The Development of Nomadism in Ancient Northeast Africa [Reprint 2016 ed.] 9781512818543

Table of contents :
Contents
Figures and Tables
Acknowledgments
Chapter I. On the Origins of Nomadism
Chapter II. Identifying Nomads
Chapter III. The Natural and Cultural Background of the Southern Atbai
Chapter IV. Nomads in the Southern Atbai
Chapter V. Nomads in Ancient Northeast Africa
Chapter VI. Nomads on the Fringe of the Developing Pharaonic State
Chapter VII. Nomads in the Eastern Desert
Chapter VIII. Nomads on the Fringes of the Kushitic and Northern Ethiopian Kingdoms
Chapter IX. Nomads on the Southern Border of Roman Egypt
Chapter X. Conclusions
Notes
Appendices
Bibliography
Index

Citation preview

The Development of Nomadism in Ancient Northeast Africa

The Development of NOMADISM in Ancient Northeast Africa KARIM SADR

U University o f Pennsylvania Press

Philadelphia

Copyright © 1991 bv Karim Sadr ALL

RIGHTS

RESERVED

Printed in the United States of America

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Sadr, Karim. T h e development of nomadism in ancient northeast Africa / Karim Sadr. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. I S B N 0-8122-3066-* 1. Nomads—Africa, Northeast. 2. Africa, Northeast—Antiquities. 3. Africa, Northeast—Economic conditions. I. Title. GN650.S23 1991 30d

4,421 4,569 4,542 5,460 4,519 4,727 2,755 4,410

16 16 18 17 23 27 lowest >

KG 7 KG 7 KG 23a KG 23c KG 23c KG 23c KG 96 N 125

± ± ± ± ± ± ± ±

MASCA

93 68 253 130 67 154 107 90

3,163 3,351 3,319 4,372 3,283 3,544 984 3,152

cal.

BC BC BC BC BC BC BC BC

Lab no.

SMU 1156 SMU 1151 SMU 1155 SMU 1194 SMU 1188 SMU 1201 SMU 1187 Tx 445

Tabic App. 2.2. Butana Group Sites Surface

Total

Size

Depth

artifact

excavated

Site

(ha)

(cm)

density

(m>)

KG 1 KG 5 KG 7 KG 23 KG 29 KG 50 KG 56 KG 96 N 125

0.3 4.5 8.8 10.2 2.5 4.2

Gif 7 6 5 3 Gif 7654

—

—

100.0

Appendices /139 Table App. j.2. Gash Group Site Data Site no.

Size (ha)

Depth of deposits (cm)

Surface artifact density

K G 52 KG 53 KG 93 JAG 1 AG 1 AG 2 EG 1 EG 4 SEG 2 SEG 7 S E G 10 S E G 14 S E G 16 S E G 19 S E G 20 S E G 21 S E G 22 JE 2 SEG 37 S E G 39 S E G 51 S E G 55 S E G 56 SEG 59 SEG 64 S E G 65 S E G 66 K 1 K 2 K 4

1.2 0.5 1.7 12 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.7 1.9 7.6 0.2 7.2 3.0 3.9 0.5 3.0 1.7 < 1 1.5 3.1 1.8 0.5 8.5 2.6 0.4 0.3 1.0 11.0 < 1 1.8

0 0 5-10 >100 0-5 0-5 0-10 0-5 0-5 5-10 0-5 5-10 0-5 0-5 0-5 0-5 0-5 n.r. 5-10 n.r. n.r.

Medium Low Medium High Low Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Low n.r. Medium Medium Medium Low High Medium Low Medium Low High n.a. Low

—

>50 n.r 0 n.r. 0 >200

>

0

No. of artifact concentrations 2 major, few minor —

not recorded 3 very major —

not recorded 3 major, few minor 1 major few 6 major few 7 major 8 1 major not recorded 3 —

not recorded 3 few 4 —

1 major 4 3 minor 1 3 minor 1 major Burials only Among boulders

i40 /

Appendices

Table App. 3.3. Wealth of Ceramic Design Variety on Gash Group Sites with Over 30 Sherds Collected. Site no. Mahal Teglinos SEG56 JAG 1 SEG 14 SEG 7 KG 52 KG 93 SEG 19 JE 2 K7 SEG 59 SEG 64

Number of ceramic design types

Total sample of sherds collected

9 8 7 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2

36 118 38 37 31 33 30 37 58 55 36 45

Appendices /141 Appendix 4. Mokram Group Data Table App. 4.1. Mokram Group Sites Site GS 4 JAG 1 T 1 EG 2 EG 3 EG 4 SEG 1 SEG 2 SEG 4 SEG 5 SEG 7 SEG 8 SEG 14 SEG 17 SEG 18 SEG 19 SEG 27 SEG 32 SEG 40 SEG 46 SEG 47 SEG 48 SEG 50 SEG 53 SEG 54 SEG 61 K1 K2 K 10 K 19 K 20 K 27 KG 2 KG 3 KG 4 KG 6 KG 11 KG 20 KG 25

Size (ha)

Depth (cm)

1.0 8.0 1.4 0.5 1.5 0.7 0.5 1.9 1.2 0.6 7.6 0.7 7.2 1.3 0.9 3.9 3.0 0.8 2.6 1.5 1.8 1.6 0.1 3.0 0.6 4.9 4.0

10 5 5 5 5 0 5 5 0 5 5 5 5 5 5 0 0 5 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 60

>

>

6.2 2.8 2.6 1.0 0.4 3.1 0.2 0.8 0.2 3.0 3.0

5 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 10 0

>

Density Medium High Medium Medium Medium Medium Low Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Low Medium Low Low Medium Medium Medium Medium Low Medium Medium Medium High Burials Medium Medium Medium Medium Low Low Low Low Low Medium Low

Site KG 51 KG 52 KG 88 KG 97 KG 98 KG 101 KG 102 KG 108 KG 123 KG 124 KG 125 KG 128 KG 130 KG 42 KG 122 KG 43 KG 95 KG 38 KG 121 EG 1 SEG 6 SEG 52 K 18 KG 53 KG 109 AG 1 SEG 28 SEG 34 SEG 35 SEG 39 SEG 49 SEG 60 SEG 64 KG 56 KG 85 KG 86 KG 87 KG 107

Size (ha) 0.9 0.9 1.5 1.2 1.3 0.7 1.3 1.0 3.0 1.0 0.7 1.0 0.7 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.6 3.7 0.5 1.8 0.5 2.2 1.0 2.4 3.1 1.2 0.6 0.4 w LowMedium Burials Low Medium LowLow Medium Low LowLow

i42 / A p p e n d i c e s Table App. 4.1 (cont.) Late Mokram Group sites and components GS 4 SEG 9 SEG 10 SEG 12 SEG 13 SEG 14

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