The Pictorial History of the American Revolution as Told by Eyewitnesses and Participants 0385026366

Table of contents :
Front Cover
Front Flap
Half Title Page
Full Title Page
INTRODUCTION & ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Problems
Battle action covering thousands of miles
Exceptional work by the author
Watercolors to capture the mood and setting
A story worth telling
CONTENTS
PAINTINGS AND SKETCHES IN COLOR
CHRONOLOGY OF THE PRINCIPAL EVENTS OF THE WAR
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1 GRIFFIN'S WHARF The Boston Tea Party
Who were "the Mohawks?"
An eyewitness account
Looters were apprehended
London responded by closing the port
2 LEXINGTON
"What a glorious morning this is"
"Lay down your arms, damn you"
Ordered to withhold fire, a ccording to Pitcairn
The colonial view
BOSTON AND VICINITY 1776
3 CONCORD
"We had grand music"
Quick witted rebels
"Fire, fellow soldiers. For God's sake, fire!"
Atrocity claims
They seemed to "drop from the clouds"
"All that were found in the houses were put to death."
An ill-planned and ill-executed expedition
"The most artful villains in the world"
4 TICONDEROGA
Ethan Allen and his Green Mountain Boys
Deliver the fort "in the name of the Great Jehovah and the Continental Congress"
5 THE SIEGE OF BOSTON
"To arms, to arms"
All was in commotion.
"A scene too black for human sight"
No arsenal and no funds
"What! Ten thousand peasants keep five thousand King's troops shut up!"
6 BUNKER HILL
Howe was ordered to dislodge the colonists.
The bombardment of Charlestown
"Wait until you see the whites of their eyes"
"Our people in confusion and talking about retreating"
"Our retreat was shameful and scandalous"
"The success is too dearly bought"
7 SELECTING THE COMMANDER-IN- CHIEF
Washington at Cambridge
The officers were "the most indifferent kind of people I ever saw."
"Death stalked among us."
Colonists "at least a hundred years" behind the times
8 CAMBRIDGE CAMP
Facing a crisis
Lacking money and supplies
9 QUEBEC
Ethan Allen becomes a prisoner
Six grueling weeks of swampy wilderness
"The soldiers were of as rude and hardy a race as ourselves."
Ordered to send back those men indisposed either in body or mind.
A court martial and acquittal
She appeared ''fresh and as rosy as ever."
"Difficulties beyond description"
"The officers and men, inspired and fired with the love of liberty and their country, pushed on with a fortitude superior to every obstacle."
"Led on by the intrepid Daniel Morgan "
The advantages of the ground in front, a vast superiority of numbers, and dry and better arms gave the enemy an irresistible power
ENVIRONS DE QUEBEC
"Every man threw down his gun."
10 DORCHESTER HEIGHTS
"We were in high spirits"
The evacuation of Boston
11 CHARLESTON
"All was hurry and confusion."
In order to capture Charleston, the British needed to silence the guns of Fort Moultrie.
"We had scarcely manned our guns, when the ships of war came sailing up."
"Never did men fight more bravely, and never were men more cool."
"Don't let liberty expire with me today"
PLAN of the SIEGE of CHARLESTON in SOUTH CAROLINA
12 THE DECLARATION
13 NEW YORK
"I struck him with the utmost force between the eyes."
Plan of NEW YORK ISLAND and part of LONG ISLAND
"The army continues healthy."
New York was a hotbed of loyalism.
The news of the Declaration of Independence did not cause much stir within Washington's army.
"So high is the Vanity and Insolence of these men."
14 LONG ISLAND
"All that is worth living for is at stake"
Realizing the hopelessness of the situation, Lord Stirling ordered retreat.
"Good God! What brave fellows I must this day lose."
In search of something to eat
A successful retreat
Dejected troops and populace
15 MANHATTAN ISLAND The Amazing Story of the First Submarine
An American retreat
MAP of NEW YORK Surveyed by JOHN HILLS 1782
Saving a neighbor
A cocky but hesitant enemy
The bravery of Nathan Hale
16 RETREAT TO NEW JERSEY
"Unless some speedy and effectual measures are adopted by Congress, our cause is lost."
Retreat to White Plains
17 TRENTON
"The game is pretty near up"
"A terrible night for the soldiers who have no shoes"
"Tell General Sullivan to use the bayonet."
"He has pounced on the Hessians like an eagle upon a hen."
"Men who will volunteer in such a case as this need no enrollment to keep them to their duty."
"We were observed by a lone horseman, who wheeled and galloped out of reach."
"The horror of the scene"
Howe withdrew to the comfort of New York.
Howe withdrew to the comfort of New York.
18 THE LAKES
"The times that tried men's souls"
Ticonderoga was vulnerable.
"The enemy is upon us."
"Desertion prevails"
An atrocity that outraged the colonists
19 BENNINGTON
"We'll beat them today or by night Molly Stark's a widow!"
"An old schoolmate and playfellow, and a cousin of my wife. I felt regret at being obliged to destroy him."
A "Memorable Day"
20 FREEMAN'S FARM
The action developed into a confused struggle which lasted until nightfall.
"The contest terminated on the spot where it began."
"On this Day has been fought one of the Greatest Battles that Ever was fought in America."
21 BEMIS HEIGHTS
"Our cannon were surrounded and taken."
"I have dipt my hands in British blood."
"That gallant officer is General Fraser. I admire him, but it is necessary that he should die."
"Don't hurt him, he is a fine fellow. He only did his duty."
22 SARATOGA
Burgoyne knew the danger.
Capitulation with honors
A guinea for a pair of boots
The turning point of the Revolution
23 BRANDYWINE
An impressive parade
Defending the middle
"Push along, old man."
A retreat exposing the middle
The rout of the right wing
The Paoli massacre
"A dreadful scene of havoc"
"Cold-blooded cruelty"
24 GERMANTOWN
The Chew house in Germantown, a British bulwark
A surprise retreat
Thomas Paine, a witness
Dismissal for cause
"Sally forth and endeavor to procure something by foraging."
"Enough hardship to kill half a dozen horses"
"The grapeshot came down like a shower of hail."
"We will give it to the damned rebels in the morning."
"When I awoke I was as crazy as a gooses hot through the head."
25 PHILADELPHIA
Fashionable social life
The battle of the kegs
EARLY PHILADELPHIA SCENES
Howe relieved of his command
"A fatal blow to the existence of the army"
26 VALLEY FORGE
"I am Sick -my feet lame - my legs are sore"
"No meat - no meat!"
"A leg of nothing and no turnips"
Thanksgiving Day
"Starve, dissolve or disperse"
"No bread, no soldier!"
"I am alive. I am well."
"I would cherish these dear ragged Continentals,whose patience will be the admiration of future ages. "
Baron Frederick von Steuben volunteers
"What a beautifu l, what a happy country this is!"
She "gave him to the foe - without his breeches. "
Alliance with France
27 MONMOUTH COURT HOUSE
General Charles Lee was court-martialed.
He expected his orders would have been obeyed.
"I think that was the finest musick I Ever heard. "
"The weather was almost too hot to live in."
"We pursued them without order. "
"Molly Pitcher"
"Steady, steady, then pick out the King's birds"
28 RHODE ISLAND AND STONY POINT
"Can we carry on the war much longer?"
A near mutiny
"I'll storm hell if you will only plan it"
A reward of five hundred dollars to the first man to enter the fort.
"Keep on, keep on, remember Paoli!"
"The whole business was done with fixed bayonets."
29 NEWTOWN
An appeal to Congress
Another punitive expedition
30 MORRISTOWN
Mutiny at Princeton, New jersey
"If you mean to kill me, shoot me at once - here's my breast!"
If they laid down their arms, they would be pardoned.
31 KENTUCKY
The people of Vincennes took the oath of allegiance to the United States.
A critical situation
MAP OF GEORGE ROGERS CLARK'S EXPEDITION
No middle course
MAP OF THE NORTHERN PART OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
The fort was completely surrounded.
Tomahawked in full view of the garrison
32 WEST POINT
Arnold's sudden departure
"The guilty traitor had escaped."
John Anderson - the identity Major John Andre had adopted
Captured within enemy territory out of uniform, a crime warranting death
"Some compassionate minds were ready to wish for his pardon"
"I am reconciled to my fate but not to the mode"
"It will be but a momentary pang"
"By a misguided zeal he became a devoted victim"
The treason of Benedict Arnold was never fully explained.
33 AT SEA
A dreadful havoc among our crew
Both ships on fire in several places
"I have not yet begun to fight!"
A really deplorable situation
The encounter between the two captains
Enemies more formidable than the British - fire and water
34 SAVANNAH
MAP OF THE SOUTHERN PARTS OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
35 CHARLESTON
A shameful surprise
"Damn me, the rebels are here! "
"Something happened which might have been foreseen."
"The blood will be upon your head."
"Massacre by Tarleton"
36 CAMDEN
A surprise meeting
"It is too late now to do anything but fight."
The flight became a stampede.
A disgraced general
A most disastrous defeat
37 KING'S MOUNTAIN
"I will not stop till night"
"Every man's fate is before him"
Assaulting the bare ridge
"He never would yield to such a d - - d banditti"
"For God's sake, boys, don't give up the mountain"
"The dead lay in heaps on all sides"
"I die contented, since we have gained the victory."
38 COWPENS The Tide Has Turned
"Colonel Tarleton is on his way."
"Be firm and steady and fire with good aim."
"Form, form, my brave fellows."
"I fear they are incorrigible."
39 GUILFORD COURT HOUSE
Morgan's solution - "Shoot down the first man that runs."
The action begins.
"Charge!"
"This unaccountable panic"
BATTLE OF GUILDFORD
Lee praised the Virginia militia.
"Each corps manfully struggling for victory."
General Greene ordered a retreat.
"One of the bravest of the brave"
A costly victory for the British army
"The militia are leaving us in great numbers to return home to kiss their wives and sweethearts. "
40 HOBKIRK'S HILL
Advance with fixed bayonets
"A single word turned the fate of the day."
The prisoners attacked their captors.
"We fight, get beat, rise and fight again."
An order to burn the house down
41 EUTAW SPRINGS
Uprooting the "rooting parties"
"The militia fought with spirit and firmness. "
"Let Williams advance and sweep the field with his bayonets."
"Shouts of victory resounded through the American line."
"A road strewn with bodies of men and horses"
"The whole British line was now flying before the American bayonet."
"A most bloody battle"
42 CHESAPEAKE CAPES
Momentous news
The end of hesitancy and doubt
Dust like a smothering snowstorm
A month's pay to all loyal troops
43 YORKTOWN
"We prepared to pay the British a visit."
"Scarce a gun fired this day"
Tarleton ordered a retreat.
The stranger proved to be General Washington.
Thomas Nelson directed fire at his own residence.
"I felt a secret pride swell my heart when I saw the 'star-spangled banner' waving majestically."
"The enemy seems embarrassed, confused and indeterminate."
The siege could not be allowed to drag on indefinitely.
"Who goes there?"
The sappers led the advance.
"Push on, my brave boys, and skin the hounds. "
He had never listened to music "so delightful as the sound of that drum."
"No spectacle could be more impressive."
"The American, French, and English generals visited each other."
44 FAREWELL
Liberty had triumphed.
Not a word broke the solemn silence.
Three months' pay and their muskets.
"The thousandth part of their sufferings has not, nor ever will be told."
A Soldier of the Revolution
BIBLIOGRAPHY
CONTEMPORARY SOURCES : CONSULTED AND QUOTED
SUPPLEMENTARY SOURCES
INDEX
A, B
C, D, E
F, G, H
I, J, K, L, M
N, O, P
Q, R, S
T, U, V, W
Y
Back Flap
Back Cove

Citation preview

The Pictorial History of the

American Revolution by Rupert Furneaux Illustrated by l(ay Smith Featuring 56 fJages in full color, 195 line illustrations, 65 half-tones. 51 maps a11d 18 black and white sketches "What! Ten thousand peasants keep five thousand King's troops shut up!" Thus spoke Major General Burgoyne to the skipper of one of the packet boats just outside Boston Harbor. as he and Generals Howe and Clinton

arrived from England with reinforcements to put downf t I1e rebel11on.

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For several engagements, the British could not believe >-·--. that these colonials could possibly pose a major threat,_ ..... to the King's regulars.

In the words of the men who fought the major and minor battles of that long war, the miracle of final

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to be just. Lacking the materiel of a major army of that

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victory gradually unfolds. This is a glorious story because it reveals the willing acceptance of hardships by a totally volunteer militia, fighting for a cause they knew

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day, many times having to forage for their food. they•'IM..,.,,.�[J'il��� stayed in the field far beyond the time of their enlistment contracts because they believed in their leaders and the goal of freedom. From Quebec to St. Augustine-over fifteen hundred miles-the war touched almost all the thirteen colonies: in one way or another. We elected to send a watercolor specialist to paint on the scene, in order to capture the physical appearance of each location and interpret it today as it might have appeared two hundred years ago. ':.:> t\.:.

About the allfhor

Rupert Furneaux - reporter, historian. biographer - is ._ _,, _._ the author of more than twenty-five hooks, including. The Z11/11 War. !11vasio11 1066, and T/Je Battle of Saratoga.·

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Rupert Furneaux

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Rupert pictorial

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FROM A WATER-COLOR PAINTING BY KAY SMITH

Independence Hall, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where the Declaration of Independence was adopted and signed. Prior to the adoption of the Declaration, the building, wh ich was completed in 1734, was known as the State House.

FROM A WATER-COLOR SKETCH BY KAY SMITH

Carpenter's Hall, Independence Square, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the meeting place of the First Continental Congress in September 1774, and one of the most historic buildings in the United States.

THE PICTORIAL HISTORY OF THE

AMERICAN REVOLUTION

Explanation of the eighteenth century print on the end papers

A French artist's painting of the surrender at Yorktown. The surrender of the English army commanded by General Cornwallis to the combined armies of the United States of America and France under the command of Generals Washington and Rochambeau at Yorktown and Gloucester,

Virginia, October 19, 1781. This obviously distorted view of

the surrender shows Yorktown in the background as a

medieval European city and places the French f/,eet and troops in a dominant position in the foreground. KEY TO THE PAINTING A Yorktown

F The American Army

C English a rmies in formation

G The French Navy under

E The French Army

H Chesapeake Bay

D Stacks of British weapons

the command of Com­ modore Count de Grasse

THE PICTORIAL HISTORY OF THE

AMERICAN REVOLUTION AS TOLD

BY

Eyewit11esses ai1d Participants by

RUPERT FURNEAUX

Featuring water-color paintings and sketches by KAY SMITH

EDITED

BY

THOMAS C. JONES

Assistant to the editor HARRIET B. HELMER

J. G. Ferguson Publishing Company

I Chicago

DISTRIBUTED TO THE BOOK TRADE BY DOUBLEDAY & COMPANY, INC.

Copyright© 1973 by Rupert Fumea11x on text Cor>yright© 1973 by Kay Smith on H'