The triple demism

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..,

THE TRIPLE DEMISM

PRINTED AT THE

FRANCISCAN

PRESS, WUCHANG, CHINA

SUN YAT-SEN

THE ;TRIPLE DEMISM OF

§UNJ YAT-SEN TRANSLATED FROM

---

THE CHINESE

ANNOTATED AND APPRAISED BY

PASCHAL WITH

M.

D'ELIA,

INTRODUCTION

S. J.

AND INDEX

ENGLISH EDITION BY

THE FRANCISCAN PRESS WUCHANG

1931

ft

Nihil obstat

0.F.M. Censor Deputatus

ADOLPHUS KIRST,

Imprimi potest REMBERTUS KOWALSKI,

0.F.M. Superior Regularis

t

Imprimatur JOSEPH SYLVESTER ESPELAGE,

_0.F.M. Vicarius Apostolicus de Wuchang Die 1 Julii, 1930

All rights reserved

TABLE OF CONTENTS Portrait of Sun Yat-sen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV ... Mausoleum of Sun Yat-sen at Nanking .............. �I The Flags ...................................... XII Hymn of the Nationalist Pa-rty .................... XIV Letter of H. Em., the Card. Secretary of State under H. H. Pius XI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XVI Letter of the Sacred Congregation of the Propaganda .. XVII Letter of H. Ex. the Apostolic Delegate to China ...... XIX Letter of H. Ex. Chiang Monlin Ex-Min. of Education . XXIII Preface of 'the French Edition .................... xxv Preface of the English Edition .................... XXXIII Note on the Romanization used in the English Edition XXXVII General Synopsis of the Present Work .. . . . ....... 1 INTRODUCTION Chapter Chapter

I. II.

The Author of the Triple Demism ...... The Neologism: the Triple Demism .... BOOK

5 36

I

THE TRIPLE DEMISM Important Note .... ... . . .... . . . ... .. . . .. .. .. ... Pref ace of Doctor Sun Yat-sen PART

55 57

I

THE RACIAL DEMISM, OR NATIONALISM First Lecture. - Ethnic Oppression .............. Summary, 61. - IntroduC'tion, 63. -:- Differe�1ce bet�een race and nation 6--1. - Origin of races (m the strict and m the broad sense); 67. - PopulaUon, 78. - Conclusion, 85.

- Political Oppression and Economic Oppression ............................... .

Second Lecture.

Summary, 87. - Int_rorlue�ion, 89. - P?litical Oppression, 92. Economic Oppress10n, 9;J. - Conclus10n, 113.

61

87

VIII Third Lecture. - History of Chinese Nationalism. . . . Summary, 116. - Introduction, l 18. - Chinese 11atio1�alism in history, 119. - Causes for the disappearance of Chinese nationalism, 126. - Conclusion, ] 37.

116

- Imperialism of the White Races and Imperialism of the Yellow Races . . .. . . .... . . . . 139

Fourth Lecture.

Summary, 1:rn. - Introduction, ]41. - Imperialism of the White rnes, 142. - Imperialism of the' Yellow races, 150. - Con­ elusion, ] ;'59.

- Why and how should Chinese Nation161 alism be revived?

Fifth Lecture.

Summary, ]fl]. - Introduetion, 163. - \Vhy should Chinese na­ tionalism be revived f Hi4. - Political oppression, 16;'5. - Eco­ nomic oppression, 171. - Ethnic oppressiou, 1n. - How should Chinese nationalism be revived� l 7-l-. - Condusion, 179.

- China as a Great Power. Three Prac­ tical means to attain that end. . . . . . . . ... .. . . . 181

Sixth Lecture.

Rnn11nary, 181. - Introfluction, 183. - First means: return to ancient Chinese morality, 184.,, - Second means: return to arn·ient Chinese learning, 194. � Third means: study of foreign sciences, 202. - Conclusion, 205.

PART II THE POLITICAL DEMISM, OR DEMOCRACY First Lecture. - History of Democracy...... . Summary, 211. - Introduction, 215. - Historic-a l development of democracy, 216. - The world and China in relation to de­ mo(·racy, 231.L,,,L Conclusion, 249.

211

Third Lecture. - Equality .. . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . ... Rummary, 276. - Introduction, 278. - Inequalities in nature and in m �n, 278. - Is equality a natural right'? True and false ;CJ��ahty, 280. -. Historieal sk�tch of equality and of Inequality, .;...8,.,. - The Chmese Revolution and equality, 293. - Conclusion, 301.

276

Second Lecture. - Liberty.. . . . . . . .... . . . . .... .. . . :-::;umnrnry, 252. - Introduction, 254. - China and liberty, 254. Rtruggle for liberty in Europe and in America, 256-. - Need of preaching not liberty, but the Triple Demism in China, 263. Conclusion, 274.

252

- Political rights in history; progress, obstacles, and results . . . .. . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . 304

Fourth Lecture.

Summary, 304. - Introduction 1 306. - Progress, 307. - Obstacles� 319. - Summary, �26. - Results, 328. - Conclusion, 329.

✓

IX

- Chinese solution of the question of democracy: separation of power (fl) and capacity < DE ) .... . .... . . . . . ..... . .. . . . .. . ...... 333

Fifth Lecture.

Summary, 33:J. - Introduction, 335. - Let us imitate the material civD!zatio� of f�r�igners, 335 . - Let us not imitate the foreign­ . ers rn theu pohtical and social sciences , 337. - The Chinese must solve for themselves the question of democracy, 343. Chinese solution of the que5tion of demoeracy: separation of power and capacity, 348. - Conclusion, 360.

- The w orking of the new machinery of Government: the Neo-Democracy of 'Sun Yat-sen. 366

Sixth Lecture.

Summary, irnG. - Introduction, 368. - Must 'China imitate Eu­ rope ai,id Ameriea (? 369. - China must seek her own method, ��S3. L Eurek:i: the four rights and the five powers of the Nco­ Democraey, :391. -- Conelusion, 398.

PART III THE ECONOMIC DEMISM, OR SOCIOLOGY

Note

402

- The social question: refutation of the socialistic and Marxist solutions. . ........ . . . . 403

First Lecture.

;-:;umnwry, -J-0:3. - Introduction, 406. - Socialistic solution, 411. - )f:1rxist solution, '417. - Conclusion, 443. Second Lecture.

- The social question: Demist solution 444

�umma ry. -!..J.-L --- Intro