The History of Medications for Women: Materia medica woman 1850700028, 9781850700029

Table of contents :
Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Dedication
Acknowledgments
Section 1
1. Introduction
The evolution of materia medica woman
The scope of materia medica woman
Research: Problems and solutions
Presentation
Highlights of materia medica woman
Conclusion
Section 2 — Origins
2. The Prescription
The origin of the prescription
The origin of the Rx symbol
References
3. Ergot
Introduction
Introduction of ergot into official medicine
The modern use of ergot
References
4. Lettuce
The lettuce plant
History of lettuce
Historical uses of lettuce
Current use of lettuce
References
5. Mummy Medicine
Wolveridge’s mummy medicine
Mummification
Mummies as medicine
A selection of mummification agents
References
Section 3 — Chronology
6. Assyria
Introduction
The archeological story
The basis of the Assyrian medical system
Fertility and childbirth
The Assyrian herbal
Materia medica in ancient Assyria
References
7. Egypt
Introduction
The basis of the ancient Egyptian medical system
The ancient healers
Ancient Egyptian treatments
Fertility and childbirth
Female disorders
Male disorders
The medical papyri
Examples of women’s materia medica in ancient Egypt
Glossary of ancient Egyptian fertility deities
References
8. Biblical Times
History of the Bible
Biblical medicine
Botany of the Bible
Obstetrics and gynecology in the Bible
A selection of biblical materia medica for women
References
9. Greece and Rome
Introduction
Mythology and Greco-Roman medicine
Medicine in the early classical period
Alexandria
The Greco-Roman period
Medications for women
Examples from Soranus’ materia medica
Glossary of Greco-Roman medical terms
References
10. Byzantium
Introduction
Oribasius of Pergamum
Aetius of Amida
Alexander of Tralles
Paul of Aegina
A selection of Byzantine materia medica for women
Medications for women prescribed by Aetius of Amida
References
11. The Arab Influence
Introduction
Arabian obstetrics and gynecology
Arabian materia medica
Serapeon the Elder
Rhazes
Haly Ben Abbas
Avicenna or Ibn Sina
Albucasis
Avenzoar
Averröes
Safavid medical practice
Arab medicine in the early twentieth century
A selection of Arabian materia medica for women
Arabian drugs and their uses recorded in Francis Adams’ Paul of Aegina
References
12. The Late Middle Ages
Introduction
John of Arderne’s De Arte Phisicali et de Cirurgia
A Leech Book or Collection of Recipes
Medieval Woman’s Guide to Health
A selection of medieval materia medica for women
References
13. The Sixteenth Century
Introduction
The Little Book for Women
Der Schwangern Frauen und Hebammen Rosengarten
The Byrth of Mankynde
De Conceptu et Generatione Hominis or The Expert Midwife
Walter Cary’s A Boke of the Properties of Herbes
William Turner’s Herbal
Turner’s A Booke of the Natures and Properties... of the Bathes
Gerard’s Herball
Paracelsus: A change of direction
A selection of materia medica from the sixteenth century
The Byrth of Mankynde materia medica
References
14. The Seventeenth Century
Introduction
Culpeper’s Directory for Midwives
Culpeper’s Pharmacopoeia Londinensis: or the London Dispensatorie
Culpeper’s A Key to Galen’s Method of Physick
Culpeper’s The English Physician Enlarged
Nicholas Culpeper: A biography
James Wolveridge’s Speculum Matricis: or The Expert Midwives Handmaid
François Mauriceau and The Diseases of Women with Child
A selection of seventeenth century materia medica
References
15. The Eighteenth Century
Introduction
Obstetrics, gynecology and materia medica in the eighteenth century
Fielding Ould’s A Treatise of Midwifery
Fielding Ould (1710–1789): A biography
Carl Linnaeus’ Materia Medica
Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778): A biography
William Smellie’s Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Midwifery
William Smellie’s A Collection of Cases and Observations in Midwifery
William Smellie’s A Collection of Preternatural Cases and Observations in Midwifery
William Smellie (1697–1763): A biography
A selection of eighteenth century materia medica
References
16. The Nineteenth Century
Introduction
Samuel Bard’s A Compendium of the Theory and Practice of Midwifery
Samuel Bard (1742–1821): A biography
Charles Meigs’ The Philadelphia Practice of Midwifery
The Pseudo-Aristotle series
Charles West’s Diseases of Women
Henry MacNaughton Jones and Uterine Therapeutics
Sidney Ringer’s Handbook ofTherapeutics
A selection of nineteenth century materia medica
References
17. The Twentieth Century
Introduction
Obstetrics and gynecology in the early twentieth century
Twentieth century advances in obstetrics and gynecology
A selection of twentieth century materia medica — Individual drugs
A selection of twentieth century materia medica — Drug groups
A selection of twentieth century materia medica — Drugs in pregnancy
Epilogue
A selection of twentieth century ‘alternative medications’
References
Section 4 — Special Subjects
18. Anesthesia and Analgesia and the Curse of Eve
Introduction
Midwifery in the pre-anesthetic days of the early 1800s
Controversies — medical and moral
Comparison between anesthesia and no anesthesia in labor in the nineteenth century
Other inhalation agents
Twilight sleep
Sedatives
Local and conduction analgesia
Anesthesia and maternal mortality
Biographies
Epilogue
References
19. Antiseptics, Antibiotics and Chemotherapy
Introduction
Childbed or puerperal fever
Tuberculosis
Venereal disease and its treatment
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Antisepsis
Chemotherapy
Antibiotics
A selection of antimicrobial agents
Biographies
Postscript
References
20. Blood Transfusion and Rhesus Disease
Introduction
Mythology
The early days
Blood pressure
Anticoagulants
Methods of transfusion
Blood groups
Blood transfusion in obstetrics
Congenital hemolytic disease — rhesus disease
References
21. Eclampsia
Introduction
Older treatments
Modern Treatments
Biographies
References
22. Family Planning
Introduction
Contraception through the ages
The condom
The ‘birth control’ movement
Marie Stopes’ Contraception
The legal ‘position’ of contraception in Britain, France and America
Hormonal contraception
Other forms of contraception
References
23. The Menopause
Introduction
The menopause and life expectancy
Menopause through the ages
A selection of treatments to induce menstruation
The twentieth century
Sex organ therapy, old and new
Other landmarks in hormonal therapy
Hormonal therapy: benefits and risks?
Medical, nonhormonal treatment
The menopause in various cultures
Complementary medicine
Traditional Chinese medicine
Conventional medicine and recent progress
Epilogue
References
24. Uterine Stimulants
Introduction
Uterine stimulants for labor
Oxytocin
Sparteine
Quinine and the OBE
Prostaglandins
The induction of labor
Biographies
References
Section 5 — Civilizations
25. The Orient
Introduction
China
Early medical development
A selection of Chinese materia medica
India
The Indian materia medica
A selection of Indian materia medica
References
26. The Americas
Introduction
The native North Americans
European discovery of the Americas
Colonial medicine
The nineteenth century
The twentieth century
Selected American Indian medicines
References
Section 6 — Appendices
Therapeutical Classification of Remedies
Abbreviations Commonly Used in Prescriptions
Sources of Illustrations
Index

Citation preview

THE HISTORY OF

MEDICATIONS

FOR WOMEN

Materia medica woman

THE HISTORY OF

MEDICATIONS

FOR WOMEN

Materia medica woman

Michael J. O'Dowd Consultant Obstetrician Gynaecologist

Portiuncula Hospital, Ballinasloe, Co. Galway, Ireland

CRc press ell! @

Taylo r & Fran cis Group Boca Raton London New York

CRC Press is an imprint of th e Taylor &; Fra ncis Grou p, a n informa business

Library of Congttss Cataloging-in-Publication Data O·Dowd. Michael J. The history of medications for women I by M.J. O·Dowd. p.; em. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-85070-002-8 (a1k. paper) I. Materia medica-History. 2. Women-Medical care-­ History. I. Tide. [DNLM: I. Drug Therapy-history. 2. Genital Di=. Female-history. 3. Alternative Medicine. 4. Genital Oi=. Female-n- nigrum (pepper) 115, 149

pistachio (Pistada tn-tbinthus) 42, 46

Pistada lmtiscus 70

pituitary extract 380--381

Place, Francis 348

placenta 52, 171, 399

biblical references 68

deliveryof92, 212,380,419

medicinal use of 5, 369, 398-399

retention of 149-150, 175, 220, 401

plaisters 181

Planned Parenthood Federation, USA 353

plantain (Plantago) 42, 46, 1SO, 1S1

Pkxaura homoma/Ja 416

Pliny the Elder 71, 78, 84-85, 88, 91, 228

podalic version 145, 333-334

podophyllotoxin 137

Podophyllum ptiatum (may apple) 71, 137

Polygaia tmuifoli4 (Siberian milkwort) 395

polymyxin B 313

pomegranate (Punica granatum) 1SO, 395

as contraceptive 74, 86

biblical references 73-74

pompholyx 190--191

poppy (Papawr) 56, 78-79, 164,284, 39S-396

as aphrodisiac 39

menstrual problem treatment 43

Populus gikadmis 70

Porter, Flint 327

postpartum hemorrhage 132- 133, 167, 220, 226, 419

blood transfusion 324

ergot use 6, 1S, 18, 20

poultices 18 I

pregnancy 174, 18S-186, 227

Ancient Egypt S1, 52, 57

biblical references 67, 69

BUtchkin tkr Schwangtrm Fraum (Little Book for

Women) 142

Dt Conc~tu n Gmn-ationt Hominis (The Expert

Midwife) 152-1 56

Dn- Schwangn-n Fraum und Htbammm Rosmgartm 142- 145

diabetes and 260--261

diagnosis of 52, 57, 58, 81, 114

folic acid and 247

HIV infection and 306-307

medications to avoid 224

multiple pregnancy 69

na~vorrUting186,207,219

teratogens 266-267

thyroid function and 262-263

see also childbirth; labor; midwifery

premature ejaculation 401

premature labor

biblical references 68

drug treatments 258-259

premenstrual syndrome (PMS) 246

Prescort, Oliver 17-18

prescriptions 50

abbreviations used in 429-436

origin of 11, 36

preserves 180

Pritchard, Jack 337

procaine 289

progesterone 5, 251-252, 355,370--371, 416-417

cancer therapy 253

isolation of 355

oral contraception 3SS-356

preterm labor treatment 258

progressive pernicious anemia 246

prolapse I 55, I 73, 200, 208, 227

Ancient Egyptian remedies 58

Byzantine remedies 98

Chinese remedies 401

Greco-Roman remedies 92

Prometheus 78

Prontosil6, 298, 303, 309, 312, 314

propantheline bromide 254

prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors 258

prostaglandins 382-384, 415-416

intracavemosal injection 25~257

prostaglandin E 1 deficiency 246

prostitution, biblical references 70

prothrombin levels, neonate 250

protoveratridine 336

Pruntlla vulgaris 82

Prunus dukis (almond) 188-189

Prunus pmica (peach) 398

Pseudo-Aristode hand-book series 223-224, 366

pseudomenopause, endometriosis treatment 252

pseudopregnancy, endometriosis treatment 252

Ptnwarpus draco 135

puerperal fever 150, 227, 297-303, 309

as contagious disorder 299-302

puerperium 167, 187- 188, 220

Ancient Egypt 52-53, 58

biblical references 69

451

A History ofMtdications for WOmtn

Chinese medicine 40 1

pulsology 392

Punica granatum see pomegranate

purgatives 221, 229

pyocyanase 309-310

Pythagoras 24

Qunrus infoaoria 103

quicksilver see mercury

quinine 5, 234

labor induction 228-229, 235, 382

radiotherapy 253-254

Rail, Theodore 16

Raloxifen 375

rape, biblical references 70

Raynold, Thomas 71, 73, 74, 134, 138, 211, 299

Tht Byrth ofManltynde (The Woman's Book)

146-152, 166-167

Read, Charles 254

Read, Grandey Dick 281

Red Emperor, Shen Nung 390-391

respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) 259-260

Reye, Ralph 244

Reye syndrome 244

Rhazcs 110-111, 115, 344-345

rhesus disease 317,325-328

investigations 326-327

prevention 328

treatment 327-328

rhesus monkey 326

rheumatic fever 243

Rhind, William 135

RhoGam (anti-0 immunoglobulin) 5, 325,

326,328

rhubarb (Rhtumpalmatum) 118-119,395

Ricci, James V. 97, 98-99, 345

Ricinus communis see castor oil plant

Riddle, John 74

Ringer, Sidney 226

Handboolt ofThmzptutics 226-227

rock rose (Cistus incanus) 164

Rodeck, Charles 327

Rohde, Eleanour Sinclair 157

Rome see Greco-Roman period

rose ofJericho (Anastatica hinochuntica) 164

rose of Sharon 164

rose (Rosa) 43, 44, 164-166

apothecaries' rose (R. gallica) 165

R. cmtijlora 165

R. tiamasctna 165

Rosslin, Eucharius 6, 142-145

Dtr Schwangtrn Fraum unJ Htbammm Rounga~142-145

452

Tht Byrth ofManltynde (The Woman's Book) 146-152. 166-167, 380, 412

Rosslin, Eucharius, Jr 145

Rotunda Hospital, Dublin 197, 279, 280

Rouyer, Pierre 50-51

Rowland, Beryll3, 105, 130

rubber 31

rubella 242, 267

congenital rubella syndrome 249

vaccine 248-249

Rubia cortlifolia (Indian madder) 406

RubiA manjista (madder of Bengal) 406

Rubia tinaoria 406

Rubin, Isidor Clinton 254

rue (Ruta gravtolms) 91, 137, 142, 149, 379

as contraceptive 86, 91

Rueff, Jacob 13

Dt Conctptu tt Gmtrationt Hominis (The Expen Midwife) 152-156

Rumtx alpinus (Monks rhubarb) 119

rupture of membranes

Assyrian remedies 44, 47

labor induction 339

Rx symbol 11-13

rye (&cale ctrtale) 15, 16-17

sabadilla (Schomocaulon officina/is) 336

Safavid medical practice: 113

saffron (Crocw sativus) 31, 43, 142, 166

sagapen 178

sage (Salvia officina/is) 374

St Anthony's fire (ergotism) 16-17, 158

StJohn's won (Hyptricum pnforatum) 374

St Valentine 188-189

salep 160

Salernitanus, Nicolas 124

Salerno, Italy 123-124

salicin 243, 410

Salicornia 38

salicylic acid 217,243-244

Salix alba (willow) 217, 243, 395

Sa/sola !tali 38

Salvarsan 308, 314

Salvia officina/is (sage) 374

Sanger, Margaret Higgins 343, 348-349, 353, 355

sanicle (Sanicula turopua) 160

saponins 373, 416

sarsaparilla (Smilax) 159

sassafras (Sassafras albidum) 412

satyrion (Orchis) 160

Sauronatae 164

Savill, Thomas D. 367

savin (funiptrUS sabina) 45, 137, 379

Schiller test 242

lntkx

schistosomiasis 53 Schleifer, Leonard 16

A Co/kction ofPmnnatura/ Ozses ana Obsnvatiom in MUiwifrry 209

Schomocaulon officina/is (sabadilla) 336 Schofield, F.S. 265 scopolamine 40-41, 283, 284 as sedative 286 scopoletin 41 0 &cak cn?ak (rye) 15 &cak cornutum 16 sedatives 157, 286-288 awalgesia 288 avenin (Brornethol) 288 barbiturates 287 chloral hydrate 286 ether-oil 287 lenuce 24 morphine 286 opium 286 paraldehyde 287-288 pentazocine 288 pethldine/meperidine/demerol 288 phenothlazines 287 recral sedatives 287 scopolamine 286 see also analgesia; anesthesia selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) 375 &li mllSSilimse (silver montanum) 149 semen 51, 350 Semmelweis, lgnaz Philipp 302-303 Senecio aumiS (golden ragwortlsquaw weed) 410 Serapeon the Elder 110, 115 Sertiirner, Friedrich Wtlhelm 78, 217 Serullas, Georges Simon 233 Seth 12, 23-24, 55 sex organ therapy 369-370 sexual hygiene, biblical references 66 Shah, Mazar H. 111, 112 Shaw, Wilfred 368 Shen Nung (The Red Emperor) 390-391 shepherd's purse (Ozpsella bui'S4-pastoris) 137-138, 161 Shippen, William, Jr 197 shittah 73 Siberian ginseng (Ekutherococcus smticosus) 398 Siberian milkwort (Polygala tmuifo/ia) 395 Siddah medicine 403 sildenafil (Viagra) 257- 258 silver montanum (&li massilimse) 149 Simpson, James Young 6, 217, 275, 276-282, 331, 415 biography 29(}....292 Sims, James Marion 225, 233 Sloane Manuscript No. 2463 13(}....139 Smellie, William 195, 196

biography 209-211

A Co/kerion ofCues ana Obsnvations in

MiJwifrry 209

Treatise on the Theory ana Practice ofMUiwifrry 205-209 Smilax 159,412 Smithells, R. W. 247, 249 Snow, John 275, 279, 282 biography 293 Solanum sp. 40, 42 Soranus of Ephesus 6, 71, 83,86-89,91, 102, 104, 105, 136,164,165,166,211,299,344.361,366,379 materia medica 91-92 southernwood (Artemisia abrotanumlarbomcms) 87, 150 sow-bread (Cyclamm) 161 soy (Glycine soja) 373 spa waters 159-160, 225 sparteine 381-382 Spencer, Herbert R. 182, 183 sperm whale (Physmr macrocephalus) 139 spermaceti 139 spermatorrhea 227 spinal analgesia 289-290, 338 Spirua ulmaria (meadowsweer) 243 spongia somnifera 124 squaw vine (Mitchtlla repnu) 410 squaw weed (&nt:cio aumiS) 410 Squire, William Wyatt 101, 102, 103, 115, 118, 229 Stachys officina/is (betony) 156, 160 Stachys pa/ustris 82 star anise (!Uicium verum) 395 Stearns, John 6, 17, 18, 217, 414 biography 384 sterility see infertility sterilization 350, 356 stilbestrol 252, 370 stillbirth 151 stinging nettle (Urtica tlioica) 38-39, 43 Stone Age 360 Stopes, Marie Carmichael 343, 348, 354 Contrttception 349-352 storax 43, 45-46 Streptomyces 312-313 streptomycin 267, 312, 417-418 Stroganov, Vasili Vasilievich 335-336 biography 340 Strychnos toxiftra 290 Strynchos nux-vomica 416 stypticin 2 51 styptol251 styrax (Styntx officina/is) 31, 43, 45-46 Styntx calamitis 178 sudorifics 221 sulfonamides 305, 312 Sun Szu-Miao 393

453

A History ofMtdications for WOmm

sweet dover (M~Iilotus) 264-265

sweet William (Armnilt rubra latifolilt) 161

sweetcorn (aa mays) 41 0

syntocinon 20

syntometrine 20

syphilis 116, 158-159, 267, 304,411

treatments 5, 6, 116-117, 158-159, 207, 227,

304,308,311,411-412

syrmaea 31

syrups 180

tamarind ( Tamarindus indica) 150, 159

tamarisk ( Tamarix) 44, 46

tampons, medicated 98, 100

Tao 'Way ofLift 392

tarragon (Artmrisilt dracunculus) 88

Tauret 52, 61

taxanes 253

Taxol6, 39, 253,418

Taxus baccata (common yew) 418

Taxus brrvifoli4 (Pacific yew) 39, 253, 418

teratogens 266-267

terebinthae oleum 40

testicular disease 126, 159

Ancient Egyptian remedies 58

tetracyclines 267, 312

thalidomide 249-250, 266, 267

Theophrastus 81-82

thiopentone 337

Th/4spi burs4-pastoris 137

Thompson, Reginald Campbell37-38, 39-46

Thompson, Samuel 217

thrush 227

Greco-Roman remedies 92

thyroid gland 261-264

hyperthyroidism 263-264

hypothyroidism 263

pregnancy and 262-263

thyrotoxicosis 263-264

thyroxin 261-262

Ttlt, Edward 363

tincture of iodine 233

tobacco 412

topoisomcrase inhibitor 253

touching 207

toxoplasmosis 267

trancxamic acid 251

tribromethanol 337

trichlorethylene 283

trichomoniasis 305

TrigoMi14fomum-grucum (fenugreek) 39, 51, 52, 148

TriUium autum (birth root) 138, 409-410

trimethadione 267

Triticum sp. (com) 46

454

troches 181

Trotula of Salerno 123-124, 133

ru-lal46

tuberculosis 303-304

tubocurarine 416

Turner, Daniel 347

Turner, William 117, 138, 164, 166, 225

Boolr~ ofth~ Natrms and Propmin... ofth~ Bathn 159-160

Hn-ba/157-159 nupcntine31,40,42,46

Tweedy, Hastings 335

biography 340

twilight sleep 283-286

twin pregnancy, biblical references 69

Tyler-Smith, W. 363

tyramine 19

Unani-libb medicine 403-404

ungcntum diapompholigos nichili 191

ungentum gallae 104

unstable bladder 254

Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) 38-39, 43

Ustilago maydis 15

Ustilago uac (com smut) 410

uterine disease 98, 129, 131-132, 157, 158, 173,

209,224,227

American Indian remedies 419

Ancient Egyptian remedies 54-55, 58

Arabian remedies 120

Assyrian remedies 44-46, 47

Byzantine remedies 98, 103, 104

carcinoma 98, 241

see also cervical cancer

discharges 225

Grcco-Roman remedies 92

inversion 220

sec also prolapse; puerperal fever

uterine stimulants see oxytocics

uterus 171, 185

vagina 171, 185, 198

diseases of 227

vaginal examination 199

vaginal pessaries, medicated 100-101

vaginismus 225

Valmana officina/is 82

valerianate of zinc 365

Valium 338

valproic acid 267

van Swieten, Gerhard 197

varicella 267

vasectomy 350, 357

venereal disease 159, 304-305

Jnda

American Indian remedies 419

Assyrian remedies 46, 47

biblical references 70

Greco-Roman remedies 92

see also specific diseases

Venus 24

veratrone 336

V..,-atrum album (white hellebore) 81, 86, 336

V..,-atrum viritk (green hellebore) 336

V..,-bma officina/is (vervain) 191-192

version 145, 333-334

vervain ( V..,-bma officina/is) 192-192

Vesalius, Andreas 152-153

Viagra 257-258

Viburnum opulus (cramp bark) 410

Viburnum prunifolium 251, 410

Vinca roua (periwinkle) 253, 418

violet (Viola odorata) 155

Vuag. R. 256

virginity, test for 124-125

vitamin A 267,306

vitamin K 250

Vitex agnus castus (chaste nee) 39, 46, 158, 227, 373-374

Vitis labrusca 40, 44

Vitis vinifrra (grape) 91

vomiting. in pregnancy 186, 207, 219

von Bayerland, Ortolff 141, 142

Buechkin tin Schwangnm Frauen (Little Book for

Women) 142

von Hohenhcim, Thcophrasrus Philippus Aurcolus Bombasrus

see Paracclsus

von Hoorn, Johan 164

von Rokiransky, Carl 252

von Ziemsscn, Hugh Wilhelm 321-322

vulvitis 227

Wallis Budge, Ernest A. 27-28

warfarin 265, 266-267

wax 31, 138-139

weights and measures 177

West, Charles 224

Diseases ofWomen 224

White, Charles 234, 300

white lily (Lilium candit/um) 148, 162-163

White, Priscilla 261

white wine 31

Whitridge Williams, John 232, 235, 260, 324, 339

Wiener, Alexander 326

Wilbush, Joel 362

wild pea40

Wilde, William R. 137

Williams, John 246

willow bark (Salix alba) 217, 243, 395

Wilson, Robert 359, 371

Ftminin~ Fom~L"T 371-372



windflower {AntmoM pulsatilla) 43-44

wine 91, 161

palm 31

white 31

wintergreen ( Gaulthma procumbms) 243

Wise, Thomas A. 404

Wolveridge, James 3, 27-31, 71. 103, 105, 114, 115, 118,

135. 137. 139. 182, 188-192, 331, 332

Matricis (The Expert Midwives Handmaid)

182-184

wormwood (Artnnisia absinthium) 87

Wren, Sir Christopher 318-319

Sp~culum

Yellow Emperor, Huang 1i 391

yew (Taxus baccata) 418

yohimbine 258

Young. James Harvey 236

aa mays (sweetcorn) 41 0 Zhou Dynasty 391-392

Zidovudine 305-306, 307

zinc oxide 190-191

Zingib..,- officinak (ginger) 203, 397-398

455