The series Settlement History of Iraqi Kurdistan (SHIK) presents the results of research carried out in the Iraqi Kurdis
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English Pages 817 [818] Year 2022
Table of contents :
Cover
Title pages
Contents
Preface
UGZAR study area
Introduction
Maps legend
List of abbreviations and bibliography
Chronological table
Settled area
Geomorphology of the Greater Zab Valley
Historical soureces and archeaology
Former work of the Antiquities Service
Introduction
Joint AASI maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130
Identification of sites on map 7 of AASI
Identification of sites from ASI and AASI with UGZAR sites
Index of sites present on joint maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130
The Greater Zab Valley breakdown into regions. Map and satellite imagery
The right bank of the Greater Zab Valley
The Greater Zab Valley. Northern part of the right bank
Northern part of the right bank. Map of the area between US 107-120
Northern part of the right bank. Satellite imagery of the area between US 107-120
Between Āstrĩān and Hĩzān. Satellite imagery of the area between US 107-109
US 107/S 308 Grd-ĩ Āstrĩān گردى استريان
US 108/S 136 Xūlê خول ٚ ى
US 109/S 137 Xrāb-ĩ Xūlê خرابى خول ٚ ى
Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ’Alĩ. Satellite imagery of the area between US 110-112
US 110/S 116 Ban-ĩ Hşk بانى هشك
US 111/S 115 Grd-ĩ Qaḻān گردى قه ٚ لن
Aerial and satellite imagery US 112
US 112/S 113 Gūnd-ĩ Kūn گوندى كون
Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê. Satellite imagery of the area between US 113-120
Aerial and satellite imagery US 113-114, Us 155
US 113/S 150 No name ناوى نيه
US 114/S 176 Bĩra Raş بيرا ره ش
Aerial and satellite imagery US 115-116
US 115/S 156 Gūnd-ĩ ‘Abdal-‘Zĩz گوندى عبدلعزيز
US 116/S 175 Āsnê Kambĩ ئاسن ٚ ى كه مبي
Aerial and satellite imagery US 117-119
US 117/S 174 Āsxāba ئاسخابه ٢
US 118/S 155 Goṟstān-ĩ Āsxāba گۆڕستانى ئاسخابه
US 119/S 144 Xrāb-ĩ Xārūk خرابى خاروك
Aerial and satellite imagery US 120
US 120/S 146 Kaūr Kālān كه ور كالان
The Greater Zab Valley. Southern part of the right bank
Southern part of the right bank. Map of the area between US 120-143
Southern part of the right bank. Satellite imagery of the area between US 120-143
Between Dālarê and Banênān. Satellite imagery of the area between US 121-133
Aerial and satellite imagery US 121-123
US 121/S 147 Goṟstān-ĩ Dālarê گۆڕستانى داله رێ
US 122/S 157 No name ناوى نيه
US 123/S 158 No name ناوى نيه
Aerial and satellite imagery US 124-127
US 124/S 159 No name ناوى نيه
US 125/S 160 No name
ناوى نيه
US 126/S 161 Ḥamrĩn
حمرين
US 127/S 163 Banênān/Ḥamrĩn
به ن ٚ ينان/ حمرين
Aerial and satellite imagery US 128-131
US 128/S 162 Ḥamrĩn
حمرين
US 129/S 164 No name
ناوى نيه
US 130/S 165 No name
ناوى نيه
US 131/S 148 Qabr-ĩ Dazān
قه برى ده زان
Aerial and satellite imagery US 132-133
US 132/S 166 Sarḥāū-ĩ
سه رحاوي
US 133/S 167 Sarḥāū-ĩ 2 سه رحاوي٢
Southern part of the right bank. Bānanān and Hancĩrūk Nūê. Satellite imagery between US 134-143
Aerial and satellite imagery US 134-135
US 134/S 149 Gobṟstān-ĩ Şĩx Ṣālaḥ
گۆبڕستانى شيخ صالح
US 135/S 168 No name
ناوى نيه
Aerial and satellite imagery US 136-137
US 136/S 173 Çem-ĩ Grdāla 2
چه مى گرداله ٢
US 137/S 172 Çem-ĩ Grdāla 1
چه مى گرداله ١
Aerial and satellite imagery US 138-139
US 138/S 171 No name
ناوى نيه
US 139/S 170 No name ناوى نيه
Aerial and satellite imagery US 140-142
US 140/S 169 No name
ناوى نيه
US 141/S 152 Tall Bāb al-Bĩt 1
تل باب البيت ١
US 142/S 153 Tall Bāb al-Bĩt 2
تل باب البيت ٢
US 143/S 154 Tall Ǧamʻa
تل جمعة
The left bank of the Greater Zab Valley
The Greater Zab Valley. Southern part of the left bank
Southern part of the left bank. Map of the area between US 144-166
Southern part of the left bank. Satellite imagery of the area between US 144-166
Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor. Satellite imagery of the area between US 144-153
Aerial and satellite imagery US 144-145
US 144/S 007 Kāntārān كانتاران
US 145/S 008 Kālūān كالوان
Aerial and satellite imagery US 146-148
US 146/S 004 Grd-ĩ Xalĩl گردى خه ليل
US 147/S 003 Grd-ĩ Māmāk گردى ماماك
US 148/S 005 Grd-ĩ Çāĩ گردى چاى
Aerial and satellite imagery US 149-150
US 149/S 006 Grd-ĩ ‘Alĩ Āḡā گردى علي ئاغا
US 150/S 002 Kvrsor 2
كڤر سۆر ٢
Aerial and satellite imagery US 151-153
US 151/S 001 Kvrsor 1 كڤر سۆر ١
US 152/S 009 Kvrsor 3 كڤر سۆر ۳
US 153/S 010 Kvrsor 4 كڤر سۆر ٤
Between Kvrsor and Qalata. Satellite imagery of the area between US 154-156
US 154/S 013 No name ناوى نيه
Aerial and satellite imagery US 155
US 155/S 011 Grd-ĩ Şĩx Raş گردى شيخ ره ش
Aerial and satellite imagery US 156
US 156/S 012 Grd-ĩ Qaḻāta گردى خه زينه
The Greater Zab Valley. Northern part of the left bank
Northern part of the left bank. Map of the area between US 157-166
Northern part of the left bank. Satellite imagery between US 157-166
Between Çamakaĩ Sarû and Bakdar. Satellite imagery of the area between US 157-160
US 157/S 035 Grd-ĩ Çamaka گردى چه مه كه
US 158/S 034 Şêx Sora شيخ س ٚ وره
US 159/S 195 No name ناوى نيه
US 160/S 196 No name ناوى نيه
Between Bakdar and Bardên. Satellite imagery of the area between US 161-166
US 161/S 198 No name ناوى نيه
US 162/S 199 No name ناوى نيه
US 163/S 037 Grd-ĩ Makrdān گردى مه كردان
US 164/S 224 Qaḻā-ĩ Qūṟabk قه ٚ لى قوره بك
US 165/S 226 Gūnd-ĩ Kūn-ĩ Qūṟabk گوندى كونى قوره بك
US 166/S 235 Grd-ĩ Xazêna گردى خه ز ٚ ينه
Tentative identifications
Indexes
Rules of transliteration
Transliteration table
Glossary
Geographical names
Names of villages & towns
Concordance of field and US numbers
List of maps and aerial imagery
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
SHIK 6
Rafał Koliński
The Greater Zab Valley
Left bank: from the Bêxmê Gorge to Hancĩrūk Nūê Right bank: from the Bāstora Stream to the Bêxmê Gorge
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Settlement History of Iraqi Kurdistan Edited by Xenia Kolińska and Rafał Koliński
The project "Settlement History of Iraqi Kurdistan" is financed by two subsequent research grants awarded by the National Science Centre, Poland: no 2011/03/B/HS03/01472 (OPUS 2 program) active in years 2012-2015, no 2014/13/B/HS3/04872 (OPUS 7 program) in years 2015-2020.
Volume 6
2022 Harrassowitz Verlag . Wiesbaden
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Rafał Koliński Catalogue of Archaeological Sites
The Greater Zab Valley
Left bank: from the Bêxmê Gorge to Hancĩrūk Nūê Right bank: from the Bāstora Stream to the Bêxmê Gorge
2022 Harrassowitz Verlag . Wiesbaden
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The publication of the presented volume could be published thanks to the financial support of the National Science Centre, Poland (grant no 2014/13/B/HS3/04872, OPUS 7 program), Initiative of Excellence – Research University (grant no Z0002350/69), and Faculty of Archaeology (grant no WA1 4/21). Photos on the cover Left: bracelet of early XXth century Ottoman coins from US 165 (A5), verso (Late Sasanian period), Dariusz Piasecki; Ms Xenia Kolińska, Marcin Szabłowski; geological map of the Greater Zab valley. The stretch between Hĩzān and Xārūk (UGZAR©). Central: the vessel A1 most likely from the cemetery from the US 151 (Ninevite 5 period), Marcin Szabłowski. Right: bracelet of early XXth century Ottoman coins from US 165 (A5), recto ( Late Sasanian period), Dariusz Piasecki; geological map of the Greater Zab valley. The stretch between Bêxmê and Hĩzān (UGZAR©); Professor Rafał Koliński, Marcin Szabłowski;
Layout design/SHIK Series and covers: Xenia Kolińska Typesetting: Xenia Kolińska Topographical map of region: Xenia Kolińska Satellite and aerial images processing: Joanna Mardas Indexes and transliteration: Xenia Kolińska Language consultation (Kurdish): Dr Farhang Muthafar Muhamad Proofreading and language consultation (English): Alexander J. Edmonds, Aleksandra Zych Technical editor: Aleksandra Zych Map technical editor: Maria Rozbicka
Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.dnb.de abrufbar. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. For further information about our publishing program consult our website http://www.harrassowitz-verlag.de. © Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden 2022 This work, including all of its parts, is protected by copyright. Any use beyond the limits of copyright law without the permission of the publisher is forbidden and subject to penalty. This applies particularly to reproductions, translations, microfilms and storage and processing in electronic systems. Printed on permanent/durable paper Printing and binding: Hubert & Co., Göttingen Printed in Germany ISBN 978-3-447-11793-7
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
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Contents Preface ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... UGZAR study area .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Maps legend .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... List of abbreviations and bibliography......................................................................................................................................................................................... Chronological table ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Settled area ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Geomorphology of the Greater Zab Valley................................................................................................................................................................................. Historical soureces and archeaology ............................................................................................................................................................................................
11 12 14 17 18 20 23 25 39
Former work of the Antiquities Service .................................................................................................................................................................................. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Joint AASI maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130 .......................................................................................................................................................................... Identification of sites on map 51 of AASI .................................................................................................................................................................................... Identification of sites from ASI and AASI with UGZAR sites ............................................................................................................................................ Index of sites present on joint maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130 ....................................................................................................................................
51 53 54 56 57 58
The Greater Zab Valley breakdown into regions. Map and satellite imagery
73
The right bank of the Greater Zab Valley The Greater Zab Valley. Northern part of the right bank .............................................................................................................................................. Northern part of the right bank. Map of the area between US 107-120 ........................................................................................................................... Northern part of the right bank. Satellite imagery of the area between US 107-120 ................................................................................................... Between Āstrĩān and Hĩzān. Satellite imagery of the area between US 107-109........................................................................................................... گردى استريان...................................................... US 107/S 308 ....................................................................... Grd-ĩ Āstrĩān خولى US 108/S 136 ....................................................................................... Xūlê ...................................................... ٚ خولى خرابى US 109/S 137 .......................................................................... Xrāb-ĩ Xūlê ...................................................... ٚ Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ’Alĩ. Satellite imagery of the area between US 110-112........................................................................................................ بانى هشك...................................................... US 110/S 116 ..............................................................................Ban-ĩ Hşk لنٚ گردى قه...................................................... US 111/S 115 ......................................................................... Grd-ĩ Qaḻān Aerial and satellite imagery US 112 ................................................................................................................................................................................................ گوندى كون...................................................... US 112/S 113 ......................................................................... Gūnd-ĩ Kūn Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê. Satellite imagery of the area between US 113-120 ....................................................................................................... Aerial and satellite imagery US 113-114, Us 155 ........................................................................................................................................................................... ناوى نيه...................................................... US 113/S 150 ............................................................................... No name بيرا ره ش...................................................... US 114/S 176 .................................................................................Bĩra Raş Aerial and satellite imagery US 115-116 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... گوندى عبدلعزيز...................................................... US 115/S 156 ............................................................. Gūnd-ĩ ‘Abdal-‘Zĩz ئاسنى كه مبي US 116/S 175 ......................................................................... Āsnê Kambĩ ...................................................... ٚ Aerial and satellite imagery US 117-119 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... ٢ ئاسخابه...................................................... US 117/S 174 .................................................................................. Āsxāba گۆڕستانى ئاسخابه...................................................... US 118/S 155 ............................................................... Goṟstān-ĩ Āsxāba خرابى خاروك...................................................... US 119/S 144 ....................................................................... Xrāb-ĩ Xārūk Aerial and satellite imagery US 120 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... كه ور كاالن...................................................... US 120/S 146 .......................................................................... Kaūr Kālān
79 80 82 84 86 92 94 98 100 124 128 130 136 138 140 152 164 166 168 176 180 190 204 212 214
The Greater Zab Valley. Southern part of the right bank .............................................................................................................................................. Southern part of the right bank. Map of the area between US 120-143 ........................................................................................................................... Southern part of the right bank. Satellite imagery of the area between US 120-143 .................................................................................................. Between Dālarê and Banênān. Satellite imagery of the area between US 121-133...................................................................................................... Aerial and satellite imagery US 121-123 ........................................................................................................................................................................................ گۆڕستانى داله رێ...................................................... US 121/S 147 ................................................................ Goṟstān-ĩ Dālarê ناوى نيه...................................................... US 122/S 157 .............................................................................. No name ناوى نيه...................................................... US 123/S 158 .............................................................................. No name
233 234 236 238 240 244 258 266
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
8
Contents Aerial and satellite imagery US 124-127 ........................................................................................................................................................................................ ناوى نيه...................................................... US 124/S 159 ............................................................................... No name ناوى نيه...................................................... US 125/S 160 .............................................................................. No name حمرين...................................................... US 126/S 161 ................................................................................... Ḥmrĩn US 127/S 163 ................................................................. Banênān/Ḥmrĩn حمرين/ينانٚ به ن...................................................... Aerial and satellite imagery US 128-131 ........................................................................................................................................................................................ حمرين...................................................... US 128/S 162 ....................................................................................Ḥmrĩn ناوى نيه...................................................... US 129S 1640 ............................................................................... No name ناوى نيه...................................................... US 130/S 165 ............................................................................... No name سه رحاوي...................................................... US 131/S 148 ...................................................................... Qabr-ĩ Dazān Aerial and satellite imagery US 132-133 ........................................................................................................................................................................................ لى ئاكرێٚ قه...................................................... US 132/S 166 ................................................................................ Sarḥāū-ĩ ٢ سه رحاوي...................................................... US 133/S 167 ............................................................................. Sarḥāū-ĩ 2
270 274 280 284 292 298 302 318 324 330 346 348 354
Southern part of the right bank. Bānanān and Hancĩrūk Nūê. Satellite imagery between US 134-143 ...................................................... Aerial and satellite imagery US 134-135 ........................................................................................................................................................................................ گۆبڕستان شيخ صالح...................................................... US 134/S 149 ........................................................... Goṟstān-ĩ Şĩx Ṣālaḥ ناوى ني...................................................... US 135/S 168 .............................................................................. No name Aerial and satellite imagery US 136-137 ........................................................................................................................................................................................ ٢ چه مى گرداله...................................................... US 136/S 173 ....................................................................Çem-ĩ Grdāla 2 ١ چه مى گرداله...................................................... US 137/S 172 ................................................................... Çem-ĩ Grdāla 1 Aerial and satellite imagery US 138-139 ........................................................................................................................................................................................ ناوى نيه...................................................... ............................................................................... No name US 138/S 171 ناوى نيه...................................................... US 139/S 170 .............................................................................. No name Aerial and satellite imagery US 140-142 ....................................................................................................................................................................................... ناوى نيه...................................................... US 140/S 169 ............................................................................... No name ١ تل باب البيت...................................................... US 141/S 152 ................................................................. Tall Bāb Al-Bĩt 1 ٢ تل باب البيت...................................................... US 142/S 153 ................................................................. Tall Bāb Al-Bĩt 2 تل جمعة...................................................... US 143/S 154 ............................................................................Tall Ǧamʻa
360 362 364 370 374 376 390 404 406 416 424 428 436 456 466
The left bank of the Greater Zab Valley The Greater Zab Valley. Southern part of the left bank .............................................................................................................................................. Southern part of the left bank. Map of the area between US 144-166 .............................................................................................................................. Southern part of the left bank. Satellite imagery of the area between US 144-166 ...................................................................................................... Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor. Satellite imagery of the area between US 144-153................................................................................................... Aerial and satellite imagery US 144-145 ....................................................................................................................................................................................... كانتاران...................................................... US 144/S 007 .............................................................................. Kāntārān كالوان...................................................... US 145/S 008 .................................................................................. Kālūān Aerial and satellite imagery US 146-148 ....................................................................................................................................................................................... گردى خه ليل...................................................... US 146/S 004 ............................................................................ Grd-ĩ Xalĩl گردى مامك...................................................... US 147/S 003 .........................................................................Grd-ĩ Māmk گردى چاى...................................................... US 148/S 005 ...............................................................................Grd-ĩ Çāĩ Aerial and satellite imagery US 149-150 ....................................................................................................................................................................................... گردى علي ئاغا...................................................... US 149/S 006 ...................................................................... Grd-ĩ ‘Alĩ Āḡā ٢ كڤر سۆر...................................................... US 150/S 002 ................................................................................. Kvrsor 2 Aerial and satellite imagery US 151-153 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... ١ كڤر سۆر...................................................... US 151/S 001 ................................................................................. Kvrsor 1 ٣ كڤر سۆر...................................................... US 152/S 009 ................................................................................. Kvrsor 3 ٤ كڤر سۆر...................................................... US 153/S 010 .................................................................................Kvrsor 4 Between Kvrsor and Qalata. Satellite imagery of the area between US 154-156 ............................................................................................................ ناوى نيه...................................................... US 154/S 013 ............................................................................... No name Aerial and satellite imagery US 155................................................................................................................................................................................................ گردى شيخ ره ش...................................................... US 155/S 011 ....................................................................... Grd-ĩ Şĩx Raş
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
479 480 482 484 486 488 496 508 512 528 558 564 566 574 600 604 608 620 630 632 638 640
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Contents Aerial and satellite imagery US 156................................................................................................................................................................................................ گردى قه ڵاته...................................................... US 156/S 012 .........................................................................Grd-ĩ Qaḻāta
652 654
The Greater Zab Valley. Northern part of the left bank .............................................................................................................................................. Northern part of the left bank. Map of the area between US 157-166 ............................................................................................................................... Northern part of the left bank. Satellite imagery between US 157-166 ............................................................................................................................. Between Çamakaĩ Sarû and Bakdar. Satellite imagery of the area between US 157-160............................................................................................ گردى چه مه كه...................................................... US 157/S 035 ......................................................................Grd-ĩ Çamaka ورهٚ شيخ س...................................................... US 158/S 034 ................................................................................Şêx Sora ناوى نيه...................................................... US 159/S 195 ............................................................................... No name ناوى نيه...................................................... US 160/S 196 ............................................................................... No name Between Bakdar and Bardên. Satellite imagery of the area between US 161-166.......................................................................................................... ناوى نيه...................................................... US 161/S 198 ............................................................................... No name ناوى نيه...................................................... US 162/S 199 ............................................................................... No name گردى مه كردان...................................................... US 163/S 037 ....................................................................Grd-ĩ Makrdān لى قوره بكٚ قه...................................................... US 164/S 224 ..................................................................... Qaḻā-ĩ Qūṟabk گوندى كونى قوره بك...................................................... US 165/S 226 ....................................................... Gūnd-ĩ Kūn-ĩ Qūṟabk ينهٚ گردى خه ز...................................................... US 166/S 235 ....................................................................... Grd-ĩ Xazêna
665 666 668 670 672 682 692 696 706 708 714 718 752 774 780
Tentative identifications ................................................................................................................................................................................................................
789
Indexes ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Rules of transliteration .................................................................................................................................................................................................... Transliteration table ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... Glossary ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Geographical names ........................................................................................................................................................................................................
795 796 797 798 799 803 816 817
List of sites ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Concordance of field and US numbers ..................................................................................................................................................................... List of maps and aerial imagery ...................................................................................................................................................................................
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
11
Preface I was induced to write this preface for a number of reasons, the most important of which was the pressures of time – as the series editor overseeing the publication of this book, on the eve of its publication, and with no hope that the author himself could focus his attention on it, I suggested this solution myself. Although it necessarily changes Rafał’s previous prefaces, I would like to refer to something that he usually emphasizes, and which moves me: the fact that we have managed to study 3,000 km2 of terra incognita. This venture bore the hallmarks of pioneering 19th-century archaeology, even though we took advantage of the new technical possibilities offered by the 21st century. It was absolutely pioneering work, and we proudly present its results in the fifth volume, published in less than three years since the first one. I have to admit that while my editorial work is usually accompanied by enthusiasm, compiling a catalogue of 59 archaeological sites has dulled it somewhat. The present volume of the SHIK series is devoted to the settlements located in the valley of the Greater Zab. On the right bank of the river, we surveyed 37 sites from the Bêxmê Gorge in the north to the village of Hancĩrūk Nūê in the south – 45 km from where the Greater Zab flows into the Tigris. On the left bank, we started at the place where the Bāstora stream flows into the Greater Zab, and headed north to the Bêxmê Gorge; here, we discovered 22 ancient settlements. From the very beginning, we planned to present the settlement according to geographical areas. If we look at the map, the Greater Zab Valley naturally fits into this division. It should be emphasized, however, that while the al-Ḫāzĩr Valley is an integral part of the Navkūr Plain, the settlement on the Greater Zab is only minimally related to the settlement of other regions, at least in the area between Bêxmê and Bāstora. This is because the river flows at the bottom of a deep valley, and settlement is possible on its banks only in a few places. The Greater Zab is a barrier rather than a thoroughfare, despite the fact that two important communication routes pass through the area we studied: one runs from the north-east, through the Spĩlĩk Pass, and leads to the Erbil Plain, and the other is the Royal Road of the kings of Persia. After discussing the aforementioned issues, we decided to introduce a new element into this and subsequent volumes of the site catalogue – namely, a chapter on Historical sources and archaeology. We have not done this before, confining ourselves to including such information in the description of each site, in the section called Interpretation and history. We were of the opinion that the priority of the SHIK series was to publish the material because it serves archaeologists who intend to undertake research in Iraqi Kurdistan. Now, however, we believe that some reflection is necessary, and we aim to include an overview of the history of each region in the subsequent volumes of the catalogue. The validity of this approach was further confirmed by the impression we gained while participating in the Gaugamela Workshop organized by Professor Michał Marciak from the Jagiellonian University in Krakow in February 2022. During the meeting, not only the location of the Gaugamela battlefield was discussed but also the routes used by Alexander’s and Darius’s armies to reach it. The participants also addressed the issue of the location of the Royal Bridge and fords across the Greater Zab, yet their arguments were purely theoretical, not supported by the knowledge of geographical realities. Therefore, we will look at this question from a practical point of view, hoping to offer new tools to historians, not only those studying the Hellenistic period. The author was able to address all these interesting issues thanks to the work of many people involved in the UGZAR project and the preparation of materials for this publication. In processing aerial and satellite imagery and geological maps, Dr Joanna Mar-
das has been especially instrumental in this respect. However, I would like to emphasize that the foundations for the publication of the catalogues of sites were laid by Professor Dorota Ławecka from the University of Warsaw, who was responsible for the ceramics studio, and the team working under her direction. We also cannot overlook the titanic work of Darek Piasecki, who photographed both the sites and the artefacts we collected there. The original chronological determinations were based on the Working Ceramic Typology (Ur 2013) and then re-examined and ultimately revised by persons working on individual periods. Corrections and new determinations were made by: Dorota Ławecka (Warsaw)
Period 1
Late Olivier Nieuwenhuyse
Period 2
Anna Smogorzewska (Warsaw)
Period 3
Dorota Ławecka (Warsaw)
Periods 4, 5, and 6
Rafał Koliński (Poznań)
Periods 7, 8, 9 and 10
Dariusz Szeląg (Warsaw)
Periods 11 and 12
Rocco Palermo (Pisa)
Periods 13 and 14
Late Marta Mierzejewska
Periods 15 to 21.
The research presented in this volume could not have been carried out and published without the financial support of the National Science Centre, which awarded the author two consecutive grants: 2011/03 / HS3 / B / 01472 (for the years 2012–2015) and 2014/13 / HS3 / B / 04872 (for 2015–2020). The publication of this work was also co-financed by the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań as part of the Excellence Initiative – Research University Program and by the Faculty of Archeology. We would like to thank the Rector of the University, Professor Bogumiła Kaniewska, and the Dean of the Faculty of Archeology, Professor Andrzej Michałowski, who have recognized the scientific potential of the SHIK series. Our field research would not have been possible without the assistance of the authorities of the Kurdistan Regional Government, in particular the General Director of Antiquities, Mr Zenaidin Abubakr Othman (Mala Awat), and Mr Kaifi M. Ali, Head of the Legal Affairs Section, the Director of Antiquities in Dohuk, Dr Hasan Ahmad Qasim, the Directors of Antiquities in Erbil, Mr Haidar H. Hussein and Mr Nader Babakan, and the Director of the Ākrê Antiquities Center, Mr Hiwa Shimal. Following in the author’s footsteps, I would also like to thank my colleagues who cooperated with the UGZAR project within the framework of the Assyrian Landscapes Research Group, namely: the Erbil Plain Archaeological Survey directed by Jason Ur of Harvard University, the Land of Nineveh Archaeological Project directed by Daniele Morandi Bonacossi of the University of Udine and the Eastern Ḫabur Archaeological Survey directed by Peter Pfälzner of the Eberhard-Karls University in Tübingen, as well as their team members. Observing their activities has enriched my experience as an archaeologist and editor. I would also like to thank Professor Michał Marciak from the Jagiellonian University for reassuring me that I had gone in the right direction when designing this book. Special thanks are due to Dr Alexander J. Edmonds from Institute for the History of Ancient Civilisation, University of Changchun (China), whose suggestions enriched the Historical sources and archaeology chapter and brought a new element to the discussion on the location of the bridge over the Greater Zab.
Rybna, 1 April 2021
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Xenia Kolińska Present and Past Foundation
12
UGZAR study area ZNC
ĨR-Ĩ
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UGZAR
Map generated by J. Mardas, described by X. Kolińska
KAŪRGOSK
HANCĨRŪK NŪÊ
DAŞT-Ĩ BARNATĨ
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ĨK
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RÛ
BĀ
ŞĀX
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Turkey
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Syria
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Iraqi Kurdistan
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BĀSTORA
ZŪRG-Ĩ ŞARABOT
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14
Introduction The present publication consists of several volumes presenting the registered dataset as a catalogue of settlement sites, documented caves, and architectural remains. Each volume is structured in a similar way. For each site/monument, there is a section containing its description and a section presenting collected material comprising of plates of drawings and/or photographs as well as tables with the description of the illustrated fragments shown on facing pages. The purpose of this introduction is to explain how the data collected were processed and how information presented in this and the other volumes of the publication is organized. The tabular presentation of data and the never-ending quest to save space required synthesis of some information, and, in many cases, abbreviations were used which may not be well-known or apparent to the reader. These will be explained below. THE DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE The publication numbers of sites, beginning with the letters “US” (for UGZAR Site), were assigned after the conclusion of fieldwork according to geographical order, starting in the northeastern part of the study area, and allotted to successive geomorphological units, as they were defined during fieldwork. The field numbers of sites beginning with the letter “S” are given because field reports and earlier publications (prior to 2018) referred to the sites using S-numbers. These numbers have been assigned during the progress of fieldwork and reflect the itineraries of the UGZAR team rather than the historical or geographical reality. The name of the site was given based on the information acquired locally, either in the neighbouring village or at the site. The transcription of Kurdish names was standardized according to the rules set by Feryad Fazil Omar in his Deutsch-Kurdisches Wörterbuch (Zentralkurdisch/Soranî) published in Berlin in 2005. Detailed explanation of the way in which Kurdish names are transliterated within the present publication is presented in the “Atlas” volume. However, it must be recalled that more than ten different dialects of Kurdish are in constant use within the surveyed territory, with some of these belonging to the Badiani group of dialects, and others to that of Sorani. It is thus possible that some local forms were corrupted or transformed when recorded by inspectors using their own dialects. When no information about the name of the site could be acquired or the informants did not know its name, one of two options was chosen: either the site was named after a neighbouring village or an area in which it was located and a running number was added to the name (for instance, Grd-ĩ Āş-ĩ Geūre 1, 2, etc.), or the phrase “no name” was used. Both these solutions have their respective advantages and disadvantages. The former creates a name which is not known locally and thus might be misleading for the local population but provides a precise way of differentiating sites from one another. The “no name” label clearly demonstrates that the site has no name, but might cause identification problems when it is assigned to a number of neighbouring sites. Moreover, these two ways of naming sites were not used consistently; during the same season, there were several sites provided with the “no name” label, and several provided with the “name and number” label. Therefore, it was decided that the US site number is the most precise method of identifying the documented archaeological sites. Consequently, throughout this volume and the other volumes containing both the site catalogue and the settlement studies, the sites will be referred to only by their US site numbers, even if they have local names. The number and the name in AASI/ASI are given only if the site in question has been previously recorded by the Antiquities Service of Iraq and listed either in the gazetteer Archaeological
Sites in Iraq (Salman 1970) or plotted on maps in the Atlas of Archaeological Sites in Iraq (Salman 1976). It must be noted that the Kurdish names of sites, typical for the area, are often corrupted in both publications due to the difficulties with writing Kurdish in classical Arabic script (cf. the case of site US 025), the inability of non-Kurdish speakers to hear all the sounds of the Kurdish language, the abandonment of vowels in writing, or, indeed, for all of these reasons at once. Moreover, in some cases, probably due to population movements caused mainly by the anti-Kurdish policy of the Iraqi government of the Saddam Hussein’s era, some names were clearly forgotten, with new names being given to these sites by the new population. For a more detailed analysis of working with ASI and AASI, cf SHIK vols. 1 and 2, in preparation. The area of the site is, in fact, the area covered by sherd scatter. It was calculated on the basis of measured site-limit points which were fed into the QGIS software. Two rules were observed when determining the extent of the sherd scatter. Firstly, when the site showed an uneven distribution of material of the same date, the spaces between the concentrations of material were considered part of the site, despite the fact that scatter in these areas was usually very thin. Secondly, when the sherd scatter extended beyond what appeared to be the morphologically-determined limits of the site, the area of the scatter was treated as the site. In consequence, the area given in the description of the site is often larger than the area of the site itself, but the difference should be estimated at less than 10%. The relation to water. The hydrology of present-day Kurdistan has changed dramatically in recent times. According to local informants, the water level on the Navkūr Plain dropped from about 20 m below the level of the plain 20 to 25 years ago to 130–150 m today. As a result, nearly all smaller streams are now seasonal; the same can be said about larger streams, like Kārbk, and even about rivers like the Gomel and al-Hazĩr which flow through the central part of the plain. Some of the streams feature a secondary flow of water used at some points along its course for watering fields and gardens, the presence of which is not related in any way to natural conditions, as most of the springs located in the area are also presently dry. For this reason, it was decided that present conditions would not be taken into account when referring to the nature of the flow in the stream valleys. Instead, the determinations were made on the basis of available historical maps showing the hydrology of the area in the earlier part of the 20th century AD. The same maps also provided information on the main existing springs. As a matter of fact, a considerable number of settlements were recorded in their vicinity, which strongly suggests that the springs have dried up in the most recent times. The observation conditions refer to the conditions on site regarding the visibility of archaeological material on the surface which might thus directly influence the archaeologist’s ability to collect a representative sample. In this respect, “good” means good visibility of the surface, for example on ploughed or harrowed fields, or on fields with low stubble left after the harvest. “Difficult” designates partial visibility of the soil surface, for instance on fields with high stubble with a lot of straw. “Bad” conditions mean that the original surface is entirely or almost entirely covered with vegetation, structures, or gravel. Often, especially on larger sites, different parts of the site presented different conditions. In such cases, two designations were used, for instance “good to difficult” or “difficult to bad”. Areas collected are marked by red squares within the relevant slots of the table. If only one area (A) is marked, it is advisable to consult the entry “Collection areas” in the “Description of the site” for the nature of the area: i.e. whether it was marked out within the limits of the site, or whether it corresponded to the entire area of the site.
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Introduction The geographical position is given as measured by a Garmin GPSmap CSx60 hand-held GPS receiver. The readings provided refer to a point marked as “MP” on the contour plan of the site, which was also used as a reference point for total-station measurements of the site, if such were taken (for the process of documenting the sites, see the Methodology chapter in the first volume of the publication). The position is given in two different reference grids: WPS84 in degrees, minutes and seconds, and UTM 38S in meters. Usually, two instruments were used in the field at the same time, one set to the former standard, and the other to the latter. The height above sea level is given as read from the GPS device mentioned above. However, at some point during the fieldwork, it became clear that height readings taken with one instrument could differ by as much as 15 m from the readings taken with the other. As no information about the instrument used to take any particular reading was recorded, it is impossible to control the deviation of the reading; moreover, there is no means to determine which instrument was used for measuring the height of a particular site. As a result, values given in the description of the site should be treated as very approximate, with the standard deviation of the height determination as large as ±15 m in contrast to ±2–3 m as indicated by the instrument. As no information on the readings of benchmarks located in the study area was available to the team, all contour lines plotted on the site plans are provided with relative height values, counted from the lowest contour line (marked as “0 m”). This solution was chosen to facilitate the evaluation of the relative height of mounded sites. The description is divided into five sections. “Location” refers to the site’s location in respect to modern settlements and water sources. “Description of the site” refers to the morphology of the site and its most important features. “Areas collected” lists all the collecting areas, describing their location and giving their area in hectares (measured using the QGIS software). It also provides the percentage of the area of the site covered by collection areas. The “Damages” section lists damages caused by erosion and animal or human activity, and identifies potential threats to the site’s existence. “Interpretation and history” contains a summary of the collected information, providing a wider perspective on the site by contextualising it in comparison with other settlements of the same period. Periods of occupation show the number of sherds identified for each of the evidenced settlement periods on the site, rendering an estimation of the settled area per period. The number of identified sherds corresponds to the final identifications given in the “UGZAR period” column in tables with descriptions of plates illustrating material from particular sites (see below). The settled area is my own estimation which was done according to the following rules: In the case of sites where all of the material was collected, the whole area was counted as occupied for periods evidenced by two or more sherds. For periods evidenced by only one sherd, the area of the site was halved. In the case of sites where not all of the material was collected, the whole area of the site was counted as occupied for the periods evidenced by sherds collected in all collection areas. However, when a particular period was evidenced only in some of the collection areas, the settled area was not calculated as a sum of these areas, but rather was estimated depending on the outline of the site and the location of collection areas in which sherds of a particular period were present. If the site had a lower town, its whole area was included in the count of period(s) evidenced in the lower town, despite the fact that it was only sampled. A full survey of each site (for which we have no time and resources) and excavations will most likely come to correct these estimates.
DESCRIPTIONS OF PLATES Artifacts collected on the sites are presented on three types of plates provided with three various labels: PL.PP.XXX.X, PL.DF. XXX.X and PL.MF.XXX.X. The label PL.PP. is an abbreviation of "Plate. Pottery Profiles", PL.DF. of "Plate. Decorated Fragments" and PL.MF. of "Plate. Miscellaneus Finds". .XXX stand for US number of the site, and .X is a running number of the plates for a particular site. DRAWINGS AND PHOTOGRAPHS OF POTTERY FRAGMENTS Drawings of pottery are reproduced at a scale 1 : 4. All the drawings and photographs of the material are provided with tables containing information on individual features of each item, including dimensions, colour, technological description, information on decoration and, where possible, a proposed dating. Some of the finds are both drawn and photographed – usually, these are pottery fragments with more elaborate decoration, for which a drawing would not suffice. The abbreviations used in these tables are presented in more detail in the following section. The number column contains the individual number of a sherd, composed of a letter designating a particular collection area and a running number. Sometimes the “+” sign appears between numbers, e.g., “A13+22” (or less often “A12+C3”), which means that two or more sherds were joined after the material from the area/ site had already been allocated numbers. In the first case, two joined sherds came from the same area, in the second case, from different areas. The WCT column contains the interim identification of a particular sherd to period and type (separated by a slash) as defined in the Working Ceramic Typology (Ur 2013). The division into periods is summarised in the table below. In rare instances, these determinations are given in square brackets, this meaning that the original field identification was rejected, and that the fragment in question was either identified as belonging to another period or left without a period determination (cf. the “UGZAR period” column). The relation between the Working Ceramic Typology and the determinations used in this publication will be discussed more extensively in the chapters devoted to the study of particular periods within the summary volume of the publication (SHIK vol. 11, in preparation). The UGZAR period column contains the determinations of periods made when the pottery material was studied for the final publication. Originally, it was planned that an internal typology would be proposed for every identified period, but this task proved to be too time-consuming to be accomplished in the relatively short time left for the preparation of the final publication. An empty field means that the sherd in question could not be identified as belonging to any particular period. An extensive study of the pottery typology, this being beyond the scope of the present publication, is planned for the future. The diameter column gives the rim or base diameter in centimetres, usually measured on the outside of the rim/base. The height column gives the height of the sherd in centimetres, measured when reconstructing the original position of the fragment within the vessel, using either the rim/base surfaces or the decoration and/or traces of forming. Thus, it is not just the physical dimension of the sherd. When it was possible to determine the complete original height of the vessel, the measurement is preceded by the abbreviation c. The thickness column gives the thickness of the wall of the vessel in centimetres. When there is an observable difference in the thickness of the sherd, two numbers are given: the first one refers to the measurement taken in the upper part of the fragment, and the second in the lower part of the fragment.
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Introduction The break column contains the description of the colour(s) visible in the break of a sherd. If there is more than one colour, then they are listed from the outside to the inside in separate rows. A slash at the end of the row divides the description of the break in the upper part of the vessel from the description of the lower part of the sherd. If present, traces of overfiring in the pottery kiln are noted in the last row. Abbreviations l. light
p. pale
d. dark
The “temper” column contains information on the size, frequency, and composition of intentional additions to the paste used for shaping a given vessel. In order to achieve the highest possible level of coherence between descriptions, most of the determinations were made by Dr Dorota Ławecka from the University of Warsaw. However, especially in the 2012 season, she shared this task with other team members. The present author described pottery from sites US 144-146, US 148, US 153-154, and US 147 (Areas A, C, D and F). The pottery from US 156 was described by Dr Joanna Mardas. Finally, during the 2015 season, pottery from US 136-137 and US 139 was described by Mrs Michalina Dzwoniarek-Konieczna. Three main groups of tempers were identified: vegetal (denoted by the letter V), mineral (M), and pottery grit (PG); they are always listed in separate rows. Occasionally, if no temper was observed in the break, the designation 0 was used, and, if the quality of the clay is high, the abbreviation fc (for fine clay) is added. The vegetal and the pottery grit tempers are differentiated only based on the size of particles. Abbreviations t tiny
s small
m medium
l large
xl extra large
These are always put in brackets, and if several sizes of particles are present, they are separated by full stops. The same categories are used in the case of the mineral temper, but here different types of minerals could be identified as well. Abbreviations b basalt
f feldspar
g granite
l limestone
m mica
q quartzite
u unidentified
In the case of this last group of tempers, the colour of particles is usually noted to allow the identification of the temper in the future. Finally, the presence of one of three types of sand is noted: fs fine sand
s sand
cs coarse sand
A standard density of the temper particles is not noted. For extremes, the following abbreviations were used: f. few
a. abundant
xa. extremely abundant
The surface treatment column describes the way in which the surfaces of the vessel’s walls were handled after shaping. The treatment observed is given from the outside to the inside. If only one surface is described, then it is assumed that the other surface (usually internal) was not treated in any way. If there are no additional notes, it is assumed that both surfaces of the fragment received the same treatment.
Abbreviations t. top
b. bottom
r. rim
h. handle
Five main types of surface treatment were noted: 0 no treatment
WS wet smoothed
B burnished
P polished
R roughened
Two types of slip are distinguished: S (slip) means that the surface of the pot was intentionally covered with a thin layer of fine clay dispersed in water, and Ss (self-slip) that a similar but thinner layer of clay has built up during the drying of the pot. Sometimes, the surface treatment could not be determined due to the fact that the original surface had been damaged by erosion (er.), concealed by a layer of calcite crust (denoted by ?), or covered with painted, moulded, or glazed decoration obscuring the visibility of the surface (deco). Other abbreviations tt. tool traces
scr. scraping
ct. cutting
The colour of the surface is determined using Munsell Soil Chart™ reading on the dry, clean outer surface of the sherd. If there is more than one colour, then that on the upper part of the sherd is noted first. As the colours are read from a dry surface, the sample quite often does not correspond exactly to one of the colours in the Munsell Soil Chart; hence, the abbreviations dr – darker, lr – lighter or pr – paler are added after the colour’s symbol. Decoration. If the surface of the sherd is decorated, one of the following abbreviations is used in this column: APL applicated
CMB combed
EXC excised
GLZ glazed
GRV grooved
INC incised
MLD moulded
PNT painted
RBD ribbed
STM stamped
When two (or more) decoration techniques appear in combination, their codes are separated by a “+” sign. It is assumed that the decoration is placed on the outer surface of the fragment. When that is not the case, abbreviations r. – rim or in. – inside are respectively employed. The colour of the decoration is given only in the case of painted or glazed decoration. Again, the Munsell Soil Chart is used to determine the colour. Word description is used only in the case of glazed decoration when the colour does not match any of the samples present in the Munsell chart. The colour designations are preceded either by out. or in. for the external and internal surface, respectively; lack of such abbreviations means that the colour of the glaze is the same on both surfaces. If more than one colour is used, they are listed in separate rows. Occasionally, other designations listed in the “Colour of the surface” section could be used here. Forming technique. Only basic potter’s techniques were identified: H by hand
NTW no trace of wheel visible
SW on slow wheel
W fast wheel
M in mould
Occasionally, more than one technique was used on the same sherd; in such cases, the designations are linked by a “+” sign. Tables containing the description of pottery sherds not illustrated have an additional column with the designation of a similar sherd from that site which is illustrated.
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Maps legend
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
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List of abbreviations and bibliography LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AASI
١٩٧٦ بغداد، اطلس الموقع االثرية في العراق،)عيعيسى سلمانن (المحرر
ASI
١٩٧٠ بغداد، الموقع االثرية في العراق،)عيعيسى سلمانن (المحرر
AOAT EHAS EPAS KDW LoNAP SHIK UGZAR WCT
(Salman, I., ed., Atlas of Archaeological Sites in Iraq, Baghdad 1976)
(Salman, I., ed., Archaeological Sites in Iraq. Baghdad 1970) Alter Orient und Altes Testament Eastern Ḫabur Archaeological Survey Erbil Plain Archaeological Survey Omar F.F., Kurdisch-Deutsches Wörterbuch (Zentralkurdisch/Soranî), Berlin 2005 Land of Nineveh Archaeological Project Settlement History of Iraqi Kurdistan Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Ur J., Working Ceramic Typology, 7th edition, manuscript, 2013
BIBLIOGRAPHY Ainsworth W.
1841 An Account of a Visit to Chaldeans, Inhabiting Central Kurdistán; And of Ascent of the Peak of Rowándiz (Ṭúr Sheïkhíwá) in Summer 1840, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 11, pp. 21-76. Badger G. P. 1852 The Nestorians and their Rituals. Vol. I, London. Battini L. 2011 The Eastern Tigris Region in the First Half of the 2nd Millennium BC, In: P. A. Miglus, S. Mühl, eds., Between the Cultures. The Central Tigris Region from the 3rd to the 1st millennium BC, [Heidelberger Studien zum Alten Orient 14], Heidelberg, pp. 111-141. Braidwood R., 1960 Prehistoric Investigations in Iraqi Kurdistan, [Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 31], Chicago: The UniverHowe B. sity of Chicago Press. Chabot M. J.-B. 1896 Le livre de la Chasteté composé par Jésusdenah, Évêque de Baçrah, publié et traduit par M. J.-B. Chabot, Mélanges de l'école française de Rome 16, Rome, pp. 225-292. Fiey J. M. 1965 Assyrie chrétienne. Vol. 1, Beyrouth. Frame G. 2021 The Royal Inscriptions of Sargon II, King of Assyria (721 – 705 BC), [The Royal Inscriptions of the Neo-Assyrian Period, vol. 2], University Park, Pennsylvania: Eisenbrauns. Fuchs A. 2011 Das Osttigrisgebiet von Agum II. bis zu Darius I. (ca. 1500 bis 500 v. Chr.), In: P. A. Miglus, S. Mühl, eds., Between the Cultures. The Central Tigris Region from the 3rd to the 1st millennium BC, [Heidelberger Studien zum Alten Orient 14], Heidelberg, pp. 229-320. Gómez Bach A., Cruells 2019 New excavations at Gird Banahilk, a Halafian site in Iraqi Kurdistan: Farmer and herder communities W., Alcántara R., Saña M., in the Upper Zagros Mountains. Paléorient 45, pp. 53-66. Molist M., Douché C. Hammer E., Ur J. 2019 Near Eastern Landscapes and Declassified U2 Aerial Imagery. Advances in Archaeological Practice 7 (2), pp. 107-126. Herodotus Histories, books I-IX. Hoffmann G. 1880 Auszüge aus syrischen Akten persischer Märtyren, Leipzig: Brockhaus. Jakob S. 2011 Das Osttigrisgebiet im strategischen Konzept mittelassyrischer Könige zwischen 1350 und 1056 v. Chr., In: P. A. Miglus, S. Mühl, eds., Between the Cultures. The Central Tigris Region from the 3rd to the 1st millennium BC, [Heidelberger Studien zum Alten Orient 14], Heidelberg, pp. 191-208. Koliński R. 2012 Report on the Field Activities of the Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project in year 2012. 2014 Report on the Field Activities of the Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Project for the 2014 season. 2015 Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project. Report on the Field Activities in the Province of Duhok for the 2015 Season. 2016 Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project. Report on the Field Activities in the Province of Erbil/ Hawler for the 2016 Season. — Insights into the settlement history of Iraqi Kurdistan from the Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project, in: K. Kopanias, J. MacGinnis (eds.), The Archaeology of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and Adjacent Regions, Oxford: Archaeopress, pp. 163-172. — The use of the Satellite Imagery in an Archaeological Survey in Iraqi Kurdistan, Contributions in New World Archaeology 9, pp. 113-22. 2017 Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project. Report on the Field Activities in the Province of Erbil/Hawler for the 2017 Season. —
Settlement History of Iraqi Kurdistan: an assessment halfway into the project, Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean, 26/1, pp. 579-590.
2018 The Post-Assyrian Period in the Eastern Assyria, In: R. Koliński, J. Prostko-Prostyński and W. Tyborowski, eds., A wīlum ša ana la mašê, „A man not to be forgotten”. Studies in Ancient economy and society presented to prof. Stefan Zawadzki on occasion of his 70th birthday. [AOAT 463], Münster: Ugarit, pp. 95-116. — An Archaeological Reconnaissance in the Greater Zab Area of the Iraqi Kurdistan (UGZAR) 2012-2015, In: Horejs B., Ch. Schwall, V., Müller, M. Luciani, M. Ritter, M. Guidetti, R.B. Salisbury, F. Höflmayer, T. Bürge, eds., Proceedings of the 10th ICAANE, April 25th-29th, Vienna, Harrassowitz. Vol. 2, pp. 13-26. 2019 Hiptunu and Habruri – an archaeological point of view, In: A. Pieńskowska, D. Szeląg, I. Zych, eds., Stories told around the fountain. Papers offered to Piotr Bieliński on His 70th Birthday, Warsaw: Warsaw University Press, pp. 313-332.
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2020a The Catalogue of Archaeological Sites. The Navkūr Plain. Kārbk stream basin. [SHIK 4], Harrassowitz: Wiebaden. 2020b The Catalogue of Archaeological Sites. Grdapān & Ākrê Regions. [SHIK 5], Harrassowitz: Wiebaden. 2016 Newcomers and autochthons. Preliminary report on 2013 activities in the Kurdistan Autonomous Region, Iraq, Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 24/1, pp. 591-598. — Newcomers and autochthons. Preliminary report on the 2014–2015 survey in the Kurdistan Autonomous Region, Iraq, Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 25, pp. 511-519. 2017 Newcomers and Autochthons. The 2016-2017 UGZAR Survey in the Kurdistan Autonomous Region, Iraq. Settlement pattern in Ninevite 5 period, Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 27/1, pp. 417-427. 2014 A City from the Dawn of History. Erbil in the Cuneiform Sources. Oxford – Philadelphia. 2019 History and Philology, In: E. Rova, ed., Tigridian Region, [ARCANE V], Brepols: Turnhout, pp. 361-377. 2020 Alexander the Great’s Route to Gaugamela and Arbela, Klio 102, pp. 536–559.
MacGinnis J. Maiocchi M. Marciak M., Sobiech M., Pirowski T. Marciak M., Szypuła B., 2021 The Battle of Gaugamela and the Question of Visibility on the Battlefield, Iraq 83, pp. 87-103. Sobiech M., Pirowski T. Marciak M., Sobiech M., in press Alexander the Great in Mesopotamia in 331 BCE, Antichthon 56. Pirowski Mardas J. 2018 Iraqi Kurdistan’s heritage in the face of regional development: state of preservation of archaeological sites and damage assessment – a provisional report, Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 26/1, pp. 809-826. Marf D. A. 2015 Re-identifying the Hiptunu town and Adaruttu mountain, Akkadica 136, pp. 127-140. Mingana A. 1907 Histoire de Mâr Sawrïsô‘ de B. Qôqâ. Sources syriaques, vol.1, Harrassowitz: Leipzig. Nováček K., Wood P. 2020 The Monastic Landscape of Adiabene in the First Centuries of Islam, Journal of Islamic Archaeology 7(1), pp. 1-20. Oded B. 1979 Mass Deportations and Deportees in the Assyrian Empire, Wiesbaden. Omar F. F., 2005 Deutsh-Kurdisches Wörterbuch (Zentralkurdisch/Sorani). Berlin. Parker B. 1954 The Nimrud Tablets 1952, Business Documents, Iraq 16, pp. 29-58. Parpola S. 1970 Neo-Assyrian Toponyms, [Alter Orient und Altes Testament 6], Neukirchen – Vluyn. Perkins J. 1851 Journal of a Tour from Oroomiah to Mosul, through the Koordish Mountains, and a Visit to the ruins of Nineveh, Journal of the American Oriental Society 2, pp. 69-119. Pisowicz A., 2012 Gramatyka kurdyjska/Sorani wariant używany w Erbilu (Kurdish/Sorani grammar, Erbil variant), Kraków: Bartczak A., Księgarnia Akademicka. Muhammad F. M. Postgate J. N. 1976 Fifty Neo-Assyrian Legal Documents, Westminster. Radner K. 2006- Provinz. C., In: Reallexikon der Assyriologie, vol. 11, Berlin – New York: de Gruyter, pp. 42-68. 2008 Reade J. E 2015 Xenofon’s Route through Babylonia and Assyria, Iraq 77, pp. 173-202. 2016 The Gates of Nineveh, State Archives of Assyria Bulletin XXII, pp. 39-93. Rolfe J. C. 1971 Quintus Curtius: History of Alexander, Volume I, Books 1-5 (Loeb Classical Library No. 368), London. Safar F. 1950 Pottery from Caves of Bardost, Sumer VI/2, pp. 118-123 عيسى سلمان1970 بغداد،الموقع االثرية في العراق Salman, I., (ed.) Archaeological Sites in Iraq. Baghdad. 1976 بغداد، اطلس الموقع االثرية في العراق،بغداد Atlas of Archaeological Sites in Iraq, Baghdad. Sarre F., Herzfeld E. 1920 Archäologische Reise im Euphrat- und Tigris-Gebiete, vol. II, Berlin: D. Reimer Verlag. Ur J. 2013 Working Ceramic Typology, 7th edition, manuscript. Ur J., Reade J.E. 2015 The Hydraulic Landscape of Nimrud, Mesopotamia 50, pp. 25-51. Wallis Budge E. A. 1893 The Book of the Governors: the Historia Monastica of Thomas Bishop of Margā A. D. 840. II vols. London. 1902 The Histories of Rabban Hormizd and Rabban Bar-Idta. 3 vol. Luzac: London.
ياقوت الحموي الرومي
Yāqūt al-Ḥamūĩ al-Rūmĩ 1228 Zadok R. Ziegler N.
كتاب معجم البلدان
1866- Dictionary of Countries (Kitāb mu'ǧam al-buldān. Vols. 2, 3. F. Wüstenfeld (ed.). Leipzig. 1873 1978 West Semitic toponyms in Assyrian and Babylonian sources, In.: Y. Avishur, J. Blau, eds., Studies in Bible and the ancient Near East presented to Samuel E. Loewenstamm on his seventieth birthday, Jerusalem: E. Rubinstatn’s Publishing House, pp. 163-179. 2011 Die Osttigrisregion im Spiegel der Archive von Mari, In: P. A. Miglus, S. Mühl, eds., Between the Cultures. The Central Tigris Region from the 3rd to the 1st millennium BC, [Heidelberger Studien zum Alten Orient 14], Heidelberg, pp. 143-155.
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20
Chronological table SYMBOL OF PERIOD
PERIOD DESCRIPTION
1
Hassuna
Samarra
2
Halaf
3
Ubaid
4 5 6 7 8
Late Chalcolithic 1-2 Late Chalcolithic 3-5
Northern Middle Uruk
Ninevite V Middle and Late 3rd millennium
Early Jezirah I-II
Early Jezirah III-V
11 12 13 14 15 16
Post-Ubaid
Southern Middle Uruk Late Uruk Early Dynastic I-II
Early Dynastic III
Khabur Ware
9 10
Early Northern Uruk
Akkadian
Middle Bronze Age
Mitanni Middle Assyrian
Late Bronze Age
Neo-Late Assyrian Post-Assyrian
Iron Age
Neo-Babylonian
Seleucid Parthian
Achaemenid
Hellenistic Roman
Sasanian Late Sasanian
Early Islamic
17
Early Islamic (Abbasid)
18
Middle Islamic
19
Middle and Late Islamic
20
Late Islamic
21
Undifferentiated Islamic
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Post-Akkadian
Ur III
21
Settled area SITE NUMBER
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
US 107
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
0.13
19
20 0.13
US 108
0.25
US 109 US 110
1.0
7.3
1.72
14.66
14.66
14.66
1.0
6.5
4.0
0.3
0.3
5.0
3.0
0.3 1.5
US 111
0.15
US 112
0.52
US 114
0.9
0.15
0.26
US 113 0.9
2.45
2.45
5.11
5.11
US 115
0.1
US 116
3.93
US 117
1.51
US 118
0.78
0.78
0.78
0.75
1.51
3.93
3.93
1.51
0.78
US 119
1.0
US 120
0.47
US 121
4.21
1.3
4.21
4.21
US 122
0.86
0.43
0.43
0.43
US 123
0.89
4.21
US 124
0.62
US 125
0.07
0.86
0.31
US 126
1.77
US 127 ?
US 129
0.50
2.87
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.88 0.32
0.37
1.23 4.1
0.31
0.4
US 130 US 131
0.43
1.77 0.64
US 128
4.1
4.1
0.61
4.1
US 132
0.6
0.6
0.3
US 133
0.1
US 134
1.74
1.74
0.1
1.74
US 135
1.35
US 136 US 137
0.75
US 138 US 139 US 140
21
0.38 0.7
0.76
0.76
2.59
2.59
2.59
0.76
0.38
0.38
0.7
1.51
1.51
0.76
0.38
1.51
0.76 0.7
0.82
1.65
1.65
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22
Settled area SITE NUMBER
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
US 141
8
9
10
1.8
1.8
1.8
11
12
13
14
US 142 US 143
1.12
1.12
0.5
2.24
15
16
17
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.75
0.75
0.37
US 145
1.26
US 146
1.87 1.5
1.5
3.4
3.4
3.4
1.87
2.55
2.55
0.93
0.93
2.55
1.5 0.35
?
US 152
2.02
US 153
1.15
2.02
2.02
2.02
2.02
2.55
0.35
US 155 US 156
0.28
2.02 0.55
US 154
0.28
US 157
2.67
2.67
2.67
0.28
0.28
0.28
0.5
0.5
0.5
2.26
2.26
2.0
4.0
0.55
2.67 0.28
US 158
1.46
0.73
0.73
1.26
1.26
1.26
US 159
0.1
0.1
US 160
2.27
2.27
0.73 1.26
1.26
0.76
0.76
1.13
US 161 US 162
0.18 0.6
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85
0.85 20.1
16.4
US 165 US 166
1.27
0.52
US 151
US 164
21
0.75
US 150
US 163
20
1.5
US 148 US 149
19
1.12
US 144
US 147
18
33.9
16.4
1.55 4.2
4.2
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0.5 1.55
2.1
0.73
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GEOMORPHOLOGY OF THE GREATER ZAB VALLEY
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Geomorphology
27
Geomorphology of the Greater Zab Valley The area covered by our research is limited by natural boundaries: the al-Ḫāzīr river to the west, the Greater Zab and the Bāstora Çāĩ stream to the south, and the first ranges of the Kurdistan Mountains to the north and east. Moreover, the Greater Zab Valley divides this territory into two equal parts. The character and morphology of the valley are important for the analysis of the settlement in this region. Both are largely the result of the geological structure of the areas through which the river flows towards the Tigris. This consists of sedimentary rocks formed at the bottom of the shallow sea filling the space between the Arabian Plate and the mountains of the Alpine Orogeny in the Tertiary Age. The most common are conglomerates of the so-called Baḫtiari Formation, formed in the late Pliocene. In the area of Makrdān and Çeme, older deposits are present, brought to the surface by the folding responsible for the uplift of the Pĩrmām and Bābacĩsk mountain ranges, located east of the Zab Valley. They are limestone and sandstone formations belonging to the so-called Fars Formation, formed in the late Miocene and early Pliocene (map on pp. 28-19). The original plain, formed mainly of conglomerates, has been significantly transformed by erosive and alluvial processes, which are caused by rainfall and watercourse activity. The most evident are the effects of the activity of the waters of the Greater Zab, as a result of which three terraces towering above the active river valley were formed. Moreover, strong erosive processes can be observed on the surface of the terraces created in this way (gully formation, especially on the highest terrace), while alluvial processes, which involved the deposition of soil on the terrace tread, dominate on the middle and the lower terraces. It should also be mentioned that the Zab Valley clearly changes its character in the area studied by UGZAR. In the upper part, from the Bêxmê Gorge to the mouth of the Bāstora Çāĩ, it is an entrenched river, meandering at the bottom of a deep gorge, the boundaries of which are marked by the edges of the highest terrace (cf. MAP.GZV.1-3, and the enclosed Satellite Imagery, and photos on pp. 31, bottom, and 33, top). South of the mouth of the Bāstora Çāĩ, the valley widens and is bounded by the edges of the middle terrace. The Zab no longer meanders, but rather becomes a braided river (MAP.GZV.4, and the corresponding Satellite Imagery, and photos on p. 37).
the Xārūk–Kvrasor area, the middle terrace is lower (from 3 to 5 m on the left bank and from 5 to 7 m on the right bank), and access to the river valley is quite easy (p. 35, top). Finally, the region of Çeme– Gobāl, located about 5 km to the north, offers unique conditions. The middle terrace on the right bank is 3 to 5 m high, while on the left bank, instead of a high cut bank, a 3-km-wide plain opens towards the Navkūr Plain, between Şāx-ĩ Sart in the north and Şāx-ĩ Zark Bardaraş in the south (cf. Satellite Image on p. 32). In addition, a road bridge that was planned as part of an expressway leading to Duhok was built here and is currently used by the local road connecting Rovĩā with Erbil. It seems that due to the favourable terrain in this part of the valley, it was also the place of crossing the Zab in antiquity. The lower part of the Upper Zab Valley offers different settlement and communication conditions. The area of the middle terrace forms a plain that extends from its edge for 300 to 1500 m. The edge itself varies in height: south of Dālarê, it is only 3-4 m high but gradually rises, reaching about 15 m in Bānanān. South of this village, its height decreases again, and it ranges from 5 to 3 m in the rest of the valley (photos on p. 37). At the same time, the hills that are the remnants of the higher terrace come close enough to the river to hinder travel only in two places, east of Hāncĩrūk Nūê, and in Xandak respectively. The left bank, located within the EPAS project’s concession, was not surveyed by the UGZAR team, but based on field observation and satellite imagery, it appears to consist entirely of the low edge of the middle terrace of the river. Thus, this part of the Zab Valley provides good conditions for travelling along its course on both the left and right banks. Moreover, the width of the valley and easy access to the river mean that during low water level periods, it could probably be forded in many places. However, at times when the Greater Zab carries nearly four times more water than in the autumn, crossing the river could be problematic in most places.
The upper part of the Zab Valley does not provide good conditions for settlement. The soil-covered treads of the middle terrace form small enclaves in the concave parts of the river meanders, separated from each other by cut banks jutting out for 50 m or more from their convex parts (photos on pp. 31, bottom, and 35. It is, therefore, not possible to travel along the river; to reach any of these enclaves, one has to leave the valley and hike through higher or lower hill ranges. The aforementioned cut banks alternating along the river also make crossing the Zab very difficult because it is virtually impossible to either descend into the valley or exit it on the other side of the river. Thus, the river can only be crossed in places where the slope of the highest terrace recedes from the riverbed. There are only a few such places in this part of the valley. In the north, it is the area of Āstrĩān–Qandīl (photo on p. 31, top), through which runs the modern road connecting Ākrê with Harĩr and Şaqlaūa. The second such region is located in the central part of this section of the valley, on its left bank, between the villages of Srkvrūk and Māndāĩn Žêr. To the north-west of the river, which flows in a straight line here, there is a fertile plain about 10 km long and up to 4 km wide (photo on p. 33, bottom. The tread of the middle terrace rises 10 to 15 m above the river level, which, on the one hand, protects it from being flooded when the water level is high, and, on the other, allows the river to be used as a water source. Access to this region is also difficult – the only road leads through the northern slopes of the Sart Mountains, which were almost uninhabited in the past (cf. Satellite Image on p. 32). Further south, in
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
28
UGZAR study area - geological map 43°40′0″
43°50′0″
44°0′0″
ĨS G MĀ O R ŪA G E
M
- K S R
M
O
U N T A I N S
A S S I F RG
E
Ā K R Ê
44°10′0″
36°50′0″
B O
O
P
G
P L A T E A U
R
T
R
A
N
G
E
a
36°40′0″
h
r
a
l-
Ḫ
ā
ZN
z ĩ r
TĀ
Ā K R Ê
N
P R T
N
A V K Ū
R
US 158
P L A I N
MO SA UN RT US 097 TA IN S
P L A T E A U
US 109
US 110
US 165 US 164
US 163 US 162
US 159-160 US 161 US 157
US 111
US 107
US 108
B R
B
ĨK
N T A
KAŪRGOSK
IN
36°30′0″
S
36°20′0″
U
Map drawn by L. Maminajszwili, generated by J. Mardas, described by X. Kolińska
S
O
e
DÊRÊ PLAIN
M
r
t
E
M
h
G
a
G
Ā
T
e
e
N
M
US 139 US 140 HANCĨRŪK NŪÊ US 141-142 US 143
A
ĨR
US 083
R
P
US 134 US 135 US 136-137 US 138
US 084
-Ĩ
US 273
US 147 US 146
US 122 US 124-130 US 131 US 130 US 132-133
N
IN
US 151-153 US 149-150 US 144-145 US 148
Ā
TA
US 121
US 119-117
L
N
A
U
X
O
US 077
GRDAPĀN PLATEAU
M
S
M
IN
Ā
K
A
US 120
ĨS
T
M
US 115 US 116
B A M O R D A Ṟ U N T A A Ş I N S
C
N
US 156
US 155 US 154
US 071
43°40′0″
US 113
U
US 114
A
O
B
M
Ā
US 112
r
Z
a
b
BARNATĨ PLAIN 43°50′0″
Background map: Geological map of Erbil. Edited in: 7/08/2012, by: Ministry of Natural Resources, General Directorate of Mineral Investment, Directorate of Geological Survey and Mineral Investigation - GIS Department. Supervised by: Aziz Asad Smail, chief Geologist.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
ZŪRG-Ĩ ŞARA 44°0′0″
44°10′0″
Geomorphology
44°20′0″
B
R
Ā
44°30′0″
Q
D
O
S
T
M
O
U
N
36°50′0″
29
TA
IN
A
LA
N
D
A
Legend Town
R
M
Anticline
O
U
N
TA
S
Flow
IN
Land slide
S
QUATERNARY Flood plain deposits (Qf)
N
Residual soil and Polygenetic deposits (Qr)
G
Slope deposits (Qs)
Z
E
Alluvial fan deposits (Qaf)
Ê
E
A
G
V
O
Ā
R
G
R
River terraces (Qt)
B
M
Ê
X
K
M
Ê
O
ḺA
K
RG
E
Mukdadiyah (Lower Bakhtiari) Formation (Mio3-plim)
Fatha (Lower Fars) Formation (Mio2f)
S
GŪ
GO
TERTIARY Bai Hassan (Upper Bakhtiari) Formation (Plib)
Injana (Upper Fars) Formation (Mio3i)
IN
US 165
S AS
TA
P
K
N
LĨ
U
Ĩ SP
O
PĨRĀT MOUNTAINS
US 166
36°40′0″
R
Pilaspi Formation (Eoc2-3p)
K
H
O
A
R
Avanah Formation (Eoc2-3a)
K
R
R
Ĩ R
A
N
G
Khumala Formation (Pal2-Eoc1k)
E
Kolosh Formation (Pal1-2ko)
Ā
CRETACEOUS
M
B
HARĨR PLAIN
Gercus Formation (Eoc1-2g)
A
A
B
Tanjero Formation (K2t)
S
C
S
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Naopurdan Shaly Rock (Olin) Walash Volcanic Rock Group (Pal-Eocw) Qulqula Conglomerate Formation (Kqc) Qulqula Radiolarian Formation (Kqr) Shalair Series (Upper Qandil Thrust) (K2sh) Qandil Metamorphic Series (K2qm) Bulfat Massif (K2bm)
ZŪRG-Ĩ ŞARABOT 44°20′0″
44°30′0″
Bulfat Group (K2bg)
Prepared by: Najeeb Patto Osa, Geomorphologist, Rawand Kadhim Ali, Department of Agriculture, Ryam Kherallah Dawood, Researcher, Paywand H. Abdulrhman, Geographer. Source: State Establishment of Geological Survey and Minning -1997 (GEOSURV), Baghdad - Iraq. The original was made available courtesy of the kaymakam of Şaqlāūa, Mr. Rozgar Sadeq.
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Geology of the Greater Zab Valley MAP. GZV 1 - the stretch between Bêxmê and Hĩzān
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PHOTOS View of the Greater Zab Valley south of the Bêxmê Gorge, showing the middle terrace on the right bank and the lower and middle terraces on the eastern bank; on the latter sites US 164 and US 165 are located.
A view from the south-east of the Zab meanders in the area of Bakdar.
Photo by J. Mardas
Photo by M. Szabłowski
Prt Mountains
Bakdar
us 161
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Geology of the Greater Zab Valley MAP. GZV 2 - the stretch between Hĩzān and Xārūk Qt
Tertiary formations
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Mio3i
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PHOTOS View of the Qalata meander of the Greater Zab, showing a cliff located north of the village, US 112 in the background, and the road leading to Qal’aa Dêr on the left.
Photo by D. Piasecki
Cṟa Qal‘aa Dêr US 097
US 112
The Greater Zab in the Srkvrūk/Māndāĩn Žêr area seen from the north-east. In the foreground, the Çamakaĩ Sarū village and US 157; in the background, the Sart Mountains.
Sart MountainS Çamakaĩ Xūārû
Çamakaĩ Sarû
uS 157
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Geology of the Greater Zab Valley MAP. GZV 3 - the stretch between Bĩsmĩrān and Banênān Qs
Quaternary formations
Plib
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Map drawn by L. Maminajszwili, generated by J. Mardas, described by X. Kolińska
Qr
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generated by
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Geomorphology
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PHOTOS The Xārūk meander seen from the east, with sites US 117-119 on the western and US 152 and 153 on the eastern bank of the river.
Photo by J. Mardas
The Greater Zab bed in the area of Dālarê, with US 121 on the right bank and Grd Māmāk on the left bank. The high cliff of the cut bank of the meander on which US 120 is located is clearly visible.
Photo by J. Mardas
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Geology of the Greater Zab Valley MAP. GZV 4 - the stretch between Dālarê and Hāncĩūk Nūê Qt
Qr
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Mio3-plim
Mio3-plim
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Map drawn by L. Maminajszwili, generated by J. Mardas, described by X. Kolińska
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Geomorphology
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PHOTOS The relatively low-sloping middle terrace on the western bank of the Greater Zab, south of Dālarê.
Photo by J. Mardas
A much higher part of the middle terrace on the western bank of the Greater Zab, north of Banênān.
Photo by J. Mardas
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HISTORICAL SOURECES AND ARCHEAOLOGY
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History and Archaeology
41
Historical sources and archaeology Generally considered the cradle of Near Eastern civilisation, the Fertile Crescent includes the plains extending from the foot of the Zagros, Kurdistan, and Taurus Mountains. It is only ten years ago that comprehensive surface surveys of this second subarea, located in north-eastern Iraq, were first conducted, making it possible to outline the settlement history of these lands. Our project, which is part of this international effort, covers the foothills of the first ranges of the Kurdistan Mountains: the Ākrê Massif and the Harĩr Massif. Our findings show that settlements appeared in this region around 6500 BC, and that the population grew slowly over the next four millennia. People lived in small rural settlements, the number of which increased to some 58 by the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC. Pottery from the south of Mesopotamia was found at five sites from the Late Chalcolithic 3-5 period, which confirms that the expansive southern Uruk culture also reached our study area. After a settlement crisis around 2500 BC, the eastern part of the Navkūr Plain and the foothills of the Ākrê Massif were colonised by newcomers from the banks of the Tigris, who established not only new villages, but also a city of 34 ha (US 018). It was an administrative and political centre associated with a cave sanctuary near the village of Gūndk, where three rock reliefs were carved, these being, in my opinion, the oldest surviving monuments of this kind in Mesopotamia. The 2nd millennium BC was a period of settlement stabilisation: the number of settlements was similar throughout, and 3-4 centres existed, each with an area of 10-15 ha, all located west of the Greater Zab, rather than one single, large city. It was not until the Neo-Assyrian period (919-612 BC) that major changes occurred. The rulers of Assur invested in agricultural production by building irrigation systems and populating Assyria with people deported from other parts of the empire, thus providing labour the cities and fields (Oded 1979). After the crisis caused by the fall of Assyria, the settlement fabric was rebuilt in the Hellenistic and Parthian periods, ultimately reaching its apex in the early Middle Ages (Late Sasanian period, c. AD 500-750). This was due to the arrival of Christians in this area – the Council of Ephesus in 431 forced the Nestorians living in Byzantium to flee eastwards, where they became subjects of the Sasanian kings. During this period, the number of known settlements increased to 125, and churches and monasteries were built in many of them, traces of which were found and documented by the UGZAR team. The advent of Islam brought a decrease in the intensity of settlement, but the number of settlements remained the same until the Ottoman period, oscillating between 60 and 70. The rare mentions of the UGZAR study area in historical sources (Battini 2011; Fuchs 2011; Jakob 2011; Maiocchi 2019; Ziegler 2011) suggest that this part of the Fertile Crescent was not of significant interest to the great empires of Mesopotamia and Persia. In this volume, which is devoted to the Greater Zab Valley, I would like not only to discuss the development of settlement in this area, but also to comment on its importance for the development of communication routes, both at the regional and supra-regional levels. I have three of these in mind: the first is the river itself; the second is the north-south route leading from the Erbil Plain to the region of Lake Urmia and on to Azerbaijan; and the third is the Royal Road from Elam and Fars in Iran through northern Mesopotamia and Anatolia, all the way to Ionia.
Settlement in the valley of the Greater Zab When considering the settlement along the Greater Zab and its role in communication, it is necessary to take into account the site of Grd Çem-ĩ Geūre (US 071) (Koliński 2020a, 490-547) in addition to the sites presented in this volume. This settlement on the Kārbk stream, just 1.3 km from the bank of the Zab, was of strategic importance because it controlled the eastern entrance to the natural corridor leading from the Zab Valley to the Navkūr Plain. Its sig-
nificance is evidenced by the long and uninterrupted settlement sequence documented at the site and its size. The site was inhabited from the Neolithic to the Islamic period, the mound reaching about 6 ha in area from the mid-3rd millennium BC onwards. During the 2nd millennium BC, as well as in the Hellenistic and Parthian periods, the area at the base of the tell was also inhabited, which increased the site’s area to almost 10 ha. Unfortunately, we do not yet know its ancient name. In the Neolithic and Early Chalcolithic periods, the lands around the Zab do not seem to have attracted much interest. Only one settlement has been documented for the Hassuna period, corresponding to the early stage of development of this culture. The Halaf and Ubaid cultures occurred at only three sites, including US 163 and US 071, the largest and most important in the river valley. The situation changed somewhat during LC 1-3: US 071 and US 163 were still inhabited, but two new, smaller settlements appeared in the central part of the valley. The subsequent LC 3-5 period is represented at four sites: US 071 and US 163, characterised by a long settlement history, and US 120 and US 150, inhabited exclusively during that time. Southern and northern types of Uruk ceramics have been found at the first three, while only southern examples are present at US 150. This suggests that it was a typical “colony” – an enclave of people who had migrated from the south. In the LC 3-5 period, we observe the northward spread of the Uruk culture, but the distribution of sites in the region which we studied indicates that the newcomers did not venture further than the Greater Zab, and that the river marks the northernmost limit of their expansion. I will only mention that east of the Greater Zab Valley, southern pottery was found at two more sites (US 273 and US 292). In my opinion, sites such as US 120 and US 163, where both northern and southern Uruk pottery has been found, were points of contact between these two communities. This interpretation is quite certain in the case of US 120 – a settlement located on the right bank of the Zab, only 1.25 km away from US 150 on the left bank, where, as mentioned, only pottery of the southern variety was found. With the onset of the Bronze age, the settlement landscape changed dramatically. Ceramics of the Ninevite 5 culture occur at 58 sites in our study area. In the Greater Zab Valley, we recorded 11 of them, including US 071. A new type of pottery appears in the sediments where we previously recorded prehistoric periods: US 071 and US 163. However, nine new settlements were founded during this time: three in the lower section of the river (all on the left bank) and six in the middle part of the valley (one on the left bank and five on the right bank). They are all small, ranging from 0.4 to 1.5 ha; only US 152 and US 153 located in Kvrsor, with a total area of more than 3.5 ha, may constitute a single, larger settlement. Another change in the settlement structure occurred in the second half of the 3rd millennium BC. The number of sites in the Zab Valley dropped from ten to seven, but most of them were large villages of several hectares. At the same time, a city (US 018) was established in the eastern part of the Navkūr Plain and became a local political and administrative centre. Most of the towns mentioned above were inhabited throughout the 2nd millennium BC. One of the few exceptions is US 163, which was abandoned at the end of period 8 after more than 3,000 years. It is worth mentioning that US 110 and US 071, which lie on the right bank, reached their maximum size during that time: 14.66 and 9.72 ha, respectively. Most of the remaining settlements fall into the category of villages of 2 to 4 ha. The function of one of the settlements (US 141) is unclear; it is located on the remains of the highest river terrace, without direct access to farmland, but with a good view of the Zab Valley and its east bank. It was most likely a small administrative centre controlling this part of the Zab Valley. The next changes in the settlement structure took place in the Neo-Assyrian period. As many as 19 sites were established in the
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Historical sources and archaeology Zab Valley during that time. Two of them, US 071 and US 110, most likely maintained the status of towns achieved during the 2nd millennium BC (as evidenced by the size of the inhabited area). On the other hand, a new major centre appeared – the site of US 164 in the upper part of the valley, with an area of about 20 ha. Since the Assyrian expansion and exploitation of territories was conducted in a deliberate manner, the founding of a city on this stretch of the river indicates its economic nature – it was a port. This was most likely the place from which grain harvested on Daşt-ĩ Harĩr, a plain at the core of the Assyrian province of Ḫabruri, was transported to Kalḫu (Koliński 2019). As many as five of the aforementioned 19 sites were hamlets or even individual farms. The middle terrace of the Zab south of Dālarê was particularly densely settled. There were as many as 11 settlements, including six villages (between 1 and 4 ha), four hamlets (0.5 to 1 ha), and one farm (0.4 ha). The fall of Assyria destroyed the settlement structure in the river valley. In the post-Assyrian period, only six of the 19 former sites remained inhabited. Those that survived were about half the size, and US 110 went from being a significant town of 14 ha to a settlement of merely 1 ha. In the Hellenistic period, the settlement network was restored, usually by reoccupying some sites that had been inhabited during the Neo-Assyrian period. The larger centres on the west bank, such as US 071 and US 110, were still in use, with the area of the latter expanding to 6 ha. The situation was completely different on the east bank of the Zab, where no sites from the Hellenistic and Parthian periods have been found at all. The reason for this state of affairs is unclear. Another change in the settlement structure took place in the Sasanian period, with its apex in the Late Sasanian period, when the settlement density increased to a maximum, reaching as many as 125 archaeological sites throughout the study area. This trend was also reflected in the situation in the Zab Valley, where 15 sites of the Sasanian period have been recorded; their number increased to 30 in the Late Sasanian period. The development observed was influenced by historical events; the Council of Ephesus in 431 declared the Nestorian doctrine a heresy, which was confirmed by the Council of Chalcedon in 451, and thus forced its followers to leave Byzantium. They migrated eastwards, where they established new settlements. In the Late Sasanian period, there were clearly three categories of sites. The first included towns, and its new representative was US 164, with an area of about 33 ha in this period. It was located in the northern part of the valley, near where Āv-ĩ Hrāş flows into the Zab. Its role must have been similar to that of the city in Neo-Assyrian times (see above). US 071 still existed, but the area inhabited decreased to about 6 ha. The second category consisted of villages, typically from 1.5 to 4 ha in size. Six of these lay on the west bank, all on terraces offering good conditions for agriculture, and six more on the east bank. Finally, the remaining 17 sites were less than 1 ha in size and were probably farms scattered among the villages. As a result, almost all the agricultural land available on the Zab’s middle terrace was converted into fields. At the beginning of the Islamic era, the number of settlements in the Zab Valley dropped to 17; with the exception of US 155, they had all been inhabited in the previous period. US 164 appears to have retained its importance, but its area decreased by about 50%. Other sites were usually villages or farms. Again, there is a disparity in the distribution of settlements on the east and west banks of the river. In contrast to the situation observed in the Hellenistic and Parthian periods, the east bank was more densely inhabited: three villages were located in the Grd Māmāk area, and the remaining seven sites were scattered along the riverbank. On the west bank, there were only three villages and four homesteads. The evidence of settlement in the mid-to-late Islamic period is inconclusive. There were two villages on the right bank and seven more on the east bank, evenly dispersed along the river. All of the aforementioned settlements were small, their area not exceeding 2 ha.
Finally, in the Ottoman period, which probably continued into the modern era, the settlement along the Zab increased again. Sixteen sites have been identified, half of them on the left bank and the rest on the right bank. They were all very small, only three of them being larger than 1 ha.
Communication Routes and Trails Route 1. The Greater Zab
An examination of the map suggests that the Zab Valley was a convenient route connecting the Tigris plains in the southeast with the highlands and valleys at the foot of the Kurdistan Mountains. However, written sources do not confirm this fact, and the scale of the use of this waterway for communication is unknown. There are only two accounts that testify to heavy materials being floated down the river on boats or rafts. The first dates to the Neo-Assyrian period and is a contract for the purchase of grain in the city of Ḫiptūnu in the Ḫabruri province (ND 2335, cf. Parker 1954, 44-45; Postgate 1976, 135-137). The transaction was made in the city of Kalḫu, and the contract mentions that the purchased grain will be transported from Ḫiptūnu on a kelek-raft. The province of Ḫabruri encompasses the Harĩr Plain, the north-western end of which is adjacent to the Greater Zab Valley (Radner 2006-2008,46). There is no doubt that the river used to transport the grain must have been the Greater Zab, which was connected with Kalḫu by a channel beginning south of the confluence of al-Ḫazīr and the Greater Zab (Ur, Reade 2015). Due to the strength of the current, transport on the Greater Zab was only possible downstream and only during the high-water season, i.e. from May to early July. In other months, low water levels make navigation difficult: in many places, rock thresholds appear in the riverbed, which makes floating impossible (see photo on p. 33, top). The period of high water partly coincides with the harvest season in the Middle East, so the transported grain presumably came from a new harvest. The second historical mention comes from the Middle Ages, and concerns the transport of building material for the new church of the Bēṯ 'Āwé monastery. Thomas of Margā writes in the Book of Governors that the stone for building the church and for burning lime was quarried in the Děbhar Ḥewtōn Mountains, and transported on rafts on the Zab (Wallis Budge 1897, I, xlviii, II, 397-400). In his historical reconstructions, Fiey locates the Ḥewtōn district in the limestone range of Şāx-ĩ Bābacĩsk, in earlier publications typically called Gara Surǧ (Hoffmann 1880, 233; Fiey 1965, 223, 246). If the proposed location of the monastery at US 097 is correct (Koliński 2020b, 464-519), then Şāx-ĩ Bābacĩsk appear to have been a convenient source of building material, which, according to Thomas of Margā, could have been transported to a destination 10 miles downstream. Currently, the Greater Zab is not used for transportation. Occasionally, one can see small boats or inflated tires used for fishing with hand-thrown nets. There is only a small ferry for crossing the river at Çamakaĩ Sarû; a similar crossing exists at Kvrsor/Xārūk, but only a boat is used there. The situation is thus different from that in the 19th century, when there was a kelek-raft ferry at Qandĩl in the north (Ainsworth 1841, 72), and another at Grd Māmāk in the central part of the valley (Perkins 1851, 107-109).
Route 2. From Erbil to Urartu While the texts mentioning the route leading from the south to the north as far as Azerbaijan come from the Assyrian and Islamic periods, the archaeological data indicate that this road may have been used as early as the Halaf culture, around 6100-5100 BC. Let us begin with the archaeological data and the decisive clue that is the distribution of sites with the southern variant of Uruk pottery occurring in the LC3-5 period (period 5). We found two such
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History and Archaeology
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Historical sources and archaeology
ĨR AB -K AL ĀB -Z
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The Greater Zab Valley
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Historical sources and archaeology sites near the village of Grd Māmāk (US 120 and US 150, see below in this volume), another on the north bank of Bāstora Çāĩ, about 20 km east of the Zab (US 293), yet another on US 273, a prehistoric mound on a small plateau east of Şāx-ĩ Pĩrmām, and, finally, US 163, again on the left bank of the Greater Zab, at the mouth of the Rûbār-ĩ Koṟê. The location of the latter two sites seems to indicate the course of the route in the prehistoric period. In my opinion, the first part of the route led from the Erbil Plain toward the present-day village of Qala Mūrtak, lying on the southern bank of Bāstora Çāĩ, and continued north to the Dêrê Plain, in the centre of which US 273 is located. From there, it ran to the valley of Rûbār-ĩ Koṟê, and followed it downstream from the area of today Pānkān to its confluence with the Zab and the nearby settlement of US 163, the next stop on the route. While no southern Uruk pottery has been recorded at any of the UGZAR sites on the Harĩr Plain, it has been found further north, in the Dĩyān cave north-west of Raūandūz (Safar 1950, 121). It seems, therefore, that the trail did not end at the Zab, but rather continued for several kilometres upstream along the riverbank, then crossed the western part of Zūrg-ĩ Āmokān, and ran through the Spĩlĩk Pass (or rather the Gūḻak Gorge) to the valley of the Raūandūz stream and the Dĩyāna Plain. It cannot be ruled out that this route was in use earlier, from the Late Neolithic, around 6000 BC, because both US 273 and US 163 are known to have been inhabited since at least the Halaf period, and Hassuna and Ubaid pottery has also been found in the Dĩyān cave (Safar 1950, 120-121). Meanwhile, Halaf pottery has been recorded at the nearby Grd-ĩ Banahĩlk site (Braidwood, Howe 1960, 25, 33-35; Gómez Bach et al. 2019). The same route is mentioned in the written sources from the Neo-Assyrian period, during the reign of Sargon II (722-705 BC). In 714 BC, he embarked on a successful military expedition against the state of Urartu. Its final episode was the capture of the city of Muṣaṣir. On the way back, the Assyrian army crossed the Andarutta Mountains and reached the city of Ḫiptūna, from which it returned to Assyria (Frame 2021, 306; Sargon II, 65). Some years later, Urzana, a vassal ruler of the conquered Muṣaṣir, wishing to appear before Sargon II, used the same route. The letter K 1079 (= SAA V, 363) addressed to the king contains information about the stages of his journey. The last five are described as follows: “On the 10th day of Ala?mu, the 11th day of Ḫiptūnu, the 12th day of Muši, the 13th day of Anate/Issete, the 14th day of Erbil” (Koliński 2019, 316-317). Undoubtedly, Ḫiptūna and Ḫiptūnu are two variants of the name of the same place. Most Assyriologists believe this city lay on the Harĩr Plain (Radner 2006-2008, 46), basing this conviction on the similarity of the Assyrian name to the later Tell Ḫaftūn (Zadok 1978, 170), although Marf would rather locate it on the already-mentioned Dĩyāna Plain (Marf 2015, 134). In the late Middle Ages, the route is mentioned by Yākūt alHamawī in the Book of the Countries. Commenting on the geographical name of Tell Ḫaftūn, he writes that it is a city located on the road to Azerbaijan, two days’ journey from Erbil (al-Hamawī, II, 45). Elsewhere, he lists the following stations on this road: alDašt, or Dašt-ĩ Harĩr, as well as Ušnu, five days’ journey from Erbil, and Urmia, another two days. The location of the city of Tell Ḫaftūn is of key importance for the reconstruction of the route. Unfortunately, none of the localities in the UGZAR study area currently bear such a name, although Hoffman and Zadok, for example, write about it as a place that existed in their time. In this context, another similar geographical name should be brought to attention, namely Ḥew/ftōn, appearing in Syrian sources. This name refers to the diocese of Ḥewtôn and the Děbhar Ḥewtôn mountain range, where Qamjésus settled and founded a monastery 10 miles from Bēṯ Āwé (Jésusdenah 1806, 265, §89). Ḥewtōn is also the place from which limestone was obtained for the building of the church at the monastery of Bēṯ Āwé, according to Thomas of Margā (Wallis Budge 1897, II, xx). A similar name (Ḥibtūn) was given by al-Hamawī to a mountain located in the Mo-
sul province (al-Hamawī, II, 211). As mentioned above, this name is most likely related to Şāx-ĩ Bābacĩsk. An important clue as to the location of the city of Ḫiptūnu is provided by the Assyrian contract ND 2335. It concerns the purchase of grain in Ḫiptūnu and was drawn up at Kalḫu (Parker 1954, 44-45; Postgate 1976, no. 29, 135-137). The contract’s envelope mentions that the grain will be transported by kelek-rafts, and since the only potential waterway is the Greater Zab (see above), the city of Ḫiptūnu must have been located on its bank. Summing up the information from the Neo-Assyrian and medieval periods, I would like to propose a preliminary identification of the city of Ḫiptūnu with US 164. The arguments for this interpretation are as follows: – Its location on the Greater Zab made water transportation possible; – Its location on the prehistoric route described above is the reason why Sargon II mentions the city as a landmark on the route of the Assyrian army returning from Muṣaṣir and why later Urzana, the vassal ruler of this city, stops here on his way to the Assyrian court; – The Şāx-ĩ Bābacĩsk mountain range, at the foot of which it is located, was called Ḥewtōn in the Middle Ages, which was undoubtedly the Syriac version of the Assyrian name. Consequently, the second major Neo-Assyrian site on the Harĩr Plain, Grd-ĩ Tlê (US 184), some 16 km from US 164 as the crow flies, should be identified with the city of Ḫabruri, the capital of the province of the same name (Radner 2006-2008, 51). This would explain why al-Ḫamawī also mentions al-Dašt/Daštī Harīr as a stage on the route to Azerbaijan – it probably means that there was another urban centre in the area, almost a day’s journey away when one takes into account the terrain. How exactly did the trail between Ḫiptūnu and Erbil run? Urzana’s itinerary mentions two stops (in Muši and Anate/Issete), suggesting that this section of the route was divided into three stages. Unfortunately, the village of Muši does not appear in the sources again, and no site from this period has been identified between the Zab Valley and Qaḻā-ĩ Dêrê (US 273) on the Dêrê Plain. As for Anate/Issete, we know that there was a road connecting this town with the town of Kurba'il (Parpola 1970, 19), located on the western side of the Zab, probably on the Navkūr Plain (Reade 2016, 77, Fig. 19). It should therefore have been located in a place that provided easy travel conditions southward to Erbil and westward to Kurba'il. A location on the north bank of the Bāstora Çāĩ seems quite likely, maybe at US 302. It seems, therefore, that the north-south route, used from prehistoric times to the Middle Ages, led from Erbil towards the Bāstora Çāĩ, crossed this stream and the Dêrê Plain to the north, and then used the valley of the Rûbār-ĩ Koṟê (called the Dêre Birūş Valley by 19th-century travellers – probably after site US 258, which still bears that name today). The road thus reached the Zab and followed its east bank to the Āmokān Plain and the mountain pass at the western end of the Harĩr Massif. The Rûbār-ĩ Koṟê Valley could equally well be used to travel upstream, in the direction of Şāqlaūa. By the end of the Middle Ages at the latest, the route was changed, no longer reaching the Zab Valley but turning eastward, either to the Dūĩn Pass guarded by the Qaḻa-ĩ Dūĩn fortress (US 231), or up Gal-ĩ Graū. Both roads led to a high pass in the Bābacĩsk mountain range, near a village of the same name, and, after crossing it, the trail ran on to the Āmokān Plain. From there, it was possible to head to the Spĩlĩk Pass and continue northward, or descend southward to the Harĩr Plain. The reason why this shortcut was preferred is not entirely clear: it is the shortest route, but requires crossing a high mountain pass. Perhaps the erosive activity of the Zab hindered the possibility of using the “old” trail running along its bed.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
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Historical sources and archaeology Route 3. The Royal Road One of the most famous communication routes of antiquity led through the area studied by the UGZAR project, described by Herodotus as the Royal Road, which connected Sardis in Lycia with Susa in Elam, and had a branch continuing to Persepolis (Herodotus, Histories, V, 52-53). If the Greek historian is to be believed, then the distance of about 2,500 km could be walked in 90 days, while horse couriers, thanks to the relay system, could cover it in 9 days. Of the part of the Royal Road running through Iraqi Kurdistan, Herodotus writes only that it crossed four rivers that could not be crossed by ferry: the Tigris, two rivers called Zabatus, and Gyndes. There is no doubt that this means the Greater Zab, the Lesser Zab and Diyala/Sirwan. In turn, the itinerary of Nehtihur (MacGinnis 2014, 37-38, 121), an Egyptian dignitary who travelled from Babylon to Elephantine in the late 5th century BC, partly along the Royal Road, mentions Erbil as one of the cities located on it. Finally, a similar route from Erbil to Ctesiphon is described centuries later on the Tabula Peutingeriana (Marciak et al., in press). It remains to be determined whether the Royal Road actually passed through the area we were investigating or perhaps south of it. The latter alternative, however, lacks support from sources since none of the itineraries mentions Kalḫu (under its Greek name – Larissa) or Nineveh (Reade 2015; Marciak et al., in press) as a stage. Moreover, arguments in favour of locating the battlefield of Gaugamela near Tell Gomel in the Navkūr Plain seem to prevail over the alternative proposal that the battle was fought on the Karamleis Plain, closer to the Tigris (Marciak et al. 2020; 2021). In these circumstances, it seems more likely that the Royal Road ran further north, across the Navkūr Plain, and the Zab crossing must have been located within the boundaries of the UGZAR project’s permit. Besides, in my opinion, this section of the trail already existed previously: in the Neo-Assyrian period, a road connecting Anate/Issete east of the Zab with Kurba'il west of this river is mentioned (see above). The next question concerns the nature of the crossing of the Zab. It cannot be deduced from Herodotus’ remark that it was not a ferry crossing, whether there was a ford or a bridge. It is important to mention here the seasonal changes in the water level of the Greater Zab, affecting the navigability and the possibility of crossing the fords. The high water level is related to the melting of snow in the mountains – the flow is then about 1,000 m3 per second and can reach up to 1,320 m3. It occurs from May to early July and allows loads to be floated down the river, but makes crossings very dangerous or impossible. The low water level, occurring from late July to November, is due to the lack of rainfall in north-eastern Iraq from May to October. During this time, water flow in the river drops to 200-300 m3 per second, and the Zab can be easily crossed in many places. Hence, it seems that in order to maintain the continuity of communication on the Royal Road, it was necessary to erect a bridge over the Greater Zab, as well as over the other rivers the trail crossed: Altyn Su Küprü, also known as Qantarat az-Zab, on the Lesser Zab or Qantarat al-Gomel on the Gomel River (Fiey 1965, 181, 183-185). However, this is not evident, as the first mention of a bridge on the Zab appears in the context of the Battle of Gaugamela, which took place in 331 BC. It comes from a text by Quintus Curtius Rufus, from the 1st century AD, and it can be inferred from it that the bridge over the Zab was built by Darius for the current needs of the army crossing (Rolfe 1971, 247; Curtius 4.9.9). After losing the battle, Darius fled before Alexander using this bridge, and both reached Arbela in this way (Marciak et al. 2020, 550). Were it so, one would expect the bridge to be a temporary structure, possibly made of elements easy to transport. More references to the bridge come from the early Middle Ages. The first is of an indirect nature, as it concerns not a bridge, but
a monastery called the Monastery of the Bridge because it was located in its vicinity (Wallis Budge 1902, II, 200). It was erected in the 6th century AD at the latest, since Mār Hnānia served as the prior of this monastery in 562 (Fiey 1965, 180). The second mention, from around the same time, concerns monks from this monastery who regaled R. Bar ‘Idtâ with an uplifting tale of the rescue of a Christian woman from the hands of the Persians. The pagans drowned in the river before they could cross the bridge on the Zab (Wallis Budge 1902, II, 280). The third reference is made by Thomas of Margā, who mentions that the noble Bastômag of Quplâna, father of Catholicos Īsô'yaw III (in the years 644-658), while visiting Raban Ya'qūb, founder and prior of the Bēṯ 'Āwé monastery, crossed the Zab over a bridge in the vicinity of Esṭwān village, falling victim to a charm cast by witches washing their robes on the riverbank. The monastery of Bēṯ 'Āwé was founded in 595, so Bastômag’s visit must have taken place in the first decades of the 7th century AD. The final mention is Histoire de Mâr Sawrīsô' de B. Qôqâ, which reports that the monks who lived next to the bridge on the Greater Zab brought a sick man to Hnanisô, acting as prior of Bēth Qoq’ monastery in the years 663-675 (Mingana 1907, 242). Finally, Thomas of Margā, writing around 840, states that the bridge was already in ruins in his time (Wallis Budge 1897, I, xli, II, 84). Unfortunately, there is no independent evidence confirming the location of the Monastery of the Bridge – it is usually situated by researchers on the left bank of the Greater Zab, close to the place where Thomas of Margā locates the bridge (for instance, Nováček, Wood 2020, Fig. 1). Thomas of Margā’s account may suggest that there was not only a bridge near the village of Esṭwān (Wallis Budge 1897, II, 84), but also a ford; in another passage, he uses the ambiguous word “crossing” in the context of Esṭwān (Wallis Budge 1897, II, 439). Fiey places this ford (and village) on his map in a place where a stream flowing from the Qaḻa-ĩ Dêr basin joins the Zab (Fiey 1965, 224). Indeed, a British map of the area drawn before 1927 shows a ford at this location, but it is not a ford on the Zab itself, only on the stream. Moreover, in the place where Fiey locates Esṭwān, the hills descend steeply towards the Zab, and it would be impossible to build a settlement here! In any case, we have not found any traces of settlement in this area. Why do I link the existence of the Royal Bridge to the ford? Well, I believe that they were indeed adjacent to each other. The ford functioned since prehistoric times, then simultaneously with the bridge, and also after the latter had fallen into disrepair. My arguments for the location of the bridge are twofold: the first relates to the topography, and the second is based on observations of settlement dynamics in the region. First, however, I would like to address the claim that the Royal Bridge was erected in Grd Māmāk, and that its remains are still visible (Fiey 1965, 183; discussed by Marciak et al. 2020, 550-551). Herzfeld, to whom Fiey attributes this information, seems never to have visited the place himself. On the contrary, he merely mentioned that the road described on the Tabula Peutingeriana crossed the Zab at Grd Māmāk (Sarre, Herzfeld 1920, 328). Despite Fiey’s assertions, no remains that could have been part of such a structure have been found by the UGZAR team on either the right or the left bank of the river. An inspection of the Zab in the area revealed the presence of natural rock on the east bank and in the riverbed (see below, photo on p. 532), which could not have been part of the bridge, but might have been interpreted as such by an inexperienced observer. It seems that Fiey never visited the place in person, and it is not the first time that he used second-hand information and failed to verify the situation in the field (cf. the case of Bēṯ 'Āwé: Fiey 1965, 269). The Royal Road in the area in question runs from Erbil to the Navkūr Plain, so the section where a bridge could be erected is limited from the south by the town of Dālarê and from the north by Çeme. To build a bridge, two conditions must be met: firstly, both banks of the
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History and Archaeology
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Historical sources and archaeology river cannot be too high, and secondly, the area adjacent to the abutments of the bridge must be relatively easily accessible. Only one site located on this stretch of the Zab meets both of these conditions: the banks south of Gobāḻ-Çeme. On the left bank, one must cross a range of low hills, while, on the right bank, a flat corridor 2 to 5 km wide opens up, being, in fact, an extension of the Navkūr Plain. Two other possibilities remain: Kvrsor-Xārūk and the area south of Dālarê, but neither meet the aformentioned conditions. In the case of Kvrsor-Xārūk, access to a potential crossing on the left bank is easy, while, on the right bank, one must climb the high escarpment of the Zab’s highest terrace and then descend again to the Navkūr Plain. In the vicinity of Dālarê, access to the left bank is once again very easy, while, in the case of the right bank, as before, one must climb up to the tread of the upper terrace and descend to the Navkūr Plain. The advantage of this last site is that on the way to the Zab crossing, one does not have to cross the valley of the Bāstora Çāĩ, a wide periodic stream that can be an obstacle to travellers, especially in the spring. The second group of arguments relates to the settlements in the vicinity of the locations considered above. I assume that at such an important place as a river crossing, there was a settlement, which, on the one hand, provided a resting place for travellers and, on the other hand, made it possible to control traffic on the trail. In the Gobāḻ-Çeme area, this role must have been fulfilled by site US 071. This is suggested by its size (maximum 10 ha, including the lower town) and very long history of settlement (from Late Neolithic – period 2 to Early Islamic – period 17). It should also be added that the area to the north of the site offers poorer agricultural conditions than maps or satellite imagery would suggest. North of it, pebbles from the eroding slopes of Şāx-ĩ Sart form alluvial fans covering part of the plain. In this situation, a location ensuring control and profit from the river crossing would compensate for the potential lack of access to farmland. I am inclined to identify it as Esṭwān, a village located by the bridge and ford, known in the times of Thomas of Margā. I am very grateful to Alexander Edmonds, who turned my attention to the fact that Syriac word 'esṭwān means "pillar", "column" and is probably adapted from an Iranian language, being originally a loanword from the Greek word "stoa" (cf. Syriac 'esṭwā). This name may suggest the presence of some particular structure nearby, perhaps resembling columns/pillars, or even a portico. Could this be a reference to a bridge supported by arches? Taking into account historical sources and archaeological data, I believe that the banks of the Greater Zab above the mouth of the Kārbk stream were the best locations for the construction of the bridge. The choice of this particular area of the valley for the erection of the modern bridge built in 2015, which facilitated communication between the Erbil Plain and the Navkūr Plain, was dictated by the same topographic conditions determining the construction of a bridge at this location in the past. This conclusion is close to the opinion of Polish historian Dr Michał Marciak, who has studied the circumstances of the Battle of Gaugamela. Having conducted a reconnaissance of the area, he believes that the vicinity of Çeme is most suitable for the location of the ford, and possibly the bridge, and rules out the existence of a bridge at Grd Māmāk (Marciak et al. 2020, 550-551). I also believe that a ford must have existed here as early as the prehistoric period, and that the bridge was not built until Persian times, possibly as part of the Royal Road. It was also convenient from a strategic point of view since the presence of a ford facilitated the army’s crossing: carts could be driven over the bridge, and infantry and cavalry could use a ford, especially when the water was low. Perhaps it was also advantageous for the expansive Sassanid rulers of Mesopotamia and Persia, who maintained the bridge, and that is why it still existed in the 6th-7th century AD.
The Altyn Su Küprü bridge on the Lesser Zab was repaired many times in the following centuries as well (Fiey 1965, 184). The bridge on the Greater Zab had already fallen into disrepair by the beginning of the 9th century AD, which was due to neglect, rather than careless workmanship.
Conclusions The part of the Greater Zab Valley discussed here is divided into two zones of a different character. Below Dālarê, looking from the south, the valley is open, which provides good conditions for agriculture and settlement, and the absence of natural obstacles on its banks facilitates travel. The agricultural potential of this part of the valley was most intensively exploited in the Neo-Assyrian period and later in the Late Sasanian period. Above Dālarê, the valley becomes narrower and deeper, and the river meanders among cliffs that reach up to 70 m in height, alternately on its left and right banks. Such a terrain makes cultivation and communication difficult. Apart from two sites with a long settlement history (US 071 and US 163), late-period settlements dominate in this part of the valley, their existence ensured by a modest acreage. Therefore, this section of the trade route leading to Azerbaijan which had existed since the Neolithic period ran through the mountain valleys to the east of the Zab, and descended into its valley only for a few kilometres between sites US 163 and US 164 (Assyrian Ḫiptūnu, later Ḫewton). The medieval variant of the route bypassed the river valley altogether. Interregional communication between the plains of Erbil and Navkūr, as well as areas further west as far as the Tigris Valley, was provided by a route that dating back to the 5th millennium BC, but became renowned in the Persian period when it formed an integral part of the Royal Road. The key element in the area studied by the UGZAR project was the location of the crossing on the Zab. In my opinion, it was located south of the village of Çeme. The large site US 071, which lies on the west bank, and was inhabited continuously for almost 7,000 years, owed its existence to the vicinity of a ford facilitating travel west from the Zab Valley. Darius III crossed the Zab here on a bridge while marching to the battlefield at Gaugamela, and once more when fleeing to Erbil. Sources claim that he built it for that explicit purpose; certainly a permanent bridge existed there in the Early Middle Ages, at least until the 7th century. It is no coincidence that the new bridge built over the Zab in 2015 uses the same location.
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ASI and AASI
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Introduction “The Iraqi Atlas” is the working name of a two-volume publication by Salman. We never went into the field without it. Although overladen with equipment like aliens, we always carried a couple of pages in our pockets. These seemed almost nonchalant, as if the drawings and notes were made by hand – so different from today’s brilliant maps generated by modern software using satellite and spy images. Pages from the Atlas were our best allies during interviews. Filled with surprising, if often unclear content, they inspired us and our informers, refreshed memory, and facilitated understanding. They were our anchor in the Iraqi reality and the guide and compass for this project. We owe all this to the long-standing work of our Iraqi colleagues who began to create file cards for the archaeological sites located in Iraq in the mid-1930s. They used information obtained during excavations, surveys, and from local inhabitants. This activity lasted until the 1970s, and probably continued thereafter. Fortunately, the results of the decades-long research were published in 1970 under the name of the then Director-General of Antiquities of Iraq, Dr Isa Salman. The small volume, entitled Archaeological Sites in Iraq (ASI), contained a list of archaeological sites, architectural monuments, and caves recorded during the preceding 30 years. They were arranged geographically by provinces, districts, and municipalities (muhafazah, qazah, nahia). Descriptions of sites included the number of the file card, the name of the neighbouring village, and often also the settlement period. In 1976, this catalogue was supplemented by a second volume, Atlas of Archaeological Sites in Iraq (AASI), which contained maps showing the location of the sites. The publication of these books, presenting the rich cultural heritage of Iraq, was a leading activity in the field of archaeological heritage management and, as far as the editors are aware, the first such project in the Near East. Despite the obvious advantages, working with the Atlas was difficult. Although in the file cards or during interviews not only locations of the sites but also their local names were recorded, the identifications sometimes refer to villages which no longer exist. Moreover, the names are doubtful as they often show traces of Aramaic, Kurdish, Farsi, or Turkish languages and are not always correctly written in the standard Arabic alphabet. Besides, the maps published in the AASI look incorrect because each has a different scale. This is due to the fact that draughtsmen had to fit them to the format of the book, and scaled them depending on the place and the size of the area. However, if we look closely at these maps and georeference them, then we will see that they were a precise tool for their time, created on the basis of measurements, detailed topographical maps, and air photographs, and indeed, until recently, the most precise examples of such available in Mesopotamian archaeology! A final problem, however, is the fact that not all sites listed in the ASI appear on the maps in the AASI, and not all sites shown on the maps are mentioned in the ASI (perhaps having been recorded between 1970 and 1975?). This Iraqi publication is not well known because the language renders comprehension difficult. Having to decipher the handwritten Arabic characters on the maps is also dispiriting. However, when one makes an effort to understand it, it turns out to be handy and relevant. The maps and catalogue created by Iraqi archaeologists have accompanied us through the years, helping us to locate ancient sites and monuments,
and it is enough to master the 30 letters of the Arabic and Kurdish alphabet to gain an understanding! Without the Atlas, our work might have been less tiring, we might not have been stressed by the Kurdish names, but by not mentioning our ally we would deny the comradeship linking all of us who work to preserve the cultural heritage of the Near East. This is why we have made an attempt to present the possibilities of this tool – the Atlas. . Consequently, we combined 11 maps published in the AASI which encompass the area of the UGZAR project (Plates 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130). Each of these presents the richness of cultural heritage in the given qazah or nahia, and includes a list of sites. Every list begins with number 1; so, on our copy, the range of each map and the numbers of sites shown on it were marked in different colours. The combined map was then adjusted for print, i.e. scaled down and unified. It forced us to change the size of the markings indicating sites and villages which otherwise would have been illegible. The scaling and the disproportionate size of the site markings make it impossible to georeference the map due to the large margin of error. The combined map shows the distribution of sites from the AASI not only in the UGZAR region, but also in the areas investigated by other projects: LoNAP, EPAS, KAS, and Khalifan Archaeological Project. It gives thus an idea of the wider archaeological context of the finds, and displays the few areas where cultural heritage objects were catalogued but for some reason (lack of access?) not marked on the map. The maps are accompanied by tables. They consist of two main columns, and the colours of their headings refer to the colours of the respective plates. In the AASI and ASI volumes, data was organised according to administrative units. In the UGZAR volumes, the first column of the table contains the number of the site as shown on the map, and the second the identification of the site in the ASI catalogue. This cross-referencing was necessary because the lists in the ASI and AASI were never compatible. The present volume includes descriptions of 60 sites located in the Greater Zab Valley, 37 on the right bank of the river and the remaining 23 on the left. The identification of these sites with sites listed in the ASI and AASI is hindered by the fact that the latter does not contain a map of the right bank north of Kêle Bsmĩrān, whereupon US 107 – US 112 are located. Therefore, they do not appear either in the AASI or the ASI. The downriver part of the right bank is shown on Map 51, but no sites are marked there. Consequently, all 37 sites on the western bank are new identifications. The left bank of the river is covered by Map 7; it evidences six sites in this area, all of which were identified in the field. The remaining 17 sites documented on this bank are new discoveries. As in the former volumes, the identified sites are shown as red triangles on the map on p. 54, and listed on p. 55. Additionally, all the relevant rows in the table referring to map 7 on pages 60-61 are shaded in grey. The names of sites and villages are given in the original spelling of the Iraqi publications; thus, they should be treated as a copy of the source material. Many contain errors. Some of these errors result from the fact that Kurdish sounds were represented in Arabic script without the additional characters used nowadays for writing in Farsi and Kurdish. In some cases, an unintelligible name was obviously distorted. Comments on, corrections, and interpretations of names and errors in their notation will be discussed in a separate article in the first volume of the present publication.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
54
Map drawn by L. Maminajszwili (after AASI), described by X. Kolińska
Joint AASI maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
AASI and ASI
55
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
56
Identification of sites 0n map 7 of AASI
Map drawn by L. Maminajszwili (after AASI), described by X. Kolińska
0
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
10 km
AASI and ASI
57
Identification of sites from ASI and AASI with UGZAR sites COMPARISON FOR THE UGZAR AREA CORRESPONDENCE OF ASI AND AASI SITES FOR UGZAR AREA. AASI, MAP 7
ASI
رقم اوقع
اسم اوقع
- number
القرية
- name of site
- name of village
بردين قال قوره بك
بردين قوره بك
٢٢
كردى قالته
منداوه
٣٢
کرد شيغ رش
كوبال
کرد مامك
کرد مامك
٢ ٥ ٧
کردي مكردان
٣٣
اسم اوقع
- name and type of monument
(قالتوك (كرد قالته قوره بك
مكردان
االضبارة
- number of file
٤٨٧ ٤٨٩
(مكردان (خرابة
٤٨٩
(شيغ رش (کرد
٥٠٣
(قالته (كردى (مامك (کرد
٥٠٢ ٥٠٤
IDENTIFICATION OF ASI AND AASI SITES WITH UGZAR SITES. AASI, MAP 7
رقم اوقع - number
ASI
اسم اوقع
UGZAR
القرية
اسم اوقع
االضبارة ٤٨٧
US 166/S 235
٤٨٩
US 164/S 224
- name of site
- name of village
- name and type of monument
بردين قال قوره بك
بردين قوره بك
(قالتوك (كرد قالته قوره بك
٢٢
كردى قالته
منداوه
٣٢
کرد شيغ رش
كوبال
کرد مامك
کرد مامك
٢ ٥ ٧
٣٣
کردي مكردان
مكردان
(مكردان (خرابة (قالته (كردى
(شيغ رش (کرد (مامك (کرد
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
- number of file
Site publication number/field number
٤٨٩
US 163/S 037
٥٠٢
US 156/S 012
٥٠٣
US 155/S 011
٥٠٤
US 147/S 003
The Greater Zab Valley
58
Index of sites present on joint maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130 ASI
محافظة اربيل -قضاء اركز .صفحات ١٣-١١
االضبارة
اسم اوقع
AASI, MAP 1
خريطة - ١محافظة :اربيل ،ناحية :مركز القرية
اسم اوقع
رقم اوقع
- number of file
- name and type of monument
- name of village
- name of site
٤٧٤
افراز (خربة( زرد (كرد(
افراز
افراز
١
كرد زرد
خرابة كرده زه رد
٢
كور كوسك
خرابة كور كوسك
٣
شوزال
خربة شوزال
٤
قرادكه (كرد(
جزنيكان عرب
خرابة خزنيكان عرب
٥
قالموتكه
كرد قرادكه
قولي الن
٦
هافديان
قولي الن
٧
جزنيكان افندي
خرابة خزنيكان افندي
٨
كرد عرق
خربة كرده عرق
٩
كماره (خرابة(
سيدان
خرابة وسطه عرب
١٠
ديرزيان
خرابة كماره
١١
سيدان خرابة
شيدان
خرابة سيدان
١٢
آغوالن (كرد(
سيدان
خرابة قوچ
١٣
آغوالن
كرد آغوالن
١٤
٣٧٥
كلك سورناوا و خرابة قوجاغ
بوالق
كلك سورناوا
١٥
٣٧٥
كلك سورناوا و خرابة قوجاغ
بوالق
خرابة قوجاغ
١٦
خليل (خرابة(
آشوكان
خرابة قوچ
١٧
خرابة دراو
خرابة خليل
١٨
٣٣٢
مالجرك
بحركه
مالچرك
١٩
٣٤٦
خزنه تيه
داربند
خزنه تپه
٢٠
خرابة دراد
خرابة قادراغا
٢١
طويزاوه
امام طه
٢٢
كرده رشه زاب
تل كرده رشه
٢٣
٣٧٧
شوك (قبرستان(
كرده رشه زاب
كرد بلك
٢٤
شوك
تل قبرستان شوك
٢٥
٤٢٩
كلكان (خرابة( كونه نين
كلكان
خرابة كلكان
٢٦
االنه
تل شيخ قصري
٢٧
خرابة دراو
مقبرة درويش عبد الته
٢٨
خرابة دراو
خرابة كرده شير
٢٩
كقدا جوغان
كرد مسينا
٣٠
كرده شير
قلعة فوكاني
٣١
كرده شير
قلعة جوانيي
٣٢
بيرزين
خرابة بيرزين
٣٣
كردى جوتيار
كردي جوتيار
٣٤
٣٤٠ ٣٣٦ ٣٣٤ ٣٣٩ ٣٧٨ ٣٣٠ ٣٤ ٣٤٨ ٣٥٢ ٣٥٣ ٣٥٤ ٣٥٥ ٣٣٨
٣٣٧ ٣٤٤
٣٤٣ ٢٤٣ ٢٤١ ٢٤٢
٢٣١ ٧١١ ٣٤٥ ٢٣٦ ٣٥٦ ٣٥٧ ٣٣٥ ٢٣٢
كور كوسك (خرابة(
شوزال (كرد(
جزنيكان عرب (خرابة(
جزنيكان افندي (قبرستان( عرق (كرد(
وسطه عرب (خربة(
قوج (خرابة(
قوج (خرابة(
قادرآغا (كرد(
امام طه (خرابة( رشه (كرد( بلك (كرد(
درويش عبد الته (ممقبرة( شير (كرد(
مسينا (تل كرد( فوكاني (قلعة(
جوانيي (قلعة(
بيرزين (خرابة( جوتيار (كرد(
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
- number
AASI and ASI
59
Index of sites present on joint maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130 االضبارة
اسم اوقع
اسم اوقع
القرية
رقم اوقع
- number of file
- name and type of monument
- name of village
- name of site
٢٢٩ ٣٥٠
تلينتا او كرد مسينا
عين كاوه كركك
تلينتا خرابة كرك
٣٥ ٣٦
كزنه
تل كزنه
٣٧
قالد جوغان
تل الشيخ احمد
٣٨
كورك كبير
تل قراتكه
٣٩
شاويس
خرابة قبرستان شاويس
٤٠
طويزاوه
اورل برست
٤١
بير زين
خرابة پير كوت
٤٢
عين كوه
مارعوده
٤٣
قالتكه
خرابة قلعه كه
٤٤
كورهبان
خرابة السيد حسين
٤٥
جالوك كبير
خرابة جالوك
٤٦
مام چوغان
كرد جام چوغان
٤٨
كنزان اسماعيل
كرد خزنه
٤٩
بير رش
تل مموره
٥٠
عين كاوه
تل قصر
٥١
عين كاوه
كردى يلده
٥٢
رشكين
حلواچى
٥٣
كسزان اسماعيل
كرده حنان
٥٥
رشكين
تل رشكين
٥٦
ديره
ديره
٥٨
٢٣١ ٢٣٤ ٣٧٨ ٣٥١ ٤٣٠
كرك (خرابة( كزنه (تل(
الشيخ احم (تل( قرات كه (كرد (
شاويس (قبرستان(
اورل برست (خرابة(
٣٤١؟
پير كوالت (خرابة(
٢٤٤
قلعه كه (خرابة(
٢٢٨ ٢٢٥ ٢٢٠ ٤٢٨ ٤٢٦ ٣٧٩
كمارعودة (تل(
السيد حسين (تل( جالوك (خرابة(
مام چوغان (كرد(
خزنه (كرد(
كمحوره (تل(
٢٢٧
خزنه (مقبرة عين كاوه) (تل(
٢٤٠
حلواجى (كرد(
٢٣٠
يلده (كرد(
٤٢٧
حلواجى (كرد(
٢٣٧ ٢٢٣
رشكين (تل(
ديره (قلعة(
- number
٣٤٩
دمالعمر (قصر(
مالعمر
كلكان كرد
كانيكن
قصر (مالعمر( كرد كلكان
٦٠
٢٢٤
رالسيد احمد (تل(
ساتوره
خربة السيد احمد
٦٢
اربيل
كرد قالج آغا
٦٣
اربيل
كلك مشك
٦٤
تندورة
كرد ترموسك
٩٦
٢٢٦ ٢٧٩ ٢٨٢ ٢٨٤ ٣٣٣
حاجي لر (تل(
توراق
قالج آغا (تل(
كلك مشك (كرد(
ترموسك (كرد(
حاچيلر
ASI
محافظة اربيل -قضاء شقالوة ،ناحية اركز .صفحات ٢٠- ٢١ القرية اسم اوقع االضبارة
خريطة - ٢محافظة :أربيل ،قضاء :شقالوة اسم اوقع
- number of file
- name and type of monument
- name of village
٤٠٨
با (كرده(
سورسوره
كرده پا
باسرم
كردي ديروك
موتراوه
كرده شون
آلي سيدك
كردي موتكا
آلي سيدك
كردى النكا
٤١٠ ٤٠٧ ٤٠٦ ٤٠٥
شون (كرده(
موتكا (كردى( النكا (كردى(
٦١
AASI, MAP 2
- name of site
مار نيخا (خرابة(
٥٩
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
رقم اوقع - number
١ ٢ ٣ ٤ ٥
The Greater Zab Valley
60
Index of sites present on joint maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130 االضبارة
اسم اوقع
- number of file
- name and type of monument
٤٠٤
خرا بة (كرده(
٤٠٣ ٤١٩
- name of village
- name of site
آلي سيدك (؟(
خر بة كليسة
شاويسيان قصروك
کرد خرابه قصروك
٧ ٨
خه طى
کردى كانى كرك
٩
مامه جلكه كروان مير محملي شه قالوه آشكه
خرابة كاوالن كونه قيچ كورديوان كونه آشكه ره كردي خمخان
١٠ ١١ ١٢ ۱۳ ١٤
بالوكاوه (كرد(
شقالوة
قالته سور
١٥
بالوكاوه
بيروان (خربة(
توتمه
کرد بالوكاوه خربتازينه خربتازينه خرابة بيروان
١٦ ١٧ ١٨ ١٩
شقالوة
كهف حسن البصري
٢٠
شقالوة
قلعة كاوالن
٢١
شقالوة
دار مار حنان
٢٢
شقالوة
قلعة ميره سن
٢٣
شقالوة
كردي زيوره
٢٤
شقالوة
قال قشمشوني
٢٥
شقالوة
كهف كونابيسك
٢٦
شقالوة اوان
اشكفت حصار راش ويش
٢٧ ٢٨
آلي سيدك
خربة مارنيخا
٢٩
كوره بير ر ش
كردي باويان ترجينه
كردي ماوه ان
ماوه لو
٣٠ ٣١
٣٢
شقالوة
كهف سورحمان
٣٣
مهجوره
خرابة حاجى مالك
٣٤
بيروز ماوه لو كلياوه بانه مان قال شيخ سفلى
خربة كوته خربة كاني بالنه منارة زندان وتل كله جني خرابه خرابة شهر ست
٣٥ ٣٦ ٣٧ ٣٨ ٣٩
كراو
خرابة برنقشينه
كراو
خرابه كراو
٤٠ ٤١
بيلنكه
کرد بانش كان
٤٢
هيدان
کرد باپير
٤۳
قصروك (كردى(
كانى كرك (كردى(
٤٠٢ ٤۰۱ ٢٥٥ ٢٤٩
كاوالن (خرابة( كونه قيچ كورديوان كونه آشكه ره
٢٥٧
سور (قالتة سور) (قالته(
٢٦٠ ٤٢٢
٤٢٠ ٢٤٦ ٢٥٦ ٢٥٣ ٢٥٤ ٢٥٨ ٢٥٢ ٢٤٨ ٢٤٦ ٢٦١ ٤٠٩ ٢٥٩ ٢٦٥
٤٩٨
٢٤٧ ٣٩٧ ٤٢٥ ٢٦٣ ٢٧٠ ٢٦٦ ٤١٣
القرية
اسم اوقع
رقم اوقع
خمخان (تلول كردى(
حسن البصري (كهف(
كاوالن (قلعة( مار حنان (دار(
ميره سن (قلعة( االميرحسن (قلعة( زيوره (كردى(
قشمشوني (قال(
حسن البصري (كهف(
حصار (اشكفت( راش ويش (تل( ديروك (كردي(
باويان (كردى( ترجينه ماوه ان (كرد(
سورحمان (يوسف رحمان) كهف حاجى مالك (خرابة(
كوته (خربة( كاني قالته
زندان (مفارة( خرابة شهر ست (خرا بة(
٤١٨ ٤١٧
برنقشينه (خرا بة( مامور (خرا بة(
٣٩٩ ٤٠٠
بانش كان (كرد( باپير (كرد(
الوان
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
- number
٦
AASI and ASI
61
Index of sites present on joint maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130 االضبارة
اسم اوقع
اسم اوقع
القرية
- number of file
- name and type of monument
- name of village
- name of site
٤١٦
قالتوك (كرد(
كراو
كرد قالتوك
زيارة كبير
خرابة شهربازار
٤١٤
شهربازار (خرا بة(
خرابة هودر
ASI
محافظة اربيل -قضاء راوندوز -ناحية برادوست .صفحة ١٨ القرية اسم اوقع االضبارة - number of file
٧١٢
- name and type of monument
مجيسير (قرية(
٤٤ ٤٥ ٤٦
خريطة - ٥محافظة :اربيل ،ناحية :مركز رقم اوقع اسم اوقع - name of site
- name of village
- number
موقع مجيس
محافظة اربيل -قضاء راوندوز -ناحية اركز .صفحة ١٦
االضبارة
- number
AASI, MAP 5
ASI
اسم اوقع
رقم اوقع
٥ AASI, MAP 6
خريطة - ٦محافظة :اربيل ،مركز قضاء :راوندوز القرية
اسم اوقع
رقم اوقع
- number of file
- name and type of monument
- name of village
- name of site
٧٠٥
كاوله قالت
شيستنه
كاواة قالت
١
٧٠٣
جفركان قديم
جفركان
جفركان قديم
٢
٧٠٢
خالن (اشكوت(
خالن
شكوت خالن
٣
كهف بيستون
٤
٦٩٥
برده بان (قالت(
هافديان
قالت برده بان
٥
٦٨٦
ربيه (كرد(
ديانا
كهف ديانا
٦
٦٨١
هافديان (اشكوت(
هافديان
كهف مامديان
٧
٦٩٣
دبوره (كرد(
هافديان
كرد دبوره
٨
٦٩٥
برده بان (قالت(
هافديان
قالت برده بان
٩
٦٨٣
دشت (كرد (
بالكيان
كرد دشت
١٠
٦٨٤
مال باين (كرد(
ديرزيان
كرد مال ياين
١١
٦٨٤
الكوتان (كرد(
غفور آوه
كرد الكوتان
١٢
٦٨٦
ربيه (كرد(
ديانا
كرد ربيتة
١٣
كرد بيناهلك
١٤
كهف كوسباي سبي
١٥
٦٨٧
بانه مير (قال(
جومرخين
قال باته مير
١٦
٦٩٤
بانه باو (قلعة(
جومرخين
قال باته باو
١٧
٦٩٢
جنير اوا (اشكوت(
جنير اوا
اشكوت چنير آوا
١٨
٦٩١
پيرداسر (اشكفت(
خانديان
اشكوفت پيرداسر
١٩
٧٠٧
كلي خرند (اشكوت(
االنه
اشكوت كلي خرند
٢٠
٧٠٨
رزا (كرد(
كاني قور
كرد رزا
٢١
٧٠٩
بيشوران (خرابة (
كاني قرر
خرابة بيشوران
٢٢
٧٠١
جويارشك (كرد(
جوله ميرك
كرد چويارشك
٢٣
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
- number
The Greater Zab Valley
62
Index of sites present on joint maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130 االضبارة
اسم اوقع
اسم اوقع
القرية
رقم اوقع
- number of file
- name and type of monument
- name of village
- name of site
٧٠٠
شركان (كرد(
شركان
كرد شركان
٢٤
٦٩٦
زيخي سوسنان (كرد(
بله جيرى
كرد زيخي سوسنان
٢٥
٦٩٩
زوي يوسف
بله جيرى
زوي يوسف
٢٦
٧٠٦
كونه نين
االنه
كونه نين
٢٧
٦٩٧
كاوله و قالبيونه زنكوبات (كرد(
باناوى
كاوله و قالبيونه
٢٨
كروا
كرد زنكوباط
٢٩
كروا (اشكوت (
كروا
اشكوت كردة
٣٠
كروا
كرد توشره
٣١
٦٨٩
٦٩٠ ٦٨٨
توشرا (كرد(
ASI
محافظة اربيل -قضاء شقالوة -ناحية حرير .صفحات ٢٢ - ٢٣
االضبارة
اسم اوقع
القرية
AASI, MAP 7
خريطة - ٧محافظة :أربيل ،قضاء :شقالوة، ناحية :حرير رقم اوقع اسم اوقع
- number of file
- name and type of monument
- name of village
٤٨٧
قالتوك (كرد(
بردين
٤٩١
شمسه خر (كردى( قالته قوره بك
هرش
كردي قالته
٤٨٩ ٤٩٠ ٤٨٩ ٣٨٣ ٢٧
آشي الكبير (خرابة(
مكردان (خرابة(
آشي الكبير (موقع( آشي الكبير (تل( آشي الكبير (تل(
٤٩٤ ٣٨٣
باتاس (موقع(
٤٠٧
شون (كرده(
٤٨٤ ٤٩٣ ٤٠٨ ٤١٠ ٤١١
خانزاد و كهف خانزاد (خرا ﺌب( قاسمين (كرد( با(كرده(
مار نيخا(خرابة(
- name of site
- number
کرد قرن کرك
١
بردين خر بة كابن
٢ ٣ ٤
قوره بك
خر بة زوي بركنده
قال قوره بك
٦
مكردان
کردي مكردان
٧
مركز الناحية
موقع باتاس
٨
باتاس
كردي تلى
٩
حرير
تل خشو
١٠
مركز الناحية
موقع فيروز
١١
خرواتن
كهف وخرابة خانزاد
١٢
موتراوه
كرده شون
۱۳
قاسمين
کرد قاسمي
١٤
سورسوره
کرد پا
١٥
كردي ديروك
١٦
فقيان
باسرم
كليه (خرابة(
- number
٥
باسروم
قالكبور (كرد(
كبور
کرد قال كبور
٥١٧
دوين (قلعة صالح الدين( االيوبي (قلعة(
دوين
دوين قلعه/قلعه صالح الدين
١٨
٥١٦
ديره بروش
ينكا/پنكان قالتةجن
ديره بروش خر بة قالتةجن
١٩
زركويس
خرا بة زركويس
٢٠ ٢١
منداوه
كردى قالته
٢٢
٤٩٢
٥١٥ ٥١٤ ٥٠٢
قالتةجن (خرا بة(
زركويس (خرا بة( قالته (كردى(
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
١٧
AASI and ASI
63
Index of sites present on joint maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130 االضبارة
- number of file
٤٠٩ ٤٠٦
اسم اوقع
- name and type of monument
ديروك (كردي(
موتكا (كردى(
القرية
اسم اوقع
رقم اوقع - number
- name of village
- name of site
آلي سيدك آلي سيدك
باسرم كردي موتكا
٢٤
مير ڕ ٚوسته مه
خر بة كليسه
٢٥
ديره
كرد ابراهيم كوبة اشكه ره
قلعه ديرى
٢٧
رشوان
قلعه رشوان
٢٩
خر بة شيغ اوسو
٣٠
٢٣
٤٩٦ ٢٤٩
ابراهيم (كرد( كونه آشكه ره
٤٧٨
رشوان (قلعه( شيغ اوسو
خلوان
العقيق (خر بة قرية)/العتيق
خلوان
خر بة قرية العتيق
كوبال
کرد شيغ رش
کرد مامك شه قالو ه
کرد مامك کرد ديوان
٣٤
شقالوة
قالته سور
٣٥
اوان
كردي خمخان
٣٦
اوان
راش ويش
٣٧
كوره
كردي باويان
٣٨
زندان (مفارة) ٢٧٠,٢٦٩ خرابة
كردي ماوه ان ماوه لو
ماوه لو خربة كاني بالنه
٣٩
كلياوه
منارة زندان وتل كله جني
٤١
بانه مان
خرابه
٤٢
خجود (كرد(
٤٨٥ ٤٧٧
٤٧٧
٥٠٣ ٥٠٤ ٢٥٥ ٢٥٧ ٢٦٠
ديره (قلعه(
شيغ رش (کرد( مامك (کرد( كورديوان
سور (قالتة سور) (قالته( خمخان (تلول كردى(
٢٦١
راش ويش (تل(
٤٩٨
ماوه ان (كرد( كاني قالته
٢٥٩ ٢٦٣ ٢٧٠ ٢٦٦ ٥٠٩ ٥١٠ ٤٩٩ ٥٠٠ ٥٠٥
باويان (كردى(
٢٨
٣١
٣٢ ٣٣
٤٠
مزروكان (كرد(
بربيان ديره
خرا بة سوكاني كرد خجور
٤٣ ٤٤
بربيان ديره
كرد موروكان
٤٥
سروكاني (خرابة(
قولي الن
٤٦
قالتوكه (كرد(
دربنه سيد (خرابة(
٥١١
بليتان (خرابة(
٥٠٦
كوكان (كرد(
٥٠٨
ماواران
٢٦
اشه جمك (خرابة(
سروكاني
خرابة سروكاني
٤٧
هرشم
خرابة ديرة
٤٨
دربند سيد
خرابة دربند سيد
٤٩
بليتان
بليتان
٥٠
دربند سيد
كرد ترموسك كرد كركان
٥١ ٥٢
قره قاجن
خرابة قرة قاجن
٥۳
گردى ماوان
؟٥٤
كيال سپى/زه روان
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
٥٥
The Greater Zab Valley
64
Index of sites present on joint maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130 ASI
محافظة اربيل -قضاء اركز .صفحة ٢٤
االضبارة
اسم اوقع
AASI, MAP 9
خريطة - ٩محافظة :أربيل ،ناحية :مركز اسم اوقع
القرية
رقم اوقع
- number of file
- name and type of monument
- name of village
- name of site
٥٢٤
٥٣٢
خرابكا
قلعة (كرد(
اشكفت سقا
ونكة
خرابكا
كرد قلعة
٣
٥٢٥؟
كان سبى
اشكفت سقا
باقلين
٤
اليان
خربة آليان
٥
٥٤١
اليان (آريان(
ASI
محافظة نينيوى -قضاء الشيخان -ناحية مزوري .صفحات ٢٨٧-٢٨٦ القرية اسم اوقع االضبارة
- number
٢
AASI, MAP 47
خريطة - ٤٧محافظة :دهوك ،ناحية :ازور اسم اوقع
- name of site
- number of file
- name and type of monument
- name of village
١٤٥٩
جم ناوسك و كهوف بربن
خوريني
كهوف بربن
١٤٥٨
كلي قيامة (كهف(
نصره
كهوف كلي قيامه
١٤٥٧
كلي قيام (كهوف(
دحله نوي
كهوف دحله نوي
كلي كفن (كهف(،
دهكان
خربة كلي كفن خربة كلي هناره اشكفت مامندي
رقم اوقع - number
١، ٢، ٣، ٤،٥ ٩، ١٠، ١١، ١٢ ١٣، ١٤، ١٥ ٢٣
١٤٤٦
موق الشمس كلي هناره (اشكفت(
كلي نوى
١٤٤٩
اآرماش (كهوف(
اآرماش
كهوف ارماش
١٤٤٧
مروره (كهف(
ناوسكي (كهف(
آزخ
كهف مروره
آزخ
١٤٤٥
- ٦الحوض الحجرى قرب
١٤٤٥
- ٣سريح
مير سيده
كهف ناوسكي دير ماركوركيس موضع الحوض الحجري
٣١ ٣٣ ٣٤
مير سيده
كهف سريح
٣٥
١٤٤٥
- ٤دودر
١٤٤٥
- ٢دودر
مير سيده
خربة القلعة كهف دوكان
٣٦ ٣٧
مير سيده
كهف دودر
٣٨
١٤٥٦
١٤٤٨
١٤٤٥
- ٥دركه
٢٤ ٢٥ ٢٧، ٢٨، ٢٩ ٣٠
١٤٤٥
- ١رش
مير سيده
كهف دركه
٣٩
مير سيده
كهف رش
٤٠
١٤٧٥
- ٣سردقني
١٤٧٥
- ٢الكهفان النحوتان شيقاية او كهوف شيخ خالد (اشكفت( - ١صالحوك (كهف( - ١ناوسك باصفرا
ببرة
كهف سردقني
٤١
ببرة
كهفان منحوته
٤٢، ٤٣
بربر عليا ببرة
كهف صالحوك
٤٤
باصفرا
خربة باصفرة
٤٥
ببرة ؟
اشكفت كاني جنار
٤٦
تله
دير بشموني
٤٧
تله
كرد تله
٤٨
١٤٧٥ ١٤٤٢ ١٤٣٦ ١٤٣٥ ١٤٣٤
كاني جنار (اشكفت(
بشموني (خربة ديرف( تله (كرد(
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
AASI and ASI
65
Index of sites present on joint maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130 االضبارة
اسم اوقع
القرية
- number of file
- name and type of monument
- name of village
اسم اوقع
- name of site
كهف منحوتة
رقم اوقع - number
٤٩
١٤٤٢
- ٢مسلة كانيا
باصفرا
مسلة كانية
٥٠
١٤٤٢
- ٣خربة كانياة
باصفرا
خربة كانية
٥١
خوريت كبير
كهف يونس حنا
٥٢
سركاف
اشكفت كوني
٥٣
سركاف
كهفا سركاف
٥٤، ٥٥
آفرانيه
كرد چم آقرانيه
٥٦
كافر (اشكفت(
باسكه دير
خربة دير باسكه دير
٥٧
ببرة
اشكفت كافر
٥٨
موقع الشمس
دهكان
موقع الشمس
ملكوشان (كبرستان( ناوسكەه زيوه
خربة كلي كڤن
٥٩ ٦٠
ملكوشان
قبر ستان ملكوشان
٦١
ختاره
كوبه قاله (كرد(
ملكوشان ملكوشان
كهف ناوسكه زيوه
ملكوشان كهف كلي زيتون
٦٢
ملكوشان
كرد كوبه قاله
٦٦
بريفكه
خربة بريفكه
٦٧
١٤٥١ ١٤٤١ ١٤٤١ ١٤٥٠ ١٤٥٢ ١٤٧٩ ١٤٤٦
١٤٤٦ ١٤٣٧
١٤٥٣
١٤٤٠؟ ١٤٣٩ ١٤٣٨ ١٤٦٦
يونس حنا (كهف(
- ١كوفي (اشكفت)ت
- ٢كوفي (كهفا)ت
چم آفرانيه (كرد(
الدير (خربة(
كلي كفن (خربة(
الدير (خربة( كلي زيتون (كهفا( بريفكه (خربة(
دهكان
ASI
محافظة نينوى -قضاء عقرة -ناحية العشاٺرالسبعة .صفحات ٢٩٠ - ٢٩١
االضبارة
- number of file
١٣٢٩ ١٣٣١ ١٣٠٠ ١٣٠١ ١٣٠١ ١٣٠١ ١٢٩٧ ١٣٣٠ ١٣٠٨ ١٣٠٣ ١٣٠٤ ١٣١٢ ١٣١٣ ١٣٠٣ ١٣٢٨
اسم اوقع
- name and type of monument
كوران (کرد(
كنكرد (خراب( روڤيا (کرد(
سي كرك (خرابة( سي كرك (خرابة( سي كرك (خرابة(
جوجر كبير (کرد( آسنكران (كرد(
جيا ممن (خرابه( ديناران (خرابه(
ديناران (قبرستان( الحسينية (خربه( شركينة (خربه( بامرزة (كرد(
بيربوب (خربه(
القرية
٦٣ ٦٤، ٦٥
AASI, MAP 51
خريطة - ٥١محافظة :دهوك ،قضاء :عقره ،ناحية: العشاٺر السبعة رقم اوقع اسم اوقع
- name of village
- name of site
حمه
كرد كوران
١
كلوك
خرابة كنكرد
٢
روڤيا
کرد فيا
٣
سي كرك
خربة سي كرك
٤
سي كرك
خربة سي كرك
٥
سي كرك
خربة سي كرك
٦
جوجر كبير
کرد جوجر كبير
٧
اسنكران
٨
بير جاويش
خرابة چيا محن
٩
ديناران
کرد ديناران
١٠
ديناران
کرد ستان ديناران
١١
الحسينية
خرابة الحسينه
١٢
الحسينية
خرابة شركينه
١٣
بامرزة
کرد بمرزه
١٤
بهراوة
پيربوب
١٥
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
- number
The Greater Zab Valley
66
Index of sites present on joint maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130 االضبارة
- number of file
١٣٠٦ ١٣٢٤ ١٣٠٩ ١٢٧٥ ١٢٧٦ ١٢٧٧ ١٢٨٢ ١٣٢٢ ١٣٣٣ ١٢٩٥ ١٣٠٩ ١٣٠٧ ١٢٧٢ ١٣٢٥ ١٢٩٢ ١٢٨١ ١٢٩٢ ١٢٩٨ ١٢٨٠ ١٢٧٨ ١٢٨٦ ١٢٨٣ ١٣٣٢ ١٣١٨ ١٣١٨ ١٣١٧ ١٢١٩ ١٢٧٩ ١٢٨٥ ١٢٨٤ ١٢٩٠ ١٤٤١ ١٣٢٠ ١٢٩ ١٣٢٣ ١٣٢٣ ١٢٨٧ ١٢٨٨
اسم اوقع
- name and type of monument
عبارش (خربه( قالرش (كرد( واش (خرابه(
كوره (خرابة(
محمد حسن (خرابة( شميالن (خرابة( عيسى (خرابة(
حاجي (خرابة( يم (كرد(
كاني اسبهان (خربه( ولي (خرابه(
دوليجان كبير(كرد( كريكة (كرد(
طوبزآوه (كرد( واش (خرابه(
محمدحسن (خرابة( سي جيا (خربه( ماموزين (كرد( آومر (خرابة(
ياصان (قبرست( جياماش (خرابة( بدو أو کرد محمد مولود صالي بكي (کرد( برستان و شيغ محمد (خربة( برستان و شيغ محمد (خربة( بانجبرك (خرابه( شيك (خربة( جياسكان (خرابة( عفيفة اورقو (خرابة( جبو (خرابة( سليمان جيية (خربة( عيشان (خرابة( حسن ميكاتيل (خرابة( كورا (کردى( كبهراوة (تال( كبهراوة (تال( آش الصغير (خرابة( آشي الكبير (خرابة(
القرية
اسم اوقع
رقم اوقع - number
- name of village
- name of site
دوليجان صعير
کرد عبارش
١٦
كاني اسبهان
کرد قالرش
١٧
اسماوة
خرابة واش
١٨
دربستان كبير
خرابة كوره
١٩
دربستان كبير
خرابة محمد حسن
٢٠
دربستان كبير
خرابة شميالن
٢١
كريدو
خرابة عيس
٢٢
دوستك
خرابة حاجي
٢٣
كرديم
كرد يم
٢٥
كاني اسبهان كبير
خرابة كاني اسبهان
٢٦
بير جاويش
خرابة ولي
٢٧
ديناران
کرد دوليجان كبير
٢٨
كريكه
کرد كريكه
٢٩
طوبزآوه صعير
طوبزاوه
٣٠
اسماوة كبير
محمدحسن (خرابة(
خربة حسن بك
٣١
تاوزل
٣٢
سماوة كبير
خربة سي چيا
٣٣
ماموزين
كرد ماموزين
٣٤
ياصان
خرابة اوقر
٣٥
طويزاوة طويزاوة صالي بكي صالي بكي زنكنان زنكنان ياك زنكنان بلصنان طويزاوة كريدو (بدو( دوكندان دوكندان كبير زنكنان حمه
قبرستن ياصان خرابة جياماش کرد بدو صاكي بكي خربة قبرستان خربة شيغ محمد خربة بانجبرك خربة شيك خرابة جيا سكان خرابة عفيفة خرابة جبو خربة سايمل جيه خرابة عيشان خربة حسن ميكاتيل کرد جمة كورا
٣٦ ٣٧ ٣٨
بهراوة بهراوة داره تو داره تو
بل بهراوه بل بهراوه خرابة آشي صغير خرابة آشي كبير
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
٣٩
٤٠ ٤١
٤٢ ٤٣ ٤٤ ٤٥ ٤٦ ٤٧ ٤٨ ٤٩ ٥٥ ٥٦ ٥٧ ٥٨ ٥٩
AASI and ASI
67
Index of sites present on joint maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130 االضبارة
- number of file
١٢٩١ ١٣١١ ١٣٠٥ ١٢٧٠ ١٣٢١ ١٣٢١ ١٢٧٣ ١٢٧٣ ١٢٧٤ ١٢٦٩ ١٢٦٨ ١٢٧١
اسم اوقع
- name and type of monument
يونس (خرابة( زمزموك (خرابه( حصار (خرابه( شمسه خر (كرد( خزنه تبه و تبه رش خزنه تبه و تبه رش برامبرى كند و السولي (خربه( برامبرى كند و السولي (خربه( دوسرة (قبرستان( شيغ مو سى (كرد( کرده بان كلوك (خربه(
اسم اوقع
القرية
- name of village
- name of site
دوكندان صغير رمزموك كاني الن
خرابة يونس خرابة زمزموك خربة حصار
٦٠ ٦١ ٦٢
شمسه خر دوسرة دوسرة دوسرة دوسرة دوليجان كبير
کرد شمسه خر خرابة تپه تپه رش خرالسولي خرابة براقبري كند قبرستان دوسره
کرده بان كبير کرده بان كلوك
کرد شيغ مو سى خرابة کرده پان خرابة كلوك
٦٣ ٦٤ ٦٥ ٦٦ ٦٧ ٦٨ ٦٩
ASI
محافظة نينيوى -قضاء عقرة -ناحية نهلة .صفحة ٢٩٢
االضبارة
اسم اوقع
رقم اوقع
القرية
- number of file
- name and type of monument
- name of village
١٦٢٩
صاليه و قلعتا هوكي (كهوف(
هوكي
- number
٧٠ ٧١ AASI, MAP 52
خريطة - ٥٢محافظة :دهوك ،قضاء :عقرة ناحية :نهلة رقم اوقع اسم اوقع - name of site
- number
اشكفت هوكي
٣
قلعة هوكي
٤
بازي كلي (خراٸب(
بازي طلي
٦
١٦٢٦
هرن (كنيسه(
خرانب ( بازي كلي( خربي قلنك
هرن
كنسة هرن
٧
١٦٣٢
كن هفيارد و كهف قرية زمن كوري (اشكفت(
كورتكا
اشكفت هفيار و كهوف قرية زمن
٨
شهي
اشكفت كوري
٩
بروكي و اشكفت كني ايشت
آرتون
كهف بروكي
١٠
بامشمش
كهوف قرية بامشمش
١١
بيره كبره
اشكفت رش
١٢
زوره كوان
سركفر
١٣
زوره كوان
كهوف كلي زوره كوات
١٤
صوفتي
اشكفت كلي صوفتي
١٥
وادي آوي لوكا
اشكفت آوي لوكا
١٦
بني موات
اشكفت جمك
١٧
صوحيه
اشكفت صنم مان
١٨
خانه كه
اشكفت خانه كه
١٩
دوفري
كنائس و كهوف دوخري
٢٠
ساكه
اشكفت و خربة طور
٢١
ابو مره
اشكفت هندان ماله
٢٢
١٦٢٧
١٦٣١ ١٦٣٤ ١٦٣٣ ١٦٢٥ ١٦١٧ ١٦١٩ ١٦٤٦ ١٦٢٣ ١٦٣٧ ١٦٤٥ ١٦٣٥ ٩٣٩ ١٦١٨ ١٦٢٠
بامشمش (كنيسه( رش (اشكفت( سركفر
كلي زوره كوان (كهوف( كلي صوفتي آوي لوكا (اشكفت( جمك (اشكفت(
صنم مان (اشكفت( خانه كه (اشكفتات(
دوفري (خراٸب كناٸس( طور (اشكفت و خربه(
سري هندان ماله (اشكفت(
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
٥
The Greater Zab Valley
68
Index of sites present on joint maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130 االضبارة
اسم اوقع
اسم اوقع
القرية
رقم اوقع
- number of file
- name and type of monument
- name of village
- name of site
١٦٢٠
زيوه (اشكفت( بيرس دينارته
زيوه
اشكفت زيوه
٢٣
جبل بيرس
اشكفت كلي بيرس دينارته
٢٤
كربيش
كربيش
٢٥
كربيش
كفه اشكفت و اشكفته كلي حسنو
٢٦
كربيش
اشكفته كلي ميزرك
٢٧
دينارته
اشكفت دينارته
٢٨
١٦٢٢ ١٦٤١ ١٦٤٠ ١٦٣٦ ١٦٤٣
كربيش (اشكفت( كفه اشكفت و اشكفته كلي صنوك دينارته (اشكفتات( -١بانه رش
-٢دانزده بار -٣سري كر
١٦٤٢
دينارته
دينارته
١٦٤٤
آماد (اشكفتات(
آماد
اشكفت آماد ASI
محافظة نينوى -قضاء الشيخان -ناحية اركز .صفحات ٢٨٠-٢٨١
االضبارة
- number of file
اسم اوقع
٢٩ AASI, MAP 128
خريطة -١٢٨محافظة :نينوى قضاء :الشيخان اركز اسم اوقع
رقم اوقع
هندوان ( كهف اشكفت(
- name of village
- name of site
اشكفت هندوان
اشكفت هندوان
١
٦٧٥
نافسكه و اشكفت كلي جميده
كلي جميده
كهف ناڨكة
٢
٦١٤
كر عجو
اشكفتان
كرى عجو
٤
شكفتيات
خربة رسول
٥
ديير ين (دير(
موسيكان
موسيكا
٦
ديرين
دير ديين
٧
جسر جروانه
٨
٦١٦
كركي خزينة
بيراسك
كركوخ
٩
٦١٥
آفيا (تل(
بيراسيك
٦٢٤
كركي بارا
٦٧٣
٥٩٦ ٦٤٩ ٦٦٩
- name and type of monument
القرية
- number
رسول (خرابة(
موسيكان (تل(
- number
كرك غريبه او (عربة) عين سفني
١٠
تل كربالص
١١
كركى أفيا
١٢
كركنيشك
١٣
كري مبارك
١٥
كنداله
كركى پارو
١٦
دوشيفان
كركش
١٧
دوشيفان
كركى نيسكا
١٨
دوشيفان
كركيره الحان
١٩
امام طه (خرابة (
بيتنار
تل عبروص
٢١
بيتنار
كرچان
٢٢
٦٥٨
كركبر
مهد
كركبر
٢٣
٦٥٥
دوله وادى هجر
محمودان
دولة هجر
٢٤
٦٠٩ ٦١١ ٦١٠ ٦٥٦ ٦٥٧
كركيش (تل(
كركى نيسكا (تل( كركير (تل(
عبروص (تل(
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
AASI and ASI
69
Index of sites present on joint maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130 االضبارة
اسم الوقع
القرية
اسم الوقع
رقم الوقع
number of file
- name and type of monument
- name of village
- name of site
٦٥٣
وادي دوداي
٦٢٤
كركي بيرا
محمودان
دوداري
٢٥
كنداله
كركي پيرا
٢٦
مقبل
خرخروك
٢٧
محمودان
دلسان
٢٨
مقبل
كرمريا
٢٩
سي كرك
تل سى كرك
٣٠
زيناوة عتيفه
شيخ مولد
٣١
شيخ معروف (تل(
زيناوه ميرى
تل زيناوه ميري
٣٢
جرا
شيخ معروف
٣٣
٦٦٧
حاجي سليمان (تل(
تل خزنه
٣٤
جرا
حاجي سليمان
٣٥
٦٤٩
موسى كان (تل(
خربة دار توخازر
٣٦
موسى كان
موسى كان
٣٧
٦٥٠
كركى جاله
موسى كان
كركى جاله
٣٨
موسى كان
تل سيف الدين
٣٩
خاتوناوه (تل(
موسى كان
تل سوسن
٤٠
خاتوناوه
تل خاتون امره
٤١
٦٢٦
كرى موسى
خاتوناوه
كرى موسى
٤٢
خربة كيسكان
٤٦
٦١٨
كر خزنه او كورخزنه
طاق مكاٸيل
تل خربة طه
٤٧
كر خزنه او كورخزنه
طاق مكاٸيل
كر خزنه
٤٨
جومل
تل كومل
٥٢
درويشان
تل كوتل
٥٣
كلكجي
خربة بان
٥٤
كلكجي
تل شيخ ابراهيم
٥٦
عبداليه
خربة يوسف
٥٧
عبداليه
كره شيك
٥٨
عبداليه
خربة عجو
٥٩
عبداليه
يونس عبو
٦٠
درويشان
شيخ صالح
٦١
درويشان
محمد عبي
٦٢
درويشان
تل شيخ مراد
٦٣
درويشان
شيخ صالح
٦٤
كرمك
خربة كرمك
٦٥
جمه رش (تل(
كلشين
كرده كال
٦٦
جمه رش
تل جمه رش
٦٧
٦٣٠
كرنو كال
طاق رشو
كرنو كال
٦٨
٦٣١
بير العمية
طاق رشو
بير العمية
٦٩
٦٥٢ ٦٥٤ ٦٥٢ ٦٥٩ ٦٦١ ٦٦٠ ٦٦٨
٦٤٩ ٦٥١ ٦٢٧
٦١٨ ٦٦٢ ٦٤٧ ٦٦٣ ٦٦٥ ٦٤١ ٤٣٨ ٦٣٩؟ ٦٤٠ ٦٤٣ ٦٤٥ ٦٤٦ ٦٤٤ ٦٤٢ ٦٣٦ ٦٢٨
كرمريا و خرخروك (تلول( وادي دالسان كرمريا و خرخروك (تلول( سى كرك (تل(
شيخ مولد (تل(
زيناوه ميرى (تل(
سيف الدين (تل( سوسن (تل(
جومل (تل( كوتل (تل(
بان (خربة(
الشيخ ابراهيم (خربة(
يوسف (تل(
كره شيك (تل(
حمه (تل خربة(
يونس عبو (تل(
الشيخ صالح الغرني (تل(
محمد عبي (تل(
الشيخ مراد (تل(
الشيخ صالح الشرقي (تل( كرمك (خربة( كرده كال
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
- number
The Greater Zab Valley
70
Index of sites present on joint maps 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 47, 51, 52, 128, 130 االضبارة
اسم اوقع
اسم اوقع
القرية
- number of file
- name and type of monument
- name of village
- name of site
٦٣٢
الدير (طاق رشو) (تل(
طاق رشو
طاق رشو
٦٣٣
محمد الحاج اسماعيل (خربة(
رقم اوقع - number
٧٠
امام شمسان
٧١
برازي الكبير
محمد اسماعيل
٧٢
آسكي كاني ساردك
خان كمشان
٧٣
كويكان
شاه ويران
٧٤
٥٩٦
رحال (خربة(
كوداد ديرين
تل كوداد
٧٥
تل رحال
٧٦
٦٣٤
رقو (تل(
طاق حرب
٧٧
باباو (قلعة(
برازى كبير
تل قو
٧٨
كلشين
باباو
٧٩
٦٧٤
النش و بناية الدير (تل قرية(
كرد شيك
٨٠
النشي
خراٸب الش بناية الدير
٨٤ ٨٥
خنس
٨٦
٦٧٥
نافسكه و اشكفت كلي جديدة
كلى جميدة
اشكف كلى خديده
٨٧ ٨٨
كيروكاباچى
٨٩
٥٩٧ ٦١٩ ٥٩٨
٦٣٥
شكمشان (خان(
شاه ويران (تل( كوداد (تل(
كهف دير صليده
٩٠
كرخالبيار ASI
محافظة نينوى -قضاء اوصل -ناحية تلكيف .صفحات ٢٣٤ - ٢٣٦
االضبارة
اسم اوقع
القرية
AASI, MAP 130
خريطة - ١٣٠محافظة :نينوى ،قضاء :اوصل اسم اوقع
رقم اوقع
- number of file
- name and type of monument
- name of village
- name of site
١٨٣
يكمالة (خربة(
زيرة تالن (تل(
كانونة
خربة تكماله
٤١
كاٽونة
تل زيره تالن
٤٢
عطران (تل(
قره شه كهرير ؟ حاوى أصالن؟
١٨١
محافظة نينوى -قضاء اوصل -ناحية الحمدانية .صفحات ٢٤١ - ٢٣٧ ٤٥١ ٤٦١ ٤٠٢
كهرير (خربة( ماجد (خربة(
- number
خريطة - ١٣٠محافظة :نينوى ،قضاء :اوصل تل الصوان
٤٨
عمر خان
٤٩
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
THE GREATER ZAB VALLEY BREAKDOWN INTO REGIONS
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Us ۰١۸
Us ۰۲۳
KŪLKĀ BÇĨK
ﺷﻪ�ﺑﻪ�كŞABAK � �ﻰ ��
�
DOḺ-Ê DARBÊSTĀN -Ê
DOḺ-Ê
� ﻬﻧلﺎﻳرDOḺ-Ê ĨŪNĨS �ﻰ ﺌلﺎﻳر � � ��
Us ۰٥۲
�ه ﻬﻧﮕﻪ ﻬﻧﺎن
US ۰٥۹
ŞĨV-Ĩ ZNTĀ
36°29'
36°29'
US ١٥۳
36°27'
500 43°55'
43°54'
36°27'
43°59'
US ١٥۲
43°57'
US ١٥۰
43°56'
Us ١٥١ Us ١٥۳ Us ١٥۰ Us ١٥۲ Us ١٤۹ KVRSOR ��ﻛﭭ�ﺳ 300 GRD MĀMĀK ﮔ�� ﻣﺎﻣﺎك Us ١ ٤ ٤ 36°26' Us ١٤۸ Us ١٤٥ Us ١٤۷ DĀLARÊ Us ١٤٦
43°55'
43°43'
43°42'
Us ١١۹
Us ١ ۲ ۰
36°28'
-Ĩ
ﻣ��لﺎﻳرﻼن
0
N �ﻬﻧ LĀ XA ﺠﻴﺮ �� ﻣﺎم
MŪRĨLĀN
36°27'
Us ۰۷۳
45
�ﺧ
0
36°28'
0
35
Us ١١۸ Us ١ ١ ۷
ĀM M
36°27'
36°27'
36°27'
US ١٤۹
RIGHT BANK. SOUTHERN PART. BETWEEN US121 AND US143
�� �
�ﻰ ﮔﻮﻣ
��
���
36°26'
US ١٤٥
Us ۲۸٥
Us ۲۸٤
Us ١۲۲ Us ١۲۳
43°45'
36°23'
36°25'
36°26'
Us ۲۹۰ Us ۲۸۹
Us ۲۹۲
Us ۲۹١ Us ۲۹۳
SERKAŪR ŽŪRĨ
�� ﻣﺎﻣSOUTHERN ���� �� ﺳﻪ �ﻛﻪ LEFT لﺎﻳرﺎن BANK. PART.
36°26'
ZARŪĀŪ
��ه ��ا
MĀŪĀN
ﻣﺎ�ان
Us ۲۹٤
Us ۲۹٥
36°24'
36°24'
Us ۲۹٦
36°25'
BETWEEN US144 AND US156
36°24'
36°25'
Us ۲۹۷ Us ۲۹۸
DĀRAŞEKRĀN
ﻛ�ان
Us ۲۹۹ Us ۳۰۰
36°24'
36°24'
QAFAR
� ﻗﻪ ﻓﻪ
43°48'
40
0
Us ١۳۲ Us ١۳۳
36°25'
Us ١ ۲ ٤
ﺣﻤﭼﺮ�ﻦUs ١ ۲ ٥ Us ١۲٦ Us ١۲۷ Us ١۲۸ Us ١۲۹ Us ١۳۰ Us ١۳١
36°24'
43°44'
MĀMŪDĨĀN
ﻣﺎم ﺧﻪ ﻻن
RAŞŪĀN ŪSŪ
��ه�ﺷ�ان��ﺌ�ﺳ
Us ١ ۲ ١
ﺑلﺎﻳر�ك
43°42'
Us ۲۸٦ Us ۲۸۷ Us ۲۸۸
US ١٤٦
�� �اﻟﻪ
BĨŪK
502
43°41'
ﺧﺎﻟ�ان
36°26'
US ١٤۷
36°24'
36°23'
XĀLŪĀN
US ١٤۸
36°26'
36°25'
���ﮔﻰ��ﮔ��ه�ﭘﺎن
MĀM XALĀN
36°23'
36°23'
450
36°23'
36°23'
36°23'
36°22'
36°22'
36°21'
36°21'
DĀRBAND-Ĩ SAĨD-Ĩ X
43°57'
DO
���
D-Ĩ
AR
EZ
ŪM
G Ḻ-Ĩ
43°56'
ﺎﻬﻧﻰDOḺ-Ĩ GR ���ﭘDPĀN �ﮔﺮ-Ĩ �ﻰ ��
547
36°28'
ﺧﺎ��ك
� ��ﮔ�ﻣﻪ��ه����ﻬﻧ
43°40'
36°29'
Ĩ
36°28'
XĀRŪK
ZŪRG-Ĩ GRDAPĀN
43°38'
36°29'
R-
43°37'
36°30'
Us ١٥٤
ﻻ ﻬﻧﻲ
36°28'
ḤAMRĨN
43°37'
36°30'
CĨ
36°28'
Us ۰۸١ GŪME ZARD NŪÊ
36°23'
36°31'
ZN
36°28'
50
Us ۰۷۷ Us ۰۷٥ Us ۰٧٤ Us ۰٧۹ Us ٠۷٦ Us ۰۸۰ Us ۰۷۸ Us ۰۸۲
ﺌ �ﺳ��ﻣﻪ�ﻟلﺎﻳرﺎن
Us ١١٦
GŪME ZARD
ﮔ��ه ﭘﺎن
0
ŪSŪ MALĨĀN
Us ١٥٤
36°29'
40
Us ١٥٦
Us ١ ١ ٥
�ه �ه شZARK BARDAṞAŞ � �ك�ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﻰ �ه
GRDAPĀN
36°29'
ﺟ�ه
ﮔﻪ ��� �ه ﻻﻻن
36°30'
Us ۰۷۲
��ﮔﻬﻧ�ان�ﻣﻪ��ن 533
�� ﮔ�ﻣﻪ �ه
36°29'
ﻬﻧ��ه
GARÛ DALĀLĀN
�ﮔ�ﺑﺎ
�
ﺑﺧ�ا�ه
���ا�ه ﺗ
NÛA CṞA
Us ١٥٥
GOBĀḺ
US ۰٦١
DĀRATÛ
��ﮔﻬﻧ�ان ﺑﻤﭼلﺎﻳرك
ŞĀX-Ĩ
US ۰٦۰
US ۰٥۳
DŪGNDĀN BÇĨK
DŪGNDĀN MAZN
Us ١١۳
US ۰٥٤
Us ۰٥۰
ﻗﻠﻪ ﺗﻪ
Us ١١٤
US ۰٥۲
43°44'
ﻛﻪ �ﻬﻧﻪ ﺑﺎك
Us ۰٦٥
36°34'
36°32'
QALATA
ﻤﭼﻪ ﻣﻪ
450
450
�ﻠﻪ ﺑﺳﻣلﺎﻳر�ان ﻛ
�ﻠﻪ ﺷلﺎﻳر� ﺦ ﺑ�ن ﻛ
ÇEME
���ﻤﭼﻪ ﻣﻪ ﻛﻪ � ﺧ�ا
36°33'
KÊLE BSMĨRĀN
KÊLE ŞÊX BZN
Us ۰٥٦ Us ۰٥۸ Us ۰٦۹ Us۰٥٥ Us ۰٥۹ Us ۰٦٦ Us ۰ ٦ ۸ Us ۰٥٤ Us ۰۷۰ Us ۰٥۷ Us۰٦١ Us ۰۷١ Us ۰٥۳ KĀRBK Us ۰٦۰ Us ۰٦۷ RÛB ﻛﺎ�ﺑك ĀR-Ĩ KĀR ��ﺑﺎ���ﻛﺎ�ﺑكBK BXRĀŪA
ZANGANĀN 36°29'
ﺑﺎ�ه �ان ﺑﻤﭼلﺎﻳرك
��� � ﺳﻪ
ÇAMAKAĨ XŪĀRÛ
ﺳ��ﻛﺎن
�ﺦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷ Us ١١۲
BĀRAŪĀN BÇĨK
ﺑﺎﻬﻧلﺎﻳرﺎ�ﺷكÇAMAKA SARÛ
SŪRKĀN ŞÊX ̒ALĨ
450
-Ê
Us ٠٤۷
36°30'
350
�� � �ﻰ
ﺑﻪ
KAŪNABĀK
Us ٠٤٦
SAN
Us ٠٥١
Us ۰٤۹
ﭘ��ﻻ
Us ۰٤۸
Us
BĀNĨĀ HŞK
ﺳ�ﻛﭭ��ك
36°33'
36°32'
ﮔﺎ�ه
SRKVRŪK
0
��ﺑﻪ���ه�ﺳ
� �ﮔﺑلﺎﻳر
Us ١١١
36°34'
35 36°33'
36°32'
GBÊR
Us ١١۰
GĀŪA
Us ۰۹۸
�� � ﻗﻠﻌﻪ
BARDA SŪR
LA Ê PA
���ه�ﺷﺗﻰ�ﻬﻧﻪ�ﭬﻛ
550
Us ٠٦٣
KRÊ
� ��ﻛ
36°34'
RABNA
BARDAZĨŪ
DOḺ-
DAŞT-Ĩ NAVKŪR
0
�ﺑﻪ ��ه �لﺎﻳر
ﺳﺎﻬﻧ �ﻰ
� ﮔ�ﺑ�ه
Us ۰۳۸
400
Us ۰۹۷
�ه ﺑﻬﻧﻪ
Us ۰٦۲
ﺗ�ﺑ�ا�ه ﺑﻤﭼلﺎﻳرك
� �ﻰ �ه��ﺑلﺎﻳر� ﺳ ﺗﺎﻬﻧﻰ � ��
DOL-Ê ZL
���ﮔ�ﻬﻧﻪ�ﭘﺎك
�ﻰ �ل � ��
����ﺑﺎ
RÛBĀ R-Ĩ GŪ NAPĀ K
GRBDAŪ
ﭘﺎك
60
Us ۰٦٤
TŪBZĀŪE BÇĨK
ﺟ�ﻟلﺎﻳر� �ه
ﺳﭘلﺎﻳرﻣﺎل
Us ٠٤٥
Us ۰٤٤
Us ۰٤٣
PĀK 43°37'
�ه �ﺑلﺎﻳر� ﺳﺗﺎن ﺑﻤﭼلﺎﻳرك
SPĨMĀL
36°35'
43°57'
0
Us ۰۳۷ 36°32'
36°35'
CŪLÊRA
QAL‘AA DÊR
ﭘﻪ ﻻ ﺳﺎن
DARBÊSTĀN BÇĨK Us ۰٤۲
ZÊRĀV
36°34'
PALĀSĀN
Us ۰٤١
36°33'
Us ۰۳٦
ﻰ900
36°34'
ﺗ�ﺑ�ا�ه ﻣﻪ �ن
ﮔﻪ �لﺎﻳرﻼن
36°36'
43°55'
RÛ
DO
ﺧ�اﺑﻪ لﺎﻳرﺎﺳلﺎﻳرن
36°34'
GAŪĨLĀN
36°36'
43°55'
B لﺎﻳرﻬﻧ �ﻰḺ-Ê M � ��ﭬﺎĀR-Ĩ R �� AMŪ � � OV ﻪ�ﻣZĨN-Ê � ﺑﺎĨĀ-Ĩ ��� ﻰﻣ � �� �
TŪBZĀŪE MAZN
Us ۰۳٥
ﺳ �� ﻪ
�� �
��اڤ �
504
440
Us ۰۳٤
ŞĀ
36°35'
ﺷﺎﺧ
MĀND
� ﮔ�ﻣﻛﻰ
�ﺑﻪ ��ة ﺳﻣ
T
R Ĩ SA
X-
Us ۰٤۰
BARDAT SMT
ﻛ�ﻟﻛﺎ ��ه ش
700
�ه �ﺑلﺎﻳر� ﺳﺗﺎن ﻣﻪ �ن
36°34'
�ﻗﻪ �ه ﻬﻧﺎ
ﻣﻪ ﻣ��لﺎﻳرن
Us ۰۳۹ DARBÊSTĀN MAZN
XRĀBA ĨĀSĨN
QARANĀZ
MAMŪZĨN
Us ٠۲۹
� ﺑﺎﺳﻪ ��
KŪLKĀ DRAŞ
�����
�ﺟﻼﻬﻧﻪ ﻣﺎم ﺳﻌلﺎﻳر
BĀSAŪÊ
Us ۰۹٦
ﻛ�ﻟﻛﺎ ﻣﻪ �ن
40
A
KŪLKĀ MAZN
Us ٠٢۸
Us ۰۳١ Us ٠٣٢
Us ٠۳۳
ﻛ�ﻟﻛﺎ ﺑﻤﭼلﺎﻳرك
ZÊLKĀ�‘ABDR AL-‘AZĨZ
0
350
GŪMKÊ XLĀNA MĀM S‘AĨD
65
���ﺳﺗﻪ ك
36°37'
43°54'
43°37'
XRĀBA ŪĀŞ DOSTEK
36°37'
�ﺧﺎﻬﻧ�ك ﺷ
ﺟ�ﺟﻪ � ﺑﻤﭼلﺎﻳرك
Us ٠۳۰
36°37'
ﻗ�ﭘك
ŞÊXĀNOK
��لﺎﻳر� ﻠﻛﻪ ﻋﺑ��اﻟﻌ�لﺎﻳر
MĀNDĀĨ
ﺳﻪ ���لﺎﻳرﺎن
QŪPK
Us ٠۲٦ CŪCAR BÇĨK
ct
��ﺑﺎ�لﺎﻳر�ه ﻣﺣﻣ
SARDRĨĀN
36°37'
ﺟ�ﺟﻪ � ﻣﻪ �ن 36°36'
ﺧ�اﺑﻪ �اش
�ﻤﭼم ﻛﺷﺗﺎ
Us ۰۲۷
CŪCAR MAZN
ﭘلﺎﻳر�ﻤﭼﺎ�ش
� ﺣﺎﺟﻲ ﻣﻠﻛ
ÇM KŞTĀŪ
du
BĀŽĨRE MAḤMŪD
BETWEEN US107 AND US120
43°54'
PĨR ÇĀŪŞ
�ه ﺷﺗﻰ
RIGHT� BANK. NORTHERN PART. لﺎﻳرﻠﻛﻪﺧ��ﻓﺎ
MALKÊ ḤĀÇĨ
43°53'
ﭘلﺎﻳر�ﺑ�ب
Ĩ NAVKŪR
��ﭬﻴﺎ
Us ۰١۹
��ﺑﻔ
ue
36°38'
BFZĨ
�� �ﻛ��ﻛﺎن��ﻛلﺎﻳر
Aq
43°53'
� ��
PĨR BŪB
ﺌﻪ ﻟﻼ�ﻰ
ﻣلﺎﻳر�ﻛﺎ�ه
36°38'
ZĨLKA FĀXAR
Us ۰١٥ Us ۰١٦
Us ۰۲۰
�ﻛ��ﻛﺎن�ﺑﺳ
36°39'
ﺟﻣﻪ ﺳﻣﺎق
KŪRKĀN KÊRĨ
MĨRKĀŪA
43°51'
�� ��ﻰ ﻛﺷﺗﺎ
-Ê
0 50 CMA SMĀQ
ŞĨV-Ĩ LĀLAĨÊ
ROVĨA
KŞTĀŪ
ﻣﻠﻛ � ﺣﺳن اﻏﺎ
36°38'
AḺĀHĨ
Us ۰۲٥
ﺳلﺎﻳر� ﮕ��ك
DOḺ-Ê
Us ۰١۷
ﺧﻠلﺎﻳرن
� �ﺷلﺎﻳرﭭﻰ ﻻ�ﻟﻪ لﺎﻳرﻰ
SÊ GRDK
�ﻠﻪ ﺳﭘﻰ ﻛ
��ﺳﺗﺎن
XLĨN
KŪRKĀN BST
43°52'
Us ۰۲٤
ﻣﺎم ﺧﻠلﺎﻳرﻔﻪ
KÊLE SPĨ
Us۰۲۲
MALKÊ ḤASSAN ĀḠĀ
ﺑﻪ��ا�ه�ﻣ�ﺳﺎ
DŪSTĀN
Us ١۰۲
43°52'
Us۰۲١
ﺑ�اك
�ﺷﺎب ﺌ�ﻣ
BARĀŪA MŪSĀ
�� ��ﻛﺷﻛﺎن
ﺧﺎﺗ�ﻬﻧﺎ�ه
BRĀK
43°50'
�لﺎﻳرﻬﻧﺎ�ان
ﺧﻪ
� � �ﻟ �ﻰ
�� ﻛ �ك
MĀM XLĨFA
43°50'
ﺷﺎﻬﻧﻪ
DĨNĀRĀN
E ĀN
ﻋﻠﻲ
DO
ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﺎﻬﻧﻪ
�ﻬﻧ
ﺟلﺎﻳر �� �
ZN
�� � �ﻰ
KO
43°49'
'AL
CĨR
Ê Ḻ-
43°47'
Ĩ�Ş
Ḻ-Ê
0
لﺎﻳرﻪ ﻛﻣﺎﻟﻪ
ﮔ��ه ﺳلﺎﻳرن
RK
-Ê
ŞĀB ŪMAR
43°58'
ĨAKMĀLA
‘AlĨ�ŞĀNE
DO
50
GRDASĨN
Us ۰١۳
43°47'
Us ۰١٤
43°42'
43°40'
43°39'
43°38'
ﺌ�ﻣ�ﺳلﺎﻳر� ﻬﻧﺎن
ﺳلﺎﻳرﺗﻛﺎن
ŪRMLĀN
Us ١۰١
KŞKĀN ŽÊR XĀTŪNĀŪA
ﺟﻣﻪ�ﺳلﺎﻳر� ل
SĨTKĀN
ﺌ��ﻣﻼن ������ﻛﺷﻛﺎن The Greater Zab Valley
ﺧ�ﺟﺎ�ه
43°51'
The Greater Zab Valley � �ﺷلﺎﻳر ��ﺧﺎﻬﻧ�ك��ﻬﻧ
CMASÊL
�ﺳلﺎﻳرﺗﻛﺎن�ﻛﺑلﺎﻳر
ﺑﺎﻬﻧﻪ�ﻣل
KŞKĀN ŽÛRĨ
XRCĀŪA
36°40'
36°40'
ŞÊXĀNOK NŪÊ
43°50'
36°40'
ŪMAR SÊNĀN
ﻬﻧلﺎﻳر� �ﮔ�لﺎﻳرن
��لﺎﻳرن�ﺷلﺎﻳر� ﺦ
SĨTKĀN KABĨR
BĀNAML
Numerous aqueducts
NÊRGZĨN
DRĨN ŞÊX
ŞÊXĀNOK MLĀ HĀÇĨ
ﺷلﺎﻳر� ﺧﺎﻬﻧ�ك�ﻣﻼ�ﺣﺎﺟﻰ
Us ۰١۲
36°39'
��لﺎﻳرن�ﺧ�ﺟﻪ
500
ﻛلﺎﻳرﻠﻪ ﺑﻰ
ﺷلﺎﻳرف ��ان
Us ١۰۰ Us ۰۹۹
DRĨN XŪCA
36°41'
36°41'
ﺷلﺎﻳرﭭﻰ �ﻬﻧﺗﺎ
����� ﺧ�اﺑﻪ
36°41'
ﻬﻧ�ﺎ�ه
43°59'
XRĀBA ŽÛRĨ
36°41'
� ���ﻛﻰ
43°59'
ﺻﺎﻟﻪ ﺋﻰ
�
ﺳﻣلﺎﻳرﻼن
ŞĨF RZĀN
43°52'
-Ê AŞ Q ḺÊ DO
ﺌ�ﻣ�ﺧ�ﺷﺎن
DZŪKÊ
NAHĀŪA
SMĨLĀN
ŪMAR XŪŞĀN
KĨLABĨ
74
36°42'
36°43'
ﻣلﺎﻳر� �ﮔلﺎﻳرن
0
ﺷ �ﻰ
36°42'
36°43'
55
36°41'
36°42'
ṢĀLA Ĩ
��� �ﻰ ﻗ
��ﻛلﺎﻳر�ا
550
ﺧﻠلﺎﻳرﻛﺎن
�� � �ﻰ
O
BN
Ḻ-Ê
ﺑﻨ �ﻮ ﻛ �ﻰ
DO
36°42'
XLĨKĀN
K-Ê
ŞĨV-Ĩ�ĨKMĀLA
ﺗﻠﺒﻮك
36°42'
ZRKĨZĀ
ŞĨV-Ĩ LĀLAĨÊ
���ه�ﺷﺗﻰ�ﻬﻧﻪ�ﭬﻛ
36°43'
� �ﺷلﺎﻳرﭭﻰ ﻻ�ﻟﻪ لﺎﻳرﻰ
TLBŪK
ﺷلﺎﻳرﭭﻰ ﺌلﺎﻳرﻛﻣﺎﻟﻪ
Us ۰١۰
DAŞT-Ĩ NAVKŪR
����ا�ﺑﻪ�ﻬﻧ��ﺳﻪ�لﺎﻳر���ﺧ�ا
36°23'
36°23'
36°22'
36°22'
36°22'
36°21'
36°21'
BANÊNĀN
ﺑﻪ ﻬﻧلﺎﻳر� ﻬﻧﺎن
KŪRĀŪ
�ﻛ��ا
�ﺷﻪ ﻣﺳﻪ ﺧ
�
36°21'
GRD ĀRAQ
KAŪRGOSK
ﮔ�� ﺌا�ه ق
ﻛﻪ ��ﮔ�ﺳك
0
36°20'
36°20'
36°20'
36°20'
SADĀN
ﺑﺷلﺎﻳر�لﺎﻳرﺎن
43°54'
43°53'
43°57'
36°18'
36°19'
43°56'
36°18'
36°20'
36°19'
36°19'
36°19'
36°18'
36°18'
36°18'
36°19'
0
30
36°19'
43°52'
43°48'
ﮔﺎلﺎﻳرﻬﻧﺞ
36°19'
43°51'
36°19'
43°50'
GĀĨNX
� �ﻪ ﻬﻧﺟلﺎﻳر��ك ��ﻬﻧ
36°20'
ﺳﻪ �ان
43°55'
36°20'
43°45'
Map drawn by X. Kolińska
�اﻟ
ﻟ ﻛﺑلﺎﻳر
Us ١٤۰
HANCĨRŪK NŪÊ
43°38'
ĨR
ا با
40
Us ١٤۳
BŞĨRĨĀN
A
Us ١٤١ Us ١٤۲
()�ﻪ�ﻬﻧﺟلﺎﻳر��ك�ﻛﻪ�ﭬن
36°19'
B
�ﺑﺎب اﻟﺑلﺎﻳر
ﻛﻪ ﻟﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ
� � �ﻟﻰ ﮔ
ĀN-Ĩ GAŪĨL
43°37'
BĀB AL-BĨT
(HANCĨRŪK KAVN)
DOḺ-Ĩ
ﻪ��لﺎﻳرﻼﻬﻧﻰ
36°20'
Us ١۳۹ KALKĀNĨ
ﺷلﺎﻳر�ه �ه ش
B
A
K
L-
ZĀ L-
A
ﮔﻪ �لﺎﻳرﻼن ﺑ�ﺗﺎن
409
�
Us ١۳۸
36°21'
ŞĨŪAṞAŞ
Us ١۳٥
ﺧﻪ ﻬﻧ�ه ك
0 35 GAŪĨLĀN BŪTĀN
Us ۰۸۳
445
43°59'
ŞAMSAXAR
Us ۰۸٤
Us ١۳٤ 36°22'
Us ١٣٦ Us ١۳۷ XANDAK
43°58'
36°22'
43°47'
36°22'
43°46'
36°22'
36°18'
KŪMALGAHĀ BAŞĨRĨĀN
36°18'
36°18'
ﻛ�ﻣﻪ ﻟﮕﻪ �ﺎ ﺑﺷلﺎﻳر�لﺎﻳرﺎن
36°17'
BĀŽÊRKÊ KELEK
�
�
Ş
ل
GRDAŞĨR
XABĀT
CADĨDARĀB © 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden �ﮔ��ه ﺷلﺎﻳر Ĩ ﺟﻪ �لﺎﻳر�ه �اب- ISBN TE-Book: ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 978-3-447-39259-4 A
RN
36°17'
ṞOZGĀRÊ
� ����ﮔﺎ
-Ĩ
BA
�ه
36°17'
QALĀ COḠĀN
� ﻗﻪ ﻻ ﺟ�ﻏﺎن
36°17'
GAZNA
36°17'
ﺑﻪ ��لﺎﻳر� ن
ﻣﻪ ﻛ��ان
44°06'
44°07'
44°03'
44°02'
44°09'
44°08'
44°04'
ﺎن
Ç
لﺎﻳر� ﺧEM-Ê Ş ﺷÊX � ﻣĀN �ﻤﭼﻪ
Ç
�ا�هE�M-Ê DĀRA ���ﻣ ﻤﭼﻪ
44°09'
44°06'
44°04'
44°10'
ﺳ�لÇEM-Ê SA � ﺳﻪRSŪL ��ﻣ ﻤﭼﻪ 44°03'
00
00 10
44°02'
Us ۲٤۲ Us ۲٤۳
10
36°26'
MAŪRĀN
���ﺌاﻟﻣﺎ�اﻬﻧﻰ ﺳﺎ
Us ۲٦۲
� ��ﻛ ��
Ç
Us ۲٦۳ �ه ش
ﺳﻛﻪ
�ﻤﭼﻪ
AŞ
ﻣﻰ �� �ﺟ AR
-Ĩ EM
CO
ه
ﺳﻪ �ﻣلﺎﻳر�ان
ÇE
M
� ﻪ-Ĩ TAŪS ﻰ�ﺗKA ﻪ�ﻣ ﻤﭼ
ŞAQLĀŪA SPĨ
TRGĀḺA
ŞAQLAŪA �� ﺷ� ﻗﻼUs ۲٥٦
ﺷ� ﻗﻼ�ه ﺳﭘﻲ
� �ﺷلﺎﻳر
ÇE
��
� ﺑلﺎﻳر� �لﺎﻳر
M-Ĩ -Ĩ
�ﻣﻰ
ÊŽ
BĨR
Ĩ
ﻤﭼﻪ
AŪ
ﻰ�ﻣ
GR
�ﺎم
AM
M
ﮔ�ه
-Ĩ
��
M ÇE
ﻤﭼ ﻪ�ﻣ
��ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣﻰ�ﻗﺎ
�ﻣﺎ�ه �ﻟ
ÇE
�ه
-Ĩ
ﺗﻪ �ﺳﻛﻪ
G
O
�� ﮔRAŞÊR �ﻰ ﻪ�ﻣ ﻤﭼ
36°21'
ﺷلﺎﻳر��ﻛﺎن
�����ﮔ��ه�ﺷلﺎﻳر� ��ﺳﻪ
ﻴﻦZNCĨ Us ۲٥٤ ��ﻓR-Ĩ � �ﺳŞĀ ﺧﻰX-Ĩ 15 00 ﺷﺎSA �� FĨN ﺠﻴﺮ �ﻬﻧ 1
S
Us ۲٤۷
40
0
Us ۲٦٦
1955
QAḺĀSCĨ SARÛ
��� ﻗﻪ �ﻻﺳﺟﻰ ﺳﻪ
36°21'
Us ۲٦۷
LĀ
Us ۲٥۲
36°22'
GORAŞÊR SARÛ
� �ﺑلﺎﻳر�لﺎﻳر
BĀNAMĀN
Us ۲٥۳
36°24'
36°23'
M
BĨRÊŽ
ﺷلﺎﻳر�ه ﭘﻪ �ﻣ�لﺎﻳرﺎن
ﺑﺎﻬﻧﻪ ﻣﺎن
TAŪSKA
Us ۲٦٥
Us ۲٦٤
MĀŪALO
ŞĨŪA PAMOĨĀN
Us ۲۸١ ŞĨDŪKĀN
ÇEM-Ĩ QĀZ-Ĩ
36°22'
�ا��ا�ه
GORAŞÊR XŪĀRÛ
ﺗ�ﮔﺎ �ﻟﻪ
Us ۲٥١
Us ۲٥٥
����ﮔ��ه�ﺷلﺎﻳر� ��ﺧ�ا
ÇĨĀ
�انRÛBĀ �� ﻪR-Ĩ M ��ﻣAŪR �� ĀN �ﺑﺎ ��
� ��ﻗﻪ�ﻻﺗﻪ�ﺳ
SARMĨDĀN
�ﮔ��ه ﺟﺎ
ﺳﻪ ﻻﺣﻪ �لﺎﻳرن
DĀŪDĀŪA
XRXĀŪA
ﺧ�ﺧﺎ�ه XRXĀŪA ﺧ�ﺧﺎ�ه Us ۳۰٤
ﻣلﺎﻳر�ا�ه
QAḺĀTA SŪR GRDACĀḺ
SALĀḤADĨN
ﻋﻪ �لﺎﻳر�ا�ه
Us ۲۸۰
MĨRĀŪA
36°26'
ﺣ�ﺟ�ان
KOṞÊ
ĀLMĀŪĀNĨ SĀRÛ
‘AZĨZĀŪA
� ﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ ��ﻟﻛﺎن
Us ۲٤٤
ﻣﻪ ��ان
ﻛﺎ�اﻬﻧﺑﺎن
ḤŪCRĀN
-Ĩ M
���ĨRĀŪA ﻬﻧﺟلﺎﻳر � Us ۲٤٥
KĀŪĀNBĀN
44°15'
44°05'
44°04'
44°03'
44°02'
44°01' 44°01' 44°01'
�ﻤﭼﻪ
ĨN
CĨR
�ﻣلﺎﻳر
ﺷﺎ
44°01'
0
44°00'
70
NA
�ﻣﻰ
ĨĀ
ĀD
ﻗﺎ�لﺎﻳر
ĨQ
M-
ﺎﻬﻧﻪ
ﺧﻰ
ﺷلﺎﻳرﻬﻧﺎ�ه
ÇE
44°00'
0
Us ۲۳۷
R
��
Us ۲۷۲ ŞĨNĀŪA Us ۳۰٦ Us ۳۰۷
36°21'
36°21'
Us ۲۳۸
ا�ه
ﻛﻪ ��ﮔلﺎﻳر� ﺳك
Us ۲۳۹ Us ۲٤١ Us ۲٤۰
� �ﻣلﺎﻳر ��ﺳﺗﻪ ﻣﻪ
ZN
KAŪRGÊSK
���ﺌاﻟﻣﺎ�اﻬﻧﻰ ﺧ�ا
ﮔﻪ ﻟلﺎﻳرﺎ�ه
��ﺳﺎ�ه ﮔ
ﻛﻼ��ه ش
ﻗﻪﻻ ﻣ��ﺗك
SĀ
Us ۲٦١ ĀLMĀŪĀNĨ XŪĀRÛ
36°25'
10 00 GALĨĀŪA
36°23'
SĀŪAGŪḺ
(GAŪRA)
()ﮔﻪ ��ه
Us ۲۳٦
� ﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ ﻬﻧ لﺎﻳرﺳﺎﻬﻧ�ك
�
KL ĀŪ�ṞAŞ
QALA MŪRTK
� ����ﮔ
KĀNĨ�ṞOLKĀN
ﺑﻪ �ﺑلﺎﻳرﺎﻬﻧﻰ
ĨT
� �ﺑﺎ
�ﺗ�ﺑ�ا�ه
(KĨÇK)
Us
MĨR ṞOSTAME
� ﻣﻪ���ان�ﻛ�ن
���ﻬﻧﺎ�ﻛﻪ ﻬﻧ�اﻬﻧﻰ ﺧ�ا
KĀNĨ NĨSĀNOK
BARBĨĀNĨ ()ﻛلﺎﻳرﻤﭼك
C
ṞÊ KO
Us ۳۰٤
Us ۳۰٥
Ĩ R-
Ĩ
ﺑﺎ �ﺳﺗ
ÇĀ
�ه
RA
� ﺣﺎﺟﻰ �ﮔﺎﻟ
TOBZĀŪA
� ﺳلﺎﻳرﺎن Us ۲١۸ Us ۲ ١ ۹ DA
QASROKE
36°28'
MAŪARǠN KON
����ﻬﻧﺎ�ﻛﻪ ﻬﻧ�اﻬﻧﻰ ﺳﻪ
ﺟلﺎﻳرﺗ
ﻤﭼ
O ST
BĀ
�ﺎ
Us ۳۰۳
PARAPĨLĀN
ﭘﻪ �ه ﭘلﺎﻳرﻼن
ﺷلﺎﻳر� ﺧﺎن �ﻪ �ﻛﻰ
Us ۲۷۹
ﺳلﺎﻳرﮕ��ﻛﺎن
ḤĀCĨ GĀLO
BĀ
SĨGRDKĀN
0
ﭘﻪ �ﭘلﺎﻳرﺗﺎن
Us ۳۰۲
ŞÊXĀN HARKĨ
Us ۲۷۸
36°23'
�ﺳﺎ
50
DṞAŞ
��ه ش
� �� �ﻛ �� �
36°23'
PARPĨTĀN
ﺷلﺎﻳر� ﺧﺎن
Ĩ
RÛ
55
0
لﺎﻳرن
ﻛﻪ ﭘ�ان
XŪĀRÛ
��ا�ﺑﻪ�ﻬﻧ��ﺳﻪ�لﺎﻳر���ﺧ�ا
36°28'
NĀŪKANDĀNĨ XŪĀRÛ
X-
�ﭘﻴ
Us ۲۷۷
KAPRĀN
ŞÊXĀN
�ﻪ��ﺷﻪ�م
Us ۲۷٦
�����ا�ﺑﻪ�ﻬﻧ��ﺳﻪ�لﺎﻳر���ﺳﻪ
Us ۳۰١
� ����لﺎﻳر �� ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣ
M MĀ ĨR ﺷ Ĩ P ﺎﺧﻰ
DĀRBAND-Ĩ SAĨD-Ĩ SARÛ
ZRGOZ
ﺮ ﻣﺎم
XĀN
�ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣ
-Ê ŞÊ
ÇEM
ﺷلﺎﻳر� ﺧﺎن
ﺌا��ﮔﻪ
ÇEM-Ê DÊRÊ
HARŞAM
Us ۲۷٥
Us ۲٥۹
ĀŽGA
36°26'
X-
Us ۲۸۳
36°28'
36°27'
ŞĀ
ŞĀ
�ا�ه ﺷﻪ ﻛ�ان
1255
36°27'
Us ۲٦۰
Us ۲۷٤
ﻗﺎ�لﺎﻳرﺎﻬﻧﻪ
�لﺎﻳرﻬﻧﮕﻪ ﭘ
NĀŪKANDĀNĨ SARÛ
ﺷلﺎﻳر� ﺦ ﻣﻪ ﻣ��لﺎﻳرﺎن
36°27'
SARŪKĀNĨ
� ��لﺎﻳر ��
KOĨKĀN �ﻛ�لﺎﻳرﻛﺎنFĀ QĀDĨĀNA
� ﻗﻪ�ﺳ��ﻛﻪ
DĀRA BZMĀRD
DÊRÊ
��ﻣلﺎﻳر�اﺧ
ﺷلﺎﻳر� �ا�ه
PḺĨNGA
� ��لﺎﻳر ﺑﺎ��ك
Us ۲۳٥
36°28'
���ا�ه ﺑ�ﻣﺎ
MĨRĀXŪR
ŞÊRĀŪA
ZĨĀRAT KOṞÊ
ﺳﻪ ��ﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ
36°29'
ZÊBĀROK
� ��لﺎﻳرﺎ�ه � �ﻛ ��
36°26'
ﺑﺎﺳ�ﻣﻪ �ﻛ�ن
ﺧﻪ ﺗلﺎﻳرﺑلﺎﻳرﺎن
�ﻛ�ﻬﻧﻪ ﭬلﺎﻳر
ŞĨŪAMĀSĨ
36°28'
DAŞT-Ĩ DÊRÊ
Us ۲۷۳
50
Us ۲۷۲
SŪRSŪRA
Us ۲۳٤
700
550
ﺳﻪ �ﺳ�ل
KŪNA VĨṞ
36°29'
ŞÊX MAMŪDĨĀN
SARSŪL
36°30'
ﺷلﺎﻳر�ه ﻣﺎﺳﻰ
ﺻ�ﻓ�ﺳﺎم
� ﺳ�ﻟﻰ
�ه �ﮔﻪ
36°29'
ṢŪFĨSĀM
SŪLÊ
36°28'
ṞAZGA
� ��ﺧﺎﻬﻧ�ا ﺳ��ان
ﺳ��ﺳ��ه MŪTRĀŪA Us ۲ ۰ ۳ Us ۲ ۰ ٤ ﻣ�ﺗ�ا�ه Us ۲ ۰ ٥ BĀŞÛRĨ SARÛ Us ۲ ۰ ۰ Us ۲ ۰ ۲ Us ۲ ۰ ٦ Us ��� ﺑﺎﺷ���� ﺳﻪ Us ۲ ۰ ١ Us ۲ ۰ ۷ U Us ۲ ۰ ۸ ṞAZGA XOŞNĀŪ BĀSRMA � ��ه��ﮔﻪ�ﺧ�ﺷﻬﻧﺎ Us ۲ ١ ۲ ﺑﺎﺳ�ﻣﻪ Us Us ۲ ١ ٤ BĀSRMA KON Us XATĨBĨĀN
ﺳ�ﻛﻬﻧ� ﺧﻪ�لﺎﻳرﻼﻬﻧﻰ
1000
ḤĀCĨ ÇŪMĀR
� ��ه ﺷﺗﻰ �لﺎﻳر ��
DĀRAŞEKRĀN
�لﺎﻳر�لﺎﻳرن
36°29'
�ﺣﺎﺟﻰ ﻤﭼ�ﻣﺎ
Us ۲۷١
ﻗﻪ ﭘﻪ ﮔلﺎﻳرﺎن
ﻨا �ﭬﻰ
36°29'
ZŪRG-Ĩ BĀŪAXALĀN
QAPAGĨĀN
ĀŞ
36°29'
36°27'
Us ١ ۹ ۳
SRKND XAĨLĀNĨ
XĀNZĀDĨ SORĀN
Ĩ BĨN ﻰ�ﺑلﺎﻳرﻬﻧﺎنKĀN ﻪ�ﻣﻰ�ﻛﺎﻬﻧĀN ﻤﭼ
Us ١ ۹ ٦ TANGA PĨR �ﺗﻪ ﻬﻧﮕﻪ ﭘلﺎﻳر Us ١ ۹ ٥ BAŞÛRĨ XŪARÛ Us ١ ۹ ۹ ���ﺑﺎﺷ���� ﺧ�ا
ﻣﻪ���ان
GRD-Ĩ BŪTĀN
ﮔ��� ﺑ�ﺗﺎن
Us ١ ۹ ۸
ÇEM-Ĩ
ﺧﺗﻰ��اع
800
XR
Us ١ ۹ ۷
Us ١ ۹ ٤
MARZĀN
��ﮔ��� ﻛ�ﻬﻧﻪ ﺳلﺎﻳرﺧ
Us ۲۳۳
Us ۲ ۳ ۲
Us
Us ١ ۹ ۲
ﻗﺎﺳﻣلﺎﻳرﻪ
ﺌا�ه �ان
� ﻛﻪ�ﻟﻪ�ﻛلﺎﻳرن�ﺧﻪ�لﺎﻳرﻼﻬﻧﻰ
�ه �ﮔﻪ �لﺎﻳر�لﺎﻳرن
��ه�ﺷﺗﻰ��ﻪ��لﺎﻳر
ĀVKĀN-Ĩ XRŪĀTĀN-Ĩ
QĀSMĨA
GRD-Ĩ KŪNA SĨXŪR
ĀZARĀN
GRD-Ĩ ṞAŞ
ṞAZGA DĨŪĨN
ŞĨŪ-Ĩ SLÊMĀN
ﺷلﺎﻳر�� ﺳﻠلﺎﻳر� ﻣﺎن
DAŞT-Ĩ HARĨR
���ﺑﻪ���ه�ﮔﻪ
XAT-Ĩ DĀ‘A
DĨŪĨN
��ﻛﺎ�اﻬﻧﺎن ��ا
36°27'
Us ۲۳۰
KAḺAKĨN XAĨLĀNĨ
600
KĀŪĀNĀN ZRĀRĨ
���ﮔﻰ ﺑﺎ�ه ﺧﻪ ﻻن
��ا
Us ٦۷۰
HR
ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣﻲ�ﺑ
ش
ĀN-Ĩ
AL BĀŪAX
-Ĩ ĀV
ﭘﺎﻬﻧﻛﺎن
HARĨR
�� ��ﺮ
Us ١۸٦
Us ١۸٥
ﻨاﭬﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ�ﺧ��اﺗﺎﻬﻧﻰ
ﮔ��� �ه ش
ﺌ ��ﺟﺎﻏﻰ �ﮔ� �ﻟك
Us ۲۳١
�� �ﺗﻠﭘﻪ �ه
ÇEM-Ĩ
ﮔ
�� �
TḺPA ZARD
ﺎ�ﺟﻪ�ﻻﻬﻧﻲ
GRD-Ĩ BARDASŪR
Us ١۸٤
BARDAGAŪR
Us ١۹١
ﻤﭼﻪ �ﻣﻰ
ŞĨŪ-Ĩ PALK
ﺑﺎ�ه ﺧﻪ ﻻن
ĀVKĀN-Ĩ BĀTĀS-Ĩ
ﻨاﭬﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ�ﺑﺎﺗﺎﺳﻰ
Us ١۷١
��ﻣﺎﻣ
ﺌ ��ﺟﺎﻏﻰ ﻗ�ﺳﺎم
ﺷلﺎﻳر�� ﭘﻪ ﻟك
36°29'
Us ١۸۲
Us ١۸۳
MĀMDĨ
KA
Us ۲٥۸
PĀNKĀN
36°30'
BĀŪAXALĀN
HANĀRA
�ﻪ ﻬﻧﺎ�ه
ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣﻰ�ﺷﻪ ﻣلﺎﻳرﺎن
Us ١۹۰
36°32'
�ه�ﺷﺎن
��ﮔ��� ﺑﻪ ��ه ﺳ
OCĀḠ-Ĩ QRSĀM
� ﻨاﭬﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ���ﺑﻬﻧ��ﻛﻰ
OR
Z M-Ĩ
�ﻛﻪ
36°30'
OCĀḠ-Ĩ GĀCOT
���ﺌ ��ﺟﺎﻏﻰ�ﮔﺎﺟ
ĀVKĀN-Ĩ DRBNDOK-Ĩ
ÇEM-Ĩ�ŞAMĨAN
ṞAŞĀN
Us ۲۲۹
OCĀḠ-Ĩ GOḺK
�لﺎﻳر� �ه ﺑلﺎﻳر��ش ÇE
36°30'
Ĩ ÊR
ﻤﭼلﺎﻳرﺎ���لﺎﻳر� ���ﺑلﺎﻳر��ﺷﻰ
�ﮔ��� ﻬﻧﺎ
� ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣﻰ�ﻣ�ﻟﻬﻧﻛﻪ
GRD-Ĩ BOR
DÊRE BĨRŪŞ
GRD-Ĩ NĀŪ
�� �ه �ﮔﻪ �ه
� ��
ZARGAZAŪĨ
BE
� �ﻗﻪ�ﻻ ﺗﻪ�ﺟن�ﺑﺷلﺎﻳر
� ��ﺑﻬﻧ��ك
Us ١۷٥ Us ١۷٦
Us ١۷۷ Us ١۸۰ Us١۷۹
�
QAḺĀTACIN BAŞĨR
�ﻪ ك �ﮔ
KAḺAKĨN XAĨLĀNĨ
��ﮔ��� �ﺑ
36°36'
DRBNDOK
Us ١۷۸
� ﺟﻪ ﻣﻪ ��ﺳ
� ﻛﻪ�ﻟﻪ�ﻛلﺎﻳرن�ﺧﻪ�لﺎﻳرﻼﻬﻧﻰ
36°32'
ÇĨĀ-Ĩ DÊR-Ĩ BĨRŪŞ-Ĩ
ﺌاﻓ�لﺎﻳرﺎن
ﺑﻪ �ا�ان
CAMASOR
QŪ
� ���ﻛ لﺎﻳرﺗﻰ
ﺑﺎﺑﻪ
ﻤﭼ
ﻪ�ﻣ
ﻰ�ﮔ
�ا ��
� R-Ĩ BĀ ��ﺑﺎ RÛ ��ﻗ
36°31'
ﺟلﺎﻳر
SK CĨ
BA
BĀ
�ﺑﻪ
M-Ĩ
Ū-Ĩ
Ā GṞ
ﺳك
KORĨTÊ
36°31'
ﮔﺎﻟ
ﻲ�ﮔ
ÇE
ﺷﺎ ﺧﻰ
ﺷلﺎﻳر
�ﭭﻰ
H
�� �لﺎﻳر
�ﮔ�ا
ĀŪ
GṞ
��ا
SK
-Ĩ ŞĨV
L-Ĩ
500
36°31'
ﺷ GĀ
RĨS
CĨ
ﻛ��ه �ﺑﺎن
ﺑ �ﺎﺑ
ﺷ
� ��ﻗﻪ�ﻻ ﺗﻪ�ﺟن ��ا Us ۲٥۷
GṞĀŪ
ﭘلﺎﻳر��ه �ﻣﺎن
��لﺎﻳرﭭﻰ
���ا
QAḺĀTACIN ZRĀRĨ
ĨK
KŪDARBĀN
Ĩ
ĀR
ﮔ��� أ�ﻣلﺎﻳر� ﮔﺎن
BA
BR
ﺎﺧ �ﻰ
36°32'
PĨRŪE RAMĀN
-Ĩ D ŞĨV
GRD-Ĩ�ĀSK
ﮔ��� ﻬﻧاﺳك
36°33'
BĀ
Ĩ
�لﺎﻳرك
�ﺗﺎﻟﻪ ﺟﺎ
Ĩ
X-
�ﺑ لﺎﻳرك
�ﻪ ﺑﺎﺑﺎن
TĀLACĀR
ZĨK
ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣ ��ﻰ �لﺎﻳر
-Ê HÊ
ÇEM
ﺑﺎﺑﻪ ﺟلﺎﻳرﺳك
36°33'
ﺟﻴ ﺴﻚ
ŞĀ
���ه ﻣلﺎﻳر
X-
DṞA MĨR
HABĀBĀN
500
36°33'
GRD-Ĩ�ŪMĨR GĀN
� ﭘ لﺎﻳر��ﻛﺎن
GŪḺAK
BARĀZĀN
ÇEM-Ĩ MOLNKA
� ��ﻛﺑ
ŞĀ
BĀBACĨSK
36°33'
36°33'
ﮔ��� أ�ﻣ�أﻏﺎ
Us ۲۲۸ KBOR
ﮔ
0
55
� ﺎMÊŞ لﺎﻳر
ﻤﭼ LEFT864 BANK. NORTHERN PART. BETWEEN US157 AND US166
ĀFRĨĀN
Us ١۷۳ Us ١۷٤
T AS ÛT
A
Us ١۸۹
�ﺟ
� ﻗ�ﺑﻪ ﮔ��� �ه �� ﮔﻪ ��ﻛﺎن
G
ﺌ ��ﺟﺎﻏﻰ ﺌا�ﻣﻪ�ﻬﻧ�ان
PĨROKĀN
�ﮔﻪ�ﻟﻰ�ﮔ �ﻪ ك
ĨC
R
B
GRD-Ĩ�ŪMĀR ĀḠĀ
QŪBA
ﭘ��ﻛلﺎﻳرن
�ﻛﺎ�ه
OCĀḠ-Ĩ�ĀRMANDĀN
ﺌا�ﻣﻪ ﻬﻧ�ان
KĨ
�� ĨZĀŪ � GRD-Ĩ�ŞÊR ﮔ � �ﮔ��� ﺷلﺎﻳر
�ه ﺗﻣﺎن
36°37'
K
D-
Ū
ĀRMANDĀN
KĨ
KĀNĨ�Ū
ﻛﻪ �ﻟﻪ ﻛلﺎﻳرن
GAL-Ĩ GŪḺA
M
�ﺗﻪ
G
��
��� ﺷلﺎﻳر�ه
�ﺳﻪ �ﻛﻪ ﻬﻧ�ﻛﻠ
GRD-Ĩ DAR-Ĩ GAZOKĀN
ﮔﻪ
ŞĨŪA DṞĨ
SARKANDKLŪ
-Ĩ
-Ĩ
ﻛلﺎﻳرﻛ
KAḺAKĨN
PĨRKĨN
ṞKĀŪA
ﺳﺗ �لﺎﻳر
ĨĀ
ﻣ �لﺎﻳر
� �ﻛﻪ�ﻟﻪ�ﻛلﺎﻳرن��ﻛﻠ
ﺳﻪ ��ﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ
Ç
ش
KAḺAKĨN KLŪ
RD
لﺎﻳرﺑلﺎﻳر
ﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ ﻏﻪ �ال
ﻓﻪ ﻗلﺎﻳرﺎﻬﻧﻪ
ﺑﺎﺳﻛﻪ ﻛﺎ�لﺎﻳرﺗﻪ
Us ۲٦۹
SARŪKĀNĨ
��ا
KANĨ�ḠAZĀL
FAQĨĀNA
BĀSKA KĀRĨTA
� ﺳ�ﻛﻪ
Us ۲۲۷
36°35'
ﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ ﺗﺎ�ك
G
�ﻪ �ش
�لﺎﻳر��ﻬﻧﻪ
Us ١۷١
� �ﺑﻬﻧ-Ĩ DRBND �GRD-Ĩ�ŞÊR �� ﻰOK �ﮔ��� ﺷلﺎﻳرĀFRĨĀN ﻤﭼUs ١۷۲ ﻪ�ﻣ M-Ĩ ﻪ�ﻣ ÇE ﻤﭼ ﻰ ﺌاﻓ �لﺎﻳرﺎن
KĀNĨ TĀŪK
HAṞAŞ
DĨRŪNA
��ك
36°36'
ﺳﭘلﺎﻳرﻼك
Us ١٦۹ Us ١۷۰
� ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣﻰ�ﻓﻠ�ن
ÇE
GR
SOKA
RÛ
ﻤﭼﻪ
BṞK
Us ۲۲٦
� ﻓﻠ�ن
ÇEM-Ĩ FLON
Us ١۸۸
SPĨLĀK
-Ĩ B AL
� ﻰ ﺑKĨĀN ﺷﺎﺧ
�ﻪ
36°35'
�ﻟﻜﻴﺎ
��لﺎﻳر
36°35'
ﺑﻪ �ﺑلﺎﻳرﺎﻬﻧﻰ �ﻛ�ن
��
� ﻤﭼﻪ ﻣﻪ ﻛﻪ
���ﮔ�لﺎﻳر
ﻗ��ه ﺑﻪ ك
� ﺌاﻣ�ﻛﺎن
FLON
����ﻬﻧﺎ�ﺷلﺎﻳر�اﻬﻧﻰ��ﺳﻪ
BARBĨĀNĨ KON
ZŪRG-Ĩ XṞA
ﺑ�ك
ĀMOKĀN
NĀŪŞĨŪĀNĨ SARÛ
���ﮔﻲ ﺧ�ه
0
ZRGŪĨZ
36°35'
ﺧ�ه
QŪṞABAK
36°36'
RÛBĀR-Ĩ KOṞÊ
١٥۷
XṞA
Us ۲ ۲ ٥
MAKRDĀN
���ﻬﻧﺎ�ﺷلﺎﻳر�اﻬﻧﻰ ﺧ�ا
ﭘلﺎﻳر�ﺣ�ان
40
Us ١ ٦ ۲
� ��ﺑ
ÇAMAKAĨ SARÛ
Us ١٦٤
���ﺑﺎ � � ����ﻛ ��
DŪBÊ
ﻛﻬﻧ� ه ﮔ�ل
Us ١٦٥
Us ١٦۳
Us ١ ٦ ١
� ﺑﻪ ﻛ�ه
�ﮔ�ﺳﻛﻪ
� ﺧ�ﻟ
�ﻬﻧلﺎﻳر� ﻛ�ا
Us ١ ٥ ۹ Us ١ ٦ ۰ BAKDAR
GOSKA
KNDAGŪL
ﻣﺎم ﭘلﺎﻳرﺳﺎ�ك
PĨR ḤAZĀN
44°13'
NÊKDĀR
Us ١۰۷
36°37'
44°13'
XŪLÊ
44°12'
Us ١ ۰ ۸ Us ١ ۰ ۹
� ���ﮔﻰ�ﺌاﻣ�ﻛﺎن
Us ١٦۷ MĀM PĨSĀRK NĀŪŞĨŪĀNĨ XŪĀRÛ
ﻗﻪ ﻬﻧ�لﺎﻳرل
44°11'
�لﺎﻳر�ان
Us ١ ٥ ۸
QANDĨL
ﺳﻪ �ﻛﻪ �� اﺳﺗ�لﺎﻳرﺎن
ﺑﻪ �ﻬﻧ�ﻛﻪ
ĨĀ
ĀSTRĨĀN SARKAŪR
44°11'
� ﻣﺎﻬﻧ�الﺎﻳرن
ŞĀX
BANOKA
36°38'
ZŪRG-Ĩ�ĀMOKĀN
00
ﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ ﻤﭼ�ﻛن
BARBĨĀNĨ NŪÊ
� ﻛ لﺎﻳرﻠﻰ ﺳلﺎﻳرﻬﻧﺎن
ﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ �ﻛ�ﻟك
KĀNĨ ÇRKN
36°38'
KĨLÊ SĨNĀN HĨZĀN
ﻓﺗﻪ
Us ١٦۸
� ﺟ�ﻬﻧﻪ ﻟﻪ
KĀNĨ KOLK
��ﺳلﺎﻳر� ﻬﻧﺎ
ĀŞKAFTA
� ﺑﻪ �ﺑلﺎﻳرﺎﻬﻧﻰ ��ﻬﻧ
NDĀĨN ŽÊR
SÊNĀŪD
36°39'
BARDÊN
Us ١٦٦
ﻗﺳ� �ك
36°39'
Ū
44°06'
44°05'
44°04'
44°02'
44°01'
44°12'
QASROK
����� ﻣﺎﻬﻧ�الﺎﻳرن
۳۰۰
���ﺑﻪ ��لﺎﻳر� ن ﺧ�ا
1000
10
36°38'
TA
36°38'
BARDÊN XŪĀRÛ
SARBṞ
�ﺳﻪ �ﺑ
ĀZĨN ÇEM-Ĩ D
ﻣلﺎﻳر�ﺑﺎﻟلﺎﻳرﺎن
36°38'
ĀĨN ŽÛRĨ
�� � �ا�لﺎﻳرن
MĨRBĀLĨĀN
CONALA
AF � ��ﻟ ﻰ
ﻣﺎ ﻣﻬﻧ��ك
�� �ﺗ
ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣﻰ��ا�لﺎﻳرن
ﭘلﺎﻳرﻬﻧﺎ
36°40'
ŞK
Ç
�� � ﻛ�ﻣﻛﺎﺳ�ﻓﻰ
ﺷﺎ
اﺷ � ﻛﻪ
KRMKĀ SŪFĨ ŽÊR
ﺷلﺎﻳر� ﺦ ﺷ�ﻓ�ﻬﻧﺎ
DĀZĨN ŽÊR
400
75
ĀT
ﺧﻰ�ﭘ
Ĩ�Ā
Ā
� ﻤﭼﻪMĀMDŪK ﻣﻰ
P TO
� �ﺑلﺎﻳر ﺧﻣﻰ
ŞÊX ŞARFŪNĀ
ﻴﺮات
�����ﮔ
PĨR
Ḻ-
-Ĩ
EM
BÊXMÊ
�ا�لﺎﻳرن ﺷلﺎﻳرﭭﺎن Us ١۰٦
ĨN
36°39'
36°40'
ﻓﺗﻪ
DĀZĨN ŞĨVĀN
ZRĀVK
��اﭬك
ﻛلﺎﻳر� ﻼﻬﻧﻪ
(ŽÊR)
ﻛﻬﻧﻪ ك
GORDZ
X-Ĩ
00
(�� �)
36°40'
����� ﻛ�ﻣﻛﺎ ﻣﻣلﺎﻳرﺎن
KÊLĀNA
ﮔﺎ�ك ﻣﺎم ﺳﺎك 5
�� � �ا��ك
����� �ا�لﺎﻳرن
36°40'
GĀŪK MĀMSĀK
KNAK
36°41'
36°41'
ŞĀ
DO
KRMKĀ MMĨĀN ŽÛRĨ
(ŽÛRĨ)
��ه �
DOḺ-
500
DĀZĨN ŽÛRĨ Between Bêxmê and Hancĩrūk Nūê
ﻛﺷﺎﻬﻧﻪ
36°41'
(�����)
ZÊŪE
N
ﻬﻧلﺎﻳر� ��ه
DĀRŪK ŽÊR
44°09'
KŞĀNA
� ﺑلﺎﻳر
BĀ
���ﮔﻰ��ﭘﻴﺮات
ﺑﻪ ��ﻛﺎن
BĨÊ
NÊRŪA
-Ĩ
�������ا��ك
EM
DĀRŪK ŽÛRĨ
BĨS
Ç
Ḻ-Ĩ
� ﺳﻣﻪMAKRĀN � ﻰ�ﺑلﺎﻳر ��ﻟ
44°21'
DO
ﻛ�ان
ZŪRG-Ĩ PĨRĀT
�ﮔ�ﺟﺎ
Ê
36°41'
ﺑلﺎﻳرﺳﻣﻪ ﻛ�ان
KŪNE ŞĨXŪR
��ﻛ�ﻬﻧﻪ ﺷلﺎﻳرﺧ BAŪRKĀN
44°20'
DOḺ-Ê KAL ĀTĨ-Ê
لﺎﻳرﻰ � �ﻰ ﻛﻪ�ﻻﺗ � ��
GŪCĀR
ﺳﺎ�ا
00
44°20'
ﻣلﺎﻳر� �ﮔﻪ�ﻣ�ﺷك
��� HR RAŪ ه �ﻬﻧNDU �� Z �ﻬﻧ
SĀŪĀ
ﻗﻪ ﻻﺗﻪ
36°42'
10
� ���ه�ﺷﻪ�ﮔ
ﺟﺎﻓ�ه ﻛﺎن
NA
QALĀTA
Us ١۰٥
BĨSMAKRĀN
��ﻟك
MÊRGAMŪŞK
ﺳ��لﺎﻳرﺎن
ﺑﺎ���ﺧﺎﻬﻧﻪ
44°19'
RŪLK ŽÛRĨ
����� ��ﻟك
RŪLK
36°42'
SŪRĨĀN
D
�� � ��ﻟك
36°42'
ﺧﻼن
ﺳﭘلﺎﻳرﻠARBA �� N D - Ĩ S � �ﻬﻧPĨL �ﺑﻪĨK ��ه �
��ﮔلﺎﻳرﺗﻪ
ﺳ�ﺳﻬﻧﺎ�ه
BĀRDŪXĀNE
�� ĨR-Ĩ M ﻟﻪ�ﻣĀLA ��ﻣﺎM � ﺟلﺎﻳرŪS �ﻬﻧ
36°43'
XLĀN
لﺎﻳرك
��ﺷﺎﻬﻧﻪ�ﺷ
RŪLK ŽÊR
SŪSNĀŪA
44°17'
ﺳﻪ �ﺳ�ل
Us ١۰٤
ﻣ �ﻰGAL-Ĩ �لﺎﻳرﺧBÊX ﻰ ﺑMÊ ﻪﻟ ﮔ
SARSŪL
44°13'
ZRGĨTA
1000
�ه ﺷﺗلﺎﻳرل
36°43'
ŞĀNASŪR
�� �� � ﻬﻧلﺎﻳرNÊRŪ-Ê ��� �ﻰ
�� � ��ﺷﺎﻬﻧﻪ�ﺷ
ÇEM-Ĩ KĀNĨ KĨŞLA XĀN
ÊXAŞAL
ﺷلﺎﻳر� ﺧﻪ ﺷﻪ
36°19'
ﻛﻪ ﻟﻪ ﻛﺎن
10 km ZŪRG-Ĩ XOŞNĀŪATĨ
DONGZĀŪD
ﺗﻛﻪ
MALĀ OMAR
36°18'
��ﻣﻪ�ﻻ�ﺋ�ﻣﻪ
36°18'
36°18'
36°18'
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 9-0 ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4 36°17'
36°17'
36°17'
36°17'
36°17'
0
�
�
ZŪ
36°17'
RG
-
36°18'
BNĀŪ
44°21'
44°20' 36°19'
36°19'
36°19'
� ﺧ��ان
13
00
Us ۲٦۸ 44°18'
�ﮔ�ا
XORĀN
ﺧ�ﺷﻬﻧﺎ�ه�ﺗﻲ � ���ﮔﻰ
1316 GṞĀŪ
36°19'
5 km
44°16'
Us ۳۰۹ Us ۳١۰
���ﻗﻪ �ﻻﺳﺟﻰ ﺧ�ا
ﻗلﺎﻳر��ه
0
36°20'
QAḺĀSCĨ XŪĀRÛ
QĨṞŽA
130
44°15'
44°08'
44°07'
0
ﺑﺎﺳﺗ��ه
36°20'
�����ﻬﻧﮕ�ا
KALAKĀN 36°18'
44°06'
44°05' 36°19'
ﺳلﺎﻳر� �ه ﻛﻪ
BĀSTORA
44°17'
36°19'
36°20'
SÊŪAKA
� ﺣﻣÇE ��ﺋاM-Ĩ SA ﻪ�لﺎﻳرĨD Ā �ﺳḤMA ﻣﻰD �ﻤﭼﻪ
ﺑﻪ ﺣ�ﻛﻪ
36°20'
44°04'
BAḤRKA
44°03'
44°00'
36°20'
44°09'
ﻗﺎ��ا�ه
ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣﻰ�ﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ�ﻛلﺎﻳرﺷﻠﻪ�ﺧﺎن
�لﺎﻳركÇE � ﺳﺎM-Ĩ KĀ � ﻰNĨ S ﻛﺎﻬﻧĀRĨK �ﻰ ﻪ�ﻣ ﻤﭼ
Us ۳۰۸
44°12'
QĀDRĀŪA
36°19'
10
ZN
SĀRTKA
CĨ
00
ﺳﺎ�ﺗﻛﻪ
� ﺳﺎR-Ĩ SĀ �� RTKA ﻬﻧﺟلﺎﻳر �
‘ĀLĀNA
ﻋﺎﻻن�ه
ḤĀCĨ�ĀḤMAD
�ﺣﺎﺟﻰ أﺣﻣ
�ﺑﻬﻧﺎ
36°17'
GOMASPĀN
� ﻣﻪ
36°17'
36°17' ĀN
MASP
Ĩ GO
GAL-
�
11 0
0
The Greater Zab Valley
76
The Greater Zab Valley
Image processed by J. Mardas
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Between Bêxmê and Hancĩrūk Nūê
77
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
THE GREATER ZAB VALLEY NORTHERN PART OF THE RIGHT BANK
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
80
The Greater Zab Valley. Northern part of the right bank
Map drawn by X. Kolińska
Us ١٥٤
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bêxmê and Dālarê
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
81
The Greater Zab Valley
82
The Greater Zab Valley. Northern part of the right bank
Image processed by J. Mardas
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bêxmê and Dālarê
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
83
44°9′0.0″
44°3′0.0″
44°6′0.0″
44°9′0.0″
36°36′0.0″ 36°33′0.0″
36°33′0.0″
Imagery generated by J. Mardas
36°36′0.0″
36°39′0.0″
36°42′0.0″
44°6′0.0″
36°42′0.0″
44°3′0.0″
36°39′0.0″
© 2020 Microsoft Corporation, © HERE
SATELLITE IMAGERY. BETWEEN US 107 AND US 109
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
THE RIGHT BANK BETWEEN ĀSTRĨĀN AND HĨZĀN
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
86
US 107 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٠٧
NUMBER ON MAP
US 107 S 307
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
گردى استريان
LOCAL NAME
Grd-ĩ Āstrĩān
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
tell
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river poor
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION LOCATION. In the Āstrĩān village, on a promontory of conglomerate riverine terrace south of a confluence of a seasonal stream to the Greater Zab river. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site has the form of small mound, several metres high. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. A mosque with a garden, and a lavatory were constructed on the top of the tell. The western and northern slopes are damaged by other structures, and by a road leading to the mosque. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A single Middle Assyrian sherd points to the presence of a settlement of this period, but neither its size nor function can be determined on this basis. The site is badly disturbed, and visibility largely obscured by structures. Most of collected pottery is very late (Period 20), and demonstrates protracted use of the area by modern settlement (the village is already mentioned by early 20th century British travellers and military as the location of a potential ford of the Greater Zab).
36°37'03"N 44°09'31"E
DMS
0424797, 4052842
UTM 38S
386
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Ākrê
NĀXĨA
Bcêl
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Āstrĩān
IDENTIFICATION car survey 3 October 2017
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
number of sherds
1
4
area
0.13
0.13
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
21
Right bank. Between Āstrĩān and Hĩzān
87
US 107 PHOTOS Grd-ĩ Āstrĩān in the village of the same name, seen from the north-east.
Photo by J. Mardas
The surviving part of the site seen from the north.
Photo by J. Mardas
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
88
US 107 PHOTO The Āstrĩān site and village seen from the south-east with the Prt Mountains and Zntā Gorge in the background.
Zntā GorGe
āstrĩān
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Āstrĩān and Hĩzān
89
US 107 Photo by J. Mardas
Prt Mountains
us 107
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
90
US 107 MISCELLANEOUS FINDS ON PL.MF.107.1 FIELD NUMBER
TYPE
A1 A2
MATERIAL
tobacco pipe tobacco pipe
terracotta terracotta
DIMENSIONS (cm)
PRESERVATION
5.2 x 2.0 x 1.0 h. 4.7, ø2.8
fragment of a shank shank
DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.107.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A3
surface break
h
th
XX
2.5
1.5
n.d.
n.d.
1.3
0.6
A4
20/5
XX
A8
10/8
X
0
decoration
temper
forming treatment
t. reddish brown black t. p. grey buff
V (s.m.l) M (s.m)
l. chocolate brown
M l(t.s) a. fs
0
technique
colour
GLZ
yellowish green
2.5YR6/6
out.: 0 + deco in.: deco out.: er. in.: 0
M fs a. m/q
colour
2.5Y8/2
H (h.)
7.5YR6/4
W W
POTTERY ILLLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.107.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A5 A6 A7 A8 A9
10/8
X
surface break
ø
h
th
13 14
2.3 2.8
1.4-1.0 0.8
decoration
temper
forming treatment
red buff reddish buff
M G(s.m.l) a. M l(s.m) fs a. M l(s) f. fs G (s.m.l) f.
colour
out.: WS WS
5YR6/4 2.5YR8/2
technique
colour
W W
22
2.6
0.8
er.
7.5YR8/2
W
0.5
1.3
0.6
l. chocolate brown
M l(t.s) a. fs
out.: er. in.: 0
7.5YR6/4
W
23
2.9
1.1
buff
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m) fs f.
er.
10YR8/2
W
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Āstrĩān and Hĩzān
91
US 107 PL.MF.107.1
5 cm
0 A1
A2
PL.DF.107.1
0 A4
5 cm A3
PHOTOS BY S. TLILII/PLATE BY M. KORPUSIK
A8
PL.PP.107.1
A9
DRAWN BY D. SAWICKA/PLATE BY O. KROCZAK
A6
A7
A5 A8
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
92
US 108 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٠٨
NUMBER ON MAP
US 108 S 136
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
خولى ٚ
LOCAL NAME
Xūlê
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river poor
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°36'58"N 44°03'06"E
DMS
0415210, 4052733
UTM 38S
410
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Ākrê
NĀXĨA
Bcêl
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Xūlê
IDENTIFICATION
LOCATION. On a hill on the edge of the highest river terrace. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site is located on the hill overseeing the Greater Zab valley from north, and a seasonal stream contributing to it. AREAS COLLECTED. Not collected: despite a relatively dense scatter of sherds, no characteristic pieces were observed. DAMAGES. The site is nearly completely covered with the residential compound of the moxtar of the village, including a garden and small orchard. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. According to the moxtar, a Yezidi village was located here, but was abandoned in a time prior to his memory.
car survey 11 September 2014
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Koliński, R., Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project. Report on the Field Activities of the Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Project for the 2014 season, p. 12.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
number of sherds
-
area
0.25
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
21
Right bank. Between Āstrĩān and Hĩzān
93
US 108 PHOTOS Concrete terrace and garden in the north-eastern part of the site. The Bêxmê Pass is visible on the left.
Photo by X. Kolińska
South-western part of the site. The villages of Nêkdār and Bakdar are visible on the other side of the river.
Photo by X. Kolińska
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
94
US 109 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٠٩
NUMBER ON MAP
US 109 S 137
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
خولى خرابى ٚ
LOCAL NAME
Xrāb-ĩ Xūlê
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°36'47"N 44°03'00"E
DMS
0415061, 4052380
UTM 38S
369
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Ākrê
NĀXĨA
Bcêl
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Xūlê
LOCATION. On the middle terrace of the Greater Zab river valley, south-west of the school. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site is flat, and extends along the limit of a conglomerate terrace overlooking the river. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation; a dirt road runs along the edge of the terrace. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. Small settlement of the Sasanian period continuing into Late Sasanian times. Late Islamic types probably related to the presence of a village of this period in the vicinity, cf. description of US 108.
IDENTIFICATION car survey 11 September 2014
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Koliński, R., Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project. Report on the Field Activities of the Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Project for the 2014 season, p. 12.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 15
16
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
3
3
2
area
0.3
0.3
0.3
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Āstrĩān and Hĩzān
95
US 109 PHOTO US 109, located on the high bank of the Greater Zab, view from the north-east. Arrows show the location of settlements US 159 and US 160 on the other side of the river.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by X. Kolińska
The Greater Zab Valley
96
US 109 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.109.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
forming treatment
A3
20/5
XX
5.5
0.9
bright reddish brown
V (s.m.l) f. M l(t.s) fs? f.
A4
16/10
XVI
6.5
1.3
p. greenish grey
M l(s) a. s a.
A5
16/10
XVI
5.0
0.4
p. greenish grey
M l(s.m) a. s a.
A6
15/3
XVI
5.0
0.8
reddish brown l. grey
M l(t) fs a.
A7
16/8
XVI
4.3
0.9
l. pinkish brown
V (s.m.l) f. M l(t.s) a. fs a.
A8
15/3
XV
4.5
0.7
l. grey / reddish brown
M l(s.m) s a. cs f.
6.5
1.0
l. brown
V (s.m.l) f. M s a. h.: l(s.m)
A9
decoration
temper
out.: deco in.: er. out.: deco in.: 0 out.: deco in.: 0 out.: er. in.: 0 out.: WS out.: deco in.: 0 out.: er. in.: 0
colour
technique
colour
grass green
?
GLZ
5Y8/3
IMP
W
5Y8/2
IMP
W
5YR6/6 pr
STM
W
2.5Y7/3
CMB
W
10YR7/4
STM
W
2.5Y7/2
W
H (h.)
POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.109.1 dimensions
No
A2
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
15/2
XV
surface break
ø
h
th
21
5.0
0.7
forming treatment
l. orange brown
decoration
temper
M l(s) s cs f.
out.: WS
colour
10YR7.5/4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
technique
colour
W
Right bank. Between Āstrĩān and Hĩzān
97
US 109 PL.DF. 109.1
0 A8
A7
A9
A5
A4
PHOTOS D. PIASECKI/PLATE K. DO HUU
A6
PL.PP.109.1 DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
5 cm
A2
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A3
43°57′0.0″
44°0′0.0″
43°54′0.0″
43°57′0.0″
44°0′0.0″
Imagery generated by J. Mardas
36°33′0.0″ 36°30′0.0″
36°30′0.0″
36°33′0.0″
36°36′0.0″
43°54′0.0″
36°36′0.0″
© 2020 Microsoft Corporation, © HERE
SATELLITE IMAGERY. BETWEEN US 110 AND US 112
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
THE RIGHT BANK BETWEEN GAŪĨLĀN AND ŞÊX ’ALĨ
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
100
US 110
Contour map: cut 1 m, generated by QGIS (from total station cloud of points). Processed by J. Mardas, drawing by X. Kolińska.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
101
US 110 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US اا٠
NUMBER ON MAP
US 110 S 116
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
بانى هشك
LOCAL NAME
Ban-ĩ Hşk
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION LOCATION. The site is located on the middle Greater Zab terrace, south-west of the confluence of the river and Şĩv-ĩ Zntā, 200 m southwest of Zêrāv village. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. Most of the site is flat, but three low elevations are present in its eastern part, along the edge of the Zab terrace. Another elevation rises across an erosion gully, several metres deep at its north-eastern end. A small part of the site encroaches upon the remnant of a lower terrace extending along Şĩv-ĩ Zntā. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.345 ha, B – 0.114 ha, C – 0.392 ha, D – 0.455 ha, amounting to 9% of the site area. Area A is located in the south-western part of the site, close to the border of the Zab terrace, on the western slope of a low hill. Area B is located on a flat area limited by the Şĩv-ĩ Lālaĩê valley and in a small gorge separating the northern and the central part of the site, limited by the Zêrāv–Gaūĩlān tarmac road and the football pitch. Area C is located in the south-eastern part of the site, on the middle Şĩv-ĩ Lālaĩê terrace, and Area D in a neighbouring area on the upper terrace. DAMAGES. Most of the site is under cultivation. Two water holes are present, one in the centre, and the other on the southern perimeter of the site. The north-western part of the site is damaged by the Zêrāv– Gaūĩlān tarmac road, a football pitch, and two houses. The area north of the road was used for dumping earth. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. The earliest occupation of the site, Late Chalcolithic 1-2 in date, was restricted to the area adjacent to the junction of Şĩv-ĩ Zntā and the Greater Zab valley, and probably represented a small, isolated village. Similar in size and location was a settlement established towards the end of the 3rd millennium BC, continuing through the Middle Bronze Age. During the Mitanni period, the site grew significantly to reach its maximum area of about 15 hectares, including the narrow, lower terrace of the Şĩv-ĩ Zntā valley.
36°35'06"N 43°58'35"E
DMS
0408439, 4049346
UTM 38S
384
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Ākrê
NĀXĨA
Bcêl
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Zêrāv
IDENTIFICATION interview 17 September 2014
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Koliński, R., Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project. Report on the Field Activities of the Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Project for the 2014 season, pp. 12-13. Koliński, R., An Archaeological Reconnaissance in the Greater Zab Area of the Iraqi Kurdistan (UGZAR) 2012-2015, In: R. Salisbury (ed.), Acts of the 10th ICAANE, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2018, vol. 2, p. 18. Mardas, J., Iraqi Kurdistan’s heritage in the face of regional development: state of preservation of archaeological sites and damage assessment – a provisional report. Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 26/1, pp. 815, 821. PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
number of sherds
1
2
3
4 3
5
6
3
6
14
12
8
4
4
3
2
9
1
area
1.0
7.3
1.72
14.66
14.66
14.66
1.0
6.5
4.0
5.0
3.0
1.5
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
18
19
20
21
The Greater Zab Valley
102
US 110 DESCRIPTION cont. The settlement, which must have been a small township, maintained its size in the Middle and Neo-Assyrian periods. Later, the site shrank to about one-third of the original area, and extended mainly along the edge of the Zab terrace, but the settlement continued without significant interruptions until the Early Islamic times. Numerous fragments of burned bricks are present on the surface, especially in Areas A and C. They represent two varieties: a thin type, c. 7-8 cm in thickness, and a thick one, c. 12-14 cm in thickness, dating to the Hellenistic period. The role of this site is difficult to reconstruct. It is an isolated settlement, but its size, especially during the Late Bronze and Early Iron Age, suggests that it was a place of some importance. It probably controlled the agricultural plain opening on both banks of Şĩv-ĩ Zntā. However, the area was probably hard to reach from the Navkūr Plain. Travelling along the Greater Zab was very difficult, so communication was likely ensured by a track running across the northern slopes of Şāx-ĩ Sart in the area of the modern village of Sardrĩān.
PHOTO North-western part of the site. On the left, the valley of the Greater Zab.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by X. Kolińska
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
103
US 110 PHOTOS North-eastern part of the site.
Photo by X. Kolińska
South-eastern part of the site.
Photo by X. Kolińska
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
104
US 110 MISCELLANEOUS FINDS ON PL.MF.110.1 FIELD NUMBER A1 A3 A44 D21
TYPE N.1 Pierced stone O.2c Pestle Tub or sarcophagus R.1 Paddle-shaped object
MATERIAL basalt basalt terracotta sandstone
DIMENSIONS (cm) ø6.0, th. 1.8, hole ø1.8-0.6 9.8 x 8.2 x 5.0 [43.0] x 18.7 x 2.2-2.7 14.4 x 7.1 x 5.2
PRESERVATION complete complete, small artificial depression on one side wall fragment, full height damaged on both ends
MISCELLANEOUS FINDS NOT ILLUSTRATED FIELD NUMBER 1/A 2/0 3/A 4/A 5/A 6/D 7/D
TYPE D.2 Revolving quern C.? Flat quern C.? Flat quern H. Quern C.3 Flat quern C.4 Flat quern B.1 Saddle quern
MATERIAL conglomerate basalt basalt basalt granite sandstone basalt
DIMENSIONS (cm) ø38 x 9 24 x [13] x 7 [18] x [14] x 5 [16] x [12] x 5 [12] x 19 x 12 [16] x 21 x 12 [14] x [12] x 7
PRESERVATION 1/2 preserved small fragment small fragment small fragment fragment 1/3 preserved small fragment
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
105
US 110 PL.MF.110.1
5 cm
0 A1
A3
D21
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
A44
0
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
50 cm
The Greater Zab Valley
106
US 110 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.110.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
decoration
temper
forming
th
treatment
colour
technique
colour
PNT
7.5YR3/2
A25
10/0
IX
2.5
0.5
orange
V (s.m)
WS (tt.)
10YR7/4
A29
10/3
IX
2.2
0.9
l. chocolate brown
M l(t.s) a. fs
WS
2.5Y7/3
W
1.8
reddish brown reddish reddish brown
M l(s.m) cs a.
WS
10YR8/2
H (h.)
er.
10YR7/4
out.: WS
A31 A37
14/3 [11/3]
XIV X
8.0 1.5
A40
2.6
0.6
l. yellowish brown
V (s.m.l) f. M l(s.m) s cs f.
6.7
0.7
p. green
Ms
5Y8/3
W
W STM+INC
W
B19
10/3
X
1.5
8.9
0.3-0.7
d. reddish
M l(t.s) fs q
0
2.5YR5/8
W
B23
10/3
X
2
3.2
0.4-0.9
buff
M fs
er.
10YR7.5/3
W
D28
12/8
XII
5.9
1.2
V (s.m.l) f. M l(s.m.l) s a. cs f. q
out.: WS
10YR7/4
D30
10/7
X
3.5
0.5
V (s.m) f. M fs
WS? er.
2.5Y8/4
1.5
chocolate brown greyish brown chocolate brown l. yellowish green pinkish l. yellowish green
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
INC+IMP
W W
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
107
US 110 PL.DF.110.1
0 A25
B23
5 cm D30
B19
A37
D28
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A40
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A31
The Greater Zab Valley
108
US 110 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.110.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A28 B1
16/7
surface break
XVI
th
treatment
7.4
1.9
l. reddish brown
M l(s.m) a. s a.
WS
0.8
yellowish green green yellowish green overfired
M l(s.m) s
out.: WS
B21
15/5
XV
4.5
1.1
buff
M l(s.m) s a. cs f.
WS
16/8
XVI
6.3
0.8
t. buff reddish
M l(t.s.m) a. s
out.: WS
XVI
5.2
0.8
l. greyish green
M l(s.m) s a.
3.9
1.9
C4 C5
3.2
1.6
D1
6.3
1.6
D19
D29
IV
10
D33
2.9
2.8
3.9
1.0
8.3
1.6
reddish brown grey reddish brown d. reddish brown d. grey d. reddish brown chocolate brown reddish brown p. greyish brown reddish brown / brown grey brown t. buff reddish d. buff l. grey d. buff
colour
technique
colour
10YR7/4
B30 C2
41
forming
h
12.3
decoration
temper
H (h.)
5Y8/3
CMB
W W
10YR8/3
GRV+IMP
5YR7/6 pr
CMB
W
0 or er.
5Y8/3
CMB
W
V (s.m.l) a. M l(t.s.m.l) s f.
0 or er.
5YR7/6 pr
H (h.)
M l(s.m.l) cs u-grey part.(s.m.l.xl) q
WS? (h.)
7.5YR7.5/2
H (h.)
M l(s) s a. cs f.
out.: WS Ss in.: er.
2.5Y8/3
H (h.)
M cs a. q a.
0
10YR6/4
H (h.)
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m.l.xl) fs f.
out.: 0 in.: WS
7.5YR7/4
W
M l(s.m) q(s.m) a.
WS
10YR7/4
H (h.)
DECORATED FRAGMENTS NOT ILLUSTRATED dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø
A15 C26
14/4 10/11
XVI IX-X
surface break
15
h
th
4.7
1.7
4.8
1.4
forming treatment
reddish l. grey reddish reddish brown grey buff
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
V (s.m) f. M l(s.m) f. s cs f.
0
5YR6/6
W
V (s.m.l) M l(t) s
er.
7.5YR7/6 pr
H?
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
109
US 110 PL.DF.110.2
0
5 cm B21
C2
B30
B1
C5
D19
C4
A28
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
D29
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
D33
D1
The Greater Zab Valley
110
US 110 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.110.3 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
A22
34
3.2
2.9-1.9
A27
28
2.6
0.6
6.7
1.2
A30 A33
16
B4
4.1
0.8
9.3
1.7
4.0
1.0
B34
6.9
0.7
C8
7.2
2.3
D22
5.2
1.0
D31
5.7
1.2
B16
XVII
21
forming treatment
l. yellow buff l. chocolate brown l. reddish brown l. greyish brown t. l. grey brown t. reddish reddish brown beige chocolate brown grey brown l. reddish brown buff t. buff grey t. buff reddish brown l. brown reddish brown grey greyish brown buff pinkish
decoration
temper
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) s V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) cs
colour
technique
colour
0
5Y7/3 2.5Y7/3
H
WS?
2.5Y7/3
W+H
M l(t) f. fs
out.: WS in.: er.
10YR7/4
IMP+INC
W
M u-redbrown part.(s.m) fs a.
out.: WS in.: er.
2.5Y7.5/2
INC+IMP
W
M l(s) f. s a. cs f. q
out.: WS in.: 0
10YR6.5/4
RSD+IMP
H
M s q(m) a.
WS
M l(s.m) s
out.: WS
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m.l) s f.
WS
M l(s.m.l) q(s.m) a. q(l) f. s f. V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) f. fs
10YR7/4
W
10YR8/3
GRV
W
2.5YR7/2 pr
RSD+IMP
H
out.: WS
7.5YR7/6
INC
W
0 or er.
5YR7/6 pr
RSD+IMP
?
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
111
US 110 PL.DF.110.3
0 A27
A33
B34
A30
D31
D22
5 cm
B16
B4
C8
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A22
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
112
US 110 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.110.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A8
surface break
ø
h
th
20
3.5
0.9
A14
IX
32
3.8
0.7
A35
IX
36
5.8
0.9
A41
IX
20
2.4
0.6
IV
41
3.4
0.8
A42
4/18
B13
20
4.4
0.6
yellowish brown
C1
IX
55
9.8
1.6
buff
C16
IX
15
4.5
0.7
reddish brown
C17
21
4.0
0.8
C20
27
2.5
0.6
C23
XI?
26
3.8
1.0
D7
VIII
55
5.4
1.0
D11
X
D13 D25
VIII [5b/9]
20 21
2.3
0.7-0.5
3.5
0.8
IV
19
5.5
0.7
D26
IX
31
3.8
1.1
D34
VIII
30
3.7
0.7
forming treatment
t. reddish brown buff t. reddish brown t. reddish brown buff t. reddish brown reddish brown greyish brown reddish brown greyish brown t. reddish p. reddish brown p. grey p. reddish brown
chocolate brown t. greyish chocolate brown t. buff d. grey t. buff buff p. grey buff orange brown greyish brown orange brown reddish brown grey l. orange l. grey l. orange l. reddish brown l. grey l. reddish brown t. reddish brown grey reddish brown buff l. grey buff
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m.l) f. s cs f.
WS
5YR6/6
W
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) s
WS
5YR6/6
W
V (s.m.l) M cs vcs f.
er.
5YR6/6
?
V (s.m.l) M fs
out.: WS in.: WS? er.
10YR6/3
W
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s)
WS
10YR8/3
V (s.m.l) M l(s) f. s f. u-redbrown part.(s.m) V (s.m.l) M cs q V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) l(l) f. fs
PNT
10YR5/2
NTW
er.
10YR7/4
er.
5YR7.5/4
W H
er.
5YR7/6 pr
W
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) s
WS
5YR7/5 pr
W
V (s.m.l.xl) a.
er.
10YR7/4
H
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m) fs
WS
10YR7/3
V (s.m.l) M s cs f.
out.: WS
5YR6.5/6
W
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) s
WS
7.5YR7/6
W
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) f. s cs f. q f.
er.
7.5YR7/6
W
V (s.m.l.xl) M l(t) a. l(s.m) fs
out.: 0 in.: WS?
10YR7/4
H
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) f. s f.
out.: WS in.: 0
5YR7/6 10YR7/4
H
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) s
WS
5YR7/6
RSD+IMP
W
INC
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
C21 C13
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
IV VIII
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
27
3.0
1.0
28
2.8
0.6
surface
temper
treatment
d. buff greyish brown d. buff brown reddish brown brown
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
V (s.m) M l(t.s) s
out.: er. in.: WS
10YR7/4
W
= A42
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) s
out.: ? in.: WS
10YR7/2
W
= D7
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
113
US 110 PL.PP.110.1 A42
D25
D34
D7
D13
A14
D26
A41
C1
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
C16
A35
D11
A8
C17
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
C20
B13
C23
The Greater Zab Valley
114
US 110 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.110.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A4 A9
XII
surface break
h
th
15
2.5
0.4-0.6
greyish green
34
5.6
1.0-0.7
greyish brown
decoration
temper
forming treatment
M fs V (s.m.l) M (s.m) f. s cs f.
0
colour
technique
colour
5Y7/3
W
WS
2.5Y6/3
W
10YR6/4
W
24
4.5
1.1
reddish brown
M l(s.m.l) s cs f.
out.: WS in.: er.
A16
16/1
XVI
19
3.4
0.6
l. yellowish brown
V (s.m) f. M fs(?)
WS
2.5Y8/3
W
A19
16/1
XVI
13
2.1
0.5
M l(t) s a.
WS
10YR8/3
W
20
2.1
0.4
V (s.m.l) M l(s) s
out.: WS in.: er.
7.5YR7/4
W
M l(s.m) s cs f.
WS
2.5Y7/2
W
M l(s.m) f. s cs f.
WS?
2.5Y7/3
W
M l(s) f. s a. q
out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
10YR7/4
H+W
M l(s.m) s cs f.
WS
7.5YR7/6 pr
M fs
deco
5Y7.5/5
M l(s.m) s cs f. q
out.: P in.: WS
5YR7/4
H
M l(s.m) a. s
0 or er.
5YR7/6
W
V (s.m) M fs q
P? er.
5Y6.5/7
W
M l(s) a. s a.
WS? er.
7.5YR6/4 pr
W
V (s.m) f. M l(s.m) s
out.: WS in.: er.
7.5YR7/4
W
A13
A32 B5
XII
22
4.0
0.8
B6
XI-XII?
28
4.5
0.9
B8
XIII
60
10.1
2.7-2.1
XIII
25
3.4
0.9
XIII
19
3.7
0.6
25
9.0
1.1
B9 B15
13/3
B27 B31
24
4.7
0.8-0.5
C9
[4/18]
14
1.9
0.4
C32
32
8.8
1.5
39
5.3
0.7
D23
XI?
reddish buff orange l. grey t. greyish brown reddish brown t. greyish brown brown green yellowish green overfired buff greyish buff reddish brown l. grey reddish brown l. yellow t. reddish brown grey t. reddish brown l. chocolate brown / grey l. brown l. grey reddish brown l. grey reddish brown orange brown greyish brown orange brown
W GLZ
l. greenish yellow
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
C6 D16
XII
A38 D27
XI?
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
29
4.2
1.0
chocolate brown
25
2.8
0.7
l. bluish grey
60
9.5
1.8
60
3.5
0.8
surface
temper
treatment
t. reddish orange orange brown greyish orange brown
V (s.m.l) M fs q f. V (s.m.l) M l(s) f. s q f. V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) cs a. V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m) l(l) f. s f.
WS out.: er. in.: P out.: WS? er. in.: er. out.: ? in.: r. WS b. 0
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
10YR8/2
W
2.5Y6/1 pr
W
= B5
2.5Y7/3 5YR7/8
H+W
= C32
7.5YR7/5
W
= D23
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
= A13
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
115
US 110 PL.PP.110.2 C9
A32
D23
B6
A13
A9
B5
B8
B15
A16
A19
B9
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
C32
B27
B31
A4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
116
US 110 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.110.3 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
A5
10/12
IX
29
5.4
1.0
A17
10/14
IX
34
4.3
0.8
A27
28
A44
B14 15/5
C18 C19
10/14
C24 C27 C31 D3
[11/2]
0.6
treatment
l. chocolate brown buff l. grey buff p. grey grey l. brown buff reddish brown greyish reddish brown
colour
technique
colour
V (s.m.l) f. M l(t.s.m) s?
WS?
10YR7/4
W
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) f. s cs f.
0 or er.
5.5Y7/3
W
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) cs
WS?
2.5Y7/3
W+H
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) s
0
10YR7.5/3
H
M l(s.m.l) a. s f.
0
5Y7.5/2
W
M cs/grit a.
out.: WS
M l(s.m) s a. cs f.
WS
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) fs q f.
c18.6
2.2-2.7
15
4.9
0.2
XVII
?
8.3
1.2-1.0
XV
41
4.5
1.1
IX
27
3.6
0.7
er.
5YR6.5/3.5
W
X
27
3.6
0.8
l. chocolate brown
V (s.m.l) M fs
er.
5Y8/2
W
X
15
5.0
0.8
reddish brown beige reddish brown
V (s.m.l) M l(s) s cs f.
WS
5YR6.5/6
W
er.
2.5Y7.5/3
NTW
WS
7.5YR7/4
W
WS
10YR7/4
W
B12
B21
2.6
forming
th
t. brown grey l. grey grey t. brown overfired t.: olive b.: buff overfired
decoration
temper
IX-X
50
8.0
1.9
l. yellowish brown
VIII
26
3.4
0.7
brown
0.7
buff l. grey pinkish brown brown
VIII
45
3.1
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) s V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m) fs V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m) fs f.
10YR7/4 pr 10YR8/3
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
H GRV+IMP
W
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
117
US 110 PL.PP.110.3 C27
A44
A5
A27
C31
D3
A17
C18
C24
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
C19
B21
B14
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B12
The Greater Zab Valley
118
US 110 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.110.4 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A2
XVI
A10
VII
A11 A20
11/8
A24
XI XVI
14/14
A36 B3
15/2
h
th
28
4.8
2.8
25
5.5
1.1
25
2.2
1.0
16
4.5
0.9
reddish brown
2.1-1.4
16
4.1
0.8
XIV
11
3.3
0.5
VII
17
6.1
1.7
XV
20 13
13/13
reddish brown chocolate brown buff pinkish buff buff orange
XIII
C10
10 10
C25
4.3 3.5 2.9 2.7
reddish brown brown reddish brown t. l. grey brown t. reddish reddish brown l. brown l. greyish brown l. brown
10YR7/4
W
WS
2.5Y7/3 5YR6/6 pr
W
out.: WS Ss
2.5Y8/2
W
out.: WS
10YR7/4
W
M l(s) s a. cs f.
out.: WS bitumen in.: er.
5YR6.5/4
H+W?
M u-redbrown part.(s.m) fs a.
out.: WS in.: er.
2.5Y7.5/2
M l(s) l(m) f. s a.
out.: WS? Ss
10YR7/3.5
W
V (s.m) M l(s.m.l) cs
out.: WS (tr.) in.: er.
10YR7.5/3.5
W
out.: WS Ss
10YR8/3
W
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) s f. V (s.m.l) M (t.s) a. s
INC+IMP
W
0.8
M l(s.m.l) a. s a. cs f.
WS
10YR7/4
W
5YR7/6
W
7.5YR7/6
W
out.: WS
GLEY1 4.5/N
W
out.: WS in.: er.
5YR7/6 pr
W
0.7
reddish brown
M l(s.m) s cs f.
out.: WS in.: er.
0.4
t. orange grey t. orange
V (s.m.l) M s cs f.
er.
4.6
1.0
d. grey
0.8
orange brown
VII
11
2.7
0.7
l. brown
X
14
3.0
0.7
D24
25
4.1
1.9-1.4
D32
25
14.0
1.6
10/5
n.d.
V (s.m) M l(s.m.l) s cs f.
reddish brown brown r.: pinkish brown overfired
3.8
D17
colour
d. buff
14
D15
n.d.
technique
0.7
16 [11/8]
forming colour
V (s.m.l) a. Ms
X
C29
decoration
temper treatment
12.5
B7 B24
ø
26
A33 A34
surface break
olive overfired t. reddish grey brown greyish brown d. buff l. greyish brown
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m) s cs f. V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m) fs V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) fs f. V (s.m) M l(s) s
WS?
10YR7/3
W
er.
2.5Y8/3
W
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) s a. cs f.
out.: WS in.: 0
5YR7/6 pr
H+W
V (s.m.l) M s a.
out.: WS
7.5YR7/6
H+W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A23 A39
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
XVI
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
26
6.1
1.5
16
3.4
0.6
surface
temper
treatment
reddish buff l. greyish brown l. yellowish brown
M u-grey part. (s.m.l.xl) a.
WS bitumen
M l(t.s) fs a.
WS
decoration
colour
technique
5YR6/6 10YR7.5/3
INC
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
H+W?
= A24
W
= A33
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
119
US 110 PL.PP.110.4
A36
A10
D17
D15
C29
A20
A11
C25 D32
B24
C10
D24
A34
A33
B3
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATED BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A24
BITUMEN
A2
BITUMEN
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B7
The Greater Zab Valley
120
US 110 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.110.5 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
18
10.7
2.2
A43
14
6.3
0.6
B10 B20
10 21
2.2 4.3
0.5 1.4
t. l. reddish brown l. yellowish brown t. l. reddish brown d. greyish brown d. grey buff l. grey
B22
18
5.7
0.8
grey
A26
B25
9
2.4
0.5
B35
21
20.5
1.3
forming treatment
C28
12
4.4
0.9
D4
34
7.7
2.2-1.7
D5
21
5.7
1.5
D8
18
4.5
0.9
D18
15
7.4
1.9-1.4
D36
26
15.0
1.4-1.2
colour
technique
colour
M cs a. gravel f.
out.: er. in.: 0
7.5YR6.5/6
M cs
out.: WS
10YR7/3
W
M l(s.m) s cs f. M l(s) f. s cs f.
er. out.: WS out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
10YR7/4 2.5Y7.5/2
W W
M l(s.m.l) cs a.
d. grey overfired grey l. chocolate brown reddish brown d. buff greyish d. buff reddish brown greyish brown orange l. brown orange reddish brown greyish brown chocolate brown
decoration
temper
H+W?
GRV
10YR7/2
W
M l(s)?
0
5Y7/2
W
M l(s.m.l) s
out.: WS
5Y8/3
H+W
M l(s.m) a. l(l) s
out.: WS Ss
10YR8/2
M l(s.m) s a. cs f.
out.: er. in.: 0
7.5YR7/6
IMP
NTW
W
M l(t.s.m) a. l(l) s cs f.
WS
10YR7/4
W
M l(s.m) s a.
WS
7.5YR7/6
W
M l(s.m) a. s a.
0
M l(s.m.l) a. s a.
out.: WS Ss in.: 0 bitumen
7.5YR6.5/6
NTW
2.5Y8/3
H+W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
D6
31
5.2
1.4
D35
14
5.6
1.1
surface
temper
treatment
buff l. grey buff l. reddish brown
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
M l(s) f. s a. cs f. q
out.: er. in.: WS
10YR6/4
W
= D5
M l(t.s.m) fs a. q
WS
10YR7/4
W
= D8
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
121
US 110 PL.PP.110.5 A26
B20
B10
B35
A43
C28
B25
D4
D18
D5
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
D36
B22
BITUMEN
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
D8
The Greater Zab Valley
122
US 110 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.110.6 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
A6
5
3.7
0.7-0.5
A18
12
3.2
0.9-0.7
A21
12
3.5
1.4
pinkish brown l. yellowish brown buff l. brown buff
1.5
2.6
0.6
l. yellowish brown
12
3.7
1.0
orange chocolate brown grey brown l. yellowish brown brown pinkish brown greyish brown t.: reddish brown buff reddish brown b.: l. orange greyish l. orange t. reddish orange greyish orange orange l. yellowish brown p. yellowish brown l. yellowish brown
A37
11/3
XI
B2 B16
21
4.0
1.0
1.3
0.5
22
11.6
1.3
14
2.2
1.1
B32
5
3.5
0.3-0.7
B33
9
1.5
1.0
13/5
XIII
B18+26
B28
IX
B36 C11
[11/4]
C12 C14
11/3
XI
C15 C22
[11/4]
11
5.8
0.4-0.9
reddish brown
9
2.3
0.9
reddish brown
11
1.6
0.7
4
2.4
0.5
2
1.3
0.8
reddish brown buff grey reddish buff reddish
4
2.4
0.6
C30
10
3.8
1.3-1.1
D12
5
1.7
0.9
IV
10
3.9
1.0
X
1.5
3.5
0.5
D29 D30
10/7
IX
forming treatment
10
B17
greyish green orange brown pinkish brown reddish brown b.: grey orange brown greyish brown orange brown l. yellowish green pinkish l. yellowish green
decoration
temper
M l(s.m) s cs f. V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) a. s M l(s.m.l) a. cs V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) s cs f. M l(s.m) l(l) f. s cs f.
colour
technique
colour
out.: WS Ss
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
out.: WS
10YR7/4
W
er.
10YR7/4
W
5YR7/6 pr
W
out.: WS
M s q(m) a.
WS
10YR7/4
W
M l(t) fs
in.: WS
2.5Y8/3
W
M l(s.m.l) s a. cs f.
out.: WS Ss in.: t. WS b. 0
10YR7.5/3
V (s.m) (l) f. M l(s.m) f. s f.
er.
5YR7/8 pr
W
V (s.m) f.? M fs
out.: WS Ss
10YR8/3
W
V (s.m.l) M s f.
WS? (er.)
2.5Y8/3
W
7.5YR7/4
W
V (s.m) M s a. V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) s M l(s.m) cs a. q V (s.m.l) M s q f.
out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
V (s.m) f. M l(t.s) fs
RSD
H+W
out.: WS
7.5YR7/6 pr
W
out.: WS
7.5YR8/4
W
er.
10YR7/4
W
out.: WS? (er.)
5YR6.5/6
W
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) s cs f. V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) f. s V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) fs q
out.: WS in.: ?
5Y8/2
W
out.: WS Ss
white p. grey
W
WS
10YR7/4
W
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m.l.xl) fs f.
out.: 0 in.: WS
7.5YR7/4
W
V (s.m) f. M fs
WS? er.
2.5Y8/4
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
B37 D9 D14 B29
11/3
XI XI
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
22
6.3
2.0-1.6
7
2.5
1.1
10
2.5
1.3
2
1.6
0.4-0.5
surface
temper
treatment
d. grey reddish brown grey reddish brown l. pinkish grey l. brown buff
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
= B18+26
colour
V (s.m) f. M l(s.m.l) s
out.: WS in.: 0
2.5Y5.5/1
H+W
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) s
out.: WS
5YR6/6
W
= C14
0
2.5Y7/3
W
= C14
WS
10YR8/3
W
= C15
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) s f. V (s.m) f. M l(s.m) f. fs?
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
123
US 110 PL.PP.110.6
B18+26
B16
D29
B28
D30 C22
A18 A37
C14
D12
B33
C15
B2
C30 B17
B36
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A6
B32
A21 C11 C12
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
124
US 111 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١١١
NUMBER ON MAP
US 111 S 115
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
ل نٚ گردى قه
LOCAL NAME
Grd-ĩ Qaḻān
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river difficult
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°34'39"N 43°57'51"E
DMS
0407348, 4048529
UTM 38S
365
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Ākrê
NĀXĨA
Bcêl
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Cūlêra
LOCATION. The site is located on a very high conglomerate peninsula between two deep valleys of seasonal streams, some 150 m from the Greater Zab. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The flat area on which the site is located is elongated, c. 70 m long and up to 25 m wide. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. A house has been constructed on the site, with some household structures (sink, ovens) nearby. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. Small settlement or farmstead of the Middle-Late Islamic period.
IDENTIFICATION car survey 11 September 2014
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Koliński, R., Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project. Report on the Field Activities of the Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Project for the 2014 season, p. 6.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
number of sherds
1
3
area
0.15
0.15
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
21
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
125
US 111 PHOTOS South-eastern part of the site. From the left: Mr Sarkaft A. Tajaldin, muxtar, and Mr Khaled Mahmud.
Photo by X. Kolińska
Brĩk Mountains
US 111
House in the southern part of the site. From the left: muxtar, Mr Sarkaft A. Tajaldin, and Mr Khaled Mahmud.
US 111
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by X. Kolińska
The Greater Zab Valley
126
US 111 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.111.1 dimensions
No
A2
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
20/5
A3
XX
ø
h
th
21
4.1
0.8
t. grey reddish brown
4.2
1.0
p. yellowish brown
XX
4.5
0.9
l. reddish brown
13.8
0.8
greyish brown
A6
1.2
M l(t) fs
5.2
p. brown
decoration
temper
forming treatment
XX
A4 A5
surface break
V (s.m) f. M l(t.s) fs f. V (s.m) f. M l(m) f. fs V (s.m) M l(t.s) l(m.l) f. s V (s.m) f. M l(t.s) fs?
colour
technique
colour
grass green
out.: WS in.: deco
10YR6/2 lr
GLZ
out.: WS
2.5Y8/2
INC+CMB
W
out.: WS out.: WS Ss out.: WS
W
5Y8/2
CMB
W
10YR8/3 pr
INC+CMB
W
2.5Y6.5/2
RSD+GRV
W
POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.111.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A1 A2
XVIII 20/5
XX
surface break
ø
h
th
9
4.3
0.5
l. reddish brown
M l(s.m) cs
0.8
t. grey reddish brown
M l(t) fs
21
4.1
decoration
temper
forming treatment
out.: P (tr.) in.: 0 out.: WS in.: deco
colour
technique
colour
GLZ
grass green
5YR6/6 10YR6/2 lr
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
W W
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
127
US 111 PL.DF.111.1
0
5 cm A2
A4
A3
A6
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A5
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
PL.PP.111.1
A2
GLAZED
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A1
The Greater Zab Valley
128
Aerial and satellite imagery AERIAL IMAGERY US 112
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 112
U2/B1554-R4R-F0415/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY US 112
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 112
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
129
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY US 112
U2/B1554-R4R-F0415/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 112
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY US 112
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
130
US 112 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١١٢
NUMBER ON MAP
US 112 S 113
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
گوندى كون
LOCAL NAME
Gūnd-ĩ Kūn
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°32'25"N 43°56'05"E
DMS
0404661, 4044424
UTM 38S
350
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Ākrê
NĀXĨA
Bcêl
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Sūrkan
IDENTIFICATION car survey
LOCATION. The site is located on the middle river terrace formed of sandstone rock, some 2.3 km south-west of the Sūrkan village. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site extends some 100 m along the rocky cliff forming the face of the terrace, occupying a low elevation. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. The site was founded in Period 9, probably as a small rural settlement using the agricultural potential of the terrain located on the terrace. After a period of abandonment, the site was occupied again in the Hellenistic period. A single sherd belonging to Period 16 may also suggest some activities at the site in the Late Sasanian period.
11 September 2014
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Koliński, R., Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project. Report on the Field Activities of the Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Project for the 2014 season, p. 12.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
number of sherds
4
1
area
0.52
0.26
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
131
US 112 PHOTOS South-eastern part of the site. In the background, on the other side of the Greater Zab, rises the highest range of the Brĩk Mountains.
Photo by X. Kolińska
Brĩk Mountains
US 112
South-western part of the site.
Photo by X. Kolińska
US 112
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
132
US 112 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.112.1 dimensions
No
A2
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
10/11
IX
decoration
temper
forming
ø
h
th
14
5.0
1.6
reddish brown
V (s.m) f. M l(s.m) s q f.
0
4.3
1.2
greyish brown
M l(s.m) f. cs a. q f.
out.: WS in.: 0 or er.
7.5YR7.5/4
M l(s) s
out.: ? in.: 0 or er.
10YR7.5/2
W
M l(s.m.l.xl) cs a.
WS
5YR6/6
W+H (h.)
A4 A20
A22
surface break
15
4.4
0.5
4.2
1.0
treatment
t. l. grey brown t. l. grey d. reddish greyish brown h.: d. reddish greyish brown d. reddish
colour
technique
10YR7/4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
colour
W+H INC
NTW
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
133
US 112
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
PL.DF.112.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
134
US 112 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.112.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A1+16 A3
13/2
A5+18
[6/9]
XIII
surface break
ø
h
th
21
3.5
1.1
9
3.2
0.7
16
10.6
1.1
A6
28
4.5
1.3
A7
8
1.2
0.8-1.0
A8
10/12
IX
A9
M l(s.m.l) a. s
WS
10YR8/3
W
M l(s.m) cs q
0
M cs vcs f.
out.: WS
M l(s) u-grey part.(s.m.l) s f.
out.: ? in.: 0
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) s?
er.
7.5YR7.5/4
W
10YR7/4
W
out.: t. WS b. 0
10YR7/4
H
V (s.m.l)
out.: WS
2.5Y7/4
W
reddish brown buff l. grey buff r.: orange b.: grey core l. greenish yellow green l. greenish yellow overfired
M l(t.s) s a. M l(s) f. u-grey part.(s.m.l) s a. cs f.
er.
V (s.m.l) a.
2.3
0.5
3.1
1.0
IX
20
4.8
1.2
14
5.7
0.7
9
1.7
1.4-1.7
l. brown
V (s.m.l) M s f.
A17
2.5
1.5
0.5-0.7
reddish
M l(t.s) a. s a.
A19
16
3.0
0.6
M l(s.m.l) s a.
A21
20
2.3
1.0
V (s.m.l)
er.
A22
15
4.2
1.0
M l(s.m.l.xl) cs a.
46
7.8
3.0-2.3
buff p. grey buff d. reddish greyish brown h.: d. reddish greyish brown d. reddish d. buff
out.: WS in.: 0 or er. out.: WS(?) in.: 0 WS
M s a. q f.
A15
A23
[8/6]
13/12
IX
XIII
W W
out.: t. WS b. P in.: 0 0 or er.
41
W
2.5YR6/8 lr
W
M l(s) s q
10
W
2.5Y7/3
reddish
XVI
10YR6/3 5YR6/6 lr
10YR7/4
1.1 0.8
XIII
A14
W
4.0
16/6
colour
10YR7/3
2.3
13/13
technique
0 or er.
7
A11
colour
M l(t.s.m) a. s cs f.
25
A12 A13
forming treatment
beige pinkish beige buff beige buff t. l. grey brown t. buff buff reddish / l. brown reddish l. greyish green overfired
decoration
temper
10YR7/4 7.5YR7.5/3
W
10YR7.5/3
W
5Y8/2
W
WS
5YR6/6
W+H (h.)
er.
10YR7/4
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A10
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
13/2
XIII
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
17
2.2
0.8
surface
temper
treatment
grey
M s?
P (tr.) er.
decoration
colour
technique
2.5Y7/2
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
W
= A3
Right bank. Between Gaūĩlān and Şêx ʼAlĩ
135
US 112 PL.PP.112.1
A8
A13
A23
A12
A11
A5+18
A3
A19
A22
A6
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A1
A21
A15
A17 A14 A9
A7
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Imagery generated by J. Mardas
© 2020 Microsoft Corporation, © HERE
SATELLITE IMAGERY. BETWEEN US 113 AND US 120
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
THE RIGHT BANK BETWEEN BSMĨRĀN AND DĀLARÊ
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
138
Aerial and satellite imagery AERIAL IMAGERY US 113 – US 114, US 155
US 113
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 114
US 155
U2/B1554-R4R-F0415/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY US 113 – US 114, US 155
US 113
US 114
GOBĀḺ
US 155
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
139
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 113
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4R-F0415/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
SATELLITE IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4R-F0415/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 114
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
140
US 113 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١١٣
NUMBER ON MAP
US 113 S 150
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
ناوى نيه
LOCAL NAME
No name
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE
LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE large river valley SETTING RELATION on the streams, tributaries of the Greater Zab TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION good CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°30'58"N 43°53'08"E
DMS
0400223, 4041790
UTM 38S
342
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Ākrê
NĀXĨA
Grdasĩn
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Kêle Şêx Bzn
IDENTIFICATION car survey 7 October 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
LOCATION. On the peninsula of the middle Zab terrace, c. 1.7 km south-east of the Kêle Şêx Bzn village. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site occupies an area limited by a deep seasonal stream valley to the east and a shallower one to the west. Two low elevations are present in the northern and southern parts of the site. Dirt roads run along the eastern and western perimeter of the site, and across its middle. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The entire site is under cultivation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A rural site dating to the Sasanian and Late Sasanian times. A few concentrations of large pottery sherds may indicate places where eroding vessels still in situ are present just below the modern surface. A few glass fragments and burned bricks are present on the surface. The site is contemporary to another Sasanian/Late Sasanian village at US 114, located c. 1.25 km to the west, across the valley of a large seasonal stream.
Koliński, R., Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project. Report on the Field Activities in the Province of Duhok for the 2015 Season, p. 22.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 15
16
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
7
12
area
2.45
2.45
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
141
US 113 PHOTOS The site seen from the north. On the other side of the Greater Zab, the Brĩk Mountains.
The site seen from the south-west. In the background, the Sart Mountans; on the other side of the Greater Zab, the Brĩk Mountains.
Photo by X. Kolińska
Photo by X. Kolińska
sart Mountains Brĩk Mountains
US 113
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
142
US 113 PHOTOS The site seen from the south.
Photo by X. Kolińska
sart mountains Kêle Bsmĩrān
US 113
A view from US 113 towards north-east.
Photo by X. Kolińska
Sart MountainS
Kêle Şêx Bzn
US 113
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
143
US 113 MISCELLANEOUS FINDS ON PL.MF.113.1 FIELD NUMBER A59 A60
TYPE vessel vessel
MATERIAL glass glass
DIMENSIONS (cm) ø9, h. 2.0, th. 0.2-0.3 ø3, h. 1.0, th. 0.3
PRESERVATION rim fragment base fragment
MISCELLANEOUS FINDS NOT ILLUSTRATED FIELD NUMBER A1 A58
TYPE N.1 Weight pierced sherd
MATERIAL limestone terracotta
DIMENSIONS (cm) [17] x 13 x [9], ø3.5 3.0 x n.d. x 0.8
PRESERVATION upper part preserved complete
PL.MF.113.1
0
5 cm
PHOTOS D. PIASECKI/PLATE K. DO HUU
A59
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A60
The Greater Zab Valley
144
US 113 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.113.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A33
surface break
forming
h
th
XV-XVI
11.4
1.3
p. grey
M l(s.m.l) s a. cs f.
out.: R in.: bitumen
treatment
WS R
A34
16/10
XVI
9.2
1.1
p. grey
M l(s.m.l) s
A35
16/8
XVI
8.0
0.7
reddish brown
M l(s.m) a. s a.
6.3
1.0-1-3
reddish brown
M l(t.s) s a.
4.2
0.7
p. brown reddish p. brown
M s a.
out.: WS in.: 0
A39 A40
16/7
XVI
decoration
temper
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0
colour
technique
colour
5Y8/2
H
5Y8/2 lr
W
7.5YR7/4
CMB
W
5Y8/3 lr
CMB+INC
NTW
5Y8/3 lr
CMB
NTW NTW
A42
15/3
XV
4.5
0.8
p. greenish grey
M l(s.m) s a.
out.: WS
5Y8/2
STM
A43
16/6
XVI
4.0
1.0
p. greenish grey
M s a.
out.: 0 or er. in.: 0
5Y8/3 lr
INC
W
A45
16/8
XVI
5.5
0.7
t. buff reddish brown
M s a.
WS
10YR8/4
CMB
W
A46
16/8
XVI
3.4
0.5
reddish brown
M l(t.s) s a.
out.: WS
10YR8/3
CMB
W
A47
16/7
XVI
6.3
0.8
beige
M l(t.s) s a.
out.: WS
5Y8/2 lr
CMB
W
A48
15/3
XV
5.1
0.7
reddish brown brown
M l(s.m) fs
out.: WS
7.5YR8/3
STM
NTW
A49
15/3
XV
4.9
0.6
l. brown
M l(s.m.l) s a.
out.: WS
5Y8/2 lr
STM
NTW
0.8
p. brown / reddish p. brown
M l(s.m) s a.
out.: WS R
2.5Y8/3 lr
RSD+IMP
NTW
A51
XV?
5.0
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
145
US 113 PL.DF.113.1
0 A48
A49
A42
A51
A43
A39
A33
A40
A35
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A45
A46
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
5 cm
A47
A34
The Greater Zab Valley
146
US 113 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.113.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A4 A32
surface break
ø
h
th
10
3.3
0.5-0.8
5.4
0.8
decoration
temper
forming treatment
colour
technique
colour
buff
M s a.
out.: WS in.: 0
2.5Y8/2
CMB
W
l. brown
M l(s.m) s a.
0
10YR8/2
RSD+INC
W
A36
4.5
1.5
brown
M l(s.m) s a.
WS
5Y8/2 lr
RSD+IMP
NTW
A37
8.5
0.8
buff
M l(t.s) s a.
WS
10YR8/4
CMB
W
5.0
0.5-0.7
M l(t.s) s
out.: WS in.: er.
10YR8/3
RSD+IMP +INC+CMB
W
M l(t.s) s a.
out.: WS in.: er.
5YR6.5/8
INC
NTW
M l(s) s
out.: WS
5Y8/2
INC
W
M l(t.s) s
0
5YR6/6
RBD
W
M s a.
out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
5Y8/2 lr
RSD+IMP
NTW
A38
XVI
A41
6.1
1.0
A44
3.9
0.7
A50
2.8
0.5 1.6-1.8
t. buff brick red t. brick red brown grey p. grey overfired brick red reddish brown
A52
XV-XVI
7.5
A53
XVI?
10.7
2.5
buff
M s a. m
WS
5Y8/2 lr
H (h.)
6.2
2.2
reddish
M s a.
0
2.5YR6/6
H (h.)
A54
p. greenish grey
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
147
US 113 PL.DF.113.2
0 A50
A44
A32
5 cm
A4
A36
A41
A38
A52
A54
A37
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A53
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
148
US 113 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.113.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
15/2 16/1 16/1
XVI XV XVI XVI
16 20 16 19 40
4.3 6.2 5.8 3.6 5.0
0.6 0.6 0.5-0.7 0.6 0.6-1.0
A19
16/1
XVI
17
5.1
0.7
A20
15/2
XV
14
5.5
A21
40
A23
3.8
10YR8/3 7.5YR8/4 2.5Y8/2 7.5YR8/4 5Y8/2 lr
W W W W W
M s a. m f.
WS
5YR7/6 / 7.5YR8/3
W (+H?)
0.5-0.7
buff
M l?(s.m) s a.
out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
10YR8/2
W
2.5-2.8
brown grey brown
V (s.m.l.xl) M s cs f.
WS
7.5YR7.5/4
H
M s a. cs f.
out.: WS in.: bitumen
M l(s) s cs f.
WS
M l(s) cs a.
WS out.: WS in.: 0 0 WS
21
6.3
1.3
3.8
0.6
A25
31
4.6
0.9
brick red buff l. chocolate
A27
11
4.7
0.6
l. brown
Ms
11 22 9
3.8 2.2 1.0
0.2-0.4 0.7-0.9 0.2-0.3
brick red l. brown bluegreen
M l(t) s Ms glass
XVII
colour
WS WS WS WS WS
23
A29 A30 A59
technique
Msm M s a. cs f. M fs a. u-brown part.(PG?) Ms M l(s.m) s a.
XV
15/5
colour
buff d. buff p. grey buff p. grey buff reddish buff
XVI
A24
forming treatment
A12 A13 A14 A15 A16
decoration
temper
p. brown
5Y8/2 lr
W
5YR7/6 / 7.5YR8/3 10YR8/3
W W
5Y8/2 lr
W
7.5YR5/4 2.5Y8/2
W W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A26 A28
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
15/2
XV
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
18 21
4.1 4.1
0.6-0.9 0.6
surface
temper
treatment
reddish brown reddish brown
M l(s.m) s M l(s.m) f. s a.
WS WS
colour
decoration
technique
7.5YR8/4 10YR8/2
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
W W
=A14 =A20
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
149
US 113 PL.PP.113.1 A59
A27
A29
A30
A16
A21
A24
A23
A25
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A13
A19
A15
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A20
A14
A12
The Greater Zab Valley
150
US 113 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.113.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A2
surface break
ø
h
th
10
3.0
1.0
M fs a.
M l(t.s) c(s.m) u-grey part. 0
13
3.0
0.4-0.7
A4
10
3.3
0.5-0.8
buff
M s a.
l. brown / buff
M fs a.
5.5
0.9
out.: WS in.: 0
buff
A3
10
A6
11
3.2
0.9-1.2
buff
M s a.
A8
10
2.9
0.5-0.9
l. chocolate brown
M l(t.s) s
A9
8
1.9
0.6-0.9
p. yellowish grey
M PG?(m) f.
2.0
0.5-0.8
brick red
M l(t.s) s
9
3.0
0.4-0.7
chocolate brown
M fs f. m
1.1-1.6
p. grey buff grey
M s a.
reddish brown
M l(t) f. s vcs f.
buff green
M l(t) s a. glass
A10
16/9
XVI
A11 A17
XVI
25
7.8
A18
XVI
18
5.1
1.1-1.5
18
5.1
0.9-1-2
12 3
3.7 1.0
0.5 0.3
A22 A31 A60
16/10
XVI
forming treatment
brick red brown
A5
decoration
temper
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: er. out.: WS in.: bitumen out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 WS out.: P (tr.) in.: er. out.: WS in.: 0 WS
M s a. cs f.
colour
technique
colour
10YR8/2
W
5YR4/2
W
2.5Y8/2
CMB
W
2.5Y8/3
W
10YR7/4
W
2.5Y8/2
W
5Y8/2
W
2.5YR5/6
W
7.5YR7/4
W
5Y8/3 lr
IMP(r.)+INC
7.5YR7.5/4
r.: IMP
H+W W
7.5YR8/3
H+W?
10YR7.5/4
W ?
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A7
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
10
2.7
0.5-0.7
surface
temper
treatment
buff
M l(s) f. s a.
out.: WS in.: 0
decoration
colour
technique
10YR8/3
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
W
=A5
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
151
US 113 PL.PP.113.2
A17
A18
A31
A22
A3
A4 A10 A60
A5
A2
A11 A9
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A8
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A6
The Greater Zab Valley
152
US 114 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١١٤
NUMBER ON MAP
US 114 S 176
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
بيرا ره ش
LOCAL NAME
Bĩra Raş
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good, difficult
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION LOCATION. On the middle Zab terrace, overlooking the river, c. 0.95 km south-east-south of the Kêle Şêx Bzn village. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site occupies the gently undulating area of a relatively narrow peninsula of the highest riverine terrace. A dense sherd scatter is present along the border of the eastern seasonal stream, and along the riverine end of the terrace. The scatter thins out towards west and north; no sherds are present on the narrow middle terrace of the Greater Zab. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 1.849 ha, B – 1.263 ha, amounting to 61% of the site area. Area A is located in the southern part of the site, in an area adjacent to the river valley. Area B is located on a small elevation in the northern part of the site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation (fields and gardens). Some irrigation installations are present in the south-eastern part of the site. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A few sherds indicate the presence of a limited settlement during Period 7, and, probably, activities at the site during Middle Assyrian period, though most typical Period 10 pottery forms are missing. A much larger, rural settlement existed at the site during the Sasanian and Late Sasanian period, continuing probably into early Islamic times. Another site of this period in the same micro-region, US 113, is located 1200 m eastwards, demonstrating a substantial increase in settlement density during the 1st millennium AD. The site is contemporary to another Sasanian/Late Sasanian village at US 113, located c. 1.25 km to the east, across the valley of a large seasonal stream.
36°30'54"N 43°52'22"E
DMS
0399083, 4041682
UTM 38S
330
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION
Ākrê
QAZĀ NĀXĨA
Grdasĩn
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Kêle Şêx Bzn
IDENTIFICATION car survey 6 October 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Koliński, R., Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project. Report on the Field Activities in the Province of Duhok for the 2015 Season, p. 22.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 15
16
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7 2
8
9
10 1
11
12
13
14
2
9
area
0.9
0.9
5.11
5.11
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
153
US 114 PHOTOS Eastern part of the site and the valley of the Greater Zab.
Photo by X. Kolińska
US 114
North-eastern part of the site.
Photo by X. Kolińska
US 114
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
154
US 114 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.114.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
forming
th
treatment
A21
15/3
XV
5.3
0.5
l. chocolate brown
M l(t.s) a. fs
out.: WS
B30
16/7
XVI
4.8
0.9
p. yellow
Ms
WS
4.3
0.6
buff
M l(s) f. s a.
7.7
0.8-1.0
B35 B36
16/8
B37 B39
XVI VII
technique
colour
2.5Y8/1.5
STM
cream
CMB
NTW W
out.: WS in.: er.
10YR8/4
CMB
W
l. grey
M fs a.
er.
2.5Y6/2
RSD+IMP +CMB
W
1.2
p. orange l. grey p. orange
V (s.m.l) M fs f.
er.
7.5YR8/6 lr
APL
?
9.4
1.2
grey
M l(s)? s m
out.: WS
10YR8/2
CMB+IMP
W
8.2
0.7
buff
M l(s.m) s
out.: WS
10YR8/3
CMB
W
B48
6.8
1.2
l. grey grey
M s?
8.0
0.8
buff
M l(s) l(m) f. s
16/8
XVI
colour
B44
B49
16/8
5.5
decoration
temper
XVI
t. buff l. grey t. buff
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0
2.5Y8/2 lr
CMB
W
10YR8/2 lr
CMB
W
4.2
0.9-1.1
M s a.
out.: WS
10YR8/3
CMB
W
B53
4.8
2.6
reddish brown
M s a.
out.: WS
2.5Y8/4
IMP
H?
B54
5.5
0.7-1.1
reddish brown
M l(s) s
out.: WS in.: 0
10YR8/3
CMB
NTW
B55
5.1
1.1
l. grey
M s?
0
5Y8/2 lr
CMB+IMP
NTW
B50
[16/8]
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
155
US 114 PL.DF.114.1
5 cm
0
B37
B55
A21
B54
B48
B53
B35
B30
B50
B49
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
B36
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B44
B39
The Greater Zab Valley
156
US 114 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.114.2 dimensions
No
A1
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
VII?
ø
h
th
60
7.4
1.9
5.3
0.6
A19 B5
XVI
surface break
13
forming treatment
p. brown p. grey p. brown reddish buff reddish
decoration
temper colour
technique
5Y8/2
IMP PNT (er.)
V (s.m.l.xl) a.
WS? er.
M l(t.s) l(m) f. fs
er.
10YR8/4
colour
H d. grey
W
5.4
1.1
p. yellow
M s a.
er.
5Y8/3 lr
B31
6.3
1.7
reddish brown
M cs a.
out.: WS
5Y8/2 lr
IMP
B32
4.7
1.5
reddish brown
M cs a.
out.: WS
2.5Y8/3
RSD+IMP
?
B33
6.0
0.6
buff
Ms
out.: WS
10YR4/4
RSD
W
B38
6.0
0.9-1.1
beige
M s a.
er.
7.5YR7/4
RSD+IMP +CMB
W
B40
6.5
0.9
l. grey
M l(t.s) s a.
0 or er.
5Y8/2
CMB
H (h.)
B41
6.7
0.5
B42
8.9
0.7
B46 B47
XVI
10
4.0
0.7
buff buff l. grey t. reddish brown grey t. buff
M s cs f.
0
M l(s.m) f. s
out.: WS
7.5YR7.5/6
PG (s.m.l)
out.: WS in.: 0
7.5YR7/6
H (h.)
10YR7/4
1.5
0.6
buff
M l(s) s
er.
7.5YR7.5/4
B51
6.1
1.0
l. grey
M s a.
0
5Y8/3 lr
B56
7.9
2.9
buff p. grey buff
M s a.
er.
5Y8/3 lr
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
NTW
H (h.) INC+CMB
W H H (h.)
CMB
NTW H (h.)
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
157
US 114 PL.DF.114.2
0 B47
0
B46
5 cm B38
A19
5 cm
B32
B33
B51
B41
B42
B31
B56
B40
B5
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
158
US 114 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.114.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
60
7.4
1.9
A3
57
7.0
1.3
A5
34
3.4
0.7
A8
23
3.7
0.6
A1
VII?
A9
31
2.9
0.5
A10
19
2.6
0.5
A11
23
3.3
0.5
A13
18
2.0
0.5
buff t. reddish buff
29
2.9
0.7
l. brown
12
1.7
0.4
buff t. beige buff
A15 A20
XVII
forming treatment
p. brown p. grey p. brown buff t. pinkish buff chocolate brown grey chocolate brown l. chocolate brown buff l. grey buff
B25
12
3.8
0.5
buff
B45 B57
43 10
7.3 4.9
2.1-2.5 0.6
buff glass
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
5Y8/2
IMP
H
10YR8/3 lr
RSD+IMP
SW+H
V (s.m.l.xl) a.
WS? (er.)
V (s.m.l)
out.: er. in.: 0
V (s.m) M l(t) fs
0
10YR8/2
W
WS
2.5YR6/6
W
M l(t.s.m) fs V (s.m.l) M u-black part.(m) (l) f.
0
10YR8/2
W
2.5YR6.5/6
W
WS
7.5YR8/3
W
WS
5YR8/4
W
0 or er.
10YR8/3
W
out.: er. in.: WS
7.5YR8/4
W
M fs
out.: P in.: WS
M fs m M l(t.s) fs V (s.m.l) M s cs f. m M fs Ms PG?(s.m) M cs a.
WS
cream
WS
7.5YR7/4 transluscent
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
W IMP
H ?
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
159
US 114 PL.PP.114.1
A1
A3
A5
A9
A15
A11
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A8
A13
A10
A20
B57
B25
B45
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
160
US 114 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.114.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
33
8.0
0.7-0.9
12
4.3
0.6
XVI
12
3.7
0.6-0.9
B2
XV
49
12.7
2.9
B5
XVI
13
5.4
1.1
49
6.2
1.5-1.9
17 17 10 14
4.4 5.9 3.8 3.6
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8
11
6.1
0.7
A6
XVII
A12 A14
16/1
B9 B10 B14 B15 B18
16/1
XVI
B19 B20 B21 B23 B26
15/5 16/1
21
3.5
0.4
XV
18
2.4
0.4
XVI
13 16
4.4 4.2
0.6 0.5
10
3.4
0.7
B27
decoration
temper
forming treatment
colour
technique
colour
d. buff
M l(t.s.m.l) a. s
W
M l(t.s) fs
out.: WS in.: 0 WS
10YR8/2
brick red t. l. brown grey t. l. brown buff l. grey buff p. yellow buff l. beige buff reddish brown buff l. chocolate brown reddish brown t. reddish brown grey t. reddish brown overfired l. brown l. brown l. grey l. greenish grey reddish brown t. reddish brown black t. reddish brown
5YR7.5/4
W
Ms
0
10YR7.5/3
W
V (s.m.l.xl) a.
0
5YR7/4 lr
H
M s a.
er.
5Y8/3 lr
H (h.)
M l(s) fs a.
er.
10YR8/4
M fs M l(s) f. s M l(t.s) a. s M l(s) cs
out.: WS WS out.: WS? (er.) WS
white 10YR8/3 5YR8/3 5Y8/2
W W W W
M u-grey&beige part.(s.m)
0
2.5Y4/1
H W
INC
W
M l(s) cs
er.
2.5Y8/3
Ms
WS
10YR7/4
W
M l(s.m) s M l(t.s) a. s
0 or er. 0
2.5Y7.5/2 7.5YR7/4
W W
M G (s.m.l)
0
5YR6/4
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
B17
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
16/1
XVI
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
19
4.2
0.6
temper
surface
treatment
buff
M l(s) s a.
out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
decoration
colour
technique
10YR8/3
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
W
=B26
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
161
US 114 PL.PP.114.2 B2
A6
B21
B9
B26
A14
B10
B5
A12
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B14
B20
B27
B19
B18
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B15
B23
The Greater Zab Valley
162
US 114 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.114.3 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
A2
28
7.2
1.6
l. brown grey l. brown reddish brown beige reddish brown reddish brown
A4
23
5.7
1.6
13
4.0
0.7
A18
5
4.2
0.6-0.9
B3
XVI
B4 B6
M l(t.s) s a.
0
M s a. cs f.
17
7.0
1.1-1.5
l. grey
M s/G u-mcolour part.(s.m.l) V (s.m.l) M s cs f. M cs
22
6.6
1.2-1.5
p. brown
M s a.
buff greyish buff
M cs a. vcs f.
25
4.9
forming treatment
A7
1.9
decoration
temper
p. yellowish green
colour
technique
colour
10YR7.5/3
NTW
er.
5YR7/5
H+W?
0
2.5YR6.5/6
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
W W hole W
0 out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
5Y8/3 lr 2.5Y8/2
IMP
H+SW
WS
10YR8/4
W
11
4.0
0.7-1.3
l. brown
M l(t) l(s) f. s a.
19
6.4
1.1-1.5
l. grey
M s a.
B11
17
5.6
1.7
l. grey
M s a.
B16
6
2.4
0.6
M s a.
17
4.1
0.7
Ms
er.
14 5 7
4.3 2.0 5.1
0.4 0.6 0.5-0.9
p. brown t. l. brown d. grey p. grey p. yellow grey buff p. grey / l. brownish grey buff
out.: WS in.: 0 WS? out.: WS in.: 0 WS
M fs M fs a. M l(t.s) s a.
0 out.: WS out.: WS
5Y8/2 lr 5Y8/2 lr 2.5Y7/1
W W W
Ms
out.: WS
10YR8/3
W
M l(s) s
0
10YR8/4
W
B7 B8
XVI
B24
XVI
B28 B29 B34 B43
9
2.7
0.5
B52
11
4.6
0.7-1.5
10YR8/4
W
2.5Y8/2 lr
H+SW
5Y8/3 lr
IMP+INC
W
RSD+IMP
W
2.5Y8/2 10YR7.5/3
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
B12 B1
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
XVI
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
9 25
2.3 5.6
0.6 1.4
surface
temper
treatment
p. brown grey
M fs M s a.
er. WS?
decoration
colour
technique
10YR8/3 5Y8/2
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
W H+SW
=A18 =B8
colour
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
163
US 114 PL.PP.114.3 B11
B8
B24
B3
A2
B4
A7
B6
A4
B34 B28
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B43
A18 B16
B29
B52 B7
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
164
Aerial and satellite imagery AERIAL IMAGERY US 115 – US 116
US 115
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 116
U2/B1554-R4R-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY US 115 – US 116
US 115
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 116
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
165
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 115
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4R-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
SATELLITE IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4R-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 116
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
166
US 115 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١١٥
NUMBER ON MAP
US 115 S 156
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
گوندى عبدلعزيز
LOCAL NAME
Gūnd-ĩ ‘Abdal-‘Zĩz
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°28'45"N 43°51'26"E
DMS
0397644, 4037715
UTM 38S
306
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Xārūk
LOCATION. 100 m west of the Greater Zab riverbed and north of a small seasonal stream valley, c. 3.3 km north-west of Xārūk. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site is located between the edge of the terrace overlooking the river, and a small fenced cemetery featuring the grave of a person named ‘Adbal-‘ziz, north of a shallow bed of a minor seasonal stream. AREAS COLLECTED. Not collected – very scarce sherd scatter with no diagnostics observed. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. Most probably a small village of the Late Ottoman/pre-modern period.
IDENTIFICATION car survey 3 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
number of sherds
-
area
0.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
21
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
167
US 115 PHOTO View of the site from the west with the Brĩk Mountains looming in the distance.
Photo by D. Piasecki
Brĩk Mountains
US 115
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
168
US 116 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١١٦
NUMBER ON MAP
US 116 S 175
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
ئاسنى كه مبي ٚ
LOCAL NAME
Āsnê Kambĩ
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°28'18"N 43°51'26"E
DMS
0387619, 4036893
UTM 38S
305
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION
Bardaṟaş
QAZĀ NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Xārūk
IDENTIFICATION car survey 6 October 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
LOCATION. On the tread of the middle terrace of the Greater Zab, between two small seasonal streams, c. 2.9 km north-east of Xārūk village. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site occupies a flat, triangular area delimited by the Greater Zab River on the east, a small seasonal stream on the south and west, and another small seasonal stream on the north. The sherd scatter is much denser in the southern part of the site. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation; a few heaps of stones are present in its southern part. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. Small rural settlement founded during the Sasanian period and continuing into the Early Islamic period, most probably of an agricultural character. Another site from the same period is US 117, located 2.3 km downstream.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 16
17
18
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
12
6
3
area
3.93
3.93
3.93
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
169
US 116 PHOTOS Northern part of US 116. On the right, the valley of the Greater Zab.
Photo by X. Kolińska
Southern part of the site, the fields along the river bank, and the hills on the other side of the river.
Photo by X. Kolińska
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
170
US 116 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.116.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A28
16/8
XVI
A32 A33
15/3
XV
A34 A36
15/3
XV
A37 A38
15/3
XV
A39 A40
15/3
h
th
9.2
0.7-0.9
buff
M s m f.
4.8
2.2
p. brown
M l(s.m) s a.
6.5
0.6
reddish brown
M l(s) s
5.2
1.4
l. greyish green overfired
M l(s.m) l(l) f. s a.
7.0
0.9
6.9
0.8-1.2
decoration
temper
forming treatment
colour
technique
out.: WS
10YR8/3
CMB
out.: WS
5Y8/2
out.: WS in.: ? out.: WS in.: 0
buff
M l(s) f. s
WS
buff p. buff buff
M s a.
10YR8/2
colour
W H (h.)
STM
5Y7.5/2
W H (h.)
10YR8/2
STM
W
out.: WS
2.5Y8/3 lr
GRV
NTW
4.4
0.6
buff
Ms
out.: WS
2.5Y8/2 pr
STM
W
5.7
0.9
beige
M s a. cs f.
out.: WS in.: 0
5Y8/2
CMB
NTW
7.1
0.7-0.9
buff
M l(s.m) s
out.: WS
5Y8/2 lr
STM
W
A41
5.6
0.9
reddish brown
M l(s) s
out.: WS
5Y8/2 lr
CMB
NTW
A44
5.7
1.2
reddish
M l(s.m) s
7.5YR8/4
CMB
NTW
M l(t) fs m
5YR7/6
STM
W
10YR8/3
CMB
W
A45
XV
surface break
XV
6.8
1.2
l. reddish brown buff
out.: WS in.: bitumen out.: WS in.: bitumen
A46
16/8
XVI
5.6
0.7
reddish brown
M l(s) s
A47
16/10
XVI
15.1
1.2
buff
M l(s) s a.
A48
15/3
XV
4.8
0.9
reddish brown
M l(s) s
A49
16/6
XVI
3.3
0.7
reddish brown
M l(s) s
out.: WS
10YR8/3
IMP
W
A50
15/3
XV
7.0
0.8
buff
Ms
out.: WS in.: bitumen
5Y8/2 lr
STM
NTW
XVII
10.1
1.3
p. greenish grey yellowish p. greenish grey
M s a.
WS
5Y8/2 lr
A52
out.: WS out.: deco in.: 0 out.: WS in.: bitumen
5Y8/2
APL
H
10YR8/2
STM
NTW
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
W+H (h.)
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
171
US 116 PL.DF.116.1
0 A38
A36
A48
A37
A49
A40
A33
A41
A46
5 cm
A50
A39
A45
A28
A44
A34
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A52
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A32
A47
The Greater Zab Valley
172
US 116 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.116.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A13
surface break
ø
h
th
60
9.0
2.4
6.5
0.7-0.9
A27
decoration
temper
forming treatment
yellowish green overfired
V (s.m.l) M cs a.
er.
p. green
M l(s.m) s
out.: WS
colour
technique
2.5Y7/3
RSD+IMP
W
5Y8/2
CMB
W+H (h.)
CMB
W+H (h.) W+H
A29
8.7
0.8
p. yellowish grey
Ms
out.: WS
2.5Y8/2
A30
6.3
0.7
p. brown
M l(s) s
out.: WS
5Y8/1 pr
colour
W+H (h.)
A31
3.4
0.8
beige
Ms
er.
5Y8/2
IMP
A42
3.4
0.7
reddish
Ms
0
2.5YR6/6
RBD
A43
5.1
2.4
brick red
Ms
0
2.5YR6/6
A51
7.8
1.0
greenish grey overfired
Ms
deco
2.5Y7.5/2
GRV
W+H (h.)
13.7
0.9
reddish
M l(s) s a.
0
2.5Y8/3 / 7.5YR8/3
CMB
W
A53
16/8
XVI
W W+H (h.)
DECORATED FRAGMENTS NOT ILLUSTRATED dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A35
XV
surface break
h
th
5.2
1.3
forming treatment
reddish brown buff
decoration
temper
M l(s.m) s
WS
colour
technique
2.5Y8/3
RSD+IMP
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
colour
W
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
173
US 116 PL.DF.116.2
5 cm
0 A42
A31
A51
A27
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A53
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A43
A29
A30
A13
The Greater Zab Valley
174
US 116 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.116.1 dimensions
No
A1 A2
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
15/1
A3
XV XV
A4 A5
XVII
A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A14 A16 A17
15/5
XV
XV
surface break
ø
h
th
52 19
4.8 5.4
1.4-1.6 0.9
brown
M s a. M l(s.m.l) s M l(s) s
out.: WS
5Y8/2 lr
W
M (s) s M l(t.s) fs m M l(t.s) s M l(s.m) l(l) f. s
out.: WS WS out.: WS out.: WS out.: WS in.: er. WS out.: WS out.: WS out.: WS WS out.: WS in.: er.
7.5YR8/4 10YR8/3 7.5YR7.5/4 10YR8/3 lr
W W W W
M l(m) l(l) f. s u-brown part.(s.m)
out.: WS
10YR8/3 lr
W
M s u-brown part.(s.m) PG? Ms
out.: WS out.: WS out.: WS in.: ? er.
2.5Y8/2 pr 7.5YR8/2
W W
10YR7.5/4
W
7.5YR7/6
W
21
4.9
1.6
20
5.3
0.4-0.6
12
3.2
0.6
12 9 31 12
4.2 4.3 4.6 3.1
0.4-0.8 0.6-0.8 0.9-1.1 1.0
l. green beige overfired reddish reddish brown reddish brown p. greyish brown
10
5.3
0.9
p. greenish grey
M l(s.m) l(l) f. s
19 32 13 12 18
2.7 5.6 2.4 2.7 4.2
0.7 0.9-1.1 0.7-0.9 0.4 1.0
reddish brown reddish brown buff reddish reddish brown
M l(t.s) s M s a. M l(t.s) s a. M l(s.m) l(l) f. s M l(s) s
reddish brown
M l(t.s) s a. m
2.3
0.9
2.6
0.7-1.0
A21 A22
12 19
3.5 2.9
0.5 0.5
p. reddish brown p. grey reddish brown buff
15
3.4
0.6
buff
M l(s.m) s
12
3.1
0.5
orange brown
Ms
XVII
colour
in.: WS (tt.) out.: WS out.: WS in.: er. WS
12
A26
technique
M cs a. M l(t.s) s a.
10
XVI
colour
brown reddish brown
A19
16/1
forming treatment
A20
A23
decoration
temper
7.5YR7.5/3 7.5YR8/3 10YR8/3 lr
W W IMP (r.)
W
5Y8/2 lr
W
5Y8/2 lr
W
10YR8/3 10YR8/2 10YR8/2 5YR8/3 10YR8/2.5
W W W W W
IMP (r.) INC (r.)
5YR7.5/4
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
A18
9
1.9
0.7
A25
8
3.3
0.9
A15 A24
12 14
2.2 3.1
0.6 0.7-1.0
surface
temper
th
treatment
reddish brown t. cream reddish brown chocolate brown buff
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
M l(s) s
out.: WS
2.5Y8/2
W
= A9
Ms
out.: WS
cream
W
= A9
M l(t.s) l(m) f. s Ms
out.: WS WS
10YR8/2 10YR8/3
W W
= A14 = A19
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
175
US 116 PL.PP.116.1 A1
A12
A5
A11
A10
A8
A22
A16
A17
A26
A23
A2
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A21
A4
A3
A6
A9
A14
A7 A19
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A20
The Greater Zab Valley
176
Aerial and satellite imagery AERIAL IMAGERY US 117 – US 119
US 117 US 118 US 119
US 153
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 152
U2/B1554-R4L-F0415/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
177
Aerial and satellite imagery © 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY US 117 – US 119
US 117
XĀRŪK
US 118
US 119
US 153 US 152
Image processed by J. Mardas
KVRSOR
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
178
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 117
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0415/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
SATELLITE IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0415/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 118
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
179
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0415/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 119
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
180
US 117 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١١٧
NUMBER ON MAP
US 117 S 174
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
٢ ئاسخابه
LOCAL NAME
Āsxāba
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°27'26"N 43°50'16"E
DMS
0395859, 4035290
UTM 38S
298
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Xārūk
IDENTIFICATION car survey 3 October 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
LOCATION. On the middle Zab terrace, overlooking the river, c. 500 m east of Xārūk. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site is flat, with a shallow depression in the centre, and extends along the edge of the Zab terrace. The sherd scatter is quite dense, thinning out c. 100 m from the terrace edge. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.756 ha, B – 0.281 ha, amounting to 44% of the site area. Both areas are located along the limit of the river terrace, separated by a shallow depression, Area A in the south-western part of the site, and Area B in the north-eastern sector. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. A water pit is present in the north-western corner of the site; there are others in the vicinity but outside the site’s limits. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A village occupied from the Neo-Assyrian period to the end of the Parthian period. It is the only site in the Xārūk region where settlement from these periods has been recorded.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 11
12
13
14
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
7
1
4
5
area
1.51
0.75
1.51
1.51
15
16
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
181
US 117 PHOTOS North-eastern part of the site.
Photo by X. Kolińska
Southern part of the site extending to the edge of the cliff over the river.
Photo by X. Kolińska
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
182
US 117 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.117.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A10
14/14
XIV
surface break
23
h
decoration
temper
forming
th
treatment
colour
technique
colour
6.2
0.9
l. yellowish grey
M s a.
0 or er.
5Y8/2 lr
INC+IMP
W
3.6
0.6
l. chocolate
M l(t.s) s
out.: WS
2.5Y8/2
INC
W
6.2
1.2
beige
out.: WS in.: er.
10YR7.5/3
IMP
W
A31
3.2
0.7
l. yellowish green overfired
V (s.m) f. M cs a. V (s.m.l) M l(s.m)?
WS
2.5Y8/3
CMB
W
A32
5.7
0.9
l. greyish brown
M l(t.s) f. fs a.
WS
10YR8/2
RSD
W
reddish
V (s.m) M s f. PG f.
WS
10YR8/4
RSD+IMP
W
M l(s.m.l) s
out.: WS in.: 0
5YR7/6
RSD+IMP
H
M s a.
out.: WS in.: underglaze (tr.)
10YR8/3
INC bitumen
W
M l(s.m.l) f. s a.
0
10YR8/3
IMP
W+H (h.)
M fs a.
deco
?
GLZ+INC
yellow
PNT
5YR6/4
A22 A23
A33
13/7
12/8
XIII
XII
3.4
A34
11.0
A43 A44 A45
13/7
XIII XIII
11
A46 A47
XIII
8
A48 B19 B20 B32 B33
XIII
21
1.0 1.1-1.3
8.0
0.7-1.0
10.2
1.3
3.5
0.6
t. reddish buff buff l. grey overfired reddish brown p. grey overfired reddish brown l. greyish brown
W
13.3
0.7-1.1
M l(s.m) s a.
out.: P in.: 0
3.2
0.4
buff
M l(t.s) fs
WS
10YR8/3
4.8
1.6
t.: l. brown b.+h.: grey
M l(s.m) u-l.grey part.(s.m.l) a.
WS? porous
5YR7/6 / 2.5Y4/1
6.0
0.4-0.6
p. yellow
M s a.
deco
5Y8/3 lr
GLZ
green
W
2.3
0.4
l. reddish brown
M l(t.s) fs
WS
7.5YR8/4
PNT
2.5YR6/6
W
6.0
0.7
buff
V (s.m) Ms
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
CMB
1.4
l. beige / l. reddish brown
M l(t.s) fs
WS
2.5Y8/2
7.8
7.5YR8/4 lr
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
H (h.) W H (h.)
W H (h.)
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
183
US 117
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
PL.DF.117.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
184
US 117 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.117.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
A9
27
4.4
0.6-1.0
A12
20
4.4
1.4
A15
34
5.8
1.6-1.8
A16
20
3.2
0.4
A18
21
3.1
0.6
A21
21
3.3
0.8
A29
32
7.0
0.8
B8
B11 B20
t. l. brown l. grey t. l. brown p. yellow l. reddish brown l. grey bluish grey overfired reddish beige reddish
V (s.m.l)
p. grey
21 17
2.6 1.7
0.6 0.4
XI
21
4.5
0.7
buff
15
2.5
0.5
buff
11/2
XI XIII
19 21
4.4 2.3
0.6 0.4
30
8.1
1.2-1.7
buff l. reddish brown l. reddish brown l. grey l. reddish brown t. l. reddish brown grey t. l. reddish brown reddish brown
B22
11/0
XI
35
7.8
0.9
B23
11/2
XI
25
3.7
0.6
er. out.: WS in.: er.
M l(t.s) s a. cs f.
XIII
B21
out.: WS in.: er.
M l(t.s) s a.
11/1
B10
forming treatment
buff reddish buff beige reddish brown
A39 B6
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
10YR7.5/4
W
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
10YR8/3
H
V (s.m) M l?(s.m.l)
WS
5Y8/2
W
M s a.
WS
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
V (s.m.l) f. M fs
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
M s a.
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
M l(t.s) fs V (s.m) V (s.m.l) M fs V (s.m) M fs V (s.m) M l(t.s) fs
er. WS
10YR8/3 lr 7.5YR8/4
W W
WS
10YR7.5/4
W
WS
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
WS WS
10YR8/3 7.5YR8/4
W W
V (s.m) M l(s.m) s
WS
10YR8/2
V (s.m.l) M fs
WS
7.5YR7/6
W
M fs
WS
10YR8/4 lr
W
PNT
2.5YR6/6
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
B17 B1
11/0
XI
break
dimensions
ø
h
surface
temper
th
treatment
21
2.4
0.5
buff
25
4.7
0.7-0.9
buff
V (s.m) f. V (s.m) M u-grey part. (s.m) s
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
WS
10YR8/3
W
=A21
WS
7.5YR8/4
W
=B22
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
185
US 117 PL.PP.117.1 B11
B23
B22
B8
A12
A16
A21
B10
B6
A39
B20
A9
A18
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY Z. PELON/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A15
B21
A29
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
186
US 117 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.117.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A1 A5 A6
13/13
14/7
ø
h
6.3
0.7-1.1
reddish
12
2.9
0.5-0.7
XIII
20
3.5
0.6
l. reddish brown l. reddish brown l. brown
12
3.6
0.6
l. brown
?
9.8
1.0
l. grey
21
4.9
1.4
XIV
V (s) f. M l(t.s) fs M s a. M s a. cs f. V (s.m) f. M l(t.m.l) s cs f. M s a. PG
18
5.2
0.6
buff p. grey buff buff
20
3.0
0.9
l. reddish brown
M l(s.m) cs a.
18 8 9
2.5 3.2 4.0
0.6 0.4 0.6-0.8
M l(s) l(m.l) f. s M l(t.s) fs M l(t.s) s a.
B12
11
4.1
0.7
B13
20
4.3
0.8
beige buff l. reddish brown p. brown p. grey p. brown t. l. yellow l. yellowish grey t. l. yellow
B15
10
4.0
0.6
buff
23
3.2
0.9
buff
12
4.2
0.5-0.7
A11 A17
14/7
XIV
A25 A35 A47 B5
B34
14/8 13/2
14/14
XIV XIII XIII
XIV
B36 B37 B38
11/8
B39
forming treatment
19
l. reddish brown
21
3.7
0.9
l. reddish brown
XI
18
3.9
0.7
buff
XIII
25
5.1
1.6
reddish brown grey
decoration
temper
th
XIV
A7 A8
surface break
V (s.m) M s cs f. M l(t.s.m) a. s
colour
technique
colour
WS
cream
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS
5YR7/6 lr
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS
5Y8/2
WS
10YR8/3
W
10YR8/3
W
0 out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0 porous WS WS WS
IMP
W
7.5YR8/3
H
2.5Y8/1.5 10YR8/3 2.5Y8/2 lr
W W W
PNT RSD
5YR6/4
V (s.m) M fs?
WS
V (s.m.l) M s?
WS
5Y8/2
WS
10YR8/3
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS
10YR8/4
W
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
out.: WS in.: er.
5YR7/6
W
V (s.m) M fs M c?(m.l) l(s.m) s a. V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) fs Ms V (s.m) M l(t.s) fs M cs a.
2.5Y8/2
W GRV
W W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
B7
XI
h
th
13
2.4
0.7
reddish brown
19
3.3
1.1
reddish brown
A27
14
3.5
0.6
p. yellow
A13
20
3.7
0.7
B2
11
4.6
0.4-0.6
B3
13
3.8
0.4
l. yellow
0.5
t. l. yellow l. reddish t. l. yellow
11
4.0
surface
temper
treatment
B9
B16
11/8
break
dimensions
ø
buff l. greenish yellow
V (s.m.l) V (s.m) M l/c(s.m.l) V (s.m.l) a. M s a. V (s.m.l) M fs V (s.m) f. Ms V (s.m) f. M l(t.s) fs
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
er.
5YR7/6
W
=A11
WS out.: WS in.: er.
2.5Y8/3
W
=B12
WS out.: WS in.: ? WS
=A11
7.5YR8/3
W
=B13
5Y8/2 lr
W
=B36
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
=B36
10YR8/3
W
=B36
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
187
US 117 PL.PP.117.2 B38
A25
B12
A1
A11
B36
B13
B15
A7
A6
B39
B5
A17
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY Z. PELON/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A47
A8
A35
A5
B37
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B34
The Greater Zab Valley
188
US 117 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.117.3 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
A2
10
4.0
0.9
A3
16
2.4
0.6
19
3.5
0.6
23
6.2
0.9
A4 A10
14/14
XIV
forming treatment
t. reddish brown beige t. reddish brown reddish brown reddish beige reddish l. yellowish grey brick red buff
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
M fs
WS
5YR7/6
W
M l(t.s) s cs f.
WS
5YR7/6
W
M l(t.s) fs
WS
10YR8/3 lr
M s a.
0 or er.
5Y8/2 lr
W INC+IMP
W
A19
22
4.2
1.2
M cs a.
WS
A24
14
2.0
0.5
grey
Ms PG
A26
2.5
0.8
0.6
buff
Ms
cream
W
A28
10
3.0
0.3
W
9
2.5
0.9
M fs V (s.m.l) M s f.
10YR8/3 lr
A30
reddish brown buff t. reddish
out.: P in.: porous out.: WS in.: 0 WS WS
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
A36
8
4.0
0.9-1.4
beige
M s cs f.
10YR7/4
W
A37
8.5
2.5
0.4
buff
M l(s.m) f. fs
A38
23
5.7
2.1
l. grey
M s a.
A40
17
4.7
1.1-1.5
t. reddish l. brown
V (s.m) f. M s cs f.
A42
4
1.5
0.3
buff
M l(t.s) fs
A45
13/3
XIII
p. grey overfired l. reddish brown l. reddish brown greyish brown l. reddish brown
11
3.5
0.6
B4
16
5.1
0.9
B28
8
2.2
1.3
B29
11
3.0
1.2
B30
8
3.5
0.8-1.0
beige l. reddish brown
out.: WS in.: bitumen WS out.: WS in.: er. out.: WS in.: er. out.: WS (tt.) in.: 0
5YR8/3
W+H?
10YR6/1.5
W
7.5YR8/4
W
10YR7/2
W+H
7.5YR8/3
?
10YR8/3
W
M fs a.
deco
?
GLZ+INC
M s a.
WS
10YR8/3
RSD
V (s.m.l) M fs
WS
7.5YR8/4
W
7.5YR8/3
W
7.5YR7.5/4
W
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) fs V (s.m) (l) f. Ms
WS WS in.: tt.
yellow
W W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
A14
10
3.5
0.8
B26
6
2.8
0.7-1.0
B14
9
2.4
0.9
surface
temper
treatment
l. brown
M l(s.m.l) s
buff
M s a.
reddish brown
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) fs
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
WS porous out.: WS in.: er.
10YR8/3
W
=A2
10YR8/3
W
=A36
WS
7.5YR8/4
W
=B30
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
189
US 117 PL.PP.117.3 B4
A10
A19
A3
A38
A4
A2
A28
A40
A36
A24
A42
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY Z. PELON/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A26
GLAZED
A30
GLAZED
A45 A37
B30
B29
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B28
The Greater Zab Valley
190
US 118
Contour map: cut 1 m, generated by QGIS (from total station cloud of points). Processed by J. Mardas, drawing by X. Kolińska.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
191
US 118 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١١٨
NUMBER ON MAP
US 118 S 155
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
گۆڕستانى ﺋاسخابه
LOCAL NAME
Goṟstān-ĩ Āsxāba
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION LOCATION. On the middle Zab terrace, at the confluence of a small seasonal stream and the river, c. 280 m east of Xārūk. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site consists of two low hills, one adjacent to the edge of the terrace, and the other in the north-eastern part of the site occupied by a cemetery, as well as flat areas towards the west and north; the latter has yielded very worn sherds. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.087 ha, B – 0.157 ha, C – 0.354 ha, amounting to 76% of the site area. Area A covers a low hill constituting the core of the site, Area B is located in a flat area to the west of it, and Area C lies north of the hill and west of a small fenced cemetery. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. A small cemetery is located in its north-eastern corner, and a water channel runs along the western and northern perimeter of the mounded part of the site. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A small prehistoric settlement featuring LC1-2 and Ninevite 5 sherds. The site was reoccupied during the LBA (Periods 9-10), and then abandoned. The only site in the Xārūk region with prehistoric and Bronze Age settlement.
36°27'25"N 43°50'10"E
DMS
0395709, 4035266
UTM 38S
304
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Xārūk
IDENTIFICATION car survey 6 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 9
10
number of sherds
1
2
3
4 3
5
6 4
7
8
7
20
area
0.78
0.78
0.78
0.78
11
12
13
14
15
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
16
17
18
19
20
21
The Greater Zab Valley
192
US 118 PHOTOS Western part of the site. Ms Joanna Mardas prepares to take measurements. In the background, US 119 and the village of Xārūk. On the other side of the river, the houses of the village of Kvrsor are visible.
Photo by X. Kolińska
Northern and eastern borders of the site.
Photo by X. Kolińska
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
193
US 118 PHOTOS In the foreground, an irrigation channel; in the distance, the hill of the old cemetery.
Photo by D. Piasecki
In the foreground, the eastern part of US 119, and in the background, the western part of US 118.
Photo by D. Piasecki
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
194
US 118 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.118.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A6 B38 B39
h
th
4.8
0.6
4.9 6/2
surface break
VI
1.4-1.6
decoration
temper
forming treatment
l. brown p. grey
M s a.
brown
V (s.m.l) f. M l(t.s) s a.
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: er.
colour
technique
colour
cream
CMB+INC
W
10YR8/2
CMB
W W
2.9
0.5
l. bluish grey
M l(t.s.m)
0
5Y7.5/1
INC
B40
3.3
0.6
p. brown
M l(t.s) fs a.
WS
cream
INC
W
B41
4.3
1.1
p. grey
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
5Y8/1.5 pr
RBD
W
B42
5.6
0.8
l. reddish brown
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) l(l) f.
out.: WS in.: 0
10YR8/3
INC
W
0.8
t. reddish brown reddish t. reddish brown
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m.l)
out.: WS in.: 0
7.5YR8/3
INC
W
1.5
p. brown
V (s) f. M s a.
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
H (h.)
0.8
reddish brown t. grey reddish brown
M s a.
out.: WS in.: 0
5YR8/4
H
B44
4.9
B45 B48
3.4 36
4.2
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
195
US 118 PL.DF.118.1
5 cm
0
B39
B38
B44
B42
B48
B40
A6
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
B45
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B41
The Greater Zab Valley
196
US 118 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.118.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A5 B34
6/5
VI
ø
h
th
28
13.6
1.6-1.9
11
B46 B47
surface break
24
5.2
0.4
4.5
1.3
4.5
0.7
forming treatment
p. grey l. yellowish green greyish green reddish brown greyish brown reddish brown d. reddish brown greyish brown d. brown
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
M l(s.m.l) f. s a.
out.: 0 r.+in.: bitumen
cream
INC+RSD +IMP
W
M fs
0
2.5Y8/3
RBD
W
M s a.
0
7.5YR6/4
H (h.)
M s m a.
out.: WS in.: 0
7.5YR6/3
H
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
197
US 118 PL.DF.118.2
0
5 cm B47
B46
A5
B34
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
0
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
5 cm
The Greater Zab Valley
198
US 118 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.118.1 dimensions
No
B3
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
[10/13]
B4
surface break
ø
h
th
IX
31
7.5
1.0-1.3
IX
33
5.4
1.1
B5
25
2.4
0.5
buff
B6
X
36
6.3
1.4
l. beige
B7
X
46
3.7
1.4
p. brown
29
3.4
1.3
buff buff buff buff buff l. grey buff t. reddish brown black t. reddish brown
B8 B12 B13 B18
X IV X
14? 27 29
3.9 3.3 3.7
0.6 1.0 1.0
B23
X
29
5.0
0.9-1.1
43
3.6
0.8
B26 B31
IV
30
2.4
1.0
p. grey
B33
IV
37
2.0
0.9
reddish brown
X
39
5.7
0.9-1.2
C9
10/13
C12
X
25
3.1
forming treatment
reddish brown buff reddish brown buff l. grey buff
p. brown reddish brown buff reddish brown
0.7
C13
X
36
5.5
1.0
C16
X
22
3.1
0.5-0.7
buff
C19
IX
20
6.3
1.0
p. brown l. reddish brown
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
V (s.m.l) a. M l(t.s)
WS
10YR83
W
V (s.m.l.xl) a.
0
10YR8/3
H
WS
10YR8/3
W
cream
W
V (s.m) f. M l(t.s) s cs f. V (s.m.l) Ms V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) a. M l(t) V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l)
0 or er. WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
WS
7.5YR8/3
NTW
WS out.: WS Ss WS
5Y8/2 lr cream 2.5Y8/2 lr
W NTW W
V (s.m) M l(t.s) s a. m
in.: S? WS
7.5YR8/3
W
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
10YR8/3
NTW
WS
5Y8/2 lr
W
WS
5Y8/2
W
er.
2.5Y8/3 / 5YR7/6
W
WS
5YR7/6 lr
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS? (er.)
2.5Y8/2
W
0
10YR8/2
H
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m) l(l) f. V (s.m.l) a. M l(t) fs? V (s.m.l) M l(t) V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m.l) V (s.m.l) M l(s) f. PG (s.m) f. V (s.m.l) M s cs f. V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m.l) s cs f.
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
surface
temper
th
treatment
C3
X
33
3.8
1.2
l. brown
C6
X
25
3.6
0.9
l. reddish brown
C15
X
21
2.7
0.9
buff
B1
X
31
3.9
0.7
p. brown
B36
X
23
3.9
0.7
B29
X
23
4.3
0.8
B9
IX
39
6.3
1.2-1.5
C2
IX
27
4.0
1.5-1.7
reddish brown l. brown p. brown l. brown l. reddish brown grey l. reddish brown reddish brown buff grey buff reddish brown
V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) M fs V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) l(m.l) f. fs
decoration
colour
technique
forming
er. out.: WS in.: er. er.
10YR8/3
? er.
10YR8/3
W
10YR8/3
W
0
10YR8/3
NTW
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS in.: er.
10YR8/4
W
V (s.m.l) a.
er.
5Y8/2 pr
W
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS in.: 0
5YR7/6 lr
H
V (s.m.l) a. M s f.
er.
10YR8/3
H
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
analogy
colour
= C8
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
199
US 118 PL.PP.118.1 B31
B33
B4
B13
B3
C19
C12
B18
C13
B23
C16
C9
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY Z. PELON/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B12
B7
B8
B5
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B6
B26
The Greater Zab Valley
200
US 118 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.118.2 dimensions
No
A1 A2
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
10/5
X
B2 B11
X
surface break
ø
h
th
46 14
8.9 4.7
1.3 1.1
22
9.4
1.3-1.5
p. grey p. yellowish green l. reddish brown black l. reddish brown
36
4.3
0.8-1.0
9
2.3
0.5
p. greenish grey
buff
B21
45
3.9
1.2
l. brown
B27
18
3.4
1.0
l. reddish brown
B30
17
3.6
0.7
B32
8
4.8
0.8-1.0
11
5.2
0.4
B35
31
4.3
0.8-1.0
B37
16
4.3
0.7
B47
24
4.5
0.7
B48
36
4.2
0.8
C4
9
5.3
1.1
B34
6/5
C7
VI
IX
reddish brown greyish reddish brown d. beige pinkish d. beige l. yellowish green greyish green brown black brown l. grey d. reddish brown greyish brown d. brown reddish brown t. grey reddish brown reddish brown greyish brown reddish brown
26
7.2
1.1-1.4
l. brown
C17
9
2.8
0.5
l. brown
C20
48
6.3
1.6
C25
38
9.3
forming treatment
B14
p. grey
1.9-2.1
reddish brown buff d. grey buff reddish brown
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
M fs a. V (s.m.l)
0 WS
5Y8/2 pr cream
W W
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
10YR8/3
H
er.
10YR8/2
W
er.
5Y8/2 lr
W
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) f. V (s.m) M fs V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m.l)
er.
7.5YR8/3
W
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
NTW
PG? (s.m)
P/B
2.5YR6/4
W
V (s.m.l)
out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
10YR8/2
INC
W
M fs
0
2.5Y8/3
RBD
W
M q(s.m.l) m
P? (er.)
2.5Y4/1
H
V (s.m) M l(s.m) s cs f.
WS
2.5Y8/1
W
M s m a.
out.: WS in.: 0
7.5YR6/3
H
M s a.
out.: WS in.: 0
5YR8/4
H
V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs?
er.
7.5YR8/2
W
WS
2.5Y8/1.5
H
er.
10YR8/3
W
er.
5Y8/1.5
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m.l) f. M l(t.s) s a. V (s.m.l) M l(s) fs V (s.m.l.xl) a.
WS
RSD+IMP
SW?
7.5YR7/4
H
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
A3
17
3.2
0.7
C5
10
3.2
0.9
surface
temper
treatment
l. brown d. grey l. brown p. grey
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
V (s.m.l) M cs f.
er.
2.5Y7/2
H?
=B30
V (s.m) (l) f.
WS
cream
W
=C25
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
201
US 118 PL.PP.118.2 C7
C25
A1
B2
B34
C20
B30
B37
B47
B27
B48
B35
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY Z. PELON/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B11
B21
B32
C17
A2
B14
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
C4
The Greater Zab Valley
202
US 118 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.118.3 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
28
13.6
1.6-1.9
p. grey
M l(s.m.l) f. s a.
2
4.1
0.7-1.0
p. green
B10
24
4.9
1.0
l. brown
B15
20
4.7
0.8
l. reddish brown
V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l) M l(t) s V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) s f.
B16
10
4.4
1.1
A5 A7
10/8
IX-X
B17 B19
X
B24 B49 C1 C8
[8/1]
IX
C10 C14
8
0.9
0.3
buff beige buff p. brown
3.5
2.9
0.5
p. yellowish green
10
3.3
0.5-0.7
36
5.0
2.1
12 6
4.8 4.8
0.5 0.9-1.3
11
2.6
1.0
p. grey
3
6.8
0.8-1.5
reddish brown
19
3.3
0.5-0.7
p. brown
C21
8
3.3
1.1
8 8
4.2 4.5
0.4-0.8 1.3-1.7
C25
38
9.3
1.9-2.1
C26
7
11.7
2.3-2.7
6/6
X
treatment
C18
C22 C24
10/3
VI X?
forming
th
reddish brown greyish brown reddish brown p. brown p. green l. brown greyish brown l. brown
buff p. greyish green l. greyish green reddish brown buff d. grey buff reddish brown p. brown / l. yellow p. brown l. yellow
decoration
temper
out.: 0 in.: bitumen out.: WS WS Ss
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) fs m M l(t) fs V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) V (s.m) l(l) f. M fs
colour
technique
cream
INC+RSD +IMP
W
INC
W
RSD
W
5Y8/2 lr cream
W
WS
2.5Y8/2
in.: WS (tt.)
10YR8/2
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
WS
5Y8/2
W
WS
5Y8/2 lr
W
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m)
er.
10YR8/3
V (s.m) (l) f. V (s.m.l.xl)
WS out.: WS
2.5Y8/2 lr 2.5Y8/2 lr
V (s.m.l)
er.
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) f. s V (s.m) M l(t.s) s a. V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m) fs V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l)
colour
W
NTW PNT
2.5YR5/2
W W
10YR8/2
W
out.: WS
7.5YR8/3
W
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
er.
10YR8/3
?
5Y8/2 5Y8/2
W W
out.: WS 0
V (s.m.l.xl) a.
WS
7.5YR7/4
H
V (s.m.l) a.
er.
2.5Y8/3 lr
W?
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
treatment
B22
9
2.4
1.1
p. brown
A4
12
2.6
1.8
l. reddish brown
11
4.3
1.5
greyish brown reddish brown
C23
VI
surface
temper
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m) (l) f. M l(t.s.m) l(l) f. fs
WS out.: WS in.: er.
10YR8/3 pr
W
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
=C10
V (s.m.l) a.
in.: WS
10YR8/3
NTW
=C21
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
=C8
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203
US 118 PL.PP.118.3 A5 C1
B24
C18
B10
B49
B15
C14 C22
A7
C24 C21
B19
B16
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY Z. PELON/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
C25
C10
C26
B17
C8
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
204
US 119
Contour map: cut 1 m, generated by QGIS (from total station cloud of points). Processed by J. Mardas, drawing by X. Kolińska.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
205
US 119 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١١٩
NUMBER ON MAP
US 119 S 144
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
خرابى خاروك
LOCAL NAME
Xrāb-ĩ Xārūk
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
on the top of a hill on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°27'23"N 43°50'00"E
DMS
0395463, 4035215
UTM 38S
303
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Xārūk
IDENTIFICATION
LOCATION. On the middle Zab terrace, overlooking the river, c. 75 m east of Xārūk. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site is flat and extends along the terrace edge. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.101 ha, amounting to 38% of the site area. It is located close to the edge of the terrace, in an area where sherd density was higher. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A small settlement of the Late Sasanian period, probably partially covered with the houses of Xārūk village. The same period was recorded at the much larger site located c. 3.15 km upstream – US 116.
car survey 6 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
number of sherds
4
area
1.0
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
The Greater Zab Valley
206
US 119 PHOTOS Eastern border of US 119 with US 118 visible in the background. On the right, the valley of the Greater Zab.
Photo by X. Kolińska
South-western part of the site. In the background, the buildings of the village of Xārūk.
Photo by X. Kolińska
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
207
US 119 PHOTOS Northern part of the site. On the left, the buildings of the village of Kvrsor and sites US 151-US 153.
Photo by D. Piaseceki
The site seen from the north. The hills across the Greater Zab in the background.
Photo by D. Piaseceki
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
208
US 119 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.119.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
A7
5.2
1.4
A8
9.3
0.8-1.1
A9
2.9
0.6
A11
decoration
temper
forming treatment
colour
technique
colour
l. greenish brown
V (s.m) f. M s a.
WS
5Y8/2 lr
p. grey
M s a.
out.: WS in.: er.
5Y8/2 pr
IMP
W
reddish brown buff
M l(s.m) s
out.: WS
7.5YR8/3
INC
W
H (h.)
5.5
0.7
p. greenish grey
M l(t.s) s a.
out.: WS? er.
5Y8/2
INC
W
16/7
XVI
4.5
1.0
p. greenish
M l(s.m) s
out.: WS
cream
CMB
W
2.8
0.5
p. green
M l(s.m) s
WS
cream
INC
W
A14
16/8
XVI
6.2
1.1
reddish buff
M l(s.m) a. l(l) f. cs a.
out.: WS
7.5YR8/3 lr
INC
W
A15
16/8
XVI
3.1
0.6
buff
M l(t.s) s a.
out.: WS
10YR8/3
CMB
W
4.4
1.2
p. grey
M l(s.m) cs a.
out.: WS
5Y8/2 pr
INC
W
cream
CMB
A12 A13
A16
8.2
0.6
p. greenish
M l(s.m) s a.
out.: WS
A18
A17
16/7
XVI
4.1
1.4
reddish brown
M l(t.s) fs a.
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
W+H (h.)
A19
4.1
02.kwi
p. brown
M l(s.m) s a.
er.
2.5Y8/2 lr
W+H (h.)
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
W+H (h.)
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
209
US 119 PL.DF.119.1
0 A15
A12
A7
A14
A17
A19
A18
A9
A16
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A13
5 cm
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A11
A8
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210
US 119 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.119.1 dimensions
No
A1
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
25
3.6
0.8
A2
10
3.4
0.5
A3
14
6.0
1.4-1.6
A4
10
3.1
0.5
A5
39
3.9
1.4
A6
60
4.5
1.9-2.4
forming treatment
l. brown black reddish brown buff l. reddish brown l. greyish brown l. brown l. grey l. brown l. grey l. brown l. grey t. reddish brown brown
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
M l(s.m) a. l(l) f.
er.
M l(t.s) s a.
out.: WS in.: er.
10YR8/3
NTW
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
2.5Y8/2 pr 10YR8/2
W H
M s a.
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
V (s.m.l) M cs
WS (tt.)
2.5Y7/1
H
M cs a. m
WS? (er.)
10YR8/2 lr
SW?
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
211
US 119 PL.PP.119.1
A5
A6
A4
A2
A3
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY Z. PELON/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
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212
Aerial and satellite imagery AERIAL IMAGERY US 120, US 149 – US 150
US 120
US 150
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 149
U2/B1554-R4L-F0415/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY US 120, US 149 – US 150
US 120
US 150
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 149
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
213
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0415/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 120
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
214
US 120
Contour map: cut 1 m, generated by QGIS (from total station cloud of points). Processed by J. Mardas, drawing by X. Kolińska.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
215
US 120 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٢٠
NUMBER ON MAP
US 120 S 146
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
كه ور كاالن
LOCAL NAME
Kaūr Kālān
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°27'15"N 43°47'53"E
DMS
0392307, 4035016
UTM 38S
373
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Xārūk
IDENTIFICATION car survey 30 August 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Koliński, R., An Archaeological Reconnaissance in the Greater Zab Area of the Iraqi Kurdistan (UGZAR) 2012-2015, In: Horejs B., Ch. Schwall, V., Müller, M. Luciani, M. Ritter, M. Guidetti, R.B. Salisbury, F. Höflmayer, T. Bürge, eds., Proceedings of the 10th ICAANE, April 25th29th, Vienna, Harrassowitz 2018. Vol. 2, p. 17. Ławecka, D., Newcomers and autochthons. Preliminary report on the 2014–2015 survey in the Kurdistan Autonomous Region, Iraq. Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 25, pp. 511-519.
LOCATION. On the upper Zab terrace, 2.6 km west of Xārūk and c. 2.5 km north of Dālarê. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site occupies a narrow ridge sloping towards the river, limited by deep ravines on the north and south. However, a narrow but gentle path allows one easily to reach the riverbed below. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.132 ha, B – 0.279 ha, amounting to 88% of the site area. Area A is located on the southern slope of the site, and Area B on the ridge descending towards the river. Several sherds collected from the whole site in 2016 were labelled as coming from Area C. DAMAGES. The site is prone to rain and wind erosion. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A small site occupied exclusively during the LC3-5 period, featuring both northern and southern pottery forms as well as numerous clay cones. Its location on the high right bank of the Greater Zab just 1.25 km west of US 150, which lies on the left bank and represents only southern variants of LC3-5 pottery, suggests that both sites were closely related, with US 120 likely serving as a contact point with contemporary communities of northern LC3-5 culture. It should be stressed that southern pottery is extremely rare on other sites of this period located west of the Greater Zab (Ławecka 2016, 514-518).
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 1
2
3
4
5
number of sherds
58
area
0.47
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
16
17
18
19
20
21
The Greater Zab Valley
216
US 120 PHOTO Bird’s-eye view of US 120 (Kaūr Kālān) from the north-west.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
217
US 120 Photo by J. Mardas
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
218
US 120 PHOTO US 120 seen from the Greater Zab.
Photo by J. Mardas
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
219
US 120 PHOTOS US 120 in relation to US 150, destroyed in 2015, and US 149 (Grd-ĩ ‘Alĩ Āḡā).
Photo by J. Mardas
US 149 in the foreground; on the left, US 120 on the other side of the river and on the right, US 150.
Photo by J. Mardas
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
220
US 120 MISCELLANEOUS FINDS ON PL.MF.120.1 FIELD NUMBER A21 A22 A23 A24 A25 A26 A51 A52 A53 A54 B47 C1
TYPE cone cone cone cone cone cone cone cone cone cone pierced disc blade
MATERIAL terracotta terracotta terracotta terracotta terracotta terracotta terracotta terracotta terracotta terracotta terracotta chert
DIMENSIONS (cm) 4.2, ø3.0 6.5, ø2.7 5.4, ø1.9 5.6, ø2.0 4.5, ø1.5 4.8, ø1.8 4.5, ø1.5 5.6, ø1.9 3.8, ø1.6 4.0, ø2.2 ø5.5, 0.9, hole ø1.0 3.9 x 2.0 x 0.8
PRESERVATION head fragment central fragment central fragment central fragment tip fragment central fragment tip fragment central fragment central fragment central fragment 1/2 preserved medial fragment
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
221
US 120 PL.MF.120.1
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A54
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
222
US 120 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.120.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A27
V
B14 B39 B48
5a/1
V
surface break
ca. 17
h
th
n.d.
n.d.
n.d.
n.d.
c8.5
0.8-1.1
3.5
0.7
forming treatment
n.d. reddish brown grey reddish brown reddish buff reddish t. reddish brown buff t. reddish brown
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
n.d.
n.d.
n.d.
n.d.
H
V (s.m) M l(t.s) s
WS?
7.5YR7.5/4
INC
?
V (s.m.l.xl) M l(s.m.l.xl)
out.: 0 in.: WS
V (s.m) f. M s a.
er.
7.5YR8/4
M
5YR7/6
H (h.)
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
223
US 120 PL.DF.120.1
0
5 cm B39
B48
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
B14
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A27
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224
US 120 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.120.1 dimensions
No
A1
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
5a/1
V
5a/1
V
h
th
ca. 13
c7.2
0.7-1.1
buff
14
4.2
1.1-1.4
p. brown buff grey buff l. reddish brown
ca. 20
c7.9
1.2-1.8
14
4.7
1.2
A28
A31
5b/14
V
?
5.3
1.1
A33
V
ca. 50
6.0
1.5
A34+B26
V
ca. 13
c5.5
0.9
A40
38
c11.5
2.2-3.0
B25
16
4.6
1.0-1.5
B39
5a/1
V
ca. 17
c8.5
0.8-1.1
B40
5a/1
V
ca. 19
c8.0
1.1-1.4
B41
5a/1
V
ca. 16
c7.5
0.8-1.1
B42
5a/1
V
ca. 13
c7.0
0.9
C14
?
C23
6.4
25
2.4
8.3
0.8-2.0
decoration
temper
ø
A6 A17
surface break
forming treatment
l. reddish brown reddish l. brown grey l. brown reddish l. reddish brown greyish brown l. reddish brown buff l. brown d. grey l. greyish brown l. reddish brown grey l. brown reddish buff reddish l. brown b.: l. beige core reddish brown grey reddish brown t. l. reddish brown p. beige t. l. reddish brown l. reddish brown l. greyish brown l. reddish brown l. brown b.: l. grey core
V (s.m.l) (xl) f. Ms V (s.m.l.xl) a.
out.: 0 in.: er. er.
V (s.m.l.xl) a. M l(t.s) s f.
colour
technique
colour
7.5YR8/4
M
2.5Y8/3
H
0
10YR8/3
M
V (s.m.l.xl) M l(t) fs
er.
7.5YR7/6
H
V (s.m) PG (s.m.l)
er.
5YR7/6
NTW er.
V (s.m.l.xl) a. M l(t) s
out.: er. in.: WS
7.5YR8/3 lr
SW? er.
V (s.m.l) a.
er.
5YR7/6 lr
H
V (s.m.l.xl) M l(t) fs?
er.
10YR8/4
H
V (s.m.l.xl) a. M l(s.m.l) f.
WS? er.
7.5YR6.5/6
H
V (s.m.l.xl) M l(s.m.l.xl)
out.: 0 in.: WS
7.5YR8/4
M
V (s.m.l)
0
10YR8/3
M
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l.xl)
out.: 0 in.: WS
5YR7/6
M
V (s.m.l.xl) M l(t.s.m.l.xl)
0
10YR8/3
M
V (s.m.l) a. M l(t.s) fs a.
0
5YR6/5
H
V (s.m.l) f. M l(s.m.l.xl) a. cs
0
10YR8/2
H
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A18
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
5a/1
V
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
ca. 20
c7.6
0.7-1.0
B15
5a/1
V
ca. 15
c7.0
1.0-1.2
B37
5a/1
V
ca. 15
c7.4
0.8-1.1
A30
V
13
4.6
1.0
B8
ca. 14
5.8
1.8
C17
25
4.8
1.9
A8
?
6.1
1.6
B29
39
5.6
1.3
?
4.7
1.0
B43
C4 5a/1
V
ca. 17
5.9
1.0-1.4
B46
5a/1
V
ca. 18
6.8
0.8-1.0
A29
5a/1
V
ca. 14
6.7
0.8
B16
5a/1
V
ca. 17
6.0
1.0-1.2
B38
5a/1
V
ca. 21
6.1
1.1-1.4
B44
5a/1
V
ca. 18
c9.5
0.8-1.1
surface
temper
treatment
l. reddish brown t. reddish brown buff greyish buff t. reddish brown t. reddish brown buff t. reddish brown l. orange brown l. brown l. orange brown p. greyish brown p. buff d. buff p. orange brown d. grey p. brown l. reddish brown buff d. grey buff reddish yellowish green overfired yellowish green overfired yellowish green bluish grey yellowish green overfired n.d. l. brown l. beige l. brown reddish brown grey reddish brown
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
V (s.m.l.xl) M l(t) fs
0
7.5YR8/4
M
=A17
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) l(m.l) f.
0
5YR7/6
M
=A17
V (s.m.l.xl) M s f.
out.: 0 in.: WS
5YR7/6 lr
M
=A17
V (s.m.l) M l(t) l(m.l) f. fs
out.: WS in.: 0
7.5YR8/4
H
=A28
0
2.5Y8/2
H
=A40
er.
7.5YR8/3
H
=A40
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: 0 in.: er.
7.5YR8/4
H
=B25
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
10YR8/3 pr
W
=B25
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) l(m) f. fs
er.
10YR8/2.5
H
=B25
2.5Y8/3
M
=B39
5Y8/3
M
=B39
2.5Y8/3
M
=B41
V (s.m.l) a. M cs V (s.m.l) a. M cs a.
V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l.xl) M l(t) fs
out.: 0 in.: WS out.: 0 in.: WS 0
n.d.
n.d.
n.d.
M
=B41
V (s.m.l)
out.: 0 in.: WS
7.5YR8/4
M
=B41
V (s.m.l) M l(m.l.xl)
out.: 0 in.: WS
5YR7/6
M
=B41
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
225
US 120 PL.PP.120.1
B40
B39
B42
B41
A17
A34+B26
A1
A28
A40
C14
B25
A31
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY Z. PELON/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
C23
A6
A33
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
226
US 120 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.120.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
ca. 34
3.9
1.2-1.5
44
3.3
2.1
52
8.5
1.2-1.5
ca. 47
3.8
1.6
V
33
7.5
0.9-1.3
B22
V
39
c5.3
1.4
B23
V
30
6.4
1.1
B30
ca. 60
7.3
1.8
B34
34
3.2
0.9
30
3.0
1.0
A7
5b/4
V
A37 A50
5b/4
V
B4
B21
5b/4
C3
V
decoration
temper
forming treatment
p. greyish brown l. grey p. greyish brown l. reddish brown grey l. reddish brown buff grey buff reddish brown l. brown t. grey l. brown reddish brown buff grey buff t. l. reddish brown t. l. brown d. grey t. l. brown t. l. reddish brown buff l. grey buff t. l. brown d. grey t. l. brown t. reddish brown buff l. grey buff t. reddish brown buff grey buff
colour
technique
colour
V (s.m.l) a. M f f. pebbles f.
out.: 0/er. in.: WS
5Y8/1
H
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) f. s
out.: WS in.: er.
10YR8/3
W+SW
V (s.m.l.xl) a. M l(l.xl) f.
WS
7.5YR8/4
H or SW?
V (s.m.l.xl) a. Ms
0
5YR7/6
H
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
10YR8/3
H + SW (r.)
V (s.m.l) Ms PG?(s.m.l)
WS?
5YR7/6
er. W (r.)
V (s.m.l.xl) M l(t.s) s a. cs f. m
WS
5YR7/6 lr
H?+SW
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
10YR8/3 pr
H
V (s.m.l) a. M l(t.s) l(m.l) f.
WS
7.5YR7.5/4
W? SW?
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) f.
er.
5YR7/6 / 2.5Y7.5/2
H? er.
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø
h
th
A35
5b/4
V
28
3.3
0.7
A20
5b/4
V
29
2.6
0.7
B33
break
dimensions
?
7.0
1.6
surface
temper
treatment
p. brown d. grey reddish brown l. brown l. greyish brown l. brown t. l. brown black t. l. brown
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
5YR7/6 / 10YR8/3 lr
? er.
=B21
out.: er. in.: WS
7.5YR8/5
NTW
=B23
out.: er. in.: WS
10YR8/3
H
=B30
V (s.m) a. (l) f.
WS
V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l.xl) a.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
227
US 120 PL.PP.120.2 B23
B21
B30
C3
B34
A7
A50
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY Z. PELON/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B4
A37
B22
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
228
US 120 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.120.3 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A16 A41 A43
5a/6 5b/11
V V
A46
surface break
ø
h
th
ca. 19
11.6
2.9-3.5
22 17
3.7 6.1
0.6-1.1
t. buff grey t. buff
V (s.m.l.xl) a. M l(s.m.l) f. s cs f.
p. brown
V (s.m.l) M l(t) s
out.: WS
t. l. reddish brown beige t. l. reddish brown
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) s a.
out.: WS in.: 0
ca. 60
10.0
2.3
reddish brown
A49
V
10
5.2
0.5
buff
B2
V
ca. 60
12.7
2.0
ca. 37
3.5
1.6
B12
B20 C1
V
forming treatment
1.1
8.5
1.6
11
3.0
0.8-1.0
0
V (s.m.l.xl) M l(t.s) s f. V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) s
l. brown pinkish brown l. brown t. reddish buff grey buff t. reddish
ca. 26
decoration
temper
reddish brown p. chocolate brown
colour
technique
colour
10YR8/3 / 7.5YR8/4
H
10YR8/4
H+ SW? er.
5YR8/3.5
H
0/er.
10YR8/3 lr / 5YR7/6
H
WS
10YR8/3 lr
W
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) s
WS
2.5Y8/2
H+SW (r.)
V (s.m.l) a.
er.
5YR7/6
? er.
7.5YR8/4 lr
H (SW?)
5Y8/2 pr
H+W(r.)
V (s.m.l.xl) a. M l(t.s) l(m.l) f. V (s.m) f. M l(s) fs
WS out.: WS
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED
N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
B5
A38
V
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
?
7.4
3.0
27
2.3
1.2
A47
V
21
3.5
1.0
C10
V
13
1.2
0.6
B19
ca. 19
3.2
1.3
B28
15
4.4
1.2-1.5
surface
temper
treatment
buff brown greyish brown brown buff t. p. reddish brown l. beige reddish brown greyish brown reddish brown t. l. reddish brown greyish brown t. l. reddish brown buff l. grey buff t. reddish brown t. reddish brown buff l. grey buff t. reddish brown
V (s.m.l.xl) a.
0
V (s.m) M l(t.s) s V (s.m) M l(t.s.m) s a.
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
5YR7/6
H
=A16
WS
7.5YR8/4 lr
W+SW
=A41
WS
5YR7/6
W
=A41
M cs a.
er.
10YR6/3
H
=A43
V (s.m.l) M l(t) s?
er.
5YR6/6
H
=B20
V (s.m.l.xl) a. M l(t.s.m)
WS
5YR7/6 / 10YR8/3
H
=B20
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
229
US 120 PL.PP.120.3
A46
A16
B20
B2
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY Z. PELON/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B12
A43
A41
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A49
C1
The Greater Zab Valley
230
US 120 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.120.4 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A5
A10
5a/1
V
A19
A42
V
A44
surface break
ø
h
th
ca. 27
3.8
3.7
ca. 11
7.6
1.2-1.4
3.0
0.7
24
4.0
1.1
?
7.6
1.8-2.7
A48
5a/6
V
30
6.0
1.1-1.5
B1
5a/6
V
ca. 20
7.0
0.9-1.4
B9
18
2.7
0.9
B10
12
3.0
1.3
B18
?
3.0
1.7
B24
V
24
3.1
1.3
B27
V
14
3.8
0.7-0.9
13
5.7
1.1
28
12.0
1.8
B32 B35
5b/1
C5
V V
n.d.
6.2
forming treatment
7
0.8
l. reddish brown l. brown d. grey l. brown l. reddish brown buff grey buff p. reddish brown l. beige buff l. pinkish brown p. grey l. pinkish brown buff t. l. reddish brown greyish brown l. reddish brown l. brown grey l. brown p. yellow pinkish beige p. yellow p. greyish brown p. reddish brown pinkish beige p. brown t. reddish brown l. greyish brown t. reddish brown buff buff greyish buff reddish brown grey reddish brown t. reddish brown d. grey t. buff buff
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
V (s.m.l) M s cs f.
er.
5YR7/6 lr
H
V (s.m.l.xl) a.
out.: 0 in.: er.
7.5YR8/4
M
V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs
out.: er. in.: WS
7.5YR8/4
W
V (s.m) M l(t) fs
er.
7.5YR8/4
V (s.m.l) a
out.: 0 in.: WS
5YR7/6
H
V (s.m.l) M l(t) s a.
out.: WS in.: er.
10YR8/3
H+SW? er.
V (s.m.l) M s f.
WS
2.5Y8/2
H+SW?
WS
10YR8/2.5
W
WS
10YR8/2.5
W? er.
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l.xl) s cs f. V (s.m.l) f. M l(s.m.l) s
IMP
NTW er.
V (s.m.l.xl) M l(t)
er.
5YR7/6
H
M l(s.m.l) s a.
WS
10YR8/3
W
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m) f. s
out.: WS in.: er.
7.5YR8/3
H+SW (r.)
V (s.m) f. M s a. m
out.: WS in.: er.
5YR6/6
W?
V (s.m.l) a.
WS? er.
7.5YR8/4
H+SW
V (s.m.l) f. M l(s.m.l) s
er.
7.5YR8/3
NTW
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø
h
th
A11
5a/1
V
ca. 11
7.0
0.8-1.2
A12
5a/1
V
ca. 10
2.5
1.5
A13
5a/1
V
ca. 11
2.5
1.3
A14
5a/1
V
ca. 11
3.2
1.4
A15
5a/1
V
ca. 9
6.0
1.2
B36
5a/1
V
ca. 8
3.0
1.1
B45
5a/1
V
ca. 8
5.3
1.0-1.4
A32
5a/6
V
23
1.8
0.8
B31 A39
5a/6
surface
temper
treatment
t. p. brown p. reddish brown t. p. brown t. reddish brown buff l. grey t. p. brown reddish brown l. grey reddish brown reddish buff reddish l. reddish brown grey l. reddish brown reddish brown buff reddish brown buff l. grey buff l. pinkish brown greyish brown l. pinkish brown
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs?
0
7.5YR8/5
M
=A10
V (s.m.l) M fs?
0
5YR8/4
M
=A10
V (s.m.l) M l(t) l(l) f. fs?
0/er.
5YR7/6 / 7.5YR8/4
M
=A10
V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs?
0
5YR7/8
M
=A10
V (s.m.l.xl) M l(t.s) f. fs
out.: 0 in.: WS
5YR7/6 lr / 7.5YR8/4
M
=A10
V (s.m.l) M s f. cs f.
0
5YR7/6
M
=A10
V (s.m.l.xl)
0
7.5YR8/3
M
=A10
V (s.m) f. M l(t.s) fs
W
=A42
WS
7.5YR8/4
V
8
1.4
0.8
l. orange brown
V (s.m) f. M l(t) s
WS
7.5YR8/3 lr
W
=A42
V
37
5
1.2-1.6
l. reddish brown greyish brown l. reddish brown
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m.l) cs a.
WS
7.5YR8/4
H+SW?
=A48
buff
V (s.m) M fs
er.
2.5YR6/8
W?
=B1
V (s.m.l) a. M l(t)
er.
5YR7/6
H
=B18
V (s.m) M l(t) fs
WS
5Y8/2 lr
H+ SW?
=B27
A4
14
B3 A36
break
dimensions
? V
13
1.7 5.2 3.2
1.1 1.9 1.1
buff l. beige buff l. yellowish green overfired
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Bsmĩrān and Dālarê
231
US 120 PL.PP.120.4 B27
C5
A42
B1
B10
A48
B24
A44
B35
B9
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY Z. PELON/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A10
B32
B18
A5 A19
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
THE GREATER ZAB VALLEY SOUTHERN PART OF THE RIGHT BANK
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
234
Map drawn by X. Kolińska
The Greater Zab Valley. Southern part of the right bank
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Hancĩrūk Nūê
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
235
The Greater Zab Valley
236
The Greater Zab Valley. Southern part of the right bank
Image processed by J. Mardas
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Hancĩrūk Nūê
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
237
Imagery generated by J. Mardas
© 2020 Microsoft Corporation, © HERE
SATELLITE IMAGERY. BETWEEN US 121 AND US 133
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
THE RIGHT BANK BETWEEN DĀLARÊ AND BANÊNĀN
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The Greater Zab Valley
240
Aerial and satellite imagery AERIAL IMAGERY US 121 – US 123 US 146
US 121
US 122
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 123
U2/B1554-R4L-F0415/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
241
Aerial and satellite imagery © 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY US 121 – US 123
US 146
DĀLARÊ
US 121
US 122
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 123
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
242
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 121
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
SATELLITE IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 122
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
243
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 123
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
244
US 121
Contour map: cut 1 m, generated by QGIS (from total station cloud of points). Processed by J. Mardas, drawing by X. Kolińska.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
245
US 121 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٢١
NUMBER ON MAP
US 121 S 147
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
گۆڕستانى داله رێ
LOCAL NAME
Goṟstān-ĩ Dālarê
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION 36°25'17"N 43°48'30"E 0393177, 4031372
UTM 38S
298
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Dālarê
IDENTIFICATION interview 2 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 2
3
4
B
C
D
on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION
DMS
1
A
large river valley
5
6
7
8
9
10
LOCATION. On the middle Zab terrace, between Dālarê and a large seasonal stream limiting it on the south, c. 100 m south of the village. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site is mostly flat, but features two elevations: a lower one, possibly natural, in the south, and a higher one in the north. The latter is entirely occupied by a modern cemetery. According to the villagers, a complete pot, now lost, was found when digging a grave there. A large concentration of small pottery sherds was observed to the south and east of the cemetery. The eroded terrace face displays the presence of a cultural layer, approximately 1 m thick. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.34 ha, B – 0.184 ha, C – 0.376 ha, D – 0.096 ha, amounting to 24% of the site area. Area A is located on the southernmost part of the site, south of a modern irrigation structure; Area B lies to the north of it along the western limit of the site. Areas C and D are located in the northern part of the site, on the northern and southern sides of a low hill entirely covered by a modern cemetery. DAMAGES. The mounded part of the site is covered by a modern cemetery. The remaining part is under cultivation. A water channel runs along the southern perimeter of the cemetery mound. A similar installation is present in the southern part of the site. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. The site was occupied during the Mitanni period and the Early Iron age. Period 9 sherds were found at various sectors of the site, but their density is low. It is worth mentioning that another intensively occupied site from this period is US 147, lying across the Greater Zab. The site was re-settled in the Neo-Assyrian period, and it seems that the village occupied mainly the southern part of the site, where most of the sherds assigned to this period (as well as a single Post-Assyrian sherd) were found. The settlement grew to encompass the site’s full extent again in the Hellenistic and Parthian eras, possibly because it controlled a river crossing, connected with the area immediately south of the confluence of the Bāstora Çāĩ and the Greater Zab. 11
12
13
14
number of sherds
3
9
2
6
6
area
4.21
4.21
1.30
4.21
4.21
15
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
16
17
18
19
20
21
The Greater Zab Valley
246
US 121 PHOTOS View of the site from the west with the old cemetery in the foreground. In the distance, the village of Crd Māmāk is visible on the other side of the Greater Zab.
Tombstones in the old cemetery.
Photo by D. Piasecki
Photo by D. Piasecki
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
247
US 121 PHOTOS Decorated tombstones.
Photo by D. Piasecki
Southern part of the site.
Photo by D. Piasecki
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The Greater Zab Valley
248
US 121 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.121.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
decoration
temper
forming
h
th
A2
7.5
0.9
buff
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m)
out.: WS Ss
A3
2.0
0.9
p. yellow
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
A44
4.2
2.0
reddish brown
M l(s.m.l) cs a.
WS
7.5YR5/1
H (h.)
B15
3.0
1.1
p. green
V (s.m)
WS
5YR8/4
H (h.)
1.0
t. l. brown black t. l. brown
M m(s.m.l) a.
er.
7.5YR7/3
W+H (h.)
WS?
7.5YR8/4
WS
10YR8/3
PNT
2.5YR6/6
10YR8/3
PNT?
5YR7/6
10YR8/2
INC+CMB
W
5Y7.5/2
INC
W
B28
12
3.3
treatment
4.9
1.9
brown
V (s.m) M l(t) f. s f.
2.4
0.4
buff
M fs?
C6
2.8
0.5
buff
M l(t.s) s m f.
D2
3.5
0.5
yellowish brown
0
11.6
1.0-1.4
greyish green overfired
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l.xl)
B29 B30
D7
13/1
11/8
XIII
XI
10
16
out.: P in.: WS out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS
colour
technique
2.5Y8/2 pr
CMB
5Y8/2 pr
INC
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
colour
W W
H (h.) W W
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
249
US 121 PL.DF.121.1
0
5 cm A2
D7
0
5 cm C6
B15
B30
A3
B28
D2
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
B29
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A44
The Greater Zab Valley
250
US 121 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.121.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø
A4 A43
surface break
12
h
th
4.9
0.8
6.5
1.0
B1
ca. 4.5
1.2
B2
7.6
1.3
7.3
0.8-1.0
9.0
ca. 1.0
B3 B20
14/15
XIV
16
forming treatment
t. yellowish green greyish green t. yellowish green overfired reddish brown beige buff brick red buff l. reddish beige brick red buff brick red buff
decoration
temper
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l)
out.: WS in.: 0
colour
technique
5Y7/2
INC
5YR8/4 / 7.5YR8/3
colour
W
M cs a. m
WS porous
M l(s.m.l) cs a.
out.: WS in.: er.
2.5Y8/2
RSD+IMP
W? er.
M s a.
out.: WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
RSD+IMP
H? er.
PG (s.m) a.
out.: WS
7.5YR8/2
INC+CMB
W
M l(t.s) a. l(m) f. s a.
out.: WS
5Y8/2 pr
INC
W
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
W+H (h.)
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
251
US 121 PL.DF.121.2
0
B1
A4
5 cm B2
B3
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A43
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B20
The Greater Zab Valley
252
US 121 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.121.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
treatment
5
1.5
0.4
buff
A7
17
2.2
0.3
l. yellowish green buff reddish buff l. grey d. grey l. grey d. buff buff p. brown p. grey p. brown buff buff t. reddish l. brown t. reddish
A8
11/1
XI
21
3.9
0.6
A14
11/1
XI
18
3.8
0.6
22 22
3.0 3.5
1.0 0.6
24
3.4
0.7
A34 A35
31 24
2.4 2.1
0.5 0.6
A36
45
4.9
1.3
A20 A26 A29
11/2
XI
A37 B12 B13 B16 B30
12/6
13/1
21
3.4
0.8
buff
XII
28
5.5
1.0
l. brown
XIII
14 12 10
3.5 2.6 2.4
1.3 0.5 0.4
20
6.0
1.3
5.3 2.7 2.5
1.3 0.6 0.7
l. brown p. grey buff buff reddish buff l. grey buff p. brown l. greenish l. yellow
C3 C8 C9 C12
14/8 13/1
XIV XIII
37 21 20
C14
11/12
XI
forming
th
A6
28
4.2
0.8
D1
43
6.3
1.0
D4
25
5.6
0.8-1.2
grey reddish brown
decoration
temper
V (s.m) f. M fs M fs?
WS 0
colour
technique
colour
10YR8/2 lr
W
5Y8/2
W
7.5YR7.5/4
W
V (s.m) f. M l(t)
WS
V (s.m) M l(s.m) fs
WS?
2.5Y7/1
W
M l(t.s.m) fs m M l(t) s a.
WS WS
10YR8/3 7.5YR8/3
W W
V (s.m) M l(s) fs?
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
M l(t.s) s M l(t) s
WS WS
10YR8/3 10YR8/3
W H
M l(t) s a. cs m
WS
5YR7/6 lr
W
WS
10YR8/2.5
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) fs V (s.m.l) f. M l(t.s) s cs f. m V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) s M fs?
out.: WS in.: P (tr.) WS WS WS
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) cs f. M l(t.s.m.l) a. s M l(t.s.m) s a. M l(s.m) f. s V (s.m.l) M fs V (s.m.l) M fs m M l(s.m.l) s f.
INC
W
10YR8/2.5 cream 2.5Y8/2 10YR8/3
W
PNT
2.5YR6/6
W W W
WS? er.
10YR8/2.5
W
WS WS er. out.: WS in.: er.
5YR8/1.5 10YR8/3 5Y8/2 lr
W W W
5Y8/2 lr
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS
5Y8/2 lr
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
B10 D3 A27 A15 A28
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø
h
th
11/1
XI
25
3.4
0.8
l. reddish brown
XII XIII
27 17 24
2.9 2.7 2.4
1.1 0.7 0.8
buff reddish brown buff
20
2.0
0.9
l. brown
break
dimensions
surface
temper
treatment
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) fs V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs m M l(t.s) l(m) f. s V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs f.
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
out.: WS
10YR8/3
W
=A14
WS WS WS
10YR8/2 5YR7/6 10YR8.3
W W W
=A26 =B12 =C9
WS
5Y8/2
W
=D1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
253
US 121 PL.PP.121.1 A14
A29
A8
C14
A37
A26
B13
D1
B12
C3
C9
B30
A6
B16
C8
A7
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
C12
D4
A20
A35
A34
A36
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
254
US 121 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.121.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø
h
th
12
4.6
0.8
XI XI
17 11 8
2.0 3.9 3.8
0.9 0.6 0.8
XIII
16
4.9
0.8
A5 A11 A17 A18
11/10 11/9
A23
surface break
t. reddish buff l. grey t. buff l. brown l. brown l. brown t. reddish buff t. reddish l. brown brick red grey buff grey brown brown
M l(t.s) s a. m
out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
M q(s.m) a. V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l)
10YR7.5/2 2.5Y8/2 cream
NTW W W
M l(t.s.m) s cs f. m
WS
5YR7/6 lr
W
M l(t.s) l(m.l) f. fs a. m
WS
10YR8/3
W
M l(t.s) s
out. + r.: P (tr.)
7.5YR8/3
W
M l(s.m) s a. m
n.d.
10YR8/3
W
M l(t.s.m.l) s a. m M l(s) s
n.d. WS out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
10YR8/2.5 10YR8/3
W W
10YR8/3
H+SW (r.)
5Y8/3
W
3.5
0.8
2.6
0.6
XIII
18
5.3
0.9-1.1
14/15
XIV XI
15 8
5.1 2.5
1.0 0.6
49
10.8
1.7-2.3
buff
M cs m
13/2
XIII
16
2.3
0.8
l. yellowish green overfired
XIV
25
2.5
1.0
p. brown
XIV
16
9.0
1.0
buff
11
3.5
0.5
brown
V (s.m) M l(s.m.l) s V (s.m) f. M l(s.m) s a. M l(t.s) a. l(m) f. s a. V (s.m) M l(t) s?
B8 B20
14/15
C1
l. brown reddish brown l. brown brown brown
5Y8/2 pr
W INC
W
M s a.
WS
10YR8/2 lr
W
M l(s.m) s a. M l(s.m) s m
WS WS out.: WS in. + r.: P (tr.) 0
10YR8/3 7.5YR8/2
W W
3.8
1.2
13/2
XIII
45 15
4.0 4.2
1.3 0.9
C15
13/2
XIII
12
2.9
0.7
reddish brown
M fs a. m
11
3.3
0.9
16
11.6
1.0-1.4
reddish brown greyish green overfired
M q(s.m.l) a. s V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l.xl)
XI
2.5Y8/2 lr
out.: WS
W
32
11/8
WS
7.5YR8/1.5
C5
D7
er.
WS
C10 C11
C16
colour
WS porous WS out.: WS Ss
18
B6
technique
W
22
A42
colour
5YR8/4
A24
A32 A33
forming treatment
A25 A31
decoration
temper
out.: WS
5YR8/4
W
10YR8/3 lr
W
5Y7.5/2
INC
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A13 B22
XIII
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
20
3.3
0.9
reddish brown l. brown
M s cs f. m
WS
18
4.6
0.7
brown
M l(s.m.l) s a. cs f.
out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) cs f. M l(s.m) l(l) f. s cs f.
treatment
D5
XIII
13
5.4
0.8
l. brown t.: l. grey core
A16
XVI
10
3.0
0.6
reddish brown
A9
14/15
XIV
23
4.8
0.9
C13 A21
14/15
XVIV XIV
30 16
4.0 3.3
1.0 1.2
10
3.5
0.6
A38 B14
surface
temper
34
3.0
1.2
reddish brown buff reddish brown l. greyish brown l. brown t. reddish brown t. reddish l. brown
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
7.5YR/8/3
W
=A5
10YR8/3
W
=A23 =A23
WS
10YR8/2 lr
H
WS
10YR8/3
W
=A32
M l(t.s) s a. m
WS
7.5YR8/4
W
=A32
Msm M l(t.s.m) s a.
WS WS
7.5YR8/2 5Y8/2
W W
=A32 =B20
Msm
WS
5YR7/6 lr
W
=C1
Ms
out.: P (tr.) in.: er.
10YR8/3
W
=C5
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
255
US 121 PL.PP.121.2 C10
A42
C5
A11
C11
A33
A25
D7
A17
A18
B6
C1
C15
A31
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A23
A32 B20
B8
A5
A24
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
C16
The Greater Zab Valley
256
US 121 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.121.3 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
A1
11
2.1
1.0
A10
12
2.8
1.1
A12 A19
XIV
7 20
3.6 3.4
1.0 0.6
IX
decoration
temper
forming treatment
V (s.m) f. M fs? t. d. reddish brown l. grey M s a. m t. d. reddish brown buff M l(t.s) s d. buff M l(t) s a. cs f. V (s.m) p. greenish grey Ms
greyish brown
colour
technique
colour
WS
10YR8/3
W
er.
7.5YR7/4
W
10YR8/2 10YR8/3
W W
11
2.7
0.9
A39
7
2.5
1.5
reddish brown
M s a.
A40 B5
8 10
2.0 2.7
0.4 0.5
l. reddish brown l. brown d. orange grey d. brown brown l. brown p. grey l. brown beige l. brown l. brown l. grey l. brown
M l(t) fs M l(t.s.m) s cs f.
out.: WS WS out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: er. WS er.
Ms
out.: WS
5YR8/4
W
Ms Ms
0 WS out.: WS in.: 0
5YR7/3 7.5YR8/3
W W
10YR8/3
W
14/15
A22
B7
25
3.2
0.4
B9 B11
15 11
2.2 2.1
0.5 0.5
B17
19
7.0
0.8-1.0
B18
25
8.5
1.2
B21
24
5.5
1.4
M l(s.m)
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) s
er.
10YR8/3 lr
? er.
4.9
1.2-1.4
buff
3.2
0.9
buff
M q(s.m.l) fs m
B25
12
3.9
1.1-1.5
l. brown
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) f. s f.
buff l. grey buff
V (s) f. Ms
XIII
9
3.3
0.8
C2
11
3.1
1.0
p. brown
C4
7
5.2
1.3
l. brown l. reddish brown
C7 D6
[10/12]
IX
12
2.3
1.3
40
18.9
1.7-2.4
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0
V (s.m) f. M l(m.l) fs a. M l(s.m) f. fs? m M s? PG (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l)
l. beige brown
W W
H+SW
12
13/5
10YR8/3 10YR8/3
2.5Y8/2 lr
8.5
B26
W
out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
B24
IX
W
5YR7/6
M l(s.m.l) f. s a.
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) f. m
B23
2.5Y8/2 pr
7.5YR8/2 pr
W
7.5YR8/4
W
er.
10YR8/3
W
WS
10YR8/4
W
WS in.: bitumen WS out.: t. WS b. 0 in.: t. 0 b. WS WS
5Y8/2 lr
W
5Y8/2
W
7.5YR5/1
W
2.5Y8/2 lr
H+SW
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
B27
7
1.6
0.7
A30
24
4.9
1.0
B19
22
5.8
1.0
surface
temper
treatment
black l. grey buff t. reddish l. brown
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
0
WS
2.5Y3.5/1
W
=A1
M l(t.s.m.l.xl) s a.
WS out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
7.5YR8/3
W
=A19
5Y8/2
W
=B18
M l(s.m.l) a. cs a.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
257
US 121 PL.PP.121.3 A40
B5
B11
B9
B7
A19
D6
B21 B18
B17
B23 B25 A22
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
C4 C2
B26
A12 A39
A1
C7
B24
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A10
The Greater Zab Valley
258
US 122 PHOTO Bird’s-eye view of the western bank of the Greater Zab and the location of the sites in relation to each other: from US 122 in the north to US 129 in the south. Above, the location of the sites on the other side of the river: US 146 and US 147 (Grd Māmāk and Grd-ĩ Xalĩl) and, further east, US 144 and US 145. Sart MountainS Grd MāMāk
US 144-145
Crd MāMāk
US 146-147
US 122 US 123 US 124
US 125
US 126
US 127
US 128
US 129
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
259
US 122 Photo by J. Mardas
Ĩfrān MĨrān
US 126
US 127
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
260
US 122 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٢٢
NUMBER ON MAP
US 122 S 157
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
ناوى نيه
LOCAL NAME
No name
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°24'58"N 43°48'37"E
DMS
0393355, 4030725
UTM 38S
290
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Dālarê
IDENTIFICATION car survey
LOCATION. Close to the edge of the middle Zab terrace, c. 900 m south-south-east of Dālarê. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A flat site featuring a sparse sherd scatter, slightly denser along the terrace edge. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. A water hole was excavated in the eastern part of the site, at the border of the terrace, and a concrete pool was built in its western part. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A small village occupied from the Neo-Assyrian through to Parthian periods, most likely dependent on the larger settlement at US 121, located just 350 m to the north. The site was re-settled in the Late Sasanian period, and a single Late Ottoman sherd confirms some later activity at the site.
16 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 11
12
13
14
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2
1
1
1
15
16 4
1
area
0.86
0.43
0.43
0.43
0.86
0.43
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
261
US 122 PHOTOS Bird’s-eye view of US 122 from the east. In the background, the Grdapān Plateau and the village of Bĩūk.
Irrigation installations on US 122.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
Photo by X. Kolińska
The Greater Zab Valley
262
US 122 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.122.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A1
h
5.5
A3
XX
surface break
17
decoration
temper
forming
th
treatment
colour
0.7
cream
0
0
4.2
1.1
l. olive
V (s.m) M fs
deco
?
technique
colour
GLZ+IMP
cream
10YR8/4
H W
A4
28
5.1
1.0-1.2
l. greyish green
M l(s) fs a.
WS
5Y8/1.5
RSD
W
A5
32
3.6
1.5
beige t. l. reddish brown
M l(s.m) a. s a. cs f.
WS
5Y8/2
INC (r.)
W
A8
22
4.7
1.2
reddish brown
M l(t.s.m.l) s a.
out.: WS Ss in.: t. WS b. 0
4.7
0.8
buff
M l(s.m) s a.
WS
A10 A15
19
4.5
1.0
A17
8
5.4
0.7-0.9
A22
20
5.3
0.6-1.0
A23
26
4.8
1.6-2.0
M l(s.m) s a.
WS
2.5Y8/2
RSD+IMP
W
M l(t) fs a.
WS
2.5Y8/2
RSD
W
d. reddish brown
M l(t.m) a. s a. cs f.
WS
reddish brown
M l(s.m) s a.
16/8
XVI
4.0
0.9-1.1
l. reddish brown
M l(t.s.m) a. s a.
16/7
XVI
3.6
0.9
l. reddish brown
M l(s) s a.
A26
16/7
XVI
6.3
1.0
l. reddish brown
M l(s.m) s a.
5.2
0.9
reddish brown
M l(s) cs
5.8
1.0
reddish
M l(t.s.m.l) a. s a.
16/8
XVI
RSD
buff
A24
A28
W
10YR8/3
l. yellowish grey
A25
A27
7.5YR8/3 lr
out.: WS Ss in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS Ss out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: er.
10YR8/2
INC
W
5Y8/2 pr
IMP+CMB
H+SW
10YR8/3
CMB
W
5Y8/2 lr
CMB
W
5Y8/2 lr
CMB
W
7.5YR8/2.5
INC
W
2.5YR6.5/6
CMB
W
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
263
US 122 PL.DF.122.1
5 cm
0 A28
A24
A17
A1
A15
A25
A27
A4
A22
A8
A5
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A23
A10
A26
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A3
The Greater Zab Valley
264
US 122 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.122.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A3
ø
h
17
4.2
1.1
5.1
1.0-1.2
A5
32
3.6
1.0-1.2
XIV
19
3.3
1.1-1.3
XI
7
2.6
0.8
22
4.7
1.2
14/14
A7 A8
l. olive l. greyish green beige t. l. reddish brown greenish grey overfired t. yellowish green bluish grey t. yellowish green overfired reddish brown
A20
16
3.5
0.8
A21 A22
43 20
8.0 5.3
1.7 0.6-1.0
reddish beige reddish 0 l. reddish brown grey brown l. brown buff l. brown l. yellowish grey reddish brown brown reddish buff d. beige d. reddish brown
A23
26
4.8
1.6-2.0
reddish brown
A9
6
1.3
1.0
25 20
2.9 3.9
0.8 0.8
A13
18
5.4
0.7-1.1
A14
6
1.4
0.6
8 52 18
5.4 7.1 2.8
0.7-0.9 1.8 0.9
A11 A12
A17 A18 A19
13/2
12/8
XI XIII
XII
forming treatment
28
decoration
temper
th
A4
A6
XX
surface break
colour
technique
colour
deco
?
GLZ+IMP
cream
WS
5Y8/1.5
RSD
W
M l(s.m) a. s a. cs f.
WS
5Y8/2
INC (r.)
W
M l(s.m) a. s a.
out.: WS in.: er.
5Y8/2
W
V (s.m) M l(s.m.l) a.
er.
5Y8/1.5
W
M l(t.s.m.l) s a.
out.: WS Ss in.: t. WS b. 0
7.5YR8/3 lr
W
M u-p. grey part.(s.m.l)
WS
2.5YR6/8
W
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) a. s a.
P (tr.) WS out.: WS in.: er.
10YR7/3 7.5YR8/3 pr
W W
V (s.m) M fs M l(s) fs a.
M s a. cs a.
W
10YR7/3
W
M l(s) s a.
WS
5YR7/6 lr
W
M l(t) fs a. M l(t.s.m) a. cs a. M l(s) s a.
WS WS WS
2.5Y8/2 10YR8/2 7.5YR8/3
M l(s) s a.
WS
5YR8/4
W
M l(t.s) s a. M l(t.m) a. s a. cs f.
WS WS out.: WS Ss in.: 0
2.5Y8/2 10YR8/2
INC
H+SW W
5Y8/2 pr
IMP+CMB
H+SW
M l(s.m) s a.
RSD IMP
W H+SW W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
A16
7
1.3
0.9
A2
19
3.8
1.0
surface
temper
treatment
yellowish green overfired buff l. brown p. grey
?
out.: WS in.: er.
M s a.
er.
decoration
colour
technique
2.5Y8/3 5Y8/2
IMP
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
W
=A7
W
=A15
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
265
US 122 PL.PP.122.1 A5
A11
A18
A21
A4
A17
A6
A12
A23
A8
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A22
A19
A20
A13
A14
A7 A9
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
266
US 123 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٢٣
NUMBER ON MAP
US 123 S 158
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
ناوى نيه
LOCAL NAME
No name
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°24'35"N 43°48'32"E
DMS
0393218, 4030059
UTM 38S
286
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Dālarê
IDENTIFICATION
LOCATION. Along the edge of the middle Zab terrace, c. 1.5 km south of Dālarê. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A flat site covering the eastern slope of a low elevation down to the edge of the terrace. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. Two small fragments of three-legged mortars were found at the site, indicating a small rural settlement (a farmstead or a hamlet) from the Neo-Assyrian period. Other sites from the same period include US 121 and US 122 located upstream (c. 1 km and 0.75 km, respectively) and US 128 lying c. 1.4 km downstream.
car survey 16 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
number of sherds
5
area
0.89
12
13
14
15
16
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
267
US 123 PHOTOS Bird’s-eye view from the south of the city of Dālarê and US 121, US 122, and US 123 to the south of it.
The field where US 123 is located seen from the south. US 122 in the upper left corner, the river valley on the right, and the village of Crd Māmāk on the other bank.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
Photo by X. Kolińska
The Greater Zab Valley
268
US 123 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.123.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A3 A4
ø
h
th
15
5.4
0.7
11
A5
surface break
4.9
6
1.8
0.6
11/8
XI
?
3.7
0.8
buff
A7 A8 A9
11/0
XI
11/0
XI
37 11 23
3.5 3.4 3.2
0.9 0.6 0.6
5
2.2
0.6-0.8
l. greyish green brown l. greenish grey t. reddish brown buff b.: l. grey core l. brown grey l. brown
A11
18
A12
10
4.5
0.7
4.2
V (s.m) M fs V (s.m.l) Ms
l. greyish green buff l. beige yellowish green overfired
A6
A10
0.5
0
l. greyish brown
A14
14
3.2
0.7
A15
10
2.8
0.6
A16
11
3.6
0.5
l. greenish grey
26
3.9
0.9
buff
A18
21
2.8
0.6
l. reddish brown
A19
17
2.2
0.6
l. greenish brown
11/12
XI
colour
technique
WS
5Y8/2
INC
WS
5Y8/2
W
WS
colour
W
5Y8/3
W
er.
10YR8/3
W
WS WS WS
cream 10YR8/3 5Y8/2
W W W
M l(t) f. s cs f. m
er.
5YR7/6
W
V (s.m.l) M s? f.
WS
10YR8/3
W
V (s.m.l) f. M (t.s.m.l) fs
WS
5Y8/2
W
M l (t.s) u-d.grey part.(s.m.l) m fc
WS
10YR8/4
W
WS
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
cream
W
7.5YR8/4
W
WS
7.5YR8/5
W
WS
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
V (s.m) a. M l(t) m f. V (s.m.l) a. M l(t) f. s a. V (s.m.l)
buff l. brown buff l. yellowish brown
A17
forming treatment
1.1-1.5
decoration
temper
V (s.m) V (s.m) M l(s.m) V (s.m) M l(t) fs V (s.m.l) f. M fs m f. V (s.m.l) M l (s.m) s f.
er. WS r.: P (tr.)
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A13
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
XI
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
?
3.1
0.8
surface
temper
treatment
t. reddish brown l. grey t. reddish brown
V (s.m.l) a. M m f.
WS
decoration
colour
technique
5YR7/6
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
W
=A7
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
269
US 123 PL.PP.123.1
A7
A9
A17
A18
A11
A6
A16
A3
A19
A12
A8
A14
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A4 A15
A5
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A10
The Greater Zab Valley
270
Aerial and satellite imagery AERIAL IMAGERY US 124 – US 127
US 123
US 124
US 125
US 126
US 127
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 128
U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
271
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY US 124 – US 127
US 123
US 124
US 125
US 126
US 127
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 128
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
272
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 124
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
SATELLITE IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 125
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
273
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY: US 126 in 2019 & 2021
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 126
© 2019, 2021 Microsoft Corporation © 2019, 2021 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019, 2021) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
SATELLITE IMAGERY: US 127 in 2019 & 2021
U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 127
© 2019, 2021 Microsoft Corporation © 2019, 2021 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019, 2021) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
274
US 124 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٢٤
NUMBER ON MAP
US 124 S 159
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
ناوى نيه
LOCAL NAME
No name
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°24'20"N 43°48'25"E
DMS
0393035, 4029608
UTM 38S
289
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Dālarê
LOCATION. Along the edge of the middle Zab terrace, north of a small seasonal stream, c. 2 km south of Dālarê. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A flat site extending along the terrace edge, with a low density of sherds. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A small site occupied in the Hellenistic and Parthian eras, also displaying modest traces of use in the Late Sasanian and Early Islamic periods. This is one of several Hellenistic-Parthian sites present on the terrace of the Greater Zab, cf. US 121 and US 125.
IDENTIFICATION car survey 16 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 16
17
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13 8
14
15
1
1
area
0.62
0.31
0.31
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
275
US 124 PHOTOS Bird’s-eye view of US 124 from the east.
View of US 124 from the south-west. The buildings of Şĩaūṟaş visible in the distance.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
Photo by X. Kolińska
The Greater Zab Valley
276
US 124 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.124.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A1
16/5
XVI
A5 A9 A20 A23
14 XIII XIII
surface break
decoration
temper
forming
h
th
8.6
1.2-1.4
p. brown
M l(t.s) fs m f.
out.: deco in.: 0 or er.
4.8
0.9-1.2
buff
M l(s.m) l(l) f. s a.
er.
2.7
0.6
l. greyish green
M l(t) fs a.
deco (tr.)
M l(t.s) l(m.l) f. fs
WS
7.5YR8/4
M l(t.s) s cs f.
WS
2.5Y8/3
5.0
0.7
3.2
1.9
treatment
reddish buff reddish l. brown brown l. brown
colour
technique
colour
?
GLZ
blue
10YR8/3
IMP
GLEY1 8/5GY GLZ+RBD
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
PNT+INC
W W
n.d.
W
2.5YR6/6
W H (h.)
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
277
US 124 PL.DF. 124.1
0
5 cm A20
A1
A5
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A9
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A23
The Greater Zab Valley
278
US 124 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.124.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
decoration
temper
forming treatment
colour
A2
33
4.8
0.7-0.9
reddish brown
M l(t.s.m.l) s a. m
WS
10YR8/3
A3
12
3.3
0.5-0.7
p. yellow
M fs a.
deco (er.)
2.5Y8/2
XIII
9
2.3
1.2
er.
10YR8/3 10YR8/3
M l(s.m) s m f. M l(s.m.l) s M l(t.s.m.l) fs
er. out.: WS Ss in.: er. WS WS WS out.: WS in.: er. er. WS porous er.
M l(t.s.m) s a.
WS
M l(t) s a. M l(t.s) s M l(s.m) a. cs M l(t) fs
WS? er. WS WS WS
M l(t.s) fs m
WS
14
4.8
0.9-1.2
buff
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) s f. M l(s.m) l(l) f. s a.
A7
17/2
XVII
20
4.0
0.5
reddish brown
M l(t.s.m) s a. m f.
A8 A10 A11
13/2 13/2 [14/15]
XIII XIII XIII
19 18 18
3.6 3.2 5.0
1.1 0.8 1.0-1.2
brick red buff buff l. brown reddish beige l. brown l. brown l. brown reddish brown l. brown l. brown buff l. beige l. beige p. brown buff p. brown
M l(t.s.m) s a. M l(t.s.m) s M l(t.s.m.l) s
A4 A5
A12
20
1.9
0.5
A13 A14 A15
14 20 7
2.5 2.8 2.3
0.6 0.9 0.7
A16
15
3.3
0.5
A17 A18 A19 A21
25 15 25 13
4.0 2.0 3.5 1.9
0.8 0.4 0.8 0.4
23
1.5
0.4-0.6
A22
13/2
XIII
XIII
p. grey
M l(s.m) s a.
technique
colour
in.: GLZ (tr.)
green
W W W IMP
W
cream
W
10YR8/3 10YR8/3 2.5Y8/2 lr
W W W
7.5YR8/3
W
10YR8/3 10YR8/3 7.5YR8/3
W W W
5YR7/6
W
2.5Y8/2 lr 10YR8/3 2.5Y8/2 5Y8/2
W W W W
2.5Y8/3
W
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
279
US 124 PL.PP.124.1
A22
A21
A18
A2
A17
A5
A10
A8
A19
A11
A16
A7
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A14
A12
GLAZED
A3
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A13
A4
A15
The Greater Zab Valley
280
US 125 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٢٥
NUMBER ON MAP
US 125 S 160
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
ناوى نيه
LOCAL NAME
No name
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°24'13"N 43°48'23"E
DMS
0392994, 4029393
UTM 38S
285
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Dālarê
LOCATION. Along the edge of the middle Greater Zab terrace, south of a small seasonal stream, c. 2.1 km south of Dālarê. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site extends along the terrace edge between a small valley in the north and a low elevation in the south, featuring two concentrations of sherds, one close to the valley, and the other in the central part. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A farmstead from the Hellenistic-Parthian period.
IDENTIFICATION car survey 16 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Mardas, J., Iraqi Kurdistan’s heritage in the face of regional development: state of preservation of archaeological sites and damage assessment – a provisional report. Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 26/1, pp. 815, 817.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
number of sherds
3
area
0.07
14
15
16
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
281
US 125 PHOTOS Bird’s-eye view from the north of US 125 and, to the north of it, US 126 and US 127, the latter of which has been destroyed by the construction of fish ponds.
Photo by J. Mardas
US 127
US 126
US 125
US 125 seen from the north.
Photo by X. Kolińska
ŞĩūaṟaŞ
US 125
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
282
US 125 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.125.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A1 A8
surface break
18
decoration
temper
forming
h
th
treatment
colour
technique
colour
3.6
1.2
p. brown
V (s.m.l) M fs
er.
5Y8/2 lr
INC
W
11.3
0.8
buff
M l(t.s.m.l) fs
out.: WS in.: er.
7.5YR8/3
INC+IMP
W
POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.125.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
14 13 18 14
2.2 2.2 4.2 2.0 2.5
1.1 0.7 1.0 0.5 0.5
A8
18
11.3
0.8
A9
23
5.7
1.2-1.6
A2 A3 A5 A6 A7
13/2
XIII
13/13
XIII XIII
decoration
temper
forming treatment
p. grey grey buff buff l. grey
M l(t.s.m) a. s M fs M l(t.s) l(m.l) f. fs a. M l(t) fs a. M fs?
buff
M l(t.s.m.l) fs
l. brown
M cs a. pebbles f.
WS WS? WS WS WS out.: WS in.: er. er.
colour
technique
5Y8/2 greener 5Y6.5/1 10YR8/2.5 10YR8/3 2.5Y8/1.5 7.5YR8/3 10YR8/2 pr
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
colour
W W W W W INC+IMP
W W
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
283
US 125 PL.DF.125.1
0
5 cm A8
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A1
PL.PP.125.1 A2
A5
A6
A7
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A9
A8
A3
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
284
US 126 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٢٦
NUMBER ON MAP
US 126 S 161
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
حمرين
LOCAL NAME
Ḥamrĩn
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°24'07"N 43°48'18"E
DMS
0392854, 4029196
UTM 38S
288
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Dālarê
IDENTIFICATION car survey 16 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
LOCATION. Along the edge of the middle Zab terrace, c. 2.43 km south of Dālarê. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site covers two low elevations and a flat space between them. A larger concentration of pottery appears between the northern hill and the terrace edge, and on the southern hill. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.547 ha, B – 0.194 ha, amounting to 42% of the site area. Area A extends from the low elevation at the northern limit of the site towards the border of the terrace; Area B covers another low elevation located in the southern part of the site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. A water channel running across the site existing in 2015 was extended by a water hole located at the western limit of the site, and a house was constructed north of this installation before the fall of 2017. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A rural settlement from the Sasanian-Late Sasanian periods. Burnt bricks are present in the southern part of the site. Contemporary settlements were recorded at the small site of US 122, c. 1.7 km upstream, and at US 127, just 300 m downstream.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 15
16
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
7
8
1
area
1.77
1.77
0.88
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
285
US 126 PHOTOS Bird’s-eye view of US 126 in 2017 showing industrial buildings that had been constructed since 2015. Above it, US 127 can be seen, converted to fish ponds.
US 126 seen from the west in 2015. The photo shows an ordinary field.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
Photo by X. Kolińska
The Greater Zab Valley
286
US 126 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.126.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
forming treatment
A1
15/3
XV
6.6
0.9
grey
M s a.
out.: WS in.: 0 bitumen
A12
15/3
XV
2.9
0.8
p. yellow
M l(s) fs a.
WS
A13
15/3
XV
3.8
0.8
p. grey
M s a.
WS?
A17
15/3
XV
2.8
0.8
p. yellowish brown
M l(s.m) s a.
out.: WS in.: ?
0.9
reddish brown brown reddish brown
A20
?
3.0
decoration
temper
M l(s) fs a. m
colour
technique
5Y8/1.5
STM
W
2.5Y8/2 lr
STM
W
5Y7.5/1
STM
W
2.5Y8/2 lr
STM
W
WS
10YR8/2
INC+IMP (r.)
W
STM
W
A21
15/3
XV
3.0
0.8
l. grey
M l(s.m) s
0? (deco)
2.5Y8/2 / 5Y8/1
A25
16/7
XVI
3.6
1.1
greyish brown
M s a.
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
CMB
B16
16/7
XVI
3.7
1.0
t. orange buff l. greyish brown
M cs
out.: WS Ss in.: 0
cream
CMB
B17
16/7
XVI
3.6
0.8
buff
M l(s) s a.
WS
5Y8/2 pr
CMB
2.8
1.1
bright reddish brown
M b?(s.m) s
0
5YR8/3 / 10YR6/1
3.4
0.6-0.2
buff
M l(t) fs
buff
V (s.m) f. M l(t) fs
B20 B21 B22
16/4 16/4
XVI XVI
8
3.0
0.6
colour
deco out.: er. in.: deco
W W H (h.)
?
GLZ
out.: green in.: p. green
W
2.5Y8/2
GLZ
l. green
W
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
287
US 126 PL.DF.126.1
0
A12
A21
5 cm
A1
A13
A17
B20
B21
B16
B22
A25
B17
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A20
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
288
US 126 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.126.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
3.4
1.5
6.2
1.5
A10
7.1
1.4
A11
5.5
1.4
A2 A3
18
forming treatment
p. grey brownish p. grey l. brown l. grey reddish brown l. reddish brown p. yellow
decoration
temper
M l(s.m) cs a. M s a. M cs a. M fs a.
WS? (er.) out.: WS in.: 0 bitumen out.: deco in.: 0 eroded
colour
technique
5Y8/1.5
colour
H (h.)
10YR8/2
INC
H+SW
5YR7/6
RBD
W
2.5Y8/2
INC
W+H (h.)
5Y8/2
RSD+IMP
W
7.5YR8/4
INC
W
A14
5.3
1.1
p. greenish grey
M cs a.
WS
A18
6.1
1.6
buff l. brown l. greyish brown
M fs a. m
out.: WS in.: 0
A19
3.6
0.9
d. reddish brown
M cs a.
out.: WS in.: 0
2.5YR6/6
RBD
W
A24
4.4
0.9
t. buff p. brown
M fs
WS
2.5Y8/2 pr
CMB
W
1.5
0.7
l. yellow
V (s.m) M l(s) f.
WS (tt.)
2.5Y8/3
M l(s) s a.
out.: WS in.: 0
7.5YR7.5/4
CMB
10YR8/1.5
INC?/CMB?
W
10YR7/2
CMB
W
B12 B13
15
4.8
0.9-1.1
reddish brown grey reddish brown
B14
4.5
0.8
p. greyish brown
Ms
out.: WS in.: 0
B15
6.2
0.7
d. olive brown
M l(s) fs
out.: WS?
B19
5.6
1.5
p. yellowish green
V (s.m) M l(s.m.l)
er.
cream
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
W W
H (h.)
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
289
US 126 PL.DF.126.2
0 A18
B12
A24
B13
A19
A2
B14
A10
A11
5 cm B15
A14
B19
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A3
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
290
US 126 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.126.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
treatment
M l(s) fs a.
out.: WS in.: 0 bitumen er.
M s a.
WS
M l(s) f. s (black) M fs a. PG (s.m.l) a. M s a.
A3
18
6.2
1.5
A6
54
2.2
1.0
A7
17
4.5
0.5
18
4.9
0.6
? 12 11
3.8 3.4 2.8
0.8 0.5 0.3
A20
?
3.0
0.9
A22
18
3.3
0.4-0.6
A23
16
3.8
0.8
brown
M l(s.m) fs
XVI
8
3.0
0.6
p. brown
M s a.
A8 A9 A15 A16
XV
forming
th
l. brown l. grey p. brown p. greyish green p. grey overfired t. buff p. yellowish grey l. brown reddish beige reddish brown brown reddish brown l. brown
decoration
temper
M s a.
colour
technique
10YR8/2
INC
colour
H+SW
2.5Y8/2 pr
W
5Y8/2
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS WS WS
7.5YR8/4 7.5YR8/2 10YR8/2
W W W
M l(s) fs a. m
WS
10YR8/2
M s a.
INC+IMP (r.)
W
B2
15/2
XV
26
4.5
0.6
p. greenish grey
M l(t.s.m) cs
B3 B4 B6 B7 B8
16/7
XVI
5 37 12 10 12
2.8 4.7 6.6 3.7 2.1
1.1 0.7 0.5 0.8-1.1 0.7
M l(s.m) f. s cs f. M l(s.m) l(l) f. s a. M l(s.m) u-black part.(s.m) M l(t.s) f. s a. M l(s.m) s a.
WS out.+r.: WS in.: bitumen WS in.: bitumen out.: WS in.: 0 bitumen WS WS 0 WS WS
M l(t) f. s a.
WS
7.5YR7/4
W
M l(t.s) fs a. V (s.m) M l(s) f.
WS
10YR8/2
W
WS (tt.?)
2.5Y8/3
W
A26
B9
32
3.3
0.9
B11
17
2.6
0.5
buff buff l. greyish green buff buff l. reddish brown l. grey l. reddish brown brown
B12
15
1.5
0.7
l. yellow
cream
W
10YR8/3 lr
W
2.5Y8/2 pr
W
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
2.5Y8/2 lr 7.5YR7.5/4 5Y8/2 2.5Y8/2 10YR8/3 lr
W sc W W W W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
A4
14
4.9
1.7
B10
17
3.5
0.4
p. brown p. greyish brown l. yellowish green
B1 A5
XVI
surface
temper
th
treatment
M s a. m M l(s.m) a. s
13
1.6
1.0
l. reddish brown
M l(t.s) cs
25
2.8
0.8
d. reddish brown
M l(t) fs a.
out.: WS in.: 0 WS out.: WS in.: 0 WS
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
7.5YR8/4
W
=A3
cream
W
=B6
7.5YR7.5/3
W
=B8
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
=B9
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
291
US 126 PL.PP.126.1 B4
A9
A20
B9
A6
A15
A26
A16
B11
B2
B6
A7
A8
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A23
A3
A22
B8
B7
B3 B12
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
292
US 127 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٢٧
NUMBER ON MAP
US 127 S 163
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
حمرين/ينانٚ به ن
LOCAL NAME
Banênān/Ḥamrĩn
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°24'00"N 43°48'08"E
DMS
0392599, 4029005
UTM 38S
281
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Dālarê
IDENTIFICATION
LOCATION. Along the edge of the middle Zab terrace, c. 2.6 km south of Dālarê. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site, now nearly completely destroyed, occupied a steady slope on the southern bank of a seasonal stream, close to the edge of the terrace. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is almost entirely damaged by three fishponds constructed in 2015. To the south of them lies a house, and the southernmost part of the site is covered by an orchard. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A small rural settlement from the Late Sasanian-Early Islamic period, located just 300 m south of a contemporary site, US 126.
car survey 16 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Mardas, J., Iraqi Kurdistan’s heritage in the face of regional development: state of preservation of archaeological sites and damage assessment – a provisional report. Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 26/1, pp. 815, 821.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 16
17
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
4
1
area
0.64
0.32
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
293
US 127 PHOTOS Bird’s-eye view from the north of US 127 in 2017. The site has been turned into fish ponds. Below it, US 126.
View from the north-west of US 127 in 2015. The depression of the southern pond is visible.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Madras
Photo by X. Kolińska
The Greater Zab Valley
294
US 127 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.127.1 dimensions
No
A1
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
16/4
XVI
h
th
10
2.7
0.6
p. brown
M fs
8.0
1.5
p. greenish grey
8.0
0.5-0.7
[16/4]
A5
colour
technique
colour
deco
?
GLZ
green, olive green
M l(s.m) s a.
WS
5Y8/2 pr
l. reddish brown
M s a.
out.: WS in.: 0
2.5Y8/2 lr
INC
W+H (h.)
?
10YR8/2
INC+IMP
H?
5Y8/2
CMB+IMP
W
cream
CMB+INC
W
p. green
CMB
2.3
2.7
brown l. yellowish green
M l(s.m) l(l) f. fs
p. greenish grey
M l(s.m.l) a. s
16/7
XVI
5.8
0.8
A11
16/7
XVI
10.5
0.7-1.1
A12
16/7
XVI
forming treatment
V (s.m.l) M l(t) s f.
A10
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0
4.6
0.9
p. greenish grey
M l(s.m) a. s
2.1
0.9
p. greenish grey
M l(s.m) a. s
WS
A15
6.0
1.0
t. p. yellow reddish brown
M fs
WS
A16
6.9
0.9
l. brown
Ms
out.: WS in.: 0
A14
8
decoration
temper
ø
A2 A3
surface break
W H (h.)
p. green
W W, hole
5Y8/2
INC
H
5Y8/2 pr
INC
W+H (h.)
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
295
US 127 PL.DF.127.1
0
5 cm A12
A3
A1
5 cm
0
A10
A11
A2
A14
A15
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A5
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A16
The Greater Zab Valley
296
US 127 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.127.1 dimensions
No
A1
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
16/4
XVI
surface break
ø
h
th
10
2.7
0.6
p. brown
M l(s.m) f. s a. sc f.
M fs
8
9.3
0.5
A6
10
3.4
0.6
reddish brown
M l(s) f. s
A7
12
3.8
0.7
l. yellowish grey
M s a.
A8 A9
7 22
1.1 5.6
0.5 0.9
reddish brown p. greenish grey
Ms M l(s.m) a. s cs f.
A14
8
2.1
0.9
p. greenish grey
M l(s.m) a. s
XVII
forming treatment
buff h.: reddish brown
A4
decoration
temper
deco 0 out.: WS Ss in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 WS WS out.: WS in.: 0
colour
technique
colour
?
GLZ
green, olive green
10YR8/2 pr / cream
RSD?
W H (h.)
2.5Y8/3
W
5Y8/2
W
10YR8/3 lr 5Y8/2 pr
W W
p. green
W, hole
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
297
US 127 PL.PP.127.1
A7
A1
GLAZED
A4
A9
A6 A14
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A8
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
298
Aerial and satellite imagery AERIAL IMAGERY US 128 – US 131
US 128
US 129 US 131
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 130
U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
299
Aerial and satellite imagery © 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY US 128 – US 131
US 128
US 129
US 131
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 130
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
300
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 128
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
SATELLITE IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 129
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
301
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 130
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4R-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY US 131
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
© 2018 Microsoft Corporation © 2018 DigitalGloge © CNES (2018) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
302
US 128
Contour map: cut 1 m, generated by QGIS (from total station cloud of points). Processed by J. Mardas, drawing by X. Kolińska.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
303
US 128 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٢٨
NUMBER ON MAP
US 128 S 162
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
حمرين
LOCAL NAME
Ḥamrĩn
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°23'53"N 43°47'52"E
DMS
0392191, 4028773
UTM 38S
290
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Banênān
IDENTIFICATION car survey 27 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Koliński, R., Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Pro ject. Report on the Field Activities in the Province of Duhok for the 2015 Season p. 9.
LOCATION. On the edge of the middle Zab terrace, south of a shallow stream valley, c. 2.83 km south of Dālarê and 3.1 km north-east of Banênān. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. An extensive site with a concentration of archaeological material on a low accumulation located in its southern part. Numerous sherds, brick fragments, ground stone tools, and pottery slag present there suggest that this part of the site had eroded rapidly. The northern part of the site (Area C) yielded significantly later (Period 11) material. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.234 ha, B – 0.596 ha, C – 0.064 ha, amounting to 31% of the site area. Area A is located in the southern part of the site, Area B is adjacent to the former on the north, and Area C is located in the northern part of the site, extending along the terrace’s border. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation; an irrigation channel runs in the central part, providing water to the vegetable plantation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A large village from the Bronze age. A single Bevelled Rim Bowl sherd indicates that some activity took place at the site during the LC3-5 period, although it is not confirmed by other finds. The southern and the central parts of the site were occupied during the Ninevite 5 period and, even more intensively, during the middle and late 3rd millennium BC (Period 7). No other Ninevite 5 site was identified in the vicinity (cf. US 129), but another Period 7 settlement is present at US 131, just 500 m downstream. The northernmost part of the site yielded exclusively Neo-Assyrian sherds, and it should be considered as a separate small site from this period, probably a farm. Slightly larger settlements from the same period were identified at US 122 and US 123, c. 1.4 km upstream.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 5
6
7
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
1
15
34
8
9
10
11 2
area
?
0.50
2.87
0.4
12
13
14
15
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
16
17
18
19
20
21
The Greater Zab Valley
304
US 128 PHOTOS US 128 in relation to the other sites on the western bank of the Greater Zab. Sites US 123–US 129 seen from the south.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
305
US 128 MISCELLANEOUS FINDS ON PL.MF.128.1 FIELD NUMBER B54 B58 B59
TYPE figurine (?) unidentified unidentified
MATERIAL terracotta terracotta terracotta
DIMENSIONS (cm) 13.8 x 4.7 x 4.4 ø3.8, l. 6.7 5.5 x 3.5
PRESERVATION one leg preserved small fragment fragmentary
MISCELLANEOUS FINDS NOT ILLUSTRATED FIELD NUMBER 1/B 2/B 3/B 4/B 5/B 1/C 2/C 3/C 4/C 5/C 6/C 7/C
TYPE J.2 Mortar C.4 Flat quern C.4 Flat quern G.1 Grinder slag S.1 Rectangular brick M.1b Door socket M.2a Door socket F. Grinder B.2 Saddle quern C.5 Flat quern C.2 Flat quern
MATERIAL limestone quartzite limestone sandstone slag terracotta limestone lava basalt basalt lava lava
DIMENSIONS (cm) 22 x [16] x 19, ø15 35 x 15 x 6 [22] x [18] x 5 29 x 18 x 11 30 x 24 x 21 36 x 36 x 9 [14] x 9 x 8, hole ø6 ø19 x 5, hole ø5 18 x [18] x 5.5 [33] x [13] x 10 [12] x [16] x 5.5 [14] x 22 x 8
PRESERVATION 2/3 preserved one side damaged 1/3 preserved complete, unfinished negative of the oven's wall on one side one corner missing 1/3 preserved 1/2 preserved 1/2 preserved large fragment in two pieces 1/4 preserved 1/2 preserved
PL.MF.128.1
0
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
B58
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B59
5 cm B54
The Greater Zab Valley
306
US 128 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.128.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A21
6/6
VI
A32
7/0
VII
A34
[6/1]
B1
7/4
VII
B8
7/4
B9
7/4
surface break
5
h
th
4.5
0.7-1.2
5.5
1.1
7.6
decoration
temper
forming treatment
l. greenish yellow
V (s.m.l)
l. yellow
V (s.m) (l) f.
1.2-1.4
beige
V (s.m.l) M fs
7.4
1.3-1.6
p. yellowish grey
V (s.m.l) a.
VII
5.4
0.9-1.1
p. yellowish grey
VII
10.8
1.6
p. brown greyish green overfired
V (s.m.l)
V (s.m.l) M fs V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) fs?
out.: WS out.: WS in.: er. out.: WS in.: er. out.: WS in.: er.
colour
PNT RSD+IMP +CMB
NTW
out.: WS
2.5Y8/3
RSD+CMB
H+W
out.: WS
2.5Y8/2
RSD+IMP +CMB
H?
out.: 0 in.: WS out.: er. in.: WS
W
H
5Y8/2
W
8
c7.1
1.1
VI
3.5
2.7
0.8-1.3
reddish
V (s.m) f.
B56
6/6
VI
5
3.9
0.5-1.0
l. pinkish brown
t.: M fs? b.: V (s.m.l) a.
er.
2.5Y8/2
beige overfired
V (s.m)
deco
10YR8/3
0.6
2.5YR4/2
2.5Y8/2
V
6/6
2.0
W
2.5Y7/2
5a/1
VI
W RSD+IMP +INC
5Y8/2 lr
B16
6/1
colour
5Y8/2 2.5Y8/2
B55
B60
technique
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
W PNT
10YR5/2
W
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
307
US 128 PL.DF.128.1
0
5 cm B16
A34
B60
0
5 cm
B56
B55
A21
A32
B8
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
B9
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B1
The Greater Zab Valley
308
US 128 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.128.2 dimensions
No
A1
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
VI?
surface break
ø
h
th
10
1.6
0.3
A3
26
3.8
0.8
A4
29
3.9
1.0
A7 A29
20 VII
A30
forming treatment
buff t. orange d. grey t. orange t. buff grey t. buff
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
PNT
10R6/6
M fs
out.: P WS (tt.)
7.5YR8/4
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS
5YR7.5/4
H (h.)
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
7.5YR7.5/4
H (h.)
7.5YR5/3
RSD+IMP
H?
5Y8/3 lr
RSD+IMP
W+H
5Y8/2
RSD+IMP
H NTW
2.8
0.8
reddish brown
M c(s.m.l) a.
out.: WS in.: er.
8.9
1.6-2.0
l. yellow
V (s.m.l)
WS
3.6
1.1
p. brown l. grey p. brown
V (s.m.l) a.
0
W
A31
VII
3.8
1.8
p. yellowish brown
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS in.: bitumen
2.5Y8/2
RSD+IMP
B2
VII
9.8
1.7-1.9
p. yellowish green
V (s.m.l)
out.: WS
2.5Y8/3 lr
RSD+IMP
H
B3
4.5
0.8
p. yellowish green
V (s.m.l)
out.: WS in.: 0
5Y8/3 lr
RSD+IMP
W
B4
3.3
0.4
buff
V (s)? M fs
WS
10YR8/3
CMB+INC
W
B5
7.2
1.0-1.2
p. yellowish grey
V (s.m.l)
out.: WS
5Y8/2 lr
RSD+IMP
NTW
4.3
1.5
l. chocolate d. chocolate l. chocolate
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: S in.: WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
RSD+IMP
H
V (s.m)
out.: WS in.: 0
10YR8/3
out.: WS
2.5Y8/3 lr
WS
7.5YR7/4
H
2.5Y8/2
W?+H (h.)
B6
VII
B7 B10 B51 B57
4.0
0.7-0.9
reddish
5.0
1.4
p. brown
26
5.1
1.7
d. grey
14
4.7
1.4
p. yellowish brown
VII
VII
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) s f. V (s.m) M s(mcolour) cs f. V (s.m.l) a.
out.: ? in.: WS (tt.)
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
RSD+IMP +INC RSD+IMP +INC
W NTW
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
309
US 128 PL.DF.128.2
0
5 cm A1
B4
0 A4
A3
A7
A30
B57
5 cm
B51
A29
A31
B7
5 cm
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
0
B3
B2
B6
0 B10
5 cm
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B5
The Greater Zab Valley
310
US 128 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.128.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
A1
VI?
10
1.6
0.3
VII
27
2.0
0.5
A4
29
3.9
1.0
A9
11
2.0
0.4
14
3.3
0.4
A26
33
5.0
1.0-1.3
B12
30
3.5
1.0
A11
VII
forming treatment
A2
buff l. brown l. reddish brown t. buff grey t. buff beige beige overfired buff
M fs V (s.m) M fs
out.: P WS (tt.) out.: P + deco in.: 0
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
M l(t.s) fs
buff
V (s.m.l) a.
WS out.: WS in.: er. in.: WS (tt.) out.: WS in.: er. out.: 0 in.: WS out.: WS in.: WS (tt.) WS WS WS
M fs V (s.m.l) a.
B16
5a/1
V
8
c7.1
1.1
B20 B23 B27 B32 B33
6/2
VI
10 45 9 18 13
3.9 4.2 4.0 2.4 2.4
0.3 1.3 0.4 0.5 0.5
greyish green overfired p. bluish grey reddish brown p. brown p. brown p. grey
B42
28
6.9
2.1
l. pinkish brown
B43
?
8.5
0.9-1.2
27
4.1
0.6
p. grey
1.5
brown d. brown brown
V (s.m.l) a.
er.
buff
V (s.m.l) M fs m
out.: WS
B47
VII
7/26
VII
B52 C9
37 11/12
XI
?
4.3 4.0
0.9
l. brown
decoration
temper
V (s.m.l) M fs V (s.m.l) a. 0 M fs a. 0 V (s.m.l) a. M fs V (s.m.l) V (s.m) M fs
colour
technique
colour
7.5YR8/4
PNT
10R6/6
W
?
PNT
10YR3/1
W
7.5YR7.5/4
H (h.)
10YR8/2
W
10YR7.5/1
W
10YR8/3
NTW
10YR8/3
NTW
2.5Y8/2 5Y7.5/1 7.5YR8/3 2.5Y8/2 10YR8/3 10YR8/3
M INC+IMP
W H W W W
er.
7.5YR8/4
H
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
H?
5Y8/2 lr
W
7.5YR7.5/6
H
10YR8/3
W
in.: WS
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
B34 B17 A24
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
7/20
VII
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
18 18
2.3 3.2
0.3 0.5
49
2.9
0.9-1.3
surface
temper
treatment
reddish brown p. grey buff l. grey buff
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
M l(s) f. fs? M l(t.s) fs
WS WS
7.5YR7.5/4 2.5Y8/2
W W
=A11 =B33
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
10YR8/2
NTW
=B43
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
311
US 128 PL.PP.128.1 B16
B27
B20
A11
A1
B47
B32
A4
B33
C9
A2
BITUMEN
B52
A9
B23
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B12
A26
B42
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B43
The Greater Zab Valley
312
US 128 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.128.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
decoration
temper
forming
ø
h
th
A3
26
3.8
0.8
t. orange d. grey t. orange
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS
5YR7.5/4
A7
20
2.8
0.8
reddish brown
M c(s.m.l) a.
out.: WS in.: er.
7.5YR5/3
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
H
A14
VII
A20
treatment
13
2.9
0.7
buff
V (s.m) M fs
27
7.1
1.7
t. p. brown l. grey t. p. brown
V (s.m.l) a.
A28
40
4.5
1.2
p. grey
V (s.m.l) a.
A33
35
3.5
0.9
p. yellowish brown
V (s.m.l)
B21
VII
30
6.1
1.0
B24
VII
19
7.5
0.7-1.1
52
5.9
0.6-1.0
B38
p. reddish brown buff p. reddish brown l. greenish grey p. brown pinkish brown p. brown
technique
colour
H (h.) RSD+IMP
H?
2.5Y8.1.5
W
2.5Y8/2
CMB
W
V (s.m.l)
WS
2.5Y8/3 lr
CMB
W
V (s.m.l) a.
WS? er.
2.5Y8/3 lr
CMB
W
V (s.m)
WS
V (s.m.l) Ms
5Y8/2 lr
W
WS in.: bitumen
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
u-grey/beige part.(s.m.l)
R
7.5YR7/4
H
V (s.m.l)
er.
5Y8/3
W
7.5YR7/4
H (h.)
B40
19
4.1
1.1
B41
20
5.8
0.8-1.1
39
5.4
0.9
B51
26
5.1
1.7
d. grey
V (s.m) M s cs f.
WS
B57
14
4.7
1.4
p. yellowish brown
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: ? in.: WS (tt.)
2.5Y8/2
H
C2
28
5.2
1.7-2.8
buff grey buff
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
10YR8/3
H, hole
C6
37
3.5
0.8
buff
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m) fs m
WS
10YR8/3
W
B44
VII
p. brown
out.: WS in.: er. out.: WS in.: ?
colour
grey reddish brown l. yellowish green overfired
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A16
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
20
3.4
0.9
surface
temper
treatment
t. orange d. grey t. buff
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS
decoration
colour
technique
5YR7/6
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
H
=B38
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
313
US 128 PL.PP.128.2 A28
B51
B40
A3
A7
A33
B57
C6
C2
A20
B41
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B38
B24
B21
B44
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A14
The Greater Zab Valley
314
US 128 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.128.3 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A5 A12
7/8
VII
surface break
ø
h
th
21
5.1
1.0-1.4
25
5.6
1.1-1.6
21
4.2
1.1-1.5
A15 A17 A23 B28
19 15 25 12
3.2 2.4 4.4 2.7
0.8 0.5 1.7 0.5
21
5.2
1.0-1.3
41
4.3
1.7
18
4.1
1.0-1.5
VII [7/14]
B30 B31
7/14
VII
B35 B36
VII
B45 B48 B49 B63
VII 7/14
VII
C3 C4
11/10
XI
l. reddish brown beige l. reddish brown t. reddish brown grey t. reddish brown reddish reddish grey reddish p. brown l. brown l. yellowish brown p. grey reddish brown p. green t. p. brown l. grey t. p. brown
16
3.1
0.5-0.9
p. brown
14
3.9
0.7-0.9
reddish
24 12 43
4.1 3.9 6.9
0.7 0.6 1.1
13
6.3
1.4
13
4.4
0.7
C7
13
3.4
0.7
C8
11
3.0
0.7
forming treatment
A13
p. greenish grey buff p. yellowish grey p. yellow p. grey p. yellow l. reddish brown greenish grey overfired p. brown
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
2.5Y8/3
NTW
V (s.m.l)
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
V (s.m.l)
WS
10YR8/2
W
M l(t) fs V (s.m.l) V (s.m) V (s.m) V (s.m.l) M l(t) l(m.l) f. fs V (s.m.l)
WS WS WS WS
10YR8/2 2.5Y8/2 lr 2.5Y8/2 pr 5Y8/2
W W W W
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS
5Y8/2 lr
NTW
V (s.m.l) M fs
out.: WS in.: ?
2.5Y8/2 lr
NTW
WS? er.
V (s.m.l) M fs V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs V (s.m.l) a. Ms V (s.m.l)
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS er. WS
2.5Y8/2 7.5YR7/5 2.5Y8/3 lr
out.: WS in.: t. Ws b. 0
M l(s.m.l) fs V (s.m) f. M l(t.s.m) s
WS
V (s.m)
out.: WS
M l(t.s) fs
WS
W W W
INC
5Y8/2 10YR8/3
W
5Y8/2
W
2.5Y8/2
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
B39 A27 B22
7/10 7/14
VII VII
break
dimensions
ø
h
21
3.3
0.7
34 52
2.9 6.0
1.0-1.5 1.6-2.0
surface
temper
th
treatment
p. greenish
V (s.m.l) a.
p. brown p. yellowish grey
V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l)
out.: WS in.: ? WS out.: WS
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
5Y8/3
W
=B30
5Y8/2 2.5Y8/3 lr
W W+H?
=B63 =B63
INC
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
315
US 128 PL.PP.128.3 B63
B31
B48
B36
A17
C4
A23
A5
B28
B49
C8
C3
C7
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A12
B30
A13
B45
B35
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A15
The Greater Zab Valley
316
US 128 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.128.4 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
h
th
c2.1 4.3 1.2
1.3 1.7 0.4-0.6
p. yellow grey p. brown p. yellowish green p. bluish grey
V (s.m.l) a.
0
l. yellowish green
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS
5Y8/3 lr
p. green l. bluish grey
V (s.m.l) n.d. V (s.m.l) M l(t) l(m.l) f. fs
WS n.d.
5Y8/3 2.5Y8/1
treatment
6/7
VII VI
16 41 0
6/6
VI
7.5
2.7
0.5-2.8
B11
6/6
VI
12
2.2
1.3
B13 B15+62
7/15 6/6
VII VI
34 11
5.8 2.2
1.5 0.7-0.9
VII
37
4.1
0.8
l. pinkish brown
26
6.0
2.2-2.9
l. pinkish brown
B25
19
3.9
0.9-1.4
p. grey brown
B26
33
6.4
1.5-2.1
reddish grey reddish
B19
B29 B37
7/1
B50
6
3.1
1.0
p. greenish grey
VII
4
1.5
0.7
p. greenish
VII
32
4.1
1.1
yellowish green overfired t. l. brown black t. l. brown
B53
6/6
VI
9
4.7
1.3
B56
6/6
VI
5
3.9
0.5-1.0
l. pinkish brown
B61
6/6
VI
4
3.3
0.4-0.6
10
1.0
1.0
p. bluish grey l. brown grey l. brown
C1 C5
forming
ø A10 A18 A19 A22 A35
B18
decoration
temper
10
3.0
1.0
p. brown
V (s.m.l) a V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs
0? out.: WS 0
V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) Ms V (s.m.l) M l(t) s? V (s.m) f. M l(t.s)
colour
technique
colour
5Y8/2 5Y8/2 5Y8/2
H NTW W
5Y8/1
W PNT
10YR7/2 / 2.5Y5/3
W W+H?
WS
5YR8/4
W
out.: WS in.: er.
2.5Y8/2
W
WS
5Y8/2
H
WS
10YR8/3
W W+H?
WS
5Y8/2
0
out.: WS in.: bitumen
5Y8/2
W
V (s.m.l)
WS
5Y8/3
W
n.d.
n.d.
7.5YR7/4
W
t.: M fs? b.: V (s.m.l) a V (s.m.l) a.
er.
2.5Y8/2
W
0
5Y8/1
W
10YR7/3
W
5Y8/2
W
V (s.m.l) M fs m
WS
V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs
out.: WS in.: er.
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø
h
th
6/6 6/6
VI VI VII
7 49 26
1.5 1.9 3.3
0.5 0.9 0.9
28
4.2
1.0
B55
6/6
VI
3.5
2.7
A21
6/6
VI
5
4.5
A8 B46 A25 B14
break
dimensions
surface
temper
treatment
decoration
forming
colour
technique
colour
l. bluish grey l. chocolate brown yellowish green yellowish green overfired
V (s.m) V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l) a.
0? WS er.
5Y7/1 10YR8/2.5 5Y8/2
PNT
2.5YR5/3
V (s.m.l)
WS
0.8-1.3
reddish
V (s.m) f.
0.7-1.2
l. greenish yellow
V (s.m.l)
out.: er. in.: WS out.: WS
analogy
W W W
=A35 =A35 =B13
5Y8/3
W
=B50
5Y8/2
W
=B53
5Y8/2
W
=B56
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
317
US 128 PL.PP.128.4 B13
B18
B50
B26
B11
A35
B15
B53
B56
B61
A18
A19
A22
B29
B37
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B25 C1
B19 C5
A10
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
318
US 129 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٢٩
NUMBER ON MAP
US 129 S 164
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
ناوى نيه
LOCAL NAME
No name
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°23'48"N 43°47'48"E
DMS
0392097, 4028645
UTM 38S
284
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Banênān
IDENTIFICATION car survey, interview 8 October 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
LOCATION. On the edge of the middle Zab terrace, c. 3 km south of Dālarê and 2.5 km north-east of Banênān. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A sherd scatter is present on a conglomerate peninsula formed by the edge of the Zab terrace and a seasonal stream valley. It is located close to the south-western limit of US 128 but has yielded significantly later pottery material, so it must have constituted a different site. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. Tracing the history of this site is difficult. Two Ninevite 5 sherds may be stray finds from US 128, located just 50 m away. Similarly, one Period 7 and one Period 8 sherd may come from US 131, located to the south, on the other side of a relatively wide stream valley. Scarce traces of activity during the Hellenistic-Parthian and Late Sasanian periods were also discovered.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 13
14
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6 2
7
8 1
9
10
11
12
3
1
15
16 2
area
0.37
0.37
0.37
0.18
0.37
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
319
US 129 PHOTOS US 129 in relation to neighbouring sites: below, the southern part of US 128; above, US 131 destroyed by the construction of fish ponds.
Photo by J. Mardas
US 131
US 129
US 128
Bird’s-eye view of US 129 from the north. Visible damage to the surface of the site by intensive cultivation of plants that require heavy irrigation.
US 129
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
The Greater Zab Valley
320
US 129 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.129.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A9
21
h
decoration
temper
forming
th
treatment
colour
technique
colour
2.5Y4/1.5
7.5
1.1
reddish brown
M f/q(s.m.l) a.
WS
A21
6/1
VI
3.6
1.0
l. yellowish green
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS in.: 0
10YR8/4
PNT
A22
6/5
VI
2.8
0.4
M l(t) fs? fc
out.: WS
2.5Y7/4
RBD
W
A23
16/8
XVI
7.6
1.0
M fs a.
0
10YR8/2
CMB
W
V (s.m.l) M l(t) s f.
0
7.5YR6/6
A24
XVI
surface break
4.4
1.5
greenish yellow greyish green overfired l. pinkish beige overfired reddish brown greyish brwon reddish brown
7.5YR6/4.5
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
H W
H (h.)
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
321
US 129 PL.DF.129.1
0
5 cm A21
A22
0 A23
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A24
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
5 cm A9
The Greater Zab Valley
322
US 129 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.129.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A2+15 A3
XIII
surface break
ø
h
th
19
6.3
1.2-1.6
11
5.6
0.6-0.8
A4
8
2.2
1.0-1.2
5
2.9
0.7-1.0
A6
19
7.9
1.1-1.4
19
6.7
1.2
A7 A8
XIII [13/12]
21
6.0
1.9
21
7.5
1.1
A10
18
4.4
0.5
A11
5.5
1.9
0.4
A9
XVI
A12 A13
14/15
A14 A16 A17 A18 A19 A20
forming treatment
A5
20
2.5
0.7
XIV
11
3.5
0.4
VIII
25 19 15 12 8 11
5.1 3.4 2.8 5.2 3.0 3.7
0.8-1.0 0.7 0.5 0.4-0.6 0.3 0.6
decoration
temper
l. reddish brown greyish brown l. reddish brown buff l. grey reddish brown l. reddish brown buff l. grey buff l. reddish brown greyish brown l. reddish brown reddish brown greyish reddish brown l. reddish brown l. grey l. yellow reddish yellow l. yellow buff r.: p. grey core
colour
technique
colour
V (s.m.l) f. M l(s.m.l) s
WS
7.5YR7/4
W
M l(t.s.m) fs a.
WS
10YR7/4
W
M l(s.m) fs
0
2.5Y7.5/3
W
0 fc
WS
7.5YR7/6
M l(s.m.l) s f.
out.: WS
10YR7/4
V (s) f. M l(s.m.l) s
out.: WS in.: 0
7.5YR7.5/4
W
WS?
10YR7/4
NTW
WS
7.5YR6/4.5
H
M cs
WS
5YR6/8
NTW
M l(t) f. m fs
out.: WS
2.5Y8/3
W
M l(t) fs a.
er.
7.5YR6/6 pr
W
2.5Y8/3
W
10YR8/3 10YR7/3 2.5Y7.5/3 10YR7.5/3 10YR7.5/3 7.5YR7/6
W W W W W W
M cs a. pebbles f. M f/q(s.m.l) a.
reddish brown
M l(t) fs a.
buff greyish brown l. yellowish brown buff greyish brown reddish brown
V (s.m.l) a. M u-black part.(s.m) M l(t.s.m) cs a. M l(s.m.l) a. cs a. M fs M l(s) a. fs a.
out.: WS Ss in.: t. WS b. 0 WS? er. 0 er. WS 0 0
W GRV
H+SW
CMB
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A1
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
19
4.9
0.9
temper
surface
treatment
t. p. brown black t. p. brown
M l(s.m.l) s
out.: WS in.: WS (tt.) porous
decoration
colour
technique
5Y8/1.5
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
W
=A15
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
323
US 129 PL.PP.129.1 A14
A6
A10
A2+15
A3
A7
A13
A9
A8
A16
A20
A19
A17
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A18
A5
A4
A11
A12
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
324
US 130 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٣٠
NUMBER ON MAP
US 130 S 165
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
ناوى نيه
LOCAL NAME
No name
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°23'32"N 43°47'13"E
DMS
0391217, 4028139
UTM 38S
298
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Banênān
IDENTIFICATION
LOCATION. On the peninsula of the middle Zab terrace, north of a seasonal stream valley, c. 1.5 km north-north-east of Banênān. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A scatter of small pottery fragments extends along the edge of the Zab terrace, where the sherds are more frequent. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A small village of the Neo-Assyrian period. One of a series of small sites along the western bank of the Zab (cf. US 121, US 122, US 123 and US 128 upstream; US 134 and US 136 downstream). The site was probably re-occupied in the Late Sasanian period.
car survey 3 October 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
number of sherds
9
1
area
1.23
0.61
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
325
US 130 PHOTOS US 130 in relation to the other sites on the western bank of the Greater Zab, view from the south-east. On the left, the road from Bşĩrĩān to Dālarê.
Photo by J. Mardas US 123
US 131
US 129
US 130
South-eastern part of the site.
Photo by X. Kolińska
US 130
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
326
US 130 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.130.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A1 A24 A25
surface break
14
h
th
3.2
1.2
6.7
0.5-0.9
1.7
1.0
forming treatment
d. yellowish green overfired reddish brown buff t. reddish brown p. grey h.: p. reddish brown core
decoration
temper colour
technique
CMB
colour
V (s.m.l) Ms
out.: er. in.: 0
2.5Y7/2
M fs a. m
out.: WS in.: er.
7.5YR8/4
W+H (h.)
M l(t.s) fs a.
er.
2.5Y8/2
H (h.)
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
W
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
327
US 130 PL.DF.130.1
0
5 cm A25
A1
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A24
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
328
US 130 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.130.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A2 A3
11/10
XI
A4
surface break
ø
h
th
?
10.6
2.8
12
3.3
0.6
p. grey buff p. grey buff l. greenish grey
10
3.2
0.5
buff l. reddish brown l. reddish brown l. olive
A6
XIV
13
3.5
0.8
A7
XIV
8
2.3
0.5
11/1
XI
?
2.5
1.1
l. grey
A9
11/1
XI
21
2.3
0.5
p. yellowish green
A10
11
3.1
0.7
A11
10
2.4
0.8
21
2.5
0.8
buff
12
2.3
0.6
l. grey
A14
11/1
XI
A16
11/2
XI
17
2.7
0.6
A17
14/14
XIV
27
2.0
0.9
A18
16/1
XVI
7
2.1
0.5
A19
6
3.0
0.8
A21
9
2.4
0.8
A24 A26
14 11/0
XI
A27 A28
XI
6.7
p. yellowish grey reddish brown buff reddish brown l. yellow yellowish green overfired buff
0.5-0.9
reddish brown buff t. reddish brown
21
3.3
0.7
buff
8
1.2
1.2
8
1.1
0.7
p. grey buff l. grey buff
out.: WS in.: bitumen
V (s.m.l) a.
A8
A13
forming treatment
reddish brown l. brown reddish brown greyish brown l. grey greyish brown
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
10YR8/3 lr
H+SW
V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) fs f. M l(s.m.l) a. cs
WS
5Y8/2
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
M l(s.m.l) cs
WS
10YR8/3
W
er.
2.5Y7/1.5
W
WS
5Y8/3 pr
W
V (s.m.l) M fs m a.
WS
2.5YR6/6
W
M l(t.s) s
0 or er.
10YR8/3
W
WS
7.5YR8/5
W
WS
5Y7.5/1
W
5Y8/2
W
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m) V (s) f. M fs
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) f. fs V (s.m) M u-black part.(s.m) V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l)
0
M l(t) fs a. m
WS
M s a.
WS out.: er. in.: WS WS in.: tt.
V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l) fc M fs a. m V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m) fs V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) M u-black part.(m) f. fc
10YR8/3 2.5Y8/4
W
5Y8/3 lr
W
10YR8/4
W
out.: WS in.: er.
7.5YR8/4
W+H (h.)
WS
7.5YR8/4
W
?
10YR8/3
W
WS
10YR8/4
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
surface
temper
treatment
A5
XI
?
3.3
0.5
buff
A12
XI
27
2.2
0.6
buff
A15
XI
28
2.4
0.7
buff
A23
11
2.5
0.7
l. greyish green overfired
A20
5
1.0
0.6
p. grey
V (s.m) M l(s.m.l) f. V (s.m.l) M fs m f. V (s.m) (l) f. Mm fc M l(s.m.l) s u-black part. a. M l(s) s u-black part.
WS
decoration
forming
colour
technique
colour
cream
W
=A16
er.
7.5YR8/5
W
=A16
out.: WS in.: P (tr.)
7.5YR8/4
W
=A16
5Y8/3 greener
W
=A19
10YR8/3
W
=A27
0? WS
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
W
analogy
= C8
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
329
US 130 PL.PP.130.1 A14
A26
A9
A16
A8
A13
A24
A17
A2
A4
A3
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A7
A10
A18
A6
A11
A19
A28
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A21
A27
The Greater Zab Valley
330
US 131 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٣١
NUMBER ON MAP
US 131 S 148
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
قه برى ده زان
LOCAL NAME
Qabr-ĩ Dazān
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
tell
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION 0381737, 4034226 295
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Banênān
IDENTIFICATION car survey 10 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Koliński, R., Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project. Report on the Field Activities in the Province of Duhok for the 2015 Season, p. 10. Mardas, J., Iraqi Kurdistan’s heritage in the face of regional development: state of preservation of archaeological sites and damage assessment – a provisional report. Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 26/1, pp. 815, 821.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 3
4
C
D
difficult
E
F
G
H
I
J
LOCATION. On the edge of the middle Zab terrace, south of a medium-sized stream valley, c. 3.15 km south of Dālarê and 2.26 km north-east of Banênān. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The original form of the site is difficult to reconstruct because it has been heavily transformed by recent construction activities. It was probably a low mound located on a peninsula of the Zab terrace forming a conglomerate rock cliff, limited by a large seasonal stream joining just north of the site, and forming a relatively wide valley with a gentle southern slope. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.112 ha, B – undetermined. Area A is located on the southern part of the terrace’s slope, below the site, while Area B is located around the two uppermost fishponds which have been dug into the flat top of the site, resulting in large amounts of sherds being visible on the surface. DAMAGES. The site is nearly entirely destroyed by three large fishponds constructed within its area. Two of them occupy the highest part of the site, while the eastern one seems to be located on a lower terrace. Two accommodation containers were situated between the ponds and the edge of the river valley, and the area between them was covered with concrete. Between 2015 and 2017, a two-storey house was built in the eastern corner of the site. The eastern slope of the terrace is very steep and prone to erosion. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. An important settlement from the late 3rd and the 2nd millennium BC. The other 3rd-millennium site in the area is US 128, located just 500 m upstream. Middle Bronzeage settlement in this part of the valley is also sparse, the only other sites being US 134 and US 137, located c. 3.25 km and c. 5 km downstream respectively. Late Bronze age sites occur more frequently: Mitanni sherds were identified at US 121, c. 2.9 km downstream, and at US 138 and US 140, located c. 6 km and c. 8 km downstream respectively; US 138 yielded some Middle Assyrian sherds as well.
36°23'44"N 43°47'34"E
UTM 38S
2
B
on the main river
DESCRIPTION
DMS
1
A
large river valley
7
8
9
10
number of sherds
5
6
16
27
11
8
area
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
11
12
13
14
15
16
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
331
US 131 PHOTOS Bird’s-eye view of US 131 from the north (2017).
The settlement hill in 2015, view from the north-west. The photo shows the construction of a fish farm.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
Photo by X. Kolińska
The Greater Zab Valley
332
US 131 PHOTOS View from the north-east of the three pools, buildings, and technical pools in the southern part of the site and below it (2017).
The top of the site with the pools seen from the south (2017). The Greater Zab on the left. Name of the guard dog? Unknown!
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
Photo by X. Kolińska
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
333
US 131 PHOTOS North-western slope of the settlement hill (2015).
Photo by X. Kolińska
North-eastern slope of US 131 (2015).
Photo by X. Kolińska
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
334
US 131 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.131.1 dimensions
No
A13
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
8/0
A26
7/4
VIII
surface break
ø
h
th
27
5.1
0.8
buff yellowish green overfired
VII
3.2
1.0
decoration
temper
forming treatment
V (s.m.l) M l(t) l(l) f. V (s.m.l) Ms
colour
technique
colour
WS
10YR8/3
RSD+INC (r.)
W
out.: WS in.: bitumen
5Y8/2 lr
CMB
W
A27
[10/6]
5.6
0.9
p. brown
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
cream
INC
A28
8/1
VIII
3.8
0.7
buff
M fs a. m
WS
10YR8/2
PNT
7.5YR7/4
W
A31
8/1
VIII
4.6
0.6
l. greyish green
0
5Y8/2
PNT
2.5Y5/2 (tr.)
W
A34
7/4
VII
2.8
1.0
p. greenish yellow
V (s.m) M l(s) l(m) f.
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: ?
5Y8/2
CMB
A35
8/1
VIII
4.4
0.9
l. brown
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
cream
PNT
0.8
reddish buff reddish
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m) cs f.
WS
5YR8/3
INC (r.)
B14
8/0
VIII
30
3.0
B19
8/0
VIII
24
7.7
1.1-1.3
B37
8/1
VIII
23
3.0
0.6
l. reddish brown
B42
7/4
VII
5.6
0.9
l. brown
B55
8/0
VIII
5.9
0.8
l. brown
34
buff
V (s.m) M l(s) s V (s.m.l) a. M l(s) f. s f. V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) s V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) l(m) f. s
W
W 5YR7/4
W W
out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
10YR8/2 lr
INC (r.)
WS Ss
2.5Y8/2 lr
PNT (r.)
out.: WS
7.5YR8/2
CMB
W
7.5YR8/3 lr
INC (r.)
W
er.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
W 5YR6/5
W
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
335
US 131 PL.DF.131.1
0 A26
A34
5 cm B42
B14
B19
B55
B37
A28
A13
A31
A35
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A27
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
336
US 131 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.131.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
decoration
temper
forming treatment
colour
A5
[10/11]
VII
13
4.0
1.2
buff
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) fs
er.
10YR8/3
A8
10/11
VIII-X
15
7.3
1.0-1.4
buff
V (s.m.l)
WS
2.5Y8/2
4.4
1.0
yellowish green overfired
V (s.m.l) a.
5.4
1.0
buff
2.6
1.0
l. grey
3.3
0.7
p. brown
A29
VII
A30 A32
VII
A33 A36 A37
VII
B2 B5
VII
B10 B20
[10/11]
VII
7.4
1.8-2.0
p. brown yellowish green overfired yellowish green overfired
V (s.m.l) M l(t) l(m.l) f. s V (s.m.l) M l(s)
0
V (s.m.l)
W+H
5Y8/2
INC
W
10YR8/3
INC
W
cream
INC
W
5Y8/2 lr
INC
W
cream
INC
W
5Y7/2.5
RSD+IMP
SW+H
5Y8/3
RSD+IMP
W
INC (r.)
W
out.: 0 in.: er. out.: WS in.: 0
greenish cream
0.8
0.4-0.6
p. green
33
7.9
1.7
l. green
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS
5Y8/2
18
10.1
0.8-1.0
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) s
out.: WS
5YR7/6
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m) f.
out.: WS in.: smooth
5Y8/2 lr
RSD+IMP
?
V (s.m.l) a.
0
cream
RSD+IMP
W
V (s.m.l) M l(s) s a.
er.
10YR8/3
APL
W
B33 B34
1.4
V (s.m.l) a.
W+H
8
VII
[21/1]
B38
0.7-1.4
8.7
V (s.m.l) M l(t) l(l) f. s V (s.m) M s a.
colour
V (s) f. M fs?
B31 B32
13.9
out.: ? in.: 0 out.: WS in.: bitumen out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: bitumen out.: WS in.: scr.
technique
22
9.1
1.4-1.7
5.6
1.4
3.2
0.9
t. reddish brown buff t. reddish brown p. greyish green p. yellowish green buff p. yellowish brown reddish brown greyish reddish brown
W
W+H
5.3
1.1
l. brown
V (s.m.l) a.
er.
2.5Y8/2
RSD+IMP
W
2.3
0.7
reddish brown
0
P
10YR8/3
INC
W
DECORATED FRAGMENTS NOT ILLUSTRATED dimensions
No
B45
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
10/11
IX-X
surface break
ø
h
th
11
5.9
0.5
forming treatment
p. brown
decoration
temper
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS in.: 0
colour
5Y8/2 lr
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
technique
colour
W+H
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
337
US 131 PL.DF.131.2
0
B20
A8
A5
A29
5 cm
B34
A30
B31
B32
B2
B10
B5
0 B38
A33
5 cm B33
A32
0
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A36
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
5 cm A37
The Greater Zab Valley
338
US 131 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.131.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A1
VIII
A2
surface break
ø
h
th
27
7.2
1.0-1.2
4.0
0.8-1.1
25
6.3
1.7
A12
17
4.6
0.5
A16
35
4.3
1.0
A17
21
3.3
0.7
A3
IX
A18 A19
l. reddish brown l. greyish brown p. greenish brown cream l. pinkish brown cream p. greyish brown grey p. greyish brown
1.2
p. greyish brown
1.0
buff
7
c5.5
0.6-1.0
p. green
10/6
X
VII
B48 10/13
WS
3.4
B35
B53
l. brown
6.0
B38
B49
out.: WS in.: er.
V (s.m.l.xl) M s f.
25
X
[10/13]
V (s.m.l) a.
38
10/6
B46
l. brown
IX
B11
24
4.1
0.9
brick red
22
2.3
0.7
26
4.8
0.5
24
5.5
0.8
reddish brown l. reddish brown l. grey l. reddish brown buff
IX
26
5.5
1.1
reddish brown
VIII
33
2.8
0.7
reddish brown
41
7.5
2.4-2.7
B54
forming treatment
28
p. brown
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
10YR8/3
W
10YR6.5/4
H
V (s.m)
out.: WS in.: 0 WS
V (s.m.l)
WS Ss
cream
W
V (s.m.l) f. M fs
WS Ss
2.5Y8/2
W
WS
cream
W
WS Ss
2.5Y8/2
W
WS
5Y8/2 lr
W
V (s.m.l.xl) a.
V (s.m.l) Ms V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m.l.xl) V (s.m) M l(t) 0
WS Ss P
7.5YR7/4
H
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
10YR8/3 lr
W
10YR8/3
INC
W
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
7.5YR7/3
W
V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) l(m) f. s V (s.m.l) M fs V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) s cs f.
WS
10YR8/2 lr
W
WS
5YR8/4
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
out.: ? in.: WS
cream
RSD+IMP
SW?+H
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
A20
38
4.7
0.9-1.3
A25
43
4.3
1.0
surface
temper
treatment
buff l. reddish brown
V (s.m.l) Ms V (s.m.l) M fs
WS WS Ss
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
7.5YR7/4
H
=A2
10YR8/3 lr
W
=B11
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
339
US 131 PL.PP.131.1 A12
A16
B48
B46
B53
A17
A19
A1
B49
A3
A18
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B11
B35
B38
A2
B54
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
340
US 131 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.131.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A10 A13
8/0
VIII
A14 B10 B12 B14
7/4 8/0
VII VIII
surface break
ø
h
th
29
12.0
1.6-2.1
27
5.1
0.8
19 33
5.4 7.9
0.5-0.7 1.7
l. brown l. green
43
7.2
0.8-1.3
p. green
0.8
reddish buff reddish
30
3.0
buff
B15
8/1
VIII
29
5.2
1.0
B19
8/0
VIII
24
7.7
1.1-1.3
B21
8/1
VIII
B27 B37
8/1
VIII/IX
B40
forming treatment
pinkish brown
l. reddish brown buff
decoration
temper
V (s.m.l) M fs V (s.m.l) M l(t) l(l) f. V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m.l)
in.: WS Ss WS
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m) cs f. V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) s f. V (s.m) M l(s) s
technique
colour
7.5YR8/3 lr 10YR8/3
SW+H RSD+INC (r.)
W
WS out.: WS out.: WS in.: bitumen
cream 5Y8/2
INC (r.)
W W
5Y8/2
CMB
W
WS
5YR8/3
INC (r.)
WS out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0 out.: WS in.+r.: bitumen
W 5YR7/6 5YR6/5
7.5YR8/3
PNT
10YR8/2 lr
INC (r.)
W
cream
PNT
2.5YR6/6
W
PNT (r.)
5YR6/5
W
W
31
9.4
1.2
l. reddish brown
16
7.5
1.1
buff
23
3.0
0.6
l. reddish brown
20
6.7
1.0
buff grey
V (s.m.l) a.
buff
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) f. s f.
WS
10YR8/3
INC
W
reddish brown l. greyish brown reddish brown
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) l(l) f. s
WS
10YR8/2 lr
INC
W
B47
10/17
IX
32
7.3
1.1
B57
8/2
VIII
27
8.7
0.9-1.1
V (s.m.l)
colour
V (t.s.m) (l) f. Ms V (s.m.l) a. M l(s) f. s f.
WS
7.5YR8/3
WS Ss
2.5Y8/2 lr
out.: WS in.: 0
10YR8/3
H
H
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
B55
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
8/0
VIII
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
34
5.9
0.8
surface
temper
treatment
l. brown
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) l(m) f. s
er.
decoration
colour
technique
7.5YR8/3 lr
INC (r.)
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
W
=A13
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
341
US 131 PL.PP.131.2 B12
B10
A14
B57 B37
B21
B19
B14
A13
B15
A10
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B47
B40
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B27
The Greater Zab Valley
342
US 131 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.131.3 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A11 A15 A23 A24
8/1
A38
surface break
ø
h
th
34
7.7
1.5-1.8
reddish brown l. brown reddish brown
28
4.7
1.3
p. greenish grey
17 25
1.8 4.6
0.3 1.0
l. yellowish green l. brown
VII
26
3.9
1.7
p. pinkish brown
B1
VIII
30
7.1
1.0
B8
VIII
26
7.0
1.1-1.3
l. reddish brown
14
8.5
0.8-1.1
l. brown
B9
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) s
p. grey
B29
10/5
X
14
7.0
0.6-0.8
p. greenish brown
B30
10/14
IX
25
4.5
1.3
l. greenish yellow
1.2
reddish brown l. brown reddish brown
B36
22
B39
VIII
B44 B52 B56
7/14
VII
8.7
forming treatment
X VIII
10
3.8
0.6
l. reddish brown
14
3.8
0.8
reddish brown
13
3.9
0.8
41
3.9
1.1
l. grey greyish brown l. yellowish green
decoration
temper
out.: WS in.: 0
V (s.m.l) f. M l(s) s M l(s) fs V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) M s f. PG? (s.m) V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m.) s cs f. V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) l(m) f. fs V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) l(m) f. s V (s.m.l) Mm V (s.m.l) Mm
colour
H
WS
cream
W
0 WS
5Y7.5/2 10YR8/3 lr
WS
5Y8/2 lr
WS Ss
PNT
2.5YR5/1
W W W
5Y8/2
RSD+IMP
10YR8/2 lr
RSD+INC
W W
WS
10YR8/3
W
out.: WS
5Y8/2 lr
W
5Y8/2
W
out.: P in.: er.
5YR7/5
?
WS
10YR8/2
W
cream
W
WS
V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs V (s.m) (l) f. M l(t) V (s.m) f. M l(t) fs V (s.m.l) a.
technique
7.5YR7/4
out.: WS in.: er.
M q(s.m.l.xl) a.
colour
out.: WS Ss in.: WS WS er.
10YR8/1.5
W
5Y8/3
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø
h
th
[10/15]
VIII
27
6.2
1.1-1.3
B41
VIII
36
4.7
0.7
l. beige
B51
VIII
26
7.9
1.2
l. brown pinkish brown l. brown
B28
break
dimensions
surface
temper
treatment
yellowish green overfired
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) f. V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) f. V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) s f.
out.: WS in.: er.
decoration
colour
technique
5Y8/3
RSD
forming
analogy
colour
W
=B1
WS
10YR8/3 lr
W
=B1
WS
10YR8/2 lr
W
=B8
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
343
US 131 PL.PP.131.3 B56
A11
B36
B39
A23
A24
B44
B29
B52
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A15
A38
B8
B9
B1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B30
The Greater Zab Valley
344
US 131 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.131.4 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
15
5.2
1.1
buff
A6
8
3.0
0.5
buff
A7
4
1.5
0.5
p. yellowish grey
0
A9
12
3.3
0.9-1.1
p. brown
V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l) a.
A4
8/6
VIII/IX
A22
8/6
VIII
13
1.5
0.8
p. greyish green
10/3
IX
2
1.5
0.5
p. brown
B3
10/8
X
1
3.2
0.4-0.6
buff
B4
10/3
IX?
2
2.3
0.4-0.6
l. brownish grey
VII
8
0.8
0.4-0.6
p. green
V (s.m.l) a. M l(t.s) s? V (s.m.l) a. M l(t.s)
B6
10/8
X
1.5
3.5
0.5-0.8
p. brown
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) fs V (s) f. M l(t.s.m) l(l) f. s V (s.m) f. M fs m. f. V (s) f. M fs? M fs
B7
10/3
IX?
2.5
3.1
0.4-0.8
p. greyish brown
M fs
B13
16
6.7
1.0-1.4
l. beige
B16
17
4.8
0.8
V (s.m.l) V (s.m) M l(t) fs m f.
B5
B17
17
c5.2
1.3-2.0
buff
V (s.m.l.xl)
15
3.8
1.2-1.6
l. yellowish green
V (s.m.l)
8/6
X
10
4.9
2.0
l. brown
V (s.m.l)
8/6
VII/VIII
10
3.2
0.7
chocolate brown
V (s.m.l) a.
IX
13
4.0
0.7-0.9
VIII
17
2.6
1.4
reddish brown
10
6.2
1.1-1.5
reddish brown
8/6
B22 B23 B24 B25
reddish brown
VIII
B18
8/6
B26
forming treatment
A39
l. brown
decoration
temper
out.: WS in.: er. WS in.: tt. out.: WS in.: ? out.: WS in.: er. out.: WS in.: er. out.: WS in.: ? er. WS out.: WS in.: 0 WS out.: WS in.: 0 WS WS t.: WS b.: 0 out.: WS out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0/er.
V (s.m.l) M fs? V (s.m.l) a. M l(t) m V (s.m.l)
colour
technique
colour
10YR8/3
W
10YR8/3
W
2.5Y8/2
W
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
5Y8/2 lr
W
10YR8/2
W
7.5YR8/3
W
10YR8/1.5
W
greenish cream
W
2.5Y8/2
W
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
5Y8/2
W
7.5YR8/3
W
cream
H
5Y8/2 lr
W
2.5Y8/2 pr
W
2.5Y8/2
W
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
WS
cream
W
WS
2.5Y8/2 pr
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
B43
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
15
2.8
0.5
temper
surface
treatment
l. brown
V (s.m) (l) f. M l(t) fs
out.: WS in.: er. r.: bitumen (tr.)
decoration
colour
technique
10YR8/3
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
W
=B13
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
345
US 131 PL.PP.131.4 B5 B18
B25 A22
A4 B23
B24
B7 B4
A39
B22 B3
B6
B26
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B16
A9
A6 A7
B13
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B17
The Greater Zab Valley
346
Aerial and satellite imagery AERIAL IMAGERY US 132 – US 133
AERIAL IMAGERY US 132
US 132
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 133
U2/B1554-R4R-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
U2/B1554-R4R-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2021 Microsoft Corporation © 2021 DigitalGloge © CNES (2021) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY US 132 – US 133 AERIAL IMAGERY US 133
US 132
BANÊNĀN
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 133
U2/B1554-R4R-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
© 2021 Microsoft Corporation © 2021 DigitalGloge © CNES (2021) Airbus DS
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
© 2021 Microsoft Corporation © 2021 DigitalGloge © CNES (2021) Airbus DS
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banêmān 347
Aerial and satellite imagery
SATELLITE IMAGERY: US 132 & US 133 in 2019 SATELLITE IMAGERY: US 132 & US 133 in 2021
SATELLITE IMAGERY: US 133 in 2019 SATELLITE IMAGERY: US 133 in 2021
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
348
US 132 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٣٢
NUMBER ON MAP
US 132 S 166
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
سه رحاوي
LOCAL NAME
Sarḥāū-ĩ
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE
LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE large river valley SETTING RELATION on the streams, tributaries of the Greater Zab TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION good CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°23'12"N 43°46'51"E
DMS
0390675, 4027529
UTM 38S
290
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Banênān
IDENTIFICATION car survey 3 October 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
LOCATION. On the peninsula of the middle Zab terrace, north and east of a seasonal stream valley, c. 750 m north-north-east of Banênān. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A sherd scatter covering the flat top of a peninsula formed by the Zab terrace and a deeply incised seasonal stream valley. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A small hamlet or farmstead from the Neo-Assyrian period, similar to US 122, US 123, US 128 and US 130 located upstream. Larger sites of the same date include US 130, c. 0.75 km upstream, and US 134, c. 2 km downstream. The site was resettled in the Hellenistic period and remained in use to a limited extent in the Parthian period. The settlement sequence at US 132 thus mirrors the situation on US 121, US 122 upstream, and US 137 and US 138 downstream.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 13
14
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11 3
12
7
1
area
0.6
0.6
0.3
15
16
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
349
US 132 PHOTOS US 132 in the foreground. In the distance, the sites located along the western bank of the Greater Zab.
US 132 seen from the south. In the background, the location of US 130 is marked.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
Photo by X. Kolińska
The Greater Zab Valley
350
US 132 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.132.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
A19
4.6
0.9
p. green
V (s.m.l) a. M s f.
A20
7.4
1.2-1.4
p. brown
M l(s) f. s a.
A21
5.7
0.9
2.5
0.5
l. brown l. beige reddish brown grey h.: grey core
A23
19
A24
XIII
A25
XIII
9
decoration
temper
forming treatment
colour
technique
er.
5Y8/2.5
RSD+IMP
W
out.: P in.: WS
10YR8/3
RSD+IMP
W
V (s.m.l) M s f.
out.: WS Ss
2.5Y8/2
RSD
W
M cs a.
WS
3.2
0.4
buff
M fs a.
0 or er.
1.2
0.7
l. greyish brown
M l(t.s) fs a.
deco
colour
7.5YR7/6
W+H (h.)
2.5Y8/3
INC+PNT
2.5YR6/6
W
?
GLZ
blue
W
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
351
US 132 PL.DF.132.1
0
5 cm A24
A25
A23
A21
A19
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A20
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
352
US 132 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.132.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
A1
21
2.0
0.6
p. grey
A2
18
3.1
0.7
l. reddish brown
21
3.2
0.6
18
2.0
0.6
p. brown buff beige buff buff l. reddish brown greyish green heavily overfired p. brown t. p. yellow l. reddish brown
A3
11/1
XI
A4 A5
13/2
XIII
A7 A8
XIII
A9
11/1
A10
[11/1]
A11
11/2
4.0
0.7
18
6.0
0.7-1.3
14
2.7
0.7
3.9
0.7
20
2.7
0.5
XI
27
3.4
0.8-1.0
XIII
13
3.1
0.5
buff
XIII
11 19 3.5
3.0 3.7 1.3
0.6 1.0 0.4
A18
8
3.3
0.8-1.0
A22
23
1.3
0.6
9
3.2 1.2
0.4 0.7
buff p. yellowish grey p. brown n.d. overfired t. reddish brown buff buff l. greyish brown
A12 A13 A14 A17
13/2
A24 A25
XI
XIII XIII
forming treatment
10
p. yellowish grey reddish brown greyish brown reddish brown
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
M fs a. V (s.m) M l(t) fs M fs a.
WS
cream
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
0
WS
cream
W
M l(s.m) f. fs
WS
10YR8/3
W
M l(s.m.l) s a.
0?
5Y7/2.5
M l(s) f. s a. V (s.m.l) a. M fs V (s) f. M fs
WS?
10YR8/3
WS
cream
W
WS? er.
5Y8/2
W
V (s.m.l) a. M m f.
WS Ss
cream
W
V (s.m.l) M l(t) s M l(s.m.l) s a. M s a. M fs
out.: WS in.: er. er. er. er.
M l(s.m) fs?
WS
M fs a. M l(t.s) fs a.
W INC
W
10YR8/3
W
10YR8/3 5Y8/2 7.5YR8/4
W W W
5Y8/2
out.: WS in.: 0 0 or er. deco
M l(t) fs a.
W
W
7.5YR8/4
out. r.: PNT (tr.)
5YR6/6
W
2.5Y8/3 ?
INC+PNT GLZ
2.5YR6/6 blue
W W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A15 A16
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
XIII
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
12
2.8
0.6
15
2.5
0.7
surface
temper
treatment
reddish brown buff buff
V (s.m) f. M s a. M l(s.m) l(l) f. fs
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
WS
5YR7.5/4
W
=A5
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
=A7
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
353
US 132 PL.PP.132.1
A11
A10
A24
A3
A9
A22
A1
A2
A4
A5
A14
A12
A8
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A13
A7
A18 A25
A17
GLAZED
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
354
US 133 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٣٣
NUMBER ON MAP
US 133 S 167
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
٢ سه رحاوي
LOCAL NAME
Sarḥāū-ĩ 2
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE
LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE large river valley SETTING RELATION on the stream, tributary of the Greater Zab TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION good CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°23'01"N 43°46'48"E
DMS
0390589, 4027200
UTM 38S
288
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
LOCATION. On the edge of the middle Zab terrace, c. 500 m north of Banênān. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A dense sherd scatter covering a small area adjacent to the edge of the Zab terrace. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A very small site, which yielded only a few Late Sasanian and Islamic pottery sherds.
Banênān
IDENTIFICATION car survey 3 October 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
number of sherds
3
1
area
0.1
0.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
355
US 133 PHOTOS Bird’s-eye view of US 133 from the north.
Photo by J. Mardas
MISCELLANEOUS FIND ON PL.MF.133.1 FIELD NUMBER A17
TYPE bracelet
MATERIAL glass
DIMENSIONS (cm)
PRESERVATION
4.2 x 0.8 x 0.8
fragment
PL.MF.133.1
0
5 cm
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A17
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
356
US 133 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.133.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø
A1
[16/8]
A2 A3
XVI
surface break
h
th
4.3
1.2-1.5
reddish p. brown reddish
M l(s.m.l) s cs f.
3.3
0.7
p. brown
M l(t.s.m) fs
6.8
1.5
A15
4.9
01.cze
A16
7.0
1.4-1.7
forming treatment
reddish brown buff l. brown reddish brown l. brown l. grey buff
decoration
temper
M l(t.s.m.l) fs a.
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0
colour
technique
colour
7.5YR8/3
INC+IMP
W
2.5Y8/3 pr
CMB
W
10YR8/4
INC+IMP
M l(s.m.l) a. cs
0
10YR8/4
M l(t.s.m.l) fs a.
out.: WS in.: 0
10YR8/4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
NTW W+H (h.)
INC+IMP+RSD
H
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
357
US 133 PL.DF.133.1
0
5 cm A3
A2
A1
A15
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A16
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
358
US 133 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.133.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A4
surface break
ø
h
th
46
7.5
1.6
buff
A5
13
3.9
0.5-0.9
A6
15
3.6
0.6
A8
9
5.5
0.7
A9 A10 A11
16/1
XVI
A12
16/1
XVI
25
4.6
1.3
10 13
2.9 3.0
0.6 0.5
14
1.5
0.5
A13
10
2.4
0.5
A14
19
3.2
0.9
forming treatment
l. brown reddish buff t. l. grey l. brown brown l. reddish brown brown reddish brown l. reddish brown reddish brown buff p. yellow p. reddish brown reddish brown
decoration
temper
out.: bitumen in.: WS out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: er. out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
M cs a. vcs f. M l(s.m.l) s a. M cs a. M l(s.m) cs a.
colour
technique
colour
?
?
10YR8/3
W
10YR8/4
W
7.5YR8/3
W
M l(s.m.l.xl) a. cs
out.: WS in.: er.
7.5YR8/3
H+SW
Ms M l(t) fs a.
WS Ss er.
10YR8/3 lr 7.5YR8/4
W W
M l(t) fs a.
out.: WS Ss
10YR8/3 pr
W
M l(t) fs
WS
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
M cs a.
out.: WS in.: 0
7.5YR7/4
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A7
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
14
3.2
1.0
surface
temper
treatment
l. grey l. greyish brown
M l(s.m.l) cs a.
WS
decoration
colour
technique
2.5Y8/2
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
W
=A8
Right bank. Between Dālarê and Banênān
359
US 133 PL.PP. 133.1
A4
A10
A11
A12
A5
A8
A6
A14
A13
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A9
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Imagery generated by J. Mardas
© 2020 Microsoft Corporation, © HERE
SATELLITE IMAGERY. BETWEEN US 134 AND US 143
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
THE RIGHT BANK BETWEEN BANÊNĀN AND HANCĨRŪK NŪÊ
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
362
Aerial and satellite imagery AERIAL IMAGERY US 134 – US 135
US 134
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 135
U2/B1554-R4R-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY US 134 – US 135
BANÊNĀN
US 134
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 135
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
363
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 134
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4R-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
SATELLITE IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4R-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 135
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
364
US 134 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٣٤
NUMBER ON MAP
US 134 S 149
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
گۆبڕستانى شيخ صالح
LOCAL NAME
Gobṟstān-ĩ Şĩx Ṣālaḥ
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
tell
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river poor
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°22'13"N 43°46'40"E
DMS
0390369, 4025725
UTM 38S
293
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Banênān
IDENTIFICATION interview 10 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Mardas, J., Iraqi Kurdistan’s heritage in the face of regional development: state of preservation of archaeological sites and damage assessment – a provisional report. Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 26/1, pp. 815, 818.
LOCATION. On a high conglomerate cliff overlooking the Greater Zab riverbed, in the eastern part of Banênān village. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. Most probably a mounded site on the top of a high conglomerate cliff covered with a c. 3-m-thick soil deposit composed mainly of cultural layers. The site is almost completely overbuilt with the houses of Bānanān village; therefore, while it was possible to verify its existence in areas adjacent to the cliff, its width remains unknown. AREAS COLLECTED. A – undetermined, B – 0.160 ha, C – 0.042 ha, amounting to 12% of the reconstructed site area. Area A is located on the riverbank, under the cliff where the site lies. Area B is located in a small open area on the border of the terrace, in the southern part of the village, while Area C covers the central part of the site, in the garden of the moxtar’s house, close to the edge of the terrace. DAMAGES. The site is nearly completely overbuilt with houses of the Banênān village. The eastern part of the site, overlooking a conglomerate cliff over the Zab riverbed, is heavily eroded. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. The history and importance of this site are very difficult to reconstruct because it is completely covered by a large modern settlement. Some of the sherds collected suggest a Middle Bronze age, Mitanni, and Neo-Assyrian-period occupation, but this list may not be complete due to problems with collecting characteristic sherds. The settlement during the periods mentioned was probably a village of large or moderate size.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 8
9
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2
5
10
11 2
area
1.74
1.74
1.74
12
13
14
15
16
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
365
US 134 PHOTOS A cliff with visible settlement layers.
The town of Banênān and the extent of US 134, view from the north-east. Below, photos of US 132 and US 133.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by X. Kolińska
Photo by J. Mardas
The Greater Zab Valley
366
US 134 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.134.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø B1 B2
10/17
IX
B8 B11 C3
3.5 10/11
IX
13
C4 C8
surface break
9
h
th
decoration
temper
forming treatment
colour
technique
colour
5.4
0.6-1.1
p. greenish
M l(s.m) s a.
out.: WS
cream
INC
10.4
1.1
buff
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) f.
out.: WS
2.5Y8/2
INC
W
3.1
0.8
l. beige
V (s.m.l)
WS
cream
CMB
W
7.6
0.6
d. buff
0 fc
WS
10YR8/2 pr
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS
V (s.m.l) a.
0 in. b.: scr.
M l(t.s.m) s
0
5.9
0.7-0.9
16.0
1.2
6.3
0.8
buff grey buff yellowish green overfired l. brown buff
10YR8/2
W
H INC
W+H
5Y7.5/3
INC
W
2.5Y8/2 lr
CMB (r.)
W
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
367
US 134 PL.DF.134.1
0 C4
0
B8
B1
5 cm
B2
5 cm
C3
C8
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
B11
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
368
US 134 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.134.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
A1
5
3.6
0.4
A3
4
3.7
0.4-0.6
A4
10/12
IX
A5 A6
IX
B3 B4
11/1
XI
B5
forming
th
treatment
grey l. pinkish brown
49
4.1
1.1
l. brown
9
2.8
1.1
l. yellowish brown
15
c8.0
1.3-1.5
34
3.6
0.7
buff
25
2.7
0.9
brown
19
2.4
0.6
l. grey
l. yellow reddish l. yellow
decoration
temper
V (s.m) f. M l(t) fs M l(t) a. fs a. V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) s M fs a. V (s.m.l.xl) a. M l(s.m.l) V (s.m.l) M l(t) m G (s.m.l) V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs m V (s.m.l) f. M l(t) fs m
out.: P (tr.) in.: 0 WS out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0
colour
technique
colour
5Y6/1
W
5YR7/4
W sc
2.5Y8/3
W
2.5Y7/3
W
WS
10YR8/3 lr
H
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
0
10YR8/2.5
W
2.5Y7/2
W W
WS?
B10
XI
25
2.5
0.8
C1
VIII
34
3.9
0.7-0.9
reddish brown t. buff reddish brown l. greyish brown
VIII-IX
16
3.4
1.7
l. yellowish green
17
4.3
0.5
12 12
2.0 4.7
0.4 1.0
C8
9
6.3
0.8
M l(t.s.m) s
0
C9
31
4.6
0.8
buff
V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
1.3
l. reddish brown l. brown l. reddish brown
V (s.m.l) a. M b(l) f.
WS
7.5YR7/4
H
C2
8/6
C5 C6 C7
C10
IX
14
3.5
green / b.: green l. yellow overfired buff l. greyish green l. brown buff
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) l(l) f. fs f.
0
5YR7/6
V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) a. M l(t.s) fs f.
WS out.: WS in.: 0
5Y8/2 pr
W
5Y8/2
W
V (s.m) f. M l(s)
0?
5Y8/2
W
V (s.m) V (s.m.l) a.
WS WS
7.5YR8/3 5Y8/2
W W
2.5Y8/2 lr
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
CMB (r.)
W
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
369
US 134 PL.PP.134.1 C5
C9
C1
A4
B4
B10
B3
A6
B5
C6
C8
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
C10
C7 C2
A1
A3 A5
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
370
US 135 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٣٥
NUMBER ON MAP
US 135 S 168
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
ناوى نيه
LOCAL NAME
No name
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°21'54"N 43°46'16"E
DMS
0389769, 4025133
UTM 38S
276
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Banênān
LOCATION. On the edge of the middle Zab terrace, c. 250 m south of Banênān. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A very scarce sherd scatter covering a flat area adjacent to the edge of the terrace. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. A narrow irrigation channel running east-west cuts across its central part. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. The small scatter of sherds indicates activity at the site during an indeterminate portion of the Islamic period.
IDENTIFICATION transect 29 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
number of sherds
2
area
1,35
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
371
US 135 PHOTO Bird’s-eye view of US 135 from the north-west.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
The Greater Zab Valley
372
US 135 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.135.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A8
21/1
XXI
A9
h
th
5.0
1.5
4.8
A10
surface break
XXI
3.5
0.8 0.7
forming treatment
p. grey p. brown reddish buff reddish d. brown
decoration
temper
V (s.m.l)
er.
M l(s) l(m) f. cs a.
out.: WS in.: 0
V (s.m) f. M l(t)
0
colour
technique
colour
5Y8/1
RSD+IMP
NTW
7.5YR8/3
IMP+INC
W
5Y8/2
H
POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.135.1 dimensions
No
A1
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
11
2.3
1.0-1.3
forming treatment
yellowish green overfired
A2
8
4.1
0.8-1.6
p. greenish grey
A3
43
4.2
1.0-1.7
p. beige yellowish green overfired
decoration
temper
V (s.m) f. fc V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS
M l(s.m.l) fs?
A4
21
3.7
1.2
V (s.m.l) a.
0?
A5
26
2.5
0.5
light brown
V (s.m) f. M l(s.m) s
A7
12
1.9
0.5
reddish brown
M l(t) fs a.
out.: WS in.: er. out.: WS in.: er.
colour
p. green
technique
colour
W
cream
W
2.5Y8/2
W
5Y8/2
W
7.5YR8/3
W
2.5Y8/3
W
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
373
US 135 PL.DF.135.1
0 A8
5 cm A10
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A9
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY B. OPOKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
PL.PP.135.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
374
Aerial and satellite imagery AERIAL IMAGERY US 136 – US 137
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 137
US 136
U2/B1554-R4R-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
US 137
US 136
Image processed by J. Mardas
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY US 136 – US 137
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
375
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 136
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4R-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
SATELLITE IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4R-F0408/29.01.1960 Courtesy Jason Ur, Georeference Francesca Simi
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 137
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
376
US 136 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٣٦
NUMBER ON MAP
US 136 S 173
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
٢ چه مى گرداله
LOCAL NAME
Çem-ĩ Grdāla 2
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE
LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE large river valley SETTING RELATION on the stream, tributary of the Greater Zab TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION good CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°21'44"N 43°45'36"E
DMS
0388767, 4024855
UTM 38S
281
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Xandak
IDENTIFICATION
LOCATION. On a low hill located close to the edge of the middle Zab terrace, east of a seasonal stream, c. 1.15 km south of Banênān. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A flat site on the natural hill located to the north of a seasonal stream valley, c. 100 m west of the edge of the Zab terrace. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation, including intensive gardening activities. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A village occupied during the Late Sasanian and Early Islamic eras. The only major contemporary site in this part of the Zab Valley is US 126, located nearly 6 km upstream.
transect 23 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 16
17
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
25
21
3
area
1.51
1.51
1.51
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
377
US 136 PHOTO Bird’s-eye view of US 136 from the north-east. Further to the south, US 137 is visible in the upper right corner.
Photo by J. Mardas
MISCELLANEOUS FIND ON PL.MF.136.1 FIELD NUMBER A26
TYPE animal figurine
MATERIAL terracotta
DIMENSIONS (cm) 5.7 x 4.8 x 3.0
PRESERVATION head and neck preserved
PL.MF.136.1
0
5 cm
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A26
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
378
US 136 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.136.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A2
16/4
surface break
XVI
h
th
2.5
0.5
A6
16/4
XVI
4.0
0.9-1.1
l. yellow
A7
16/4
XVI
3.4
0.7-1.0
l. yellow
A8
16/4
XVI
3.8
1.2
A11
16/4
XVI
4.3
1.3-1.9
A12
16/4
XVI
A13
16/4
XVI
A14
16/4
XVI
A16
16/4
XVI
A18
16/4
XVI
15 8
8
14
forming treatment
l. yellow
l. greenish yellow n.d.
decoration
temper colour
technique
deco
?
GLZ
deco
?
GLZ
deco
?
GLZ
deco
?
GLZ
M l(s.m.l) f.
deco
?
GLZ
0 fc 0 fc
out.: 0 in.: t. deco b. WS
M fs f. V (s.m) f. M l(s.m) f. fs V (s.m) f. M l(s.m) f. fs V (s) f. M l(t.s) f. fs
out.: green in.: white, green out.: bluegreen in.: l. bluegreen out.: bluegreen in.: GLEY1 5.5/5G2 out.: bluegreen in.: GLEY1 7/5G2 out.: bluegreen in.: turquoise green
W W W W W
10YR8/3
GLZ
in.: green
W
?
GLZ
out.: p. green in.: l. green
W
1.5
0.6
l. yellow
2.5
0.5
l. yellow
1.6
0.7
l. yellow
0
out.: underglaze in.: deco
2.5Y8/2
GLZ
in.: green
W
2.6
0.8
l. greenish yellow
0
deco
?
GLZ
out.: bluegreen in.: GLEY1 5/5G1
W
4.6
2.2-2.7
l. olive / d. olive / l. yellow
M l(s.m) f. cs f. q
deco
?
GLZ
out.: turquoise green in.: GLEY1 7/5G1 pr
W
deco
A23
16/4
XVI
6.7
0.8
p. yellow
M l(s) f.
deco
?
GLZ
A24
16/4
XVI
1.6
0.7
p. yellow
0 fc
deco
?
GLZ
A81
16/1
XVI
2.6
0.6
p. green
M l(s.m.l) a. fs a.
er.
5Y8/2
IMP
9
colour
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
out.: bluegreen in.: GLEY1 8/5G1 out.: yellow in.: turquoise green
W W W
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
379
US 136 PL.DF.136.1
0
5 cm A81
A24
A2
A13
A6
A7
A16
A8
A23
A12
A14
A18
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A11
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
380
US 136 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.136.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
16/7
XVI
7.6
0.8-1.0
p. greenish grey
M l(s.m.l) a. s cs f.
A34
16/7
XVI
5.8
1.3-1.5
beige
M l(s) f. u-black part. a. s a.
A35
17/3
XVII
4.2
0.6
p. grey
M l(s.m.l) a. fs
A36
16/7
XVI
6.2
0.9-1.1
p. green
M l(s.m) a. s a.
3.3
0.3-0.5
p. brown
M l(s) f. fs f.
3.7
0.8
p. yellow p. grey
M l(s) f. fs f. fc
2.7
0.5
cream
M l(s.m.l) f.
A37
17/3
XVII
A38
17/3
XVII
A39
17/3
XVII
A40
17/3
XVII
4.0
0.6
p. greenish grey
M l(s.m) a. fs f.
A66
16/10
XVI
3.6
1.0-1.3
p. yellow p. greyish brown
M l(s.m.l) f. s a.
8
A69
16/7
XVI
3.9
0.7-0.9
p. yellow
M l(t.s) f. fs f.
A70
16/10
XVI
6.9
1.2
l. greenish grey
M l(s.m.l) f. fs f.
A76
16/10
XVI
8.0
1.2
l. green
M l(t.s) a. s a.
A77
16/7
XVI
5.6
0.9
p. greenish grey
M l(t.s) a. fs f.
A88
16/7
XVI
4.0
1.2-1.4
A92
21/2
XXI
2.9
0.6
10
forming treatment
A33
14
decoration
temper
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: deco in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0
colour
technique
colour
5Y8/2
CMB
W
2.5Y7/2
CMB
W
2.5Y8/2
MLD
M
5Y8/2.5
CMB
W
out.: deco
5Y8/2
MLD
M
out.: deco in.: 0
5Y8/2
MLD
M
out.: deco
5Y8/2
MLD
M
5Y8/2
MLD
M
5Y7.5/2.5
APL
W
out.: deco in.: 0 out.: deco in.: WS out.: WS in.: 0 out.: deco in.: 0 out.: deco in.: 0 out.: WS
5Y8/2
CMB
W
5Y7.5/2
APL
W
5Y7/3
APL
?
5Y8/2
CMB+IMP +INC
W
p. greenish grey
M l(t.s) f. fs a.
out.: WS
5Y8/2
INC+CMB
W
p. yellow
M l(s.m.l) f. fs f.
0?
5Y8/2
IMP
W
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
381
US 136 PL.DF.136.2
0 A69
A88
A36
A33
A70
A66
A39
A38
5 cm A34
A77
A37
A76
A40
A35
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A92
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
382
US 136 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.136.3 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
decoration
temper
forming
h
th
A1
3.6
1.9
reddish brown
M l(s.m) a. s a.
out.: WS in.: 0
A4
3.5
0.8
cream
M fs
WS
5Y8/2 pr
A5
6.2
1.5
p. brown
M fs
WS
5Y8/2 pr
0.7
l. orange l. yellow l. orange
M fs f.
deco
?
A10 A15
XVII
14
XVII
2.0
treatment
3.3
0.3-0.5
A17
27
4.5
0.9
orange l. yellowish brown
A20
21
1.5
0.4
l. orange
12
1.1
0.4
reddish
0.7
p. greenish grey
M l(s.m) a. s
colour
technique
colour
2.5Y8/2 pr
H (h.) INC
H (h.) H (h.)
GLZ
green out.: p. yellow in.: green, yellow in.: 2.5Y6/6 5Y6/6
W W
0 fc
deco
?
GLZ
V (s) f. M fs f. 0 fc M l(t.s) f. fc
out.: WS in.: deco
2.5Y8/2
GLZ
out.: WS
yellow
INC+GLZ +IMP?
p. yellow
7.5YR8/3
GLZ
in.: green
5Y8/2
INC+IMP
W
5Y8/2
INC+IMP
W
5Y8/2
INC+IMP
W
5Y8/2
CMB+IMP
W
5Y8/2
INC
W
5Y8/2
INC+IMP
W
2.5Y8/2
IMP
W
WS
2.5Y4/1
IMP
H
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0
5Y8/2
IMP
W
5Y8/3
RBD
W
5Y8/2
INC+IMP
W
A21
XVII
A32
XVI
4.2
A62
XVII
6.2
1.0
p. yellowish brown
M fs a.
A65
XVII
6.4
0.8
p. green
M l(t.s) f. fs
A67
5.7
0.8
p. yellow
M l(t.s) f. fs f.
A68
3.5
0.4
l. brown
M l(t.s) a. fs a.
A71
4.0
0.8
p. green p. yellow
M l(t.s) a. s a.
A80
4.7
0.6-0.8
p. greyish brown
M s a.
A82
3.0
1.8
black
M l(s.m) f. fs a.
A86
3.5
0.5
p. yellow
M l(t.s) f. fc
A89
4.8
0.7
p. yellow
M l(t.s) f. s a.
A91
6.1
0.7
p. grey
M l(t.s) f. s a.
out.: WS in.: deco out.: WS in.: 0 WS out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
W W W
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
383
US 136 PL.DF.136.3
0 A15
A20
A17
A21
A4
A32
A71
A82
A68
A62
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A67
A89
A5
A1
A80
A86
5 cm A10
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A65
A91
The Greater Zab Valley
384
US 136 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.136.4 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
A3
7.6
1.6
8.2
1.4-1.6
7.0 4.0
A19 A22
8
forming
th
A9
decoration
temper treatment
p. greenish grey
M l(s.m) f. fs
WS
p. yellow
M l(s.m.l) a. fs a.
out.: WS in.: 0
0.8
d. reddish brown
M l(s.m) a. cs a.
0
0.6
d. grey overfired
M l(s.m) f. q a.
out.: WS in.: 0
colour
technique
5Y8/2 pr 2.5Y8/2 pr
colour
H (h.) INC
SW+H (h.)
2.5YR5/6 pr
W+H (h.)
5Y5.5/2
W+H (h.)
2.5YR5/6
W+H (h.)
A25
4.3
0.7
l. reddish brown
M l(t.s) s cs f.
0
A27
6.7
n.d.
p. yellowish brown
M l(s.m.l) a. fs
WS
A29
6.0
0.9
l. grey
M l(s) a. fs a.
0
5Y7.5/2
INC+IMP
p. green
M l(s.m.l) a. fs
WS
5Y8/2 pr
IMP+INC
W
p. grey
M l(s.m.l) a. s a.
WS
5Y8/2
IMP+INC
W
10YR6/3 pr
CMB
W
2.5YR4/6
INC
W
2.5Y7.5/3
IMP
W+H (h.)
5Y7/3
INC
W
INC+CMB +IMP
W
A30
XVII
5.5
0.8-1.0
A31
XVII
9.4
0.9
6.5
1.2-1.5
l. yellowish green
V (s.m) f. M l(s.m.l) f. s f.
out.: WS in.: 0
bright reddish brown
M s a.
0
A41
5Y8/2
W+H (h.) W
A72
5.5
0.5-0.7
A75
4.8
0.8-1.0
buff
M l(s.m.l) f. fs a.
A78
4.2
0.9
p. green
M l(t.s) f. s a.
5.6
0.7
reddish buff / p. greenish grey p. yellow
M l(s.m) a. s a.
0
2.5Y8/2
5.2
1.1
buff
M l(s.m.l) f. s a.
er.
7.5YR7/4 / 10YR7/4
INC+IMP
NTW
1.2
d. grey grey d. grey
M l(t.s) f. fs a. cs a.
0
2.5Y6/4
RSD+IMP
W
A79 A84 A90
20
6.2
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
385
US 136 PL.DF.136.4
0 A84
A78
A30
A41
A72
A29
A22
A25
A3
A19
A90
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A31
5 cm
A79
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A75
A27
A9
The Greater Zab Valley
386
US 136 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.136.1 dimensions
No
A2 A13
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
16/4 16/4
XVI XVI
surface break
ø
h
th
?
2.5
0.5
l. yellow
M fs f.
19
2.5
0.5
l. yellow
A17
27
4.5
0.9
l. yellowish brown
A20
21
1.5
0.4
l. orange
19
10.3
0.5-0.8
A56
23
3.7
0.6-0.9
greenish grey grey greenish grey p. brown p. yellow p. yellow d. orange l. grey d. reddish brown
A57
23
5.2
1.1
l. greyish yellow
A58
17
4.1
0.8-1.1
A60
33
3.9
0.9-1.5
16/7
XVI
25
6.7
1.1-1.5
A37 A42 A50
17/3
XVII
21/2
XXI
14 18 18
3.3 2.7 2.1
0.3-0.5 0.3-0.8 0.5
A55
17/7
XVII
A61
17/7
XVII
A64 A74
XVI
A87
forming treatment
A28
20
4.1
0.5
l. yellow l. brown buff r.: l brown l. grey reddish brown
14
3.8
0.7
l. beige brown
27
8.3
1.4-1.8
22
3.9
0.7
l. green overfired reddish brown l. grey reddish brown
decoration
temper
deco deco b. WS out.: WS in.: deco
0 fc V (s) f. M fs f. 0 fc
out.: WS
colour
technique
?
GLZ
10YR8/3
GLZ
2.5Y8/2
GLZ
?
INC+GLZ +IMP?
colour
out.: green in.: white, green out.: p. green in.: l. green in.: 2.5Y6/6 5Y6/6 p. yellow
W W W W
M l(s.m) a. fs a.
0
5Y7/2.5
CMB
W
M l(s) f. fs f. M l(s.m.l) a. M l(s.m.l) a.
5Y8/2 5Y8/2.5 5Y8/2
MLD
M W W
M s a. cs f. V (s.m) f. M l(s.m.l) f. s cs f. m M l(s.m.l) a.
out.: deco er. er. out.: WS in.: 0 0 out.: P (tr.) in.: 0 0
M l(s.m.l) f. fs a. M l(s.m.l) f. s cs f.
M l(s) f. s a.
M l(t.s) a. s
2.5YR5.5/6
W
2.5YR4/2 pr
W
5YR6/6
W
5Y8/3
W
WS
2.5Y8/3
W
0 out.: WS in.: 0
5YR5/4
INC
W
5Y8/2
INC
W
M l(t.s) a. fs a.
0
5Y7/3
INC+CMB +IMP
W
M l(t.s) f. s a. cs f.
0
2.5YR6/4.5
INC
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A39 A54
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
17/3
XVII XVII
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
8
2.7
0.5
23
3.1
0.7-1.1
surface
temper
treatment
cream
M l(s.m.l) f. fc
out.: deco
reddish reddish brown
M l(s) f. s a.
0
decoration
colour
technique
5Y8/2
MLD
2.5YR4/6
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
M
=A37
W
=A56
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
387
US 136 PL.PP.136.1
A13
A2
GLAZED
GLAZED
A17
A20
GLAZED GLAZED
A50
A37
A60
A42
A64
A58
A28
A74
A57
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY B. OPOKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A61
A55
A87
A56
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
388
US 136 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.136.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A10
XVII
surface break
ø
h
th
14
2.0
0.7
l. orange l. yellow l. orange
A11
16/4
XVI
15
4.3
1.3-1.9
16/4
XVI
8
1.5
0.6
l. yellow
A14
16/4
XVI
8
1.6
0.7
l. yellow
A18
16/4
XVI
A22 A43
XVII
A44 A46
16/1
XVI
A48 A51 A52 A53 A63
17/4 17/2
XVII XVII
A79 A81
4.6
2.2-2.7
M fs f.
n.d.
l. olive / d. olive / l. yellow d. grey overfired
deco
M l(s.m.l) f.
deco
0 fc 0 fc
out.: 0 in.: deco out.: underglaze in.: deco
WS
7
2.7
0.4-0.7
p. greenish grey
M l(s.m) f. M l(s.m.l) a. s a. V (s.m) f. M fs M l(s.m.l) a. l(xl) f. s a. M l(s) f. fs f. M l(s.m.l) a. fs M l(s.m) f. fs a.
l. grey
9 9 11 11
5.0 2.9 3.0 4.7
0.7 0.4 0.5-0.8 0.5
20
5.6
0.7
2.6
0.6
XVI
9 11
4.5
0.9
21/2
XXI
10
2.9
0.6
p. greenish yellow p. greenish cream p. greyish brown reddish buff / p. greenish grey p. yellow p. green reddish brown l. yellowish brown reddish brown l. yellowish brown p. yellow
?
GLZ
10YR8/3
GLZ
in.: green
W
2.5Y8/2
GLZ
in.: green
W
GLZ
out.: turquoise green in.: GLEY1 7/5G1 pr
W
W
V (s.m) f. M l(s.m.l) s f.
p. grey
W
W
W
reddish brown
1.2
green out.: bluegreen in.: turquoise green
5Y8/2
M l(s.m) f. q a.
1.6
1.0
GLZ
5Y5.5/2
0.6
5.1
colour
5YR7/6
4.0 c2.8
3.8
?
?
8
16
technique
deco
21
26
colour
M l(s.m) f. cs f. q
out.: WS in.: 0
16/1
A83 A92
14
forming treatment
A12
decoration
temper
out.: WS in.: 0 WS
W+H (h.)
10YR7/2
W
WS
2.5Y6/1 pr
W
0 WS? 0 0
5Y8/2 5Y8/2 5Y8/3 5Y7.5/2
W W W W
INC
M l(s.m) a. s a.
0
2.5Y8/2
INC+CMB +IMP
M l(s.m.l) a. fs a.
er.
5Y8/2
IMP
M s a.
0
7.5YR7/4
INC
W
M l(s.m.l) f. fs f.
0?
5Y8/2
IMP
W
W W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø
h
th
16/4
XVI
16
1.6
0.7
p. yellow
XVII
12
1.1
0.4
reddish
A45
9
3.3
0.6
l. yellowish green
A47
8
4.1
0.6-1.0
XVII
9
3.5
0.5
l. greyish green
M l(s.m.l) a. fs
XVII
7
2.7
0.5
buff
M s a.
XVII
11
3.1
0.5
cream
M l(t.s) f. s f.
A24 A21
A49 A59 A73
[21/2]
break
dimensions
surface
temper
treatment
p. greenish grey
0 fc M l(t.s) f. fc M l(s.m.l) a. fs a. m f. M l(s.m.l) a. s
deco out.: WS in.: t. deco b. WS out.: WS out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 WS out.: WS in.: 0
decoration
forming
analogy
colour
technique
colour
?
GLZ
out.: 2.5Y6/8 in.: turquoise green
W
=A10
7.5YR8/3
GLZ
in.: green
W
=A12
5Y7.5/3
W
=A51
5Y8/2
W
=A51
W
=A63
2.5Y8/2
5Y7/2.5 INC
W
=A63
5Y7/1.5
INC
W
=A63
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
389
US 136 PL.PP.136.2
A81
A92
A22
A63
A83
A52
A79
A46
A48
A11
A14
A12
GLAZED
GLAZED
GLAZED
GLAZED
A53
A10
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY B. OPOKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
GLAZED
A51
GLAZED
A18
A43
A44
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
390
US 137
Contour map: cut 1 m, generated by QGIS (from total station cloud of points). Processed by J. Mardas, drawing by X. Kolińska.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
391
US 137 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٣٧
NUMBER ON MAP
US 137 S 172
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
١ چه مى گرداله
LOCAL NAME
Çem-ĩ Grdāla 1
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE
LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE large river valley SETTING RELATION on the stream, tributary of the Greater Zab TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION good CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°21'41"N 43°45'29"E
DMS
0388586, 4024758
UTM 38S
280
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Xandak
IDENTIFICATION transect 21 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Koliński, R., Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project. Report on the Field Activities in the Province of Duhok for the 2015 Season., p. 9.
LOCATION. On the middle Zab terrace, extending to the terrace edge, 1.4 km south-west of Banênān and 500 m north-east of Xandak. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A flat site extending from the edge of the terrace towards the west and covering the eastern slope of a hill, located c. 200 m from the edge of the terrace. Some sherds were found on the lower terrace, at the base of the slope, which is c. 3 m high in this place. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 1.303 ha, B – 0.265 ha, C – 0.113 ha, amounting to 65% of the site area. Area A is located on the south-eastern slope of a natural accumulation at the north-western limit of the site, Area B lies on the lower terrace under a ca. 3-m-high escarpment, and Area C covers a freshly ploughed field in the eastern corner of the site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A few Mitanni sherds found in Area C suggest the presence of a small site, possibly a farm or a hamlet, during this period. Two more important settlements from this period were identified at US 134, c. 1.9 km upstream, and at US 141, c. 3.75 km downstream. During the Neo-Assyrian, Hellenistic and Parthian periods, the site was a village, similar in size and cultural sequence to sites US 121 and US 122 located upstream, and site US 138 located c. 1.6 km downstream.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 13
14
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 2
10
11 5
12
5
6
area
0.75
2.59
2.59
2.59
15
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
16
17
18
19
20
21
The Greater Zab Valley
392
US 137 PHOTOS US 136 and US 137 seen from the north-east. In the background, the meanders of the Greater Zab.
US 137 seen from the south-west.
Photo by J. Mardas
Photo by X. Kolińska
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
393
US 137 MISCELLANEOUS FIND ON PL.MF.137.1 FIELD NUMBER C21
TYPE mortar
MATERIAL basalt
DIMENSIONS (cm) 22.0 x 15.5 x 12.3
PRESERVATION one leg with a small part of the wall, incisions on the outer surface of the leg
MISCELLANEOUS FIND NOT ILLUSTRATED FIELD NUMBER 1/A 2/A 3/A 4/A 5/B 6/C
TYPE G.1 Flat grinder G.1 Flat grinder C.5 Flat quern M.3a Door socket M.1b Door socket B.2 Saddle quern
MATERIAL lava basalt basalt terracotta conglomerate lava
DIMENSIONS (cm) [17] x [17.5] x 5 [23] x 17.5 x 4.5 [21.5] x 17 x 5 [17] x [13] x 6, ø12 12.5 x 9.3 x 3, hole ø3 [25] x [27] x 6-10
PRESERVATION two adjacent sides broken off 2/3 preserved 1/4 preserved 1/4 preserved small fragment broken off 1/2 preserved
PL.MF.137.1
0
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
C21
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
5 cm
The Greater Zab Valley
394
US 137 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.137.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø A1
h
th
14.0
2.2-2.0
forming treatment
l. reddish brown
M l(l.xl) a.
out.: P in.: 0 WS
6.6
2.0
p. brown
V (s.m.l) M fs
6.0
0.5
v. p. grey
M s a.
6.7
1.1-0.6
l. reddish brown
M fs a.
3.8
0.6
l. brown
M l(s) f. fs a.
WS
C18
7.5
2.0
l. grey
C19
6.0
1.0
grey l. brown
V (s.m.l) a. M s m a. V (s.m) f. M b a. s a.
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS P (tr.) in.: 0
A2 A51
11
C14 C15
7
decoration
temper
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0
colour
technique
7.5YR7/4.5
RSD
10YR6/4
W+H (h.) INC+IMP
W
RSD+IMP
SW+H
7.5YR7/4 2.5Y6/2 2.5Y6/2.5
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
H H (h.)
cream 10YR7/4
colour
W
H?
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
395
US 137 PL.DF.137.1
0 C15
A51
5 cm
C19
C14
A2
C18
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
A1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
396
US 137 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.137.1 dimensions
No
A7
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
11/0
XI
A12
11/2
XI
A31
11/12
XI
A32 A35
11/12
XI
A37
A39
surface break
ø
h
th
21
4.3
0.6
forming treatment
buff
28
3.7
0.7
l. reddish brown
WS in.: (tt.) out.: WS in.: er.
M l(s.m) s V (s.m) f. M s sc f. m f. V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m) f. fs m M l(s.m) a. gravel f. V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m.l) f. cs V (s.m.l) a. M fs cs f. m gravel f.
41
6.4
0.9
reddish brown
16
5.2
0.8
buff
27
4.0
0.7
yellowish green overfired
46
6.8
2.0
l. beige d. brown d. reddish brown d. brown d. reddish brown
V (s.m) f. M m(t) a.
WS Ss 0 out.: WS 0
WS
26
4.7
0.8
A40
18
5.8
0.6-0.8
buff
M l(s.m.l) s a.
A43 A49 A53
27 33 30
4.7 3.3 5.2
1.0 0.5-1.0 0.7
buff brown l. greyish brown greyish green overfired brown t. reddish buff t. reddish l. greyish brown r.: l. grey core p. orange p. beige p. orange t. buff l. grey t. buff
M l(s.m.l) a. s cs f. M s a. M l(s.m) f. s a.
out.: er. in.: WS WS WS WS
M fs f.
0
M fs a.
WS
M l(t.s) l(l) f. s a.
C4
XIII
21
2.5
0.6
C6
IX
23
3.0
0.7
C7
22
4.1
0.7
C8
34
4.5
0.7
C16
XIII
25
4.3
0.8
C17
IX
?
5.6
1.1-1.7
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
10YR7/4
W
10YR8/4
W
10YR8/3 lr
RSD
W
10YR8/3
W
5Y8/3
W
7.5YR7.5/3
SW+H
n.d.
W
2.5Y8/3
W
7.5YR7.5/6 10YR8/4 10YR8/4
W W W
5Y7/3
PNT
5Y6/1
W
7.5YR7/4.5
W
out.: WS in.: er.
7.5YR7/4
W
M fs m a.
WS
10YR7/4
W
M l(s.m) f. fs f.
out.: 0 in.: WS
2.5Y8/2
W
V (s.m) a. M l(t) f. fs m a.
0
2.5Y7/3
H
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A46 C3
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
XI
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
26
6.2
0.9
49
6.4
2.0
surface
temper
treatment
reddish brown
M l(s.m) s a. m
out.: WS in.: er.
buff
V (s.m) f. M l(t.s) f. s f.
WS
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
10YR8/3
W
=A31
10YR7.5/4
SW+H?
=A37
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
397
US 137 PL.PP.137.1 C17
C6
A35
A12
A31
A7
A39
A43
A53
C8
C16
C4
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY B. OPOKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A32
C7
A49
A40
A37
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
398
US 137 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.137.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
treatment
A6
40
7.7
0.8
43
9.0
1.1-1.3
A44
48
6.5
1.5
A45
42
6.4
1.5
A52
36
7.4
1.3-1.6
A58
20
5.3
0.8
38
9.5
2.2
B4
14
2.2
1.0
C2
38
4.4
1.2
C5
13
4.4
0.5-0.8
B1
IX?
forming
th
A29
decoration
temper
buff t. p. brown grey p. reddish brown p. grey buff l. grey t. buff reddish brown l. brown reddish brown l. brown l. greyish brown l. brown yellowish green overfired l. greyish brown t. l. yellowish brown grey buff
colour
technique
2.5Y8/3
RSD
colour
M l(s) f. s cs f. V (s.m.l) a. M l(t.s.m) a. cs f.
WS out.: WS in.: 0
M l(t.s) f. s cs f.
WS
2.5Y8/2
SW?
V (s.m.l) a. M s cs f. m
WS
7.5YR8/3
SW+H
V (s.m) f. M l(s.m) f. s a.
WS
10YR8/3
H
M s a.
WS
10YR8/3
W
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m.l) f. cs f. M f(l) a. m f. V (s.m.l) a. M l(t.s) f. fs f. M l(s.m) f. fs a.
0 WS porous out.: WS in.: ? WS
W
2.5Y7/3
W
5Y7/2
H
7.5YR8/4
W
10YR7/3
W
10YR7/4
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
B8 A50
break
dimensions
ø
16
h
th
7.8
2.3
2.2
1.1
surface
temper
treatment
yellowish green overfired brown l. greyish brown
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m.l) f. f(l) f.
0
M f(m.l.xl) a. q f. s 0
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
5Y7/3
H
=A52
10YR8/3
?
=B4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
399
US 137 PL.PP.137.2 A45
B1
A6
A44
A52
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY B. OPOKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A29
C2
A58
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
C5
B4
The Greater Zab Valley
400
US 137 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.137.3 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
13/2
XIII
21
3.4
0.7-0.9
A5
14/7
XIV
26
8.7
1.3
l. reddish brown
p. grey
A18
13/13
XIII
18
4.5
0.5
brown
A20
14/15
XIV
19
4.0
0.5
A25
14/15
XIV
41
4.8
1.0
17
4.2
0.5
p. brown reddish buff beige buff l. brown greyish l. brown reddish brown l. reddish brown reddish brown buff l. beige buff l. brown t. l. grey l. brown reddish brown
A51
11
6.0
0.5
p. grey
A55
12
5.0
0.7
A57
18
3.8
0.9
A26 A27 A30 A33 A34 A36
13/13
A42 A47 A48
B2
XIII
14/7
14
4.2
0.5-0.7
10
5.3 5.0
0.5-0.8 0.5-0.7
15
3.7
0.7
9 28
3.7 4.0 4.2
0.7 0.7 0.6-0.8
31
4.4
1.3
XIII
XIV
forming treatment
A3
p. brown reddish buff cream buff d. reddish brown greyish brown
32
4.2
1.1
B7
19
3.2
0.8
C9
31
11.3
1.2-1.4
decoration
temper
M l(m.l) cs a. V (s.m.l) a. M l(t) fs V (s) f. M l(t.s) s cs f. M l(s.m.l) a. s a. cs f.
colour
technique
colour
WS
2.5Y7/3
W
WS
10YR7/4
W
WS
10YR7/4
W
2.5Y8/3
W
10YR8/3
W
M l(s.m.l) a. cs M l(s.m) a. cs a.
WS out.: WS Ss in.: 0 0 or er. WS
2.5Y7/2 2.5Y8/2
W W
M l(s.m.l.xl) a. u-dark part.
WS
10YR7/4
W
M l(s.m) a. cs f. M l(s.m) s a. M l(s.m.l) a. b f. fs
WS 0 WS
10YR8/4 10YR8/3 pr 10YR8/2 lr
W W W
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m) f. s cs f.
WS
10YR8/2
W
V (s.m.l) a. M fs cs m(t) a.
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 or er.
7.5YR8/4
W
cream
W+H (h.)
10YR8/3
W
M l(s.m) f. s a.
WS
10YR8/3
W
7.5YR7.5/4
W
M l(s.m) a. fs
M l(s.m) fs cs M s a. M l(s.m) a. s a.
M l(s.m.l) a. s f.
WS
buff
M cs a. q a.
out.: 0 in.: WS
5YR6/5
W
l. grey
V (s.m.l) a. M fs a. cs a.
WS
2.5Y7/2
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
B5 B9 C1 A54
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
14/15
XIV XIV XIV
[15/1}
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
21 8 21
3.3 2.5 4.0
0.5 0.4 0.6
reddish brick red reddish brown
4.8
0.8
yellowish green
surface
temper
treatment
M l(s.m) f. fs f. M l(t.s) a. fs a. M l(t.s) f. fs a. V (s.m) a. M fs
out.: WS Ss WS WS WS
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
2.5Y8/3 lr 5YR7.5/4 10YR7/4
W W W
=A25 =A25 =A25
2.5Y8/3
W
=A55
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
401
US 137 PL.PP.137.3 A47
B2
A36
A3
A42
A33
A26
B7
A55
A27
A34
A51
A18
A5
A48
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY B. OPOKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A25
A20
A57
A30
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
C9
The Greater Zab Valley
402
US 137 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.137.4 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
20 18
5.7 4.2
0.8-1.1 1.1
A11
28
5.2
0.8
buff
A13
1.5
1.4
0.5
6.5
3.0
0.3-0.5
A15
11
3.9
1.4
A16
9
3.7
0.8
A17
14
3.0
1.2
A19
8
3.2
0.7
A4 A9
A14
13/5
XIII
9
2.1
0.9
9
5.8
0.9-1.5
7
3.5
0.6
13/5
XIII
greenish grey l. grey
A24
8
4.4
1.2-1.5
A28
11
2.2
0.7
A38
40
4.5
1.0
A41
30
6.0
1.0
27
13.5
0.7-1.2
WS
10YR8/2
W
reddish buff
M fs a.
WS
2.5Y8/3
W
reddish brown
M l(t.s) s cs f.
out.: WS in.: 0
7.5YR7/6
W
p. pinkish
V (s.m.l) a. M s f.
WS
10YR8/3
W
M l(s.m.l) a. s
out.: WS Ss in.: 0
2.5Y8/2
W
V (s.m) f. M l(s.m.l) a. fs a. cs a.
out.: P in.: WS
7.5YR7/4
W
M l(s.m) fs m a.
WS in.: (tt.)
10YR8/3
W
10YR8/3
W
10YR8/4
W
7.5YR6.5/4
W
2.5Y6/4
W
5Y7/3
W
WS in.: (tt.) out.: WS in.: 0 WS in.: (tt.)
l. brown
M fs a. cs a.
buff
M l(t.s.m.l) f. s cs f.
brick red
M l(t.s) a. fs a. m
olive green
V (s.m.l) a. M s f.
WS
yellowish green
M l(s.m.l) a. s a.
out.: WS in.: 0
M l(s.m.l) a. u-dark part. a.
WS
M l(s.m.l) f. cs a. M l(s.m.l) a. PG f.
out.: WS out.: WS Ss in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS Ss out.: WS in.: 0 WS
C11
4
4.5
0.8-1.0
6
5.7
0.8-1.1
C13
13
5.2
0.5-0.9
buff
M l(s.m) a. fs a.
C15
7
3.8
0.6
l. brown
M l(s) f. fs a.
XIV
colour
2.57/4 10YR7/3
C12
14/8
technique
WS out.: WS
l. brown l. greyish brown buff p. brown p. grey t. reddish buff orange brown
C10
colour
M b(s) f(s) fs a. M l(s.m) f. cs u-dark part. a. V (s.m.l) f. M l(s.m.l) a. cs
l. brown reddish l. brown t. d. reddish brown greyish brown t. d. reddish brown d. reddish brown d. brown d. reddish brown
A21
A23
forming treatment
A22
decoration
temper
M l(s.m.l) f. fs a. M l(s.m) f. fs f.
W W
10YR8/3 lr
W
10YR8/4
W
2.5Y8/2
INC
W
5YR6.5/6
W
2.5Y8/2
W
5Y7.5/3
W
7.5YR7/4
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A10 A56
XII
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
10
1.9
0.8
9
2.8
0.9
surface
temper
treatment
l. reddish brown l. grey l. reddish brown p. green
V (s.m.l) a. M l(t.s.m) fs
WS
M s a.
out.: WS in.: 0
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
10YR7/4
W
=A17
5Y8/2
W
=A23
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
403
US 137 PL.PP.137.4 A9
A11
A41
A4
A38
C10
A15
A24
A17
C15
A23
A14
C11
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY B. OPOKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A19 A13
A22
A21
A28
C13 A16
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
C12
The Greater Zab Valley
404
Aerial and satellite imagery AERIAL IMAGERY US 138 – US 139
US 138
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 139
U2/B1554-R4L-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY US 138 – US 139
US 138
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 139
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
405
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 138
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
SATELLITE IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 139
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
406
US 138 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٣٨
NUMBER ON MAP
US 138 S 171
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
ناوى نيه
LOCAL NAME
No name
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION LOCATION. On the edge of the middle Zab terrace, c. 600 m south of Xandak. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A flat site adjacent to the edge of the Greater Zab terrace. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is under garden-type cultivation. Remains of a water channel running perpendicular to the river are present in its southern part. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A small site displaying traces of multiperiod settlement, despite the low density of sherds. The earliest occupation dates to the Ninevite 5 period, relatively rare in this part of the Greater Zab valley (cf. US 128, c. 7 km upstream), but some sites from this period are present at a distance from the river, e.g. US 083 and US 084, c. 5 and 9 km towards the west respectively (cf. Koliński 2020b, 194-257). The site was more extensively used during the Late Bronze age, when it occupied a position mid-way between US 134 upstream and US 141 downstream. The sequence of Neo-Assyrian settlement, subsequently reoccupied in Hellenistic-Parthian times, resembles the pattern observed already on US 137, 1.6 km upstream. The site became active again in the Late Sasanian-Early Islamic period, and some activity also occurred there in the Ottoman era.
36°20'58"N 43°45'09"E
DMS
0388071, 4023454
UTM 38S
275
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Xandak
IDENTIFICATION transect 21 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 9
10
11
13
14
16
17
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6 1
7
8
4
3
3
12
2
1
15
6
1
3
area
0.38
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.76
0.38
0.76
0.38
0.76
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
407
US 138 PHOTO US 138 damaged by crops requiring intensive irrigation. Bird’s-eye view from the west.
Photo by J. Mardas
US 138
MISCELLANEOUS FIND ON PL.MF.138.1 FIELD NUMBER A55
TYPE R.2 Vessel (bowl)
MATERIAL basalt
DIMENSIONS (cm) 5.3 x 5.5 x 2.0
PRESERVATION wall fragment
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
PL.MF.138.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
408
US 138 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.138.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
decoration
temper
forming treatment
colour
technique
RBD
colour
A21
6/5
VI
8
3.2
0.4
p. greenish grey
M l(s) fs
0
5Y8/2
A43
10/11
IX-X
22
4.3
1.3
buff
V (s.m) M s f.
er.
10YR8/3
W+H
W
W+H
A44
10/11
IX-X
10
4.5
1.4
p. greenish grey
V (s.m) a.
0
2.5Y8/3
A45
10/11
IX-X
15
8.8
1.1-1.9
buff
V (s.m) M l(t.s) s cs f.
out.: WS
10YR8/3
A47
16/8
XVI
4.0
0.6
buff
M l(t.s) fs
out.: WS in.: 0
2.5Y8/3
CMB
W
A48+53
16/7
XVI
8.0
1.3
p. grey
M l(s) a. s a.
out.: WS
5Y8/2
CMB+INC
W
A49
16/7
XVI
3.5
1.2
p. grey
M l(s) a. s a.
er.
5Y8/2 lr
INC+CMB
W
A51
16/7
XVI
6.5
0.8
l. brown
M fs a.
WS
cream
CMB+INC
W
A58
16/4
XVI
1.8
0.6
l. yellow
M fs
deco
0
GLZ
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
W+H
out.: blue in.: p. blue
W
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
409
US 138
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.138.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
410
US 138 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.138.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
A50
4.0
1.0
grey
V (s.m.l) M fs m
A52
3.0
0.8
l. brown
V (s.m.l) a.
A54 A56
XX
13
decoration
temper
forming treatment
colour
technique
colour
WS
5Y8/2 pr
RSD+INC
W
out.: WS in.: er.
7.5YR7/4
INC
W
5.2
0.6
p. yellowish brown
M fs a.
WS
5Y8/2
3.0
1.2
p. yellowish brown
M fs
deco
0
GLZ
l. green
H (h.) W W
A57
20/5
XX
2.0
0.6
buff
M l(t.s) fs a.
deco
0
GLZ
green
A59
20/5
XX
3.5
0.7
p. yellowish brown
V (s) f. Ms
deco
0
GLZ
out.: blue in.: yellowish green
W
4.2
0.7
reddish brown
M l(t) fs a.
out.: t. deco b. er. in.: deco
10YR7.5/4
GLZ
yellow, green
W
A60
XVII
24
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
411
US 138
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.138.2
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
412
US 138 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.138.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
A1
25
9.0
2.1-2.5
l. brown l. greyish brown l. brown t. reddish brown
A3
22
3.2
0.5
l. greyish brown
34
4.1
0.8
chocolate brown
A6
25
2.2
0.6
p. yellow p. green
A8
23
3.0
0.6
pinkish beige
A4
11/0
XI
17
2.5
0.6-0.8
23 8
4.2 3.2
0.9 0.4
A27
35
4.8
1.2
buff
A29
32
4.7
1.4
buff
A9
X
A10 A19 A21
6/5
VI
27
4.9
forming treatment
t. buff d. grey t. buff reddish brown buff l. reddish brown p. greenish grey
1.5
decoration
temper
V (s.m.l) M l(t) f. s f.
WS?
colour
technique
10YR8/2
H
WS
2.5Y7.5/2
W
WS
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
M fs
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
V (s.m) M fs
WS
5Y8/2
W
V (s.m.l) M s f. m
er.
5YR7/6
H
V (s.m.l) f. M l(t) fs m V (s.m) f. M fs m f.
V (s.m) f. M fs m f. M l(t) f. s a. M l(s) fs V (s.m) M l(s.m.l) f. fs V (s.m.l) a. M l(t.s) fs
WS? er.
5YR7/6
W
WS 0
5YR7/6 lr 5Y8/2
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS
5Y8/2
W
A31
30
4.9
0.8
A32
21
2.9
0.7
A33
23
2.2
0.7
15
2.4
0.8
V (s.m.l)
WS
2.5Y8/2
r.: bitumen (tr.)
1.8
0.6
l. yellow
M fs
deco
?
GLZ
4.2
0.7
reddish brown
M l(t) fs a.
out.: t. deco b. er. in.: deco
10YR7.5/4
GLZ
A35 16/4
A60
XVI XVII
24
W W
RBD
buff p. grey buff p. green p. brown buff p. brown olive brown
A58
colour
V (s.m.l) M fs
out.: WS
V (s.m) (l) f.
WS
5Y8/2
W
M s a.
WS
10YR8/3
W
2.5Y8/3 lr
RSD+IMP
W
W out.: blue in.: p. blue yellow, green
W W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A13 A24
11/0
break
dimensions
ø XI 16
h
th
2.9
0.8
2.0
0.6
surface
temper
treatment
t. reddish buff t. reddish p. yellowish brown
M l(t.s) fs a. m
WS
V (s.m.l) a.
er.
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
5YR7/6
W
=A4
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
=A35
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
413
US 138 PL.PP.138.1 A9
A21
A10
A4
A27
A31
A8
A1
A3
A32
A35
A29
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY B. OPOKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A58
A60
GLAZED
A19
GLAZED
A6
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A33
The Greater Zab Valley
414
US 138 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.138.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
A2
28
4.0
1.1
A5
13
4.3
0.7
A7
14
3.4
0.7
t. l. reddish brown black t. l. reddish brown l. reddish brown p. grey l. reddish brown buff
A12
16
4.5
0.8-1.0
p. chocolate brown
A14
14/14
XIV
25
5.2
1.2
19
3.0
0.3
14
4.5
0.9
A18
12
2.2
0.7
l. greenish grey
A25
12
3.1
0.6
p. yellowish grey
47
4.4
0.8
p. grey
14
2.0
0.8
grey
A15 A16
13/13
XIII
A26 A28
13/2
XIII
11/10
XI
A30
19
4.1
0.8
buff
11
3.7
0.6
A36
10
1.4
1.0
A37 A38
10 5
2.0 0.9
0.7 0.7
12
2.8
1.0
l. chocolate l. yellow l. yellowish green overfired l. grey p. brown l. brown greyish brown l. brown
A34
A39
IX
A40 A46
IX
forming treatment
reddish brown buff reddish brown buff reddish brown greyish brown reddish brown
8
1.9
1.3
l. greyish brown
10
4.7
1.0-1.6
reddish brown
decoration
temper
V (s.m.l)
WS
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m)
technique
colour
7.5YR7/4
out.: WS
V (s.m.l) V (s.m) M fs
colour
H
5Y8/2
WS
10YR8/3
WS
10YR8/3
W INC + bitumen (r.)
W W
M l(s.m) s a. m
out.: WS in.: er.
7.5YR8/3 lr
W
M l(t) fs a.
er.
10YR8/3
W
M l(s.m) cs a.
out.: er. in.: 0
10YR8/2
W
V (s.m) M l(t.s) s V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l) a. M s f. M l(t) fs m V (s.m) M fs? m V (s.m.l) a.
0 r.: WS
5Y8/2
W
er. out.: 0 in.: WS? WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
5Y8/2
W
10YR8/3
W
WS
10YR8/4
W
WS
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
M s a.
out.: WS? in.: 0
2.5Y8/3
W
M l(m.l) s M l(t) fs a.
WS er.
2.5Y8/3 10YR8/3
W W
V (s.m) M l(t) s a.
out.: WS in.: er.
10YR8/3
W
V (s.m) f. M fs? m f. fc V (s.m.l)
out.: WS in.: er.
2.5Y8/3
W
out.: WS Ss
5Y8/3 p.
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A11 A20 A41
XI IX
break
dimensions
ø
14 15
h
th
4.3
1.0
5.3 3.3
0.8 1.3
surface
temper
treatment
l. yellowish brown pinkish brown l. yellowish brown reddish buff reddish d. grey
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
V (s.m.l) a.
er.
2.5Y8/2
W
=A30
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m) fs
WS
5YR7/6
W
=A34
V (s.m) M l(s.m) s f.
er.
2.5Y8/2
W
=A39
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
415
US 138 PL.PP.138.2 A5
A34
A30
A12
A2
A25
A7
A18
A16
A28
A14
A15
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY B. OPOKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A26
A46 A39
A40
A37 A38
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A36
The Greater Zab Valley
416
US 139 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٣٩
NUMBER ON MAP
US 139 S 170
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
ناوى نيه
LOCAL NAME
No name
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°20'33" N 43°44'49"E
DMS
0387558, 4022696
UTM 38S
271
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Xandak
IDENTIFICATION transect
LOCATION. On the edge of the middle Zab terrace, c. 1.6 km southsouth-west of Xandak. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site occupies a low elevation adjacent to the edge of the terrace, on which an irrigation basin and channel were constructed. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. Remains of a water channel running perpendicular to the river are present in its southern part. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A small Late Neolithic (Period 2) site, representing an extremely rare period in this part of the UGZAR area; cf., however, US 077, located more than 10 km to the north (Koliński 2020b, 104-113). The site also evidences some activity during the Ottoman period.
21 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Koliński, R., Settlement History of Iraqi Kurdistan Project: an assessment halfway into the project Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 26/1, p. 583.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 2
3
number of sherds
1
10
2
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
2
area
0.7
0.7
0.7
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
17
18
19
20
21
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
417
US 139 PHOTO Bird’s-eye view of US 139 from the west.
Photo by J. Mardas
MISCELLANEOUS FIND ON PL.MF.139.1 FIELD NUMBER A14
TYPE tobacco pipe
MATERIAL terracotta
DIMENSIONS (cm) ø1.0, 0.4 x 0.2
PRESERVATION base of a bowl
MISCELLANEOUS FIND NOT ILLUSTRATED FIELD NUMBER A13
TYPE O.1d Pestle
MATERIAL basalt
DIMENSIONS (cm) 12.3 x 6.9 x 4.7
PRESERVATION damaged at ends
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
PL.MF.139.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
418
US 139 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.139.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
technique
colour
out.: WS in.: 0
7.5YR6/2
PNT
7.5YR4/3
H
0.8
buff
M l(s.m.l) f.
out.: WS smooth
10YR8/4
PNT
5YR4/2
H
3.1
1.0
greenish grey
M l(t.s) f.
deco
?
GLZ
out.: GLEY1 3/5G2 in.: GLEY1 5/5G2
W
l. reddish brown
M l(s.m.l) f. fs f.
WS smooth
7.5YR7/4
PNT
2.5YR5/6
H
M l(s.m) f.
WS smooth
5YR6/6
PNT
2.5YR6/8
H
M l(s.m.l) f.
out.: WS smooth
2.5Y8/3
PNT
10YR4/2
H
M l(t.s.m.l) f.
out.: WS smooth
7.5YR7/4
PNT
5YR6/8
H
29
3.5
0.8-1.1
A5
II
25
4.2
XX
colour
M l(s.m.l) f. fs f.
II
20/5
forming treatment
t. buff l. bluish grey t. buff
A3
A12
decoration
temper
A15
2/1
II
2.7
0.7-0.8
A16
2/1
II
6.5
0.7-0.9
A18
3/1
III
3.6
0.9
A19+32
2/1
II
4.0
1.0
buff t. reddish p. grey p. reddish brown buff p. grey buff p. orange p. yellowish brown
A22
2/1
II
2.9
0.8
M l(t.s) f.
out.: WS smooth
2.5Y8/2
PNT
5YR6/6
H
A24
2/1
II
2.8
0.8
buff
M l(t.s) a. s f.
WS
10YR8/3
PNT
5YR6/6 pr
H
0.9
l. yellow l. reddish brown
V (s.m) f. M l(s.m.l) f. PG (m) f.
out.: WS smooth (tt.)
2.5Y8/2
PNT
10YR3/2
H
0.9
p. yellow p. reddish yellow p. yellow
M l(t.s.l) f.
out.: WS smooth in.: er.
7.5YR7/6
PNT
5YR3/3
H
7.5YR8/4
PNT
5YR7/8
H
7.5YR8/4
PNT
5YR2.5/1
H
A25 A26
3/1 2/1
III II
4.4 2.9
A29
2/1
II
2.6
0.7
l. orange
M l(s) f.
out.: WS smooth (tt.)
A30
2/1
II
2.3
0.4
l. reddish brown l. grey l. reddish brown
0
WS smooth (tt.)
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
419
US 139
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.139.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
420
US 139 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.139.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
decoration
temper
forming
h
th
treatment
colour
technique
colour
A9
3.0
1.0
p. yellowish brown reddish
M l(s.m.l) f. fs f.
out.: WS? in.: 0
7.5YR7/6 pr
H
A10
4.0
0.7
grey
M l(m.l) f. s a.
P
10YR6/3
W+H (h.)
A11
2.5
0.8
l. yellowish brown l. reddish brown
M l(t.s) f. fs f.
out.: deco in.: t. deco b. 0
10YR8/3
GLZ
out.: l. green in.: GLEY1 6/5G2
W
A17
6.5
0.8
l. reddish brown
M l(s.m) f.
out.: WS smooth
7.5YR7.5/4
PNT
10R4/6
H
A21
4.8
1.0
reddish brown greyish brown reddish brown
M l(t.s) f. fs f.
out.: WS smooth in.: WS
5YR6/6 pr
PNT
5YR3/3
H
A27
2.6
0.8
p. yellowish brown
M l(s.m.l) f. fs f.
out.: WS smooth (tt.)
10YR7.5/3
PNT
5YR2.5/1
H
1.0
l. reddish brown p. yellowish brown orange
M l(s.m.l) f. fs f.
WS smooth (tt.)
10YR8/2
PNT
7.5YR3/1
H
M l(m.l) f.
out.: WS smooth (tt.) Ss in.: WS smooth (tt.)
10YR8/2
A31 A35
4.7 9
1.7
0.6
l. chocolate brown
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
H/SW?
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
421
US 139
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.139.2
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
422
US 139 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.139.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
A1
25
3.8
1.1-1.3
reddish grey
M l(s.m.l) f. s f.
A2
10
1.5
0.8
M l(t.s.m.l) f.
29
3.5
0.8-1.1
orange t. buff l. bluish grey t. buff
A3
II
A4
20
3.7
0.8-1.0
25
4.2
0.8
10
2.4
0.8
A7
23
3.1
1.3
A8
36
3.0
1.6
4.0
1.0
2.1
0.7-0.9
A5
5Y8/2
PNT
er.
7.5YR7/6 7.5YR6/2
H H
PNT
7.5YR4/3
PNT
5YR4/2
H
M l(s.m.l) f. M l(s.m.l) f.
0?
5Y7/3
NTW
M l(s.m.l) fs f.
out.: WS in.: 0
5Y8/2
NTW
M l(s.m.l) f.
WS
7.5YR7/4
H
M l(t.s.m.l) f. s f.
out.: WS smooth (tt.)
7.5YR7/4
M l(s.m.l) f. fs f.
WS
2.5YR6/6
H
M l(s) f.
WS
5Y8/2
H
M l(s.m.l) f.
5Y8/2
H
M l(m.l) f.
WS out.: WS smooth (tt.) Ss in.: WS smooth (tt.)
10YR8/2
H/SW?
13
1.9
0.6
5.7
0.9
A35
9
1.7
0.6
l. chocolate brown
10
colour
M l(s.m) f. fs f.
10
II
out.: WS in.: 0
technique
reddish brown
A28
A20
2/1
M l(s.m.l) f. fs f.
out.: WS smooth Ss in.: WS smooth WS
colour
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS smooth
A33
A19+32
[4/11]
forming treatment
buff bluish grey overfired greyish yellow p. yellowish grey greyish yellow p. reddish brown l. grey p. reddish brown buff p. grey buff reddish brown beige reddish brown l. yellowish brown pinkish beige l. greenish brown
A6
II
decoration
temper
7.5YR7/4 10YR8/4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
H
PNT
5YR6/8
H
H
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
423
US 139 PL.PP.139.1
A5
A19+32
A3
A4
A7
A28
A8
A1
A6
A33 A35
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A2
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A20
The Greater Zab Valley
424
Aerial and satellite imagery AERIAL IMAGERY US 140 – US 142
US 140
US 141
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 142
U2/B1554-R4L-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
425
Aerial and satellite imagery © 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY US 140 – US 142
US 140
US 141
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 142
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
426
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 140
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
SATELLITE IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 141
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
427
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0411/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 142
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
428
US 140
Contour map: cut 1 m, generated by QGIS (from total station cloud of points). Processed by J. Mardas, drawing by X. Kolińska.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
429
US 140 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٤٠
NUMBER ON MAP
US 140 S 169
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
ناوى نيه
LOCAL NAME
No name
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
tell
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river difficult
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION LOCATION. On the edge of the middle Zab terrace, c. 2.23 km southwest of Xandak. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A low (3 m high) hill located in the north-western part of the site is occupied by a cemetery. The sherd scatter is dense between the mound and the edge of the terrace, moderate in the central part of the site and sparse in its southern part. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.357 ha, amounting to 21% of the site area. It is located in an area covered with a dense sherd scatter, to the east of a modern cemetery in the northern part of the site. DAMAGES. The central, slightly elevated part of the site is covered by a cemetery. The remaining area is under cultivation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A small, rural site occupied during the Mitanni and Middle- and Neo-Assyrian periods. Late Bronzeage settlement is represented on two nearby sites: US 138, located c. 1.7 km upstream, and US 141, located just 600 m downstream. It seems quite likely that US 140 may have been dependent on the latter site, located on a hill in an area which could hardly be used for agriculture.
36°20'18"N 43°44'25"E
DMS
0386957, 4022223
UTM 38S
271
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Xandak
IDENTIFICATION car survey 23 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 9
10
11
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
area
0.82
1.65
1.65
12
13
14
15
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
16
17
18
19
20
21
The Greater Zab Valley
430
US 140 PHOTO A group of three sites near the village of Kalkānĩ/Hancĩrūk Kavĩn: US 140, US 141, and US 142, view from the north. In the bottom right corner, the southern part of US 139 is visible.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
431
US 140 PHOTOS North-western part of the site where the cemetery is located with the hills of the Grdapān Plateau in the background.
Photo by X. Kolińska
Grdapān plateau
C E M E T E R Y
US 140
View from the cemetery that forms part of the site. The northern part of US 140 is visible, as well as US 139 in the background.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by X. Kolińska
The Greater Zab Valley
432
US 140 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.140.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
decoration
temper
forming
ø
h
th
?
10.8
0.8
reddish brown l. grey t. reddish brown
M l(t.s.m) s a.
out.: WS smooth (tt.) in.: 0
17
2.9
0.6
pale brown
V (s.m) f. M l(t.s.m.l) fs f.
WS
A27
4.4
0.8-1.1
M f(s.m.l) q(s.m.l)
WS porous
10YR8/2
H (h.)
A28
1.2
0.4
M l(t) s a.
WS
7.5YR7/4
W+H (h.)
A20 A26
IX
treatment
reddish brown black reddish brown reddish brown h.: l. grey core
colour
technique
7.5YR8/3
INC
5Y8/2
PNT
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
colour
W 2.5Y6/1
W
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
433
US 140
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.140.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
434
US 140 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.140.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A1 A3
14/13
ø
h
th
10
4.8
0.7
l. orange
2.3
0.6
21
5.2 2.5
1.1-1.5 0.5
A6
17
4.0
0.7
A7
19
2.3
0.7
X
t. reddish brown l. greyish brown l. grey buff reddish brown r.: l. brown core
out.: P in.: WS
7.5YR8/5
M cs a.
WS? porous
5YR7/6 lr
W
M l(t.s.m) s m M l(t.s) a. fs
WS WS? er.
2.5Y8/1.5 7.5YR8/4
H? W
2.5Y8/1.5
H?
buff
M cs a. m V (s.m.l) f. M l(t.s.m.l) s M l(t.s.m) fs
WS
5YR7/6 / 2.5Y8/2 10YR8/2
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
out.: WS
2.5Y8/2
W
M l(t.s.m.l) a. s f.
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
V (s.m.l.xl) a.
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
er.
5YR7/6
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
A10
X
34
4.7
1.0
l. brown
XIV
20
3.7
0.7
A12
20
3.2
0.9
A13
40
3.7
1.7
p. brown l. brown d. brown l. brown reddish buff greyish buff buff reddish
A15
13
2.2
0.4
buff
A16
11
3.7
0.5
3.6
5.0
1.5
reddish brown buff l. grey buff
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) fs a. M l(t.s) fs f. V (s.m.l) M cs
18
2.2
0.7
buff
M l(s.m) a. s a. cs f.
A19
42
14.0
0.9
M l(t.s.m) s a. m a.
A21
19
4.3
1.0
M s a. m
WS
19
2.1
0.4
l. reddish brown buff p. buff buff / reddish brown greyish brown reddish brown l. greyish brown
out.: WS in.: er. WS
37
4.1
0.9
buff
M fs V (s.m.l) M l(t) V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) fs V (s.m.l) V (s.m) f. M l(t.s.m.l) fs f.
A18
13/2
XIII
A22 A23
11/2
XI
A24
25
2.5
0.8
A25
9
2.3
0.6
yellowish green overfired l. reddish brown
17
2.9
0.6
p. brown
A26
IX
W
WS
0.7-0.9
XI
M m(s.m) f(m.l) fc
WS
4.5
11/12
colour
M l(s.m) f. cs m
18
A17
technique
M q(s.m.l)
XIV
14/15
forming colour
l. reddish brown
A9
A11
decoration
temper treatment
17
A4 A5
XIV
surface break
W W
10YR8/3
W
10YR8/2
H+SW
10YR8/2.5
W
WS
10YR7.5/1
W
WS
10YR8/3 lr
W
5Y8/2
W
WS WS (tt.) WS
10YR8/3 5Y8/2
W PNT
2.5Y6/1
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A14 A8
XI
break
dimensions
35
h
th
3.5
1.3
4.6
1.2
surface
temper
treatment
yellowish green overfired buff l. grey buff
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) cs f.
?
5Y7.5/2
W
=A15
V (s.m.l) a. Mm
WS
10YR8/3
W
=A23
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
435
US 140 PL.PP.140.1 A10
A5
A17
A15
A23
A16
A13
A22
A26
A19
A7
A6
A3
A18
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY O. KROCZAK/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A9
A11
A21
A1
A12
A25
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A4
A24
The Greater Zab Valley
436
US 141
EARTHEN RAMPART
Contour map: cut 2 m, generated by QGIS (from total station cloud of points). Processed by J. Mardas, drawing by X. Kolińska.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
437
US 141 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٤١
NUMBER ON MAP
US 141 S 152
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
١ تل باب البيت
LOCAL NAME
Tall Bāb al-Bĩt 1
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION LOCATION. On the peninsula of the eroded upper terrace of the Greater Zab, c. 2.5 km south-west of Xandak and 1 km east-north-east of Hancĩrūk Nūê. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site overlooks the Zab River, and is located on the top of a ridge formed by two deeply incised seasonal streams, one on the east, the other on the west, and a very steep slope descending to the riverbed. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.083 ha, B – 0.158 ha, C – 0.130 ha, amounting to 25% of the site area. Area A is located in the central part of the site, covering an area enclosed by a rectangular earthen rampart, while Area B and Area C are located in the southern and northern parts of the site, respectively. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. An unfinished earthen rampart is present in the central, most elevated part of the site. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A site that has yielded an extremely rich collection of Middle and Late Bronze-age pottery. Its location on a hill, a remnant of a much-eroded upper terrace of the Zab, at some distance from good agricultural land, suggests that the site was a low-ranking administrative centre, or had some military significance; thanks to its elevated position, it provides a good view of the Zab Valley to the north-east and across the river.
36°20'03"N 43°44'06"E
DMS
0386491, 4021769
UTM 38S
302
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Hancĩrūk Nūê
IDENTIFICATION transect 9 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Koliński, R., Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project. Report on the Field Activities of the Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Project for the 2014 season, p. 10, (listed as S 153).
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 8
9
10
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
31
48
14
area
1.80
1.80
1.80
11
12
13
14
15
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
16
17
18
19
20
21
The Greater Zab Valley
438
US 141 PHOTO A group of three sites near the village of Kalkānĩ/Hancĩrūk Kavĩn: US 140, US 141, and US 142, view from the north. In the bottom right corner, the southern part of US 139 is visible.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
439
US 141 PHOTOS A group of three sites near the village of Kalkānĩ/Hancĩrūk Kavĩn: US 140, US 141, and US 142, view from the north.
US 141 seen from the south. On the right, the Greater Zab.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
Photo by X. Kolińska
The Greater Zab Valley
440
US 141 MISCELLANEOUS FINDS ON PL.MF.141.1 FIELD NUMBER A1 B54
TYPE sikkatu-wall nail vessel (rectangular basin)
MATERIAL terracotta teracotta
DIMENSIONS (cm) ø5.1, h. 8.7 5.0 x 4.9 x 3.3, th. 0.7
PRESERVATION damaged head with flange and tip broken off small wall fragment preserving full height
MISCELLANEOUS FINDS NOT ILLUSTRATED FIELD NUMBER 1/A 2/A 3/A
TYPE S.2 Baked brick S.2 Baked brick F. Grinder
MATERIAL terracotta terracotta basalt
DIMENSIONS (cm) [14] x [12] x 5 [22] x 15.5 x 6.5 [21.5] x 16 x 5
PRESERVATION fragment 2/3 preserved both ends missing
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
441
US 141
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
PL.MF.141.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
442
US 141 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.141.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
10/8
1.5
4.7
0.4
A4
10/8
1
5.4
0.3-0.6
A22
10/11
15
8.8
1.2-1.8
A23
10/11
23
15.3
0.8-1.4
A25
10/11
15
8.2
0.9-1.2
4
4.0
0.3-0.6
buff
2.2
0.6
p. brown
8.0
0.8-1.1
A40
10/6
A83
[10/2]
B26
10/11
B32
[10/2]
2.0
0.3
B33
[10/2]
3.1
0.6
11
B34 C17
10/11
13
forming
th
A3
p. brown p. greyish brown l. reddish brown buff l. reddish brown l. reddish brown p. brown
decoration
temper treatment
colour
technique
colour
PNT
10YR6/4
M l(s.m) fs
M l(s.m) fs
out.: WS
5Y8/2
M l(s.m.l) a. s
M l(s.m.l) a. s
out.: WS in.: 0
5Y8/2 lr
W
V (s.m.l) a. M l(t) s
V (s.m.l) a. M l(t) s
out.: WS?
10YR8/3
W+H
V (s.m.l) M l(s) fs f. m
V (s.m.l) M l(s) fs f. m
out.: WS
10YR8/3
W+H
V (s.m) (l) f.
V (s.m) (l) f.
WS?
2.5Y8/2 lr
W+H
M l(t.s.m) a. s
M l(t.s.m) a. s
WS
10YR8/2
V (s) f. M l(s.m) f. fs? V (s.m.l) M l(l) f. s f. m
V (s) f. M l(s.m) f. fs? V (s.m.l) M l(l) f. s f. m
WS
5Y8/2
reddish brown l. reedish M fs m brown V (s.m) f. l. brown M l(t) f. fs
out.: WS in.: 0
W
W PNT
7.5YR5/1
10YR8/3
W W+H
M fs m
WS
7.5YR8/2 pr
PNT
5YR5/1
W
V (s.m) f. M l(t) f. fs
out.: WS
10YR8/3
PNT
5YR7/6
W
PNT
2.5YR6/4
3.0
0.5
buff
M l(t) f. fs
M l(t) f. fs
out.: WS
7.5YR8/3
8.0
0.7-1.2
l. brown
V (s.m.l) a.
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS in.: 0
10YR8/2
W W+H
DECORATED FRAGMENTS NOT ILLUSTRATED dimensions
No
B20
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
[10/11]
VIII-IX
surface break
ø
h
th
13
6.3
1.3
forming treatment
l. pinkish brown
decoration
temper
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS Ss
colour
10YR8/2 lr
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
technique
colour
W+H
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
443
US 141
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.141.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
444
US 141 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.141.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
decoration
temper
forming
ø
h
th
2.5
4.0
0.5-0.7
30
4.3
1.0
16
4.0
0.7
p. brown
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
4.2
0.8
p. yellowish green
V (s.m.l) a.
0
13.8
1.3-2.2
p. greenish
V (s.m) Ms
out.: WS in.: 0
2.5Y8/3
PNT+RBD?
C2
5.1
1.4
l. yellowish green
V (s.m.l) a.
0
5Y8/3
RBD
W
C3
6.5
1.1
l. yellowish grey overfired
V (s.m.l)
?
5Y8/2
RBD
W
A2 A13 A56
VIII?
A82 B52
34
treatment
colour
technique
colour
PNT?
10R6/4
5Y8/2
PNT
10R6.5/6
5Y8/3 lr
RBD
reddish brown
M l(t) s
0
7.5YR7/6
t. reddish brown grey
PG? (s.m.l)
P S or deco?
10YR8/2
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
H H W W 7.5YR6/4
W+H
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
445
US 141 PL.DF.141.2
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
A56
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
446
US 141 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.141.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø
h
th
29
5.3
1.3
VIII
16
3.2
0.6-0.9
A7 A8
surface break
l. beige
A9
[10/10]
VIII
19
4.7
1.2
reddish brown
A10
[10/13]
IX
29
5.3
1.0
buff
A14
VIII
31
5.0
1.1
greyish brown
A15
VIII
28
7.3
0.8
reddish brown
V (s.m) M l(t.s) fs V (s.m) f. M s? f. V (s.m.l) f. M l(t) fs V (s.m) a. M l(s) f. fs V (s.m.l) M s cs f. V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs m. f.
A18
[10/6]
VIII
18
2.6
0.5
l. reddish brown p. brown
V (s.m.l) a.
A19
[10/6]
VIII-IX
20
4.7
0.7
p. brown
V (s.m.l)
A20
[10/13]
V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) M l(t) s V (s.m.l)
IX
19
4.1
0.9
p. yellow
A27
IX
25
8.4
1.2
buff
A43
IX
28
4.3
1.0
A44
IX
23
9.1
1.5-1.7
15
5.8
0.6-1.0
B7
[10/6]
VIII
25
2.4
0.6
reddish brown reddish brown greyish brown reddish brown bluish green yellowish green bluish green overfired p. grey
B17
[10/10]
VIII
32
5.1
1.0
l. brown
27
4.4
1.0
B45
8/1
VIII
27
4.6
0.9
B49 C4 C23
8/1
VIII VIII VIII
26 25 15
3.8 4.8 2.3
0.9 0.9-1.1 0.6
A52
B24
forming treatment
l. reddish brown
buff l. brown reddish buff p. greenish grey p. greenish grey
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
WS (tt.) Ss
10YR8/3
out.: WS in.: er.
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
in.: WS (tt.)
10YR8/3
W
out.: WS in.: er.
10YR8/2
W
er.
2.5Y8/2
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS out.: bitumen in.: 0 WS
W
10YR8/2
PNT
2.5YR5/3
10YR8/3
W W
5Y8/2 lr
W
WS Ss
5Y8/2 lr
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
5YR7/6
H
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS in.: 0
5Y7.5/3
W
V (s.m) V (s.m.l) M l(s) f. s f. m V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs f. m f. V (s.m) M l(t.s) s V (s.m) V (s.m) V (s.m.l)
WS
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
WS
5Y8/2 pr
W
WS? er.
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
WS? (er.)
2.5Y8/3 lr
? out.: WS WS
2.5Y8/3 5Y8/2 5Y8/2
W PNT (r.)
7.5YR6/4
W W W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A42
VIII
B29
break
dimensions
surface
temper
ø
h
th
20
3.6
0.9
buff
20
4.8
1.0
buff
V (s.m) M s a. V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l)
treatment
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
WS?
5Y8/2 lr
W
WS out.: 0 in.: bitumen
2.5Y8/1.5
W
=A8 =A8
10YR8/3 lr
W
=A10
WS
10YR8/3
W
=A20
WS
5Y8/2 pr
W
=A20
A30
[10/13]
IX
?
5.5
1.0
buff
A11
[10/13]
IX
2.7
3.9
0.6-0.8
buff
IX
25
4.2
1.0
p. brown reddish brown p. brown buff
V (s.m.l.xl) a. M l(t.s.m.l) s f.
WS
7.5YR8/3
H
=A20
l. bluish grey
V (s.m.l) a. M s f.
WS
5Y8/1
W
=A20
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS in.: er.
5YR7/6
H
=A44
2.5Y8/2 / 5YR7/6 7.5YR8/3 lr
H
=A44
W
=B17
A16 A53 B31
[10/13]
IX
A45
21
4.1
0.9
27
3.7
0.8-1.1
32
9.0
1.8
B43
38
7.7
1.3-1.5
C20
28
4.7
1.1
reddish brown grey reddish brown reddish brown l. reddish brown reddish brown greyish brown p. yellow buff
A17
8/1
VIII
26
3.3
0.9
B6
8/1
VIII
30
3.3
0.7
C16
27
3.7
1.0
l. brown
A71
29
5.3
0.8
p. brown
V (s.m.l) Ms V (s.m.l) a. M fs
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m) s cs f. V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m) M l(t.s) fs
out.: 0 in.: ? WS WS
10YR8/3
PNT (r.)
V (s.m.l)
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
PNT (r.)
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) f. V (s.m) Ms
7.5YR5/3
W
=B45
W
=B45
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
=B45
WS
2.5Y8/3 pr
W
=B49
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
447
US 141 PL.PP.141.1 A43
B24
A7
A52
A9
B17
B45
B7
C4
A8
A18
C23
A14
A15
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY A. SZCZĘSNY/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A10
B49
A44
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A19
A20
A27
The Greater Zab Valley
448
US 141 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.141.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A29
X
A38 A51
ø
h
th
26
3.7
1.0
WS
10YR8/3
V (s.m.l) a. M l(t.s)
0
2.5Y8/2 / 5YR7/6
H
WS
5Y8/2 lr
W
c4.9
0.7-0.9
6.4
0.9
buff
V (s.m.l) M l(t) f. s
27
7.6
1.3
p. brown
V (s.m.l) a.
X
27
3.3
0.8
p. yellow
V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) f. fs V (s.m.l) M fs pebbles f. V (s.m.l) M l(s) f. u-black part. a. V (s.m.l) M s f. V (s.m.l) M fs m f. V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) V (s.m) (l) f. Msm V (s.m)
31
3.7
0.9
d. buff
IX
43
10.0
1.2
p. greyish brown
B13
[10/12]
IX
40
9.8
1.5
p. greenish brown
IX
29
7.1
1.0
p. yellowish brown
B23
IX
25
3.0
1.1
B46
X
29
4.4
1.0-1.2
27
5.3
0.9
buff
buff
l. brown grey greyish brown grey
l. brown reddish brown
C14
IX
16
4.1
0.8
C18
X
29
3.3
0.8
IX
51
8.5
2.4
p. yellowish brown
36
5.0
0.9
reddish brown
1.3
p. yellow yellowish grey p. yellow
C19
[10/12]
C21
[10/13]
C24
IX
48
6.7
colour
V (s.m.l) a. M l(t.s) fs
6
[10/14]
technique
reddish brown buff reddish brown
[10/12]
B47
colour
l. reddish brown
A79
B16
forming treatment
27
A75
decoration
temper
IX
A59 A73
surface break
out.: WS in.: er. WS
W
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
5Y8/2 pr
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
0
5Y8/2 lr
out.: WS in.: 0
2.5Y8/2
out.: WS
5Y8/2 pr
W
10YR8/4
W
out.: WS in.: er.
W RBD
H+SW
er.
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
WS
10YR8/3 lr
W
V (s.m) M s cs f.
er.
10YR7/3 / 10YR7/2
W
V (s.m.l) a. Ms V (s.m) M l(t.s.m.l) s cs f.
out.: WS in.: bitumen out.: WS in.: er.
2.5Y8/2 lr
H+SW
10YR8/3
W
V (s.m.l) a.
out.: WS in.: er.
2.5Y8/2
? er.
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A67 A57
[10/12]
IX
break
dimensions
surface
temper
ø
h
th
35
3.0
0.9
l. brown
V (s.m.l) a.
er.
46
8.3
1.2-1.4
l. brown
V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m) (l) f. Ms V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) u-black part. V (s.m.l) a. M s cs f. V (s.m.l) a. M (s.m.l) f.
WS out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0 out.: WS in.: 0
treatment
decoration
colour
W
=A75
H+SW
=A79
[10/12]
IX
46
10.8
1.6
p. greenish grey
[10/12]
IX
38
9.4
1.3-1.7
p. greenish grey
B18
26
2.3
0.8
l. reddish brown
C8
26
4.7
0.9
p. brown
A84
39
4.2
1.3
t. reddish reddish brown t. reddish
V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m.l) f.
0
5YR8/4
l. brown
V (s.m) M l(s.m) s cs f.
er.
2.5Y8/2
3.2
1.1
colour
2.5Y8/2
B1
27
analogy
10YR8/3 lr
B12
B19
technique
forming
2.5Y7.5/3
RBD
H+SW
=B13
5Y8/2
RBD
H+SW
=B13
WS
7.5YR7.5/4
W
=B23
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
=B46
?
=C18
W
=C19
INC
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
449
US 141 PL.PP.141.2 B47
A75
B23
A29
C18
A73
C19
B46
C14
C21
A51
A59
B16 A38
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY A. SZCZĘSNY/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B13
A79
C24
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
450
US 141 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.141.3 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
VIII?
30
4.3
1.0
9.5
1.1-1.4
A54
[10/15]
IX
37
A65
[10/14]
IX
43
5.3
0.9
25
10.4
1.1-1.3
23
11.6
1.4
p. greyish brown
V (s.m.l) a.
34
4.2
1.3
reddish brown greyish brown reddish brown
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) s m
A76 A80
[10/12]
IX
B3 B9
[8/1]
IX
27
4.9
1.0
buff
B14
8/1
VIII
24
6.7
1.0
p. yellowish brown
B37
[10/14]
IX
19
3.8
0.7
p. brown
B38
VIII
25
4.2
0.8-1.0
B41
VIII
22
3.1
0.5
p. greenish reddish brown buff reddish brown
B48
[10/12]
IX
49
8.9
1.4
p. greyish brown
C11
[10/14]
IX
20
6.2
0.8-1.0
l. yellowish grey
IX
17
4.4
0.6
buff
25
4.7
0.8
greyish brown
C13 C22
forming treatment
t. reddish brown grey yellowish green overfired yellowish green overfired buff
A13
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
PNT?
10R6/4
PG? (s.m.l)
P Ss
10YR8/2
V (s.m.l) M fs
WS
2.5Y8/2
H+SW
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
2.5Y8/3
W
V (s.m.l) a.
WS out.: WS in.: er.
10YR8/3
WS
5YR7.5/4
out.: WS in.: er.
10YR8/3
V (s.m.l) M l(t) s f. V (s.m.l) a. M u-black part. f. V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m.l) V (s.m.l) a. M l(s.m) V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) s f.
W RBD
W W W
WS
5Y8/2
WS
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
WS
5Y8/2 lr
W
WS
5YR7/6 lr
W
out.: WS in.: er. out.: 0 in.: WS
V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) Ms V (s.m.l) M l(t) V (s.m.l) a.
cream
H
2.5Y8/2 lr
PNT
7.5YR5/2
RBD
W
SW?
2.5Y8/2 pr
W
out.: WS Ss
10YR8/3 pr
W
er.
10YR8/2 lr
?
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
treatment
A63
[10/12]
IX
19
6.7
0.9
l. brown
B15
[10/15]
IX
39
7.8
1.2
beige
A68
[10/12]
IX
22
3.6
0.7
p. greenish brown
31
3.3
1.1
l. brown
[10/15]
VIII
22
4.0
0.9
l. brown
28
3.7
0.9
buff
[10/14]
IX
34
4.5
0.7
l. pinkish brown
B44 A58 B10 C15
surface
temper
V (s.m.l) M fs V (s.m.l) M l(t) s f. V (s.m.l) Ms V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l) M fs V (s.m.l) a. M l(t.s) f. V (s.m) M fs
decoration
colour
WS? er.
5Y8/2 lr
WS
10YR8/3
WS
5Y8/2 lr
0 or er.
technique
forming
analogy
colour
W
=A80
W
=B9
RBD
=A80
10YR8/3
W
=B9
WS
2.5Y8/2 pr
W
=B38
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
=B38
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
=C11
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
451
US 141 PL.PP.141.3 A13
B3
C22
B14
A76
B41
C13
C11
A80
B37
A65
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY A. SZCZĘSNY/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B48
A54
B38
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B9
The Greater Zab Valley
452
US 141 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.141.4 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A12 A36 A37
8/6 8/6
VIII VIII
surface break
ø
h
th
10
3.9
0.9
7.5
6.3
1.0-1.4
18
4.3
p. greenish brown l. brown greyish green
IX-X
8
3.8
0.3
VIII VIII
15 14 16
3.5 4.1 4.0
1.0 0.6 0.7
IX
48
6.0
1.5
buff
A61 A64 A69
23 25 13
4.7 4.2 3.9
0.7-1.0 0.6-0.8 0.9
A78
12
5.7
1.0-1.4
A41
[10/7]
A60
A86
[10/12]
[10/14]
IX
A88 B22
8/6
VIII
p. yellow l. green l. greyish green p. greenish grey p. reddish brown
W
=A36
W
=A37
5Y8/2 lr
W
=A69
5Y8/2
W
=A78
cream 5Y8/2 5Y8/2
W W W
=A86 =A86 =A86
PNT
10R6.5/6
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
=B40
WS? er. WS WS
2.5Y8/2 lr 5Y8/3 lr 5Y8/1.5
W W W
=C6 =C9 =C9 =C9
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
cream
W
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
8.3
0.8-1.4
p. brown
M l(s.m) f. s a.
0.8-1.0
t. buff black
V (s.m.l) a.
WS
10YR8/3 / 7.5YR7/4
H
16
3.6
1.1
WS
7.5YR8/3
W
WS
2.5Y8/2 pr
W
WS
5Y8/1.5
W
5Y8/2 lr
W
buff
4.4
0.8
p. brown
5.0
0.8
l. brown
IX
18
6.2
0.7
buff
VIII-IX
10
3.9
1.2
buff
C6
22
3.9
1.1
C9
9
3.5
0.9
[10/12]
V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m) M fs V (s.m) a. V (s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) a.
5Y8/2 5Y8/2 lr
6.0
12
C12
M l(s.m) fs
colour
?
13
8/6
out.: er. in.: WS out.: WS b. bitumen in.: bitumen out.: WS in.: 0 WS WS WS
technique
16
B42
C5
0
colour
out.: WS in.: 0 or er.
B40
B50
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) a. s V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) s f. cs f. V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l)
p. greenish grey / p. yellowish brown l. brown l. grey p. brown
A46 A55 A56
forming treatment
1.4
decoration
temper
47
5.3
l. reddish brown l. brown l. reddish brown reddish brown t. grey reddish brown "l. greenish grey overfired"
1.5
V (s.m.l) a. M l(l) f. m f. V (s.m) V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) f. s f. V (s.m) Ms V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) s
out.: WS in.: ? WS
10YR8/3 lr
W
V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs f.
WS
7.5YR7.5/4
H?
V (s.m.l) M cs pebbles f.
out.: ? in.: WS
7.5YR7/5
W
"V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) s"
0
5Y8/2
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
B11
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
8/6
VIII
break
dimensions
2.0
1.4
buff
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m.l) f.
out.: ? in.: WS
10YR8/3
W
=A36
V (s.m) a.
WS
cream
W
=A37
WS
10YR7.5/4
W
=A69
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
=A78
WS
2.5Y8/3 lr
W
=A86
er.
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
=A86
2.5Y8/3
W
=A86 =B40
1.7
A70
13
4.3
0.7
brown
A47
14
3.9
0.6
buff
14
7.7
1.0-1.2
A62
[10/14]
IX
A72
[10/14]
IX
18
3.5
0.8
buff
B36
[10/14]
IX
20
3.7
0.8
p. brown
A66
VIII
analogy
17
treatment
3.7
VIII
forming
th
13
8/6
decoration
h
l. brown l. yellowish brown
A49
surface
temper
ø
11
3.9
0.6
A74
20
3.9
0.7
A31
10
2.9
0.8-1.0
B2
8
4.2
1.0
B8
14
4.0
1.1
l. chocolate brown
l. brown d. reddish brown black p. brown l. reddish brown l. grey l. brown buff
V (s.m.l) Ms V (s.m.l) a. M l(m.l) s f. V (s.m.l) M l(t) fs V (s.m.l) M l(t.s) s V (s.m) M fs? V (s.m.l) M l(t) s a.
out.: WS r. + in.: bitumen er.
PG (s.m.l) a. (xl) f. P
colour
technique
colour
2.5Y8/2
W
7.5YR7.4 / 7.5YR6/2
H
=C6
cream
W
=C9
V (s.m.l) M l(t.s.m.l) s. f.
in.: WS (tt.)
V (s.m.l)
WS
10YR5/1
W
=C9
V (s.m.l) M fs?
out.: WS in.: ?
2.5Y8/2
W
=C9
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
453
US 141 PL.PP.141.4 A88
A41
A46
A78
A69
A55
B40
B42
A12
B50
A86
A61
C6
A56
A64
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY A. SZCZĘSNY/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
C12
A60
C5
B22
A36
A37
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
C9
The Greater Zab Valley
454
US 141 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.141.5 dimensions
No
A2 A3
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
10/8
X
surface break
ø
h
th
2.5 1.5
4.0 4.7
0.5-0.7 0.4
reddish brown p. brown
M l(t) s M l(s.m) fs
A4
10/8
X
1
5.4
0.3-0.6
p. greyish brown
M l(s.m.l) a. s
[10/3]
IX
2.5
3.0
0.5
buff
M l(t.s) fs a.
A6
10/3
IX
2
2.5
0.4
buff
M l(s) fs
9
4.0
0.9-1.2
l. yellowish green
V (s.m.l) a.
0.7-1.1
reddish brown greyish brown reddish brown
A24
8
6.9
A26
VIII-IX
12
6.9
1.1
l. brown
V (s.m.l) a.
VIII-X
17
7.7
1.0
l. brown
V (s.m.l) a.
A32
IX
13
5.4
1.2
brown
V (s.m.l) a.
X
9
4.0
0.8
reddish brown
V (s.m) f. M l(t) fs. m
IX
14
3.8
1.1-1.3
l. brown
V (s.m.l) a.
X
4 10.5
4.0 4.3
0.3-0.6 1.5
buff brick red
M l(t.s.m) a. s V (s.m)
IX
7
2.9
0.9
p. yellowish brown
V (s.m.l) a.
p. yellowish brown p. brown p. yellowish brown
V (s.m.l) a.
10/6
A39 A40 A50
10/6
B5 B21
[8/6]
B25
[8/6]
X?
11
5.7
1.4-2.0
10
7.3
1.2
p. brown
B27
[8/6]
9
4.0
0.9-1.1
B28
[10/3]
3.5
1.9
0.7
8
4.7
0.6-0.8
B51 B53
10/8
C10
X?
3.5
2.5
0.8
IX
12
7.3
1.1-1.5
buff
0 out.: WS out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: 0 in.: WS
out.: bitumen in.: r. t. bitumen b. 0 out.: WS in.: er.
technique
colour
7.5YR7/6 5Y8/2
PNT
10YR6/4
H W W
7.5YR7/3
W
2.5Y8/2
W
5Y8/2 lr
NTW
5YR7/5
W
10YR8/3 lr
W
10YR8/3
W
in.: WS
10YR7.5/4 / 10YR7/2
W
WS Ss
10YR8/2
W
2.5Y8/2 pr
W
10YR8/2 cream
W W
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
in.: WS
2.5Y8/2 pr
NTW
WS? er.
10YR8/3
W
10YR8/3
W
out.: WS in.: bitumen WS WS Ss out.: ? in.: WS
V (s.m.l) a. M fs V (s.m.l) M fs cs f. m
colour
5Y8/2 lr
out.: WS in.: 0
M s cs f.
A28
A33
forming treatment
A5
A21
decoration
temper
WS
l. yellowish green
M fs
out.: WS in.: 0
reddish brown greyish brown reddish brown
M l(t.s) s m
out.: S/PNT in.: er.
p. brown
V (s.m.l) a.
l. reddish brown
V (s.m.l)
out.: WS in.: ? in.: WS (tt.)
2.5Y8/3 lr 5YR7/6
W PNT/S?
10R6/7
W
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
10YR8/3
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
C1
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
[10/3]
IX
A87 B30
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
2.5
5.2
0.4
brown
17 12
2.5 2.5
0.8 1.1
black l. brown p. brown / l. reddish brown
V (s.m.l) f. M fs PG a. V (s.m.l) V (s.m.l) a. M l(t.m.l) s f.
p. brown
V (s.m.l)
buff
V (s.m) (l) f. M fs
A35
[8/6]
11
2.8
0.9-1.1
A48
[8/6]
13
1.8
0.7
12
5.0
1.3-1.8
A34
surface
temper
treatment
out.: WS in.: ? P WS
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
10YR7/4
W
=A5
10YR4/1 10YR8/3 lr 2.5Y8/2 / 5YR8/4
H W
=A28 =A39
W
=B27
out.: WS in.: er.
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
=B27
WS? er.
2.5Y8/2 lr
W
=C10
WS
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
455
US 141 PL.PP.141.5 C10 A32
A5
B5
A6
B21 A39 B53
A4
A3
A33
A50
A40 B28
A21
B51
B27
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA, M. NAZIR/DIGITIZED BY A. SZCZĘSNY/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B25
A24
A28 A2
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A26
The Greater Zab Valley
456
US 142
Contour map: cut 2 m, generated by QGIS (from total station cloud of points). Processed by J. Mardas, drawing by X. Kolińska.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
457
US 142 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٤٢
NUMBER ON MAP
US 142 S 153
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
٢ تل باب البيت
LOCAL NAME
Tall Bāb al-Bĩt 2
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river difficult
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°19'56"N 43°44'00"E
DMS
0386336, 4021546
UTM 38S
295
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Hancĩrūk Nūê
IDENTIFICATION transect 9 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
LOCATION. On the peninsula of the eroded upper terrace of the Greater Zab, c. 0.9 km east-north-east of Hancĩrūk Nūê. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A small flat site on a peninsula formed by a deeply incised seasonal stream valley and the Zab River, on the remnant of the upper terrace. AREAS COLLECTED. A – whole site. DAMAGES. The site is damaged by looting pits present in its central and northern parts. Two circular wells, not fully filled with soil, were observed in the north and the south, along the edge of the Zab terrace. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A very small site demonstrating occupation starting in the Sasanian period and continuing into Middle and Late Islamic times (Period 19). The lack of sherds assigned to Period 18 may be accidental. One of the very few sites located on the western bank of the Greater Zab where the occupation lasted from the Sasanian to the Late Islamic period.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 15
16
17
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
3
12
5
2
area
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
18
19
20
21
The Greater Zab Valley
458
US 142 PHOTO A group of three sites near the village of Kalkānĩ/Hancĩrūk Kavĩn: US 140, US 141, and US 142, view from the north. In the bottom right corner, the southern part of US 139 is visible.
Xabāt
US 142
Photo by J. Mardas
KalKānĩ US 141
US 140
US 139
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
459
US 142 PHOTOS Northern part of US 142. The pits visible in the photo are the result of growing plants that require intensive irrigation.
Photo by X. Kolińska
moUnd of earth
US 142
Southern part of the site. On the right, the valley of the Greater Zab.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by X. Kolińska
The Greater Zab Valley
460
US 142 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.142.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A1
19/4
XIX
A2 A3
surface break
h
decoration
temper
forming
th
treatment
colour
technique
APL
2.7
1.4
p. greenish grey
M l(s.m) fs
WS
5Y8/2 pr
3.5
1.6
l. brown
M s a.
WS
5Y8/2 lr
M l(t.s) fs
colour
H (h.) H (h.)
XVI
3.1
0.9
p. green
0
5Y8/2
INC
H (h.)
A4
16/7
XVI
4.9
0.8
t. l. yellowish brown M l(t.s) l(m) f. fs m l. reddish brown
WS
cream
CMB
W
A8
15/3
XV
1.6
0.5
p. greenish grey
M l(t) fs
deco
cream
MLD
M
A10
16/10
XVI
4.0
1.0
p. green
Ms
out.: deco in.: WS
5Y8/2 lr
IMP
W
A11
16/10
XVI
3.9
0.9
p. greyish grey
Ms
out.: deco
5Y8/2 pr
IMP
W
A13
15/3
XV
1.8
0.5
p. greenish grey
M l(s) fs
out.: deco
5Y8/2 pr
IMP
W
XVI
3.2
1.0
p. grey
M l(s) f. s
WS
5Y8/2 pr
IMP
W
16/8
XVI
4.0
0.7
p. yellowish grey
M l(s.m) s
WS
5Y8/2 lr
CMB
W
2.8
0.7
p. grey
Ms
5Y8/2 pr
INC+IMP
W
3.6
0.7
p. yellow
M l(s.m) f. s
5Y8/2 pr
INC+IMP
W
4.4
1.1
p. brown
Ms
cream
INC+IMP
W
4.8
0.9
p. greyish brown
Ms
cream
IMP+INC
W
A14 A15 A17 A18 A19 A20
XVI-XVII XVI-XVII XVI-XVII XVI-XVII
out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: 0
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
461
US 142
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.142.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
462
US 142 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.142.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
decoration
temper
forming
h
th
A5
3.8
0.7
l. brown
Ms
out.: WS in.: 0
cream
INC
W
A6
2.2
0.5
p. greenish grey
M l(t) fs
WS
cream
IMP+INC
W
A7
3.8
0.6
yellowish green overfired
M l(s.m) s a.
WS
A9
2.8
0.6
l. brown
M s a.
out.: WS in.: 0
2.6
0.6
p. greenish
M l(s.m) fs
A16
3.8
0.7
l. brown
A21
3.6
0.7
4.0
A12
A22 A23
XIX
16/7 16/8
XVI XVI
4.8
treatment
colour
technique
colour
5Y7/2.5
INC
W
2.5Y8/2 lr
INC
W
0
5Y8/2.5
IMP+CMB?
W
Ms
out.: WS in.: 0
5Y8/2 pr
INC?+CMB?
W
p. greyish brown
Ms
WS
5Y8/2 pr
CMB
W
0.8
p. greenish
M l(s) l(m.l) f. fs?
WS
5Y8/2
CMB
W
0.9
p. grey p. orange p. grey
M s a.
WS
2.5Y8/2 lr
CMB
W
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Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
463
US 142
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.142.2
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
464
US 142 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.142.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
A24 A25
31 27
4.3 4.0
0.7 0.8
A26
8
1.9
0.4
A27
XVII
p. yellow t. p. grey brown t. p. grey p. greenish grey p. greenish grey l. greyish brown
colour
cream 5Y8/2 pr
W W
WS
5Y8/1.5
W
Ms
WS
5Y8/2 pr
W
M l(s.m.l) M l(s.m) s a. M l(s) s m
WS er. er. out.: WS in.: er. out.: WS out.: WS in.: 0 WS 0 WS
5Y8/1.5 cream 2.5Y8/2
W W W
8
3.0
0.6
4.0 2.0 3.0
0.8-1.0 0.6 0.8
A31
28
2.3
0.9
greyish brown
M l(t) s cs f.
A32
8
2.0
0.4
M l(t.s) s
XVII
14
2.8
0.4-0.6
XVI XVII
14 16 11
2.1 2.5 2.7
0.6 0.8 0.6
p. greyish brown pinkish l. grey p. grey reddish brown p. grey
16/6
technique
WS WS
27 12 11
A34 A35 A36
colour
M l(s.m) fs M s m. V (s.m) f. M fs
A28 A29 A30
A33
forming treatment
p. greenish grey l. reddish brown
decoration
temper
Ms M l(s.m) s M s cs f. m M l(t.s) s
2.5Y8/2
W
5Y8/2 lr
W
5YR6.5/4
W
5Y8/2 pr 5YR6/4 5Y8/1.5
W W W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A37
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
16/6
XVI
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
19
2.7
1.0
surface
temper
treatment
p. yellow
M l(s) s
WS
decoration
colour
technique
cream
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
W
=A34
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
465
US 142 PL.PP.142.1
A28
A34
A25
A29
A24
A31
A33
A35
A27
A30
A26
A36
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY B. OPOKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A32
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
466
US 143
Contour map: cut 1 m, generated by QGIS (from total station cloud of points). Processed by J. Mardas, drawing by X. Kolińska.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
467
US 143 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٤٣
NUMBER ON MAP
US 143 S 154
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
تل جمعة
LOCAL NAME
Tall Ǧamʻa
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
tell with lower city
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE
LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE large river valley SETTING RELATION on the stream, tributary of the Greater Zab TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION good CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°19'44"N 43°42'40"E
DMS
0384340, 4021211
UTM 38S
292
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Bardaṟaş
NĀXĨA
Dāratû
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Hancĩrūk Nūê
IDENTIFICATION car survey, interview 17 September 2015
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Koliński, R., Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project. Report on the Field Activities of the Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Project for the 2014 season, pp. 9-10.
LOCATION. On the middle Zab terrace, west of a seasonal stream, at the western limit of Hancĩrūk Nūê. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site is composed of a small mound (c. 30 m in diameter and 5 m high), located on the eastern bank of a seasonal stream, and a flat area extending for c. 150-200 m over the Zab terrace towards the north, east, and, to some extent, south. The sherd scatter is dense on and around the mound and more moderate in the other areas. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.094 ha, B – 0.139 ha, C – 0.119 ha, amounting to 16% of the site area. Area A covers a small mound in the western part of the site, next to a stream, Area B is located on a flat area immediately east of Area A, and Area C lies between the houses in the south-eastern part of the site. DAMAGES. The mound shows traces of a few round pits and is not cultivated. The flat part of the site is under cultivation, except for its north-eastern and eastern parts, whereat several houses of the village of Hancĩrūk Nūê are standing. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A small Mitanni-period site, probably a hamlet, re-occupied and expanded in the Neo-Assyrian period, also existing in Hellenistic and Parthian times. Other sites with Period 9 occupation include US 141, located 2.25 km to the west, and US 084, c. 3.75 km up the seasonal stream on which US 143 is located. The Iron Age occupational sequence resembles the pattern observed already at other Zab sites, namely US 121, US 122, US 137, and US 138.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 11
12
13
14
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 3
10
3
1
10
2
area
1.12
1.12
0.5
2.24
1.12
15
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
16
17
18
19
20
21
The Greater Zab Valley
468
US 143 PHOTOS View of the north-western part of the site from the place marked as Area A.
Photo by X. Kolińska
US 143
Northern part of the site. Behind the hills, houses of the village of Kalkānĩ/Hancĩrūk Kavĩn are visible.
KalKānĩ
p i t
US 143
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by X. Kolińska
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
469
US 143 PHOTOS Eastern part of the site with the village of Hancĩrūk Nūê in the background.
Photo by X. Kolińska
Hancĩrūk nūê
US 143
South-eastern fragment of the site in the upper left corner of the photo. On the right, the village of Hancĩrūk Nūê.
Photo by X. Kolińska
Hancĩrūk nūê
US 143
p i t
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
470
US 143 MISCELLANEOUS FINDS ON PL.MF.143.1 FIELD NUMBER B3
TYPE R.2 Stone bowl
MATERIAL granite?
DIMENSIONS (cm) ø15.0, h. c5.3, th. 1.4
PRESERVATION wall fragment with rim and base
MISCELLANEOUS FINDS NOT ILLUSTRATED FIELD NUMBER 1/A 2/A 3/A 4/A 5/B
TYPE C.5 Flat quern C.3 Flat quern B.2 Saddle quern C.3 Flat quern C.6 Flat quern
MATERIAL lava basalt lava conglomerate lava
DIMENSIONS (cm) [17] x [10] x 5 [20] x [14] 5 [22] x [14] x 5.5 [28] x 22 x 8 [20] x [15] x 5
PRESERVATION 2/7 preserved fragment 1/3 preserved 1/4 preserved 1/4 preserved, with an L-shaped base
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
471
US 143
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY K. DO HUU
PL.MF.143.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
472
US 143 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.143.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A1 A3
h
th
11
2.0
0.6
l. greyish green
M l(s) a. fs
3.5
1.0
p. yellowish brown l. brown p. yellowish brown
IX?
8/1
IX?
B2 B4
IX?
10
decoration
temper
ø
A12 B1
surface break
forming treatment
colour
technique
colour
GLZ
n.d.
GLZ
out.: blue in.: d. green
V (s.m) M l(t) s
WS
10YR8/3 lr
INC
4.6
0.7
l. yellowish green
Ms
WS
5Y8/2
INC
2.8
0.4
l. green overfired
M l(s) s
0?
5Y7.5/2
PNT
3.9
2.0
buff
V (s.m) f. M cs
WS
10YR8/3
V (s.m.l) M l(t) f. m f.
WS Ss
2.5Y8/2 lr
M l(t.s) s q/m a.
out.: WS in.: ? out.: WS
3.6
0.8
t. l. brown reddish brown t. l. brown reddish brown l. greyish brown
B5
6.5
0.7
B6
2.8
1.0
p. brown
C3
3.8
0.8
p. grey
C4
3.5
0.6
buff
M l(t) fs
WS
C6
7.6
1.6
t. buff l. grey l. greyish brown
M l(t.s) cs m
out.: WS in.: er.
V (s.m) f. M fs? m V (s.m.l) a. M s f.
er.
W W W
5Y6/2
W H (h.)
INC
W
5YR7/6
APL
W
5Y8/2
CMB
W
5Y8/1.5
INC
W
10YR8/1.5 lr
INC
W
2.5Y8/2
RSD+IMP
?
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
473
US 143
PHOTOS BY D. PIASECKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.143.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
474
US 143 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.143.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
treatment
M l(s) f. fs m f.
out.: WS
M l(t) fs? M l(t) fs m f.
out.: WS out.: WS
10YR8/3 / 2.5Y8/2 lr 10YR8/2 lr 10YR8/3
M l(s) fs
out.: WS
7.5YR8/4
M l(t) fs fc
WS
2.5Y8/1.5
V (s.m)
WS
5Y8/2
M l(s) s
0?
1.4
buff d. buff brown buff brown p. yellow buff l. grey l. green overfired stone l. brown
not relevant V (s.m.l) M fs V (s.m.l) a. M cs m
P
0.9
XIII
23
3.5
0.7
11/1
XI XIII
22 16
3.6 2.4
0.6 0.4-0.6
A9
13/8
XIII
20
3.5
0.6
A10
11/10
XI
?
4.7
0.8
XI
12
3.8
0.6
[8/1]
IX?
10
2.8
0.4
15
c5.3
12/5
XII
25
2.6
B12
14
4.6
1.0
B15
23
3.2
0.7
B3 B7
B18
[11/8]
t. reddish brown grey l. grey l. brown l. grey p. yellow l. chocolate brown
28
4.1
1.2
B19
19
2.9
0.9
buff
B22
35
4.1
0.7
l. brown
B26
34
2.6
1.0
27
3.7
0.7
B29
XIII
B31 B32 B33
XIII XIII
C5
colour
buff
13/3
A4 A5
B1
forming
th
A2
A11
decoration
temper
buff l. yellowish brown t. reddish brown l. yellowish brown t. reddish brown
17
1.8
0.7
p. yellowish grey
? 16
1.6 1.4
0.3 0.5
25
2.0
0.7
buff d. grey p. yellow l. reddish brown p. yellow
technique
colour
W W W W RSD
W W
5Y7.5/2
PNT
5Y6/2
W
n.d.
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
7.5YR7.5/4
W
2.5Y8/2
W
WS
5Y8/2
W
WS
2.5Y8/2
WS
cream
M l(s) s a. m f.
WS
5YR7.5/4
W
V (s.m.l) M fs m f.
WS
5YR7/6 lr
W
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
WS (tt.) WS
10YR8/2 5YR4/1
W W
5Y8/2
W
out.: WS in.: er.
V (s.m.l) M s f. m
? + er.
V (s.m.l) M l(s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) f. M l(t) fs a. V (s.m.l) M m f.
M l(t) fs a. fc M fs 0 M l(s) s
WS
W RSD+IMP
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
surface
temper
ø
h
th
B16
7
1.2
0.7
p. brown
V (s) f. M fs a.
B11
27
3.3
0.8
l. greenish grey
M l(t) fs
B30 A13
28 21
2.1 1.7
0.6 0.7
buff l. chocolate brown
B14
17
3.2
0.7
l. beige
V (s.m) M q(s.m.l) a. V (s.m.l) M l(s.m) fs m f.
treatment
WS in.: tt. out.: 0 in.: WS (tt.) WS in.: WS (tt.) er.
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
2.5Y8/2
W
2.5Y8/3
W
=B7
10YR8/2 7.5YR8/3
W W
=B7 =B19
2.5Y8/2
W
=B19
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
=B3
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
475
US 143 PL.PP.143.1 B22
B31
A4
A9
B29
A2
B33
C5
A5
B26
B32
B3
B15
B1
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY B. OPOKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B19
A11
A10
B12
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B7
B18
The Greater Zab Valley
476
US 143 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.143.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A1
surface break
ø
h
th
11
2.0
0.6
decoration
temper
forming treatment
colour
technique
colour
GLZ
out.: blue in.: d. green
l. greyish green
M l(s) a. fs
deco
n.d.
V (s.m.l) M l(s) fs
W
WS
5YR7/6 lr
W
10YR8/3
W
5Y7/1
W
A7
4
4.0
0.5-0.7
reddish brown grey t. reddish brown
A8
18
2.7
0.5
l. greyish brown
M s a.
A14
16
2.3
0.6-0.8
l. grey
M cs
beige
V (s.m.l) M l(s) l(m.l) f. s
out.: WS in.: er. out.: WS in.: 0 out.: WS in.: er.
10YR8/3 lr
W
M l(t) s
WS
cream
W
V (s.m.l) M fs
WS
5Y8/1
W
M fs m
out.: WS in.: t. WS b. 0
V (s.m) a. (l) f. M s f.
out.: WS in.: 0 or er.
M l(t.s.m) a. fs a. m
WS
cream
W
M l(t.s.m) s
WS
5Y8/2 pr
W
M l(t.s) fs a.
WS
10YR8/2
W
M l(t) fs m f. M l(s.m) cs a.
WS er.
5YR7/6 7.5YR8/3
W W
A15 B8
14/15
XIV
B9
32
7.0
1.1-1.3
21
3.3
0.8
8
B10
20
B13
9
2.5 5.4 3.3
1.0 0.7-1.4 1.3-1.7
B17
13/13
XIII
19
5.1
1.5
B21
13/2
XIII
19
4.2
0.7
B23 B24 B25
XIII
B27 B28
13/5
C1 C2
13/13
XIII
10
3.4
0.8
12 15
4.0 2.3
0.8 0.6-1.1
16
3.7
0.9
15
3.9
0.8
XIII
11
5.2
0.8
XIII
12
5.9
0.8
34
9.7
1.7
C7
buff l. brown l. grey grey l. grey l. reddish brown l. greyish brown l. reddish brown l. brown buff pinkish brown buff p. greenish grey greyish brown reddish brown greyish brown reddish brown l. brown t. reddish brown l. yellowish brown reddish brown t. reddish brown l. brown t. reddish brown p. brown buff l. grey buff
10YR8/2 10YR8/2 lr
W
M cs a.
WS
5YR7/6
W
M l(t.s) a. s a.
out.: WS in.: er.
5YR8/3
W
M l(s.m.l) s m
WS
10YR8/3
W
M l(s.m) fs m f.
WS
10YR8/2 pr
W
M l(s.m) cs pebbles f.
out.: 0 in.: er.
7.5YR8/4
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
B20
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
XIV
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
18
4.0
1.0
surface
temper
treatment
t. reddish buff
V (s.m.l) f. M l(t.s) s
0
decoration
colour
technique
2.5YR6/6
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
W
=B8
Right bank. Between Banênān and Hancĩrūk Nūê
477
US 143 PL.PP.143.2 B17
B21
A15
C2
B10
B8
B23
A8
B24
C7
C1
DRAWN BY L. WALIKA/DIGITIZED BY B. OPOKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A14
B27
A7
B13
B9
B28 B25
A1
GLAZED
GLAZED
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
THE GREATER ZAB VALLEY SOUTHERN PART OF THE LEFT BANK
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
RK
-Ê
R CĨ
ZN
�� � �ﻰ
KO
�ﻬﻧ
ﺟلﺎﻳر
�� �
ﺧﺎﺗ�ﻬﻧﺎ�ه
ﺑ�اك
43°51'
MĀM XLĨFA
�ﻠﻪ ﺳﭘﻰ ﻛ
Us ۰١۷
MALKÊ ḤASSAN ĀḠĀ
ك
ﻣﺎم ﺧﻠلﺎﻳرﻔﻪ
KÊLE SPĨ
�ﻛ ��
0 ﺧﻠلﺎﻳرن Us ١۰۲ 50 The Greater Zab Valley CMA SMĀQ
KŪRKĀN BST
KŪRKĀN KÊRĨ
36°38'
� ﺣﺎﺟﻲ ﻣﻠﻛ
ÇM KŞTĀŪ
�ﻤﭼم ﻛﺷﺗﺎ
ﺳﻪ ���لﺎﻳرﺎن
QŪPK
36°37'
ﻗ�ﭘك
36°37'
36°37'
GŪMKÊ
�ﺧﺎﻬﻧ�ك ﺷ
ﺳ �� ﻪ
700
0
ﺷ ﺧﻰ90ﺎ0
36°35'
TŪBZĀŪE MAZN 0
40
ﺗ�ﺑ�ا�ه ﻣﻪ �ن
0
Us ۰٦٤
550
500
0
BĀRAŪĀN BÇĨK
ﺑﺎ�ه �ان ﺑﻤﭼلﺎﻳرك
Us ١١۳
Us ۰٦٥
���ا�ه ﺗ
36°29'
36°29'
ŪSŪ MALĨĀN
ﺌ �ﺳ��ﻣﻪ�ﻟلﺎﻳرﺎن
36°30'
Us ١٥٤
36°29'
36°31'
ﮔﻪ ��� �ه ﻻﻻن
�ﮔ�ﺑﺎ
36°30'
36°30'
36°29'
36°29'
Us ١٥٤
��
ﺑﺧ�ا�ه
DĀRATÛ
0
Us ١٥٥
GOBĀḺ
US ۰٦١
40
GARÛ DALĀLĀN
US ۰٥٤
US ۰٦۰
ﺟ�ه
Us ١٥٦
ﻤﭼﻪ ﻣﻪ
Us ۰٥٦ Us ۰٥۸ Us ۰٦۹ Us۰٥٥ Us ۰٥۹ Us ۰٦٦ Us ۰ ٦ ۸ Us ۰٥٤ Us ۰۷۰ Us ۰٥۷ Us۰٦١ Us ۰۷١ Us ۰٥۳ KĀRBK Us ۰٦۰ Us ۰٦۷ RÛ ﻛﺎ�ﺑك BĀR-Ĩ KĀRB K �ﺑﺎ���ﻛﺎ�ﺑك BXRĀŪA US ۰٥۹
ﻗﻠﻪ ﺗﻪ
Us ١١٤
US ۰٥۲
US ۰٥۳
QALATA
�ﻠﻪ ﺷلﺎﻳر� ﺦ ﺑ�ن ﻛ
ÇEME
-Ê
�� � �ﻰ
SAN
ﭘ��ﻻ
Us ٠٤۷ Us ۰٥۲
ALA -Ê P
Us ٠٤٦
ﻬﻧ��ه
CṞA
36°32'
�ﻠﻪ ﺑﺳﻣلﺎﻳر�ان ﻛ
KÊLE ŞÊX BZN
��ﺑﻪ���ه�ﺳ
350
36°34'
NÛA
KÊLE BSMĨRĀN
36°32'
BARDA SŪR
DOḺ
ﺳﺎﻬﻧ �ﻰ
Us ٠٥١
36°32'
Us ٠٦٣
���ﻤﭼﻪ ﻣﻪ ﻛﻪ � ﺧ�ا
36°33'
�ﺦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷ Us ١١۲
43°50'
�
DOḺ-Ê DARBÊS
TĀN-Ê
� �ﻰ �ه��ﺑلﺎﻳر� ﺳﺗﺎ ﻬﻧﻰ � ��
�ﺑﻪ ��ه �لﺎﻳر
��� � ﺳﻪ
ÇAMAKAĨ XŪĀRÛ
ﺳ��ﻛﺎن
ŞÊX ̒ALĨ
36°33'
450
BARDAZĨŪ
ﺑﺎﻬﻧلﺎﻳرﺎ�ﺷكÇAMAKA SARÛ
SŪRKĀN
35
43°55'
Us ۰٦۲
ﺗ�ﺑ�ا�ه ﺑﻤﭼلﺎﻳرك
BĀNĨĀ HŞK
ﺳ�ﻛﭭ��ك
Us ٠٤٥ TŪBZĀŪE BÇĨK
ﮔﺎ�ه
SRKVRŪK
�� � ﻗﻠﻌﻪ
36°33'
Us ١٥۷
GĀŪA
Us ۰۹۸
36°34'
�ه ﺑﻬﻧﻪ
ﭘﻪ ﻻ ﺳﺎن
�ه �ﺑلﺎﻳر� ﺳﺗﺎن ﺑﻤﭼلﺎﻳرك
� ��ﻛ
36°34'
RABNA
� �ﮔﺑلﺎﻳر
Us ١١۰
Us ١١١
QAL‘AA DÊR
60
PALĀSĀN DARBÊSTĀN BÇĨK
KRÊ
Us ۰۹۷
36°34'
ﺟ�ﻟلﺎﻳر� �ه
ﺳﭘلﺎﻳرﻣﺎل
400
36°34'
CŪLÊRA
SPĨMĀL
36°35'
504 36°34'
GBÊR
��اڤ �
43°57'
Us ۰٤۰
ﮔﻪ �لﺎﻳرﻼن
36°36'
ZÊRĀV 43°55'
X
ŞĀ
36°35'
65
ĀN MAZN
�ه �ﺑلﺎﻳر� ﺳﺗﺎن
RT
A -Ĩ S
�� �
GAŪĨLĀN
36°36'
�ﺑﻪ ��ة ﺳﻣ
43°54'
Us ۰۳۹
ﻛ�ﻟﻛﺎ ��ه ش
Us ۰۹٦
ﻛ�ﻟﻛﺎ ﻣﻪ �ن
BARDAT SMT 43°52'
KŪLKĀ MAZN
� ﺑﺎﺳﻪ ��
KŪLKĀ DRAŞ
MĀND
�ﺟﻼﻬﻧﻪ ﻣﺎم ﺳﻌلﺎﻳر
BĀSAŪÊ
43°53'
ﻛ�ﻟﻛﺎ ﺑﻤﭼلﺎﻳرك
ZÊLKĀ�‘ABDR AL-‘AZĨZ
�����
� ﮔ�ﻣﻛﻰ
XLĀNA MĀM S‘AĨD KŪLKĀ BÇĨK
٠٢۸
MĀNDĀĨ
SARDRĨĀN
ŞÊXĀNOK
��لﺎﻳر� ﻠﻛﻪ ﻋﺑ��اﻟﻌ�لﺎﻳر
ct
��ﺑﺎ�لﺎﻳر�ه ﻣﺣﻣ
ŞĨV-Ĩ LĀLAĨÊ
MALKÊ ḤĀÇĨ
du
BĀŽĨRE MAḤMŪD
�لﺎﻳرﻠﻛﻪﺧ��ﻓﺎ
36°37'
36°29'
36°29'
Us ١ ١ ٥
36°27'
43°59'
43°57'
43°56'
43°55'
43°54'
43°47'
43°44'
43°52'
36°27'
-Ĩ
36°27'
�ﻬﻧ ﺠﻴ
US ١٥۳
N LĀ
US ١٥۲
ﺮ ��
US ١٥۰
XA
Us ١٥١ Us ١٥۳ Us ١٥۰ Us ١٥۲ Us ١٤۹ KVRSOR ��ﻛﭭ�ﺳ 300 GRD MĀMĀK ﮔ�� ﻣﺎﻣﺎك Us ١ ٤ ٤ 36°26' Us ١٤۸ Us ١٤٥ Us ١٤۷ DĀLARÊ Us ١٤٦
ﻣﺎم
Us ١ ۲ ۰
0
36°28'
ĀM
ﻣ��لﺎﻳرﻼن
Us ١١۹
45
�ﺧ
ﺧﺎ��ك
MŪRĨLĀN
36°28'
0
35
M
36°28'
Us ١١۸ Us ١ ١ ۷
Ĩ
36°28'
XĀRŪK
RCĨ
36°28'
ﻻ ﻬﻧﻲ
36°28'
547
LEFT BANK. SOUTHERN PART. BETWEEN US154 AND US156
ZN
Us ١١٦
36°27'
36°27'
450
US ١٤۹
MĀM XALĀN XĀLŪĀN
ﺧﺎﻟ�ان
US ١٤۸
36°26'
US ١٤٥
36°26'
Us ۲۸٥
Us ۲۸٤
US ١٤۷
�� �اﻟﻪ
Map drawn by X. Kolińska
Us ١ ۲ ٤ ﺣﻤﭼﺮ�ﻦUs ١ ۲ ٥ Us ١۲٦ Us ١۲۷ Us ١۲۸ Us ١۲۹ Us ١۳۰ Us ١۳١
��ه�ﺷ�ان��ﺌ�ﺳ
36°25'
Us ۲۸۹
Us ۲۹۲ Us ۲۹١ Us ۲۹۳
SERKAŪR ŽŪRĨ
ﻣﺎﻣ��لﺎﻳرﺎن
36°25'
36°26'
Us ۲۹۰
MĀMŪDĨĀN
Us ١۲۲ Us ١۲۳
Us ۲۹٤
���� �� ﺳﻪ �ﻛﻪ
36°26'
ZARŪĀŪ MĀŪĀN
ﻣﺎ�ان
36°25'
36°24'
36°24'
36°24'
Us ١۳٤
36°24'
36°24'
QAFAR
36°25'
DĀRAŞEKRĀN
ﻛ�ان
Us ۲۹۹ Us
36°23'
43°56'
43°54'
43°53'
43°52'
43°51' 36°23'
36°23'
409
43°57'
36°23'
43°50'
� ﻗﻪ ﻓﻪ
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
BANÊNĀN
ﺑﻪ ﻬﻧلﺎﻳر� ﻬﻧﺎن
36°23'
Us ۲۹٦
Us ۲۹۷ Us ۲۹۸
43°49'
Us ١۳۲ Us ١۳۳
43°48'
36°24'
��ه ��ا
Us ۲۹٥
ḤAMRĨN
43°45'
40 0
ﺑلﺎﻳر�ك
43°44'
LEFT BANK. SOUTHERN PART. BETWEEN US144 AND US153
US ١٤٦
Us ١ ۲ ١
BĨŪK
Us ۲۸٦ Us ۲۸۷ Us ۲۸۸
ﻣﺎم ﺧﻪ ﻻن
RAŞŪĀN ŪSŪ
43°55'
s
��ﺑﻔ
Aq
ue
36°38'
BFZĨ
� �ﺷلﺎﻳرﭭﻰ ﻻ�ﻟﻪ لﺎﻳرﻰ
Us ۰١٦
ﻣلﺎﻳر�ﻛﺎ�ه
36°38'
ZĨLKA FĀXAR
36°39'
ﺟﻣﻪ ﺳﻣﺎق
MĨRKĀŪA
Us ۰١٥
AḺĀHĨ
��ﺳﺗﺎن
XLĨN
The GreaterاﻏﺎZﺣﺳن ab�ﻣﻠﻛValley. Southern part of the left bank �ﻛ��ﻛﺎن�ﺑﺳ �� �ﻛ��ﻛﺎن��ﻛلﺎﻳر Ê
Ḻ-
DO
ŞĨV-Ĩ ZNTĀ
ﺑﻪ��ا�ه�ﻣ�ﺳﺎ
DŪSTĀN
43°58'
0
43°50'
480
50
ﮔ��ه ﺳلﺎﻳرن
BARĀŪA MŪSĀ
�� ��ﻛﺷﻛﺎن
XĀTŪNĀŪA
�ﺷﺎب ﺌ�ﻣ
Us ١۰١
KŞKĀN ŽÊR
BRĀK
ŞĀB ŪMAR
ﺌ��ﻣﻼن
������ﻛﺷﻛﺎن
ﺧ�ﺟﺎ�ه
GRDASĨN
Us ۰١۳
43°47'
Us ۰١٤
ﺳلﺎﻳرﺗﻛﺎن
ŪRMLĀN
ﺷلﺎﻳرﭭﻰ �ﻬﻧﺗﺎ
� �ﺷلﺎﻳر ��ﺧﺎﻬﻧ�ك��ﻬﻧ
KŞKĀN ŽÛRĨ
XRCĀŪA
36°40'
36°40'
ŞÊXĀNOK NŪÊ
SĨTKĀN
500
ﻬﻧلﺎﻳر� �ﮔ�لﺎﻳرن
��لﺎﻳرن�ﺷلﺎﻳر� ﺦ
�ﺷلﺎﻳر
Numerous aqueducts
NÊRGZĨN
DRĨN ŞÊX
ŞÊXĀNOK MLĀ HĀÇĨ
ﺌﻪ ﻟﻼ�ﻰ
Us ۰۹۹
43°59'
��لﺎﻳرن�ﺧ�ﺟﻪ
36°41'
36°41'
43°59'
����� ﺧ�اﺑﻪ
36°23'
DĀRBAND-Ĩ SAĨD-Ĩ 36°23'
�� � �ا�لﺎﻳرن
36°38'
36°38'
QASROK
���ﺑﻪ ��لﺎﻳر� ن ﺧ�ا
KĀNĨ ÇRKN
ﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ ﻤﭼ�ﻛن
BARBĨĀNĨ NŪÊ
36°38'
ĀSTRĨĀN SARKAŪR
KĨLÊ SĨNĀN
ﻛﻬﻧ� ه ﮔ�ل
44°07'
ﺣ�ﺟ�ان
44°13'
5 km ﺌاﻟﻣﺎ�اﻬﻧﻰ ���ﺧ�ا
KOṞÊ
ĀLMĀŪĀNĨ SĀRÛ
���ﺌاﻟﻣﺎ�اﻬﻧﻰ ﺳﺎ
Us ۲٦۲
� ��ﻛ ��
10
0
UsGmbH ۲۷۸ & Co. KG, 36°23' © 2022, Otto Harrassowitz WiesbadenGALĨĀŪA 0 ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4 Us ۲۷۹ ﮔﻪ ﻟلﺎﻳرﺎ�ه
Ş ﻤﭼ RA OA ﻪ�ﻣ � ﻰ�ﺟ � ه �هŞAQLĀŪA SP ĨC
M-
ÇE
Us ۲٦۳ ش
ﻗﻼ�ه ﺳﭘﻲ
ﺳﻪ ﻻﺣﻪ �لﺎﻳرن
Us ۲٦٤
�
�
‘AZĨZĀŪA
SALĀḤADĨN
��
KĀNĨ�ṞOLKĀN
44°13'
44°10'
44°06'
ḤŪCRĀN
� ﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ ﻬﻧ لﺎﻳرﺳﺎﻬﻧ�ك
44°09'
ﺎنÇEM �لﺎﻳرﺧ-Ê Ş ﺷÊX � ﻣĀN �ﻤﭼﻪ
Ç
44°09'
44°08'
44°04'
�ا�هE�M-Ê DĀRA ���ﻣ ﻤﭼﻪ
00
44°04'
10
ﺳ�لÇEM-Ê SA � ﺳﻪRSŪL ��ﻣ ﻤﭼﻪ
36°26'
ﺷﺎ
44°03'
ĨN
�
��
44°02'
44°12'
44°03'
44°02'
44°01' 44°01'
1000
ﺧﻰ Ê
44°01'
ﻨا
44°00'
�ﭬﻰ
44°00'
0
��ا
50
ĀŞ HR -Ĩ ĀV
�� Us ۲۳۷
R
KĀNĨ NĨSĀNOK
36°23'
BARBĨĀNĨ
SĀ
Us ۲٦١ ĀLMĀŪĀNĨ XŪĀRÛ
36°25'
SĨGRDKĀN
ﺳلﺎﻳرﮕ��ﻛﺎن
�ﺑﺎ
OṞ ĨK
ﺷلﺎﻳر� ﺧﺎن �ﻪ �ﻛﻰ
���ﻬﻧﺎ�ﻛﻪ ﻬﻧ�اﻬﻧﻰ ﺧ�ا
ĨT
ﺟلﺎﻳر R-
ŞÊXĀN HARKĨ
C
ﺗ �ﺳﺎ
ﭘﻪ �ﭘلﺎﻳرﺗﺎن
0
DṞAŞ
BĀ
Us ۲۷٦
��ه ش
لﺎﻳرن
�ﻪ��ﺷﻪ�م
0 �ﺷلﺎﻳر ﺧﺎن
Ĩ
� �� �ﻛ �� �
HARŞAM
ŞÊXĀN
Us
����ﻬﻧﺎ�ﻛﻪ ﻬﻧ�اﻬﻧﻰ ﺳﻪ
NĀŪKANDĀNĨ XŪĀRÛ
X-
�ﭘﻴ
ﻤﭼ
�ﺎ
PARPĨTĀN
50
ZRGOZ
� ����ﮔ
ÇEM-Ê DÊRÊ
� ����لﺎﻳر �� ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣ
M MĀ ĨR ﺷ Ĩ P ﺎﺧﻰ
36°23'
ĀŽGA
ﺌا��ﮔﻪ
X-
� ��لﺎﻳر ��
Us ۲٥۹
Us ۲٦۰
�لﺎﻳرﻬﻧﮕﻪ ﭘ
36°28'
36°27'
ŞĀ
ZĨĀRAT KOṞÊ
Us ۲۷٤
55
0
36°27'
1255
� ��لﺎﻳرﺎ�ه � �ﻛ ��
ﺳﻪ ��ﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ
Us ۲۷۷
E
36°27'
� ��لﺎﻳر ﺑﺎ��ك
NĀŪKANDĀNĨ SARÛ
ﺷلﺎﻳر� ﺦ ﻣﻪ ﻣ��لﺎﻳرﺎن
36°26'
PḺĨNGA
ZÊBĀROK
Us ۲۳٥
36°28'
SARŪKĀNĨ
DÊRÊ
KAPRĀN
ﻛﻪ ﭘ�ان
ŞĨŪAMĀSĨ
���ا�ه ﺑ�ﻣﺎ
�����ا�ﺑﻪ�ﻬﻧ��ﺳﻪ�لﺎﻳر���ﺳﻪ
Us ۳۰١
36°29'
ﺷلﺎﻳر�ه ﻣﺎﺳﻰ
ﺻ�ﻓ�ﺳﺎم
DĀRA BZMĀRD
DĀRBAND-Ĩ SAĨD-Ĩ SARÛ
�ه �ﮔﻪ
Us ۲۳٤
ﺮ ﻣﺎم
�ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣ
ṞAZGA
RÛ
36°26'
Us ۲۷٥
ŪB
Us ۲۷۲
ﺳ�ﻛﻬﻧ� ﺧﻪ�لﺎﻳرﻼﻬﻧﻰ
36°29'
ŞĀ
-Ê
ÇEM
ﺷ �لﺎﻳرﺧﺎن
Us ۲ ۳ ۲
�لﺎﻳر�لﺎﻳرن
SRKND XAĨLĀNĨ
Us ۲۳۳
ŞÊX MAMŪDĨĀN
DAŞT-Ĩ DÊRÊ
N
800
ṞAZGA DĨŪĨN
36°28'
� ﺳ�ﻟﻰ
SARSŪL
Us ۲۸۳ Ā ŞÊX
� ﻛﻪ�ﻟﻪ�ﻛلﺎﻳرن�ﺧﻪ�لﺎﻳرﻼﻬﻧﻰ
700
550
�ا�ه ﺷﻪ ﻛ�ان
ﺧﺗﻰ��اع
KAḺAKĨN XAĨLĀNĨ
ṢŪFĨSĀM
SŪLÊ
� ��ه ﺷﺗﻰ �لﺎﻳر ��
DĀRAŞEKRĀN
Q R-Ĩ
ḤĀCĨ ÇŪMĀR
�ﺣﺎﺟﻰ ﻤﭼ�ﻣﺎ
ﺳﻪ �ﺳ�ل
��ﻣلﺎﻳر�اﺧ
GRD-Ĩ BŪTĀN
ﮔ��� ﺑ�ﺗﺎن
ﺌا�ه �ان
XAT-Ĩ DĀ‘A
36°29'
36°28'
MĨRĀXŪR
ĀZARĀN
GRD-Ĩ ṞAŞ
ﺌ ��ﺟﺎﻏﻰ ﻗ�ﺳﺎم
DĨŪĨN
36°29'
Us ۲۷۳
GRD-Ĩ KŪNA SĨXŪR
��ﮔ��� ﻛ�ﻬﻧﻪ ﺳلﺎﻳرﺧ
ﻤﭼﻪ
600
ZŪRG-Ĩ BĀŪAXALĀN
ﻗﻪ ﭘﻪ ﮔلﺎﻳرﺎن
Us ۲۳۰
ﮔ��� �ه ش
ﺌ ��ﺟﺎﻏﻰ �ﮔ� �ﻟك
OCĀḠ-Ĩ QRSĀM
�ه �ﮔﻪ �لﺎﻳر�لﺎﻳرن
Us ۲۷١
QAPAGĨĀN
BĀ
ﭘﺎﻬﻧﻛﺎن
36°29'
36°27'
��ﮔ��� ﺑﻪ ��ه ﺳ
Us ۲۳١
Us ۲٥۸
PĀNKĀN
��ﻛﺎ�اﻬﻧﺎن ��ا
36°27'
�ه�ﺷﺎن
�ﻣ � �ﻰ ��ﻛ
KĀŪĀNĀN ZRĀRĨ
���ﮔﻰ ﺑﺎ�ه ﺧﻪ ﻻن
��ﺑﺎ
ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣﻲ�ﺑﺎ
BĀ
��ﻗ
ÇEM-Ĩ
�ﺟﻪ�ﻻﻬﻧﻲ
RÛ
���ﺌ ��ﺟﺎﻏﻰ�ﮔﺎﺟ
KA
OR
-Ĩ Z
�� �ﺗﻠﭘﻪ �ه
Us ٦۷۰
�ﺑﻪ
�لﺎﻳر� �ه ﺑلﺎﻳر��ش
TḺPA ZARD
N-Ĩ ŪAXALĀ
ﺷ ﺎﺧ
OCĀḠ-Ĩ GĀCOT
ŞĨŪ-Ĩ PALK
ﺑﺎ�ه ﺧﻪ ﻻن
36°32'
ṞAŞĀN
Us ۲۲۹
GRD-Ĩ BARDASŪR
OCĀḠ-Ĩ GOḺK
DÊRE BĨRŪŞ
ﺷلﺎﻳر�� ﭘﻪ ﻟك
BĀŪAXALĀN
� ﺟﻪ ﻣﻪ ��ﺳ
KAḺAKĨN XAĨLĀNĨ
��ﮔ��� �ﺑ
ÇĨĀ-Ĩ DÊR-Ĩ BĨRŪŞ-Ĩ
M ÇE
36°30'
36°29'
SK
36°30'
Us ١۹۰
CAMASOR
� ﻛﻪ�ﻟﻪ�ﻛلﺎﻳرن�ﺧﻪ�لﺎﻳرﻼﻬﻧﻰ
36°32'
ﻤﭼلﺎﻳرﺎ���لﺎﻳر� ���ﺑلﺎﻳر��ﺷﻰ
�ﮔ��� ﻬﻧﺎ
� ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣﻰ�ﻣ�ﻟﻬﻧﻛﻪ
GRD-Ĩ BOR
ﻪ 36°30'
ﻰﺑ
QAḺĀTACIN BAŞĨR
� �ﻗﻪ�ﻻ ﺗﻪ�ﺟن�ﺑﺷلﺎﻳر
�ﻪ �ﻣﻰ
ﮔ�ا
��
ﺑﺎﺑﻪ
ﻤﭼ
ĨSK
ﮔ��� أ�ﻣلﺎﻳر� ﮔﺎن
CĨ
ĀŪ
Ṟ
ﺟلﺎﻳر
GRD-Ĩ NĀŪ
�� �ه �ﮔﻪ �ه
Ĩ
-Ĩ G
ﺳك
AC
B BĀ
GRD-Ĩ�ĀSK
BA
�ﺎﺑ
ZARGAZAŪĨ
� ���ﻛ لﺎﻳرﺗﻰ
ﺟﻴ
36°31'
�ا
M ÇE
KORĨTÊ
36°31'
ﮔﺎ
ﻟﻲ ��ﮔ
��
�ﮔ�ا
ĀŪ
GṞ
GRD-Ĩ�ŪMĨR GĀN
ﮔ��� ﻬﻧاﺳك
36°33'
BĀ
ﺷلﺎﻳر �ﭭﻰ
ĨS
HR
�لﺎﻳر
ﺴﻚ
L-Ĩ
500
36°31'
ﺷ GĀ
-Ĩ ŞĨV
GṞĀŪ
ﭘلﺎﻳر��ه �ﻣﺎن
��لﺎﻳرﭭﻰ
���ا
� ��ﻗﻪ�ﻻ ﺗﻪ�ﺟن ��ا Us ۲٥۷
ﺷ
ﻛ��ه �ﺑﺎن
PĨRŪE RAMĀN Ĩ
ĀR
-Ĩ D ŞĨV
QAḺĀTACIN ZRĀRĨ
ĨK
KŪDARBĀN
ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣ �ﻰ
�ﺗﺎﻟﻪ ﺟﺎ
Ĩ X-
�لﺎﻳر� �لﺎﻳرك
BR
36°32'
ÊZĨK
-Ê H
ÇEM
ﺎ Ĩ X- ﺧﻰ ��ﺑ
�ﻪ ﺑﺎﺑﺎن
ﺑﺎﺑﻪ ﺟلﺎﻳرﺳك
36°33'
TĀLACĀR
ÇEM-Ĩ MOLNKA
� ��ﻛﺑ
ŞĀ
ŞĀ
���ه ﻣلﺎﻳر
لﺎﻳرك
HABĀBĀN 500
36°33'
DṞA MĨR
�ﮔ
Us ۲۲۸ KBOR
BĀBACĨSK 36°33'
36°33'
ش
ﻤﭼلﺎﻳر
ﮔ��� أ�ﻣ�أﻏﺎ
��
0
55
�ﺎ
864
ÊŞ
RĨ
AM
TÊ
G
ﮔ ��
��� ﺷلﺎﻳر�ه
GRD-Ĩ�ŪMĀR ĀḠĀ
ŪBA � ﮔ��� �ه �� ﮔﻪQﻗ�ﺑﻪ ��ﻛﺎن
ﺌ ��ﺟﺎﻏﻰ ﺌا�ﻣﻪ�ﻬﻧ�ان
Us ١۸۹
Ū
�ﺟ
ﮔﻪ
ŞĨŪA DṞĨ
R
�ﮔ
GRD-Ĩ�ŞÊR
OCĀḠ-Ĩ�ĀRMANDĀN
ﺌا�ﻣﻪ ﻬﻧ�ان
ZĀ
�ﺗﻪ
Ū
��
� �ﮔ��� ﺷلﺎﻳر
GRD-Ĩ DAR-Ĩ GAZOKĀN
G
BĨ
AS ÛT
-Ĩ
KĨ
ĨC
ĨĀ
ﻣ �لﺎﻳر
� �ﻛﻪ�ﻟﻪ�ﻛلﺎﻳرن��ﻛﻠ
�ﺳﻪ �ﻛﻪ ﻬﻧ�ﻛﻠ
KANĨ�ḠAZĀL
ĀRMANDĀN
KĨ
D-
Ç
ش
-Ĩ
ﻛلﺎﻳرﻛ
GR
ﻓﻪ ﻗلﺎﻳرﺎﻬﻧﻪ
RD
لﺎﻳرﺑلﺎﻳر
ﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ ﻏﻪ �ال
KAḺAKĨN KLŪ
ﺳﻪ ��ﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ
SARKANDKLŪ
Us ۲۲۷
36°35'
ﻛﺎﻬﻧﻰ ﺗﺎ�ك
G
��ا
�ﻪ �ش
�لﺎﻳر��ﻬﻧﻪ FAQĨĀNA
ﺑﺎﺳﻛﻪ ﻛﺎ�لﺎﻳرﺗﻪ
Us ۲٦۹
SARŪKĀNĨ
KĀNĨ TĀŪK
HAṞAŞ
DĨRŪNA
BĀSKA KĀRĨTA
� ﺳ�ﻛﻪ
36°36'
ﺳﺗ �لﺎﻳر
SOKA
RÛ
44°06'
44°05'
44°04'
44°03'
44°02'
44°01'
���ﮔ�لﺎﻳر
36°35'
ﺑ�ك
Us ۲۲٦
-Ĩ
�ن ��كÇEM-Ĩ DR � �ﺑﻬﻧBND �GRD-Ĩ�ŞÊR �� ﻰOK �ﮔ��� ﺷلﺎﻳر ﻪ�ﻣ M-Ĩ ÇE ﻤﭼ ﺌاﻓ �لﺎﻳرﺎن
Us ١۸۸
��
� ﻤﭼﻪ ﻣﻪ ﻛﻪ
36°35'
ﻗ��ه ﺑﻪ ك
RÛBĀR-Ĩ KOṞÊ
ÇAMAKAĨ SARÛ
ZRGŪĨZ
36°36'
ﻣﻪ ﻛ��ان
ﺑﻪ �ﺑلﺎﻳرﺎﻬﻧﻰ �ﻛ�ن
���ﮔﻲ ﺧ�ه BṞK
0
MAKRDĀN
NĀŪŞĨŪĀNĨ SARÛ
����ﻬﻧﺎ�ﺷلﺎﻳر�اﻬﻧﻰ��ﺳﻪ
BARBĨĀNĨ KON
ZŪRG-Ĩ XṞA
Us ۲ ۲ ٥
� ����ﺑﺎ � ���ﻛ ��
36°35'
ﺧ�ه
QŪṞABAK
���ﻬﻧﺎ�ﺷلﺎﻳر�اﻬﻧﻰ ﺧ�ا
ﭘلﺎﻳر�ﺣ�ان
XṞA
Us ١٦۳ Us ١ ٦ ۲
� ��ﺑ
١٥۷
Us ١٦٤
� ﻛﺎن
ﻣﺎم ﭘلﺎﻳرﺳﺎ�ك
PĨR ḤAZĀN
Us ١٦٥
KNDAGŪL
ZŪRG-Ĩ�Ā
Us ١٦۷ MĀM PĨSĀRK NĀŪŞĨŪĀNĨ XŪĀRÛ
ﻗﻪ ﻬﻧ�لﺎﻳرل
40
� ﺑﻪ ﻛ�ه
�ﮔ�ﺳﻛﻪ
Us ١۰۷
36°37'
� ﺧ�ﻟ
NÊKDĀR Us ١ ٥ ۹ �ﻬﻧلﺎﻳر� ﻛ�ا Us ١ ٦ ۰ BAKDAR Us ١ ٦ ١
GOSKA DŪBÊ
XŪLÊ
44°11'
Us ١ ۰ ۸ Us ١ ۰ ۹
44°11'
�لﺎﻳر�ان
Us ١ ٥ ۸
QANDĨL
ﺳﻪ �ﻛﻪ �� اﺳﺗ�لﺎﻳرﺎن
� ﻛ لﺎﻳرﻠﻰ ﺳلﺎﻳرﻬﻧﺎن
HĨZĀN
ﻣﺎﻬﻧ�الﺎﻳرن
Us ١٦۸
ﺑﻪ ��لﺎﻳر� ن
� ﺑﻪ �ﺑلﺎﻳرﺎﻬﻧﻰ ��ﻬﻧ
NDĀĨN ŽÊR
36°39'
BARDÊN
Us ١٦٦
ﻗﺳ� �ك
����� ﻣﺎﻬﻧ�الﺎﻳرن
ŪĀRÛ
481 BARDÊN XŪĀRÛ
SARBṞ
�ﺳﻪ �ﺑ
ĀZĨN
36°38'
ĀĨN ŽÛRĨ
44°12'
ﺷلﺎﻳر� ﺦ ﺷ�ﻓ�ﻬﻧﺎ
ÇEM-Ĩ D
ﻣلﺎﻳر�ﺑﺎﻟلﺎﻳرﺎن
400
44°15'
MĨRBĀLĨĀN
ﻣ �ﻰGAL-Ĩ �لﺎﻳرﺧBÊX ﺑMÊ
DOḺ -Ê
Us ١۰٦ DĀZĨN ŽÊR
ﻤﭼﻪ�ﻣﻰ��ا�لﺎﻳرن
�� � ﻛ�ﻣﻛﺎﺳ�ﻓﻰ
ŞÊX ŞARFŪNĀ
44°09'
44°06'
44°05'
44°04'
44°02'
44°01'
Ç
� �ﺑلﺎﻳر ﺧﻣﻰ
�ا�لﺎﻳرن ﺷلﺎﻳرﭭﺎن
TA AF � �� ŞK ﻟ ﻰ Ĩ�Ā اﺷ Ḻ-
KRMKĀ SŪFĨ ŽÊR
ﻣﺎ ﻣﻬﻧ��ك
ﻰ �� �ﺗ ﭘلﺎﻳرﻬﻧﺎ -
EM
36°40'
BÊXMÊ
�ﻛﻪ
ﻤﭼ ﻪ�ﻣMĀMDŪK
Ĩ
OP ĨT
00
(�� �)
(ŽÊR)
ﻓﺗ ﻪ
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor NĀ
36°39'
ﮔﺎ�ك ﻣﺎم ﺳﺎك 5
DĀZĨN ŞĨVĀN
ZRĀVK
��اﭬك
ﻛلﺎﻳر� ﻼﻬﻧﻪ
GĀŪK MĀMSĀK
36°40'
����� ﻛ�ﻣﻛﺎ ﻣﻣلﺎﻳرﺎن
ĀNA
��ه �
�� � �ا��ك
����� �ا�لﺎﻳرن
36°40'
(ŽÛRĨ)
DO
KRMKĀ MMĨĀN ŽÛRĨ
DĀRŪK ŽÊR
DĀZĨN ŽÛRĨ
36°41'
(�����)
ZÊŪE
44°13'
ﻛﺷﺎﻬﻧﻪ
�� �� � ﻬﻧلﺎﻳرNÊRŪ-Ê ��� �ﻰ
500
KŞĀNA
ﻬﻧلﺎﻳر��ه
� ��ﻟ
���ﮔﻰ��ﭘﻴﺮات
لﺎﻳرﻰ � ﻛﻪ�ﻻﺗ
36°41'
�
The Greater Zab Valley
482
The Greater Zab Valley. Southern part of the left bank
Image processed by J. Mardas
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
483
Imagery generated by J. Mardas
© 2020 Microsoft Corporation, © HERE
SATELLITE IMAGERY. BETWEEN US 144 AND US 153
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
THE LEFT BANK BETWEEN BĀSTORA ÇĀĨ AND KVRSOR
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
486
Aerial and satellite imagery AERIAL IMAGERY US 144 – US 145
US 144
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 145
U2/B1554-R4R-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELITE IMAGERY US 144 – US 145
US 144
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 145
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
487
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY : US 144 & US 145 in 2019
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 144
© 2021 Microsoft Corporation © 2021 DigitalGloge © CNES (2021) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4R-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
SATELLITE IMAGERY : US 144 & US 145 in 2021
U2/B1554-R4R-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 145
© 2021 Microsoft Corporation © 2021 DigitalGloge © CNES (2021) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
488
US 144
Contour map: cut 0.5 m, generated by QGIS (from total station cloud of points). Processed by J. Mardas, drawing by X. Kolińska.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
489
US 144 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٤٤
NUMBER ON MAP
US 144 S 007
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
كانتاران
LOCAL NAME
Kāntārān
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE
LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE large river valley SETTING RELATION on the stream, tributary of the Greater Zab TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION good CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°25'57"N 43°49'33"E
DMS
0394752, 4032573
UTM 38S
298
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Xabāt
NĀXĨA
Dāraşekrān
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Grd Māmāk
IDENTIFICATION interview 23 September 2012
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
LOCATION. On the middle Zab terrace, north of a seasonal stream contributing to Bāstora Çāĩ, c. 1.15 km west of the Grd Māmāk village and the river. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A flat site located north of a small seasonal stream. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.494 ha, amounting to 64% of the site area. Area A is located in the central part of the site. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A small settlement from the Late Sasanian and Early Islamic periods, located on a terrace limited by the Bāstora Çāĩ and the Greater Zab. It is partly contemporaneous with US 145, lying on the opposite side of a seasonal stream, which is larger and has a longer history. Three other sites of a similar date were identified in the vicinity: US 146, US 148, and the US 152/US 153 complex, pointing to very intensive settlement during the early medieval period in the area.
Koliński, R., The use of the Satellite Imagery in an Archaeoloical Survey in Iraqi Kurdistan, Contributions in New World Archaeology 9, 2016, p. 120.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 16
17
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
13
3
1
area
0.75
0.75
0.37
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
18
19
20
21
The Greater Zab Valley
490
US 144 PHOTO Location of US 144 and US 145 in relation to the other ancient settlements and the village of Kvrsor.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
491
US 144 PHOTO Bird’s-eye view of US 144 from the south-east.
Photo by J. Mardas
US 120 Mūrĩlān
US 150 KvrSor
Grd MāMāk US 149
US 151 - US 153 US 144
US 145
MISCELLANEOUS FINDS ON PL.MF.144.1 FIELD NUMBER A1s A22
TYPE scraper item
MATERIAL flint terracotta
DIMENSIONS (cm) 2.6 x 1.4 x 1.0 ø3.0-2.5, l. 5.0
PRESERVATION complete complete, painted
PL.MF.144.1
PHOTO BY S. TLILI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
A22
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
492
US 144 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.144.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
decoration
temper
forming treatment
colour
technique
colour
A1
XVI
3.0
0.8
yellowish green green
M b(s) s
0
2.5Y8/2
INC+IMP
A2
XVI
4.0
1.0
p. green
M b(s.m)
0
2.5Y8/2
IMP
W
A3
XVII
4.5
0.7
p. green
M b(s.m)
Ss
2.5Y8/2
IMP+INC
W
A4
XVII
4.5
0.8
p. green
M l(s.m.l)
0
2.5Y8/2
IMP+INC
W
A5
XVI
3.0
0.9
p. green
M g(s.m) s
0
2.5Y8/2
IMP+INC
W
A6
2.5
0.8
green
M g(s.m) f. s
0
2.5Y8/2
IMP+INC
W
A7
6.0
1.0
p. green yellowish brown
M b(s.m)
0
2.5Y8/2
CMB
W
yellowish green
M l(s.m)
WS
5Y8/1
CMB
W
W
A8
XVI
6.0
0.7
A9
XVI
7.0
0.8
green
M g(m)
WS
2.5Y8/2
GRV+CMB
W
4.5
1.0
green
M b(s.m)
0
5Y8/1
INC
W
4.0
1.0
reddish brown
M l(s.m) g(s.m)
Ss
2.5Y8/3
INC
W
M b(s.m)
0
2.5Y8/2
INC+CMB
W
M l(s.m) g(s.m)
0
2.5Y8/2
CMB
W
M l(s.m) b(s.m) s
0
5Y8/1
RSD+INC
W
A10 A11
XVI
7.0
1.1
yellowish green green yellowish green
A13
XVI
4.5
0.8
green
A14
XVI
5.5
1.1
A15
XIX
40
2.5
0.7
A16
XVI
19
3.5
0.7
A12
yellowish green bluish green l. brown red buff
0
deco
?
GLZ
d. green
W
0
deco
?
GLZ
l. bluish green
W
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
493
US 144
PHOTOS BY M. SZABŁOWSKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.144.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
494
US 144 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.144.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
decoration
temper
forming treatment
colour
technique
colour
A15
XIX
40
2.5
0.7
l. brown red
0
deco
?
GLZ
d. green
W
A16
XVI
19
3.5
0.7
buff
0
deco
?
GLZ
l. bluish green
W
15 4 9 6 30 20 22 23 36 18 9
2.0 2.5 3.5 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 5.0 3.5 3.0
0.7 0.4 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.4
green green greyish green orange brown l. green yellow yellowish brown p. green yellowish green greenish brown yellowish green
0 M l(s) Ms M l(s.m) g(s.m.l) s M b(s.m) s 0 Ms M b(s.m) s M b(s.m) s Ms M l(s) s
WS 0 WS WS WS 0 WS WS WS WS WS
2.5Y8/2 2.5Y8/2 2.5Y7/2 7.5YR7/3 2.5Y8/3 5Y8/1 lr 10YR8/2 2.5Y8/3 2.5Y8/2 2.5Y8/3 2.5Y8/3
A18 A19 A20 A21 A23 A24 A25 A26 A27 A28 A29
XVII
[15/1] 16/6 [15/2]
XVI XVI XVI XVI
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
INC INC INC CMB
W W W W W W W W W W W
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
495
US 144 PL.PP.144.1
A27
A16
GLAZED
A23
GLAZED
A15
GLAZED
GLAZED
A24
A25
A26
A28
A29
DRAWN BY R. KOLIŃSKI/DIGITIZED BY B. OPOKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A21
A20
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A19
A18
The Greater Zab Valley
496
US 145
Contour map: cut 0.5 m, generated by QGIS (from total station cloud of points). Processed by J. Mardas, drawing by X. Kolińska.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
497
US 145 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٤٥
NUMBER ON MAP
US 145 S 008
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
كالوان
LOCAL NAME
Kālūān
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE
LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE large river valley SETTING RELATION on the stream, tributary of the Greater Zab TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION good CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°25'51"N 43°49'31"E
DMS
0394718. 4032390
UTM 38S
301
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Xabāt
NĀXĨA
Dāraşekrān
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Grd Māmāk
IDENTIFICATION interview 23 September 2012
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
LOCATION. On the middle Zab terrace, north of a seasonal stream contributing to Bāstora Çāĩ, c. 1.12 km west-south-west of the Grd Māmāk village and the river DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A flat site located on the southern, higher bank of a small seasonal stream, opposite US 144. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.496 ha, B – 0.342 ha, amounting to 33% of the site area. Area A is located in the eastern part of the site, and Area B in the western part. DAMAGES. The site is under cultivation. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A village occupied from Early Islamic through to Ottoman times. A single Period 15 (Sasanian) sherd may suggest that the site was settled in that period, but the absence of Late Sasanian sherds makes this conclusion questionable. A more likely reconstruction of events is that the settlement founded on US 144 was moved to the southern, higher bank of the stream towards the end of the Sasanian period, and continued to be in use until a relatively recent time.
Koliński, R., The use of the Satellite Imagery in an Archaeoloical Survey in Iraqi Kurdistan, Contributions in New World Archaeology 9, 2016, p. 120.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 17
18
19
20
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15 1
25
6
4
1
7
area
1.26
2.55
2.55
2.55
1.27
2.55
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
16
21
The Greater Zab Valley
498
US 145 PHOTO Location of US 144 and US 145 in relation to the other ancient settlements and the village of Kvrsor.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
499
US 145 PHOTOS Bird’s-eye view of US 145 from the south-east.
South-eastern part of US 145.
Photo by J. Mardas
Photo by X. Kolińska
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
500
US 145 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.145.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
decoration
temper
ø
h
th
15
7.5
0.7
buff
V (s) M l(s)
forming treatment
colour
technique
colour
A1
17/2
XVII
WS
2.5Y8/2
MLD
M
A4
18/2
XVIII
4.5
1.1
l. green
V (s)
0
2.5Y8/4
MLD
M
A5
18/2
XVIII
3.5
0.8
l. green
V (s)
0
2.5Y8/2
MLD
M
A6
18/2
XVIII
5.0
0.5
yellow l. brown
0
2.5Y8/2
MLD
M
A7
18/2
XVIII
4.5
0.7
l. green
V (s) M l(s) V (s) M l(s)
0
2.5Y8/2
MLD
W
A8
17/3
XVII
4.5
0.7
p. green
M s f.
0
2.5Y8/2
MLD
M
A9
17/3
XVII
4.0
0.8
yellowish green
M l(s)
0
2.5Y8/2
MLD
M
XVII
4.0
0.5
buff
0
0
2.5Y8/3
MLD
M
B5
XVII
3.0
0.6
yellowish green
0
0 Ss
10Y7/4
MLD
M
B8
B7
XVII
4.5
0.8
greyish green
V (s) f.
0
2.5Y8/2
MLD
M
B9
XVII
5.0
0.7
l. green
V (s) M l(s.m) f.
0
2.5Y8/2
MLD
M
XVIII
4.0
0.7
d. olive
M s f.
0
2.5Y8/2
MLD
M
XVII
6.5
1.0
l. green
V (s.m)
0
2.5Y8/2
RBD+INC
W
B10
17/3
18/2
B13 B14
XVII
4.0
0.8
p. green
M (l(s.m)
0
2.5Y8/3
INC+CMB
W
B15
XVII
4.8
1.3
yellowish green
M l(s.m) f.
0
2.5Y8/2
INC
W
DECORATED FRAGMENTS NOT ILLUSTRATED dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø B6
XVII
surface break
h
th
4.5
1.2
forming treatment
l. green
decoration
temper
V (s) f.
0
colour
technique
2.5Y8/2
MLD
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
colour
M
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
501
US 145
PHOTOS BY M. SZABŁOWSKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.145.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
502
US 145 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.145.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
decoration
temper
forming
th
treatment
colour
technique
colour
A10
XXI
4.0
1.0
buff
0
deco
?
GLZ
green
W
A11
XIX
5.0
0.9
buff
0
deco
?
GLZ
out.: p. blue in.: bluegreen
W
2.5
1.3
red olive d. grey olive red
V (s.m.l) M b(s.m.l)
P
5YR7/5
INC
A27
16
B1
XIX
8
2.5
0.7
yellowish brown
M l(s) f.
deco
?
in.: GLZ
B2
XIX
21
3.5
1.0
l. brown
M l(s) s f.
deco
?
GLZ
XXI?
20
2.0
0.7
l. brownish red
M l(s.m)
deco
?
GLZ
4.0
0.9
V (s) f.
0
2.5Y8/2
INC
B3 B16
20/1
B19 B22
XX XXI
21
5
XXI
B30 B31
25
greyish green yellowish green buff reddish
V (s.m) f. M l(s.m) f.
WS
10YR8/3
l. green
V (s) f.
0
2.5Y8/2
in.: GLZ
3.5
0.7
6.5
0.7
6.5
0.8
yellowish green
M l(l.xl) f. s f.
0 Ss
2.5Y8/2
INC+CMB
7.0
1.8
red olive brown
M b(l.xl) g(l.xl) l(l.xl)
WS
7.5Y8/5
PNT
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
W
in.: d. green out.: d. green in.: yellow out.: t. bluegreen in.: bluegreen
W W W W
bluegreen, pearl
W sc H+W W
bitumen
H
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
503
US 145
PHOTOS BY M. SZABŁOWSKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.145.2
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
504
US 145 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.145.1 dimensions
No
A1 A14 A16
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
XVII
15
7.5
0.7
buff
17/4
XVII
12 15
2.5 3.0
0.5 0.7
11
4.0
1.0
17/4 17/2 17/2
XVII XVII XVII XVII
9 12 9 19
4.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7
13
3.5
0.7
17/2
decoration
temper
forming treatment
colour
technique
WS
2.5Y8/2
MLD
WS WS
2.5Y8/2 2.5Y8/4
W W
V (s)
WS
2.5YR7.5/4
W
M l(s) V (s) M l(s) V (s)
WS WS Ss WS Ss WS
2.5Y8/2 2.5Y8/3 2.5Y8/3 2.5Y8/2
RBD
W W W W
M b(s.m.l)
WS
7.5YR7/2
RBD
M l(s) f.
deco
?
in.: GLZ
V (s) M l(s) M l(l) f. M (s) f.
B1
XIX
8
2.5
0.7
green green l. green greyish green l. green green l. yellowish green green brown red yellowish brown yellowish brown
B2
XIX
21
3.5
1.0
l. brown
M l(s) s f.
deco
?
GLZ
B3
XXI?
20
2.0
0.7
l. brownish red
M l(s.m)
deco
?
GLZ
V (s.m)
0
2.5Y8/2
GRV
V (s.m) f. M l(s.m) f.
r. P b. 0
M b(s.m.l) g(s.m.l) V (s)
A18 A20 A25 A26 A28 A31
B20
9
8.0
0.7
B23
XVII
13
6.5
1.2
B24
XVII
16
4.0
0.4
15
4.5
0.7
B29
greyish green olive l. brown d. grey l. brown d. brown black d. brown l. green
colour
M
W in.: d. green out.: d. green in.: yellow out. t.: bluegreen in.: bluegreen
W W W W
7.5YR8/4
W+H (h.)
P Ss?
5YR5/3
H
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
A15
15
2.5
0.6
A19
14
3.0
0.9
treatment
green buff l. brown
A22
17/4
XVII
?
6.5
1.2
l. green
B17 B18
17/4 17/4
XVII XVII
14 13
3.5 2.0
0.6 0.6
l. green buff
4.5
1.0
greyish green
3.0
0.6
black
A29 A2
20 XV
surface
temper
decoration
colour
technique
forming
analogy
colour
M (m) f.
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
=A20
V (s.m)
P+S
2.5Y7.5/4
W
=A20
WS
2.58/2
W
=A20
WS WS
2.5Y8/2 10YR8/3
W W
=A20 =A20
2.5Y8/2
W
=A28
7.5YR7/2
H
=B24
V (s.m) voids V (s) V (s.m) V (s.m) M l(l) f. M g(s.m.l) m(s)
WS Ss
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
505
US 145 PL.PP.145.1
B2
B3
GLAZED GLAZED
GLAZED
GLAZED
A28
A31
B23
A25
B24
A26
B29
A1
B20
DRAWN BY R. KOLIŃSKI/DIGITIZED BY B. OPOKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A14
GLAZED
A16
B1
A18
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
A20
The Greater Zab Valley
506
US 145 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.145.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
12 4
5.0 2.0 2.5
0.7 0.6 0.4
A27
16
2.5
1.3
A30
18
3.5
1.1
A13 A17 A23
21
XXI
B19
XXI
B21
XXI
B25
19/5
XIX
B26
5
21 19
3.5
0.7
4.0
0.6
4.0
1.1
3.5
forming treatment
l. green yellow l. green red olive d. grey olive red brown black brown buff reddish reddish olive grey olive
0.8
red
decoration
temper colour
V (s.m) V (s) 0
0 P WS
2.5Y8/2 10YR7/5 2.5Y8/2
V (s.m.l) M b(s.m.l)
P
5YR7/5
V (s.m.l)
0
7.5YR7/4
V (s.m) f. M l(s.m) f. M l(s)
technique
colour
W+H W W INC
W
H out.: GLZ
bluegreen pearl
WS
10YR8/3
WS Ss
2.5Y8/3
H+W
W sc
V (s.m) M g(s.m) s
out. t. WS b. R
7.5YR8/3
H
V (s) M l(s)
WS
7.5YR8/4
H
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A24
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
6
2.5
0.7
surface
temper
treatment
yellowish brown
V (s.m)
WS Ss
decoration
colour
technique
2.5Y8/3
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
W
=A23
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
507
US 145 PL.PP.145.2
B19
A23
A17
GLAZED
A27
B26
B25
A30
DRAWN BY R. KOLIŃSKI/DIGITIZED BY X. KOLIŃSKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
A13
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B21
The Greater Zab Valley
508
Aerial and satellite imagery AERIAL IMAGERY US 146 – US 148
US 148
US 147
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 146
US 121 U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
509
Aerial and satellite imagery © 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY US 146 – US 148
GRD MĀMĀK
US 148
US 147
US 146
Image processed by J. Mardas
DĀLARÊ
US 121
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
510
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 146
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
SATELLITE IMAGERY: US 147 in 2019
U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 147
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
511
Aerial and satellite imagery SATELLITE IMAGERY
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
US 148
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Airbus DS
AERIAL IMAGERY
U2/B1554-R4L-F0413/29.01.1960 ⓒ UGZAR, Georeference Joanna Mardas
© 2021 Microsoft Corporation © 2021 DigitalGloge © CNES (2021) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY: US 146 in 2021
Image processed by J. Mardas
Image processed by J. Mardas
© 2021 Microsoft Corporation © 2021 DigitalGloge © CNES (2021) Airbus DS
SATELLITE IMAGERY: US 147 in 2021
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
512
US 146
Contour map: cut 0.3 m, generated by QGIS (from total station cloud of points). Processed by J. Mardas, drawing by X. Kolińska.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
513
US 146 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٤٦
NUMBER ON MAP
US 146 S 004
FIELD NUMBER NUMBER IN AASI/ASI NAMES
گردى خه ليل
LOCAL NAME
Grd-ĩ Xalĩl
TRANSLITERATION NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
flat settlement
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION 36°25'31"N 43°48'45"E
DMS
0393554, 4031784
UTM 38S
297
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Xabāt
NĀXĨA
Dāraşekrān
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Grd Māmāk
IDENTIFICATION survey 23 September 2012
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
LOCATION. On the middle Zab terrace, at the confluence of the Greater Zab and Bāstora Çāĩ , c. 1.35 km south of Grd Māmāk. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. A flat site located at the confluence of the Bāstora Çāĩ and the Greater Zab. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.316 ha, B – 0.072 ha, C – 0.224 ha, D – 0.032 ha, amounting to 34% of the site area. Area A is located in the northern part of the site, around an irrigation basin. Areas B and C lie, respectively, on the eastern and the western bank of an irrigation channel running south to north, while Area D is located in the western part of the site, close to the Greater Zab. DAMAGES. In 2012, most of the site was under cultivation; some irrigation installations were present (a concrete pool and a channel running on an earthen rampart) in the southernmost part. In 2017, the eastern part of the site was destroyed by gravel digging, also carried out immediately to the north and west of the site. It is very likely that these activities have entirely destroyed the site since our last visit to the site. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A small site founded in the Sasanian period, and occupied until the Middle Islamic era. Several concentrations of pottery sherds visible on the surface (some of which were included in the collection areas) may either reflect the structure of the village (i.e. a dispersed settlement), or indicate the relocation of houses in the area over time.
PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 15
16
17
18
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
26
23
2
1
area
1.87
1.87
0.93
0.93
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
19
20
21
The Greater Zab Valley
514
US 146 PHOTOS Bird’s-eye view from the north-west of US 147 and US 146 in 2017.
US 146 (Grd-ĩ Xalĩl) seen from the north, from the top of US 147 (Grd-ĩ Māmāk) in 2013.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
Photo by X Kolńska
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
515
US 146 PHOTOS South-eastern part of the site. In the background, US 147, the village of Grd Māmāk, and the marked location of US 120 are visible.
Photo by X. Kolińska
An irrigation channel that runs through the field where the site is located.
Photo by X. Kolińska
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
516
US 146 PHOTO The photo taken from a drone in 2017 shows the scale of the damage done by the gravel extraction companies. The central part of the site that survived most likely does not exist anymore.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
517
US 146 Photo by J. Mardas
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
518
US 146 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.146.1 dimensions
No
A1
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
15/3
A2
surface break
ø
h
th
?
3.5
0.6
XV-XVI
4.5
1.2
XV
forming treatment
yellow greyish green green buff l. brown greyish brown
decoration
temper
M b(s) s
0
V (s) f. M b(s.m) f. s
WS
colour
technique
colour
2.5Y8/2
IMP
W
5Y8/1
CMB+IMP
W
B2
15/3
XV
5.0
1.0
M b(s.m) g(s.m) s
0
10YR8/3
IMP
W
B4
15/3
XV
2.5
0.6
brown
Ms
Ss
10YR8/1.5
IMP
W
brown pinkish brown brown
V (s) M l(s) b(s) s
Ss
10YR8/2
IMP
W
B5
15/3
XV
7.0
1.2
B28
15/3
XV
4.0
0.9
yellowish green
M l(s) b(s.m)
0
2.5Y8/2
IMP
W
C1
15/3
XV
5.5
0.7
brown
M l(s.m)
0
10YR7/4
IMP
W
C2
15/3
XV
5.0
0.8
buff
M l(s.m) f. s
0
2.5YR8/2
IMP
W
C3
15/3
XV
4.5
0.8
d. brown
M g(s) s
0
10YR7.5/2
IMP
W
C5
15/3
XV
5.5
1.0
M l(s) s
0
10YR7/1
IMP
W
C6
15/3
XV
4.5
0.9
M b(s.m) u(s.m) s
0
2.5YR8/2
IMP
W
pinkish brown greyish brown yellow orange
DECORATED FRAGMENTS NOT ILLUSTRATED dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø B10
16/10
XVI
surface break
h
th
6.0
1.4
forming treatment
green p. green
decoration
temper
M l(s.m) f. s
er.
colour
technique
?
IMP
colour
MISCELLANEOUS FIND ON PL.MF.146.1 FIELD NUMBER A20
TYPE vessel
MATERIAL glass
DIMENSIONS (cm) 5.2 x 3.0 x 0.3-0.8
PRESERVATION wall fragment
PHOTO BY M. SZABŁOWSKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.MF.146.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
W
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
519
US 146
PHOTOS BY M. SZABŁOWSKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.146.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
520
US 146 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.146.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
ø A3 B6
XVI
B32 C4
XVII
surface break
h
decoration
temper
forming
th
treatment
colour
technique
colour
?
4.0
2.1
red
M l(s.m) u(s.m)
0
5Y8/2
INC+IMP
W
21
6.0
1.6
reddish brown
M l(s) s
WS
10YR8/2.5
INC
W
3.0
0.7
brown
M l(s.m) b(s.m) s
WS
10YR8/2
GRV+INC
W
5.0
0.9
green
M l(s.m) s
0
10YR8/4
INC+IMP
W
C11
XVI
6.5
0.9
green
M l(s) s
WS
2.5YR8/2
CMB
W
C12
XVI
5.0
0.9
green
M l(s.m) s
0
2.5Y8/2
CMB
W
C13
XVI
6.0
1.5
brown red brown
M l(s.m)
0
2.5Y8/2
CMB+INC
W
D9
XVI
7.5
1.0
buff
M l(s.m) g(s.m)
WS
2.5Y8/2
GRV+CMB
W
6.0
1.4
red
M l(s.m) s
0
5YR7/5
INC
W
4.0
0.6
d. green
V (s) M l(s)
WS
10YR8/2
CMB
W
D11 D17
XVI
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
521
US 146
PHOTOS BY M. SZABŁOWSKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.146.2
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
522
US 146 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.146.1 dimensions
No
A7 A11
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
B12 B15 B22 B23 B25 B31 C9 C10 C16 C25 C26 D1 D12 D18
ø
h
th
XVII XVI
38 21
4.0 4.0
1.0 0.6
l. brown brown
?
15.0
3.3
l. brown
[15/1]
XVI
29
4.5
1.1
15/1 15/1
XV? XV
30 19 40 22 23 25 24 24 29 19 11 28 16 21
4.0 3.5 3.5 5.0 3.5 3.0 5.5 6.0 4.0 2.0 3.0 7.5 2.5 3.5
2.0 0.6 1.0 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 1.1 0.6 0.5
15/1 15/1 15/2 15/2 16/1
XVI XV XV XV-XVI XV XVII XV XV XV XVI
buff yellowish brown brown green l. brown brown l. brown l. brown green l. brown green l. green yellowish green l. brown black greyish brown
decoration
temper
forming treatment
16/1
A24 B8
surface break
colour
technique
colour
M l(s.m) g(s.m) M g(s.m) b(s.m) V (l) M l(s.m.l) u(s.m.l)
WS WS
5Y8/3 5Y8/1
W W
0
10YR8/3
IMP
H
M l(s.m) s
WS
10YR8/2
INC
W
M l(s.m) s Ms M l(s.m) b(s.m) M b(s) s M l(s) s M l(s.m) s M l(s.m) b(l) f. M l(s) s M l(s.m) s M b(s.m) s Ms M l(s.m.l) b(s.m.l) M u(s.m.l) M b(s.m) s
WS WS WS WS WS WS WS Ss WS Ss WS WS WS WS WS WS
7.5YR7/3 10YR8/1.5 10YR8/4 7.5YR6.5/4 10YR8/2 7.5YR7/4 2.5Y8/2 10YR8/3 2.5Y8/3 2.5Y8/2 2.5Y8/2 10YR8/3 2.5Y8/4 2.5Y8/3
INC INC
W W W W W W W W W W W W W W
INC INC CMB
INC
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A8 A12
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
16/1 15/2
XVI XV
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
23 21
4.0 3.5
0.6 0.6
surface
temper
treatment
l. green reddish brown
M b(s.m) M l(s.m) b(s.m)
WS WS
decoration
colour
technique
5Y8/2 10Y8/3
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
W W
=A11 =C10
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
523
US 146 PL.PP.146.1 C16
B22
C10
BITUMEN
C9
BITUMEN
B8
D1
B25
A7
A24 B12
B23
C26
DRAWN BY R. KOLIŃSKI/DIGITIZED BY X. KOLIŃSKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B15 D12 BITUMEN
C25
A11
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
B31
D18
The Greater Zab Valley
524
US 146 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.146.2 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
treatment
?
4.0
2.1
A4
23
5.0
0.8
A9 A22 A23 B6
4.0 4.0 4.5 6.0
0.7 0.9 1.2 1.6
red reddish l. brown l. green brown green reddish brown
XVI
19 24 27 21
B7
[15/1]
XVI
23
4.5
0.7
green
B13 B14 B17 B27
16/1
XVI
17 23 13 17
5.5 4.0 2.5 3.5
0.8 0.5 0.5 0.7
yellowish green green l. brown brownish green
XVIII
forming
th
A3
C14
XV
26
3.5
0.6
green
C17 C24 D2 D3
XVI
20 19 27 24
5.0 4.5 6.0 5.5
0.9 0.8 1.0 1.3
brown l. brown reddish brown buff
decoration
temper
M l(s.m) u(s.m)
0
M l(s.m) b(s.m) s
WS
M b(s.m) s M l(s.m) b(s.m) M l(s.m.l) b(s.m.l) M l(s) s V (s) M b(s.m) M l(s) s M l(s) s M l(s.m) M l(s) s V (s.m) M l(s.m) M b(s.m) s Ms M l(s) s M b(s.m) s
WS WS 0 WS
colour
technique
5Y8/2 7.5Y8/4 2.5Y8/4 2.5Y8/3 7.5YR8/4 10YR7.5/3 10YR8/2.5
INC+IMP
colour
W
IMP
W
IMP IMP INC
W W W W
WS Ss
2.5Y8/3
INC
W
WS WS 0 WS
2.5Y8/2 2.5Y8/2 10YR8/2 10YR8/2
CMB
W W W+H (h.) W
WS
2.5Y8/2
INC
WS WS WS, bitumen 0
5YR6/5 10YR8/3 ? 10YR8/3
CMB
W W W W W
INC RSD
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
A6 C27
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
XVI
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
20 18
4.5 3.0
0.7 0.5
surface
temper
treatment
green yellowish olive
M l(s) s Ms
WS WS
decoration
colour
technique
5Y8/1 2.5Y8/2
INC
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
colour
W W
=B7 =C24
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
525
US 146 PL.PP.146.2
C14
B7
B13
C17
B17
C24
B14
B27
A9
B6
DRAWN BY R. KOLIŃSKI/DIGITIZED BY X. KOLIŃSKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
D3
A23
A4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
D2
A22
A3
The Greater Zab Valley
526
US 146 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.146.3 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
12 11 11 8
2.5 3.5 3.0 2.5 3.0
1.1 0.6 1.6 1.1 1.0
A21
23
5.0
1.5
B9
13
4.8
0.3
B16
4
4.0
1.4
B18
18
3.0
0.6
B19
7
2.5
1.4
4.0
1.0
13
3.5
0.7
11
3.0
0.6
1.0 4.0
0.6 0.9
28
8.0
1.6
25 9
n.d. 3.0 3.0
1.8 0.7 0.9
7
4.0
1.0
A14 A15 A16 A18 A19
B20
16/3
16/3
XVI
XVI
B21 B24+26 B29 C7
16/9 15/3
XVI XV
16/3
XVI
C19 C21 C30 D5 D7
forming treatment
green reddish brown l. brown brown l. green brown olive greyish green d. grey l. brown olive olive green red olive red olive green reddish green l. brown reddish brown greyish brown red l. green l. brown d. grey brown yellowish green brown red brown
decoration
temper colour
technique
colour
M l(s.m) b(s.m) M l(s) u(s) M l(s) M b(s.m) V (s.m)
0 0 0 0 0
2.5Y8/2 10YR8/3 10YR8/2 5YR7/6 10YR8/2.5
in.: bitumen
W W H (h.) W W
M l(s.m.l) b(s.m.l) u(s.m.l)
0
7.5YR8/3
M l(s.m) b(s.m)
0
2.5Y8/2
W
M g(s.m)
0
10YR7/2
W
W
M g(s.m)
WS
10YR8/3
W
M b(s.m) s
WS
7.5YR7/5
H (h.)
M l(s.m) s
0
2.5Y8/2
H (h.)
M l(s.m) s
0
2.5Y8/2
W
M l(s.m) s
0
7.5YR7/4
Ms M l(s.m) s
0 0
2.5YR6/6 2.5Y8/2
M l(s.m) s
WS
2.5Y8/2
H (h.)
M b(s) s M u(s.m) s M l(s) s
0 WS WS
7.5YR7.5/4 10YR8/2.5 10YR7/4
H (h.) W W
M l(s.m) s
0
7.5YR7/4
W
W+H (h.) W+H (h.) W
IMP
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
D6+13 D8 C28 D10 C29 C18
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
10
2.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 3.0
0.7 1.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6
XVI 14 10 12 9
surface
temper
treatment
brown red brown yellowish brown greenish grey green
M l(s.m) s M l(s.m.l) g(s.m.l) M l(s.m) b(s.m) M l(s.m) s M u(s.m) s M l(s) s
WS WS Ss? WS WS WS 0
decoration
colour
technique
10YR8/3 5YR6/3 7.5YR7.5/4 10YR8/2 5Y8/1 5Y7/1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
forming
analogy
W W+H W W W W
=A15 =B20 =B21 =B21 =B24+26 =D7
colour
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
527
US 146 PL.PP.146.3
C19
A21
C30
B18
D5
B19
A19
B9
D7
A14
B21
B24+26
DRAWN BY R. KOLIŃSKI/DIGITIZED BY X. KOLIŃSKA/PLATE BY R. KOLIŃSKI
B16
A18
C7
A15
C21 B20
A16
B29
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
528
US 147
Contour map: cut 1 m, generated by QGIS (from total station cloud of points). Processed by J. Mardas, drawing by X. Kolińska.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
529
US 147 SATELLITE IMAGERY
REFERENCE NUMBERS US ١٤٧
NUMBER ON MAP
US 147 S 003
FIELD NUMBER
Map 7, no. 33 / p. 23, no. 504
NUMBER IN AASI/ASI
٥٠٤ رقم٫ ٢٣ ص/ ٣٣ رقم٫ ٧ خريطة
NAMES
گردى ماماك
LOCAL NAME
Grd-ĩ Māmāk
TRANSLITERATION
Krd Māmk / Māmk (Krd)
( مامك (کرد/ کرد مامك
NAME IN AASI/ASI SITE
tell with the lower city
© 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019 DigitalGloge © CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS
TYPE OF SITE LOCALISATION LANDSCAPE SETTING RELATION TO WATER CONDITIONS OBSERVATION CONDITIONS AREAS COLLECTED WHOLE SITE
GEOGRAPHIC POSITION
A
B
C
D
large river valley on the main river good, poor
E
F
G
H
I
J
DESCRIPTION LOCATION. On the middle Zab terrace, overlooking the Greater Zab river, c. 800 m south of Grd Māmāk. DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE. The site is composed of a hill located on the bank of the Zab and a lower town area extending towards the north, east, and south. The mound and adjacent areas are covered by graves belonging to an active cemetery. AREAS COLLECTED. A – 0.044 ha, B – 0.309 ha, C – 0.354 ha, D – 0.077 ha, E – 0.390 ha, F – 0.529 ha, G – 0.649 ha, amounting to 69% of the site area. DAMAGES. The mound is covered by a cemetery, the low-lying part of which is still used by the inhabitants of Grd-ĩ Māmk village. Most of the lower town area was under cultivation in 2012. The site is threatened by the gravel digging around site US 146, located nearby to the south, which had already (in 2017) destroyed the southern part of Collection Area F at US 147. INTERPRETATION AND HISTORY. A small mounded site from the 3rd millennium BC, which expanded considerably during the 2nd millennium, when a flat settlement grew around the mound. During the Neo-Assyrian period, the site shrank to its core area, and the few Ottoman sherds found may be related to activity in the modern cemetery covering the mound. The site was indicated as one of the possible locations of a bridge over the Greater Zab (Fiey 1965, 183), but the UGZAR team did not record any remains of such a structure. The rock outcrops visible in the riverbed at the foot of the mound might have been misinterpreted as remnants of such a construction (see photos on pp. 529-531). Another site representing a similar occupational sequence is US 152, located c. 3.1 km to the north-east, east of the village of Kvrsor.
36°25'41"N 43°48'42"E
DMS
0393496, 4032092
UTM 38S
301
TOP HEIGHT (m a.s.l.) REGION QAZĀ
Xabāt
NĀXĨA
Dāraşekrān
NEIGHBOURING VILLAGE
Grd Māmāk
IDENTIFICATION bibliography, satellite imagery (CORONA, BingMaps) 22 September 2012
DOCUMENTED ON: BIBLIOGRAPHY
Fiey, J.M., Assyrie Chrétienne, Beyrouth, 1965, p. 183. Koliński, R., Report on the Field Activities of the Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project in year 2012, p. 10. Koliński, R., Insights into the settlement history of Iraqi Kudistan from the Upper Greater Zab Archaeological Reconnaissance Project, In: K. Kopanias, J. MacGinnis (eds.), The Archaeology of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and Adjacent Regions, Oxford Archaeopress 2016, p. 170. Koliński, R., The use of the Satellite Imagery in an Archaeoloical Survey in Iraqi Kurdistan, Contributions in New World Archaeology 9, 2016, pp. 117-118. PERIODS OF OCCUPATION 6
7
8
9
10
11
number of sherds
1
2
3
4
5
3
5
55
75
19
2
12
13
14
15
2
area
1.5
1.5
3.4
3.4
3.4
1.5
1.5
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
16
17
18
19
20
21
The Greater Zab Valley
530
US 147 BIBLIOGRAPHY cont. Mardas, J., Iraqi Kurdistan’s heritage in the face of regional development: state of preservation of archaeological sites and damage assessment – a provisional report. Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean 26/1, pp. 814, 818.
PHOTO Sites US 146 and US 147 seen from the west bank of the Greater Zab. The photo, taken in 2015, shows the beginning of gravel extraction.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by X. Kolińska
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
531
US 147 PHOTO View of the hill from the south with the neighbouring sites and the village of Grd Māmāk in the background. The location of US 120 on the other side of the river is also marked. Photo taken in 2017.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
The Greater Zab Valley
532
US 147 PHOTO Panorama showing Grd-ĩ Māmāk (US 147) and Grd-ĩ Xalĩl (US 146) from the north-west. Photo taken in 2017.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
533
US 147 Photo by J. Mardas
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
534
US 147 PHOTO Bird’s-eye view of Grd-ĩ Māmāk (US 147) from the east. Photo taken in 2017.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
535
US 147 Photo by J. Mardas
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
536
US 147 PHOTOS View of the top of the Grd-ĩ Māmāk hill (US 147). Photo taken in 2017.
Eastern face of the Grd-ĩ Māmāk hill with the lower town in the foreground. Photo taken in 2013.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by J. Mardas
Photo by X. Kolińska
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
537
US 147 PHOTOS Eastern face of the Grd-ĩ Māmāk hill with the lower town in the foreground. Photo taken in 2013.
Northern face of the hill and the cemetery where the inhabitants of the modern-day village are buried. Photo taken in 2013.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Photo by X. Kolińska
Photo by X. Kolińska
The Greater Zab Valley
538
US 147 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.147.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
A1
VIII?
B2 D1
6/2
D2 D3
8/1
surface break
ø
h
th
23
4.0
0.7
decoration
temper
forming treatment
l. brown d. green l. brown
V (s.m)
colour
BS
technique
colour
5YR6/4
H
IX
20
5.5
0.8
l. brown
V (s.m) M l(s)
WS
10YR8/3
PNT
VI
11
5.0
0.7
grey
0
P
10YR7/1.5
INC
VIII-IX
?
5.0
1.0
brown pink brown
V (s.m)
WS
10YR8/3
PNT
5YR5/3
W
6.0
0.8
yellowish green
V (s.m.l)
WS
2.5Y8/2
PNT
7.5YR7/0
W
4.0
0.8
l. brown olive l. brown
V (s.m) M l(s)
WS
10YR8/3
CMB
VIII
D4 D5
5YR4/6
4.0
0.7
buff
V (s) f.
WS
10YR8/3
CMB+INC
D6
6/1
VI
18
2.5
0.4
buff
0
WS
10YR8/4
PNT
E2
10/11
VIII-IX
12
5.5
1.2
l. brown
V (s.m) M l(s) s
28
4.3
0.8
l. brown
M b(s.m.l) l(s.m) a.
E62
10/11
VIII-IX
?
7.3
1.0
brick red
V (s.m) Ms
out.: 0 in.: ? out.: B S? in.: 0 out.: 0 in.: ?
F2
8/1
VIII
?
5.0
0.6
l. brown
V (s.m)
WS Ss
E5
W W
W W 2.5YR4/2 2.5YR4/4
10YR8/3
W W
10R5/6
W
10YR8/3
W
2.5YR8/2
PNT
10YR5/3
W
DECORATED FRAGMENTS NOT ILLUSTRATED dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
decoration
temper
forming
th
treatment
colour
technique
colour
D13
8/1
VIII
2.0
0.4
l. brown
0
WS
10YR7/3
PNT
7.5YR6/4
D14
8/1
VIII
2.5
0.7
red brown
V (s.m)
WS
7.5YR8/3
PNT
5YR6/2
W
D25
8/1
VIII
4.0
0.9
green
V (s.m)
WS
2.5Y8/2
PNT
10YR5/1
W
F45
8/1
VIII
n.d.
1.2
greyish brown l. brown
V (s.m)
WS
10YR8/3
PNT
7.5YR6/3
W
n.d.
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
W
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
539
US 147
PHOTOS BY M. SZABŁOWSKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.147.1
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
540
US 147 DECORATED FRAGMENTS ON PL.DF.147.2 dimensions
No
B1
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
10/11
B3
surface break
X
forming
ø
h
th
17
6.3
1.3
green
V (s.m) M l(s)
WS?
2.5Y8/3
5.0
0.6
l. brown
M l(s)
deco
?
greenish
V (s.m)
0
V (s.m) M l(s.m) f. s n.d.
XX
C1
10/11
VIII-IX
11
4.5
1.1
E3
10/11
VIII-IX
13
5.5
1.1
E63
10/11
VIII-IX
12-14
5.8
1.7
5.6
0.9
5.5
0.7
G4
decoration
temper
XX
G16
treatment
brown grey brown beige olive beige l. brown brick red
M l(s.m) u-brown part.(s.m) cs
brick red
M l(s.m.l) u(s.m) cs?
colour
technique
colour
GLZ
bluegreen
W W
2.5Y8/4
W+H
out.: WS in.: er.
7.5YR7.5/4
W
out.: WS in.: 0
7.5YR7/4
W
out.: B in.: WS out.: S in.: 0
10YR6/3
PNT
2.5Y8/2
CMB
d. brown
W W
DECORATED FRAGMENTS NOT ILLUSTRATED dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø B9
[10/11]
VIII-X
D29
8/pc
VIII
14
h
th
3.8
1.2
brick red
8.5
1.2
buff
decoration
temper
forming treatment
V (s) Ml(s) u(s) V (s.m) M l(s.m) V (s.m) M u-black part.(s)
colour
technique
colour
er.
5YR7.5/4
W
0
2.5Y7.5/2
W+H
VII
10
7.6
1.1
beige
?
2.5Y8/2
W
F39
[8/pc]
X
15
9.0
1.9
l. brown
V (s.m)
WS
10YR8/3
W
F72
[10/11]
VIII-IX
15
3.5
0.9
yellowish green
V (s.m) Ms
0
2.5Y7/4
W
E4
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
541
US 147
PHOTOS BY M. SZABŁOWSKI/PLATE BY T. SZMAGIER
PL.DF.147.2
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
The Greater Zab Valley
542
US 147 POTTERY ILLUSTRATED ON PL.PP.147.1 dimensions
No
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
surface break
ø
h
th
VIII
34 16
6.0 3.0
0.8 0.5
brown red
14
c4.1
0.9
reddish brown
E16
VIII
12
3.5
0.5
l. green
E20
VIII
25
3.3
0.7
brick red
E28
VIII
25
5.9
1.0
reddish brown
VIII
22
5.5
1.1
l. brown
A5 C5 D20
E30
[10/6]
VIII
32
5.0
1.1
yellowish
E91
VIII
28
8.4
1.0
brown
25
8.7
1.1
22
6.0
0.9
E93 E94
[10/13]
E97
IX VIII
E100
VIII
E102 F29
25
4.8 4.4
1.2
26
5.5
0.8
brick red yellowish green l. green yellowish green reddish brown grey reddish brown
[10/13]
IX
32
6.0
1.1
buff
F44 F47
8/1
VIII VIII
29 16
4.0 2.5
0.8 0.5
n.d. l. brown
F49
8/1
VIII
30
4.0
0.9
VIII-IX
34
6.0
0.8
35
4.5
1.0
F52 F74
V (s.m) 0 V (s) M l(l.xl) V (s) Ms V (s.m) M l(s) s V (s.m) M l(s) V (s.m.l) M u(s.m) V (s.m) M u(s) V (s.m.l) M s m(s)
yellowish greyish olive yellowish p. green yellowish
1.2
48
forming treatment
E79
decoration
temper
0 WS
buff
technique
colour
10YR8/3 5YR7/6 7.5YR7/2 7.5YR7/4
W W
WS
2.5Y8/3
W
WS
10YR8/3
INC
n.d.
10YR8/2
PNT
WS
2.5Y8/2
0
H
W 7.5YR7/6
W W
out.: WS in.: er.
2.5Y8/2
W
WS
10YR8/3
W
V (s.m) Ms
WS
2.5Y8/2
V (s.m) M l(s) s
WS
10YR8/3
W
V (s.m) M l(s)
WS
2.5Y8/2
W
V (s.m) Ms
WS
2.5Y8/3
V (s.m) M l(s.m) s
out.: P in.: ?
10YR8/3 5YR7/4
WS
2.5Y8/2
WS WS
7.5Y8/4 10YR7/4
PNT PNT
7.5YR6/2 5YR5/1
W W
?
2.5YR8/2
PNT (tr.)
?
W
WS
10YR8/3
WS
10YR8/3
V (s.m) Ms n.d. 0 V (s.m) Ms V (s.m) M l(s.m) V (s.m)
l. olive l. brown brownish red
colour
INC
W
INC (r.)
W W W
W GRV
W
POTTERY NOT ILLUSTRATED N0
WCT
UGZAR
type
type
break
dimensions
ø
h
th
treatment
E83
VIII
30
4.0
0.9
D16 E14
VIII VIII
20 25
2.0 5.1
0.6 0.8
brownish red greyish red brownish red brown l. yellowish green
E26
VIII
20
3.5
1.0
l. brown
F9
VIII
30
5.5
0.9
l. brown
F41
IX
29
4.0
1.2
l. brown
F59
[10/13]
IX
23
4.0
0.8
l. brown
F48
8/1
VIII
22
2.5
0.6
reddish brown
40
8.0
0.2
brownish red
F73
surface
temper
colour
decoration
technique
forming
analogy
colour
V (s.m)
WS
10YR8/3
W
=A5
M l(s.m) V(s.m.l) V (s.m) M l(s) s V (s.m) Ms V (s.m) Ms V (s.m) M l(l) V (s.m) M l(l) V (s.m)
BS WS
5YR6/5 10YR8/3
W W
=E16 =E91
WS
10YR8/3
W
=E91
WS
10YR8/2
W
=E91
WS
10YR8/3
W
=F29
WS
10YR8/3
W
=F29
WS
7.5YR8/4
PNT
W
=F44
WS
7.5YR8/4
GRV
W
=F74
PNT
© 2022, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden ISBN Print: 978-3-447-11793-7 - ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-39259-4
5YR5/4
2.5YR6/4
Left bank. Between Bāstora Çāĩ and Kvrsor
543
US 147 PL.PP.147.1 C5