The health of the country: how American settlers understood themselves and their land 9780465089864, 9780465089871

Table of contents :
Frontmatter
INTRODUCTION: "Healthy Country" (page 1)
CHAPTER I.‒"New Country" (page 15)
CHAPTER II.‒Body (page 53)
CHAPTER III.‒Places (page 85)
CHAPTER IV.‒Airs (page 109)
CHAPTER V.‒Waters (page 133)
CHAPTER VI.‒Local Knowledge: Medical Geography and the Intellectual Hinterland (page 159)
CHAPTER VII.‒Cultivation (page 191)
CHAPTER VIII.‒Racial Anxiety (page 229)
CHAPTER IX.‒Conclusion (page 259)
AFTERWORD (page 265)
Archival Information and Abbreviations (page 271)
Notes (page 275)
Bibliography (page 339)
Permissions (page 373)
Index (page 375)

Citation preview

THE HEALTH OF THE

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—“‘“‘“‘iOCOwOCOwOtstCOststststsisisirsrzstsdzsSs= ae eae ||ae oe eae Bea: Sie See PR BR SOX 7 Timing of migration, 27—28, 32-33, 83-84 _

_ and preparations for death, 70 ; Topography

and slaves, 52, 198 elevation, 88—89 | |

and wilderness literature, 147-152 and farmers, 90-91, 202—203 Springs, healing, 104, 152-158,168 = and health, 87—88, 264

See also Hot Springs, Arkansas racial, 88-89 | St. Charles, Missouri, 35, 84, 162—163, 172, of St. Charles County, Missouri, 161-165

181, 196 oe and travel, 20, 85 :

St. Louis, Missouri, 1, 16, 35, 37, 43-44, and water quality, 139

51,111, 119, 129, 144, 173-174 See also Medical geography ,

St. Louis Gazette, 255 a . Tour Through the Prairies, 70 | | St. Louis Medical and Surgical Journal, 95, 124, Travel | |

(141,144 — difficulty of, 20, 143, 145-147

Stanley, Henry Morton, 37, 60, 198 | for health, 101-108 © | Steines, Hermann, 35—36, 136, 172-173 Turner, Edmund, 122

Stenhouse, Maggie, 49 i Turner, Frederick Jackson, 18 | Stephens, Caty, 69~70_ , Twain, Mark, 142, 259 | | Stephens, Leonard, 69-70 Two Years Before the Mast, 103

Stethoscopes, 54, 174 oe Twyman, Leo, 161-165, 179, 181-182,

Stetson, Ellen, 19, 20 oe 184 ,

Stevenson, Vesta, 7, 214 Typhoid fever, 79, 118

INDEX 387 Uncle lom’s Cabin, 70 Western Medico-Chirurgical Journal, 101 Wheeler, Amos, 100

Von Humboldt, Alexander, 166 Whitc, Joshua E., 29 White Americans

Walker, John, 77, 105 altered characteristics of migrants,

War of 1812, 42, 44 229230, 255-258

Washburn, Cephas, 16, 26, 95, 120, 135, beliefs about race differences, 232—240

143, 198 and changes in racial characteristics, Water 241-243 cleansing power of, 121, 137, 140 and free blacks, 49-52, 239-240,

effect of agriculture on, 215 248-249 flooding, 75, 89, 129, 141~145 and malaria, 79—80

healing springs, 152-158 and migration, 238—239 and health, 89—90, 98, 186-189 and race mixing, 245-247, 249-255

illness caused by, 137-141 and scasoning, 240-243 and indoor environments, 94-95 and skin color, 229--231, 241--247 location and migration, 135-137 sold into slavery, 254—255

and malaria, 80-81, 138 and swamps, 149--150 and miasma, 114-115, 121, 123-124, Whittington, Hiram Abiff, 84, 90, 98, 104,

139-141 157, 172, 229

quality, 29 Wilber, Charles Dana, 215 and slavery, 135 Wilderness, the stagnant, 139, 145-146 acclimation, 22--34, 231, 238-239,

and swamps, 145—152 238—240

therapies, 57, 103—104, 152-158 adventure in, 8—9, 18, 26, 36

See also Springs; Hot Springs characteristics of migrants to, 37-40,

Webb, A. W. 229—230

on ague, 81, 184 cultivation and domestication of, 19-20,

on elevation, 89 30-31, 127-130

on farming, 197, 217-218, 221-222 death in, 18, 31-32, 63-64, 118 on flow and movement in illness, 60 difficulty in traveling through, 20-21,

on improvements made to the 147-152

environment, 101 dynamism of, 20—21

on miasma, 116, 126 economic opportunity in, 17-18, 19, published works by, 174 43-45, 142-143, 151-152, on Southern medicine, 179-180 207—208 on temperature effects on health, 75 and farming, 200-202

Webster, Noah, 114, 116 literature, 23, 26, 34-37, 103, 128, 134,

Weems, Mason, 59, 217 147-152, 161—165, 169, 175, Welch, C. B., 107, 123, 169-170 177-179, 212, 218-219, 235-236

216 120-121

Western Journal of Medicine and Surgery, 178, missionaries in, 19, 22, 24—25, 98,

388 INDEX optimism and hope of migrants to, 17-18, and fertility, 211

19-20, 196—197 health of, 93-94, 219

as a political resource, 18-19, 169-170, and menstruation, 64-65

260 Native American, 195

population growth in, 18, 42-45, 48, 129 and travel, 103

role of professionals in, 171-177 See also Gender; Race and seasickness metaphors, 29 Woodhouse, S. W., 112, 135, 207—208

Williams, Charles, 213 Woodruff, William E., 104 Williams, Isaac D., 254-255

Wilson, Anderson, 116, 210, 211 Yaws, 220-221, 237

Wind. See Air Yellow, as a racial category. See Mulattos; Women, 4, 33-34, 38-39, 40, 148 Race and farming, 195, 209-210 Yellow fever, 79, 115, 131, 141, 237-238