Wool fiber, wool fat, suint, and dirt in range wool

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This thesis, having been approved by the special Faculty Committee, is accepted by the Committee on Graduate Study o f the University o f Wyoming, in partial fu lfillm en t o f the requirements fo r the degree c

\U L„

Chairman o f the Committee on Graduate Study,

Dale.

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WOOL FIBER, WOOL FAT, SUINT, AND DIRT IN RANGE WOOL

by Glenn J. Spaulding, B. S.

A Thesis Submitted to The Department of Wool and The Committee on Graduate Study of the University of Wyoming In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science

University of Wyoming 1942

4 1&

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i

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The writer is deeply appreciative of the assistance of many friends in the preparation of this thesis.

Special thanks

are due to Dean J. A. Hill, Dr. R. H. Burns, and Mr. Alexander Johnston for their encouragement and helpful suggestions.

He

is also indebted to The Warren Livestock Company which donated £ the wool samples.

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11

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS, CHARTS, AND TABLES......................

iv 1

INTRODUCTION............. The Fleece and Adhering Material ..........................

1

Wool Shrinkage and Its I m p o r t a n c e ........................

1

The Color of Y o l k ..............

2

Yolk, Fiber, Diameter, and Contour ........................

3

The Wool Follicle

4

. . .

............ * ..................

REVIEW OF L I T E R A T U R E ..........................................

$

Representative Areas ......................................

5

Influence of Environment ..................................

5

The Components of Wool Yolk

6

..........

Moisture in Grease W o o l s ....................... ,..........

9

Extraction Procedure ......................................

10

STATEMENT OF THE P R O B L E M ................

14

................................................

14

Grade S a m p l e s ............................................

14

M E T H O D S ........................................................

16

MATERIALS

Moisture Determination *.

* .

..........

16

Grease Extraction '............

16

Suint Extraction

................................

17

Determination of Mechanical Impurities....................

IS

Weights

19

Calculation of Impurities

. . . . . . . .

..................

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19

iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Page D I S C U S S I O N ....................................................

19

Y i e l d ....................................................

24

G r e a s e ......................................

24

Suint

....................................

25

D i r t ......................................................

26

Comparison

ofExtractionand Emulsion Scouring Processes . .

27

Material Removedby Duster over a Period of Years...........

30

Relationship of Apparent Fleece Density to Greasy and Clean Fleece W e i g h t s ................................. Relationship of Staple Length to Clean Wool Content

31

....

31

Relationship of Apparent Yolk to Actual Y o l k ..............

31

The Relationship of Yolk to Y i e l d .........................

35

The Relationship of Dirt to Y i e l d .........................

35

The Relationship of Yolk to Dirt . . ’ .......................

35

Relationship between Fleece Weight and Per Cent Yield

...

39

S U M M A R Y ........................................................

39

CONCLUSIONS....................................................

41

B I B L I O G R A P H Y ..................................................

44

FORMULAE USED IN THEEXPERIMENT.................................

46

APPENDIX T A B L E S ..................................

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i

iv

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS, CHARTS, AND TABLES Page

Print Figure 1 - Diagram of Wool F o l l i c l e ......................

4

Photographs Figures 2 and 3 - Warren Livestock Company Crossbred Ewes on Winter Range in Southeastern W y o m i n g ........... Figure 4 - Soxhlet Apparatus Used for Grease Extraction

15 . .

17

Figure 5 - Soxhlet Apparatus Used for Suint Extraction. . .

18

Charts No. 1 - Shrinkage and Yield of Grease Wool from Range Ewes, Fine S t a p l e .................................

20

No. 2 - Shrinkage and Yield of Grease Wool from Range Ewes, One-Half Blood Staple

..........................

21

No. 3 - Shrinkage and Yield of Grease Wool from Range Ewes, Three-Eighths Blood Staple ............

'22

No. 4 - Shrinkage and Yield of Grease Wool from Range Ewes, All G r a d e s ................. ..................... No.

No.

5 - Relationship of Apparent FleeceDensity

23

toGreasy

and Clean Fleece W e i g h t s ................. ,............

32

6 - Relationship of Apparent Yolk to

34

Actual Yolk. . . .

Tables No. 1 - Relation of Moisture to Suint and Dirt

..........

26

No. 2 - Dirt Content and Wool Yield by Extraction and Emulsion Processes

............................

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28

t

V

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS, CHARTS, AJNL) TABLES (Continued) Page No. 3 “ Dirt Content by Grades, Samples taken 1935-1939 .........................

30

No.

4- Relationship of Staple Length to Clean Wool Content.

33

No.

5- Relationship of Per Cent of Yolk to Per Cent of

from WarrenLivestock Company

Y i e l d ......................................

36

No.

6- Relationship of Dirt to Yield in Grade Samples . . .

No.

7- Relationship of Per Cent of Yolk to Per Cent of Dirt In Grade Samples

....................................

37

38

No. 8 - Relationship between Fleece Weight and Per Cent Yield in Grade Samples ......................

. . . . .

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39

INTRODUCTION

The Fleece and Adhering Material

The fleece of the sheep may be considered as consisting of two com­ ponents, the pure wool fiber, and adhering material which is removed in scouring.

This adhering material is composed of various types of soil,

vegetable material, paint, sweat, and grease. Burns1 (1938) gives the following schematic grouping to the impuri­ ties in grease wool; -Accretions, such as kemps, gray fibers, and gare hair. /-Indigenous

Excretions, such as dung, manure dust, and urine. •Secretions, such as yolk or grease, and sweat.

Wool Impurities^

fOf animal origin, such as ticks and bugs. Of vegetable origin, such as burrs, straw, sagebrush, greasewood, and cactus. vExtraneous \ Of mineral origin, such as sand and dirt. As applied by man, such as paint, tar, and V.dips.

Wool Shrinkage and Its Importance

The percentage of greasy wool that is removed by scouring is called

1 Burns. Robert H . . Variation in The Shrinkage of Wyoming Wools. University of Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin No. 225, February, 1938.

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shrinkage.

Conversely, yield is the weight of clean wool fiber, expressed

as a percentage of the original weight of greasy wool. Wool impurities are of importance to both the producer and the manu­ facturer first because they have to be removed by an expensive scouring process before the wool can be utilized; second they have to be transporA ted with the wool long distances at considerable cost; third Sutton (1932) points out that the production of large amounts of yolk by the sheep util­ izes energy which might otherwise be devoted to the production of wool. It is generally conceeded that yolk may prevent weathering and acts as a fiber lubricant preventing fiber breakage or removal of the fiber scales by friction.

The Color of Yolk

Rimington and Stewart^ (1931) cite Hirst as having shown that the coloring matter of the yolk acts as'a protective agent against the harm­ ful effects of the ultra-violet rays present in sunlight.

He has shown

further that as fleece density becomes less, damage to the fiber by the sunlight, wind, and rain, extends further into the staple from the tip. In the same article, Rimington and Stewart report having collected sam­ ples of wool with yolk varying in color from bright white to a deep yel­ low brown.

These samples were scoured normally and then rearranged in

order of brightness by various independent wool experts.

2 Sutton, W. G., "Present Day Knowledge of Yolk in Wool," The New Zealand Journal of Agriculture. January, 1932, pp. 16-23* 3 Rimington, Claude and Stewart, A. M., "Adventitious Colouration in Raw Wool," Wool Record and Textile World. Vol. XXXIX, 1931, P* 983*

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The sample showing a deep colored yolk before scouring was placed first, while the sample showing greatest brightness before scouring was placed fifth.

Yolk, Fiber Diameter, and Contour

WinsonA- (1929), working with Australian wools ranging from 56's to 64's quality and New Zealand 50's quality wools, compared samples heavy in condition with those containing only a small amount of yolk. The samples had been sorted by Bradford sorters so that a high similar­ ity could be expected.

He found that samples high in condition dif­

fered from samples low in condition in that:

(l) The fibers were def­

initely finer; (2) The fibers were more uniform in diameter; (3) Fi­ bers of heavy conditioned wools were more circular in cross section; (4 ) In all cases there was 'less variation in shape or contour in the fibers of heavy conditioned wools.

Yolk and Commercial 'Wool Production

The producer has the power to control certain hereditary tenden­ cies, and, to a more limited extent, the environment of the sheep.

He

may produce a sheep through judicious crossing and selection which will be either higher or lower in yolk content and density than those pro­ duced before.

The problem of the producer is how much yolk and how much

fleece density is necessary to produce the fleece having the greatest value.

4 Winson, C. G., "Some Physical Characteristics of Greasy and NonGreasy Fleece Wools," Journal of the Textile Institute. Vol. XX, 1929, p. T 219.

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4 The Wool Follicle

Sutton'* describes the wool fiber as being complete in structure before it reaches the surface of the skin.

Just before reaching the

mouth of the follicle it passes the openings of the sebaceous glands and receives a coating of wax.

At the skin level it emerges into a

small depression into which the sweat gland, if one is present, dis­ charges its secretions.

Bi-ooa M

k s SELS

6

I Figure 1

5 Sutton, op. cit. pp. 16^-23. 6 Sutton, op. cit. p. 19*

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5

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Representative Areas

Spencer, Hardy, and Brandon? (1928) separated 98 fleeces into shoulder, side, back, belly, neck, rump, and breech wools. these parts of the fleece w a s scoured separately.

Each of

The side gave a

yield most nearly resembling that of the whole fleece. Elbe® (1927) concluded that coarser wooled animals had a higher yield of clean wool than fine wool animals; however the coarser por­ tion did not always give a higher yield than the finer part of the same fleece.

The greater dirt content of the coarser portions cannot

be given as the sole cause of this variation.

A sample from the blade

(shoulder), flank,, and hip always gave a higher yield than an average sample from the blade, back, flank, and hip.

Influence of Environment

Bansma and Starke^ (1934) found from samples taken from six dif­ ferent parts of the body of twelve mature Merino wethers that the

? Spencer, D. A., Hardy, J. I., and Brandon, Mary J., Factors that Influence Wool Production with Rambouillet Sheep. U.S.D.A. Technical Bulletin 8$, October 1928. Elbe, Werner M., Untersuchungen an den auf der D.L.G.=Schau in Hamburg 1924 geschorenen Landschafvliesen. (Translation: Investigations of the Mative Sheep Fleeces Shorn at the D.L.G. Show in Hamburg in 1924. Weimar: Panses Verlag G.m.b.H.: 1927* S. 55* 9 Bansma, F. N. and Starke, J. S., "Wool Fat and Suint in Merino Sheep," Reprint from The South African Journal of Science. Vol. XXXI, November 1934, pp. 371-393.

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feeding of ordinary maintenance production rations, either high or low in protein, does not seem to have any influence on the production of yolk.

They found no apparent variations due to seasonal influence. J. F. Wilson^ (1931) fed three Romney wethers a fattening ration

for a period of six months followed by a maintenance ration for a second period of six months and a -sub-maintenance ration for a third period of t six months.

No analyses of the yolk content of the wool were made, but

the darker color of the first fleeces, in addition to their greasier handling qualities, indicated that the fattening ration was responsible for the presence of more yolk in the wool than the maintenance or the sub­ maintenance rations. Buttner^*- (1939) reports that raw wool from different parts of South Africa varies in color, owing to the presence of sand or dust.

The spe­

cific gravities of different sands are as characteristic as their color. Very greasy wools tend to contain a smaller amount of dust than less greasy wools.

This is true only when the dust is heavier in specific

gravity than the wool grease.

Certain wools contain sand which tends

to absorb grease and fall out of the fleece.

Other wools contain sand

which does not absorb wool grease and does not fall out of the fleece easily.

Wilson, J. F., "The Influence of The Plane of Nutrition Upon Various Factors Related to Wool Production," Reprint from The National Wool Grower. Vol. XXI: 12, December 1931, PP* 23-28. 11 Buttner, E.-E., "Sand in Grease Wools," Johannesburg'Sunday Times. August 6, 1939, Abstracted in Wool Industries Research Associa­ tion Abstracts of Current Literature. December 1939, p. A772.

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Bell, Spencer, and Hardy-^, (1936) noticed that fine particles of dirt cling to the tip of the fleece.

They point out that, "Larger par­

ticles of dirt, such as seeds, chaff, dust, soil, etc. may penetrate into the fleece of wool to a greater or less extent, depending on the closure and density of the wool fibers."

"The larger particles usually

sift into the fleece from the top line, whereas adhering dirt on the tip of the fleece is found quite uniformly over the entire outer surface of the fleece."

The Components of Wool Yolk

Drummond and Baker-'-3 (1929) concluded from a comprehensive analysis of wool grease that: 1. "Crude wool fat consists mainly of the fatty acid esters of the higher aliphatic alcohols such as cholesterol and iso-cholesterol. The crude fat contained relatively little free fatty acids or alcohols. 2. "Wool fat contained small traces of fatty substances con­ taining nitrogen and phosphorus. 3. "The fatty acids consisted almost entirely of cerotic, pal­ mitic, and stearic acids." RossouvA ^

(1938) pointed out that the higher members of the

Bell, D. S., Spencer, D. A., and Hardy, J. I., The Influence of Various Factors Upon the Growth and Quality of Fine Wool as Obtained from Merino Sheep.. Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 571> July 1936, p. 21. -'-3 Drummond, J. C. and Baker, L. C., "The Composition of ?/ool Fat," Journal of Society of Chemical Industry. Vol. 48! 32, 1929, p. 232. 14 Rossouw, S. D., "The Extraction of Wool Grease," Oonderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Industry. Vol. 10: 1, January 1938, pp. 229-233.

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8 potassium salts of fatty acids dissolve in ether and the lower members dissolve in water.

The alkaline secretions from the suderiferous glands

and the free fatty acid from the sebaceous glands may form water soluble salts.

Water extract will also-include water soluble substances from

vegetable matter, manure, and other organic and inorganic material.

Wa­

ter extract then cannot be used as a true index of the secretions from the suderiferous glands. Freney^-5 (1934) describes an analysis of suint in which he reported that: 1. "Suint samples have been found to vary greatly in ash and ni­ trogen content. 2. "Suint is normally neutral or slightly alkaline but occasional samples are definitely acidic. 3. "From 10$ to 20$ of the dry weight of the samples examined was found to be fatty acid in character. 4. "Small amounts of lactic acid, hippuric acid, and succinic acid were identified. 5. "Only small amounts of urea and ammonia were detected. 6. "No positive protein tests were given dry suint, however, the presence of nitrogenous bases suggests that protein was originally present but had suffered decomposition. 7. "A large part of the organic material of suint has not been identified."

^ Freney, Martin R., "Studies on the Merino Fleece," Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry, May U, 1934> p* T131.

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9 Moisture in Grease Wools

W r i g h t (1909) extracted the wool fat and suint from grease wools, then studied the moisture content of them for various relative humidi­ ties ranging from 65 to 85 per cent.

His results show that greasy wool

gained from 24 to 29 per cent of its weight in moisture.

Wool fat could

absorb up to 17.2 per cent of its weight in moisture, and suint could take up 66 per cent of its weight in moisture. H i l l ^ (1922) investigated the regain of the natural impurities in unwashed wool.

Factors that affect the rate of change in the moisture

content of wool were also studied. The following average regains were obtained in a humidity room in which the temperature was kept at 70° F. and relative humidities kept at 55 per cent: Average Regain Per Cent Original unwashed wool

12.8

Suint.

23.0

Wool-fat

12.3

insoluble Dirt

11.1

Pure Fiber

10 .7

Regain is the moisture found in any given lot of wool or other *1/1 Wright, Allister M., "The Absorption of Moisture from the Atmos­ phere by Wools," Journal of the Society of Chemical Industries. Vol. XXVIII, 1909, pp. 1020-1022. ^ Hill, J. A., The Regain of Unwashed Wool. University of Wyoming Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 132, June 1922, pp. 35-54*

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10

textile material expressed as percentage of the moisture free weight of 1 ft the material. ° Kaczkowski^ (1937) gives two systems used in determining clean wool yield: (1) "In England and Soviet Russia, they first condition grease wool to bone dry weight,

clean wool (bone dry) grease wool (bone dry)

x j_q q _ p'er cerrfc, ~

(2) "The French-German system in which only the washed wool is conditioned." The two methods give the same results at humidity of 15.5% but varies in direct relation to the humidity.

As the humidity goes above 15*5%f

system (1) shows a higher yield than system' (2). clines below

15.5%)

As the humidity de­

system (1) shows a lower yield than system (2).

Extraction Procedure

Barker^ (1931) cites Chevreul as having, in I 856, extracted wool with cold water to remove suint. and earthy matter in the extract.

Chevreul later determined the soluble He then extracted' the wool with al­

cohol and then estimated the alcohol soluble material (fat) and sedi­ ment in the extract.

Hultz, f'. S. and' Hill,' J. A., Range Sheep and Wool. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1931* P« 352. ^ Kaczkowski, B. J., Ueber die Ermittlung des Rendements der polnischen Wollen. (Translation: On Determining the Yield of Polish Wools.) Translation from Melliand Textilberichte (Heidelberg ) 18: 1937* pp. 6-10. 00

^ Barker, S. G., Wool Quality, printed and published by His Majes­ ty' s Stationery Office, London, 1931* P* 26.

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11 This method is not used now as the emulsion formed by suint and water washes the grease out in the water extract.

The difficulty in

keeping alcohol free from water together with its cost makes its use prohibitive for grease extractions. ' Hill2-*- (1922) removed the water extract from grease wool with a percolator filled with distilled water.

The wool was packed in thim­

bles which were placed in a percolator.

Distilled water at 60° to

70° C. was used in the percolator. lar intervals and replaced. Soxhlet extractor.

The water was withdrawn at regu­

The ether extractions were made in a

Sand and dirt was removed by washing the wool in

hot distilled water containing 2% hydrochloric acid.

This was followed

by thoroughly rinsing the wool in warm distilled water. Spencer, Hardy, and Brandon22 (1922) removed the grease from wool by washing the samples in gasoline.

The gasoline was later drained

off through filter papers in order to retain the insoluble material. Dirt was removed from the'samples with soap and water at 40° to 45° C. A. E. Wilson2^ (1926) defined a method whereby a sample of raw wool could be analyzed into its components.

The method consists of

packing the wool into a tube and running through a succession of sol­ vents to remove the soluble impurities, and then removing the wool and detaching the soil. p1] Hill, op. cit.. pp. 35-5422 Spencer, D. A., Hardy, J. I., and Brandon, Mary J., A Method of Determining Grease and Dirt in Wool. U.S.D.A. Bulletin 1100, September,

1922.

23 Wilson, A. E., "Raw Wool: Its Separation into Wool, Wool-Fat, Potash Salts, Soil, and Water." Extract from The Journal of Textile Science. December, 1926, pp. 99-101.

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12 There are three main stages in the process: (1) "Separation of the Wool-fat with ether (or a fat solvent). (2) "Separation of the water soluble suint by water. (3) "Detaching the mechanically adhering soil from the wool." The weights of the fat .and suint are determined by recovering them into separate weighed flasks, distilling off the solvent, and determin­ ing the weight of the residue as shown by the increased weight of the flask. The soil is removed from the wool by working the wool under water. The soil is allowed to settle out and is collected and weighed. The amount of water in the raw wool is determined by drying a sam­ ple in a dessicator. Bonsma^ describes a method for the complete analyses of a sample of greasy wool which in general is used by most workers.

Raw wool is

placed in a thimble in a Soxhlet extractor and ether is percolated through for a period of 6 hours.

Thimbles are then removed, allowed tp

f dry, and the wool allowed' to reach hygroscopic equilibrium.

The thim­

bles are then returned to a Soxhlet extractor and extracted with dis­ tilled water for 6 hours.

The ether in the fat extraction flasks and

the water in the suint extraction flasks are evaporated off.

The

flasks are dried in a conditioning oven at 106° C. and are weighed. The gain in weight of the flasks represents the amount of residue.

Af­

ter the suint extraction, the wool is dusted with forceps to remove sand and vegetable material.

The organic material, removed by dusting,

^ Bonsma, F. N., "Yolk— Its Economic Importance." "A Technique for the Complete Analysis of a Sample of Greasy Wool.11 ' Reprint from The Wool Record and Textile World. July 24, 1930, PP* 235-237-

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is separated from the inorganic material by burning in a crucible at red heat.

The loss in weight by burning represents organic material.

Regain determinations of grease wool are made with two-gram sam­ ples and regain bottles.

The samples are selected from wool which had

previously been conditioned at uniform temperature and humidity. "The principle of the method is to maintain the bottle containing the wool at a constant temperature of 106° C. while a current of dry air is drawn through it.

The loss in weight represents the moisture

content of the wool."

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14

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The object of this investigation is to show the relative amounts of grease, suint, and dirt in range wools.

GRADE SAMPLES FROM CROSSBRED EWES

Materials

Grade Samples Samples were taken at shearing time from 18 mature ewes selected from the flocks of The Warren Livestock Company of Cheyenne, Wyoming. The ewes sampled included 6 with fine wool fleeces, 6 with one-half blood%fleeces, and 6 with three-eighths blood fleeces.

These ewes

were selected within each wool grade so that light, intermediate, and heavy yolk contents, according to visual judgment, were represented. Samples were taken from the side area midway between the point of the shoulder and the point of the hip.

Two samples, one from each side,

were taken from each ewe. Approximately 20 grams of wool was clipped from each area and placed in a moisture-proof cardboard container.

The fleece weight,

staple length, age, and apparent density were recorded for each ewe sampled.

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Figure 2 Warren Livestock Company Crossbred Ewes on Winter Range in Southeastern Wyoming

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Wallace, H. A. and Snedecor, George W., Correlation and Machine Calculation, Iowa State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts Offi­ cial Publication, Vol. XXX: 1+, June 21+, 1931> P- 8. 25

Garrett, Henry E., Statistics in Psychology and Education, Long­ mans Green and Company, New York, 1932, p. 170.

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i APPENDIX TABLE NO. I

COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 1 Grade One-half Blood Fleece Weight 11.5 pounds Staple Length 2 1/2 inches Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams Right Side Tare of Can Original Thimble Weight Final Thimble Weight Can, Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned Wfeight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wool Weight

Left Side

46.832

47.846 4-557

5.152 5.196 53.020 52.913

4.686 53.238 53.132 53-063 52.936 *52.807

52.816 52.614 52.450 47.254

48.121

Net Weights and Percentages Right Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Left Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Average Per cent by Weight*

Original Weight

.835

----

I.O36

----

Conditioned Weight

.729

----

.929

----

Moisture

.106

12.69**

.107

IO.33**

Grease

.069

9.47

.097

10.44

9.96

Suint

.127

17.42

.202

21.74

19.58

Dirt

.258 .

35.39

.208

22.39

28.89

Clean Wool

.275

27.72

.422

45-39

41.56

Total

.729

100.00

.929

99.96

99.99

* Percentages based on Conditioned Weights “-^-Moisture per cent based on Original Weights

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11.65

ii APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued)

COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 2 Grade Fleece Weight Staple Length

One-half Blood 16.55 pounds 3 inches

Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams Right Side Tare of Can Original Thimble Weight Final Thimble Weight Can, Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wool Weight

Left Side

46.824

47.653 3.803 3.810 53.797 53.584 53.285 52.813

4-399 4.480 54.023 53-843 53.518 52.950

52.640

52.268

48.830

47.788

Net Weights and Percentages Right Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Left Side Per cent Actual Weight by Weight* Grams

Original Weight

2.141

2.800

Conditioned Weight

1.928

2.620 .180

6.43**

Average Per cent by Weight*

Moisture

•213

Grease

.299

15.51

.325

12.40

13*96

Suint

.472.

24.48

.568

21.68

23.08

Dirt

.180

9.34

.763

29.12

19.23

Clean Wool

.977

50.67

.964

36.79

43.73

1.928

100.00

2.620

99.99

100.00

Total

9.95**

* Percentages based on Conditioned Weights **Moisture per cent based on Original Weight

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

8.19**

iii APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued) COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 3 Grade Fleece Weight Staple Length

One-half Blood 15*0 pounds 2 3/4 inches

Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams Left Side

Right Side Tare of Can Original Thimble Vfeight Final Thimble Weight Can, Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wool Weight

47-848 A*l6l A*140 53.857 53-731 53-549 53.114 52.628

47.853 4-074 4.115 55.441

55-262 54.968 54.372 53.015 48.900

48.488

Net Weights and Percentages Right Side Actual Per cent Weight ' by Grams Weight*

Left Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Original Weight

3.514

1.857

Conditioned Weight

3-335

1.731

Average Per cent

by Weight*

Moisture

.179

5.09

.126

6.79

Grease

.294

8.82**

.182

10.51**

Suint

.596

17.87

•453

25.13

21.50

Dirt

1.398

41.92

.474

27.40

34-66

Clean Wool

1.0A7

31.39

.6a 0

36.94

34.17

Total

3.335

100.00

1.731

99.98

100.00

-* Percentages based on Conditioned Weights **Moisture per cent based on Original Weights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

5.94 9.67**

iv APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued)

COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 4 Grade Three-eighths Blood Fleece Weight 11.10 pounds Staple Length 3 inches Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams Right Side

Left Side

46.826 3.546 3.65252.372 52.219 52.094 51.721 51.203 47.551

Tare of Can '.'.al Thimble Weight -L. Thimble Weight Can, Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Yseight Final Clean Wool Weight

46.469 3-296 3.595 51.992 51.825 51-718 51.2.89 50.847 47.252

Net Weights and Percentages Right Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Left Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Original Weight

2.000

2.227

Conditioned Weight

1.847

2.060

Average Per cent by Weight*

Moisture

.153

7.65**

.167

7.50*#

7.58**

Grease

.125

6.77

.10?

5.19

5-98

Suint

.369

19.94

.429

20.83

20.39

Dirt

.624

33.82

•741

35.97

34.90

Clean Wool

.725

39.25

.783

38.01

38.63

1.843

99.78

2.062

100.00

99.90

Total

* Percentages based on Conditioned Weights "--■Moisture per cent based on Original Weights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

V

APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued)

COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 5 Grade Fleece Weight Staple Length

Fine 13-5 pounds 2 1/2 inches

Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams Right Side

Left Side

46.418

Tare of Can Original Thimble Weight Final Thimble Weight Can, Thimble and Ra\v Wool Conditioned Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wool Weight

2.720

47.827 2.833

----

----

54.456 54.152 53.660 52.879

56.107 55.670 54-947 53.860 52.328 49.500

50.464 47.650

Net Weights and Percentages Right Side Left Side Actual Per cent Actual Per cent . Weight Weight by by Weight* Grams C-rarns Weight* Original Weight

5.287

5-447

Conditioned Weight

4.983

5.010

Moisture Grease

.304 .-492

8.02**

Average Per cent by Weight*

6.89*"*

.437

9.87

.723

14.43

12.15

1.087

21.70

18.69

Suint

1 —1 0•

to

5- 75**

15.67

Dirt

2.415

48.46

1.532

30.58

39.52

Clean Wool

1.201

24.10

1.673

33.39

28.75

Total

4-889

98.10

5.015

100.10

99.11

* Percentages based on Conditioned Weights -**Moisture per cent based on Original Weights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

vi APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued)

COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 6 ’ Grade Three-eighths Blood •Fleece Weight 11.3 pounds Staple Length 3 1/4 inches Gross Laboratory Wei ghts in Grams Right Side

Left Side

46.449

Tare of Can Original Thimble Weight Final Thimble Weight Can, Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wool Weight

3.114

46.806 2.977

----

-----

53.867 53-539 53.010 52.390 51.683

53-794 53-492 53.026 52.315 51.700 48.824

48.630

Net Weights and Percentages Right Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Left Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Original Weight

4.304

4.011

Conditioned Weight

3.976

3.709

.302

Average Per cent

by Weight*

7.53**

Moisture

.328

Grease

.529

13.30

.466

12.56

12.93

Suint

.620

15.59

.711

19.17

17.38

Dirt

•707

17.78

.561

15.13

I6.46

Clean Wool

2.181

54.85

2.018

54.41

54.63

Total

4.037

101.52

3.756

101.27

101.40

7.62#*

7-53**

Percentages based on Conditioned Wreights **Moisture per cent based on Original Wreights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

vii APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued)

COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 7 Grade One-half Blood Fleece Weight 9.6 pounds Staple Length 3 inches Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams Right Side

Left Side

46.806 3.520 3.807 53.737 53.437 53.143 52.615 51.839

47.846 3.647 3-721 52.660 52.570 52.432

Tare, of Can Original Thimble Weight Final Thimble Weight Can, Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned Weight of Raw Vfcol Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt ?/eight Final Clean Wool Weight

52.226 52.060 48-339

48.032

Net Weights and Percentages Right Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Left Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Original Weight

1.167

----

3.461

----

Conditioned Weight

1.077

----

3.111

----

Average Per cent

6y Weight*

Moisture

.090

.7.71**

.350

10.11**

Grease

.138

12.81

.289

9.29

11.05

Suint

.206

19.13

.533

17.13

18.13

Dirt

.240

22.28

I.O63

34.17

28.25

Clean Wool

.493

45.78

1.226

39.14

42.46

1.077

100.00

3.111

99.73

99.89

Total

\

* Percentages based on Conditioned Weights ■;H;-Moisture per cent based on Original Weights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

8.91**

viii APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued)

COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 8 Grade Three-eighths Blood Fleece Weight 14*4 pounds Staple Length 3 1/2 inches Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams

•

Right Side

46.806 2.720 2.608

Tare of Can Original Thimble 'Weight Final Thimble Weight Can, Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wool Weight

53-903 53-493 53.330 52.392 51-459 48.851

Left Side

47.827 ■

2.564 2.178 55-220 54.736 54.140 53.364

52.811 50.005

Net Weights and Percentages Right Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Left Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grarns Weight*

Original Weight

4.377

4.829

Conditioned Weight

3.967

4.345

Average Per cent by Weight*

Moisture

.410

9.37*#

.484

10.02**

Grease

.163

4.11

.596

13.72

8.92

Suint

•938

23.65

.776

17.86

20.75

Dirt

.821

20.70

.795

18.30

19.50

Clean Wool

2.045

51-55

2.178

50.13

50.84

Total

3.967

100.01

4-345

100.01

100.01

* Percentages based on Conditioned Weights **Moisture per cent based on Original Vtfeights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

.9.70**

ix APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued)

COMMERCIAL TOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 9 Grade Fleece Weight Staple Length

Fine 9-4 pounds 2 inches

Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams Left Side

Right Side Tare of Can Original Thimble Weight Final Thimble Weight Can, Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wool Weight

46.820 3-586 3.763 54.491 54.272 53.914 52.992 51.500 47-737

47*827 2.770 3.014 $6,183 55.681 55.164 53.327 52.617 49.603

Net 'Weights and Percentages Right Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams . Weight-*

Left Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Original 'Weight

5.586 '

----

4.085

----

Conditioned Weight

5.084

----

3.866

----

Moisture

.502

Grease

.517

Suint

8.89**

Average Per cent by Weight*

.219

5.36**

7.13**

10.17

.358

9.26

9.72

1.337

26.30

.922

23.85

25.08

Dirt

1.454

28.60

I .669

43-17

35.89

Clean Wool

1.776

34.93

.917

23.72

29-33

Total

5.084

100.00

3.866 100.00

100.02

-x- Percentages based on Conditioned Weights **Moisture per cent based on Original Weights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

X

APPENDIX TABLE NO. I ( Continued )

COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 10 Grade Fine Fleece Weight 11.46 pounds Staple Length

2 inches

Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams Right Side

Left Side

46.806

Tare of Can Original Thimble Weight Final Thimble Weight Can, Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wool Weight

47.827 3.542 3.623 54.644 54.323 53.936 53.451 52.815 49.192

3.036 3.281 53-538 53.297 53-000

52.648 50.989 47.708

Net Weights and Percentages Right Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight-*

Left Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Original Weight

3.696

— --

3.275

----

Conditioned Weight

3.455

----

2.954

----

Average Per cent Weight*

Moisture

.241

6.52#*

.333

10.17**

Grease

.297

8.60

.387

13.10

10.85

Suint

.352

10.19

..485

16.42

13.31

1.904

55.01

.717

24.27

39.64

.902

26.11

I .365

46.21

36.16

3.455

99-91

2.954

100.00

99.96

Dirt Clean Wool Total

* Percentages based on Conditioned Yfeights **Moisture per cent based on Original 'Weights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

8.35**

xi APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued)

COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 11 Grade Three-eighths Blood Fleece Weight 10.4 pounds Staple Length 3 inches Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams

Tare of Can Original Thimble 'Weight Final Thimble Weight Can3 Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wool Weight

Right Side

Left Side

46.449

46.806 32.48 3.353 .52.773 52.459 52.310 51.750 51.510 48.157

3.745 3-775 53-087 52.733 52.534 51.837 51.708 47.933

Net Weig its and Percentages Right Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight#

Left Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight#

Original Weight

2.893

2.719

Conditioned Weight

2.539

2.405

Average Per cent by Weight#

Moisture

•354

12.24**

•314

11.55##

11.90*#

Grease

.199

7.84

.149

6.20

7.12

Suint

.647

25.48

.560

23.28

.24.38

Dirt

.209

8.23

.345

14,35

11.29

Clean Wool

1.434

53.45

1.351

56.17

57.31

Total

2.539

100.00

2.405

100.00

100.00

# Percentages based on Conditioned Weights ##Moisture per cent based on Original Weights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

xii APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued)

COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 12 Grade Fine Fleece Weight 13*10 pounds Staple Length 2 3/4 inches Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams Right Side Tare of Can Original Thimble Weight Final Thimble Weight Can, Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned 'Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wool Weight

Left Side 47*827 3*277 3.511 55*119 54*844 54*411 53*742 52.458 48.947

46.449 3*316 3*419 $2,297 52.080 52.719 51*253 50.757 47*338

Net Weights and Per•centages Right Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

..Left Side Per cent Actual Weight by Grams Weight*

Original Weight

2.532

4.015

Conditioned Weight

2.315

3.740 6.70**

7.64**

Moisture

.217

Grease

.361

15.59

•433

11.58

13.59

Suint

.466

20.13

.669

17.89

19.01

Dirt

.599

25.87

1.518

40.59

33.23

Clean Wool

.889

38.40

1.120

29.95

34.18

2.315

99-99

3.740

100.01

100.01

Total

.269

Average Per cent by Weight*

8.57**

* Percentages based on Conditioned Weights **Moisture per cent based on Original Weights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

xiii APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued) COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEER NO. 13 (livnln Tlit'CM!--oIgh 11in Blood (•'lotii'c WnigliL LA.00 pounds Staple Length 5 l/2 inches

Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams Left Side

Right Side 46.806 3.294 3-419 54-452 54-033 53-675 52.928 52.075

Tare of Can Original Thimble Weight Final Thimble Weight Can, Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wool Weight

46.449 3-749 3-779 54-416 53-986 53.634 52.900 52.270 48.49-1

48.656

Net Weights and Percentages Right Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Left Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Weight* -----

Original "Weight

4-352

----

4-218

----

Conditioned Weight

3-933

----

3.788

----

Average Per cent

Moisture

.419

9.63**

.430

10.19**

C-rease

.365

9.28

•352

9.29

9.29

Suint

.747

18.99

.734

19.38

19.19

Dirt

.978

24.87

.660

17.42

21.15

Clean Wool

1.850

47.04

2.042

53.91

50.48

Total

3.940

100.18

3.788

100.0

* Percentages based on Conditioned Weights **Moisture per cent based on Original Weights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

9.91**

100.11

xiv APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued) COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 14 Grade Fine Fleece Weight 13.6 pounds Staple Length 2 l/2 inches Gross Laboratory Weights In Grams Left Side

Right Side Tare of Can Original Thimble Weight Final Thimble Weight Can, Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wool Weight

46.468 3.622

47-327 3.404 3.524 53-337 53-084 52.826 52.520 52.079 48.555

3.721 51.626 51.493 51.306 51.075 50.838 47.117

Net Weights and Percentages Right Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Left Side Per cent Actual Weight by Grams Weight*

Original Weight

2.106

1.536

Conditioned Weight

1.853

1.403

Average Per ceni 6y Weight*

Moisture

.253

12.01**

•133

8.66

Grease

.258

13.92

.187

13.33

13.63

Suint

.306

16.51

.232

16.54

16.53

Dirt

.561

30.28

•336

23.95

27.12

Clean Wool

.728

39.29

.649

46.28

42.79

1.853

100.00

1.404

100.10

100.07

Total

* Percentages based on Conditioned Weights **Moisture per cent based on Original Weights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

10.34**

XV

APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued) COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 15 Grade Fine Fleece Weight 12.85 pounds Staple Length 3 1/4 inches Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams Left Side

Right Side Tare of Can Original Thimble. Weight Final Thimble ’Weight Can, Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wool Weight

46.806

47.827 3.369 3.465 54-684 54.391 54.076 53.563 52.729 49.264

3.366 3-849 54.177 53-892 53.642 53-145

52.042 48.193

Net Weights and Percentages

Original Weight

Right Side Actual Per cent by Weight . Grams Weight*

Left Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

3.488

4.005

Average Per cent by Weight*

,

Conditioned Weight

3.720

3.195

Moisture

.293

8 .40**

.285

7 .12**

7.76**

Grease

.315

9.86

.250

6.72

8.29

Suint

.513 .

16.06

•497

13.36

14.71

Dirt

.930

29.11

1.586

42.63

35-87

Clean Wool

1.437

45.00

1.387

37-28

41.14

Total

3.195

100.03

3.720

99.99

100.01

* Percentages based on Conditioned Weights **Moisture per cent based on Original Weights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

xvi APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued) COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 16 Grade One-half Blood Fleece Weight 15*75 pounds Staple Length 2 1/2 inches Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams Left Side

Right Side

47*827 3*330 3*475 54*882 54*624 54*262 53.602 52.725 49.250

46*449 3*294 3*396 52.959 52.682 52.295 51*623 51.132 47*736

Tare of Can Original Thimble Weight Final Thimble Weight Can, Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wrool Weight

Net Weights and Percentages Right Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Left Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams •Weight*

Original Weight

3.216

3.725

----

Conditioned Weight

2.939

3.467

----

----

.258

8.61**

6.93**

Average Per cent by Weight*

7.77**

Moisture

.277

Grease

.387

13.17

.362

10.44

11.81

Suint

.672

22.86

'.660

19.04

20.95

Dirt

.593

20.18

1.022

29.48

24.83

Clean Wool

1.287

43.79

1.423

41.04

42.42 ’

Total

2.939

100.00

3.467

100.00

* Percentages based on Conditioned Weights **Moisture per cent based on Original Weights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

100.01

xvii APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued) COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM"GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 17 Grade One-half Blood Fleece Weight 10.50 pounds Staple Length 3 inches Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams Right Side

Left Side

46.806 3.210

Tare of Can Original Thimble Weight Final Thimble Weight Can, Thimble and Raw Wool Conditioned Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wool Weight

47-827 3-363 3-360 53-759 53-580 53.392 53-217 52.385 49.025

3-233 52.990 52.758 52.573 52.377 51.442 48.209

Net Weights and Percentages Right Side Per cent Actual Weight by Grams Weight*

Left Side Per cent Actual Weight by Grams Weight*

Original Weight

2.974

2.569

Conditioned Weight

2.742

2.390

Average Per cent by Weight*

Moisture

.232

7.80**

.179

6.9?#*

7.39**

Grease

.135

6.75

.188

7.87

7.31

Suint

.188

6.86

.175

7.32

7-09

Dirt

.958

34.94

.829

34.69

34-82

Clean Wool

1.403

51.17

1.198

50.13

50.65

Total

2.734

99.72

2.390

100.01

99-87

*

Percentages based on Conditioned Weights Moisture per cent based on Original Weights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

x v iii

APPENDIX TABLE NO. I (Continued) COMMERCIAL WOOL SAMPLES FROM GRADE EWES SHEEP NO. 18 Grade Three-eighths Blood Fleece Weight 10.8 pounds Staple Length 3 inches Gross Laboratory Weights in Grams Right Side Tare ox Can Original Thimble Weight Final Thimble Wreight Can, Thimble and Raw Yfool Conditioned Weight of Raw Wool Final Grease Weight Final Suint Weight Final Dirt Weight Final Clean Wool Weight

Left Side

46.449

46.449

3.627 3.633 54.310 53.959 53-599 52.883 $2,227 48.594

3.732 3-784 52.711

52.502 52.247 51.854 51.523 47.739

Net Weights and Percentages Right Side Actual Per cent Weight by Grams Weight*

Left Side Actual Per cent Weight by Weight* Grams

Original Weight

4.234

2.530

Conditioned.Weight

3.883

2.322 8 . 26* *

Average Per cenf by Weight*

Moisture

.351

8 .2 9 * *

.209

Grease

.360

9.27

.255

10.99

10.13

Suint

.716

18.44

•393

16.93

17.69

Dirt

.662

17.05

•383

16.49

16.77

Clean Wool

2.145

55.24

1.290

55.58

55.41

Total

3.883

100.00

2.321 • 99.99

100.00

* Percentages based on Conditioned Weights *yMoisture per cent based on Original Weights

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

8 .2 8 * *

xix

APPENDIX TABLE NO. II THE PERCENTAGE OF MOISTURE, GREASE, SUINT, DIRT, AND YIELD BY COMMERCIAL WOOL GRADE Fine Staple Sheep No.

Grease

Suint

Dirt

Yield

6.89 7.13 8.35 7-64 10.34 7.76

12.15 9.72 10.85 13.59

39.52 35.89 39.64 33.23 27.12 33-87

28.75

13.63 8.29

18.69 25.03 13.31 19.01 16.53 14.71

34-18 42.79 41.14

48.11 8.02

68.23 11.37

107.33 17-89

211.27 35.21

212.35 35.39

Suint

Dirt

Yield

19.58 21.30 18.13 20.95 7.09

28.89 19.23 34 -66 28.25 24.83 34.82

41.56 43-73 34.17

110.33 18.39

170.68 28.45

254.99 42.50

Dirt

Yield

34.90 19.50 11.29 21.15 16.77

38.63 54.63 50.84 57.31 50.48 55.41

120.07

307.30

20.01

51.22

Moisture

5 9 10 12 14 15 Total Average

29.33 36.16

()ne-Half Bloc d Staple Sheep •No.

Moisture

1 2 '3 7 16 17 Total Average

Grease

11.65 8.19 5.94 8.91 7.77 7-39

9.96 13.96 9.67 11.05 11.81 7.31

49.85 8.31

63.76 10.63

.

23.08

42.46 42.42 50.65

Thi-ee-Eighths Elood Staple Sheep No.

Moisture

4 6 8 11 13 18 Total Average

,

Grease

Suint

7.58 . 7.58 9-70 11.90 9.91 8.23

5-98 12.93 8.92 7.02 9.29 10.13

20.39 17.38 20.75 24.38 19.19 17.69

54.95 9.16

54.27 9.05

119.78 19.96

16.46

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.

XX

APPENDIX TABLE NO. II (Continued) THE PERCENTAGE OF MOISTURE, GREASE, SUINT, DIRT, AND YIELD BY COMMERCIAL WOOL GRADE

Average of All Grades

Moisture

Grease

Suint

Dirt

Yield

8.50

10.35

13-75

27.89

43-04

Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.