Priest and Parish in Eighteenth-Century France [Course Book ed.] 9781400857142

This book provides a comprehensive collective biography of the parish priests in one diocese--their origins, education,

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Priest and Parish in Eighteenth-Century France [Course Book ed.]
9781400857142

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Timothy Tackett

Table of contents :
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Illustrations
Abbreviations
Introduction
I. The Diocese of Gap in the Eighteenth Century
PART ONE A Career in the Clergy
II. Entry into the Clergy
III. The Education of the Parish Priest
IV. Career Patterns and the Benefice System
V. Economic Situation of the Parish Priest
PART TWO. Priest and Parish
VI. The Cures in Society: A Local Elite
VII. Patterns of Community Rivalry
VIII. Patterns of Religious Rivalry
PART THREE. The Revolt of the Parish Priests
IX. Politicization of the Parish Clergy
X. The Pre-Revolution in Dauphine
XI. The Civil Constitution and the Oath of 1791
XII. De-Christianization and the end of an era: An Epilogue
Sources and Bibliography
Index

Citation preview

Priest & Parish in Eighteenth-Century France

Gap in the early nineteenth century. (Collection Georges Dusserre)

P R I E S T & PARISH in Eighteenth-Century France 7° 173 175 1 185 189 194 194

202 209 215 220

PART THREE: THE REVOLT OF THE PARISH PRIESTS

IX. Politicization of the Parish Clergy The Brotherhood of Cures Cures and Tithe Owners in EighteenthCentury Dauphine The Problem of Parish Furnishings Clerical Taxation and the Politicization of the Cantonal Conferences Henri Reymond

X. The Pre-Revolution in Dauphine The Parish Clergy and the Third Estate The Cahier of the Curis of Dauphine

225 225 229 232 236 241 249 249 258

XI. The Civil Constitution and the Oath of 1791

269

XII. De-Christianization and the end of an era: An Epilogue

287

Sources and Bibliography

307

Index

333

List of Tables 1. Evolution of the Population in the Eighteenth-Century Diocese of Gap (in Dauphini only) 2. Rate of Perseverance 3. Recruitment to the Priesthood 4. Economic Situation of the Families of Priests (Capitation of 1 7 9 0 ) 5. Clergymen to Whom Simple Benefices Were Collated ( 1 7 7 1 - 1 7 8 9 )

List of Illustrations A. The Diocese of Gap: Natural Regions. Map

11

B. Population Density, End of Eighteenth Century. Map

18

C. Protestant Population. Map

22

D. Ecclesiastical Structures of the Diocese. Map

36

E. Ordinations to the Priesthood (Five-year moving mean). Graph

44

F. Regional Distribution of Ordinations to the Priesthood 1721 to 1745· Map

49

G. Regional Distribution of Ordinations to the Priesthood 1766 to 1790. Map

50

H. Ordinations to the Priesthood by Decade. Graph

53

I. Social Origins of Priests Ordained between 1751 and 1790. Graph

57

J. Economic Situation of Priests' Families According to Capitation Rolls. Graph

64

K. Rosary Confraternities. Map

69

L. Age of Clerical Ordinations (For sample group of priests ordained in second half of eighteenth century). Graph

77

M. Intellectual Acquaintances of Dominique Chaix (As mentioned in correspondence with Dominique Villars). Map

90

N. The Period of Apprenticeship. Graph

102

O. Congruist Cures and Prior-Curis (Second half of the eighteenth century). Map

122

P. Portion of Grain Crop Paid in Tithes (By parish). Map

125

Q. Net Incomes of the Parish Clergy, 1790 (With comparisons for other regions). Graph

126

R. Value of the Portion Congrue in Terms of the Price of Wheat (Market of Gap). Graph

128

S. Inheritance Declarations for Centieme Denier. Graph

135

T. Confraternities of Penitents. Map

193

Illustrations U. Refractory Parish Clergy, 1791-1793. Map

282

V. Age Distribution of Parish Clergy during the Revolution. Graph

284

W. Parish Clergymen Abdicating the Priesthood ( 1 793-«794)· Map

292

X. Percentage of Parishes Affected by Abdications