PS Magazine Issue 72 1958 Series [72 ed.]

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Citation preview

These are some of the words being bandied about these days by men who are looking to what future war might be like. The new organizations such as the Pentomic outfits all point to the way things will be-real spread out, with no friendly old umpteenth division on your i elbow and no hustling Colonel I 's Battalion on your left. It looks like there'll be no solid fronts such as you had in World War II and the Korean episode .. . no big maintenance and supply outfits backing you up from right behind the hill.

Instead, each unit will be out on its own with its re-suppiy coming in by air most of the time. Maintenance, for the most part, will be limited to what you can do right there in your own unit. That's why Preventive Maintenance -the right kind of care and operation you as the operator, gunner, driver, or user of equipment do-is going to be so aU-fired important. Because, chances are, you've got to keep that vehicle, weapon, radio-or whatever you've got -operating and fighting at its best till the operation's over . . . and you never know when that'll be.

1958 S.ri.,

Published by the Deportment of the Army for the

infonnatlon of orgaRizatlonal maintenance and supply personnel. Distribution is made through normai publication channels. Within limits of availability, older issues may be obtained direct from Preventive Maintenance Agency, Raritan Arsenal, Metuchen, New Jersey.

IN THIS ISSUE EQUIPMENT

These are some of the words being bandied about these days by men who are looking to what future war might be like. The new organizations such as the Pentomic outfits all point to the way things will be-real spread out, with no friendly old umpteenth division on your i elbow and no hustling Colonel I 's Battalion on your left. It looks like there'll be no solid fronts such as you had in World War II and the Korean episode ... no big maintenance and supply outfits backing you up from right behind the hill.

Instead, each unit will be out on its own with its re-supply coming in by ai r most of the time. Maintenance, for the most part, will be limited to what you can do righ t there in your own unit. That's why Preventive Maintenance -the right kind of care and operation you as the operator, gunner, driver, or user of equipment do-is going to be so all-fired important. Because, chances are, you've got to keep that vehicle, weapon, radio-or whatever you've got -operating and fighting at its best till the operation 's over . .. and you never know when that'll be.

Ammunition 2 Protective Masks 12,26 Missiles 12,16,41 Tracked Vehicles 19,26,57,63 Bridge Eredion Boats 24 Webbing Equipment 27 Hoses and Nozzles 28 Wheeled Vehicles 37, 38, 39, 62 Publications and forms 40,50 Materiols Handling Equipment 39,64 Signal Tools , 42 Army Aircraft 50 Diesel Air Cleaners 55 Armament 58 Airborne Equipment 60 Skysweeper 62 DEPARTMENTS

That's why the PM you do today means the difference between win or lose when the big show starts: Your equipment and you will be ready. The equipment you've got today is what you fight with tomorrow. The PM know-how you get today will take you through the fight tomorrow. If you're the guy who says: "Oh, well, 1'1/ check that Mule's oil tomorrow," or " My rifle will be OK till next week," you'll be the one who'll never get the chance to rear back and tell the boys how rough it was.

Connie Rodd Question and Answer Contributions Connie Rodd's Briefs

/'

26 37 63 65

PS wants your ideas and contributions, and is glad to answer your questions. Just write to: Sit Half· Mast, PSt Raritan Metuchen. New Jersey. Names and in confidence.

Published by the Department of the Army for the information of organizational maintenance and sup· ply personnel. Distribution is made through normal publication channels. Within limits of availability, older issues may be obtained direct from Preventive Maintenance Agency, Raritan Arsenal, Metuchen, New Jersey.

IN THIS ISSUE EQUIPMENT Ammunition 2 12,26 Protective Masks 12,16,41 Missiles Tracked Vehicles 19,26,57,63 Bridge Erection Boats 24 Webbing Equipment 27 28 Hoses and Nozzles 37,38,39,62 Wheeled Vehicles 40,50 Publications and Forms Materials Handling Equipment 39,64 42 Signal Tools Army Aircraft 50 55 Diesel Air Cleaners Armament 58 Airborne Equipment 60 62 Skysweeper

That's why the PM you do today means the difference between win or lose when the big show storts: Your equipment and you will be ready. The equipment you've got today is what you Fight with tomorrow. The PM know-how you get today will take you through the Fjght tomorrow. IF you're the guy who says: "Oh, well, I'll check that Mule 's oil tomorrow," or "My rifle will be OK till next week," you'll be the one who'll never get the chance to rear back and tell the boys how rough it was.

DEPARTMENTS Connie Rodd Question and Answer Contributions Connie Rodd's Briefs

?'

26 37 63 65

PS wants your ideas and contributions, and is glad to answer your questions. Just write to: Sgt Half· Mast, PS, Raritan Arsenal, Metuchen, New Jersey. Names and addresses are kept in confidence.

DIRT Take dirt, grime and grease as a f'rinstance. T hat junk has no place on any kind of ammo. And it doesn't belong in the chamber, bore or firing mechanism of any weapon-whether it's a .22-cal a 2S0-mm gun.

DIRT Take dirt, grime and grease as a f'rinstance. That junk has no place on any kind of ammo. And doesn't belong in the chamber, bore or firing anism of any weapon-whether it's a .22-cal 1'».o'J- ._ _

..:!..,-,-.:..:.:.r...:.J'o, a 2SD-mm gun.

CORROSION

Proper storage plays a big part in halting ammo trouble.

One thing you wanna do is stack your shooting material in neat piles, whether it's in packing cases or containers. And make sure you stack by lot n·umber.

The stuff oughra be stacked on "!~~~~~ some sorta dunnage, like a pallet, to raise it approximately three _ __ inches from the ground. You can _-=_-=-- ...:_ ~-~:..--~ . even use tree branches in a pinch. Even with the three inches, you oughta pick out a stacking area that's on high ground. If you don't have much choice, it's a good idea to dig drainage ditches so rain water'lI detour l;

_;:- _ _..:

around the piles. In case you're in a hot, humid place, keep checking for fungi, termites and corrosion. And, wherever you are, rig up a tarp that'll protect the ammo from anything that comes from outta the sky-rain, snow or sun. Keep the carp at least six inches from the stack, to give the air a chance to move around. The same goes for sandbags or any other barricade you may put around the ammo-at least six inches away. 4

The stacks of ammo oughta be certain distances from each other-depending on the kind and amount of ammo. That way, if one lets go with a barrage, the others won't have much of a chance of joining in the fireworks. But don't scatter the stacks so's one of 'em falls under the sweep of your weapon. When in doubt on how's and where's of ammo stacking check with your Ordnance Ammunition Officer.

LOADING Once you get ready for loading a weapon there are some more things to remember. If you're firing artillery rounds, remove only the ammo and components you're gonna use from the containers. But, in case your figures don't work out, put the stuff back in the containers ... and keep your lot numbers straight.

MISFIRE After the man says, "Commence Firing," there acc three words a guy handling a weapon and ammo never likes to hearmisfire, hangfirc and cookoff. A misfire doesn't mean you

should make for the hills, providing it is a misfire. You can get a misfire 'cause the firing mechanism or explosive train

in the charge is bollexed up.

HANG.laE Trouble is . .. what you think is a misfire may actually be a hangfire. And that is something to think about. With a hangfire, there's a fculup in the explosive train after the hammer hits the primer. Maybe the holdup will be for a split second ... maybe for a cDupla minutes. Vou just doo't know. That means you oughta wait for a spell before opening the breech on artillery weapons ... the bolt on small arms. And keep the shootin' iron on target and the muzzle and breech ends clear of animals-human and the other kind. It's 'specially important to have lots of empty space at the rear of a recoilless rifle or rocket launcher. Your best bet is to check your FM and TM to see how long you wait to open the breech or bolt when you run into a hang. fire. The waiting time is different for different weapons.

COOKOFF Course ... you don't wanna ~ waste time when the weapon is

hot as ... well ... hot. When a round stays in the chamber of a hot weapon for awhile, you're setting up things for a cookoff. And you know that in a cookoff any or all of the explosive parts in a round begin to act up. _~.,,,,,".,--: More'n likely the primer or charge will cook off. 6

If the primer or charge cooks off, the projectile will take off from the weapon without any help from you. But a cookoff in the bursting charge explosive train could mean adios weapon. When you're of a mind that you've got the start of a cookoff on.your hands, you wanna handle things the same as with a hangfire. In case you can't fire the round or remove it, you and the rest of the crew might JUSt as well take a break and wait for the weapon to cool down.

FUZES It wouldn't do to gab about ammo without saying somethin' about fuzes. There are different types of fuze action (superquick, delay and non-delay) but all of 'em hafta be handled the same way - with care. They're sensitive to touch-like touching the ground all of a sudden. That's 'cause their innards are made up of high explosive chemicals. Like with ammo .. . you wanna keep fuzes outta the way of the sun or anything else that makes heat. High temperatures can throw off the timing in the fuze. Separately issued fuzes-the kind that are screwed into separate-loading projectiles, for example-are best left in their airtight containers until JUSt before you're ready to use 'em. When you're fuzing separate-loading projectiles, make sure you use the right fuze wrench. Then set the fuze with the fuze setter that's meant for the job. Another thing to keep in mind is that some fuze-projectile assemblies need staking to keep 'em from coming apart when you set the fuze. Remember to set the fuze in the direction of increasing readings. And, if you want to reset or return the fuze to safe, keep turning in the direction of increasing readings. Once the ammo has been fuzed .. . the time to pull the safety wire from the fuze is JUSt before shooting away. In case something comes up and you don't fire the fuzed ammo, replace the safety wire pronto. Another thing ... don't try to find out what makes a fuze "tick" by taking it apart unless- unless you're ready for your set of wings. Only authorized ammo people can do that and then only'with an OK from the Chief of Ordnance. 7

PRIMERS You also wanna handle primers with care 'cause they are made of sensitive explosive and a charge of black powder. Black powder has a way of gobbling up moisture so you've gana be on the lookout for cocrosion on the primers. You stop corrosion before it starts by keeping primers in their moistureproof containers. That goes for deals where the primer is part of the cartridge case-like with fixed, semifixed and separated ammo-or by itself-like with the separate-loading stuff. Of the four rypes of primers-electric, percussion. combination clccccic-percllssion and ignition - the ones involving electricity need special attention. When you're working around electric primers, remember: Don't have a live round in the chamber of your weapon when your electric leads are out in the open. Be careful when you're wearing clothing made outta wool, fur or anything else that might generate static electricity into action. Another good thing to remember when you're handling ammo that has the primer in the base ... pass the round with the primer up and fuze down-outta the way of things that might get in the way.

DUDS

"~illiilll~I.~!Jq

There's gonna be a time when you fire an artillery round, mortar shell or maybe toSS a hand grenade ... and you won't hear the "whumph" of the ammo hitting home. Could be any number of reasons for the ammo not iening go, but they all add up to one thingyou fired a dud. S

~ ~

• •

;

,

'~

"~

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D on '( m ess around with a dud. More 'n one has come to life just when a guy was hand ling it. W hat you do-and do soon as quick-is tell your CO about any d ud you've come across. H e' ll get in touch w ith the local Ordnance Officer .. he's the g uy who' ll take care of the d ud.

REPORTS I n case a round goes off as it leaves the m uzzle. you've gOt a p remat ure burst . .. or you may get a short round. T h at's when it comes in handy co know w h at it says in AR 700-1300-8 (1 2 Feb 58 ). T he AR gives you the scoop on h ow to report m a lfllne· rions in volving ammo and explosives, includi ng missile sruff. You won't fill o ut any forms, but yo u' ll be supplying answers that w ill go into the report on the malfunction. And, (he more p oop you give the man w ho comes a round CO see you, (he better the chance you won 't have any more troubles later on. So .. . when something goes wrong, get together with your crew and go over this list so's you'll have a ll the answers it's possible for you to give.

o (aliber, type and model. o The industrial outfit or arsenal that made it. o Serial number.

o Whether the fire was dow, rapid and the like. o Elevation, fuze seHing and zone in which weapon WtlS fired.

0 0 0

0 0

Retoillen9th. Range to target (ondition of weapon before the malfunction. The way the weapon looked after the mtllfUnclion. Number of rounds ffred on the day of the malfunction.

O . With wetlpons over 37 -mm, except laun(hers for rockets or guided missiles, the overall number of rounds fired before the malfunction. Alro total number of rounds fired after last pullover gage reading. If the tube is koput or Ordnance con't get a gage to make a pullover gage reading of the tube, they'll wont fa look at the Weapon Record Book.

DE$CRIP'RON OF MALFUNCtiON

WWoN

o Whether the weapon wos working""up to snuff just before the malfunction.

o How the weapon acted when ihe malfunction come.

o Whot was going on in the area just be-

fore the malfunction and what the crew did right after it

UHITION

o With a premature burst, was it high or low order and how for from the muzzle or the end of o

the launcher? Also was there anything in line of fire, anything in the tube or. on the roils of the launcher, was the seHing of the dual purpose or time fuze checked, was there any unburned powder, salts and the like in the tuhe? Were the TM's being followed to the leHer and was there any sidetrocking-like using more propellant than coiled for by the weapon ood the round?

_'0 _ _ • Including Mortar Rounds and Rockets

o Caliber, type Dnd model. Give,the entire · o What industrial plant, arsenal or depot made the ammo:? o Complete ammunition lot number.

D

o Heodstomping

0

;0

Type and model of fuze. Include lot number. on cortridge thot went sour.

-

i ."~ '. ' . '.

J j ,,.: .• ~~ ~ ~~~ ~1

Federal Stock Number and Defense De- . porlmenl Identificotion Code.

;"

-' .

_0-

,-

_

Shope of the ammo before firing-like whether it had been in its original cantainer and the length of time it had been ' out of the (ontoin&!'. Also a record of previous rounds. Total number of rounds of the same kind of ammo that's on hondo

SIP~~E "O~DII!IOA""""maN PROJEml.I

o (aliber, type and model. o Where it was loaded-what plont, af5enal or depot?

PROPELUNG •cMAlte

o Caliber, type and model. o Who made if? o Powder lot number. o Weight of charge, plus info on the num-

pings were in.

o Pressure ond velocity of rounds that went

ber of increments used with the malfunctioned round. FUZE Type and model. Plonf or orsenal that mode it. Lot number. Condition of the fuze packing.iust before the fuze was taken from its container ond the length of time before it was used.

bad-~

o

the info can be had.

0 ; A ,stotement

o o o

o

thotthe fuze hod been screwed horne by hond ond then seated right with 0 fuze wrench before looding. The selling of the time fuze. Or if it was (I dual purpose fuze,. whether it wos stt for instantoneous or delay oefion.

0

Nome of the manufacturer.

PRIMER

o Type and model.

GREMADIlI

Bla,to:;fQWd8l' SiiMD;8;Chci~~ "'_ ilia: ubi:

o Type end model.

0 10

Manufacturer.

o Lot number.

MMUNITIOII

0 :Amount of the some lot on hand.

time it was exposed to the weather and a record of previous items of the same lot.

o All possible scoop about tire condition the

o If a fute is used, the nome of the manu-

stuff was in before the malfunction-like being in its original container, length of

facturer, type or model and lot number.

JlANGE .~f I'lIAGMIIISS

0 , The path the fragments probably took.

o

Distance of fragments from where malfunction oCClfrred.

WEAlHIII.

Lcay.r;t"""""" aoJi_.rTli",p o Weather, including high and low tem-

peratures. Date and time of day of malfunction. ;[1 Terrain 01 the gun position (woods, rocks, etc} Things around the weapon like overhanging trees, camouflage and the like which may have been in the line of fire. C:] Spot where ,projectile fell compared with where it WJB supposed to go.

o

o

sour.

SEPARAtE L~bltt. AMM~ PROIEcnI.E Caliber, type Dnd model. Where it was loaded-what plont, arsenal or depot? PROPELJ.ING ·tHA_ Caliber, type and model. Who made it? Powder lot number. Weight of charge, plus info on the number of increments used with the malfunctioned round.

o o

o Whether the muzzle was dose enough fa o o

the ground for pebbles or dirt to be blown into tbe bore by the -blast from the pre· viaus round. Impact area (grovel, frees or what have you). Description of artificial barriers -like sandbags-the training Course layoul and so on, if they were involved.

\"\lhen you run into a malfunction or accident, your unit commander or range officer will suspend the ammo with the backing of the local Ordnance Officer.

AMMO PUBLICATIONS

o o o o

pings Were in.

o Pressure and velocity of rounds that went bod-if the info can be. had.

FUZE

o Type and model. o Plant or orsenol that mode it. o lot number. o (ondition of the fuze packing Just before

0 ,' Aslotement that the fuze had -oeen screwed home by hand and then seoled right with (I fuze wrench before loading.

o The seHing of the time fuze. Or if it was

a dual purpose fuze, whether it was set for instantaneous or delay action.

the fuze wos loken from its container and the length of time before it was used. PRIMER D Type and model.

TM 9·1900 (June 19561,which ;, on ammo in generoL

[J 1M 9·1901 (Sep 1950), pluschanges 1,2,

0

Name of Ihe manufacturer.

GRENADES'

Bllrc"~~erSiIIUII'" Chargm a!'d :fu.i.iklo

o Type and model.

0 10

Manufacturer.

3 and 4. Your Ordnance support has this one and it's on "Artillery Ammunition." (Oct 1956) pluschanges 1,2, 3,4 and 5. An Ord support TM covering

o 1M 9·1903

"Care, Handling, structian of Ammunition."

o AR 385·63 (5 Dec 1955) plus changes 1 and 2, which talk about ammo safety. o AR 700·1300·8 (12 Feb 58), which lells about reporting ammo malfunctions. o AR 385·40 (11 Feb 581. This one', on

o Lot number.

o Amount of the same lot on hand.

:0 All possible scoop about the condition the sluff was in before the malfunction-like being in its originol (ontainer, length of

lime it was exposed to the weather and a record of previous items of the same lot.

o If a fuze Is used, the nome of the manu-

facturer, type or model and lot number.

RAlilGE OF fRAGMENTS

o The palh Ihe fragmenls probably look.

o Distance of frogments from where mol· function oCClUred.

WEATHa '-y o'·CI!i+: ...........iI' Other 'fIo11tg.

0 ' Weather,

induding high and low lem-

peratures.

o Date and time of day of malfunction. o Terrain af the gun position (woods, rocks, eld Things around the weapon like overhanging trees, camouflage and the like which , may hove been in the line of fire. ;Spot where projectile fell compared with where it was supposed to go.

o q

o Whether the muzzle was dose enough to o o

the ground for pebbles or dirt to be blown into the bore by the-blast from the previous round. Impact area (gravel, trees or what hove you). Description of artificiol borrim - like sandbags-the training COUf5e loyout and so on, if they were inyolved.

When you run into a malfunction or accident, your unit commander or range officer will suspend the ammo with the backing of the local Ordnance Officer.

AMMO PUBLICATIONS

o

o

ammo in general. TM 9-1901 (Sep 19501,pluschanges 1,2, 3 and 4. Your Ordnance support has this one ond it's on "Artillery Ammunition." TM 9-1903 (0"19561 plus changes 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, An O,d support TM covering

"(are, Handling, struction of Ammunition."

o AR 385·63 (5 Dec 19551 plus changes I and 2, which tolk obout ommo safety. o AR 700-1300-8 112 Feb 581, which lells about reporting ommo malfunctions. o AR 385·40 III Feb 581. This ane's an

..

lIissll.me;r Now ton-

BREATHE

~. '-~'"-;---'

~~~~ You

tOO

can wear a magic

control1~er~.;;;--~~--.-_

_ _-

less likely to break a strap. You may not see this in a slick magazine ad, but this is what the smart guided missile man will want to keep handy to wear around his missile. It's the new MIS compressed air breathing apparatus (FSN 4240-049-5435) that's taking the place of the M13 oxygen breathing apparatus.

BEFORE YOU USE IT Here's what you do when you get your breathing apparatus to make sure it's

OK

to use:

Then toke 0 look at your head harness assembly-it - - - - -...:II[.~r.!! oughtn 't to be twisted or have damaged webbing. And see if the lenses have been treated with the anti-dim cloth. If you're in doubt, treat them again (per instructions on the MI antidimcontainerl. look atthe facepiece to make sure you 've not got any holes or tears in the rubber, or broken, (hipped or badly scratched lenses. Check your breathing tube and the low-pressure hose assembly to see that they're not domaged. 12

.J

____

You'll breathe easier once you try this new number. It has many advantages ovec the old type. The adjustable harness can be shortened or lengthened so it'll fit more comfortably. \Vhen it fits right, it won't shift, ride or slide, and you' ll be

5.::=::;;;;:;~:':""______~.....__jlj~~~C:z~~~a~,-,~~~~~_~.,,-~..l"

You tOO can wear a magic contrOller

You'll breathe easier once you try this new number. It has many advantages over the o ld type. The adjustable harness can be shortened or lengthened so it'll fit more comfortably. When it fits right, it won't shift, ride or slide, and you'll be less likely to break a strap. You may not see this in a slick magazine ad, but this is what the smart guided missile man will want to keep handy to wear around his missile. It's the new MI5 compressed air breathing apparatus (FSN 4240-049-5435) that's taking the place of the M13 oxygen breathing apparatus.

See that all connections of your bock-pack assembly, low-pressure hose assembly, and demand regulalor are light.

Check your air pressure. Your dial-indieating gage tells you how much pressure you've got in the cylinders. When the pressure indicator points to the black port of the dial you know it's OK. Bul when il poinls 10 the red part of your dial, you know the pressure's below working level-time for a recharge.

Your safety plug and safely plug disk on the dummy head and pressure regulator should be in place and in good condition; the cap ought to be firmly in place on the connector.

BEFORE YOU USE I T Here's what you do when you get your breathing apparatus to make sure it's OK to use:

Then take a look at your head harness assembly-it - - - - -..~[~~r! oughtn't to be twisted or have damaged webbing.

~:~t;;e ~!t~h~h~en;~:i_~~~e S:~~

~

--;;iii. .';:

""Ai ~~il~a

If you're in doubt, treat them again (per instructions on the MI antidim (ontainerl. look ot the facepiece to make sure you've not got any holes or tears in the rubber, or broken, chipped or badly scratched lenses,

Check your breathing tube and the low-pressure hose assembly to see that they're not damaged. 12

P U TTING IT If it checks Out OK-here's how you put it on. You wear it over your coveralls but under your tie-down hood. JUSt put your arms through 'the shoulder straps of the harness assembly and raise the cylinders on your back. Fasten the snap hook on the right shoulder-strap assembly to the D-ring on your left shoulder-strap assembly. Then let Out or take up the straps so the topS of the cylinders are level with your shoulders and are held snug to your back. Keeping it high on your back'll make it easier to carry. You fasten your belt assembly by hooking the snap hook to the D-ring and adJUSt it to fit snug. Then fasten your snap hook on the demand regulator and the snap assembly to the D-ringon your left shoulder-strap assembly. Put your facepiece on and adjust the head harness straps so the mask'I1 fit snug on your facc. 13

See that all connections of your bock-pock assembly, low.pressure hose assembly, and demand regulator are tight.

- -::-.... Check your air pressure, Your dial·indicating gage tells you how much pressure you've got in the cylinders. When the pressure indicator points fo the block port of the dial you know it's OK, But when it points to the red part of your dial, you know the pressure's below working level-time for a recharge.

Your safety plug and safety plug disk on the dummy head and pressure regulator should be in place and in good condition; the cop ought to be firmly in ploce on the connector.

PUTTING IT If it checks out OK-here's how you put it on. You wear it over your coveralls but under your tie-down hood. JUSt put your arms through 'the sho ulder straps of the harness assembly and raise t he cylinders on your back. Fasten the snap hook on the righ t shou lder.strap assembly to the D-ring on your left shou lder-strap assembly. Then let out or take up the straps so the tOpS of the cylinders are level with your shoulders and are held snug to your back. Keeping it high on your back'll make it easier to carry. You fasten your belt assembly by hooking the snap hook to the D-ring and ad just it to fit snug. Then fasten your snap hook on the demand regu lator and the snap assembly to the D-ring on your left shoulder-strap assembly. P ut your face piece on and adjust t he head harness straps so the mask'll fit snug on your face. 13

BEFORE OPERATI ON CHECK~~~

Now you're ready to it out on yourself. Before you (onrted the breathing tUDe assembly to the demand regulator assembly, make o test of your facepiece.

Kink the b...,thing tube Of dose the opening in 'he (o~ing ~th your hand ~~ themr woo', go· into the:1reathing tube assembly: ~ Breathe in ~Iowly and hold your b. reath. The facepiece stnurld [ogapse pgoinst your foea.

I

I

If it doesn't, then air's leaking either around your facepiece or through a hole in your facepiece or breathing tube. Try readjusting your head harness for a better fit and check again for leaks. If this doesn 't help, better turn the whole deal in for another' one because there may be a leak in the mask itself or the tube assembly. With your breathing tube assembly blocked shuc, breathe out-let the air go through your outlet valve in the facepiece. If the air doesn't escape through that outlet valve, bener get another apparatus.

OPER ATING Y O U R M US Now you 're ready to start the breathing apparatus. Pick an area that doesn't have toxic fumes-then, with your right hand , open your ON-OFF valve by turning the valve knob counterclockwise as far as it'll go. Screw the coupling assembly of your breathing tube to the adapter on the demand regulator and tighten it hand-tight (no wrench or other tool). Your breathing apparatus is now in operation. Each time you breathe in, the demand valve automatically opens bringing in to your facepiece enough air for one breath. And at the end of each breath your demand valve closes and the air stops flowing into your facepiece. When you breathe out the air goes out through your outlet valve. 14

TAKE IT OFF Here's what you do to Stop your breaching apparatus. Make sure you're away from toxic fumes. Then-take off your hood (if you used one) and the facepiece group, and un-

~ screw the breaching tube coupling from the demand regulator. "-'. Usc your right hand to turn the shutoff valve knobc1ockwise as far as it'll go \ ' (hut don't try to force it). This closes ' the ON-OFF valve and shuts off the air supply from the cylinders. ll.A.U~ £4 , To take your apparatus off-unhook your demand regulator and snap assembly from the D-ripg on the left shoulder-strap assembly. Undo the snap hook on the belt assembly from the D-ring. Unhook the snap hook on your right shoulderstrap assembly from the D-ring on the left shoulder-strap assembly. Hold the apparatus to keep it f rom falling, and take off your harness assembly.

AFTER USE Now ••. again treat Ibe eyepieces of the mask with th~ ,onti·dim cloth. This'Jl get your lenses in shopefO{ the ne~t time tney'f! used.

Before poc:king your ~quipment away, check the oir pressure in the cylinders. If the pre:ssure gage indicator is in the red, fhen you'll know the equipment is ready to go to your second· echelon maintenance people for a cytinder recharge.

And lost, pack your equipment in its case. Put it in so's the mask, tube or harness won't be pinched or crushed. If you need a rechorge, take the whole kaboodle 10 the re

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