The Governance of China [3] 7119124117

Table of contents :
gov3-1
PXL_20210530_142315019
PXL_20210530_142402502
PXL_20210530_142749014
PXL_20210530_142832891
PXL_20210530_142858259.MP
PXL_20210530_142923362
PXL_20210530_143045353
PXL_20210530_143053090
PXL_20210530_143241224
PXL_20210530_143354157
PXL_20210530_143443348
PXL_20210530_143510728
PXL_20210530_143613514
PXL_20210530_143655170
PXL_20210530_143709585
PXL_20210530_143746610
PXL_20210530_143834632
PXL_20210530_143858046
PXL_20210530_144043656
PXL_20210530_144104394
PXL_20210530_144146413
PXL_20210530_144220822
PXL_20210530_144304166
PXL_20210530_144351770
PXL_20210530_144424394
PXL_20210530_144442291
PXL_20210530_144511785
PXL_20210530_144544808
PXL_20210530_144609924
PXL_20210530_144642705
PXL_20210530_144714159
PXL_20210530_144730484
PXL_20210530_144751087
PXL_20210530_144803503
PXL_20210530_144825633
PXL_20210530_144837258
PXL_20210530_145802730
PXL_20210530_145814747
PXL_20210530_145837231
PXL_20210530_145848373
PXL_20210530_145943073
PXL_20210530_145957042
PXL_20210530_150015381
PXL_20210530_150034366
PXL_20210530_150116909
PXL_20210530_150137183
PXL_20210530_150201392
PXL_20210530_150214387
PXL_20210530_150236260
PXL_20210530_150255224
PXL_20210530_150322107
PXL_20210530_150338307
PXL_20210530_150357344
PXL_20210530_150411796
PXL_20210530_150430678
PXL_20210530_150500967
PXL_20210530_150525681
PXL_20210530_150549511
PXL_20210530_150606802
PXL_20210530_150618643
PXL_20210530_150654615
PXL_20210530_150707599
PXL_20210530_150731625
PXL_20210530_150744177
PXL_20210530_150804744
PXL_20210530_150817311
PXL_20210530_150830959
PXL_20210530_150845343
PXL_20210530_150906627
PXL_20210530_150918938
PXL_20210530_150940054
PXL_20210530_150953525
PXL_20210530_151036449
PXL_20210530_151046838
PXL_20210530_151107068
PXL_20210530_151117773
PXL_20210530_151137424
PXL_20210530_151148116
PXL_20210530_151212590
PXL_20210530_151229356
PXL_20210530_151251316
PXL_20210530_151303247
PXL_20210530_151321704
PXL_20210530_151332523
PXL_20210530_151348989
PXL_20210530_151400599
PXL_20210530_151419945
PXL_20210530_151434190
PXL_20210530_151456448
PXL_20210530_151514095
PXL_20210530_151534099
PXL_20210530_151544979
PXL_20210530_151605673
PXL_20210530_151618078
gov3-2
PXL_20210531_010400216
PXL_20210531_010413670
PXL_20210531_010448826
PXL_20210531_010502449
PXL_20210531_010525050
PXL_20210531_010535111
PXL_20210531_010556580
PXL_20210531_010605868
PXL_20210531_010617766
PXL_20210531_010625659
PXL_20210531_010648494
PXL_20210531_010656388
PXL_20210531_010707362
PXL_20210531_010717182
PXL_20210531_010732645
PXL_20210531_010740515
PXL_20210531_010751279
PXL_20210531_010758754
PXL_20210531_010820513
PXL_20210531_010827680
PXL_20210531_010842597
gov3-3
PXL_20210531_161306420
PXL_20210531_161321968
PXL_20210531_161545893
PXL_20210531_161600161
PXL_20210531_161618495
PXL_20210531_161627009.MP
PXL_20210531_161645960
PXL_20210531_161653566.MP
PXL_20210531_161705925
PXL_20210531_161712846
PXL_20210531_161727034
PXL_20210531_161759340
PXL_20210531_161821370
PXL_20210531_161827660
PXL_20210531_161842034
PXL_20210531_161849862
PXL_20210531_161904860
PXL_20210531_161930585
PXL_20210531_161955047
PXL_20210531_162011486
PXL_20210531_162025860
PXL_20210531_162033403
PXL_20210531_162051040
gov3-4
PXL_20210531_181842851
PXL_20210531_181941047
PXL_20210531_182008624
PXL_20210531_182018319
PXL_20210531_182046609
PXL_20210531_182053931
PXL_20210531_182114086
PXL_20210531_182120067
PXL_20210531_182142643
PXL_20210531_182150136
PXL_20210531_182202727
PXL_20210531_182208682
PXL_20210531_182221124
PXL_20210531_182232706
PXL_20210531_182249656
PXL_20210531_182258060
PXL_20210531_182309177
PXL_20210531_182314471
PXL_20210531_182326281
PXL_20210531_182331913
PXL_20210531_182349145
PXL_20210531_182355447
PXL_20210531_182407102.MP
PXL_20210531_182413216
PXL_20210531_182426293
PXL_20210531_182434566
PXL_20210531_182449006
PXL_20210531_182455866
PXL_20210531_182506553
gov3-5
PXL_20210601_134320531
PXL_20210601_134341130
PXL_20210601_134408516
PXL_20210601_134419926
PXL_20210601_134506225
PXL_20210601_134523954
PXL_20210601_134540047
PXL_20210601_134547357
PXL_20210601_134559970
PXL_20210601_134607727
PXL_20210601_134618839
PXL_20210601_134625582
PXL_20210601_134645432
PXL_20210601_134658388.MP
PXL_20210601_134715836
PXL_20210601_134727998
PXL_20210601_134757348
PXL_20210601_134805906.MP
PXL_20210601_134824321
PXL_20210601_134839538.MP
PXL_20210601_134856008
PXL_20210601_134906389
PXL_20210601_134923522.MP
PXL_20210601_134932381
PXL_20210601_134948994.MP
PXL_20210601_135000644.MP
PXL_20210601_135015098.MP
PXL_20210601_135024669.MP
PXL_20210601_135042851.MP
PXL_20210601_135052513.MP
PXL_20210601_135108595.MP
PXL_20210601_135118117.MP
PXL_20210601_135136720
PXL_20210601_135144469.MP
PXL_20210601_135201913.MP
PXL_20210601_135209266.MP
PXL_20210601_135223219
gov3-6
PXL_20210601_171052517
PXL_20210601_171107395
PXL_20210601_171116543
PXL_20210601_171123271
PXL_20210601_171133242
PXL_20210601_171141656
PXL_20210601_171208417
PXL_20210601_171215798
PXL_20210601_171230816
PXL_20210601_171239621
PXL_20210601_171256460
PXL_20210601_171303359
PXL_20210601_171316852
PXL_20210601_171324314
PXL_20210601_171334630
PXL_20210601_171342787
PXL_20210601_171353331
PXL_20210601_171401361
PXL_20210601_171415308
PXL_20210601_171422844
gov3-7
PXL_20210601_173430662
PXL_20210601_173441058
PXL_20210601_173453353
PXL_20210601_173504102
PXL_20210601_173516238
PXL_20210601_173522175
PXL_20210601_173533328
PXL_20210601_173541655
PXL_20210601_173554775
PXL_20210601_173600509
PXL_20210601_173612982
PXL_20210601_173619430
PXL_20210601_173630038
PXL_20210601_173635045
PXL_20210601_173644612
PXL_20210601_173654477
PXL_20210601_173710524
PXL_20210601_173718142
PXL_20210601_173733033
PXL_20210601_173740592
PXL_20210601_173752559
PXL_20210601_173759021
PXL_20210601_173815205
PXL_20210601_173820672
PXL_20210601_173832491
PXL_20210601_173840970
PXL_20210601_173855069
PXL_20210601_173901184
PXL_20210601_173914843
PXL_20210601_173923190
gov3-8
PXL_20210601_192126966
PXL_20210601_192137085
PXL_20210601_192230370
PXL_20210601_192236734
PXL_20210601_192247782
PXL_20210601_192253329
PXL_20210601_192305884
PXL_20210601_192311080.MP
PXL_20210601_192319808
PXL_20210601_192325430
PXL_20210601_192348972
PXL_20210601_192354462
PXL_20210601_192408354
PXL_20210601_192414855
PXL_20210601_192424309
PXL_20210601_192429662
PXL_20210601_192438403
PXL_20210601_192448484
PXL_20210601_192458434
PXL_20210601_192504659
PXL_20210601_192523427
PXL_20210601_192529938
PXL_20210601_192541369
PXL_20210601_192548613
PXL_20210601_192600915
gov3-9
PXL_20210601_194608163
PXL_20210601_194617961
PXL_20210601_194627782
PXL_20210601_194648359
PXL_20210601_194656572
PXL_20210601_194701781
PXL_20210601_194709028
PXL_20210601_194714387
PXL_20210601_194722416
PXL_20210601_194728304
PXL_20210601_194736718
PXL_20210601_194742328
PXL_20210601_194757338
PXL_20210601_194803416
PXL_20210601_194811983
gov3-10
PXL_20210603_133604305
PXL_20210603_133620660
PXL_20210603_133652744
PXL_20210603_133704416
PXL_20210603_133728033
PXL_20210603_133754045
PXL_20210603_133854767
PXL_20210603_133959172
PXL_20210603_134012434
PXL_20210603_134025621
PXL_20210603_134039721
PXL_20210603_134048119
PXL_20210603_134104295
PXL_20210603_134117503
PXL_20210603_134130477
PXL_20210603_134141245
PXL_20210603_134154302
PXL_20210603_134205326
PXL_20210603_134223607
PXL_20210603_134234330
PXL_20210603_134251646
PXL_20210603_134305341
PXL_20210603_134317750
PXL_20210603_134328052
PXL_20210603_134340480
PXL_20210603_134352209
PXL_20210603_134425182
PXL_20210603_134439108
PXL_20210603_134455196
PXL_20210603_134504951
PXL_20210603_134520636
PXL_20210603_134532043
PXL_20210603_134545446
PXL_20210603_134600611
PXL_20210603_134615346
PXL_20210603_134628206
PXL_20210603_134640738
PXL_20210603_134651014
PXL_20210603_134704950
PXL_20210603_134714180
PXL_20210603_134725879
PXL_20210603_134738545
PXL_20210603_134757370
PXL_20210603_154915887
PXL_20210603_154927272
PXL_20210603_154936346
PXL_20210603_154949564
PXL_20210603_154957672
PXL_20210603_155013692
PXL_20210603_155021392
PXL_20210603_155105805
PXL_20210603_155119612
PXL_20210603_155127289
PXL_20210603_155134242
PXL_20210603_155146648
PXL_20210603_155156609
gov3-11
PXL_20210604_135349648
PXL_20210604_135402468
PXL_20210604_135412659
PXL_20210604_135424440
PXL_20210604_135435455.MP
PXL_20210604_135443223.MP
PXL_20210604_135452932
PXL_20210604_135502119
PXL_20210604_135515211.MP
PXL_20210604_135523174
PXL_20210604_170317817
PXL_20210604_170332885
PXL_20210604_170346155
PXL_20210604_170355517
PXL_20210604_170406486
PXL_20210604_170414346
PXL_20210604_170423806
PXL_20210604_170431233
PXL_20210604_170442395
PXL_20210604_170450519
PXL_20210604_170502268
PXL_20210604_170510359
PXL_20210604_170519674
PXL_20210604_170528570
PXL_20210604_170541624
PXL_20210604_170550878
PXL_20210604_170601534
PXL_20210604_170609060.MP
PXL_20210604_170616461
gov3-12
PXL_20210604_173603728
PXL_20210604_173615385
PXL_20210604_173623341
PXL_20210604_173630732
PXL_20210604_173641367
PXL_20210604_173648310.MP
PXL_20210604_173657680
PXL_20210604_173703404
PXL_20210604_173710938
PXL_20210604_173716961
PXL_20210604_173734503.MP
PXL_20210604_173742836
PXL_20210604_173814935.MP
PXL_20210604_173824931
PXL_20210604_173836430
PXL_20210604_173843289
PXL_20210604_173853141
PXL_20210604_173905169
PXL_20210604_173914732
PXL_20210604_173923831
PXL_20210604_173934277
PXL_20210604_173941784
PXL_20210604_173950183
PXL_20210604_173956717
PXL_20210604_174005707
PXL_20210604_174012201
PXL_20210604_174020536
PXL_20210604_174026550
PXL_20210604_174034779
PXL_20210604_174040921
PXL_20210604_174049208
PXL_20210604_174054841
PXL_20210604_174102313
PXL_20210604_174108036.MP
PXL_20210604_174115495
PXL_20210604_174125920
PXL_20210604_174135861
gov3-13
PXL_20210607_154337985
PXL_20210607_154351759
PXL_20210607_154403580
PXL_20210607_154415063
PXL_20210607_154438351
PXL_20210607_154449750
PXL_20210607_154502841
PXL_20210607_154515097
PXL_20210607_154527481.MP
PXL_20210607_154537970
PXL_20210607_154553600.MP
PXL_20210607_154604973
PXL_20210607_154618893.MP
PXL_20210607_154631634
PXL_20210607_154644380
PXL_20210607_154653153
PXL_20210607_154703913
PXL_20210607_154712397
PXL_20210607_154723097
PXL_20210607_154733073
gov3-14
PXL_20210607_235841385
PXL_20210607_235927140
PXL_20210607_235944703
PXL_20210607_235954559
PXL_20210608_000010170
PXL_20210608_000020078
PXL_20210608_000034259
PXL_20210608_000044005
PXL_20210608_000100613
PXL_20210608_000111278
PXL_20210608_000127871
PXL_20210608_000138166
PXL_20210608_000152971
PXL_20210608_000204353
PXL_20210608_000218557
PXL_20210608_000228048
PXL_20210608_000240440
PXL_20210608_000250836
PXL_20210608_000317065
PXL_20210608_000327425
PXL_20210608_000342001
PXL_20210608_000352152
PXL_20210608_000407537
PXL_20210608_000416286
PXL_20210608_000427551
PXL_20210608_000457588
gov3-15
PXL_20210609_165502786.MP
PXL_20210609_165514596
PXL_20210609_165522788
PXL_20210609_165535302.MP
PXL_20210609_165548837
PXL_20210609_165601158
PXL_20210609_165614942
PXL_20210609_165632545
PXL_20210609_165647518
PXL_20210609_165659143.MP
PXL_20210609_165711026.MP
PXL_20210609_165808818.MP
PXL_20210609_165822489.MP
PXL_20210609_165840100
PXL_20210609_165850577
PXL_20210609_165908769
PXL_20210609_165920746
PXL_20210609_165938955
PXL_20210609_165947141
PXL_20210609_165956829
PXL_20210609_170006562
PXL_20210609_170019225
PXL_20210609_170031130
PXL_20210609_170040062
PXL_20210609_170053455
PXL_20210609_170104034
PXL_20210609_170119660
PXL_20210609_170129165
PXL_20210609_170141252
PXL_20210609_170154197
PXL_20210609_170204090
PXL_20210609_170212824
PXL_20210609_170221949
PXL_20210609_170232555
PXL_20210609_170244841
PXL_20210609_170257412
PXL_20210609_170308321
PXL_20210609_170321133
PXL_20210609_170334298
PXL_20210609_170343244
PXL_20210609_170355709
PXL_20210609_170408178
PXL_20210609_170445503
PXL_20210609_170456788
PXL_20210609_170506910
PXL_20210609_170519261
PXL_20210609_170531680
PXL_20210609_170544628
PXL_20210609_170554555
PXL_20210609_170605500
PXL_20210609_170619243
PXL_20210609_170629619
PXL_20210609_170640032
PXL_20210609_170648349
PXL_20210609_170656819
PXL_20210609_170705721
PXL_20210609_170714718
PXL_20210609_170722338
PXL_20210609_170730009
PXL_20210609_170737650
PXL_20210609_170746517
PXL_20210609_170756188
PXL_20210609_170831419
PXL_20210609_170840640
PXL_20210609_170850186
PXL_20210609_170900613
PXL_20210609_170917897
PXL_20210609_170930871
PXL_20210609_170942202
PXL_20210609_170957827
PXL_20210609_171009575
PXL_20210609_171018168
PXL_20210609_171029737
PXL_20210609_171051096
PXL_20210609_171103259
PXL_20210609_171112349
PXL_20210609_171124989
PXL_20210609_171136576
gov3-16
PXL_20210610_012127265
PXL_20210610_012156555
PXL_20210610_012209003
PXL_20210610_012217947
PXL_20210610_012228469
PXL_20210610_012236403
PXL_20210610_012244283
PXL_20210610_012251731
PXL_20210610_012300976
PXL_20210610_012343090
PXL_20210610_012352444
PXL_20210610_012401081
PXL_20210610_012409523
PXL_20210610_012416450
PXL_20210610_012424640
PXL_20210610_012431971
PXL_20210610_012441546
PXL_20210610_012450692
gov3-17
PXL_20210610_152113751
PXL_20210610_152126031
PXL_20210610_152159234
PXL_20210610_152208210
PXL_20210610_152218414.MP
PXL_20210610_152226712
PXL_20210610_152239123
PXL_20210610_152247771
PXL_20210610_152256901
PXL_20210610_152312316
PXL_20210610_152325059
PXL_20210610_152340741.MP
PXL_20210610_152351716
PXL_20210610_152406193
PXL_20210610_152418158
PXL_20210610_152426760
PXL_20210610_152438022
PXL_20210610_152445896.MP
PXL_20210610_152455133
PXL_20210610_152508222
PXL_20210610_152531342
PXL_20210610_152540305
PXL_20210610_152550040
PXL_20210610_152557644
PXL_20210610_152616460
PXL_20210610_152631387
PXL_20210610_152641074
PXL_20210610_152648911
PXL_20210610_152659603
PXL_20210610_152707257
PXL_20210610_152715347
PXL_20210610_152722790
PXL_20210610_152733020
PXL_20210610_152740001
PXL_20210610_152749614
PXL_20210610_152756897
PXL_20210610_152809250
PXL_20210610_152838919
PXL_20210610_152850757
PXL_20210610_152859023
PXL_20210610_152908161
PXL_20210610_152918435
PXL_20210610_152929765
PXL_20210610_152939583
PXL_20210610_152949493
PXL_20210610_152957804
PXL_20210610_153010662
PXL_20210610_153019203
PXL_20210610_153029192
PXL_20210610_153038908
PXL_20210610_153049875
PXL_20210610_153058759
PXL_20210610_153108242
PXL_20210610_153119607
PXL_20210610_153129252
PXL_20210610_153137036
PXL_20210610_153147290
PXL_20210610_153156718
PXL_20210610_153207940
PXL_20210610_153218262
PXL_20210610_153227959
PXL_20210610_153235075
PXL_20210610_153244073
PXL_20210610_153250610
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Citation preview

III

III

w FOREIGN LANGUAGES PRESS w

First._dition2020

All rightsreserved.No part of this publication may be reproduced,storedin a retrieval system, or transmitted in any fonn or by any means, electronic,mechanical, photocopying,recording,scanning,or otherwise, exceptas expresslypermittedby law, without the prior writtenpermissionof the Publisher.

ISBN978-7-119-12411-7 © ForeignLanguagesPressCo. Ltd,Beijing,China,2020

PublishedbyForeignLanguagesPressCo. Ltd

24 BaiwanzhuangRoad, Beijing I 00037, China http://www.flp.com.cn

Email:[email protected] 35 ChegongzhuangXilu, Beijing 100044,China P.O.Box 399, Beijing, China

Publisher's Note

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 2017 recognized Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as the latest milestone on the road that the CPC will follow for the foreseeable future, and has since written it into the CPC Constitution. At the First Session of the 13th National People's Congress in 2018, the Constitution of the People's Republic of China was also amended to include this thought. These represented timely updates to the guiding philosophy of the Party and the country. Embodying Marxism in contemporary China and in the 21st century, Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the banner of the CPC in the new era. It steers the political and social activities of the country, and is a guide to action for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The thought has also contributed a Chinese perspective and Chinese ideas to building a global community of shared future. Since the 19th CPC National Congress, guided by this thought and remaining true to the Party's original aspiration and founding mission, the CPC Central Committee, with Xi Jinping a its core, has fully considered the overall goal of national rejuvenation and the international situation in a context of change at a level unseen in a century, and has coordinated efforts on the great truggle, the great project, the great cause and the great

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ch . .

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asb O ens

.

. . .

pro'lfe . as een . ..

. . · sa

resu t, t e en . ore . bout and activein pursumg green development and th consciousa ' ere

tionsfor buildingan eco-civilizationhave been accelerated;the system of functionalzoning has been steadily improved; and progresshas beerimade in piloting the national park system. Across-the-board efforts to conserve resources have seen encouraging progress;the intensityof energyand resource consumption has been significantl reduced.Smoothprogresshas been made in major eco-environmenta conservationand restoration projects; and forest coverage has been increased.Ecologicaland environmental governance has been significantlystren,-4,ened, leading to marked improvements in the environment.Takinga drivingseat in international cooperation to respondto climatechange,China has become an important participant, contributor, and torchbearerin the global endeavor for eco-civilization. forces.

R.eportto the 19th CFC NationalCongress

7

modernize national defense and the armed forces. We convened the Gutian Conference on Military Political Work to revive and pass on the proud traditions and fine conduct of our Party and our armed forces, and have seen a strong improvement in the political ecosystem of the people's forces. Historic breakthroughs have been made in reforming national defense and the armed forces: A new military structure has been established with the Central Military Commission exercising overall leadership, the theater commands responsible for military operations, and the services focusing on developing capabilities. This represents a revolutionary restructuring of the organization and the services of the people's armed forces. We have strengthened military training and war preparedness, and undertaken major missions related to the protection of maritime rights, countering terrorism, maintaining stability, disaster rescue and relief, international peacekeeping, escort services in the Gulf of Aden, and humanitarian assistance. We have stepped up weapons and equipment development, and made major progress in enhancing military preparedness. The people's armed forces have taken solid strides on the path of building a powerful military with Chinese characteristics. We havemadefresh progressin work relatedto Hong Kong,Macao,and

Taiwan. We have fully and faithfully implemented the principle of "one country, two systems", and ensured that the central government exercises its overall jurisdiction over Hong Kong and Macao as mandated by China's Constitution and the basic laws of the two special administrative regions. We have thus boosted exchanges and cooperation between the mainland and the two regions and maintained prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao. We have upheld the on - hina principle and the 1992 Consensus6, promoted th peaceful d lopment of cross-Straits relations, strengthen d er s - traits economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation, and held a historic m ting between the leaders of the two sid s. W hav r p nd d as appr priate to the political developments in aiwan, res lut 1 pp s d and deterr d separatist elements advocating " aiwan indep nd nc ", and

7/1rGo11rr11t111re ?f Chi1111 ~

· h T . ~ and stabiljty Jn t e a1wan Straits ,.dedpeace , ~. • orc>usl safcguat s iii C/Jina'sdzp!o111afy on allfronts. \rtg ri/Jerrogre~r . le all-roun . ountr .th Chinese c a . . ~ ip}o.. diplomacy\Vl hensive multilevel, multifaceted w . a in a compre ' . ' ay and . avorable extern .. . . . tnent. • · ursue t e ·ucture nves , and · st Bet an o th 22nd APEC cono

.

111It

in Hangzhou, e d C fid Buildin t Interaction an on 1 ence g Measu f the Conference on res

Asia. C na c a . shared ture, an . . . , . this we have seen a further rise 1n Chinas mternaith nance system. W

ID

Wehaveachieved remarkableoutcomeszn ensuringJu!l and strictgovernance overtheParty. We have made sweeping efforts to strengthen the Party and its leadership,and taken strong action to transform lax and weak governance over the Party. We encourage all Party members to hold the Party Constitution in great esteem. We urge them to stren,..._._ en their consciousness of the need to maintain political commitment, · in terms of the general picture, follow the core leadership of the CPC Central Committee, and act in accordance with its requirements, and to uphold the authority of the Central Committee and its centralized, unified leadership.We have tightened political discipline and rulesto ensure that political responsibility for governance over the Partyis

acuv1ue

•

7

an initiated a campaign for the observance of the Three Guide·

&porl to the 19th CPC ationalCongress

lin

r

9

thical B ha ·or and Three Basic Rules of ring orm over sub tance, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extl:awQaO.ce,and taunchl oppo ed privilege seeking. Disciplin- inspections have cut like a blade through corruption and misconduct; meyhan! CO\C:£00 crcrrParty committee in all departments at the central and provincial levels. o place has been out of bounds, no e«M.1.0d left unturned, and no tolerance shown in the fight against rion. We have taken firm action to ' take out tigers", "swat "hunt down foxes . The goal of creating a deterrent against coirrup:rion has been iniriall_ attained; the cage of institutions that Pre"\"elllS O>rrtlipU{)O been eogtbened; and moral defenses against CD!TI!lJOOoare in memaking The anti-corruption campaign has built mm ~ crnstmt2 ode, 2.00is being consolidated and developed 1'he 2C:lne\oneacs o cht: past five years have touched every area 2nd oken nc,r.· ground; the ch2nges m hina over the pa t five hfl-c bttn profound and fund2menw. For five yea our Party dt:roomrnrcd rrcmcndoupoliual cour~e and a pow fuJ sense ' mis~ 2s n h2S & ·eloped new idea , neu chinking, and new

ms

.I 'l1r 'o1•1 ,.,,,,,,,r of

h111,1

und rpinnin . But, must b v ry l ar: Th r ar • still many in, 9ua l 1n ur w rk and manydiffi ulti s and hall n s a . Th" mainon s

me acut pr bl m, aus d by un alan and inad uat d v I• pmentawaitsoluti n ; and th quali and ....L._,..,._~ cl v l pm nt arc notwhatth y h uld b . hina' ability inn va n ds stron• r th r al onomyawait impr v m nt, and w hav a 1 ng wayto go in prot tin th nvit nm nt.

In workon publicw llbein th r ar still many ar as wh t" we fall hort; and P vertyall viati n r main a £ rmidabl l . Th ar still lar di .. . ~ spanue tn d v lopm nt b tw en rural and urban ar a , b tween nd r_gt~ns,a in incom distribution;and our p pl fa manydifficul· tles10 mpl yrn t, d . en ucatton,h alth car , h u ing, and ld rlycar ·

Reportto the 19th CPC NationalCongress

11

Civic awareness needs further improvement. Social tensions and problems are intertwined, much remains to be done in seeing the country's governance is based on law, and China's system and capacity for. go~ernance need to be further strengthened. Ideological struggle 1s still complicated, and in national security we face new developments. Some reform plans and major policies and measures need to be better implemented. Many dimensions of strengthening the Party remain weak. These are all problems that demand our full attention. The achievements of the past five years are the result of the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee, and, more importantly, the result of all Party members and all the Chinese people pulling together in their pursuit. On behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, I express our heartfelt thanks to the people of all ethnic groups, to all other political parties, to the people's organizations, and to patriotic figures from all sectors of society, to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, to overseas Chinese, and to all our friends from around the world who have shown understanding and support for China's modernization. Comrades, In the early days of reform and opening up, the Party made a clarion call for us to take a path of our own and build socialism with Chinese characteristics. Since that time, the Party has united and led all the Chinese people in a tireless struggle, propelling China into a leading position in terms of economic and technological strength, defense capabilities, and composite national strength. China's international standing has risen as never before. Our Party, our country, our people, our forces, and our nation have changed in ways without precedent. The hinese nation, with an entirely new posture, now stand tall and firm in the East. With decades of hard work, s cialism with hinese charact ristic has crossed the threshold into a new era. This is a n \ historic juncture in

hina's development.

0 r China TheGovernance 'J

12

ialisrnwith C

hinese characteristics entering

a tlf'-1, • hats ~w This 1s . . h · h since modern times bega era mean . tion w ic d n had The hinese na ' has achieved a tremen ous transfo h for so long, d . ttt)a red so muc e better off, an grown m strengthit h, enr ~111c)t hct· 3(J years upon 1

,..

1 , , XtCf1( 1~-ncr1t of the 1c systco, j a auiding thought of the CPC. Fc)t th fJf th

~,,

Tl

.

. cialism, atlc r,· . e fitst · e()r,, 0 c:J t1r. c , tically ans\vered a series of basic gu . titne I\ s 11 ot r\1 s}rsten1a esttons , u,n . 'iaopingThe

•

• .

.

•s c>fcJt,er

.

Y the eti t1c)n

.

~10

.tnoder. t1:i1.

..else,v c ' . 1 . t et J ··ters (>f Marxist c assics. There 1· ernhJ e,,dea\ror~ . ' earhcr \Vt 1 • • • s no or t' at, • ' n () soc • • tJ I

con1 . , realities, and constan needs,

..

\VC

.

gainedfiroll)

•

ract1ce.

• ·

Thelife e o ChineseCommu to observean developit m \\'lesho ea anextens1v

·

•

. .

.

·

ttonsw

oc1alis nte111

.

.

e dutyo allJs g It, and . .. a. on WJth A-4-

un a..

ers

'

andthe evolutionof human society, and open up new prospectsfor the developmentof Marxism in contemporary China and the 21st century.

Notes 1

MaoZedong:"The Role of the Chinese Communist Party in the ational Jlflg,1965, p.209. 2

Frederick or: Vol50 En Fredenck E ,

0

·

En

. ,,

' ,, .

'

Focuson Our Tasks- Bearin Mind the National

Mqy21, 2019

I have often said that leading officials should have two factors in mind:One is the strategic goal of achieving national rejuvenation, the other is the world experiencing a level of change unseen in a century. This is the prerequisite to planning our work. hina is still in an i1nportant period of strategic opportunities, but the international situation is becoming increasingly complex. We must be clearly aware of the long-term ancl complicated factors both at home and abroad that will hinder our development, and thus be well ~repared for various difficulties. Properly completing our own tasks ls the tnost important thing. We should conduct in-depth research aoc.lI repare coordinated plan before pressing forward with reform, dcvel

~-:e

~e

eople of all ethruc groups and Chinese sons ·

. .

.

and

-

C __ . _io.... ~ I pa) the highest tribute to all revolutionary fore-

-~-=~an,d:::artyr

for their feats in pursuing national indepen.::,,,i,-.ce and ·beration of the people, and in creating a prosperous ,,,......... ,,___ o- coun'L.A-_, and a better life for the people. I extend warm

ro the Chinese people of all ethnic groups and all -e o._..Oiinese at ome and abroad, and express heartfelt gratitude

co~..._~rions

· ds aroundthe -··orld for their support to China. ve en . _1ears ago on this day, Mao Zedong

,

~

-·

solemnly declared

_.,.·.

ery born of po erty, weakness, oppression and hU,J..L.J..l. over more than 100 vears since the advent of modern times.

1

_w_.u1.,.

0

t

· e L::taon.

10

Speechat the Celebration ofthe 10thAnniversaryoftheFoundingofthePRC

1o1

arduous struggle, the Chinese people's great achievements have amazed the world. Today, a socialist China is standing firm in the East. No force can ever undermine our great motherland's status, or stop the Chinese people and the Chinese nation from marching forward. Comrades and friends, On our journey forward, we must uphold the CPC's leadership, ensure that the people are the masters of the country, stay on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and fully implement the Party's underlying theories, basic guidelines, and fundamental principles. We must strive to constantly meet the people's desire for a better life and reach new and historic heights. On our journey forward, we must uphold the principles of

peaceful reunification and ''one country, two systems'', maintain lasting prosperity and stability in Hong J(ong and Macao, promote the peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, unite all Chinese sons and daughters, and continue to strive for complete reunifica-

tion of the motherland. On our journey forward, we will stay on the path of peaceful development and pursue a mutually beneficial strategy of opening up. We will continue to work with people from all countries to jointly build a global community of shared future. The Chinese People's Liberation Army and the People's Armed Police Force should forever preserve their nature, purpose and char-

world peace.

Comrades and friends,

•·

ing

·

n and found-

de,,elop our People's · • ' .d d mission, and continue to conso 11 ate an

•

I c1u,·cll:I 111' 1hr 1, ,ngI ((live

grc:HI' I , t l s ltc11ul>lic ,>f (""h· · . . , 1nal 1 J,iing · Jiv ·th· great (_,. ,'r stu . ~ h 19th Cl C traJ Committee. g oup dy session of tl1ePolitical BureaL1of t e

114

InitiativeandResolvein Rei1iforci11g theParry}Political Foundations

115

the principle of strengthening the Party and army with a sound political philosophy. The Seventh CPC National Congress in 1945 declared its intention to focus on strengthening the Party's ideological commitment and reinforcing its political foundations while strengthening its organization. After the People's Republic of China was founded in 1949, Mao Zedong observed that "political work is the lifeline of all 2 economic endeavors" • After reform and opening up started in 1978, Deng Xiaoping emphasized, ''We have to lay great stress on politics at all times."3 All this served to indicate that reinforcing the Party's political foundations is an important guarantee that our Party will go from strength to strength and from victory to victory. In the course of strengthening our Party's self-governance since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, we have clearly realized that many of our problems are related to political issues and attributable to a slack political approach. "If the root cause of a problem is addressed, there will be immediate change for the better; if only trivial 4 matters are addressed, the problem will stay forever." If we do not perceive and deal with a problem from the political perspective, we will put ourselves in the position of juggling with stopgap measures and fail to produce a fundamental solution. This is why I have reiterated that strict governance over the Party must start with political effort, and that political issues need political solutions. Giving prominence to reinforcing our Party's political foundation we have achieved significant results in the following respect : reinforcing our political belief, strengthening the Four Consciousne upholding the authority of the Central Committee and it centralized, unified leadership, enforcing strict political di cipline and rul enhancing and regulating intra-Party political activitie in ~en ' _ra 100 cleaning up the political environment within our Par , 1_mpro Party conduct, fighting corruption, and punishin '- n dom · ~p rience ha s taught us that remforcmg • · the par ' P litical foundation deterrrunes · · th e Par · If w the direction and effect of tr ng th rung th neglect them or stra from that direction, it will b hard to achi anticipated results in other areas.

TheGovernance of Cbina

116

that some colleaguesoverlook or downplay political matters.Some are weak in the Four Consciousnesses. Some pay only lip service to upholding Party leadership. Some show no political acuityand discernment, or lack the will to respond to erroneous wordsand deeds.Some are a law unto themselves and ignore our Party'spolitical disciplineand rules, and others run ........ · gs according to unspoken rules or act as if doing business deals in the Party. Reinforcing the Party'spoliticalfoundations is a long and arduous task that demands our perseverance.

To this end, the 19th CPC National Congress set out specific requirements,and I have elaborated on them several times.Wemust implement them to the full. Here, I would like to emphasizethe followingpoints: •

•

understoodthat

to eat,

Strayingfrom the .

.

t have a

c earun erstanding thi on s matter

The olit·

communism o 0

,

·

I f 0

· al r1stJ' '

.

.

entenar , an nd , nee ~

' we need to rn 1 ' e alJPar ,,an av

.

1es,

. .

.o

..

9 ornP

,' jd " t

I

InitiativeandResolve in Reinforcing theParrysPolitical Foundations

117

culture of Chinese socialism, clarify any confusion and ambiguity, remove all obstacles, and concentrate the wisdom and strength of the whole Party on the task of upholding and developing Chinese socialism in the new era. Two, we must urge the whole Party to follow the correct political direction in devising major strategies, formulating major policies, advancing major plans, and implementing major tasks. We must conduct regular self-examination against our goals and standards in order to make prompt adjustments and improvements, and rectify practices that deviate from or run counter to our Party's political direction. We can thereby ensure that all undertakings of the Party and the state will always proceed in the correct political direction. Three, we must build Party organizations at all levels in such a way so as to firmly safeguard the correct political direction, and guide all Party members and officials accordingly. Those who err on this issue must be reprimanded, and those guilty of serious misconduct must be punished in accordance with Party discipline. Second, upholding the Party's political leadership. The leadership of the CPC is the defining feature of Chinese socialism and the greatest strength of this system. Our Party is the highest force for political leadership.Without our Party's leadership, national rejuvenation would he unattainable. Having been put into this position by historical devel0_Pmentsand our people, our Party must shoulder its political responsibilitiesby exercising effective political leadership. Through the painstaking efforts we have made since the 18th CPC N · h ational Congress, an awareness of upholding overall Party leadershiP as clearlygrown among all Party members. Nevertheless, we still face ~e fact that some localities and entities fail to translate this awareness t.ntoactions in their work. We need to establish sound organizational frameworks, systems, and mechanisms for strengthening overall Party lea~ership in all realms and respects, including reform, development, social stability, domestic affairs, foreign relations, national defense, and governance of the Party the state and the mili"tary. Upholding the authority of th'e Central Committee and its

TheGovernance of China

118

centralized, unified leadership is of utmost importance to the Party's political leadership, and is the primary task in reinforcing the Party's political foundations. We need to guide all Party members to enhance the Four Consciousnesses, maintain a high degree of unitywiththe Central Committee in their thinking, actions and politicalstance,and ensure tl1at the Central Committee is the sole authority and hasthe final say. High-ranking officials, especially members of the Political Bureau, should lead by example - acting in line with the overallinterests of the Party and country when performing their duties. Third, consolidating the political foundation. The supportof the st people is the unfailing source of our Party's strength. In the pa , ''Workers and peasants are wakened in their millions to fightas one I 5 man" , creating an indomitable force that enabled us to win therevo-

us to realizethe Chinese Dream. ·

6

· ·

ounda-

ttons, we must make the support of the people our top priority, d

I I

ur Par~

stren

e mass e, concern ourselves with the peo e 05 and work together wit · h th em. Moreover we must reso1utelYopPau.. the Four . ' e bure crat1sm hedo · th firstt\\ . ' nism, and extravagance - particularl)r e public and al · · e. su ort a . hat \1/e on what we d0 Onl tr prosp. Yhard work can make our countr1 ddliog · and stron a · , r11t1 ut

roug in one's w e needs of ea

.

in the

~

e need tc) tr · ~

·

with

·th .,

s ,10rdinated development of the real ec . t·ole featuring . . on0 , . . and tee no o . . urnan science . ovation will contribute more to the eo le Solidw

.

.

·

.

·

orted b e. · be harshly

.

VIro

.

.

.

PUnish

,.,.... _ ·

er P s as al 1n

eas

r the

·

.

. . ·

·

.

Pos

.

\'t

·

tasks a

.

,

tilizatton

d and \Vater uld ad ust agrtd esnct es, · the recy g ·nue to 1mpro,e e

C()UOtr)'·

. . d age J1sposa, an re to improve garbage collectton an sew

0

uild , uffi1 untr .

, c ~ ill build th

. nt

1

int

- n i nm nt I p lluti n pr nti n nd ntrol r in. p r bl . h un ti n lik f~ .th th num mt r nn th fi rm r th d n mtn t r. . . . th tt r I tt r . th n •ronm nt mu t nunuruz num pr t t th . . th d . u.ing llutant di h. s and maxuntz n trun t nl r .ng

._ ~1 sh ul l n, u th t no th nvir nm nnu rd lin fi r r ro d s t mati ll m nit r n s, £ rest , farmland[ ra sland ' nd stren th n r . ht nvir nm ntal issu ; . Rath r than r d · urban land m d availabl hould turn it into green th d moliti n of ill gal structur , pac wher th p opl can nj th ir leisur . F urth e hould fi restall c - nvironm ntal ris s ef ctiv ly. Eco-security is a ke lement of national s urity and n important guarantee for sound and u ta.in d ocial and onomi cl pment. , ip the probl m in th bud when it i in th makin ; pr pare your1 elf for ri ks et to em rg ." W sh uld b hi hly al rt to the ac umulation and spread of all kinds of eco- nvir nmental risks, and b prepared to meet the chall ng th pos . We should bring eco-environm ntal risks under manag m nt on a regular basis, and build a multi-tiered risk management system covering the whole process of social and econ mic cl v lopm nt. We need to impose tight controls on wa te incin ration and paraxyl ne pollution, prevent and resolve IMB ("not in my back yard") probl m concerning projects with a significant nvironm ntal impa t, and improve our emergency re p ns capacity for nvironm ntal accidents. We need to enhanc nuclear and radiation safi ty r gulation and supervision, and improv our regulatory and supervi ry mechanisms and capacity, in order to ensure absolute a£ ty.

Fifth, we should promote further institutional

eco-environm

ntal progress through

reform. This is an important

deeper comprehensive

part of China's

reform. With the goal of resolving promi~

Win the Batlle

abut Pol/11tio11

431

netltnvir run ntal pr bl m , w should nsur the impl mentation f ,j ting measur s and formulat n w plans in a timely manner. \Y/e mu ts e that ur measur cone rning institutional re£ rm for co-0 · nm ntal pr gr ss ar put in plac and play their role. The tion lnsp ction ~ ams should str ngthenth ir authority, app int capabl p rs nnel, and make further progrs . '\ e hould xpl re sustainable ways to realize the value of eco-pr ducts und r the guidance of the g vernment, with the participati n of business and all other sectors of soci ty, and through markt-bas d p ration. To this end, w should launch pilot programs firstto gather experience. We should improve our systems for assessingthehon sty and accuracy of claims about p rformance in environmentalprotection, for ensuring mandatory release of environmental information, and for imposing severe punishments on environmental violation . In the current round of reform involving Party and state institution,th PC C ntral Committee has decided to establishthe Ministryof col gy and nvironment. We have two considerations:First, wemust integrategovernment functions in pollution prevention and controlto provide ef£ ctiv institutional supp rt for this tough task. ecoocl, in terms of environm ntal c nservati n and reSt0ration we musttr n h n urufi . d r gulat1on . and up rviston • • of all thingsabove . andbelowgr und, on h r and in wat r, on land and at s a, and tn urbana d ·d and carbon ,i: • n rural ar as, targ ting both carbon m noxt ' \11 XId . . . th co lent enuss1 n , and ensur that r d Un s £ r pr t ung ar n t er ss d. nt t l nvironm ntal Pr t

TheGovernance of China

432

. fi r managing the eco-environment of regions . th mechanisms o il , river e b O dies accelerate our p ot programs on establi h' · and sea ' . . s tng basins . . nmental protect10n agencies, and integrat wnal env1ro . .. e the transreg . . ment management responsibilities of rel . evant henc environ atmosp ents and local governments. We will establish re I central deparun .. c . b . guac ement author1t1es ror nver asm environrn tor ' and law eniorc . . ent to ) rgy We need to improve marine environm achieve better syne . . . . . ental chanisms by sett1ng up regulatory mst1tut1ons resp management me . onsible for different sea bodies. . . h hould improve eco-environmental governance Thi Sixt ' we s . s .is a systematl·c program that requires multiple combined approaches, . • d--;nistration ' market, law and technology. We should ~.11 mvo1vmg a UllJ..Ll . . 1u.uy protection, and dire market to boost environmental . ct leverage the more private capital into this area. We s_hould impr~ve resource and environment pricing mechanisms, and include environmental costs into the cost of economic activities. We should use various means to support the cooperation between gov~rnment an~ private capital on environmental protection. In protecting the envuonment, we must pay out every penny required. We must ensure that our investments in pollution control are commensurate with the level of difficulties of the tasks concerned. We should devote more effort to key scientific research projects such as identifying the causes of severe air pollution and curbing such pollution, and the comprehensive environmental governance of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region. We need to carry out specialized and forward-looking research on the control of ozone, volatile organic compounds and new pollutants. We need to conduct countermeasure studies on major environmental issues having a vital bearing on social and economic development, and encourage the application of research results, to support informed and effective decision-making, environmental management, targeted pollution control and public services. To demonstrate that China is a major and responsible country and to build a global community of shared future, we should actively respond to climate change as a national strategy, and push for the

uv;nth, BattleJ']&ai11sJPol/,,tion

433

establishment of a fair and rational gl bal cli1nat governance system directed to\vardscooperation and win-win rest1lts.

ote 1

LiuXu r.t,1l:()IdBookof ~fang(Ii,, T111ig~fh11). IJu andhistorianduringthe I?ivcDynastjcs.

u (887 946) ,vas an natur . I hav alway said that clearWat

·nt. .,re n ts th o1or d th . rs . e invaluable assets, an at eco-envir nrnenta1 . . 1 ountrunsar

and n d gr ater pr duct1v1ty. Healthy ecosyste . m nt lea s t rns n mic p tential, generate steady return and unpr r mis b und 1 ss c o . ill' ' P · mic and social sustainab ty. w,11 c ntribute to econo c ter a love of nature. we -measured exploratio _ e ne d to 10s . n is the key to eco-env1ronmental progress W, and use of resources . . . e healthy lifestyle that 1s sunple, green and low should encourage a . . .. . t travagant and excessive practices. Addinonally it carbon, and reiec ex . ' . 'al • people's awareness of env1ronmental and ecolo01_ 1s essentl to raise . O" . d develop an environmental governance system in cal protection, an . . . which the whole of society part1c1pates, so that the eco-envtronment will become a primary focus of daily life. We need to advocate the value of green development grounded in respect ~d care for nature so that blue skies, green fields and clear waters will be deeply cherished by all. _ We should adopt a sound approach. In environmental governance we should follow the laws of nature, make holistic and wellinformed plans, do what is appropriate in light of local circumstances, and create harmonious ecosystems in which all elements coexist in tandem with each other. Human wisdom is essential to sustaining the dynamism of the Earth, our common homeland. Although environmental governance is an arduous task, we will ultimately obtain the expected results as long as we take the right steps. We must press ahead with a sense of urgency and perseverance to achieve our goals. - We need to join hands to meet common challenges. A beautiful homeland is the shared aspiration of humanity. In the face of environmental challenges, all countries are a community with a common stake, and no country can remain aloof. Only together can we effectively address climate change, marine pollution, biological conservation, and other global environmental issues and achieve the UN 2030

'

A~enda for Sustainable Development. Only concerted efforts can drive home the idea of green development and bring about steady

Builda Gret,randBeaJ1tij11/ Honie/and forAll

437

Ladiesandgentlemen, Dearfriends, ~lanyof the guests here also attended the Second Belt and Road Forumfor International Cooperation which closed yesterday.We reachedan important consensus at the forum that our Belt and Road cooperationwill build a road of green development, in addition to a road of open development. China is ready to work with all other countriesto create a better homeland and a global community of shared future.

Ladiesandgentlemen, Dearfriends, Everygeneration has its own mission. Our efforts to conserveour ecosystemswill benefit not only this generation, but many more to come.By acting now on our own initiative,we will pass on the baton of conservationto future generations. . .. I now declare the 2019 International Horticultural Exhibition open.

Notes 1

Du Fu:''TwoQuatrains''OueJu Er Shou).

Maj r Goal for Eco-Conservatio.n and Quality De elopment of the Yellow River Basin' Septe111ber 18,2019

I have pointed out that to harness the Y~llow River, priority should be given to eco-environmental conservation and the key lies in · nmental governance. We need to protect mountains, waters eco-enviro , forests, farmlands, lakes, and grasslands, and address all degradation at source in a coordinated way. We should strengthen coordination and cooperation in our work to promote high-quality de~elopment of the Yellow River Basin. Lucid waters and lush mounta.ms a.re invaluable assets. We must act on this understanding, advance eco-environmental conservation as a priority, and pursue green development. We should use the water resources of the Yellow River as its capacity permits, and adopt differentiated measures appropriate to local conditions. We need to make comprehensive plans and joint efforts to protect the ecosystem along the upper and lower reaches, the trunk stream and tributaries, and a.long both banks of the Yellow River. We should better protect and restore its ecosystem, keep the Yellow River harnessed, promote high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, improve local people' lives, and preserve and keep alive the YellowRiver culture. By making these effort, we can make th Yellow River deliver more benefits to our peopl . To be specific, we need to do the following: . First, strengthen eco-environmental prot ction. We should take into account the different condition on the upp r, middl and lower reaches of the Yellow River and protect its eco

stem as a whole. In

* Part of the p ech at the of the YellowRiverBasin. orum on the Eco-conservation and Quality Development

438

hf(forG0t1ls forEco-Consen1ation andQuafi!yDevehpment of theYellow RiverBasin 439

ingwater conservation, particularly in the Sanjiangyuan Natural Reservein Qinghai, the Qilian Mountains area bordering Qinghai andGansu, and the Gannan water conservation area in Gansu. In themiddlereaches, we need to focus on soil and water conservation andpollutioncontrol. Conserving soil and water does not just mean digging pits and planting trees. As the Loess Plateau has less rainfall, beforetakingaction, we should fmd out whether the land is suitable fortree-plantingand what varieties are appropriate. Where conditionspermit,more rain£ed terraces and silt trap dams should be built. In someplaces, we need to improve natural eco-restoration, reduce

th asthe FenheRiver.In the lower reaches, the YellowRiver Delta is e

lncrease biodiversity. muchsediment.The imbalance in its sediment-water ratio is the root

to re 1

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tns ne d eds water,a e water; economic development ne

The Got1m1tmre ef China 440

. th • everyday Lives.We must be keenly aware that w need water m eir .. ater . li ·t1 5 natural resource, and we should utilize the Yell is not a m1 es ' ow . . pacity permits. We must make plans for populati· River as 1ts ca . . . on . . . well as urban and mdustnal development in accordan dJstnbut10n as . ce . tl t r resources available. We must discourage unnecessa with 1e wa e . . . ry .d d develop water-savmg mdustnes and technolooi water eman s, b.es, aving in agriculture, and encourage the public to sav promote water S' . e top wasteful water consumpt10n and ensure efficie water, so as to S . nt and economical water consumpt10n. Fourth, promote high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. At the fifth meeting of the Central Commission for Finance and Economy on August 26, I emphasized the need to encourage different regions to leverage their comparative strengths and enhance the dynamics for quality development. The local governments along the Yellow River should act in keeping with local conditions, use the water and mountain resources, grow crops, and develop agriculture industry or business as conditions permit, so as to blaze a new trail of high-quality development with distinctive local features. However, in Sanjiangyuan, the Qilian Mountains and other important ecofunctional areas, priority should be placed not on industry and business, but on protection of the local ecosystem, conservation of water resources, and development of more eco-products. In the Hetao Irrigation Area in Inner Mongolia, Fenhe-Weihe River Plain and other major grain production areas, more should be done to develop modern agriculture and improve the quality of farm products, thereby contributing to national food security. Regional hub cities and other localities with better economic conditions should pursue efficient development and improve their economic and population carrying )

capacity. Poor areas should improve infrastructure and public services and ensure people's wellbeing. The Yellow River Basin should take an active part in the Belt and Road Initiative and pursue high-standard opening up to promote reform and development. Fifth, preserve, promote, and keep alive the Yellow River culture. The Yellow River culture, which is an important

part of Chinese

, 1,."G(J(Jls farE,to-Conserwtio,, andQuali!JDeve!op,,1ent of theYellow River13asi,,44l

civilization i tl1eorigin and soul of the Chinese nation. We should •

rvell1 a invaluable lega- from our ancestors. We need to explore the worth of the .ellowru--erculture in our era, promote the YellowRiver rulture, pa~~dov n O·urcultural traditions, and build stronger cultural confidence to rpa· · e the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation. ~Cl

•

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1lloGovernance of Chi,1a 536

la to the constrticttvc r

P 'Y . M tary Fund, the World Bank, the Group of 20, the I11tcrnat1ona1 one . • I d . · , . nd other 1nternat1ona an regional multiJ the European Un1on a . _ . at .. 1unity f . d work together to build a global cotnn eral mecharusms, a11 o sl1aredfuture. . to strengthen consultation and mutual und Secon d , we nee d . . er... s the trust deficit. Trust 1s the best adhesive to bt-t... stan ding to add res .. . . .u1g . ther We are seeing more compet:1t1onand fnctton and 4

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to enhance mutual trust and respect, make full

use of dialogue and consultation, and seek common ~round while shelving and reducing differences. We need to engage 1n candid and in-depth dialogue to enhance strategic mutual trust and reduce misgivings. We need to pursue the greater public good and shared interests and build global partnerships for a shared future for all countries. We also need to promote dialogue between different civilizations so as to increase mutual understanding and appreciation, and ensure that peoples of all countries have understanding, respect and trust of each other and are close to each other. In current China-EU relations ' cooperation far outweighs competition, and even such competition is benign in nature. We should trust each other and forge ahead together. 'l.hird, we need to enhance solidarity to address the peace deficit. The current global security environment is still a source of concern. Local wars and conflicts continue, and some parts of the world are plagued by terrorism, devastating the lives of many, particularly children. We should take a new approach towards security and pursue common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security. We must reject the Cold War mentality, the zero-sum game mindset, and the law of the jungle, and promote peace and security through cooperation. We should resolve disputes through peaceful means, oppose the arbitrary use or threat of force, oppose any provocation and escalation of tensions for self-interest, and reject the practice of shifting trouble onto neighbors and seeking gain at the expense of others. All countries should pursue peaceful development in a common endeavor

I

Endeavorto ShapetheFutureof Humanity

537

to achieve enduringglobal peace.

Fourth,we need to pursue mutually beneficial cooperationto address the development deficit. Economic globalizationis an engine of globalgrowth. However, a trend against globalizationis emerging, andthe harm of protectionism is all too visible. Income disparityand theimbalancein development among regions are growing.They have becomethe most pressing issues to tackle when it comes to world economic governance. We need to pursue innovation-drivendevelopmentto foster dynamic growth. We need to take a well-coordinated andinterconnectedapproach to enhance open and win-wincooperation.Weneed to uphold equity and inclusiveness to promote balanced aod inclusivedevelopment so that people across the world can all benefitfrom economic globalization. China supports efforts to carry outnecessaryreform of the WTO to make the world economymore econ · . . . · h d' tion The Belt onuc globalization to advance 10 the rig t irec · .

and •. . . · 0 eranon and mu!· • ·ev1n loba growth d . l Franceand o er an common development. China we comes countries to take part in the Belt and Road Initiative.

•

April 23, 2019

The ocean is of great significance to the survival and development of human society. It gave birth to life, connects the world, and facilitates development. It does not separate our blue planet into isolated continents; instead, it links the peoples of all countries to form a global community of shared future that remains bound together through thick and thin. Maritime peace has a bearing on the safety and interests of all countries, and thus needs to be protected and cherished by all. The Chinese people love and long for peace, and are committed to the path of peaceful development. China upholds a national defense policy that is in nature defensive, and advocates a new concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security. The Chinese armed forces have always followed the principle of win-win cooperation and been dedicated to creating a security environment of equality, mutual trust, fairness, justice, joint efforts, and shared interests. As the main maritime force of a country, the navy shoulders important responsibilities in maintaining maritirr1e peace and order. With mutual respect, equality and mutual trust, we need to strengthen maritime dialogue and exchanges, increase practical n_avalcooperation, pursue a path of maritime security based on mutual benefit and win-win results, and join hands to respond to common threats and challenges and to maintain maritime peace. Currently, cooperation in markets, technology, information and culture through maritime bonds is becoming ever closer. Precisely

*_Main point~ 0 ~ the speech at a group meeting with the heads of foreign delegations attending the mult:Inat:Ional naval events marking the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People'sLiberationArmyNavy.

538

Builda MaritimeCommunity of SharedFuture

539

forthis reason, China's initiative to build the 21st Century Maritime SilkRoadaims to promote maritime connectivity and cooperationin ,rarious fields,develop the blue economy, advancemaritimecultural integration, and jointly amplify ocean benefits. The Chinesemilitary iswillingto join other militariesin promotingmaritimeprogressand • prospenty. Weneed to care for the ocean as dearlyas we treasureour lives. Chinatakesfull part in UN mechanisms concerning maritimegovernanceandin formulatingandimplementingrelevant rules to achieve sustainablemaritirr1edevelopment goals. China highlyvaluesmarine eco-environmentalprogress, intensifies efforts to address marine pollution,protects marine biodiversity, and develops and utilizes marineresourcesin an orderly manner, so as to leave futuregenerationswith turquoise seas and blue skies. The Chinese Navywill,as •

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ian Community of Shared Future Create an As . * Through Mutual Learrung Mqy 15,2019

. Heads of State and Government, Your Exce11 enc1es . . v E 11 i·esHeads of International Orgaruzattons, 1. our xce enc Distinguished guests, Ladies and gentlemen, Friends, In this lovely season of thriving green, I am pleased that our friends from 47 Asian countries and five continents are meeting here for a discussion on deeper exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations. On behalf of the Chinese government and people, and in my own name, let me express my warmest congratulations on the opening of the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations and extend a very warm welcome to you all. -. The world today is moving towards multi-polarity and becoming more economically globalized, culturally diverse, and IT-driven. All this offers hope to humanity. In contrast, however, instability and uncertainties are mounting, and the global challenges faced by humanity are ever more daunting, calling for joint responses from all countries. To meet our common challenges and create a better future for all, we look to culture and civilization to play their roles, which are as important as the roles played by the economy, and by science and technology. The Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations is for this very purpose, as it provides a new platform for civilizations

* Keynotespeech at the opening ceremony of the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations.

540

Create a,1Asian Communiry of SharedFutureThrough Mutualuarning

541

inAsiaand beyond to engage in dialogue and exchanges on an equal

footing and facilitatemutual learning. Ladiesand gentlemen, Friends, Asiais home to one of the earliest human settlements and a majorcradle of human civilization. This vast and beautiful conti. nentcoversa third of the Earth's land mass and has two-thirds of theworld'spopulation. It has more than 1,000 ethnic groups living in47countries.For several thousand years before the Common Era, ourforefathersliving along the Tigris and the Euphrates, the Indus andthe Ganges, the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, tilled and irrigated the land, made tools and utensils, and built homes to livein. Generat:1on · after generation, our ancestors in Asia, with their · tire . less nd e~~eavors, created a time-honored history and profound a rich

tamshavenourished and enriched diverse and colorful civilizauons acrossAsia.

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