The Heart of Man

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IN TEN EMBLEMATICAL FIGURES. Calculated to

awaken and promote a Christian

Disposition.

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HARRISBURG, Printed and Published by Lutz 1

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&

Scheffer.

THE NEW YORK PUBLIC LIBRARY,

764075ANDA

ASTOR, LENOX

1 j

TILDEN FOUNDATIONS?

R

WHOSOEVER that

He was

Him

is

j

committeth

sin, transgresseth

transgression of

the

for sin is

L

1935

law.

the

the law

5

And ye know

to take away our sins 5 and in Whosoever abideth in Him, sinneth not; whosoever sinneth, hath not seen Him, neither has he known Him. Children! let no man deceive you: he that doeth right-

no

eousness,

is

committeth

manifested

sin.

— He

that

for the devil sinneth

from

righteous, even as he sin,

the beginning.

is

of the devil

For

this

;

is

righteous.

purpose was the Son of

God mani-

might destroy the works of the devil. Whosoever is born of God, doth not commit sin, for his seed remaineth in him, and he cannot sin, because he is born of fested, that he

God.

In this the children of

children of the devil. is

God

are manifest, and the

Whosoever doeth not righteousness,

not of God. 1

John

6, V.

4—10

TO THE READER

THIS and

work was

little

translated from the French,

at the earnest request of

some pious persons,

year 1732 at Wurtzburg, by the engraver of the University, with the following

was published

title

:

''

in the

Spiritual Mirror of Morality, in

which

who desires his salvation, may know the state of his soul, and pro-

every Christian,

view himself,

fitably learn to regulate his life according to

The of

editor dedicated

it

to the

it.''

Right Rev. Bishop

Wurtzburg and Bamberg, Frederic Charles,

^^with the assured hope,

(

as he expresses in the

would please to look work, with his princely and most gra-

dedication,) that his highness

upon

the

cious favor.''

Since the year 1732 till 1842, the taste of man has undergone a change but not the Truth this remains eternally unchangeable and I live in the

—

—

—

sure hope, that the spirit of the times will not consider such a

work with pleasure, and surely not

4

with mildness, but with extreme displeasure and

unkind ness. For this work represents the author of sin and spiritual slavery the Devil as also the author of life and the liberty of the children of God Christ in us in a very plain manner; and the spirit of the times laughs at Satan, as if he were

—

—

—

—

not

the spirit of the times believes not in Christ,

;

nor on the redemption through Him, as taught us in the this

holy scriptures.

very account,

this

But

since

we know

spirit of the times is

that

on

not of

God, but of the Devil, we therefore do not trouble ourselves so anxiously, whether this treatise be acWe abide with Christ ceptable for him or not. and the doctrines of the Apostles, and find them still so excellent, so sanctifying and so beautifying, that we would part with them for no opinion of the times whatever.

Christ and his Apostles expressly taught

God

has his kingdom in the faithful

living

I'A

them as

in his temple,

— As

and pious, by

by reigning withmaking

in them, reviving, purifying, sanctifying,

them happy and filling them with divine power, with heavenly peace, and eternal life; thus also Satan holds dominion in the wicked, the unbelievHe, the evil Spirit, worketh ing and ungodly evil within them, dwelleth in them, and maketh them wretched and unhappy. :

Christ taught

:

**The enemy

that

sowed

tares

•

5

among

the wheat, while

(Matth. 13,

25, 39.)

V.

cannot overlook them

;

that soweth the tares? it

more easy

men

slept, is the devil/'

The tares are here, we who will deny the sower, Thus would we only make

for this artful

enemy,

to scatter

his

tares.

Christ taught, and said to the wicked and unbelieving:

Ye

are of your Father, the Devil, and

the lust of your father you will do

derer from the beginning not in the truth

;

— he

is

no truth in him ; he speaketh of his own,

because there

when he speaketh

a

lie,

— he was a mur-

a liar, and abode

is

—

and the father of it. John 8, 44. Paul taught: Satan is a Prince, a powerful, a mighty Spirit, that ruleth in the darkness of tliis world: there are spirits in the air; we wrestle

for he is a liar,

against them.

Eph.

6, 12.

—

Paul taught Satan is the God of this world who darkens their of the wicked and unbelievers :

—

understanding, so that they cannot see the light of the glorious gospel of Christ. (2 Cor. 4, 4.) therefore a

work

It is

of the devil, a blindness of the

devil, not to believe in the gospel of Christ.

St.

power

Paul taught

:

Satan worketh and has his

in the children of disobedience.

are dead in sin,

who walk

The wicked

according to the course

of this world, according to the prince of the of the air.

Eph.

2, 2.

power

6

Satan is the adversary of good men and believers; their enemy, their tempter, that never Peter tauglit

:

resteth, that ever goeth about, like a roaring lion,

whom

seeking to

he

watch, to be

faith.

may

so])er,

devour.

and

— We are therefore

resist

him steadfast

in

Pet. 5, 8. 9.

1

John taught: Satan is the deceiver of the whole world. Rev. 12, 9. He is the author of sin, has

made

the beginning of sin, has brought sin into the

Avorld,

and death with

John taught devil

:

He

— but Christ

the devil.

James

John saith

:

is

sin.

1

John

that sinneth

come

to

is

3, 8.

the child of the

destroy the works of

3, 8.

Resist the devil and he will

from you. James

fly far

4, 7.

Jesus gave power unto his disciples

to

drive out

devils, and power over all the power of the enemy. Matth. 10, 8.— Luke 10, 19.

Paul sheweth (Eph. with which

we

5, 13.) the

armor of God,

are to strive against Satan, and

maintain the field and quench the fiery darts, which

may

he

He

hurl against us.

therefore that believeth in

the doctrine of

Jesus and his Apostles, he doubteth not that the heart of man may be either a temple of God and the

Holy Ghost, or a habitation of Satan, or that manner as God, Christ and the Holy Spirit

in like

— 7 dwell in believers, operate and live in them, so also does Satan dwell and hold dominion in the wicked. All of these biblical and christian truths, at

all

times believed by the holy church, are represented in this little

book by various emblems and

explained and applied, in order

to

figures,

deter the un-

godly from sin and the slavery of Satan, and confirm the pious in faith and godliness.

In every plate appears a heart with a human From the state of the heart, which is the seat and the habitation of good and evil, the whole man must be judged ; the face is as it were the

face.

sign, which the inner man hangs you may know of what spirit he

my

dear reader,

at

forth, is.

by which

—Look then,

every picture in thine

own

examine thy inmost soul, to ascertain in what condition thou art, whether Christ or Satan

heart,

reigns within thee, whether thou be a slave to sin

and Satan, or a free and happy child of God. Let it be a serious examination of thyself, pass not lightly over heart,

and

to

;

be honest

God, and with

edge what, and

Thou

it

how

to confess to

thy

own

sincerity to acknowl-

thou art found within thee.

standeth in the presence of God,

who

search-

who seeth and knoweth and from whom nothing within thee is Doest thou bring to light some evil concealed. repent of it and despair not, acknowlthee ? within

eth the heart and reigns, all things,

— 8 edge

He

it

is

come

with an upright heart and turn unto Christ.

thy Saviour also, likewise for thee has he into the world, for iiiy salvation

is

he also

present to destroy the works of the devil, to deliver, to

snatch thee from the power of Satan, and

transplant thee into his kingdom, (Col. 1, 13.)

To

thee also can he impart the

that thou

power and strength

mayest no longer he a suhject of Satan, sin. He can make thee free, and

nor he a slave of if

he

made thee

free,

thou art free indeed.

8, 36.]

—»»»fi •9©©4«—

Figure

S.

Representation of the Inner State of a Sinner, and begins to fly from sin.

THE

prevenient grace of

blem of an Angel, represents and the reward of sin, viz

to the

repents

Christ, under the

em-

sinner the consequences

the Sword or Judgment and Grace conceives him from the word of God, that

Death. neither

God and

who

*'

:

fornicators, nor idolators, nor adulterers, nor ef-

feminate,

nor abusers of themselves

with mankind,

nor

thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revellers, nor extortioners, nor

fifGod."

1

any unclean thing, shall inherit the kingdom 6,9 10. *' That tribulation and anguish,

Cor.

15

Representation of the inner state of a Sinner, repents and begins to fly from sin.

who *^.^*

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THE HSW vom PUBLIC LIBRA-^Y

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— 17 indignation and wrath, must

Rom.

iniquity."

The

sinner

within

liis

is

come upon

all

the workers of

2, 9.

alarmed

heart,

he turns his eye

in his conscience,

and there finds

and abomination altohe sees that odious and destructive sin

by a higher light ; tendency of sin ; he repents, he hates, he detests sin he desires to be freed therefrom, but still feels the power of sin, and siglis from the inmost depths of his soul "0 wretched

gether

;

:

sinner that

death?"

I

am, who

me from

will deliver

— "The grace of God through

the

body of

this

Jesus Christ, (Rom.

answereth, the Holy Spirit, that has again approached

7, 25.)

the penitent, contrite heart, and with the flames of divine

grace, has penetrated and imparted to

And

him

light

and strength.

thus as the light of the Holy Spirit penetrates into

the heart and the sparks of grace expand within

must Satan

retire with

all

his odious

testable forms, the abominable beasts, the flee.

When

thus also

—The de-

emblems of

vice,

must vanish. As Grace is light gone.

the light enters, darkness

soon as the day breaks, the night sin is

it,

adherents

is

As soon

darkness and night.

as

we

Satan must give way, he reigneth only in

begin to hate sin,

sin, in

darkness

and can enter the heart only through sin ; the love of sin gives him the key to the heart, the attachment to evil opens door and gate, and gives free access to the heart.

God and goodness, repels

him from the

O! dear

A

love to

hatred of sin, closes the entrance and heart.

all

and hate the evil! resist the Shut your eye upon the open your eye temptations to sin

Holy

Spirit! let every ray of this higher

souls, love the light

devil and he will flee far from you.

world, upon sin and to the light

light be

of the

welcome

:

to you,

it

dispels the influence of sin

and

darkness, Satan and hell, from your heart. Look frequently

2*

!

18 own

into your

heart, in order to discover

and abominate

In the every detestable form of sin that may lurk there. light of God, which ever wenteth before your heart, in order

and as soon as you open, will enter and enand animate all within you ; in this light of God, you shall be able to see every wicked beast, every dust and shade of sin, in all its hatefulness, and the grace of God which is mighty in the weak, will deliver you from all. to be admitted,

lighten

PRAYER. GOD

thou source

!

of all light and all

life

Thon only, the light of thy Spirit alone, can shew me sin in all its detestable and destructive forms. Let the light of

may

that I

life

shine within

see and live!

my

Thou

death of the sinner, wilt not

my

darkened soul,

desirest not the

death, but as thou

Thou, that the sinner may Shew me the sin that blinds, besets and subjects me to the power of Satan. Grant me Thy grace, which Thou hast so solemnly as-

livest, so surely wilt

turn and live.

sured to trate

all

my

sinners in Christ Jesus

Iieart,

may

it

pierce

wounds and with repentance,

me

!

May Avith

it

pene-

salutary

so that sin, death and

Satan may depart from me and give way to Tliee. Grant me Thy Holy Spirit, that He may awaken within

me

God, a pleasure and joy on may no more permit sin members, and Satan may no

the love of

thy commandments, that to reign

within

my

;

!

119

longer blind, seduce and overpower fully

and with clear and

that in sin there

is

me

may

:

I

lively conviction learn,

no salvation, but he that sinneth

is the servant of *sin, a child of hell and darkness. Let me never forget what thy word sayetli That no ungodly sinner shall stand before Thee, no un:

kingdom that an and unmerciful judgment Let me seriously awaiteth all who do wickedly. repent of every sin, and with my whole heart turn away from every shadow and appearance of evil, and turn unto Thee, so that 1 may be cleansed from all evil, be delivered from all the power of darkness, be susceptible of thy light and thy communion, and thus be acceptable in thy sight. righteous one can enter into thy

;

eternal death, a rigid

Amen. Thou, Lord,

my

glory and

my

strength,

Shalt on the tempter tread, Shalt silence

And

What

raise

ail

my

my

threat'ning guilt,

drooping head.

*

though the hosts of death and

All arm'd against

me

stood

Terrors no more shall shake

My refuge

is

my

God.

my

soul

hell,

:

30

Figure

3.

The inner condition of a Sinner, who believes in Christ and the Gospel, and isßlled with the Holy Ghost.

THE

sinner,

by the view of

his sins

and the goodness and

long suft'ering of God, which has borne with him so long, and

him

lead

to repentance,

contrite, affected,

having become softened

and humbled

in his heart,

of the most cordial repentance.

It pains

— that

now weeps

him

is,

tears

quick

to the

have so often offended, deserted, disowned, and despised

to

God, the fountain of goodness, so awfully

his

',

and on the

contrary to have served the devil so long.

When

thus prepared by the prevenient grace of God, then

''God is nigh unto what the scripture says: them that are of a broken heart and have a contrite spirit." fulfilled

is

broken heart." (Ps. 147,

13, 19.) ''God healeth the

(Ps.

The

or grace,

angel,

approaches

now

3.)

before his heart,

presents to him Jesus Christ, the crucified, and his Gospel that

is,

the joyous, the saving declaration

him, that Christ has

come

ners as himself; that

He

for

souls, is

If

these proffers in faith and an

his merits

then like

To

life.

the

;

if

him, all

he have a lively is

now

the sinner accepts of

humble confidence,

if

he re-

Jesus crucified, his sufferings, his death,

Lord

ceives the

for

to

and broken hearted, the humble and perplexed offered of God, grace, pardon, salvation and life,

eternal salvation in Christ.

done

announced

has died for sinners, and obtained

forgiveness of sins, and an eternal

them

contrite

is

into the world to save such sin-

granted to him,

who

faith, that all is

freely given

been him by grace,

this has

believe in Christ, he receiveth the

Holy

21

mhmMhw.mjjMmjMnmMmmjjMm

Jo The inner condition of a Sinner, who believes in Christ and the Gospel, and is filled with the Holy Ghost.

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TILDEN FOüNDATiO.söi

— 23 Ghost, and the Holy Spirit beareth witness to his

spirit, that

sins are forgiven.

is the child of God, and that For the Holy Spirit filleth his heart with peace, with joy and righteousness, and then of a truth the kingdom of God Now indeed tears may flow ; but has entered into him. they are only the tears of gratitude, joy, and submission to Him who lias redeemed him from all sin, and filled him with

he

all

his

Body and soul now rejoice in the living God^' liis spirit. The star shineth in the heart, since faith has been enkindled. The enemies of his salvation, those detestable animals, Satan and his crew have now entirely disappeared, and now it Such ivere ye, but ye have been justified in the name is said Jesus^ and by the Spirit of God. (1 Cor. 6, 1 l.j the Lord of Oh how glorious, how blessed, how exhilarating, is the* state :

of such a reconciled

sinner.

He

praise after another.

Redeemer and

his grace

;

He

could join in one song of

cannot sufficiently rejoice

in

his

he cannot sufficiently admire His

love and mercy, he cannot sufficiently adore

Him, or thank

Him.

But

let

him with

all his

and not grow secure

:

joy continue also in salutary fear,

for those beasts

— Satan has lost

— those

sins

— are

in-

power and dominion over him yet still he is not far removed, and he and sin lie in wait dav and night, in order to return from whence they have been driven out. He is so much the more embittered by how much the more he has lost. Therefore watch and pray. deed out of the heart

—

his

24

PRAYER. Divine Redeemer

How can I sufficiently reHow can I sufficiently

!

and love

joice in thy grace

!

thank thee for thy glorious saving gospel hast suflered is

me

to find salvation in

my

forgiveness of all

me

hast given

sealed

Oh

me

eyes of

my

my

Thou

thy bloody that

(Ephes.

1, 7.)

Thou

Holy Ghost, and

the pledge, the

in the

enliven

sins.

!

day of redemption. (2 Cor. 1,22.) more and more: enlighten the

faith

understanding, that I

may

learn to

know

the treasures, the blessings, wliich thou hast pur-

chased and offered

how

me by

grace and felicity! I, of Satan,

who

thy blessed Gospel

me

hast thou blessed me, enriched

am now

before

God.

who

Satan reigned,

!

I, in

now

feel

whom

!

am now

of sin,

I, before a habitation of

the joy of angels

was a dwellihg Holy Ghost I,

before

a temple of the

was a slave

Oh

!

with thy

impure

a

cliild

spirits,

of

now

before sin raged and

only joy and peace

;

and

righteousness in the Holy Ghost who now dwellThe eneeth within me and is given me of God ;

:

mies of salvation are expelled, the chains that held me in the slavery of sin and Satan, are broken,

and I am free grace.

How

praise shall

!

—I

hav?^

found mercy

!

I have found

can I thank thee sufficiently.

always be on

my

tongue.

Thy

«

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oooo"ot;>"'o"c

J^ Rtpresentnlion of a person^ s imrard Slate irho insi; reconciled with (iod^ ivill know nothing more than the cnicißed Jeaus.

^

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27

But one thing yet I pray thee, Dearest Redeemer Forsake me not and take not thy hand away !

from me,

my

God my

salvation! (Ps. 26,9.) Preserve

heart in this one thing, that I

name.

Guard me

that I

may

may

fear thy

never become secure

may

never again be deceived by the enemy and seduced by the treachery of sin in the flesh, that I

:

May thy

grace confirm

my

heart, that I

may

at ?A\

times hate sin and flee every temptation as hell self.

Thou

hast delivered me, suffer

become enslaved again. heart to thyself, let

my

it

Thou

me never

hast sanctified

never be defiled again.

heart remain a temple of the

to

my Let

Holy Ghost, a

house of peace and joy, and righteousness

Holy Ghost.

it-

in the

Amen.

Figure

4.

Representation of the inner condition of a Man, who has become reconciled to God through the merit of Christ, and mill knoia nothing

IN

more than

the crucified Jesus.

the heart of a sinner that has found grace, there

is

now

nothing to be seen but the crucified Jesus and the Signs of

His sufferings.

For the Holy Spirit who now animates and

governs him, and to whose guidance he has now submitted,

cannot excite the flame of love to him in any way more

ef-

— 28

when he represents

fectual, than

on

his cross

how much

and

it

him Jesus continually,

to

and reminds him constantly The Saviour, to redeem him.

in his sufferings,

cost Jesus his

consideration of the death of Jesus

therefore his principal

is

know, says he with Paul, nothing but Christ Far be it from me, that I should glory in any crucified. thing, but the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ through whom the world is crucified to me, and I to the world. (1 Cor. 2, occupation.

I

Gal. 6, V. 14.)

V. 2.

Under

Holy

the guidance of the

Spirit,

he finds in the

death and sufferings of his Redeemer, so much comfort and strength, that his whole heart for

me, who

shall be against

is filled

me

He

?

therewith.

spared his only son, but given him for us not with him freely give us

The

all

is

God be God not

If

why should he

all,

things? (Rom.

death, the sufferings of Jesus

—

hath

saith,

8, 31,

32.)

therefore the pledge of

the eternal love of God, which has reconciled him in Christ

with himself, and not imputed to him his 19.) Christ crucified is

now God

(2 Cor. 5, v.

sins.

the ground of his confidence in

the Father, who has given God, the eternal love Son for us into such sufferings, what can he deny us ? :

And

since in this

own, dwelleth

way

Christ crucified

in his heart

—has

his

has become his

been given

to

him of God,

he finds therefore in himself the richest source, not only ot all

comfort, but likewise of

all

power

to all

thought, the living faith in Christ, lüs crucified self,

creates a disgust of

all

worldly joy,

er.rthlj glcry,' all perishable treasures.

all

good.

The

love in

it-

fleshy luct, all

It is as if

Jesus the

him constantly Wouldest thou follo*.y m3 be my disciple, take up my cross and deny thyself and follow me. (Matt. 16, 32.) For whosoever will not take up his cross and follow me, is not worthy of me and cannot be crucified called

:

—

my

disciple.

(I.Iatt. 10,

38.)

The

chief propensity there-

29 will be, to be like his crucified Redeemer. practises godliness, therefore he strives after holiness,

him

fore within

He

without which no

man can

cleanses himself from

and advances

He

see God.

in holitiess in the fear of

God.

prays without ceasing, and that with

plication of the spirit.

(

Ephes«

18.)

5,

good, he committeth not, for he

deemed

12, 14.)

—He

(

He

2 Cor.

7» 1.)

all

prayer and ap-

To

give and

knows such

acceptable to God. (Heb. 13,16.) is

(Heb.

impurity of the flesh and spirit;

all

to.

do

sufferings are

when he

rejoiceth

wortliy for Christ's sake to bear shame, persecu-

because he knows that if we we shall also be glorified with him. In sake who has loved him, and given himself for

tion, tribulation, humiliation,

suffer with

him,

short, for his

is more than conqueror in all things, whilst same time he looks forward to the reward of grace,

him, he

at the

wliich

exceeding: great and O «riven to all who are faitliful in the 9 9 contest. He that overcometh shall inherit all things. (Rev. is

Thus

2, 16.)

what

is

sounds in

it

his

ears; therefore he forgets

behind, whilst he striveth after the prize of his high

calling in Christ.

Phil. 3, 13. 14.

PRAYER. OH

Thou love, my crucified love, Jesus Thou hast reconciled me with God Thou sanctified me unto God Thou alone shall

Clirist htast

!

!

!

!

henceforth he seen in

memhrance of thy consecrated, love with

my

heart;

sufferings

my whole

To

thee, the re-

and death be

life

devoted.

my heart

May

which thou hast loved me, he

in,

the

and

80

my

penetrate ter

whole

thy image, that I

and the

fruits of

I

may

fore, dirt,

thy

Oh

hibited in me.

consider

all

May

soul.

may life

this

renew me

af-

be altogether like thee,

and death be perfectly ex-

me

grant

the disposition, that

things that were given to

me

be-

upon which I built and trusted, as dust and compared with the incomparable knowledge

Be

me all, and may all other things be naught, that I may gain thee, and be found in thee, that I may not rest upon my own righteousness, that comes from the law, but may

of thee.

thou unto

have thy righteousness which is given by faith in thee, and which alone is accepted of the Almighty

God,

that I

may know

thee, the

power of thy

re-

surrection and the communion of thy sufferings, and be like unto thy death. (Phil. 4, 3.) Until at length I may say, I am crucified with Christ, T live, yet not I,

Yea

!

my

but Christ liveth in

only beloved Saviour

me !

'

let

Gal. 2, 20.

me

contin-

ually look up to thee, the author and finisher of my faith, who when thou mightest have had peace, did choose the cross and sufferings the

cross strengthen

death be

my

suffer

shame.

sweetest pasture to

me

in the conflict

refuge in

diflficulty

my

soul

with sin

Be thy !

:

Thy Thy

and death!

In

every temptation direct my view to thee! In doubt, anxiety and hours of tribulation, may thy love be my sun and shield, light and incentive, that I may

PUBLIC LIBRARY

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82

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^0

^

Inward State of a Pious the

Person'' s hearty a Temple of C% Living God, a habitation of the Most cj Holy lYinity. ^