The Palgrave Handbook of Deceptive Communication [1st ed.] 978-3-319-96333-4;978-3-319-96334-1

Table of contents :
Front Matter ....Pages i-xxxviii
Front Matter ....Pages 1-1
Historical Perspectives on the Study of Lying and Deception (Matthew S. McGlone, Mark L. Knapp)....Pages 3-28
Defining Truthfulness, Deception, and Related Concepts (Pamela J. Kalbfleisch, Tony Docan-Morgan)....Pages 29-39
Lie Catchers: Evolution and Development of Deception in Modern Times (Anne Solbu, Mark G. Frank)....Pages 41-66
Culture and Deception: The Influence of Language and Societies on Lying (Darrin J. Griffin, Christian Bender)....Pages 67-89
Moral Dimensions of Deceptive Communication (Elaine E. Englehardt, Michael S. Pritchard)....Pages 91-106
Effects of Deception on the Deceiver: An Interdisciplinary View (Richard Reardon, Annette L. Folwell, Jode Keehr, Trevor Kauer)....Pages 107-125
Front Matter ....Pages 127-127
Implications of Some “Obvious Truths” for Building Theories of Deceptive Message Formulation and Production (John O. Greene, Kylie L. Geiman, Douglas E. Pruim)....Pages 129-143
Got Theory? Multitasking, Cognitive Load, and Deception (Tripp Driskell, James E. Driskell)....Pages 145-165
Discursive Dimensions of Deceptive Communication: A Framework for Practical Analysis (John H. Powers)....Pages 167-191
Deception and Language: The Contextual Organization of Language and Deception (COLD) Framework (David M. Markowitz, Jeffrey T. Hancock)....Pages 193-212
Verifiability Approach: Applications in Different Judgmental Settings (Galit Nahari)....Pages 213-225
Understanding Lie Detection Biases with the Adaptive Lie Detector Theory (ALIED): A Boundedly Rational Approach (Chris N. H. Street, Jaume Masip, Megan Kenny)....Pages 227-247
A Model of Trust Manipulation: Exploiting Communication Mechanisms and Authenticity Cues to Deceive (Emma J. Williams, Kate Muir)....Pages 249-265
Why Methods Matter: Approaches to the Study of Deception and Considerations for the Future (Zachary M. Carr, Anne Solbu, Mark G. Frank)....Pages 267-286
Front Matter ....Pages 287-287
An Overview of Detecting Deceptive Communication (Timothy R. Levine)....Pages 289-301
A Review of Meta-Analyses About Deception Detection (R. Weylin Sternglanz, Wendy L. Morris, Marley Morrow, Joshua Braverman)....Pages 303-326
Formulaic Sequences as a Potential Marker of Deception: A Preliminary Investigation (Samuel Larner)....Pages 327-346
The Reciprocal Nature of Lying and Memory: Memory Confabulation and Diagnostic Cues to Deception (Rachel E. Dianiska, Daniella K. Cash, Sean M. Lane, Christian A. Meissner)....Pages 347-365
Memory Detection: Past, Present, and Future (Linda Marjoleine Geven, Gershon Ben-Shakhar, Merel Kindt, Bruno Verschuere)....Pages 367-383
True and False Intentions: A Science of Lies About the Future (Eric Mac Giolla, Pär Anders Granhag)....Pages 385-401
Detecting Deceptive Intentions: Possibilities for Large-Scale Applications (Bennett Kleinberg, Arnoud Arntz, Bruno Verschuere)....Pages 403-427
The Many Faces of Trustworthiness: Accuracy and Inaccuracy in Predicting Deception from Facial Appearance (John Paul Wilson, Nicholas O. Rule)....Pages 429-442
Front Matter ....Pages 443-443
Self-Assessed Lie- and Truth-Telling Abilities: Demographic, Personality, and Behavioral Correlates (Eitan Elaad)....Pages 445-462
“Passing” and the Politics of Deception: Transgender Bodies, Cisgender Aesthetics, and the Policing of Inconspicuous Marginal Identities (Thomas J. Billard)....Pages 463-477
“She Is My Roommate”: Why and How Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals Deceive Friends About Their Sexual Orientation (Yachao Li, Jennifer A. Samp)....Pages 479-497
Student Cheating: A Dramaturgical Analysis of Identity, Deception, and Self-deception (Susan A. Stearns)....Pages 499-514
Front Matter ....Pages 515-515
Unchallenged Deceptions in Social and Professional Relationships (David Shulman)....Pages 517-533
Angry Hugs and Withheld Love: An Overview of Deceptive Affection (Sean M. Horan, Melanie Booth-Butterfield)....Pages 535-550
Deceiving for and During Sex (Gayle Brewer)....Pages 551-566
Managing Face in the Midst of Interpersonal Deception: A Cross-Cultural Examination (Tara Suwinyattichaiporn, Mark A. Generous)....Pages 567-582
Lying Online: Examining the Production, Detection, and Popular Beliefs Surrounding Interpersonal Deception in Technologically-Mediated Environments (Catalina L. Toma, James Alex Bonus, Lyn M. Van Swol)....Pages 583-601
Front Matter ....Pages 603-603
Deceptive Communication in Group Contexts (Jeremy R. Winget, R. Scott Tindale)....Pages 605-624
Organizational Deception: Lies at Work (Anne P. Hubbell)....Pages 625-645
Physician Deception and Telling the Truth About Medical “Bad News”: History, Ethical Perspectives, and Cultural Issues (H. Russell Searight, Taylor Meredith)....Pages 647-672
Deterring Deception: Approaches to Maximize Ethical Behavior in Social Interactions and Organizations (Lyn M. Van Swol, Evan Polman, Hangsan Paul Ahn)....Pages 673-688
Front Matter ....Pages 689-689
Verbal Cues Fostering Perceptions of Credibility and Truth/Lie Detection (Ray Bull, Maureen van der Burgh, Coral Dando)....Pages 691-705
Disbelief Repeats as Deception Tagging: Conversational Strategies for Labeling Perceived Deception in Interrogation (Gary C. David, James Trainum)....Pages 707-726
The History, Present, and Future of Police Deception During Interrogation (William Douglas Woody)....Pages 727-746
Deception Induced Confession: Strategies of Police Interrogators and Their Lay Collaborators (Tyler N. Livingston, Peter O. Rerick, J. Guillermo Villalobos, Deborah Davis)....Pages 747-767
Interrogation and Torture: The Dark Side of Deception and Law Enforcement (Daniel Cochece Davis, Cynthia Adarian Wartanian, Kimberly Beach, Danielle Blake Prentice)....Pages 769-790
Front Matter ....Pages 791-791
Deception and the Social Good in Mass Communication (Seow Ting Lee)....Pages 793-811
Deceptive Marketing Outcomes: A Model for Marketing Communications (Kim B. Serota)....Pages 813-837
Audiences in the Dark: Deception in Pharmaceutical Advertising Through Verbal–Visual Mismatches (Viorela Dan)....Pages 839-855
Visual Deception: From Camo to Cameron (Paul Martin Lester, Marjorie Yambor)....Pages 857-875
Portrayals of Romantic Deception to the Masses: An Analysis of Classic and Contemporary Arts, Modern Technologies, and Empirical Literature (Maria Espinola, Neslihan James-Kangal, Mar Gámez García, Natalie Odisho, Lening Alexis Olivera-Figueroa)....Pages 877-895
“Congratulations, Your Email Account Has Won You €1,000,000”: Analyzing the Discourse Structures of Scam Emails (Innocent Chiluwa)....Pages 897-912
Front Matter ....Pages 913-913
Credibility Assessment and Deception Detection in Courtrooms: Hazards and Challenges for Scholars and Legal Practitioners (Vincent Denault, Norah E. Dunbar)....Pages 915-935
How Supreme Court Deceptions Inflate Presidential Power (Louis Fisher)....Pages 937-951
Reality Monitoring in Politics (Gary D. Bond, Sara M. Schewe, Angelica Snyder, Lassiter F. Speller)....Pages 953-968
Propaganda, Politics and Deception (David Miller, Piers Robinson)....Pages 969-988
Propaganda, Survival, and Living to Tell the Truth: An Analysis of North Korean Refugee Memoirs (Tony Docan-Morgan, Sarah A. Son, Golnar B. Teimouri)....Pages 989-1023
Back Matter ....Pages 1025-1042

Citation preview

The Palgrave Handbook of Deceptive Communication Edited by Tony Docan-Morgan

The Palgrave Handbook of Deceptive Communication

Tony Docan-Morgan Editor

The Palgrave Handbook of Deceptive Communication

Editor Tony Docan-Morgan Department of Communication Studies University of Wisconsin-La Crosse La Crosse, WI, USA

ISBN 978-3-319-96333-4 ISBN 978-3-319-96334-1  (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96334-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018955458 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover image: © Mike Hill This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Preface

The Palgrave Handbook of Deceptive Communication unravels the topic of lying and deception in human communication, offering an interdisciplinary and comprehensive examination of the field, rethinking current approaches to the subject, presenting original research, and offering direction for future investigation and application. Scholars from around the world investigate historical perspectives on the study of lying and deception, the myriad forms of deceptive behavior, cross-cultural perspectives on deceit, moral dimensions of deceptive communication, theoretical approaches to the study of deception, and strategies for detecting and deterring deceit. Truth-telling, lies, and the many gray areas in-between are explored in the contexts of identity formation, interpersonal relationships, groups and organizations, social and mass media, marketing, advertising, law enforcement interrogations, court, politics, and propaganda. This handbook is designed for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, academics, researchers, practitioners, and anyone interested in the pervasive nature of truth, deception, and ethics in the modern world. The Palgrave Handbook of Deceptive Communication is particularly unique because of its diverse disciplinary, methodological, theoretical, and applied perspectives. More than 100 prominent and emerging deception scholars have generously written 51 chapters for this volume. Contributors come from an array of fields, including communication studies, psychology, sociology, anthropology, philosophy, ethics, law, criminology and forensic science, psychiatry and behavioral neuroscience, counseling, literature, linguistics, business, management, journalism, advertising, public relations, marketing, and political science. The substantial collection of multidisciplinary knowledge in the current handbook serves as platform from which new questions, investigations, and discoveries will emerge.

v

vi  Preface

The term deceptive communication was chosen purposefully for the title of this handbook. Stated simply, human deception is communicative. It involves senders and receivers, information or message exchange, and consequences that can be small or large, short- or long-term, personal or public. What makes deception distinct from many other forms of communication is that at least one communicator in the interaction—regardless of context—manipulates words, behaviors, texts, objects, and/or appearances so that others will form a false impression. Stated more directly, deceptive communication is the exchange of information that is known by the communicator to be inaccurate and/or misleading. What constitutes deception in daily interaction is context dependent and based on communicators’ perceptions of various factors such as intent and awareness. When we approach the topic of deception as a multifaceted communicative phenomenon, we are better able to explain, describe, predict, and in some instances control how deception and truth-telling unfold. The communication of truth and deception is a phenomenon that has affected and will continue to affect humans in their personal, professional, and civic lives. Yet, the ability to ask questions and find answers about deceptive communication is a powerful force. As we search for and find truth about deceptive communication, the realized and potential outcomes are substantial—becoming more literate consumers of information, more skilled message creators, and more impactful in creating a just and humane world. La Crosse, WI, USA

Tony Docan-Morgan

Acknowledgements

This handbook moved from an idea to reality with the support of a number of individuals and organizations, for which I am extremely grateful. First, thank you to all of the outstanding contributors for your hard work, deep insight, and commitment to uncovering truth. I hope our collaboration in this volume leads to future endeavors with one another. I express my deepest gratitude to all of you. Second, I am grateful to the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse (UWL) for providing support in the form of a sabbatical to work on this volume. I am thankful to UWL’s excellent leadership, as well as the institution’s commitment to fostering curiosity and life-long learning through collaboration, innovation, and the discovery and dissemination of new knowledge. I am also grateful to be a part of UWL’s College of Arts, Social Sciences, and Humanities, where the mission of fostering intellectual curiosity and creativity is a reality. Thank you specifically to Dr. Linda Dickmeyer for your support and encouragement, my colleagues in the Department of Communication Studies and throughout UWL, and the many curious and engaged students I have had over the years. I am proud to call UWL my academic home. Third, I offer my gratitude to Palgrave Macmillan and their staff for believing in and supporting this project. Finally, a personal thank you to family and friends who have supported my endeavors, including this project. Sara, my wife, has given me endless encouragement, support, and love. Thank you for believing in me, your patience, and being our family’s rock. Thank you to my children—William, Hope, and Abe—for your love, affection, and joy; to my parents and sister for continual

vii

viii  Acknowledgements

insight, motivation, and loving support; and to my best friends—Alan, Ale, Jörg, and Pavak—who always offer perspective, encouragement, and laughs. I am lucky and eternally grateful to have you all in my life. La Crosse, Wisconsin January 2019

Tony Docan-Morgan

Contents

Part I An Introduction and Overview of Deceptive Communication 1

Historical Perspectives on the Study of Lying and Deception 3 Matthew S. McGlone and Mark L. Knapp

2

Defining Truthfulness, Deception, and Related Concepts Pamela J. Kalbfleisch and Tony Docan-Morgan

3

Lie Catchers: Evolution and Development of Deception in Modern Times 41 Anne Solbu and Mark G. Frank

4

Culture and Deception: The Influence of Language and Societies on Lying 67 Darrin J. Griffin and Christian Bender

5

Moral Dimensions of Deceptive Communication 91 Elaine E. Englehardt and Michael S. Pritchard

6

Effects of Deception on the Deceiver: An Interdisciplinary View 107 Richard Reardon, Annette L. Folwell, Jode Keehr and Trevor Kauer

29

ix

x  Contents

Part II  Deception Theories, Frameworks, and Approaches 7

Implications of Some “Obvious Truths” for Building Theories of Deceptive Message Formulation and Production 129 John O. Greene, Kylie L. Geiman and Douglas E. Pruim

8

Got Theory? Multitasking, Cognitive Load, and Deception 145 Tripp Driskell and James E. Driskell

9

Discursive Dimensions of Deceptive Communication: A Framework for Practical Analysis 167 John H. Powers

10 Deception and Language: The Contextual Organization of Language and Deception (COLD) Framework 193 David M. Markowitz and Jeffrey T. Hancock 11 Verifiability Approach: Applications in Different Judgmental Settings 213 Galit Nahari 12 Understanding Lie Detection Biases with the Adaptive Lie Detector Theory (ALIED): A Boundedly Rational Approach 227 Chris N. H. Street, Jaume Masip and Megan Kenny 13 A Model of Trust Manipulation: Exploiting Communication Mechanisms and Authenticity Cues to Deceive 249 Emma J. Williams and Kate Muir 14 Why Methods Matter: Approaches to the Study of Deception and Considerations for the Future 267 Zachary M. Carr, Anne Solbu and Mark G. Frank

Contents

  xi

Part III  Detecting Deceptive Communication 15 An Overview of Detecting Deceptive Communication Timothy R. Levine

289

16 A Review of Meta-Analyses About Deception Detection R. Weylin Sternglanz, Wendy L. Morris, Marley Morrow and Joshua Braverman

303

17 Formulaic Sequences as a Potential Marker of Deception: A Preliminary Investigation 327 Samuel Larner 18 The Reciprocal Nature of Lying and Memory: Memory Confabulation and Diagnostic Cues to Deception 347 Rachel E. Dianiska, Daniella K. Cash, Sean M. Lane and Christian A. Meissner 19 Memory Detection: Past, Present, and Future 367 Linda Marjoleine Geven, Gershon Ben-Shakhar, Merel Kindt and Bruno Verschuere 20 True and False Intentions: A Science of Lies About the Future 385 Eric Mac Giolla and Pär Anders Granhag 21 Detecting Deceptive Intentions: Possibilities for Large-Scale Applications 403 Bennett Kleinberg, Arnoud Arntz and Bruno Verschuere 22 The Many Faces of Trustworthiness: Accuracy and Inaccuracy in Predicting Deception from Facial Appearance 429 John Paul Wilson and Nicholas O. Rule

xii  Contents

Part IV Contexts of Deceptive Communication: The Self and Identity 23 Self-Assessed Lie- and Truth-Telling Abilities: Demographic, Personality, and Behavioral Correlates 445 Eitan Elaad 24 “Passing” and the Politics of Deception: Transgender Bodies, Cisgender Aesthetics, and the Policing of Inconspicuous Marginal Identities 463 Thomas J. Billard 25 “She Is My Roommate”: Why and How Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals Deceive Friends About Their Sexual Orientation 479 Yachao Li and Jennifer A. Samp 26 Student Cheating: A Dramaturgical Analysis of Identity, Deception, and Self-deception 499 Susan A. Stearns Part V Contexts of Deceptive Communication: Interpersonal Relationships 27 Unchallenged Deceptions in Social and Professional Relationships 517 David Shulman 28 Angry Hugs and Withheld Love: An Overview of Deceptive Affection 535 Sean M. Horan and Melanie Booth-Butterfield 29 Deceiving for and During Sex 551 Gayle Brewer 30 Managing Face in the Midst of Interpersonal Deception: A Cross-Cultural Examination 567 Tara Suwinyattichaiporn and Mark A. Generous 31 Lying Online: Examining the Production, Detection, and Popular Beliefs Surrounding Interpersonal Deception in Technologically-Mediated Environments 583 Catalina L. Toma, James Alex Bonus and Lyn M. Van Swol

Contents

  xiii

Part VI Contexts of Deceptive Communication: Groups and Organizations 32 Deceptive Communication in Group Contexts 605 Jeremy R. Winget and R. Scott Tindale 33 Organizational Deception: Lies at Work 625 Anne P. Hubbell 34 Physician Deception and Telling the Truth About Medical “Bad News”: History, Ethical Perspectives, and Cultural Issues 647 H. Russell Searight and Taylor Meredith 35 Deterring Deception: Approaches to Maximize Ethical Behavior in Social Interactions and Organizations 673 Lyn M. Van Swol, Evan Polman and Hangsan Paul Ahn Part VII Contexts of Deceptive Communication: Law Enforcement Interrogations 36 Verbal Cues Fostering Perceptions of Credibility and Truth/Lie Detection 691 Ray Bull, Maureen van der Burgh and Coral Dando 37 Disbelief Repeats as Deception Tagging: Conversational Strategies for Labeling Perceived Deception in Interrogation 707 Gary C. David and James Trainum 38 The History, Present, and Future of Police Deception During Interrogation 727 William Douglas Woody 39 Deception Induced Confession: Strategies of Police Interrogators and Their Lay Collaborators 747 Tyler N. Livingston, Peter O. Rerick, J. Guillermo Villalobos and Deborah Davis 40 Interrogation and Torture: The Dark Side of Deception and Law Enforcement 769 Daniel Cochece Davis, Cynthia Adarian Wartanian, Kimberly Beach and Danielle Blake Prentice

xiv  Contents

Part VIII Contexts of Deceptive Communication: Mass Mediated Communication 41 Deception and the Social Good in Mass Communication Seow Ting Lee

793

42 Deceptive Marketing Outcomes: A Model for Marketing Communications 813 Kim B. Serota 43 Audiences in the Dark: Deception in Pharmaceutical Advertising Through Verbal–Visual Mismatches 839 Viorela Dan 44 Visual Deception: From Camo to Cameron 857 Paul Martin Lester and Marjorie Yambor 45 Portrayals of Romantic Deception to the Masses: An Analysis of Classic and Contemporary Arts, Modern Technologies, and Empirical Literature 877 Maria Espinola, Neslihan James-Kangal, Mar Gámez García, Natalie Odisho and Lening Alexis Olivera-Figueroa 46 “Congratulations, Your Email Account Has Won You €1,000,000”: Analyzing the Discourse Structures of Scam Emails 897 Innocent Chiluwa Part IX Contexts of Deceptive Communication: Court, Politics, and Propaganda 47 Credibility Assessment and Deception Detection in Courtrooms: Hazards and Challenges for Scholars and Legal Practitioners 915 Vincent Denault and Norah E. Dunbar 48 How Supreme Court Deceptions Inflate Presidential Power 937 Louis Fisher 49 Reality Monitoring in Politics 953 Gary D. Bond, Sara M. Schewe, Angelica Snyder and Lassiter F. Speller

Contents

  xv

50 Propaganda, Politics and Deception 969 David Miller and Piers Robinson 51 Propaganda, Survival, and Living to Tell the Truth: An Analysis of North Korean Refugee Memoirs 989 Tony Docan-Morgan, Sarah A. Son and Golnar B. Teimouri Index

1025

Notes

on

Contributors

Hangsan Paul Ahn is working on his Master’s degree in the Department of Communication Arts at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He is interested in innovation in teams and social science methodology. Before graduate school, he worked at Hyundai Motors in marketing. Arnoud Arntz, Ph.D.  is Professor of Clinical Psychology at the University of Amsterdam. His main research interest lies in the field of personality disorders and includes personality pathology in the forensic field. His research addresses both psychological processes in and treatment of personality disorders. Kimberly Beach  (B.A., Marist College) lives in Connecticut and has worked in the behavioral health field for the last 12 years, connecting individuals to recovery support and clinical services through state and federally funded programs. At present, she facilitates communication between state agencies and community providers to best serve parents and caregivers who are in recovery. Her past research focused on communication aspects of interrogation and torture techniques, which she presented at the National Communication Association’s annual conference. Christian Bender is an undergraduate student studying the Russian language and communication at The University of Alabama. He is currently conducting research on the influences of culture on uses of deception in everyday communication among international students as a Research Assistant in the Human Communication Research Laboratory. Bender intends to study international security in Russia in addition to his current research. He is an avid supporter of the arts and has been cast in several theatrical productions at UA. Gershon Ben-Shakhar, Ph.D. is Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. His main area of research is cognitive psychophysiology focusing on the role of stimulus novelty and significance in xvii

xviii  Notes on Contributors

orienting response elicitation and its habituation process, and on psychophysiological detection of deception. He has published more than 120 articles on psychophysiology, as well as on psychological testing, individual differences in cognitive ability, and human judgment and decision making. Thomas J. Billard is a doctoral student in the Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism at the University of Southern California. He conducts research on transgender coverage in political media, transgender representations in mass media, graphic design in brand culture, and processes of production in graphic design. Gary D. Bond, Ph.D. is Professor of Psychology at Eastern New Mexico University in Portales, NM. James Alex Bonus  (Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-Madison) is an Assistant Professor in the School of Communication at The Ohio State University. He studies media experiences in childhood. His recent work with young children examines their comprehension of science television, while his work with adults examines the impact of exposure to nostalgic media on well-being. Melanie Booth-Butterfield  (Ph.D., University of Missouri-Columbia) is Professor Emerita in the Department of Communication Studies at West Virginia University. She has emphasized research in the areas of processes and outcomes involved with humor enactments (e.g., humor orientation) and a variety of interpersonal/relational communication issues. She is former editor of Communication Education and past President of the Eastern Communication Association. Joshua Braverman received his B.S. degree in psychology with distinction from Nova Southeastern University in May 2018. He started his Ph.D. in social psychology at the University of Minnesota in Fall 2018. Gayle Brewer, Ph.D. is a Lecturer at the University of Liverpool. Her research interests focus on the psychology of romantic and sexual relationships. She has published over 60 peer-reviewed journal articles and numerous books and book chapters. Ray Bull, D.Sc. is Professor of Criminal Investigation at the University of Derby, UK, and immediate past President of the European Association of Psychology and Law. Zachary M. Carr is currently a doctoral candidate in the Department of Communication at the University at Buffalo, SUNY, under the advisement of Dr. Mark G. Frank. Mr. Carr’s research foci capture the intricacies of interpersonal communication and, specifically, nonverbal communication. Additionally, Mr. Carr focuses on the analysis of facial expressions and their role in meaningful dyadic exchanges and deceptive contexts. Daniella K. Cash is a graduate student working toward her doctorate degree at Louisiana State University. She completed her M.A. degree at the

Notes on Contributors

  xix

University of Alabama in Huntsville and her B.S. at Florida Southern College. Daniella is interested in issues pertaining to deception detection, eyewitness accuracy, jury decision making, and other psycho-legal issues. Innocent Chiluwa, Ph.D. is Professor of Language (Discourse Analysis) and Media/Digital Communications in the Department of Languages & General Studies at Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria. He is a Research Fellow and Digital Expert of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Bonn), and a Visiting Professor in the Department of English, University of Freiburg, Germany. His research interests are discourse analysis and conflict studies; social movement studies; social media and society; cyber civic engagement, online activism, terrorism, and political violence; and online deceptive communications, particularly those associated with phishing, email scams, and cyber-attacks. Viorela Dan (Ph.D., Free University of Berlin, 2016) is a Postdoctoral Researcher at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. Her research interests include framing theory, the interplay between words and visuals, health communication, and political communication. Her newest publication is Integrative Framing Analysis: Framing Health Through Words and Visuals (2018), a monograph published by Routledge. Coral Dando, Ph.D. is former Police Officer and is Professor of Forensic Psychology at the University of Westminster, UK. Gary C. David, Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Sociology and Associate Professor of Information Design and Corporate Communication at Bentley University. He conducts ethnographic research in a variety of workplace settings. His past studies include the analysis of interactions between workers and customers in Arab-owned convenience stores in Metropolitan Detroit. He is involved in applying conversation analysis and forensic linguistics to the examination of police interviews, interrogations, and interactions. Other projects include examining the nature of collaborative activity in multicultural worksites, the impact of speech recognition technology and electronic medical records on health care, the implementation of enterprise systems on workplaces, and how co-workers build a collaborative relationship through engaging in workplace practices. Daniel Cochece Davis (Ph.D., University of Southern California) joined Illinois State University’s School of Communication as an Assistant Professor in 2012. His research and teaching examines the neuro-cultural dialectic across all types and contexts of human communication, including torture, polygraphing, and the neurophysiology of deception, as well as areas considered less dark (e.g., intercultural, leadership, and relationships). Deborah Davis, Ph.D. is Professor of Psychology at the University of Nevada, Reno. She has published a number of articles and chapters on interrogation and confession and has testified or consulted in more than 100 cases involving claims of false confession.

xx  Notes on Contributors

Vincent Denault, LL.M. is a former litigation lawyer and currently a lecturer and Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Communication at the Université de Montréal. His research focuses primarily on issues related to credibility assessment, deception detection, and nonverbal communication during trials. He is also the co-director of Montreal’s Center for Studies in Nonverbal Communication Sciences and the inaugural recipient of the Emerging Scholar Award (2016) of the Nonverbal Division of the National Communication Association. Rachel E. Dianiska is a graduate student working toward her doctorate in cognitive psychology at Iowa State University. She completed her M.S. degree at Iowa State University and graduated with honors from Louisiana State University with a B.S. in psychology and a B.A. in sociology. She is interested in the influence of cognitive processes to issues such as interviewing and credibility assessment and the development of false memories. Tony Docan-Morgan (Ph.D., University of Washington) is Professor of Communication Studies at the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse. His teaching and research span the topics of public communication, interpersonal relationships, and ethics and deception. As a proponent of applied scholarship and civic engagement, his work aims to help others become effective, empowering, and ethical communicators. He has helped North Korean refugees tell their stories of survival, escape, and readjustment. James E. Driskell, Ph.D. is the President and Senior Scientist at Florida Maxima Corporation, an Adjunct Professor of Psychology at Rollins College, and Fellow of the American Psychological Association. Dr. Driskell has served as principal investigator on research projects related to deception for the Department of Homeland Security, Defense Intelligence Agency, Federal Bureau of Investigation, and other organizations. Tripp Driskell, Ph.D. is a Research Scientist with Florida Maxima Corporation in Orlando, Florida. He received a Ph.D. in applied experimental and human factors psychology from the University of Central Florida and has conducted recent research on deception and investigative interviewing for the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Norah E. Dunbar, Ph.D.  is a Professor of Communication at the University of California Santa Barbara. She teaches courses in nonverbal and interpersonal communication, communication theory, and deception detection. She is also an affiliate faculty member in the Center for Information Technology & Society and the Center for Digital Games Research. She has received over $13 million in external research funding from US federal agencies, published over 60 peer-reviewed journal articles and book chapters, and presented over 100 papers at national and international conferences. She is on the editorial board of six disciplinary journals and served as the Chair of the Nonverbal Division of the National Communication Association from 2014–2016.

Notes on Contributors

  xxi

Eitan Elaad, Ph.D. is Professor of Psychology in the Department of Behavioral Sciences at Ariel University, Israel. Between 2006 and 2009, he was the chairman of the department. Since 1977, he has been engaged in research and lectures on lying and lie detection. His main fields of interest are detection of deception with special emphasis on psychophysiological detection of concealed information, the psychology of lying, decision making and biases, and legal psychology. Elaine E. Englehardt, Ph.D. is the Distinguished Professor of Ethics and Professor of Philosophy at Utah Valley University. She has written or edited over ten books on ethics and written numerous journal and encyclopedia articles. She has been the principal investigator of a variety of national grants in ethics and was a senior administrator at Utah Valley University for more than 12 years. Maria Espinola, Psy.D. is Assistant Professor at the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine. She is a licensed clinical psychologist, and her areas of clinical and research focus are multicultural psychology, women’s issues, and trauma psychology. She completed her doctorate in clinical psychology at Nova Southeastern University, her predoctoral fellowship in multicultural psychology at Boston University Medical Center, and her postdoctoral fellowship in trauma psychology at McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School. Louis Fisher, Ph.D.  is Scholar in Residence at the Constitution Project and Visiting Scholar at the William and Mary Law School. For four decades, he served at the Library of Congress as Senior Specialist in Separation of Powers (1970–2005) and Specialist in Constitutional Law at the Law Library (2005– 2010). Author of 26 books and over 500 articles, he has testified more than 50 times before congressional committees on a range of constitutional issues. His most recent book is President Obama: Constitutional Aspirations and Executive Actions (2018). Annette L. Folwell (Ph.D., University of Oklahoma) is an Associate Professor in the Department of Psychology and Communication Studies at the University of Idaho. Her research centers on interpersonal communication within the family, particularly marital, sibling, and grandparent–grandchild relationships, as well as instructional communication. Dr. Folwell’s research has been published in Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, Journal of Language and Social Psychology, and Journal of the Northwest Communication Association. Mark G. Frank, Ph.D. is Professor and Chair in the Department of Communication at the University at Buffalo, SUNY. Dr. Frank received his Ph.D. from Cornell University and was a postdoctoral research fellow at the University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, under the tutelage of Dr. Paul Ekman. Dr. Frank’s primary research interests include the study of

xxii  Notes on Contributors

nonverbal communication, with a focus on understanding the complexities of facial expressions and deception in meaningful, real-world settings. Mar Gámez García, M.A. is currently a Ph.D. student and teaching assistant in the Department of Romance Languages and Literatures at the University of Cincinnati. She holds an M.A. in Spanish from the University of Cincinnati, a B.A. in Journalism from University Carlos III de Madrid, and a B.A. in English Philology from the University of Barcelona. She wrote the play La Fauna del Poder (2016) and has published several peer-reviewed articles on Spanish and Latin American literature. Kylie L. Geiman  (M.S., Purdue University, 2017) is employed as a data analyst in private business. Mark A. Generous (Ph.D., Arizona State University, 2016) is an Assistant Professor of Communication at California State University Polytechnic, Pomona. His research focuses on close, interpersonal relationships; specifically, he examines difficult and challenging conversations within the context of intimate relationships. His work has focused on end-of-life communication, sexual communication, and profanity. Linda Marjoleine Geven is a joint doctoral candidate at the University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel. As a legal psychologist, her current research on memory detection focuses specifically on bridging the gap between research and practice. Moreover, she is passionate about investigating and preventing miscarriages of justice. Pär Anders Granhag, Ph.D.  is a Professor of Psychology at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden. He has been conducting research on legal psychology for almost 30 years. His main areas of research are interviewing, interrogation, and deception detection. He is the Founding Director of the Research Unit for Criminal, Legal and Investigative Psychology (CLIP), and he is the Editor of the journal Applied Cognitive Psychology. John O. Greene (Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1983) is a Professor in the Brian Lamb School of Communication at Purdue University. He is a former editor of Human Communication Research (2001–2003) and former book review editor of Communication Theory (1993–1996). He is a recipient of the National Communication Association’s Charles H. Woolbert Research Award (1994) and a two-time recipient of the Gerald R. Miller Book Award (2002, 2004). Darrin J. Griffin  (Ph.D., Buffalo SUNY, 2014) is an Assistant Professor at The University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa where he serves as the Director of the Human Communication Research Laboratory. Griffin conducts research on communication topics related to nonverbal communication, deception, and deafness. His teaching schedule most often includes an undergraduate

Notes on Contributors

  xxiii

course on truth, ethics, and deception, and he has taught this course as a doctoral seminar as well. Griffin is a hearing person, a child of deaf adults (CODA), and identifies as a member of the deaf community; he is fluent in American Sign Language. His bilingual-bicultural status allows him to use his teaching and research to be an advocate for deaf people. More information about Griffin can be found on his website www.darringriffin.com. Jeffrey T. Hancock (Ph.D., Dalhousie University) is a Professor in the Department of Communication at Stanford University. He works on understanding psychological and interpersonal processes in social media by using computational linguistics and behavioral experiments to examine deception and trust, emotional dynamics, intimacy and relationships, and social support. Sean M. Horan (Ph.D., West Virginia University) is Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of Communication at Fairfield University. His research primarily centers upon Affection Exchange and Work-Life Border theories, specifically through investigations of sex, deceptive affection, and workplace romance. He writes regularly for Psychology Today and is an associate editor of the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. Anne P. Hubbell (Ph.D., Michigan State University, 2000) is Professor of Communication at New Mexico State University in Las Cruces, NM. Her teaching and research are in the areas of health and organizational communication. Within organizational communication, Dr. Hubbell focuses on deception with a particular emphasis on the role of trust and justice in reducing deceptive behaviors. Neslihan James-Kangal, M.A. is a Clinical Psychology doctoral student at the University of Cincinnati. For her Master’s thesis, Neslihan evaluated couples’ accuracy in detecting deception and trained them in a system of investigative interviewing to improve their accuracy. She plans to pursue a career in academia and continue her research on how couples, particularly young dating couples, handle conflict in their relationships. Pamela J. Kalbfleisch (Ph.D. Michigan State University, 1985) is Professor of Communication at the University of North Dakota. She is also a member of the General and Experimental Psychology Graduate Faculty at the University. Dr. Kalbfleisch’s research focuses on deception, issues of trust and distrust in relationships, and mentoring relationships. Kalbfleisch is the author of Mentoring Enactment Theory. She is also personally dedicated to helping members of underrepresented groups find mentors and sources of social support. Trevor Kauer  (B.S., University of Idaho) is a graduate student and teaching assistant in Communication Studies at Texas State University. His prior experience as an Emergency Medical Technician informs his research interests on the ways our understandings about interpersonal, health, and family communication apply to first responders and public safety employees.

xxiv  Notes on Contributors

Jode Keehr (B.S., University of Idaho) is a doctoral student in the experimental Psychology Program at the University of Idaho. She is a professional consultant on electronic media presence for businesses and, with that expertise, developed a course for the University of Idaho on social messaging for small organizations. Her research interests in human systems integration reside at the intersection of technology, applied cognition, and cognitive neuroscience. Megan Kenny is a Lecturer in Forensic Psychology at Sheffield Hallam University. Her research interests include all areas of interpersonal crime, particularly domestic and sexual violence as well as the use of technology to facilitate offending behavior. She has worked on the multinational None in Three project and has conducted research exploring sexually motivated abduction. Her Ph.D. thesis is entitled Who’s Following You? Cyberviolence on Social Media. Merel Kindt, Ph.D.  is Professor of Experimental Clinical Psychology in the Department of Psychology at the University of Amsterdam. Over the years, she has established a highly successful program of research on the plasticity of fear memory. Specifically, she has convincingly demonstrated that the emotional expression of fear memories can be neutralized in humans and which conditions are essential for this to occur. The potential of her research program lies in the unique bidirectional translational approach: It builds on fundamental insights from animal and human neuroscience literature as well as on clinical science. Bennett Kleinberg  is a doctoral researcher at the University of Amsterdam. His research is on large-scale airport security innovation at the intersection of cognitive psychology, crime science, computational linguistics, and artificial intelligence. Mark L. Knapp (Ph.D., Pennsylvania State University) is the Jesse H. Jones Centennial Professor Emeritus in the Department of Communication Studies and Distinguished Teaching Professor Emeritus at The University of Texas at Austin. He has published several works on lying and deception. He co-edited the Handbook of Interpersonal Communication and The Interplay of Truth and Deception, and co-authored Lying and Deception in Human Interaction, Nonverbal Communication in Human Interaction, and Interpersonal Communication in Human Relationships. He is a past President and Distinguished Scholar of the National Communication Association and a past President and Fellow of the International Communication Association. Sean M. Lane, Ph.D. is Professor of Cognitive and Brain Sciences in the Department of Psychology at Louisiana State University. His research examines both basic and applied aspects of learning and memory and has been funded by the National Science Foundation, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Spencer Foundation, and the Louisiana Board of Regents. Besides his work in lying and memory, his other research interests include

Notes on Contributors

  xxv

eyewitness suggestibility, memory beliefs, the impact of emotional arousal on memory, and the application of findings from learning and memory research to educational settings. Samuel Larner, Ph.D. is a Senior Lecturer in Forensic Linguistics in the Department of Languages, Information and Communications at Manchester Metropolitan University, UK. His research interests lie primarily in the use of linguistics for investigative and evidential purposes, including deception detection, the theory and practice of forensic authorship analysis, and the language children and young people use when disclosing sexual abuse. Seow Ting Lee (Ph.D., University of Missouri-Columbia) is Professor in the University of Colorado Boulder’s Department of Advertising, Public Relations and Media Design. Her research in strategic communication focuses on organization–stakeholder relationships and communication strategies with an emphasis on ethics and new media. Her research has been published in the Journal of Communication, Public Relations Review, Journal of Public Relations Research, Journal of Health Communication, Health Communication, Media Culture and Society, Mass Communication and Society, Health Promotion International, and Journal of Mass Media Ethics. Paul Martin Lester, Ph.D. is a Clinical Professor for the School of Arts, Technology, and Emerging Communication at the University of Texas at Dallas and a Professor Emeritus in Mass Communications at California State University, Fullerton. He received a bachelor of journalism from the University of Texas at Austin, a master’s from the University of Minnesota, and a Ph.D. from Indiana University. He is the author or editor of several books that include: Visual Ethics: A Guide for Photographers, Journalists, and Filmmakers (2018), Visual Communication Images with Messages Seventh Edition (2017), Digital Innovations for Mass Communications Engaging the User (2014), Images that Injure Pictorial Stereotypes in the Media Third Edition with Susan Ross (2011), Visual Journalism: A Guide for New Media Professionals with Christopher Harris (2002), Desktop Computing Workbook: A Guide for Using 15 Programs in Macintosh and Windows Formats (1996), and Photojournalism: An Ethical Approach (1991). From 2006 until 2011, he was editor of Visual Communication Quarterly, and from 2011 until 2015, he was editor of the AEJMC publication Journalism and Communication Monographs. Timothy R. Levine, Ph.D. is Distinguished Professor and Chair of Communication Studies at University of Alabama at Birmingham. Levine teaches and conducts research on topics related to interpersonal communication, persuasion and social influence, cross-cultural communication, and social scientific research methods. Levine has published more than 125 refereed journal articles reporting original research related to communication, and he is an internationally recognized leader in deception research. He is the author of Truth Default Theory.

xxvi  Notes on Contributors

Yachao Li (M.A., Rutgers University, 2015) is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Communication Studies at the University of Georgia. His research focuses on interpersonal and health communication in the contexts of same-sex relationships, specifically how same-sex couples and their families manage relational challenges. He also teaches introduction to interpersonal communication, advanced interpersonal communication in health contexts, and small group communication. Tyler N. Livingston  is a Ph.D. student in the Interdisciplinary Social Psychology Program at the University of Nevada, Reno. He is specifically interested in the study of social cognition and human memory. Eric Mac Giolla, Ph.D. is a postdoc at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden. He has a broad interest in legal psychology and has conducted research on the topics of eyewitness memory, investigative interviewing, and deception detection. David M. Markowitz, Ph.D. is an Assistant Professor in the School of Journalism and Communication at the University of Oregon. He uses language data from natural repositories to make inferences about people; what they are thinking, feeling, and experiencing psychologically. A large part of his research focuses on how deception affects language, such as how fraudulent scientists write their research papers compared to genuine scientists. He received his Ph.D. from Stanford University and his undergraduate and master’s degrees from Cornell University. Jaume Masip, Ph.D. is an Associate Professor in the Department of Social Psychology and Anthropology at the University of Salamanca, Spain, where he currently teaches legal psychology and criminal psychology. He has conducted extensive research on nonverbal and verbal detection of deception, with a particular (but not exclusive) focus on police officers’ detection abilities, response biases, and beliefs about deception cues. He has given talks and workshops on deception detection to law enforcement officers and other practitioners. Matthew S. McGlone (Ph.D., Princeton University) is Professor of Communication Studies at The University of Texas at Austin. His research investigates persuasion, deception, and stereotyping in social interaction. His research efforts have been funded by the National Science Foundation, US Departments of Education and Justice, and the Kozmetsky Family Foundation. With Mark L. Knapp, he co-edited The Interplay of Truth and Deception (2010, Routledge) and co-authored Lying and Deception in Human Interaction (2016, Kendall Hunt). He is Associate Director of UT’s Center for Health Communication. Christian A. Meissner, Ph.D. is Professor of Psychology at Iowa State University. He conducts empirical studies in applied cognition, including the role of memory, attention, perception, and decision processes in real-world

Notes on Contributors

  xxvii

tasks. He has published more than 80 peer-reviewed journal articles and book chapters and has received more than $15 million in grant funding from such agencies as the National Science Foundation, the US Departments of Defense, Justice, and Homeland Security, and the US Intelligence Community. Taylor Meredith graduated Summa Cum Laude from Lake Superior State University in May 2017 with concentrations in psychology and criminal justice. She has held several positions in human services and plans to attend graduate school in the forensic behavioral sciences. David Miller is Professor of Political Sociology in the School of Policy Sciences at the University of Bristol. From 2013 to 2016, he was RCUK Global Uncertainties Leadership Fellow leading a project on understanding and explaining terrorism expertise in practice. David is a co-director of Public Interest Investigations, a nonprofit company of which Spinwatch. org and Powerbase.info are projects and co-director of the Organisation for Propaganda Studies. Recent publications include “Organized Persuasive Communication: A New Conceptual Framework for Research on Promotional Culture, Public Relations and Propaganda” in Critical Sociology (co-author, 2018); Impact of Market Forces on Addictive Substances and Behaviours: The Web of Influence of Addictive Industries (co-author, 2018, Oxford University Press); and What Is Islamophobia? Racism, Social Movements and the State (co-editor, 2017, Pluto Press). Wendy L. Morris (Ph.D., University of Virginia, 2005) is Professor of Psychology and Dean of the Faculty at McDaniel College. She is a social psychologist, and her two areas of research are deception within friendships and stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination. Marley Morrow received her M.S. degree in Experimental Psychology from Nova Southeastern University in June 2016. Currently, she is a Senior Marketing Manager and Digital Content Editor at Impact Analytics, Inc. Kate Muir, Ph.D. is a Research Associate in the School of Management at the University of Bath. Kate is a Chartered Psychologist and Chartered Scientist with the British Psychological Society. Her research interests include face-to-face and computer-mediated forms of human communication, and social and personality influences upon communication behaviors and autobiographical memory. Galit Nahari, Ph.D.  is a Professor and the head of the M.A. research track in the Department of Criminology at Bar-Ilan University. She is the Editor of Legal and Criminological Psychology. Her main research interest is legal and investigative decision making. As part of it, she develops interrogation and lie-detection methods and examines their validity and suitability in different contexts, and their vulnerability to judgmental biases. She lectures and

xxviii  Notes on Contributors

conducts training workshops on verbal lie detection for academics and practitioners in Europe and Israel. Natalie Odisho, B.S. is an Oriental Medicine master’s student at Florida College of Integrative Medicine. She earned her bachelor’s degree in media communication studies with a minor in psychology at the Florida State University in 2013. As an artist and Bright Futures scholar, Natalie Odisho investigates the relationships between art and health. Lening Alexis Olivera-Figueroa, Psy.D., ABPP is a board-certified clinical psychologist licensed in Connecticut, Puerto Rico, and Quebec, Canada. Dr. Olivera-Figueroa completed his doctorate in clinical psychology at Ponce Health Sciences University in Ponce, Puerto Rico, his predoctoral fellowship at the National Institute of Mental Health, and his five postdoctoral fellowships at McGill University, University of Montreal, Yale University, the Veteran Affairs-Connecticut Healthcare System, and the Syracuse Veterans Affairs Medical Center. In addition, Dr. Olivera-Figueroa has held faculty appointments at Yale University, Rutgers University, and the Ana G. Méndez University System-Capital Area Campus in Wheaton, Maryland. Evan Polman  (Ph.D., Cornell University) is Assistant Professor of Marketing at the Wisconsin School of Business, University of WisconsinMadison. He carried out his postdoctoral work at New York University. His research focuses on decision making, especially how people make decisions and judgments that involve others. John H. Powers  (Ph.D., University of Denver, 1977) is Professor Emeritus of Communication Studies at Hong Kong Baptist University, where he has been for the nearly 25 years. Previously, he taught in the Speech Communication Department at Texas A&M University in the USA. His research interests include paradigm building in the communication discipline, theory and criticism of public discourse, and the role of language in routine communication practices. He is editor, with Randy Kluver, of Civic Discourse, Civil Society, and Chinese Communities (Ablex, 1999), author of Public Speaking: The Lively Art (HarperCollins, 1994; McGraw-Hill, 2016), and editor, with Xiaosui Xiao, of The Social Construction of SARS: Studies of a Health Communication Crisis (Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 2008). He is currently developing three interconnected projects: Principles of Human Communication: A Tier-Based Introduction, Rhetorical Criticism of Public Communication: Discursive and Presentational Dimensions, and Toward a New Paradigm for the Human Sciences: A User’s Guide to Susanne Langer’s Philosophy of Mind. Danielle Blake Prentice (M.A., San Diego State University) currently lives in San Diego and previously completed the Marine Corps’ Officer Candidate School. She has researched communication aspects of interrogation and torture techniques, as well as health communication, and has presented her work

Notes on Contributors

  xxix

at the National Communication Association’s annual conference. She has also consulted with school districts and colleges to recover federal reimbursement dollars for campus medical services. In 2013, she decided to become a stayat-home mom. Michael S. Pritchard, Ph.D. is Emeritus Professor of Philosophy and former Director of the Center for the Study of Ethics at Western Michigan University. He is author or co-author of several books on ethics, including Communication Ethics, 2nd ed. (Wadsworth, 1994), co-authored with James A. Jaksa. He and Elaine E. Englehardt also served as co-editors of the journal Teaching Ethics. Douglas E. Pruim  (Ph.D., Purdue University, 2018) is a Clinical Associate Professor of Managerial Communications in the Krannert School of Management at Purdue University. His research focuses on adult communicative play. Richard Reardon, Ph.D. is a Professor of Psychology and Organizational Sciences at the University of Idaho. He received his training from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (A.B.) and the University of Georgia (M.S. and Ph.D.) in social psychology. He has published in the areas of memory source monitoring, cognitive generation, deception, and marketing communication. Reardon has also held various university administrative appointments at Idaho and the University of Oklahoma, where he spent the first half of his career. Peter O. Rerick  is a Ph.D. student in the Interdisciplinary Social Psychology Program at the University of Nevada, Reno. He is specifically interested in the study of social psychology and law. Piers Robinson  is Chair in Politics, Society and Political Journalism, School of Social Sciences, at the University of Sheffield. He researches international politics, communications, and contemporary propaganda with a particular focus on war and conflict. He is co-director of the Organisation for Propaganda Studies and convenes the Working Group on Syria, Media and Propaganda. He is author of The CNN Effect: The Myth of News Foreign Policy and Intervention (Routledge, 2002), co-author of Pockets of Resistance: British News Media, War and Theory in the 2003 Invasion of Iraq (Manchester University Press, 2010) and co-editor of the Routledge Handbook of Media, Conflict and Security (2017). Nicholas O. Rule, Ph.D. is an Associate Professor of Psychology and Canada Research Chair in Social Perception and Cognition at the University of Toronto, in Toronto, Canada. H. Russell Searight, Ph.D. is Professor of Psychology at Lake Superior State University. He received a Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from Saint Louis University and an MPH from Saint Louis University School of Public

xxx  Notes on Contributors

Health. Prior to his current position, Searight was Clinical Associate Professor of Community and Family Medicine at Saint Louis University School of Medicine and Director of Behavioral Medicine at the affiliated Forest Park Hospital Family Medicine Residency program. During that time, he also served as both member and chair of the hospital’s medical ethics committee. His recent areas of scholarly interest include mental health practice in primary health care, cross-cultural issues in mental health and medicine, and medical ethics. Jennifer A. Samp (Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1999) is a Professor of Communication at University of Georgia. Dr. Samp’s work illuminates how and why individuals do not always respond the same way when managing relational problems and conflicts with close friends, romantic partners, and family members. Dr. Samp is a Fellow of the UGA Owens Institute for Behavioral Research, a Faculty Affiliate of the UGA Center for Risk Communication, and a Faculty Affiliate of the Emory University Center for Injury Control. Her research has been supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, UGA Research Foundation, UGA Owens Institute for Behavioral Research, the Arthur W. Page Center, and the National Endowment for the Humanities. She is currently Chair of the Interpersonal Communication Division of the International Communication Association (ICA) and editor of the Southern Communication Journal. Sara M. Schewe  received a B.S. in Communication Disorders from Eastern New Mexico University in Portales, NM, and is a master’s student in communication sciences and disorders at University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire. R. Scott Tindale, Ph.D. is a Professor of Social Psychology at Loyola University of Chicago. His main research areas are individual and group decision making and group performance. His most recent work focuses on how groups and individuals differ when facing decisions with ethical implications. He also serves as an associate editor for Group Processes and Ingroup Relations. Kim B. Serota, Ph.D. is a Special Instructor in Marketing at Oakland University. As a veteran of more than 30 years in automotive marketing management, Serota teaches marketing research, marketing theory, integrated marketing communications, and management strategy. With a background in communication theory, his research interests include the prevalence of lying, the application of complexity theory to lie behavior, deception detection, and marketing deception. David Shulman, Ph.D. is a Professor of Anthropology and Sociology at Lafayette College. He has published five books and various articles addressing aspects of deception, impression management, marketing, and social psychology.

Notes on Contributors

  xxxi

Angelica Snyder received a B.S. in Psychology from Eastern New Mexico University in Portales, NM, and is a master’s student in mental health counseling at University of the Southwest. Anne Solbu, Ph.D.  is a Postdoctoral Research Associate in the Department of Communication at SUNY at Buffalo, where she also received her doctoral degree. Her area of study encompasses human nonverbal behavior with an emphasis on contextual assessment. She is involved in research on deception, including behavior while lying, deceptive intent, beliefs about lying, and deception detection. She is also interested in self-awareness and its implications on expression of emotion and behavior in general. Sarah A. Son, Ph.D. is Research Director at the Transitional Justice Working Group, a Seoul-based NGO focused on documenting human rights abuses in North Korea. She is also a Research Professor at Korea University’s Human Rights Center. Son was awarded her Ph.D. by the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London in 2014. Her research interests include North-South Korean relations, North Korean refugees, migration, identity, nationalism, transitional justice, and post-conflict peacebuilding. Lassiter F. Speller received a M.S. in Psychology from The Ohio State University in Columbus, OH, and is a Ph.D. student in Cognitive Psychology at The Ohio State University. Susan A. Stearns, Ph.D. is a Professor of Communication Studies at Eastern Washington University. She focuses her research interests in the scholarship of learning, Erving Goffman, deception, academic integrity, and organizational communication. A common theme through these diverse areas is discovering information leading to problem resolution. R. Weylin Sternglanz (Ph.D., University of Virginia, 2003) is an Associate Professor of Psychology at Nova Southeastern University. He is a social psychologist whose principal research focus is in the field of interpersonal perception. Primarily, he studies deception detection and the ability to decode nonverbal cues to emotions. Chris N. H. Street, Ph.D. is a Senior Lecturer at the University of Huddersfield, UK, and Director of the Social Conflict Lab. His work takes a cognitive theoretical perspective with an aim to understand how lie–truth judgments are formed by making use of behavioral experiments, eye tracking, and computational modeling. He is author of the Adaptive Lie Detector theory (ALIED) and is currently working to develop a computational model of ALIED under the ACT-R cognitive architecture. Tara Suwinyattichaiporn (Ph.D., Arizona State University, 2016) is an Assistant Professor at California State University, Fullerton. Her research emphasis is on the intersection of intercultural communication and personal/

xxxii  Notes on Contributors

social relationships. Her work has been presented at the National and International Communication Association conferences and appeared in Communication Teacher and Basic Course Annual. Golnar B. Teimouri  is a graduate of the M.A. Program in Social Sciences at the University of Chicago. For her M.A. thesis, she examined how members of congress portray U.S. mass shootings on their Twitter accounts. She also earned a B.A. from the University of California, Berkeley with a major in sociology and minor in human rights. Her work in the field of political science continues to focus on U.S. American politics. She currently works on a political campaign in Chicago. Catalina L. Toma (Ph.D., Cornell University) is an Associate Professor in the Department of Communication Arts at the University of WisconsinMadison. Her research examines how people understand and relate to one another when interacting via communication technologies (e.g., online dating, social network sites, and texting). She focuses on relational processes such as self-presentation, deception, and emotional well-being. James Trainum is a retired detective from the Metropolitan Police Department of Washington, D.C., where he spent the majority of his career in the homicide branch. He currently consults for Criminal Case Review and Consulting on questions regarding police practices, specializing in interview and interrogation tactics and the evaluation of statement evidence. Other projects include developing training for lawyers, judges, and police officers on identifying and avoiding pitfalls common to investigations. His research also looks into developing root cause analysis processes by which the criminal justice system can learn from investigative failures. Maureen van der Burgh is a Researcher and Forensic Psychologist at the Diagnostic Expertise Centre in the Netherlands. Lyn M. Van Swol (Ph.D., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) is a Professor in the Department of Communication Arts at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Her research examines information sharing in groups, advice utilization, and deception. Bruno Verschuere, Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Forensic Psychology at the University of Amsterdam. He regularly gives workshops and lectures on lie detection, has served as expert witness on lie detection in court, and has published over 50 papers on deception and lie detection. He is the co-founder of the European consortium of Psychological Research On Deception Detection (E-PRODD; http://eprodd.eu/). His latest book, Detecting Deception: Current Challenges and Cognitive Approaches edited together with Aldert Vrij and Pär Anders Granhag, appeared with Wiley in 2015.

Notes on Contributors

  xxxiii

J. Guillermo Villalobos is a Ph.D. candidate at the Interdisciplinary Social Psychology Program at the University of Nevada, Reno. He is interested in the psychological study of vulnerable populations in the criminal justice system, as well as in policy advocacy and reform. Cynthia Adarian Wartanian (B.A., Marist College) spent four years traveling the USA and abroad representing a luxury jewelry brand before shifting to the nonprofit community and managing fundraising events for underserved health conditions like blood cancers and epilepsy. In 2013, she decided to return to Long Island and the luxury jewelry industry where she focuses in ecommerce merchandising. Cynthia’s past research focuses on the communication aspects of interrogation and torture techniques, and has presented this work at the National Communication Association’s annual conference. Emma J. Williams, Ph.D. is a Vice Chancellor’s Fellow in Digital Innovation and Wellbeing in the School of Experimental Psychology at the University of Bristol. Emma is a chartered psychologist with the British Psychological Society and a chartered scientist with the Science Council. Her research interests include online deception, susceptibility to online influence, and human aspects of cyber security. John Paul Wilson, Ph.D. is an Assistant Professor of Psychology at Montclair State University in Montclair, New Jersey. Jeremy R. Winget is a graduate student of Social Psychology at Loyola University Chicago, where he is currently working toward his Ph.D. His main research interests focus on the factors that enhance or limit cooperation and conflict via group dynamics. His most recent work focuses on comparing individual and group decision making within moral dilemmas. William Douglas Woody, Ph.D. is Professor of Psychological Sciences at the University of Northern Colorado, where he teaches and conducts research on psychology and law, history of psychology, and teaching of psychology. His scholarship includes both experimental and historical studies of interrogation and confession. Marjorie Yambor, Ph.D. is an Associate Professor for the Department of Communication at Dalton State College in Georgia. She received a B.A. from Western Kentucky University, an M.A. from University of Alabama, and a Ph.D. from Michigan State University. In addition to her published work with Dada and violent artistic expression, she presents annual panels at the Broadcast Education Association and serves on the editorial board for Visual Communication Quarterly. Her experience in the advertising industry, college radio, and higher education—environments rich in their unique nuances of deceptive communication—has guided her research interests in popular culture, visual communication, cultivation, and gender.

List of Figures

Fig. 6.1 Left: lateral view of the human brain denoting locations of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), post-parietal cortex (PPC), ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC). Right: medial view of the human brain denoting locations of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and the amygdala Fig. 8.1 The effects of additional cognitive load on discriminating truthtellers’ from liars’ performance Fig. 10.1 Vertical axes represent raw LIWC percentages of the total word count. Striped bars indicate deceptive statements and solid bars indicate truthful control statements. * p