29b. distopulpolingual_______________________________________________________________ 29c. distolinguo-occlusal_____________________________________________________________ 30a. mesiobuccopulpal______________________________________________________________ 30b. mesiogingival___________________________________________________________________ 30c. mesio-occlusodistal_____________________________________________________________ 31a. incisolabial_____________________________________________________________________ 31b. incisolingual____________________________________________________________________ 32. occlusocervical__________________________________________________________________ 33. labiocervical_____________________________________________________________________ 34a. labiolingual_____________________________________________________________________ 34b. labiogingival____________________________________________________________________ 35a. buccoaxiogingival_______________________________________________________________ 35b. buccodistal_____________________________________________________________________ 36a. linguomesial____________________________________________________________________ 36b. linguo-occlusal_________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 7  97 37a. gingivolinguoaxial_______________________________________________________________ 37b. gingivoaxial____________________________________________________________________ 38a. pulpodistal_____________________________________________________________________ 38b. pulpomesial____________________________________________________________________

7.7 DIVIDE AND DEFINE (LATIN PHRASES) 1.  arteria thoracoacromialis__________________________________________________________ 2.  venae ciliares_____________________________________________________________________ 3.  ligamentum ulnocarpeum_________________________________________________________ 4.  nervi thoracici____________________________________________________________________ 5.  musculus coracobrachialis_________________________________________________________ 6.  arteriae conjunctivales____________________________________________________________ 7.  ligamenta sacroiliaca______________________________________________________________ 8.  ligamenta sternopericardiaca______________________________________________________

8 BONES OF THE HEAD

100  Chapter 8: Bones of the Head

8.1 PROVIDE A SYNONYM Provide a synonym for each of the following words. 1.  atloclastic________________________________________________________________________ 2.  temporomastitis__________________________________________________________________ 3.  petrosopenic_____________________________________________________________________ 4.  sphenometry_____________________________________________________________________ 5.  zygomatectopic__________________________________________________________________ 6.  thrombauxis_____________________________________________________________________ 7.  arteriocirrhosis___________________________________________________________________ 8.  ethmectomy_____________________________________________________________________ 9.  phleborrhexis____________________________________________________________________ 10.  vasogram_______________________________________________________________________

8.2 FILL-IN-THE-BLANK Fill in the blanks to complete both the definition and the medical term or terms. 1.  2.  3.  the rapid flowing of

the frontal and parietal bones = sutura bone =

ethmoidale = lacrim

Exercises for Chapter 8  101 4. 

and ethmoid bone =

5. 

lacrimal

the occiput =

6. 

the cheek =

7. 

elcosis

the trachea =

8. 

a gland =

9. 

the heart =

10. 

a cell =

ostomic

ocleisis cirrhotic auxis toxicosis

8.3 ANALOGIES 1.  If sphenoptosis is the downward displacement of the sphenoid bone, then the downward displacement of the frontal bone is _________________________________ 2.  If occipitorrhexis is the rupturing of the occiput, then the rupturing of a suture is ______________________________________________________ 3.  If atlectasia is the distention of the atlas, then the distention of the styloid process is ____________________________________________ 4.  If lacrimectomy is the cutting out of the lacrimal bone, then the cutting out of the temporal bone is ____________________________________________ 5.  If stylodysplastic is p.t. the defective formation of the styloid process, then p.t. the defective formation of the mastoid process is _______________________________ 6.  If petrosopenia is a deficiency of the petrous part of the temporal bone, then a deficiency of the squamous part of the temporal bone is __________________________

102  Chapter 8: Bones of the Head 7.  If cephalauxis is the enlargement of the head, then the enlargement of the nose is ___________________________________________________ 8.  If vasocleisis is the closure of a vessel, then the closure of an artery is _______________________________________________________ 9.  If stylelcotic is p.t. the ulceration of the styloid process, then p.t. the ulceration of the tongue is ________________________________________________ 10.  If cerebrotoxin is a substance poisonous to the brain, then a substance poisonous to a nerve is ______________________________________________ 11.  If myelapheresis is the removal of bone marrow, then the removal of hemoglobin is ____________________________________________________ 12.  If encephalenchysis is the injection of fluid into the brain, then the injection of fluid into the heart is _____________________________________________ 13.  If omphalelcosis is the ulceration of the navel, then the ulceration of the epidermis is ________________________________________________ 14.  If zygomaticoclasis is the breaking of the zygomatic bone, then the breaking of the parietal bone is _______________________________________________ 15.  If temporalodynia is pain in something p.t. the temporal bone, then pain in something p.t. the ethmoid bone is ________________________________________ 16.  If frontectomy is the cutting out of the frontal bone, then the cutting out of the atlas is _____________________________________________________

8.4 LATIN ANATOMICAL PHRASES Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. arteria stylomastoidea_____________________________________________________________ 2. vasa maxillaria____________________________________________________________________ 3. sutura nasomaxillaris______________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 8  103 4. labium mandibulare_______________________________________________________________ 5. ligamentum stylomandibulare______________________________________________________ 6. musculus sternocleidomastoideus__________________________________________________ 7. os suturale________________________________________________________________________ 8. sinus sphenoparietalis_____________________________________________________________ 9. sutura squamomastoidea__________________________________________________________ 10. venae ethmoidales_______________________________________________________________

8.5 LATIN PHRASES NAMING MEDICAL PROBLEMS Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. arteritis temporalis________________________________________________________________ 2. meningeopathia cerebrospinalis____________________________________________________ 3. sinusitis frontalis__________________________________________________________________ 4. osteopathia myelogenosa__________________________________________________________ 5. arthropathia neuropathica_________________________________________________________ 6. thrombosis arterialis_______________________________________________________________ 7. bronchitis capillaris________________________________________________________________

104  Chapter 8: Bones of the Head

8.6 DIVIDE AND DEFINE 1a. frontomaxillary__________________________________________________________________ 1b. frontotemporal __________________________________________________________________ 2a. parietosphenoid _________________________________________________________________ 2b. parietosquamosal ________________________________________________________________ 3a. occipitocervical __________________________________________________________________ 3b. occipitomental___________________________________________________________________ 4a. atlantomastoid___________________________________________________________________ 4b. membrana atlantooccipitalis______________________________________________________ 5a. temporofacial____________________________________________________________________ 5b. ligamentum temporomandibulare_________________________________________________ 6a. mastoideocentesis________________________________________________________________ 6b. mastoidotympanectomy__________________________________________________________ 6c. masto-occipital__________________________________________________________________ 7a. stylohyoid_______________________________________________________________________ 7b. stylostaphyline___________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 8  105 8a. petrositis________________________________________________________________________ 8b. petrosquamosal__________________________________________________________________ 9a. squamo-occipital________________________________________________________________ 9b. squamozygomatic________________________________________________________________ 9c. squamosphenoid_________________________________________________________________ 10a. sphenoidal_____________________________________________________________________ 10b. sphenostomy___________________________________________________________________ 10c. sphenotribe____________________________________________________________________ 11a. zygomaticosphenoid____________________________________________________________ 11b. zygomaxillary___________________________________________________________________ 12a. ethmofrontal___________________________________________________________________ 12b. ethmoidolacrimal_______________________________________________________________ 13. ossa lacrimalia___________________________________________________________________ 14. nasofrontal______________________________________________________________________ 15. maxilloethmoidectomy___________________________________________________________ 16. temporomandibular _____________________________________________________________

106  Chapter 8: Bones of the Head 17a. suturae craniales ________________________________________________________________ 17b. sutura ethmoidomaxillaria_______________________________________________________ 17c. sutura squamosa________________________________________________________________ 17d. sutura parietomastoidea_________________________________________________________ 17e. sutura nasalis___________________________________________________________________ 17f. sutura sphenozygomatica ________________________________________________________ 18a. hyoepiglottic____________________________________________________________________ 18b. hyoglossal______________________________________________________________________ 19a. mastauxe_______________________________________________________________________ 19b. onychauxis_____________________________________________________________________ 20a. pneumonocirrhosis_____________________________________________________________ 20b. cardiocirrhosis__________________________________________________________________ 21a. arthrokleisis____________________________________________________________________ 21b. rhinocleisis_____________________________________________________________________ 22a. thymelcosis_____________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 8  107 22b. omphalelcosis__________________________________________________________________ 23a. hemoglobiniferous______________________________________________________________ 23b. sanguiferous____________________________________________________________________ 23c. ossiferous______________________________________________________________________ 24a. hemotoxicosis__________________________________________________________________ 24b. cytotoxicosis____________________________________________________________________ 25a. cytotoxic_______________________________________________________________________ 25b. myelotoxic_____________________________________________________________________ 26a. splenotoxin_____________________________________________________________________ 26b. thymotoxin_____________________________________________________________________ 27a. ototoxicity______________________________________________________________________ 27b. myelotoxicity___________________________________________________________________ 28a. hemapheresis___________________________________________________________________ 28b. thrombocytapheresis____________________________________________________________ 29a. rhinenchysis____________________________________________________________________

108  Chapter 8: Bones of the Head 29b. cirsenchysis____________________________________________________________________ 30a. rachiocampsis (diagnostic)_______________________________________________________ 30b. dactylocampsodynia____________________________________________________________ 31. osteocamp______________________________________________________________________ 32a. sympathicotripsy________________________________________________________________ 32b. ulotripsis_______________________________________________________________________ 33. osteotribe_______________________________________________________________________

8.7 DIVIDE AND DEFINE (REVIEW) 1.  geniohyoid_______________________________________________________________________ 2.  labiologic________________________________________________________________________ 3.  cytotoxicity______________________________________________________________________ 4.  adrenotoxin______________________________________________________________________ 5.  thyrotropin______________________________________________________________________ 6.  meningoradicular________________________________________________________________ 7.  craniomeningocele_______________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 8  109 8.  cleidomastoid____________________________________________________________________ 9.  osteothrombophlebitis____________________________________________________________ 10.  dactyledema____________________________________________________________________ 11.  crinogenic______________________________________________________________________ 12.  arthroneuralgia__________________________________________________________________ 13.  acrotrophoneurosis______________________________________________________________ 14.  ossiculectomy___________________________________________________________________ 15.  ossiculum______________________________________________________________________

8.8 DIVIDE AND DEFINE (LATIN PHRASES) 1.  os pneumaticum_________________________________________________________________ 2.  os frontale_______________________________________________________________________ 3.  ossa cranialia_____________________________________________________________________ 4.  os temporale_____________________________________________________________________ 5.  ossa costalia______________________________________________________________________ 6.  venae brachiocephalicae__________________________________________________________

110  Chapter 8: Bones of the Head 7.  nervi occipitales__________________________________________________________________ 8.  musculus omohyoideus___________________________________________________________ 9.  arteriae ethmoidales______________________________________________________________ 10.  glandula pinealis________________________________________________________________ 11.  glandulae suprarenales___________________________________________________________ 12.  glandula thyroidea_______________________________________________________________ 13.  glandulae parathyroideae_________________________________________________________

9 DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

112  Chapter 9: Digestive System

9.1 PROVIDE A SYNONYM Provide a synonym for each of the following words. 1.  abdominocentesis________________________________________________________________ 2.  laparotomy______________________________________________________________________ 3.  visceral__________________________________________________________________________ 4.  stomachodynia___________________________________________________________________ 5.  epiplectomic_____________________________________________________________________ 6.  cecenchysis______________________________________________________________________ 7.  rectorrheic_______________________________________________________________________ 8.  sialostasis________________________________________________________________________ 9.  choliferous_______________________________________________________________________ 10.  coprorrhagic____________________________________________________________________

9.2 FILL-IN-THE-BLANK Fill in the blanks to complete both the definition and the medical term or terms. 1.  2.  3. 

the common bile duct = the saliva =

lith penic

the sigmoid fold =

auctic

Exercises for Chapter 9  113 4. 

excrement =

5. 

orrheic

feces =

6. 

genetic

chyle =

7. 

cirrhotic

the appendix =

8. 

gram

the intestine =

9. 

saliva =

10. 

ics in

bile =

ologist

9.3 ANALOGIES 1.  If anticardiotic is operating against an abnormal condition involving the heart, then operating against an abnormal condition involving the lungs is ______________________ 2.  If transdermectomic is p.t. the cutting out of something through the skin, then p.t. the cutting out of something through the epiglottis is ____________________________ 3.  If intervascular is located between vessels, then located between teeth is ________________________________________________________ 4.  If paraspinal is beside the spine, then beside the septum is ___________________________________________________________ 5.  If circumrenal is p.t. something around the kidney, then p.t. something around the pleura is ______________________________________________ 6.  If periphlebic is surrounding the veins, then surrounding the retina is ________________________________________________________

114  Chapter 9: Digestive System 7.  If epihepatotic is p.t. an abnormal condition involving something upon the liver, then p.t. an abnormal condition involving something upon the hammer is ________________ 8.  If peripneumal is surrounding the lungs, then surrounding the radius is _______________________________________________________ 9.  If entodentotic is p.t. an abnormal condition involving something inside the teeth, then p.t. an abnormal condition involving something inside the veins is ___________________ 10.  If hypergastromalacic is p.t. the excessive softening of the stomach, then p.t. the excessive softening of the vagus nerve is ____________________________________ 11.  If extralienal is outside the spleen, then outside the vertebrae is _________________________________________________________ 12.  If pregastric is located before the stomach, then located before the neck is _______________________________________________________ 13.  If infrathoracic is below the chest, then below the sclera is _____________________________________________________________ 14.  If subrenostomic is p.t. the making of an opening in something below the kidney, then p.t. the making of an opening in something below the cerebellum is __________________ 15.  If antiencephalitic is against the inflammation of the brain, then against the inflammation of the aorta is ___________________________________________ 16.  If paracardiosclerotic is p.t. the hardening of something beside the heart, then p.t. the hardening of something beside the head is _________________________________ 17.  If circumcorneal is around the cornea, then around the arteries is ___________________________________________________________ 18.  If postgastric is behind the stomach, then behind a ventricle is ____________________________________________________________

9.4 LATIN ANATOMICAL PHRASES Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. valvulae anales____________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 9  115 2. arteria gastroduodenalis___________________________________________________________ 3. ganglion thoracicum splanchnicum_________________________________________________ 4. glandulae esophageae_____________________________________________________________ 5. ligamentum hepatocolicum________________________________________________________ 6. musculus puboanalis______________________________________________________________ 7. sinus rectales_____________________________________________________________________ 8. venae esophageales_______________________________________________________________ 9. sutura sphenozygomatica__________________________________________________________ 10. ossa parietalia___________________________________________________________________

9.5 LATIN PHRASES NAMING MEDICAL PROBLEMS Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. thrombosis mesenterica venosa_____________________________________________________ 2. varices gastroesophageales_________________________________________________________ 3. arthritis enteropathica_____________________________________________________________ 4. arteritis visceralis__________________________________________________________________ 5. phlebitis enterocolica lymphocytica_________________________________________________ 6. colomalacia hemorrhagica_________________________________________________________

116  Chapter 9: Digestive System 7. sinusitis maxillaris_________________________________________________________________ 8. bronchostenosis membranosa______________________________________________________ 9. pneumonia dermalis______________________________________________________________ 10. mastorrhea glandularis___________________________________________________________

9.6 DIVIDE AND DEFINE 1a. celiac___________________________________________________________________________ 1b. celiotomy_______________________________________________________________________ 1c. celiomyotomy____________________________________________________________________ 2a. abdominocentesis________________________________________________________________ 2b. abdominoscopy__________________________________________________________________ 3a. ventral __________________________________________________________________________ 3b. ventroptosis_____________________________________________________________________ 4a. laparogastrostomy________________________________________________________________ 4b. laparoscope_____________________________________________________________________ 4c. laparosplenectomy_______________________________________________________________ 5a. peritonealgia____________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 9  117 5b. peritoneopericardial______________________________________________________________ 6a. mesenteriorrhaphy_______________________________________________________________ 6b. mesenteriolum__________________________________________________________________ 7a. splanchnicectomy________________________________________________________________ 7b. splanchnology___________________________________________________________________ 8a. viscerotropic_____________________________________________________________________ 8b. viscerotrophic___________________________________________________________________ 9a. esophagectasia___________________________________________________________________ 9b. esophagocele____________________________________________________________________ 10a. gastrotoxin_____________________________________________________________________ 10b. gastrojejunostomy (two definitions)_______________________________________________ 10c. gastroenterocolitis_______________________________________________________________ 10d. gastradenitis____________________________________________________________________ 11a. stomachic______________________________________________________________________ 11b. stomachodynia_________________________________________________________________ 12a. cardiopyloric___________________________________________________________________

118  Chapter 9: Digestive System 12b. cardiectomy____________________________________________________________________ 13a. pyloroduodenitis________________________________________________________________ 13b. pylorostenosis__________________________________________________________________ 14a. omentosplenopexy (therapeutic)__________________________________________________ 14b. gastrosplenic omentum__________________________________________________________ 15a. epiploplasty____________________________________________________________________ 15b. epiploenterocele________________________________________________________________ 16a. duodenohepatic________________________________________________________________ 16b. duodenolysis (therapeutic)_______________________________________________________ 17a. cholecystoptosis________________________________________________________________ 17b. cholecystocholangiogram________________________________________________________ 18a. choledocholith__________________________________________________________________ 18b. choledocholithotomy____________________________________________________________ 19a. cholangiolitis___________________________________________________________________ 19b. cholangiogastrostomy___________________________________________________________ 20a. hepatocyte_____________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 9  119 20b. hepatodystrophy________________________________________________________________ 20c. hepaticolithotripsy______________________________________________________________ 20d. hepatopath_____________________________________________________________________ 20e. hepatophage___________________________________________________________________ 20f. hepaticocholedochostomy________________________________________________________ 20g. hepatotoxicity__________________________________________________________________ 20h. hepatocholangioenterostomy____________________________________________________ 21a. pancreatic______________________________________________________________________ 21b. pancreatin_____________________________________________________________________ 21c. pancreatogenous________________________________________________________________ 21d. pancreatolithotomy_____________________________________________________________ 21e. pancreotherapy_________________________________________________________________ 21f. pancreaticogastrostomy__________________________________________________________ 22a. enteraden______________________________________________________________________ 22b. enterocleisis____________________________________________________________________ 22c. enteroptotic____________________________________________________________________

120  Chapter 9: Digestive System 22d. enterokinin_____________________________________________________________________ 22e. enterostasis_____________________________________________________________________ 22f. enterostomal____________________________________________________________________ 22g. enterotoxigenic_________________________________________________________________ 22h. enterotoxemia__________________________________________________________________ 23a. jejunoileitis_____________________________________________________________________ 23b. jejunojejunostomy (two definitions)_______________________________________________ 24a. ileocolitis_______________________________________________________________________ 24b. ileac___________________________________________________________________________ 25a. colitides________________________________________________________________________ 25b. colonorrhagia___________________________________________________________________ 25c. colohepatopexy (therapeutic)_____________________________________________________ 26a. cecosigmoidostomy_____________________________________________________________ 26b. cecocolon______________________________________________________________________ 27a. typhlostenosis__________________________________________________________________ 27b. typhlolithiasis__________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 9  121 28a. appendicocele__________________________________________________________________ 28b. appendices epiploicae___________________________________________________________ 29a. sigmoidoscope__________________________________________________________________ 29b. sigmoidopexy (therapeutic)______________________________________________________ 30a. proctorrhea_____________________________________________________________________ 30b. proctospasm___________________________________________________________________ 31a. rectal__________________________________________________________________________ 31b. rectischiac______________________________________________________________________ 32a. anococcygeal___________________________________________________________________ 32b. anoderm_______________________________________________________________________ 33a. sphincterismus_________________________________________________________________ 33b. pharyngoesophageal sphincter___________________________________________________ 34a. sialolithotomy__________________________________________________________________ 34b. sialophagy______________________________________________________________________ 34c. sialotic_________________________________________________________________________ 35a. ptyalocele______________________________________________________________________

122  Chapter 9: Digestive System 35b. ptyalectasis_____________________________________________________________________ 36a. chymous_______________________________________________________________________ 36b. chymorrhea ____________________________________________________________________ 37a. chylomediastinum______________________________________________________________ 37b. chylorrhea_____________________________________________________________________ 37c. chylopoietic____________________________________________________________________ 38a. cholestatic______________________________________________________________________ 38b. cholohemothorax_______________________________________________________________ 38c. cholelithic______________________________________________________________________ 39a. bilin ___________________________________________________________________________ 39b. bilious _________________________________________________________________________ 40a. coprophagous__________________________________________________________________ 40b. coprolith_______________________________________________________________________ 41a. fecaloid________________________________________________________________________ 41b. fecalith_________________________________________________________________________ 42a. stercobilinogen_________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 9  123 42b. stercoral appendicitis____________________________________________________________ 43a. scatemia_______________________________________________________________________ 43b. scatologic______________________________________________________________________ 44. hepaticodochotomy______________________________________________________________ 45a. tracheostoma___________________________________________________________________ 45b. pharyngostoma_________________________________________________________________

9.7 DIVIDE AND DEFINE (REVIEW) 1.  iridoplegia_______________________________________________________________________ 2.  achillorrhaphy___________________________________________________________________ 3.  splenectomize____________________________________________________________________ 4.  cleidarthritis_____________________________________________________________________ 5.  phalangophalangeal______________________________________________________________ 6.  myelocytosis_____________________________________________________________________ 7.  chondrolysis (diagnostic)__________________________________________________________ 8.  aponeurotome___________________________________________________________________ 9.  hemocytometer__________________________________________________________________

124  Chapter 9: Digestive System 10.  lymphocytotic___________________________________________________________________ 11.  choriocele______________________________________________________________________ 12.  ductus venosus__________________________________________________________________ 13.  ductus parotideus_______________________________________________________________ 14.  ductuli biliferosi_________________________________________________________________ 15.  ductus lymphatici_______________________________________________________________ 16.  ductus arteriosus________________________________________________________________ 17.  arteria colica____________________________________________________________________ 18.  arteriae gastricae________________________________________________________________ 19.  ligamentum hepatoduodenale____________________________________________________ 20.  ligamenta sacrococcygea_________________________________________________________

10 URO-GENITAL SYSTEMS

126  Chapter 10: Uro-Genital Systems

10.1 PROVIDE A SYNONYM Provide a synonym for each of the following words. 1.  testiculosis_______________________________________________________________________ 2.  vesiculectomy____________________________________________________________________ 3.  phallotomic______________________________________________________________________ 4.  ovopenic________________________________________________________________________ 5.  ovarial___________________________________________________________________________ 6.  tubectomic______________________________________________________________________ 7.  uterodysplasia____________________________________________________________________ 8.  cervicectomy_____________________________________________________________________ 9.  vaginocleistic_____________________________________________________________________ 10.  episiorrhaphy___________________________________________________________________

10.2 FILL-IN-THE-BLANK Fill in the blanks to complete both the definition and the medical term or terms. 1.  2. 

the loin =

pathic

the spermatozoa =

lysis

Exercises for Chapter 10  127 3. 

the vagina =

4. 

the ovary =

5.  6. 

9.  10. 

auctic

the renal pelvis = the scrotum =

7.  8. 

ectatic

cirrhosis

the uterus = the testes = the bladder = the kidneys =

atrophic

sclerotic apheretic orrhaphy edematic

10.3 LATIN ANATOMICAL PHRASES Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. arteria ovarica____________________________________________________________________ 2. ganglia renalia____________________________________________________________________ 3. glandulae uterinae________________________________________________________________ 4. ligamentum genitoinguinale________________________________________________________ 5. musculi anorectoperineales________________________________________________________ 6. sinus renalis______________________________________________________________________

128  Chapter 10: Uro-Genital Systems 7. venae vesicales____________________________________________________________________ 8. arteria iliolumbalis________________________________________________________________ 9. ligamentum inguinale_____________________________________________________________ 10. musculus puboprostaticus________________________________________________________

10.4 LATIN PHRASES NAMING MEDICAL PROBLEMS Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. arthritis urethritica________________________________________________________________ 2. chondromalacia cystica____________________________________________________________ 3. nephritis arteriosclerotica__________________________________________________________ 4. nephropathia membranosa_________________________________________________________ 5. urethritis glandularis______________________________________________________________ 6. colitis uremica____________________________________________________________________ 7. ophthalmia hepatica_______________________________________________________________ 8. hepatitis cholangiolitica____________________________________________________________ 9. hematuria vesicalis________________________________________________________________ 10. nephrosclerosis arteriolaris________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 10  129

10.5 DIVIDE AND DEFINE 1a. lumbocolostomy_________________________________________________________________ 1b. lumboinguinal___________________________________________________________________ 2a. inguinodynia____________________________________________________________________ 2b. inguinoabdominal_______________________________________________________________ 3a. perineorrhaphy__________________________________________________________________ 3b. perineovaginorectal______________________________________________________________ 4a. genitourinary____________________________________________________________________ 4b. genitoplasty_____________________________________________________________________ 5a. uredema________________________________________________________________________ 5b. uronephrosis ____________________________________________________________________ 5c. urelcosis________________________________________________________________________ 5d. uricolytic (diagnostic)_____________________________________________________________ 5e. uroureter________________________________________________________________________ 5f. uropathogen_____________________________________________________________________

130  Chapter 10: Uro-Genital Systems 5g. uricocholia______________________________________________________________________ 5h. urogenous_______________________________________________________________________ 6a. uriniferous______________________________________________________________________ 6b. hematuria_______________________________________________________________________ 6c. lithuresis________________________________________________________________________ 7a. uratic _________________________________________________________________________ 7b. uraturia_________________________________________________________________________ 8a. ureapoiesis______________________________________________________________________ 8b. ureametry_______________________________________________________________________ 9a. urobilinoiden (“en” = “in”)________________________________________________________ 9b. urobilinogenemia________________________________________________________________ 10a. nephroptosis___________________________________________________________________ 10b. nephrophagiasis________________________________________________________________ 10c. nephrotonephritis_______________________________________________________________ 10d. nephrosclerosis_________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 10  131 10e. nephroses______________________________________________________________________ 10f. nephrotoxicity___________________________________________________________________ 11a. renogastric_____________________________________________________________________ 11b. renal hematuria_________________________________________________________________ 12a. pyelectasis______________________________________________________________________ 12b. pyeloplasty_____________________________________________________________________ 13a. pelviureteral____________________________________________________________________ 13b. pelviotomy_____________________________________________________________________ 14a. ureterocelectomy_______________________________________________________________ 14b. ureterocystoscope_______________________________________________________________ 14c. ureterosigmoidostomy___________________________________________________________ 15a. cystatrophia____________________________________________________________________ 15b. cystauxe_______________________________________________________________________ 15c. cysticolithotripsy________________________________________________________________ 15d. cystolithiasis____________________________________________________________________

132  Chapter 10: Uro-Genital Systems 15e. cysticorrhaphy__________________________________________________________________ 15f. cystoschisis_____________________________________________________________________ 16a. vesicopubic ____________________________________________________________________ 16b. vesical hematuria_______________________________________________________________ 16c. vesicouterine___________________________________________________________________ 17a. urethritis cystica________________________________________________________________ 17b. urethropexy (therapeutic)________________________________________________________ 17c. urethrotome____________________________________________________________________ 17d. urethritis glandularis____________________________________________________________ 18a. spermatocele___________________________________________________________________ 18b. spermatopathia_________________________________________________________________ 18c. spermophlebectasia_____________________________________________________________ 18d. spermatorrhea__________________________________________________________________ 18e. spermotoxin____________________________________________________________________ 19a. seminin________________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 10  133 19b. seminologist____________________________________________________________________ 20a. oscheolith______________________________________________________________________ 20b. oscheitis_______________________________________________________________________ 21a. inguinoscrotal__________________________________________________________________ 21b. scrotectomy____________________________________________________________________ 22a. orchialgia______________________________________________________________________ 22b. orchidotherapy_________________________________________________________________ 22c. orchiocele______________________________________________________________________ 23. testoid _________________________________________________________________________ 24a. epididymitis spermatogenosa_____________________________________________________ 24b. epididymo-orchiditis____________________________________________________________ 25a. vasoepididymostomy____________________________________________________________ 25b. vasovasostomy__________________________________________________________________ 26a. vasovesiculectomy______________________________________________________________ 26b. vesiculography__________________________________________________________________

134  Chapter 10: Uro-Genital Systems 27a. gonecystopoietic________________________________________________________________ 27b. gonecystolith___________________________________________________________________ 28a. spermatocystitis_________________________________________________________________ 28b. spermatocystectomy____________________________________________________________ 29a. prostaticovesical________________________________________________________________ 29b. prostatovesiculitis_______________________________________________________________ 30a. phallic _________________________________________________________________________ 30b. phallocampsis (diagnostic)_______________________________________________________ 31a. penischisis _____________________________________________________________________ 31b. penoscrotal_____________________________________________________________________ 32a. balanorrhagia___________________________________________________________________ 32b. balanoplasty____________________________________________________________________ 33a. oocytin_________________________________________________________________________ 33b. oogenetic______________________________________________________________________ 34a. oval _________________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 10  135 34b. ovotherapy_____________________________________________________________________ 35a. menometrorrhagia______________________________________________________________ 35b. menotropins____________________________________________________________________ 35c. emmeniopathy__________________________________________________________________ 35d. stomatomenia__________________________________________________________________ 35e. mastomenia____________________________________________________________________ 36a. oophorrhagia___________________________________________________________________ 36b. oophorogenous_________________________________________________________________ 37a. ovariocentesis__________________________________________________________________ 37b. ovariorrhexis___________________________________________________________________ 38a. salpingitic______________________________________________________________________ 38b. salpingolysis (therapeutic)_______________________________________________________ 39a. tubo-ovarian____________________________________________________________________ 39b. tubouterine ____________________________________________________________________ 40a. hysterostomatocleisis____________________________________________________________

136  Chapter 10: Uro-Genital Systems 40b. hysterometry___________________________________________________________________ 40c. hysterotrachelorrhaphy__________________________________________________________ 40d. hysterogram____________________________________________________________________ 41a. metrocolpocele_________________________________________________________________ 41b. metromalacia___________________________________________________________________ 41c. metroperitoneal_________________________________________________________________ 41d. metrostenosis__________________________________________________________________ 41e. metrophlebitis__________________________________________________________________ 42a. uterine ________________________________________________________________________ 42b. uterorectal_____________________________________________________________________ 43a. cervicovesical___________________________________________________________________ 43b. cervicocolpitis__________________________________________________________________ 44a. tracheloplasty___________________________________________________________________ 44b. trachelopexy (therapeutic)_______________________________________________________ 45a. colpostat_______________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 10  137 45b. colpoceliocentesis_______________________________________________________________ 46a. vaginoscopy____________________________________________________________________ 46b. hysterovagino-enterocele________________________________________________________ 47a. clitoridauxe_____________________________________________________________________ 47b. clitorimegaly___________________________________________________________________ 48a. vulvovaginitis___________________________________________________________________ 48b. vulvopathy_____________________________________________________________________ 49a. episiostenosis___________________________________________________________________ 49b. episioperineoplasty_____________________________________________________________ 50a. nymphohymeneal_______________________________________________________________ 50b. nymphectomy__________________________________________________________________ 51a. hymenorrhaphy_________________________________________________________________ 51b. hymenotomy___________________________________________________________________

11 PSYCHOLOGICAL TERMS

140  Chapter 11: Psychology

11.1 PROVIDE A SYNONYM Provide a synonym for each of the following words. 1.  urogenic_________________________________________________________________________ 2.  renopath_________________________________________________________________________ 3.  pyelorrhagia_____________________________________________________________________ 4.  cystitic___________________________________________________________________________ 5.  semenotherapy___________________________________________________________________ 6.  scrotoptosis______________________________________________________________________ 7.  psychotic________________________________________________________________________ 8.  oneiromania_____________________________________________________________________ 9.  narcophilic_______________________________________________________________________ 10.  pharmacomaniac________________________________________________________________

11.2 FILL-IN-THE-BLANK Fill in the blanks to complete both the definition and the medical term or terms. 1. 

the mind =

2. 

the emotions =

3. 

drugs =

tropic therapy phile

Exercises for Chapter 11  141 4.  5. 

dreams = disease =

6.  7.  8. 

mania esthetic

emotions = ideas =

graphic

a drug =

9.  10. 

anesthetic

leptic blood =

epilepsy =

lagnic iasis

11.3 LATIN ANATOMICAL PHRASES Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. venae uterinae____________________________________________________________________ 2. sinus urogenitalis__________________________________________________________________ 3. musculi rectourethrales____________________________________________________________ 4. ligamentum uteroovaricum________________________________________________________ 5. ganglia lumbalia__________________________________________________________________ 6. arteria testicularis_________________________________________________________________ 7. sutura sphenofrontalis_____________________________________________________________

142  Chapter 11: Psychology 8. ossa suturalia_____________________________________________________________________ 9. labium maxillare__________________________________________________________________ 10. lingua sphenoidalis_______________________________________________________________

11.4 LATIN PHRASES NAMING MEDICAL PROBLEMS Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. enterocolitis pseudomembranosa___________________________________________________ 2. nephritis nephrotoxicotica_________________________________________________________ 3. hepatitis cholestatica______________________________________________________________ 4. arthritis enteropathica_____________________________________________________________ 5. colitis lymphocytica_______________________________________________________________ 6. varices gastricae___________________________________________________________________ 7. thrombosis mesenterica arterialis___________________________________________________ 8. sinusitis ethmoidea________________________________________________________________ 9. arteritis umbilicalis________________________________________________________________ 10. conjunctivitis hemorrhagica_______________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 11  143

11.5 DIVIDE AND DEFINE 1a. psychalgic_______________________________________________________________________ 1b. psycholepsy_____________________________________________________________________ 1c. psychotolytic____________________________________________________________________ 1d. psychopath______________________________________________________________________ 1e. psychosomatic___________________________________________________________________ 2a. phrenology______________________________________________________________________ 2b. phrenoplegia (two definitions)_____________________________________________________ 3a. ideal ____________________________________________________________________________ 3b. ideophrenia_____________________________________________________________________ 4a. neurasthenic_____________________________________________________________________ 4b. neurotigenic_____________________________________________________________________ 4c. neuropsychiatrist_________________________________________________________________ 5a. erotogenesis_____________________________________________________________________ 5b. erotic___________________________________________________________________________ 6a. nyctalgia________________________________________________________________________

144  Chapter 11: Psychology 6b. nyctophobia_____________________________________________________________________ 6c. nycturia_________________________________________________________________________ 7a. hypnotherapy____________________________________________________________________ 7b. hypnodontics____________________________________________________________________ 8a. oneiroscopy_____________________________________________________________________ 8b. oneirophrenia___________________________________________________________________ 9a. narcotic_________________________________________________________________________ 9b. narcohypnia_____________________________________________________________________ 9c. phlebonarcosis___________________________________________________________________ 10a. pharmacopsychosis_____________________________________________________________ 10b. pharmacokinetics_______________________________________________________________ 10c. pharmacoendocrinology_________________________________________________________ 11a. esthesiogen_____________________________________________________________________ 11b. esthesioneure___________________________________________________________________ 11c. esthesioneurosis________________________________________________________________ 12a. anesthesimeter_________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 11  145 12b. anesthetic______________________________________________________________________ 12c. visceral anesthesia______________________________________________________________ 13a. hallucinosis____________________________________________________________________ 13b. hallucinogen___________________________________________________________________ 14a. nosophobe_____________________________________________________________________ 14b. nosotherapy____________________________________________________________________ 14c. nosotropic______________________________________________________________________ 15a. hysteroerotic____________________________________________________________________ 15b. hysteroepileptogenic____________________________________________________________ 16a. epileptoid______________________________________________________________________ 16b. epileptologist___________________________________________________________________ 17a. pseudesthesia__________________________________________________________________ 17b. pseudochylous__________________________________________________________________ 17c. pseudonarcotic_________________________________________________________________ 17d. pseudocephalocele______________________________________________________________ 17e. pseudo-osteomalacia____________________________________________________________

146  Chapter 11: Psychology 18a. cardiophobia___________________________________________________________________ 18b. urophobia______________________________________________________________________ 19a. nyctophobe_____________________________________________________________________ 19b. erotophobe_____________________________________________________________________ 20a. nosophilia______________________________________________________________________ 20b. nyctophilia_____________________________________________________________________ 21a. hemolysophilic_________________________________________________________________ 21b. cytophilic______________________________________________________________________ 22a. pharmacophile_________________________________________________________________ 22b. coprophile_____________________________________________________________________ 23a. cytophil________________________________________________________________________ 23b. coprophil______________________________________________________________________ 24a. coprophiliac____________________________________________________________________ 24b. hemophiliac____________________________________________________________________ 25. pharmacomania_________________________________________________________________ 26a. nosomanic_____________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 11  147 27b. erotomaniac____________________________________________________________________ 28a. trichoesthesia___________________________________________________________________ 28b. somatesthetic___________________________________________________________________ 28c. glossokinesthetic________________________________________________________________ 29a. acroanesthesia__________________________________________________________________ 29b. trichoanesthesia________________________________________________________________ 30a. thymoleptic____________________________________________________________________ 30b. narcolepsy_____________________________________________________________________ 31a. urolagnia ______________________________________________________________________ 31b. coprolagnia ____________________________________________________________________

11.6 DIVIDE AND DEFINE (LATIN PHRASES) 1.  syndesmosis tibiofibularis_________________________________________________________ 2.  diaphragma urogenitale___________________________________________________________ 3.  arteriae gastricae_________________________________________________________________ 4.  nervi rectales_____________________________________________________________________

148  Chapter 11: Psychology

11.7 PLURALS AND SINGULARS Make singulars into plurals and plurals into singulars. 1.  syndesmosis tibiofibularis_________________________________________________________ 2.  diaphragma urogenitale___________________________________________________________ 3.  arteriae gastricae_________________________________________________________________ 4.  nervi rectales_____________________________________________________________________

12 SUBSTANCES (ET CETERA)

150  Chapter 12: Substances (et cetera)

12.1 PROVIDE A SYNONYM Provide a synonym for each of the following words. 1.  aerogram________________________________________________________________________ 2.  nucleapheresis___________________________________________________________________ 3.  fibrogenous______________________________________________________________________ 4.  mucorrheic______________________________________________________________________ 5.  adiposophage____________________________________________________________________ 6.  acetopenic_______________________________________________________________________ 7.  lactorrhagic______________________________________________________________________ 8.  saccharemia_____________________________________________________________________ 9.  hyalophagy______________________________________________________________________ 10.  pseudosarcoma_________________________________________________________________

12.2 FILL-IN-THE-BLANK Fill in the blanks to complete both the definition and the medical term or terms. 1. 

a fibre =

2. 

pus =

otomy penia

3. 

4. 

wax =

acid =

phagic

dysplasia

Exercises for Chapter 12  151

5.  6. 

sweat = air =

philia kinetic

7.  8.  9. 

starch = tissues = flesh =

10. 

genetics

omatous

oncus the liver =

omatous

12.3 LATIN ANATOMICAL PHRASES Divide and define the following Latin phrases.

1. arteria hyaloidea__________________________________________________________________ 2. glandula sebacea__________________________________________________________________ 3. ligamentum mucosum_____________________________________________________________ 4. membrana vitrea__________________________________________________________________ 5. pericardium fibrosa________________________________________________________________ 6. venae jejunales____________________________________________________________________ 7. sinus prostaticus__________________________________________________________________ 8. septum rectovaginale______________________________________________________________

152  Chapter 12: Substances (et cetera) 9. musculus pubovesicalis____________________________________________________________ 10. arteria perinealis_________________________________________________________________

12.4 LATIN PHRASES NAMING MEDICAL PROBLEMS Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. meningioma lymphomatosum______________________________________________________ 2. arthritis pyogenica_________________________________________________________________ 3. seborrhea adiposa_________________________________________________________________ 4. proteinuria hematogenosa_________________________________________________________ 5. chondroma fibromyxoideum_______________________________________________________ 6. keratosis arsenicalis_______________________________________________________________ 7. pneumonia eosinophilica__________________________________________________________ 8. dermatitis seborrheica_____________________________________________________________ 9. lipomatosis renalis________________________________________________________________ 10. hepatitis pseudoalcoholica________________________________________________________ 11. hemangioma hemosideroticum____________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 12  153

12.5 DIVIDE AND DEFINE 1a. hydrokinesitherapy_______________________________________________________________ 1b. hydromeningocele _______________________________________________________________ 1c. hydropneumothorax______________________________________________________________ 2a. hygromatous____________________________________________________________________ 2b. hygremometry___________________________________________________________________ 3a. aeroneurosis_____________________________________________________________________ 3b. aerourethroscope________________________________________________________________ 4a. physohydrometra________________________________________________________________ 4b. physocephalia___________________________________________________________________ 5a. sarcomatosis_____________________________________________________________________ 5b. sarcopoietic_____________________________________________________________________ 6a. histoclastic______________________________________________________________________ 6b. histohematogenous ______________________________________________________________ 6c. histohydria______________________________________________________________________ 7a. synovectomy_____________________________________________________________________

154  Chapter 12: Substances (et cetera) 7b. synovin _________________________________________________________________________ 7c. membrana synovialis_____________________________________________________________ 8a. epithelitis_______________________________________________________________________ 8b. epitheliomatous__________________________________________________________________ 9a. karyoklasis______________________________________________________________________ 9b. karyostasis______________________________________________________________________ 9c. karyorrhectic____________________________________________________________________ 10a. nucleotoxin_____________________________________________________________________ 10b. nucleololus_____________________________________________________________________ 11a. fibroadenia_____________________________________________________________________ 11b. fibromectomy__________________________________________________________________ 11c. fibrillogenesis___________________________________________________________________ 12a. inolith _________________________________________________________________________ 12b. inochondritis___________________________________________________________________ 12c. inosuria________________________________________________________________________ 13a. elastolytic______________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 12  155 13b. elastofibroma___________________________________________________________________ 13c. membrana fibroelastica__________________________________________________________ 14a. mucocele_______________________________________________________________________ 14b. mucoenteritis___________________________________________________________________ 14c. mucosanguineous_______________________________________________________________ 15a. myxedematous _________________________________________________________________ 15b. myxocystitis____________________________________________________________________ 16a. blennorrheal___________________________________________________________________ 16b. otoblennorrhea_________________________________________________________________ 17a. serogastria______________________________________________________________________ 17b. serologist_______________________________________________________________________ 17c. nephrotoxic serum______________________________________________________________ 17d. serohepatitis____________________________________________________________________ 17e. serositides______________________________________________________________________ 18a. lipomyxoma____________________________________________________________________ 18b. lipuric _________________________________________________________________________

156  Chapter 12: Substances (et cetera) 18c. lipophil________________________________________________________________________ 19a. adipopectic_____________________________________________________________________ 19b. adiposalgia_____________________________________________________________________ 19c. adiposis cerebralis_______________________________________________________________ 20a. steatosis________________________________________________________________________ 20b. steatomatosis___________________________________________________________________ 20c. steatolytic______________________________________________________________________ 21a. pimeloma______________________________________________________________________ 21b. pimeluria ______________________________________________________________________ 22a. seborrheic______________________________________________________________________ 22b. sebiferous______________________________________________________________________ 22c. sebotropic______________________________________________________________________ 23a. cerolipoid______________________________________________________________________ 23b. ceruminoma___________________________________________________________________ 24a. cholesterohydrothorax __________________________________________________________ 24b. cholesterolemia_________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 12  157 25a. hidradenitis____________________________________________________________________ 25b. hidrocystomatosis_______________________________________________________________ 26a. pyencephalus___________________________________________________________________ 26b. pyoblennorrhea_________________________________________________________________ 26c. pyophysometra_________________________________________________________________ 26d. blepharopyorrhea_______________________________________________________________ 27a. lithocystotomy__________________________________________________________________ 27b. lithuresis_______________________________________________________________________ 28a. keratinocyte____________________________________________________________________ 28b. acrokeratosis___________________________________________________________________ 29a. alcoholemia____________________________________________________________________ 29b. alcohololysis____________________________________________________________________ 30a. alkalotic________________________________________________________________________ 30b. alkalitherapy___________________________________________________________________ 31a. purinometer____________________________________________________________________ 31b. purinolytic_____________________________________________________________________

158  Chapter 12: Substances (et cetera) 32a. amyloidosis____________________________________________________________________ 32b. amylophagy____________________________________________________________________ 33a. acidophilic_____________________________________________________________________ 33b. acidogenic_____________________________________________________________________ 33c. acidulous ______________________________________________________________________ 34a. acetimeter______________________________________________________________________ 34b. acetolysis_______________________________________________________________________ 35a. ketoplasia______________________________________________________________________ 35b. ketogenic______________________________________________________________________ 36a. galactocele_____________________________________________________________________ 36b. galactogen_____________________________________________________________________ 37a. lactiferous______________________________________________________________________ 37b. lactotrope______________________________________________________________________ 38a. oleotherapy_____________________________________________________________________ 38b. oleoperitoneography____________________________________________________________ 39a. glycorrhea _____________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 12  159 39b. glycopenia_____________________________________________________________________ 40a. saccharolytic____________________________________________________________________ 40b. saccharogalactorrhea____________________________________________________________ 41a. opsonocytophagic_______________________________________________________________ 41b. opsinogenous__________________________________________________________________ 42a. myelinogeny____________________________________________________________________ 42b. myelinotoxicity_________________________________________________________________ 43a. porphyrobilinogenuria___________________________________________________________ 43b. porphyrinopathy________________________________________________________________ 44a. eosinopenia____________________________________________________________________ 44b. eosinophilopoietin______________________________________________________________ 45a. gelometer______________________________________________________________________ 45b. gelatinoid______________________________________________________________________ 46a. zymic _________________________________________________________________________ 46b. zymoscope_____________________________________________________________________ 46c. enzymopathy___________________________________________________________________

160  Chapter 12: Substances (et cetera) 47a. pepstatin_______________________________________________________________________ 47b. pepsiniferous___________________________________________________________________ 48a. proteopectic____________________________________________________________________ 48b. nephrogenous proteinuria_______________________________________________________ 49a. albuminocholia_________________________________________________________________ 49b. albuminurophobia______________________________________________________________ 50a. pyogenic peptonuria_____________________________________________________________ 50b. hepatogenous peptonuria________________________________________________________ 51a. collagenogenic__________________________________________________________________ 51b. collagenitis_____________________________________________________________________ 52a. fibrinogenopenic________________________________________________________________ 52b. fibrinophilic____________________________________________________________________ 53a. toxemic________________________________________________________________________ 53b. toxigenicity_____________________________________________________________________ 54a. arseniasis______________________________________________________________________ 54b. arsenicophagy__________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 12  161 55a. metallesthesia__________________________________________________________________ 55b. metalliferous___________________________________________________________________ 56a. crystalloid______________________________________________________________________ 56b. crystalluria_____________________________________________________________________ 57a. membrana hyaloidea____________________________________________________________ 57b. hematogenous hyalin____________________________________________________________ 57c. hyalophagy_____________________________________________________________________ 58a. vitreous________________________________________________________________________ 58b. vitrectomy _____________________________________________________________________ 59a. calciokinetic____________________________________________________________________ 59b. calcipyelitis_____________________________________________________________________ 60a. anthracotic_____________________________________________________________________ 60b. anthracoid_____________________________________________________________________ 61a. cupruretic______________________________________________________________________ 61b. cupremia ______________________________________________________________________ 62a. siderophilous___________________________________________________________________

162  Chapter 12: Substances (et cetera) 62b. trichosiderin____________________________________________________________________ 63a. lactoferrin______________________________________________________________________ 63b. ferrotherapy____________________________________________________________________ 64a. stannosis_______________________________________________________________________ 64b. stanniferous____________________________________________________________________ 65a. thioiodotherapy_________________________________________________________________ 65b. thiopectic______________________________________________________________________ 66a. kalemia________________________________________________________________________ 66b. cytokalipenia___________________________________________________________________ 67a. iodimetry______________________________________________________________________ 67b. iodoventriculography____________________________________________________________ 68a. azoturic________________________________________________________________________ 68b. azotometer_____________________________________________________________________ 69a. phosphatoptosis________________________________________________________________ 69b. phosphonecrosis________________________________________________________________ 70a. halodermia_____________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 12  163 70b. halophilic______________________________________________________________________ 71a. oxymyohematin_________________________________________________________________ 71b. oxypurine______________________________________________________________________ 72a. conifibrosis_____________________________________________________________________ 72b. pneumoconiosis ________________________________________________________________ 73a. mastochondroma _______________________________________________________________ 73b. lipomatoid_____________________________________________________________________ 73c. fibromatogenic _________________________________________________________________ 74a. oncotropic_____________________________________________________________________ 74b. oncocytic______________________________________________________________________ 74c. blepharoncus___________________________________________________________________

13 PREPOSITIONAL PREFIXES

166  Chapter 13: Prepositional Prefixes

13.1 PROVIDE A SYNONYM Provide a synonym for each of the following words. 1.  paraphlebic______________________________________________________________________ 2.  epigalactotic_____________________________________________________________________ 3.  suprapyloric_____________________________________________________________________ 4.  hypomembranoplasty_____________________________________________________________ 5.  extracytonecrosis_________________________________________________________________ 6.  encraniopathy____________________________________________________________________ 7.  prepseudoepileptic_______________________________________________________________ 8.  retrosternal______________________________________________________________________ 9.  protrichophagic__________________________________________________________________ 10.  interrenal_______________________________________________________________________

13.2 FILL-IN-THE-BLANK Fill in the blanks to complete both the definition and the medical term or terms. 1.  2. 

the liver = supra the gallbladder = epi

Exercises for Chapter 13  167 3. 

the kidney = circum

4. 

the stomach = post

5. 

the chest = infra

6.  7.  8. 

the lungs = inter the skin = hypo breathing = anti

9. 

the inflammation of the gonads = pre

10. 

the heart = peri

13.3 ANALOGIES 1.  If circumvasculomalacia is the softening of something around a vessel, then the softening of something around the wrist is _____________________________________ 2.  If subrenorrhaphy is the suturing of something below the kidney, then the suturing of something below the esophagus is _________________________________ 3.  If epiosteon is something upon a bone, then something upon the skull is _____________________________________________________ 4.  If subrenostomy is the making of an opening in something below the kidney, then the making of an opening in something below the hyoid bone is _____________________ 5.  If infracystoschisis is the splitting of something below the bladder, then the splitting of something below a vein is _________________________________________ 6.  If epihepatosclerotic is p.t. the hardening of something upon the liver, then p.t. the hardening of something upon the lacrimal bone is __________________________

168  Chapter 13: Prepositional Prefixes 7.  If supracholecystedema is the swelling of something above the gallbladder, then the swelling of something above the renal pelvis is _________________________________ 8.  If hypercionorrhaphy is the suturing of something above the uvula, then the suturing of something above the jaw is________________________________________ 9.  If paraphrenodynia is pain in something beside the diaphragm, then pain in something beside the frontal bone is ______________________________________ 10.  If hypodermatotrophy is the insufficient growth of the skin, then the insufficient growth of the pylorus is ___________________________________________ 11.  If endohepatodystrophy is the defective growth of something inside the liver, then the defective growth of something inside the heart is _______________________________ 12.  If infrabuccometry is the measurement of something below the cheek, then the measurement of something below the chest is _________________________________ 13.  If perityphlotome is an instrument for cutting something surrounding the cecum, then an instrument for cutting something surrounding the gums is _______________________ 14.  If encostalgia is pain involving something inside a rib, then pain involving something inside the canthus is ____________________________________

13.4 LATIN ANATOMICAL PHRASES Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. ligamenta intercarpalia____________________________________________________________ 2. arteria supraduodenalis____________________________________________________________ 3. vena prepylorica__________________________________________________________________ 4. musculi suboccipitales_____________________________________________________________ 5. sutura intermaxillaris______________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 13  169 6. os epitympanicum_________________________________________________________________ 7. membrana suprapleuralis__________________________________________________________ 8. venae paraumbilicales_____________________________________________________________ 9. arteriae retroduodenales___________________________________________________________ 10. vasa intrapulmonaria_____________________________________________________________ 11. ganglion sublinguale_____________________________________________________________

13.5 LATIN PHRASES NAMING MEDICAL PROBLEMS Divide and define the following Latin phrases. 1. thrombosis intracranialis___________________________________________________________ 2. osteosarcoma parosteale___________________________________________________________ 3. dermatitis periocularis_____________________________________________________________ 4. nephropathia hypokalemica________________________________________________________ 5. chondrodystrophia hyperplastica___________________________________________________ 6. hepatitis hypoxica_________________________________________________________________ 7. hypoxia histotoxica________________________________________________________________ 8. ophthalmoplegia supranuclearis____________________________________________________

170  Chapter 13: Prepositional Prefixes 9. chondroma periosteale____________________________________________________________ 10. angiomatosis encephalofacialis____________________________________________________ 11. pericarditis postpericardiotomica__________________________________________________

13.6 DIVIDE AND DEFINE 1a. hyperalbuminemia_______________________________________________________________ 1b. hypermenorrhea_________________________________________________________________ 1c. hypertrichosis____________________________________________________________________ 1d. hypernephritis___________________________________________________________________ 1e. hyperpneic______________________________________________________________________ 2a. epimenorrhagia__________________________________________________________________ 2b. epicranium______________________________________________________________________ 2c. epicardiolysis (therapeutic)________________________________________________________ 3a. supra-acromial___________________________________________________________________ 3b. suprahepatic____________________________________________________________________ 4a. hypostomia______________________________________________________________________ 4b. hypocytosis______________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 13  171 4c. nervus iliohypogastricus__________________________________________________________ 5a. subendocardial__________________________________________________________________ 5b. subglossitis______________________________________________________________________ 5c. subgingival______________________________________________________________________ 6a. inframandibular_________________________________________________________________ 6b. infrapsychic_____________________________________________________________________ 7a. pericolic_________________________________________________________________________ 7b. periosteotome___________________________________________________________________ 8a. circumcorneal___________________________________________________________________ 8b. circumoral______________________________________________________________________ 9a. parencephalon___________________________________________________________________ 9b. parodontal______________________________________________________________________ 9c. paratyphlitis_____________________________________________________________________ 10a. extracystic______________________________________________________________________ 10b. extraperiosteal__________________________________________________________________ 11a. exocranioptogenic______________________________________________________________

172  Chapter 13: Prepositional Prefixes 11b. exenteritis______________________________________________________________________ 11c. exostosis cartilaginea____________________________________________________________ 12a. exopathy_______________________________________________________________________ 12b. exothymopexy (therapeutic)______________________________________________________ 13a. ectoscopy______________________________________________________________________ 13b. ectental________________________________________________________________________ 14a. endocardium___________________________________________________________________ 14b. endocardiopathy________________________________________________________________ 14c. endepidermis___________________________________________________________________ 15a. encelialgia______________________________________________________________________ 15b. encanthis______________________________________________________________________ 16a. intracostal______________________________________________________________________ 16b. intraserous_____________________________________________________________________ 17a. entocele________________________________________________________________________ 17b. entophthalmia__________________________________________________________________ 17c. entoretina______________________________________________________________________

Exercises for Chapter 13  173 18a. precirrhotic_____________________________________________________________________ 18b. prevesical______________________________________________________________________ 18c. predentin______________________________________________________________________ 19a. promyelocyte___________________________________________________________________ 19b. prochondral____________________________________________________________________ 19c. properitoneal___________________________________________________________________ 20a. retrorectal______________________________________________________________________ 20b. retrosinus______________________________________________________________________ 21a. postencephalitic________________________________________________________________ 21b. posthepatic ____________________________________________________________________ 22a. transventricular_________________________________________________________________ 22b. transepithelial__________________________________________________________________ 23a. interlabial______________________________________________________________________ 23b. interfemoral____________________________________________________________________ 23c. interureteric____________________________________________________________________ 24a. syncholia_______________________________________________________________________

174  Chapter 13: Prepositional Prefixes 24b. syndactylia_____________________________________________________________________ 24c. synosteology____________________________________________________________________ 25a. anticholesteremic_______________________________________________________________ 25b. antihemorrhagic ________________________________________________________________ 25c. antisialic_______________________________________________________________________

ANSWERS TO ALL EXERCISES

176  Answer Keys: 1.1

1.1 1.  x‑it/ic — p.t. (= pertaining to) the inflammation of x

23.  x‑o‑malac/ic — p.t. the softening of x

2.  x‑it/o/gen — a substance which produces the inflammation of x

25.  x‑o‑sten/ot/ic — p.t. the narrowing of x

3.  x‑o/rrhect/ic — p.t. the rupturing of x

24.  x‑o‑necr/ot/ic — p.t. the death of x 26.  x‑o‑scler/ot/ic — p.t. the hardening of x

4.  x‑o‑schist/ic — p.t. the splitting of x

27.  x‑o/pt/ot/ic — p.t. the downward displacement of x

5.  x‑iast/ic — p.t. the abnormal presence of x

28.  x‑agr/al — p.t. gouty pain in x

6.  x‑ot/ic — p.t. an abnormal condition involving x

29.  x‑o/rrhe/ic — p.t. the flowing of (something from) x

7.  x‑o‑path/o/log/ic — p.t. the study of the diseases of x

30.  x‑edemat/ous — p.t. the swelling of x

8.  x‑o‑path/o/log/ist — one who studies the diseases of x 9.  x‑o‑megal/ic — p.t. the enlargement of x 10.  x‑o‑phag/ist — one who ingests x 11.  x‑o‑gen/et/ic/s — the science of the production of x 12.  x‑o‑poi/et/ic — p.t. the formation of x 13.  x‑o‑poi/et/in — a substance which forms x

31.  x‑o‑cel/alg/ia — pain involving the protrusion of (something through) x 32.  x‑o‑lith/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of a calculus in(volving) x 33.  x‑o‑lith/ias/is — the abnormal presence of a calculus in(volving) x 34.  x‑o‑spasm/ic — p.t. a spasm of x 35.  x‑o‑spasm/ia — an abnormal condition involving spasms of x 36.  x‑ism/ic — p.t. a spasm of x

14.  x‑o‑kin/et/ic — p.t. the movement of x

37.  x‑ec/top/ic — p.t. the displacement of x

15.  x‑o‑kin/in — a substance which moves x

38.  x‑ec/tat/ic — p.t. the distention of x

16.  x‑o‑kin/et/ic/s — the science of the movement of x

39.  x‑o‑dys/plast/ic — p.t. the defective formation of x

17.  x‑o‑kin/et/o/metr/y — the measurement 40.  x‑o‑troph/ic — p.t. the growth/ of the movement of x nourishment of x 18.  x‑alg/ic — p.t. pain in or involving x 41.  x‑o‑dys/troph/ic — p.t. the defective 19.  x‑odyn/o/gen/es/is — the production of pain in(volving) x

42.  x‑a/troph/ic — p.t. the lack of growth of x

20.  x‑o‑pleg/ic — p.t. the paralysis of x

43.  x‑a/sthen/ic — p.t. the lack of strength of x

21.  x‑o‑pen/ic — p.t. a deficiency of x

44.  x‑o‑therap/ist — one who specializes in treatment by means of x

22.  x‑o/rrhag/ic — p.t. the rapid flowing of (something from) x

growth of x

Answer Keys: 1.3  177 45.  x‑iatr/ic/s — the science of the healing of x 46.  x‑iatr/ist — one who heals x 47.  x‑o‑cent/et/ic — p.t. the surgical puncturing of x 48.  x‑o/rrhaph/ic — p.t. the suturing of x 49.  x‑o/tom/ist — one who cuts x 50.  x‑ec/tom/iz/e — to cut out x 51.  x‑ec/tom/ist — one who cuts out x 52.  x‑o/stom/iz/e — to make an opening in x 53.  x‑o‑gen/et/ic/ist — one who specializes in the science of the production of x 54.  x‑o/log/ic — p.t. the study of x

55.  x‑o/log/ist — one who studies x 56.  x‑o‑metr/ic/s — the science of the measurement of x 57.  x‑o‑pect/in — a substance which fixes x 58.  x‑o‑lyt/ic — p.t. the separation of the adhesions of x 59.  x‑o‑lys/in — a substance which disintegrates x 60.  x‑o‑trop/ism — the tendency to preferentially affect x 61.  x‑o‑trop/in — a substance which preferentially affects x 62.  x‑o‑trop/ism/ic — p.t. the tendency to preferentially affect x

1.2 1.  x‑o‑phag/ic — p.t. the ingestion of x or p.t. something which ingests x

7.  x‑o‑path/ic — p.t. a disease of x or p.t. one with a disease of x

2.  x‑o/tom/ic — p.t. the cutting of x or p.t. an instrument for cutting x

8.  x‑o‑plast/ic — p.t. the formation of x or p.t. the surgical repairing of x

3.  x‑ec/tom/ic — p.t. the cutting out of x or p.t. an instrument for cutting out x

9.  x‑o‑graph/ic — p.t. the recording of x or p.t. an instrument for recording x or p.t. a record of x

4.  x‑o‑scop/ic — p.t. the examination of x or p.t. an instrument for examining x 5.  x‑o‑clast/ic — p.t. the breaking of x or p.t. something which breaks x

10.  x‑o‑metr/ic — p.t. the measurement of x or p.t. an instrument for measuring x 11.  x‑o‑trop/ic — preferentially affecting x

6.  x‑o‑stat/ic — p.t. the stopping of x or p.t. something which stops x

1.3 1.  x‑o/rrhex/is — the rupturing of x

4.  x‑o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of x

2.  x‑o/rrhag/ia — the rapid flowing of (something from) x

5.  x‑o/pt/os/is — the downward displacement of x

3.  x‑o/rrhe/a —the flowing of (something from) x

6.  x‑ec/top/ia — the displacement of x 7.  x‑ ec/tas/ia — the distention of x

178  Answer Keys: 1.4 8.  x‑o‑gen/es/is — the production of x

12.  x‑iast/ic — p.t. the abnormal presence of x

9.  x‑o‑poi/es/is — the formation of x

13.  x‑iatr/ic — p.t. the healing of x

10.  x‑o‑plas/ia — the formation of x

14.  x‑o‑troph/ic — p.t. the growth/ nourishment of x

11.  x‑o‑plast/y — the surgical repairing of x

15.  x‑o‑trop/ic — preferentially affecting x

1.4 1.  telegraphy

3.  telegram

5.  telegraphic

7.  telescope

2.  telegraph

4.  telegraphist

6.  telemetry

8.  telescopic

1.5 1.

2.

3.

4.

omphal/us omphal/ic/a omphal/oid/e/us mamm/a mamm/ar/i/us mamm/ar/i/um brachi/um brachi/al/is brachi/al/e encephal/on encephal/ic/um encephal/ic/us

the navel p.t. the navel resembling the navel the breast p.t. the breast p.t. the breast the arm p.t. the arm p.t. the arm the brain p.t. the brain p.t. the brain

colloqui/um alumn/us dat/um phenomen/on crani/um radi/us vertebr/a rect/um retin/a an/us

Neuter Masculine Neuter Neuter Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter Feminine Masculine

Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine Masculine Neuter Neuter Masculine or Feminine Neuter Neuter Neuter Masculine

1.6 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

colloqui/al, colloqui/al/ism alumn/i, alumn/a, alumn/ae dat/a phenomen/al crani/al radi/al, radi/ate vertebr/al, in/vertebr/ate rect/al, rect/ify, di/rect retin/al an/al

Answer Keys: 1.7  179 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

scrot/um phall/us vagin/a uter/us calcul/us

Neuter Masculine Feminine Masculine Masculine

scrot/al phall/ic vagin/al uter/ine calcul/ate

1.7 1

blurg‑ize

to become blurgs

2‑9

blurg‑al, blurg‑ic, blurg‑ous, blurg‑ary, blurg‑ar, blurg‑an, blurg‑ine, blurg‑ac

p.t. blurgs

10

blurg‑oid

resembling blurgs

11

blurg‑ia

an abnormal condition involving blurgs

12

blurg‑ist

one who specializes in blurgs

13

blurg‑in

a substance of blurg

14

blurg‑itis

the inflammation of a blurg

15

blurg‑orrhexis

the rupturing of the blurg

16

blurg‑o‑schisis

the splitting of the blurgs

16 & 17

blurg‑o‑schist‑iasis

the abnormal presence of the splitting of blurgs

18

blurg‑o‑clast‑ic

p.t. the breaking of blurgs

19

blurg‑osis

an abnormal condition involving blurgs

20

blurg‑o‑pathy

a disease of blurgs

21

blurg‑o‑megaly

the enlargement of the blurg

22

blurg‑o‑phagy

the ingestion of blurgs (Note that "ingestion" is almost never a procedure performed by medics; x‑o‑phagy is regularly a Diagnostic termination!)

22 & 12

blurg‑o‑phag‑ist

one who ingests blurg

23

blurg‑o‑genesis

the production of blurgs

24

blurg‑o‑poiesis

the formation of blurgs

180  Answer Keys: 1.7

25

blurg‑o‑kinesis

the movement of blurgs

25 & 10

blurg‑o‑kinet‑oid

resembling the movement of blurgs

23 & 25

blurg‑o‑kinet‑o‑genesis

the production of the movement of blurgs

26‑27

blurg‑algia, blurg‑odynia

pain in a blurg (or—who knows?—maybe "pain involving blurgs")

Review

blurg‑ary

p.t. blurgs

blurg‑an‑oid

resembling something p.t. blurgs

blurg‑al‑iz‑in

a substance which makes something p.t. a blurg

blurg‑ic‑oid‑ous

p.t. something resembling something p.t. blurgs

28 & 12

blurg‑ist‑o‑plegia

the paralysis of one who specializes in blurgs (the sophisticated humor exhibited here by the Venusian scientists makes the Venusians’ loss the harder to bear)

29

blurg‑o‑penia

a deficiency of blurg

30

blurg‑al‑orrhagia

the rapid flowing of something p.t. the blurg; or the rapid flowing of something from something p.t. blurgs

31

blurg‑ic‑o‑malacia

the softening of something p.t. blurg

32

blurg‑os‑o‑necrosis

the death of something p.t. the blurgs

33

blurg‑ar‑o‑stenosis

the narrowing of something p.t. a blurg

34

blurg‑an‑o‑sclerosis

the hardening of something p.t the blurg

35

blurg‑ac‑optot‑ic

p.t. the downward displacement of something p.t. blurgs

36 etc.

blurg‑oid‑agr‑oid‑ia

an abnormal condition involving something resembling gouty pain in something resembling a blurg

30

blurg‑orrhagic

p.t. the rapid flowing of blurg; or p.t. the rapid flowing of something from blurgs

37

blurg‑orrhea

the flowing of blurgs; or the flowing of something from a blurg

38

blurg‑edema

the swelling of the blurgs

Answer Keys: 1.7  181

39

blurg‑o‑cele

the protrusion of the blurg (gross!); or (grosser!) the protrusion of something through a blurg

40

blurg‑o‑lith‑s

calculi (or calculuses) in (or involving) a blurg

38‑39

blurg‑edemat‑o‑cele

the protrusion of something involving the swelling of a blurg; or the protrusion of something through something involving the swelling of blurgs

41

blurg‑o‑spast‑ic‑oid

resembling something p.t. a spasm of blurgs

42

blurg‑ismus

a spasm of the blurg

43

blurg‑ectopia

the displacement of blurg

44

blurg‑ectasia

the distention of blurgs

Review

blurg‑ist‑o‑schisis

the splitting of those who specialize in blurgs (see on 28 above)

43 & 44

blurg‑ectop‑ic blurg‑ectasia the distention of the blurg, p.t. the displacement of blurgs

44 & 43

blurg‑ectat‑ic blurg‑ectopia the displacement of a blurg, p.t. the distention of blurg

45

blurg‑o‑plasia (blurg‑o‑poi- the formation of blurg esis)

46

blurg‑o‑dysplasia

the defective formation of blurgs

47

blurg‑o‑trophy

the growth/nourishment of the blurg (although the one guy who tried to feed one got his hand bit off, so let's say "the growth of...")

48

blurg‑o‑dystrophy

the defective growth of a blurg

49

blurg‑atrophy

the lack of growth of blurgs

50

blurg‑asthenia

the lack of strength of the blurg

51

blurg‑o‑therapy

treatment by means of blurg (or blurgs)

51 & 13

blurg‑o‑therapeut‑ic blurg‑in‑s

substances of blurg, p.t. treatment by means of blurgs

52

blurg‑iatry

the healing of blurgs

53 & 32

blurg‑o‑necrot‑o‑stasis

the stopping of the death of the blurg

182  Answer Keys: 1.7

54‑55

blurg‑o‑plast‑ic blurg‑ic‑o‑centesis

the surgical puncturing of something p.t. a blurg, p.t. the surgical repairing of blurgs

56

blurg‑orrhaph‑ic

p.t. the suturing of blurgs

57

blurg‑o‑tomy

the cutting of a blurg

58

blurg‑ectomy

the cutting out of the blurg

59

blurg‑ostomy

the making of an opening in a blurg

60

blurg‑ics

the science of blurg

61 & 12

blurg‑o‑log‑ist

one who studies blurgs

62

blurg‑o‑scopy

the examination of blurg

63

blurg‑o‑metry

the measurement of blurgs

64 & 32

blurg‑o‑necrot‑o‑graphy

the recording of the death of blurgs

65

blurg‑al‑o‑pexy (diagnostic the adhesion of something p.t. the blurgs from context)

66

blurg‑o‑pexy (therapeutic from context)

the fixation of the blurg

blurg‑o‑lysis (diagnostic from context)

the disintegration of a blurg

blurg‑os‑o‑lysis (therapeu- the separation of the adhesions of something p.t. tic from context) blurgs 67

blurg‑o‑tropism

the tendency to preferentially affect blurgs

68

blurg‑o‑phag‑e

something which ingests the blurg

69

blurg‑o‑tom‑e

an instrument for cutting blurg

70

blurg‑ectom‑e

an instrument for cutting out a blurg

blurg‑ostom‑e

an instrument for making an opening in blurg

71

blurg‑o‑scop‑e

an instrument for examining the blurg

72

blurg‑o‑clast

something which breaks the blurg

73

blurg‑o‑stat

something which stops blurg

74 & 20

blurg‑o‑path‑o‑gen‑s

substances which produce diseases of blurgs

Answer Keys: 2.2  183

75

blurg‑o‑path‑s

ones with a disease of blurg

76

blurg‑o‑graph‑s

instruments for recording blurgs

77

blurg‑o‑gram‑s

records of blurgs

78

blurg‑o‑meter‑s

instruments for measuring the blurg

Review

blurg‑ot‑o‑gen

a substance which produces an abnormal condition involving blurg

blurg‑iatro‑gen‑s

substances which produce the healing of blurgs

79 & 32

blurg‑o‑necrot‑o‑genic blurg‑os‑es

abnormal conditions involving blurgs, producing the death of blurgs

80 & 52

blurg‑iatro‑gen‑ous

produced by the healing of blurgs

81

blurg‑o‑trop‑ic

preferentially affecting blurgs

82‑85

blurg‑us, blurg‑a, blurg‑um, a blurg blurg‑on

86

blurg‑eous

2.1 1.  omphalotherapy = umbilotherapy, umbilicotherapy

6.  chiratrophy = cheiratrophy

2.  somometrics = somatometrics

8.  epidermolytic = epidermatolytic

3.  pedogram = podogram

9.  omodynia = omalgia

4.  gonoplasty = gonyoplasty

10.  cytoplasia = cytopoiesis

5.  stethoscopic = thoracoscopic

7.  prosopogram = faciogram

2.2 1.  the displacement of cells = cytectopia 2.  the ingestion of a digit = dactylophagy

7.  the inflammation of the skin = dermatitis; dermitis

3.  the distention of the eyelid = blepharectasia

8.  the narrowing of the face = prosopostenosis; faciostenosis

4.  the defective growth of the body = somatodystrophy; somodystrophy

9.  the stopping of the hand = chirostasis; cheirostasis

5.  the healing of the head = cephaliatry

10.  the swelling of an arm = brachiedema

6.  the production of the nose = rhinogenesis

184  Answer Keys: 2.3

2.3 1.  If cephaledema is the swelling of the head, then the swelling of the limbs is meledema. 2.  If trichomegaly is the enlargement of hairs, then the enlargement of the nose is rhinomegaly. 3.  If omphalogenesis is the production of the navel, then the production of the hair is trichogenesis.

10.  If brachiodysplasia is the defective formation of an arm, then the defective formation of a foot is pedodysplasia or pododysplasia. 11.  If theletrophy is the growth of a nipple, then the growth of the neck is trachelotrophy or cervicotrophy. 12.  If arthrectopia is the displacement of the joints, then the displacement of the digits is dactylectopia.

4.  If dactylosis is an abnormal condition involving the digits, then an abnormal 13.  If cheirostasis is the stopping of the condition involving the skin is dermatosis hands, then the stopping of the elbow is or dermosis. anconostasis. 5.  If pedopathy is a disease of the foot, then a disease of the elbow is anconopathy.

14.  If glutitis is the inflammation of the buttocks, then the inflammation of the eyelid is blepharitis. 6.  If mastopexy is the fixation of a breast, then the fixation of the navel is omphalopexy or 15.  If cytonecrosis is the death of cells, then umbilopexy or umbilicopexy. the death of the skin is derm(at)onecrosis. 7.  If onychodystrophy is the defective growth 16.  If melogenesis is the production of of the nails, then the defective growth of limbs, then the production of the ear is the arm is brachiodystrophy. otogenesis. 8.  If otogenous is produced by the ear, then produced by the nose is rhinogenous. 9.  If prosopospasm is a spasm of the face, then a spasm of the eye is ophthalmospasm.

17.  If omotrophy is the growth of the shoulder, then the growth of the chest is thoracotrophy or stethotrophy. 18.  If mastopexy is the adhesion of a breast, then the adhesion of the knee is gonopexy or gonypexy.

2.4 1.  fascia thoracica = the fascia p.t. the chest

6.  regio facialis = the region p.t. the face

2.  musculus brachialis = the muscle p.t. the arm

7.  arteria umbilicalis = an artery p.t. the navel

3.  tuberositas glutealis = a tuberosity p.t. a buttock

9.  os pedale = a bone p.t. a foot

4.  margo cephalicus = a margin p.t. the head 5.  fovea dermatica = a pit p.t. the skin

8.  tractus somaticus = a tract p.t. the body 10.  fissura onychica = a fissure p.t. a nail

Answer Keys: 2.6  185

2.5 1.  arthritis enteropathica = the inflammation of the joints, p.t. a disease of the intestine

6.  ophthalmia hepatica = an abnormal condition involving the eye, p.t. the liver

2.  otalgia dentalis = pain in the ear, p.t. a tooth 7.  arthritis urethr‑itica = the inflammation of the joints, p.t. the inflammation of the 3.  cheiritis glandularis = the inflammation of urethra the hand, p.t. a gland 4.  dermatitis nasalis = the inflammation of the skin, p.t. the nose 5.  cephalalgia pharyngotympanica = pain in the head, p.t. the middle ear and pharynx

8.  arthritis myc‑otica = the inflammation of the joints, p.t. an abnormal condition involving a fungus

2.6 1a.  anthrop/o/kin/et/ic/s — the science of the 5e.  cyt/o/stat/ic — p.t. the stopping of cells movements of humans 5f.  cyt/o/therap/y — treatment by means of 1b.  anthrop/o/metr/ist — one who measures cells humans 6a.  arthr/alg/ic — p.t. pain in a joint 1c.  anthrop/o/phag/y — the ingestion of humans

6b.  arthr/o/stom/y — the making of an opening in a joint

2a.  som/a/sthen/ia — the lack of strength of the body

6c.  arthr/o/cel/e — the protrusion of a joint

2b.  somat/o/troph/ic — p.t. the growth/ nourishment of the body

7a.  acr/o/dermat/os/is — an abnormal condition involving the skin of the extremities

3a.  dermat/o/dys/plas/ia — the defective formation of skin

7b.  acr/o/mel/ic — p.t. the limbs, involving the extremities

3b.  derm/o/lys/in — a substance which disintegrates skin

8a.  mel/agr/a — gouty pain in a limb

4a.  epi/dermat/o/plast/y — the surgical repairing of the epidermis

9a.  cephal/edema — the swelling of the head

4b.  epi/derm/o/poi/es/is — the formation of the epidermis 4c.  epi/derm/o/trop/ic — preferentially affecting the epidermis 5a.  cyt/o/clast/ic — p.t. the breaking of cells 5b.  cyt/o/gen/ic — producing cells 5c.  cyt/o/necr/os/is — the death of cells 5d.  cyt/o/pen/ia — a deficiency of cells

8b.  mel/alg/ia — pain in a limb 9b.  cephal/o/cent/es/is — the surgical puncturing of the head 9c.  cephal/o/metr/ic/s — the science of the measurement of the head 10a.  trich/o/megal/y — the enlargement of hairs 10b.  trich/o/path/ic — p.t. a disease of the hair 10c.  trich/o/rrhex/is — the rupturing of the hairs

186  Answer Keys: 2.6 11a.  blephar/o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of the 17b.  cervic/o/thorac/ic — p.t. the chest and eyelid neck 11b.  blephar/o/pt/os/is — the downward displacement of the eyelid

18a.  trachel/o/log/y — the study of the neck

18b.  trachel/o/schis/is — the splitting of the 11c.  blephar/o/stat — something which stops neck the eyelid 19a.  om/agr/a — gouty pain in the shoulder 12a.  ophthalm/a/troph/y — the lack of growth 19b.  om/arthr/it/is — the inflammation of the of the eye joint of the shoulder 12b.  ophthalm/o/graph — an instrument for 20a.  brachi/alg/ia — pain in the arm recording the eye 20b.  brachi/o/cephal/ic — p.t. the head and 12c.  ophthalm/o/lith — a calculus involving arm the eye 21a.  ancon/it/is — the inflammation of the 12d.  ophthalm/o/pleg/ic — p.t. the paralysis elbow of the eye 21b.  ancon/oid — resembling an elbow 13a.  ot/iatr/ic/s — the science of the healing of 22a.  cheir/arthr/it/is — the inflammation of the ear the joints of the hand 13b.  ot/o/gen/ous — produced by the ear 22b.  cheir/o/pod/alg/ia — pain in the foot and 13c.  ot/o/lith/ias/is — the abnormal presence hand of a calculus involving the ear 23a.  dactyl/o/graph/y — the recording of 13d.  ot/o/scler/ot/ic — p.t. the hardening of something involving the digits the ear 23b.  dactyl/os/is — an abnormal condition 14a.  rhin/o/log/ist — one who studies the involving the digits nose 24a.  onych/o/dys/troph/y — the defective 14b.  rhin/o/rrhag/ia — the rapid flowing of growth of the nails something from the nose 24b.  onych/o/malac/ia — the softening of the 14c.  rhin/o/scop/e — an instrument for nails examining the nose 24c.  onych/o/path/o/log/y — the study of the 15a.  pros/op/ec/tas/ia — the distention of the diseases of the nails face 24d.  onych/o/phag/ist — one who ingests 15b.  pros/op/o/schis/is — the splitting of the nails face 25a.  thorac/o/metr/y — the measurement of 15c.  pros/op/o/spasm — a spasm of the face the chest 16a.  faci/o/brachi/al — p.t. the arm and face 25b.  thorac/o/path/y — a disease of the chest 16b.  faci/o/cervic/al — p.t. the neck and face

25c.  thorac/o/tom/y — the cutting of the chest

16c.  faci/o/sten/os/is — the narrowing of the face

26a.  steth/o/graph — an instrument for recording something involving the chest

17a.  cervic/odyn/ia — pain in the neck

26b.  steth/o/scop/y — the examination of the chest

Answer Keys: 3.2   187 27a.  mast/a/troph/y — the lack of growth of the breasts

30b.  omphal/o/rrhe/a — the flowing of something from the navel

27b.  mast/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of a breast

31a.  umbil/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of the navel

27c.  mast/o/pex/y — the fixation of a breast

31b.  umbilic/al — p.t. the navel

27d.  mast/ot/ic — p.t. an abnormal condition involving the breasts

32a.  glute/al — p.t. the buttocks 32b.  glut/it/is — the inflammation of the buttocks

28a.  mamm/o/gen — a substance which produces something involving the breast 33a.  gon/arthr/os/is — an abnormal condition 28b.  mamm/o/trop/in — a substance which involving the joint of the knee preferentially affects the breasts 33b.  gon/arthr/o/tom/y — the cutting of the 29a.  thel/e/plast/y — the surgical repairing of a nipple 29b.  thel/o/rrhag/ia — the rapid flowing of something from a nipple

joint of the knee 34a.  pod/edema — the swelling of the foot 34b.  pod/iatr/y — the healing of the feet

30a.  omphal/o/gen/es/is — the production of 35a.  ped/o/path/y — a disease of the foot 35b.  ped/o/meter — an instrument for the navel measuring the foot

3.1 1.  osteostenosis = ossostenosis, osseostenosis 6.  syndesmosolytic = syndesmolytic, desmolytic, ligamentolytic 2.  cleidoschisis = claviculoschisis, clavicischisis, clavischisis 3.  coracoiditis = coracitis 4.  spinogram = rachiogram, rachigram, rhachigram, rhachiogram 5.  spondylotic = vertebrotic

7.  talocalcaneal = astragalocalcaneal 8.  chondrosclerosis = cartilaginosclerosis, cartilagosclerosis 9.  myosectasia = myectasia, musculectasia 10.  tenonectopic = tenectopic, tenontectopic, tendectopic, tendinectopic

3.2 1.  the fixation of the Achilles’ tendon = achillopexy (therapeutic)

6.  a record of the shoulder blade = scapulogram

2.  the breaking of a bone = osteoclasis; osseoclasis; ossoclasis

7.  the measurement of the knee‑cap = patellometry

3.  a cell of the hair = trichocyte

8.  the rupturing of the pelvis = pelviorrhexis; pelvorrhexis

4.  a deficiency of the sacrum = sacropenia 5.  the examination of the calcaneus = calcaneoscopy

9.  the softening of the femur = femoromalacia 10.  the swelling of the skull = craniedema

188  Answer Keys: 3.3

3.3 1.  If trichocyte is a cell of the hair, then a cell of the skin is dermatocyte or dermocyte. 2.  If osseorrhexis is the rupturing of bone, then the rupturing of the skull is craniorrhexis. 3.  If claviplasia is the formation of the collar bone, then the formation of the ulna is ulnoplasia.

8.  If rachopenic is p.t. a deficiency of the spine, then p.t. a deficiency of the spinal cord is myelopenic. 9.  If sternocentetic is p.t. the surgical puncturing of the sternum, then p.t. the surgical puncturing of the vertebra is vertebrocentetic or spondylocentetic.

4.  If acromiotrophy is the growth of the acromion, then the growth of the rib is costotrophy.

10.  If cubitoptosis is the downward displacement of the elbow, then the downward displacement of the hip is coxoptosis.

5.  If spinopathy is a disease of the spine, then a disease of bone is oss(e)opathy or osteopathy.

11.  If pelvitis is the inflammation of the pelvis, then the inflammation of the tarsus is tarsitis.

6.  If cranialgia is pain involving the skull, then pain involving the shoulder blade is scapulalgia.

12.  If desmomegaly is the enlargement of the ligament, then the enlargement of the ischium is ischiomegaly.

13.  If cephalitologist is one who studies the 7.  If humerography is the recording of the inflammation of the head, then one who humerus, then the recording of the radius studies the inflammation of the wrist is is radiography. carpitologist. 14.  If ostein is a substance of bone, then a substance of hair is trichin.

3.4 1.  musculus facialis = the muscle p.t. the face 7.  cartilago sacralis = the cartilage p.t. the sacrum 2.  tendo umbilicalis = the tendon p.t. the navel

8.  tendo astragalaris = the tendon p.t. the talus 3.  cartilago tibialis = the cartilage p.t. the tibia 4.  ligamentum calcaneum = the ligament p.t. 9.  os patellare = the bone p.t. the knee‑cap the calcaneus 5.  os musculare = the bone p.t. the muscle 6.  musculus thoracicus = the muscle p.t. the chest

10.  musculus pubicus = the muscle p.t. the pubis

Answer Keys: 3.6   189

3.5 1.  chondromalacia cystica = the softening of cartilage, p.t. the bladder

6.  arthropathia pulmonalis = a disease of the joint, p.t. a lung

2.  myelitis ependymalis = the inflammation of the spinal cord, p.t. the ependyma

7.  dermatosis cancerosa = an abnormal condition involving the skin, p.t. cancer

3.  dermatitis seborrheica = the inflammation 8.  dermatitis xerotica = the inflammation of the skin, p.t. the flowing of sebum of the skin, p.t. an abnormal condition involving something dry 4.  arthritis pyogenica = the inflammation of the joint, producing pus

9.  ophthalmitis granularis = the inflammation of the eye, p.t. a granule 5.  myelitis hemorrhagica = the inflammation of the spinal cord, p.t. the rapid flowing of blood

3.6 1a.  oste/o/malac/ic — p.t. the softening of the 4e.  crani/o/tom/e — an instrument for cutting bones the skull 1b.  oste/ec/top/ia — the displacement of a bone

5a.  cleid/o/cost/al — p.t. the ribs and collar bone

1c.  oste/o/pen/ic — p.t. a deficiency of bone

5b.  cleid/agr/a — gouty pain in the collar bone

1d.  oste/o/scler/os/is — the hardening of bone

5c.  cleid/o/tom/y — the cutting of the collar bone

1e.  oste/o/metr/y — the measurement of bones

6a.  clav/ic/o/tom/y — the cutting of the collar bone

2a.  osse/in — a substance of the bones

6b.  clav/i/cul/ar — p.t. the collar bone

2b.  osse/ous — p.t. the bones

7a.  acr/om/i/o/scapul/ar — p.t. the shoulder blade involving the acromion 3a.  skelet/o/gen/es/is — the production of the skeleton 7b.  acr/om/i/o/thorac/ic — p.t. the chest and acromion 3b.  skelet/o/log/y — the study of the skeleton 4a.  crani/o/cel/e — the protrusion of something through the skull

8a.  corac/oid/o/acr/om/i/al — p.t. the acromion and coracoid process

4b.  crani/o/clast — something that breaks the 8b.  coraco/clav/i/cul/ar — p.t. the collar bone and coracoid process skull 9a.  humer/o/uln/ar — p.t. the ulna and 4c.  crani/o/scop/y — the examination of the humerus skull 4d.  crani/o/sten/os/is — the narrowing of the skull

9b.  humer/al — p.t. the humerus 10a.  cubit/o/carp/al — p.t. the wrist and elbow

190  Answer Keys: 3.6 10b.  cubit/al/is — p.t. the elbow 11a.  uln/o/radi/al — p.t. the radius and ulna 11b.  uln/ar/is — p.t. the ulna 12a.  radi/o/humer/al — p.t. the humerus and radius 12b.  radi/o/uln/ar — p.t. the ulna and radius 13a.  carp/o/phalang/e/al — p.t. the phalanges and wrist 13b.  carp/o/pt/os/is — the downward displacement of the wrist 14a.  phalang/o/phalang/e/al — p.t. two phalanges 14b.  phalang/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of a phalanx or phalanges 15a.  scapul/o/clav/i/cul/ar — p.t. the collar bone and shoulder blade 15b.  scapul/o/pex/y — the fixation of the shoulder blade 16a.  rachi/o/cent/es/is — the surgical puncturing of the spine 16b.  rach/i/schis/is — the splitting of the spine 16c.  rachi/o/graph — an instrument for recording something involving the spine 17a.  spin/o/gram — a record of the spine 17b.  spin/al/is — p.t. the spine 18a.  myel/alg/ia — pain involving the spinal cord 18b.  myel/o/dys/plas/ia — the defective formation of the spinal cord 18c. myel/o/pleg/ia — the paralysis of something involving the spinal cord 18d. myel/o/rrhag/ia — the rapid flowing of something from the spinal cord 19a. spondyl/arthr/os/is — an abnormal condition involving the joints of the vertebrae

19b. spondyl/os/is — an abnormal condition involving the vertebrae 20a. vertebr/o/chondr/al — p.t. cartilage and the vertebrae 20b. vertebr/o/ili/ac — p.t. the ilium and the vertebrae 20c. vertebr/o/sacr/al — p.t. the sacrum and the vertebrae 21a. cost/o/stern/o/plast/y — the surgical repairing of the sternum and ribs 21b. cost/i/cervic/al — p.t. the neck and ribs 22a. stern/o/scapul/ar — p.t. the shoulder blade and sternum 22b. stern/o/clav/i/cul/ar/is — p.t. the collar bone and sternum 23a. xiph/o/cost/al — p.t. the ribs and xiphoid process 23b. xiph/odyn/ia — pain involving the xiphoid process 24a. cox/arthr/o/path/y — a disease of the joints of the hip 24b. cox/o/tom/y — the cutting of the hip 25a. pelv/i/femor/al — p.t. the femur and pelvis 25b. pelv/i/metr/y — the measurement of the pelvis 26a. ili/o/pelv/ic — p.t. the pelvis and ilium 26b. ili/o/femor/o/plast/y — the surgical repairing of the femur and ilium 27a. ischi/o/pub/ic — p.t. the pubis and ischium 27b. ischi/o/cel/e — the protrusion of something through the ischium 28a. pub/o/coccyg/e/al — p.t. the coccyx and pubis 28b. pub/o/tibi/al — p.t. the tibia and pubis

Answer Keys: 3.6   191 29a. sacr/o/cox/alg/ia — pain in the hip and sacrum

39a. astragal/o/calcane/an — p.t. the calcaneus and talus

29b. sacr/o/ili/it/is — the inflammation of the ilium and sacrum

39b. astragal/o/tibi/al — p.t. the tibia and talus

29c. sacr/o/vertebr/al — p.t. the vertebrae and sacrum

40b. chondr/o/dermat/it/is — the inflammation of the skin and cartilage

30a. coccyg/odyn/ia — pain in the coccyx

40c. chondr/o/dys/troph/y — the defective growth of cartilage

30b. coccyg/e/us — p.t. the coccyx 31a. acetab/ul/ectom/y — the cutting out of the acetabulum

40a. chondr/o/cyt/e — a cell of cartilage

40d. chondr/oid — resembling cartilage

31b. acetab/ul/ar — p.t. the acetabulum

40e. chondr/o/necr/os/is — the death of cartilage

32a. femor/o/cel/e — the protrusion of the femur

40f. chondr/o/path/o/log/y — the study of the diseases of cartilage

32b. femor/o/ili/ac — p.t. the ilium and femur 33a. pat/ell/o/femor/al — p.t. the femur and kneecap

40g. chondr/o/plast/ic — p.t. the formation of cartilage or p.t. the surgical repairing of cartilage

33b. pat/ell/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of the kneecap

41a. cartilag/o/trop/ic — preferentially affecting cartilage

34a. tibi/o/calcane/an — p.t. the calcaneus and 41b. cartilagin/oid — resembling cartilage tibia 42a. my/a/sthen/ic — p.t. the lack of strength of a muscle 34b. tibi/o/tars/al — p.t. the tarsus and tibia 35a. fib/ul/ar — p.t. the fibula 35b. fib/ul/o/calcane/al — p.t. the calcaneus and fibula 36a. tars/o/phalang/e/al — p.t. the phalanges and tarsus 36b. tars/ec/top/ia — the displacement of the tarsus

42b. my/a/troph/y — the lack of growth of a muscle 42c. my/ec/top/ia — the displacement of a muscle 42d. my/o/cyt/o/lys/is — the disintegration of the cells of a muscle 42e. my/o/gen/ic — producing muscle

37a. calcane/o/tibi/al — p.t. the tibia and calcaneus

42f. my/o/phag/e — something which ingests muscle

37b. calcane/odyn/ia — pain in the calcaneus

42g. my/o/spasm/ia — an abnormal condition involving spasms of the muscles

38a. tal/o/fib/ul/ar — p.t. the fibula and talus

43a. mus/cul/ar — p.t. muscles 38b. tal/o/calcane/an — p.t. the calcaneus and 43b. mus/cul/o/trop/ic — preferentially talus affecting muscle

192  Answer Keys: 3.7 44a. tenont/agr/a — gouty pain in a tendon 44b. ten/ost/os/is — the ossification of a tendon 44c. ten/o/tom/iz/e — to cut a tendon

47b. syn/desm/it/is — the inflammation of a ligament 48a. ligament/ous — p.t. a ligament

45a. tendin/ous — p.t. a tendon

48b. ligament/o/pex/y — the fixation of a ligament

45b. tendo calcane/us — a tendon p.t. the calcaneus

49a. apo/neur/os/it/ic — p.t. the inflammation of the aponeurosis

46a. desm/ec/tas/is — the distention of a ligament

49b. apo/neur/ot/ic — p.t. an aponeurosis

46b. desm/o/rrhex/is — the rupturing of a ligament

50a. achill/o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of the Achilles’ tendon

50b. achill/odyn/ia — pain in the Achilles’ tendon 47a. syn/desm/o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of a ligament

3.7 1.  cephal/o/pelv/ic — p.t. the pelvis, involving the head (= p.t. the pelvis of a pregnant woman, involving the head of a fetus)

3.  faci/o/scapul/o/humer/al — p.t. the humerus, shoulder blade and face 4.  acr/o/‑oste/o/lys/is — the disintegration of the bones of the extremities

2.  steth/o/my/os/it/is — the inflammation of the muscles of the chest

3.8 1.  mus/cul/us brachi/o/radi/al/is — (the brachioradial muscle) the muscle p.t. the radius and arm 2.  mus/cul/us coccyg/e/us — (the coccygeal muscle) the muscle p.t. the coccyx 3.  mus/cul/us glut/e/us — (the gluteal muscle) the muscle p.t. the buttocks

4.  mus/cul/us ili/ac/us — (the iliac muscle) the muscle p.t. the ilium 5.  mus/cul/us stern/al/is — (the sternal muscle) the muscle p.t. the sternum 6.  mus/cul/us tars/al/is — (the tarsal muscle) the muscle p.t. the tarsus

4.1 1.  gangliitis = ganglionitis

6.  pupillotomic = coreotomic, corotomic

2.  neuronecrosis = nervinecrosis

7.  corneostomic = keratostomic, kerostomic

3.  neuroglial = glial

8.  ciliarectomy = ciliectomy, cyclectomy

4.  sympathetolysis = sympatholysis, sympathicolysis

9.  lacrimorrheic = dacryorrheic

5.  opticitis = optitis, ophthalmitis, oculitis

10.  choriosclerotic = choroidosclerotic

Answer Keys: 4.3   193

4.2 1.  the adhesion of a ganglion = gangliopexy; ganglionopexy (diagnostic)

5.  the defective formation of a nerve cell = neuronodysplasia

2.  the death of membranes = membranonecrosis

6.  the hardening of the lens = phacosclerosis

7.  the inflammation of the tear sac = 3.  the separation of the adhesions of the iris = dacryocystitis irolysis; iridolysis (therapeutic) 8.  p.t. the production of tears = dacryogenetic; 4.  one who examines the ciliary body = ciliaroscopist; cilioscopist; cycloscopist

lacrimogenetic 9.  p.t. the swelling of the meninges = meningedematous

4.3 1.  If ependymopoiesis is the formation of the ependyma, then the formation of the cerebellum is cerebellopoiesis. 2.  If membranonecrosis is the death of a membrane, then the death of an iris is iridonecrosis or ironecrosis.

8.  If myringostomic is p.t. the making of an opening in the tympanic membrane, then p.t. the making of an opening in the uvea is uveostomic. 9.  If neurasthenia is the lack of strength of nerves, then the lack of strength of the stirrup is stapediasthenia.

3.  If dacryocystospasm is a spasm of the tear sac, then a spasm of nerves is neurospasm 10.  If optectopic is p.t. the displacement of or nervispasm. the eye, then p.t. the displacement of the membrane is membranectopic. 4.  If tympanopathic is p.t. a disease of the middle ear, then p.t. a disease of the sympathetic nerves is sympathetopathic or sympathopathic or sympathicopathic.

11.  If retinopoiesis is the formation of the retina, then the formation of the vagus nerve is vagopoiesis.

5.  If vagotrophic is p.t. the growth of the vagus 12.  If choroidatrophy is the lack of growth of nerve, then p.t. the growth of the hammer the choroid, then the lack of growth of the is malleotrophic. ciliary body is ciliaratrophy or ciliatrophy or cyclatrophy. 6.  If coreopectic is p.t. the fixation of the pupil, then p.t. the fixation of the anvil is incudopectic. 7.  If phacocentetic is p.t. the surgical puncturing of the lens, then p.t. the surgical puncturing of the neuroglia is neurogliocentetic or gliocentetic.

13.  If conjunctivosis is an abnormal condition involving the conjunctiva, then an abnormal condition involving a membrane is membranosis 14.  If canthometric is p.t. the measurement of the canthus, then p.t. the measurement of the lens is phacometric.

194  Answer Keys: 4.4

4.4 1.  nervus retinalis = the nerve p.t. the retina 2.  membrana cerebellaris = the membrane p.t. the cerebellum

6.  membrana thoracica = the membrane p.t. the chest 7.  os otale = the bone p.t. the ear

3.  musculus ocularis = the muscle p.t. the eye 8.  cartilago vertebralis = the cartilage p.t. the vertebra 4.  cartilago pubica = the cartilage p.t. the pubis 5.  tendo pelvicus = the tendon p.t. the pelvis

9.  tendo spinalis = the tendon p.t. the spine 10.  meninx nervosa = the meninx p.t. the nerve

4.5 1.  meningitis sympathica = the inflammation 6.  otorrhea cerebrospinalis = the flowing of of the meninges, p.t. the sympathetic something from the ear, p.t. the spine, nerves involving the cerebrum 2.  chondrosis costalis = an abnormal condition involving the cartilage, p.t. the ribs 3.  arthropathia neurogenosa = a disease of the joints, produced by the nerves 4.  arthritis neuropathica = the inflammation of the joints, p.t. a disease of the nerves 5.  rhinorrhagia membranosa = the rapid flowing of something from the nose, p.t. a membrane

7.  encephalitis myalgica = the inflammation of the brain, p.t. pain in the muscles 8.  myelitis neurooptica = the inflammation of the spinal cord, p.t. the eye, involving the nerves 9.  myelopathia cervicalis spondylotica = a disease of the spinal cord, p.t. the neck and p.t. an abnormal condition involving the vertebrae

4.6 1a.  en/cephal/o/lith — a calculus in the brain 1b. en/cephal/o/myel/o/rad/i/cul/o/neur/ it/is — the inflammation of the nerves, radicles, spinal cord and brain

2b.  cerebr/o/scler/os/is — the hardening of the brain 2c.  cerebr/o/stom/y — the making of an opening in the cerebrum

1c.  en/cephal/o/clast/ic — p.t. the breaking of 3a.  cereb/ell/o/spin/al — p.t. the spine and cerebellum something involving the brain 1d.  en/cephal/it/o/gen/ic — producing the inflammation of the brain 2a.  cerebr/o/cereb/ell/ar — p.t. the cerebellum and the cerebrum

3b.  cereb/ell/ar — p.t. the cerebellum 4a.  membran/o/lys/is — the disintegration of a membrane 4b.  membran/a cost/al/is — a membrane p.t. the ribs

Answer Keys: 4.6  195 4c.  membran/a oss/e/a — a membrane p.t. a bone

10a. neuron/o/phag/e — something which ingests nerve cells

4d.  membran/a pup/ill/ar/is — a membrane p.t. the pupil

10b. neuron/o/trop/ic — preferentially affecting nerve cells

4e.  membran/a mus/cul/os/a — a membrane 11a. gli/o/phag/y — the ingestion of neuroglia p.t. a muscle 11b.  gli/os/is — an abnormal condition 4f.  membran/a tympan/ic/a — a membrane involving the neuroglia p.t. the middle ear 11c.  neur/o/gli/o/cyt/e — a cell of the 5a.  mening/e/o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of the meninges 5b.  mening/o/rrhe/a — the flowing of something from the meninges 5c.  mening/o/en/cephal/o/cel/e — the protrusion of something through the brain and meninges

neuroglia 12a.  rad/i/cul/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of a radicle 12b.  rad/i/cul/o/neur/it/is — the inflammation of the nerves and radicles 13a.  sym/path/ic/o/therap/y — treatment by means of the sympathetic nerves

6a.  ep/en/dym/o/cyt/e — a cell of the ependyma

13b.  sym/path/o/lyt/ic — p.t. the disintegration of the sympathetic nerves

6b.  ep/en/dym/o/path/y — a disease of the ependyma

14a.  vag/o/sym/pathet/ic — p.t. the sympathetic nerves involving the vagus nerve

7a.  neur/a/sthen/ic — p.t. the lack of strength of the nerves 7b.  neur/ec/tas/ia — the distention of something involving a nerve 7c.  neur/o/crani/um — the part of the skull involving the nerves 7d.  neur/o/retin/o/path/y — a disease of the retina involving the nerves

14b.  vag/o/trop/ism — the tendency to preferentially affect the vagus nerve 14c.  vag/o/vag/al — p.t. two parts of the vagus nerve 15a.  ophthalm/o/desm/it/is — the inflammation of the ligaments of the eye

8a.  nerv/us thorac/ic/us — a nerve p.t. the chest

15b.  ophthalm/o/phac/o/meter — an instrument for measuring the lens involving the eye

8b.  nerv/us fib/ul/ar/is — a nerve p.t. the fibula

15c.  ophthalm/en/cephal/on — the part of the brain involving the eye

8c.  nerv/us faci/al/is — a nerve p.t. the face

16a.  opt/ic/s — the science of the eye

8d.  nerv/us ophthalm/ic/us — a nerve p.t. the 16b.  opt/o/my/o/metr/y — the measurement eye of the muscles of the eye 9a.  gangli/o/cyt/e — a cell of a ganglion 9b.  gangli/o/pleg/ic — p.t. the paralysis of a something involving a ganglion

16c.  opt/ic/o/cili/ar/y — p.t. the ciliary body and the eye 17a.  ocul/o/plast/ic — p.t. the surgical repairing of the eye

196  Answer Keys: 4.6 17b.  ocul/o/pup/ill/ar/y — p.t. the pupil and the eye 17c.  ocul/o/metr/o/scop/e — an instrument for examining and measuring the eye 18a.  cor/ec/top/ia — the displacement of the pupil 18b.  cor/e/o/plast/y — the surgical repairing of something involving the pupil 19a.  pup/ill/o/scop/e — an instrument for examining the pupil 19b.  pup/ill/o/pleg/ia — the paralysis of something involving the pupil 19c.  pup/ill/o/graph — an instrument for recording the pupil 20a.  kerat/o/cent/es/is — the surgical puncturing of the cornea

25a.  irid/ec/tom/iz/e — to cut out the iris 25b.  irid/o/kin/et/ic — p.t. the movement of the iris 26a.  cycl/o/kerat/it/is — the inflammation of the cornea and ciliary body 26b.  cycl/o/pleg/ic — p.t. the paralysis of the ciliary body 27a.  cili/o/gen/es/is — the production of the ciliary body 27b.  cili/o/retin/al — p.t. the retina and ciliary body 28a.  chori/o/retin/o/path/y — a disease of the retina and choroid 28b.  chori/o/cycl/it/is — the inflammation of the ciliary body and choroid

29a.  con/junct/iv/o/plast/y — the surgical 20b.  kerat/o/scler/it/is — the inflammation of repairing of the conjunctiva the sclera and cornea 29b. con/junct/iv/o/dacry/o/cyst/o/stom/y 20c.  kerat/o/con/junct/iv/it/is — the — the making of an opening between the inflammation of the conjunctiva and tear sac and the conjunctiva cornea 30a.  canth/al — p.t. the canthus 21a.  corne/o/ir/it/is — the inflammation of the iris and cornea

30b.  canth/o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of the canthus

21b.  corne/o/scler/a — the part of the sclera involving the cornea

31a.  phac/o/lys/is — the disintegration of the lens

22a.  scler/o/kerat/o/ir/it/is — the inflammation of the iris, the cornea and the sclera

31b.  phac/o/scler/os/is — the hardening of the lens

22b.  scler/ec/tom/e — an instrument for cutting out the sclera 23a.  retin/o/graph/y — the recording of the retina 23b.  retin/o/malac/ia — the softening of the retina 24a.  uve/it/ic — p.t. the inflammation of the uvea 24b.  uve/o/scler/it/is — the inflammation of the sclera and uvea

32a.  dacry/o/rrhe/a — the flowing of tears 32b.  dacry/o/sten/os/is — the narrowing of the tear sac 33.  lacrim/o/tom/y — the cutting of the tear sac 34a.  dacry/o/cyst/alg/ia — pain in the tear sac 34b.  dacry/o/cyst/o/cel/e — the protrusion of the tear sac 34c.  dacry/o/cyst/o/pt/os/is — the downward displacement of the tear sac

Answer Keys: 5.3  197 35a.  tympan/ic — p.t. the middle ear 35b.  tympan/o/malle/al — p.t. the hammer and middle ear 36.  malle/ar — p.t. the hammer

38.  sta/ped/i/o/ten/o/tom/y — the cutting of the tendon of the stirrup 39a.  myring/o/dermat/os/is — an abnormal condition involving the skin of the tympanic membrane

37a.  incud/o/malle/al — p.t. the hammer and 39b.  myring/o/sta/ped/i/o/pex/y — the anvil fixation of the stirrup involving the 37b.  incud/o/sta/ped/i/al — p.t. the stirrup tympanic membrane and anvil

5.1 1.  hemorrhagic = hematorrhagic, sanguinorrhagic, sanguorrhagic

6.  phlebectomic = venectomic

2.  plasmatoid = plasmoid

8.  varicoid = cirsoid

3.  aorticostatic = aortostatic

9.  glandulotherapy = adenotherapy

4.  valvotomy = valvulotomy

10.  lienorrhexis = splenorrhexis

7.  angiostomy = vasostomy, vasculostomy

5.  vasotic = vasculotic, angiotic

5.2 1.  a disease of a vein = phlebopathy; venopathy

6.  p.t. the softening of a varix = cirsomalacic; varicomalacic

2.  the flowing of lymph = lymphorrhea; lymphatorrhea

7.  a spasm of the heart = cardiospasm

3.  p.t. the movement of a capillary = capillarokinetic 4.  the lack of growth of the lymph nodes = lymphadenatrophy 5.  the recording of the pulse = sphygmography

8.  the study of the pericardium = pericardiology 9.  a substance of blood = hematin; hemin; sanguinin; sanguin 10.  p.t. the rupturing of an artery = arteriorrhectic

5.3 1.  If rhinencephalon is the part of the brain involving the nose, then the part of the brain involving the ear is otencephalon. 2.  If otocranium is the part of the skull involving the ear, then the part of the skull involving the spine is spinocranium or rachiocranium or rhachiocranium.

3.  If hematencephalon is a collection of blood in the brain, then a collection of blood in the eye is hematoculus or hematophthalmus.

198  Answer Keys: 5.4 4.  If thrombocytopoietic is p.t. the formation of platelets, then p.t. the formation of plasma is plasmatopoietic or plasmopoietic. 5.  If cardismus is a spasm of the heart, then a spasm of a varix is cirsismus or varicismus.

of an opening in the thyroid gland is thyroidostomy or thyrostomy. 12.  If gonadatrophic is p.t. the lack of growth of the gonad, then p.t. the lack of growth of the parotid gland is parotatrophic or parotidatrophic.

13.  If aortiatry is the healing of the aorta, then 6.  If lienosclerotic is p.t. the hardening of the the healing of the spleen is spleniatry or spleen, then p.t. the hardening of the aorta lieniatry. is aorticosclerotic or aortosclerotic. 14.  If varicedema is the swelling of a varix, 7.  If valvulotherapy is treatment by means of a valve, then treatment by means of an artery is arteriotherapy.

then the swelling of a vein is venedema or phlebedema.

15.  If thrombopoiesis is the formation of a 8.  If sanguinorrhea is the flowing of blood, clot, then the formation of a capillary is then the flowing of lymph is lymphorrhea capillaropoiesis. or lymphatorrhea. 16.  If glandulostat is something which stops 9.  If splenoplasty is the surgical repairing of secretions from a gland, then something the spleen, then the surgical repairing of a which stops secretions from the thymus is ventricle is ventriculoplasty. thymostat. 10.  If hematokinesis is the movement of 17.  If thyrin is a substance of the thyroid blood, then the movement of secretions is gland, then a substance of the pineal endocrinokinesis or crinokinesis. gland is pinealin. 11.  If adenostomy is the making of an opening in a gland, then the making

18.  If adenotome is an instrument for cutting a gland, then an instrument for cutting a capillary is capillarotome.

5.4 1.  ganglion sympatheticum = a ganglion p.t. the sympathetic nerves

7.  membrana tympanica = the membrane p.t. the middle ear

2.  os costale = a bone p.t. the ribs

8.  tendo calcaneus = the tendon p.t. the calcaneus

3.  musculus sternothyroideus = the muscle p.t. the thyroid gland and the sternum

9.  ligamentum iliofemorale = the ligament p.t. the femur and the ilium 4.  glandula conjunctivalis = the gland p.t. the conjunctiva 10.  vena ciliaris = the vein p.t. the ciliary body 5.  valvula lymphatica = the valve p.t. lymph 6.  vas sanguineum = a vessel p.t. blood

Answer Keys: 5.6  199

5.5 1.  thrombocytemia hemorrhagica = the abnormal presence of platelets in the blood, p.t. the rapid flowing of blood

6.  meningitis lymphocytica = the inflammation of the meninges, p.t. the cells of the lymph

2.  thrombosis cardiaca = an abnormal condition involving a clot, p.t. the heart 3.  varix arterialis = a varix p.t. an artery

7.  encephalitis hemorrheica = the inflammation of the brain, p.t. the flowing of blood

4.  arteriosclerosis cerebralis = the hardening of an artery, p.t. the cerebrum

8.  cardiomyopathia ventricularis = a disease of the muscles of the heart, p.t. a ventricle

5.  arteritis brachiocephalica = the inflammation of an artery, p.t. the head, involving the arm

9.  thrombophlebitis iliofemoralis = the inflammation of a vein, involving a clot, p.t. the femur and the ilium 10.  myelitis hemorrhagica = the inflammation of the spinal cord, p.t. the rapid flowing of blood

5.6 1a.  hemat/oste/on — a collection of blood in a bone

2a.  sangu/in/o/poi/et/ic — p.t. the formation of blood

1b.  hemat/o/cyt/o/pen/ia — a deficiency of cells of the blood

2b.  sangu/in/e/ous — p.t. the blood

3a.  hem/o/glob/in/em/ia — the abnormal 1c.  hemat/o/myel/it/is — the inflammation of presence of hemoglobin in the blood the spinal cord, involving blood 3b.  hem/o/glob/in/o/lys/is — the 1d.  hemat/o/tympan/um — a collection of blood in the middle ear

disintegration of hemoglobin

1e.  hemat/omphal/o/cel/e — the protrusion of the navel, involving blood

4a.  plasm/a/cyt/os/is — an abnormal condition involving cells involving the plasma

1f.  hem/o/rrha(g/o)/gen/ic — producing the rapid flowing of blood

4b.  plasm/a/therap/y — treatment by means of plasma

1g.  hemat/in/o/gen — a substance which produces a substance of blood

4c.  plasm/o/trop/ic — preferentially affecting plasma

1h.  hem/o/stat — something which stops blood

5a.  thromb/o/gen/ic — producing clots

5b.  thromb/o/kin/et/ic/s — the science of the 1i.  hemat/in/em/ia — the abnormal presence movement of clots of a substance of blood in the blood 5c.  thromb/o/plast/ic — p.t. the formation of 1j.  hem/ophthalm/us — a collection of blood clots in the eye

200  Answer Keys: 5.6 5d.  thromb/ot/ic — p.t. an abnormal condition involving clots

12a.  peri/cardi/o/cent/es/is — the surgical puncturing of the pericardium

6a.  thromb/o/cyt/o/path/ic — p.t. a disease of 12b.  peri/cardi/o/stom/y — the making of an platelets opening in the pericardium 6b.  hem/o/rrhag/ic thromb/o/cyt/hem/ia — 13a.  my/o/card/it/ic — p.t. the inflammation the abnormal presence of platelets in the of the myocardium blood, p.t. the rapid flowing of blood 13b.  my/o/card/os/is — an abnormal 7a. sphygm/o/cardi/o/graph — an instrument condition involving the myocardium for recording the heart involving the 14a.  angi/ec/tat/ic — p.t. the distention of a pulse vessel 7b.  sphygm/o/metr/o/scop/e — an 14b.  angi/ec/top/ia — the displacement of a instrument for examining and measuring vessel the pulse 14c.  angi/o/dys/troph/y — the defective 8a.  cardi/agr/a — gouty pain in the heart growth of a vessel 8b.  cardi/ec/tas/is — the distention of the 14d.  angi/o/spast/ic — p.t. a spasm of a vessel heart 15a.  vas/cul/o/lymphat/ic — p.t. lymph 8c.  cardi/odyn/ia — pain in the heart involving vessels 8d.  cardi/o/peri/card/it/is — the 15b.  vas/o/trop/ic — preferentially affecting inflammation of the pericardium and vessels heart 15c.  vas cap/ill/ar/e — a vessel p.t. capillaries 8e.  cardi/o/pt/os/is — the downward 15d.  vas lymphat/ic/um — a vessel p.t. lymph displacement of the heart 8f.  cardi/o/valv/ul/o/tom/e — an instrument 15e.  vas sangu/in/e/um retin/al/e — a vessel p.t. blood and p.t. the retina for cutting the valves of the heart 9a.  aort/o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of the aorta 9b.  aort/o/scler/os/is — the hardening of the aorta

15f.  vas nerv/os/um — a vessel p.t. nerves

16a.  arteri/o/necr/os/is — the death of an artery

16b.  arteri/o/rrhex/is — the rupturing of an artery 10a.  valv/ul/o/plast/y — the surgical repairing 16c.  arteri/o/ven/ous — p.t. the veins and of a valve arteries 10b.  valv/ul/a lymphat/ic/a — a valve p.t. lymph 10c.  valv/ul/a ven/os/a — a valve p.t. a vein

16d.  arteri/ost/os/is — the ossification of an artery

11a.  ventr/i/cul/o/my/o/tom/y — the cutting of the muscle of a ventricle

16e.  arteri/a brachi/al/is — an artery p.t. the arm

11b.  ventr/i/cul/o/ven/o/stom/y — the making of an opening in a vein of a ventricle

17a.  phleb/o/lith — a calculus in a vein

16f. arteri/a ili/ac/a — an artery p.t. the ilium 17b.  phleb/o/phleb/o/stom/y — the making of an opening between two parts of a vein

Answer Keys: 5.6  201 17c.  phleb/o/thromb/os/is — an abnormal 23b.  lymph/angi/ec/tat/ic — p.t. the distention condition involving clots involving a vein of lymph vessels 18a.  ven/ous — p.t. a vein 18b.  ven/a lien/al/is — a vein p.t. the spleen 18c.  ven/a mus/cul/ar/is — a vein p.t. a muscle 18d. ven/a thorac/o/acr/om/i/al/is — a vein p.t. the acromion and chest 18e. ven/a thyr/oid/e/a — a vein p.t. the thyroid gland 19a.  cap/ill/ar/ec/tas/ia — the distention of a capillary 19b.  lymphat/ic cap/ill/ar/y — a capillary p.t. lymph

24a. lymph/aden/o/cel/e — the protrusion of a lymph node 24b.  dermat/o/path/ic lymph/aden/o/path/y — a disease of the lymph nodes, p.t. a disease of the skin 25a.  splen/em/ia — the abnormal presence of blood in the spleen 25b.  splen/o/lymphat/ic — p.t. the lymph and spleen 25c.  splen/o/myel/o/gen/ous — produced by the bone marrow and spleen 25d.  splen/o/pt/os/is — the downward displacement of the spleen

19c.  cap/ill/ar/o/scop/y — the examination of 25e.  splen/o/rrhag/ia — the rapid flowing of the capillaries something from the spleen 20a. varic/oid — resembling a varix 26a.  lien/al — p.t. the spleen 20b. varix lymphat/ic/us — a varix p.t. lymph 26b.  lien/o/myel/o/malac/ia — the softening 20c.  varic/o/cel/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of of the bone marrow and spleen something involving the protrusion of a 27a.  endo/crin/a/sthen/ic — p.t. the lack of varix strength of secretion 21a.  cirs/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of a varix 27b.  endo/crin/o/therap/y — treatment by 21b.  cirs/ophthalm/ia — an abnormal means of secretions condition involving the eye, involving a 27c.  endo/crin/o/trop/ic — preferentially varix affecting secretion 22a.  lymphat/o/gen/ous — produced by the 27d.  crin/in — a substance of a secretion lymph 28a.  hormon/o/poi/es/is — the formation of 22b.  lymph/o/cyt/hem/ia — the abnormal hormones presence of cells of lymph in the blood 22c.  lymph/o/rrhe/a — the flowing of lymph 22d.  lymph/edema — the swelling of something involving lymph 22e. lymph/o/stas/is — the stopping of something involving lymph 23a.  lymph/angi/o/phleb/it/is — the inflammation of the veins involving lymph vessels

28b.  hormon/o/pex/ic — p.t. the fixation of hormones 29a.  aden/alg/ia — pain in a gland 29b.  aden/o/cyt/e — a cell of a gland 29c.  aden/o/malac/ia — the softening of a gland 29d.  aden/o/megal/y — the enlargement of a gland

202  Answer Keys: 6.1 29e.  aden/o/scler/os/is — the hardening of a gland

34e.  thyr/oid/ism — a condition caused by the malfunction of the thyroid gland

30a.  gland/ul/ous — p.t. a gland

35a.  para/thyr/oid/o/path/y — a disease of the parathyroid glands 30b.  gland/ul/a tympan/ic/a — a gland p.t. the middle ear 35b.  para/thyr/oid/in — a substance of the parathyroid glands 30c.  gland/ul/a lacrim/al/is — a gland p.t. tears 31a.  pine/al/o/cyt/e — a cell of the pineal gland 31b.  pine/al/ism — a condition caused by the malfunction of the pineal gland 32a.  hypo/phys/e/o/trop/ic — preferentially affecting the pituitary gland 32b.  hypo/phys/ec/tom/iz/e — to cut out the pituitary gland

36a.  thym/o/cyt/e — a cell of the thymus 36b.  thym/in — a substance of the thymus 37a.  ad/ren/al/ism — a condition caused by the malfunction of the adrenal glands 37b.  ad/ren/o/kin/et/ic — p.t. the movement of secretions from the adrenal glands 37c.  ad/ren/al/in/o/gen/es/is — the production of a substance of the adrenal glands

33a.  par/ot/it/ic — p.t. the inflammation of the 38a.  supra/ren/o/trop/ic — preferentially parotid gland affecting the adrenal glands 33b.  par/ot/in — a substance of the parotid gland

38b.  supra/ren/o/path/y — a disease of the adrenal glands

34a.  thyr/o/chondr/o/tom/y — the cutting of a cartilage involving the thyroid gland

39a.  insul/in/o/pen/ic — p.t. a deficiency of a substance of the islets of Langerhans

34b.  thyr/o/cardi/ac — p.t. the heart and thyroid gland

39b.  insul/in/em/ia — the abnormal presence of a substance of the islets of Langerhans in the blood

34c. thyr/o/para/thyr/oid/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of the parathyroid and thyroid 40a.  gonad/o/trop/in — a substance which glands preferentially affects the gonads 34d.  thyr/o/lyt/ic — p.t. the disintegration of the thyroid gland

40b.  gonad/ec/tom/iz/e — to cut out the gonads

6.1 1.  nasoplasty = rhinoplasty

5.  epiglottiditic = epiglottitic

2.  pulmonorrheic = pulmorrheic, pneumorrheic, pneumonorrheic

6.  rhinopharyngostenotic = nasopharyngostenotic

3.  bronchoplegia = bronchiplegia

7.  diaphragmoclasis = diaphragmatoclasis, phrenoclasis

4.  spirometric = pneometric

Answer Keys: 6.3   203

6.2 1.  one with a disease of the larynx = laryngopath 2.  p.t. the examination of the nasopharynx or p.t. an instrument for examing the nasopharynx = nasopharyngoscopic; rhinopharyngoscopic

6.  an instrument for recording the diaphragm = phrenograph; diaphragmograph; diaphragmatograph 7.  a spasm of the pleura = pleurospasm; pleurismus

8.  p.t. the stopping of the nose = rhinostatic; 3.  p.t. the inflammation of the mediastinum = nasostatic mediastinitic 9.  p.t. the suturing of the septum = 4.  p.t. the narrowing of the trachea = septorrhaphic tracheostenotic 10.  p.t. the swelling of the lungs = 5.  p.t. the paralysis of the bronchi = bronchoplegic; bronchiplegic

pneumonedematic; pneumedematic; pulmonedematic; pulmedematic

6.3 1.  If rhinoplasty is the surgical repairing of 7.  If pneumopexy is the adhesion of the lung, the nose, then the surgical repairing of the then the adhesion of the mediastinum is trachea is tracheoplasty. mediastinopexy. 2.  If pneumotome is an instrument for cutting the lung, then an instrument for cutting something involving an antrum is antrotome.

8.  If osteoclast is something which breaks a bone, then something which breaks the septum is a septoclast.

9.  If neurosis is an abnormal condition 3.  If rhinopharyngoscopy is the examination involving nerves, then an abnormal of the nasopharynx, then the examination condition involving an antrum is antrosis. of the septum is septoscopy. 10.  If pneumonometry is the measurement 4.  If mediastinostomy is the making of an of the lung, then the measurement opening in the mediastinum, then the of the bronchus is bronchometry or making of an opening in the trachea is bronchimetry. tracheostomy. 11.  If nasorrhaphy is the suturing of the 5.  If laryngopharyngoscopy is the examination of the pharynx, involving the larynx, then the examination of the larynx, involving the pharynx is pharyngolaryngoscopy.

nose, then the suturing of the larynx is laryngorrhaphy. 12.  If phrenopath is one with a disease of the diaphragm, then one with a disease of the pleura is pleuropath.

6.  If pleurostomy is the making of an opening 13.  If pneopathy is a disease of breathing, in the pleura, then the making of an then a disease of the sinuses is sinopathy opening in the neck is trachelostomy or or sinusopathy. cervicostomy.

204  Answer Keys: 6.4 14.  If pharyngostasis is the stopping of the pharynx, then the stopping of the nose is rhinostasis or nasostasis.

16.  If nasostomy is the making of an opening in the nose, then the making of an opening in the pharynx is pharyngostomy.

15.  If hemorrhagia is the rapid flowing of blood, then the rapid flowing of air is pneumatorrhagia.

17.  If epiglottography is the recording of the epiglottis, then the recording of the lung is pneumonography or pneumography or pulmonography or pulmography.

6.4 1.  membranae cerebrales = the membranes p.t. the cerebrum 2.  ganglia sacralia = the ganglia p.t. the sacrum

6.  vasa sanguinea = the vessels p.t. blood 7.  glandulae ciliares = the glands p.t. the ciliary bodies

3.  musculi nasales = the muscles p.t. the nose

8.  ossicula cranialia = the little bones p.t. the skull

4.  ossa facialia = the bones p.t. the face

9.  vena glutealis = the vein p.t. the buttock

5.  vas lymphocapillare = the vessel p.t. the capillaries, involving lymph

10.  ossa tarsalia = the bones p.t. the tarsus

6.5 1.  pneumonia pleuritica = an abnormal condition involving the lungs, p.t. the inflammation of the pleura 2.  conjunctivitis membranosa = the inflammation of the conjunctiva, p.t. the membrane 3.  arthropathia osteopulmonaria = a disease of the joints, p.t. the lungs, involving a bone 4.  dermatitis nasalis = the inflammation of the skin, p.t. the nose

6.  thyroiditis lymphatica = the inflammation of the thyroid gland, p.t. lymph 7.  bronchitis laryngotrachealis = the inflammation of the bronchi, p.t. the trachea, involving the larynx 8.  bronchiectasis capillaris = the distention of the bronchi, p.t. the capillaries 9.  varix lymphaticus = a varix p.t. lymph 10.  pneumonia malleosa = an abnormal condition involving the lungs, p.t. the hammer

5.  cephalalgia pharyngotympanica = pain in the head, p.t. the middle ear, involving the pharynx

6.6 1a.  rhin/o/gen/ous — produced by the nose

1b.  rhin/o/necr/os/is — the death of something involving the nose

Answer Keys: 6.6  205 1c.  rhin/o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of the nose 8b.  epi/glottid/e/an — p.t. the epiglottis 2a.  nas/o/bronch/i/al — p.t. the bronchi and nose

9a.  laryng/o/cent/es/is — the surgical puncturing of the larynx

2b.  nas/o/antr/o/stom/y — the making of an opening in something involving an antrum of the nose

9b.  laryng/o/path/y — a disease of the larynx

3a.  sin/o/bronch/it/is — the inflammation of the bronchi involving the sinuses

9d.  laryng/o/pt/os/is — the downward displacement of the larynx

3b.  sinus/oid — resembling a sinus

10a.  trach/e/alg/ia — pain in the trachea

4a.  sept/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of a septum

10b.  trach/e/o/sten/os/is — the narrowing of the trachea

9c.  laryng/o/plast/y — the surgical repairing of the larynx

4b.  sept/um nas/al/e — a septum p.t. the nose 10c.  trach/e/o/bronch/o/megal/y — the 4c.  sept/um cartilagin/e/um — a septum p.t. enlargement of the bronchi and trachea cartilage 10d.  trach/e/o/stom/iz/e — to make an 5a.  antr/o/nas/al — p.t. the nose and antrum 5b.  antr/um cardi/ac/um — an antrum p.t. the heart

opening in the trachea 11a.  bronch/i/ec/tat/ic — p.t. the distention of the bronchi

5c.  antr/um tympan/ic/um — an antrum p.t. 11b.  bronch/o/pleg/ia — the paralysis of the the middle ear bronchi 6a.  pharyng/ism/us — a spasm of the pharynx

11c.  bronch/o/rrhag/ia — the rapid flowing of something from the bronchi

6b.  pharyng/o/laryng/it/is — the 12a.  pne/umon/edema — the swelling of the inflammation of the larynx and pharynx lung 6c.  pharyng/o/con/junct/iv/it/is — the inflammation of the conjunctiva and pharynx

12b.  pne/umon/em/ia — the abnormal presence of blood in the lungs

12c.  pne/um/o/trop/ism — the tendency to 7a.  rhin/o/pharyng/o/cel/e — the protrusion preferentially affect the lungs of the nasopharynx 12d.  pne/um/o/cephal/on — a collection of 7b.  nas/o/pharyng/e/al — p.t. the air in the head nasopharynx 13a.  pulm/o/aort/ic — p.t. the aorta and 7c.  rhin/o/pharyng/o/lith — a calculus involving the nasopharynx

lungs

13b.  pulmon/ar/y — p.t. the lungs 7d.  nas/o/pharyng/o/laryng/o/scop/e — an 13c.  pulmon/o/log/ist — one who studies instrument for examining the larynx and lungs nasopharynx 14a.  pleur/alg/ic — p.t. pain involving the 8a.  epi/glott/ic — p.t. the epiglottis pleura

206  Answer Keys: 6.7 14b.  pleur/o/rrhe/a — the flowing of something from the pleura

18b.  spir/o/metr/y — the measurement of something involving breathing

14c.  pleur/o/peri/card/it/is — the inflammation of the pericardium and pleura

19a.  pne/o/scop/e — an instrument for examining something involving breathing

15a.  phren/odyn/ia — pain in the diaphragm

19b.  pne/o/graph — an instrument for recording something involving breathing

15b.  phren/o/spasm — a spasm of the diaphragm

20a.  pne/umat/ics — the science of air

16a.  dia/phragmat/o/cel/e — the protrusion of (something through) the diaphragm

20b.  pne/umat/o/therap/y — treatment by means of air

16b.  dia/phragmat/a — (several) diaphragms

20c.  pne/um/o/malac/ia — the softening of the lungs

17a.  medi/ast/in/it/is — the inflammation of the mediastinum 17b.  medi/ast/in/o/scop/ic — p.t. the examination of the mediastinum 18a.  spir/o/graph/y — the recording of something involving breathing

20d.  pne/um/o/hem/o/peri/cardi/um — a collection of blood and air in the pericardium 20e. pne/um/o/en/cephal/o/myel/o/graph/y — the recording of the spinal cord and brain, involving air

6.7 1. sinuses or sinus

8. phalanges

15. septa cartilaginea

2. myringes

9. irides

16. ligamenta tibialia

3. umbilici

10. mallei

17. musculi pubococcygei

4. ulnae

11. septa

18. musculi sternales

5. sterna

12. larynges

19. venae brachiocephalicae

6. astragali

13. nasal sinuses

20. venae cervicales

7. vertebrae

14. sinus nasales

21. arteriae brachiales

6.8 1. bronch/i/ol/us — a little bronchus

5. ven/ul/ae — little veins

2. bronch/i/ol/it/is — the inflammation of the 6. lien/cul/us — a little spleen little bronchi 7. ling/ul/a — a little tongue 3. bronch/i/ol/ec/tas/is — the distention of 8. sept/ul/um — a little septum the little bronchi 9. ped/i/cul/us — a little foot 4. bronch/i/ol/i — little bronchi

Answer Keys: 7.1   207

6.9 bronchiolus vestibulum capsulae lobuli granulae folliculus pedunculi ductulus vesiculae

masculine singular neuter singular feminine plural masculine plural feminine plural masculine singular masculine plural masculine singular feminine plural

bronchiole vestibule capsules lobules granules follicle peduncles ductule vesicles

neuter masculine feminine masc./fem. neuter feminine neuter masculine neuter masc./fem. neuter neuter neuter masc./fem. neuter

colloqui/um alumn/us alumn/a index phenomen/on person/a dat/um calcul/us err/at/um psych/os/is ag/end/um add/end/um corrig/end/um appendix gen/it/al/e

6.10 colloqui/a alumn/i alumn/ae indic/es phenomen/a person/ae dat/a calcul/i err/at/a psych/os/es ag/end/a add/end/a corrig/end/a appendic/es gen/it/al/ia

colloqui/al, colloqui/al/ism

indic/ate phenomen/al person/al calcul/at/ion, calcul/at/or err/or psych/ot/ic ag/ent add/it/ion, add/it/ive in/corrig/ible appendic/it/is x‑o‑gen/es/is, pro/gen/it/or

7.1 1.  mentostomy = geniostomy 2.  stomotic = stomatotic, orotic

6.  staphylostenotic = uvulostenotic, cionostenotic

3.  cheilorrhaphic = labiorrhaphic

7.  odontagra = dentagra

4.  linguopectic = glossopectic

8.  ulitis = gingivitis

5.  uraniscomalacia = uranomalacia, palatomalacia

9.  amelopenia = enamelopenia, adamantopenia, adamantinopenia 10.  pulpoplasia = pulpopoiesis

208  Answer Keys: 7.2

7.2 1.  p.t. a calculus involving a tooth = odontolithic; dentolithic; dentilithic 2.  p.t. a deficiency of dentin = dentinopenic 3.  p.t. the displacement of the periodontium = periodontectopic 4.  p.t. the distention of the gums = ulectatic; gingivectatic 5.  p.t. the enlargement of the palate = palatomegalic; uraniscomegalic; uranomegalic

6.  one who heals gums = uliatrist; gingiviatrist 7.  something which ingests the uvula = staphylophage; uvulophage; cionophage 8.  the protrusion of the periodontium; the protrusion of something through the periodontium = periodontocele 9.  p.t. the softening of the enamel = enamelomalacic; amelomalacic; adamatinomalacic; adamantomalacic 10.  a substance of cementum = cementin

7.3 1.  If glossoscopic is p.t. the examination of the 7.  If maxillomandibula is the part of the lower tongue, then p.t. the examination of the jaw involving the upper jaw, then the part jaw is gnathoscopic. of the upper jaw involving the lower jaw is mandibulomaxilla. 2.  If maxillosclerosis is the hardening of the upper jaw, then the hardening of a tooth is odontosclerosis or dentosclerosis or dentisclerosis.

8.  If linguopath is one with a disease of the tongue, then one with a disease of the cheek is buccopath.

3.  If odontonecrosis is the death of a tooth, 9.  If odontomaxilla is the part of the then the death of something involving the upper jaw involving teeth, then the lower jaw is mandibulonecrosis. part of the lower jaw involving teeth is odontomandibula. 4.  If gingivospasm is a spasm of the gums, then a spasm of the periodontium is periodontospasm.

10.  If adamantinotomy is the cutting of enamel, then the cutting of the jaw is gnathotomy. 5.  If cementoplasty is the surgical repairing of the cementum, then the surgical repairing 11.  If periodontectopia is the displacement of of dentin is dentinoplasty. the periodontium, then the displacement of the tongue is linguectopia or 6.  If amelotropism is the tendency to glossectopia. preferentially affect enamel, then the tendency to preferentially affect the 12.  If ulotomic is p.t. the cutting of the gums, tongue is glossotropism or linguotropism. then p.t. the cutting of the lip is labiotomic or cheilotomic.

Answer Keys: 7.6  209

7.4 1.  ganglia thoracalia = the ganglia p.t. the chest

6.  valvula venosa = the valve p.t. the vein

2.  os nasale = the bone p.t. the nose

8.  musculus buccopharyngeus = the muscle p.t. the pharynx, involving the cheek

3.  glandulae linguales = the glands p.t. the tongue 4.  venae maxillares = the veins p.t. the upper jaw 5.  arteria buccalis = the artery p.t. the cheek

7.  venae pulmonales = the veins p.t. the lungs

9.  os odontoideum = the bone resembling a tooth 10.  sinus maxillaris = the sinus p.t. the upper jaw

7.5 1.  otalgia dentalis = pain in the ear, p.t. the teeth 2.  cheilitis glandularis = the inflammation of the lip, p.t. a gland

6.  chondria calcanea = an abnormal condition involving the cartilage, p.t. the calcaneus

3.  bronchosis hemorrhagica = an abnormal condition involving the bronchi, p.t. the rapid flowing of blood

7.  myelopathia spondylotica cervicalis = a disease of the spinal cord, p.t. an abnormal condition involving the vertebrae and p.t. the neck

4.  pneumonia lymphocytica = an abnormal condition involving the lungs, p.t. cells of lymph

8.  conjunctivitis membranosa = the inflammation of the conjunctiva, p.t. the membrane

5.  arthritis vertebralis = the inflammation of the joints, p.t. the vertebrae

9.  rhinorrhea cerebrospinalis = the flowing of something from the nose, p.t. the spine involving the brain 10.  meningitis optica = the inflammation of the meninges, p.t. the eye

7.6 1a.  gnath/o/log/ic — p.t. the study of the jaws 1b.  gnath/o/stomat/ic/s — the science of the mouth and jaws

3b.  max/ill/o/mand/i/bul/ar — p.t. the lower and upper jaws 4a.  geni/an — p.t. the chin

2a.  max/ill/o/palat/in/e — p.t. the palate and upper jaw

4b.  geni/o/cheil/o/plast/y — the surgical repairing of the lip and chin

2b.  max/ill/ar/y — p.t. the upper jaw

5a.  ment/o/labi/al — p.t. the lip and chin

3a.  mand/i/bul/o/pharyng/e/al — p.t. the pharynx and lower jaw

5b.  ment/o/plast/ic — p.t. the surgical repairing of the chin

210  Answer Keys: 7.6 6a.  stomat/o/malac/ia — the softening of something involving the mouth

14b. uran/o/staphyl/o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of the uvula and palate

6b.  stomat/itid/es — several conditions 15a.  staphyl/o/pt/os/is — the downward involving the inflammation of something displacement of the uvula involving the mouth 15b.  staphyl/o/tom/e — an instrument for 6c.  stomat/o/tom/y — the cutting of a mouth cutting the uvula 7a.  or/o/nas/al — p.t. the nose and mouth 7b.  or/o/pharynx — the part of the pharynx involving the mouth 8a.  cheil/o/phag/ia — the ingestion of something involving the lips 8b.  cheil/o/gnath/o/uran/o/schis/is — the splitting of the palate, jaw and lip 9a.  labi/o/graph — an instrument for recording something involving the lips 9b.  labi/o/ment/al — p.t. the chin and lip

16a.  uv/ul/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of the uvula 16b.  uv/ul/a palat/in/a — the uvula p.t. the palate 17a.  cion/it/is — the inflammation of the uvula 17b.  cion/o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of the uvula 17c.  cion/o/pt/os/is — the downward displacement of the uvula

18a.  odont/alg/ic — p.t. pain in the teeth 10a.  bucc/o/gingiv/al — p.t. the gums and cheek, or p.t. or formed by the buccal and 18b.  odont/o/gen — a substance which gingival walls of a tooth cavity produces teeth 10b. bucc/o/max/ill/ar/y — p.t. the upper jaw and the cheek

18c.  odont/o/lith/ias/is — the abnormal presence of calculi involving teeth

10c. bucc/o/stom/y — the making of an opening in the cheek

19a.  dent/ia — an abnormal condition involving the teeth

11a. gloss/o/trich/ia — an abnormal condition 19b.  dent/i/bucc/al — p.t. the cheeks and involving hair involving the tongue teeth 11b. gloss/o/pt/os/is — the downward displacement of the tongue

20a.  peri/odont/ic/s — the science of the periodontium

12a. lingu/o/gingiv/al — p.t. the gums and tongue, or p.t. or formed by the lingual and gingival walls of a tooth cavity

20b.  peri/odont/o/clas/is — the breaking of the periodontium

12b.  lingu/o/dent/al — p.t. the teeth and tongue

21b.  gingiv/o/stomat/it/is — the inflammation of the mouth involving the gums

13a.  palat/o/gnath/ous — p.t. the jaw and palate

22a.  ul/a/troph/y — the lack of growth of the gums

13b.  palat/o/pleg/ia — the paralysis of the palate

22b.  ul/hem/o/rrhag/ia — the rapid flowing of blood from the gums

14a.  uran/o/schis/is — the splitting of the palate

23a.  dent/in/oid — resembling dentin

21a.  gingiv/o/labi/al — p.t. the lips and gums

Answer Keys: 7.6  211 23b.  dent/in/oste/oid — resembling bone and 30a.  mesi/o/bucc/o/pulp/al — p.t. or formed dentin by the mesial, buccal and pulpal walls of a tooth cavity 24a.  amel/o/gen/ic — producing enamel 24b.  amel/o/gen/in — a substance which produces enamel

30b.  mesi/o/gingiv/al — p.t. or formed by the mesial and gingival walls of a tooth cavity

25a.  a/damant/in/a — p.t. the enamel [Latin]

30c.  mesi/o/‑occlus/o/dist/al — p.t. or formed by the mesial, occlusal and distal surfaces of a tooth

25b.  a/damant/in/e — p.t. the enamel [English] 26a.  pulp/itid/es — several conditions involving the inflammation of the pulp 26b.  pulp/odont/ic/s — the science of the teeth and pulp 27a.  cement/in — a substance of the cementum

31a.  incis/o/labi/al — p.t. or formed by the incisal and labial surfaces of a tooth 31b.  incis/o/lingu/al — p.t. or formed by the incisal and lingual surfaces of a tooth 32.  occlus/o/cervic/al — p.t. the occlusal surface of a tooth, involving the cervix of a tooth

27b.  cement/o/cyt/e — a cell of the cementum 33.  labi/o/cervic/al — p.t. the labial surface of 28a.  axi/o/bucc/o/cervic/al — p.t. or formed the cervix of a tooth by the axial, buccal and cervical walls of a 34a.  labi/o/lingu/al — p.t. the lips and the tooth cavity tongue; or p.t. or formed by the labial and

28b.  axi/o/bucc/o/lingu/al — p.t. or formed by lingual surfaces of a tooth the axial, buccal and lingual surfaces of a 34b.  labi/o/gingiv/al — p.t. or formed by the tooth labial and gingival walls of a tooth cavity 28c.  axi/o/cervic/al — p.t. or formed by the 35a.  bucc/o/axi/o/gingiv/al — p.t. or formed axial and cervical walls of a tooth cavity by the buccal, axial and gingival walls of a 28d.  axi/o/labi/o/lingu/al — p.t. or formed by tooth cavity the axial, labial and lingual surfaces of a 35b.  bucc/o/dist/al — p. t. or formed by the tooth buccal and distal surfaces of a tooth; or 28e. axi/o/lingu/o/cervic/al — p.t. or formed p.t. or formed by the buccal and distal by the axial, lingual and cervical walls of a walls of a tooth cavity tooth cavity 36a.  lingu/o/mesi/al — p.t. or formed by the 29a. dist/o/bucc/o/pulp/al — p.t. or formed by the distal, buccal and pulpal walls of a tooth cavity

lingual and mesial surfaces of a tooth; or p.t. or formed by the lingual and mesial walls of a tooth cavity

29b.  dist/o/pulp/o/lingu/al — p.t. or formed 36b.  lingu/o/‑occlus/al — p.t. or formed by the by the distal, pulpal and lingual walls of a lingual and occlusal surfaces of a tooth tooth cavity 37a.  gingiv/o/lingu/o/axi/al — p.t. or formed 29c.  dist/o/lingu/o/‑occlus/al — p.t. or by the gingival, lingual and axial walls of a formed by the distal, lingual and occlusal tooth cavity surfaces of a tooth

212  Answer Keys: 7.7 37b.  gingiv/o/axi/al — p.t. or formed by the gingival and axial walls of a tooth cavity

38b. pulp/o/mesi/al — p.t. or formed by the pulpal and mesial walls of a tooth cavity

38a.  pulp/o/dist/al — p.t. or formed by the pulpal and distal walls of a tooth cavity

7.7 1.  arteri/a thorac/o/acr/om/i/al/is — an artery p.t. the acromion and chest

5.  mus/cul/us corac/o/brachi/al/is — a muscle p.t. the arm and coracoid process

2.  ven/ae cili/ar/i/ae — the veins p.t. the ciliary body

6.  arteri/ae con/junct/iv/al/es — the arteries p.t. the conjunctiva

3.  ligament/um uln/o/carp/e/um — a ligament p.t. the wrist and ulna

7.  ligament/a sacr/o/ili/ac/a — the ligaments p.t. the ilium and sacrum

4.  nerv/i thorac/ic/i — the nerves p.t. the chest

8.  ligament/a stern/o/peri/cardi/ac/a — the ligaments p.t. the pericardium and sternum

8.1 1.  atloclastic = atlantoclastic

6.  thrombauxis = thrombomegaly

2.  temporomastitis = temporomastoiditis

7.  arteriocirrhosis = arteriosclerosis

3.  petrosopenic = petropenic

8.  ethmectomy = ethmoidectomy

4.  sphenometry = sphenoidometry

9.  phleborrhexis = venorrhexis

5.  zygomatectopic = zygomaticectopic

10.  vasogram = angiogram

8.2 1.  the suture between the frontal and parietal 6.  the ulceration of the cheek = buccelcosis bones = sutura parietofrontalis 7.  the closure of the trachea = tracheocleisis 2.  the ethmoid bone = os ethmoidale 8.  p.t. the hardening of a gland = 3.  the rapid flowing of tears = lacrimorrhagia 4.  p.t. the lacrimal and ethmoid bone = ethmoidolacrimal; ethmolacrimal

adenocirrhotic; glandulocirrhotic 9.  the enlargement of the heart = cardiauxis; cardauxis

5.  p.t. the making of an opening in the occiput 10.  the poisoning of a cell = cytotoxicosis = occipitostomic

8.3 1.  If sphenoptosis is the downward 2.  If occipitorrhexis is the rupturing of the displacement of the sphenoid bone, then occiput, then the rupturing of a suture is the downward displacement of the frontal suturorrhexis. bone is frontoptosis.

Answer Keys: 8.4  213 3.  If atlectasia is the distention of the atlas, then the distention of the styloid process is styloidectasia or stylectasia.

10.  If cerebrotoxin is a substance poisonous to the brain, then a substance poisonous to a nerve is neurotoxin or nervitoxin.

4.  If lacrimectomy is the cutting out of the lacrimal bone, then the cutting out of the temporal bone is temporectomy.

11.  If myelapheresis is the removal of bone marrow, then the removal of hemoglobin is hemoglobinapheresis.

5.  If stylodysplastic is p.t. the defective formation of the styloid process, then p.t. the defective formation of the mastoid process is mastodysplastic or mastoidodysplastic.

12.  If encephalenchysis is the injection of fluid into the brain, then the injection of fluid into the heart is cardienchysis.

6.  If petrosopenia is a deficiency of the petrous part of the temporal bone, then a deficiency of the squamous part of the temporal bone is squamosopenia or squamopenia. 7.  If cephalauxis is the enlargement of the head, then the enlargement of the nose is rhinauxis or nasauxis.

13.  If omphalelcosis is the ulceration of the navel, then the ulceration of the epidermis is epidermatelcosis or epidermelcosis. 14.  If zygomaticoclasis is the breaking of the zygomatic bone, then the breaking of the parietal bone is parietoclasis. 15.  If temporalodynia is pain in something p.t. the temporal bone, then pain in something p.t. the ethmoid bone is ethmoidalodynia or ethmalodynia.

8.  If vasocleisis is the closure of a vessel, then 16.  If frontectomy is the cutting out of the the closure of an artery is arteriocleisis. frontal bone, then the cutting out of the 9.  If stylelcotic is p.t. the ulceration of the atlas is atlectomy or atlantectomy. styloid process, then p.t. the ulceration of the tongue is glosselcotic or linguelcotic.

8.4 1.  arteria stylomastoidea = the artery p.t. the mastoid process and the styloid process 2.  vasa maxillaria = the vessels p.t. the upper jaw

6.  musculus sternocleidomastoideus = the muscle p.t. the mastoid process, the collar bone, and the sternum 7.  os suturale = the bone p.t. a suture

3.  sutura nasomaxillaris = the suture between 8.  sinus sphenoparietalis = the sinus p.t. the the maxilla and the nasal bone parietal bone and the sphenoid bone 4.  labium mandibulare = the lip p.t. the lower 9.  sutura squamomastoidea = the suture jaw between the mastoid process and the squamous part of the temporal bone 5.  ligamentum stylomandibulare = the ligament p.t. the mandible and the styloid 10.  venae ethmoidales = the veins p.t. the process ethmoid bone

214  Answer Keys: 8.5

8.5 1.  arteritis temporalis = the inflammation of the artery, p.t. the temporal bone

5.  arthropathia neuropathica = a disease of the joints, p.t. a disease of the nerves

2.  meningeopathia cerebrospinalis = a disease of the meninges, p.t. the spine and the brain

6.  thrombosis arterialis = an abnormal condition involving a clot, p.t. an artery

3.  sinusitis frontalis = the inflammation of the 7.  bronchitis capillaris = the inflammation of sinus, p.t. the frontal bone the bronchi, p.t. the capillaries 4.  osteopathia myelogenosa = a disease of the bones, produced by the bone marrow

8.6 1a.  front/o/max/ill/ar/y — p.t. the maxilla and 6c.  mast/o/‑oc/cipit/al — p.t. the occiput and the frontal bone mastoid process 1b.  front/o/tempor/al — p.t. the temporal and 7a.  styl/o/hy/oid — p.t. the hyoid bone and frontal bones styloid process 2a.  pariet/o/sphen/oid — p.t. the sphenoid and parietal bones

7b.  styl/o/staphyl/in/e — p.t. the uvula and styloid process

2b.  pariet/o/squam/os/al — p.t. the squamous 8a.  petr/os/it/is — the inflammation of the part of the temporal bone, and to the petrous part of the temporal bone parietal bone 8b.  petr/o/squam/os/al — p.t. the squamous 3a.  oc/cipit/o/cervic/al — p.t. the neck and and petrous parts of the temporal bone occiput 9a.  squam/o/‑oc/cipit/al — p.t. the occiput 3b.  oc/cipit/o/ment/al — p.t. the chin and occiput 4a.  atlant/o/mast/oid — p.t. the mastoid process and the atlas 4b.  membran/a atlant/o/oc/cipit/al/is — the membrane p.t. the occiput and atlas 5a.  tempor/o/faci/al — p.t. the face and a temporal bone

and the squamous part of the temporal bone 9b.  squam/o/zygomat/ic — p.t. the zygomatic bone and the squamous part of the temporal bone 9c.  squam/o/sphen/oid — p.t. the sphenoid bone and the squamous part of the temporal bone

5b.  ligament/um tempor/o/mand/i/bul/ar/e — the ligament p.t. the mandible and temporal bone

10a.  sphen/oid/al — p.t. the sphenoid bone

6a.  mast/oid/e/o/cent/es/is — the surgical puncturing of the mastoid process

10c.  sphen/o/trib/e — an instrument for crushing or rubbing the sphenoid bone

10b.  sphen/o/stom/y — the making of an opening in the sphenoid bone

6b.  mast/oid/o/tympan/ec/tom/y — the 11a.  zygomatic/o/sphen/oid — p.t. the cutting out of the middle ear and mastoid sphenoid and zygomatic bones process

Answer Keys: 8.6  215 11b.  zyg‑(oma‑t)‑/o/max/ill/ar/y — p.t. the maxilla and the zygomatic bone

20a.  pne/umon/o/cirrh/os/is — the hardening of the lungs

12a.  ethm/o/front/al — p.t. the frontal and ethmoid bones

20b.  cardi/o/cirrh/os/is — the hardening of the heart

12b.  ethm/oid/o/lacrim/al — p.t. the lacrimal 21a.  arthr/o/kleis/is — the closure of and ethmoid bones something involving a joint 13.  oss/a lacrim/al/ia — the lacrimal bones 14.  nas/o/front/al — p.t. the frontal and nasal bones 15.  max/ill/o/ethm/oid/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of the ethmoid bone, involving the maxilla

21b.  rhin/o/cleis/is — the closure of something involving the nose 22a.  thym/elc/os/is — the ulceration of the thymus 22b.  omphal/elc/os/is — the ulceration of the navel

16.  tempor/o/mand/i/bul/ar — p.t. the mandible and the temporal bone

23a.  hem/o/glob/in/i/fer/ous — bearing hemoglobin

17a.  sut/ur/ae crani/al/es — the sutures p.t. the skull

23b.  sangu/i/fer/ous — bearing blood

17b. sut/ur/a ethm/oid/o/max/ill/ar/i/a — the suture between the maxilla and the ethmoid bone

24a.  hem/o/tox/ic/os/is — the poisoning of the blood

17c. sut/ur/a squam/os/a — the suture p.t. the squamous part of the temporal bone 17d. sut/ur/a pariet/o/mast/oid/e/a — the suture between the mastoid process and the parietal bone

23c.  oss/i/fer/ous — bearing bones

24b.  cyt/o/tox/ic/os/is — the poisoning of cells 25a.  cyt/o/tox/ic — poisonous to cells 25b.  myel/o/tox/ic — poisonous to the bone marrow

17e. sut/ur/a nas/al/is — a suture p.t. the nasal 26a.  splen/o/tox/in — a substance poisonous to the spleen bone 26b.  thym/o/tox/in — a substance poisonous 17f. sut/ur/a sphen/o/zygomat/ic/a — the to the thymus suture between the zygomatic bone and

27a.  ot/o/tox/ic/ity — the ability to poison the ear 18a.  hy/o/epi/glott/ic — p.t. the epiglottis and 27b.  myel/o/tox/ic/ity — the ability to poison hyoid bone bone marrow 18b.  hy/o/gloss/al — p.t. the tongue and hyoid the sphenoid bone

bone

28a.  hem/ap/her/es/is — the removal of blood

19a.  mast/aux/e — the enlargement of a breast 28b.  thromb/o/cyt/ap/her/es/is — the removal of platelets 19b.  onych/aux/is — the enlargement of the nails

216  Answer Keys: 8.7 29a.  rhin/en/chys/is — the injection of fluid into the nose

31.  oste/o/camp — an instrument for bending bones

29b.  cirs/en/chys/is — the injection of fluid into a varix

32a.  sym/path/ic/o/trips/y — the crushing of the sympathetic nerves

30a.  rachi/o/camps/is — the curvature of the spine

32b.  ul/o/trips/is — the rubbing of the gums

30b.  dactyl/o/camps/odyn/ia — pain involving the curvature of the digits

33.  oste/o/trib/e — an instrument for crushing or rubbing bones

8.7 1.  geni/o/hy/oid — p.t. the hyoid bone and chin 2.  labi/o/log/ic — p.t. the study of lips

9.  oste/o/thromb/o/phleb/it/is — the inflammation of the veins, involving clots, involving a bone

3.  cyt/o/tox/ic/ity — the ability to poison cells

10.  dactyl/edema — the swelling of the digits

4.  ad/ren/o/tox/in — a substance poisonous to the adrenal glands

12.  arthr/o/neur/alg/ia — pain involving the nerves of a joint

5.  thyr/o/trop/in — a substance which preferentially affects the thyroid glands

13.  acr/o/troph/o/neur/os/is — an abnormal condition involving nerves involving the growth/nourishment of the extremities

6.  mening/o/rad/i/cul/ar — p.t. the radicles and meninges 7.  crani/o/mening/o/cel/e — the protrusion of the meninges through the skull

11.  crin/o/gen/ic — producing secretions

14.  oss/i/cul/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of little bones 15.  oss/i/cul/um — a little bone

8.  cleid/o/mast/oid — p.t. the mastoid process and collar bone

8.8 1.  os pne/umat/ic/um — a bone p.t. air [=a bone with air cavities]

8.  mus/cul/us om/o/hy/oid/e/us — the muscle p.t. the hyoid bone and shoulder

2.  os front/al/e — the frontal bone 3.  oss/a crani/al/ia — the bones p.t. the skull

9.  arteri/ae ethm/oid/al/es — the arteries p.t. the ethmoid bone

4.  os tempor/al/e — the temporal bone

10.  gland/ul/a pin/e/al/is — the pineal gland

5.  oss/a cost/al/ia — the bones p.t. the ribs

11.  gland/ul/ae supra/ren/al/es — the adrenal glands

6.  ven/ae brachi/o/cephal/ic/ae — the veins p.t. the head and arms 7.  nerv/i oc/cipit/al/es — the nerves p.t. the occiput

12.  gland/ul/a thyr/oid/e/a — the thyroid gland 13.  gland/ul/ae para/thyr/oid/e/ae — the parathyroid glands

Answer Keys: 9.3  217

9.1 1.  abdominocentesis = ventrocentesis 2.  laparotomy = celiotomy

6.  cecenchysis = typhlenchysis, typhlochysis, cecochysis

3.  visceral = splanchnic

7.  rectorrheic = proctorrheic

4.  stomachodynia = gastralgia, gastrodynia, stomachalgia

8.  sialostasis = ptyalostasis

5.  epiplectomic = omentectomic

10.  coprorrhagic = stercororrhagic, stercorrhagic, fecorrhagic

9.  choliferous = biliferous

9.2 1.  a calculus in the common bile duct = choledocholith 2.  p.t. a deficiency of the saliva = sialopenic; ptyalopenic 3.  p.t. the enlargement of the sigmoid fold = sigmoidauctic 4.  p.t. the flowing of excrement = scatorrheic

6.  p.t. the hardening of chyle = chylocirrhotic 7.  a record of the appendix = appendicogram; appendogram 8.  the science of the intestine = enterics 9.  a substance of saliva = sialin; ptyalin 10.  one who studies bile = cholologist; bilologist

5.  p.t. the production of feces = coprogenetic; stercogenetic; stercorogenetic; fecogenetic

9.3 1.  If anticardiotic is operating against an abnormal condition involving the heart, then operating against an abnormal condition involving the lungs is antipulmonotic or antipulmotic or antipneumonotic or antipneumotic. 2.  If transdermectomic is p.t. the cutting out of something through the skin, then p.t. the cutting out of something through the epiglottis is transepiglottidectomic or transepiglottectomic. 3.  If intervascular is located between vessels, then located between teeth is interdental or interodontal.

4.  If paraspinal is beside the spine, then beside the septum is paraseptal. 5.  If circumrenal is p.t. something around the kidney, then p.t. something around the pleura is circumpleural. 6.  If periphlebic is surrounding the veins, then surrounding the retina is periretinal. 7.  If epihepatotic is p.t. an abnormal condition involving something upon the liver, then p.t. an abnormal condition involving something upon the hammer is epimalleotic. 8.  If peripneumal is surrounding the lungs, then surrounding the radius is periradial.

218  Answer Keys: 9.4 9.  If entodentotic is p.t. an abnormal condition involving something inside the teeth, then p.t. an abnormal condition involving something inside the veins is entovenotic or entophlebotic.

14.  If subrenostomic is p.t. the making of an opening in something below the kidney, then p.t. the making of an opening in something below the cerebellum is subcerebellostomic.

10.  If hypergastromalacic is p.t. the excessive softening of the stomach, then p.t. the excessive softening of the vagus nerve is hypervagomalacic.

15.  If antiencephalitic is against the inflammation of the brain, then against the inflammation of the aorta is antiaortitic or antiaorticitic.

11.  If extralienal is outside the spleen, then outside the vertebrae is extravertebral or extraspondylic.

16.  If paracardiosclerotic is p.t. the hardening of something beside the heart, then p.t. the hardening of something beside the head is paracephalosclerotic.

12.  If pregastric is located before the stomach, then located before the neck is pretrachelic or precervical. 13.  If infrathoracic is below the chest, then below the sclera is infrascleric.

17.  If circumcorneal is around the cornea, then around the arteries is circumarterial. 18.  If postgastric is behind the stomach, then behind a ventricle is postventriculic.

9.4 1.  valvulae anales = the valves p.t. the anus

6.  musculus puboanalis = the muscle p.t. the anus and the pubis

2.  arteria gastroduodenalis = an artery p.t. the duodenum and the stomach 7.  sinus rectales = the sinuses p.t. the rectum 3.  ganglion thoracicum splanchnicum = a ganglion p.t. the chest and p.t. the viscera

8.  venae esophageales = the veins p.t. the esophagus

4.  glandulae esophageae = the glands p.t. the 9.  sutura sphenozygomatica = the suture esophagus between the zygomatic bone and the sphenoid bone 5.  ligamentum hepatocolicum = the ligament p.t. the colon and the liver 10.  ossa parietalia = the parietal bones

9.5 1.  thrombosis mesenterica venosa = an abnormal condition involving a clot, p.t. the mesentery and p.t. the veins

3.  arthritis enteropathica = the inflammation of the joints, p.t. a disease of the (small) intestine

2.  varices gastroesophageales = the varices p.t. the esophagus and the stomach

4.  arteritis visceralis = the inflammation of an artery, p.t. the viscera

Answer Keys: 9.6  219 5.  phlebitis enterocolica lymphocytica = the 7.  sinusitis maxillaris = the inflammation of inflammation of a vein, p.t. the colon and the sinus, p.t. the upper jaw (or p.t. the the small intestine, and p.t. the cells of the maxilla) lymph 8.  bronchostenosis membranosa = the 6.  colomalacia hemorrhagica = the softening narrowing of the bronchi, p.t. a membrane of the colon, p.t. the rapid flowing of the 9.  pneumonia dermalis = an abnormal blood condition involving the lungs, p.t. the skin 10.  mastorrhea glandularis = the flowing of something from the breasts, p.t. a gland

9.6 1a.  celi/ac — p.t. the abdomen 1b.  celi/o/tom/y — the cutting of the abdominal wall 1c.  celi/o/my/o/tom/y — the cutting of a muscle through the abdominal wall 2a.  abdomin/o/cent/es/is — the surgical puncturing of something involving the abdomen

7a.  splanchn/ic/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of something p.t. the viscera 7b.  splanchn/o/log/y — the study of the viscera 8a.  viscer/o/trop/ic — preferentially affecting the viscera 8b.  viscer/o/troph/ic — p.t. the growth/ nourishment of the viscera

2b.  abdomin/o/scop/y — the examination of the abdomen

9a.  es/o/phag/ec/tas/ia — the distention of the esophagus

3a.  ventr/al — p.t. the abdomen

9b.  es/o/phag/o/cel/e — the protrusion of something through the esophagus

3b.  ventr/o/pt/os/is — the downward displacement of the abdomen 4a.  lapar/o/gastr/o/stom/y — the making of an opening in the stomach, through the abdominal wall

10a.  gastr/o/tox/in — a substance poisonous to the stomach

4b.  lapar/o/scop/e — an instrument for examining the abdominal wall

10b.  gastr/o/jejun/o/stom/y — the making of an opening between the jejunum and stomach, or an opening made between the jejunum and stomach

4c.  lapar/o/splen/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of the spleen, through the abdominal wall

10c.  gastr/o/enter/o/col/it/is — the inflammation of the colon, intestine and stomach

5a.  peri/ton/e/alg/ia — pain in the peritoneum

10d.  gastr/aden/it/is — the inflammation of the glands of the stomach

5b.  peri/ton/e/o/peri/cardi/al — p.t. the pericardium and peritoneum

11a.  stomach/ic — p.t. the stomach 11b.  stomach/odyn/ia — pain in the stomach

6a.  mes/enter/i/o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of 12a.  cardi/o/pyl/or/ic — p.t. the pylorus and the mesentery the cardiac part of the stomach 6b.  mes/enter/i/ol/um — a little mesentery

220  Answer Keys: 9.6 12b.  cardi/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of the 20c.  hepat/ic/o/lith/o/trips/y — the crushing cardiac part of the stomach, or the cutting of a calculus involving the hepatic duct out of the heart 20d.  hepat/o/path — one with a disease of the 13a.  pyl/or/o/du/o/den/it/is — the liver inflammation of the duodenum and 20e.  hepat/o/phag/e — something which pylorus ingests something involving the liver 13b.  pyl/or/o/sten/os/is — the narrowing of the pylorus 14a. oment/o/splen/o/pex/y — the fixation of the spleen and omentum

20f.  hepat/ic/o/chol/e/doch/o/stom/y — the making of an opening (or an opening made) between the common bile duct and the hepatic duct

14b.  gastr/o/splen/ic oment/um — the omentum p.t. the spleen and stomach

20g.  hepat/o/tox/ic/ity — the ability to poison the liver

15a.  epi/pl/o/plast/y — the surgical repairing of the omentum

20h.  hepat/o/chol/angi/o/enter/o/stom/y — the making of an opening (or an opening made) between the intestine and the hepatic duct

15b.  epi/pl/o/enter/o/cel/e — the protrusion of the intestine and omentum 16a.  du/o/den/o/hepat/ic — p.t. the liver and duodenum 16b.  du/o/den/o/lys/is — the separation of the adhesions of the duodenum 17a.  chol/e/cyst/o/pt/os/is — the downward displacement of the gallbladder 17b. chol/e/cyst/o/chol/angi/o/gram — a record of the bile ducts and the gallbladder

21a.  pan/creat/ic — p.t. the pancreas 21b.  pan/creat/in — a substance of the pancreas 21c.  pan/creat/o/gen/ous — produced by the pancreas 21d.  pan/creat/o/lith/o/tom/y — the cutting out of a calculus involving the pancreas

21e.  pan/cre/o/therap/y — treatment by means of something involving the pancreas 18a.  chol/e/doch/o/lith — a calculus involving the common bile duct 21f.  pan/creat/ic/o/gastr/o/stom/y — the making of an opening (or an opening 18b.  chol/e/doch/o/lith/o/tom/y — the made) between the stomach and the cutting out of a calculus involving the pancreatic duct common bile duct 19a.  chol/angi/ol/it/is — the inflammation of the little bile ducts 19b.  chol/angi/o/gastr/o/stom/y — the making of an opening (or an opening made) between the stomach and a bile duct

22a.  enter/aden — a gland of the intestine 22b.  enter/o/cleis/is — the closure of the intestine 22c.  enter/o/pt/ot/ic — p.t. the downward displacement of the intestine

20a.  hepat/o/cyt/e — a cell of the liver

22d.  enter/o/kin/in — a substance which moves something involving the intestine

20b.  hepat/o/dys/troph/y — the defective growth of the liver

22e.  enter/o/stas/is — the stopping of something involving the intestine

Answer Keys: 9.6  221 22f.  enter/o/stom/al — p.t. the making of an opening in the intestine, or p.t. an opening made in the intestine 22g.  enter/o/tox/i/gen/ic — producing something poisonous to the intestine

29b.  sigm/oid/o/pex/y — the fixation of the sigmoid fold 30a.  proct/o/rrhe/a — the flowing of something from the anus

30b.  proct/o/spasm — a spasm of the rectum 22h.  enter/o/tox/em/ia — the abnormal 31a.  rect/al — p.t. the rectum presence in the blood of a poison caused 31b.  rect/(o)ischi/ac — p.t. the ischium and by the intestine rectum 23a.  jejun/o/ile/it/is — the inflammation of 32a.  an/o/coccyg/e/al — p.t. the coccyx and the ileum and jejunum anus 23b.  jejun/o/jejun/o/stom/y — the making 32b.  an/o/derm — [note the irregular ending] of an opening (or an opening made) the skin of the anus between two parts of the jejunum 24a.  ile/o/col/it/is — the inflammation of the 33a.  sphincter/ism/us — a spasm of the sphincter colon, involving the ileum

33b.  pharyng/o/es/o/phag/e/al sphincter — the sphincter p.t. the esophagus and 25a.  col/itid/es — several conditions involving pharynx the inflammation of the colon 34a.  sial/o/lith/o/tom/y — the cutting out of a 25b.  col/on/o/rrhag/ia — the rapid flowing of calculus involving saliva something from the colon 34b.  sial/o/phag/y — the ingestion of saliva 25c.  col/o/hepat/o/pex/y — the fixation of the 34c.  sial/ot/ic — p.t. an abnormal condition liver and the colon involving saliva 26a.  cec/o/sigm/oid/o/stom/y — the making 35a.  ptyal/o/cel/e — the protrusion of of an opening (or an opening made) something involving saliva between the sigmoid fold and the cecum 35b.  ptyal/ec/tas/is — the distention of 26b.  cec/o/col/on — the part of the colon something involving saliva involving the cecum 24b.  ile/ac — p.t. the ileum

27a.  typhl/o/sten/os/is — the narrowing of the 36a.  chym/ous — p.t. chyme 36b.  chym/o/rrhe/a — the flowing of chyme cecum 37a.  chyl/o/medi/ast/in/um — a collection of 27b.  typhl/o/lith/ias/is — the abnormal chyle in the mediastinum presence of a calculus in the cecum 28a.  ap/pend/ic/o/cel/e — the protrusion of 37b.  chyl/o/rrhe/a — the flowing of chyle the appendix 37c.  chyl/o/poi/et/ic — p.t. the formation of chyle 28b.  ap/pend/ic/es epi/plo/ic/ae — appendices p.t. the omentum 38a.  chol/e/stat/ic — p.t. the stopping of bile 29a.  sigm/oid/o/scop/e — an instrument for examining the sigmoid fold

38b.  chol/o/hem/o/thorax — a collection of blood and bile in the chest

222  Answer Keys: 9.7 38c.  chol/e/lith/ic — p.t. a calculus involving bile

42b. stercor/al ap/pend/ic/it/is — the inflammation of the appendix, p.t. feces

39a.  bil/in — a substance of bile 39b.  bil/i/ous — p.t. bile

43a.  scat/em/ia — the abnormal presence of excrement in the blood

40a.  copr/o/phag/ous — p.t. the ingestion of feces

43b.  scat/o/log/ic — p.t. the study of excrement

40b.  copr/o/lith — a calculus involving feces

44.  hepat/ic/o/doch/o/tom/y — the cutting of a duct involving the hepatic duct

41a.  fec/al/oid — resembling something p.t. feces 41b.  fec/al/‑o/lith — a calculus involving something p.t. feces 42a.  sterc/o/bil/in/o/gen — a substance which produces a substance of the bile involving feces

45a.  trach/e/o/stom/a — an opening made in the trachea 45b.  pharyng/o/stom/a — an opening made in the pharynx

9.7 1.  irid/o/pleg/ia — the paralysis of the iris 2.  achill/o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of the Achilles’ tendon

11.  chori/o/cel/e — the protrusion of something through the choroid 12.  duct/us ven/os/us — a duct p.t. a vein

3.  splen/ec/tom/iz/e — to cut out the spleen

13.  duct/us par/ot/id/e/us — a duct p.t. the parotid gland 4.  cleid/arthr/it/is — the inflammation of the joints of the collar bone 14.  duct/ul/i bil/i/fer/os/i — little ducts bearing bile 5.  phalang/o/phalang/e/al — p.t. two phalanges

15.  duct/us lymphat/ic/i — ducts p.t. lymph

6.  myel/o/cyt/os/is — an abnormal condition 16.  duct/us arteri/os/us — a duct p.t. an involving the cells of the bone marrow artery 7.  chondr/o/lys/is — the disintegration of cartilage 8.  apo/neur/o/tom/e — an instrument for cutting the aponeurosis 9.  hem/o/cyt/o/meter — an instrument for measuring the cells of the blood 10.  lymph/o/cyt/ot/ic — p.t. an abnormal condition involving cells of lymph

17.  arteri/a col/ic/a — an artery p.t. the colon 18.  arteri/ae gastr/ic/ae — arteries p.t. the stomach 19.  ligament/um hepat/o/du/o/den/al/e — a ligament p.t. the duodenum and liver 20.  ligament/a sacr/o/coccyg/e/a — the ligaments p.t. the coccyx and sacrum

Answer Keys: 10.3  223

10.1 1.  testiculosis = testosis, orchiosis, orchidosis

6.  tubectomic = salpingectomic

2.  vesiculectomy = gonecystectomy, spermatocystectomy

7.  uterodysplasia = metrodysplasia, hysterodysplasia

3.  phallotomic = penotomic

8.  cervicectomy = trachelectomy

4.  ovopenic = oopenic

9.  vaginocleistic = colpocleistic

5.  ovarial = oophoric

10.  episiorrhaphy = vulvorrhaphy, episorrhaphy

10.2 1.  p.t. a disease of the loin = lumbopathic 2.  the disintegration of the spermatozoa = spermatolysis; spermolysis 3.  p.t. the distention of the vagina = colpectatic; vaginectatic 4.  p.t. the enlargement of the ovary = ovariauctic; oophorauctic 5.  p.t. the lack of growth of the renal pelvis = pelvatrophic; pelviatrophic; pyelatrophic 6.  the hardening of the scrotum = oscheocirrhosis; scrotocirrhosis

7.  p.t. the hardening of the uterus = hysterosclerotic; metrosclerotic; uterosclerotic 8.  p.t. the removal of the testes = testiculapheretic; testapheretic; orchiapheretic; orchidapheretic 9.  the suturing of the bladder = vesicorrhaphy; cystorrhaphy; cystidorrhaphy 10.  p.t. the swelling of the kidneys = renedematic; nephredematic

10.3 1.  arteria ovarica = an artery p.t. the ovaries

6.  sinus renalis = the sinus p.t. the kidney

2.  ganglia renalia = the ganglia p.t. the kidney 7.  venae vesicales = the veins p.t. the bladder 3.  glandulae uterinae = the glands p.t. the uterus

8.  arteria iliolumbalis = an artery p.t. the loin and the ilium

4.  ligamentum genitoinguinale = a ligament p.t. the groin and the genitals

9.  ligamentum inguinale = a ligament p.t. the groin

5.  musculi anorectoperineales = the muscles p.t. the perineum, the rectum and the anus

10.  musculus puboprostaticus = the muscle p.t. the prostate and the pubis

224  Answer Keys: 10.4

10.4 1.  arthritis urethritica = the inflammation of the joints, p.t. the inflammation of the urethra

6.  colitis uremica = the inflammation of the colon, p.t. the abnormal presence of blood in the urine

2.  chondromalacia cystica = the softening of the cartilage, p.t. the bladder

7.  ophthalmia hepatica = an abnormal condition involving the eye, p.t. the liver

3.  nephritis arteriosclerotica = the inflammation of the kidney, p.t. the hardening of the arteries

8.  hepatitis cholangiolitica = the inflammation of the liver, p.t. the inflammation of the small bile ducts

4.  nephropathia membranosa = a disease of the kidney, p.t. a membrane

9.  hematuria vesicalis = the abnormal presence of blood in the urine, p.t. the bladder 5.  urethritis glandularis = the inflammation of the urethra, p.t. a gland 10.  nephrosclerosis arteriolaris = the hardening of the kidney, p.t. a small artery

10.5 1a.  lumb/o/col/o/stom/y — the making of an opening (or an opening made) in the colon, through the loins 1b.  lumb/o/inguin/al — p.t. the groin and loins 2a.  inguin/odyn/ia — pain in the groin

5c.  ur/elc/os/is — the ulceration of the urinary tract 5d.  ur/ic/o/lyt/ic — p.t. the disintegration of uric acid 5e.  ur/o/ureter — a collection of urine in the ureter

2b.  inguin/o/abdomin/al — p.t. the abdomen 5f.  ur/o/path/o/gen — a substance which and groin produces a disease of the urinary tract 3a.  peri/ne/o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of the perineum

5g.  ur/ic/o/chol/ia — an abnormal condition involving bile and uric acid

3b.  peri/ne/o/vagin/o/rect/al — p.t. the rectum, vagina and perineum

5h.  ur/o/gen/ous — produced by urine

5a.  ur/edema — the swelling of the urinary tract

7a.  ur/at/ic — p.t. urates

6a.  ur/in/i/fer/ous — bearing urine 4a.  gen/it/o/ur/in/ar/y — p.t. the urinary tract 6b.  hemat/ur/ia — the abnormal presence of and genitals blood in the urine 4b.  gen/it/o/plast/y — the surgical repairing of 6c.  lith/ur/es/is — the passage of calculi in the the genitals urine

5b.  ur/o/nephr/os/is — an abnormal condition involving the kidneys and urine

7b.  ur/at/ur/ia — the abnormal presence of urates in the urine 8a.  ur/e/a/poi/es/is — the formation of urea 8b.  ur/e/a/metr/y — the measurement of urea

Answer Keys: 10.5  225 9a.  ur/o/bil/in/oid/en — a substance resembling urobilin 9b.  ur/o/bil/in/o/gen/em/ia — the abnormal presence of a substance which produces urobilin, in the blood 10a.  nephr/o/pt/os/is — the downward displacement of the kidney 10b.  nephr/o/phag/ias/is — the abnormal presence of something which ingests something involving the kidney 10c.  nephr/ot/o/nephr/it/is — the inflammation of a kidney involving an abnormal condition involving a kidney

14c.  ureter/o/sigm/oid/o/stom/y — the making of an opening (or an opening made) between the sigmoid fold and a ureter 15a.  cyst/a/troph/ia — the lack of growth of the bladder 15b.  cyst/aux/e — the enlargement of the bladder 15c.  cyst/ic/o/lith/o/trips/y — the crushing of a calculus involving the cystic duct 15d.  cyst/o/lith/ias/is — the abnormal presence of a calculus in the bladder

15e.  cyst/ic/o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of the 10d.  nephr/o/scler/os/is — the hardening of a cystic duct kidney 15f.  cyst/o/schis/is — the splitting of the 10e.  nephr/os/es — several abnormal bladder conditions involving the kidneys 16a.  vesic/o/pub/ic — p.t. the pubis and 10f.  nephr/o/tox/ic/ity — the ability to poison bladder the kidneys 16b.  vesic/al hemat/ur/ia — the abnormal 11a.  ren/o/gastr/ic — p.t. the stomach and presence of blood in the urine, p.t. the kidney bladder 11b.  ren/al hemat/ur/ia — the abnormal presence of blood in the urine, p.t. the kidneys 12a.  pyel/ec/tas/is — the distention of the renal pelvis

16c.  vesic/o/uter/in/e — p.t. the uterus and bladder 17a.  urethr/it/is cyst/ic/a — the inflammation of the urethra, p.t. the bladder

17b.  urethr/o/pex/y — the fixation of the 12b.  pyel/o/plast/y — the surgical repairing of urethra the renal pelvis 17c.  urethr/o/tom/e — an instrument for 13a.  pelv/i/ureter/al — p.t. the ureter and cutting the urethra renal pelvis 17d.  urethr/it/is gland/ul/ar/is — the 13b.  pelv/i/o/tom/y — the cutting of the renal inflammation of the urethra, p.t. glands pelvis 18a.  spermat/o/cel/e — the protrusion of 14a.  ureter/o/cel/ec/tom/y — the cutting out something involving spermatozoa of something involving a protrusion of 18b.  spermat/o/path/ia — a disease of the the ureter spermatozoa 14b.  ureter/o/cyst/o/scop/e — an instrument 18c.  sperm/o/phleb/ec/tas/ia — the for examining the bladder and a ureter distention of a vein, involving semen 18d.  spermat/o/rrhe/a — the flowing of semen

226  Answer Keys: 10.5 18e.  sperm/o/tox/in — a substance poisonous 27b.  gon/e/cyst/o/lith — a calculus involving to spermatozoa a seminal vesicle 19a.  semin/in — a substance of semen 19b.  semin/o/log/ist — one who studies semen 20a.  osche/o/lith — a calculus involving the scrotum 20b.  osche/it/is — the inflammation of the scrotum 21a.  inguin/o/scrot/al — p.t. the scrotum and groin 21b.  scrot/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of something involving the scrotum 22a.  orchi/alg/ia — pain in the testes

28a.  spermat/o/cyst/it/is — the inflammation of the seminal vesicles 28b.  spermat/o/cyst/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of the seminal vesicles 29a.  pro/stat/ic/o/vesic/al — p. t. the bladder and something p.t. the prostate 29b.  pro/stat/o/vesic/ul/it/is — the inflammation of the seminal vesicles and prostate 30a.  phall/ic — p.t. the penis 30b.  phall/o/camps/is — the curvature of the penis

22b.  orchid/o/therap/y — treatment by means 31a.  pen/i/schis/is — the splitting of the penis of secretions from the testes 31b.  pen/o/scrot/al — p.t. the scrotum and penis 22c.  orchi/o/cel/e — the protrusion of a testis 23.  test/oid — resembling a testis 24a.  epi/didym/it/is spermat/o/gen/osa — the inflammation of the epididymis, produced by spermatozoa 24b.  epi/didym/o/‑orchid/it/is — the inflammation of the testes and epididymis

32a.  balan/o/rrhag/ia — the rapid flowing of something from the glans penis 32b.  balan/o/plast/y — the surgical repairing of the glans penis 33a.  o/o/cyt/in — a substance of an egg cell 33b.  o/o/gen/et/ic — p.t. the production of eggs

25a.  vas/o/epi/didym/o/stom/y — the making 34a.  ov/al — p.t. an egg of an opening (or an opening made) 34b.  ov/o/therap/y — treatment by means of between the epididymis and vas deferens eggs 25b.  vas/o/vas/o/stom/y — the making of an 35a.  men/o/metr/o/rrhag/ia — the rapid opening (or an opening made) between flowing of something from the uterus, two parts of the vas deferens involving the menses 26a.  vas/o/vesic/ul/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of the seminal vesicles involving the vas deferens 26b.  vesic/ul/o/graph/y — the recording of the seminal vesicles 27a.  gon/e/cyst/o/poi/et/ic — p.t. the formation of the seminal vesicles

35b.  men/o/trop/in/s — substances which preferentially affect menstruation 35c.  em/meni/o/path/y — a disease of something involving menstruation 35d.  stomat/o/men/ia — vicarious menstruation from the mouth 35e.  mast/o/men/ia — vicarious menstruation from the breast

Answer Keys: 10.5  227 36a.  o/o/pho‑r/o/rrhag/ia — the rapid flowing 43a.  cervic/o/vesic/al — p.t. the bladder and of something from the ovaries the cervix (of the uterus) 36b.  o/o/phor/o/gen/ous — produced by the ovaries

43b.  cervic/o/colp/it/is — the inflammation of the vagina and cervix (of the uterus)

37a.  ov/ar/i/o/cent/es/is — the surgical puncturing of an ovary

44a.  trachel/o/plast/y — the surgical repairing of the cervix (of the uterus)

37b.  ov/ar/i/o/rrhex/is — the rupturing of an ovary

44b.  trachel/o/pex/y — the fixation of the cervix (of the uterus)

38a.  salping/it/ic — p.t. the inflammation of the uterine tube

45a.  colp/o/stat — something which stops something involving the vagina

38b.  salping/o/lys/is — the separation of the adhesions of the uterine tube

45b.  colp/o/celi/o/cent/es/is — the surgical puncturing of the abdomen, through the vagina

39a.  tub/o/‑ov/ar/i/an — p.t. the ovaries and uterine tubes 39b.  tub/o/uter/in/e — p.t. the uterus and uterine tubes

46a.  vagin/o/scop/y — the examination of the vagina

40a.  hyster/o/stomat/o/cleis/is — the closure of the mouth of the uterus

46b.  hyster/o/vagin/o/‑enter/o/cel/e — the protrusion of something involving the intestine, vagina and uterus

40b.  hyster/o/metr/y — the measurement of the uterus

47a.  clitorid/aux/e — the enlargement of the clitoris

40c.  hyster/o/trachel/o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of the cervix, involving the uterus

47b.  clitor/i/megal/y — the enlargement of the clitoris

40d.  hyster/o/gram — a record of the uterus 41a.  metr/o/colp/o/cel/e — the protrusion of the vagina, involving the uterus 41b.  metr/o/malac/ia — the softening of the uterus 41c.  metr/o/peri/ton/e/al — p.t. the peritoneum and uterus

48a.  vulv/o/vagin/it/is — the inflammation of the vagina and vulva 48b.  vulv/o/path/y — a disease of the vulva 49a.  episi/o/sten/os/is — the narrowing of the vulva 49b.  episi/o/peri/ne/o/plast/y — the surgical repairing of the perineum and vulva

50a.  nymph/o/hymen/e/al — p.t. the hymen and the nymphae 41d.  metr/o/sten/os/is — the narrowing of the uterus 50b.  nymph/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of the nymphae 41e.  metr/o/phleb/it/is — the inflammation of the veins of the uterus 42a.  uter/in/e — p.t. the uterus

51a.  hymen/o/rrhaph/y — the suturing of the hymen

42b.  uter/o/rect/al — p.t. the rectum and uterus

51b.  hymen/o/tom/y — the cutting of the hymen

228  Answer Keys: 11.1

11.1 1.  urogenic = urinogenic, uronogenic

6.  scrotoptosis = oscheoptosis

2.  renopath = nephropath

7.  psychotic = phrenotic

3.  pyelorrhagia = pelvorrhagia

8.  oneiromania = oneirophilia

4.  cystitic = cystiditic, vesicitic

9.  narcophilic = narcomanic

5.  semenotherapy = seminotherapy, spermatotherapy, spermotherapy

10.  pharmacomaniac = pharmacophiliac

11.2 1.  preferentially affecting the mind = psychotropic; phrenotropic

6.  p.t. the lack of perception of emotions = neuranesthetic

2.  treatment by means of the emotions = neurotherapy

7.  p.t. the recording of ideas = ideographic

3.  one with a morbid fondness for drugs = pharmacophile 4.  a morbid fondness for dreams = oneiromania

8.  p.t. a seizure involving a drug = pharmacoleptic 9.  p.t. sexual gratification involving blood = hematolagnic; hemolagnic; sanguilagnic; sanguinolagnic

5.  p.t. the perception of disease = nosesthetic 10.  the abnormal presence of epilepsy = epileptiasis

11.3 1.  venae uterinae = the veins p.t. the uterus

6.  arteria testicularis = an artery p.t. the testes

2.  sinus urogenitalis = a sinus p.t. the genitals 7.  sutura sphenofrontalis = the suture and the urinary tract between the frontal bone and the sphenoid bone 3.  musculi rectourethrales = the muscles p.t. the urethra and the rectum 4.  ligamentum uteroovaricum = a ligament p.t. the ovaries and the uterus 5.  ganglia lumbalia = the ganglia p.t. the loins

8.  ossa suturalia = the bones p.t. the suture 9.  labium maxillare = the lip p.t. the upper jaw 10.  lingua sphenoidalis = the tongue p.t. the sphenoid bone

11.4 1.  enterocolitis pseudomembranosa = the inflammation of the colon and (small) intestine, p.t. a false membrane 2.  nephritis nephrotoxicotica = the inflammation of the kidney, p.t. the poisoning of the kidney

3.  hepatitis cholestatica = the inflammation of the liver, p.t. the stopping of bile 4.  arthritis enteropathica = the inflammation of the joints, p.t. a disease of the (small) intestine

Answer Keys: 11.5  229 5.  colitis lymphocytica = the inflammation of the colon, p.t. cells of lymph

8.  sinusitis ethmoidea = the inflammation of a sinus, p.t. the ethmoid bone

6.  varices gastricae = varices p.t. the stomach

9.  arteritis umbilicalis = the inflammation of an artery, p.t. the navel

7.  thrombosis mesenterica arterialis = an abnormal condition involving a clot, p.t. the mesentery and p.t. an artery

10.  conjunctivitis hemorrhagica = the inflammation of the conjunctiva, p.t. the rapid flowing of blood

11.5 1a.  psych/alg/ic — p.t. pain involving the mind 6c.  nyct/ur/ia — an abnormal condition involving urine, involving night 1b.  psych/o/leps/y — a seizure involving the mind 1c.  psych/ot/o/lyt/ic — p.t. the disintegration of something involving an abnormal condition involving the mind 1d.  psych/o/path — one with a disease of the mind 1e.  psych/o/somat/ic — p.t. the body, involving the mind 2a.  phren/o/log/y — the study of the mind 2b.  phren/o/pleg/ia — the paralysis of something involving the mind, or the paralysis of the diaphragm 3a.  ide/al — p.t. ideas 3b.  ide/o/phren/ia — an abnormal condition involving the mind and ideas 4a.  neur/a/sthen/ic — p.t. the lack of strength of the nerves 4b.  neur/ot/i/gen/ic — producing an abnormal condition involving the emotions

7a.  hypn/o/therap/y — treatment by means of sleep or hypnotism 7b.  hypn/o/‑odont/ic/s — the science of something involving teeth and hypnotism 8a.  oneir/o/scop/y — the examination of dreams 8b.  oneir/o/phren/ia — an abnormal condition involving the mind, involving dreams 9a.  narc/ot/ic — p.t. an abnormal condition involving stupor 9b.  narc/o/hypn/ia — an abnormal condition involving sleep and stupor 9c.  phleb/o/narc/os/is — an abnormal condition involving stupor and something involving the veins (refers to intravenous drug use) 10a.  pharmac/o/psych/os/is — an abnormal condition involving the mind involving drugs

4c.  neur/o/psych/iatr/ist — one who heals the 10b.  pharmac/o/kin/et/ic/s — the science of mind and emotions the movement of drugs 5a.  erot/o/gen/es/is — the production of 10c.  pharmac/o/endo/crin/o/log/y — the sexual desire study of secretions, involving drugs 5b.  erot/ic — p.t. sexual desire

6a.  nyct/alg/ia — pain involving night

11a.  esth/es/i/o/gen — a substance which produces perception

6b.  nyct/o/phob/ia — a morbid dread of night 11b.  esth/es/i/o/neur/e — a nerve involving perception

230  Answer Keys: 11.5 11c.  esth/es/i/o/neur/os/is — an abnormal 19a.  nyct/o/phob/e — one with a morbid condition involving the nerves, involving dread of night perception 19b.  erot/o/phob/e — one with a morbid 12a.  an/esth/es/i/meter — an instrument for dread of sexual desire measuring loss of perception 20a.  nos/o/phil/ia — a morbid fondness for 12b.  an/esth/et/ic — p.t. loss of perception

disease

12c.  viscer/al an/esth/es/ia — the loss of perception, p.t. the viscera

20b.  nyct/o/phil/ia — a morbid fondness for night

13a.  hallucin/os/is — an abnormal condition involving hallucination

21a.  hem/o/lys/o/phil/ic — having an affinity for something involving the disintegration of the blood

13b.  hallucin/o/gen — a substance which produces hallucinations

21b.  cyt/o/phil/ic — having an affinity for cells

14a.  nos/o/phob/e — one with a morbid dread of disease

22a.  pharmac/o/phil/e — one with a morbid fondness for drugs, or one with a propensity to do something involving 14b.  nos/o/therap/y — treatment by means of drugs something involving a disease 14c.  nos/o/trop/ic — preferentially affecting a 22b.  copr/o/phil/e — one with a morbid fondness for feces disease 23a.  cyt/o/phil — something with an affinity 15a.  hyster/o/erot/ic — p.t. sexual desire, for cells involving hysteria 15b.  hyster/o/epi/lept/o/gen/ic — producing epilepsy and hysteria

23b.  copr/o/phil — something with an affinity for feces

16a.  epi/lept/oid — resembling epilepsy

24a.  copr/o/phil/i/ac — one with a morbid fondness for feces

16b.  epi/lept/o/log/ist — one who studies epilepsy 17a.  pseud/esth/es/ia — the false perception (of something) 17b.  pseud/o/chyl/ous — falsely p.t. chyle 17c.  pseud/o/narc/ot/ic — falsely p.t. an abnormal condition involving stupor 17d.  pseud/o/cephal/o/cel/e — the false protrusion of something through the head 17e.  pseud/o/‑oste/o/malac/ia — the false softening of the bones 18a.  cardi/o/phob/ia — a morbid dread of something involving the heart 18b.  ur/o/phob/ia — a morbid dread of urine

24b.  hem/o/phil/i/ac — one with a propensity to bleed, or having a propensity to bleed 25.  pharmac/o/man/ia — a morbid fondness for drugs 26.  nos/o/man/ic — p.t. a morbid fondness for disease 27.  erot/o/man/i/ac — one with a morbid fondness for something involving sexual desire 28a.  trich/o/esth/es/ia — the perception of something involving hair 28b.  somat/esth/et/ic — p.t. the perception of the body

Answer Keys: 12.2  231 28c.  gloss/o/kin/esth/et/ic — p.t. the perception of the movement of the tongue 29a.  acr/o/an/esth/es/ia — the loss of perception of the extremities 29b.  trich/o/an/esth/es/ia — the loss of perception of something involving the hair

30a.  thym/o/lept/ic — p.t. a seizure of the thymus 30b.  narc/o/leps/y — a seizure involving stupor 31a.  ur/o/lagn/ia — sexual gratification involving urine 31b.  copr/o/lagn/ia — sexual gratification involving feces

11.6 1.  syn/desm/os/is tibi/o/fib/ul/ar/is — a ligament p.t. the fibula and tibia

3.  arteri/ae gastr/ic/ae — arteries p.t. the stomach

2.  dia/phragma ur/o/gen/it/al/e — a diaphragm p.t. the genitals and urinary tract

4.  nerv/i rect/al/es — nerves p.t. the rectum

11.7 1.  syn/desm/os/es tibi/o/fib/ul/ar/es

3.  arteri/a gastr/ic/a

2.  dia/phragmat/a ur/o/gen/it/al/ia

4.  nerv/us rect/al/is

12.1 1.  aerogram = physogram

6.  acetopenic = acidopenic, acetipenic

2.  nucleapheresis = karyapheresis

7.  lactorrhagic = galactorrhagic

3.  fibrogenous = inogenous, inosogenous

8.  saccharemia = glycemia

4.  mucorrheic = mucosorrheic, myxorrheic, blennorrheic

9.  hyalophagy = vitreophagy, vitrophagy 10.  pseudosarcoma = pseudosarconcus

5.  adiposophage = adipophage, lipophage, liparophage, steatophage, pimelophage

12.2 1.  the cutting of a fibre = fibrotomy; inotomy; inosotomy 2.  a deficiency of pus = pyopenia

6.  p.t. the movement of air = aerokinetic 7.  the science of the production of starch = amylogenetics

3.  the defective formation of wax = cerodysplasia; ceruminodysplasia

8.  p.t. a tumor involving tissues = histomatous

4.  p.t. the ingestion of acid = acidophagic; acetophagic; acetiphagic

10.  p.t. a tumor involving the liver = hepatomatous

5.  a morbid fondness for sweat = hidrophilia

9.  a tumor involving flesh = sarconcus

232  Answer Keys: 12.3

12.3 1.  arteria hyaloidea = an artery p.t. something 6.  venae jejunales = the veins p.t. the jejunum resembling glass 7.  sinus prostaticus = a sinus p.t. the prostate 2.  glandula sebacea = a gland p.t. sebum 8.  septum rectovaginale = a septum p.t. the 3.  ligamentum mucosum = a ligament p.t. mucus 4.  membrana vitrea = a membrane p.t. something involving glass 5.  pericardium fibrosa = the pericardium p.t. fibers

vagina and the rectum 9.  musculus pubovesicalis = a muscle p.t. the bladder and the pubis 10.  arteria perinealis = an artery p.t. the perineum

12.4 1.  meningioma lymphomatosum = a tumor involving the meninges, p.t. a tumor involving lymph

7.  pneumonia eosinophilica = an abnormal condition involving the lungs, p.t. something with an affinity for eosin

2.  arthritis pyogenica = the inflammation of the joints, producing pus

8.  dermatitis seborrheica = the inflammation of the skin, p.t. the flowing of sebum

3.  seborrhea adiposa = the flowing of sebum, 9.  lipomatosis renalis = an abnormal p.t. fat condition involving a tumor involving fat, p.t. the kidney 4.  proteinuria hematogenosa = the abnormal presence of protein in the urine, produced 10.  hepatitis pseudoalcoholica = the by the blood inflammation of the liver, falsely p.t. alcohol 5.  chondroma fibromyxoideum = a tumor involving cartilage, resembling mucus and 11.  hemangioma hemosideroticum = a tumor fibers involving the vessels of blood, p.t. an abnormal condition involving iron and 6.  keratosis arsenicalis = an abnormal blood condition involving the cornea, p.t. arsenic

12.5 1a. hydr/o/kin/es/i/therap/y — treatment by means of movement, involving water 1b. hydr/o/mening/o/cel/e — the protrusion of the meninges, involving fluid

2a. hygr/omat/ous — p.t. a tumor involving moisture

2b. hygr/em/o/metr/y — the measurement of the abnormal presence of moisture in the blood 1c. hydr/o/pne/um/o/thorax — a collection of air and fluid in the chest 3a. aer/o/neur/os/is — an abnormal condition involving nerves, involving air

Answer Keys: 12.5  233 3b. aer/o/urethr/o/scop/e — an instrument for 11b. fibr/om/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of a examining the urethra, involving air tumor involving fibers 4a. phys/o/hydr/o/metr/a — a collection of water and gas in the uterus

11c. fibr/ill/o/gen/es/is — the production of little fibers

4b. phys/o/cephal/ia — an abnormal condition 12a. in/o/lith — a calculus involving fibers involving the head and gas 12b. in/o/chondr/it/is — the inflammation of 5a. sarc/omat/os/is — an abnormal condition cartilage, involving fiber involving a tumor involving flesh 12c. in/os/ur/ia — the abnormal presence of 5b. sarc/o/poi/et/ic — p.t. the formation of flesh

something involving fiber in the urine

6a. hist/o/clast/ic — p.t. the breaking of tissue

13a. elast/o/lyt/ic — p.t. the disintegration of elastic tissue

6b. hist/o/hemat/o/gen/ous — produced by blood, involving tissue

13b. elast/o/fibr/oma — a tumor involving fibers and elastic tissue

6c. hist/o/hydr/ia — an abnormal condition involving water, involving tissue

13c. membran/a fibr/o/elast/ic/a — a membrane p.t. elastic tissue and fiber

7a. syn/ov/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of a synovial membrane

14a. muc/o/cel/e — the protrusion of something through a mucous membrane

7b. syn/ov/in — a substance of synovia

14b. muc/o/enter/it/is — the inflammation of the small intestine, involving mucus

7c. membran/a syn/ov/i/al/is — a membrane p.t. synovia 8a. epi/thel/it/is — the inflammation of the epithelium 8b. epi/thel/i/omat/ous — p.t. a tumor involving epithelium

14c. muc/o/sangu/in/e/ous — p.t. blood and mucus 15a. myx/edemat/ous — p.t. the swelling of something, involving mucus

15b. myx/o/cyst/it/is — the inflammation of the bladder, involving mucus 9a. kary/o/klas/is — the breaking of something involving a nucleus 16a. blenn/o/rrhe/al — p.t. the flowing of mucus 9b. kary/o/stas/is — the stopping of something involving a nucleus 9c. kary/o/rrhect/ic — p.t. the rupturing of a nucleus 10a. nucle/o/tox/in — a substance poisonous to nuclei 10b. nucle/ol/ol/us — a little, little nucleus 11a. fibr/o/aden/ia — an abnormal condition involving glands and fiber

16b. ot/o/blenn/o/rrhe/a — the flowing of mucus from the ear 17a. ser/o/gastr/ia — an abnormal condition involving the stomach and serum 17b. ser/o/log/ist — one who studies serum 17c. nephr/o/tox/ic ser/um — serum poisonous to the kidney 17d. ser/o/hepat/it/is — the inflammation of the serous coat of the liver

234  Answer Keys: 12.5 17e. ser/os/itid/es — several conditions involving the inflammation of a serous membrane 18a. lip/o/myx/oma — a tumor involving mucus and fat 18b. lip/ur/ic — p.t. the abnormal presence of fat in the urine

26a. py/en/cephal/us — a collection of pus in the brain 26b. py/o/blenn/o/rrhe/a — the flowing of mucus and pus 26c. py/o/phys/o/metr/a — a collection of gas and pus in the uterus

26d. blephar/o/py/o/rrhe/a — the flowing of 18c. lip/o/phil — something with an affinity for pus from the eyelid fat 27a. lith/o/cyst/o/tom/y — the cutting of the 19a. adip/o/pect/ic — p.t. the fixation of fat 19b. adip/os/alg/ia — pain involving fat 19c. adip/os/is cerebr/al/is — an abnormal condition involving fat, p.t. the brain 20a. steat/os/is — an abnormal condition involving fat

bladder, involving calculi 27b. lith/ur/es/is — the passage of calculi in the urine 28a. kerat/in/o/cyt/e — a cell of a substance of horn (keratin)

20b. steat/omat/os/is — an abnormal condition involving tumors involving fat

28b. acr/o/kerat/os/is — an abnormal condition involving horn, involving the extremities

20c. steat/o/lyt/ic — p.t. the disintegration of fat

29a. alcohol/em/ia — the abnormal presence of alcohol in the blood

21a. pimel/oma — a tumor involving fat

29b. alcoholo/lys/is — the disintegration of alcohol

21b. pimel/ur/ia — the abnormal presence of fat in the urine 22a. seb/o/rrhe/ic — p.t. the flowing of sebum 22b. seb/i/fer/ous — bearing (in the sense of “producing”) sebum 22c. seb/o/trop/ic — preferentially affecting sebum 23a. cer/o/lip/oid — resembling fat and wax 23b. cer/umin/oma — a tumor involving wax 24a. chol/e/ster/o/hydr/o/thorax — a collection of fluid and cholesterol in the chest 24b. chol/e/ster/ol/em/ia — the abnormal presence of cholesterol in the blood

30a. alkal/ot/ic — p.t. an abnormal condition involving alkali 30b. alkal/i/therap/y — treatment by means of alkalis 31a. pur/in/o/meter — an instrument for measuring something involving purine 31b. pur/in/o/lyt/ic — p.t. the disintegration of purine 32a. amyl/oid/os/is — an abnormal condition involving something resembling starch 32b. amyl/o/phag/y — the ingestion of starch 33a. acid/o/phil/ic — having an affinity for acid 33b. acid/o/gen/ic — producing acid

25a. hidr/aden/it/is — the inflammation of a gland, involving sweat

33c. acid/ul/ous — p.t. a little acid (slightly acidic)

25b. hidr/o/cyst/omat/os/is — an abnormal condition involving a tumor involving a cyst involving sweat

34a. acet/i/meter — an instrument for measuring something involving acid

Answer Keys: 12.5  235 34b. acet/o/lys/is — the disintegration of acid

44a. eos/in/o/pen/ia — a deficiency of eosin

35a. ket/o/plas/ia — the formation of ketone bodies 35b. ket/o/gen/ic — producing ketone bodies

44b. eos/in/o/phil/o/poi/et/in — a substance which forms something with an affinity for eosin

36a. galact/o/cel/e — the protrusion of something involving milk

45a. gel/o/meter — an instrument for measuring jelly

36b. galact/o/gen — a substance which produces milk

45b. gelat/in/oid — resembling a substance of jelly

37a. lact/i/fer/ous — bearing milk

46a. zym/ic — p.t. an enzyme

46b. zym/o/scop/e — an instrument for 37b. lact/o/trop/e — something which examining enzymes preferentially affects something involving milk 46c. en/zym/o/path/y — a disease of enzymes 38a. ole/o/therap/y — treatment by means of oil

47a. peps/(in/o/s)tat/in — a substance which stops something involving pepsin

38b. ole/o/peri/ton/e/o/graph/y — the recording of the peritoneum, involving oil

47b. peps/in/i/fer/ous — bearing pepsin 48a. prot/e/o/pect/ic — p.t. the fixation of protein

39a. glyc/o/rrhe/a — the flowing of something 48b. nephr/o/gen/ous prot/e/in/ur/ia — the involving sugar abnormal presence of protein in the 39b. glyc/o/pen/ia — a deficiency of sugar urine, produced by the kidney 40a. sacchar/o/lyt/ic — p.t. the disintegration of sugar

49a. album/in/o/chol/ia — an abnormal condition involving bile and albumin

40b. sacchar/o/galact/o/rrhe/a — the flowing of milk, involving sugar

49b. album/in/ur/o/phob/ia — a morbid dread of the abnormal presence of albumin in the urine

41a. opson/o/cyt/o/phag/ic — p.t. the ingestion of cells, involving opsonin

50a. py/o/gen/ic pepton/ur/ia — the abnormal presence of peptone in the urine, 41b. opsin/o/gen/ous — produced by opsonin producing pus 42a. myel/in/o/gen/y — the production of 50b. hepat/o/gen/ous pepton/ur/ia — the myelin abnormal presence of peptone in the 42b. myel/in/o/tox/ic/ity — the ability to urine, produced by the liver poison myelin 51a. colla/gen/o/gen/ic — producing collagen 43a. porphyr/o/bil/in/o/gen/ur/ia — the 51b. colla/gen/it/is — the inflammation of abnormal presence in the urine of a something involving collagen substance which produces a substance of bile and porphyrin 52a. fibr/in/o/gen/o/pen/ic — p.t. a deficiency of a substance which produces fibrin 43b. porphyr/in/o/path/y — a disease of something involving porphyrin

236  Answer Keys: 12.5 52b. fibr/in/o/phil/ic — having an affinity for fibrin

62b. trich/o/sider/in — a substance of iron, involving hair

53a. tox/em/ic — p.t. the abnormal presence of 63a. lact/o/ferr/in — a substance of iron, poisons in the blood involving milk 53b. tox/i/gen/ic/ity — the ability to produce poisons

63b. ferr/o/therap/y — treatment by means of iron

54a. arsen/ias/is — the abnormal presence of arsenic

64a. stann/os/is — an abnormal condition involving tin

54b. arsen/ic/o/phag/y — the ingestion of arsenic

64b. stann/i/fer/ous — bearing tin

55a. metall/esth/es/ia — the perception of metal 55b. metall/i/fer/ous — bearing metal 56a. crystall/oid — resembling crystal

65a. thi/o/iod/o/therap/y — treatment by means of iodine and sulfur 65b. thi/o/pect/ic — p.t. the fixation of sulfur 66a. kal/em/ia — the abnormal presence of potassium in the blood

56b. crystall/ur/ia — the abnormal presence of 66b. cyt/o/kal/i/pen/ia — a deficiency of crystals in the urine potassium, involving cells 57a. membran/a hyal/oid/e/a — a membrane resembling glass

67a. iod/i/metr/y — the measurement of iodine

57b. hemat/o/gen/ous hyal/in — a substance resembling glass, produced by blood

67b. iod/o/ventr/i/cul/o/graph/y — the recording of a ventricle, involving iodine

57c. hyal/o/phag/y — the ingestion of glass 58a. vitr/e/ous — p.t. glass

68a. a/zot/ur/ic — p.t. the abnormal presence of nitrogen in the urine

58b. vitr(e)/ec/tom/y — the cutting out of something resembling glass

68b. a/zot/o/meter — an instrument for measuring nitrogen

59a. calci/o/kin/et/ic — p.t. the movement of calcium

69a. phos/phat/o/pt/os/is — the downward displacement of phosphates

59b. calc/i/pyel/it/is — the inflammation of the 69b. phos/ph/o/necr/os/is — the death of something, involving phosphorus renal pelvis, involving calcium 70a. hal/o/derm/ia — an abnormal condition 60a. anthrac/ot/ic — p.t. an abnormal involving the skin, involving salt condition involving carbon 60b. anthrac/oid — resembling something involving carbon

70b. hal/o/phil/ic — having an affinity for salts

61b. cupr/em/ia — the abnormal presence of copper in the blood

72a. coni/fibr/os/is — an abnormal condition involving fibers and dust

62a. sider/o/phil/ous — having an affinity for iron

72b. pne/um/o/coni/os/is — an abnormal condition involving dust, involving the lungs

71a. oxy/my/o/hemat/in — a substance of blood, involving muscle and oxygen 61a. cupr/ur/et/ic — p.t. the passage of copper in the urine 71b. oxy/pur/in/e — p.t. purine and oxygen

Answer Keys: 13.3  237 73a. mast/o/chondr/oma — a tumor involving 74a. onc/o/trop/ic — preferentially affecting cartilage, involving the breast tumors 73b. lip/omat/oid — resembling a tumor involving fat 73c. fibr/omat/o/gen/ic — producing a tumor involving fibers

74b. onc/o/cyt/ic — p.t. cells of a tumor 74c. blephar/onc/us — a tumor involving the eyelid

13.1 1.  paraphlebic = paravenous

5.  extracytonecrosis = exocytonecrosis, ectocytonecrosis 2.  epigalactotic = epilactotic, hypergalactotic, hyperlactotic 6.  encraniopathy = endocraniopathy, intracraniopathy, entocraniopathy 3.  suprapyloric = hyperpyloric 4.  hypomembranoplasty = submembranoplasty, inframembranoplasty

7.  prepseudoepileptic = propseudoepileptic 8.  retrosternal = poststernal 9.  protrichophagic = pretrichophagic 10.  interrenal = internephric

13.2 1.  above the liver = suprahepatic 2.  upon the gallbladder = epicholecystic

6.  between the lungs = interpneumonal; interpulmonary

3.  around the kidney = circumrenal; circumnephric

7.  below the skin = hypodermic; hypodermatic

4.  behind the stomach = postgastric; poststomachic

8.  against breathing = antipneic

9.  before the inflammation of the gonads = pregonaditic 5.  below the chest = infrathoracic; infrastethic 10.  surrounding the heart = pericardiac; pericardial

13.3 1.  If circumvasculomalacia is the softening 3.  If epiosteon is something upon a bone, of something around a vessel, then the then something upon the skull is softening of something around the wrist is epicranium. circumcarpomalacia. 4.  If subrenostomy is the making of an 2.  If subrenorrhaphy is the suturing of opening in something below the something below the kidney, then kidney, then the making of an opening the suturing of something below the in something below the hyoid bone is esophagus is subesophagorrhaphy. subhyostomy or subhyoidostomy. 5.  If infracystoschisis is the splitting of something below the bladder, then the

238  Answer Keys: 13.4 splitting of something below a vein is infraphleboschisis or infravenoschisis.

10.  If hypodermatotrophy is the insufficient growth of the skin, then the insufficient growth of the pylorus is hypopylorotrophy.

6.  If epihepatosclerotic is p.t. the hardening of something upon the liver, then p.t. the 11.  If endohepatodystrophy is the defective hardening of something upon the lacrimal growth of something inside the liver, then bone is epilacrimosclerotic. the defective growth of something inside the heart is endocardiodystrophy. 7.  If supracholecystedema is the swelling of something above the gallbladder, then the swelling of something above the renal pelvis is suprapyeledema or suprapelviedema. 8.  If hypercionorrhaphy is the suturing of something above the uvula, then the suturing of something above the jaw is hypergnathorrhaphy. 9.  If paraphrenodynia is pain in something beside the diaphragm, then pain in something beside the frontal bone is parafrontodynia.

12.  If infrabuccometry is the measurement of something below the cheek, then the measurement of something below the chest is infrathoracometry or infrastethometry. 13.  If perityphlotome is an instrument for cutting something surrounding the cecum, then an instrument for cutting something surrounding the gums is pergingivotome or periulotome. 14.  If encostalgia is pain involving something inside a rib, then pain involving something inside the canthus is encanthalgia.

13.4 1.  ligamenta intercarpalia = the ligaments between the (bones of the) wrist

7.  membrana suprapleuralis = the membrane above the pleura

2.  arteria supraduodenalis = an artery above the duodenum

8.  venae paraumbilicales = the veins beside the navel

3.  vena prepylorica = a vein (located) before the pylorus

9.  arteriae retroduodenales = the arteries behind the duodenum

4.  musculi suboccipitales = the muscles below the occiput

10.  vasa intrapulmonaria = the vessels inside the lungs

5.  sutura intermaxillaris = the suture between 11.  ganglion sublinguale = a ganglion below the maxillae the tongue 6.  os epitympanicum = the bone upon the middle ear

13.5 1.  thrombosis intracranialis = an abnormal condition involving a clot inside the skull

2.  osteosarcoma parosteale = a tumor involving flesh and bone, (located) beside the bone

Answer Keys: 13.6   239 3.  dermatitis periocularis = the inflammation 8.  ophthalmoplegia supranuclearis = the of the skin, surrounding the eyes paralysis of the eye, p.t. something above the nucleus 4.  nephropathia hypokalemica = a disease of the kidneys, p.t. the abnormal presence of 9.  chondroma periosteale = a tumor involving insufficient potassium in the blood cartilage, surrounding a bone 5.  chondrodystrophia hyperplastica = the defective growth of the cartilage, p.t. the excessive formation of something 6.  hepatitis hypoxica = the inflammation of the liver, p.t. insufficient oxygen 7.  hypoxia histotoxica = an abnormal condition involving insufficient oxygen, poisonous to the tissue

10.  angiomatosis encephalofacialis = an abnormal condition involving a tumor involving vessels, p.t. the face, and involving the brain 11.  pericarditis postpericardiotomica = the inflammation of the pericardium, p.t. the cutting of something behind the pericardium (or after the cutting of the pericardium)

13.6 1a.  hyper/album/in/em/ia — the abnormal presence of excessive albumin in the blood 1b.  hyper/men/o/rrhe/a — the excessive flowing of the menses 1c.  hyper/trich/os/is — an abnormal condition involving excessive hair 1d.  hyper/nephr/it/is — the inflammation of something above the kidney

4c.  nerv/us ili/o/hypo/gastr/ic/us — a nerve below the stomach, involving the ilium 5a.  sub/end/o/cardi/al — below something inside the heart 5b.  sub/gloss/it/is — the inflammation of something below the tongue 5c.  sub/gingiv/al — below the gums 6a.  inf/r/a/mand/i/bul/ar — below the lower jaw

1e.  hyper/pne/ic — p.t. excessive breathing

6b.  inf/r/a/psych/ic — below something 2a.  epi/men/o/rrhag/ia — the rapid flowing of involving the mind excessive menses 7a.  per/i/col/ic — surrounding the colon 2b.  epi/crani/um — something upon the skull 7b.  per/i/oste/o/tom/e — an instrument for 2c.  epi/cardi/o/lys/is — the separation of the cutting something surrounding a bone adhesions of something upon the heart 8a.  circ/um/corne/al — around the cornea 3a.  sup/r/a‑/acr/om/i/al — above the acromion 3b.  sup/r/a/hepat/ic — above the liver 4a.  hypo/stom/ia — an abnormal condition involving something insufficient involving the mouth 4b.  hypo/cyt/os/is — an abnormal condition involving insufficient cells

8b.  circ/um/or/al — around the mouth 9a.  para‑/en/cephal/on — something beside the brain 9b.  para‑/odont/al — beside the teeth 9c.  para/typhl/it/is — the inflammation of something beside the cecum 10a.  ex/tr/a/cyst/ic — outside the bladder

240  Answer Keys: 13.6 10b.  ex/tr/a/per/i/oste/al — outside something surrounding a bone

18a.  pr/e/cirrh/ot/ic — (occurring) before the hardening of something

11a.  ex/o/crani/opt/o/gen/ic — producing something involving the eye and something outside the skull

18b.  pr/e/vesic/al — situated before the bladder

11b.  ex/enter/it/is — the inflammation of something outside the intestine 11c.  ex/ost/os/is cartilagin/e/a — the ossification of something outside something, p.t. cartilage

18c.  pr/e/dent/in — something (occurring) before dentin 19a.  pr/o/myel/o/cyt/e — a cell of something (occurring) before bone marrow 19b.  pr/o/chondr/al — (occurring) before cartilage

12a.  ex/o/path/y — a disease of something outside something

19c.  pr/o/per/i/ton/e/al — (situated) before the peritoneum

12b.  ex/o/thym/o/pex/y — the fixation of something outside the thymus

20a.  re/tr/o/rect/al — behind the rectum

13a.  ect/o/scop/y — the examination of something outside something

20b.  re/tr/o/sin/us — something behind a sinus

13b.  ect/ent/al — inside and outside

21a.  post/en/cephal/it/ic — after the inflammation of the brain

14a.  end/o/cardi/um — something inside the heart

21b.  post/hepat/ic — behind the liver

14b.  end/o/cardi/o/path/y — a disease of something inside the heart

22a.  trans/ventr/i/cul/ar — through a ventricle 22b.  trans/epi/thel/i/al — through the epithelium

14c.  end/epi/derm/is — something inside the 23a.  in/ter/labi/al — between the lips epidermis 23b.  in/ter/femor/al — between the femora 15a.  en/celi/alg/ia — pain involving something inside the abdomen 15b.  en/canth/is — something inside the canthus

23c.  in/ter/ureter/ic — between the ureters

24a.  syn/chol/ia — an abnormal condition involving something (occurring) with bile

24b.  syn/dactyl/ia — an abnormal condition involving the digits (being joined) 16b.  in/tr/a/ser/ous — inside serum (referring together to a chemical) 16a.  in/tr/a/cost/al — inside a rib

17a.  ent/o/cel/e — the protrusion of something inside something

24c.  syn/oste/o/log/y — the study of bones (being joined) together

25a.  ant/i/chol/e/ster/em/ic — against the 17b.  ent/o‑/ophthalm/ia — an abnormal abnormal presence of cholesterol in the condition involving something inside the blood eye 25b.  ant/i/hem/o/rrhag/ic — against the rapid 17c.  ent/o/retin/a — something inside the flowing of blood retina 25c.  ant/i/sial/ic — against saliva

Appendix SAMPLE EXAMS

242  Appendix: Sample Exams

SAMPLE EXAM — MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. hydroectatometer a. an instrument for measuring the displacement of water
 b. the measurement of the displacement of water 
 c. an instrument for measuring the distention of something involving water 
 d. the measurement of the distention of something involving water 
 e. an instrument for measuring the displacement of something involving water 
 2. peritransthoracal a. something beside something through the chest 
 b. surrounding something through the chest 
 c. surrounding and through the chest 
 d. something surrounding something through the chest 
 e. beside something surrounding the chest 
 3. laparohalocinesis 
 a. the movement of salt, involving the abdominal wall b. the movement of salt, involving the abdomen c. an abnormal condition involving the movement of salt in the abdomen d. an abnormal condition involving the movement of salt in the abdominal wall e. the movement of salt in the abdomen 4. gnathoclastiastic a. p.t. the healing of the breaking of the jaw 
 b. p.t. an abnormal condition involving something that breaks the jaw 
 c. p.t. the healing of something involving the breaking of the jaw 
 d. p.t. the abnormal presence of something involving the breaking of the jaw 
 e. p.t. an abnormal condition involving the breaking of the jaw 
 5. transthoracotic a. through an abnormal condition of the chest 
 b. through the chest and an abnormal condition 
 c. p.t. an abnormal condition through the chest
 d. p.t. an abnormal condition involving something through the chest 
 e. through an abnormal condition involving the chest 6. phrenomediastinopneopenia a. a deficiency of breathing, involving a substance of the mediastinum and the mind 
 b. a deficiency of air, involving a substance of the mediastinum and the diaphragm 
 c. a deficiency of air, involving the mediastinum and the diaphragm 
 d. a deficiency of breathing, involving the mediastinum and the mind e. a deficiency of breathing, involving the mediastinum and the diaphragm 


2018 Multiple Choice  243 7. arthraledema neuranesthetica a. the loss of perception of something p.t. the nerves, p.t. the swelling of the joints 
 b. the swelling of the joints, p.t. the loss of perception of the nerves c. the swelling of something p.t. the joints, p.t. the loss of perception of the nerves 
 d. the loss of perception of the nerves, p.t. the swelling of something p.t. the joints 
 e. the loss of perception of the nerves, p.t. the swelling of the joints 
 8. hepatocholangioenterostomy a. the making of an opening between the bile duct and liver 
 b. the making of an opening in the bile duct, involving the liver 
 c. to make an opening through the intestine and the hepatic duct 
 d. the making of an opening through the bile duct and liver 
 e. the making of an opening between the intestine and the hepatic duct 
 9. prephlebitis a. the inflammation of something in front of the diaphragm 
 b. the inflammation of the veins in front of something 
 c. something before the inflammation of the diaphragm 
 d. something before the inflammation of the veins e. before the inflammation of the diaphragm 
 10. hypermenorrhea a. the excessive flowing of something from the chin 
 b. the excessive flowing of the menses 
 c. the flowing of something from something above the chin 
 d. the flowing of something above the menses 
 e. the excessive flowing of something from above the menses 11. coracoidoplasticist a. one who studies the surgical repairing of something resembling coracoid process 
 b. one who specializes in the science of the surgical repairing of the coracoid process 
 c. one who specializes in the science of the surgical repairing of something resembling the coracoid process 
 d. one who specializes in the surgical repairing of the coracoid process
 e. one who studies the surgical repairing of the coracoid process 
 12. infracardiomyosotomy a. inside the cutting of a muscle of the heart b. the cutting of something p.t. muscle of something below the heart 
 c. the cutting of the muscle of something below the heart 
 d. inside the cutting of a muscle below the heart 
 e. the cutting of a muscle inside the heart


244  Appendix: Sample Exams 13. hyperhyalemia a. the abnormal presence of excessive glass above the blood 
 b. above the abnormal presence of excessive amounts of the hyoid bone in the blood 
 c. the abnormal presence of glass above the blood 
 d. the abnormal presence of an excessive amount of something resembling glass in the blood 
 e. the abnormal presence of excessive amounts of the hyoid bone in the blood 
 14. costaloptotiasis a. the abnormal presence of an abnormal condition involving the eyes and the ribs 
 b. the abnormal presence of the downward displacement of the ribs 
 c. the abnormal presence of an abnormal condition involving the eyes and something involving the ribs 
 d. the abnormal presence of something involving the downward displacement of the ribs 
 e. the abnormal presence of the downward displacement of something p.t. the ribs 
 15. hy(o)iatrotropin a. a substance that preferentially affects the healing of the hyoid bone 
 b. a substance that grows/nourishes something involving the healing of the hyoid bone 
 c. a substance that grows/nourishes something involving the healing of something resembling glass d. a substance of the growth/nourishment of something that heals the hyoid bone 
 e. a substance that preferentially affects the healing of something resembling glass 
 16. antrosclerotolytic a. p.t. the disintegration of something involving the hardening of an antrum 
 b. p.t. the separation of adhesions of the hardening of something involving an antrum 
 c. p.t. the disintegration of something p.t. an abnormal condition involving the sclera and involving an antrum d. p.t. the separation of adhesions of the hardening of an antrum e. p.t. the disintegration of something involving the hardening of something involving an antrum 17. hysterostomatocleisis a. the closure of the mouth of the uterus b. the breaking of the mouth of the uterus 
 c. the breaking of something involving the stomach, involving the uterus d. the closure of the stomach, involving the uterus e. the breaking of something involving the mouth of the uterus 18. extrastaphylostomosis a. an abnormal condition involving the cutting of something outside bone fat 
 b. an abnormal condition involving the mouth, involving something outside the uvula 
 c. an abnormal condition involving the cutting of bone, involving something outside fat 
 d. outside an abnormal condition involving the mouth, involving the uvula 
 e. an abnormal condition involving the cutting of bone, involving something outside the uvula 


2018 Multiple Choice  245 19. rhachiodysplastic myelodynia a. pain involving the bone marrow, p.t. the defective formation of the vertebra 
 b. pain in the limbs, p.t. the defective formation of the spine c. pain in the spinal cord, p.t. the defective formation of the spine 
 d. pain involving the spinal cord, p.t. the defective formation of the vertebra 
 e. pain involving the limbs, p.t. the defective formation of the spine 20. pneumonomembranae a. the membranes of the lung 
 b. the part of the lung involving a membrane 
 c. a membrane and a lung 
 d. a collection of air in the membranes e. a membrane of the lung 
 21. carpalomalacectomy a. the cutting of the soft part of the wrist 
 b. the cutting out of the soft part of the wrist 
 c. the cutting out of something involving the softening of the wrist 
 d. the cutting out of something involving the softening of something p.t. the wrist 
 e. the cutting out of something involving the soft part of the wrist 
 22. parainguinoschisis a. the splitting of something around the loin b. the splitting of something beside a substance of the groin
 c. the splitting of something beside the groin 
 d. the splitting of something around the groin
 e. the splitting of something beside a substance of the loin 
 23. pseudocholecystitis a. falsely inflaming the common bile duct b. a false inflammation of the common bile duct 
 c. falsely inflaming the gallbladder 
 d. a false inflammation of the gallbladder 
 e. a false inflammation of the bile ducts 
 24. blepharalomyosogenous a. producing something p.t. the muscles of the eyelids 
 b. produced by the muscles of the eyelids 
 c. produced by something p.t. the muscles of the eyelids 
 d. produced by the muscles of something p.t. the eyelids 
 e. p.t. something the produces the muscles of the eyelids 


246  Appendix: Sample Exams 25. laparocardiostomy a. the making of an opening in the cardiac part of the stomach through the abdominal wall 
 b. the cutting of an opening in the cardiac part of the stomach through the abdominal wall
 c. the making of an opening in the abdominal wall, involving the heart d. the making of an opening in the abdominal wall, involving the cardiac part of the stomach
 e. the cutting into the heart through the abdominal wall
 26. spondylomyogenic a. produced by the muscles of the spine 
 b. producing the muscles of the vertebrae 
 c. p.t. a substance that produces the muscles of the spine 
 d. producing the muscles of the spine 
 e. produced by the muscles of the vertebrae 
 27. cartilaginostotogram a. a record of the ossification of cartilage 
 b. a record of an abnormal condition involving bone and a substance of cartilage c. a record of an abnormal condition involving bone and cartilage
 d. a record of the ossification of a substance of cartilage 
 e. a record of an abnormal condition involving ossification of a substance of cartilage 
 28. endonephroptosis a. an abnormal condition involving the eye, involving something inside the (optic) nerve 
 b. an abnormal condition involving something inside the eye, p.t. the nerves 
 c. an abnormal condition involving the downward displacement of something inside the kidney 
 d. inside the downward displacement of something inside the kidney 
 e. the downward displacement of something inside the kidney 29. cyclicostatin a. a substance of bone, p.t. the cystic duct 
 b. a substance that makes an opening in something p.t. the cystic duct 
 c. a substance that makes an opening in something p.t. the ciliary bodies
 d. a substance of bone, involving something p.t. the ciliary bodies e. a substance that stops something p.t. the ciliary bodies 
 30. cerebralorrheic a. p.t. the rapid flowing of something p.t. the brain 
 b. p.t. the flowing of something in the brain 
 c. p.t. the flowing of something from the brain 
 d. p.t. the flowing of something p.t. the brain 
 e. p.t. the rapid flowing of something from something p.t. the brain

2018 Multiple Choice  247 31. vasa brachialia thoracica a. a vessel p.t. an arm and p.t. the chest b. the vessels of the chest p.t. the arm c. the vessels p.t. an arm and p.t. the chest 
 d. the vessels of the arm and p.t. the chest 
 e. a vessel of the arm and p.t. the chest 
 32. omosokinetotherapy a. treatment by means of the movement of the bones, involving the shoulders 
 b. treatment by means of something involving the movement of the shoulders 
 c. treatment by means of the movement of the shoulders 
 d. treatment by means of the movement of something p.t. the shoulders
 e. treatment by means of the movement of the bones of the shoulders 
 33. hypnotopharmacist a. one who studies drugs, involving an abnormal condition involving sleep 
 b. one who specializes in the science of drugs, involving an abnormal condition involving sleep 
 c. one who studies drugs, involving the ear and sleep 
 d. one who specializes in the science of drugs, involving an abnormal condition involving something p.t. sleep 
 e. one who specializes in drugs, involving an abnormal condition involving sleep 34. entoscheorchiorrhaphy a. the suturing of the testes, inside the scrotum 
 b. the suturing of the testes, involving something inside the scrotum 
 c. the suturing of the testes, scrotum, and intestine 
 d. the suturing of the inside of the scrotum, involving the testes
 e. the suturing of the testes, scrotum, involving the intestine 
 35. hyoepiglottic a. p.t. something below something (that is) upon the tongue 
 b. p.t. something upon the tongue, involving the hyoid process 
 c. (located) upon the tongue, involving the hyoid process 
 d. p.t. the epiglottis and hyoid bone 
 e. p.t. something that is below the epiglottis 
 36. pneumatencephala a. the part of the brain involving the lungs 
 b. a collection of air in the brain 
 c. collections of air in the brain 
 d. the part of the brain involving the lung
 e. p.t. the brain, involving the lungs 


248  Appendix: Sample Exams 37. thrombocytemia brachiocephalica a. an abnormal condition involving platelets in the blood, p.t. the brain, involving the arm 
 b. the abnormal presence of platelets in the blood, p.t. the brain, involving the arm 
 c. an abnormal condition involving platelets in the blood, p.t. the head, involving the arm 
 d. the abnormal presence of platelets in the blood, p.t. the head, involving the arm 
 e. the abnormal presence of cells of clots in the blood, p.t. the head, involving the arm 
 38. hemolysoid a. a collection of blood in the lymph glands
 b. resembling something that disintegrates blood c. resembling secretions of lymph in the blood 
 d. a collection of blood in the lymph nodes e. the part of the lymph nodes involving blood 39. renalohypophyseopenia 
 a. a deficiency of secretions from the pituitary gland, involving something p.t. the kidneys 
 b. a deficiency involving insufficient gas, p.t. the kidneys 
 c. a deficiency of secretions from the pituitary gland, involving the kidneys 
 d. a deficiency of something below the pituitary gland, p.t. something p.t. the kidneys 
 e. a deficiency of something involving insufficient gas, p.t. the kidneys 
 40. vasa adenalia a. the vas deferens 
 b. the vessel of the glands 
 c. the vessels of the glands
 d. the vessel p.t. the glands 
 e. the vessels p.t. the glands 
 41. venulae hypogastricae a. the veins of something below the stomach b. the veins below something p.t. the stomach 
 c. the little veins of something below the stomach 
 d. the little veins below the stomach 
 e. the little veins p.t. something insufficient about the stomach 
 42. hyalinuresis a. the abnormal presence of a substance of the hyoid in the urine 
 b. the abnormal presence of a substance of something involving glass in the urine 
 c. the passage of a substance resembling glass in the urine 
 d. the passage of a substance of the hyoid in the urine
 e. the abnormal presence of a substance of glass in the urine 


2018 Multiple Choice  249 43. hepaticolithotomy a. the cutting of a calculus from the liver 
 b. the cutting of a calculus involving something p.t. the hepatic duct 
 c. the cutting out of a calculus from the liver 
 d. the cutting out of a calculus involving the hepatic duct 
 e. the cutting of a calculus of the liver 44. myelorrhexis vertebralis a. the vertebra p.t. the rupturing of something involving bone marrow 
 b. p.t. the vertebra, involving the rupturing of something involving the spinal cord 
 c. the rupturing of something involving bone marrow, involving something p.t. the vertebra 
 d. the rupturing of the spinal cord, p.t. the vertebra 
 e. the vertebra p.t. the rupturing of the spinal cord 
 45. metrosalpingotic a. p.t. an abnormal condition involving the measurement of the uterus 
 b. p.t. an abnormal condition of the uterine tube and the uterus 
 c. p.t. an abnormal condition involving the measurement of salt in the uterine tube 
 d. p.t. an abnormal condition of the uterus and the uterine tube 
 e. p.t. an abnormal condition involving the uterine tube and the uterus 
 46. lienemic a. p.t. the abnormal presence of something involving fat in the blood 
 b. p.t. an abnormal condition involving blood in the spleen 
 c. p.t. the abnormal presence of fat in the spleen 
 d. p.t. the abnormal presence of blood in the spleen 
 e. p.t. an abnormal condition involving fat in the blood 
 47. lingula pulmonalis a. the little tongue p.t. the lung 
 b. the little tongue of the lung
 c. the little part of the lung, p.t. the tongue 
 d. the lung of the little tongue 
 e. the tongue p.t. the lungs 
 48. pseudonarcotic a. p.t. an abnormal condition involving a false stupor 
 b. falsely p.t. the death of something 
 c. falsely p.t. an abnormal condition involving stupor 
 d. falsely p.t. an abnormal condition involving drugs 
 e. p.t. an abnormal condition involving a false drug 


250  Appendix: Sample Exams 49. hypocytotrophic a. the insufficient growth of a cell b. below the growth of something involving a cell c. below the insufficient growth of a cell d. p.t. the growth of an insufficient cell e. p.t. the insufficient growth of a cell 50. prosopanesthesiolagnia a. sexual gratification involving the loss of perception of the face 
 b. the disintegration of something involving the loss of perception of the face c. an abnormal condition involving sexual gratification involving the loss of perception of the face d. an abnormal condition involving the disintegration of something involving the loss of perception of face

 e. an abnormal condition involving sexual gratification involving the perception of the face 51. periosteotribe a. an instrument for surrounding the crushing of bone 
 b. an instrument for crushing the surrounding bone 
 c. an instrument for rubbing the surrounding bone 
 d. an instrument for crushing something beside bone 
 e. an instrument for crushing something surrounding bone 
 52. cubitolithiastic a. p.t. the abnormal presence of a calculus in something involving the elbow 
 b. p.t. the healing of a calculus in the elbow 
 c. p.t. the healing of a calculus involving the elbow 
 d. p.t. the abnormal presence of a calculus involving the elbow 
 e. p.t. an abnormal condition involving a calculus in the elbow
 53. somoplastopenic a. p.t. a deficiency of the surgical repairing of something p.t. the body 
 b. p.t. the stopping of the formation of the body c. p.t. a deficiency of the formation of the body 
 d. p.t. the stopping of the surgical repairing of the body 
 e. p.t. a deficiency of the downward displacement of the body 
 54. osteopathia myelogenosa a. diseases of the bone, produced by the bone marrow 
 b. an abnormal condition involving a disease of the bone, involving the bone marrow 
 c. a disease of the bone, produced by the bone marrow 
 d. an abnormal condition involving a disease of the bone, involving the spinal cord 
 e. diseases of the bone, produced by the spinal cord 


2018 Multiple Choice  251 55. oneirerotophobia a. an abnormal condition involving a morbid dread of dreams 
 b. an abnormal condition involving a morbid dread of sexual desire, involving dreams 
 c. a morbid dread of ears, involving dreams 
 d. a morbid dread of sexual desire, involving dreams 
 e. a morbid dread of dreams 
 56. ectonephruria a. the abnormal presence of urine inside the kidneys 
 b. the abnormal presence of urine in something outside the kidneys 
 c. an abnormal condition involving urine in something outside the kidneys 
 d. the abnormal presence of urine outside the kidneys 
 e. an abnormal condition involving urine inside the kidneys 
 57. gonyoepidermorrhaphic a. p.t. the suturing of the epidermis of the knee 
 b. p.t. the suturing of the epidermis of the chin 
 c. p.t. the suturing of the epidermis, involving the chin 
 d. p.t. the suturing of the epidermis, involving the knee 
 e. p.t. the suturing of the epidermis and the chin 
 58. prosopognathotropism a. preferentially affecting the jaws of the face 
 b. the tendency to preferentially affect the jaws of the face 
 c. the tendency to preferentially affect the jaw of the face d. the tendency to preferentially affect the jaws, involving the face 
 e. preferentially affecting the jaws, involving the face 
 59. sutura parietomastoidea a. sutures of the mastoid bone and parietal bone 
 b. the suture between the mastoid process and the parietal bone 
 c. a suture of the mastoid bone and parietal bone 
 d. the sutures between the mastoid process and the parietal bone 
 e. a suture of the mastoid process and parietal bone 
 60. postdiabetes a. (occurring) after diabetes 
 b. p.t. after diabetes 
 c. p.t. something (occurring) after diabetes 
 d. something (occurring) after diabetes 
 e. behind something involving diabetes 


252  Appendix: Sample Exams 61. pneumonia pleuritica a. the abnormal presence of air in the lungs, p.t. the inflamed pleura 
 b. an abnormal condition involving the lungs, p.t. the inflammation of the pleura 
 c. an abnormal condition of the lungs, p.t. the inflammation of the pleura
 d. the inflammation of the pleura, p.t. an abnormal condition involving the lungs e. an abnormal condition involving the lungs, p.t. the pleura 62. omphalelcosis a. an abnormal condition involving the ulceration of the eyes 
 b. an abnormal condition involving the ulceration of the navel c. the ulceration of the eyes
 d. the ulceration of something p.t. the navel 
 e. the ulceration of the navel 
 63. sialemia a. an abnormal condition involving salt in the blood 
 b. an abnormal condition involving blood in the saliva 
 c. the abnormal presence of blood in the saliva 
 d. the abnormal presence of salt in the blood 
 e. an abnormal condition involving saliva in the blood 
 64. enterocholosis a. an abnormal condition involving something inside the bile 
 b. an abnormal condition involving the colon, involving the intestines 
 c. an abnormal condition involving bile, involving the intestines 
 d. an abnormal condition involving something inside the colon 
 e. an abnormal condition involving something inside the scrotum 
 65. epibrachialopexy a. the excessive fixation of something upon the arm 
 b. the adhesion of something upon something p.t. the bronchus 
 c. the fixation of something upon something p.t. the arm 
 d. the fixation of something upon something p.t. the bronchus 
 e. the adhesion of something upon the bronchus 
 66. supradermatocyte a. a cell of something above the skin 
 b. a cell of the skin above 
 c. a skin cell of something above 
 d. the cells above the skin 
 e. a cell above the skin 


2018 Multiple Choice  253 67. hepaticocytophagous a. p.t. a cell which ingests something p.t. the hepatic duct 
 b. p.t. a cell which ingests the liver 
 c. p.t. a cell which ingests cells of the liver 
 d. p.t. the ingestion of cells of something p.t. the hepatic duct
 e. p.t. the ingestion of cells of the hepatic duct 
 68. hypohematinemia a. an abnormal condition involving an insufficient substance of blood in the blood 
 b. an abnormal condition involving a substance of blood in something below the blood 
 c. the abnormal presence of blood in something below the blood 
 d. the abnormal presence of an insufficient substance of blood in the blood 
 e. an abnormal condition involving a substance of insufficient blood in the blood 
 69. episioperineoplasty a. the surgical repairing of something surrounding a new condition and excessive saliva
 b. the formation of the something surrounding a new condition and excessive saliva 
 c. the surgical repairing of something upon the vulva 
 d. the formation of the perineum and vulva e. the surgical repairing of the perineum and vulva 70. cartilaginogen a. something which produces a substance of cartilage 
 b. the production of a substance of cartilage 
 c. a substance which produces a substance of cartilage 
 d. producing a substance of cartilage 
 e. a substance which produces cartilage 
 71. precoreometric a. before the measurement of the cornea 
 b. p.t. the measurement of something in front of the cornea 
 c. p.t. the measurement of the cornea in front of something 
 d. before something p.t. the measurement of the pupil
 e. p.t. the measurement of something in front of the pupil 
 72. uraturia a. an abnormal condition involving the ureter 
 b. the abnormal presence of something involving urate 
 c. the abnormal presence of urea in the urine
 d. an abnormal condition involving the urea 
 e. the abnormal presence of urate in the urine


254  Appendix: Sample Exams 73. arteriae hypotyphlicae a. the arteries p.t. something involving insufficient cecum 
 b. the arteries of something below the cecum 
 c. the arteries below the cecum 
 d. below the cecum, p.t. the arteries 
 e. something below the cecum, p.t. the arteries
 74. celiorrhaphic a. p.t. the suturing of something involving the abdominal wall 
 b. p.t. the suturing of the ciliary body 
 c. p.t. the suturing of the abdomen 
 d. p.t. the suturing of something involving the ciliary body 
 e. p.t. the suturing of the abdominal wall
 75. trachelovertebrae a. the vertebra of the trachea b. the vertebrae of the neck
 c. the part of the neck involving the trachea 
 d. the vertebra of the neck 
 e. the part of the neck involving the vertebra 
 76. seropneumonitis a. the inflammation of the serous coat of the lungs
 b. the inflammation of the lungs, p.t. serum 
 c. the inflammation of something involving air, involving flesh 
 d. the inflammation of the lungs, involving flesh e. the inflammation of something involving air, involving serum 
 77. circumthorax a. something (that is) around the chest 
 b. the part of the chest involving the varix 
 c. p.t. something (that is) around the chest 
 d. a collection of varixes/varices in the chest e. p.t. the chest and a varix 78. venae pulmonarohypogastrici a. the vein of something below the stomach and the lungs 
 b. the veins below the stomach, involving something p.t. the lungs 
 c. the veins of something below the stomach and the lungs 
 d. the veins below the stomach and the lungs e. the vein below the stomach, involving something p.t. a lung 79. retrokeratodysplasia a. something after the defective formation of the pupil 
 b. something after the defective formation of the cornea c. an abnormal condition involving the defective formation of something behind the cornea 
 d. the defective formation of something behind the cornea e. the defective formation of something behind the pupil

2018 Multiple Choice  255 80. postcholedochectopic a. p.t. the displacement of something behind the hepatic duct 
 b. p.t. the displacement of something behind the common bile duct 
 c. after the displacement of the gallbladder 
 d. p.t. the displacement of something behind the bile duct e. after the displacement of the bile duct 81. nephritis nephrotoxicotica a. the poisoning of the kidneys, as a result of inflammation of the kidney 
 b. the inflammation of the kidney, p.t. the poisoning of the kidney 
 c. the poisoning of the kidneys, p.t. the inflammation of the kidney 
 d. the inflammation of the kidney, (that is) poisonous to the kidney e. the poisoning of the kidneys, leading to the inflammation of the kidney 82. intraencephalocentetic a. p.t. the surgical puncturing of something inside the brain 
 b. p.t. something inside the surgical puncturing of the head 
 c. inside the surgical puncturing of something inside the brain 
 d. p.t. the surgical puncturing of something inside the head e. p.t. something inside the surgical puncturing of the brain 83. septum osseum nasale a. the bone of the septum p.t. the nose 
 b. a septum of the nose and the bones and the nose c. a septum p.t. the bones and p.t. the nose d. a septum of the nasal bonesc e. a septum p.t. the bones of the nose 84. anticyticoplastic a. something (acting) against the formation of cells 
 b. (acting) against the surgical repairing of cells 
 c. (acting) against the formation of something p.t. cells 
 d. something (acting) against the formation of something p.t. cells e. (acting) against the formation of cells 85. nervi brachiohyperanconales a. the nerves above the elbows, involving the arm 
 b. the nerves p.t. something above the elbows, involving the arm 
 c. a nerve of something above the elbows, involving the arm
 d. the nerves of something above the elbows, involving the arm e. a nerve above the elbows, involving the arm 86. parotism a. a spasm of something beside an abnormal condition 
 b. a condition caused by the malfunction of the parotid cartilage 
 c. a spasm of the parotid bone 
 d. a condition of the parotid bone, cartilage, and gland e. a condition caused by the malfunction of the parotid gland

256  Appendix: Sample Exams 87. interclavicodystrophy a. the lack of growth of something between something p.t. the collar bone 
 b. the lack of growth of something among the collar bones 
 c. the defective growth of something between something p.t. the collar bone 
 d. the defective growth of something between the collar bones e. the lack of growth of something between the collar bones 88. chondromalacia cystica a. an abnormal condition involving the softening of cartilage, p.t. the bladder b. p.t. the softening of cartilage, p.t. the cystic duct c. p.t. the softening of cartilage, involving the bladder d. the softening of cartilage, p.t. the bladder e. the softening of a substance of cartilage, p.t. the bladder 89. otorrhea myalgica a. pain in the muscles, p.t. the flowing of something from the ear b. pain in the spinal cord, p.t. the flowing of something from the ear c. the rapid flowing of something from the ear, p.t. pain in the muscles d. pain in the muscles, p.t. the rapid flowing of something from the ear e. the flowing of something from the ear, p.t. pain in the muscles 90. subendophrenic a. below something inside the diaphragm 
 b. something below something inside the diaphragm 
 c. below the inside of the diaphragm 
 d. something below the inside of the mind 
 e. p.t. something below the inside of the mind 
 91. musculi brachiosubclavici a. the muscles of something below the arm and the collar bone 
 b. the muscle below the collar bone, involving the arm 
 c. the muscles of something below the collar bone, involving the arm 
 d. the muscle below the arm, involving the collar bone 
 e. the muscles below the collar bone, involving the arm 
 92. costa sternocoracoidalis a. the ribs p.t. the coracoid process, involving the sternum
 b. the ribs of the coracoid process, involving the sternum 
 c. the rib p.t. the coracoid process, involving the sternum 
 d. the ribs p.t. the sternum, involving the coracoid process 
 e. the rib of the coracoid process and the sternum 93. preinfracarditic a. p.t. the inflammation of something in front and something between (the parts of) of the heart 
 b. before the inflammation of something between (the parts of) the heart c. before and below the inflammation of the heart 
 d. p.t. the inflammation of the heart, involving something in front and below e. before the inflammation of something below the heart 


2018 Multiple Choice  257 94. hypoxia histotoxica a. the poisoning of tissues, p.t. the abnormal presence of excessive oxygen 
 b. an abnormal condition involving insufficient oxygen, poisonous to the tissue 
 c. poisoned tissues, involving insufficient oxygen 
 d. the abnormal presence of insufficient oxygen, p.t. the poisoning of tissues
 e. poisoned tissues, involving excessive oxygen 
 95. arthralitis enteropathica a. a disease of something p.t. the (small) intestine, p.t. the inflammation of something p.t. the joints 
 b. the inflammation of the joints, p.t. something inside a disease of the (small) intestine 
 c. the inflammation of something p.t. the joints, p.t. a disease of the (small) intestine 
 d. a disease of something p.t. the (small) intestine, p.t. the inflammation of the joints 
 e. the inflammation of the joints, p.t. a disease of the (small) intestine 
 96. hemangioma hemosideroticum a. a tumor involving vessels of blood, p.t. saliva and blood 
 b. tumors involving vessels of blood, p.t. an abnormal condition involving iron and blood
 c. a tumor involving vessels of blood, p.t. iron and blood 
 d. a tumor involving vessels of blood, p.t. an abnormal condition involving iron and blood 
 e. a tumor involving the vessels of blood, p.t. an abnormal condition involving saliva and blood 
 97. proscleriatric a. before the abnormal presence of something in front of the sclera 
 b. p.t. the abnormal presence of something in front of the sclera 
 c. before the healing of the sclera 
 d. p.t. the healing of something in front of the hardening of something 
 e. before the healing of something in front of the sclera 98. neurosomyosotic a. p.t. an abnormal condition involving the muscles, involving something p.t. the nerves 
 b. p.t. an abnormal condition involving the muscles, p.t. bone and involving the nerves 
 c. p.t. an abnormal condition involving the bones and the muscles of something p.t. the nerves 
 d. p.t. an abnormal condition involving the muscles, involving the nerves 
 e. p.t. an abnormal condition of something involving the muscles and the nerves 
 99. preosteosclerotic a. before the hardening of the bones b. before the bone, involving something p.t. the hardening c. p.t. an abnormal condition involving the hardening of something in front of the bones d. before the hardening of something involving the bones e. the hardening of something in front of the bones

258  Appendix: Sample Exams 100.
 ligamenta omalia a. the ligaments of the shoulder b. p.t. the ligaments and the shoulders c. the ligaments p.t. the shoulder d. the ligament p.t. the shoulder e. the ligament of the shoulders

ANSWER KEY #1-10 cbadd ecedb

#51-60 edccd badbd

#11-20 bcdea eabca

#61-70 beccc aedee

#21-30 dcdda baeed

#71-80 eeceb aabdb

#31-40 cdebd cdbae

#81-90 bacca eddea

#41-50 dcdde dacea

#91-100 ecebc dcaac

SAMPLE EXAM — WRITTEN ANSWERS Divide and Define 1. paracardiac_____________________________________________________________________ 2. musculi brachiohypocubitales____________________________________________________ 3. vas cervicale____________________________________________________________________ 4. chirodactylotogenic______________________________________________________________ 5. cranialectomodysplastic__________________________________________________________ 6. patellochondrostotic_____________________________________________________________ 7. lacrimorhinon___________________________________________________________________ 8. arthralectatogenous______________________________________________________________ 9. hyperadenorrheic________________________________________________________________ 10. acrotomalgic____________________________________________________________________ 11. ophthalmoencephalon___________________________________________________________ 12. carpalokinetotherapy____________________________________________________________ 13. endopneumogram_______________________________________________________________ 14. cytonecrotic prosopostomatoplasty________________________________________________

261

262  Appendix: Sample Exams 15. osteocytatrophic_________________________________________________________________ 16. metrocentetic___________________________________________________________________ 17. renopathogeneticist______________________________________________________________ 18. neurosomyosotic________________________________________________________________ 19. hepaticitis_______________________________________________________________________ 20. cerebelloplastopenic_____________________________________________________________ 21. myocytinogen___________________________________________________________________ 22. postosteosclerotic________________________________________________________________ 23. laparogastricostoma_____________________________________________________________ 24. onychoclastiastic________________________________________________________________ 25. omphalorrhagotropism___________________________________________________________ 26. colorrhaphic____________________________________________________________________ 27. neuritoplegia cerebredematosa___________________________________________________ 28. chylokinetostatin________________________________________________________________ 29. cholecystostomize_______________________________________________________________ 30. capillarostenototropic____________________________________________________________

Written Answers  263 31. cholegaster______________________________________________________________________ 32. septum osseum nasale__________________________________________________________ 33. cheiloplastotherapy______________________________________________________________ 34. otomyasthenic__________________________________________________________________ 35. vesicorrhectic___________________________________________________________________ 36. ossa omalia_____________________________________________________________________ 37. ossiculectomic__________________________________________________________________ 38. hysteropathologic________________________________________________________________ 39. somataloptotic__________________________________________________________________ 40. podagral________________________________________________________________________

ANSWER KEY (Note that some questions have more than one “right” answer) 1. para-cardi-ac — beside the heart 2. muscul-i brachio-hypo-cubit-al-es — muscles below the elbows, and involving the arms; muscles p.t. the arms and below the elbows 3. vas cervic-al-e — a vessel p.t. the neck 4. chiro-dactyl-ot-ogen-ic — producing an abnormal condition involving the digits of the hand 5. crani-al-ectom-odysplast-ic — p.t. the defective formation of something involving the cutting out of something pertaining to the skull 6. patell-o-chondr-ostot-ic — p.t. the ossification of the cartilage of a kneecap

264  Appendix: Sample Exams 7. lacrimo-rhin-on — a collection of tears in the nose 8. arthr-al-ectat-ogen-ous — produced by the distention of something p.t. a joint 9. hyper-aden-orrhe-ic — p.t. the flowing of excessive secretions from a gland; p.t. the excessive flowing of secretions from a gland 10. acr-otom-alg-ic — p.t. pain involving the cutting of an extremity 11. ophthalmo-encephal-on — the part of the brain involving the eyes 12. carp-alo-kinet-otherapy — treatment by means of the movement of something p.t. the wrist 13. endo-pneum-ogram — a record of something inside a lung 14. cyto-necrot-ic prosop-ostomat-oplasty — the surgical repairing of the mouth, involving the face, p.t. the death of cells 15. osteo-cyt-atroph-ic — p.t. the lack of growth of cells of bone 16. metro-centet-ic — p.t. the surgical puncturing of the uterus 17. reno-path-ogenet-ic-ist — one who specializes in the science of the production of a disease of the kidney; one who specializes in the science of the production of diseases of the kidney 18. neur-os-o-myos-ot-ic — p.t. an abnormal condition involving muscles, p.t. nerves 19. hepat-ic-itis — the inflammation of the hepatic duct 20. cerebello-plasto-pen-ic — p.t. a deficiency of the formation of the cerebellum; p.t. a deficiency of something involving the formation of the cerebellum 21. myo-cyt-in-ogen — a substance which produces a substance of cells of muscle 22. post-oste-osclerot-ic — after the hardening of bones 23. laparo-gastr-ic-ostoma — an opening made in something p.t. the stomach, through the abdominal wall 24. onycho-clast-iast-ic — p.t. the abnormal presence of the breaking of the nails; p.t. the abnormal presence of something involving the breaking of the nails 25. omphal-orrhag-o-trop-ism — the tendency to preferentially affect the rapid flowing of something from the navel 26. col-orrhaph-ic — p.t. the suturing of the colon 27. neur-it-opleg-ia cerebr-edemat-os-a — the paralysis of something involving the inflammation of nerves, p.t. the swelling of the brain 28. chylo-kineto-stat-in — a substance which stops the movement of chyle 29. cholecyst-ostom-ize — to make an opening in the gallbladder 30. capillar-ostenot-o-trop-ic — preferentially affecting the narrowing of capillaries 31. chole-gaster — a collection of bile in the stomach

Written Answers  265 32. sept-um osse-um nas-al-e — the septum p.t. a bone and p.t. the nose; the septum, p.t. bone, p.t. the nose; the septum, p.t. the nose, p.t. bone 33. cheilo-plast-o-therapy — treatment by means of the surgical repairing of the lips 34. oto-my-asthen-ic — p.t. the lack of strength of the muscles of the ears; p.t. the lack of strength of the muscles involving the ears 35. vesic-orrhect-ic — p.t. the rupturing of the bladder 36. oss-a om-al-ia — the bones p.t. the shoulder 37. oss-icul-ectom-ic — p.t. the cutting out of little bones 38. hystero-path-olog-ic — p.t. the study of a disease of the uterus; p.t. the study of the diseases of the uterus 39. somat-al-optot-ic — p.t. the downward displacement of something p.t. the body 40. pod-agr-al — p.t. gouty pain in the foot

TWENTY SAMPLE TERMS TRANSLATED WITH EXPLANATIONS 1. endo-oste/-ot-ic ӹӹ p.t. an abnormal condition involving ӹӹ something inside bones not to be interpreted as *endo/-oste-ot/-ic ӹӹ (located) inside ӹӹ an abnormal condition involving bones 2. post-omphal/-atroph-ic ӹӹ p.t. the lack of growth of ӹӹ something behind the navel not to be interpreted as *post/-omphal-atroph/-ic (although this is actually plausible) ӹӹ (occurring) after ӹӹ the lack of growth of the navel 3. hyper-thyroid/-em-ia ӹӹ the abnormal presence in the blood of ӹӹ excessive secretions from the thyroid gland not to be interpreted as *hyper-thyroid/-emia ӹӹ the abnormal presence in the blood of ӹӹ something involving something above the thyroid 4. anti-cyto-path/-ogen-ic ӹӹ producing ӹӹ something (operating) against a disease of cells not to be interpreted as *anti-cyto/-path-ogen-ic ӹӹ producing a disease of ӹӹ something against cells

267

268  Appendix: Sample Exams 5. om/-endo-thorac-ic ӹӹ (located) inside the chest, ӹӹ involving the shoulder not (as if endo-omo-thorac-ic) ӹӹ (located) inside the chest and shoulder 6. peri-oste/-otom-ic ӹӹ p.t. the cutting of ӹӹ something surrounding bones not to be interpreted as *peri/-oste-otom/-ic ӹӹ surrounding ӹӹ the cutting of bones 7. viscer/-otrop-ic ӹӹ preferentially affecting ӹӹ the viscera not to be interpreted as *viscer-otrop/-ic ӹӹ p.t. ӹӹ the tendency to preferentially affect the viscera 8. anti/-hem-uret/-ic ӹӹ operating against ӹӹ the passage of blood in the urine not to be interpreted as *anti-hem/-uret-ic ӹӹ p.t. the passage in the urine of ӹӹ something against blood 9. inter-chondr/-oplas-ia ӹӹ the formation of ӹӹ something between cartilages not to be interpreted as *inter/-chondr-oplas-ia ӹӹ the formation of cartilage ӹӹ between things 10. ven-ae / esophago-cardi/-al-es ӹӹ the veins ӹӹ p.t. the cardiac part of the stomach and esophagus not to be interpreted as ven-ae *esophago/-cardi-al-es ӹӹ ... p.t. the heart and esophagus

Twenty Sample Terms Explained  269 11. nerv-i / entero/-sub-gastr-ic-i ӹӹ the nerves ӹӹ below the stomach, ӹӹ involving the intestine not to be interpreted as ӹӹ (located) below the stomach and abdomen 12. pre/-ot-ic/-ot-ic ӹӹ (occurring) before an abnormal condition involving ӹӹ something p.t. the ear not to be interpreted as *pre-ot-ic/-ot-ic ӹӹ p.t. an abnormal condition involving ӹӹ something p.t. something before the ear 13. intra-/aden-oido/-cent-et-ic ӹӹ p.t. the surgical puncturing of ӹӹ something inside ӹӹ something resembling a gland not to be interpreted as *intra-aden/-oido-cent-et-ic ӹӹ p.t. the surgical puncturing of ӹӹ something resembling ӹӹ something inside a gland 14. intra-thoraco/-scop-ic ӹӹ p.t. the examination of ӹӹ something inside the chest not to be interpreted as *intra/-thoraco-scop/-ic ӹӹ (located) inside ӹӹ the examination of the chest 15. vas-a / aden/-al-ia ӹӹ the vessels ӹӹ p.t. glands not to be interpreted as ...*aden-al/-ia ӹӹ an abnormal condition involving ӹӹ something p.t. glands

270  Appendix: Sample Exams 16. peri/-peri-card/-it-ic ӹӹ p.t. the inflammation of ӹӹ something surrounding the pericardium not to be interpreted as *peri/-peri-card-it/-ic ӹӹ surrounding the inflammation of ӹӹ the pericardium 17. infra-gastr/-ot-ic ӹӹ p.t. an abnormal condition involving ӹӹ something below the stomach not to be interpreted as *infra/-gastr-ot/-ic ӹӹ (located) below ӹӹ an abnormal condition involving the stomach 18. hydro/-chole-cyst/-is ӹӹ a collection of water ӹӹ in the gall bladder not to be interpreted as *hydro-chole/-cyst-is ӹӹ collection of water and bile ӹӹ in a cyst/the bladder 19. physo/-hypo-physeo/-gram ӹӹ a record of the pituitary gland, ӹӹ involving gas not (as if *physo-hypo-physo-...) ӹӹ ...something below gas involving gas 20. suprarenalo/-therap-y ӹӹ treatment by means of secretions from ӹӹ the adrenal gland not to be interpreted as *supra-renalo/-therap-y ӹӹ treatment by means of ӹӹ something above the kidney

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