The CIA's Black Ops; Covert Action, Foreign Policy, and Democracy 1573927422

Table of contents :
Acknowledgments
Introduction
A Tale of Two Operations: SUCCESS and Failure
LOOKING GLASS WAR
OPERATION PB/SUCCESS
NOTHING SUCCEEDS LIKE SUCCESS:
COVERT ACTION: WHAT THIS BOOK's ABOUT
NOTES
Part I—The Third Option
Chapter 1. Like Moths to Light:
The Attraction of Covert Action
A NEW WORLD AND A NEW ENEMY
BIPOLARITY AND THE GLOBALIZATION OF AMERICAN INTERESTS
NUCLEAR WEAPONS AND COVERT ACTION
OSS BUCCANEERS AND THE INTELLIGENCE ELITE
THE BREAKDOWN OF BIPARTISANSHIP AND COVERT ACTION
COVERT ACTION: THE SEDUCTIVE OPTION
SUBVERSION, ROLLBACK, AND COVERT ACTION
THE AGE OF CONFIDENCE
PUPPETMASTER'S DREAM: CIA IN THE FIFTIES
"LIE, CHEAT, AND STEAL": AMERICAN POLICY PAPERS
DOMESTIC POLITICS AND COVERT ACTION
THE LEADER OF THE FREE WORLD
CONCLUSIONS
NOTES
Chapter 2. The Wars That Came in from the Cold
AS AMERICAN AS APPLE PIE: BLACK OPS BEFORE THE CIA
The Shores of Tripoli
The Founding Father Goes Covert
Conclusion
COVERT ACTION IN THE COLD WAR
The Forties: From OSS to CIA
The Fifties: Heyday for the Operators
The 1960s: Icarus Falling
The 1970s: Rogue Elephants and Red Sandwiches
The 1980s: The Real Phoenix Rises
The 19908: Get Saddam!
CONCLUSIONS
NOTES
Chapter 3. Covert Action: The Black Ops Menu
WHAT COVERT ACTION IS
COVERT ACTION: THE MYRIAD WAYS
Asset Development
Political Action
Propaganda and Disinformation
Economic Warfare
Paramilitary Action
CONCLUSIONS
NOTES
Chapter 4. Making New Friends: The Coup d'Etat
OUR SONS OF BITCHES TAKE OVER
The Only Horse We've Got
Brazil!
Down Under-Handed
TAKING OVER THE GOVERNMENT: A PRIMER FOR PLOTTERS21
Coups: SOMETIMES GOOD, USUALLY BAD, ALWAYS UGLY
Every Coup Isn't One of Ours
Shooting Ourselves in the Foot
Covert Action, Successful Coups, and Backlash
The Cold War and Counterfactuals
The Philosophy of Overthrow
CONCLUSIONS
NOTES
Part II - Covert Operations Red, White, and Black
Chapter 5. Exploding Cigars, Poisoned Wet Suits, and the Body in the Buick: Assassination as Foreign Policy
JOE FROM PARIS
The Station Chief, the Scientist, and the Postman
THE MAN! N HAVANA
Getting Smoked by a Cigar
No More Mister Nice Guy
AM/LASH
HANKIES AREN'T JUST FOR SISSIES
LYING DOWN WITH DOGS
Letting the Sunshine In
ISSUES AND ASSASSINATIONS
Deniability is Critical
CIA, Assassination, and Intelligence
The Morality of Assassination
Assassination and the Law
Where Do We Get Assassins?
Off-the-Shelf: Executive Action
We Have Met the Enemy and He Is Us...
The Logic of Elimination: Or, How Assassination "Works"
Assassination: Playing the Poor Man's Game
Authorizing Assassination: No Paper, No Control
Assassination of Terrorists and Others
"We Don't Target Individuals": Nonassassination Assassinations
ASSASSINATION: A NOT-SO-SlMPLE OPTION
NOTES
Chapter 6. They Were Expendable: Covert Armies
BLEEDING THE KURDS2
HMONG MEANS "FREE"6
THE MONTAGNARDS! SONS OF THE MOUNTAINS
CONFLICTING GOALS: THE POLITICS OF TRAGEDY
VICTORY AND ITS AFTERMATH
DEFEAT
DEFEAT ISN'T ALWAYS LOSING
THE FUTURE OF "SECRET ARMIES"
THE INEVITABLE ATTRACTION
NOTES
Chapter 7. An Offer You Can't Refuse: Organized Crime and the CIA
ON THE WATERFRONT2
CONTRACT ON FIDEL
WHY TURN TO THE MOB?
YOU KNEW! WAS A SNAKE...
NOTES
Chapter 8. Just Say Yes:
Covert Action and Drug Empires
THE COLD WAR, U. S. INTELLIGENCE, AND THE FRENCH CONNECTION
COLD WAR, GOLD TRIANGLE
LAND OF A MILLION ELEPHANTS
THE GREAT GAME
COCAINE, COWBOYS, AND CONTRAS
DRUG EMPIRES: AN OFFER YOU CAN'T REFUSE?
You KNEW I WAS A SNAKE WHEN YOU PICKED ME UP... AGAIN
Is THE LEARNING CURVE FLAT?
DRUGS AND COVERT ACTION
NOTES
Chapter 9. My Heroes Have Always Been Cowboys
THE COWBOY WAY
RlP ROBERTSON: YOU COULDN'T MAKE HIM UP
"HAPPY (HO CHI MlNH) TRAILS"
BLACK OPS AND OPERATIONAL LIMITS
TO RlDE, SHOOT STRAIGHT, AND SPEAK THE TRUTH
BACK IN THE SADDLE AGAIN: COWBOY FOREIGN POLICY
THE CODE OF THE WEST
BONANZA! WHEN SPOOKS Go PRIVATE
TERRORISM 101
THE BLACK REVOLVING DOOR
CONCLUSIONS
NOTES
Chapter 10. If You're Not for Us, You're Against Us: Covert Actions at Home
BLACK OPS AND BLACK BAGS: COVERT ACTION COMES HOME
COINTELPRO Perhaps no one epitomizes the covert mentality better than J. Edgar Hoover. The number one G-man saw conspiracies everywhere, and agents under his command conducted covert wars against the enemies he identified. Perhaps nothing epitomizes his attitude toward democracy better than the phrase he used to describe himself: "Seat of Government." While this book focuses on foreign intelligence operations, it is important to keep in mind that these covert actions and the institutions and organizations that carry them out have serious domestic effects. They cannot help but become intertwined with the other domestic covert programs, even today. That is why we must, at least briefly, consider COINTELPRO. COINTELPRO is the FBI acronym for COunter INTELligence PROgram. The name of the program suggests that the purpose is to thwart the intelligence gathering of America's enemies, i. e., to catch spies and expose traitors. COIN-TELPRO was, in theory, an FBI program designed to ferret out
NO THIRD-RATE BURGLAR?
THE HUSTON PLAN
DEBATEGATE AND THE REAGAN ADMINISTRATION
THE OPERATORS COME HOME
COVERT OPERATORS, NATIONAL SECURITY, AND FREEDOM
WHERE THE LINE IS...
CONCLUSIONS
NOTES
Chapter 11. The Political Economy of Covert Action I:
The National Interest and the Corporate Interest
ASK NOT WHAT You CAN Do FOR YOUR COUNTRY...
DEFENDING THE CORPORATE INTEREST
A SYSTEM! s NOT A CONSPIRACY
CONCLUSIONS
NOTES
Chapter 12. The Political Economy of Covert Action II:
It's the Economy, Stupid!BLACK OPS AND GREEN OPS
"ECONOMIC SANCTIONS DON'T WORK"
IRAQ
COUNTERCOUP
CONTRAS, CORDOBAS, AND CREDITS
CONCLUSIONS
NOTES
Part III - Off-the-shelf
Chapter 13. Private Armies: We Shoot for Loot
HAVE GUN, WILL TRAVEL2
WHERE YOU STAND DEPENDS ON WHERE YOU SlT: SAFE HAVENS AND BLACK OPERATIONS
MISS NELLI'S BOARDING HOUSE
PRIVATE ARMY, PRIVATE WAR
COLD WAR, HOT PURSUIT
CONCLUSIONS
NOTES
Chapter 14. The Political Economy of Covert Action III:
"Off-the-Books"
WHAT "OFF-THE-BOOKS" MEANS
THE ENTERPRISE?
MONEY, GUNS, AND DRUGS: THE NUGAN HAND BANK
LOOTING THE U. S. TREASURY, PART H:
THE SAVINGS AND LOAN SCANDAL AND BLACK OPS*
"OFF-THE-BOOKS":
SECRECY, DEMOCRACY, AND BLACK OPS
Off-the-Books Operations and Foreign Affairs
OFF-THE-BOOKS OPERATIONS AND AMERICAN DEMOCRACY
CONCLUSIONS
NOTES
Part IV - Democracy, Foreign Policy, and Covert Action
Chapter 15. "Hell, Mr. President, We Are Involved!"
Covert Action, Operational Limits, and Prestige Investment
COVERT ACTION, DENIABILITY,
AND OPERATIONAL LIMITS
BREAKING THE GLASS
PRESSURE FROM WlTHIN:
FAILURE AMD EXPOSURE IN COVERT OPERATIONS
CREATING PROVOCATIONS
COMING HOME TO ROOST
THE KEY QUESTIONS
CONCLUSIONS
NOTES
Chapter 16. Innocents Abroad: Covert Action and the Advising Process
COVERT ACTION: PLAYING WITH HOUSE MONEY?
WHEN THE UMPIRE GETS TO BAT:
THE CIA AND THE COVERT ACTION ADVISING PROCESS
PRESIDENTS, POLITICIANS, AND PLANS "How could I have been so stupid? "
REINVENTING THE WHEEL, REINVENTING THE WHEEL...
CONCLUSIONS
NOTES
Chapter 17. Covert Action and Democracy
THE COVERT MENTALITY AND AMERICAN DEMOCRACY
COVERT ACTION AND THE CONSTITUTION
COVERT ACTION AND THE LAW
COVERT ACTION AND DEMOCRACY: CAREFUL BALANCE OR MORTAL COMBAT?
THE EVOLUTION OF PLAUSIBLE DENIABILITY
THE OVERSIGHT MYTH
DEMOCRACY, ACCOUNTABILITY, AND BLACK OPERATIONS
CONCLUSIONS
NOTES
Conclusions: Deja Vu All Over Again
Chapter 18. What Covert Action Accomplished
HOW CAN WE JUDGE?
JUDGING SUCCESS AND FAILURE
SUCCESS AND FAILURE: A BRIEF LEDGER
IT'S THE ECONOMY, STUPID: ONE LAST TIME
POLITICAL OUTCOMES OF COVERT ACTION
WINNING AND LOSING THE COLD WAR
POSTSCRIPT: FIGHTING FIRE WITH WATER
NOTES
Chapter 19. Meet the New Boss:
Covert Action and Foreign Policy in the Twenty-First Century
ALL THE DRAGONS AREN'T SLAIN
AGENCIES IN SEARCH OP A MISSION
THE CONTINUING APPEAL OF BLACK OPERATIONS
COVERT ACTION AND NEW WORLD ORDERS
CONCLUSIONS
NOTES
Chapter 20. Same as the Old Boss:
The Power of Covert Institutions and the End of the Cold War
Spookspeak:
A Glossary of Fun and Useful Terms
Bibliography

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