The Malatesta of Rimini and the Papal State: a political history 9780521200424, 9780521023641, 9780511096662

Table of contents :
Frontmatter (page N/A)
Preface (page vii)
Abbreviations (page ix)
Map of Romagna and the Marche in the later Middle Ages (page x)
1. The Papal State and Romagna in the thirteenth century (page 1)
2. Rimini and the rise of the Malatesta (page 21)
3. From commune to papal vicariate (page 42)
4. Galeotto Malatesta, 'ecclesie pugil' (page 79)
5. The prime of Malatesta rule: Carlo Malatesta (page 102)
6. The pontificate of Martin V (page 149)
7. Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, 'fex Italiae' (page 176)
8. The papal reconquest (page 240)
9. The government of Malatesta: I. The papal vicariate (page 262)
10. The government of Malatesta: II. The signoria (page 289)
Appendix (page 339)
Bibliography (page 347)
Index (page 361)

Citation preview

THE MALATESTA OF RIMINI AND THE PAPAL STATE

THE MALATESTA OF RIMINI AND THE PAPAL STATE A POLITICAL HISTORY

P. J. JONES Fellow of Brasenose College, Oxford

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS

Published by the Syndics of the Cambridge University Press Bentley House, 200 Euston Road, London Nw1 2pDB American Branch: 32 East 57th Street, New York, N.y.10022 © Cambridge University Press 1974 Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number: 72-87178 ISBN: O 521 20042 3

First published 1974 Printed in Great Britain at the University Printing House, Cambridge (Brooke Crutchley, University Printer)

Contents

Preface vit Abbreviations ix Map of Romagna and the Marche in the later Middle Ages x-xi

1 The Papal State and Romagna in the thirteenth century page 1

2 Rimini and the rise of the Malatesta 21

3 From commune to papal vicariate 42 4 Galeotto Malatesta, ‘ecclesie pugil’ 79 5 The prime of Malatesta rule: Carlo Malatesta 102

6 The pontificate of Martin V 149

7 Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, ‘fex Italiae’ 176

8 The papal reconquest 240

9 The government of the Malatesta: I. The papal vicariate 262

1o The government of the Malatesta: II. The ségnoria 289 Appendix 339 Bibliography 347 Index 361

FOR CARLA

Preface

This work was originally written, some twenty years ago, as a doctoral thesis in the University of Oxford, The reason for publication after so

long an interval is the growing evidence of demand for a general account of the Malatesta of Rimini based on modern research. No extended history of the Malatesta has appeared since the nineteenth century, nor has anything of the sort been published or promised in the past few years. Outside a small number of specialised articles, new

information has been mainly added in writings on other, related subjects: on neighbouring states and dynasties, like the Montefeltro and Polenta, or on Romagna and the Papal State in general. Little rewriting has therefore been necessary to bring the book up to date. Only the introductory chapter, handling themes subsequently discussed in works on papal government and Romagna in the thirteenth century, has been wholly recast and cut. Otherwise the original text is essentially unaltered, and revision has been mainly confined to work of abbreviation, especially of footnotes. To facilitate this, references have been minimised and almost all authorities quoted in brief, full titles being listed in the Bibliography.

At this date acknowledgements for help received must carry an obituary note. But Iam bound to recall the obligations incurred, from a very early stage, first to the late Professor E. F. Jacob, who suggested the subject (Carlo Malatesta and church unity) from which the finished study developed, and to the late Cecilia Ady, who acted as supervisor and placed at my disposal her intimate knowledge of fifteenth-century

Italian political history. In Italy too there are debts to record: to Professor Emilio Re, for help in Rome, to the Conte Piercarlo Borgogelli, who introduced me to the archives at Fano, and most of all, to Professor Augusto Campana of the Vatican Library, whose special

lifelong interest has been Romagna and Rimini (not to speak of Santarcangelo), and whose completed edition of the Cronache malatestiane is the most awaited contribution to Malatesta studies.

Brasenose College, Oxford P. J. JONES July 1973 [ vil |

Abbreviations

ARCHIVES ACF Archivio Comunale, Fano ASF Archivio di Stato, Firenze Arch. vat. Archivio segreto vaticano Bib. Gamb. Biblioteca civica Gambalunga, Rimini Bib. sen. Biblioteca del senato, Roma

PERIODICALS AMM Atti e Memorie della Deputazione di Storia Patria per le Marche

AMR Atti e Memorie della Deputazione di Storia Patria per le provincie di Romagna

AR Archivio della Societa Romana di Storia Patria ASI Archivio Storico Italiano ASL Archivio Storico Lombardo ASN Archivio Storico per le provincie Napoletane BU Bollettino della Deputazione di Storia Patria per ? Umbria OF OQuellen und Forschungen aus italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken

RO Rémische Quartalschrift

SP Studia Picena SR Studi Romagnoli SS Studi Storici VSWG Veertelahrschrift fir Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte ZRG Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung fir Rechtsgeschichte

COLLECTIONS AND HISTORIES MGH Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Hannover, 1826-.

RIS Rerum Italicarum Scriptores, ed. L. A. Muratori, Milan, 1723-51.

RIS? Rerum Italicarum Scriptores, ed. G. Carducci, V. Fiorini, Citta di Castello, 1900ff. [ viii ]

ABBREVIATIONS ix Theiner Codex diplomaticus temporalis S$. Sedis, ed. A. Theiner, Rome, 1861-2. Battaglinit Zecca: F. G. Battaglini, Memorie istoriche di Rimino scritte ad illustrare la zecca riminese, Bologna, 1789.

Vita: F.G. Battaglini, Della vita di Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, Rimini, 1794. Clementini C. Clementini, Raccolto storico della fondatione di Rimino, Rimini, 1617.

Tonini L. and C. Tonini, Storia civile e sacra riminese, Rimini, 1848-82.

“or other works cited in abbreviated form see Bibliography.

a Bologna |

Bagnacavallo \

ROMA G N/A skeen’

Imola? e \ Faenza & co? e ~ + AY \

| iS| Qos e BS Cervia ot Forli Qe WKN ; ”. Forlirnpopoli Cesenatico

,a

‘Modigliana Castrocaro ¢ Pop a. Sas

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. Roncofreddo* arcarigelo SnSS Civitella Montegelli, *Sogliano . oe Verucchio & PS ae OE

} Sar ye. ‘Marino Tes~~tira < owt °, SAgita® $ Leo 0 Montery alec FIlorence vo AmMonitete! wl Pepnabilli® . Yong. , 0 “ler het ey, /Grid aay rimandy eeMontes

= [at f cots oe 2% he Sa. ose “0 Poppi A= HOE, “gt Vel"agF°rvara TP (eb ley, OU rbino Mercatello Aor Cretaurs f

Bg e |Cagli® Perge a . JSF 2d SAngelo 2% 1

aS Sint Vado Castel re 4

S.Sepolcre Durante 77, 290 280n, 283n, 289n, 293n, 296n, 297, Giuliozzo, 296, 306n 302N, 304-5, 309N, 317-19, 321-3, Guido, 60

325-7, 329n, 331n Leale, 301n

Carlo di Roberto, 251-5, 261, 333, Lodovica, 296n

335-6 Lucrezia, 197n, 209, Caterina, 68 Maddalena, 36 213

Contessina, 249n Margarita di Galeotto, 113 Costanza, go Margherita di Sigismondo, 209, 213

Domenico (Novello), 165, 168-9, 172, Malatesta da Verucchio, 28-41, 56,

178-80, 182-8, 190, 193-4, 196, 72

203-5, 208-10, 212-14, 217-18, Malatesta “della Penna’, 26n, 27-8, 35

223, 226-9, 233, 235-7, 241-2, Malatesta di Giovanni, 26 264n, 265-8, 276, 278, 285n, 287, Malatesta di Pandolfo (‘Guastafamig290-1, 293N, 295n, 297-8, 300nN, lia’), 51n, 55, 57-86, 99n, 106, 265,

322n, 324, 328n 267-9, 289n, 29IN, 294, 301, 303, Ercole, 266 305-6, 308, 312 Ferrantino di Malatestino, 49, 50, 51, Malatesta di Sigismondo, 204, 212, 324 52, 53N, 55, 56, 57-8, Go-1, 62, 67, Malatesta ‘Ungaro’, 66, 70, 72n, 79-

68, 71, 106, 295n 86, 88-90, 128n, 265, 267, 292,

Ferrantino Novello, 57, 60-1 295n

Galeotto Belfiore, 91, 102-3, 105, 110, Malatestino ‘dall’ Occhio’, 31, 36, 114, 116, 154, 161n, 265, 306, 322n, 37, 40, 41, 49, 50, 51, 56n, 61n

328n Malatestino di Ferrantino, 52, 57-8,

299 Masia, 68

Galeotto di Almerico, 251, 253, 296, Go

Galeotto di Andrea, 138n, 141n, 146 Pandolfo I, 36, 41, 48, 51, 53n, 54, 55,

Galeotto di Pandolfo, 51n, 59-101, 56n, 57, 61n

1o4n, 106-8, 112, 128n, 265, 267-8, Pandolfo II, di Malatesta Guasta273n, 274-6, 278, 279n, 284n, 289- famiglia, 58n, 64, 65n, 69n, 71n, QI, 295n, 296, 298, 300n, 301-5, 72n, 80n, 84, 86, 87, 89, 90, 168, 308, 312, 315, 317M, 320, 322, 324, 265, 267, 294, 301, 308n, 319,

329n 322n, 326

INDEX 367 Malatesta of Rimini (cont.) Alberghettino, 40 Pandolfo III, di Galeotto, 91, 102-3, Astorgio I, 97, 106, 113, 117, I1g9n, 105, 190M, I1IN, 112, 113, 114, 1I§N, 121-2 116, I17N, 118, 119, 123-5, 128n, Astorgio II, 180, 195n, 196n, 211n, 129, 134, 137N, 142, 146-7, 154-8, 212, 218, 232, 233n, 237 163-7, 265, 267n, 268, 271n, 276n, Galeotto, 329n 283n, 286, 290-3, 298, 300n, 302, Gian Galeazzo, 106, 117, 135-6 ZION, 312M, 315, 317, 320N, 322-4, Giovanni, 46n

326-7, 329N, 330-1 Guglielmo, 46n

Pandolfo IV, di Roberto, 25 1-7, 260-1, Guidaccio, 195 266, 267n, 271, 280, 287, 291, 294, Guidantonio, 184, 186n 297N, 299n, 306n, 324n, 328-9, 333-8 Taddeo, 230 Pandolfo di Sigismondo, 245n, 252 Mantua (see a/so Gonzaga), 222-4, 226,

Paola Bianca, 99 227n Paolo ‘il Bello’, 33n, 36, 37, 57 Congtess of, 222

Parisina, 122, 155n, 168, 179, 213n Marittima, province of, 1, 99n, 126

Polissena, 300n Marsano, Bernardo count of, 58n Raimondo di Almerico, 246, 252-3,296 Martin IV, pope, 8, 18, 36

Raimondo di Gaspate, 300n Martin V, pope, 152-71, 173, 174, 216,

Ramberto di Gianciotto, 57-8 265-6, 271n, 286n, 287, 329n

Ramberto di Giovanni, 27 Mary of Savoy, duchess of Milan,

Rengarda (I) di Galeotto, 90 20In

Rengarda (II) di Galeotto, 110, 160, | Maschi, family of, 298

161 Massa di Romagna, 183n

Ricca, 300n 185n

Rengarda di Malatesta da Verucchio, 36 Massa Trabaria, 96n, 106, 144, 160, 171,

Roberto di Pandolfo IV, 338 Matelica, 19, 145n Roberto di Sigismondo, ‘il Magni- Mecla, 74n fico’, 177, 186n, 204, 210, 212, 219, Medici, family of, 241, 249 227, 230M, 237, 241-2, 245-51, 255, Cosimo de’, 177-8, 201, 206-7, 233,

266, 280, 287, 295n, 311n, 312n, 293n, 323n

324, 328 Lorenzo de’, 249, 252, 258n, 331n

Roberto di Sigismondo H, 266 Pier Francesco de’, 239

Sallustio, 241, 245-7 Meldola, 98, 102, 104, 154, 179, 242, Sigismondo Pandolfo, 165, 168-9, 247n, 261, 264n, 266, 290n I7I—2, 174-245, 264n, 265-8, 270- Mengardoni, Pandolfo de’, 168 I, 275, 276n, 278-80, 285, 287, 289- Mercatello, 160, 164, 185n

QI, 293, 295-9, 301-4, 308-9, Michelotti, Biordo, 116, 152 311-12, 315-16, 319-25, 327-32 Migliorati, lords of Fermo, 150n, 259n,

Sigismondo II, 256, 266n, 337 299n

Simona, 36 Ludovico, 126, 138, 144-8, 152, 156 Taddea, 68, 99n Mogliano, Gentile da, 66, 69-70,

Troilo, 2510 73n, 74, 76

Valerio, 209, 243, 247 Mondaino, 58, 60-1, 203, 232, 264n Malatesta, counts of Sogliano, 40, 41, Mondavio, 102, 104, 116, 168, 170, 174,

56n, 71n, 162n, 17In, 217n, 296, 18in, 182n, I90Nn, 195, 210Nn, 213,

314n, 338n 22IN, 223-4, 228, 229n, 230n, 231-

Carlo, 232, 237N, 239, 297 2, 239, 243-4, 246, 247, 264n, 2710N,

Giovanni, 180, 297 276, 281n, 283n, 285n, 292n, 293n,

Manfred, 3, 33 295N, 299, 308, 310N, 312-13, 315-

Manfredi, lords of Faenza, 17, 19, 36, 47, 16, 320n, 322n, 328

Gon, 73n, 79-80, 93, 101, 106, 112, Mondolfo, 66n, 98n, 102, 109, 116, 237,

I13, 117-18, 121-2, 149n, 156, 158, 264n, 290, 292N, 302, 312 164n, 169, 183-5, 212, 236, 239, 338n Monlione, 58, 270

368 INDEX Montalboddo, 116, 123, 147, 154, 203n, Montegello, 110, 185n, 193, I95n 213n, 280n, 290, 293n, 298n, 302n, Montegiano, 290

308-10, 313n, 315n, 328n Montegiorgio, 138n

Carlo, da, 123n Montegrimano, I95n, 197n, 204

Montebello, 98n, 108n, 1o9n, rion, Montelocco, 171

217Nn, 312 Montelupone, 147, 171, 316n

Monteboaggine, 193, 195n, 204 Monteluro, 188, 195, 200, 206n, 207n

Monte Cagnano, 48n, 294 Monte Marctano, 209, 221n, 223-4, 228, Monte Cassiano, 137, 147, 154, 209, 229, 234, 239, 267N, 294N, 295n, 313N

267n, 294n, 308, 324 Montenovo, 98n

Montecavallo, 230 Monterado, 322n Montecerignone, 195n, 197n, 204, 217n Monterolo, 213, 283n, 306n, 312, 321n, Montedoglio, counts of, 17 322n Montefano, 116, 170 Monte Rubbiano, 138

Montefeltro, 12, 26, 30, 51n, 98, 104n, Montescudolo, 226n, 243, 275n, 290 106, 108n, 116, 157n, 161-2, 170n, Monte Tassi, 195 185, 187, 191, 193-5, 197, 200, Montevecchio, 187n, 232, 329n 202-4, 213, 219N, 221, 223-4, 231, Montevenere, 116, 264n

239, 242n, 264n Monti di Pieta, 325n

counts of, 17 ff., 20n, 25n, 27n, 37-8, | Monticoli, family of, 299n 45, 48, §5, 60, 64, 66, 89n, 92-4,97, Montolmo, 138, 145n, 189, 316n 1OIn, 106-10, 111, 149n, 150n, 153, Montone, Braccio da, 127, 137, 145-8,

154, 174, 180, 186-7, I90, 253, 152-4, 160, 161

254n, 294, 296n, 326 Montottone, 259n

Anna, 110 Moriale, Fra, 66, 70, 73 Antonio, 94, 107-10, 112, 11§n, 118, Morro, 221n, 224, 226n I5on, 161n

Battista, 166n Naples, kingdom of (see a/so under Anjou

Federigo, 48, 50, 51, 54, 55 and individual rulers), 75, 76, 85, Federigo di Guidantonio, duke of 87, 100 _ Urbino, 164-5, 171, 177, 185, 187- Narni, 116, 160n 8, 190-7, 199-200, 202-8, 210-12, Nicholas III, pope, 34 214-37, 239, 240, 242, 246-7, 250, Nicholas IV, pope, 10, 32

266, 276, 31In, 325n, 328 Nicholas V, pope, 170n, 196-8, 200-4,

Giovanni, 144n 209-12, 266, 267n, 285

Guidantonio, 110, 134n, 136, 147, Nidastore, 230 151, 159-68, 171, 174, 181, 184-5,

190, 193 Offagna, 116n, 145n, 171, 281n, 283n

Guido, 17-18, 19, 30, 31, 33-4, 37-40 Omodei, family of, 29, 30

Guidobaldo, duke of Urbino, 334, Orciano, 281n

337 Ordecelafh, lords of Forli, 17, 19, 20n, 48,

Isabetta, 247-8, 251, 295n, 328 51, 53, 55, 56, 68, 73, 76, 80, 93 ff., Oddantonio, duke of Urbino, 190-1, 98-9, IOI, 104n, 105-6, III, 114n,

193, 266 I1§, 117, 121, 136, 149n, 153n, 182—

Speranza, 51 §, 212, 233n, 236, 239, 294n

Sveva, 216-17 Antonio, 122, 136, 180, 182-3, 197n

Violante, 181, 187, 193, 197, 204, Cecco di Antonio, 197n, 237

227N, 242n, 295n Cecco di Giovanni, g9n, 105, 122

3, 309n 76n, 79-80

Monte Filottrano, 116, 145n, 283n, 302— Francesco, 46n, 64, 66, 67, 7on, 74,

Montefiore, 86, 232, 233n, 239, 259n, Giorgio, 122, 136, 157 275M, 290, 295, 298, 310n, 313n, Giovanni di Francesco, 68, 98

332n, 334 Giovanni di Ludovico, 99n, 112 Montefotogno, 185n Lucrezia, 122

INDEX 369 Ordelaffi, lords of Forli (cont.) 31-3, 34-7, 44, 46n, 51, 71, 99, 103,

Ludovico, 68, 76n, 98 149; revenue and taxation, 5, 44n, Pino I, di Giovanni, 99n, 101, 105, 118n 46n, 53-4, 92, 105, 149, I5I-2,

Pino Il, di Antonio, 231 257N; vicariate (see a/so Malatesta of

Scarpetta, 5on Rimini, vicariate), 43,97, 98-9, 100,

Sinibaldo, 97, 98-9, 105 104~5, 109, 127, 135-6, 138, 149-

Tebaldo di Giorgio, 157-8 50, 152-3, 160, 164, 165, 166n, 182, Tebaldo di Ludovico, g9n 183, 197, 231, 233, 257-8, 262-88,

Orsini, family of, 90n, 138, 153 336

Aldobrandino, count of Pitigliano, ‘Parcitade’ (Pater civitatis), 21, 30, 329

210-11 Parcitadi, family of, 28, 29, 30, 37-40, Bertoldo, 36 62, 71n Gianantonio, prince of Taranto, 219, Concordia, 28, 30, 35 226, 228, 231, 233 Galassino, 40

Napoleone, cardinal, 49-50 Giovanni, 40

Napoleone, 246 Montagna, 32, 40

Paolo, 120, 135n, 138, 144n Parcitade, 30, 33

Rinaldo, g9n Parcitadino, 40

Orvieto, 74, 147, 152 Ugolino, 29, 30

Osimo, 51, 53n, 65, 72, 116, 123, 145n, Ugolino ‘Cignatta’, 40, 62n 157, 168, 170-1, 257, 282n, 297, Pasti, Matteo de’, 194 302n, 303, 308-9, 313n, 315-16, Patrimony, Tuscan, province, 1, 2, 8n,

320N, 324N, 329 47, 108, 116, 180

Ottrano, 116n Paul II, pope, 241-8, 257, 266, z291n, 300n Paul IV, pope, 266

Paderno, Go, 75 Penna Billi, 26, 163, 170n, 203, 223n,

Paganelli, 298n, 299 239, 264n, 275n

178 Pentapolis, 2, 21

Pagani, Maghinardo, da Susinana, 18,19, Pennarossa, 185n

Palazzo, Bartolomeo da, 270-1, 298-9 Pepolt, lords of Bologna, 47, 60, 68

Palterieri, Margherita, 35 Obizzo, 68

Papacy (see a/so Papal State) Taddeo, 68, 104 and communes, 3-4, 7 ff., 46n, 92, Perfetti, Niccolo de’, 191, 195n

149-50, 153, 257-9 Pergola, 65n, 66n, 104, 108, 168, 170-1,

and despots, 1, 10-11, 45-6, 92ff., 18In, 190N, 194, I95n, 203, 205,

149-50, 152-3, 257 213, 22IN, 223-4, 230, 264n, 283n, and empire, 2-4, 42-4 285n, 294n, 308, 312-13, 315-16 and feudatories, 3, 11, 47 Angelo della, 159, 162

at Avignon, 42-5 Perleoni, family of, 298, 318n Papal state Perugia, 8n, 47, 49n, 52, 58, 60, 61, 68-9, origins and boundaries, 1-2, in the 74, 75, 87, 92, IoIn, 107-8, 112, thirteenth century, 1-11, during the 116n, 119, 120, 127, 133n, 134, Avignonese papacy, 42-7, 91-6, 138n, 145-7, 150M, 153, 331Nn during the Schism, 96-7, 99, 104~5, | Pesaro (see a/so Malatesta of), 25, 34, 37N,

119, 148-52, in the fifteenth century, 43n, 48, 55, 58, 59, 64, 65n, 67, 71,

152-4, 257-9 72n, 76, 86, 90n, 98n, 102, 104, 129,

cardinalsand, 6, 151,153, 239, 243, 258 145, 174, 180, 187, 189-93, 195,

government of, 4-5, 8-9, 44-7, 91-3, 196-7, 199-202, 206-8, 213-14, 148, 257; jurisdiction, 5, 9, 77, 263, 216, 228, 231, 237N, 252-3, 259n, 272; legislation, 5, 6, 44, 46, 91, 264n, 265, 268-9, 272n, 273, 275N, 258n; military service, 5, 53, 73n, 281-3, 285, 287n, 290-1, 294-5, 76-7, 82, 263, 279-80; parliaments, 298n, 300-5, 308-13, 317-19, 322n, 5,6, 31, 34, 36, 54, 59, 70-1, 77, 80, 325, 330, 333N 104, 156, 263, 280; rectors, 4, 6, 7n, la Tojmba di, 195

370 INDEX Petrarch, 84n, 90 Ravenna (see a/so Da Polenta, Traversari),

Pezzolo, 290 13, 15-16, 18-19, 31, 36, 49, 57, 61, Philargos, Peter, of Candia (see also 112, 142, 183, 234, 235

Alexander V, pope), 123n, 127, 131 church of, 3, 9n, 14n, 15, 18, 23, 24-5,

Piccinino, family of, 152 27N, 30, 37n, 48n, 82n, 100-1, 104, Francesco, 183, 186n, 189, 190n II12, 144, 179n, 264n, 267n, 276n, Giacomo, 214-15, 217-30, 233, 237 294, 297n

Niccolo, 181-6, 188 Exarchate of, 2

Piccolomini, family of, 176, 258 Recanati, 75, 138, 144n, 145n, 147 Aeneas Sylvius (see Pius Il, pope) Riarii, family of, 258

Antonio, 238-9, 241, 246n, 264 Girolamo, 249-50, 252

Giacopo, 239, 245 Rienzo, Cola di, 72

Pico della Mirandola, Gianfrancesco Rimini, 11n, 14, 17, 21 ff, 43n, 49, 50n,

231 sin, 53-5, 57-64, 71, 76, 82, 85-6,

Pietramala, family of, 162n 87n, 102, 104, 128, 129-30, 134,

Galeotto de’ Tarlati da, 98 145, 147-8, 159, 169-73, 203, 231-3,

Masio da, go 236-48, 251, 256, 260-1, 264n, 266,

Pietramaura, 185n 268-9, 275n, 281-2, 285-7, 289-90, Pietrarubbia, 108n, 163, 221n, 224-5, 293-6, 298-9, 301-38

229, 232 church of, 24

Pieve di Sestino, 98n, 203, 264n commune of, 21 ff., 53-4, 61-4, 71-2,

Pii, lords of Carpi, 212 83, 163, 179, 251, 307 ff.

Marco, 218 contado of, 23 ff., 59, 60-2, 75, 144,

Pili, Ugolino de’, 189n, 271n, 329 248

Piombino, 153, 200 economy of, 21, 323-4, 327 Pisa, 67, 68, 76, 84, 120 guilds in, 22, 323n

Council of, 130-3, 138-9, 151 population of, 13, 21, 285, 327

Pisanello, 194 port of, 117n, I19n, 321

Pius II, pope, 26n, 172n, 175, 176-7, privileges of, 7n, 23, 24, 53-4 180n, 186n, 189n, 199n, 202, 203, statutes of, 22, 62, 63, 71-2 204N, 211, 220-39, 241n, 245, 264, Ripa, 313-14, 320n, 322n, 330

266, 276n, 278, 279, 287 Ripalta, 108n, 109, 204, 290

Plethon, Gemistos, 242n Ripatransone, 65n

podesta, podesteria, 9-10, 14, 16, 18, 36, 48, Robert, king of Naples, 42, 50-3, 56n,

62-3, 71,77, 121, 159, 272-3, 301-3, Go 315-16, 319, 327N, 335 Rocca Malatestiana, 30, 183n, 194, 213n, Polenta, castle of, 18, 101, 112, 116, 184, 275n, 303n

242, 264n, 290n Roccacontrada, 65n, 74, 105, 138, 145n,

Polenta, Da, lords of Ravenna, 17, 18-19, 18in, 188, 190n, 194 20n, 31, 36, 48, 53n, 55n, 66, 67, Roccasecca, 133 68n, 97, 112, 120, 150n, 154, 169, Roche, Androin de la, 80-81

183-5, 282n, 331n Roelli, family of, 298, 299n, 318n

Bernardino, 35, 36, 48, 301n Leonardo, 168, 172, 179

Francesca, 36~7 Romagna, 1-3, 5-8, 10-21, 32-4, 42, 46, Guido di Lamberto, 34, 36, 51 50, 54, 58-60, 67, 72, 79-80, 97,

Guido di Ostasio, 96, 97, 100-1, 104 103, 110, 112, 116-17, 121-3, 135-7,

Obizzo, 146 145, 148, 152, 157-9, 197, 281-4

Ostasio, 56n, 60, 66, 71, 344 Rome, 1, 46, 87-8, 94, 95, 96, 116, 117n,

popes, see under individual pontifts 126-7, 133, 153

Pouget, Bertrand du, cardinal, 45, 57, Romsey, Richard, 101

59-Go, 67, 70 Roncitello, 290, 322n

Pozzo Alto, 195 Roncofeddo, 56, 58, 60, 102, 290, 294 Rontagnano, 185n, 193

Ranchio, 123 Rovere, della, family, 258

INDEX 371 Roversano, 105 Savignano di Rigo, 185n, 193 Rupert III] of Bavaria, Count Scala, Della, lords of Verona, 43n, 68, 81,

Palatine, 118, 130, 140 III, 112

Rupola, 284n, 328 Antonio, 111n

Bartolomeo, 111n

Sacchetti, Franco, 92 Cansignore, 88, 111 Salimbeni, of Siena, 88-9 Mastino, 47

salt, saltworks, 234n, 236 Scapezzano, 322n tax, §n, 292-4, 336 Scorticata, 26, 102, 179, 283n, 295, 305 trade, 13, 285n, 293 Serra dei Conti, 123, 170

Saltara, 290 Serrasanquirico, 49

Saludeccio, 243, 295n Serravalle 259n, 305

Salutario, 121 Serrungarina, 174, 290

Sanatello, 185 Sforza, 138

San Costanzo, 174, 226n, 237, 271n, 290 of Buscareto, 109

San Cristoforo, 275n Caterina, of Forli, 254, 256, 259, 26on

San Giovanni in Galileo, 58 Michele Attendolo, 146n

San Giovanni in Marignano, 237 lords of Milan, 246-7, 312n; Fran-

San Giovanni in Persiceto, 118, r119n, cesco, 124, 152, 165n, 177n, 181-

I20n, 136-7, 154 97, 199-203, 205-12, 214-29, 232nN,

San Leo, 37n, 55n, 97, 98, 108n, Io9n, 233N, 234-9, 241-2, 31In, 322; 162, 170N, 187, 203, 230, 232, 239, Ippolita, 212n; Ludovico, il Moro,

264n, 275n 249; Polissena, 176, 186, 187, 201,

San Lorenzo in Campo, 1gon 206n, 213n, 232n

San Marino, 26, 39, 55, 97, 162, 185, 187, lords of Pesaro: Alessandro, 187, 191-

206, 212, 229N, 233, 236, 239 2, 19§, 197, 200-1, 206-7, 209, 212,

San Mauro, 28, 270n, 298n 216-17, 227, 228n, 229, 239, 246,

San Procolo, 17, 34 276; Battista, 325n; Costanzo, 249,

San Ruffilo, 81, 82n 2§2n, 279n

San Sepolcro, 90, 98, 102, 103n, 117n, Siena, 68, 69, 74, 75, 87, 88-9, 124nN,

128, 1§7n, 170, 183, 285n, 290, I5on, I5In, 210-11, 214, 236 293n, 294n, 296, 300, 302n, 308, Council of, 166 310, 312-13, 315, 325, 329 Sigismund of Hungary, emperor, 130, San Severino, 66, 74,127, 145n, 153, 259n 134-5, 139-43, 155, 180

Polissena da, 103n Simonetti, lords of Tesi, 53n, 94n, 109,

Sanseverino, Roberto, 250 127, 1§0n, 259n

Sant’Agata, 156n, 162, 170n, 179, 203, Lomo, 65n, 66, 74

223n, 264n, 276n, 298 Sinigaglia, 25, 49, §3n, 65n, 98, 104, 147,

Sant’ Anastasio, I95n, 197N, 204, 217Nn 168, 170-1, 180, 18In, I90, 192, Ssant’Angelo in Vado, 160, 164, 185n 195-6, 203, 210N, 213, 22INn, 223-4,

Santa Caterina of Siena, 92 228, 229n, 231-2, 237, 239, 246-8,

Santarcangelo, 24, 35, 55, 82, 97-8, 104, 2§1, 259n, 264n, 266, 267n, 270n, 175, 179, 232, 236, 239, 244, 255n, 271M, 275M, 290-3, 299N, 302N,

264n, 275n, 28In, 290, 300, 302, 313N, 31§n, 319-21, 326, 330

322N, 334 287n

303n, 308-9, 311, 314m, 320-1, Sixtus 1V, pope, 240, 248-52, 257, 266,

Sant’ Ippolito, 180, 217n, 298n Smeducci, lords of San Severino, 93n,

San Vito, 226n , 321n, 322n 138n, 259n

Sarsina, 144, 242, 266, 276n Ismeduccio, 66, 74 Sassocotvaro, 170, I7I, 195n, 205, 217N, Onofrio, 127

224, 236, 275n Soanna, 195n

Sassoferrato (see a/so Atti), 74, 109, 259n Sogliano (see a/so Malatesta, counts of),

Savignano, 30, 82, 290, 305, 308-9, 26, 40, 48, 51, 214n, 275n, 295

218-19, 322N, 334 Solara, 81, 83n

372 INDEX

Spoleto, 47 Varano, Da, lords of Camerino, 19, 45, duchy of 1, 2, 9n, 105, 116n, 160 46n, 66, 68, 91n, 93n, 94, 127, 138n,

Stacciola, 290, 292n, 299n 145, 147, I§on, I5In, 192, 259, Staffolo, 116n, 281n, 283n, 302n, 313n 329n, 332n

sumptuary laws, 324n Costanza, 191-2 Gentile, 90, 101 Talacchio, 297n Giulio Cesare, 213, 218, 229, 244, Talamello, 203, 238, 264n 245n, 251n

tallage, tallia militum, 5, 53-4, 61, 77, Niccola, 138n 153n, 263, 273, 282-4, 325n Rodolfo di Berardo, 75, 87, 90-1, 94,

Tartalti, Pietro, lord of Arezzo, 59 99, IOI

Tausano, 185n Rodolfo di Gentile, 138, 145 Tempio Malatestiano, 177, 201n, 202n, Rodolfo di Piergentile, 245n

204, 209N, 229n, 230n, 245, 296n, Venice, 13, 14n, 50, 55, 69, 74, 84n, 109,

299N, 321, 326 114, 11§n, 117, 124, 130, 133n, 137, Terzo, Ottobuon, 124-5 140, 142, 146, 147, Ison, 155-6, Todi, 105, 116, 152, 153 164, 169, 172-4, 179-80, 183-4,

Torelli, Guido, 162 186, 188-9, 194, 196, 198~204,

Toschi, Vannetta, 186n, 204, 247h, 206-10, 212, 215, 217-18, 221,

300on 228n, 229, 234-8, 240-7, 249-52, Paolo, 15 293n, 309n, 31IN, 318n, 322-5,

Traversari, of Ravenna, 15, 18 254-6, 260-1, 276, 287, 290, 292,

Pietro, 26 332-5

Trebbio, il, 26, 294 Verme, Jacopo del, 114 Trinci, lords of Foligno, 150n, 259 Vetucchio, 26-7, 214n, 232, 275n, 290, Corrado, 153, 160 294-5, 298, 30IN, 305, 310n, 334 Viano, 185n Ubaldini, Giovanni D’Azzo degli, 100- —- Visconti, lords of Milan, 43n, 47, 68-9,

I, 112 74, 80-1, 84, 87-9, 91, 93, 102,

Ottaviano degli, 29 111 ff., 124, 150n Ubaldino degli, 105 Agnese, 113n Ubertini, Andreino degli, 121 Ambrogio, 87 Uffigliano, 228 Bernabo, 80, 84, 86, 95, 113n

Umana, 66n Bianca, 190

Urban V, pope, 83, 86, 87, 89, 92n Filippo Maria, 142, 146, 152, 154-9,

108 194-8, 201N

Urban VI, pope, 96, 98, 99, 103, 162-4, 167, 174, 177, 180-6, 188,

Urbino (see a/so Montefeltro, counts of), Galeazzo, 84 12, 14, 17-18, 20n, 25n, 30, 37, 38, Gian Galeazzo, 87, 101, 102n, 108, 109, §2, 53n, 55, 58, 64, 71, 89, 92n, 94, I1I-19, 121, 123, 161n 106-9, 138, 139, 190, 194-5, 228, Giovanni, archbishop, 47, 68-9 287n, 29IN, 31IN, 320-1, 331nN, Giovanni Maria, 124-5, 154—-5 333

Werner, duke of Urslingen, 65, 68

Valdeponde, 37n . William of Holland, emperor, 23 Valdoppio, 233n , 297n Valturio, family, 298, 299 Zagonata, 159

Roberto, 199 Zappolino, 52