156 86 19MB
English Pages [100] Year 1984
_ALICE L. MUNCASTER & ELLEN YANOW
The @ JVWe Me
[t!
A Collection of Cats Who Sold Vksterday’s Products $5^ with 116 beautiful, full-color photographs
Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from Kahle/Austin Foundation
https://archive.org/details/catmademebuyitcoOOOOmunc
The Cat Made Me Buy It! A Collection of»/ Cats Who Sold Yesterday’s Products
written and designed by
ALICE L. MUNCASTER & ELLEN Y\NOW PHOTOGRAPHY BY CHUCK WOOD
CROWN PUBLISHERS, INC. New York
To Fancy and Ruby, our first cats, who introduced us tofnendship and inspired this book
Copyright © 1984 by Alice L. Muncaster and Ellen Yanow
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
Published by Crown Publishers, Inc., 225 Park Avenue South, New York, New York 1003 and represented in Canada by the Canadian Manda Group. CROWN is a trademark of Crown Publishers, Inc. Manufactured in Hong Kong
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Muncaster, Alice L. The cat made me buy it!
1. Cats in advertising—History. II. Wood, Chuck. HF5827.M86
1984
I. Yanow, Ellen.
III. Title.
659.l'96368'009
ISBN 0-517-55338-4
10
9
8
84-4241
The Cats Who Sold Yesterday’s Products e’d like to ask you a question: Do
products, too. According to advertising people,
you think a cat could make you
getting noticed is the first step toward making
buy a pair of shoes? What about a
a sale to the customer, so the cat played a very
box of chocolates—or a
important part in the success of these ads.
magazine? Unless you believe cats have some
But why a cat? Cats were probably first
sort of magical power over people, your
added to advertising as one of many different
answer may be “not very likely.” But we’d like
illustrations used to attract the eye of potential
to introduce you to some very special cats who
buyers. Over the years, advertisers
mav convince Jyou otherwise. J
experimented with all sorts of ways to get
They are the cats who sold yesterday’s products—four-looted salesmen who appeared in advertising as much as a hundred years ago.
people’s attention. The cat just happened to work better than a lot of other ideas. Todav, that feline appeal is an accepted
Their purpose was to influence consumer
truth, verified by consumer researchers. An ad
behavior—in short, to persuade people to buy
is more likely to be noticed if it contains a
the products they represented.
likeness of a cat than if it features many other
As unusual as it may sound, the cat was
images; in test situations, people look first at
very effective in this role. Cats are excellent
pictures of adults and children, then at
attention-getters—and as people noticed the
pictures of animals such as cats.
cats in these advertisements, they noticed the
Cats also have a long history of friendship
The cat in the Kitty Kat shoes symbol comes to life in this beautifully illustrated advertising postcard. The James C'lark Leather Company made a series of interesting cards for its dealers to send to customers. The cards were also offered as a collector’s set, for just a postage charge of two cents. The St. Louis, Missouri, company was founded in 1896 and also made leatherworking tools and shoe store supplies and fixtures for several decades.
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with mankind—a fact frequently dramatized
breakthroughs in the printing industry
by the presence ot cats in art and literature. So
occurred during this time, including the first
it is not unusual to find kittens and cats in
mechanical typesetting, faster printing presses,
advertising, especially when you consider that
and high-quality color lithography. Almost
advertising, like art and literature, reflects the
overnight this changed the way people learned
life-style of the times, including people, home
about products. At the same time, improved
life, work, play, and even pets.
transportation, provided mainly by the rapidly
The cats you are about to meet all date
developing railroads, brought products from far
from the late 1800s through the 1950s. This
away to virtually every American consumer. So
was a time when the printed word was the
companies large and small began to advertise
main form of communication in America—
profusely—providing for the first time in
well before electronic media rose to the great
history an opportunity for cats to be widely
importance they have today. It was also the
seen in advertising—and they were
time when advertising was characterized by
immediately used to help sell products as
artists’ illustrations rather than photography.
diverse as thread, foods, soap, cigars, and
The advertising you will see from before the turn of the century is from the beginning of
games. Into the twentieth century, cats remained
the “modern” age of advertising—an era that
enormously popular, often being featured in
provided us with some of the loveliest
large, beautiful advertising illustrations, more
examples of advertising cats. We chose this
likely than not in full color. As new industries
starting point because technological
and businesses flourished, so did the use of the
Mavis advertisements were familiar to readers of 1920s’ women’s magazines. This one for Mavis Talc appeared in Ladies’ Home Journal in July 1923. The drawing is one of a series by popular illustrators commissioned by the Vivaudou Company for use in its advertising. The company also created “Mavis, the Irresistible Waltz” in 1920 and offered it to the public as sheet music, a phonograph record, or a player piano roll. Mavis Talc is still produced today, as one of the many toiletries made by The Nestle-LeMur Company.
Packers in cigar factories put an outer label on the end of each filled cigar box. This unusual oval end label was designed in 1909 by W. C. Smith of Windsor, Pennsylvania. Its border appears to have a finish of thinly applied gold (gold leaf), but skilled printers who specialized in early lithographed labels could achieve this effect by mixing less-expensive bronze powder into printing ink.
5
Kittens had a double purpose on this 1895 calendar. They were cute enough to please Victorian ladies, w ho saved colorful printed keepsakes, and they illustrated a play on the word catarrh—a catchphrase lor many types of respiratory infections of this era, supposedly GATS ARE NICE
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due to an “impure condition ol the blood.” Colman’s
\
But Cat-arrh iSn’t \J nice and any one who has it M4J should use
COLMAN’S EMOLLIENT
Emollient was a patent medicine promoted as relieving irritation of the throat and lungs. It was one ol many products made by the Colman family, prominent in Kalamazoo, Michigan, from the late 1840s to the late
Jf\NUf\RY 1895
1930s.
23 24 25
cat in advertising—as they promoted inventive
sold their work anonymously—just as most
products, such as mass-produced clothing and
advertising artists and writers do today—to
even automotive supplies.
manufacturers, retailers, advertising agencies,
Of course, the cat was more important to
and printing companies. Even when designs
the success of some products than to others
were copyrighted, they were almost never
along the way. Some companies may have
registered by the artist.
produced only a single advertisement featuring
So the truth may never be known. J
a cat. Others, however, firmly linked their
Unfortunately, it is not possible to ask the
corporate identity to the cat—giving cat-
illustrators or their descendants if the cats
related names to their products, or even to the
were fashioned after live models that may have
entire companv.
pranced around the artists’ drawing boards.
On the pages ahead, you’ll find advertising
But, as anvone who has ever lived with a cat
for Kaliko Kat shoes, Tabby cigars, Tom Cat
will agree, it is very difficult to capture the
oranges, Black Cat hosiery, and White Cat
beauty and grace of the feline—in art or in
underwear, to name a few examples. And some
words—without the intimate knowledge and
corporate relationships with cats were even
understanding that come from close personal
immortalized by product trademarks—with an
contact with a cat. So we suspect that many of
image of a cat sometimes stamped onto or
the artists simply glanced across their studios
sewn into the goods themselves.
to view the inspiration for their illustrations.
As you become better acquainted with our
As you will soon see, the cat appeared in
beautiful persuaders, you may wonder if any ol
many different promotional forms, and
them had real-life counterparts. We had hoped
especially during the years represented in this
so but, as we searched to discover the story
book—when television and radio were not yet
behind each cat, we found the answer elusive.
available to everyone—advertisers found manv
Many companies today do not have
creative ways to reach the public with their
information about their early advertising.
product messages. We have included selections
Some, sadly, have lost irreplaceable records in
from each of the following categories:
transitions and disasters; other companies are no longer in existence. And the artists, for the
Magazine advertisements
most part, are also untraceable. They usuallv
an important medium seventy-five to a
6
The magazine was
John t\alzer £>eed(? La Crosse,Wisconsin.
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Illustrations of flowers or vegetables could always be found on the covers of old seed catalogs, but this 1893 cover was unusual because a child and a cat were also featured. John Salzer carefully carried supplies of his favorite seeds with him when he immigrated to America from Germany. His seed business, begun as a hobby in 1868, grew into a thriving mail-order firm through diligent advertising. Salzer died in 1891, and his heirs guided the company into the twentieth centurv. The company went out of business in the 1950s.
7
Boxes, bottles, jars, and other
hundred years ago, to advertisers and the
Packaging
public alike. To be seen by the rapidly
types of product packages have provided
expanding population of the late 1800s
companies yet another opportunity to
and early 1900s, companies selected
advertise, or catch the shopper’s attention,
popular magazines of the day with
year after year. At the point of sale, an
circulations that were national in scope.
appealing design on the package or
Cats were used to interest many distinct
label—one made familiar by
audiences. Our examples are from
advertising—could help a customer
magazines for women, men, and children.
decide which brand to purchase.
Signs and posters
Companies that used
Premiums and giveaways
Another effective
cats in advertising often extended the
promotional tactic teamed up with cats
theme to other promotional formats.
has been the use of premiums. Companies
Included here are large signs and posters,
gave consumers a wide variety of
designed for use in store windows, on
complimentary merchandise over the
walls, or outdoors, as well as smaller
years—imprinted with product or sales
counter-top displays. They might have
messages—to keep an advertising
been seen at department stores in large
reminder constantly in the consumer’s
cities or at general stores and country
view. Calendars, metal trays, lapel pins,
stores in small-town and rural America.
mirrors, and ink blotters were but a few
Some were made for specialty outlets,
of the many popular premiums on which
such as tobacco or fabric shops.
cats made appearances.
Advertising trade cards
Shoppers at stores
Magazine covers
Cats were featured on
in the 1880s and 1890s usually took home
numerous magazine covers since before
at least one advertising trade card for their
the turn of the century. They could catch
collections. These colorfully printed cards
the eye of the passerby w ith their
with illustrations of flowers, children,
interesting and unusual poses, and this
animals (including cats), and products in
helped a customer decide which magazine
use were extremely popular advertising
to buy—the one with the cat on the
devices for manufacturers and retailers.
cover, of course.
The cards evolved (and took their name) from the tradesman’s cards of the
Sheet music
The cat’s popularity also
eighteenth century, which described
extended into the music of the 1800s and
craftsmen’s occupations and services.
early 1900s. Music publishers promoted
Victorian women and children avidly
many songs and melodies with illustrations
collected advertising cards, which put
of cats on the covers of sheet music.
beautifully colored pictures in the hands of the general public for the first time. By
All of the items photographed for this book
1900, however, the novelty of advertising
reside permanently in our two private
cards had worn off, and they virtually
collections. Many are extremelv rare; some are
disappeared from use. Another type of
one-of-a-kind. They have never before been
card, the advertising postcard, was mailed
assembled for public display.
in later years by companies and salesmen
These charming creatures were awaiting
to retailers and customers alike. We have
discovery for as long as a century in
shown examples from the early 1900s.
basements, attics, garages, warehouses, and hie
8
drawers across America. We discovered them
With each new discovery, we become more
one by one—along with hundreds of others—
convinced of the cat’s interesting role in
in searches that began over a decade ago.
advertising—a role that has not been formally
Perhaps our first finds were purely by chance,
acknowledged until now. We hope you will
but our continuing search is more a passion—
enjoy meeting these cats who sold yesterday’s
one we can explain only as “the cats make us
products and captured our hearts. We find
buy them!”
them just too beautiful not to be shared.
BRAND
NORTHWEST
C.C.SMITH FRUIT CO YAKIMA and WENATCHEE WASHINGTON, u.S.A.
CONTENTS ONE U.S.BUSHEL BY VOLUME
From the 1880s until about 1950, fruit was shipped from grower to grocer in wooden crates. Colorful labels identified the brands and types of fruit inside, such as this one for Persian brand apples, from the 1930s. The lithographers who designed and produced these outstanding labels used thousands of different illustrations, including people, scenery, and animals. The C. C. Smith Fruit Company of Yakima and Wenatchee, Washington, first used the “Persian” name in 1928. This label’s background color designated fancygrade fruit; blue was used for extra fancy, and green or white for good grades. This delightful brand of apples is, unfortunately, no longer produced.
9
ats were popular as illustrations
trendy musical selections and dance fads were
on colorful sheet music published
teamed up with the cat—such as “The Black
from around the turn of the
Cat Bag” and “Pussyfoot Fox Trot.”
century through the 1920s. From
Cat illustrations were so graphically different
ragtime tunes to jazz, cats walked, stalked,
from the usual cover themes that they stood
pranced, posed, and serenaded each other on
out in the crowd—they were easy to notice in
the covers of hundreds of song sheets.
the music store and on the pages of mail-order
It was a time when people turned mostly to
music catalogs. Being seen, of course, was the
music for entertainment. In 1900 the
first step toward making a sale, so sometimes
automobile was still a relatively new invention,
publishers even put cats on the covers of song
but millions of people owned pianos. Playing
sheets that had nothing to do with cats.
the parlor piano became a popular national
By the 1930s, however, things had changed.
pastime. By 1920 America had been through a
When the movies learned to talk, they created
devastating World War, but radio was still in
a new mood for the nation. Musical
its infancy as an entertainer. Traveling minstrel
extravaganzas filled theater screens. The sheet
and vaudeville shows were in vogue, combining
music industry followed the trend, and during
comedy acts with the newest songs of the day.
the 1930s and ’40s song sheets from the
Sheet music sales flourished.
movies flourished. Many covers featured scenes
Love songs were the favorites, along with
from motion pictures or photos of movie stars.
patriotic songs during the war years—but
But sales declined anyway, as people paid more
many songs were written about cats. Some
attention to the radio or phonograph than to
were tributes to loved pets. Some were
making their own music.
melodies that tried to capture the grace of
Today, the “cat songs” are gone, but the
feline movement. There were a number of
lavishly illustrated sheet music lingers on as a
vaudeville-style comedy spoofs, and even
cherished memento of another time.
Paper cat faces from the 1930s open up to reveal mirrors that tuck away in a pocket or purse. Such novelty items were usually produced by a printing firm or advertising specialty company and sold as a customer giveaway item to many different businesses—custom-imprinted with an advertising message. The mirror on the left advertised an optometrist’s services; the one on the right promoted a beauty salon.
\
Serenading cats have inspired many popular songs and interesting sheet music covers. When this sheet music was published in 1919, comedy songs were the rage. The “ME-OW Song” tells the story of a cat named Angora and his noisy nighttime antics.
Alnsic Jyy
Words Jyy
EUROPEAN REPRESENTATIVES. BOSWOIITH f-CO I.ONIWN
he cigar in America was never
Cigar companies commissioned artists to
more popular than in Victorian
design special box labels and also purchased
times. By the 1880s, almost
blank labels from printers on which their
twenty thousand brands were
brand names could be imprinted. In both
being produced in the United States. In almost
cases, beautiful labels resulted—with scenes
every town, a smoker had hundreds of choices
and titles as diverse as the pastimes and
available—many made in small local factories.
pleasures of the people who created them.
With the passing of legislation in 1865
Beautiful women were popular subjects, as
requiring cigars to be packaged for easier tax
were sports, famous people, American scenes,
calculation, boxes began to line the shelves of
home life, buildings, gambling, plants, and
tobacco shops. This sparked manufacturers to
animals.
start using the end panel and the inside of the lid for brand identification and advertising
Cats were pictured in a variety of designs, probably because cats were part of the Victorian household, and because—with their natural beautv and grace—they made interesting artistic subjects. Cigar boxes that have survived the years were often those that were saved for storing household items. Boxes featuring cats undoubtedly appealed to Victorian women and children—and these boxes were likely to be treasured and kept around the home so that the pictures on the labels could be enjoved again and again.
Three varieties of wooden cigar boxes with a feline theme: “CATS,” a Victorian scene, by Brener Brothers, London, Ontario, Canada, from the turn of the century; “Old Tom,” ca. 1900, which used the name of a type of sweetened gin popular in Victorian times; Some cigars were packaged as
and “Pussy,” ca. 1910-16, a classic white cat
pairs, held together with a large
introduced in 1908 by K. H. Jacobs of Windsor,
cigar band, such as this “Two
Pennsylvania. These cigar boxes were made to hold
Toms” wrapper.
small cigars.
12
Artistic variety and brilliant chromolithography characterize many old cigar box labels. These examples are of the type affixed to the inside lid of a cigar box when the box was manufactured. The sophisticated “TABBY” is an 1894 design from the H. Traiser Company, a Boston distributor. The intense rivals on the “ME-OW” label were designed by Austin-Nichols & Company, New York City, in 1886. The “WhiteCat” label is one of several styles with this title produced between 1888 and 1908.
H.TRAISEPCO. DIST.
BOSTON MASS. REGISTER L D
14
APR
17, 1694
15
Coca-Cola had already been quenching thirst for thirty-eight years when this advertisement appeared in popular women’s magazines in 1924. It creatively adapted a line from the writings of William Shakespeare: “One touch of nature makes the whole world kin.” Coca-Cola syrup was concocted in 1886 by Dr. John Styth Pemberton, an Atlanta pharmacist— supposedly in a pot in his backyard. That year, sales averaged thirteen glasses a day at a local soda fountain. Kaliko Kat Shoes from the International Shoe Co., St. Louis, had a stylized calico cat trademark. This celluloid advertising pin from the mid1920s could be worn on a collar or lapel. Another popular promotional item given away at shoe stores during this time was a tin clicker (noisemaker) on which the “Kaliko Kat” had been lithographed.
16
In 1889 the company began to advertise, and throughout the years since then it has consistently devoted large sums of money to advertising and promotion. Today, people around the world consume over eight billion gallons of Coke every year. The familiar bottle on the table was first used in 1916.
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This beautiful advertisement appeared in Ladies’ Home Journal in December 1918. It was one of a series from the Allen B. Wrisley Company of Chicago that linked beauty and Olivilo Soap with popular folklore; another in the campaign featured the Bluebird of Happiness. The Olivilo name indicated that olive oil, a moisturizing agent, was one of its ingredients. In 1961, the Wrisley Company became part of Purex Corporation. Olivilo is no longer produced.
The Bon Ami Company frequently used cats in turn-of-the-century advertising to illustrate its famous “Can’t Scratch” theme. The product that is so well known today almost escaped discovery a century ago. Purely by accident, a New England soapmaker—John T. Robertson—discovered that feldspar (Bon Ami’s main ingredient) could polish various surfaces. He was shoveling feldspar waste—which is a byproduct of quartz created in the soap-making process—when he noticed his old shovel had become shiny. He followed a friend’s suggestion and gave the new discovery a fancy-sounding French name in 1886. Bon Ami is still produced; it is now a product of the Faultless Starch Company.
64
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Fate Cannot Harm You
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If you safeguard your skin with this
Perfect Toilet Soap ^ •'
One of the fine, every-day things of life. You will delight in its use for
Complexion, Bath and Hair p-
WRISLEV'S SAN-TCY
TALCUM *4/rapranl
"Couldn't Be Better if It Cost a Dollar a Cake”
KSw
ALLEN B. WRISLEY CO. Chicago
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Superstitions of Nations Superstitions tire as old ns nations. One. of the earliest of American supersti¬ tions is that sumiendmg the bind cat. Hie black cat cross¬ ing your path is an HI omen, but the black cut coming to live with you has ever been accepted as a harbinger 'ilfelSM..
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Before the B. F. Goodrich Company made automobile tires, it made other rubber products, including hre hoses, bicycle tires, and boots. This seventeen-inch-wide paper advertising sign from around 1920 humorously demonstrated that with Goodrich rubbers even cats—notorious for their dislike of water—could stay happy and dry in the rain. The sign was used inside shops or on dealers’ windows. Goodrich, of course, still produces tires, but not the rubbers.
Nursery rhymes provided the theme for a 1923 magazine advertising campaign for Rogers Silverplate flatware. In this example, which appeared in Ladies’ Home Journal, Rogers’s durable tableware was said to survive like a cat—through the legendary nine lives. The Wm. Rogers & Son trademark dates back to 1866; in 1898 the Connecticut company became part of the International Silver Company, which is still in business.
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outlast this silvern!ate."
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’HE cat gained its widespread reputation for many lives JL by demonstrating that it could withstand hard knocks. Wm. Rogers & Son silverplate has built up a reputation for long and constant wear by more than 50 years of satisfactory service. Now, added to that reputation is the unlimited guarantee that goes with each piece of Wm. Rogers & Son silverplate. Therefore, when you wish to buy silverplate either for a present or your own use, ask your dealer for Wm. Rogers &, Son ware.
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Medium Knives (Htll.w )Mb)
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Medium Knive* ’ ". Both companies are still producing games in the New England towns of their founding.
78
The cat on this two-foot-high metal sign is standing on a Rex Flintkote roof made by the J. A. & W. Bird & Co. of Boston. Rex Flintkote Roofing was produced in prerolled, ready-to-use sheets. Advertising from 1905 to 1908 said Flintkote Roofing was easier to install than any other type of roofing. Its durable wool-felt construction was described as better than tin or combination tar-and-gravel roofs because it was “absolutely resistant” to fire, water, snow, heat, cold, and wear. The boy in the trademark is shown holding a roll of the roofing. The cat design also appeared on celluloid pin-back advertising buttons given away to dealers who carried the brand and to their customers. The modern Flintkote Company, successor to the Bird Company, produces building supplies.
79
LePage’s Glue has been made for over a hundred years. The cartoon scene on the box label below shows how cats helped “demonstrate” the product in early advertising. The box is from the mid-1880s, when the Russia Cement Company of Gloucester, Massachusetts, produced the glue. Paper labels inside describe medals of excellence awarded the product in international competition, and say it was proclaimed “the strongest adhesive known” at a German exhibition in 1880. Today, LePage’s Glue is made by LePage’s Incorporated, owned by the Papercraft Corporation.
“Kitten on the Keys” was a novelty piano solo published in 1921. Its fast, intricate melody was produced on player piano rolls and phonograph records as well as sheet music. Words were added in 1922, proclaiming that “Anybody listenin’ can’t help whistlin’ ‘Kitten on the Keys.’ ” The song proved to be quite popular, and its success was the high point in composer Edward “Zez” Confrey’s career.
80
BLACfW CAT^ , TROL
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T3. H. JANSSEN NEW YORK Published by
T.B. HARMS ,
S> C? 18 East 22nd St,
LONDON
FRANCIS, PAY 6 HUNTER. IWOwomi&r. '
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With a little imagination, the troupe of cats on the cover of the “Black Cat Patrol” sheet music would almost spring to life as the brisk melody was played. The music was published in 1896.
81
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Send for this handy Corticeili Sewing Stand to hold eight Spools
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he Corticelli Kitten is one of the
Sewing was on the upswing, and women loved
most interesting examples of cats
the kitten. They showed it by buying Corticelli
in advertising. The Belding
products—including silk sewing thread;
Heminway Company, Inc.—
embroidery, crochet, and tatting thread; purse
makers of Corticelli silk, cotton, and synthetic
“twist”; and silk fabric—in such numbers that
sewing threads—ow ns the group of playful
the company became an industry leader. In
feline designs, which has played an important
1922, the company officially became the
role in promoting the Corticelli name since the
Corticelli Silk Company to take advantage of
turn of the century.
the phenomenal consumer recognition of the
Corticelli actually dates back to 1832, when
Corticelli name.
the Northampton Silk Company was founded
In addition to magazine advertising, the
in Massachusetts. Thirteen years later, Samuel
kitten design appeared on signs, packages and
Hill purchased the business and renamed it
spools of thread, store display cabinets, labels,
The Nonotuck Silk Company. Then, as now,
instruction booklets showing howr to make
certain imports were considered status
fashionable clothing and accessories with
symbols. Italy was known for its silk, so Hill
Corticelli products, and countless advertising
capitalized upon this foreign mystique by
items given free to customers.
creating an Italian-sounding brand name for the Nonotuck products: Corticelli. Kittens were introduced into Corticelli
In 1911, a prominent artist, Ben Austrian, immortalized the kitten on canvas; a facsimile of his oil painting hangs in the Belding
advertising around 1900. In fact, “kitten ads”
Heminway corporate headquarters in New York
could be found in almost every popular
today. (The original painting disappeared some
women’s magazine of the day for the first
years ago and, despite an all-out search, was
couple of decades of the twentieth century.
never recovered.)
Left: This full-page advertisement for Corticelli silk thread was one of the most colorful—and beautiful— ads found in women’s magazines in 1912. Right: The kitten painted by Ben Austrian was reproduced on this advertising postcard, sent to customers by shops carrying the Corticelli brand, around 1913. The use of cats on the back showed exceptional design creativity.
83
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Highest Award AT ALL EXPOSITIONS There is
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Everybody knows “Corticelli” i9 the best silk for sew¬ ing, stitching, crocheting, art needlework, Mountmcllick and Hardangcr embroidery. Send 4c. in stamps for our booklet, “Lessons in Embroidery.” Address Corticelli Silk Mills, 77 Nonotuck St., Florence, Mass.
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