Restoring the Temple of Vision: Cabalistic Freemasonry and Stuart Culture 9004124896, 9789004124899

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Restoring the Temple of Vision: Cabalistic Freemasonry and Stuart Culture
 9004124896, 9789004124899

Table of contents :
Introduction
1 Visualizing the Temple: From Jewish Architectural Mysticism to Gothic Masonry (965 B.C. to 1314 A.D.)
2 Rebuilding the Temple in the North: From Solomonic Mysticism to Scottish Masonry (1128-1513)
3. Reformation or Deformation? Masonry versus the “Knocking Jacks of the North” (1513–1568)
4. James VI, “Scotland’s Solomon”: The Making of a “Mason King” (1567–1603)
5. “Great Britain’s Solomon”: Rebuilding the Temple in the South (1603–1616)
6. “The Judgement of Solomon”: The Unfinished Temple of Peace and Concord (1616–1625)
7. Rosicrucian Vision and the Mason Word: To Build or Break Bridges Across Religious Divides? (1625–1640)
8. “Our Hieroglyphic King” and Civil War: Eikon Basilike versus Eikonoklastes (1641–1655)
9. “The Theatre of Hieroglyphics”: Masons and Jews Behind the Scenes of the Restoration (1655–1664)
10. “The Pleasant Theatre of Naturall Things”: Rosicrucianism, Freemasonry, and the Royal Society (1660–1673)
11. From Restoration to Revolution: Masonic Architects of Tolerance or Tyranny? (1664–1685)
12. James VII and II and the Masonic Diaspora: The Ruined Temple and the Flight of Knights (1685–1695)

Bibliography
Index

Citation preview

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RESTOR.ll\"G T HE TEMPLE OF VISION

BRILL'S STUDIES IN INTELLECTUAL HISTORY General Editor

A J.

VANDERJAGT,

University of Groningen

Editorial Board

M. COLISH, Oberlin College J.I. ISRAEL, University College, London J.D. NORTH, University of Groningen R.H. POPKIN, Washington University, St. Louis-UCLA VOLUME 110

'UsV

RESTORING THE TEMPLE OF VISION Cabalistic Freemasonry and Stuart Culture BY

MARSHA KEITH SCHUCHARD

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INDEX Abarbanel, David, 537 Abbot, George, Archbishop of Canterbury, 354, 364, 423 Abell, Adam, 138 Abendana, Isaac, 670, 711-13, 720 Abendana, Jacob, 550-52, 554, 592-94, 606, 707η.121, 711-12, 731 Abraham, 67, 108, 480, 516, 578 Abraham the Jew, alchemist, 617, 695, 727 Abravanel (Abrabanel), Judah (see Leo Hebraeus) Abulafia, Abraham, 49-50, 55-56, 72, 83, 202 Achaius, King of Scotland, 725 Adamson, Henry, 111-12, 164-65, 238, 319-22, 372, 402-04, 420-21, 434-35, 438-39 Adamson, James, 238 Adamson, John, 319 Addison, Lancelot, 713, 734 Adornes, Anselm, 122-23 Aesculapius, 117, 291 Agrippa, Henry Cornelius, 220, 227, 263, 315, 566, 620-21, 721 Ahoab, Isaac 626 Aholiab, 52, 67, 125, 290-91, 595, 611, 637 Ainslie, James, 513 Al-Bakri, 9, 36, 645 Al-Mansur, Caliph, 31 Alan the Steward, 80-81 Albemarle, 1st Duke of (see Monk, George) Alberti, Leone Battista, 219, 263, 272, 340 Aldrovandi, Ulisse, 561, 725 Alexander, Sir Anthony, 391, 401, 416-17, 420, 424, 428-30, 433-34, 437 Alexander, Henry, 3rd Earl of Stirling, 433, 436, 438, 440, 445, 450 Alexander, William, 1st Earl of Stirling, 331, 378-79, 385, 391, 401, 419, 428, 437, 444 Alexander, William, Lord, 428 Alexander the Great, King, 117-18

Alfonsi, Petrus, 68 Allyon, Solomon, 771 Alonzo XI, King of Spain, 97 Aisted, Johan, 398, 553-54, 571, 621, 686 Alured, Thomas, 350 Alvarez, Isaac, 698, 700, 705 Amama, Sixtinus, 553, 571 Amasis, King of Egypt, 153 Amedeus, Alexander, 728 Anaphiel, 22 Anatoli, Jacob ben, 64 Ancram, 1st Earl of (see Kerr, Robert) Anderson, Henry, 320 Anderson, Reverend James, 1, 79-81, 107, 122, 151, 170, 237, 240, 269, 310-11, 331, 372-73, 416, 447, 474, 489, 509-10, 521, 587, 631, 645, 654, 656, 665, 669, 671, 684, 723-24, 739-40, 746, 774, 777, 779, 781, 785-86, 789 Andreae, Johann Valentin, 287, 328, 342-43, 345-47, 395, 398, 409, 504, 521-22, 599, 601 Andrew the Jew, 66 Anne, Queen of Great Britain, 731, 757 Anne of Denmark, Queen of Britain, 216, 218, 222, 231, 243, 257, 261, 273, 287, 388 Antiochus IV, King of Syria, 13, 88, 125 Apuleius, 365 Aquinas, Thomas, 38, 53, 69-70 Arbuthnot, Dr. John, 784 Archangelus the Cabalist, 359 Archie the Jester, 376 Archimedes, 321, 361, 403 Argyll, 7th, 8th, and 9th Earls of (see Campbell, Archibald) Aristobolus, 15, 32 Aristotle, 36, 46, 64, 67, 114, 398 Aristotle, Pseudo-, 66-68, 117-18 Arlington, Earl of (see Bennet, Henry) Arnold de Villanova, 294, 315, 500

828

INDEX

Arran, 2nd Earl of (see Hamilton, James) Arthur, King of Britain, 85, 88, 99 Ashley Cooper, Anthony, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, 700, 719, 732 Ashmole, Elias, 77, 283, 294, 305, 359, 477-81, 484, 486, 488, 500, 504-07, 523, 526, 531-32, 535, 537, 543, 568-70, 581, 589, 596, 600, 604-05, 609-11, 617, 619, 630, 632, 641, 648, 661, 664, 676, 680-85, 687, 710, 716-17, 725, 733, 735, 748, 751, 768 Athelstan, King of England, 725 Atkins, James, 441 Aubrey, John, 177, 259, 523, 642-43, 664, 710, 747, 777-79 Augustus, Duke of Brunswick, 671 Auld, William, 95, 170-71 Averroes, 65-66 Avicebron (see Gabirol, Solomon Ibn) Aytoun, George, 440 Aytoun, John, 140 Aytoun, William, 440 Azriel of Gerona, 71 Backhouse, Samuel, 505 Backhouse, William, 505-06, 641, 687 Bacon, Sir Anthony, 231, 258 Bacon, Francis, Baron Verulam and Viscount St. Albans, 231, 255, 257-60, 266-67, 279, 324, 331, 350, 361, 370, 382-85, 398, 467, 485, 490, 599, 607, 610, 638-39, 713, 727, 747 Bacon, Sir Nicholas, 255 Bacon, Roger, 66-70, 78, 117, 127, 220, 251-52, 358, 469, 617 Bahir, Rabbi, 359 Balanqual, Sir Walter, Dean of Rochester, 388 Balcarres, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Earls of (see Lindsay, David, Alexander, and Colin) Balcarres, Countess (see Mackenzie, Anna) Baldwin I, King of Jerusalem, 152 Baliol, John, King of Scotland, 85, 87 Barbour, John, 102 Barnet, Jacob, 302, 384 Basil, Simon, 261, 267, 308 Bassantine, James, 173 Basson, Thomas, 234

Basson, Godfrey, 304 Bavaria, Duke of, 350 Baxter, Richard, 571, 579 Bayer, Johann, 306 Bayle, Pierre, 784 Beale, Dr. John, 599, 605, 622, 638 Beaton, David, Cardinal and Archbishop of Scotland, 145, 148-49 Beekman, Martin, 643, 735 Bellenden, Sir William, 524, 542, 570, 591 Bembo, Pietro, Cardinal, 563 Bennet, Henry, Earl of Arlington, 644, 656, 670-71, 676-77, 681, 699-701, 722-23, 746, 787 Bentinck, William, 1st Earl of Portland, 777 Berkshire, Earl of, 670 Bernard, Edward, 661 Bernard de Clairvaux, 79 Bernini, Giovanni Lorenzo, 650 Bezalel (Bezaleel), 10-11, 20, 23, 27, 52-53, 67, 125, 197, 290-91, 595, 611, 637 Bill, John 276 Billingsley, Henry, 219, 265 Blacader, Robert, Archbishop of Glasgow, 128, 148 Blagge, Margaret, Lady Godolphin, 685-87 Blair, Hugh, 773 Blake, William, ix-xi, 1, 793 Boccaccio, Giovanni, 66 Boccalini, Traiano, 285-86, 377, 790 Bodin, Jean, 212-13, 227, 265-66, 278 Boece, Hector, 106-07, 125, 137, 139, 246 Boehme, Jacob, 486-88, 601, 613, 790 Boisivon, Ambassador, 463 Bolton, Edmund, 329 Bonet, Honoré, 114, 116 Boniface VIII, Pope, 213 Bonatti, Guido, 127 Bonneville, Nicholas de, 581, 585 Bononien, Petrus von, 93 Booker, John, 616 Booth, Sir George, 585, 628 Boreel, Adam, 381-82, 454-55, 457, 605-06 Borri, Francesco Giuseppi, 609, 623-24, 674, 713 Borrichius, Oiaus, 614n.55 Borromini, Francesco, 474 Boswell, James, 233

INDEX

Boswell of Auchinleck, John, 233-34 Bothwell, 5th Earl of (see Hepburn, Francis Stewart) Bothwell, 4th Earl of (see Hepburn, James) Boulter, Robert, 674-75 Bower, Walter, 105, 112 Boyle, Richard, 3rd Earl of Burlington, 793 Boyle, Robert, 569, 597, 599-601, 603, 609, 616, 625, 679, 720 Boyle, Roger, 1st Earl of Orrery, 678-80, 689 Brek, Simon, 63 Brewer, Hugh, 477 Brooke, Richard, 617, 653 Broun, John, 429 Brouncker, William, Viscount, 605, 634-35, 639, 644, 716 Brown, David, 773 Browne, Adam, 466 Brownloe, S., 602, 658 Bruce, Alexander, 2nd Earl of Kincardine, 468, 546, 552-56, 559-60, 562, 564-67, 569-70, 576, 579, 583-88, 596, 603-05, 609-111, 614, 621, 627, 630, 638, 646-47, 651, 656, 658, 662-65, 668, 683-85, 688, 708, 723-24, 750, 780, 782, 787 Bruce, Robert the (see Robert I) Bruce, Robert, 2nd Earl of Elgin and 1st Earl of Ailesbury, 474, 569, 619, 642 Bruce, Thomas, 3rd Earl of Elgin and 2nd Earl of Ailesbury, 728, 753 Bruce, Sir William, 575-76, 580-81, 582, 583, 587, 645, 647, 665, 684, 688, 707, 724, 740, 750, 755, 764, 775-76, 780, 787, 793 Bruce of Culross, Sir George, 319, 352 Bruno, Giordano, 202-06, 217, 227, 233-34, 236, 243, 250, 273, 315-16, 335, 360, 398, 425, 553, 727 Brutus (Brut), 79, 85, 88, 241, 247, 271 Buc, Sir George, 47, 278, 341 Buchanan, George, 136, 141-42, 151, 154-56, 172-73, 178, 181-81, 194, 204, 254, 300, 759 Buckingham, Duchess of, 760

829

Buckingham, 1st and 2nd Dukes of (see Villiers, George) Bungay, Thomas, 127 Bureus, Johannes, 293, 395-96, 539, 599 Burlington, 3rd Earl of (see Boyle, Richard) Burnet, Alexander, Bishop of Glasgow, 692 Burnet, Gilbert, Bishop of Salisbury, 369, 572, 576, 587, 624-27, 638, 647, 651, 665, 685, 688, 726, 757, 783 Burns, Robert, 785 Burton, Robert, 396 Butler, James, 1st Duke of Ormonde, 537, 610, 718 Butler, Samuel, 611-17, 620-23, 654, 680, 696-98, 707-09, 716-20, 758, 790 Byrom, John, 793 Cagliostro, Alessandro, Count, 793 Camillo, Giulio, 245, 250, 265-66 Campanella, Tomasso, 293, 694 Campbell, Archibald, 7th Earl of Argyll, 283, 506 Campbell, Archibald, 8th Earl of Argyll, 510 Campbell, Archibald, 9th Earl of Argyll, 619, 642 Campunall, Mordecai, 546, 548 Capnio (see Reuchlin, Johann) Carafa, Gregory, 744 Cardano, Geronimo, 156-61, 172, 199, 207, 220, 224, 226-27, 250, 263, 265, 272, 294, 324, 365, 478, 597, 621, 686, 714, 748 Carew, Thomas, 410, 425-26, 441 Cariston of Seton, Sir John, 212 Carl X, King of Sweden, 534, 540, 542, 573, 599 Carl XI, King of Sweden, 542n.77, 776 Carl XII, King of Sweden, 776, 793 Carmichael, John, 458, 463 Cartwright, Ebenezer and Joanna, 526 Casanova de Seingalt, Giovanni Giacomo, 157, 793 Casaubon, Isaac, 298, 301-03, 384, 536 Castel, Edmund, 712 Catherine of Braganza, Queen of Britain, 590, 678, 701, 730

830

INDEX

Caus, Salomon de, 274 Caussin, Nicolas, 361 Caxton, William, 114 Cavalleria, de, family, 45 Cebes the Theban, 659-60 Cecil, Robert, 1st Earl of Salisbury, 269 Chamberlain, John, 353 Chapman, George, 270 Charlemagne, 48, 277, 341 Charles I, King of Britain, 194, 267, 274, 276, 279, 287, 295, 299, 307, 316-17, 330, 335, 342, 350-52, 361-62, 365-69, 373-494 passim, 513, 524, 526-29, 567, 581, 586, 596, 628, 630, 633, 635, 649, 674, 722, 746, Charles II, King of Britain, 317, 447, 485-86, 489-90, 495, 508-50, 565, 567, 571-73, 576-77, 579-736 passim, 740, 743, 745, 748, 753, 774, 781, 786 Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, 137 Charles Louis, Elector Palatine, 533-34, 598 Charleton, Dr. Walter, 609 Chaucer, Geoffrey, 110 Child, Dr. Robert, 497 Christian II, Elector of Saxony, 281 Christian IV, King of Denmark, 218, 257, 261 Christina, Queen of Sweden, xi, 510, 524, 532-33, 537, 539-43, 571, 599, 674, 717 Cibber, Gabriel, 746 Clarendon, 1st Earl of (see Hyde, Edward) Cleland, James, 262~67, 286, 363-65 Clement V, Pope, 75 Clement VII, Pope, 103 Clement of Alexandria, 20 Cleveland, John, 464-65, 475-77, 496 Clifford, Thomas, 1st Baron Clifford, 700 Clodius, Frederick, 601, 713 Clook (Clough), Owagh, Colonel, 570-71 Cochrane, Thomas, 122-23, 165 Cochrane, Sir William, 688, 742 Cockburn, John, 757 Coke, Sir John, 442 Collier, James, 477 Colonna, Francesco, 325-29, 413, 556

Colt, John, 423 Comenius, Jan Amos, 455, 457, 460, 467, 483, 523, 532, 597, 599, 637 Comyn, King of Scodand, 89 Condé, Louis II, de Bourbon, Prince de, 519 Congreve, William, 780 Constable, Michael, 354 Conti, Armand de Bourbon, Prince de, 519 Conway, Anne, 677, 689 Cooper, William, 694 Copland of Udoch, Patrick, 222 Coronel, Sir Augustin, 589-90, 592, 606 Cosmas Indicopleustes, 28 Cosway, Richard, 793 Cowley, Abraham, 459, 474, 508-09, 580, 590, 604, 606-07, 636 Cozok, 467 Craig, Alexander, 320 Craig, Dr. John, 220 Craven, William, Earl of, 698 Crawford-Lindsay, John, 17th Earl of, 584, 585n.234, 628 Creagh, Sir Michael, 761 Cramer, B.G., 778 Cremer, Abbot of Westminster, 77 Crescenzio, Giovanni Baptista, Marquis della Torre, 412 Crichton, James, "The Admirable," 183, 194, 298, 478, 514 Croll, Oswald, 694 Cromartie, Lord, 295 Cromwell, Henry, 595 Cromwell, Oliver, 77n.57, 213, 453, 473-74, 491-94, 504, 508, 510, 512, 514, 519, 523-47, 554, 569, 571-76, 588-89, 596-97, 599, 602, 620, 639-40, 649, 653, 656, 669, 671, 674, 767 Cromwell, Richard, 574-75 Cromwell, Thomas, 139 Crowley, Ambrose, 775 Culpepper, Nicholas, 457 Cunningham, Sir Alexander, 390 Cunningham, Sir David, 313, 390-91, 394, 516 Cunningham, William, 9th Earl of Glencairn, 582, 587 Cunningham of Robertland, Sir David, 243, 246-47, 260-61, 390 Cure, Nicholas, 260, 268, 330-31

INDEX

Cuüer, Lady, 709 Czartorisky, Prince Augustus, 793 Da Costa, David, 541, 589 Da Costa, Solomon, 647 Damian, John, 127, 376 Daniel, Samuel, 273 Dante Alighieri, 58, 66 Da Vega, 670 Davenant, William, 440, 443-44, 483, 648-49 David, King of Israel, passim David I, King of Scotland, 78-80, 88, 92, 103, 111, 174, 767-68 David II, King of Scotland, 98-101, 104 David, Earl of Huntington, 80, 103, 767 Davidson, John, 226 Davidson, John (fl. 1660), 585 Davidson (Davison), Sir William, 529-30, 533, 536-37, 542-44, 546-48, 550-51, 554, 564, 579, 589, 591-94, 606, 664, 670, 787 Davison (Davisson, Davidson), Dr. William, 460-62, 472, 507, 514, 523, 543, 564 Davy, 713 De Bry, Theodore, 305 De Castro, Dr. Benedict, 532-33 De le Coste, Bento, 589 Dee, Dr. Arthur, 286-87, 303, 377, 432, 504-05 Dee, John, 161, 206-07, 219-21, 251-55, 263-66, 280, 286, 290, 293, 296-97, 303, 334, 342-43, 347, 360, 401, 469, 497, 502, 505, 561, 598, 614, 623, 639, 703, 711, 727, 748 Defoe, Daniel, 643 Denham, Sir John, 452-53, 508-09, 516-17, 569-70, 604, 619, 629, 631-32, 637-38, 642, 648, 653, 663, 664-655, 697 Denison, John, 385 Denison, Stephen, 385-86 Dermott, Laurence, 702-03, 707 Desaguliers, Jean Theophilus, 777 Descartes, René, 714 Dickinson, Edmund, 651 Dickson (Dicson), Alexander, Master of Memory, 203-07, 222-24, 226-27, 234-36, 243, 314 Dickson, Alexander, Professor of Hebrew, 728

831

Dickson, Master, 238 Digby, Sir Kenelm, 360, 566, 604, 609, 614, 616, 634, 748 DiUon, Arthur, 769 Dillon, Theobald, 7th Viscount Dillon, 769 Dingwall, Lord (see Preston, Richard) Dionysius the Areopagite, 71, 330, 377, 405, 498 Dohna, Baron, 350 Doncaster, Viscount (see Hay, James) Don John of Austria, 211 Donne, John, 324, 349 Donnolo, Shabbetai, 34 Dorchester, Marquess of, 634 Dorn, Gerhard, 499, 714 Douglas, Archibald, 690 Douglas, Gavin, 124-25 Douglas, George, 397 Douglas, George, Earl of Dumbarton, 735 Douglas, James, 4th Earl of Morton, 182, 184-85 Douglas, Sir James, 97 Douglas, William, 1st Duke of Queensbury, 739-42, 767 Doyle, Bernard, 760 Drake, Dr. Francis, 706n.l20 Drebbel, Cornelius, 345, 469, 505 Drummond, James, 4th Earl and 1st Duke of Perth, 727, 729, 739-42, 750, 751, 763-64, 784, 792 Drummond, James, 5th Earl and 2nd Duke of Perth, 784, 792 Drummond, John, 315 Drummond, John, 4th Earl of Melfort, 740, 751, 754-55, 764-66, 768, 780, 783-84 Drummond, Patrick, 726 Drummond of Balhaldie, Alexander, 766 Drummond of Carnock, Sir Robert, 185, 196, 315 Drummond of Hawthornden, Sir William, 122, 196, 283, 315, 324-27, 329, 418, 421, 426, 434-35 Drusius (Jan Van der Dreische), 299-301, 405, 553, 571 Drusius, Jean, 300 Dryden, John, 602, 680, 694, 729-31, 733, 735, 739, 742-44, 746, 769, 779-80 Du Bartas, Guillaume de Salluste, Sieur, 186-92, 194, 196-201, 203,

832

INDEX

205, 208-17, 230, 248-49, 275, 325, 343, 377, 502 Du Bosc, M. de, 482 Dugdale, Sir William, 452, 477, 568, 664, 747, 778 Dumbarton, Earl of (see Douglas, George) Dundas, Sir George, 128-29, 132-33, 137 Dundee, 1st and 3rd Viscounts of (see Graham, John and David) Dunfermline, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Earls of (see Seton, Alexander) Dürer, Albrecht, 263, 634 Dury, John, 381, 395, 397-400, 409-10, 430-32, 455-58, 466-68, 482-85, 505, 515, 523, 532-34, 537, 549-50, 597, 599, 603, 605-06, 608, 616 Dysart, 1st Earl of (see Murray, William) Edward I, King of England, 61, 81-89, 528 Edward II, King of England, 77, 90-91, 102 Edward III, King of England, 77n.57, 98-101, 342, 682 Edward VI, King of England, 149, 161 Eglinton, 8th Earl of (see Montgomery, Alexander) Eliazar Bar-Isaiah, 532 Elijah, 50 Eliot, Sir John, 352 Elizabeth I, Queen of England, 161-63, 168-75, 206, 216, 219, 222, 231, 234-35, 240, 244, 246, 251, 253, 257, 260, 267-68, 273-74, 384, 415, 630, 674, 745 Ellam, John and Richard, 477 Elphinstone, William, Bishop of Aberdeen, 125-28 Enoch, 108 Erasmus, Desiderius, 135-37 Erde, William, 182, 189, 201 Erigena, John Scotus, 71-72, 117, 126 Errol, 9th Earl of (see Hay, Francis) Erskine, Sir Charles, 681, 683 Erskine, Charles, 5th or 10th Earl of Mar, 765 Erskine, John, 1st or 6th Earl of Mar, 184, 225, 274, 363

Erskine, John, 2nd or 7th Earl of Mar, 184 Erskine, John, 6th or 11th Earl of Mar, 766, 793 Erskine, Thomas, 225 Erskine of Innerteil, Sir George, 183, 283, 294-95, 297, 304, 317, 363, 393-94, 402, 404, 421, 487 Esther, 152 Euclid, 36, 46, 64, 108, 111, 135, 219, 265, 334, 468, 470, 480, 502, 578, 598, 614, 673, 703, 741 Eusebius, 20 Evans, Arise, 531-32, 534-35, 537 Evelyn, John, 19, 369, 468, 470-72, 474, 522, 568-70, 596-97, 599-601, 604-05, 607, 630, 636-39, 644, 648, 654, 662-63, 676-77, 679-80, 710, 718, 722, 735, 739, 746-48, 751, 753-54, 778-79 Eyler, Martin, 721 Ezekiel, 12, 21, 23, 34, 596 Ezra, Abraham Ibn, 39-40, 44, 182, 298, 405, 617 Fairfax, Edward, 275 Fairfax, Sir Thomas, 570, 583, 640 Falconer, John, 727 Falk, Dr. Samuel Jacob, x, 793 Farley, Henry, 309, 314, 335-37, 339-40 Favyn, André, 340-42, 681-82, 725 Felton, John, 389 Ferdinand II, King of Bohemia and Holy Roman Emperor, 348 Fergus I, King of Scotland, 61, 63, 418, 739, 741, 789 Ferguson, William, 701 Ficino, Marsilio, 135, 289, 377, 565 Fielding, Henry, 744-45, 770, 774 Fitzgerald, John, Colonel, 736, 766 Fitzjames, Henry, 744, 768-69 Flamel, Nicholas, 471, 621, 695 Flamel, Pernella, 471 Fletcher of Saltoun, Andrew, 782 Fletcher of Saltoun, Sir Robert, 625, 782 Florio, John, 243 Fludd, Dr. Leven, 497, 504-05, 584, 617-18 Fludd, Dr. Robert, 39, 304-08, 343-45, 347-48, 356, 358-61, 377, 386, 392-94, 399, 422, 435-36,

INDEX

462, 469, 477, 498, 500, 508, 523, 562, 566, 571, 583, 598, 613, 618, 620, 712, 714, 727, 748 Forbes, Arthur, 700 Fordun, John of, 103 Forman, Simon, 252, 306 Fortescue, Sir Nicholas, 460n.46 Foster, Samuel, 597 Foster, William, 399 Fowler, William, 199-200, 203, 225, 243, 262, 315 Francia, Francis, 793 Franco, Solomon, 531, 537, 543, 589, 676, 701 François I, King of France, 140 François II, King of France, 167 François, Duke of Guise, 14 Frankenberg, Abraham, 540n.68 Franklin, Benjamin, 793 Fraser (Frazer), Dr. Alexander, 509, 572, 582, 586, 653 Frazer, Edouard, 582 Fréart, Roland, Sieur de Ghambry, 637 Frederick, Duke of Brunswick, 671 Frederick I, Duke of Württemberg, 283-85 Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Sicily, 64-65 Frederick II, King of Denmark, 217 Frederick V, Elector Palatine, "Winter King" of Bohemia, 278-80, 286, 291-92, 342, 349-51, 410 Frederick Henry, Prince, 349, 394 Frederick Henry, Stadholder of Netherlands, 454 French, John, 522 French, Thomas, 140 Fridwall, Johann, 410 Frizius, Joachim, 392-93, 399, 422, 462, 477, 485, 498, 500, 507 Fuller, Thomas, 14, 618 Gabella, Philip a, 296 Gabirol, Solomon Ibn (Avicebron), 35-39, 46, 66, 69-70, 127, 498 Gadbury, John, 539, 616 Gadbury, Timothy, 539 Gailon (Gayland), 643-45 Gall, John, 164, 320, 402-04 Gassendi, Pierre, 399 Gathelus, 62-63, 69, 85, 89, 103, 108, 184, 204, 236, 241, 291, 322, 341, 578, 790

833

Gauden, John, Bishop of Worcester, 491 Gaunse, Joachim, 384 Geber, 445 Geoffrey of Monmouth, 79 Gerbier, Balthazar, 352, 373, 377, 433, 483-84, 632-37, 698 George I, Elector of Hanover and King of Great Britain, 5, 793 Gerbier, Balthazar, 352, 355, 391, 483-85, 586 Gerrard, Reverend, 430 Gezelius, Johannes, 712 Gibbon, Edward, 109-10 Gibbons, Grinling, 654 Gibbs, James, 793 Gibson, Sir Alexander, 587 Glanville, Joseph, 694 Goodrick, Matthew, 313 Giorgio, Francesco di, 272, 500 Glauber, Johann Rudolph, 564 Glencairn, 9th Earl of (see Cunningham, William) Godfrey of Bouillon, 116, 152, 174, 275-77, 284, 341, 725 Godolphin, Lord, 687 Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 793 Goodman, Godfrey, Bishop of Gloucester, 367 Goodricke, Sir Henry, 777-79 Gordon, George, 6th Baron Gordon, 793 Gordon, George, 6th Earl of Hundy, 222, 224 Gordon, John, Dean of Salisbury, 247-49 Gordon, Patrick, Professor, 670 Gordon, Patrick, General, 442 Gothier of Lyons, 602 Graham, David, 3rd Viscount Dundee, 767-68 Graham of Claverhouse, John, 1st Viscount Dundee, 742, 762-63, 765-70 Graunt, John, 595, 607-08 Gray, Sir Andrew, 349 Gregory I, Pope, 29 Gremy, Jacob, 390 Greville, Fulke, 204, 335 Grove, 704 Guise, Charles de, Cardinal of Lorraine, 150, 153, 168 Guise, Duc de, 305

834

INDEX

Guise, François de, Grand Prior of France, 167-70, 174 Gustaf III, King of Sweden, 776 Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, 395-97, 408-10, 441, 464 Gyllenborg, Count Carl, 793 Haggai, 167 Halevi, Judah, 40, 550-52, 555, 592-94, 670 Hall, Joseph, Bishop of Norwich, 507 Hamet, Moroccan ambassador, 735 Hamilton, Alexander, Colonel, 573 Hamilton, Alexander, General, 396, 450-51, 468, 476-78, 485, 560, 573n.l97 Hamilton, Charles, 775n.l33 Hamilton, Claud, Lord Paisley, 237 Hamilton, James, Lord Paisley and Earl of Abercorn, 237 Hamilton, James, 2nd Earl of Arran, 146, 149, 156 Hamilton, James, 3rd Marquis and 1 st Duke of Hamilton, 357, 396, 408-09, 431, 441 Hamilton, James Douglas, 4th Duke of Hamilton, 643, 707, 775, 776 Hamilton, John, Archbishop of St. Andrews, 156, 160-61, 237 Hamilton, William, alchemist, 281-82, 289 Hamilton of Finnart, Sir James, 133, 139, 143-45, 156, 196 Hamilton of Milburn, John, 149 Hancock, William, 84 Harington, Sir John, 262, 290 Harley, Sir Edward, 619, 640-43, 646, 648, 660-61, 688-89, 692, 722, 731-32 Harley, Sir Robert, 619, 641-43, 646, 648 Harley, Robert, 1st Earl of Oxford, 707 Hartlib, Samuel, 395, 398-400, 410, 432, 455-57, 467-68, 482-85, 497, 504-05, 516, 523, 537, 569, 597, 599-608, 616-17, 713 Harvey, Dr. William Harvey, 305, 727 Haselmeyer, Adam, 285 Hay, Francis, 9th Earl of Errol, 224 Hay, Sir George, 1st Earl of Kinnoul, 363, 370, 376, 419-20, 428, 438 Hay, Sir Gilbert, 114-19, 140

Hay, Sir James, Viscount Doncaster, 349 Hay, John, 12th Earl of Errol, 783 Hay, John, 2nd Earl of Tweeddale, 619, 642, 688-89 Hay, Richard, 119 Hearne, Thomas, 360 Helmont, Francis Mercurius van, 666, 677, 695, 712, 720, 728, 748 Helmont, Jan Baptista van, 467, 497, 727 Hemmingsen, Niels, 217, 222, 227 Henderson, Reverend Alexander, 481 Henri III, King of France, 198-99, 202 Henri III, King of Navarre, 168-69, 214, 248; Henri IV, King of France, 276, 285, 298, 373, 633 Henri d'Angoulême, 202 Henrietta Maria, Queen of Britain, 373, 408, 414, 445, 453-55, 457, 460, 463, 472, 474-75, 485, 489-90, 509, 527, 579, 581, 586, 633, 635, 641, 649, 673 Henry III, King of England, 81-83, 664, 747 Henry IV, King of England, 105 Henry VII, King of England, 124, 127, 674 Henry VIII, King of England, 129, 131-49, 272, 274, 453, 674 Henshaw, Thomas, 468, 470-71, 474, 497, 504, 522, 557, 596, 604 Hepburn, Francis Stewart, 5th Earl of Bothwell, 223 Hepburn, James, 4th Earl of Bothwell, 175 Hepburn, James "Bonaventura," 298, 305 Hepburn, Sir John, 442 Herbert, William, 3rd Earl of Pembroke, 318, 331-33 Herder, Johann Gottfried von, 793 Heriot, George, 388 Hermes Trismegistus, 67, 108, 117, 135, 153, 173, 199, 259, 265, 267, 289, 295, 303, 307, 359, 361, 378, 426, 436, 445, 516, 522, 561, 578, 634, 637, 652, 679, 742 Herod, King of Judea, 12-17 Herrera, Juan de, 250-51 Heydon, John, 583-84, 595, 605, 609-11, 615, 644, 651-53, 656, 694, 790

INDEX

Hièl, 181 Hiber, 63 Hilliard, Nicholas, 499 Hiram, King of Tyre, 11, 215, 337, 371, 553, 673, 705-06 Hiram (and Hiram Abif), 9, 11, 31, 38, 43, 53, 57, 59, 108, 121, 125, 197, 215, 293, 327, 337, 476, 480, 672-73, 736, 743 Hiyya, Abraham Bar (Savasorda), 44-46, 66, 298 Hodges, Nathaniel, 539 Hodges, Thomas, 539 Hoghelande, Ewald de, 252 Hollar, Wenscelas, 570 Holme, Rändle, 756 Honywood, Michael, Dean of Lincoln, 698, 710 Hooke, Robert, 265, 597, 630, 644, 646, 654, 667, 687, 696, 698-99, 703-04, 706, 709-19, 722, 727, 729, 731, 734, 746 Hotham, Charles, 487 Howard, James, 3rd Earl of Suffolk, 535-36 Howard, Thomas, 2nd Earl of Arundel, 280, 308, 318, 331-33, 365, 416, 441, 453, 474 Howard, Thomas, 8th Duke of Norfolk, 416n.56 Howell, James, 61, 412, 528-29 Hudson, Thomas, 205 Hugh de Païens, 45, 78, 174 Hulsius, Antonio, 550 Hume, Patrick, 376 Hume of Polwarth, Sir Patrick, 688 Hundy, 6th Earl of (see Gordon, George) Huygens, Christiaan, 545, 608, 618, 618-19, 621-23, 626, 666 Huygens, Constantijn, 545-46, 551, 563, 591-92, 618-19, 621-23, 626, 666, 698-703 Hyde, Edward, 1st Earl of Clarendon, 490, 517, 536, 572, 576, 579, 582-83, 586, 623-24, 649, 653, 655-56 Inchiquin, 2nd Earl of (see O'Brien, William) Irving, James, 175 Irwin, Captain, 460, 464 Isaac, 555-58, 560, 685 Isis, 291

835

Jabal, 107 Jacob, 63, 89, 350, 359, 481, 501, 623, 724 Jacob, Paul, 369-70 James I, King of Scodand, 105, 110-12, 165 James II, King of Scotland, 113 James III, King of Scotland, 121-24, 165 James IV, King of Scotland, 123-31, 135, James V, King of Scotland, 132-47, 154, 262, 272 James VI and I, King of Britain, 47, 69, 145, 176-371 passim, 384-85, 388, 391-92, 396, 401-02, 417, 419, 423, 433, 439, 447, 493, 505, 507, 535-36, 545, 552, 567, 630, 649, 659, 674, 685, 693, 723, 739, 753, 788 James VII and II, Duke of York, King of Britain, 3, 5, 408, 483, 590, 596, 653, 680, 682, 684, 711, 719, 723-33, 736, 738-89 pasnm James "VIII and III," the Old Pretender, 82, 491, 757-58, 761 James, Lord Steward of Scodand, 85 Jamesone, George, 418 Japhet, 79, 247 Jason, 291 Jefferson, Thomas, 793 Jeremiah, 42-43 Jermyn, Sir Henry, Earl of St. Albans, 474, 509, 586-87, 631-32, 642, 650, 681, 710 Joabin the Jew, 383-84 Joachim of Fiore, 292-93, 721 John of Glasgow, Bishop, 78 John of St. Thomas of Acre, Brother, 83-84 John Casimir, King of Poland, 523 Johnson, Dr. (from Warwick), 710 Johnson, Samuel, 233 Johnston, Dr. Arthur, 428 Johnston, John, 241 Johnston, Jon, 523 Johnston, Dr. John, 283 Jones, Inigo, 256-57, 260-61, 264, 269-71, 273-74, 277, 279, 308, 311-13, 318, 325-29, 331-36, 343, 355-57, 361, 365, 370, 372-73, 391, 401, 406-07, 410-16, 424-29, 433, 436, 447-48, 452-53, 458, 472-73, 483-84, 490, 505, 509, 512, 545,

836

INDEX

628, 632-33, 635, 637, 647-48, 679, 707, 731 Jones, John, 761 Jonson, Ben, 241, 256-57, 260, 270-71, 274, 277, 303-04, 316, 323-29, 345, 355, 376-77, 407, 411-15, 440, 443-44 Joseph, Hebrew Patriarch, 67 Josephus, Flavius, 13-17, 67, 104, 107-08, 120, 135, 153, 155, 190, 208, 308, 370, 528, 617, 678, 706 Joshua, 94-95 Josiah, King of Judah, 336-37 Joyce, James, ix, 7 Judas, 290 Judith, 152 Julian the Apostate, 20, 732 Julius II, Pope, 129 Juxon, William, Archbishop of Canterbury, 633, 635 Keirincx, Alexander, 420 Keith, George, 677, 728 Kennedy, John, 7th Earl of Cassilis, 688 Ker, Father, 536 Kérouailles, Louise de, Duchess of Portsmouth, 781 Kerr (Ker), Mark, 1st Earl of Lothian, 195, 226, 405-06 Kerr (Ker), Robert, 1st Earl of Ancram, 243, 262, 265, 273, 278, 294-95, 297, 303, 317, 340, 345-47, 349, 351-52, 354, 360, 367, 369, 376-77, 385-86, 393-94, 396, 404-06, 420-22, 440, 450, 462, 486-87, 506, 523, 530-31, 586 Kerr (Ker), William, 3rd Earl of Lothian, 369, 405, 440, 443, 450-51, 460-63, 476, 482, 486, 488, 509-10, 569, 647, 656-57, 683, 688, 692 Keyser, Hendrik de, 312, 332 Khunrath, Heinrich, 620 Kilbye, Richard, 302 Killigrew, Sir Peter, 745 Killigrew, Sir Thomas, 703, 745 Kimchi, Joseph ben Isaac, 405 Kincardine, 2nd Earl of (see Bruce, Alexander) King, John, Bishop of London, 335 Kinner, Cyprian, 485 Kinnoul, 1st Earl of (see Hay, George)

Kircher, Athanasius, 39, 468-71, 483, 539, 561-64, 571, 598, 621, 637, 652, 667, 671-72, 679, 706, 719-20, 748 Kirk, Reverend Robert, 771-72 Kirkwood, Jack, 662 KnoUes, Sir WiUiam, 128-29 Knorr von Rosenroth, Christian, 666, 695, 712, 720 Knox, John, Presbyterian Reformer, 131, 144-46, 149-50, 156, 161-70, 178, 182, 194, 201, 403, 422, 790 Knox, John, Provost of St. Andrews, 313 Kosciusko, Thaddeus, 693 La Costa, 591 Lafayette, Marie Joseph, Marquis de, 793 Lamberton, William, Bishop of St. Andrews, 89-91 Lambi, John Baptista, 357 Langdale, Sir Marmaduke, 535-36, 554 Laud, William, Archbishop of Canterbury, 164, 322~23, 337-39, 373-75, 386, 388, 400-01, 415-23, 426, 435-36, 438, 441, 444, 446, 448-49, 452, 456, 465-66, 505, 537 Lauderdale, 1st Duke of (see Maitland, John) Lauderdale, Duchess of (see Murray, Elizabeth) Lavater, Diethelm and Johann Kaspar, 793 Lawrie, Alexander, 301 Le Blon, Michel, 524, 532 Le Clerc, Jean, 784 Lefèvre d'Etaples, Jacques, 134-36, 141-42, 151 Lefèvre de la Boderie, Guy, 179 Lefèvre de la Boderie, Nicolas, 179, 184 Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, 666-67 Lennox, Charles, Duc de Aubigny and 1st Duke of Richmond, 781 Lennox, Duke of Lennox and Richmond (see Stuart, Charles) Leo X, Pope, 132-33 Leo Hebraeus (Judah Abravanel), 173, 208-10, 272 Leon, Abraham, 701 Leon, Jacob Jehudah, 454-55, 457, 467-68, 485, 490, 540, 546,

INDEX

548-49, 551, 560, 626, 668, 671-72, 698-705, 711, 745, 749, 771-72 Leon, Solomon Jehudah, 706, 711 Leonardo da Vinci, 132-33 Leslie, Sir Alexander, General, 441, 463-64, 476 Leslie, Bishop of Orkney, 655 Leslie, John, 6th Earl of Rothes, 418-19, 438 Leslie, John, 7th Earl of Rothes, 647, 650 Levi, Tadeus, 359 Libavius, Andreas, 297, 304 Lichtenberg, Johann, 293 Liddell, Dr. Duncan, 281-83 Lilly, WiUiam, 481, 610, 614-15, 682n.39, 768 Lindsay, Alexander, 2nd Earl of Balcarres, 459-60, 464, 472, 476, 482, 486, 488, 495, 508, 510-11, 517-19, 537, 544-45, 567, 572-73, 579-80, 586, 623-25, 628, 782 Lindsay, Colin, 3rd Earl of Balcarres, 623, 742, 762-63, 765-66, 782-84 Lindsay, David, Bishop of Edinburgh, 418 Lindsay, David, 1st Earl of Balcarres, 317, 328, 421-22, 443, 486-87, 506, 508 Lindsay, John, Lord Menmuir, 317, 327-28, 421 Lindsay, Sir Ralph, 92 Lindsay, Sir Walter, 137, 149 Lindsay, Sophia, 663, 685 Lindsay, Sophia, Lady Moray, 486, 511 Lindsay of Edzell, Sir David, 325, 327-28 Lindsay of Pittscottie, Robert, 139-40 Littler, Henry, 477 Locke, John, 601, 720 Loew, Jacob, 487 London, George, 777 Lothian, 1st and 3rd Earls of (see Kerr, Mark and William) Louis IX, King of France, 81 Louis XIII, King of France, 442, 460 Louis XIV, King of France, 623, 636, 641, 650, 707, 717, 753, 762, 764, 782 Loutherbourg, Philippe Jacques de, 793

837

Lowe, Dr. Peter, 226-26 Lucas, Thomas, 758 Lull, Ramon, 70-78, 91, 114-15, 118, 126, 134-37, 140-43, 157-61, 194, 202, 211, 250, 252, 259, 272, 281, 294, 297, 315-16, 330, 357-58, 360-61, 377, 398, 445, 462, 469, 500, 506, 524, 553-54, 563, 617, 621-23, 686, 695, 714-16 Lumley, Henry, 264 Luria, Isaac, 712 Lusignan, Henry de, King of Jerusalem, 75 Lychton, Henry of, 105 Lydgate, John, 105, 110 Maccabeus, Judas (and Maccabees), 94, 96, 102, 114-16, 125-26, 130, 147, 153, 208, 300-01, 310, 525 Mackay, Hugh, General, 775 Mackenzie, Anna, Countess Balcarres, 518, 580, 583, 585, 627 Mackenzie, Sir George, 724-26, 738-39, 742, 754, 764, 769 Mackenzie, Kenneth, 427, 743 Mackenzie, Kenneth, 4th Earl of Seaforth, 764 Macklain, John, 610 Maclean, Sir John, 542 Macolo (McColl), James and John, 297-98, 305, 332, 343, 363 Madeleine of Valois, Queen of Scotland, 140 Magalotti, Lorenzo, 517n.225 Maier, Michael, 283, 289, 294-95, 305, 345, 358, 539, 694 Maimonides, 49, 64 Mainwaring, Henry, Colonel, 477-79, 481, 500 Maitland, John, 2nd Earl and 1st Duke of Lauderdale, 450n.7, 464, 472, 489-90, 508, 510, 560, 568, 571-72, 576, 582, 584-89, 597, 610, 623, 627, 631, 642-43, 646-47, 655-58, 670, 681, 683-84, 688, 690-92, 700, 723-24, 730, 750, 780 Maitland, Richard, 779-80 Major, John, 135-36, 141, 202 Malcolm III, King of Scotland, 277 Mansart, François, 650 Mar, 6th, 10th, and 11th Earls of (see Erskine, John) Mar, Countess of (see Murray, Annabela)

838

INDEX

Mar, David de, 101 Marafioto, Girolamo, 245 Marcelline, George, 272 Marci of Kronland, Marcus, 468-69, 560 Maria the Jewess, 27 Marie de Medici, Queen of France, 276, 373, 392, 453 Marr, John, 265, 296, 334, 404 Marsh, Narcissus, Archbishop of Dublin, 707 Marshall, Edward, 625, 628 Martel, Charles, 80, 108-09, 116, 153, 308, 341, 470, 480, 682 Martin, Thomas, 576-78 Martyne, Moses (Mogyne), 140 Marvell, Andrew, 655-56, 667, 688-93 Mary II, Princess of Orange and Queen of Britain, 757, 766, 777 Mary, Princess, daughter of "Winter Queen," 456, 458 Mary of Guise, Queen of Scodand, 140, 146-52, 156-67, 196, 199, 205, 439 Mary of Modena, Duchess of York and Queen of Britain, 727, 757, 779 Mary Queen of Scots, 146-47, 167-78, 182, 185, 193, 199, 204-05, 218, 248, 251, 272-73, 299, 324, 754 Mash'alla, 31 Masius, Andreas, 179, 256 Massonet, Dr. Peter, 567-68, 572 Mathers, MacGregor, ix, xii Matheoli (Matthiolis de Perusinus), 716 Maude, Richard, 401 Mauvissière, Michèle de Castelnau de, 202 MaxweU, James, 287, 289-94, 304, 309-10, 349-50, 487, 721 MaxweU, Dr. William, 392-93, 477, 482, 485, 507-08 May, Hugh, 629-30, 654 Mayerne, Dr., 409n.l39 Mazararin, Jules, Cardinal, 463-64, 472, 475 Mead, Joseph, 381 Medici, Cosimo II de, Grand Duke of Tuscany, 297 Melchisedek, 245 Melfort, 4th Earl of (see Drummond,

John)

Melos, Don Francesco de, 701 Melville, Andrew, 182, 185, 228-29 Melville, James, courtier to Mary Queen of Scots, 173 Melville, James, Presbyterian Reformer, 182, 197, 201 Melville, Sir James, courtier to James VI, 216 Menasseh ben Israel, 454, 457, 467, 527-29, 531-38, 606, 623, 671, 701 Mendes, David Franco, 704 Mennes, John, 389, 391-92, 441, 448 Mercator, Gerardus, 659 Merlin, 271, 293 Mersenne, Marin, 392, 399 Metatron, 359, 620 Michaelangelo Buonarroti, 635 Middleton, John, 1st Earl of Middleton, 486, 511, 518, 529, 537, 540-41, 543-44, 546, 554, 647, 733-34 Middleton, Charles, 2nd Earl of Middleton, 783 Middleton, John, 3rd Earl of Middleton, 783 Milburn, John, 147-48 Milton, John, 449, 492-94, 529, 534, 616, 688 Molay, Jacques de, 57, 59, 75, 91, 341 Monk (Monck), George, 1st Duke of Albemarle, 510-11, 518, 571, 573-76, 580-90, 595, 617, 620, 623, 628-29, 640-41, 653, 678, 681, 742-43, 764, 767 Montague, Sir Henry, 340 Montaigne, Michel de, 155 Montano, Benito Arias, 180, 256, 272, 300, 352, 370, 373, 498, 553 Montereul, Jean de, 472, 475, 518-19 Montesquieu, Charles Louis de Secondât, Baron de, 793 Montgomerie, Sir James, 775-76 Montgomerie, Sir Robert, 544 Montgomery, Alexander, 8th Earl of Eglinton, 688 Montgomery, Jacques de, 149 Montjosieu, Louis de, 299-300 Moray, Sir Robert, 212, 299, 301, 327-28, 369, 393, 422, 435, 442-43, 450-51, 459-64, 468-72, 474-78, 481-82, 485-86, 488-90, 495-96, 499-501, 504, 507-08, 510-11, 517-23, 530, 537, 540, 543-48,

INDEX

551-76, 579-80, 582-89, 595, 603-11, 617-19, 621-27, 630-31, 637-40, 642-44, 646-47, 650-52, 655-68, 670-71, 677, 679, 683-90, 693, 695, 700-01, 704, 706, 708, 710, 712-13, 715, 722, 724, 726-27, 730-31, 733, 742, 748, 750, 778, 782-83, 787 Moray, Sir William, 630-31 More, Henry, 602-03, 625, 677, 712 More, Sir Thomas, 138 Morestel, Pierre, 361 Moritz, Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, 305-06 Morsius, Joachim, 345, 347, 356 Morteira, Saul Levi, 454 Morton, 4th Earl of (see Douglas, James) Moses, 15, 47, 52, 62, 67, 89, 192, 289, 310, 359, 364, 436, 596, 620 Moses, Abraham, 546 Moses de Leon, 50, 52, 54, 56 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 679, 793 Muhammad, 30 Müller, Dr. Daniel, 282, 357, 393, 506 Murray, Annabella, Countess of Mar, 177, 186 Murray, Elizabeth, Countess of Dysart and Duchess of Lauderdale, 571-72, 576, 597, 688, 701 Murray, Sir James, 261, 312, 317-18, 335, 363, 374, 387-88, 391, 401, 404, 414, 416-19, 424, 429 Murray, Sir Thomas, 389 Murray, William, 1st Earl of Dysart, 389-90, 441, 448-50, 450, 455, 463, 472, 476, 482, 488, 509, 511, 545, 571-72 Murray of Kilbaberton, Sir James, 249, 261 Musaphia, Rabbi, 626 Musculus, Wolganus, 205 Mylius, Johan, 398 Mylne, Alexander, 404, 408, 433-34 Mylne, James, 429 Mylne, John (fl. 1585), 207, 215, 246, 574 Mylne, John (d. 1621), 320-21, 403, 574 Mylne, John (d. 1657), 391, 402, 403, 420, 433, 436-37, 451, 478, 485, 512-13, 573-76

839

Mylne, John (d. 1667), 428, 450, 574, 582, 608, 647, 780 Mylne, Robert, 663-64, 688, 724, 740, 764, 775 Mylne, Robert, Anglican minister, 788 Mylne, Thomas, 788n.l91 Naamah, 110 Naghralla, Samuel Ibn and Yusuf, 35-38 Nahamides, 83 Napier, Alexander, 223 Napier, Sir Archibald, 253, 335, 363, 386 Napier, Dr. Richard, 220, 252-53, 286, 305, 361 Napier, Robert, 305, 357, 393 Napier of Merchiston, John, 220-21, 223-24, 226, 230-31, 246, 253, 258, 262, 265, 282-83, 289-90, 294, 306, 311, 316, 327, 513, 523, 599, 612, 719, 721 Naudé, Gabriel, 359-60 Nebuchadnezzar, 12 Neale, Sir Paul, 605 Neile, Richard, Dean of Westminster, 269 Newton, Sir Adam, 262, 394 Newton, Isaac, x, 1, 6, 609 Nicholas, Sir Edward, 511, 536, 576, 579 Nicholas of Cusa, 135, 220, 367, 562 Nicholas of Lyra, 125-26, 553 Niklaes, Hendrik, 179-81, 254-55, 400, 489, 677 Noah, 67-68, 79, 110 Norfolk, 8th Duke of (see Howard, Thomas) Norry, Sir George, 292 Northumberland, Earl of, 483 Norton, Thomas, 294, 506 Nostradamus, 161, 291-92, 445, 692, 721 Novikov, Nicolai, 793 Oates, Titus, 718-19 O'Brien, William (2nd Earl of Inchiquin), 734 Oetinger, Friedrich Christoph, 793 Ogilby, John, 632, 704, 744 Oldenburg, Henry, 604, 608-09, 646, 654, 667, 674-77, 694-95, 699, 701, 708-10, 712-13, 716, 721 Ormonde, 1st Duke of (see Butler, James)

840

INDEX

Orrery, 1st Earl of (see Boyle, Roger) Osborne, Francis, 279, 332 Osiris, 291 Otway, Thomas, 732-33, 736, 738, 744, 746 Oughtred, WiUiam, 597-98 Overton, Richard, 535-36 Oxford, 1st Earl of (see Harley, Robert) Paddy, Sir William, 305 Paine, Thomas, 793 Palissy, Bernard, 258 Palladio, Andrea, 217, 269, 307-09, 340, 710 Paniter (Panter), Patrick, 129, 132-33 Paps, Thomas, 788 Paracelsus, Phillipus Aureolus, 289, 291-92, 360, 377, 487, 713-14, 721, 748, 790 Pariente, Solomon, 644, 734 Parker, Samuel, Bishop of London, 651-52, 676, 688-89 Parmenides, 659 Partington, 355 Pasqually, Martines de, 793 Patricius (Patrizzi), Francesco, 289 Paul of Burgos, 153, 553 Pembroke, 3rd Earl of (see Howard, Thomas) Penn, WiUiam, 728-29, 754, 775 Pennington, John, 368 Pepys, Samuel, 661-62 Perkins, WiUiam, 204-05 Perth, 1st and 2nd Dukes of (see Drummond, James) Peter I (de Lusignan), King of Cyprus, 101 Peter I ("The Great"), Czar of Russia, 781 Peter of Celle, Bishop, 47 Petre, Edward, 757 Petty, Sir WiUiam, 654 Philip II, King of Spain, 180-81, 224, 250-51, 256 Philip III, King of Spain, 251, 348 Philip IV, King of Spain, 351, 412 Philip IV (the Fair), King of France, 57-59, 73, 89, 116, 213 Philip of Tripoli, 117 Philo Judaeus, 14-16, 21-22, 32, 34, 107, 155, 208, 265, 361 Pico deUa Mirandola, 134, 136, 220, 265, 289, 478, 481, 553, 620

Piso, Isaac Israel, 592 Pistorius, Johannes, 498 Pitcairne, Dr. Archibald, 769 Plantin, Christophe, 178-81, 223, 254-56, 300, 304, 319, 756 Plato, 46, 67, 118, 135, 187, 289, 307, 359, 436, 634 Plato of Tivoli, 46 Platt, Sir Hugh, 206-07, 257, 259, 497 Plot, Dr. Robert, 733, 739, 748-51 Poleman, Joachim, 600-01 Politius, Dr., 295 Pope, Alexander, 793 Porta, Giovanni Battista, 207, 650, 727 Porte, M. de la, 642 Portland, 1st Earl of (see Bentinck, WiUiam Pory, John, 380 Postel, GuiUaume, 142, 172, 179, 256, 272, 293, 299, 620, 714, 721, 727 PoweU, Thomas, 502-04 Pratt, Sir Roger, 654-55 Preston, Sir Richard, Lord DingwaU, 294 Price, John, 583 Prynne, WiUiam, 424, 465-66, 534, 537 Ptolemy, 185 Pythagoras, 15-16, 21, 36, 46, 67, 108, 135, 233, 265, 272, 307, 398, 436, 478, 659, 673 Queensbury, 1st Duke of (see Douglas, William) Rainsford, Charles, General, 427 Ramsay, Chevalier Andrew Michael, 2, 82, 85, 92, 97, 112, 131, 151, 171, 512n.211, 575, 581-82, 585, 614, 791-93 Ramsay, David, 377, 380-82, 390-91, 393, 395-98, 397-98, 409, 431-32, 436-37, 442, 445, 454, 456-58, 467, 481, 483-85, 500, 505, 515-16, 537, 582, 750 Ramsay, James, 397 Ramsay (Ramesey), WiUiam, 393, 483, 515-16, 614 Ramus, Peter, 398 Raphael Sanzio, 634 Rathborne, Aaron, 307 Ravius, Christian, 457 Raymond, Jon, 672 Reid, Thomas, 283, 396 Rembrandt van Rijn, 531

INDEX

Reresby, Sir John, 778 Reuchlin, Johannes (Capnio), 136, 155, 182-83, 265, 365, 435, 487, 498, 553, 652, 721 Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis, Cardinal de, 442, 460-61, 714 Ridley, 759, 761 Ripley, George, 506 Rittangel, Johannes Stefanus, 457 Rivers, Earl of (see Savage, Thomas) Robert I (the Bruce), King of Scotland, 77-78, 85, 89-98, 102, 109, 114, 128, 130, 148, 725, 755 Robert II, King of Scodand, 101, 104 Robert III, King of Scodand, 105 Robert of Normandy, 276 Robison, John, 785-87 Rosencreutz, Christian (C.R.), 287-89, 296, 307, 342-43, 500, 721 Rothes, 6th Earl of (see Leslie, John) Rothes, 7th Earl of (see Leslie, John) Roytell, John, 161, 163 Rubens, Sir Peter Paul, 391, 401, 432-33, 527 Rudolph II, Holy Roman Emperor, 282-83, 348 Rupert, Prince, 617, 624, 677 Rutherford, Andrew, 1st Earl of Teviot, 643-46 Rutherford, Samuel, 488-89 Ruthven, George, 238 Ruthven, Patrick, alchemist, 283, 397, 506-08 Ruthven, Patrick, royalist agent, 524 Ruthven, Sir Patrick, General, 397, 410, 441 Ruthven, Sir Thomas, 506 Ruthven, William, 506 Saadya Gaon, 33-34 Sackville, Sir Thomas, 170 Sacrobosco, Johannes de, 173, 181, 265 Sadler, John, 445-46 St. Albans, 1st Earl of (see Jermyn, Henry) St. Andrew, 97 St.Clair (Sinclair) family, passim St. Clair, Henry, 114 St. Clair, Henry, Dean of Glasgow, 142, 168 St. Clair, John, Dean of Restalgrig, 165 St. Clair, Lord, 584, 764

841

St. Clair, Sir Oliver, 145-46 St. Clair, William, Earl of Caithness and Orkney, 113-24 St. Clair of Roslin, James, 642-43, 645-46, 768 St. Clair of Roslin, James, son of above, 768 St. Clair of Roslin, Sir William (d. 1584), 110, 195, 236, 239 St. Clair of Roslin, Sir William (d. 1650), 386-88, 401-02, 429-30, 433-34, 437, 472 St. Clair of Roslin, WiUiam (d. 1620's), 236-37, 315, 386-87, 788 St. Martin, Louis Claude de, 793 St. Paul, 18, 290-91 St. Thomas of Acre (Thomas à Becket), 81 Saladin, 48, 375 Salian, Gerard, 533 Salisbury, 1st Earl of (see Cecil, Robert) Samber, Robert, 627 Sanclemente, Ambassador, 252 Sandilands, Sir James, 1st Lord Torpichen, 147, 149, 151, 156, 161-62, 167-69, 174-76, 185, 212 Sandilands, John James, 162, 167-69, 175 Sangallo, Antonio de, 269 Sankey, Edward, 479 Sankey, Richard, 477, 479 Sasportas, Jacob, 671 Saubert, Johan, 671-72 Sautre, Brother John de, 87 Savage, Thomas, Earl of Rivers, 654, 662 Savasorda (see Hiyya, Abraham Bar) Scaliger, Joseph, 172-73, 299-301, 340, 405, 445, 553, 617, 621, 727 Scamozzi, Vincenzo, 308, 340 Scarborough, Sir Charles, 726-27 Schaw, Alexander, 363 Schaw, WiUiam, 158, 196-202, 206-08, 214, 216, 218, 221-22, 224-25, 229, 231-40, 243, 260, 269, 314, 317, 322, 324, 327, 333, 346, 355, 363, 365, 374, 383, 387, 421, 434, 632, 647, 659, 673 Scheffer, Johan, 717 Schröter, Dr. Johann (?), 713 Schweigardt, Theophilus, 361, 422 Scogan, John, 362 Scot, Michael, 63-66, 70, 98, 117, 127, 148, 252, 358

842

INDEX

Scot, Patrick, 329-30, 357-59 Scot, Reginald, 227 Scot, Robert le, 86, 90, 93 Scot, Thomas, 90 Scota, 62, 69, 85, 89, 108, 184-85, 204, 236, 240, 291, 322, 341, 578, 790 Scott, Sir Walter, 66, 228 Scotus, John Duns, 69-70, 75, 116-17, 126-27, 136, 405, 617 Scrymgeour of Myres, John, 140 Seaforth, 4th Earl of (see Mackenzie, Kenneth) Seale, Robert, 255 Seale, Thomas, 255 Seget, Thomas, 523n. 11 Seiden, John, 360 Sendivogius, Michael, 281-82, 284, 303, 522-24, 721 Serlio, Sebastian, 258, 269, 340, 370, 388, 422, 667-68 Serrarius, Peter, 549, 674-75 Servi, Constantino de, 274 Seth, 108, 190, 340, 516, 691, 706 Seton, Alexander, alchemist, 281-82, 284, 303, 487, 522-23 Seton, Alexander, 1st Earl of Dunfermline, 198, 206-08, 212, 226, 228-29, 232, 234-35, 237-38, 240, 277, 295, 311-18, 335, 340, 363 Seton, Alexander, 3rd Earl of Dunfermline, 464, 472, 485, 510 Seton, Alexander, Guardian of Torpichen, 98-99 Seton, Charles, 2nd Earl of Dunfermline, 647 Seton, Sir David, 175, 198 Seton, George, 3rd Earl of Winton, 312-15, 417-18 Seton, George, 5th Lord Seton, 163, 168-69, 171, 198-99, 207 Seton, Lady Janet, 148 Seton, Sir John, 224 Seton, Robert, 6th Lord Seton and 1st Earl of Winton Seton, Sophia, 317 Seton (Montgomery), family, 113, 124, 148 Seton of Gordon, Alexander, 112 Sexby, Edward, Colonel, 535 Shadwell, Thomas, 708-09, 758, 779, 790 Shaftesbury, 1st Earl of (see Ashley Cooper, Anthony)

Shakespeare, William, 279-80, 324 Shapira, Nathan, 549-50 Sharp, James, Archbishop of St. Andrews, 723 Sheeres, Henry, 735 Sheldon, Gilbert, Archbishop of Canterbury, 635, 642, 658-62, 665, 692, 698, 700-01 Shelley, Sir Richard, 163 Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 163 Shirley, James, 424 Sibbald, Sir Robert, 726-27 Sidney, Sir Philip, 203-06, 253 Simeon Ben Yohai, 55 Simon Magus, 493 Skelton, John, 362 Skytte, Bengt, 599, 603, 605, 608, 666 Smith, James, 389 Smith, James, architect, 724, 740, 755, 763, 775 Socrates, 67, 267, 659 Solomon, King of Israel, passim Sorbière, Samuel de, 565η.162, 583, 608, 623 Sparrow, John, 486-88 Speed, William, 400 Spens, James, 397 Spencer, Sir Edward, 527-28 Spenser, Edmund, 273 Spicer, William, 246 Spinola, Ambrogio, 350, 377 Spinoza, Benedict (Baruch), 549, 674, 701, 713 Spottiswoode, John, Archbishop of St. Andrews, 323, 419, 438 Sprat, Thomas, Bishop of Rochester, 583, 623-24, 639, 646, 680, 694 Stanislaus I (Leszczynski), King of Poland, 793 Starck, Johann August, 582 Starkey, John, "Eirenaeus Philalethes," 616-17 Stephen de Stapelbrugge, 90 Stewart, Alexander, Bishop of St. Andrews, 133, 135-36 Stewart, Lord James, 141 Stewart, James, Earl of Moray, 177 Stewart, John, poet, 322 Stewart, Lord John, 171 Stewart, John, Duke of Albany, 132 Stewart, John, 1 st Earl of Traquair, 402, 405, 416-17, 438-39, 450, 472, 476, 486 Stewart of Darnley, Sir John, 112

843

INDEX

Sthael, Peter, 601, 720 Stickells, Robert, 245-47 Stillingfleet, Edward, Bishop of Worcester, 771-72 Stirling, 1st and 3rd Earls of (see Alexander, Henry and William) Stoke, Brother John de, 87 Stone, John (d. 1618), 330 Stone, John, 436, 473, 628 Stone, Nicholas, 269, 312-14, 330-34, 394, 408, 425, 429, 436, 472, 628 Story, Abraham, 699, 703, 710 Strachan of Thornton, Sir Alexander, 428, 433, 436 Strafford, 1st Earl of (see Wentworth, Thomas) Strong, Edward, 746 Struthers, Lionel, 282 Stuart, Charles, 3rd Duke of Lennox and Richmond, 617 Stuart, Charles Edward, the "Young Pretender," 277, 724, 776, 782, 784 Stuart, Elizabeth, "Winter Queen" of Bohemia, 278-80, 283, 286, 289-92, 342, 345, 349-50, 375, 382, 408, 533-34, 542, 579, 587, 617 Stuart, Esmé, Seigneur d'Aubigny and First Duke of Lennox, 192-96, 262, 364 Stuart, Henry, Prince of Wales, 194, 224, 230-31, 248-49, 262, 264, 270-80, 283, 289, 345, 372, 394 Stuart, Ludovick, Second Duke of Lennox and Richmond, 262, 333, 348, 364 Stuart, Mary, Princess of Orange, 408, 453-54 Stuart, Robert, Lord of Albany (Aubigny), 342 Stubbe, Henry, 694 Studion, Simon, 280, 283-85, 362, 376 Suffolk, 3rd Earl of (see Howard, James) Suger, Abbot of Saint-Denis, 44, 47-48 Surenhuys, Wilhem, 707 Swedenborg, Emanuel, ix-xii, 49, 793 Swift, Jonathan, 61-62, 69, 73, 94, 103, 164, 269, 394, 577, 622, 627, 643, 683, 758-62, 769, 780-81, 784, 787-93 Sylvester, Joshua, 187, 212

Talbot, Richard, 1st Earl of Tyrconnell, 760-61, 768 Talbot, Richard, 3rd Earl of Tyrconnell, 761n.81 Talman, William, 777 Tasso, Torquato, 275-76, 491 Temple, Sir Richard, 610 Temple, Sir William, 787-88 Templo, Solomon Jehudah Leon, 771 Tertullian, 713 Tessin, Carl Gustaf, 575, 717, 776 Tessin, Bernard, 641, 643, 735n.219 Tessin, Hans Ewald, xi, 513, 571, 575-76, 582, 641, 643, 645, 717, 735 Tessin, Nicodemus, 717 Teviot, 1st Earl of (see Rutherford, Andrew) Texeira, Abraham, 533, 540 Theodore I, King of Corsica, 793 Thorn, Alexander, 750 Thomas of Erceldoune, "The Rhymer," 293, 554 Thompson, John, 698 Thornborough, John, Bishop of Worcester, 306, 348, 357, 447, 449 Thorowgood, Thomas, 606 Thorpe, John, 247, 370 Throckmorton, Ambassador, 167-68 Thurloe, John, 523, 537, 574 Tibbon, Samuel Ibn, 64 Tichborne, Robert, 616 Titus, Roman Emperor, 19, 375, 471, 637 Toland, John, 791 Tonge, Ezerel, 625, 641-42, 645-46, 710, 718-22, 731 Topsell, Edward, 268-69 Torpichen, 1st Lord (see Sandilands, James) Torrentius (Jan Symonsz van der Beck), 382, 545 Townshend, Aurelian, 407, 410 Traquair, 1st Earl of (see Stewart,

John)

Treloar, Thomas, 669, 672-74, 709 Tremellius, John Immanuel, 154, 208 Tresham, Sir Thomas (Grand Prior of England), 162 Tresham, Sir Thomas, 244-47, 370 Trithemius, Johannes, 220, 256, 293, 360, 597, 727 Tudor, Margaret, Queen of Scotland, 127, 132

844

INDEX

Tudor, Mary, Queen of England, 161-62, 251 Turner, Dr. Robert, 616 Tweeddale, 2nd Earl of (see Hay, John) Tycho Brahe, 217-21, 223, 281, 289, 346, 368, 560, 565-66, 612 Tyrconnell, 1st and 3rd Earls of (see Talbot, Richard) Urban VI, Pope, 103 Urquhart of Cromarty, Sir Thomas, 513-16, 715 Urquhart of Lethintie, Patrick, 429 Ursinus, Johannes Heinrich, 679 Valerianus, 620 Vaninus, 722 Vasari, Giorgio, 367 Vaughan, Henry, 447, 495-96, 501-02, 505, 556-57, 622, 653, 685, 687 Vaughan, Rebecca, 557 Vaughan, Richard, Earl of Carbury, 612, 614 Vaughan, Thomas ("Eugenius Philalethes"), 287n.l65, 470, 495-500, 502, 504, 522, 524-26, 535, 556-57, 568, 596, 599, 603, 605, 609, 611, 614, 616-17, 622, 650-53, 658, 660, 666, 693-94, 790 Vaughan, William, 377-80, 382, 384 Vautrollier, Thomas, 204-05 Vaux, Edward, 4th Lord Vaux of Harrowden, 353 Veitch of Dawick, Sir John, 450-51, 458, 631 Vere, Aubrey de, 20th Earl of Oxford, 617 Verona, Antonio Maria de, 454-54 Villalpando, Juan Bautista, 250-51, 256, 331-32, 337, 352, 370, 454, 490, 549, 553, 570, 672, 699-700, 704-05 Villars, Abbé de Montfaucon de, 713-15, 728, 790 Villiers, George, 1st Duke of Buckingham, 194, 318, 329, 350-55, 365-69, 377, 381, 385, 389, 483-84, 489, 505, 567, 570 Villiers, George, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, 509-11, 583, 595, 611, 615-16, 619-20, 629-30, 644,

651-55, 680-81, 685, 688, 694, 696, 700, 719, 722, 729-30, 758, 761, 778, 790 Violet, Thomas, 591 Virgil, 779-80 Vitruvius Pollio, Marcus, 111, 217, 219, 221, 258, 263, 266, 334, 340, 366, 411, 462, 667, 703, 710, 780 Voltaire, François Marie Arouet de, 793 Wallace, William, master mason, 313-14, 317, 374, 388 WaUace, Sir William, 87, 89, 262, 554 Waller, Edmund, 474 Wallis, John, 625 Walsh, Antoine Vincent, 782 Walsh, James, 769, 782 Walter, Dr. Balthasar, 487 Walter of Clifton, Brother, 90 Walter the Steward, 80 Walton, Dr. Brian, 570 Waltoun, John de, 106 Washington, George, 793 Waters, Robert, 710 Watson, Thomas, 205 Webb, John, 458, 473, 509, 570, 628-29, 631, 640, 648-50, 654, 665, 678-79, 703 Wedderburn, Robert, 151-54, 156 Weemes, John, 405, 408 Weldon, Sir Anthony, 193, 323 Wentworth, Thomas, 1st Earl of Strafford, 430, 448 Wharton, George, 481 Whitney, Geoffrey, 319 Wilkins, John, Bishop of Chester, 569, 597-99, 603-05, 625, 644, 693, 727, 748 William of Genoa, 275 William II, Prince of Orange, 453-55, 467, 470, 545 William III, Prince of Orange and King of Britain, 758, 762-83 pasnm Williams, John, Bishop of London, 370-71 Williamson, Joseph, 716, 719, 734 Willis, John, 477, 715-16 Willis, Sir Richard, 576 Winton, 1st and 3rd Earls of (see Seton, Robert and George) Worthington, Dr. John, 560, 600, 602-05

INDEX

Wotton, Sir Henry, 365-69, 485, 522, 598 Wren, Christopher, Dean of Windsor 598, 675 Wren, Sir Christopher, 30, 47, 256, 512, 568, 597-99, 601, 605, 630-32, 635, 640, 646, 648, 650, 654, 664-65, 667, 671, 675, 687, 698-99, 703-06, 709-10, 716-17, 727, 729, 731, 746-48, 776-79, 781 Wren, Matthew, Dean of Windsor and Bishop of Ely, 598, 681

Yeats, William Butler, ix, xii Yllan, Juan de, 675 Young, Nicholas, 704 Young, Peter, 178, 212 Younge, Walter, 353-54 Zeamons, David, 610 Zerubbabel, 12, 20, 167, 590, 731 Zevi, Sabbatai, x, 1, 674-77, 701-02 Ziegler, Philip, 380-82, 393, 454 Zoroaster, 135, 361, 679 Zozimos, 27, 293

845