Trial of the Organizers, Leaders and Members of the Polish Diversionist Organizations in the Rear of the Red Army on the Territory of Poland, Lithuania, and the Western Regions of Byelorussia and the Ukraine

Citation preview

OF THE ORGANIZERS, LEADERS AND MEMBERS OF THE POLISH DIVERSIO NIST ORGANIZATIONS IN THE REAR OF THE RED ARMY ON 1'HE TERRITOR Y OF POLAND, LITHUANI A, AND THE WESTERN REGIONS OF BYELO RUSSIA AND THE UKRAINE

HEARD BEFORE THE MILITARY COLLEGIU M OF THE SUPREME COURT OF THE U.S.S.R. jUNE 18-21, 1945

VERBATIM REPORT

First published in Russian by the Publishing House ef the People's Commissariat of Justice of the U.S.S.R.

Moscow, 1945

HUTCHINSO N & CO. (Publishers), LTD. LONDON

: :

NEW YORK

: :

MELBOURNE

; :

SYDNEY

TRIAL OF THE ORGANIZERS, LEADERS AND MEMBERS. OF THE POLISH DIVERSIONIST ORGANIZATIONS IN THE REAR OF THE RED ARMY ON THE TERRITORY OF POLAND, LITHUANIA, AND THE WESTERN REGIONS OF BYELORUSSIA AND THE UKRAINE

THIS BOOK IS PRODU CED IN COMPL ETE CONFO RMITY WITH THE AUTHO RIZED ECONO MY STAND ARDS

PRIN TED IN GREAT BRITA IN, AT THE ANCHO R PRESS, TIPTRE E,

::

m;SEX

::

REPORT OF COURT PROCEEDINGS CONTENTS PAGE

MORNING· SF;SSION, JU NE 18, J:9 45 • • • opening of the Trial • • • • • • Indictment • Examination of the Accused Jasiukowicz • Examination of the Accused Bien • Examination of the Accused Jankowski •

•

•

•

•

•

9

•

•

•

•

•

II

•

•

•

•

•

35

•

•

•

•

•

46

•

•

•

•

•

53

•

•

•

•

68

•

•

•

•

70

•

•

•

•

80

•

•

•

•

90

•

•

•

•

92

•

•

•

•

94

•

•

•

•

95

•

•

•

•

•

99

•

•

•

•

•

103

•

•

•

•

•

105

•

•

•

•

•

108

•

•

•

•

•

110

•

•

•

•

•

Ill

•

•

•

•

•

133

•

•

•

•

•

139

•

•

•

•

•

145

•

•

•

•

•

151

•

•

•

•

•

157

•

•

•

•

•

159

•

•

•

•

•

162

•

•

•

•

•

164

•

•

•

•

•

167

•

•

•

•

•

170

•

•

•

•

•

172

EV EN ING SES SIO N, JU NE 18

Examination of the Accused Jankowski [cont.] • • Examination of the Witness German • • Examination of the Witness Janson • Examination of the Witness Kuzminski • • Examination of the Witness Swieczltowski • Examination of the Witness Grolinska • • Examination of the Witness Stankiewicz . MO RN ING SES SIO N, JU NE 19

Examination of the Witness Dzialynski • Examination of the Witness Lotarewicz • • Examination of the Witness Kolenda Examination of the Witness Urbanowicz . Examination of the Witness Niewierowski • Examination of the Accused Okulicki Examination of the Accused Zwierzynski Examination of the Accused Urbanski • EV EN ING SES SIO N, JU NE 19

Examination of the Accused Czarnowski • • Examination of the Accused Baginski • Examination of the Accused Mierzwa Examination of the Accused Khacinski • Examinati"On of the Accused Kobylanski • Examination of the Accused Stemler-JJombski Examination of the Accused Mik'halowski Examination of the Accused Stypulkowsfei • Examination of the Accused Puzhak 5

PAGE

MORNIN G SESSION , JUNE 20

. r78 . . • . . Conclusion of }udiciaJ, Examination Speech for the Prosecution by M-ajor-General N. P. Afanasyev, of the . 180 judicia l Service, Chief Military Procurator of the Red Army. Speech for the Prosecution by State Counsellor 2nd Rank R. A. Rudenko 199 . 204 . • . . Speech in Defence by Accused Okulicki . . 210 . . . . Speech for the Defence by I. D. Braude . EVENING SESSION , JUNE 20

Speech/or the Defence by S. F. Plevako • Speech for the Defence by N. N. Milovidov Speech for the Defenc~ by V. P. Markevich Speech for the Defence by V. I. Mikhalsky Speech for the Defence by M. A. Otsep • • Speech for the Defence by S. K. Kaznacheyev Speech in Defence by Accused Jankowski Speech in Defence by Accused Stypulkowski Final Plea of the Accused Okulicki • Final Plea of the Accused Stemler-Dombski Final Plea of the Accused Jankowski • Final Plea of the Accused Kobylanski • Final Plea of the Accused Bien • • Final Plea of the Accused Mikhalowski • Final Plea of the Ac'iused ]asiukowicz • Final Plea of the Accused Urbanski • Final Plea of the Accused Puzhak. • Final Plea of the Accused Khacinski • Final Plea of the Accused Zwierzynski • Final Plea of the Accused Czarnowski • Final Plea of the Accused Baginski • Final Plea of the Accused Mierzwa • Final Plea of the Accused Stypulkowski . The Verdict

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

213

•

•

•

•

•

214

•

•

•

•

•

216

•

•

•

•

•

217

•

•

•

•

•

218

•

•

•

•

•

220

•

•

•

•

•

222

•

•

•

•

•

224

•

•

•

•

•

227

•

•

•

•

•

227

•

•

•

•

•

227

•

•

•

•

•

229

•

•

•

•

•

229

•

•

•

•

•

230

•

•

•

•

•

230

•

•

•

•

•

231

•

•

•

•

•

~32

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

• •

232 232 233 233 234 234

E H T F O T R U O C E H T F O N IO C O M P O S IT E H T F O M IU G E L L O C Y R A M IL IT SUPREME C O U R T O F T H E U.S.S.R. PRESIDENT: Colonel-General of th e Ju di ci al Service V. V. U LR IC H . .R .S .S U e th of t ur Co e em pr Su e th of um gi lle President of the Military Co

M E M B E R S OF T H E COURT: Major-General of th e Ju di ci al Service L. D. D M IT R IE V Colonel of th e Ju di ci al Service I. V. DETISTOV . .R .S .S U e th of t ur Co e em pr Su e th of um gi lle Members of tke Military Co SE C R ETA R IE S:

Colonel of th e Ju di ci al Service A. A. B A TN E R Lieutenant-Colonel of th e J uclicial Service L. N . KUDRYAVTSEV

FOR THE PROSECUTION: Major-General of th e Ju di ci al Service N. P. AFANASYEV y rm A ed R e th of or at ur oc Pr ry ta ili M f ie Ch e ic rv Se al ci di Ju e th of k an R d 2n r llo se un Co St at e R. A. R U D EN K O

FOR THE DEFENCE: , V O ID V O IL M . N . N , Y K LS A H IK M I. I. D. BRAUDE, V. EP TS O . A . M , H IC EV K R A M P. V. , EV S. K. KAZNACHEY an d S. F. PL EVAKO e nc efe D of um gi lle Co w sco ..o M e th of rs be Mem 7

LIST OF ILLUSTRA TIONS FACING PAGE

•

•

•

•

•

•

96

Group of foreign correspondents at the trial

•

•

•

•

•

97

Foreign correspondents at the trial

•

•

•

•

•

176

•

177

The Courtroom during the trial .

•

•

•

American and English correspondents sending out reports of the trial

Chief Red Army Procurator, Major-General N. P. Afanasyev, speaking . . . in his capacity as public prosecutor at the trial

180

Public prosecutor, State Counsel Second Clc\ss R. A. Rudenko

•

I8I

I. D. Braude, of the Moscow Bar Association, Counsel for the defendants . . . . . . . . Bien and Jasiukowicz .

210

Attorney I. D. Braude (left) talking to his clients Bien (centre) and . . . . . . . . . . Jasiukowicz

211

•

President of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Cou;rt of the U.S.S.R., . 236 Cblonel-General V. V. Ulrich, reading the verdict and sentence . The defendants listening to the sentence

•

•

•

•

•

•

237

•

M O R N IN G• SE SS IO N , JU N E 18 , 1945 /

' e. ris e .S ea Pl g. in m co is rt ou C e Th : £t ou C \e C om m an da nt of tJ T he Pr es id en t: B e se at ed .

,

1

e em pr Su he "'t of um gi lle Co ry ta ili M e th of I he re by de cl ar e th e session is d fi he be to se ca . he T . en op s lic ub ep R t is al ci Co ur t of th e U ni on of So vi et So th at of " 6,•58 9; an d 6 , 58 58 es cl rti A by d r~ ve co es im cr ith w d ge ar ch I: L. O K U LI C K , ; R. S~ F. 1 S. R. e th of de Co al in im Cr e 58 1 of th d re ve co es im er ith w d ge ar ?h \< Z, IC W O K U SI JA JA N K O W SK I, B IE N , 11• of th e Cr im in al Co qe o.f th e R .S .F .S .R . ; 9 8 58 d an , by Articles 58 , 58 , , A ZW R IE M J, SK IN G A B ~, S~ YN RZ IE ZW PUZHAK..,. 1 . P A JD A K , ~. AL KH MI , KI NS BA U~ I, SK IN C A H K I, SK W O ST Y PU LK O W SK I, CZARN es im cr ! ith w d ge ar ch I, SK B M O -D R LE O W SK I, K O B Y LA N SK I, ST EM 9 and 5811 of 8 , by vi rt ue of A rti cl e 17, an d A rti cl es 58 58 e covered by Afticl th e Ct jm in al Code of~the-R.S.F.S.R. ·, t? en es p~ d se cu ac e th l al Comr~de Se~retary, ar~ i on nt A of n io pt ce ex e til ith w t, en e5 pr e ar d se cu T he Se cr et ar y: 1f fi ··the ac . ss ne ill to e du t ur co in ar pe ap to e bl ia m is ho Pa jd ak , w e th s nd ha , ice rv Se al ci di Ju ~ th of er tn Ba l ne lo Co t, ur (The Secretary of the Co ' e Th . ak jd Pa d se cu ac e th f 'o ss ne ill , th'e g in fy rti ce t President the trtedical statemen , t.) ur Co e th of rs be em m r he tJt e th to t en President shows this statem /. .. to ak jd Pa d se cu ac of re ilu fa e ·th es iz gn T he Pr es id en t: Th e Co ur t reco e th ve ha ey th at th d se ~u ac e th to n ai pl ex t us ap pe ar .in C ou rt as justified. I m ' h. liS Po ,, ge ua ng la e tiv na ' r· ei th in rt pa in or rig ht to give th ei r te st im on y wholly ' ~ . There ar e interpreterS t'p re se nt t? en m ct di In e th of py co ~ ed iv ce re u yo ve ha , · Accused Okulicki ·~ O xu li ck i: I ~ave. a ed iv ce re u yo . ve na i, sk ow nk Ja ed us cc A T he Pr es id en t: B e se at ed . " copy of th e In di ct m en t? .. Ja nk ow sk i: I ha ve . f ,.o py co a · ed iv ~e re u yo ve ha , en Bi ed us T he Pr es id en t: B e se at ed . Acc • : ? t en m ct th e In di } B ie n : I ha ve . .a ed iv ce re ou ·y ve ha z, ic qw uk si Ja ed us cc A . ed at T he Pr es id en t: B e se '· copy of th e In di ct m en t ? Ja si uk ow ic z: I ha ve. bf py co a ed iv ce re u yo ve ha , ak zh Pu ep us tc A T he Pr es id en t: .Be se at ed . th e In di ct m en t ? \ J> uz ha k: Yes. • a ed iv ce re u yo ve ha i, sk yn rz ie Zw ed us cc A . ed at T he Pr es id en t: B e se co py of th e in di ct m en t ? , . ve Z w ie rz yn sk i : I ha py co a ed iv ~e "e J . u yo ve ha , ki fts gi Ba ed us cc . A t : Be se at ed en id es Pr he T • of th e In di ct m en t? .. ", , . ve ha , . B ag in sk i: I py co a ed iv ce re u" yo ~ ve ha a, w rz ie M ed us ~ T he Pr es id en t: B e se at ed . Acc of th e In di ct m en t ? I • .. 9 ... •

t

'

.!I

•

.j

...

Mierzwa: I have. The President: Be seated. Accused Stypulkowski, have you received a

•

copy of the Indictment,? Stypulkowski: I have. The President: Be seated. ·Accused Czamowski, havf% you . received a ~opy of th~· Indictment?

-

Czarnowski: I have. r Tile President: Be seated. Accused Khacinski! have yoq received a copy of the Indictment?

·

,

....

-

Khacinski: I have. The Presicfept: Be seated. Accused Urbanski, have you received a copy of the Indictment? * · · • Urbanskl: I have. The P.resident: 'Be seated. Accusesl, Miklialowski,· have you received a copy of the Irl ·ctment ?, Mikhalows i: I have.. . . ,, The President: Be seated. Accused K"'Obylanski, ·have you received' a . ..... copy of the Indicbnent ? ... lCobylanskJ: I have. • The President:, Be seated. Accused Stemler-Domoski, have you received !-. •

•

,.

l

i

•

a ·copy of the Indictment? Stemler-~oµibski:

....

I have. ,

•

•

The )>resident,: Be seated. The Prosecution .;in this case is conductes;l by the ~Chief Milit~y Procurato~ of the uild ,up cadres for the organ izatio n ·and to prese rve 'the arms for illegal work , anq for the prepa ration s for an insur rectio n ag~inst the U.S.S .R. ;. (2) to form arme d fighti ng detac hmen ts of not more than sixty perso ns each·, (3) to form terroristic, so-called liquid ation group s and carry out ten:oristic acts again st oppb nents of 't he AK and again st repre senta tives of the Sovie t Milit ary Comm and; (4) to train sabot age personnel to comm it acts of sabot age, but to comm it the same only durin g the perio d when the insur rectio n woul d be impe nding ; (5) to engag e in milit ary es:gionage and count er-esp ionag e work in ~he rear . of the Red Am1y ; (6) to prese rve the radio statio ns and maint ain·"r adio comm upica tion with the· High Comm and of the AK throu gh Lond on; (7) to carry on propa ganda , orally and in print , direc ted again st the U.S.S .R. (Vol. KX, pp. 15, 16)

.;

•

"In. the begin ning the Niepodleglosc was to be a milit ary and politi cal organization, but afterw ards it was to funct ion as a purel y milit ary organ ization, conce rning whicfi a speci al order of the High Comm and of the Armi a ' Krajowa was to be issuep.. .. Durin g his perso nal confr ontat ion with the accused Okulicki, Janson, the fonne r Comm andan t of the Lvov Obszar, testif ied: '' . . . . I must state that ill Wars aw l,also ·received speciai instru ction s terro ristic out ing carry in taken be to· was ution preca every that effect to,the .... acts ~gainst men and offi~ers of the Red Army and also again st repi-esenta tives of the SoVi et.aut horiti es, and that the blam e for these ·m urder s was tq be place d upoµ the Ukra inian natio nalis ts." (Vol. I, p. 2I2.)

'

\

In reply to the quest ion put to the accus ed Okulicki.. in this conn ettion as to whet her ~he had kno}Vledge of these instru ction s, the accus ed Okulicki. him. to n know were s ction admi tted that these instru . \ (Vol. I, pp. 21~-2I3.) The accus ed Jankowski testified as follows with regar d to his parti