The Activated Sludge Process: Methods and Recent Developments 1536152021, 9781536152029

Table of contents :
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1
Pretreatment of Waste Activated Sludge Based on Pulsed Electric Field and Corona Discharge Techniques
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Experimental Setup
2.1. High Voltage Pulse Generator Design and Test Vessel for the PEF Pretreatment
2.2. Electrode Arrangement and Power Sources Used for Corona Discharge Pretreatment
2.3. Characterization of the WAS Pretreatment Performance
2.3.1. Coloring by Trypan Blue Solution
2.3.2. Measurement of Released Organic Matter Content
2.3.3. Other Characterization Methods for WAS Pretreatment
2.4. Test Procedure for the WAS Pretreatment
3. Test Results and Discussion
3.1. Pretreatment of the WAS with the PEF
3.2. Pretreatment of the WAS with the Corona Discharge Method
3.2.1. Comparison of WAS Pretreatment Performance between DC and High Frequency AC Voltages Induced Corona Discharge
3.2.2. Effects of Treating Temperature and Treating Time on the WAS Pretreatment Performance with DC Corona Discharge
3.3. WAS Pretreatment with PEF-Corona Discharge Combined Method
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Biographical Sketches
Chapter 2
Molecular Methods to Study the Microbial Phenomena of Bulking, Foaming, and Zoogleal Bulking in Activated Sludge
Abstract
Introduction
Methods
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
PCR and Cloning
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH)
High-Throughput Sequencing
References
Chapter 3
A Macrokinetic Use of the Monod Model in Biological Wastewater Treatment
Abstract
Outline
The Monod Model and Its Use in Biological Wastewater Treatment Modelling
A Unified View of Growth Processes in Biological Wastewater Treatment
Why Think and Model Biofilms in Layers?
A Quality Assessment of Zero-Dimensional Models for Biological Wastewater Treatment
Future Directions
References
Chapter 4
The Effect of Combined Microwave and Hydrogen Peroxide Pretreatment on Sludge Characteristics and Oxidation Status of Waste Activated Sludge
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Waste Activated Sludge Samples
Analytical Methods
Reactive Oxygen Species Quantification
Microwave Treatment
Oxidant Treatment
EPS Fraction Extraction
Results and Discussion
Effect of Microwave Power Intensity, Density and Time on Sludge Solubilisation
Effect of Combined Pre-Treatment in Sludge Solubilisation
Effect of Pre-Treatment in Biopolymer Solubilisation
Effect of Pre-Treatment on Oxidative Stress of Sludge
Effect of Pre-Treatment in Settleability
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 5
The Effect of Toxic Carbon Sources on the Reaction Process of Activated Sludge
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Components of EPS, SMP and XSTO for Activated Sludge
2.1. Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS)
2.2. Soluble Microbial Products (SMP)
2.3. Intracellular Storage Products (XSTO)
3. Analyses of EPS, SMP and XSTO
3.1. EPS Measurements
3.2. SMP Measurements
3.3. XSTO Measurements
4. SMP Production Characteristics on Toxic Conditions
5. Variations of EPS, SMP and XSTO with Toxic/Nontoxic Carbons
5.1. Experimental Study
5.2. Modeling Reaction of the Activated Sludge
5.3. The Effect of Toxic Carbon Source on the Reaction of Activated Sludge
References
Chapter 6
The Effects of Combined Growth of Biogenic and Xenobiotic Substrates on Degradation of Xenobiotic by Activated Sludge
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Suspended Solid (SS) Measurements
2.2. Experimental Method to Obtain Acclimated Activated Sludge
2.3. Experimental Methods with (Sugar) Sucrose and Peptone
2.4. 2,4-D Degradation Rate Calculation
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Effects of Different Sugar Concentrations on 2,4-D Degradation Rate
3.2. Effects of Different Peptone Concentrations on 2,4-D Degradation Rate
3.3. Effects of Combined Auxiliary Substrates on 2,4-D Degradation Rate
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Index
Blank Page

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