The Third World in Global Environmental Politics 9781685852726

Table of contents :
CONTENTS
TABLES
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
1 INTRODUCTION
PART I THE ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONTEXT
2 THE THIRD WORLD IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
3 GLOBALIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL REGIME FORMATION
PART 2 THE THIRD WORLD AT THE BARGAINING TABLE
4 THE OZONE LAYER PROTECTION REGIME
5 THE HAZARDOUS WASTE TRADE REGIME
6 THE BIODIVERSITY REGIME
PART 3 THE THIRD WORLD AND ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE
7 THE THIRD WORLD IN ENVIRONMENTAL REGIME FORMATION
8 GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
INDEX
ABOUT THE BOOK AND THE AUTHOR

Citation preview

THE THIRD WORLD IN GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS

THE THIRD WORLD IN GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS (ffl\ w

Marian A. L. Miller

LYN NE FUENNER PUBLISHERS

B O U L D E R . L O N D O N

To my mother, Gloria Miller Craig

Published in the United States of America in 1995 by Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc. 1800 30th Street, Boulder, Colorado 80301

© 1995 by Lynne Rienner Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Miller, Marian A.L., 1950The Third World in global environmental politics / Marian A.L. Miller. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-55587-422-3 (alk. paper) ISBN 1-55587-423-1 (alk. paper, pbk.) 1. Sustainable development—Developing countries. 2. Environmental policy—Developing countries. 3. Economic development—Environmental aspects. I. Title. II. Series. HC59.72.E5M55 1995 333,7'09172'4—dc20

Printed and bound in the United States of America

@

The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials Z39.48.1984. 5 4 3 2 1

94-36484 CIP

CONTENTS isi

List of Tables Acknowledgments

1

vii ix

INTRODUCTION The Economic Context, 2 Global Environmental Politics in the Twentieth Century, 4 The Purpose of the Study, 9 Organization of the Book, 12

1

PART 1 THE ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONTEXT 2

THE THIRD WORLD IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY Defining the Third World, 19 Exploring Third World Diversity, 19 The Third World and the Global Economy, 22 Domestic Sources of Third World Environmental Policy, 40 China and India: A Look at Two Major Third World Actors, 43 Conclusion, 46

3

GLOBALIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL REGIME FORMATION Regime Formation and Evolution, 53 Property and Access Relations, 61 Conclusion, 62

v

19

53

vi

CONTENTS

PART 2 THE THIRD WORLD AT THE BARGAINING TABLE 4

THE OZONE LAYER PROTECTION REGIME The Ozone Depletion Issue, 67 Evolution of the Ozone Layer Protection Regime, 68 Actors and Interests, 72 The Third World in the Regime's Evolution, 76 Conclusion, 81

67

5

THE HAZARDOUS WASTE TRADE REGIME The Hazardous Waste Trade Problem, 87 Evolution of the Hazardous Waste Trade Regime, 89 Actors and Interests, 94 The Third World in the Regime's Evolution, 97 Conclusion, 101

87

6

THE BIODIVERSITY REGIME The Threat to Biodiversity, 109 Evolution of the Biodiversity Regime, 113 Actors and Interests, 118 The Third World in the Regime's Evolution, 122 Conclusion, 124

109

PART 3 THE THIRD WORLD AND ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE 7

8

THE THIRD WORLD IN ENVIRONMENTAL REGIME FORMATION Reviewing the Cases, 132 The Third World's Role, 137 The Global Environment Facility and Regime Implementation, 139 Conclusion, 141 GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT The Environmental Cost of Structural Inequality, 143 Prospects for Sustainable Development, 145 Conclusion, 152 List of Abbreviations and Acronyms Bibliography Index About the Book and the Author

131

143

155 157 173 181

TABLES —

(©s çjî'

—

2.1

Trade Performance, 1 9 8 0 - 1 9 9 0

26

4.1

International Policy Actions on Ozone Protection

72

4.2

Third World States that Ratified the Ozone Protection Agreements Before Their Entry into Force

82

International Policy Actions on the Regulation of Hazardous Waste Trade

93

5.1

6.1

International Policy Actions on Conserving Biodiversity

vii

115

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS