Pro SQL Server 2022 Administration: A guide for the modern DBA 9781484288634, 9781484288641
Get your daily work done efficiently using this comprehensive guide for SQL Server DBAs that covers all that a practicin
598 383 40MB
English Pages 990 Year 2023
Table of contents :
Table of Contents
About the Author
About the Technical Reviewer
Acknowledgments
Part I: Installation and Configuration
Chapter 1: Planning the Deployment
Editions and License Models
Hardware Considerations
Specifying Strategic Minimum Requirements
Storage
Locally Attached Storage
RAID 0
RAID 1
RAID 5
RAID 10
File Placement
Solid-State Drives (SSDs)
Working with a SAN
Disk Block Size
Cloud Storage
Operating Systems Considerations
Configuring the Operating System
Setting the Power Plan
Optimizing for Background Services
Assigning User Rights
Initializing the Instant File
Locking Pages in Memory
SQL Audit to the Event Log
Selecting Features
Instance Features
Database Engine Service
Analysis Services
Shared Features
Data Quality Client
Integration Services
SQL Client Connectivity SDK
Master Data Services
SQL Server Extension for Azure
Summary
Chapter 2: GUI Installation
Obtaining SQL Server Media
Installation Center
The Planning Tab
The Installation Tab
The Maintenance Tab
The Tools Tab
The Resources Tab
The Advanced Tab
The Options Tab
Installing a Stand-Alone Database Engine Instance
Preparation Steps
The Feature Selection Page
The Instance Configuration Page
Selecting Service Accounts
Choosing the Collation
Provisioning Instance Security
Configuring the Instance
Configuring SQL Server Extension for Azure
Completing the Installation
Summary
Chapter 3: Server Core Installation
Installing an Instance
Required Parameters
IACCEPTSQLSERVERLICENSETERMS Switch
Additional License Terms Parameters
ACTION Parameter
FEATURES Parameter
Role Parameter
Basic Installation
Smoke Tests
Troubleshooting the Installation
Summary.txt
Detail.txt
SystemConfigurationCheck_Report.htm
Other Log Files
Optional Parameters
Product Update
Using a Config File
Automatic Installation Routines
Enhancing the Installation Routine
Production Readiness
Summary
Chapter 4: Installation on Heterogeneous Operating Systems
Installing SQL Server on Linux
Installing SQL Server Manually
Configuring SQL Server
Unattended Installation
Installing and Managing SQL Server in a Docker Container
Running a Microsoft-Supplied Docker Image
Working with Containers
Creating Custom SQL Server Containers
Creating a Simple Docker Image for SQL Server
Create a Configurable Docker Image for SQL Server
Summary
Chapter 5: Configuring the Instance
Instance Configuration
Using sp_configure
Processor and Memory Configuration
Processor Affinity
MAXDOP
Min and Max Server Memory
Trace Flags
Trace Flag 3042
Trace Flag 3226
Trace Flag 3625
Ports and Firewalls
Process of Communication
Ports Required by SQL Server
Configuring the Port That the Instance Will Listen On
System Databases
mssqlsystemresource (Resource)
MSDB
Master
Model
TempDB
Optimizing TempDB
Buffer Pool Extension
Hybrid Buffer Pool
Summary
Part II: Database Administration
Chapter 6: Database Configuration
Data Storage
Filegroups
FILESTREAM Filegroups
Memory-Optimized Filegroups
Strategies for Structured Filegroups
Performance Strategies
Backup and Restore Strategies
Storage-Tiering Strategies
Strategies for Memory-Optimized Filegroups
File and Filegroup Maintenance
Adding Files
Expanding Files
Shrinking Files
Database Scoped Configurations
Log Maintenance
Recovery Model
Log File Count
Shrinking the Log
Log Fragmentation
Summary
Chapter 7: Table Optimizations
Table Partitioning
Partitioning Concepts
Partitioning Key
Partition Function
Partition Scheme
Index Alignment
Partitioning Hierarchy
Implementing Partitioning
Creating the Partitioning Objects
Creating a New Partitioned Table
Partitioning an Existing Table
Monitoring Partitioned Tables
$PARTITION Function
Sliding Windows
Partition Elimination
Table Compression
Row Compression
Page Compression
Prefix Compression
Dictionary Compression
Page Compression Structure
Columnstore Compression
XML Compression
Implementing Compression
Selecting the Compression Level
Compressing Tables and Partitions
Data Compression Wizard
Maintaining Compression on Heaps
Maintaining Compressed Partitions
Memory-Optimized Tables
Durability
Creating and Managing Memory-Optimized Tables
Performance Profile
Table Memory Optimization Advisor
Natively Compiled Objects
Natively Compiled Tables
Natively Compiled Stored Procedures
Summary
Chapter 8: Indexes and Statistics
Clustered Indexes
Tables Without a Clustered Index
Tables with a Clustered Index
Clustering the Primary Key
Administering Clustered Indexes
Nonclustered Indexes
Covering Indexes
Administering Nonclustered Indexes
Filtered Indexes
Indexes for Specialized Application
Columnstore Indexes
Clustered Columnstore Indexes
Nonclustered Columnstore Indexes
In-Memory Indexes
In-Memory Nonclustered Hash Indexes
In-Memory Nonclustered Indexes
Maintaining Indexes
Missing Indexes
Index Fragmentation
Detecting Fragmentation
Removing Fragmentation
Resumable Index Operations
Partitioned Indexes
Statistics
Filtered Statistics
Incremental Statistics
Managing Statistics
Managing Cardinality
Summary
Chapter 9: Database Consistency
Consistency Errors
Understand Consistency Errors
605 Error
823 Error
824 Error
5180 Error
7105 Error
Detecting Consistency Errors
Page Verify Option
Suspect Pages
Consistency Issues for Memory-Optimized Tables
System Database Corruption
Corruption of the Master Database
Corruption of the Resource Database or Binaries
DBCC CHECKDB
Checking for Errors
Fixing Errors
Emergency Mode
Other DBCC Commands for Corruption
DBCC CHECKCATALOG
DBCC CHECKALLOC
DBCC CHECKTABLE
DBCC CHECKFILEGROUP
DBCC CHECKIDENT
DBCC CHECKCONSTRAINTS
Consistency Checks on VLDBs
DBCC CHECKDB with PHYSICAL_ONLY
Backing Up WITH CHECKSUM and DBCC CHECKALLOC
Splitting the Workload
Offloading to a Secondary Server
Summary
Part III: Security, Resilience, and Scaling Workloads
Chapter 10: SQL Server Security Model
Security Hierarchy
Implementing Instance-Level Security
Server Roles
Logins
Granting Permissions
Implementing Database-Level Security
Database Roles
Schemas
Creating and Managing Contained Users
Implementing Object-Level Security
Summary
Chapter 11: Auditing and Ledger
Ledger
Append-Only Ledger Tables
Ledger Database
Database Ledger and Digest Management
Server Audit
Creating a Server Audit
Creating a Server Audit Specification
Enabling and Invoking Audits
Updateable Ledger Tables
Database Audit Specifications
Auditing the Audit
Summary
Chapter 12: Encryption
Encryption Hierarchy
Encryption Concepts
Symmetric Keys
Asymmetric Keys
Certificates
Windows Data Protection API
SQL Server Encryption Concepts
Master Keys
Hierarchy
Transparent Data Encryption
Implementing TDE
Managing TDE
Migrating an Encrypted Database
Managing Cell-Level Encryption
Accessing Encrypted Data
Always Encrypted
Implementing Always Encrypted
Administering Keys
Summary
Chapter 13: Backups and Restores
Backup Fundamentals
Recovery Models
SIMPLE Recovery Model
FULL Recovery Model
BULK LOGGED Recovery Model
Changing the Recovery Model
Backup Types
Full Backup
Differential Backup
Log Backup
Backup Media
Backup Device
Media Sets
Backup Sets
Backup Strategies
Full Backup Only
Full and Transaction Log Backups
Full, Differential, and Transaction Log Backups
Filegroup Backups
Partial Backup
Backing Up a Database
Backing Up in SQL Server Management Studio
Backing Up via T-SQL
Restoring a Database
Restoring in SQL Server Management Studio
Restoring via T-SQL
Restoring to a Point in Time
Restoring Files and Pages
Restoring a File
Restoring a Page
Piecemeal Restores
Accelerated Database Recovery
Summary
Chapter 14: High Availability and Disaster Recovery Concepts
Availability Concepts
Level of Availability
Service-Level Agreements and Service-Level Objectives
Proactive Maintenance
Recovery Point Objective and Recovery Time Objective
Cost of Downtime
Classification of Standby Servers
High Availability and Recovery Technologies
AlwaysOn Failover Clustering
Active/Active Configuration
Three-Plus Node Configurations
Quorum
AlwaysOn Availability Groups
Automatic Page Repair
Log Shipping
Recovery Modes
Remote Monitor Server
Failover
Combining Technologies
Summary
Chapter 15: Implementing AlwaysOn Availability Groups
Implementing AlwaysOn Availability Groups
Configuring SQL Server
Creating the Availability Group
Using the New Availability Group Wizard
Using the New Availability Group Dialog Box
Availability Groups On Linux
Contained Availability Group
Distributed Availability Groups
Managing AlwaysOn Availability Groups
Failover
Synchronous Failover
Asynchronous Failover
Synchronizing Uncontained Objects
Monitoring
AlwaysOn Dashboard
AlwaysOn Health Trace
Other Administrative Considerations
Summary
Chapter 16: Implementing Log Shipping
Implementing Log Shipping for DR
GUI Configuration
T-SQL Configuration
Log Shipping Maintenance
Failing Over Log Shipping
Switching Roles
Monitoring
Summary
Chapter 17: Scaling Workloads
Database Snapshots
Implementing Database Snapshots
Recovering Data from a Snapshot
Replication
Replication Concepts
Types of Replication
Snapshot
Transactional
Merge
Implementing Transactional Replication
Implementing the Distributor
Implementing the Publication
Implementing the Subscriber
Modifying the PAL
AlwaysOn Readable Secondary Replicas
Benefits and Considerations
Implementing Readable Secondaries
Summary
Part IV: Performance and Maintenance
Chapter 18: SQL Server Metadata
Introducing Metadata Objects
Server-Level and Instance-Level Metadata
Exposing Registry Values
Exposing Service Details
Analyzing Buffer Cache Usage
Metadata for Capacity Planning
Exposing File Stats
Using File Stats for Capacity Analysis
Metadata for Troubleshooting and Performance Tuning
Retrieving Perfmon Counters
Analyzing Waits
Database Metadata
Metadata-Driven Automation
Dynamically Cycling Database Snapshots
Rebuilding Only Fragmented Indexes
Summary
Chapter 19: Locking and Blocking
Understanding Locking
Lock Granularity
Locking Behaviors for Online Maintenance
Lock Compatibility
Lock Partitioning
Understanding Deadlocks
How Deadlocks Occur
Minimizing Deadlocks
Understanding Transactions
Transactional Properties
Atomic
Consistent
Isolated
Transactional Anomalies
Dirty Reads
Nonrepeatable Read
Phantom Read
Isolation Levels
Pessimistic Isolation Levels
Optimistic Isolation Levels
Durable
Transaction with In-Memory OLTP
Isolation Levels
Read Committed
Read Committed Snapshot
Snapshot
Repeatable Read
Serializable
Cross-Container Transactions
Retry Logic
Observing Transactions, Locks, and Deadlocks
Observing Transactions
Observing Locks and Contention
Observing Deadlocks
Summary
Chapter 20: Extended Events
Extended Events Concepts
Packages
Events
Targets
Actions
Predicates
Types and Maps
Sessions
Creating an Event Session
Using the New Session Dialog Box
Using T-SQL
Viewing the Collected Data
Analyzing Data with Data Viewer
Analyzing Data with T-SQL
Correlating Extended Events with Operating System Data
Correlating Events with Perfmon Data
Integrating Event Sessions with Operating System–Level Events
Summary
Chapter 21: Monitoring and Managing a Hybrid Environment
Hybrid Management
Environmental Health and SQL Best Practice Assessment
Microsoft Defender
Summary
Chapter 22: Query Store
Enabling and Configuring Query Store
Working with Query Store Data
Query Store Reports
Query Store T-SQL Objects
Resolving Issues with Query Store
Query Store Hints
Summary
Chapter 23: Automating Maintenance Routines
SQL Server Agent
SQL Server Agent Concepts
Schedules
Operators
Jobs
Alerts
SQL Server Agent Security
SQL Server Agent Database Roles
SQL Server Agent Proxy Accounts
Creating SQL Server Agent Jobs
Creating a Simple SQL Server Agent Job
Creating a Complex SQL Server Agent Job
Creating the Credential
Creating the Proxy
Creating the Schedule
Configuring Database Mail
Creating the Operator
Creating the Job
Monitoring and Managing Jobs
Executing Jobs
Viewing Job History
Creating Alerts
Multiserver Jobs
Configuring the MSX and TSX Servers
Creating Master Jobs
Managing Target Servers
Summary
Chapter 24: Policy-Based Management
PBM Concepts
Facets
Conditions
Targets
Policies
Evaluation Modes
Central Management Servers
Creating Policies
Creating Simple Policies
Creating a Policy That You Can Manually Evaluate
Manually Evaluating a Policy
Creating a Policy That Prevents Unwanted Activity
Creating an Advanced Policy
Managing Policies
Importing and Exporting Policies
Enterprise Management with Policies
Evaluating Policies with PowerShell
Summary
Chapter 25: Resource Governor
Resource Governor Concepts
Resource Pool
Workload Group
Classifier Function
Implementing Resource Governor
Creating Resource Pools
Creating Workload Groups
Creating a Classifier Function
Testing the Classifier Function
Monitoring Resource Governor
Monitoring with Performance Monitor
Monitoring with DMVs
Summary
Index
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