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TIPI TIPI:
PHP
www.php-internal.com
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
reeze http://reeze.cn er http://www.zhangabc.com phppan http://www.phppan.com
TIPI:
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
TIPI:
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
PHP
PHP
PHP *nix
PHP Windows
PHP
PHP
PHP PHP
PHP PHP
PHP
PHP
PHP
PHP6
PHP
*nix
PHP (*nix
Unix
Linux
FreeBSD
OpenSolaris
Mac OS X
)
1.
PHP PHP
PHP
PHP
http://php.net/downloads.php
svn/git
svn/git
#svn cd ~ svn co http://svn.php.net/repository/php/php-src/branches/PHP_5_2 php-src-5.2 #5.2 svn co http://svn.php.net/repository/php/php-src/branches/PHP_5_3 php-src-5.3 #5.3 #git cd ~ git clone git://github.com/php/php-src.git php-src PHP (
)
PHP svn
SVN git
git (DVCS)
Python
DVCS
git
TIPI:
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
2. *nix
Ubuntu
apt
sudo apt-get install build-essential Mac OS
Xcode
Apple ID
Xcode
Mac OS X
http://developer.apple.com/
3. Apache
PHP
Mysql
svn/git buildconf cd ~/php-src ./buildconf configure
configure
./configure --help # PHP
./configure --disable-all
configure
PHP configure
configure
./configure --disable-all make *nix
configure make
make install
install
make install
configure
PHP
make
prefix
make
sapi/cli
php
. ./sapi/cli/php -n -v -n
php.ini
-v
make install prefix make
$PATH make install
php $prefix/bin/php php
php
TIPI:
make
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
php-src/sapi/cli/php
php-cli
configure make
linuxsir.org
PHP
make install
make
make && make install
http://www.linuxsir.org/main/doc/gnumake/GNUmake_v3.80-
zh_CN_html/index.html Autotools A Practioner's Guide
PHP PHP
PHP
:/ README /README.PHP4-TO-PHP5-THIN-CHANGES
PHP4
/CODING_STANDARDS
PHP5
PHP
build
buildconf
ext
PHP
main
array
PHP
pdo
PHP
spl
Zend
Zend Zend Zend
opcode
pear “PHP
”
PEAR
sapi
apache
TSRM PHP
TSRM
mod_php
PHP
cgi fastcgi *G
fpm TSRM
TSRM(Thread Safe Resource Manager) tests PHP
PHP
win32
Windows Windows
PHP tests
PHP phpt
/tests/basic/001
sokcet PHP PHP php
phpt
Windows
php
/run-tests php
*Nix
TIPI:
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
--TEST-Trivial "Hello World" test --FILE- --EXPECT-Hello World --FILE--
PHP
--EXPECT-Fatal Error php
system()
exec() php
proc_open()
PHP
VIM + Ctags Linux
*Nix
VIM Emacs
Emacs
Linux
ctags
ctags
: VIM
EMACS
UNIX
# PHP ( /server/php-src) $ cd /server/php-src $ ctags -R # #
:
tags ctags -R /server/
ctags
# ~/.vimrc : set tags+=/server/php-src/tags # vim : :set tags+=/server/php-src/tags /sever/php-src
tags
{tagname}{tagfile}{tagaddress} EG
Zend/zend_globals_macros.h
/^# define EG(/;"
d EG
VIM VIM
tags
tags
CTRL+]
TIPI:
Ctrl+] “
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
Ctrl+t
” VIM IDE Mac OS X
ctags
Mac OS X
ctags
ctags
homebrew
IDE VIM
IDE
Studio 2010 Express
Eclipse
Windows
Netbeans Eclipse
Netbeans
VS
Visual
CTRL
win32 Win32 Console Application
F12 CTRL + F12 F3: Shift+F3: Ctrl+G: CTRL + CTRL + SHIFT + Editplus Editplus
...
PHP PHP
1. "##"
"#" C/C++ PHP
"##"
"#"
TIPI:
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
(##) C
"##"
concatenator
(Token)
#define PHP_FUNCTION ZEND_FUNCTION #define ZEND_FUNCTION(name) ZEND_NAMED_FUNCTION(ZEND_FN(name)) #define ZEND_FN(name) zif_##name #define ZEND_NAMED_FUNCTION(name) void name(INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS) #define INTERNAL_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS int ht, zval *return_value, zval **return_value_ptr, \ zval *this_ptr, int return_value_used TSRMLS_DC PHP_FUNCTION(count); // PHP_FUCNTION(count); void zif_count(int ht, zval *return_value, zval **return_value_ptr, zval *this_ptr, int return_value_used TSRMLS_DC) ZEND_FN(name)
"##"
zif
name
(#) "#" (Token) : #define STR(x) #x int main(int argc char** argv) { printf("%s\n", STR(It's a long string)); // return 0; } It's a long string
2.
STR
do-while PHP
PHP5.3
It's a long str
printf
TIPI:
#define ALLOC_ZVAL(z) do { (z) = (zval*)emalloc(sizeof(zval_gc_info)); GC_ZVAL_INIT(z); } while (0)
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
\ \ \ \
do{ }while(0)
PHP
C/C++ do-while
?
do-while
do{ }while(0) do-while
#define TEST(a, b)
false ?
a++;b++;
if (expr) TEST(a, b); else do_else();
if (expr) a++;b++; else do_else(); if-else
if
do-while
{}
if
TEST {} do-while(0)
do-while
"
"
PHP sapi\thttpd\thttpd.c
VEC_FREE(): #ifdef SERIALIZE_HEADERS # define VEC_FREE() smart_str_free(&vec_str) #else # define VEC_FREE() do {} while (0) #endif SERIALIZE_HEADERS
VEC_FREE()
VEC_FREE()
“
#ifdef DEBUG
”
Debug
TIPI:
PHP
# define LOG_MSG printf #else # define LOG_MSG(...) #endif DEBUG
LOG_MSG
printf
LOG_MSG()
3. #line #line 838 "Zend/zend_language_scanner.c" #line
__LINE__
838
__FILE__
Zend/zend_language_scanner.c
C
4.PHP PHP
PG()
EG()
PHP
$PHP_SRC/main/php_globals.h PG
PHP
#ifdef ZTS // # define PG(v) TSRMG(core_globals_id, php_core_globals *, v) extern PHPAPI int core_globals_id; #else # define PG(v) (core_globals.v) // extern ZEND_API struct _php_core_globals core_globals; #endif ZTS PHP struct _php_core_globals { zend_bool magic_quotes_gpc; //
GET/POST/Cookie
zend_bool magic_quotes_runtime; // zend_bool magic_quotes_sybase; zend_bool safe_mode;
//
Sybase
//
zend_bool allow_call_time_pass_reference; zend_bool implicit_flush; long output_buffering;
//
//
//
PHP (
)
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
TIPI:
char *safe_mode_include_dir; UID/GID zend_bool safe_mode_gid; // zend_bool sql_safe_mode; zend_bool enable_dl; // char *output_handler;
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
// UID dl()
dl()
PHP
apache
//
char *unserialize_callback_func;
// unserialize()
long serialize_precision;
//
char *safe_mode_exec_dir;
//
(
)
long memory_limit;
//
(
K M
) long max_input_time; ( )
//
(POST, GET, upload)
zend_bool track_errors; // zend_bool zend_bool zend_bool error_log long
$php_errormsg
display_errors; // display_startup_errors; log_errors; // log_errors_max_len;
//
//
zend_bool ignore_repeated_errors;
//
zend_bool ignore_repeated_source;
//
zend_bool report_memleaks; char *error_log; //
PHP
//
char *doc_root; //PHP ” ” char *user_dir; // php /~username char *include_path; // require(), include(), fopen_with_path() char *open_basedir; // PHP ( ) char *extension_dir;
//
char *upload_tmp_dir; // long upload_max_filesize;
(
)
PHP
//
char *error_append_string; // char *error_prepend_string; // char *auto_prepend_file; char *auto_append_file; //
//
arg_separators arg_separator; char *variables_order;
// PHP
//PHP
URL
Environment, GET, POST, Cookie,
Server HashTable rfc1867_protected_variables; main/rfc1867.c
//
RFC1867
TIPI:
short connection_status; short ignore_user_abort;
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
// //
unsigned char header_is_being_sent; // zend_llist tick_functions; // register_tick_function zval *http_globals[6];
//
zend_bool expose_php;
//
zend_bool zend_bool zend_bool ) zend_bool (
main
php_ticks.c
GET POST SERVER php
register_globals; // register_long_arrays; // register_argc_argv; //
E, G, P, C, S
auto_globals_jit; // )
zend_bool y2k_compliance; ) char *docref_root;
//
char *docref_ext;
//
(HTTP_*_VARS) ( GET
$argv $argc
$_SERVER $_ENV
//
2000 html_errors (
(
Y2K
PHP ’.')
zend_bool html_errors; // zend_bool xmlrpc_errors;
HTML
long xmlrpc_error_number; zend_bool activated_auto_globals[8]; zend_bool modules_activated; // zend_bool file_uploads; // HTTP zend_bool during_request_startup; // zend_bool allow_url_fopen; // zend_bool always_populate_raw_post_data; $HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA ( POST ) zend_bool report_zend_debug; // int last_error_type; // char *last_error_message; char *last_error_file; // int last_error_lineno; // char *disable_functions; char *disable_classes;
zend debug
main/main.c
//
//
//
zend_bool allow_url_include; zend_bool exit_on_timeout; // #ifdef PHP_WIN32 zend_bool com_initialized; #endif long max_input_nesting_level; zend_bool in_user_include; // char *user_ini_filename; long user_ini_cache_ttl; char *request_order;
//
//
// //
//
include/require
// ini ini variables_order
request
TIPI:
zend_bool mail_x_header; char *mail_log;
//
PHP
ext/standard/mail.c
zend_bool in_error_log; }; php.ini ini_get()
PHP
php.ini
ini_set()
PHP
PG G
PHP PHP
PHP
PHP
PHP PHP
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
TIPI:
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
PHP
Web PHP
PHP
PHP
PHP
PHP
Zend : SAPI SAPI(Server Application Programming Interface) PC
PHP
PC
PC
PHP
Web Apache
Nginx
Web
PHP
PHP
Web
PHP
Web PHP
SAPI Apache Apache
url
SAPI
mod_php SAPI
Apache
SAPI SAPI
PHP MINIT
SAPI
(
Apache
) RINIT RINIT
url PHP
PHP_MINIT_FUNCTION(myphpextension)
MINIT
MINIT
PHP
TIPI:
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
{ // return SUCCESS; } PHP
PHP PHP
RINIT
RINIT
MINIT
PHP_RINIT_FUNCTION(myphpextension) { // // return SUCCESS; } exit()
die()
PHP
(RSHUWDOWN RINIT)
SAPI
(MSHUTDOWN
Web
MINIT)
PHP_RSHUTDOWN_FUNCTION(myphpextension) { // return SUCCESS; }
SAPI CLI/CGI
PHP -
SAPI -
-
SAPI
2.1
TIPI:
2.1
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
SAPI
SAPI PHP
apache
PHP
Apache
Apache
fork fork
Apache -
2.2
2.2
SAPI
TIPI:
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
SAPI -
2.3
SAPI
Zend Zend
PHP
PHP PHP
facebook
hiphop
Web PHP Zend API
PHP
PHP
( )
PHP
(SAPI) Zend
Zend Zend API
PHP
PHP
PHP PHP
Zend
PHP
PHP
Zend
PHP PHP Java JVM
JVM PHP
IBM
Project Zero
.NET HipHop
PHP C
Ruby PHP
PHP ZendAPI
Pear
HipHop
PHP
TIPI:
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
Extending and Embedding PHP
SAPI PHP
SAPI PHP Apache
SAPI
PHP
mod_php
fastcgi SAPI
_sapi_module_struct
SAPI
SAPI
PHP
SAPI
2.4
SAPI
2.4 SAPI cgi
apache2
cgi_sapi_module.startup(&cgi_sapi_module)
//
cgi
cgi/cgi_main.c
apache2_sapi_module.startup(&apache2_sapi_module); // apache2 apache2handler/sapi_apache2.c cgi_sapi_module
sapi_module_struct
php_cgi_startup
startup
startup
struct _sapi_module_struct { char *name; // char *pretty_name; // int (*startup)(struct _sapi_module_struct *sapi_module); int (*shutdown)(struct _sapi_module_struct *sapi_module); int (*activate)(TSRMLS_D); // int (*deactivate)(TSRMLS_D);
// //
//
int (*ub_write)(const char *str, unsigned int str_length TSRMLS_DC); // (unbuffered write) void (*flush)(void *server_context); // flush
TIPI:
struct stat *(*get_stat)(TSRMLS_D); // get uid char *(*getenv)(char *name, size_t name_len TSRMLS_DC); // void (*sapi_error)(int type, const char *error_msg, ...); handler */
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
getenv /* error
int (*header_handler)(sapi_header_struct *sapi_header, sapi_header_op_enum op, sapi_headers_struct *sapi_headers TSRMLS_DC);
/* header handler */
/* send headers handler */ int (*send_headers)(sapi_headers_struct *sapi_headers TSRMLS_DC); void (*send_header)(sapi_header_struct *sapi_header, void *server_context TSRMLS_DC); /* send header handler */ int (*read_post)(char *buffer, uint count_bytes TSRMLS_DC); /* read POST data */ char *(*read_cookies)(TSRMLS_D); /* read Cookies */ /* register server variables */ void (*register_server_variables)(zval *track_vars_array TSRMLS_DC); void (*log_message)(char *message); time_t (*get_request_time)(TSRMLS_D); void (*terminate_process)(TSRMLS_D); char *php_ini_path_override;
//
/* Log message */ /* Request Time */ /* Child Terminate */ ini
... ... }; Apache2 static sapi_module_struct apache2_sapi_module = { "apache2handler", "Apache 2.0 Handler", php_apache2_startup, php_module_shutdown_wrapper,
/* startup */ /* shutdown */
... } PHP 2.5
IIS
Web
TIPI:
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
2.5 SAPI PHP
SAPI
PHP
SAPI PECL
APC
SAPI
SAPI.c
SAPI.h
sapi_module PHP zend_module_entry
PHP sapi_module_struct
PHP
zend_module_entry
request_startup_func VLD
PHP_RINIT
request_startup_func
PHP_RINIT(vld),
PHP_RINIT_FUNCTION(vld) { }
SAPI
Apache Apache
Apache
Web Web
Apache
TIPI:
mod_auth mod_rewrite
URL
Perl Python
Tcl
PHP
mod_ssl SSL
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
TLS
Apache
Apache
PHP
Apache
mod_php5
mod_php5
Apache
Apache apache2
PHP
PHP
Apache
PHP
ap_hook_post_config
mod_php5
Apache
PHP
PHP
Apache HUP
AP_SIG_GRACEFUL Apache
mod_so
mod_so
Apache
Apache Apache
mod_php5
Apache
httpd.conf LoadModule php5_module modules/mod_php5.so LoadModule HUP AP_SIG_GRACEFUL
Apache
Apache Apache
“mod_”
Apache
PHP mod_php5.c
Apache
name
module
STANDARD20_MODULE_STUFF
module
__FILE__
mod_php5 Apache
Apache module
magic magic
Apache magic
MODULE_MAGIC_COOKIE
STANDARD20_MODULE_STUFF MODULE_MAGIC_COOKIE
#define MODULE_MAGIC_COOKIE 0x41503232UL /* "AP22" */ Apache
(ap_add_loaded_module)
(ap_top_modules
Apache
PHP
ap_top_modules
Apache
Apache2
mod_php5
TIPI:
Apache2
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
mod_php5
Apache2
mod_php5
sapi/apache2handler
sapi/apache2filter
apache2_handle/mod_php5.c AP_MODULE_DECLARE_DATA module php5_module = { STANDARD20_MODULE_STUFF, /* __FILE__ */ create_php_config, /* create per-directory config structure */ merge_php_config, /* merge per-directory config structures */ NULL, /* create per-server config structure */ NULL, /* merge per-server config structures */ php_dir_cmds, /* */ php_ap2_register_hook /* ap_hoo_ */ }; Apache
module
module
typedef struct module_struct module; struct module_struct { int version; int minor_version; int module_index; const char *name; void *dynamic_load_handle; struct module_struct *next; unsigned long magic; void (*rewrite_args) (process_rec *process); void *(*create_dir_config) (apr_pool_t *p, char *dir); void *(*merge_dir_config) (apr_pool_t *p, void *base_conf, void *new_conf); void *(*create_server_config) (apr_pool_t *p, server_rec *s); void *(*merge_server_config) (apr_pool_t *p, void *base_conf, void *new_conf); const command_rec *cmds; void (*register_hooks) (apr_pool_t *p); } mod_php5.c STANDARD20_MODULE_STUFF
8
STANDARD20_MODULE_STUFF /** Use this in all standard modules */ #define STANDARD20_MODULE_STUFF MODULE_MAGIC_NUMBER_MAJOR, \ MODULE_MAGIC_NUMBER_MINOR, \ -1, \ __FILE__, \ NULL, \ NULL, \ MODULE_MAGIC_COOKIE, \ NULL /* rewrite args spot */ php5_module
php_dir_cmds
const command_rec php_dir_cmds[] =
TIPI:
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
{ AP_INIT_TAKE2("php_value", php_apache_value_handler, NULL, OR_OPTIONS, "PHP Value Modifier"), AP_INIT_TAKE2("php_flag", php_apache_flag_handler, NULL, OR_OPTIONS, "PHP Flag Modifier"), AP_INIT_TAKE2("php_admin_value", php_apache_admin_value_handler, NULL, ACCESS_CONF|RSRC_CONF, "PHP Value Modifier (Admin)"), AP_INIT_TAKE2("php_admin_flag", php_apache_admin_flag_handler, NULL, ACCESS_CONF|RSRC_CONF, "PHP Flag Modifier (Admin)"), AP_INIT_TAKE1("PHPINIDir", php_apache_phpini_set, NULL, RSRC_CONF, "Directory containing the php.ini file"), {NULL} }; mod_php5
command_rec
Apache mod_php5
php_value
5
php_ap2_register_hook void php_ap2_register_hook(apr_pool_t *p) { ap_hook_pre_config(php_pre_config, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE); ap_hook_post_config(php_apache_server_startup, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE); ap_hook_handler(php_handler, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE); ap_hook_child_init(php_apache_child_init, NULL, NULL, APR_HOOK_MIDDLE); } pre_config pre_config
post_config
post_config
handler
child_init
handler
post_config php_apache_server_startup php_apache2_startup php_module_startup treat_data
(
php
php_apache_server_startup
sapi_startup
sapi
sapi module struct PHP
ZEND
zend_module_struct
php_startup_sapi_content_types) Apache
mod_php5
child_init 4
mod_php5
Apache
SAPI
sapi_module_struct
:
static sapi_module_struct apache2_sapi_module = { "apache2handler", "Apache 2.0 Handler", php_apache2_startup, php_module_shutdown_wrapper, NULL, NULL, php_apache_sapi_ub_write, php_apache_sapi_flush, php_apache_sapi_get_stat, php_apache_sapi_getenv,
/* startup */ /* shutdown */
/* activate */ /* deactivate */ /* /* /* /*
unbuffered write */ flush */ get uid */ getenv */
TIPI:
php_error,
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
/* error handler */
php_apache_sapi_header_handler, /* header handler */ php_apache_sapi_send_headers, /* send headers handler */ NULL, /* send header handler */ php_apache_sapi_read_post, php_apache_sapi_read_cookies,
/* read POST data */ /* read Cookies */
php_apache_sapi_register_variables, php_apache_sapi_log_message, /* Log message */ php_apache_sapi_get_request_time, /* Request Time */ NULL, /* Child Terminate */ STANDARD_SAPI_MODULE_PROPERTIES }; Apache
cookie
Cookie
Apache
SAPI
PHP read_cookies
SG(request_info).cookie_data = sapi_module.read_cookies(TSRMLS_C); sapi_module apache2_sapi_module
read_cookies
Apache
sapi_module
php_apache_sapi_read_cookies
SAPI
Apache Apache
Apache root
mod_php
*nix
Administrator(Windows
)
(
)
http.conf
(
mod_perl)
Apache
Apache
Apache Apache 11
Request
URI Translation
Type Checking
FixUp
Header Parsing
Response
Logging
HTTP
Post-Read-
Access Control Authentication
Authorization
MIME
CleanUp
Apache Hook Apache
Hook
mod_php5.so
Apache
mod_perl.so
(
)
Apache
(Hook)
Apache
php5apache2.dll php
Hook Hook
Windows
Apache
mod_php5.so/ Apache Windows
TIPI:
apache
hook
apache
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
php5
Apache Apache
httpd.h
httpd.h
Apache
API request_rec
Apache request_rec
request_rec
Apache
request_rec
HTTP
Apache server_rec
server_rec
server_rec
WEB
server_rec
Apache
httpd server_rec
request_rec conn_rec
conn_rec
TCP
Apache
The Apache Modules Book--Application Development with Apache
PHP
PHP
PHP
CLI
SAPI
SAPI =>
=>
=>
=>
PHP PHP Lua
Javascript PHP
PHP
PHP
#include #ifdef ZTS void ***tsrm_ls; #endif /* Extension bits */ zend_module_entry php_mymod_module_entry = {
PHP
Web
PHP
TIPI:
PHP
RELEASE_2011-07-29_V0.6.7
STANDARD_MODULE_HEADER, "mymod", /* extension name */ NULL, /* function entries */ NULL, /* MINIT */ NULL, /* MSHUTDOWN */ NULL, /* RINIT */ NULL, /* RSHUTDOWN */ NULL, /* MINFO */ "1.0", /* version */ STANDARD_MODULE_PROPERTIES }; /* Embedded bits */ static void startup_php(void) { int argc = 1; char *argv[2] = { "embed5", NULL }; php_embed_init(argc, argv PTSRMLS_CC); zend_startup_module(&php_mymod_module_entry); } static void execute_php(char *filename) { zend_first_try { char *include_script; spprintf(&include_script, 0, "include '%s'", filename); zend_eval_string(include_script, NULL, filename TSRMLS_CC); efree(include_script); } zend_end_try(); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { if (argc