Sacred Names, Saints, Martyrs and Church Officials in the Greek Inscriptions and Papyri Pertaining to the Christian Church of Palestine

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Sacred Names, Saints, Martyrs and Church Officials in the Greek Inscriptions and Papyri Pertaining to the Christian Church of Palestine

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Yiannis E. Meimaris

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t:

KENTPON EAAHNIKH1: KAI PQMAi'KH1: APXAIOTHT01: E0NIKON

I~PYMA

EPEYNQN

RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GREEK AND ROMAN ANTIQUITY THE NATIONAL HELLENIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION

YIANNIS E. MEIMARIS

· SACRED NAMES, SAINTS, MARTYRS · AND.-·CHURCH OFFICIALS IN THE GREEK INSCRIPTIONS AND PAPYRI PERTAINING TO THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH OF PALESTINE

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Al'HENS 1986 STRIBUnON BY DE BOCCARD - 11 , "".E OE MEDICIS, 75006 PARIS

YIANNIS E. MEIMARIS KENTPON EAAHNIKHE KAI P.QMA'iKHE APXAIOTHTm: E0NIKON l.::\PYMA EPEYNQN

RESEARCH CENTRE FOR GREEK AND ROMAN ANTIQUITY THE NATIONAL HELLENIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION .

MEAETHMATA

.SACRED NAMES, SAINTS, MARTYRS AND CHURCH OFFICIALS IN THE GREEK INSCRIPTIONS AND PAPYRI . . PERTAINING TO THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH OF PALESTINE

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DISTRIBUTION BY DE BOCCARD - 11, RUE DE MEDICIS, 75006 PARIS

ATHENS 1986

CONTENTS Contents ........................................................... IX-XIV Abbreviations and References ..................................... XV-XVIII XIX Preface ................................. " ........... ·. . . . . . . . . . . .

Introduction .................. : ......•........................ Part I:

This work has been completed within the project 'Palestine' incorporating all Greek inscriptions from the area, undertaken by the Centre for . Greek and Roman Antiquity of the National Hellenic Research Foundation. This is based on the thesis submitted by the aµthor for the degree 'Doctorof Philosophy' to the Senate of Hebrew University, Jerusalem, in 1976.

AN OUTLINE HISTORY OF THE EARLY CHURCH IN PALESTINE, ITS STRUGGLES FOR INDEPENDENCE AND ITS ADMINISTRATIVE AND GEOGRAPHICAL BOUNDARIES AFTER A.D. 451

The recognition of Christianity as the official religion of the Empire and the consequent imp.erial interest focused on Jerusalem, favouring the leadership role of the Bishop of Aelia (Jerusalem) over thatofCaesarea Macari us, Bishop of Aelia (Jerusalem) and his achievements . . . . . . . . . Acacius, the Metropolitan of Caesarea, banished. the Bishop of Jerusalem, Cyrillus ......................................·............ Cyrillus, Bishop of Jerusalem and his achievements over Caesarea . . . . Joannes and Eulogius, Metropolitans of Caesarea, applied their ecclesiasticaJ jurisdiction over the Bishopric of Jerusalem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The weakening of Caesarea, the creation of two more metropoles and the strengthening of Jerusalem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Juvcnalius, Bishop and first Patriarch of Jerusalem, A.O. 422-458..... Juvcnalius and the Third Oecumenical Council . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Council of Ephesus II, A.O. 449.............................. Juvcnalius in the Fourth Oecumenical Council ofChalcedon in A.O. 451 Summary Part II:

ORIGIN OF THE SACRED WORD HOLY, Anoe, AND ITS USE IN THE' GREEK INSCRIPTIONS OF THE BYZANTINE PERIOD EXTANT IN PALESTINE ...... .

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XI

x "Ayto I crou 1tpE/1tt ayia.aµa I K(upt)e ei~ µaK/ p6tl')ta I i)µe/ pro/v It is a quotation from the Old Testament (see Psalms 63:5). Dept. of Antiq. Files 3; Bibi. M.J. Lagrange, RB 4 (1895), p. 625 f. Beersheba, marble inscription, · Vth Century A.O. t AYTH H TIY AH TOY KY L\IKAIOI I EICEAEYCWNT AI EN AYTH/ ... t m'.5tf1 li 1tUATJ tou K(upio )u BiKatOt I eicreA.eucrrovtm &v autft/ ... Bibi. H. Vincent, RB N.S. 4 (1907), pp. 607-11; TI. Aou~apt, NE 3 (1906), pp. 24 7-249 and M. Spyridonides, PEF QSt 1907, pp. 13 7-9. Beersheba, stone inscription, Byzantine period Q:POCOPA OY 0 KC TO ONOMA / ... Ilpocrcpopci oo 6 K(upto~ t6 ovoµa. / ... Bibi. A. Alt, 'Die neuen Inschriften aus der Palastina Tertia,' ZDPV 46(1923), p. 57, No. 3. Be/ah (Bala), tomb inscription: Byzantine period EiC 0E/OC MO/NOC I XMr E~ 0&/6~ µ6/vo~ I X(ptcrt6~) M(a.pia~) r(6wa). Bibi. B. Bagatti, Antichi villaggi cristiani di Samaria, Gerusalemme 1979, p. '~b

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139

140

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33 Bethlehem, mosaic inscription, IV-Vlth Century A:D. . ANYSATE MOI TIY AAC I AIKAIOCYNHC EICEA/0WN EN AYT AIC ESO/MOAOrHCOMAI TW KW I AYTH H TIY AH TOY KY MKAIOI EICEAEY/CONT AI EN AYTH XXAXWXX/. aw~ate µot 7tUA.m; I ... t~o/µoA.oyi)aoµat tc\> K(up{)q> I a\5tl1 iJ nuA.~ tou K(upio )o OtKatot EiaEA.EMCJOV'tat tv autfl/ ... It is a quotation from the Old Testament (see Ps. 117:· 19-20) Bibi. M.J. Lagrange, RB 4 (1895), p. 625f.

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Beth Shean, the House of Leontis, mosaic inscription No. 2, Byzantine period KE ),lO AEONTI/OY ... K(upt)E ~o(i)0st) Asovti/ou ... Bibi. N. Zori, IE..116, 2 (1966), pp. 123-134.

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Beth Shean, Synagogue, mosaic inscription, Byzantine period TI WN KC r /INOCKI TA I ONO MATI A ... TI(poa}cp(op I ciµi)v ... Ps. 120:8 Dept. of Antiq. Files, No. 168. 170 Khtrbet Khureisa, lintel, stone inscription, Byzantine period .AYTH H TIYI AH TOY KYP/IOY L\IKAl(O)I EICEAEYC(O) / .. .ni>tT) i] ntS/A.11 tou Kup/iou BiKat(o )t &io&A.&uo(o) I ... Ps. 117:20. Bibi. E.R. Conder- H.H. Kitchener, The Survey of Western Palestine, Memoirs III, 1883, pp. 356-7. 171 Kissufim, mosaic inscription, A.D. 578 KC Y A.. ./ THN KAPTIO ... K(upto )c;