Oswaal CBSE Class 11th English Core Question Bank 9789359580173

Table of contents :
Cover
Contents
Latest CBSE Syllabus
Section–A : Reading Skills
1. Unseen Passages
2. Note-Making and Summarising
Section–B : Grammar & Creative Writing Skills
Grammar Charts
3. Tenses
4. Clauses
5. Gap Filling (Tenses, Clauses)
6. Sentence Reordering
7. Sentences Transformation
Creative Writing Skills
8. Short Writing Tasks
9. Long Writing Tasks
Section–C : Literature
1. The Portrait of a Lady
2. “We’re not Afraid to Die...If we can
All be Together”
3. Discovering Tut : The Saga
Continues
4. The Adventure
5. Silk Road
Poetry
6. A Photograph
7. The Laburnum Top
8. The Voice of the Rain
9. Childhood
10. Father to son
Supplementary Reader : Snapshots
1. The Summer of the Beautiful
White Horse
2. The Address
3. Mother’s Day
4. Birth
5. The Tale of Melon City

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Contents Contents l •

Latest CBSE Syllabus Syllabus Latest CBSE

5 - 6 5 6

Section–A Reading Skills Section-A :: Reading Skills





1. 1.

Unseen Passages Unseen Passages

1 - 25 1 - 25



2. 2.

Note-Making Note-Making and and Summarising Summarising

26 26 - - 41 41

Section–B Grammar & Section-- B :: Grammar & Creative Creative Writing Writing Skills Skills

2. 2.

“We’re "We're not not Afraid Afraid to to Die...If Die...If we we can can



All Together” All be be Together"



Discovering Tut :: The The Saga Discovering Tut Saga

3. 3.

119 - 126 119 - 126



Continues Continues

127 - 133 127 - 133



The Adventure The Adventure

134 - 139 134 - 139

4. 4.

5. Silk Road Road 5. Silk

140 - 144 140 - 144



Grammar Grammar Charts Charts

42 - 52 42 - 52



3. 3.

Tenses Tenses

53 - 61 53 - 61



4. 4.

Clauses Clauses

62 - 66 62 - 66



5. 5.

Gap Gap Filling Filling (Tenses, (Tenses, Clauses) Clauses)

67 67 - - 68 68



6. 6.

A A Photograph Photograph

145 - 149 145 - 149



6. 6.

Sentence Reordering Reordering Sentence

69 - 71 69 - 71



7. 7.

Sentences Transformation Sentences Transformation

72 - 80 72 - 80



7. 7.

The Laburnum Top The Laburnum Top

150 - 153 150 - 153



8. 8.

The Voice of of the Rain The Voice the Rain

154 - 157 154 - 157



9. 9.

Childhood Childhood

158 - 161 158 - 161



10. 10.

Father to to son son Father

162 - 166 162 - 166

Poetry Poetry

Creative C reative Writing Writing Skills Skills

8. 8.

Short Tasks Short Writing Writing Tasks



(1) Advertisement (1) Advertisement



(2) Posters (2) Posters



Long Tasks Long Writing Writing Tasks

9. 9.

81 81 - - 97 97

Supplementary Supplementary Reader Reader :: Snapshots Snapshots

98 9 8 -- 1 108 08



1. 1.

The Summer the Beautiful The Summer of of the Beautiful



(1) Speech (1) Speech



White White Horse Horse

167 - 174 167 - 174



(2) Debates (2) Debates



The Address The Address

175 - 180 175 - 180

Section–C Section--C :: Literature Literature

Hornbill Hornbill -- Prose Prose



The Portrait of of a a Lady Lady The Portrait



i. 1.

109 - 118 109 - 118

2. 2.

3. Mother's Day Day 3. Mother’s

181 - 188 181 - 188

4. Birth 4. Birth

189 - 194 189 - 194



195 - 199 195 - 199

5. 5.

The of Melon Melon City City The Tale Tale of

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Syllabus Syllabus Latest Latest Syllabus Syllabus

ENGLISH CORE CORE (Code (Code No. No. 301) 301) ENGLISH

I I

CLASS CLASS -–XXI I

Section -- A A Section Reading Skills Skills Reading

(26 (26 Marks) Marks)



Reading through Unseen Passages Reading Comprehension Comprehension through Unseen Passages

(10+8=18 (10+8=18 Marks) Marks)

1. One comprehension, One unseen unseen passage passage to to assess assess comprehension, 1. interpretation inference inference and interpretation and vocabulary. vocabulary. The The passage passage may factual, descriptive literary. may be be factual, descriptive or or literary.

3. Note Making and and Summarization Summarization based based on on aa passage 3. Note Making passage of approximately 200-250 words. of . approximately 200-250 words. i. Note 55 Marks Note Making: Making: Marks

2. One case-based factual factual passage 2. One unseen unseen case-based passage with with verbal/ verbal/ visual inputs like like statistical statistical data, etc.to assess visual inputs data, charts charts etc.to assess comprehension, interpretation, analysis, analysis, inference inference comprehension, interpretation, and evaluation. evaluation. and Note: The combined combined word limit for for both both the Note: The word limit the passages passages will be 600-750. 600-750. will be



Multiple Type Questions Multiple Choice Choice Questions Questions// Objective Objective Type Questions will be asked. will be asked. 

Section Section -- B B

Grammar Grammar and and Creative Creative Writing Writing Skil Skil

II. II. Grammar Grammar 4. Questions on (Tenses, Clauses) Clauses) 4. Questions on Gap Gap filling filling (Tenses, 5. sentences 5. Questions Questions on on re-ordering/transformation re-ordering/transformation of of sentences (Total to be be done of the the eight (Total seven seven questions questions to done out out of eight given). given). III. Creative Creative Writing Writing Skills Skills 16 Marks III. 16 Marks 6. Short Short writing 6. writing task task -– Classified Classified Advertisements Advertisements up up to 50 words. words. One of the questions to 50 One out out of the two two given given questions to be answered answered (3 to be (3 Marks: Marks: Format Format :: 11 I/ Content Content :: 11 1/ Expression :: 1) Expression 1)



 * Title: Title.  and indenting: indenting: • Numbering Numbering and • Key/glossary: Key/glossary:  • Notes: Notes:  ii. Summary (up 50 words): ii. Summary (up to to 50 words): • Content:  Content: • Expression: Expression: 

33 Marks Marks

22 1 (23 (23 Marks) Marks)



77 Marks Marks 7. Short writing task task -Poster up to to 50 words. One One 7. Short writing –Poster up 50 words. out of the out of the two two given given questions questions to to be be answered. answered. (3 marks: Format Format :: 11 1/ Content 1) (3 marks: Content :: 11 1/ Expression Expression :: 1) 8. Long Writing task: Speech in 120-150 words based 8. Long Writing task: Speech in 120-150 words based on verbal related to to contemporary on verbal I/ visual visual cues cues related contemporary I/ ageageappropriate topic. questions appropriate topic. One One out out of of the the two two given given questions to be answered. Format: 11 I/ Content: to be answered. (5 (5 Marks: Marks: Format: Content: 22 I/ Expression: 2) Expression: 2) 9. Long Task: Debate based on 9. Long Writing Writing Task: Debate based on visual/verbal visual/verbal inputs in in 120-150 120-150 words, words, thematically inputs thematically related related to to contemporary, issues. One contemporary, topical topical issues. One out out of of the the two two given be answered. answered. (5 given questions questions to to be (5 Marks: Marks: Format: Format: 11 1/ Content: 2 2 // Expression: 2) Content: Expression: 2)

Section Section -- C C

Literature and Supplementary Literature Text Text Book Book and Supplementary Reading Reading Text Text

This section section will have variety of assessment assessment items items This will have variety of including Choice Questions, including Multiple Multiple Choice Questions, Objective Objective Type Questions, Type Questions Questions Type Questions, Short Short Answer Answer Type and Long Type Questions to assess assess and Long Answer Answer Type Questions to comprehension, analysis, analysis, interpretation and comprehension, interpretation and extrapolation beyond beyond the text. extrapolation the text. 10. One extract out out of from the book Hornbill 10. One Poetry Poetry extract of two two from the book Hornbill to comprehension, interpretation, interpretation, analysis analysis to assess assess comprehension, and appreciation. appreciation.  (3×1=3 and (3X1=3 Marks) Marks) extract out of two from the book Hornbill 111. 1 . One One Prose Prose extract out of two from the book Hornbill

11 11 11 22



(31 (31 Marks) Marks)

to assess comprehension, interpretation, analysis, to assess comprehension, interpretation, analysis, inference and and appreciation.. (3×1=3 inference appreciation..  (3X1=3 Marks) Marks) 12. One prose prose extract out of of two, two, from the book 12. One extract out from the book Snapshots, to comprehension, interpretation, interpretation, Snapshots, to assess assess comprehension, analysis, inference inference and and appreciation. analysis, appreciation. (4×1=4 (4X1=4 Marks) Marks) 13. Two Two Short Short answer answer type questions (one from Prose 13. type questions (one from Prose and one from Poetry, from the book Hornbill), out and one from Poetry, from the book Hornbill), out of four, to be answered answered in in 40-50 40-50 words. of four, to be words. Questions Questions should elicit elicit inferential inferential responses critical should responses through through critical thinking. (3×2=6 thinking. (3x2=6 Marks) Marks)

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Syllabus Syllabus 14. One Short type question, question, from the book 14. One Short answer answer type from the book Snapshots, to be answered answered in in 4040- 50 50 words. words. Questions Snapshots, to be Questions should elicit elicit inferential inferential responses critical should responses through through critical thinking. One One out out of two questions to be done. thinking. of two questions to be done. (3X1=3 Marks) Marks) (3×1=3 15. One Long answer from Prose/Poetry 15. One Long answer type type question, question, from Prose/Poetry of of Hornbill, be answered answered in in 120-150 120-150 words. Hornbill, to to be words. Questions Questions can on incident theme I/ passage passage I/ extract can be be based based on incident I/ theme extract assess extrapolation extrapolation I/ event, event, as as reference reference points points to to assess beyond and and across The question question will beyond across the the text. text. The will elicit elicit analytical and evaluative from the student. analytical and evaluative response response from the student. Any one out of two two questions questions to to be done. Any one out of be done.  (1×6=6 (1x6=6 Marks) Marks) 16. One based on on the 16. One Long Long answer answer type type question, question, based the chapters from the book Snapshots, be answered answered chapters from the book Snapshots, to to be in words, to to assess assess global global comprehension in 120-150 120-150 words, comprehension and extrapolation beyond beyond the and extrapolation the text. text. Questions Questions to to provide provide analytical analytical and and evaluative evaluative responses, responses, using using incidents, events, incidents, events, themes, themes, as as reference reference points. points. Any Any one out of be done. 1×6=6 Marks) one out of two two questions questions to to be done. ((1x6=6 Marks) Prescribed Prescribed Books Books 1. Hornbill: English English Reader Reader published published by National 1. Hornbill: by National Council Training, New Council of of Education Education Research Research and and Training, New Delhi Delhi • The Portrait of aa Lady • The Portrait of Lady (Prose) (Prose)

2. 2.

• A Photograph (Poem) (Poem) • A Photograph • “We’re Not if we be together • "We're Not Afraid Afraid to to Die… Die. . . if we can can be together • Discovering Tut: Tut: the Saga Continues • Discovering the Saga Continues • The Laburnum Laburnum Top Top (Poem) • The (Poem) • The Voice of of the the Rain Rain (Poem) (Poem) • The Voice • • Childhood Childhood (Poem) (Poem) • The • The Adventure Adventure • Silk Road • Silk Road (Prose) (Prose) • Father Father to to Son • Son Snapshots: Supplementary Supplementary Reader by Snapshots: Reader published published by National Training, National Council Council of of Education Education Research Research and and Training, New Delhi New Delhi • The of the the Beautiful Horse (Prose) (Prose) • The Summer Summer of Beautiful White White Horse • The Address Address (Prose) • The (Prose) • Mother's (Play) • Mother’s Day Day (Play) • Birth (( Prose) • Birth Prose) • The of Melon Melon City • The Tale Tale of City



Internal Internal Assessment Assessment Assessment of Skills -- 05 05 Marks. Assessment of Listening Listening Skills Marks. Assessment of Speaking Skills Skills -- 05 05 Marks Assessment of Speaking Marks Project 10 Marks Marks Project Work Work -- 10

QUESTION QUESTION PAPER PAPER DESIGN DESIGN English CORE CORE XI XI (Code (Code No.301) No.301) English 2023 2023 -- 24 24 Section Section

Reading Skills Reading Skills

Creative and CreCreative Grammar Grammar and Creative Writing ative Writing Skills Skills

Competencies Competencies

Total Marks Total Marks

Conceptual understanding, Conceptual understanding, decoding, decoding, Analyzing, Analyzing, inferring, interpreting, appreciating, literary, inferring, interpreting, appreciating, literary, conventions summarizing and and using conventions and and vocabulary, vocabulary, summarizing using appropriate format/s. format/s. appropriate

26 26

Conceptual Understanding, application of of rules, Conceptual Understanding, application rules, Analysis, appropriacy of style and Analysis, Reasoning, Reasoning, appropriacy of style and tone, tone, using appropriate format format and fluency, inference, inference, using appropriate and fluency, analysis, evaluation and and creativity. creativity. analysis, evaluation

23 23

Literature Textbooks and and Recalling, literary convention, convention, Recalling, reasoning, reasoning, appreciating appreciating literary Literature Textbooks Supplementary Reading Reading Text Supplementary Text inference, inference, analysis, fluency, Critical Critical analysis, creativity creativity with with fluency, Thinking. Thinking. TOTAL TOTAL Internal Internal Assessment Assessment

Assessment and Speaking Speaking Skills Skills Assessment of of Listening Listening and

• Listening Listening 

31 31

80 80 20 20

55+5 +5

 Speaking • Speaking  Work • Project Project Work

10 10

GRAND TOTAL GRAND TOTAL

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100 100

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PUNE PUNE

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Pustak Pustak Bhandar, Bhandar, 7870834225 7870834225 CHATTISGARH CHATTISGARH

AURANGABAD AURANGABAD MUMBAI MUMBAI

AMBIKAPUR AMBIKAPUR

Saini Brothers, Brothers, 9425582561, 9425582561, M.P M.P Department Department Stores, Stores, 9425254264 9425254264 Saini

JALGAON JALGAON

Sharma Book Book Depot Depot & & Stat. Stat. (ISC), (ISC), 9421393040 9421393040 Sharma

BOKARO BOKARO BHILAI BHILAI

Bokaro Student Student Friends Friends Pvt. Pvt. Ltd, Ltd, Bokaro, Bokaro, 7277931285 Bokaro 7277931285 Anil 9425234260 Anil Book Book Depot, Depot, 9425234260

LATUR LATUR KOLHAPUR KOLHAPUR

Granth the the Book Granth Book World, World, 9922295522 9922295522

MUZAFFARPUR MUZAFFARPUR

Bhagwati Bhawani Bhawani Book Book Depot, Depot, 0788-2327620, 0788-2327620, 9827473100 9827473100 Bhagwati

Kitab C ), ), 9425226528 Kitab Ghar, Ghar, Korba Korba (( E E& & C 9425226528

NAGPUR NAGPUR

KORBA KORBA RAIPUR RAIPUR

Shri Traders, 9981761797, Gupta Pustak Shri Ramdev Ramdev Traders, 9981761797, Gupta Pustak Mandir, Mandir, 7974220323, 7974220323, Anil Anil Publication, Publication, 9691618258/7999078802 9691618258/7999078802

NANDED NANDED

DURG DURG

RAIGARH RAIGARH

NASHIK NASHIK

Sindhu Book Book Deopt, Deopt, 9981935763 9981935763 Sindhu

DHULE DHULE

DELHI DELHI DELHI DELHI

Mittal Mittal Books, Books, (011) (011) 23288887, 23288887, 9899037390, 9899037390, Singhania Singhania Book Book & & Stationer, Stationer, 9212028238, 9212028238, AoneBooks, AoneBooks, New New Delhi, Delhi, 8800497047, 8800497047, Radhey Radhey Book Book Depot, Depot, 9818314141, 9818314141, Batheja Batheja Super 9871833924, Lov C ), ), 9811182352, Zombozone, Super Store, Store, 9871833924, Lov Dev Dev & & Sons, Sons, Delhi Delhi (( E E& & C 9811182352, Zombozone, 9871274082, LDS LDS Marketing, Marketing, 9811182352/9999353491 9811182352/9999353491 9871274082,

GUJARAT GUJARAT AHMEDABAD AHMEDABAD BHAVNAGAR BHAVNAGAR DAHOD DAHOD VAPI VAPI VALSAD VALSAD NAVSARI NAVSARI

Patel Book, Book, 9898184248, 9898184248, 9824386112, 9824386112, 9825900335, 9825900335, Zaveri Zaveri Agency, Agency, 9979897312, Patel 9979897312, 9979890330, Hardik Hardik Book Book Agency, Agency, (ISC) (ISC) 079-24110043, 9904659821 9979890330, 079-24110043, 9904659821 Samir Book Book Stall, Stall, Bhavnagar Bhavnagar (ISC) (ISC) 9586305305 9586305305 Samir Collegian Book Book Corner, 9925501981 Collegian Corner, 9925501981 Goutam Goutam Book Book Sellers, Sellers, 9081790813 9081790813

YAVATMAL YAVATMAL VASAI VASAI

CUTTACK CUTTACK

Mahavir Stationers, Stationers, 9429474177 9429474177 Mahavir College Store, Store, (ISC) (ISC) NO NO CALL 02637-258642, 9825099121 9825099121 College CALL 02637-258642, Shopping Point, Point, 9824108663 9824108663 Shopping

Umakant Umakant Book Book Sellers Sellers & & Stationer, Stationer, 9624920709 9624920709 HARYANA HARYANA

FEROZPUR FEROZPUR LUDHIANA LUDHIANA

ROHTAK ROHTAK

Manish Ghar, 9355611088, Manish Traders, Traders, 9812556687, 9812556687, Swami Swami Kitab Kitab Ghar, 9355611088,

CHANDIGARH CHANDIGARH

REWARI REWARI

Sanjay book book depot, depot, 9255447231 9255447231 Sanjay

BOKARO BOKARO RANCHI RANCHI DUMKA DUMKA

JALANDHAR JALANDHAR

Babu Ram Ram Pradeep Pradeep Kumar, Kumar, 9813214692 9813214692 Babu

AJMER AJMER KOTA KOTA

Khurana Book Book Store, Store, 9896572520 9896572520 Khurana

BHILWARA BHILWARA

JAMMU JAMMU

JAIPUR JAIPUR

Sahitya Sahitya Sangam, Sangam, 9419190177 9419190177

UDAIPUR UDAIPUR

JHARKHAND JHARKHAND

JODHPUR JODHPUR

Bokaro Bokaro Student Student Friends, Friends, (0654) (0654) 2233094, 2233094, 7360021503, 7360021503, Bharati Bharati Bhawan Bhawan Agencies, Agencies, 9431740797 9431740797 Crown Book Book Distributor Distributor & & Publishers, Publishers, (0651) (0651) 2213735, 2213735, 9431173904, 9431173904, Crown Pustak Pustak Mandir, Mandir, 9431115138, 9431115138, Vidyarthi Pustak Pustak Bhandar, Bhandar, 9431310228 9431310228 Vidyarthi

AGARTALA AGARTALA

KARNATAKA KARNATAKA

COIMBATORE COIMBATORE

Krishna Krishna book book house, house, 9739847334, 9739847334, Hema Hema Book Book Stores, Stores, 9986767000, 9986767000,

Chatinya Chatinya book book centre, centre, 9886064731 9886064731

PUDUCHERRY PUDUCHERRY

KERALA KERALA

SALEM SALEM

Academic 9864196344, Academic Book Book House, House, (0484) (0484) 2376613, 2376613, H H& & C C Store, Store, 9864196344, Surya Surya Book Book House, House, 9847124217, 9847124217, 9847238314 9847238314 Book Centre, (0481) 2566992 2566992 Book Centre, (0481) Academic Academic Book Book House, House, (0471) (0471) 2333349, 2333349, 9447063349, 9447063349, Ponni Ponni Book Book Stall, Stall, 9037591721 9037591721 Aman Aman Book Book Stall, Stall, (0495) (0495) 2721282, 2721282,

Pustak ), 89821 8982150100 Pustak Bhawan, Bhawan, (( E E& & C C ), 50100

GWALIOR GWALIOR

Agarwal Agarwal Book Book Depot, Depot, 9425116210 9425116210

Cheap Book Store, Store, 9872223458, 9872223458, 9878258592, 9878258592, City City Book Book Shop, Shop, 9417440753, 9417440753, Subhash Subhash Cheap Book Book Depot, Depot, 9876453625, 9876453625, Paramvir Paramvir Enterprises, Enterprises, 9878626248 9878626248 Book Sita Sita Ram Ram book book Depot, Depot, 9463039199, 9463039199, 7696141911 7696141911 Amit Book, Book, 9815807871, 9815807871, Gupta Brothers, 9888200206, 9888200206, Bhatia Bhatia Book Book Centre, Centre, Amit Gupta Brothers, 9815277131 9815277131 Mohindra Book Book Depot, Depot, 9814920226 9814920226 Mohindra Laxmi General Store, Ajmer, Ajmer, 01452428942 9460652197 9460652197 Laxmi General Store, 0145- 2428942 Vardhman Traders, 9309232829 Vardhman Book Book Depot, Depot, 9571365020, 9571365020, 8003221190 8003221190 Raj Raj Traders, 9309232829

Nakoda Book Book Depot, Depot, (01482) (01482) 243653, 243653, 9214983594, 9214983594, Nakoda Alankar Book Book Depot, Depot, 9414707462 9414707462 Alankar Ravi Enterprises, Enterprises, 9829060694, 9829060694, Saraswati Saraswati Book Book House, House, (0141) (0141) 2610823, 2610823, 9829811155, 982981 1155, Ravi Goyal Book Goyal Book Distt., Distt, 9460983939, 9460983939, 9414782130 9414782130 Sunil Sunil Book Book Store, Store, 9828682260 9828682260 Second Hand Hand Book Book Stall, Stall, 9460004745 9460004745 Second

Book Book Corner, Corner, 8794894165, 8794894165, 8984657146, 8984657146, Book Book Emporium, Emporium, 9089230412 9089230412

Majestic Book Book House, House, (0422) (0422) 2384333, 2384333, CBSC CBSC Book Book Shop, Shop, 9585979752 9585979752 Majestic

Arraba Traders, (044) Arraba Book Book Traders, (044) 25387868, 25387868, 9841459105, 9841459105, M.R. M.R. Book Book Store Store (044) (044) 25364596, 25364596, Kalaimagal Kalaimagal Store, Store, (044) (044) 5544072, 5544072, 9940619404, 9940619404, Vijaya Vijaya Stores, Stores, 9381037417, 9381037417, Bookmark Bookmark It-Books Tiger Books It-Books & & Stat. Stat. Store, Store, 7305151653, 7305151653, M.K. M.K. Store, Store, 9840030099, 9840030099, Tiger Books Pvt. Pvt. Ltd., Ltd., 9710447000, 9710447000, New New Mylai Mylai Stationers, Stationers, 9841313062, 9841313062, Prince Prince Book Book House, House, Chennai, Chennai,

Sri Sri Lakshmi Lakshmi Book Book Seller, Seller, 7871555145 7871555145 Pattu book book centre, centre, 9894816280 9894816280 Pattu

TRICHY TRICHY

P.R.Sons P.R.Sons Book Book Seller, Seller, 9443370597, 9443370597, Rasi Rasi Publication, Publication, 9894816280 9894816280

THENI THENI MADURAI MADURAI

Maya Book Book Centre, Centre, 9443929274 9443929274 Maya Selvi Jayam Book Centre, 9894658036 Selvi Book Book Shoppe, Shoppe, 9843057435, 9843057435, Jayam Book Centre, 9894658036

VELLORE VELLORE

MADHYA MADHYA PRADESH PRADESH CHHINDWARA CHHINDWARA

A. 9437025991, 9437081319 9437081319 A. K. K. Mishra Mishra Agencies, Agencies, 9437025991,

0444-2053926, 9952068491, S 0444-2053926, 9952068491, SK K Publishers Publishers & & Distributors, Distributors, 9789865544, 9789865544, Dharma Dharma BookShop, Book Shop, 8667227171 8667227171

Sapna Sapna Book Book House House Pvt. Pvt. Ltd., Ltd., 9980513242, 9980513242, Hema Hema Book Book World, World, (Chamrajpet) (ISC) (ISC) 080-40905110, 9945731121 (Chamrajpet) 080-40905110, 9945731121

CALICUT CALICUT

Prime Centre, Vasai, Prime Book Book Centre, Vasai, 9890293662 9890293662

TAMIL NADU TAMIL NADU

BANGLORE BANGLORE

KOTTAYAM KOTTAYAM TRIVANDRUM TRIVANDRUM

Shri Ganesh Pustkalaya, Shri Ganesh Pustkalaya, 9423131275 9423131275

TRIPURA TRIPURA

Renuka Renuka Book Book Distributor, Distributor, (0836) (0836) 2244124, 2244124, Vidyamandir Vidyamandir Book Book Distributors, Distributors, 9980773976 9980773976 CHENNAI CHENNAI

ERNAKULAM ERNAKULAM

Navjeevan Navjeevan Book Book Stall, Stall, 7020525561 7020525561

RAJASTHAN RAJASTHAN

Kashi Ram Ram Kishan Kishan lal, lai, 9289504004, 9289504004, 8920567245 8920567245 Kashi Natraj Natraj Book Book Distributors, Distributors, 7988917452 7988917452

HUBLI HUBLI

BELLERI BELLERI

Renuka Renuka Book Book distributor, distributor, 9765406133, 9765406133, Novelty Novelty Book Book Depot, Depot, 9657690220, 9657690220, Karamveer Karamveer Book Book Depot, Depot, 9923966466, 9923966466, Arun Arun Book Book & & Stationers, Stationers, 9423110953 9423110953 Abhang Pustakalaya, Pustakalaya, 9823470756/9175940756 9823470756/9175940756 Abhang Rahul Book Book Centre, Centre, 9970849681, 9970849681, New New India Book House, House, 9623123458 9623123458 Rahul India Book

BHUBANESHWAR M/s M/s Pragnya, Pragnya, 8847888616, 8847888616, 9437943777, 9437943777, Padmalaya, Padmalaya, 9437026922, 9437026922, Bidyashree, Bidyashree, BHUBANESHWAR 9937017070, Books Books Godown, 7894281110 9937017070, Godown, 7894281110 BARIPADA Trimurti Book World, World, 9437034735 9437034735 BARIPADA Trimurti Book KEONJHAR Students corner, corner, 7008435418 7008435418 KEONJHAR Students PUNJAB PUNJAB AMBALA Bharat Book Book Depot, Depot, 7988455354 7988455354 AMBALA Bharat PATIALA Goel Sons, 9463619978, 9463619978, Adarsh Adarsh Enterprises, Enterprises, 9814347613 9814347613 PATIALA Goel Sons,

VADODARA VADODARA

BHUNA BHUNA

Laxmi Pustakalay Pustakalay and and Stationers, Stationers, (0712) (0712) 2727354, 2727354, Vijay Vijay Book Book Depot, Depot, 9860122094 9860122094 Laxmi

ODISHA ODISHA

SURAT SURAT

BALLABGARH BALLABGARH HISAR HISAR

Yash Book Book House, House, 9637936999, 9637936999, Shri Shri Ganesh Ganesh Pustakalay, Pustakalay, 9730172188 9730172188 Yash

G.K book G.K book centre centre and and collections, collections, 9894517994 9894517994

TELANGANA TELANGANA HYDERABAD HYDERABAD

Sri Sri Balaji Balaji Book Book Depot, Depot, (040) (040) 27613300, 27613300, 9866355473, 9866355473, Shah Shah Book Book House, House, 9849564564 9849564564 Vishal Vishal Book Book Distributors, Distributors, 9246333166, 9246333166, Himalaya Himalaya Book Book World, World, 7032578527 7032578527

(( 77 ))

0808

VIJAYAWADA VIJAYAWADA

Exclusive Exclusive School School Books Books Suppliers Suppliers UTTARAKHAND UTTARAKHAND

GORAKHPUR GORAKHPUR

Central Book Central Book House, House, 9935454590, 9935454590, Friends Friends & & Co., Co., 9450277154, 9450277154, Dinesh Dinesh book book depot, depot, 9125818274, Friends & Co., Co., 9450277154 9125818274, Friends & 9450277154

DEHRADUN DEHRADUN

Inder Book Book Agencies, Agencies, 9634045280 9634045280,, Amar Amar Book Book Depot Depot ,, 8130491477, 81 30491477, Goyal Book Store, Store, Inder Goyal Book 9897318047, 9897318047, New New National National Book Book House, House, 9897830283/9720590054 9897830283/9720590054

JHANSI JHANSI

Bhanu Bhanu Book Book Depot, Depot, 9415031340 9415031340

MUSSORIE MUSSORIE

Ram 0135-2632785, 9761344588 Ram Saran Saran Dass Dass Chanda Chanda kiran, kiran, 0135-2632785, 9761344588

KANPUR KANPUR

Radha News News Agency, Agency, 8957247427, 8957247427, Raj Raj Book Book Dist., Dist., 9235616506, 9235616506, H HK K Book Book DisDisRadha tributors, 9935146730, tributors, 9935146730, H HK K Book Book Distributors, Distributors, 9506033137/9935146730 9506033137/9935146730

UTTAR PRADESH PRADESH UTTAR

LUCKNOW LUCKNOW

AGRA AGRA

Sparsh Book Book Agency, Agency, 9412257817, 9412257817, O m Pustak Pustak Mandir, Mandir, (0562) (0562) 2464014, 2464014, 9319117771, 9319117771, Sparsh Om

MEERUT MEERUT

Vyapar Sadan, Sadan, 7607102462, 7607102462, Om Book Depot, Depot, 7705871398, Azad Book Book Depot Depot Pvt. Pvt. Ltd., Ltd., Vyapar Om Book 7705871398, Azad 7317000250, Book 9839487327, Rama 7317000250, Book Sadan, Sadan, 9839487327, Rama Book Book Depot(Retail), Depot(Retail), 7355078254, 7355078254, Ashirwad Book Book Depot, Depot, 9235501197, 9235501197, Book.com, Book.com, 7458922755, 7458922755, Universal Universal Books, Books, Ashirwad 9450302161, Sheetla 9450302161, Sheetla Book Book Agency, Agency, 9235832418, 9235832418, Vidyarthi Vidyarthi Kendra Kendra Publisher Publisher & 8t Distributor Pvt Pvt Ltd, Ltd, (Gold), (Gold), 9554967415, 9554967415, Tripathi Tripathi Book Book House, House, 9415425943 9415425943 Distributor Ideal Book Book Depot, Depot, (0121) (0121) 4059252, 4059252, 9837066307 9837066307 Ideal

ALLAHABAD ALLAHABAD

Mehrotra Mehrotra Book Book Agency, Agency, (0532) (0532) 2266865, 2266865, 9415636890 9415636890

NOIDA NOIDA

Prozo Goyal Books Overseas Pvt.Ltd., Prozo (Global (Global Edu4 Edu4 Share Share Pvt. Pvt. Ltd), Ltd), 9318395520, 9318395520, Goyal Books Overseas Pvt.Ltd., 1204655555 1204655555 9873387003 9873387003

AZAMGARH AZAMGARH

Sasta Sasta Sahitya Sahitya Bhandar, Bhandar, 9450029674 9450029674

PRAYAGRAJ PRAYAGRAJ

Kanhaiya Pustak Pustak Bhawan, Bhawan, 9415317109 9415317109 Kanhaiya

ALIGARH ALIGARH

K.B.C.L. K.B.C.L Agarwal, Agarwal, 9897124960, 9897124960, Shaligram Shaligram Agencies, Agencies, 9412317800, 9412317800, New New Vimal Vimal Books, Books, 9997398868, T.I.C T.I.C Book Book centre, centre, 9808039570 9808039570 9997398868,

MAWANA MAWANA

Subhash Book Book Depot, Depot, 9760262264 9760262264 Subhash

BULANDSHAHAR BULANDSHAHAR

Rastogi Book Book Depot, Depot, 9837053462/9368978202 9837053462/9368978202 Rastogi

BALRAMPUR BALRAMPUR

Universal Universal Book Book Center, Center, 8933826726 8933826726

KOLKATA KOLKATA

BAREILLY BAREILLY

Siksha Siksha Prakashan, Prakashan, 9837829284 9837829284

Oriental Publishers & & Distributor Distributor (033) (033) 40628367, Katha 'O' 'O' Kahini, Kahini, (033) (033) Oriental Publishers 40628367, Katha 22196313, 22419071, 22419071, Saha Saha Book Book House, House, (033), (033), 22193671, 22193671, 9333416484, 9333416484, United United 22196313, Book House, House, 9831344622, 9831344622, Bijay Bijay Pustak Pustak Bhandar, Bhandar, 8961260603, 8961260603, Shawan Shawan Books Books Book Distributors, 8336820363, 8336820363, Krishna Krishna Book Book House, House, 9123083874 9123083874 Distributors,

RENUKOOT RENUKOOT

Om O m Stationers, Stationers, 7007326732 7007326732

HARDOI HARDOI

Mittal Mittal Pustak Pustak Kendra, Kendra, 9838201466 9838201466

DEORIA DEORIA

Kanodia Kanodia Book Book Depot, Depot, 9415277835 9415277835

COOCH BEHAR COOCH BEHAR

S.B. S.B. Book Book Distributor, Distributor, Cooch Cooch behar, behar, 9002670771 9002670771

VARANASI VARANASI

Gupta 8707225564, Bookman Gupta Books, Books, 8707225564, Bookman & & Company, 9935194495/7668899901 Company, 99351 94495/7668899901

KHARAGPUR KHARAGPUR

Subhani Book Book Store, Store, 9046891334 9046891334 Subhani

MATHURA MATHURA

Sapra Traders, 9410076716, Vijay Vijay Book Book House House ,, 9897254292 9897254292 Sapra Traders, 9410076716,

SILIGURI SILIGURI

Agarwal Book Book House, House, 9832038727, 9832038727, Modern M o d e r n Book Book Agency, Agency, 8145578772 8145578772 Agarwal

FARRUKHABAD FARRUKHABAD

Anurag Book Book Agencies, Agencies, 8844007575 8844007575 Anurag

DINAJPUR DINAJPUR

Krishna Book Book House, House, 7031748945 7031748945 Krishna

NAJIBABAD NAJIBABAD

Gupta ), 8868932500 Gupta News News Agency, Agency, 8868932500, 8868932500, Gupta Gupta News News Agency, Agency, (( E E& & C C ), 8868932500

MURSHIDABAD MURSHIDABAD

New N e w Book Book House, House, 8944876176 8944876176

DHAMPUR DHAMPUR

Ramkumar Mahaveer Mahaveer Prasad, Prasad, 9411942550 9411942550 Ramkumar

Sanjay Sanjay Publication, Publication, 8126699922 8126699922 Arti Arti book b o o k centre, centre, 8630128856, 8630128856, Panchsheel Panchsheel Books, Books, 9412257962, Bhagwati Bhagwati Book Book Store, Store, (E (E & & C), C), 9149081912 9149081912 9412257962,

WEST BENGAL BENGAL WEST

Entrance Entrance & & Competition Competition Distributors Distributors PATNA PATNA

BIHAR BIHAR

CUTTAK CUTTAK

A.K.Mishra A.K.Mishra Agencies, Agencies, 9437025991 9437025991

Metro Books Books Corner, Corner, 9431647013, 9431647013, Alka Alka Book Book Agency, Agency, 9835655005, 9835655005, Vikas Vikas Book Book Metro Depot, Depot, 9504780402 9504780402

BHUBANESHBHUBANESHWAR WAR

M/s Pragnya, Pragnya, 9437943777 9437943777 M/s

CHATTISGARH CHATTISGARH KORBA KORBA

Kitab Ghar, 9425226528, Traders, 9981761797 Kitab Ghar, 9425226528, Shri Shri Ramdev Ramdev Traders, 9981761797

PUNJAB PUNJAB JALANDHAR JALANDHAR

Cheap Book Cheap Book Store, Store, 9872223458, 9872223458, 9878258592 9878258592

DELHI DELHI

RAJASTHAN RAJASTHAN

DELHI DELHI

KOTA Singhania The KOTA Singhania Book Book & 8t Stationer, Stationer, 9212028238, 9212028238, Radhey Radhey Book Book depot, depot, 9818314141, 9818314141, The Book Shop, Shop, 9310262701, 9310262701, Mittal M i t t a l Books, Books, 9899037390, 9899037390, Lov Lov Dev Dev & & Sons, Sons, 9999353491 9999353491 Book

Vardhman Vardhman Book Book Depot, Depot, 9571365020, 9571365020, Raj Raj Traders, Traders, 9309232829 9309232829

NEW NEW DELHI DELHI

Anupam A n u p a m Sales, Sales, 9560504617, 9560504617, A A ONE ONE BOOKS, BOOKS, 8800497047 8800497047

Goyal Book Goyal Book Distributors, Distributors, 9414782130 9414782130

JAIPUR JAIPUR

HARYANA HARYANA AMBALA AMBALA

BOKARO BOKARO

UTTAR PRADESH PRADESH UTTAR

Bharat Book Book Depot, Depot, 7988455354 Bharat 7988455354

AGRA AGRA

BHAGWATI BOOK BOOK STORE, STORE, 9149081912, 9149081912, Sparsh Sparsh Book Book Agency, Agency, 9412257817, 9412257817, BHAGWATI Sanjay Sanjay Publication, Publication, 8126699922 8126699922

JHARKHAND JHARKHAND

ALIGARH ALIGARH

N e w Vimal Vimal Books, Books, 9997398868 9997398868 New

Bokaro Bokaro Student Student Friends Friends Pvt. Pvt. Ltd, Ltd, 7360021503 7360021503

ALLAHABAD ALLAHABAD

Mehrotra Mehrotra Book Book Agency, Agency, (532) (532) 2266865, 2266865, 9415636890 9415636890

MADHYA MADHYA PRADESH PRADESH

GORAKHPUR GORAKHPUR

Central Book Central Book House, House, 9935454590 9935454590

INDORE INDORE

Bhaiya Industries, Industries, 9109120101 9109120101 Bhaiya

KANPUR KANPUR

Raj Book Book Dist, Dist, 9235616506 9235616506 Raj

CHHINDWARA CHHINDWARA

Pustak Bhawan, Bhawan, 9827255997 9827255997 Pustak

LUCKNOW LUCKNOW

Azad Book Book Depot D e p o t PVT PVT LTD, LTD, 7317000250, 7317000250, Rama Rama Book Book Depot(Retail), Depot(Retail), 7355078254 7355078254 Azad Ashirwad Ashirwad Book Book Depot D e p o t ,, 9235501197, 9235501197, Book Book Sadan, Sadan, 8318643277, 8318643277, Book.com Book.com ,, 7458922755, Sheetla Sheetla Book Book Agency, Agency, 9235832418 9235832418 7458922755,

MAHARASHTRA MAHARASHTRA

PRAYAGRAJ PRAYAGRAJ

Format Center, 9335115561, Garg Brothers Format Center, 9335115561, Garg Brothers Trading Trading & & Services Services Pvt. Pvt. Ltd., Ltd., 7388100499 7388100499

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UTTAR UTTAR PRADESH PRADESH DEHRADUN DEHRADUN

(( 88 ))

First Level

► Second Level

►Third Level

Trace the Mind Map

To-the-point answers

Informative/descriptive in nature

Contains facts and data

Vocabulary building

Interpretation

Inference

Critical evaluation

Comprehension

Logical reasoning

Not

Helps in better understanding

Important and relevant information

Argumentative/persuasive in nature

Contains opinions/feedbacks

Short & crisp points

Answers based on understanding and reasoning

S&ctian-A

Answer in your own words

Analyze, interpret, infer

Understand the theme

Skim and scan the keywords

Read carefully and quickly



UNSEEN PASSAGES PASSAGES UNSEEN

1 1

SECTION SKILLS SECTION A A :: READING READING SKILLS

CHAPTER

1



Syllabus Syllabus

UNSEEN PASSAGES PASSAGES

I. One unseen unseen passage assess comprehension, comprehension, interpretation interpretation and and [ I. One passage to to assess vocabulary. The The passage may be descriptive or or literary. vocabulary. passage may be factual, factual, descriptive literary.

II. One unseen unseen case-based case-based passage with verbal/visual verbal/visual inputs inputs like like statistical II. One passage with statistical} data,' charts charts etc. etc. data, i Note: The The combined combined word word limit the passages will be be 600-750. 600-750. ! Note: limit for for both both the passages will Multiple Choice Choice Questions/ Questions/Objective type Questions Questions will will be be asked asked (10 (10 + 18 marks) marks) ] Multiple Objective type + 88 = = 18

Introduction • •

• •

Comprehension means means to to understand understand the the text text fully, using using one’s one's intellect. A comprehension passage passage is used used to to test test the the reader’s reader's ability to to understand understand the the meaning meaning and and theme theme of of the the given given text. text. In most most cases, cases, questions are are given chronologically. the answer to to the the first question question can be found in the the first chronologically. So, the paragraph paragraph of of the the passage passage and so on. But But inference-based questions are based on on multiple multiple paragraphs. paragraphs. So, the the entire passage passage has has to to be read read to to solve them. them. Scan to Scan to know know more more about about this this topic topic

Tips to Tips to Know Know How For Comprehension Comprehension How To Read Read a Passage Passage For

Follow these these tips tips while while attempting attempting an unseen unseen passage passage : 1. Read 1. Read silently. Do not not read read aloud.

2. 2.

Unseen Unseen Passages Passages

Read the the entire sentence together together to to make make out the the sense or meaning. meaning. Read



3. 3.



4. Don't panic about the words you do not understand. 4. Don’t



5. Try to 5. to make make out out the the meaning meaning of the the word word you you don’t don't understand understand in context to to the the passage. passage.



6. Go carefully and read 6. Go through through the the questions carefully read that that part part of of the the passage passage which which contains the the answer again. again.



7. 7.



8. Maintain 8. Maintain the the order in which which the the questions appear in the the test test paper. paper. Don’t Don't answer questions questions randomly. randomly.

Read Read the the passage passage thoroughly thoroughly to to determine determine the the main main idea before you you look at the the questions.

Answer must be relevant and to the point.

oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo

Marking Scheme Scheme Passage will be of 10 marks marks Passage will be of 10 l Multiple Choice Type Questions • Multiple Choice Questions/ Questions/ Objective Objective Type Questions

(10+8) 18 marks marks (10+8) = = 18



UNSEEN PASSAGES PASSAGES UNSEEN

   Type Type II :: (Factual/Discursive) (Factual/Discursive)

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(10 (io marks) marks)

I. the following following passage carefully :: (10 marks) I. Read Read the passage carefully (10 marks) 1. of wonders miracles. It has been called the the ‘Age of Science', different aspects of our 1. We We live live in in an an age age of wonders and and miracles. It has been called Age of Science’, and and different aspects of our life life that changed in in the been attributed attributed to science. This This is is completely but it it is is only side of that changed the preceding preceding centuries centuries have have been to science. completely true, true, but only one one side of the coin. The The flip flip side side is is that advanced more in the field of such as as empathy and concern concern the coin. that as as we we have have advanced more in the field of technology, technology, values values such empathy and for our fellow human beings are are gradually being eroded. for our fellow human beings gradually being eroded.

2. Take the example of the the Internet. Internet. On On the the one hand, access access to to information knowledge at at the the click of aa button 2. Take the example of one hand, information and and knowledge click of button is aa veritable boon to students) and lives much simpler. On other hand, it is veritable boon to everyone everyone (especially (especially students) and this this has has made made our our lives much simpler. On the the other hand, it has severely limited limited actual actual contact contact with friends and Thus, the learning is is incomplete incomplete because because it it lacks lacks has severely with teachers, teachers, friends and elders. elders. Thus, the learning personal advice that on the basis of and practical personal advice that aa person person gives gives on the basis of their their knowledge knowledge and practical experiences. experiences. 3. Today, aa small small child can access access and and navigate but at at the same time, basic 3. Today, child can navigate the the Internet Internet with with ease, ease, but the same time, miss miss out out on on the the basic human of friendship, friendship, relationships family values. values. Owing excessive technology, often miss human traits traits of relationships and and family Owing to to excessive technology, children children often miss out out on the the most most enriching playing outdoor outdoor games games with with friends, which apart apart from on enriching childhood childhood experiences experiences such such as as playing friends, which from being being immensely enjoyable enjoyable and and physically also develop such as and discipline at an early age. immensely physically exhilarating, exhilarating, also develop traits traits such as teamwork teamwork and discipline at an early age. As friendship friendship is is gradually being limited limited to friends, it it has implications on of aa As gradually being to virtual virtual friends, has harsh harsh implications on the the personality personality development development of child because the spent with computers or or mobile can never substitute for for the benefits of outdoor child because the time time spent with computers mobile phones phones can never substitute the holistic holistic benefits of outdoor play. play. 4. me, II think think this this age rapid development development has has created many problems problems as has solved, not 4. As As for for me, age of of rapid created at at least least as as many as it it has solved, if if not more. The reason is that basic goal life, which should be be the been replaced by the more. The reason is that the the basic goal of of life, which should the pursuit pursuit of of happiness happiness has has now now been replaced by the pursuit considered analogous analogous in in our our present society, but but they actually are are not so. In pursuit of of money. money. Money Money and and happiness happiness are are considered present society, they actually not so. In this of money, appreciate the beauty of life, which consists not of multibillion this mindless mindless pursuit pursuit of money, nobody nobody has has time time now now to to appreciate the beauty of life, which consists not of multi- billion dollar skyscrapers, but but aa simple simple act act of of kindness someone in in aa time dollar skyscrapers, kindness to to someone time of of need. need. 5. So, So, there is an an urgent stop for for aa moment and think about where are actually is it it development 5. there is urgent need need to to stop moment and think about where we we are actually headingheading- is development or so much apart from from each see the or destruction destruction ?? Do Do we we have have to to wait wait until until people people have have grown grown so much apart each other other that that we we cannot cannot see the suffering of our our own due to to our our mindless mindless greed, greed, or we still mend our our ways ways ?? suffering of own species species due or can can we still mend

On the basis of of your understanding of the above above passage, passage, answer answer the the questions given below. below. On the basis your understanding of the questions given



Q.1. to the the passage, passage, it is like one side Q.l. According According to it is like one side of of the coin coin to to say that life life has has changed changed owing owing to to the say that science as: as: science (A) of science science has brought wonders (A) age age of has brought wonders and and miracles. miracles. (B) different aspects of life have changed due (B) different aspects of life have changed due to science. to science. (C) there is another side of the the coin coin to to look (C) there is another side of look at. at. (D) his side side of is the and sufficient sufficient (D) tthis of the the coin coin is the true true and to look at. to look at.

Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.2. Which of the the following following is is NOT TRUE about about Q.2. Which of NOT TRUE the internet: the internet: (A) information and (A) It’s It's an an easy easy access access to to information and knowledge. knowledge. (B) It has has made made our our lives (B) It lives simpler. simpler. (C) It limited actual actual contact (C) It has has limited contact with with teachers teachers and friends. and friends. (D) It can can easily advice based based on (D) It easily give give advice on personal personal experience. experience.

Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.3. hampers the the holistic holistic growth growth of Q.3. Internet Internet hampers of aa child child by: by: (A) encouraging encouraging human human traits traits of of friendship, (A) friendship, society and family. society and family. (B) childhood experiences of (B) enriching enriching childhood experiences of outdoor outdoor games. games. (C) providing virtual friends friends and and gadgets. (C) providing virtual gadgets. (D) d developing teamwork and and discipline. discipline. (D) eveloping teamwork



(1 10 = 10) (1 × X 10 = 10)

Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.4. According to to the the passage, passage, true true happiness happiness lies Q.4.According lies in: in: (A) simple acts of (A) simple acts of kindness. kindness. (B) rapid (B) rapid development. development. (C) multibillion dollar skyscrapers. (C) multi- billion dollar skyscrapers. (D) ursuit of of money. (D) p pursuit money. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Q.5. The ‘veritable’ in para 2 2 means: means: Q.5. The word word 'veritable' in para (A) Actual (B) (A) Actual (B) Big Big (C) Latest (D) Perfect (C) Latest (D) Perfect Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.6. The antonym of of the 'holistic' is: Q.6. The antonym the word word 'holistic' is: (A) Agonistic (B) Individualistic (A) Agonistic (B) Individualistic (C) Optimistic (D) Pessimistic (C) Optimistic (D) Pessimistic Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.7. According to the the passage, passage, what be the the Q.7. According to what will will be consequence our actions actions if not consequence of of our if we we do do not change our ways? change our ways? (A) There will be no (A) There will be no more more development, development, only only destruction. destruction. (B) People will will become very greedy greedy and and start (B) People become very start looting other. looting each each other. (C) beings will feel each each other’s (C) Human Human beings will not not feel other's suffering. suffering. (D) We will start growing from each each other other (D) We will start growing apart apart from and live on on our our own. and live own. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct.

4 4

Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

Q.8. Pick the word from the the passage Q.8. Pick out out the word from passage which which means the the same as similar similar (para 4) means same as (para 4) Ans. Ans. analogus analogus Q.9. are the advantages of of playing playing outside outside Q.9. What What are the advantages with friends? with friends? (A) You become to virtual virtual friends. (A) You become limited limited to friends. (B) You find aa better better substitute substitute for for computers computers (B) You find and mobile and mobile phones. phones. (C) You You develop develop traits traits like discipline and and (C) like discipline teamwork. teamwork.

(D) There are implications on (D) There are harsh harsh implications on personality personality development. development. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.10. ccording to to the the author, author, money money and and happiness: happiness: Q.10.A According (A) are each other (A) are analogous analogous to to each other (B) are the the same thing with with different different words words (B) are same thing (C) are from each other (C) are not not very very different different from each other (D) re thought be the same but but may be so. so. (D) aare thought to to be the same may not not be Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct.

Read the following following passage passage carefully carefully ::  (10 marks) Read the (10 marks) 1. We We are are what eat. The The type food we eat has both immediate immediate and and long-term long-term effects levels 1. what we we eat. type of of food we eat has both effects on on us, us, at at all all the the three three levels — body, the and the spirit. Food is tamasik tamasik (i.e. (i.e. stale stale or leftover) in in nature is bound bound to stress as it — the the body, the mind mind and the spirit. Food which which is or leftover) nature is to generate generate stress as it tends functioning of of the body. Fresheners Fresheners should should be be avoided. Taking piping tends to to upset upset the the normal normal functioning the human human body. avoided. Taking piping hot hot tea/milk tea/milk or or steaming hot food, whenever available, available, must must be preferred. Excessive Excessive use use of of condiments disturbs one’s one's usually usually calm steaming hot food, whenever be preferred. condiments also also disturbs calm attitude. Further, it it is is aa mistaken belief that smoking or or drinking, even in in moderation, stress. Simple Simple meals attitude. Further, mistaken belief that smoking drinking, even moderation, relieves relieves stress. meals with with one or two food items, items, rather lavish dishes, Also, vegetarian is preferable. Although one or two food rather than than too too many many lavish dishes, are are advisable. advisable. Also, vegetarian diet diet is preferable. Although it is is customary serve fruits fruits with food items, items, it it is is not This is is because it customary to to serve with food not the the right right thing thing to to do. do. This because different different kinds kinds of of digestive digestive secretions are are produced by the stomach for for variant variant food food items. items. Mixing varieties of food items items in in one one meal secretions produced by the stomach Mixing up up too too many many varieties of food meal creates problems for the system. In fact, any any one one type fruit, preferably in the is better. better. creates problems for the digestive digestive system. In fact, type of of fruit, preferably taken taken in the morning morning is 2. On an an average, we eat three to to four times the the quantity quantity of than we we actually actually need. need. A of body's 2. On average, we eat almost almost three four times of food food than A lot lot of body’s energy is used for digesting excess food. food. It is said said that after aa particular level of of food food intake, intake, the ‘food actually actually eats energy is used up up for digesting the the excess It is that after particular level the 'food eats one one up’. up'. 3. It is is always always good eat aa little little less less than ‘full-stomach’ capacity. capacity. Besides, eat food food unless 3. It good to to eat than your your 'full-stomach' Besides, never never eat unless you you are are really really hungry. To have dinner dinner at at 88 or or 99 pm pm after heavy snack or 66 pm pm in the evening asking for trouble. In In fact, hungry. To have after aa heavy snack around around 55 or in the evening is is asking for trouble. fact, skipping aa meal is always if the stomach is is upset. There are are varying varying views views on benefits of fasting, but but we skipping meal is always good good if the stomach upset. There on the the benefits of fasting, we will will not However, giving break to stomach, at at least least once once aa week, by having only fruit fruit or or milk, not discuss discuss them them here. here. However, giving aa break to one’s one's stomach, week, by having only milk, etc. etc. may be worth may be worth aa try. try. 4. of water water taken taken with with meals meals is all right, right, drinking drinking 30 to 60 ml of of water water with with food not advisable. 4. While While aa little little bit bit of is all 30 to 60 ml food is is not advisable. Water, an hour so before before or or after is good for digestion. be balanced balanced with Water, taken taken an hour or or so after meals, meals, is good for digestion. One’s One's diet diet must must be with all all the the required required nutrients for aa healthy living. nutrients for healthy living. 5. Also excess of of everything is bad. bad. Related of stress, stress, excessive excessive intake intake of salt is is definitely 5. Also remember, remember, excess everything is Related to to the the problem problem of of salt definitely out. Too much sugar, fried fried food food and chillies are are not craving for for aa particular out. Too much of of sugar, and chillies not good good either. either. Over-indulgence Over-indulgence and and excessive excessive craving particular taste/type food generates at worst, tamasik (dull) important aspect aspect of taste/type of of food generates rajasik rajasik (aggressive) (aggressive) or or at worst, tamasik (dull) tendencies. tendencies. An An even even more more important of the between food food and and stress stress lies lies not so much in what or how but how food is is taken. the relationship relationship between not so much in what or how much much we we eat eat but how the the food taken. For For example, food eaten in great or in in aa state state of of anger anger or or any other negative state of is bound bound to induce stress. stress. example, food eaten in great hurry hurry or any other negative state of mind mind is to induce How food is is served served is is also also very very important. important. Not crockery etc. love and How the the food Not only only the the presentation, presentation, cutlery, cutlery, crockery etc. play play aa role, role, the the love and affection food is is served served is is also also significant. significant. Finding faults with food while it is is being being eaten is aa bad bad habit. affection with with which which the the food Finding faults with food while it eaten is habit. It is better better not food you like, rather finding faults faults with with it. it. It is not to to eat eat the the food you do do not not like, rather than than finding 6. It is is good food habits. find time eat food food at at proper invite 6. It good to to have have regular regular food habits. Workaholics Workaholics who who do do not not find time to to eat proper meal meal time time invite stomach ulcers. One One must must try try to to enjoy enjoy one’s one's food, therefore, eating the so-called meetings is highly stomach ulcers. food, and and therefore, eating at at the so-called lunch/dinner lunch/dinner meetings is highly inadvisable. Every of food food should should be be enjoyed state of and discussions should inadvisable. Every morsel morsel of enjoyed with with aa totally totally peaceful peaceful state of mind. mind. Food Food and discussions should not be mixed. There are are accepted accepted ways ‘charge’ the food we is perhaps ‘the best best method for energizing not be mixed. There ways to to 'charge' the food we eat. eat. Prayer Prayer is perhaps 'the method for energizing the food and and it it does additional good at no cost. By: Gen. M. Walia the food does definite definite additional good at no extra extra cost. By: Lt. Lt. Gen. M. M. M. Walia On the basis basis of of your your understanding understanding of of the above passage, passage, answer answer the the questions given below. below. (1 10 = 10) On the the above questions given (1 × x 10 = 10) Q.1.Tamasik food influences influences a a person person by: by: Q.l.Tamasik food (C) Pickles add to (C) Pickles add to taste. taste. (A) generating stress. (A) generating stress. (D) ondiments help enhance appetite. appetite. (D) C Condiments help to to enhance (B) making aa person person energetic. energetic. (B) making Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct. (C) generating large amount of energy. (C) generating large amount of energy. Q.3. The that the the "food “food actually actually eats eats Q.3. The writer writer says says that (D) aking aa person bold. (D) m making person bold. one up” because because the: the: one up" Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is (A) digestion (A) digestion takes takes too too much much time. time. Q.2. According the passage, passage, generally generally what Q.2. According to to the what (B) excessive intake of food takes lot of body’s (B) excessive intake of food takes aa lot of body's incorrect belief do people practise at the incorrect belief do people practise at the energy to to digest digest it. energy it. table: table: (C) food sustains the body. (C) food sustains the body. (A) Smoking food. (A) Smoking helps helps to to digest digest food. (D) erson becomes becomes healthy. (D) p person healthy. (B) Smoking even in in moderation (B) Smoking or or drinking drinking even moderation Ans. Option (B) is correct. Ans. Option (B) is correct. relieves stress. relieves stress. II. II.



UNSEEN PASSAGES PASSAGES UNSEEN

Q.4. tendencies are are generated generated due Q.4. Rajasik Rajasik tendencies due to: to: (A) over indulgence in in fried fried food. food. (A) over indulgence (B) too spicy food. food. (B) too much much use use of of spicy (C) over indulgence and craving for for aa (C) over indulgence and excessive excessive craving particular particular taste. taste. (D) xcess of everything. (D) E Excess of everything. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.5.Here, Q.5.Here, the the word “charge” means: means: word "charge" (A) to impose or or ask ask as as aa price fee (A) to impose price or or fee (B) to by rushing violently against against (B) to attack attack by rushing violently (C) to formally (C) to accuse accuse formally (D) o feel feel full full of vigour (D) tto of vigour Ans. Option (D) is correct. Ans. Option (D) is correct. Q.6. While eating food, food, we should do all of the Q.6. While eating we should do all of the following, except: except: following, (A) have lavish dishes at one one time (A) have many many lavish dishes at time (B) eat less than capacity (B) eat less than our our capacity (C) give break to stomach at least once once aa (C) give aa break to our our stomach at least week week (D) rink water before or after meals (D) d drink water an an hour hour before or after meals Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct.

5 5

Q.7. the word the passage passage with the Q.7. Find Find the word in in the with the meaning -- not not being being extremes, extremes. (para 1) meaning (para 1) Ans. Moderation Ans. Moderation Q.8. Which of these these is is not not a a bad bad food food habit? habit? Q.8. Which of (A) in aa great (A) Eating Eating in great hurry hurry (B) in aa negative state of of mind (B) Eating Eating in negative state mind (C) Skipping stomach is is upset (C) Skipping aa meal meal when when the the stomach upset (D) Finding fault fault with food while eating (D) Finding with the the food while eating Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.9. helpful? Q.9. Why Why is is prayer prayer helpful? (A) It of mind. (A) It gives gives peace peace of mind. (B) It food. (B) It energises energises the the food. (C) It God happy. (C) It makes makes God happy. (D) It adds food. (D) It adds extra extra cost cost to to the the food. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.10. Q.10. Which these diseases common in in Which of of these diseases is is common workaholics? workaholics? (A) Kidney stones (A) Kidney stones (B) Appendicitis (B) Appendicitis (C) Stomach (C) Stomach ulcers ulcers (D) ack of of appetite appetite (D) L Lack Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct.

III. the following following passage carefully:  III. Read Read the passage carefully:

marks) [a|7] (10 (10 marks)

A A Man, Man, His His Vision Vision And And His His Message Message 1. A.P J. Abdul Abdul Kalam statesman and and visionary above all all aa good being. 1. A.E. J. Kalam was was aa multifaceted multifaceted personality, personality, aa statesman visionary and and above good human human being. He brilliant scientist scientist and and modern When II joined as Press Secretary after after ten of his becoming He was was aa brilliant modern thinker. thinker. When joined him him as Press Secretary ten days days of his becoming President, at his very first first meeting vision of of aa developed India .. He spoke of of how President, at his very meeting he he gave gave me me his his vision developed India He spoke how he he wanted wanted to to make make Rashtrapati voice of of the be heard Rashtrapati Bhavan Bhavan aa people’s people's place place where where voice the millions millions of of downtrodden downtrodden people people of of India India would would be heard and and action Indeed during became aa people's and he became popular as People's action taken. taken. Indeed during his his time time Rashtrapati Rashtrapati Bhavan Bhavan became people's place place and he became popular as People's President. institution of of the be totally identified by by ordinary ordinary people. President. He He wanted wanted that that institution the President President to to be totally identified people. 2. President President Kalam Kalam took took his his Presidency Presidency seriously day one. He was was as with constitutional 2. seriously from from day one. He as comfortable comfortable with constitutional and and legal legal issues as school children. committed to created aa vision issues as he he was was with with school children. He He was was committed to nation-building nation-building and and created vision document document to to make make India by 2020. 2020. He senior ministers and bureaucrats bureaucrats on India aa developed developed nation nation by He made made aa powerpoint powerpoint presentation presentation to to senior ministers and on this. this. 3. at conferences conferences and and seminars seminars both both in in India India and abroad to 3. He He used used to to make make powerpoint powerpoint presentations presentations at and abroad to discuss discuss that that vision. and he very particular about every and sentence. sentence. vision. On On these, these, he he used used to to work work himself himself and he was was very particular about every word word and 4. He did did it during his his visits visits abroad and while while meeting meeting dignitaries dignitaries such US President President George George Bush and Pakistan Pakistan 4. He it during abroad and such as as US Bush and President When he vision of India’s nuclear Mr. Bush and his President Pervez Pervez Musharaf. Musharaf. When he presented presented his his vision of India's nuclear energy energy requirements requirements to to Mr. Bush and his vision of aa joint fight India and Pakistan could wage against poverty, commented that vision of joint fight India and Pakistan could wage against poverty, the the respective respective Presidents Presidents commented that they they had become scientists scientists to can’t think of any had to to become to understand understand the the presentation. presentation. You You can't think of any other other President President of of aa country country who who would would have have done done that. that. 5. His His vision vision for for the based on on equality, of the individual and social, economic economic and 5. the nation nation was was based equality, the the dignity dignity of the individual and justice, justice, social, and political, every Indian. Indian. Only can India India succeed succeed and everybody sing sing the song of India, he say. political, to to every Only then then can and everybody the song of India, he used used to to say. 6. last on July 22, 22, five five days before his lasted aa good 40 minutes. 6. 1I met met him him last on July days before his demise. demise. It It was was aa one-on-one one-on-one meeting meeting that that lasted good 40 minutes. He full of ideas as always, very very active and discussed subjects. He “Whatever you He was was full of ideas as always, active and discussed different different subjects. He used used to to tell tell me, me, "Whatever you do, do, do do differently. Wherever you leave aa mark be remembered.” differently. Wherever you work, work, leave mark and and be remembered." 7. During his always comfortable, When 7. During his presidency presidency he he was was always comfortable, except except on on two two occasions, occasions, when when his his unease unease was was visible. visible. When he consent to 2006 after after it it was sent for for the second time by the he had had to to give give his his consent to the the Office Office of of Profit Profit Bill, Bill, 2006 was sent the second time by the Parliament, Parliament, and and when he he had had to to approve the ordinance ordinance on Disqualification of of Elected Elected Representatives Representatives in was sent to him him by when approve the on Disqualification in 2004 2004 as as it it was sent to by the for aa second second time. the Cabinet Cabinet for time. 8. He icon for for the say "Aiming “Aiming small small is is aa crime. should have courage to 8. He was was an an icon the youth. youth. He He used used to to say crime. Youth Youth should have the the courage to think think differently and explore explore unexplored come but but don’t be afraid of them—overcome differently and unexplored paths. paths. Difficulties Difficulties would would come don't be afraid of them—overcome them them with with your intellect hard work.” work." your intellect and and hard 9. The The man who pioneered India’s missile always proud at the Indian Space Space Research 9. man who pioneered India's missile programme programme was was always proud of of his his work work at the Indian Research Organisation and other other scientific scientific institutions. institutions. He believe that scientific approach approach could could find find aa solution solution to Organisation and He used used to to believe that aa scientific to every every problem. problem. 10. He ardent secularist, secularist, and and also also aa religious believed that are like like beautiful beautiful islands; islands; 10. He was was an an ardent religious man. man. He He believed that all all religions religions are but there is no between them. We should should strive strive to achieve this connectivity and into but there is no connectivity connectivity between them. We to achieve this connectivity and transform transform religion religion into spirituality. For For him same. spirituality. him religion religion and and morality morality were were the the same.

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

11. A vision, he always worked in mission 10 lakh lakh students students and interact 11. A man man of of vision, he always worked in mission mode. mode. He He had had aa mission mission to to meet meet 10 and interact with left Rashtrapati continued with last breath. breath. His His child-like child-like with them. them. He He completed completed this this when when he he left Rashtrapati Bhavan. Bhavan. He He continued with this this till till his his last simplicity was an instant instant hit. simplicity was an hit. 12. He sobriquet of being the because of of his and accessibility. 12. He got got the the sobriquet of being the People’s People's President President because his humility humility and accessibility. President President Kalam Kalam always worked towards building consensus always worked towards building consensus rather rather than than ramming ramming down down decisions. decisions. 13. He came from from aa modest background, but but educated simply 13. He came modest background, educated himself himself and and worked worked hard hard to to rise rise to to the the top. top. He He was was simply the books were lectures were full. He adored by by children children as as the missile missile man man whose whose books were prime-sellers, prime-sellers, whose whose lectures were always always house house full. He was was adored he easy-to-digest messages. he would would give give them them easy-to-digest messages. On the the basis basis of of your your understanding understanding of of the the above above passage, passage, answer answer the given below. below. (1 10 = 10) On the questions questions given (1 × X 10 = 10) Q.1.Which of the following following traits traits explain, Q.6.The antonym antonym of ‘modest’ (para 13) is: is: Q.l.Which of the explain, in in aa Q.6.The of 'modest' (para 13) single the many many qualities of A.P .J. Abdul single word, word, the qualities of A.P.J. Abdul (A) flamboyant (A) flamboyant Kalam? Kalam? (B) immodest (B) immodest (A) scientist (A) Brilliant Brilliant scientist (C) ordinary (C) ordinary (B) Visionary (B) Visionary (D) poor (D) poor (C) Statesman (C) Statesman Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. (D) Multifaceted (D) Multifaceted Q.7.What could be be the meaning of of 'mission ‘mission mode' mode’ Q.7.What could the meaning Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is in context with the passage: in context with the passage: Q.2.What was so special about A.P .J. Abdul Q.2.What was so special about A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Kalam (A) Always being ready for something something (A) Always being ready for that no no other could do? that other president president could do? (B) Working continuously and regularly (B) Working continuously and regularly (A) His (A) His vision vision document document (C) Working with a focused goal in mind (C) Working with a focused goal in mind (B) Being equally comfortable legal issues issues (B) Being equally comfortable with with legal and school children and school children (D) Working last breath breath (D) Working till till the the last (C) skill of on (C) His His skill of power power point point presentation presentation on Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. nuclear nuclear energy energy Q.8.Pick the word from the the passage Q.8.Pick out out the word from passage which which is is (D) His building (D) His commitment commitment to to nation nation building similar in meaning to to 'person ‘person of of high high position’. similar in meaning position', Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is (para 4) (para 4) Q.3.Which of the following following qualities made him him Ans. Q.3.Which of the qualities made Ans. dignitary dignitary loved by children? children? loved by Q.9.Which these statements statements from from the the passage passage Q.9.Which of of these shows that that Dr. Kalam was able to to conquer conquer shows Dr. Kalam was able (A) Advised start aiming aiming small small (A) Advised them them to to start obstacles and and achieve achieve his his goal: goal: obstacles (B) Encouraged (B) Encouraged them them to to think think differently differently (A) an ardent secularist, and also aa (A) He He was was an ardent secularist, and also (C) Advised easy to (C) Advised them them with with easy to digest digest messages messages religious religious man. man. (D) xhorted them overcome difficulties (D) E Exhorted them to to overcome difficulties (B) He came from from aa modest background, but but (B) He came modest background, Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. educated himself educated himself and and worked worked hard hard to to rise rise Q.4.The bills bills were not passed passed by by A.P .J. Abdul Q.4.The were not A.P.J. Abdul to to the the top. top. Kalam initially because: Kalam initially because: (C) He was an icon icon for for the (C) He was an the youth. youth. (A) they bills (A) they were were profit profit bills (D) He was simply the missile man (D) He was simply the missile man whose whose (B) sent by by the cabinet (B) they they were were not not sent the cabinet books were prime-sellers, whose lectures books were prime-sellers, whose lectures (C) sent them for the second (C) the the Parliament Parliament had had sent them for the second were full. were always always house house full. time time Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is (D) he convinced with (D) he himself himself was was not not convinced with them them Q.10. W hich attribute, attribute, according according to to Dr. Kalam, Q.10. Which Dr. Kalam, Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is could solve all the the problems? problems? could solve all Q.5.‘Sobriquet being People's People’s President’ Q.5.' Sobriquet of of being President' (para (para (A) Scientific approach (A) Scientific approach 12) is is a/an: a/an: 12) (B) and technology (B) Research Research and technology (A) title (B) nickname (A) title (B) nickname (C) Constitutional and legal legal issues issues (C) Constitutional and (C) award (D) honour (C) award (D) honour (D) Religion and spirituality spirituality (D) Religion and Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct.

(10 marks) (10 marks) 1. He, in the of his life been been well city. Some Some of of his 1. He, Mehmood Mehmood the the kite-maker, kite-maker, had had in the prime prime of his life well known known throughout throughout the the city. his more more elaborate once sold sold for for as as much as three or four four rupees each. elaborate kites kites once much as three or rupees each. 2. once made special kind of kite, been seen seen in in the 2. At At the the request request of of the the Nawab, Nawab, he he had had once made aa very very special kind of kite, unlike unlike any any that that had had been the district. It consisted consisted of series of small, very very light light paper bamboo frame. frame. To To the end of district. It of aa series of small, paper disks disks trailing trailing on on aa thin thin bamboo the end of each each disk disk he fixed aa sprig sprig of forming aa balance balance on both sides. sides. The The surface surface of of the foremost disk slightly convex, and aa he fixed of grass, grass, forming on both the foremost disk was was slightly convex, and fantastic face face was it, having eyes made of small small mirrors. The disks, in size size from from head fantastic was painted painted on on it, having two two eyes made of mirrors. The disks, decreasing decreasing in head to to tail, tail, assumed an undulatory form and and gave appearance of of aa crawling crawling serpent. serpent. It It required skill to assumed an undulatory form gave the the kite kite the the appearance required great great skill to raise raise this this cumbersome from the only Mehmood Mehmood could could manage it. cumbersome device device from the ground, ground, and and only manage it. 3. ‘Dragon Kite’ Mehmood had built, and and word word went it possessed 3. Everyone Everyone had had heard heard of of the the 'Dragon Kite' that that Mehmood had built, went round round that that it possessed supernatural powers. A large large crowd crowd assembled assembled in in the open to its first first public launching in in the supernatural powers. A the open to watch watch its public launching the presence presence of of the the Nawab. Nawab. IV IV..

Read the following following passage carefully. Read the passage carefully.



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4. At first attempt, attempt, it it refused leave the The disks sound, and and the sun 4. At the the first refused to to leave the ground. ground. The disks made made aa plaintive, plaintive, protesting protesting sound, the sun was in the little mirrors, living, complaining creature. Then Then the came from from the was trapped trapped in the little mirrors, making making the the kite kite aa living, complaining creature. the wind wind came the right right direction, and the soared into into the sky, wriggling its way and higher, sun still still glinting in its its direction, and the Dragon Dragon Kite Kite soared the sky, wriggling its way higher higher and higher, the the sun glinting in devil-eyes. it went very high, it pulled fiercely on on the and Mehmood’s sons had devil-eyes. And And when when it went very high, it pulled fiercely the twine, twine, and Mehmood's young young sons had to to help help him him with the the reel. reel. Still the kite kite pulled, pulled, determined determined to to be to break to live own. And eventually it did so. with Still the be free, free, to break loose, loose, to live aa life life of of its its own. And eventually it did so. The twine snapped, the leaped away away toward sun, sailing sailing on it was lost to view. It It was The twine snapped, the kite kite leaped toward the the sun, on heavenward heavenward until until it was lost to view. was never never found again, afterwards if if he vivid, too living aa thing of the found again, and and Mehmood Mehmood wondered wondered afterwards he made made too too vivid, too living thing of the great great kite. kite. He He did did not not make like it. it. Instead Instead he sound like like aa violin violin when it rose make another another like he presented presented to to the the Nawab Nawab aa musical musical kite, kite, one one that that made made aa sound when it rose in the air. in the air. 5. Those Those were leisurely, more spacious days. ago, and and his 5. were more more leisurely, more spacious days. But But the the Nawab Nawab had had died died years years ago, his descendants descendants were were almost as Mehmood like poets, but no Mehmood, almost as as poor poor as Mehmood himself. himself. Kite-makers, Kite-makers, like poets, once once had had their their patrons; patrons; but no one one knew knew Mehmood, simply because because there in the Gali, and and they could not be bothered bothered with simply there were were too too many many people people in the Gali, they could not be with their their neighbours. neighbours. 6. When Mehmood and had fallen sick, sick, everyone everyone in in the come to ask after 6. When Mehmood was was younger younger and had fallen the neighbourhood neighbourhood had had come to ask after his his health; but now, when when his his days days were were drawing drawing to to aa close, no one him. Most his old old friends were dead dead and his health; but now, close, no one visited visited him. Most of of his friends were and his sons had one was in aa local local garage and the in Pakistan at the of the sons had grown grown up: up: one was working working in garage and the other, other, who who was was in Pakistan at the time time of the Partition, Partition, had been able able to had not not been to rejoin rejoin his his relatives. relatives. 7. The who had had bought kites from him ten ten years years ago ago were now grown grown men, men, struggling they 7. The children children who bought kites from him were now struggling for for aa living; living; they did for the old man They had in aa swiftly swiftly changing changing and competitive world, did not not have have time time for the old man and and his his memories. memories. They had grown grown up up in and competitive world, and looked at at the old kite-maker and the banyan tree same indifference. indifference. and they they looked the old kite-maker and the banyan tree with with the the same 8. Both for granted—permanent fixtures that of no sweating mass 8. Both were were taken taken for granted—permanent fixtures that were were of no concern concern to to the the raucous, raucous, sweating mass of of humanity surrounded them. longer did banyan tree humanity that that surrounded them. No No longer did people people gather gather under under the the banyan tree to to discuss discuss their their problems problems and and their in the summer months few seek seek shelter shelter from from the fierce sun. sun. [DDE 2017-18] 2017-18] their plans; plans; only only in the summer months did did aa few the fierce [DDE Excerpt from the the story: story: The The Kite by Ruskin Excerpt from Kite Maker Maker by Ruskin Bond Bond

On your understanding passage, answer questions given (1 × X 10 = 10) On the the basis basis of of your understanding of of the the above above passage, answer the the questions given below. below. (1 10 = 10) Q.6.The of the the Nawab Q.6.The descendants descendants of Nawab were were Q.l.On whose whose request Mehmood make Q.1.On request did did Mehmood make the the almost as as poor poor as as Mehmood himself means: means: almost Mehmood himself kite? kite? (A) That Nawab’s Nawab' s relatives relatives were were poor poor like (A) That like (A) The public (B) The Nawab (A) The public (B) The Nawab Mehmood. Mehmood. (C) sons (D) (C) His His sons (D) His His neighbours neighbours (B) The Nawab's relatives relatives were were poor poor like the (B) The Nawab’s like the Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is nawab. nawab. Q.2.What the crowd crowd believe believe the the kite kite Q.2.What did did the (C) The Nawab's relatives relatives were were poor poor like the (C) The Nawab’s like the possessed? possessed? people in the people in the neighbourhood. neighbourhood. (A) Will (A) Will of of its its own own (D) The Nawab's relatives relatives were were poor poor like the (D) The Nawab’s like the (B) (B) Hundred Hundred parts parts people in the local garage. people working working in the local garage. (C) (C) Long Long tail tail Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Q.7.Which of is true Mehmood, Q.7.Which of these these facts facts is true about about Mehmood, (D) Supernatural powers (D) Supernatural powers the kite kite maker's maker’s family: family: the Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is (A) They were indifferent towards him him during during (A) They were indifferent towards Q.3. the Nawab a: Q.3. Later, Later, Mehmood Mehmood presented presented the Nawab with with a: his last days. his last days. (A) Musical Musical kite kite (B) (B) Colourful kite (A) Colourful kite (B) One One of of them them was was living Pakistan. (B) living in in Pakistan. (C) (D) Sitar shaped shaped kite (C) Dragon Dragon kite kite (D) Sitar kite (C) None None of them knew knew how how to to fly kite. (C) of them fly aa kite. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. (D) They had become richer than than the the Nawab. Nawab. (D) They had become richer Q.4.Which the following following happened happened first? first? Q.4.Which of of the Ans. Option (B) is correct. Ans. Option (B) is correct. (A) The death of Nawab (A) The death of Nawab Q.8.(i) Which word word in in the ‘having Q.8.(i) Which the passage passage means means 'having (B) The dragon kite kite flying away (B) The dragon flying away appearance or or form' form’ (para 2) aa wavelike wavelike appearance (para 2) (C) The rays falling the mirrors mirrors on on the the (C) The sun's sun’s rays falling on on the (ii) Which word in the passage passage means means 'strong (ii) Which word in the ‘strong dragon dragon kite kite thread string’ (para 4) thread or or string' (para 4) (D) The musical by (D) The musical kite kite presented presented to to Nawab Nawab by Ans. (i) Ans. (i) undulatory undulatory Mehmood Mehmood (ii) (ii) turine turine Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.9.What types of of kite kite did make? Q.9.What types did Mehmood Mehmood make? Q.5.What prefix should should be be added added to to the the word Q.5.What prefix word (A) Kites that that came came alive when they they were were (A) Kites alive when natural to to make make the the meaning meaning 'attributed ‘attributed to to natural flown. flown. some force force beyond beyond the the laws of nature'? nature’? some laws of (B) Kites Kites that that had had supernatural powers. (B) supernatural powers. (A) Unnatural (A) Unnatural (C) Kites Kites that that made made the the sound devil when when (C) sound of of aa devil (B) Supernatural (B) Supernatural flown. flown. (C) In natural (C) In natural (D) Kites Kites that that played played music music when when flown. (D) flown. (D) By By natural natural (D) Ans. Option (D) is correct. Ans. Option (D) is correct. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

Q.10. The The author author says, ‘Both were taken for for Q.10. says, 'Both were taken granted…..’ or what being spoken granted .....' Who Who or what is is being spoken about in this sentence? sentence? about in this (A) Mehmood (A) Mehmood and and his his kites kites (B) Mehmood and and the the Gali which he he lived (B) Mehmood Gali in in which lived

(C) Mehmood banyan tree (C) Mehmood and and the the banyan tree (D) Mehmood and (D) Mehmood and the the Nawab Nawab Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct.

V the passage passage given given below below and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: (10 marks) V. Read Read the questions that (10 marks) 1. It It is is common school children children are are under in all all fields, fields, study study ten 1. common knowledge knowledge that that school under great great pressure pressure to to perform perform well well in ten subjects, play and develop an impressive impressive image. image. How The skills, skills, techniques and principles subjects, play games games and develop an How do do they they manage? manage? The techniques and principles which they they pick pick up up while while still young help help them them cope. cope. which still young 2. Two twentieth century's minds have have lamented that schools not teaching teaching the the basics of personal personal 2. Two of of twentieth century’s finest finest minds lamented that schools are are not basics of excellence science of success. Edward “Almost all all of learns at school after after the age of is excellence or or the the science of success. Edward De De Bono Bono :: "Almost of what what aa child child learns at school the age of ten ten is totally irrelevant to in later later life. life. Most schools do at all." all.” The The serious serious thesis is totally irrelevant to his his need need in Most schools do not not teach teach thinking thinking at thesis of of this this article article is that be taught school subject. subject. The The weightiest argument is is that that management management must must be taught as as aa school weightiest argument that children children are are managers. managers. 3. Many of of the called upon of the interpersonal roles: “Figurehead”, "Leader" “Leader” 3. Many the children children are are called upon to to play play directly directly three three of the interpersonal roles: "Figurehead", and “Liaison Officer”. They do as monitors or class class representatives leaders during and "Liaison Officer". They do this this while while assisting assisting teachers teachers as monitors or representatives or or group group leaders during educational and field field work; and while leading teams in quiz, educational tours tours and work; while while captaining captaining teams teams on on playgrounds; playgrounds; and while leading teams in quiz, debating debating and Many more as surrogates. surrogates. and other other competitions. competitions. Many more play play these these roles roles as 4. decision role role of Allocator" may may only occasionally be to children. children. 4. The The decision of "Entrepreneur" “Entrepreneur” and and "Resource “Resource Allocator” only occasionally be assigned assigned to However, it is is worth survey in in Delhi, allocation of 1000 is is available available However, it worth noting noting that that according according to to aa recent recent survey Delhi, aa monthly monthly allocation of up up to to Rs. Rs. 1000 as school children. Therefore, school school children children too over money and develop as pocket pocket money money to to school children. Therefore, too need need to to have have control control over money and develop aa sense of of budget. budget. If If we add to financial resources, information and intellect available available to sense we add to these these financial resources, the the resources resources of of time, time, information and intellect to children, the the first two decision decision roles roles are are not not irrelevant to them. them. children, first two irrelevant to 5. Children “Disturbance Handler” “Negotiator” more often. True, True, the 5. Children play play the the other other two two decision decision roles: roles: "Disturbance Handler" and and "Negotiator" more often. the international roles of "monitor", “monitor”, "disseminator" “disseminator” and and "spokesman" “spokesman” are so frequently frequently and and formally formally engaged engaged in in by international roles of are not not so by children as as by Vice Presidents Presidents and and other other adult managers. children by CEOs, CEOs, MDs, MDs, Vice adult managers. 6. If you see children children as in the 6. If you cannot cannot see as managers, managers, they they are are managers managers in the making: making: Many Many of of the the management management habits habits (e.g., (e.g., using list), management skills (e.g. sensitive listening), listening), management values are formed early early in in using aa to-do to-do list), management skills (e.g. sensitive management attitudes attitudes and and values are formed life. Personality believe that it is is extremely extremely difficult change personality styles of and habits life. Personality theorists theorists believe that it difficult to to change personality traits, traits, styles of thinking thinking and habits of of behaviour once these these are are formed. behaviour once formed. 7. As where basic aspects of of language pronunciation and rhythm are resistant 7. As in in language language learning, learning, where basic aspects language like like pronunciation and rhythm are extremely extremely resistant to learning after after puberty, attitudes and values are acquire in in adulthood. adulthood. In In the to learning puberty, good good management management habits, habits, attitudes and values are difficult difficult to to acquire the fifties, even in the educationally advanced advanced countries countries such such as Algebra was be too abstract to be taught fifties, even in the educationally as the the US, US, Algebra was thought thought to to be too abstract to be taught even in Now it taught from upper primary primary classes onwards in both educationally progressive and and even in senior senior schools. schools. Now it is is taught from upper classes onwards in both educationally progressive developing countries. countries. Computer thinking and to be are easily easily developing Computer skills, skills, lateral lateral thinking and swimming, swimming, often often felt felt to be forbidden forbidden by by adults adults are learnt by by children. children. In fact, both both research evidence and and specialists' specialists’ beliefs beliefs strongly strongly support support the children’s learnt In fact, research evidence the view view that that children's ability learn skills skills like like swimming swimming and and creative creative thinking is much important, ability to to learn thinking is much more more developed developed than than adults. adults. Equally Equally important, complex organisms organisms (a) (a) learn what is necessary or or pleasurable pleasurable and and (b) (b) adapt themselves in ways that that will will serve their complex learn what is necessary adapt themselves in ways serve their needs and interests interests with enthusiasm, ease and effectiveness. needs and with amazing amazing enthusiasm, ease and effectiveness. On the questions questions given (1 × X 10 = 10) On the the basis basis of of your your understanding understanding of of the the above above passage, passage, answer answer the given below. below. (1 10 = 10) (C) leading role Q.1.The reason for for pressure pressure on children is: (C) leading role Q.l.The reason on children is: (D) informational role (A) common knowledge (A) common knowledge (D) informational role (B) absence of skills (B) absence of skills Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.4.The article advocates advocates teaching teaching ______ as as a a Q.4.The article (C) choice games (C) choice between between studies studies and and games subject in school: subject in school: (D) performance performance demanded demanded in all fields (D) in all fields (A) management (A) management Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is (B) creative thinking (B) creative thinking Q.2.What according to to some some educationists Q.2.What according educationists is is (C) computer (C) computer skills skills lacking in in school lacking school teaching? teaching? (D) swimming (D) swimming (A) Basics Basics of personal excellence (A) of personal excellence Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. (B) Science (B) Science of of success success Q.5.Which word word in is opposite opposite in in meaning Q.5.Which in Para Para 77 is meaning (C) Thinking (C) Thinking of “Concrete”? of "Concrete"? (D) All All of of the the above above (D) Ans. Abstract Ans. Abstract Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.6.The terms used used for for a a detailed critical Q.6.The terms detailed critical Q.3.The of budget budget among among children children is Q.3.The sense sense of is inspection/study is: inspection/study in in Para Para 44 is: an indication towards an indication towards their their capability capability of of (A) intellect (B) resource resource allocator (A) intellect (B) allocator performing: performing: (C) survey (D) budget (C) survey (D) budget (A) interpersonal role (A) interpersonal role Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. (B) decision decision role role (B)



Q.7.Which of the the following following are are not not difficult to Q.7.Which of difficult to learn in adulthood? learn in adulthood? (A) skills (A) Culinary Culinary skills (B) Swimming (B) Swimming (C) skills (C) Computer Computer skills (D) (D) Pronunciation Pronunciation and and rhythm rhythm Ans. Option (A) is correct. Ans. Option (A) is correct. Q.8.Which these roles roles do do children children often often play in Q.8.Which of of these play in their childhood? their childhood? (A) (A) Class Class Captain Captain (B) House (B) House Leader Leader (C) Farmer (C) Farmer (D) (D) Disturbance Disturbance Handler Handler Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.9.What say about about Q.9.What does does Edward Edward De De Bono Bono say schools? schools?

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(A) They give lot of children. (A) They give aa lot of homework homework to to children. (B) They are irrelevant irrelevant in in (B) They teach teach topics topics that that are adult life. life. adult (C) They place lot of on students. students. (C) They place aa lot of pressure pressure on (D) They need lessons to (D) They need to to give give management management lessons to children. children. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.10.Which considered to to be be too too Q.lO.Which subject subject was was considered intangible to be be taught taught in in higher higher schools in intangible to schools in the US? US? the (A) Science (A) Science (B) Algebra (B) Algebra (C) Computer (C) Computer (D) skills (D) Language Language skills Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is

VI. Read Read the questions that VI. the passage passage given given below below and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: (10 marks) (10 marks) 1. Computers Computers are are capable doing extremely complicated work work in the most most 1. capable of of doing extremely complicated in all all branches branches of of learning. learning. They They can can solve solve the complex in order. These machines can be be put complex mathematical mathematical problems problems or or put put thousands thousands of of unrelated unrelated data data in order. These machines can put to to varied varied uses. uses. For instance, instance, they can provide information on on the best way accidents. They They work accurately and at For they can provide information the best way to to prevent prevent traffic traffic accidents. work accurately and at high speed. high speed. 2. They research workers’ workers' years years of hard work. work. This whole process process by which machines machines can can be used to to work work 2. They save save research of hard This whole by which be used for us been called ‘automation’. In future, automation automation may enable human beings to enjoy more leisure than for us has has been called 'automation'. In future, may enable human beings to enjoy more leisure than they they do The coming coming of is bound bound to important social social consequences. Some years expert on on do today. today. The of automation automation is to have have important consequences. Some years ago, ago, an an expert automation, Sir Bagrit pointed pointed out out that that it was aa mistake mistake to to believe that these these machines machines could think. There automation, Sir Leon Leon Bagrit it was believe that could think. There is is no beings will be controlled controlled by by machines. Though computers are capable capable of of learning learning from from no possibility possibility that that human human beings will be machines. Though computers are their improving on instructions from from human beings to be able their mistakes mistakes and and improving on their their performances, performances, they they need need detailed detailed instructions human beings to be able to to operate. They can lead independent independent lives lives or by taking of their operate. They can never never lead or rule rule the the world world by taking decisions decisions of their own. own. 3. Sir Leon said that in future, future, computers computers would be developed be small small enough be carried carried in in one's one’s 3. Sir Leon said that in would be developed which which would would be enough to to be pocket. be able able to information. Computers be plugged pocket. Ordinary Ordinary people people would would then then be to use use them them to to obtain obtain valuable valuable information. Computers could could be plugged into aa wireless and can can be be used like radios. For instance, instance, people could be be informed informed about about into wireless network network and used like radios. For people going going on on holiday, holiday, could weather conditions. Car can be be given is aa traffic It will be possible weather conditions. Car drivers drivers can given an an alternative alternative route, route, when when there there is traffic jam. jam. It will also also be possible to to make This will share aa common common language, language, to each other other make tiny tiny translating translating machines. machines. This will enable enable people, people, who who do do not not share to talk talk to to each without any difficulty or to foreign publications. without any difficulty or to read read foreign publications. 4. is impossible impossible to importance of sort, for for many international misunderstandings are 4. It It is to assess assess the the importance of aa machine machine of of this this sort, many international misunderstandings are caused simply due failure to each other. be used in ordinary caused simply due to to our our failure to understand understand each other. Computers Computers will will also also be used in ordinary public public hospitals. hospitals. By providing providing aa machine machine with with aa patient’s patient's system, doctor will will be able to to diagnose diagnose the the nature nature of of his his illness. By system, aa doctor be able illness. Similarly Similarly machines could be be used check on and bring bring it it up-to-date. Doctors will, machines could used to to keep keep aa check on aa patient’s patient's health health record record and up-to-date. Doctors will, therefore, therefore, have immediate access access to facts which in their Bookkeepers and accountants too could have immediate to great great many many facts which will will help help them them in their work. work. Bookkeepers and accountants too could be relieved clerical work. For the of compiling, compiling, and checking lists lists or figures could could be be done entirely be relieved of of dull dull clerical work. For the tedious tedious task task of and checking or figures done entirely by machines. are the servant man ever had and there is no limit to can be be by machines. Computers Computers are the most most efficient efficient servant man has has ever had and there is no limit to the the way way they they can used improve our our lives. lives. [DDE, 2017-18] 2017-18] used to to improve [a|7| [DDE, On the basis of of your understanding of the above above passage, passage, answer answer the given below. below. (1 10 = 10) On the basis your understanding of the the questions questions given (1 × X 10 = 10) Q.1.Tick the correct correct option: option: (B) can’t solve solve any any mathematical Q.l.Tick the (B) Computers Computers can't mathematical problems. problems. (A) There no possibility possibility that that human human beings (A) There is is no beings can on their their own own with with no no need need of can be be on of (C) Computers can the most most complex complex (C) Computers can solve solve the machines. machines. mathematical mathematical problems. problems. (B) beings are likely to be controlled (B) Human Human beings are likely to be controlled (D) Computers can can solve solve only simple (D) Computers only simple by machines by machines one one day. day. mathematical mathematical problems. problems. (C) There no possibility possibility that that human human beings beings (C) There is is no Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. will be controlled by machines. will ever ever be controlled by machines. Q.3.Computers can be be used: used: Q.3.Computers can (D) (D) Machines Machines can can replace replace humans. humans. (A) find treatment for the illness. (A) to to find treatment for the patient’s patient's illness. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. (B) to to prescribe prescribe aa medicine medicine for the patient. patient. (B) for the Q.2.According to to the passage, which which of Q.2.According the passage, of the the given given (C) to to diagnose diagnose the the nature nature of of patient’s patient's illness. (C) illness. options is is true? true? options (D) in good (D) to to keep keep the the patient patient in good mood. mood. (A) solve only (A) Computers Computers can can solve only certain certain Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. mathematical mathematical problems. problems.

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI



Q.4. misunderstandings are are Q.4. Many Many international international misunderstandings caused due to our our failure failure to to understand: understand: caused due to (A) ourselves. (A) ourselves. (B) (B) other other nations. nations. (C) friends. (C) our our friends. (D) each other. other. (D) each Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct. Q.5. The antonym antonym of the word ‘complicated’ is: Q.5. The of the word 'complicated' is: (A) difficult (B) simple (A) difficult (B) simple (C) easy (D) strange (C) easy (D) strange Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is is correct. Q.6. does the the passage say that that computers computers are are Q.6. Why Why does passage say the most most efficient efficient servant that man man has has ever ever the servant that had? had? (A) improve our our lives lives (A) Because Because they they can can improve limitlessly. limitlessly. (B) can perform complex (B) Because Because they they can perform complex mathematical mathematical problems. problems. (C) Because control (C) Because they they can can replace replace or or control human beings. human beings. (D) be carried carried around around in in aa (D) Because Because they they can can be pocket. pocket. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is Q.7. Find the the synonyms synonyms of of the the following following words Q.7.Find words from the the passage passage :: from (i) results (ii) monotonous. (i) results (ii) monotonous. Ans. (i) consequences Ans. (i) consequences

(ii) (ii) tedious tedious Q.8. Q.8. Who Who was was Sir Sir Leon Leon Bagrit? Bagrit? (A) A scientist (A) A scientist (B) A (B) A mechanic mechanic (C) An automation expert expert (C) An automation (D) A computer computer master (D) A master Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.9. What automation? Q.9. What is is automation? (A) (A) Automatic Automatic working working of of computers computers (B) for man (B) Using Using machines machines to to work work for man (C) social consequences (C) Having Having social consequences computers computers

due due

to to

(D) Enjoying leisure than (D) Enjoying more more leisure than we we are are doing doing today today Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is is correct. Q.10. are computers computers helpful helpful for for bookkeepers bookkeepers Q.10. How How are and accountants? accountants? and (A) They are efficient servants. servants. (A) They are man’s man's most most efficient (B) They record and illness. illness. (B) They record patient’s patient's health health and (C) They can do like making (C) They can do ground ground work work like making lists and checking numbers. lists and checking numbers. (D) They give information about about weather (D) They give information weather changes. changes. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct.

VII. the following following passage passage carefully carefully and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: (10 marks) VII. Read Read the questions that (10 marks) 1. times when when everyone everyone has has to to face grief. When dear to to oneself oneself dies, dies, one 1. There There are are times face grief. When someone someone dear one is is left left in in aa state state in in which shock grief overcome overcome the the ordinary One is when one one feels there is nothing one one can do. which shock and and grief ordinary life. life. One is left left in in aa situation situation when feels there is nothing can do. Grief and mourning associated with It also also happens other types losses. It could be be Grief and mourning are are not not always always associated with only only death. death. It happens with with other types of of losses. It could the loss of loss of of one's one’s house or the loss of of aa close close friend friend or or aa partner. the loss of one’s one's job, job, loss house or the loss partner. 2. people who who are are able able to to cope with these these are those, who who come cultures that that have have strict, and 2. The The best best people cope with are those, come from from cultures strict, formal formal and intensive mourning In India, are being being discarded. in intensive mourning rituals. rituals. In India, we we have have diverse diverse rituals rituals which which nowadays nowadays are discarded. But But these these help help in the The near and dear ones come share the and apply apply balm balm with of solace. solace. In it is is the crisis. crisis. The near and dear ones come to to share the grief grief and with their their words words of In mourning, mourning, it an essential part coming to loss. There There comes comes aa time and rejoin an essential part of of coming to terms terms with with loss. time when when one one has has to to give give up up one’s one's grief grief and rejoin the the mainstream of Mourning in passes through through these these phases. phases. Firstly, the nature nature of of shock and disbelief. disbelief. A mainstream of life. life. Mourning in itself itself passes Firstly, it it is is in in the shock and A feeling of numbness numbness overtakes. not in position to to accept, happens that that one the arrival of aa loss feeling of overtakes. The The brain brain is is not in aa position accept, it it so so happens one expects expects the arrival of loss thinking and he be with lost one. In second second phase, loss thinking that that nothing nothing will will change change and he will will be with the the lost one. In phase, one one realises realises the the truth truth that that the the loss has actually happened, is now feels the old moments and has actually happened, and and was was not not aa dream. dream. It It is now that that one one feels the pain. pain. Now Now one one recollects recollects the the old moments and the creeps in. in. the memory memory of of guilt guilt creeps 3. affected person odd behaviour behaviour and and has in eating eating and and is is unable sleep. One 3. Here, Here, the the affected person displays displays odd has difficulty difficulty in unable to to sleep. One may may remain in this stage for for weeks, and sometimes sometimes for for years. In the from pain feelings remain in this stage weeks, months months and years. In the next next phase, phase, reflect reflect from pain and and negative negative feelings creep in. in. This This leads leads to side. Now feels one one must alternative arrangements or replacements. creep to the the positive positive side. Now one one feels must make make alternative arrangements or replacements. Here, Here, one is ready cope with situation. One one cannot cannot recover or she she has lost but but is is conscious conscious of one is ready to to cope with the the situation. One knows knows that that one recover what what he he or has lost of the future accepting accepting the loss and and is is ready for the the future the loss ready for the alternative. alternative. 4. On stages of of grief, it seems seems that like aa river bridge. This This shows shows 4. On passing passing through through all all the the stages grief, it that time time has has passed passed like river under under the the bridge. that been successful. successful. One cannot forget forget the loss but but comes comes to that mourning mourning has has been One cannot the loss to terms terms with with reality. reality. 5. Grieve Grieve with is bereaved. bereaved. This This shows shows that This gives 5. with the the person person who who is that you you too too value value the the mourning mourning person. person. This gives aa helping support the bereaved person starts you. Your Your support to the the bereaved not stop after aa few helping support and and the bereaved person starts believing believing you. support to bereaved should should not stop after few days. be needed for months. days. It It may may be needed for months. Assure the affected person feelings of of grief and will be the same always. always. Assure the affected person that that the the feelings grief will will diminish diminish and will not not be the same 6. You will see, there comes aa time she has be distracted from grief. Take him for an an outing 6. You will see, there comes time when when he he or or she has to to be distracted from grief. Take him or or her her out out for outing especially away from from the current situation. situation. If If he she agrees, agrees, take opportunity and let him leisurely especially away the current he or or she take the the opportunity and let him or or her her join join the the leisurely ventures. ventures. 7. It is is therefore, of close close relatives friends to bereaved out climate and 7. It therefore, the the duty duty of relatives and and friends to take take the the bereaved out of of the the depressing depressing climate and give give aa fresh fresh air air of of life life and and happy [KVS 2017 2017 Silchar Silchar Region] happy thoughts. thoughts. [KVS Region]



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On the basis of of your understanding of the above above passage, passage, answer answer the given below. below. (1 10 = 10) On the basis your understanding of the the questions questions given (1 × X 10 = 10) Q.1. the last phase of grief: (A) Those who are helped by their Q.l. In In the last phase of grief: (A) Those who are helped by their doctors doctors (A) there is aa relief from pain and negative (A) there is relief from pain and negative (B) Those who lot of (B) Those who have have aa lot of relatives relatives feelings. feelings. (C) Those who come from from cultures (C) Those who come cultures that that have have (B) is still still pain and grief. (B) there there is pain and grief. strict, formal formal and and intensive intensive mourning strict, mourning (C) the is ready cope with rituals (C) the person person is ready to to cope with the the rituals situations, ready face reality. situations, ready to to face reality. (D) Those who come from from the Indian (D) Those who come the Indian (D) (D) Both Both (A) (A) and and (C) (C) background background Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.2.One must grieve grieve with the person Q.2.One must with the person who who is is Q.7. the passage passage mean mean the the same same Q.7. Which Which words words in in the bereaved to to show: show: bereaved as the the following? following? as (A) (A) that that you you too too value value the the mourned mourned person. person. (i) overcome (Para 2) (i) overcome (Para 2) (B) (B) that that you you can can distract distract him/her. him/her. (ii) shows (Para (ii) shows (Para 3) 3) (C) is. (C) you you understand understand what what your your duty duty is. Ans. (i) Ans. (i) overtakes overtakes (ii) (ii) displays displays (D) are his/her (D) you you are his/her well well wisher. wisher. Q.8. According the passage, all of of these these are are Q.8. According to to the passage, all Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. reasons for grief, except: reasons for grief, except: Q.3. The person grief displays: Q.3. The person in in grief displays: (A) loss (A) loss of of aa job job (A) sleeplessness. (A) sleeplessness. (B) enjoys eating. eating. (B) enjoys (C) in eating. (C) difficulty difficulty in eating. (D) (D) Both Both (A) (A) and and (C) (C) Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.4. can be be done to distract him/her from from Q.4. What What can done to distract him/her grief? grief? (A) eat good food (A) eat good food (B) sleep for for long long hours (B) sleep hours (C) for an an outing outing (C) go go for (D) loudly (D) talk talk loudly Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.5. The duty close relatives relatives and and friends friends is to: Q.5. The duty of of close is to: (A) bereaved financially. financially. (A) help help the the bereaved (B) create difficulty for the bereaved. (B) create difficulty for the bereaved. (C) bereaved out out of of difficulty. (C) take take the the bereaved difficulty. (D) bereaved. (D) mourn mourn with with the the bereaved. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.6. The best best people are able able to cope with Q.6. The people who who are to cope with loss and grief grief are: are: loss and

(B) loss of (B) loss of one’s one's house house (C) loss close friend friend or (C) loss of of aa close or aa partner partner (D) loss confidence (D) loss of of confidence Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.9. mourning become become successful? successful? Q.9. When When does does mourning (A) When for an an outing outing (A) When you you go go for (B) When you (B) When you have have come come to to terms terms with with reality reality (C) When (C) When you you have have negative negative thoughts thoughts (D) When someone supports supports you (D) When someone you Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.10. the phrase ‘apply balm' balm’ mean mean in Q.10. What What does does the phrase 'apply in context of of the the passage? context passage? (A) apply injury (A) apply ointment ointment on on the the injury (B) apply liquid liquid to burn (B) apply to the the burn (C) show anger or (C) show anger or disrespect disrespect (D) speak softly and and consolingly consolingly (D) speak softly Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is

VIII. the passage passage given given below below and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: (10 marks) VIII. Read Read the questions that (10 marks) 1. The The world’s first book-less book-less library library has been set set up in the state of Texas in in the States. Unlike 1. world's first has been up in the state of Texas the United United States. Unlike the the rows rows upon upon rows books that found in in aa conventional conventional library library anywhere anywhere in in the at the book-less library, library, there rows of of books that are are found the world, world, at the book-less there are are high– hightech books as found in in other libraries. tech gadgets gadgets that that have have replaced replaced the the books as found other libraries. 2. The borrowers borrowers of books from from this book-less library library have set of follow when 2. The of books this high-tech high-tech book-less have aa different different set of rules rules to to follow when borrowing books. books. Instead Instead of of taking books for for reading, of the library, who are registered of borrowing taking home home books reading, the the members members of the library, who are registered residents residents of the south Texas Texas country country of can now choice of from e-readers. e-readers. the south of Buxar, Buxar, can now access access their their choice of reading reading matter matter from Also, instead instead of of having fee for for membership library and for borrowing borrowing books books and and other facilities, the Also, having to to pay pay aa fee membership of of the the library and for other facilities, the members can borrow borrow reading from the book less less library library for for free. free. members can reading matter matter from the book 3. The services services of of this library have found favour favour with its readers is clearly clearly visible from the 3. The this library have found with its readers is visible from the growing growing readership readership numbers at this library. Since Since its its start start in in September, September, the country’s 1.7 1.7 million been able able to out and numbers at this library. the country's million residents residents have have been to check check out and take for reading accessing the catalogue. They They are also able able to own devices take home home the the machines machines for reading purposes purposes and and accessing the catalogue. are also to use use their their own devices to check out out and and access access the library. This This Biblio-Tech Biblio-Tech of 1.5 million books, currently currently has 600 e-readers, e-readers, to check the catalogue catalogue of of the the library. of 1.5 million books, has 600 200 pre-loaded for children children and and 48 48 computer stations for for use by its its readers. In addition, are 10 10 200 pre-loaded enhanced enhanced e-readers e-readers for computer stations use by readers. In addition, there there are laptops, and 40 tablets available in in the for use by the laptops, and 40 tablets available the premises, premises, for use by the readers. readers. 4. Not satisfied with simply providing services, the list of of higher ambitions for for 4. Not satisfied with simply providing e-reading e-reading services, the Biblio-Tech Biblio-Tech has has created created aa list higher ambitions itself. The The most include their country’s necessary ‘to thrive citizens itself. most prominent prominent of of these these include their ambition ambition to to give give up up the the country's necessary tools tools 'to thrive as as citizens of 21st century'. century’. For well-connected citizen citizen of country is is one strives for for enhancing enhancing his of the the 21st For them, them, aa well-connected of this this country one who who strives his education education and literacy and ‘reading as and literacy and promoting promoting 'reading as aa recreation’. recreation'.

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

5. As services at at the its Special Special Project comments that library 5. As part part of of reader reader services the Biblio-Tech, Biblio-Tech, its Project Coordinator, Coordinator, Laura Laura Cole Cole comments that the the library authorities wanted create the best and and the cost effective library services. services. This This was especially authorities wanted to to create the best the most most cost effective way way of of providing providing library was especially suitable for for the Texas country's country’s residents is geographically from existing services. In In suitable the Texas residents as as the the population population here here is geographically distanced distanced from existing services. fact there been aa book book store store or library in in this area. "Geography ”Geography does if your library is is in in the clouds,” fact there has has never never been or library this area. does not not matter matter if your library the clouds," adds Laura Laura Cole, ‘cloud’ system system where books of library are are stored stored online. adds Cole, referring referring to to the the 'cloud' where the the books of the the library online. 6. Answering queries concerns that library users feel put off by by technology, is proud 6. Answering queries about about readers’ readers' concerns that library users may may feel put off technology, Cole Cole is proud to to concur that staff is is willing and visitors find it it difficult concur that her her staff willing to to dedicate dedicate their their time time to to help help readers readers and visitors who who find difficult to to handle handle the the system on on their feel intimidated intimidated by by the and feel feel empowered empowered to be able able to access system their own. own. Hence, Hence, readers readers do do not not feel the gadgetry gadgetry and to be to access this system of this novel novel system of procuring procuring reading reading matter. matter. 7. costs for for damages and breakdowns breakdowns have been factored factored into into the system of of the library. 7. Even Even replacement replacement costs damages and have been the working working system the library. Thus, readers are not from the library doors simply because because the system is is not functioning on on any any particular Thus, readers are not turned turned away away from the library doors simply the system not functioning particular day. To prevent from depleting stocks, the in such such aa way access its its day. To prevent thefts thefts from depleting their their stocks, the devices devices are are geared geared in way that that users users cannot cannot access internet once leave the library. [KVS Guwahati 2016 Region] internet once they they leave the premises premises of of the the library. [KVS Guwahati 2016 Region] On the basis basis of of the the above above passage, answer the the questions given below. below. (1 10 = 10) On the of your your understanding understanding of passage, answer questions given (1 × X 10 = 10) Q.1.The borrowers in in a a high-tech high-tech library have to to Q.l.The borrowers library have Q.7. Who Who is is Laura Laura Cole? Cole? Q.7. follow: follow: (A) The librarian librarian at (A) The at Biblio-Tech Biblio-Tech (A) set of of rules. (A) aa different different set rules. (B) The Project Coordinator Coordinator at (B) The Special Special Project at BiblioBiblio (B) same set set of (B) the the same of rules. rules. Tech Tech (C) (C) absolutely absolutely no no rules. rules. (C) A well-connected citizen (C) A well-connected citizen (D) of their (D) rules rules of their own own making. making. (D) All of the above (D) All of the above Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is is correct. Q.2. The book-less book-less library is located in: Q.2. The library is located in: Q.8. Find the word in the passage passage that that mean: mean: Q.8. Find the word in the (A) Texas country country of of Biblio Biblio -Tech –Tech (A) the the Texas full of power (para 6) full of power (para 6) (B) Texas country country of of Buxar Buxar (B) the the Texas (C) of middle (C) the the city city of middle USA USA Ans. Ans. empowered empowered (D) Washington D.C., (D) Washington D.C., USA USA Q.9. ensure that that there there is no Q.9. How How does does Biblio-Tech Biblio-Tech ensure is no Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is is correct. theft of of its books: theft its books: Q.3. The amount amount of reading material material available available at at Q.3. The of reading (A) It It has has devised devised its gadgets in way that that (A) its gadgets in such such aa way the Biblio-Tech the Biblio-Tech library library is: is: they access internet internet once outside its its they cannot cannot access once outside (A) 600 books. books. (A) 600 premises. premises. (B) 1.5 million books. (B) 1.5 million books. (B) best CCTV cameras to (B) It It has has hired hired the the best CCTV cameras to keep keep (C) 1.7 million books. (C) 1.7 million books. aa lookout. lookout. (D) above (D) None None of of the the above (C) It factored replacement costs for for (C) It has has factored replacement costs Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is is correct. damages and breakdowns into the damages and breakdowns into the Q.4.The book-less library is highly highly suitable for Q.4.The book-less library is suitable for working system of of the library. working system the library. this country country because: because: this (D) It has a dedicated staff that helps helps readers readers (D) It has a dedicated staff that (A) library is is not functioning well. (A) the the public public library not functioning well. and visitors who cannot handle the system and visitors who cannot handle the system (B) are avid avid readers. (B) the the people people here here are readers. on their own. on their own. (C) is plenty of reading in this (C) there there is plenty of reading matter matter in this library. library. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Q.10.What that BiblioTech has gained gained Q.lO.What shows shows that BiblioTech has (D) it is is geographically from existing (D) it geographically distanced distanced from existing popularity? popularity? library services. services. library (A) There no theft theft at the library. (A) There is is no at the library. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct. (B) The library library has become world famous. (B) The has become world famous. Q.5.The cloud system system refers refers to: to: Q.5.The cloud (C) Everyone in Texas comes to the library. (C) Everyone in Texas comes to the library. (A) sky with clouds. (A) the the sky with black black clouds. (D) There is an increase in readership. (D) There is an increase in readership. (B) bright sky sky with clouds. (B) the the bright with clouds. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct. (C) system where books are are stored stored online. online. (C) system where books Q.11. the bookless bookless library different from from Q.ll. How How is is the library different (D) above (D) None None of of the the above conventional conventional libraries? libraries? Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. (A) There are are millions of books books in in the bookless (A) There millions of the bookless Q.6.‘To thrive’ in para 4 4 means: means: Q.6.'To thrive' in para library. library. (A) (A) to to prosper. prosper. (B) There are are rows books. (B) There rows upon upon rows rows of of books. (B) live happily. (B) to to live happily. (C) Readers Readers feel the gadgets. gadgets. (C) feel intimidated intimidated by by the (C) serve duties. (C) to to serve duties. (D) fees. (D) Readers Readers have have to to pay pay membership membership fees. (D) above (D) All All the the above Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct.



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IX. the passage passage given given below below and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: (10 marks) IX. Read Read the questions that (10 marks) 1. The The Food Food Bill is still still in in the but has furious debate on the lack of storage facilities, facilities, rotting 1. Bill is the works works but has provoked provoked aa furious debate on the lack of grain grain storage rotting of and whether should be be distributed free to Waking up fact that food security security of grains grains and whether they they should distributed free to the the hungry hungry masses. masses. Waking up to to the the fact that no no food programme can be be effective storage, the government is is now warehousing programme can effective without without proper proper storage, the government now planning planning to to upgrade upgrade existing existing warehousing facilities and also add add new ones. However, between food food security security and large scale scale storage, storage, there is aa missing link that facilities and also new ones. However, between and large there is missing link that needs be taken storage at farm level. level. No can deny importance of storage; at at least least needs to to be taken note note of of :: storage at the the farm No one one can deny the the importance of decentralised decentralised storage; 25-30 percent in the country are are stored stored at farm level. level. 25-30 percent grains grains in the country at the the farm 2. However, However, it's not as there hasn’t hasn't been thrust on this issue there are to look the 2. it’s not as if if there been enough enough thrust on this issue :: there are State State Institutes Institutes to look into into the storage problems. storage problems. 3. Yet, policy-wise sound start start :: the Save Grain Campaign, which initiated 43 43 years 3. Yet, policy-wise we we did did have have aa sound the Save Grain Campaign, which was was initiated years ago, ago, was was supposed to are floundering floundering on Through this campaign, the centre was initiate and and train states in in supposed to do do what what we we are on now. now. Through this campaign, the centre was to to initiate train states warehousing and of grains. wanted the the states to take take it up on on aa large the latter did not not want want warehousing and storage storage of grains. The The centre centre wanted states to it up large scale scale but but the latter did any ‘‘added responsibility.’’ in 2008. 2008. any "added responsibility." Finding Finding no no takers, takers, the the campaign campaign was was withdrawn withdrawn in 4. "Around “Around 15-20 15-20 percent food grain loss occur in large large storage storage godowns. Along with investment in in large large storage storage 4. percent food grain loss occur in godowns. Along with investment capacities, encourage farm-level farm-level storage. storage. This This can be in in the form of and improving improving the local/indigenous capacities, we we must must encourage can be the form of refining refining and the local/indigenous storage technologies and providing financial support support at at that says M.B.Chetti, M.B.Chetti, Dean, Dean, College storage technologies and providing technical technical and and financial that level,” level," says College of of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Agricultural Sciences, Sciences, Dharwad, Agriculture, University of Dharwad, Karnataka. Karnataka. 5. He experts like like him suggest that if we we want leapfrog in in storage storage capacity capacity at at the farm-level (since set5. He and and many many experts him suggest that if want to to leapfrog the farm-level (since setting up up large time-consuming and expensive), new new technologies technologies like packaging could could be the answer. ting large storages storages is is time-consuming and expensive), like vacuum vacuum packaging be the answer. They assure assure quality as well store grains anywhere and it can can be be done in villages by trained They quality as well as as aa chance chance to to store grains almost almost anywhere and that that it done in villages by trained persons. persons. 6. “Alternatively, we for cold cold storage storage facilities facilities for for food food grains, is very costly since since it it involves involves 6. "Alternatively, we have have to to go go for grains, which which is very costly electricity supply”, says says Chetti. "Instead, vacuum say experts," seeds for for long long electricity supply", Chetti. "Instead, vacuum packing," packing," say experts," helps helps preserve preserve grains grains and and seeds periods any deterioration in quality. quality. In In fact, fact, an experiment was carried out in the on the periods without without any deterioration in an experiment was carried out in the university university on the usefulness usefulness of system (using and the satisfactory. The The available available technology seven-layer of the the packaging packaging system (using chilli) chilli) and the results results were were satisfactory. technology offers offers aa seven-layer packing for long long periods of time and once sealed, climatic climatic changes changes have it. Elimination packing to to preserve preserve quality quality for periods of time and once sealed, have no no effect effect on on it. Elimination of from the in extending shelf life." life.” of oxygen oxygen from the pack pack helps helps in extending shelf 7. "At present only three-layer plastic plastic films manufactured in needs to to be 7. “At present only three-layer films are are manufactured in India. India. The The seven-layered seven-layered film film needs be imported. imported. But import duty is high,” says Mohan Mohan Bajikar, Bajikar, "” of course, such such technologies are expensive, expensive, but but then But the the import duty is high," says of course, technologies are then delivering delivering to to the the hungry isn’t enough-quality enough-quality must be ensured." ensured." hungry isn't must be 8. Food analyst Devinder Devinder Sharma, Sharma, however, says "Expensive "Expensive solutions solutions like like Silos Silos and and ware 8. Food policy policy analyst however, says ware housing housing are are not answer to and storage storage problems." Instead, he says, "Local “Local production, local procurement and not the the answer to procurement procurement and problems." Instead, he says, production, local procurement and local distribution” is the something like like what been doing. It procures from local distribution" is the answer, answer, something what Chattisgarh Chattisgarh has has been doing. It procures paddy paddy directly directly from farmers, buying buying it it through cooperative societies societies and centres at at the level." To To store," store," he adds, "the "the farmers, through cooperative and procurement procurement centres the village village level." he adds, government can add add aa small small godown each panchayat government can godown next next to to each panchayat ghar." ghar." 9. Whichever Whichever way look at at it, it, decentralised storage cannot cannot be be left left out loop if if we want to ensure food food 9. way we we look decentralised storage out of of the the loop we want to ensure security and stock losses. losses. security and reduce reduce stock On the basis your understanding of the the questions questions given (1 × X 10 = 10) On the basis of of your understanding of the above above passage, passage, answer answer the given below. below. (1 10 = 10) Q.1. The necessity of of proper has been been Q.l. The necessity proper storage storage has Q.4.The most most cost-effective cost-effective solution for storage of Q.4.The solution for storage of realized because: because: realized grain is: grain is: (A) is lack lack of of grain storage facilities. facilities. (A) there there is grain storage (A) cold (A) cold storage storage facilities. facilities. (B) grain grain is the open open and and rotting. rotting. (B) is lying lying in in the (B) decentralised decentralised storage. (B) storage. (C) no no food possible without without it. (C) food security security is is possible it. (C) setting up large warehouses. (C) setting up large warehouses. (D) masses are hungry and without (D) masses are hungry and without grain. grain. (D) vacuum packaging. (D) vacuum packaging. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Decentralised storage Q.2. Q.2. Decentralised storage stresses stresses upon: upon: Q.5. Experts reject silos silos and and warehousing because: Q.5. Experts reject warehousing because: (A) storage at farm (A) storage at farm level. level. (A) these are very costly solutions. (A) these are very costly solutions. (B) storage at block level. level. (B) storage at block (C) storage at level. (C) storage at district district level. (B) local storage distribution is more (B) local storage and and distribution is more effective. (D) storage at at state effective. (D) storage state level. level. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. (C) these these are (C) are inadequate inadequate for for storage. storage. Q.3.The 'Save ‘Save Grain Q.3.The Grain Campaign’ Campaign' was was withdrawn withdrawn (D) these these fail to reduce reduce stock (D) fail to stock losses. losses. after 43 43 years because: after years because: Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. (A) the the centre did not not spare (A) centre did spare funds. funds. Q.6.The word ‘facilities’ in para 6 6 means: means:  Q.6.The word 'facilities' in para (B) proper proper training training in warehousing was was (B) in warehousing (A) aptitude (A) aptitude lacking. lacking. (B) dexterity (B) dexterity (C) states did show any any interest. interest. (C) the the states did not not show (C) conveniences (C) conveniences (D) the the states did not not want want any any added (D) states did added (D) buildings particular purpose. purpose. (D) buildings for for aa particular responsibility. responsibility. Ans. Option (C) is correct. Ans. Option (C) is correct. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct.

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

Q.7.What should should we do if to leapfrog in Q.7.What we do if we we want want to leapfrog in storage capacity at at farm-level? farm-level? storage capacity (A) Set up large storages storages with state funds funds (A) Set up large with state (B) like vaccum vaccum (B) Use Use new new technologies technologies like packaging packaging (C) Involve state governments in the storage (C) Involve state governments in the storage systems systems (D) cold storage storage facility facility (D) Use Use cold Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.8.Find the the words from the the passage are Q.8.Find words from passage which which are similar in meaning: similar in meaning: (i) 1) (i) improve improve (Para (Para 1) (ii) native (Para 4) (ii) native (Para 4) Ans. (i) Ans. (i) upgrade upgrade (ii) indigenous (ii) indigenous

Q.9.What is the alternate alternate to to large godowns? Q.9.What is the large storage storage godowns? (A) Small storage godowns (A) (B) Cold Cold storage facilities (B) (C) Farm-level storage (C) (D) Seven-layer packing (D) Seven-layer packing Ans. Option (C) (C) is correct. Ans. Option correct. Q.10. What What are the advantages of vacuum packing? (A) It helps preserve grains and seeds for long (A) periods. (B) It can be done in villages by trained (B) persons. persons. (C) It can be done without any technical technical and (C) financial support. (D) It eliminates eliminates oxygen oxygen and bacteria. (D) Ans. Option (A) is correct. Ans. Option correct. X. Read the passage passage carefully carefully and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: (10 marks) X. Read the questions that (10 marks)

1. The The old lady was be back back at at the block of flats where she lived. lived. Her Her shopping shopping had 1. old lady was glad glad to to be the block of flats where she had tired tired her her and and her her basket had every step step on on the In the lift, her lunch and and aa good basket had grown grown heavier heavier with with every the way way home. home. In the lift, her thoughts thoughts were were on on lunch good rest rest but when she got at her own floor, floor, both both were were forgotten forgotten in in her sudden discovery front door open. She She but when she got out out at her own her sudden discovery that that her her front door was was open. was she must for such such aa monstrous she was thinking thinking that that she must reprimand reprimand her her maid maid the the next next morning morning for monstrous piece piece of of negligence, negligence, when when she remembered she had shopping after after her left and and she she had both the in their locks. She She remembered that that she had gone gone shopping her maid maid had had left had turned turned both the keys keys in their locks. walked slowly into into the and at all the opened, yet following her walked slowly the hall hall and at once once noticed noticed that that all the room room doors doors were were opened, yet following her regular regular practice practice she had shut them before going out. Looking Looking into into the she saw saw aa scene scene of by her writing she had shut them before going out. the drawing drawing room, room, she of confusion confusion over over by her writing desk. desk. 2. It was clear as burglars had forced an entry in in her absence. Her first impulse impulse was was to 2. It was as as clear as daylight daylight then then that that burglars had forced an entry her absence. Her first to go go round looking for for the but then she decided age it it might be more round all all the the rooms rooms looking the thieves, thieves, but then she decided that that at at her her age might be more prudent prudent to to have have someone with so she she went fetch the from the basement. By legs were beginning to someone with her, her, so went to to fetch the porter porter from the basement. By this this time time her her legs were beginning to tremble, tremble, so she she sat sat down and accepted cup of of very very strong strong tea, she telephoned Then her composure regained, so down and accepted aa cup tea, while while she telephoned the the police. police. Then her composure regained, she was set-off with assistance to search for for any any intruders intruders who who might be still still lurking lurking in in her flat. she was ready ready to to set-off with the the porter’s porter's assistance to search might be her flat. 3. They went through the rooms, being careful to touch nothing, as they did not want to hinder the police in 3. They went through the rooms, being careful to touch nothing, as they did not want to hinder the police in their their search for for finger-prints. finger-prints. The The chaos inconceivable. She She had lived in in the flat for for thirty and was was aa veritable veritable search chaos was was inconceivable. had lived the flat thirty years years and magpie it seemed seemed as as though she possessed been tossed out and and turned and over. magpie at at hoarding hoarding and and it though everything everything she possessed had had been tossed out turned over over and over. At least least sorting sorting out out the she should should have ago was being made easier for for her. Then aa police At the things things she have discarded discarded years years ago was now now being made easier her. Then police inspector arrived arrived with constable and and she she told of the flat. The The inspector inspector began began to look inspector with aa constable told them them of of her her discovery discovery of the ransacked ransacked flat. to look for finger-prints, finger-prints, while checked that front door locks had been forced, forced, thereby for while the the constable constable checked that the the front door locks had not not been thereby proving proving that that the the burglars either used skeleton keys or entered balcony. burglars had had either used skeleton keys or entered through through the the balcony. 4. There There was of finger-prints, finger-prints, but but the inspector found found aa dirty bundle that 4. was no no trace trace of the inspector dirty red red bundle that contained contained jewellery jewellery which which the the old lady said said was So their entry into into this flat was apparently not burglar’s first first job and they old lady was not not hers. hers. So their entry this flat was apparently not the the burglar's job that that day day and they must must have been disturbed. The inspector inspector then asked the lady to by the advised have been disturbed. The then asked the lady to try try to to check check what what was was missing missing by the next next day day and and advised her stay alone alone in in the flat for for aa few few nights. The old lady thought fussy creature, creature, but but since since the her not not to to stay the flat nights. The old lady thought that that he he was was aa fussy the porter porter agreed she rang and asked for her in what she described as aa little little spot spot of of bother. bother. agreed with with him, him, she rang up up her her daughter daughter and asked for her help help in what she described as

On the basis your understanding of the the questions questions given (1 × X 10 = 10) On the basis of of your understanding of the above above passage, passage, answer answer the given below. below. (1 10 = 10) (A) she was terrified. terrified. (A) she was Q.1. The old lady glad to to be be back back at at her her home home Q.l. The old lady was was glad because: because: (B) she was old old and and realized realized she take (B) she was she should should take (A) she had finished her shopping. (A) she had finished her shopping. someone along. along. someone (B) it was night night time. time. (B) it was (C) she the burglars might still there. (C) she felt felt the burglars might still be be there. (C) she was tired. tired. (C) she was (D) All of of these. these. (D) All (D) some guests at her (D) some guests had had arrived arrived at her home. home. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.4. The burglars Q.4. The burglars entered entered her her flat flat by: by: Q.2. She She decided decided to Q.2. to scold scold her her maid maid the the next next (A) making making forced entry. (A) forced entry. morning morning because: because: (B) using using duplicate duplicate keys. keys. (B) (A) she had finished the (A) she had not not finished the household household chores. chores. (C) breaking the door open. (C) breaking the door open. (B) she had left the in aa hurry. (B) she had left the house house in hurry. (D) through neighbour’s neighbour's house. house. (D) through (C) she had left the front door open. open. (C) she had left the front door Ans. Option (B) is correct. Ans. Option (B) is correct. (D) the the house house had had been (D) been burgled. burgled. Q.5. The advised the the old not to to stay stay Q.5. The inspector inspector advised old lady lady not Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. alone in the flat flat for for a a few few nights nights because: because: alone in the Q.3. to take along with her to to Q.3. She She decided decided to take someone someone along with her (A) her her maid maid had had left (A) left look around look around the the rooms rooms because: because: (B) she was very very old old (B) she was



UNSEEN PASSAGES PASSAGES UNSEEN

(C) it was safe (C) it was not not safe (D) (D) None None of of these these Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.6. The conveys a a similar similar meaning meaning as as Q.6. The word word which which conveys ‘disorder’ is: 'disorder' is: Ans. Ans. chaos chaos Q.7. Whose at the the crime crime Q.7. Whose jewellery jewellery was was discovered discovered at scene: scene: (A) The old lady’s (A) The old lady's (B) The old lady’s daughter’s (B) The old lady's daughter's (C) The old lady’s neighbour’s (C) The old lady's neighbour's (D) Some unknown (D) Some unknown person person Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.8. What the proof proof that that the the burglars burglars had had a a Q.8. What was was the duplicate key? duplicate key? (A) They left left aa skeleton skeleton key behind. (A) They key behind. (B) The front front door forced. (B) The door was was not not forced. (C) They left their fingerprints all (C) They left their fingerprints all over over the the place. place. (D) The front front lock lock was (D) The was broken. broken. XI. XI.

Read the passage passage carefully carefully :: Read the

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Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.9. Why did the the old old lady not enter enter her her own own house house Q.9. Why did lady not by herself? herself? by (A) she was it was (A) Because Because she was old old and and it was not not wise wise to to go inside alone. go inside alone. (B) Because she she was (B) Because was trembling. trembling. (C) she wanted an eyewitness eyewitness to (C) Because Because she wanted an to the the incident. incident. (D) in chaos. chaos. (D) Because Because the the house house was was in Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Q.10. Why the phrase phrase 'veritable ‘veritable magpie' magpie’ used used for for Q.10. Why is is the the old the old woman? woman? (A) because she she was weak like like aa (A) because was very very old old and and weak magpie. magpie. (B) because she had (B) because she had the the habit habit of of hoarding hoarding things. things. (C) because she she lived lived alone alone in in her (C) because her house. house. (D) because been ransacked by (D) because her her house house had had been ransacked by the the thieves. thieves. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is (10 marks) (10 marks)

1. The The New is aa time for resolutions. Mentally, at least, most could compile compile formidable formidable lists lists of 1. New Year Year is time for resolutions. Mentally, at least, most of of us us could of do's, do's, and and don’ts. The same same old favorites recur in and We resolve don'ts. The old favorites recur year year in and year year out out with with monotonous monotonous regularity. regularity. We resolve to to get get up up earlier earlier each eat less, less, find find more and one about the be each morning, morning, eat more time time to to play play with with the the children, children, do do aa thousand thousand and one jobs jobs about the house, house, be nice like, drive carefully and and take for aa walk every day. experience has nice to to people people we we don’t don't like, drive carefully take the the dog dog for walk every day. Past Past experience has taught taught us us that that certain accomplishments are are beyond beyond attainment. attainment. If If we liars, it it is is only because we so often certain accomplishments we remain remain deep-rooted deep-rooted liars, only because we have have so often experienced frustration that from failure. failure. experienced the the frustration that results results from 2. of us fail in in our efforts at at self-improvement self-improvement because because our our schemes schemes are are too 2. Most Most of us fail our efforts too ambitious ambitious and and we we never never have have time fundamental error error of announcing our our resolution so that time to to carry carry them them out. out. We We also also make make the the fundamental of announcing resolution to to everybody everybody so that we we look even foolish when slip back back into into our our bad bad old Aware of attempted to look even more more foolish when we we slip old ways. ways. Aware of these these pitfalls, pitfalls, this this year year II attempted to keep keep my limited myself ambitions: to exercise every my resolutions resolutions to to myself. myself. II limited myself to to two two modest modest ambitions: to do do physical physical exercise every morning morning and and to to read read more every evening. evening. An An all-night all-night party excuse for for not carrying out either more every party on on New New Year’s Year's Eve Eve provided provided me me with with aa good good excuse not carrying out either of first day of the but on second, II applied applied myself assiduously to of these these new new resolutions resolutions on on the the first day of the year, year, but on the the second, myself assiduously to the the task. task. 3. The daily exercise lasted lasted only only eleven eleven minutes and II proposed early in in the before anyone anyone 3. The daily exercise minutes and proposed to to do do them them early the morning morning before had The self-discipline self-discipline required bed eleven eleven minutes had got got up. up. The required to to drag drag myself myself out out of of bed minutes earlier earlier than than usual usual was was considerable. considerable. Nevertheless, creep down into the living-room for for two before anyone anyone found found me After jumping Nevertheless, II managed managed to to creep down into the living-room two days days before me out. out. After jumping about on the and twisting frame into into uncomfortable sat down at the breakfast table in about on the carpet carpet and twisting the the human human frame uncomfortable positions, positions, II sat down at the breakfast table in an condition. It It was betrayed me. The next family trooped in to an exhausted exhausted condition. was this this that that betrayed me. The next morning morning the the whole whole family trooped in to watch watch the the performance. That was but II fended fended off and jibes family good soon performance. That was really really upsetting upsetting but off the the taunts taunts and jibes of of the the family good humorously humorously and and soon everybody idea. However, enthusiasm waned, spent at everybody got got used used to to the the idea. However, my my enthusiasm waned, the the time time II spent at exercises exercises gradually gradually diminished. diminished. th Little by little little the fell to zero. By By 10 10th January, II was back to started from. from. II argued if II Little by the eleven eleven minutes minutes fell to zero. January, was back to where where II had had started argued that that if spent less less time at exercises in the fresh for for reading spent time exhausting exhausting myself myself at exercises in the morning morning II would would keep keep my my mind mind fresh reading when when got got home home from work. sat in in my for aa few few evenings evenings with from work. Resisting Resisting the the hypnotizing hypnotizing effect effect to to television, television, II sat my room room for with my my eyes eyes glued glued to to aa book. One feeling cold cold and lonely, II went and sat sat in in front front of book. One night, night, however, however, feeling and lonely, went downstairs downstairs and of the the television television pretending pretending to to read. That proved be my for II soon soon got back to bad habit in front front of screen. II still still read. That proved to to be my undoing, undoing, for got back to the the old old bad habit of of dozing dozing off off in of the the screen. haven’t fact, II have bought aa book book entitled entitled 'How ‘How to Thousand haven't given given up up my my resolution resolution to to do do more more reading. reading. In In fact, have just just bought to read read aa Thousand Words aa Minute'. Minute’. Perhaps it will solve my but II just it. Words Perhaps it will solve my problem, problem, but just haven’t haven't had had time time to to read read it. a i On the basis of of your understanding of the above above passage, passage, answer answer the given below. below. (1 10 = 10) On the basis your understanding of the the questions questions given (1 × X 10 = 10) Q.1. to the the writer, of (C) announce our everybody. (C) we we announce our resolution resolution to to everybody. Q.l. According According to writer, past past experience experience of resolutions has has taught us: resolutions taught us: (D) of these. (D) All All of these. (A) frustration results from failure. failure. Ans. Option is correct. correct. (A) frustration results from Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.3. is a a basic basic mistake mistake to to announce announce our our resolution resolution Q.3. It It is (B) certain accomplishments are beyond beyond (B) certain accomplishments are because: because: attainment. attainment. (A) we back to (A) we have have no no excuse excuse to to revert revert back to our our (C) Year is is aa time for resolutions. (C) New New Year time for resolutions. earlier life. earlier life. (D) failures are life. (D) failures are aa part part of of life. (B) be nice like. (B) we we can’t can't be nice to to people people we we don’t don't like. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is (C) look more foolish when slip back back to (C) we we look more foolish when we we slip to Q.2. us fail fail in our efforts efforts at at selfselfQ.2. Most Most of of us in our our old ways. our old ways. improvement because: improvement because: (D) (D) None None of of these these (A) our schemes schemes are ambitious. (A) our are too too ambitious. Ans. Option (C) is correct. Ans. Option (C) is correct. (B) (B) we we never never have have time time to to carry carry them them out. out.

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

Q.4. The not carry carry out his resolutions resolutions on on Q.4. The writer writer did did not out his New because: New Year’s Year's Day Day because: (A) an all all night (A) he he had had attended attended an night party. party. (B) TV. (B) he he was was glued glued to to the the TV. (C) exercise was for eleven (C) the the exercise was only only for eleven minutes. minutes. (D) (D) everyone everyone was was awake awake and and watching watching him. him. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Q.5. The thought of of keeping keeping his his mind mind fresh fresh Q.5. The writer writer thought by: by: (A) TV. (A) watching watching TV. (B) for eleven eleven minutes. (B) exercising exercising for minutes. (C) reading. (C) reading. (D)  finding more children. (D) finding more time time to to play play with with children. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.6. The word similar in meaning to Q.6. The word which which similar in meaning to ‘decrease '’ is: 'decrease is: (A) formidable (A) formidable (B) monotonous (B) monotonous (C) attainment (C) attainment (D) diminish (D) diminish Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.7. What the writer’s family do the morning morning Q.7. What did did the writer's family do the next to to his his exercise exercise regime? regime? next (A) They went back to sleep. (A) They went back to sleep. (B) They made fun of of him. (B) They made fun him. (C) They came came down (C) They down to to watch watch him him exercising. exercising. (D) They encouraged encouraged him continue his (D) They him to to continue his

performance. performance. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.8. the meaning meaning of of the the words ‘That proved Q.8. What What is is the words 'That proved to be be my my undoing' undoing’ in context with the passage? to in context with the passage? (A) The action action of of sitting sitting in in front front of TV (A) The of the the TV ended the at ended the writer’s writer's resolution resolution to to read read at night. night. (B) The writer stopped exercising as soon soon as as (B) The writer stopped exercising as he TV. he pretended pretended to to read read while while watching watching TV. (C) The writer could no longer exercise as his (C) The writer could no longer exercise as his family was family was watching watching him. him. (D) The writer exhausted to exercise (D) The writer was was too too exhausted to exercise and hence back to watching TV. TV. and hence got got back to watching Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Q.9. Which of these these resolutions resolutions is mentioned Q.9. Which of is NOT NOT mentioned in the passage? in the passage? (A) earlier in in the (A) get get up up earlier the morning morning (B) eating less less (B) eating (C) sleeping in in the (C) sleeping the right right position position (D) for aa walk every day (D) taking taking the the dog dog for walk every day Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.10. How has the the writer ended the the passage? passage? Q.10. How has writer ended (A) sad note (A) On On aa sad note (B) (B) On On aa happy happy note note (C) With aa paradoxical statement (C) With paradoxical statement (D) With an an analogy analogy (D) With Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct.

XII. Read Read the questions that XII. the passage passage carefully carefully and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: (10 marks) (10 marks) 1. Early in 2003 2003 Tim Tim 'Woody' ‘Woody’ Witezak Witezak got some good as Vice of sales sales with start up 1. Early in got some good news news :: aa new new job job as Vice President President of with aa start up energy-efficient lightning company in Heart Heart Land Minneapolis, in in Minnesota. Minnesota. But energy-efficient lightning company in Land U.S. U.S. City City Minneapolis, But with with the the position position came came stress and and difficulty in sleeping. sleeping. Jane Jane Woody, Woody, 37 37 was seen by by his family doctor, stress difficulty in was seen his family doctor, aa general general practitioner practitioner who who gave gave him him samples of anxiety [The [The drug’s is Sertra Sertra Line is sold sold samples of Zoloft Zoloft an an anti-depressant anti-depressant that that also also treated treated anxiety drug's generic generic name name is Line HCL, HCL, and and is in India under under other name like and Sedep]. was the the first time he’d he'd ever ever been to aa doctor doctor about about an in India other brand brand name like Serta Serta and Sedep]. "This ‘‘This was first time been to an issue issue like this,’’ says his Kim. He and had illness or like this," says his wife wife Kim. He was was aa happy happy person person and had no no history history of of mental mental illness or depression. depression. 2. few days, Woody experienced several side side effects such as as night sweats, diarrhoea, 2. Within Within aa few days, though, though, Woody experienced several effects of of the the drug drug such night sweats, diarrhoea, weight loss and His anxiety anxiety worsened, became uncharacteristically irritable and and restless. weight loss and trembling trembling hands. hands. His worsened, he he became uncharacteristically irritable restless. One One evening he he came home crying driving around day when when the the samples ran out out after after three three weeks, weeks, Woody's doctor evening came home crying after after driving around all all day samples ran Woody’s doctor doubled 50 mg The instructions instructions from from Pfizer Inc., the doubled his his dose dose to to 50 mg and and urged urged him him to to give give the the drug drug time. time. The Pfizer Inc., the U.S. U.S. Manufacturer Manufacturer of said it it could could take four to six weeks be effective. later, Kim Woody walked in the of Zoloft, Zoloft, said take four to six weeks to to be effective. But But two two weeks weeks later, Kim recalls recalls Woody walked in the back door in his blue business business shirt shirt drenched in sweat. sweat. He curled into into aa foetal foetal position on the floor, his back door in his blue drenched in He curled position on the kitchen kitchen floor, his hands hands pressing around his head head like vice, and and begged, me. II don’t don't know know what’s what's happening happening to to me. me. II think think II am pressing around his like aa vice, begged, "Help ‘‘Help me. am losing losing my feel my is outside body looking looking in." in.’’ my mind. mind. II feel my head head is outside my my body 3. Less than later, Woody Woody seemed seemed to be springing springing back. back. He bought flight flight tickets for aa 3. Less than aa week week later, to be He ran ran almost almost 55 kms, kms, bought tickets for bachelor party in Las Vegas Vegas and and when when he he spoke on phone phone one one morning morning to to Kim, Kim, how how can Kim be wife and bachelor party in Las spoke on can Kim be wife and account account executive, suggested, they should celebrate celebrate their in Thailand. Thailand. That That evening, executive, he he suggested, they should their tenth tenth Wedding Wedding Anniversary Anniversary in evening, though, though, things changed, "His ‘‘His voice voice sounded sounded hollow.’’ She remembers busy and and distracted. The last last things had had changed, hollow." She remembers II just just assumed assumed he he was was busy distracted. The thing said was, ‘‘I love love you from the thing he he said was, "I you Kim.’’ Kim." Woody Woody was was dead. dead. He He had had hung hung himself himself from the rafters. rafters. By By cruel cruel coincidence coincidence the the Minneapolis star star Tribuneran Tribuneran had front page story that ‘‘UK Finds Finds Link Between Anti-depressant Anti-depressant And Suicide.’’ Minneapolis had aa front page story that day: day: "UK Link Between And Suicide." On the basis your understanding of the the questions questions given (1 × X 10 = 10) On the basis of of your understanding of the above above passage, passage, answer answer the given below. below. (1 10 = 10) Q.1. hich one one of the following following words Ans. Option correct. Q.l. W Which of the words doesn’t doesn't Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. relate to to Woody relate Woody Witezak: Witezak: Q.3. oody wanted to celebrate celebrate his his tenth tenth Wedding Q.3. W Woody wanted to Wedding anniversary in _________ .. (A) Minneapolis (B) bronchitis anniversary in (A) Minneapolis (B) bronchitis (A) Singapore (B) China (A) Singapore (B) China (C) depression (D) Zoloft (C) depression (D) Zoloft Ans. Option is correct. correct. (C) Thailand (D) U.S.A. (C) Thailand (D) U.S.A. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.2. The Generic name of medicine prescribed Ans. Option correct. Q.2. The Generic name of the the medicine prescribed Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. to "Woody" ‘‘Woody’’ was to was _________ .. Q.4. W Which of the Woody didn’t didn't Q.4. hich of the following following things things Woody (A) Sartre Line Line (B) Sirtra (A) Sartre (B) Sirtra Line Line do, after his his dose up? do, after dose was was doubled doubled up? (A) He curled in in foetal foetal position. (A) He curled position. (C) Sertra (D) Sretre (C) Sertra Line Line (D) Sretre Line Line



(B)  in the backyard in in his (B) He He walked walked in the backyard his yellow yellow business shirt. shirt. business (C) H Hee felt that his his head head was was out out of of his his body (C)  felt that body looking looking in. in. (D) around his (D) H Hee presses presses his his hand hand around his head. head. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.5. Woody patient of of ____ Q.5. Woody Witezak Witezak was was aa patient _ _ _.. (A) energy deficiency (A)energy deficiency (B) anxiety (B) anxiety and and depression depression (C) anxiety (C)anxiety (D) mental mental illness (D) illness Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.6. A that means means the the same as 'drenched' ‘drenched’ is Q.6. A word word that same as is _____ . Ans. soaked Ans. soaked Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Q.7. What ‘foetal position’? Q.7. What is is 'foetal position'? (A) The position in which an (A) The position in which an animal animal sits sits (B) The position in which aa baby (B) The position in which baby lies lies before before birth birth (C) The position in which stands when (C) The position in which aa person person stands when he he is weak is weak (D) The position in which aa dead dead body (D) The position in which body lies lies Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.8. How the effects effects of of the the Q.8. How would would you you summarise summarise the drugs administered to to Woody? drugs administered Woody?

UNSEEN PASSAGES PASSAGES UNSEEN

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(A) They led led him swings and (A) They him to to extreme extreme mood mood swings and eventual suicide. suicide. eventual (B) They made very happy and aa doteful (B) They made him him aa very happy man man and doteful husband. husband. (C) They made addict and and an an irritable irritable (C) They made him him aa drug drug addict boss. boss. (D) They changed changed him into aa bad bad man cruel (D) They him into man with with aa cruel nature. nature. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Q.9. Why his dose? dose? Q.9. Why did did Woody’s Woody's doctor doctor double double his (A) Woody was crying as (A) Because Because Woody was crying as the the dose dose had had run run out out (B) Woody had become irritable irritable and (B) Because Because Woody had become and restless restless (C) Woody with (C) Because Because he he wanted wanted to to poison poison Woody with the the drug drug (D) believed that (D) Because Because he he believed that the the drug drug would would take take time act time to to act Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.10. The of the the passage passage is to: Q.10. The purpose purpose of is to: (A) encourage people see doctors (A) encourage people to to see doctors regularly. regularly. (B) from taking anti-depressants. (B) discourage discourage people people from taking anti-depressants. (C) the of anti(C) highlight highlight the harmful harmful effects effects of antidepressants. depressants. (D) sad story story of committed (D) narrate narrate aa sad of aa man man who who committed suicide. suicide. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct.

XIII. Read Read the questions that (10 marks) XIII. the passage passage carefully carefully and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: (10 marks) 1. was when when even wild horses horses could could not not drag drag me me within within miles miles of or salon they are 1. Time Time was even wild of aa barber's barber’s shop shop or salon as as they are called called now-a-days. Those were cult held sway and an exception. exception. Yet, in those now-a-days. Those were days days when when hippie hippie cult held sway and aa close close cropped cropped guy guy was was an Yet, even even in those days, civilisation was by the length of of your locks and exception. Much flown under days, civilisation was measured measured by the length your locks and II was was no no exception. Much water water has has flown under the the bridge since since then. In recent began to for barber's barber’s ministration ears. But But bridge then. In recent times, times, II began to yearn yearn for ministration the the moment moment my my hair hair kisses kisses my my ears. then there there is another reason reason for this yearning yearning and that is my barber, He is more educated than me, me, having having done done then is another for this and that is my barber, Salim. Salim. He is more educated than his Masters in in Literature first class class first, first, capable capable of Byron with felicity as as Raja and his Masters Literature with with aa first of quoting quoting Chaucer Chaucer and and Byron with equal equal felicity Raja Rao Rao and Narayana. been an an English for aa couple couple of but when father, who salon, kicked Narayana. He He had had been English Professor Professor for of years years but when his his father, who ran ran the the salon, kicked the the bucket, he found that it was switch over. bucket, he found that it was good good economics economics to to make make aa switch over. 2. Salim's was aa salon with aa difference. difference. A that 'Politics' was aa taboo. taboo. Salim once 2. Salim’s salon salon was salon with A big big sign sign board board announced announced that ‘Politics’ was Salim once enlightened on this, sent aa customer only half of his been cut cut because because enlightened me me on this, recalling recalling that that he he had had sent customer packing packing though though only half of his hair hair had had been he stand, to insult to injury, which contrary to Salim’s viewpoint. viewpoint. II once asked him, he had had dared dared to to take take aa political political stand, to add add insult to injury, which was was contrary to Salim's once asked him, “Don’t you all those students whom Literature ?? II have couple of of them saying "Don't you miss miss all those students whom you you were were teaching teaching English English Literature have heard heard aa couple them saying that best among among the lot.” "Not “Not at at all,” said Salim Salim without batting an an eyelid, eyelid, "they “they might longer be be my that you you were were the the best the lot." all," said without batting might no no longer my students but but they are my customers now. And II do clear aa doubt or two come for for aa sitting." sitting.” It It was students they are my customers now. And do manage manage to to clear doubt or two when when they they come was then that that II realized realized that that the the barber's had not not dampened dampened even even aa bit, though combs combs and had then barber’s itch itch for for literature literature had bit, though and scissors scissors had replaced original tools of trade. (C.V replaced his his original tools of trade. (C.V.. Arvind) Arvind) On the basis your understanding of the the questions questions given (1 × X 10 = 10) On the basis of of your understanding of the above above passage, passage, answer answer the given below. below. (1 10 = 10) Q.1. n earlier earlier days civilisation was measured by: by: Ans. Option is correct. correct. Q.l. IIn days civilisation was measured Ans. Option (D) (D) is (A) wild wild horses. horses. (A) Q.3. alim considered considered politics: politics: Q.3. S Salim (A) to to be having liberality. (A) be having liberality. (B) length of hair hair locks. (B) length of locks. (B) to to be taboo. (B) be aa taboo. (C) number number of guys. (C) of cropped cropped guys. (C) he had no viewpoint viewpoint about politics. (C) he had no about politics. (D) number number of the town. town. (D) of salons salons in in the (D) to to be good and essential for (D) be good and essential for everyone. everyone. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.2. S Salim professor to Q.2. alim switched switched over over from from professor to a a barber barber Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is because: because: Q.4. M Meaning of 'kicked the bucket' is: Q.4. eaning of ‘kicked the bucket’ is: (A) of pressure. (A) of family family pressure. (A) to to harm harm as well as humiliate. (A) as well as humiliate. (B) of his passion passion for this profession. profession. (B) to to show no surprise or concern. (B) of his for this (B) show no surprise or concern. (C) past events that are over or done with. with. (C) past events that are over or done (C) of of the the advice of his his students. (C) advice of students. (D) died. (D) died. (D) it was aa good good economics to make make aa switch (D) it was economics to switch over. over. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

Q.5. as Salim touch with his students? Q.5. W Was Salim still still in in touch with his students? (A) No, No, he he was was not not in contact with with them. them. (A) in contact (B) Yes, he met met them them occasionally occasionally but never (B) Yes, he but never solved their solved their problems. problems. (C) sitting/extra classes classes for for (C) He He used used to to take take extra extra sitting/extra them. them. (D) His His students were his his customers he (D) students were customers and and he used solve their used to to solve their doubts. doubts. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.6. The writer often thought thought about about Salim as he: he: Q.6. The writer often Salim as (A) was was more more educated. (A) educated. (B) Masters degree in first first (B) had had received received his his Masters degree in class. class. (C) was well-versed well-versed with Indian as well as (C) was with Indian as well as English Literature. Literature. English (D) (D) All All of of these these Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is z Q.7. What is is the Much Q.7. What the meaning meaning of of the the statement, statement, ‘Much water has water has flown flown under under the the bridge bridge since since then' then’ in context with the passage? in context with the passage? (A) There been aa flood flood in in the city since since the (A) There has has been the city the last time. last time. (B) The writer writer has has found during his his last (B) The found Salim Salim during last haircut. haircut. (C) The out of fashion (C) The hippie hippie haircut haircut has has gone gone out of fashion slowly. slowly. (D) There have been aa lot lot of changes in in people’s (D) There have been of changes people's behaviors and and attitudes attitudes since since the last time. behaviors the last time.

Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.8. Find have the the same same meaning meaning as as :: Q.8. Find words words which which have (i) longing for for something something (i) longing (ii) express oneself oneself in in an an (ii) the the ability ability to to express appropriate appropriate manner manner Ans. (i) Ans. (i) yearn yearn (ii) felicity (ii) felicity Q.9. What change of attitude can can you the Q.9. What change of attitude you see see in in the writer regard to to cutting cutting his his hair? hair? writer with with regard (A) Previously he he used used to to go go to to any (A) Previously any barber, barber, but but now Salim. now he he only only prefers prefers Salim. (B) Previously father was alive, but but now (B) Previously his his father was alive, now he he has bucket. has kicked kicked the the bucket. (C) Previously he he used used to to sport hippie cut, (C) Previously sport aa hippie cut, but but now style every every month. now he he has has aa new new hair hair style month. (D) reviously he but (D) P Previously he hated hated getting getting aa haircut, haircut, but now barber even even if if they now he he goes goes to to the the barber they grow grow aa little. little. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.10. If ‘combs and Q.10. If 'combs and scissors’ scissors' were were Salim’s Salim's present present ‘tools of of trade', trade’, what his 'original ‘original tools tools of of 'tools what were were his trade’: trade': (A) Nail and and hammer hammer (A) Nail (B) Books and pens (B) Books and pens (C) Pots (C) Pots and and pans pans (D) eedle and and thread (D) N Needle thread Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is

XIV . Read the passage passage carefully carefully and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: (10 marks) XIV. Read the questions that (10 marks) 1. have been up to to fear We regard regard them them as as unnecessary unnecessary creatures creatures that that do do more more harm harm than than good. good. 1. We We have been brought brought up fear insects. insects. We Man continually continually wages wages war war on on them, them, because they contaminate his food, diseases or devour his his crops. Man because they contaminate his food, carry carry diseases or devour crops. They They sting sting or bite without fly uninvited into our summer nights beat against against our our lighted lighted windows. or bite without provocation; provocation; they they fly uninvited into our rooms rooms on on summer nights or or beat windows. We live live in in dread insects like like spiders spiders or but of of quite like moths. We dread not not only only of of unpleasant unpleasant insects or wasps wasps but quite harmless harmless ones ones like moths. Reading Reading about increases our our understanding our fears. fears. Knowing industrious ant ant lives lives in in aa highly about them them increases understanding without without dispelling dispelling our Knowing that that the the industrious highly organised society does from being being filled filled with find hordes organised society does nothing nothing to to prevent prevent us us from with revulsion revulsion when when we we find hordes of of them them crawling crawling over carefully prepared lunch. over aa carefully prepared picnic picnic lunch. 2. like honey or how about the sense of of direction bees 2. No No matter matter how how much much we we like honey or how much much we we have have read read about the uncanny uncanny sense direction which which bees possess, of being being stung. stung. Most our fears fears are are unreasonable but they erase. At At the same possess, we we have have aa horror horror of Most of of our unreasonable but they are are difficult difficult to to erase. the same time, insects are strangely fascinating, fascinating, we when we find that, like the time, however, however, insects are strangely we enjoy enjoy reading reading about about them, them, especially especially when we find that, like the praying lead perfectly lives. We staring at at them, entranced as as they about their business, praying mantis, mantis, they they lead perfectly horrible horrible lives. We enjoy enjoy staring them, entranced they go go about their business, unaware Who has stood in in awe awe at at the sight of spider pouncing fly or or aa column column of unaware (we (we hope) hope) of of our our presence. presence. Who has not not stood the sight of aa spider pouncing on on aa fly of ants bearing home an enormous enormous dead beetle ?? ants triumphantly triumphantly bearing home an dead beetle 3. summer, II spent spent days in the of ants ants crawling crawling up 3. Last Last summer, days in the garden garden watching watching thousands thousands of up the the trunk trunk of of my my prize prize of of peach The tree on aa sheltered sheltered side side of of the especially proud it, not peach tree. tree. The tree has has grown grown against against aa warm warm well well on the house. house. II am am especially proud of of it, not only because it it has survived several several severe severe winters, but because because it it occasionally luscious peaches. During the only because has survived winters, but occasionally produces produces luscious peaches. During the summer noticed that that the the leaves of the the tree tree were were beginning to wither. wither. Clusters Clusters of tiny insects were to to be summer II noticed leaves of beginning to of tiny insects called called aphis aphis were be found on of the leaves. They They were visited by by aa large large colony obtained aa sort sort of from found on the the underside underside of the leaves. were visited colony of of ants ants which which obtained of honey honey from them. immediately embarked an experiment it failed failed to of the fascinated them. II immediately embarked on on an experiment which, which, even even though though it to get get rid rid of the ants, ants, kept kept me me fascinated for twenty-four bound the base of sticky tape, it impossible impossible for for the ants to aphis. for twenty-four hours. hours. II bound the base of the the tree tree with with sticky tape, making making it the ants to reach reach the the aphis. The tape so sticky sticky that cross it. it. For For aa long long time, scurrying around around the base of The tape was was so that they they did did not not dare dare to to cross time, II watched watched them them scurrying the base of the in bewilderment. bewilderment. II even even went at midnight and noted satisfaction (and surprise) that the tree tree in went out out at midnight with with aa torch torch and noted with with satisfaction (and surprise) that the the ants still swarming swarming around around the sticky tape being able able to anything about it. II got got up early next ants were were still the sticky tape without without being to do do anything about it. up early next morning morning hoping find that in despair. Instead, II saw saw that They were hoping to to find that the the ants ants had had given given up up in despair. Instead, that they they had had discovered discovered aa new new route. route. They were climbing up the the wall wall of the house house and then on on to to the the leaves of the the tree. tree. II then then realised realised sadly that II had had been climbing up of the and then leaves of sadly that been completely completely defeated by their ingenuity. The The ants ants had been quick quick to find an defeated by their ingenuity. had been to find an answer answer to to my my thoroughly thoroughly unscientific unscientific methods! methods! On the basis of of your understanding of the above above passage, passage, answer answer the given below. below. (1 10 = 10) On the basis your understanding of the the questions questions given (1 × X 10 = 10) Q.1. are regarded regarded unnecessary unnecessary creatures creatures (A) are afraid afraid of of them. Q.l. Insects Insects are (A) we we are them. because: because: (B) they they devour devour the the crops. crops. (B)



UNSEEN PASSAGES PASSAGES UNSEEN

(C) contaminate food. food. (C) they they contaminate (D) (D) they they do do more more harm harm than than good. good. Ans. Option is correct correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.2. beings get get a a feeling feeling of of _____ when they Q.2. Human Human beings when they watch watch insects: insects: (A) fear (B) fascination (A) fear (B) fascination (C) revulsion (D) All of (C) revulsion (D) All of these these Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.3. Knowing about the the insects helps man: man: Q.3. Knowing about insects helps (A) insects. (A) to to change change his his attitude attitude towards towards insects. (B) increase his (B) to to increase his understanding understanding about about them. them. (C) fears. (C) to to dispel dispel his his fears. (D) to (D) to dispel dispel his his revulsion. revulsion. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.4. The attitude attitude of of man man towards towards insects as Q.4. The insects as described the passage passage is: is: described in in the (A) scientific (A) scientific (B) based on facts (B) based on facts (C) unreasonable (C) unreasonable (D) one fear and and revulsion (D) one of of fear revulsion Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.5. Ants at the the base base of of the tree so Q.5. Ants were were stopped stopped at the tree so that: that: (A) scurry around around in in bewilderment. bewilderment. (A) they they could could scurry (B) should not cross the (B) they they should not cross the tape. tape. (C) should not aphis. (C) they they should not reach reach the the aphis. (D) should remain are. (D) they they should remain where where they they are. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is Q.6. The phrase that has has the the same same meaning meaning as as 'drive ‘drive Q.6. The phrase that away’ is: away' is: (Para (Para 3) 3)

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(A) (B) erase (A) to to prevent prevent (B) difficult difficult to to erase (C) stood in in awe (D) (C) stood awe (D) to to get get rid rid of of Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct. Q.7. How the writer’s methods to to hamper hamper the the Q.7. How were were the writer's methods ants? ants? (A) Ingenious (A) Ingenious (B) (B) Unscientific Unscientific (C) (C) Experimental Experimental (D) (D) Brilliant Brilliant Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q.8. Why the ants ants want to climb climb up up the the peach Q.8. Why did did the want to peach tree? tree? (A) To derive from the aphis (A) To derive honey honey from the aphis (B) To eat eat the (B) To the peaches peaches (C) To kill for food food (C) To kill the the aphis aphis for (D) To eat eat the leaves of of the (D) To the leaves the tree tree Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Q.9. According to the the passage, ants live? Q.9. According to passage, where where do do ants live? (A) In the (A) In the peach peach tree tree (B) In aa colony colony near (B) In near the the peach peach tree tree (C) In highly societies (C) In highly organized organized societies (D) In the (D) In the writer’s writer's house house Ans. Option is correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is correct. Q.10. Which of these these actions actions of not harm harm Q.10. Which of of insects insects do do not humans? humans? (A) contaminating food food (A) contaminating (B) consuming crops crops (B) consuming (C) carrying diseases (C) carrying diseases (D) (D) pollination pollination Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct.

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Before moving moving on on to to the the next next question question and just before the final of the the answer-script, answer-script, revise revise the the Before and just before the final submission submission of

answers carefully. This This will find out and eliminate earlier. answers carefully. will help help you you to to find out and eliminate any any errors errors that that you you have have overlooked overlooked earlier. The passages should read silently with full The passages should be be read silently and and with full concentration. concentration. Grasping is important. important. Grasping the the context context of of the the passages passages is New should be be deciphered in the context of of their in the New or or difficult difficult words words should deciphered in the context their use use in the passages. passages. All answers written sequentially. All answers should should be be written sequentially. If aa student cannot answer answer aa question, question, or or aa part part of of aa question, question, then then it unwise to to continue continue spending time on If student cannot it is is unwise spending time on it. It It is is advisable advisable to leave the for the being, answer questions and back to it. to leave the question question for the time time being, answer the the rest rest of of the the questions and then then go go back to the the unanswered unanswered question. question. While While answering an unseen comprehension, you be aware aware of of the source as as you answering an unseen passage passage or or comprehension, you might might be the source you might might have have read it earlier. In that case, please carried away away in in writing beyond the scope of read it earlier. In that case, please do do not not get get carried writing things things beyond the scope of the the passage. passage. That will fetch you extra marks. stick to That will not not fetch you extra marks. Please Please stick to the the passage! passage! All spellings answers related related to to seen/unseen passages or or comprehensions the scope of All spellings and and answers seen/unseen passages comprehensions are are found found within within the scope of the so, it it is is important important to concentrate on the passages; passages; so, to concentrate on them. them. no need need to to panic. panic. Answering questions correctly more important than answering all the the questions. There There is is no Answering questions correctly is is more important than answering all questions. So, adequate adequate time should be be given answer each each question question properly. So, time should given to to answer properly.



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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

   Type Type -- II I I (Case-based (Case- based Passages) Passages) I.

8 marks) marks) (( 8

Look at the given below below and Look at the image image given and answer answer the the questions questions that that follow. follow. Compound eye

(8 marks) ( 8× x 11 = = 88 marks)

Fore wing Hind wing

Antenna Ocellus Cercus Reproductive

Mouth parts Spiracle



Q.l Q.1 Q.2 Q.2 Q.3 Q.3 Q.4 Q.4 Q.5 Q.5 II. II.

An has three three parts: parts: head, head, thorax thorax and head contains contains antennae, mouth parts parts and and An insect's insect’s body body has and abdomen. abdomen. The The head antennae, eyes, eyes, mouth ocellus. The antennae antennae are very tiny behave like like feelers. feelers. They They are are used sense of smell and ocellus. The are very tiny parts parts which which behave used to to gain gain aa sense of smell and taste also to feel the environmental changes changes like like breeze breeze currents, currents, temperature, Insects have taste and and also to feel the environmental temperature, etc. etc. Insects have ocellus ocellus that that is aa simple simple eye eye like like we but unlike compound eyes eyes that view moving is we have, have, but unlike humans, humans, they they have have compound that help help them them view moving objects objects with amazing amazing precision. precision. They have piercers piercers or to other mouth parts. parts. Insects Insects also also have have multiple multiple with They have or suckers suckers in in addition addition to other mouth pairs legs to They may or may Insect wings are different from bird bird wings as they pairs of of legs to move move about. about. They may or may not not have have wings. wings. Insect wings are different from wings as they don’t feathers, scales scales or bones. They They have insects have one. don't have have feathers, or bones. have two two pairs pairs of of wings wings while while insects have only only one. Which of these parts parts are in the Which of these are not not found found in the thorax? thorax? (D) It is is similar similar to organs. (D)It to the the reproductive reproductive organs. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is (A) Compound eyes (B) Forewings (A) Compound eyes (B) Forewings (C) Legs (D) (C)Legs (D) Hind Hind wings wings Q.6 an insect move? Q.6 How How does does an insect move? Ans. Option is correct correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is (A) It uses its feelers feelers to feel things around as it (A) It uses its to feel things around as it The The ocellus ocellus is: is: cannot see. cannot see. (B) It uses uses its to go go here here and and there. there. (B) It its antennae antennae to (A) A (B) (A) A mouth mouth part part (B) An An eye eye part part (C) It uses uses its wings for movement. (C) It its legs legs or or wings for movement. (C) An antenna antenna (D) Simple eye (C) An (D) Simple eye (D) It moves its mouth (D) It moves with with the the help help of of its mouth parts. parts. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Why are the the antennae antennae called called feelers? feelers? Why are Q.7 are different from bird bird wings, Q.7 Insect Insect wings wings are different from wings, (A) Because they they are used to to feel (A) Because are used feel emotions. emotions. because…. because.... (B) Because they they have have an of touch. touch. (B) Because an amazing amazing sense sense of (A) they can fly fly higher birds. (A) they can higher than than birds. (C) Because they they are are used used to to detect detect smell, taste and and (C) Because smell, taste (B) they cannot fly fly higher birds. (B) they cannot higher than than birds. environmental changes. changes. environmental (C) birds can flap flap their faster than insects. (C) birds can their wings wings faster than insects. (D) ecause they contain the compound eye. eye. (D) B Because they contain the compound (D) b irds have only one pair of wings. (D) birds have only one pair of wings. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct. Which the biggest biggest part part of the insect’s body? Which is is the of the insect's body? Q.8 On the basis of the information given in the Q.8 On the basis of the information given in the (A) The (B) The thorax (A) The head head (B) The thorax passage, which of these statements is true: passage, which of these statements is true: (C) The (D) of them are equal. (C) The abdomen abdomen (D) All All of them are equal. (A) All insects have (A) All insects have wings. wings. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. (B) Some insects insects have some do (B) Some have wings wings while while some do not not What can you you say say about about the the spiracle? spiracle? What can have have wings. wings. (A) It is is aa small small opening in the abdomen used for (A) It opening in the abdomen used for (C) All insects are (C) All insects are wingless. wingless. breathing. breathing. (D) Insects do but cannot cannot fly fly like like birds. birds. (D) Insects do have have wings wings but (B) It is used for spiral spiral parts of the abdomen. (B) It is used for parts of the abdomen. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is is correct. (C) It is used food in in the abdomen. (C) It is used to to digest digest the the food the abdomen. Read the passage passage carefully carefully and and then then answer answer the the following following questions: (8 marks) Read the questions: ( 8× x 11 = = 88 marks) The Marathon the Sands Sands The Marathon of of the





UNSEEN PASSAGES PASSAGES UNSEEN

21 21

The Marathon Marathon des Sables, or or 'Marathon ‘Marathon of of the Sands’, which in the Sahara Desert, The des Sables, the Sands', which takes takes place place in the Sahara Desert, has has gained gained aa reputation as the 'toughest Earth' since with 186 Runners have have to to reputation as the ‘toughest footrace footrace on on Earth’ since it it began began in in 1986 1986 with 186 competitors. competitors. Runners complete 250 250 kilometers in 6 6 days in one challenging environments environments on on the The event complete kilometers in days in one of of the the most most challenging the planet. planet. The event has has 1,400 entries, support team 400, and 200 members are also also involved involved in in it it this The race 1,400 entries, with with aa support team of of 400, and 200 members of of the the media media are this year. year. The race attracts runners from all been particularly successful. Irishman Irishman Ben attracts runners from all over over the the world, world, and and Moroccan Moroccan runners runners have have been particularly successful. Ben Turner, who is 71, is hoping to to become the race’s race's oldest oldest finisher ever. In order to to prepare prepare for the race, race, he he has has spent Turner, who is 71, is hoping become the finisher ever. In order for the spent the last month in aa hotter in Spain. Spain. For For most it is is not about winning but about about finishing finishing the last month training training in hotter climate climate in most runners, runners, it not about winning but the and receiving famous kiss on each each cheek cheek from from Patrick set up the race race and receiving the the famous kiss on Patrick Bauer, Bauer, the the man man who who originally originally set up the the race. race. The rules state that competitors must on themselves: everyone with The rules state that competitors must be be able able to to rely rely on themselves: organizers organizers provide provide everyone with water, water, but individual individual competitors competitors are free to choose their own food food items. items. There There are strict rules but are free to choose their own are strict rules about about the the weight weight of of the the items that competitors take between 6.5 6.5 and and 15 15 kilograms, and though items that competitors take with with them. them. Equipment Equipment must must weigh weigh between kilograms, and though tents tents are supplied, supplied, runners bring lightweight lightweight sleeping sleeping bags. bags. Most aim for for the lower end end of are runners need need to to bring Most runners runners aim the lower of the the weight weight range, as it it decreases effort they in during range, as decreases the the effort they need need to to put put in during the the race. race. Marathon des Sables: numbers and and facts facts Marathon des Sables: numbers

72 number number of of medical medical personnel personnel present present 72 28 age age of first attempt 28 of the the person person making making first attempt to to complete complete the the course course 14 average average speed speed in in kilometers of slowest slowest runners 14 kilometers per per hour hour of runners 10 highest of race won by by aa single single person 10 highest number number of race won person follow runners’ 22 helicopters helicopters available available to to follow runners' progress progress quad bikes bikes to equipment quickly 55 quad to move move equipment quickly

Deciding what what to to take take is hard. Hot Hot food or aa music music player? player? Runner Runner David David Kelly Kelly explains his choice. choice. "I was happy happy Deciding is hard. food or explains his “I was to luxury of of aa small small stove stove to food,” he says. "The “The only to give give up up the the luxury to warm warm my my food," he says. only time time II don’t don't have have music music playing playing to to keep is when I’m doing special hot classes to for the keep me me going going is when I'm doing the the special hot yoga yoga classes to help help me me prepare prepare for the desert.” desert."



The temperatures in the Sahara Desert Desert are are very but sink sink to freezing at at night. another The temperatures in the Sahara very high high during during the the day, day, but to freezing night. For For another runner, Jordan recreating these these conditions conditions in the UK UK is challenge -– particularly particularly in the British British winter. winter. runner, Jordan Smith, Smith, recreating in the is aa challenge in the Jordan knows that that he he cannot prepare for the heat heat and he ensures ensures that that he he runs runs an of one hundred Jordan knows cannot prepare for the and sun, sun, so so he an average average of one hundred kilometers improve his strength. kilometers aa week, week, which which has has helped helped him him to to improve his strength.



Although Jordan has been preparing for the for aa year, biggest fear fear is is the finishing, rather Although Jordan has been preparing for the event event for year, his his biggest the thought thought of of not not finishing, rather than the the more more common common concern than concern of of being being stung stung by by aa scorpion. scorpion.

Q.1 many competitors competitors are are running running in the race race this this How many in the Q i How year? year? (A) 186 (B) (A) 186 (B) 1400 1400 (C) 400 (D) 200 200 (C) 400 (D) Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is is correct. Q.2 Q2

Who the first first Marathon Sables? Who organized organized the Marathon des des Sables? (A) Turner (B) Smith (A) Ben Ben Turner (B) Jordan Jordan Smith (C) (D) (C) David David kelly kelly (D) Patrick Patrick Bauer Bauer Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct.

Why do do runners want to little weight weight as Q.3 runners want to carry carry as as little as Q.3 Why possible? possible? (A) effort (A) Decreases Decreases effort (B) Increases efforts efforts (B) Increases (C) Weight proportionate to to cost (C) Weight is is proportionate cost (D) Heavy Heavy weight weight is not permitted permitted (D) is not Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Q.4 to the the chart, chart, how how many many times has the the According to times has Q 4 According most successful successful competitor competitor won the race? race? most won the (A) 72 72 (B) 10 10 (A) (B) (C) 28 (D) (C) 28 (D) 14 14 Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is is correct. Q.5 is David biggest motivation motivation while What is David Kelly’s Kelly's biggest while Q.5 What running? running?



(A) music music player player (B) good good food (A) (B) food (C) food (D) (C) warm warm food (D) yoga yoga Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct.

Q,6 What Q.6 about the the equipment equipment that that What was was different different about Marie bringing with her on on this this race? race? Marie is is bringing with her (A) It was lighter. (A) It was lighter. (B) It was (B) It was heavier. heavier. (C) It was (C) It was damp. damp. (D) It could be moved easily. easily. (D) It could be moved Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Smith train train himself long Q.7 Jordan Smith himself for for running running long Q.7 Jordan distances distances of: of: Ans. 100 km/week Ans. 100 km/week Q.8 Q.8

What Jordan most most worried about? What is is Jordan worried about? (A) average (A) average speed speed (B) of not finishing (B) thought thought of not finishing (C) (C) completion completion of of course course (D) slow (D) slow speed speed Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is is correct.

Q.9 According According to what is is the the primary primary age Q.9 to the the chart, chart, what age eligibility for for the the completion completion of course? eligibility of course? (A) 14 years (B) (A) 14 years (B) 25 25 years years (C) 28 years (D) No No age (C) 28 years (D) age limit limit Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct.

22 22

Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

III. the following following passage passage carefully carefully and and then then answer answer the the following following questions. eight) (8 marks) III. Read Read the questions. (Any (Any eight) ( 8× x 11 = = 88 marks)

The Global Teacher Prize Prize The Global Teacher



The Global Teacher Prize is aa US$1 award presented annually to an exceptional an The Global Teacher Prize is US$1 million million award presented annually to an exceptional teacher teacher who who has has made made an outstanding outstanding contribution contribution to to their their profession. profession.



A few few years ago, an educational charity charity called called the Foundation was concerned that A years ago, an educational the Varkey Varkey Foundation was concerned that many many problems problems around around the are caused by lack lack of of education. They decided ask Populus, leading research company, to find out the world world are caused by education. They decided to to ask Populus, aa leading research company, to find out more, by comparing comparing education in countries countries around around the section was on how more, by education in the world. world. One One section was on how teaching teaching compares compares with with other Their investigation investigation also covered many such as as are are children children encouraged encouraged to other professions. professions. Their also covered many other other key key topics, topics, such to become teachers. The results of this survey, published in 2013, 2013, shocked shocked the Foundation, become teachers. The results of this survey, published in the chairman chairman of of the the Varkey Varkey Foundation, whose both been been teachers. Therefore, in in the same year, Global Teacher Teacher whose parents parents had had both teachers. Therefore, the same year, he he decided decided to to establish establish the the Global Prize, intention of The first first prize awarded in in Prize, with with the the overall overall intention of raising raising the the profile profile of of the the teaching teaching profession. profession. The prize was was awarded 2015. 2015.



The process of choosing choosing aa winner is aa lengthy lengthy one. one. People can name can apply apply The process of winner is People can name aa teacher teacher they they know, know, or or aa teacher teacher can themselves. first year, from 127 127 different countries were were nominated, and over 5000 applications applications themselves. In In the the first year, teachers teachers from different countries nominated, and over 5000 were closing date, select 10 10 finalists, finalists, who in Dubai Dubai for for an an were received. received. After After the the closing date, aa team team of of judges judges carefully carefully select who gather gather in exciting award is is presented. The winner in the first year Atwell, aa teacher from the exciting event event where where the the award presented. The winner in the first year was was Nancie Nancie Atwell, teacher from the USA, interest in in her success was After accepting accepting her speech in in which USA, and and media media interest her success was enormous. enormous. After her prize, prize, Nancie Nancie gave gave aa speech which she talked fact that can make students’7 lives. lives. Nancie she talked about about the the fact that as as aa teacher teacher you you can make aa real real difference difference to to students Nancie discovered discovered aa love love of of books books when she was child, and become an an English when she was aa child, and went went on on to to become English teacher. teacher. Like Like many many other other teachers, teachers, she enjoys enjoys the chance to be creative creative in in the She developed called the she the chance to be the classroom. classroom. She developed aa technique technique called the writing-reading writing-reading workshop, she first first described in her book Tn ‘In The The Middle’. workshop, which which she described in her book Middle7.



The 2016 2016 competition competition was was also success. The The award award was school teacher called The also aa great great success. was presented presented to to aa primary primary school teacher called Hanan Al Hroub. She developed her her own teaching approach, approach, which which is developing trusting trusting Hanan Al Hroub. She developed own specialist specialist teaching is based based on on developing and friendly relationships students, paying attention to individual needs, and above all, rewarding and friendly relationships with with students, paying attention to their their individual needs, and above all, rewarding z positive behavior. She She wrote about this in her book ‘We and Learn’, inspired other positive behavior. wrote about this in her book We Play Play and Learn7, which which has has inspired other teachers teachers to to review review the the way way they they teach. teach.



Would you consider going into the After all, same, which is what Would you consider going into the teaching teaching profession? profession? After all, no no two two days days are are the the same, which is what attracts attracts many in the first place. Teacher Prize inspire more become the many to to teaching teaching in the first place. Perhaps Perhaps the the Global Global Teacher Prize can can inspire more people people to to try try to to become the outstanding future! outstanding teachers teachers of of the the future!

A teacher's working week week A teacher’s average average working Registration Registration

1.5 hours 1.5 hours

Teaching classes classes Teaching

25 hours 25 hours

Preparing lessons Preparing lessons

55 hours hours

Marking homework/coursework Marking homework/coursework

99 hours hours

Meetings Meetings

1.5 hours 1.5 hours

Administration Administration

2.5 hours 2.5 hours

School duty School duty

Q.l Which organization organization carried out aa survey into Q.1 Which carried out survey into education? education? (A) Populas Populas (B) Global Global Teacher (A) (B) Teacher (C) Foundation ((D) D) Play and Learn (C) Varkey Varkey Foundation Play and Learn Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Q.2 What questions questions did did the survey include? include? Q.2 What the education education survey (A) is compared other (A) how how teaching teaching is compared with with other professions professions (B) children are are encouraged encouraged to become (B) whether whether children to become teachers teachers (C) both (A) (C) both (A) and and (B) (B) (D) n neither (A) nor nor (B) (B) (D) either (A) Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.3 When the Global Teacher Prize up? Q.3 When was was the Global Teacher Prize set set up? (A) 2012 (B) 2013 (A) 2012 (B) 2013 (C) 2015 (D) 2016 (C) 2015 (D) 2016 Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is

22 hours hours Q.4 What is the the main main aim aim of the Global Teacher Prize? Prize? Q.4 What is of the Global Teacher (A) (A) making making teaching teaching popular popular (B) interest (B) to to arouse arouse media’s media's interest (C) interesting (C) making making teaching teaching interesting (D) (D) raising raising profile profile of of teaching teaching Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.5 How many teachers teachers entered entered for for the the prize prize in Q.5 How many in the the first year? first year? (A) 1000 (B) (A) 1000 (B) 2000 2000 (C) over over 5000 (D) 5000 5000 (C) 5000 (D) Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.6 Where the prize prize ceremony ceremony take take place? Q.6 Where does does the place? (A) (B) (A) Dubai Dubai (B) USA USA (C) UK UK (D) London London (C) (D) Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct.



UNSEEN PASSAGES PASSAGES UNSEEN

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Q.7 What teaching Q.8 What believe it it is most Q.7 What was was the name of of Nancie Nancie Atwell’s Atwell's teaching Q.8 What does does Hanan Hanan Al Al Hroub Hroub believe is most method? important to focus focus on teaching? method? important to on while while teaching? (A) Developing (A) Developing trust trust (A) Writing Reading (A) Writing Reading Workshop (B) (B) Paying Paying attention to to individual needs needs (B) (B) Reading Reading Writing Writing Workshop (C) Rewarding positive (C) Rewarding positive behavior (C) Play and Learn (C) Play and Learn (D) All of (D) All of these these (D) (D) None None of of these these Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is correct. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is correct. IV . Look graph showing changes in animals and answer answer the questions that that IV. Look at the graph showing the changes in the population population of of some wild wild animals follow. (8 marks) follow. ( 8× x 11 = = 8 marks) Wildlife Wildlife Population Population 200 200 180 180 160 160 140 140 120 120 100 100 80 80 60 60 40 20 20 0 2017 2017

2018 2018

2019 2019

2020 2020

2021 2021

2022 2022

Whale —•— Bears —•— Dolphins Dolphins —•— Whale



Q.1 Q.l

Q.2 Q.2 Q.3 Q.3 Q.4 Q.4

climate. It is surprising that that the the population population of bears is increasing in spite of of the the dangerous dangerous changes changes in the the global climate. Many attribute attribute it to to the the captive breeding programmes programmes conducted in many many countries. On On the the other other hand, hand, it is sad to especially to notice notice that that dolphins dolphins have have almost become extinct. extinct. Much Much of of it is due due to to the the extensive water water pollution pollution especially in areas that that are their their natural natural habitats. habitats. Unlike Unlike whales, whales, who who are able able to to change their their habitat habitat and venture in deeper deeper parts parts of of the the oceans, oceans, dolphins dolphins are unable unable to to adapt adapt to to changing habitats habitats at at short notices. notices. No No wonder, wonder, the the whale whale population population has has seen many many ups ups and downs downs over the the last few years. years. diagram can be described as: (D) They are dying The given diagram described as: (D)They dying out very fast. Ans. Option correct. (A) A (A) A simple line graph graph Ans. Option (B) (B) is correct. Q.5 The whales are: (B) A vertical vertical line graph graph Q-5 The whales are: (B) A (A) More in population population than than the the bears. (A) More (C) A (C) A straight line graph graph (B) Less population than the dolphins. (B) Less in population than the dolphins. (D) (D) A multiple multiple line graph graph (C) in population compared to both bears bears (C) Equal Equal in population compared to both Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is correct. and dolphins. dolphins. How many years years are in the graph? How are covered covered in graph? (D) Almost equal in population 2017 and 2022. 2022. (D) Almost population in 2017 (A) Four (B) Five (A) Four (B) Five Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is (C) Six (D) Seven (C) Six (D) Seven Q.6 Why are whales not extinct yet? Q.6 Why are whales not extinct yet? Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is correct. (A) Because are big (A) Because they too to be harmed What about the population bears? What can you say about population of bears? (B) Because they they move move to to deeper deeper oceans in times times of (B) Because (A) It was was the the lowest in 2017 highest in 2019. (A) It 2017 and highest 2019. danger (B) It 40 points (B) It has has been increasing at at the the rate rate of 40 points (C) (C) Because Because their their population population keeps keeps fluctuating as per per year. year. per the climatic climatic changes (C) It will will rise more in the year 2020-2021 (C) It 2020-2021 than in (D) ecause they (D)B Because they are are able to to fight for themselves themselves the 2021-2022. the year year 2021-2022. unlike unlike dolphins dolphins (D) It was almost equal (D)It equal to to the the population population of whales whales Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is correct. 2019. in the the year year 2019. Q.7 What common between the three three animals? animals? Q.7 What is common Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is correct. (A) They are all land animals. (A) They Based on the graph, which of these statements is Based graph, which statements is (B) They are all water water animals. (B) They definitely about dolphins? definitely false about dolphins? (C) They (C) They are all mammals. mammals. (A) Their (A) Their population population has has been steadily declining declining in (D) They are are all all about about to become extinct. extinct. (D)They to become the last few few years. the last years. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is correct. (B) They have sadly become extinct now. (B) They Q.8 ________ has seen many many ups and downs over over the Q.8 last few years. years. last few (C) They have have a lower rate rate of of survival than than whales. whales. (C) They Ans. Whales Ans. Whales

24 24 V.

Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

Read the passage passage carefully carefully and and then then answer answer the the following following questions. Read the questions. 

(8 marks) ( 8× X 11 = = 88 marks)

My First-ever Rollercoaster My First-ever Rollercoaster Ride Ride



II have come to enthusiast Jay Jay Murray, find out so have come to aa theme theme park park to to meet meet rollercoaster rollercoaster enthusiast Murray, to to find out what what makes makes these these rides rides so popular. Jay estimates estimates he been on in the 10 years, is surprised surprised that been on on popular. Jay he has has been on 700 700 rides rides in the past past 10 years, and and is that II have have never never been one. says that attractions of of these is that feel out of control, control, but but safe. safe. Jay Jay really one. He He says that one one of of the the attractions these rides rides is that you you feel out of really wanted wanted to to emphasise importance of safety. "All “All rides for 1,000 1,000 hours before they said. emphasise the the importance of safety. rides are are tested tested for hours before they open open to to the the public,” public," he he said. “They also also do on every every ride each morning, inspection too.” "They do aa test test run run on ride each morning, and and there’s there's aa thorough thorough annual annual inspection too."



th Rollercoasters first appeared in 17 17th -century Russia. These were sloping structures structures up 15 metres built of of Rollercoasters first appeared in -century Russia. These were sloping up to to 15 metres high, high, built wood, layer of ice on on the surface which slide down. sledges wood, with with aa layer of ice the surface which people people would would slide down. Rollercoasters Rollercoasters with with wheeled wheeled sledges were soon afterwards. in Pennsylvania, in the been used coal were developed developed soon afterwards. Later, Later, in Pennsylvania, in the USA, USA, aa train train that that had had been used to to deliver deliver coal was converted to carry passengers This gave called LaMarcus LaMarcus Thompson Thompson the idea to open aa was converted to carry passengers on on day day trips. trips. This gave aa man man called the idea to open park A school school teacher by profession, eye of of aa designer, park with with pleasure pleasure rides rides at at Coney Coney Island, Island, New New York. York. A teacher by profession, he he had had the the eye designer, and businessman. In In just from the for the and the the mind mind of of aa businessman. just three three weeks, weeks, he he raised raised enough enough money money from the rides rides to to pay pay for the cost cost of of building the park. park. building the



By1888, had built nearly 50 rollercoasters around the USA USA and and Europe. Europe. He new technologies technologies By 1888, Thompson Thompson had built nearly 50 rollercoasters around the He introduced introduced new such as as cables cables to but it it was another man, John Miller, Miller, who for an an undersuch to pull pull trains trains uphill, uphill, but was another man, John who came came up up with with aa design design for underfriction wheel, firmly attached This meant faster and and on steeper friction wheel, which which kept kept trains trains firmly attached to to the the rails. rails. This meant that that they they could could go go faster on steeper tracks, falling off. This invention invention appeared in 1912. 1912. tracks, without without falling off. This appeared in Name ride Name of of ride



Country Country

Height Height

Total cost cost Total

Maximum speed speed Maximum

Tower of of Terror Terror Tower

Australia Australia

115 metres 115 metres

A $16 million A $16 million

161 kilometers 161 kilometers per per hour hour

Formula Formula Rossa Rossa

United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates

52 metres 52 metres

£19.5 million £19.5 million

240 240 kilometers kilometers per per hour hour

Steel Dragon Steel Dragon

Japan Japan

97 metres 97 metres

US $52 million US $52 million

153 kilometers 153 kilometers per per hour hour

However, there there are to the the physical physical forces that aa person person can tolerate on on aa ride. ride. People People can more easily easily However, are limits limits to forces that can tolerate can cope cope more with vertical -– the feeling of of being being pressed into their seat -– than vertical, which with the the positive positive vertical the feeling pressed into their seat than the the negative negative vertical, which pushes pushes them of it. it. Interestingly, Interestingly, Jay Jay points out that faster is is slowly slowly them out out of points out that the the desire desire to to make make rollercoaster rollercoaster rides rides higher higher and and faster being replaced by trend towards towards more more complex rides, which which offer more lasting explains: "A being replaced by aa trend complex rides, offer aa more lasting experience. experience. Jay Jay explains: “A world-famous such as as Kingda is over over in in less less than seconds. Although Although such such aa ride is thrilling, world-famous ride ride such Kingda Ka Ka (in (in the the USA) USA) is than ten ten seconds. ride is thrilling, and adrenaline, there is an alternative. You You can like Helix Sweden), which lasts for for and gives gives you you aa rush rush of of adrenaline, there is an alternative. can try try aa ride ride like Helix (in (in Sweden), which lasts two it’s my one at at the All the same, Jay Jay was eager for for me experience 'air ‘air time’ two minutes minutes -– it's my number number one the moment.” moment." All the same, was eager me to to experience time' -– the the moment and hang, before plunging side. And And when finally moment when when you you reach reach the the top top and hang, weightless, weightless, before plunging down down the the other other side. when II finally did, it was fantastic! did, II had had to to admit admit that that it was fantastic!

Q.1 How theme parks make sure sure each each ride ride is safe Q.l How do do theme parks make is safe every day? every day? (A) daily daily inspection (B) open open ride ride (A) inspection (B) (C) by test run run (D) None None of these (C) by test (D) of these Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. Q.2 What the earliest earliest rollercoasters rollercoasters covered Q.2 What were were the covered in? in? (A) layers (B) dust dust (A) layers of of ice ice (B) (C) wood wood (D) coal coal (C) (D) Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Q.3 What the railway railway in Pennsylvania originally Q.3 What did did the in Pennsylvania originally transport? transport? (A) wood wood (B) coal (A) (B) coal (C) both (A) and and (B) (B) (D) (D) rollercoasters rollercoasters (C) both (A)



Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is

Q.4 What the occupation of the the man man who first Q.4 What was was the occupation of who first designed the rides rides at at Coney designed the Coney Island? Island? (A) business (B) engineer engineer (A) business (B) (C) designer designer (D) teacher teacher (C) (D) Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is Q.5. What the name name of the device Q.5. What was was the of the device which which was was invented 1912? invented in in 1912? (A) cable cable (A) (B) Tower of Terror (B) Tower of Terror (C) (C) Under-friction Under-friction wheel wheel (D) Steel Dragon (D) Steel Dragon Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct.



UNSEEN PASSAGES PASSAGES UNSEEN

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Q.6 Q.6 According According to to the the table, table, how how tall is Tower of of Terror:



Ans. 115 meters Ans. 115 meters

Q.8 Which feature feature makes Jay Muray that Q.8 Which makes Jay Muray believe believe that rollercoaster rollercoaster rides rides will will change in the the future?

Q.7 Q.7 Which term term refers refers to to the the force that pushes pushes you you into your seat while while on on a ride? ride? your

(A) (A) Physical Physical force

(B) (B) positive positive vertical vertical



(C) (C) negative negative vertical (D) (D) None None of these these

Ans. Option Ans. Option (B) (B) is correct.



(A) thrilling (A)

(B) weightless weightless (B)



(C) complex (C) more more complex

(D) (D) simple simple



Ans. Option Ans. Option (C) (C) is correct.

nnn

CHAPTER

2



Syllabus Syllabus

NOTE-MAKING NOTE-MAKING AND AND SUMMARISING SUMMARISING

Note Making Making and and Summarising Summarising based based on on aa passage of approximately approximately Note passage of 200-250 words. words. 200-250

I. Note Making: Making: I. Note Title: 1 i  • Title: 1  Numbering and and indenting: indenting: 1 • Numbering 1  Key/glossary: 1 • Key/glossary: 1  Notes: 2 • Notes: 2 (up to 50 words): words): ; II. Summary IL Summary (up to 50 Content: 2 ]  • Content: 2  • Expression: 1 Expression: 1

Marks 55 Marks

33 Marks Marks

Introduction • • •

Today, extensive is the buzz-word in in every every field field of of study study or or research. While reading, often Today, extensive reading reading is the buzz-word research. While reading, we we are are often bombarded with information of of aa vast ambit. It It often often becomes becomes difficult of aa passage/ bombarded with information vast ambit. difficult to to recall recall all all the the key key points points of passage/ article article we we might might have have read. read. Note-making is means to to capture the key key ideas of aa given given passage passage in easily readable readable and and logically Note-making is aa means capture the ideas of in an an easily logically structured format. format. The The style style is is fairly fairly casual, casual, though CBSE framework framework and we are structured though within within the the prescribed prescribed CBSE and we are even even allowed abbreviations. allowed to to use use abbreviations. The key at the end of be able interpret the The key to to abbreviations abbreviations at the end of the the task task ensures ensures that that any any other other reader reader may may also also be able to to interpret the gist of the Thus, note-making can be be aa wonderful in class, class, share share notes gist of the passage. passage. Thus, note-making can wonderful tool tool to to take take notes notes in notes with with each each other even revise for an other and and even revise for an exam. exam.

Purpose of Note-Making Purpose of Note-Making • • • • • • • • • • • •

To revise lessons before before examinations examinations To revise lessons To write or any composition To write aa report report or any composition To plan speech or or any lecture To plan aa speech any lecture To convey convey any any message by giving important details To message only only by giving important details To make presentation presentation To make To summarise summarise the To the text text that that you you have have read read

Scan to Scan to know know more more about about this this topic topic

Note Note Making Making

How How to to Make Make Notes Notes

Step 11 :: Start Start by by underlining important information. information. Step underlining the the important Step 2 2 :: Read asking yourself questions and and Step Read the the passage passage again, again, asking yourself questions answering them as you answering them as you read. read. Step 33 :: With answers, note Step With the the help help of of those those answers, note down down the the main main points. points. Write the full forms forms of of the verbs. Write the points points without without full the verbs. Notice ideas can can be be combined combined into into one one point. Notice :: Two Two or or three three related related ideas point. Use Use of of colons colons Use long dash Use of of the the long dash Step 4 4 :: Now facts and and number Step Now go go over over the the facts number them. them. Step 5 5 :: Finally over the facts and again. Step Finally go go over the facts and number number them them again.

] Note-making Note-making is an important is an important study study ] skill. It also helps at work. ! skill. It also helps us us at work. We We need need to to ! ! draw draw the the main main points points of of the the material material we we ! it is is difficult large i i read read as as it difficult to to remember remember large i chunks of information. — NCERT ■ chunks of information.—NCERT



NOTE-MAKING NOTE-MAKING AND AND SUMMARISING SUMMARISING

27 27

Characteristics of of Note-Making Characteristics Note-Making 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 4. 5. 5. 6. 6. 7. 7. 8. 8. 9. 9. 10. 10.

Notes be written in grammatically sentences. Notes need need not not be written in grammatically correct correct sentences. Notes are are much much shorter than original original text. text. Notes shorter than The main and the supporting details are distinguished. The main points points and the supporting details are distinguished. Many unimportant out. Many unimportant words, words, helping helping words words etc. etc. are are usually usually dropped dropped out. Information is condensed condensed by by using symbols, abbreviations, abbreviations, shorter shorter words Information is using symbols, words etc. etc. Try not exceed 55 words in every and supporting supporting points. Try not to to exceed words in every heading heading and points. Try to complete complete the the notes notes within within 44 to to 55 headings. headings. Try to Notes should be be presented in aa systematic systematic manner brings out out the structure of of the Notes should presented in manner that that brings the structure the original original text. text. Headings supporting details Headings and and supporting details are are numbered. numbered. Finally the summary is is prepared basis of of the should not limit of of 50 50 words. Finally the summary prepared on on the the basis the notes. notes. It It should not exceed exceed the the limit words.

Summarising Summarising Summarising follows follows note-making. Summarising is is the selection and and paraphrasing information of original Summarising note-making. Summarising the selection paraphrasing information of the the original source. This This is is done by analysing in order formulate aa plan source. done by analysing the the paragraphs/passage paragraphs/passage in order to to formulate plan of of writing. writing.

How To To Make Make Summary How Summary

; 7A summary is usually one-third of rf the the : length of —NCERT ■ The process summarising involves involves the steps followed followed in in noteThe process of of summarising the steps note- ■ length of the the original original passage. passage. —NCERT L making making :: -------------------------------------------------- J 1. Underlining important ideas ideas 1. Underlining important 2. them down, down, abridging the verbs 2. Writing Writing them abridging the verbs 3. Avoiding Avoiding examples, examples, explanations, explanations, repetition. 3. repetition. However, instead of into nouns), into full full sentences sentences However, instead of nominalising nominalising the the points points (changing (changing verbs verbs into nouns), we we expand expand the the points points into and link them suitable connectors. connectors. We We need be precise in our our expression. expression. The The summary summary will contain all and link them using using suitable need to to be precise in will contain all the the main ideas of the the original original passage. passage. Practice Practice in word for many'will help. help. main ideas of in 'using ‘using one one word for many’will For Example Example :: For • who show far beyond beyond their age often be mediocre in adult life. • Children Children who show intelligence intelligence far their age often turn turn out out to to be mediocre in adult life. Or Or Precocious be mediocre in adult life. Precocious children children often often turn turn out out to to be mediocre in adult life. • by excellence excellence in in the various arts, arts, languages science. • Her Her genius genius was was marked marked by the various languages and and science. Or Or She was versatile genius. She was aa versatile genius.

Sub-Titling The purpose sub-titling is is to convey the idea or section of long piece of writing. It helps The purpose of of sub-titling to convey the main main idea or theme theme of of each each section of aa long piece of writing. It helps the at aa glance sub-topics that are being being addressed. suitable sub-titles sub-titles helps break the the reader reader know know at glance the the sub-topics that are addressed. Giving Giving suitable helps break the monotony of reading long passages. monotony of reading long passages.

FORMAT FORMAT Title Title 1. Heading 1. Heading 11 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 Supporting Supporting points points 1.3 1.4 1.4 2. Heading Heading 22 2. 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 Supporting points points 2.3 Supporting 2.4 2.4

3. 3. Heading Heading 33 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 Supporting points points 3.3 Supporting 3.4 3.4 4. Heading 4. Heading 44 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3 Supporting Supporting points points 4.3 4.4 4.4

Key to to Abbreviations Key Abbreviations 1. eg. 1. eg. 2. etc. 2. etc. 3. & 3. &

-– -– -–

example example etcetera etcetera and and

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

Marking Scheme Scheme

Note making and and summary be of of 88 marks marks Note making summary will will be I. marks I. Note Note Making Making :: 55 marks l Title :: mark 11 mark • Title l and indenting indenting :: mark • Numbering Numbering and 11 mark l mark 11 mark • Key/glossary Key/glossary :: l marks • Notes Notes :: 22 marks Suggested notes Suggested notes Note and summary summary should should be be in in the Note :: Notes Notes and the third third person person Or Or l summary should should be be written in the first person format is is correct is • Notes Notes and and summary written in the first person provided provided the the format correct and and content content is covered covered properly. properly. II. Summary :: The The summary summary should should include include all all the important points in the 33 marks marks II. Summary the important points given given in the notes. notes. l marks 22 marks • Content Content :: • Expression Expression :: 11 mark l mark

EXERCISE EXERCISE

(8 marks marks each) each) (8

I. the passage passage and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: I. Read Read the questions that 1. Humour is infectious. infectious. The The sound sound of of roaring laughter is is far far more any cough, cough, sniffle, sniffle, or sneeze. 1. Humour is roaring laughter more contagious contagious than than any or sneeze. When laughter laughter is is shared, shared, it it binds binds people and increases increases happiness intimacy. Best of all, all, this When people together together and happiness and and intimacy. Best of this priceless priceless medicine is fun, fun, free, free, and easy to medicine is and easy to use. use. 2. The ability laugh, play, and have fun with life more enjoyable but but also solve 2. The ability to to laugh, play, and have fun with others others not not only only makes makes life more enjoyable also helps helps you you solve problems. incorporate humour into their lives find find that it renews all of problems. People People who who incorporate humour and and play play into their daily daily lives that it renews them them and and all of their their relationships. relationships. 3. brings challenges challenges that can either best of become playthings for your imagination. When When you 3. Life Life brings that can either get get the the best of you you or or become playthings for your imagination. you “become the and take seriously, it it can can be be hard outside the box and and find find new solutions. "become the problem” problem" and take yourself yourself too too seriously, hard to to think think outside the box new solutions. But often transform it into into an for creative creative learning. learning. But when when you you play play with with the the problem, problem, you you can can often transform it an opportunity opportunity for 4. Playing seems to come naturally When they are confused confused or or afraid, afraid, they 4. Playing with with problems problems seems to come naturally to to children. children. When they are they make make their their problems into aa game, sense of and an an opportunity experiment with solutions. Interacting Interacting problems into game, giving giving them them aa sense of control control and opportunity to to experiment with new new solutions. with others in in playful ability. with others playful ways ways helps helps you you retain retain this this creative creative ability. 5. As As laughter, laughter, humour, become an an integrated integrated part of your life, your creativity will flourish and and new 5. humour, and and play play become part of your life, your creativity will flourish new discoveries occur to Humour takes world from from aa more discoveries will will occur to you you daily. daily. Humour takes you you to to aa higher higher place place where where you you can can view view the the world more relaxed, and balanced balanced perspective. [DDE, 2017-18] 2017-18] [DDE, relaxed, positive, positive, creative, creative, joyful, joyful, and perspective. Q. 1. 1. On the basis basis of of your reading of the above above passage, Q. On the your reading of the passage, Key to to Abbreviations Key Abbreviations make notes notes using using headings headings and and subheadings. make subheadings. Use Use S.No. Abbreviation Word Abbreviation S.No. Word recognisable abbreviations abbreviations wherever necessary. recognisable wherever necessary. Use a a format format you consider suitable, Use you consider suitable, supply supply aa system 1. sys. system sys. 1. suitable title. (5 marks) suitable title. (5 marks) 2. dimnshs. diminishes 2. dimnshs. diminishes Ans. Laughter Ans. Laughter -- A A Priceless Priceless Medicine Medicine 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3.

Physical changes in in body: body: Physical changes 1.1. strengthens immune sys sys 1.1. strengthens immune 1.2. boosts energy 1.2. boosts energy 1.3. diminishes 1.3. diminishes pain pain 1.4. protects from stress. stress. 1.4. protects from Benefits of Benefits of laughter. laughter. 2.1. makes life more enjyble 2.1. makes life more enjyble 2.2. helps helps solve problems 2.2. solve problems 2.3. connects with 2.3. connects with others others Laughter An Integral Integral Part life Laughter -- An Part of of life 3.1. makes one creative 3.1. makes one creative 3.2. helps helps to to balance prspctive 3.2. balance prspctive 3.3. 3.3. makes makes one one more more relaxed relaxed & & positive positive

3. 3.

enjybl. enjybl.

enjoyable enjoyable

4. 4.

prspctiv. prspctiv.

perspective perspective

5. 5.

& &

and and

Q. 2. 2. Make short summary the passage about 50 Q. Make aa short summary of of the passage in in about 50 words: (3 marks) words: (3 marks) Ans. Summary: Laughter is is free, free, yet Ans. Summary:Laughter yet aa priceless priceless medicine. medicine. It makes body healthy. build It makes the the body healthy. Humour Humour helps helps build better relationships. are best best solved solved by by better relationships. Problems Problems are developing child-like attitude attitude of of playing developing aa child-like playing with with them brooding over them rather rather than than brooding over them. them. Laughter Laughter should be be an integral part of life life to it relaxed, should an integral part of to make make it relaxed, positive and balanced. balanced. positive and



NOTE-MAKING AND SUMMARISING SUMMARISING NOTE-MAKING AND

29 29

II. the passage passage given given below below and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: II. Read Read the questions that 1. are adorable, adorable, shy shy and and stooped stooped creatures. creatures. When When threatened, curls up into aa 1. Pangolins Pangolins are threatened, this this pre-historic pre-historic mammal mammal curls up into ball, presenting covered in in overlapping scales so so tough, attack or or blows from an an axe. axe. ball, presenting aa hide hide covered overlapping scales tough, they they can can withstand withstand aa tiger tiger attack blows from Around 3,500 3,500 pangolins are boiled boiled alive in India India every about 10,000 10,000 worldwide from the Around pangolins are alive in every year, year, and and about worldwide according according to to the the data data from the UK based NGO Environmental Environmental Investigation Investigation Agency. Agency. UK based NGO 2. Its scales scales fetch fetch up ` 15,000 15,000 per in the They are ‘tonic’ in in traditional It is is 2. Its up to to T per kg kg in the market. market. They are used used as as aa 'tonic' traditional Chinese Chinese medicine. medicine. It the in India India and world. Yet is little little data on its its decline it is is largely largely ignored. ignored. the most most poached poached mammal mammal in and the the world. Yet there there is data on decline as as it 3. Similarly, other animals like like the Slender Loris Torpedo Barb also trapped and sold sold by by 3. Similarly, other animals the Slender Loris and and the the Red Red Line Line Torpedo Barb are are also trapped and the The Dugong Sea Cow Cow is is hunted for its its flesh, flesh, and and the first owlet is sought sought after for the thousands thousands as as exotic exotic pets. pets. The Dugong or or Sea hunted for the first owlet is after for its supposedly supposedly magical The Sea Sea Cucumber, is hunted and an an ingredient ingredient in in traditional its magical properties. properties. The Cucumber, which which is hunted as as aa delicacy delicacy and traditional Chinese South-East Asian Asian medicine, been wiped out in in many coast. The The Sea Sea Horse, Chinese and and South-East medicine, has has been wiped out many parts parts of of the the western western coast. Horse, traded traded in thousands as pets, dried dried curios and 'cure' the same on the the eastern coast. in thousands as aquarium aquarium pets, curios and ‘cure’ for for asthma, asthma, faces faces the same fate fate on eastern coast. 4. of this, this, the the large and powerful powerful animals the tiger, tiger, elephant, elephant, koala koala and and whale whale are given more more attention 4. In In spite spite of large and animals like like the are given attention and budgetary allotment. “With the bulk of endangered species, species, the conservation efforts at moving from one and budgetary allotment. "With the bulk of endangered the conservation efforts end end at moving them them from one list to another as as their and they become more This is is just cosmetic change since list to another their numbers numbers drop drop and they become more and and more more endangered. endangered. This just aa cosmetic change since it does any changes of real significance on on the says Shikhar Shikhar Niraj, TRAFFIC India, India, aa joint it does not not reflect reflect any changes of real significance the ground,” ground," says Niraj, head head of of TRAFFIC joint programme World Wide Wide Fund Fund for for Nature and the World Conservation Since 'celebrity' ‘celebrity’ animals animals like like the programme of of World Nature and the World Conservation Union. Union. Since the tiger tiger or elephant are are international international symbols symbols of Indian Wildlife, attention. This This is is bad bad news. or the the elephant of Indian Wildlife, they they tend tend to to hog hog public public attention. news. 5. As marine ecologist Deepak Apte puts it, “We may concern ourselves with the flagship species but it it is is the 5. As marine ecologist Deepak Apte puts it, "We may concern ourselves with the flagship species but the minutiae actually balance balance the it the Scavenger species, species, the Sea Cucumber Insectivorous Loris, Loris, minutiae that that actually the ecosystem. ecosystem. Be Be it the Scavenger the Sea Cucumber or or the the Insectivorous it is is these species that ecosystem healthy [DDE, 2017-18] 2017-18] it these species that keep keep the the ecosystem healthy and and clean.” clean." [DDE, 3.4.1. delicacy Q. 1. 1. On the basis basis of of the the above above passage, make 3.4.1. eaten eaten as as aa delicacy Q. On the of your your of passage, make 3.4.2. medcn. notes using using headings headings and and subheadings. subheadings. Use 3.4.2. ingr. ingr. in in chinse. chinse. medcn. notes Use recognisable abbreviations abbreviations wherever necessary. 3.5. Sea recognisable wherever necessary. 3.5. Sea Horse Horse Use format you consider suitable, 3.5.1. traded Use aa format you consider suitable, supply supply aa 3.5.1. traded as as aquarium aquarium pet pet 3.5.2. suitable title. (5 marks) 3.5.2. cure cure for for asthma asthma suitable title. (5 marks) 4. Need for consrvtn: 4. Need for consrvtn: Ans. Ans. Endangered Endangered Animals Animals 4.1. balance the the ecosystem 4.1. balance ecosystem 1. Animals often poached: poached: 1. Animals often 4.2. keep the the ecosystem healthy and and clean. 4.2. keep ecosystem healthy clean. 1.1. Pangolin 1.1. Pangolin Key to to Abbreviations Key Abbreviations 1.2. Slender Loris Loris 1.2. Slender 1.3. Red Line Torpedo Torpedo Barb Barb 1.3. Red Line S.No. Abbreviation Word Abbreviation S.No. Word 1.4. Sea-Cucumber 1.4. Sea-Cucumber 1. chinse. chinese chinse. Chinese 1. 1.5. Dugong 1.5. Dugong 2. medcn. 2. medcn. medicine medicine 2. Pangolin 2. Pangolin & 3. & and 3. and 2.1. shy stooped 2.1. shy stooped creature creature 4. consrvtn. conservation 4. consrvtn. conservation 2.2. ambles close close to to ground ground 2.2. ambles 5. ingr. ingredient 5. ingredient 2.3. beady 2.3. beady eyes eyes ingr. 2.4. looks furtively 2.4. looks furtively Q. 2. 2. Make short summary summary of the passage about 50 Q. Make aa short of the passage in in about 50 2.5. hide covered with with overlapping scales 2.5. hide covered overlapping scales words. (3 marks) words. (3 marks) 3. Reasons for poaching: 3. Reasons for poaching: (b) Summary: Animals like like Pangolin, Slender Loris, Loris, (b) Summary: Animals Pangolin, Slender Red Torpedo Barb, Barb, SeaSea- Cucumbers, Dugong, Red Line Line Torpedo Cucumbers, Dugong, 3.1. Pangolin 3.1. Pangolin Sea Horse are endangered endangered but but ignored. ignored. More Sea Horse etc. etc. are More 3.1.1. as aa tonic in chinse chinse medcn 3.1.1. used used as tonic in medcn budget is allotted to conserving large and powerful budget is allotted to conserving large and powerful 3.2. Loris & & Red Red Line Line Torpedo Barb 3.2. Loris Torpedo Barb animals like like tigers elephants. But But there is need animals tigers and and elephants. there is need 3.2.1. sold pets 3.2.1. sold as as pets to conserve these endangered animals animals as to conserve these endangered as they they 3.3. Dugong or Sea Sea Cow 3.3. Dugong or Cow balance the it healthy balance the ecosystem ecosystem and and keep keep it healthy and and 3.3.1. for flesh flesh 3.3.1. hunted hunted for clean. clean. 3.4. Sea Cucumber 3.4. Sea Cucumber III. the following following passage passage and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: III. Read Read the questions that 1. The mynah some apology apology for for his stockings, since since such such mustard-coloured 1. The mynah perhaps perhaps needs needs to to make make some his yellow yellow stockings, mustard-coloured understandings among small small birds, birds, pertaining and being being thus badge understandings are are not not usual usual among pertaining rather rather to to the the rapacious rapacious tribe, tribe, and thus aa badge of but respectability. atones for for his legs, feet, feet, and and face, face, by by the of anything anything but respectability. But But the the mynah mynah atones his yellow yellow legs, the exceedingly exceedingly decorous decorous plumage covers the objection can can be be to black hood, or the sober chocolate chocolate of of his body colour, colour, plumage which which covers the rest rest of of him; him; no no objection to his his black hood, or the sober his body or to to the the plain plain black, diversified with with white, white, of of his his quills quills and tail. or black, diversified and tail. 2. Nevertheless Nevertheless as our present present subject rather big equal in to any any 2. as aa starling starling our subject is is aa rather big and and showy showy bird, bird, being being certainly certainly equal in looks looks to of in Calcutta, Calcutta, none bear the shot silk silk sheen sheen of and purple starling, of his his relatives relatives in none of of which which bear the shot of green green and purple which which adorns adorns the the home home starling, also visitor to for this starling or or Mynahs are in in great force in in the is their and the common also aa visitor to India, India, for this starling Mynahs are great force the East, East, which which is their true true home, home, and the common Mynah is is aa good of the clan. Mynah good type type of the clan.

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

3. Bold, vigorous vigorous and and pushing, secures to large share share of all the in the of insects insects and 3. Bold, pushing, he he secures to himself himself aa large of all the good good things things in the way way of and fruit that be going, and is is aa bird bird of of remarkably all round in his fruit that may may be going, and remarkably all round abilities, abilities, though though not not particularly particularly graceful graceful in his movements. movements. On and walks extra spurt, spurt, albeit albeit there is aa swing swing in in his On the the ground ground he he runs runs and walks well, well, hopping hopping when when he he wants wants to to put put an an extra there is his gait gait which is not particularly particularly elegant. elegant. No No doubt, doubt, however, however, he he is proud of this, as geese, which which do do not not which is not is proud of this, as it it is is aa family family character; character; geese, not suffer from from excessive similar style style of of going, are known bare doubtable in their not suffer excessive modesty, modesty, have have aa similar going, are known to to bare doubtable pedestrians pedestrians in their quiet quiet way. way. 4. Mynah, other ground birds, is is nimble active in in aa tree as well; and his flight, though 4. Mynah, unlike unlike other ground birds, nimble and and active tree as well; and his flight, though not not remarkably remarkably fast, is is tolerant enough for for ease, feels sufficient sufficient confidence confidence in in it it to attempt aa little little insect-catching insect-catching fast, tolerant enough ease, and and he he feels to occasionally occasionally attempt on quarry has away from from him foot. When When he flies, he long yellow shanks to on the the wing, wing, when when his his quarry has got got away him on on foot. he flies, he tucks tucks up up his his long yellow shanks to his breast, showing showing conclusively birds which stow their legs this so by by custom, for his breast, conclusively that that birds which stow their legs this way way when when on on the the wing wing do do so custom, not not for convenience, for from from their size one better to stow them astern like like the convenience, for their size one would would think think that that he he would would do do better to stow them astern the paddy paddy bird bird and and other waders. waders. [DDE, other [DDE, 2017-18] 2017-18] the basis basis of of your reading of the above above passage, Q. 1. 1. On Q. On the your reading of the passage, 4.1. remrkbly fast 4.1. remrkbly fast make note note on on it it using using headings headings and and sub-headings. sub-headings. make 4.2. confident 4.2. confident Use recognisable abbreviations abbreviations (wherever Use recognisable (wherever 4.3. tucks shanks to breast 4.3. tucks yellow yellow shanks to breast necessary-minimum you consider necessary-minimum 4) 4) and and a a format format you consider 4.3.1. a custom 4.3.1. a custom suitable. supply an an appropriate appropriate title title to to it. suitable. Also Also supply it.  (5 marks) 4.3.2. not for (5 marks) 4.3.2. not for convenience convenience Ans. Mynah Ans. Mynah 1. Description of mynah: 1. Description of mynah: 1.1. sober choc. body body colour colour 1.1. sober choc, 1.2. yellow legs, & face 1.2. yellow legs, feet feet & face 1.3. black 1.3. black hood hood 1.4. black & & white white quills quills & & tail tail 1.4. black 1.5. bold and vigrs. vigrs. 1.5. bold and 2. Feeds on: 2. Feeds on: 2.1. insects 2.1. insects 2.2. fruit 2.2. fruit 3. Movements: 3. Movements: 3.1. not 3.1. not graceful graceful 3.2. runs & & walks walks well well on ground. 3.2. runs on ground. 3.3. hops extra spurt spurt 3.3. hops to to put put extra 3.4. swing in gait 3.4. swing in gait 4. Flight mynah: 4. Flight of of mynah:

Key to to Abbreviations Key Abbreviations S.No. S.No.

Abbreviation Abbreviation

Word Word

1. 1.

choc. choc.

chocolate chocolate

2. 2.

vigrs. vigrs.

vigorous vigorous

3. 3.

& &

and and

4. 4.

remrkbly. remrkbly.

remarkably remarkably

Q. 2. 2. Write summary of of the the above above passage about 50 Q. Write aa summary passage in in about 50 words. (3 marks) words. (3 marks) Ans. The mynah is aa bold bold and vigorous bird. bird. Ans. Summary: Summary: The mynah is and vigorous The body body colour is sober sober chocolate chocolate with The colour of of mynah mynah is with yellow legs, feet feet and and face. face. He black hood yellow legs, He has has aa black hood and black, black, diversified and tail. and diversified with with white, white, quills quills and tail. He feeds feeds on insects and and fruits. fruits. His He on insects His movements movements are not can run on are not graceful. graceful. He He can run and and walk walk well well on ground. fly fast fast though seems full full ground. He He does does not not fly though he he seems of confidence. confidence. of

IV the following following passage and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: IV.. Read Read the passage and questions that 1. The tests of life life are its plus factors. Overcoming illness and and suffering suffering moulds character. Steel Steel is is iron iron plus fire, soil soil 1. The tests of are its plus factors. Overcoming illness moulds character. plus fire, is rock Sometimes the factor is is more seen by by the simple-hearted. Myers story of is rock plus plus heat. heat. Sometimes the plus plus factor more readily readily seen the simple-hearted. Myers tells tells the the story of aa mother mother who brought into into her as aa companion companion to own sonson- aa little little boy boy with back. She She had son to who brought her home home -- as to her her own with aa hunch hunch back. had warned warned her her son to be careful, careful, not The boys boys were and after after aa few few minutes she overheard son say say to be not to to refer refer to to his his disability. disability. The were playing playing and minutes she overheard her her son to his his companion "Do you know know what what you you have have got got on on your your back?" was embarrassed, he could reply, companion “Do you back?” The The little little boy boy was embarrassed, but but before before he could reply, his continued, "It “It is is the box in in which are, and and some some day is going cut it it open and then his playmate playmate continued, the box which your your wings wings are, day God God is going to to cut open and then you you will fly away and be be an will fly away and an angel.” angel." 2. Often Often it takes aa third third eye eye or or aa change change in to see the plus plus factor. along the the corridors hospital 2. it takes in focus, focus, to see the factor. Walking Walking along corridors of of aa hospital recently struggling with fear of and tests, fresh perspective recently where where patients patients were were struggling with fear of pain pain and tests, II was was perturbed. perturbed. What What gave gave me me aa fresh perspective were sayings put everywhere, intended intended to saying made conscious of beauty of were the the sayings put up up everywhere, to uplift. uplift. One One saying made me me conscious of the the beauty of the the universe universe in the midst midst of of pain, pain, suffering and struggle. other saying assured me me that that God God was was with with me me when when II was was in deep in the suffering and struggle. The The other saying assured in deep water and that no no troubles troubles would would overwhelm me. water and that overwhelm me. 3. The import import of of those sayings also also made aware of of the springs that flow into into people’s lives when 3. The those sayings made me me aware the nectar nectar springs that flow people's lives when they they touch rock rock bottom are lonely or guilt guilt ridden. ridden. The nectar springs make recovery recovery possible, possible, and they bring peace and and touch bottom or or are lonely or The nectar springs make and they bring peace patience in the forces. patience in the midst midst of of negative negative forces. 4. death and and destruction destruction are more psychological psychological than than physical. physical. When When malice, malice, hatred hatred and hard 4. The The forces forces of of death are more and hard heartedness channeled as as forces forces of Where openness, and good heartedness prevail, prevail, they they get get channeled of destruction. destruction. Where openness, peace peace and good heartedness heartedness prevail, prevail, the forces of life gush forth to The life life force force is is triumphant love overcomes fear. Both fear the forces of life gush forth to regenerate regenerate hope hope and and joy. joy. The triumphant when when love overcomes fear. Both fear and love are are deep but the love is is to build, whereas fear tends is generally and love deep mysteries, mysteries, but the effect effect of of love to build, whereas fear tends to to destroy. destroy. Love Love is generally the the plus plus factor that helps helps build reach is [DDE, SQP 2017] factor that build character. character. It It creates creates bonds bonds and and its its reach is infinite. infinite. [DDE, SQP 2017]



NOTE-MAKING AND SUMMARISING SUMMARISING NOTE-MAKING AND

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Q. 1. 1. On the basis basis of of your reading of the above above 4.2. Overcome fear, build build charter 4.2. Overcome fear, charter Q. On the your reading of the passage, make make notes notes on points only, using passage, on it it in in points only, using Key to to Abbreviations Key Abbreviations abbreviations, wherever necessary. Also abbreviations, wherever necessary. Also suggest suggest aa suitable title. (5 suitable title. (5 Marks) Marks) Abbreviation S.No. Abbreviation Word S.No. Word Ans. The Tests Tests of Ans. The of Life Life 1. Charctr. Character Charctr. Character 1. 1. Necessity Tests of 1. Necessity of of the the Tests of Life: Life: 2. Pstvly. Positively 2. Pstvly. Positively 1.1. Illness & & suffering mould charctr. charctr. 1.1. Illness suffering mould 3. Psychlgcal. Psychological 3. Psychlgcal. Psychological 1.2. Simple hearted-view hearted-view disability disability pstvly. pstvly. 1.2. Simple 2. Change in 2. Change in focus focus 4. & and 4. & and 2.1. Sayings in hospital: 2.1. Sayings in hospital: Q. Write aa summary summary of of the passage in in not Q. 2. 2. Write the passage not more more than than 2.1.1. Awaken to to the the beauty universe amidst 2.1.1. Awaken beauty of of universe amidst 50 words, using the the notes notes you have made. made. 50 words, using you have pain & & suffering pain suffering (3 (3 Marks) Marks) 2.1.2. Makes us us realise realise the the presence presence of 2.1.2. Makes of God God Ans. Summary: The tests life like like illness illness and and suffering suffering Ans. Summary: The tests of of life 2.1.3. to overcome obstacles, 2.1.3. Give Give strength strength to overcome obstacles, build character. The simple simple hearted view build character. The hearted person person view 2.1.4. Bring peace peace 2.1.4. Bring disability as signs signs of disability as of hope hope and and the the presence presence of of God. God. 3. Forces of of Destruction: 3. Forces Destruction: A change in required to to give give us us strength A change in focus focus is is required strength 3.1. Not but psychic 3.1. Not physical physical but psychic & & psychlgcal. psychlgcal. to The forces forces of to overcome overcome obstacles. obstacles. The of destruction destruction 3.2. Malice, hatred hatred & & hard hard heartedness heartedness 3.2. Malice, can be overcome by the power power of of love good can be overcome by the love and and good 4. Forces 4. Forces of of Life: Life: heartedness. heartedness. 4.1. Regenerate hope hope & & joy joy 4.1. Regenerate V the following following passage carefully and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: V. Read Read the passage carefully questions that [a|T| 1. life, you’ll always come come across across situations situations where be someone someone else, better than someone 1. In In life, you'll always where there there will will be else, who’s who's better than you, you, someone who looks better, better, has is more intelligent than choose to approach these situations depends who looks has more more money money or or is more intelligent than you. you. How How you you choose to approach these situations depends on the the perspective perspective you you take. take. Rather Rather than than judging judging people people on on aa single getting intimidated, comfortable on single attribute attribute and and getting intimidated, be be comfortable with who who you you are are and other people people as as complete rather than than aa bundle of good good or or bad with and approach approach other complete individuals individuals rather bundle of bad attributes. attributes. 2. The key letting others intimidate you is to let your sense of it be be defined by 2. The key to to not not letting others intimidate you is to know know your your own own worth. worth. Don’t Don't let your sense of it defined by what of you compare yourself are, and and be be comfortable in your skin. what others others think think of you or or how how you you compare yourself to to them. them. Know Know what what you you are, comfortable in your skin. Instead of of feeling feeling threatened and letting letting your ego in in the could benefit benefit aa great by being being around Instead threatened and your ego the way, way, you you could great deal deal by around people people who be better better than in some some ways. for what and use learn from from who might might be than you you in ways. Respect Respect others others for what they they are are and use these these opportunities opportunities to to learn the strengths and of others. others. the strengths and virtues virtues of 3. bogged down by what or can't can’t do. We all limitations. Learn accept them and 3. Don’t Don't get get bogged down by what you you don’t don't have have or do. We all have have limitations. Learn to to accept them and focus on on your strengths. A A lot lot of come under from what believe to be more focus your strengths. of times, times, we we come under pressure pressure from what people people we we believe to be more popular popular and and influential than in aa bid fit in in with like these, it’s important important for for you stay true influential than us, us, in bid to to fit with them. them. However, However, at at times times like these, it's you to to stay true to to yourself yourself and say 'no' ‘no’ when expected to something that [DDE] and say when you’re you're expected to do do something that makes makes you you uncomfortable. uncomfortable. [DDE] Q. 1. 1. On the basis basis of of your reading of of the the passage make Q. On the your reading passage make 3.2. keep ego away 3.2. keep ego away notes on it, using using headings headings and and sub-headings. notes on it, sub-headings. Use Use 3.3. benefit from self self 3.3. benefit from recognisable abbreviations abbreviations (wherever necessaryrecognisable (wherever necessary 3.4. avail 3.4. avail opprtnts opprtnts minimum 4) 4) and and a a format format you consider suitable. minimum you consider suitable. 4. Learn 4. Learn to to accept accept Also supply an an appropriate appropriate title to it. it. (5 marks) Also supply title to (5 marks) 4.1. limitations 4.1. limitations Ans. TO LIFE Ans. RIGHT RIGHT APPROACH APPROACH TO LIFE 4.2. strengths 4.2. strengths 1. Right 1. Right perspective: perspective: Key to Abbreviations Key to Abbreviations 1.1. makes sitn. somewhat somewhat better better 1.1. makes sitn. Abbreviation S.No. Abbreviation Word S.No. Word 1.2. no set quality or std. to judge people 1.2. no set quality or std. to judge people 1.3. perspective 1.3. perspective matters matters 1. sitn. situation sitn. situation 1. 1.4. be comfortable with with what 1.4. be comfortable what you you have have 2. 2. std. standard std. standard 2. Know 2. Know your your 2.1. own 2.1. own worth worth 3. cmfrt comfort 3. cmfrt comfort 2.2. sense of self 2.2. sense of self 4. opprtnts. opportunities 4. opprtnts. opportunities 2.3. cmfrt zone zone 2.3. cmfrt Q. 2. Write summary of of the the above above passage in about about 50 50 Q. 2. Write aa summary passage in 3. Learn 3. Learn to to words. (3 marks) words. (3 marks) 3.1. be fearless 3.1. be fearless Ans. Summary: You will always find find people are better better than instead of of getting intimidated, feel feel comfortable comfortable Ans. Summary: You will always people who who are than you. you. But But instead getting intimidated, in your skin. your own own worth worth and do away away with with ego. ego. Respect Respect others others and those who who are in your skin. Know Know your and do and learn learn from from those are better better than you. you. The right perspective perspective is essential to to remain remain pressure-free pressure-free and than The right is essential and feel feel comfortable. comfortable. VI. the following following passage carefully and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: VI. Read Read the passage carefully questions that [a|7| 1. Reading is the section in in almost almost all scholastic, entrance and employment 1. Reading Comprehension Comprehension (RC) (RC) is the most most peculiar peculiar section all scholastic, entrance and employment tests. The skills skills in in RC lot of of difference in one’s chances of tests. The RC make make aa lot difference in one's chances of good good grades. grades. 2. Most Most students difficult to to tackle tackle topics topics that that are diverse from the field they are or from which they they are 2. students find find it it difficult are diverse from the field they are in in or from which are comfortable So one one needs for even even the and boring boring topic on this success comfortable with. with. So needs to to develop develop aa taste taste for the most most obscure obscure and topic on this planet. planet. For For success in RC one one should to understand understand it. even with with an an average average speed, one can can succeed the in RC should be be able able to it. And And even speed, one succeed if if one one implements implements the strategies. strategies.

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

3. speaking, RC be classified in aa few few categories. categories. Fact-based is the simplest and lot 3. Broadly Broadly speaking, RC passages passages can can be classified in Fact-based RC RC is the simplest and has has aa lot of information like like names, etc. One should read very fast fast without facts. Just Just mark of information names, numbers, numbers, etc. One should read very without memorising memorising any any facts. mark what what the the author is talking in each each paragraph. author is talking about about in paragraph. 4. Inference-based is the and includes includes topics like religion, spirituality, philosophy, etc. 4. Inference-based RC RC is the toughest toughest to to understand understand and topics like religion, spirituality, philosophy, etc. They are and should should be be read again. They are comfortable comfortable and read again again and and again. 5. Topic-based Topic-based RC includes passages any particular like economics, astrology, medical sciences etc. They 5. RC includes passages on on any particular topic topic like economics, astrology, medical sciences etc. They are and have Assume these be non-existent The key is not are difficult difficult and have technical technical terms. terms. Assume these terms terms to to be non-existent and and proceed. proceed. The key principle principle is not to to go line until line is is clear. clear. go to to the the next next line until the the previous previous line 6. first and is the strategy followed followed by by aa few few students. students. The The objective is 6. Reading Reading the the question question first and then then passage passage is the usual usual strategy objective is that seeing the carefully where answer is is that after after seeing the questions questions when when you you read read the the passage passage then then you you read read only only that that part part carefully where the the answer given. The flaw flaw with strategy is is that be able able to all the questions. Besides strategy given. The with this this strategy that you you will will not not be to remember remember all the questions. Besides this, this, this this strategy fails when Therefore, the best way attempt an an RC is to fails when there there are are questions questions that that require require understanding understanding of of the the passage. passage. Therefore, the best way to to attempt RC is to understand first, and and then answer the questions. [KVS Agra 2017] understand the the passage passage very very well well first, then to to answer the questions. [KVS Agra Region Region 2017] Q. 1. 1. On the basis basis of reading of of the the above above passage, passage, make make 4. Best Best way solve RC: 4. way to to solve RC: Q. On the of reading notes on on it only by by writing headings and and 4.1. Understand 4.1. Understand the the passage passage notes it in in points points only writing headings sub-headings. Use recognisable recognisable abbreviations abbreviations 4.2. Ans the 4.2. Ans the ques. ques. sub-headings. Use wherever necessary (minimum 4). Also give a a wherever necessary (minimum 4). Also give Key to Abbreviations Key to Abbreviations suitable title. (5 marks) suitable title. (5 marks) S.No. Word Abbreviation S.No. Abbreviation Word Ans. Comprehension Passages Passages Ans. Comprehension 1. Reading comprehension 1. Reading comprehension 1. diff. difference diff. difference 1. 1.1. 1.1. Most section Most peculiar peculiar section 2. RC reading 2. RC reading 1.2. 1.2. In In almost all tests almost all tests comprehension comprehension 1.3. 1.3. Makes lot of of diff. in getting Makes aa lot diff. in getting good good grades grades particlr. particular 3. particlr. particular 3. 2. Classification comprehension passages: 2. Classification of of comprehension passages: 2.1. Fact based passages 2.1. Fact based passages 4. ques. question 4. question ques. 2.1.1. 2.1.1. Simplest form of Simplest form of passages passages answer 5. ans. answer 5. ans. 2.1.2. Have lots of of information information 2.1.2. Have lots Q. 2. Draft a summary of the passage on basis of of Q. 2. Draft a summary of the passage on the the basis 2.2. Inference Inference based based RC 2.2. RC notes in about 50 words. (3 marks) notes in about 50 words. (3 marks) 2.2.1. Toughest form of of passages 2.2.1. Toughest form passages Ans. Summary: can be be found found Ans. Summary: Reading Reading Comprehension Comprehension can 2.2.2. 2.2.2. Based like religion, Based on on topics topics like religion, philosophy philosophy in almost all all the the tests tests and and makes makes aa remarkable remarkable in almost etc. etc. difference in grades. can difference in grades. Comprehension Comprehension passages passages can 2.3. Topic Topic based based RC 2.3. RC be classified classified into into fact-based fact-based passages, inferencebe passages, inference 2.3.1 Based 2.3.1 Based on on aa particlr particlr topic topic based passages based passages and and topic-based topic-based passages. passages. Usually, Usually, 2.3.2 Needs fair understanding 2.3.2 Needs fair understanding students first first look look at at the students the questions, questions, then then read read the the 3. strategy of students: 3. Usual Usual strategy of students: passage answer them. is not passage and and answer them. But But this this is not aa good good 3.1. look at at ques. ques. 3.1. First First look strategy. One and understand strategy. One must must read read and understand the the 3.2. Then read 3.2. Then read the the passage passage passage first and and then answer the questions. passage first then answer the questions. 3.3. strategy 3.3. Not Not aa good good strategy VII. the passage given below below and and answer answer the the questions follow :: VII. Read Read the passage given questions that that follow 1. In In order order to be aa developed students need be 1. to be developed country country and and to to keep keep pace pace with with other other progressive progressive nations, nations, our our students need to to be highly seen that faith in in aa professional is highly educated than in one one who is not highly educated. educated. II have have seen that we we have have more more faith professional who who is highly educated than in who is not academically bright. So So is is aa must for all all students. students. It It enhances enhances one’s skills and adds that extra zing zing to If you academically bright. must for one's skills and adds that extra to the the resume. resume. If you hold or aa doctorate an upper Specialisation makes hold aa master’s master's or doctorate degree, degree, you you obviously obviously have have an upper hand hand over over the the rest. rest. Specialisation makes you you more more aware, skills to situations. aware, knowledgeable knowledgeable and and analytical, analytical, thereby thereby enhancing enhancing your your judgemental judgemental skills to overcome overcome problematic problematic situations. 2. education also also offers better standard standard of of living. living. Students Students who opt for for higher better decision 2. Higher Higher education offers aa better who opt higher education education are are better decision makers as their is denser It broadens broadens one's one’s horizons by opening opening aa whole makers as their knowledge knowledge reservoir reservoir is denser than than the the rest. rest. It horizons by whole new new world world of immense information information and Along with education, students students need in for for skill-based skill-based professional of immense and growth. growth. Along with higher higher education, need to to go go in professional courses courses too. too. 3. Investing Investing in in higher education is is fruitful fruitful in in the long run as you stick to syllabus and and gain 3. higher education the long run as you don’t don't stick to prescribed prescribed syllabus gain aa vantage by reading books, especially vantage point point over over others. others. One’s One's knowledge knowledge reservoir reservoir reaches reaches aa zenith zenith by reading numerous numerous books, especially during during vocational or specialisation specialisation courses. courses. Teachers Teachers and and Principals support higher education. It It has become necessary for vocational or Principals support higher education. has become necessary for students to start earning earning early in life life however should not be at at the It depends students to start early in however that that should not be the cost cost of of higher higher education. education. It depends on on the the individuals too as how can balance balance various in tandem education. individuals too as how they they can various other other pursuits pursuits in tandem with with the the higher higher education. [KVS Silchar Region Region Q Q 2017]  [KVS Silchar 2017] (-) aa must. must. Q. 1. 1. On the basis basis of of your reading of the above above 1. Higher Higher education education (-) Q. On the your reading of the 1. passage, make make notes notes on it using using headings headings and and passage, on it 1.1. Devlping. 1.1. Devlping. nation nation needs needs trained trained human human sub-headings. Use recognisable recognisable abbreviations abbreviations sub-headings. Use resource. resource. wherever necessary. Suggest aa suitable wherever necessary. Suggest suitable title. title. 1.2. keep pace pace with with other progrsve nations. nations. 1.2. To To keep other progrsve  (5 marks) (5 marks) 1.3. Vital in the context. 1.3. Vital in the mod. mod. context. Ans. Ans. Higher Higher Education Education



NOTE-MAKING AND SUMMARISING SUMMARISING NOTE-MAKING AND

2. for higher education. 2. Need Need for higher education. 2.1. Enhances one’s skills. skills. 2.1. Enhances one's 2.2. Makes analytcl. 2.2. Makes one one knowledgeable knowledgeable & & analytcl. 2.3. Offers better std. std. of living. 2.3. Offers better of living. 2.4. Broadens one’s horizons. 2.4. Broadens one's horizons. 3. Advantages of of higher 3. Advantages higher education. education. 3.1. Fruitful in the long 3.1. Fruitful in the long run. run. 3.2. zenith. 3.2. Knowledge Knowledge reaches reaches aa zenith. 3.3. students earning earning early. early. 3.3. Helps Helps students 3.3.1. in voc. voc. course course 3.3.1. Esp. Esp. in 3.3.2. by specialisation specialisation courses 3.3.2. by courses Key to to Abbreviations Key Abbreviations S.No. S.No.

Abbreviation Abbreviation

Word Word

1. 1.

Devlping Devlping

Developing Developing

2. 2.

Progrsve Progrsve

Progressive Progressive

3. 3.

Mod. Mod.

Modern Modern

4. 4.

& &

And And

5. 5.

Analytcl Analytcl

Analytical Analytical

6. 6.

std. std.

Standard Standard

7. 7.

esp. esp.

especially especially

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8. voc. vocational 8. voc. vocational Q. Write aa summary passage in in 50 words using Q. 2. 2. Write summary of of the the passage 50 words using the notes notes made. made. (3 marks) the (3 marks) Ans. Summary: To keep Ans. Summary: To keep pace pace with with other other progressive progressive nations, students need be highly nations, our our students need to to be highly educated. educated. Higher education enhances skills and Higher education enhances one’s one's skills and makes analytical. It It offers offers makes one one knowledgeable knowledgeable and and analytical. better of living as it one's better standard standard of living also also as it broadens broadens one’s horizons. education is is the of the horizons. Higher Higher education the need need of the hour hour and fruitful in in the long run and fruitful the long run too. too.

VIII. Read Read the the following passage carefully carefully and questions that VIII. following passage and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: 1. Every living creature creature has called biological biological clock clock or circadian clock clock that its activities. activities. 1. Every living has aa time time machine machine called or circadian that regulates regulates its It animal when sleep, when slow down activities, it it also It tells tells men men or or animal when to to wake wake up up when when to to sleep, when to to slow down psychological psychological activities, also deals deals with with regulating of specific specific hormones at the It’s study study is is known as chronoregulating the the body body temperature temperature and and release release of hormones at the proper proper time. time. It's known as chronobiology’. biology'. 2. The human body clock completes over aa period period of hours. In the normal normal circumstances activities 2. The human body clock completes its its cycle cycle over of about about 24 24 hours. In the circumstances activities of In day-to-day life, one one never experiences the of this state because because the clock is is of nerve nerve cells cells drive drive the the clock. clock. In day-to-day life, never experiences the rhythms rhythms of this state the clock always influenced by by time cues in in the environment. always influenced time cues the environment. 3. These cues, called 'zeitgebers' ‘zeitgebers’ (a German word ‘time givers’) synchronise the solar 3. These cues, called (a German word meaning meaning 'time givers') synchronise the clock clock with with the the daily daily solar cycle. activity, social social behaviours behaviours are influence the is cycle. Daylight, Daylight, diet, diet, physical physical activity, are the the well-known well-known zeitgebers. zeitgebers. How How they they influence the clock clock is still unknown, but it it is is certain certain that all the interdependent. still unknown, but that all the cues cues are are interdependent. 3. conducted in in the late 1970s 1970s and 1980s in in Europe and the internal, selfself3. Experiments Experiments were were conducted the late and 1980s Europe and the US US to to prove prove the the internal, sustaining humans. During During the the experiment, which continued months, the the subject chooses when when he he or sustaining clock clock in in humans. experiment, which continued for for months, subject chooses or she she eats sleeps, but but no information is is given about time---no TV, no social contacts clock. It It emerged eats and and sleeps, no information given about time—no TV, no radio, radio, no no social contacts and and no no clock. emerged that subjects placed in such such an an environment environment do slip into into random but maintain like waking that subjects placed in do not not slip random habits habits but maintain aa routine routine like waking up up at at regular regular times. times. 4. Every Every person, person, to to an an extent, extent, has has an the mind. mind. That why counsellors not to to 4. an alarm alarm clock clock fitted fitted in in the That is is why counsellors suggest suggest students students not disturb exams as as it it disturbs If we and keep our routine disturb their their clock clock during during their their exams disturbs the the whole whole metabolism. metabolism. If we are are regular regular and keep our routine under under check for day–to–day [KVS Guwahati 2016] [KVS Guwahati Region Region Q Q 2016] check we we hardly hardly need need reminders reminders for day-to-day activities. activities. 4. Influence on students students 4. Influence on Q. 1. 1. On the basis basis of of your reading of the above above passage, On the your reading of the passage, Q. make notes notes using using headings headings and and subheadings. make subheadings. Use Use 4.1. Works Works as as alarm alarm clock clock in in mind 4.1. mind recognisable abbreviations abbreviations wherever necessary. recognisable wherever necessary. 4.2. Keeps check 4.2. Keeps their their routine routine under under check (5 Use a a format format you consider suitable. suitable. Use you consider (5 Marks) Marks) 4.3. No reminder needed 4.3. No reminder needed Ans. of Human Biological Clock Clock of Human Beings Beings Ans. Biological Key to to Abbreviations Key Abbreviations Circadian clock clock or or biolgcl. clock 1. Circadian biolgcl. clock Abbreviation S.No. Abbreviation Word S.No. Word 1.1. A A time living being's being’s activities. activities. 1.1. time machine machine regulates regulates living 1.2. Regulates our our body and hormones. hormones. 1.2. Regulates body activities activities and 1. biolgcl. Biological biolgcl. Biological 1. 1.3. It’s study known chrono-biology. 1.3. It's study known as as chrono -biology. 2. 2. influencd. Influenced influencd. Influenced 1.4. time cues. 1.4. Influencd Influencd by by time cues. 3. interdpndnt. Interdependent 3. interdpndnt. Interdependent 2. Zeitgebers Zeitgebers -– time time givers givers 2.1. with daily daily solar 2.1. Time Time cues cues synchronize synchronize with solar cycle. cycle. 4. environ. Environment 4. environ. Environment 2.2. D aylight, diet, activities known zeit2.2. Daylight, diet, physical physical activities known zeitQ. 2. 2. Write summary of of the the above above passage about 50 Write aa summary passage in in about 50 Q. gebers. gebers. words. Supply an appropriate title to it. (3 Marks) words. Supply an appropriate title to it. (3 Marks) 2.3. Influence Influence on on biological 2.3. biological clock clock unknown. unknown. 2.4. Interdpndnt. 2.4. Interdpndnt. Ans. Summary: body is is regulated by aa biological biological Our body regulated by Ans. Summary: Our clock or or circadian circadian clock. clock. 'Zeitgebers' ‘Zeitgebers’ (time clock (time givers) givers) 3. Experiment existence of biolgcl. Experiment to to prove prove the the existence of the the biolgcl. clock clock such as as daylight, social such daylight, diet, diet, physical physical activities activities and and social behaviours influence influence our our body body interdependently. interdependently. behaviours 3.1. ‘Time-free’ environ, environ. created 3.1. 'Time-free' created Experiments show that all activities Experiments show that people people do do their their all activities 3.2. All activities done done without knowing the the time. time. 3.2. All activities without knowing on time in a time-free environment. That’s why on time in a time-free environment. That's why 3.3. 3.3. Maintained Maintained routine. routine. counsellors advise students to regulate their counsellors advise students to regulate their 3.4. Thus, proved the the existence powerful body 3.4.  Thus, proved existence of of aa powerful body biological clock clock to biological to optimise optimise their their performance. performance. clock. clock.

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

IX. the following following passage passage carefully carefully and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: IX. Read Read the questions that 1. increasing human of the also increase. increase. But aren’t enough enough natural 1. With With the the increasing human population, population, the the needs needs of the people people also But there there aren't natural resources. So, we start recycling conserve them for the resources. So, we need need to to start recycling waste waste to to conserve them for the generations generations to to come. come. 2. Many Many products products such as paper, paper, cardboards, come from trees. We trees by recycling the the 2. such as cardboards, and and cups cups come from trees. We can can conserve conserve trees by recycling paper items should should be be reused paper products. products. Metal Metal items reused as as metal metal reserves reserves are are depleting. depleting. 3. also helps save energy. simply recycling an item item or or making basic fix fix to it, we can save save all all 3. Recycling Recycling waste waste also helps save energy. By By simply recycling an making aa basic to it, we can the been consumed consumed in in the of making it. The The same same example can be be taken the energy energy that that would would have have been the process process of making it. example can taken with with plastic plastic items. A A large large amount amount of of energy can be be saved saved by by simply simply reusing items. To To recycle is to simply reduce items. energy can reusing the the plastic plastic items. recycle waste waste is to simply reduce pollution. air pollution as well as water factories produce pollution. By By recycling recycling plastic plastic material, material, we we can can reduce reduce air pollution as well as water pollution. pollution. Plastic Plastic factories produce aa large large amount smoke while at the same time, if we we don’t amount of of smoke while producing producing plastic plastic material material at the same time, if don't have have aa proper proper waste waste disposal disposal system then those those waste waste emissions will cause water pollution. pollution. system then emissions will cause water 4. In In simple words, recycling recycling waste waste is essential for natural environment humans. Recycling Recycling minimises minimises the the 4. simple words, is essential for both both natural environment and and humans. need for raw so that can be be preserved. energy is is used when making need for raw materials materials so that the the rainforests rainforests can preserved. Great Great amounts amounts of of energy used when making products products from raw less energy and therefore from raw materials. materials. Recycling Recycling requires requires much much less energy and therefore helps helps to to preserve preserve natural natural resources. resources. One One needs needs to importance of of recycling, same time earth friendly friendly can can help better place to know know the the importance recycling, at at the the same time being being earth help make make our our planet planet aa better place to to live in. in. [KVS Ahmedabad 2016] live [KVS Ahmedabad Region Region Q Q 2016] Q. 1. 1. On the basis basis of of your reading of the above above passage, 4.2. conserve rainforests rainforests 4.2. To To conserve Q. On the your reading of the passage, make notes notes on headings and and submake on it it using using headings sub 4.3. To To conserve 4.3. conserve energy energy headings. (5 marks) headings. (5 marks) 4.4. planet 4.4. To To save save our our planet Ans. Ans. Recycling Recycling Waste Waste Key to to Abbreviations Key Abbreviations 1. Need for recycling 1. Need for recycling S.No. Abbreviation Word Abbreviation S.No. Word 1.1. Increase in human 1.1. Increase in human population population natrl. 1. natrl. natural 1. natural 1.2. Increased needs needs for natrl. resources resources 1.2. Increased for natrl. 1.3. Reusing items 1.3. Reusing items 2. consrv'ng. conserving 2. consrv’ng. conserving 1.4. Help in 1.4. Help in consrv'ng. consrv’ng. 3. prodctn. production prodctn. production 3. 2. Recycling Recycling wood wood and metal items 2. and metal items 4. poll' tn. pollution 4. poll’tn. pollution 2.1. our natural natural assets 2.1. Trees Trees -- our assets 2.2. Recycling of paper can help conserve trees 2.2. Recycling of paper can help conserve trees Q. Write aa summary summary of passage in in 50 50 words, words, Q. 2. 2. Write of the the above above passage using suggest aa suitable suitable 2.3. Reuse using the the notes notes made made and and also also suggest 2.3. Reuse of of metal metal -- aa must must title. (3 marks) title. (3 marks) 2.4. Metal reserves reserves depleting depleting 2.4. Metal Ans. Summary: in preserving Ans. Summary: Recycling Recycling waste waste helps helps in preserving 3. Save energy 3. Recycle Recycle -– Save energy natural for future future generations. natural resources resources for generations. Reuse Reuse 3.1. save energy energy to be used in prodctn 3.1. Can Can save to be used in prodctn of wooden, wooden, metal and plastic items saves saves energy, of metal and plastic items energy, 3.2. Reduces Reduces poll’tn poll' tn 3.2. conserves forests forests and and reduces air and conserves reduces air and water water 3.3. A check on air air and 3.3. A check on and water water pollution pollution pollution. If we don't start recycling today, our pollution. If we don’t start recycling today, our 4. Recycling :: aa must must 4. Recycling future generations be able able to survive and future generations may may not not be to survive and 4.1. For natural natural environment environment and humans 4.1. For and humans our planet will will become our planet become extinct. extinct.

X. Read Read the the following passage and questions that X. following passage and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: 1. Every code of etiquette has elements :: basic basic moral efficiency; 1. Every code of etiquette has contained contained three three elements moral duties; duties; practical practical rules rules which which promote promote efficiency; and artificial optional such as formal compliments say, superiors superiors on importance. and artificial optional graces graces such as formal compliments to to say, on their their generosity generosity and and importance. 2. first category, category, consideration for the and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians, 2. In In the the first consideration for the weak weak and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians, the the young young always stood in in the older people. Among the Tanzania, the bow as always stood the presence presence of of older people. Among the Mpongwe Mpongwe of of Tanzania, the young young men men bow as they they pass pass the the huts elders. In In England, century ago, children did sit in in their huts of of the the elders. England, until until about about aa century ago, young young children did not not sit their parents’ parents' presence presence without without taking permission. permission. taking 3. are helpful in such such ordinary ordinary occurrences occurrences of social life life as as making introductions at at parties 3. Practical Practical rules rules are helpful in of social making proper proper introductions parties or other that people people can to know know each each other. Before the the invention the folk, etiquette directed directed or other functions functions so so that can be be brought brought to other. Before invention of of the folk, etiquette that fingers should should be be kept as clean clean as before the came into into common common use, suggested that the the fingers kept as as possible; possible; before the handkerchief handkerchief came use, etiquette etiquette suggested that, after spitting, spitting, aa person should rub spit inconspicuously inconspicuously underfoot. that, after person should rub the the spit underfoot. 4. behaviour, however, cultivated as as an an art of gracious living, has been aa characteristic characteristic only 4. Extremely Extremely refined refined behaviour, however, cultivated art of gracious living, has been only of of societies with and leisure, leisure, which social equals of men. societies with wealth wealth and which admitted admitted women women as as the the social equals of men. 5. fourteenth and and fifteenth fifteenth centuries, centuries, aa wealthy leisured society society developed an extremely code 5. In In fourteenth wealthy and and leisured developed an extremely complex complex code of but the of behaviour behaviour of fashionable society society had little influence influence on on the life of of the lower classes. classes. of manners, manners, but the rules rules of of fashionable had little the daily daily life the lower Indeed of the such as as how banquet room, sword or for ceremonial ceremonial Indeed many many of the rules, rules, such how to to enter enter aa banquet room, or or how how to to use use aa sword or handkerchief handkerchief for purposes, irrelevant to of life life of who spent spent most life outdoors in his purposes, were were irrelevant to the the way way of of the the average average working working man man who most of of his his life outdoors or or in his own and most sword, to own poor poor hut hut and most probably probably did did not not have have aa handkerchief handkerchief certainly certainly not not aa sword, to his his name. name. 6. Yet the essential basis basis of all good vary. Consideration Consideration for for the and the 6. Yet the essential of all good manners manners does does not not vary. the old old and and the the weak weak and the avoidance of harming offence to is aa feature feature of societies everywhere everywhere and at all all levels levels avoidance of harming or or giving giving unnecessary unnecessary offence to others others is of all all societies and at from the highest highest to to the the lowest. You can can easily think of of dozens dozens of examples of habits in your own own daily daily life from the lowest. You easily think of examples of customs customs and and habits in your life [KVS, 2015] 2015] which which come come under under this this heading. heading. [KVS,



NOTE-MAKING AND SUMMARISING SUMMARISING NOTE-MAKING AND

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Q. 1. 1. On basis of your reading reading of of the the above above passage, Q. On the the basis of your passage, Key to to Abbreviations Key Abbreviations make notes notes using using headings headings and and sub-headings. Use make sub-headings. Use S.No. Abbreviation Word Abbreviation S.No. Word recognisable abbreviations, abbreviations, wherever necessary recognisable wherever necessary (minimum 4). Use format, if consider suitable. (minimum 4). Use format, if you you consider suitable. Consdr'tion. Consideration 1. Consdr’tion. Consideration 1. Also apply an an appropriate appropriate title title to to it. it. (5 marks) Also apply (5 marks) 2. Prac. Practical 2. Prac. Practical Ans. of Etiquettes Ans. Elements Elements of Etiquettes 3. Intro. Introduction Introduction 3. Intro. (1) moral duties: (1) Basic Basic moral duties: 4. 4. Dev. Developed 1.1. Consdr’tion. for the for age age Dev. Developed 1.1. Consdr'tion. for the weak weak and and respect respect for 1.2. Bowing before elders 1.2. Bowing before elders Q. Write aa summary in about 50 Q. 2. 2. Write summary of of the the above above passage passage in about 50 1.3. Not sitting in in front front of elders 1.3. Not sitting of their their elders words. (3 marks) words. (3 marks) (2) rules: (2) Prac. Prac. rules: Ans. Summary: code of of etiquette contains three Ans. Summary: Every Every code etiquette contains three 2.1. Proper intro. at at parties 2.1. Proper intro, parties elements basic moral elements :: basic moral duties, duties, practical practical rules rules 2.2. Keeping fingers clean 2.2. Keeping fingers clean and artificial include and artificial graces. graces. Basic Basic moral moral duties duties include 2.3. Cleaning spit underfoot 2.3. Cleaning the the spit underfoot consideration the weak weak and respect for consideration for for the and respect for age. age. (3) optional graces: graces: (3) Artificial Artificial optional Practical include etiquettes in ordinary ordinary Practical rules rules include etiquettes in 3.1. Dev. by wealthy leisured society society 3.1. Dev. by wealthy and and leisured occurrences of social life. life. The The third element occurrences of social third element 3.2. How enter aa banquet banquet room 3.2. How to to enter room includes rules and behaviour behaviour of includes rules and of wealthy wealthy and and 3.3. How sword or 3.3. How to to use use aa sword or aa handkerchief handkerchief fashionable society. society. fashionable XI. Read Read the passage carefully questions that XI. the passage carefully and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: 1. Heart Heart attacks become very very common common in in recent causing grave concern especially 1. attacks have have become recent times times causing grave concern especially to to the the medical medical fraternity. The The World World Health Health Organisation and the World Heart Federation (WHF) observe September September 24th 24th as as fraternity. Organisation (WHO) (WHO) and the World Heart Federation (WHF) observe the World Heart Day. the World Heart Day. 2. Dr. H.S. H.S. Wasir, and Medical Director, Batra and Medical lists four four 2. Dr. Wasir, Chief Chief Cardiologist Cardiologist and Medical Director, Batra Hospital Hospital and Medical Research Research Centre, Centre, lists main affect the lack of exercise, wrong cigarette smoking, smoking, main habits habits which which adversely adversely affect the heart heart health health -– lack of physical physical exercise, wrong eating eating habits, habits, cigarette excessive consumption and and stressful stressful lifestyle. lifestyle. excessive alcohol alcohol consumption 3. ‘‘Physical exercise,’’ says Dr. Wasir, "plays ‘‘plays aa major in achieving achieving aa long long and and healthy life in in general 3. "Physical exercise," says Dr. Wasir, major role role in healthy life general and and prevention attacks in in particular.’’ There are are several several studies studies showing showing that active people prevention of of heart heart attacks particular." There that physically physically active people have have higher higher longevity than sedentary or or physically inactive. It It is is the some longevity than those those sedentary physically inactive. the experience experience of of many many modern modern day day physicians physicians that that some patients angina (chest on physical patients of of angina (chest pain pain or or discomfort discomfort on physical or or mental mental exertion exertion or or after after meals) meals) do do get get relief relief with with regularly regularly done Brisk walking, swimming, golf carts, badminton badminton and are some some beneficial beneficial done physical physical exercise. exercise. Brisk walking, swimming, golf without without power power carts, and tennis tennis are physical stationary cycling cycling or and walking stairs are are some some other other physical exercises. exercises. Walking, Walking, stationary or walking walking on on aa treadmill treadmill and walking up up the the stairs alternatives. alternatives. 4. Best for brisk brisk walks be the early mornings before the flow picks and walking in the 4. Best time time for walks would would be the early mornings before the traffic traffic flow picks up up and walking in the parks parks with thick thick plantation. plantation. Jogging the roads roads with with heavy heavy traffic traffic should avoided as you will will be polluted with Jogging on on the should be be avoided as you be inhaling inhaling air air polluted with with the the toxins. toxins. 5. "Before ‘‘Before starting starting any any physical exercise programmes for the first time, fully evaluated by aa cardiologist, 5. physical exercise programmes for the first time, one one must must get get fully evaluated by cardiologist, so as as to any harm being done by exercise, exercise, if if there is serious serious underlying so to avoid avoid any harm being done by there is underlying heart heart disease disease needing needing treatment,’’ treatment," warns warns Dr. Wasir. Dr. Wasir. 4. Precautions: 4. Precautions: Q. 1. 1. Make notes on the above above passage passage in Q. Make notes on the in aa suitable suitable format. You You should use recognisable recognisable abbreviations abbreviations format. should use 4.1. 4.1. Avoid Avoid overcrowded overcrowded lift lift wherever necessary. Give suitable title title to to your wherever necessary. Give aa suitable your 4.2. jogging on on heavy heavy traffic traffic roads roads 4.2. Avoid Avoid jogging passage. (5 marks) passage. (5 marks) 4.3. Consult before any any physical exercise 4.3. Consult physn. physn. before physical exercise Ans. to Avoid Ans. How How to Avoid Heart Heart Attacks Attacks prog. prog. 1. World 1. World Heart Heart Day Day Key to to Abbreviations Key Abbreviations 1.1. Observed 24 Sept. Sept. 1.1. Observed on on 24 Abbreviation S.No. Abbreviation Word S.No. Word 1.2. Observed by WHO WHO and World heart 1.2. Observed by and World heart 1. hlth health hlth health Federation Federation 1. 2. Sept. September 2. September Sept. 2. Causes of heart att att by by Dr. 2. Causes of heart Dr. H.S. H.S. Wasir Wasir :: 3. cig. cigarettee 3. cigarettee dg 2.1. of physical exercise 2.1. Lack Lack of physical exercise physician 4. physn. 4. physn. physician 2.2. Wrong eating 2.2. Wrong eating habits habits programmes programmes 5. prog. 5. prog. 2.3. Smoking 2.3. Cig. Cig. Smoking Q. 2. 2. Write the passage passage based based on on your Q. Write aa summary summary of of the your 2.4. alcohol consumption consumption 2.4. Excessive Excessive alcohol reading. (3 marks) reading. (3 marks) 2.5. Stressful lifestyle. lifestyle. 2.5. Stressful Ans. Summary: To create create awareness awareness about increasing Ans. Summary: To about increasing 3. Exercise beneficial for for heart-hlth: heart-hlth: 3. Exercise beneficial heart and World World Heart heart problems, problems, the the WHO WHO and Heart 3.1. 3.1. Brisk Brisk walking walking Federation 24th September September as as the Federation has has observed observed 24th the 3.2. Swimming 3.2. Swimming World Day. Lack Lack of exercise, wrong World Heart Heart Day. of physical physical exercise, wrong eating habits, habits, cigarette cigarette smoking, alcohol eating smoking, excessive excessive alcohol 3.3. without power 3.3. Golf Golf without power carts carts consumption and and stressful stressful lifestyle lifestyle are are some some of consumption of 3.4. and tennis 3.4. Badminton Badminton and tennis the behind heart the reasons reasons behind heart attacks. attacks. Hence, Hence, physical physical exercise should be be done exercise should done regularly. regularly.

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

XII. Read the passage passage carefully carefully and and answer answer the the questions follow :: XII. Read the questions that that follow 1. The The small small village Somnathpur contains contains an an extraordinary built around around 1268 1268 A.D. A.D. by by one of the 1. village of of Somnathpur extraordinary temple temple built one of the most most prolific builders -– the of Karnataka. among their better-known works. While prolific temple temple builders the Hoysala Hoysala of Karnataka. Belur Belur and and Helebid Helebid are are among their better-known works. While these suffered during invasion of 14th century, Somnathpur temple stands more less intact. intact. The The small small these suffered during the the invasion of the the 14th century, the the Somnathpur temple stands more or or less temple sculpture, covering covering almost almost every every inch inch of even ceilings. ceilings. It It has shikaras temple has has detailed detailed sculpture, of the the walls, walls, pillars pillars and and even has three three shikaras and stands stands on on aa star-shaped star-shaped raised 24 edges. edges. The The outer outer walls of detailed and raised platform platform with with 24 walls have have aa profusion profusion of detailed carvings carvings the the entire surface run by carved stone. There There were by exquisite figures of of god and entire surface run over over by carved plaques plaques of of stone. were vertical vertical panels panels covered covered by exquisite figures god and goddesses, incarnations being being depicted. There were some carrying symbol goddesses, with with many many incarnations depicted. There were nymphs nymphs too, too, some carrying an an ear ear of of maize, maize, aa symbol of plenty and prosperity. The elaborate elaborate ornamentation, very characterisitc characterisitc of of Hoyasala sculptures was of plenty and prosperity. The ornamentation, very Hoyasala sculptures was aa remarkable remarkable feature. On closer look, look, the series of of friezes friezes on intricately carved carved caparisoned feature. On closer the series on the the outer outer walls walls revealed revealed intricately caparisoned elephants, elephants, charging horsemen, stylised flowers, flowers, warriors, crocodiles and and swans. swans. charging horsemen, stylised warriors, musicians, musicians, crocodiles 2. The The temple commissioned by by Soma Soma Dandanayaka Somnath (he village after after himself), 2. temple was was actually actually commissioned Dandanayaka or or Somnath (he named named the the village himself), the of the Third. The The temple built to versions of the minister minister of the Hoysala Hoysala king, king, Narasimha Narasimha the the Third. temple was was built to house house three three versions of Krishna Krishna -– Venugopala, Janardana and and Prasanna Keshava, though in their form. In In the of the Venugopala, Janardana Prasanna Keshava, though only only two two remain remain in their original original form. the darkness darkness of the sanctum there are are different different images. temple's sculptural perfection is the doors doors of of sanctum sanatorium, sanatorium, there images. The The temple’s sculptural perfection is amazing amazing including including the the elegantly carved the temple temple and and the the three three elegantly carved towers. towers. 3.2. Sculptural perfectn. perfectn. 3.2. Sculptural notes on on the above passage passage in in a a suitable Q. 1. Make Q. 1. Make notes the above suitable format. You You should should use use recognisable recognisable abbreviations abbreviations format. Every inch of walls walls -– carved 3.2.1. 3.2.1. Every inch of carved caparisoned caparisoned wherever necessary. Give aa suitable suitable title your wherever necessary. Give title to to your ng elephants, horsemen, stylised, elephants, charge charge118 horsemen, stylised, passage. (5 marks) passage. (5 marks) flowers, warriors, flowers, warriors, musicians, musicians, crocodiles crocodiles & & Ans. Temple Ans. Somnath Somnath Temple swans. swans. 1. Loc. Origin 1. Loc. & & Origin Key to Abbreviations Key to Abbreviations 1.1. Small Small village village of of Somnathpur Somnathpur 1.1. S.No. Abbreviation Word Abbreviation S.No. Word 1.2. C ommissioned by Soma Dandanayaka 1.2. Commissioned by Soma Dandanayaka locations 1. Loc. Loc. locations 1. or Somnath minister of Hoyasala king, king, or Somnath -- minister of Hoyasala Narashimha, Narashimha, III. III. 2. 2. perfectn. perfection perfection perfectn. ng 2. Original condition 2. Original condition 3. 3. charging charging chargeng charge 4. 4. reincarnations reinc. reinc. reincarnations 2.1. Three Three corridors corridors ending ending in in three shrines with 2.1. three shrines with three versions of three versions of Krishna Krishna 5. 5. and & & and 2.1.1. Venugopala Venugopala 2.1.1. Q. 2. Write aa summary of the Q. 2. Write summary of the passage passage based based on on the the 2.1.2. Janardana 2.1.2. Janardana above notes notes :: (3 marks) above (3 marks) 2.1.3. 2.1.3. Prasanna. Prasanna. Ans. Summary: Somnath temple is located located in in the small Ans. Summary: Somnath temple is the small 2.2. N ow only in original form 2.2. Now only two two in original form village of Somnathpur and was commissioned by village of Somnathpur and was commissioned by 3. Structural 3. Structural Details Details & & Scupltural Scupltural perfect perfect Soma Dandanayaka Somnath, the Soma Dandanayaka or or Somnath, the minister minister of of 3.1. Structure 3.1.Structure Hoyasala. Three corridors corridors end end in in three shrines with Hoyasala. Three three shrines with 3.1.1. Has Shikaras. 3.1.1. Has 33 Shikaras. three –Venugopala, Janaradana Janaradana three versions versions of of Krishna Krishna -Venugopala, 3.1.2. Stands on on aa star platform 3.1.2. Stands star shaped-raised shaped-raised platform and Prasanna It has shikharas with and Prasanna Keshava. Keshava. It has three three shikharas with with 24 with 24 edges. edges. intricate of of gods and goddesses, caparisoned intricate gods and goddesses, caparisoned 3.1.3. Vertical exquisite, Figures 3.1.3. Vertical panels panels :: exquisite, Figures of of Gods Gods elephants, charging flowers, warriors, warriors, elephants, charging horsemen, horsemen, flowers, & Goddesses Goddesses -– many many reinc reinc depicted. depicted. & musicians animals. The The temple musicians and and other other majestic majestic animals. temple 3.1.4. Nymphs -– some with an an ear ear of of maize maize 3.1.4. Nymphs some with is amazing amazing for for its its sculptural sculptural perfection. is perfection. (symbol (symbol of of plenty plenty & & prosperity) prosperity) and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: XIII. Read the passage carefully and XIII. Read the passage carefully questions that [a|T| When Lal Bahadur took over over charge charge as as the the Prime Prime Minister of the the most most populous populous democracy democracy in the world world in When Lal Bahadur Shastri Shastri took Minister of in the in June, 1964, 1964, he started with initial disadvantages. stepped into into the shoes of of aa colossus colossus like like Pandit Jawaharlal June, he started with many many initial disadvantages. He He had had stepped the shoes Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, commanded the affection of of the of India India and and was statesman. Even Mr. Shastri Shastri Nehru, who who commanded the affection the masses masses of was also also aa world world statesman. Even though though Mr. had been active active in in the life of for nearly four decades, visited any any foreign foreign country country had been the political political life of the the country country for nearly four decades, he he had had never never visited and was, figure in in important important world capitals. He succeeded to and was, therefore, therefore, not not aa well-known well-known figure world capitals. He succeeded to the the Prime Prime Ministership Ministership of of the the country at aa time time when when it was plagued plagued by many serious problems. Rising Rising prices, prices, food tendencies country at it was by many serious problems. food shortage, shortage, fissiparous fissiparous tendencies in the ranks ranks of of the the ruling ruling party party and and in parts of of the the country Nagaland, Punjab Punjab and Kashmir and in the in several several parts country like like Nagaland, and Kashmir and India's India’s defeat by China few problems. The nation crisis of of confidence. confidence. India’s international defeat by China were were just just aa few problems. The nation was was passing passing through through aa crisis India's international prestige and its its relations its neighbours low. This This was India which Shastri inherited inherited from from prestige and relations with with its neighbours had had gone gone very very low. was the the India which Mr. Mr. Shastri his illustrious predecessor and he in many opposite of latter. A A simple simple Indian Indian rustic been his illustrious predecessor and he was was in many aspects aspects the the exact exact opposite of the the latter. rustic had had been asked to step into into the shoes of of aa world A modest, self-effacing man operated from from the asked to step the shoes world citizen. citizen. A modest, self-effacing man who who had had operated the wings wings had had been pushed on to the the centre of the the stage to replace replace aa glamorous glamorous popular popular hero hero who had the the aura of long established been pushed on to centre of stage to who had aura of long established leadership about him. him. The problems he he was was expected to grapple grapple with with were were enough to break the back of the the most most leadership about The problems expected to enough to break the back of tenacious and determined but Mr. Shastri weathered storm with abundant rugged common sense sense and and tenacious and determined man man but Mr. Shastri weathered the the storm with his his abundant rugged common almost impartible calmness. almost impartible calmness.



Q. 1. 1. On the basis basis of of your reading of of the the passage passage Q. On the your reading make notes notes on using recognised recognised abbreviations abbreviations make on it, it, using wherever necessary. Supply an appropriate appropriate title title to to wherever necessary. Supply an the passage. (5 marks) the passage. (5 marks) Ans. Ans. Lal Lal Bahadur Bahadur Shastri Shastri Notes Notes :: 1. As Prime Minister 1. As Prime Minister 1.1. Took Took charge after Pandit Jawahar Lal Lal Nehru. 1.1. charge after Pandit Jawahar Nehru. 1.2. 1.2. In In June June 1964. 1964. 2. Faced 2. Faced issues issues like like :: 2.1. Stepped Stepped into into the shoes of colossus like like Pt. 2.1. the shoes of colossus Pt. Nehru. Nehru. 2.2. Had never never visited 2.2. Had visited any any forgn, forgn, country. country. 2.3. Not fig. in in world capitals. 2.3. Not aa well well known known fig. world capitals.

NOTE-MAKING AND SUMMARISING SUMMARISING NOTE-MAKING AND

5. 5.

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4.1. replace aa glamorous glamorous pplr pplr hero hero 4.1. To To replace 4.2. To To grapple 4.2. grapple with with the the problems problems Won over issues Won over issues :: 5.1. with strong commonsense commonsense 5.1. with abundant abundant strong 5.2. with trans’ble trans'ble calmness calmness 5.2. with Key to to Abbreviations Key Abbreviations

S.No. S.No.

Abbreviation Abbreviation

Word Word

1. forgn. foreign forgn. foreign 1. 2. fig. figure 2. figure fig3. int’nal. international 3. int'nal. international 4. pplr. popular 4. pplr. popular 5. trans’ble. transmissible 5. trans'ble. transmissible Q. 2. 2. Write of the based on the Q. Write aa summary summary of the passage passage based on the 3. Indian situation :: 3. Indian situation above notes. notes. (3 marks) above (3 marks) 3.1. food shortage shortage 3.1. Facing Facing food Ans. Shastri became Minister Ans. Summary Summary :: Mr. Mr. Shastri became the the Prime Prime Minister 3.2. 3.2. Rising Rising prices prices of India India after stepped into into the of after Pt. Pt. Nehru. Nehru. He He had had stepped the 3.3. in various various states states 3.3. Fissiparous Fissiparous tendencies tendencies in shoes of of aa popular leader. He shoes popular leader. He was was not not aa well-known well-known 3.4. confidence 3.4. Nation Nation passing passing through through crisis crisis of of confidence figure in in world foreign figure world nor nor had had he he visited visited any any foreign 3.5. Int’nal low low prestige 3.5. Int'nal prestige countries. Additionally, Additionally, India India was countries. was plagued plagued with with many serious problems. But he faced the problems many serious problems. But he faced the problems 4. Expectation from Lal 4. Expectation from Lal Bahadur Bahadur Shastri Shastri :: with overcame them. with calmness calmness and and overcame them. XIV.. Read Read the passage and questions that XIV the given given passage and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: 1. Good is the soundness of body, mind soul. It It develops creativity and and ensures welfare of of society. society. 1. Good health health is the soundness of body, mind and and soul. develops creativity ensures the the welfare If suffers from from aa disease, only for for that but for for the body, mind If aa person person suffers disease, he he needs needs treatment treatment not not only that particular particular disease disease but the whole whole body, mind and soul. Thus, Thus, aa doctor sound approach approach towards and soul. doctor has has to to have have aa sound towards the the patient. patient. 2. Nowadays, Nowadays, doctors doctors cure patients only only for their immediate diseases. Such an approach approach goes goes against against the the old old 2. cure patients for their immediate diseases. Such an proverb is better better than cure. Dr. insight into into the overall causes causes of of diseases suggests proverb -– Prevention Prevention is than cure. Dr. Hegde Hegde provides provides insight the overall diseases and and suggests preventive like exercising, and anti-alcoholic preventive methods methods like exercising, yoga, yoga, meditation, meditation, diet diet regulation, regulation, anti-smoking anti-smoking and anti-alcoholic habits. habits. 3. stresses the importance of laughter because because laughter laughter induces induces secretion secretion of catecholamines which 3. Hegde Hegde stresses the importance of laughter of catecholamines which are are hormones by the adrenal gland. They are is angry, but beneficial if he laughs. hormones produced produced by the adrenal gland. They are harmful harmful while while aa person person is angry, but beneficial if he laughs. 4. avoid stress, needs to to lead relaxed life. relaxation, is 4. To To avoid stress, everyone everyone needs lead aa relaxed life. The The best best form form of of relaxation, is sound sound sleep. sleep. "Restful ‘‘Restful sleep sleep at our batteries batteries for for the following day’s fruitful endeavours,’’ says Hegde. is lying lying on on bed bed and at night night will will recharge recharge our the following day's fruitful endeavours," says Hegde. If If one one is and tossing sleep, it it is is better better to or engage engage oneself in some some light light mental activity. Never seek refuge in alcoholic alcoholic tossing without without sleep, to read read or oneself in mental activity. Never seek refuge in drinks sleeping pills. of sleep sleep aa day is sufficient. sufficient. More 10 hours of sleep sleep aa day drinks or or sleeping pills. Eight Eight hours hours of day is More than than nine nine to to 10 hours of day would would produce produce increased muscle loss in in the body and and might even shorten shorten one’s life. increased muscle protein protein loss the body might even one's life. 5. The The author author stresses stresses on on balanced balanced diet and daily in these fitness 5. diet and daily exercise exercise and and the the dangers dangers of of over-exercising over-exercising in these days days of of fitness mania. mania. Q. On the your reading of the passage, Q. 1. 1. On the basis basis of of your reading of the above above passage, 5. Addiction 5. Addiction :: make notes notes on using recognisable recognisable abbreviations abbreviations make on it it using 5.1. Excess of drinking; smoking. 5.1. Excess of drinking; smoking. wherever necessary. Give title to the wherever necessary. Give aa suitable suitable title to the 5.2. with addicts. addicts. 5.2. Sympathise Sympathise with passage. (5 marks) passage. (5 marks) 5.3. Help 5.3. Help them them kick kick their their habits. habits. Ans. Ans. Good Good Health Health Key to to Abbreviations Key Abbreviations 1. Definition of good good health health :: 1. Definition of S. No. No. Abbreviation S. Abbreviation Word Word 1.1. Soundness Soundness of of body, body, mind soul. 1.1. mind and and soul. 1.2. Disease free body body 1.2. Disease free tr’tment. treatment 1. 1. tr'tment. treatment 2. Doctor's approach diseases :: 2. Doctor’s approach towards towards diseases 2. imp. importance 2. imp. importance 2.1. Cure disease. 2.1. Cure immediate immediate disease. regular 3. reg. regular 3. reg. 2.2. Curing trtment in isolation. isolation. 2.2. Curing trtment in 4. rlx'tion. relaxation 4. rlx’tion. relaxation 3. Dr. approach :: 3. Dr. Hegde’s Hegde's approach of the above passage based on Q. 2. 2. Write Q. Write aa summary summary of the above passage based on 3.1. Insight into into overall simple and 3.1. Insight overall causes causes of of simple and your notes. (3 marks) your notes. (3 marks) serious disease serious disease Ans. Summary: Good health is the soundness of body, Ans. Summary: Good health is the soundness of body, 3.2. Treating illness illness without 3.2. Treating without medicines medicines mind and soul. soul. Nowadays, mind and Nowadays, doctors doctors treat treat patients patients 3.3. Stressing upon imp. of laughter 3.3. Stressing upon the the imp. of laughter for their immediate diseases. But Dr for their immediate diseases. But Dr Hegde Hegde 3.4. Advocates Advocates reg. reg. yoga yoga and and meditation meditation 3.4. suggests preventive methods like exercising, yoga, suggests preventive methods like exercising, yoga, 3.5. Stress on on right 3.5. Stress right type type of of diet diet meditation, diet regulation, anti-smoking and meditation, diet regulation, anti-smoking and 4. Importance of sleep 4. Importance of sleep :: anti-alcoholic habits. Laughter and and right amount anti-alcoholic habits. Laughter right amount 4.1. Best form of 4.1. Best form of rlxtion rlxtion of sleep sleep also in relaxing of also helps helps in relaxing aa person. person. OverOver4.2. Only Eight Eight hours hours sleep 4.2. Only sleep exercising should should be be avoided. exercising avoided. 4.3. More sleep harmful 4.3. More than than eight eight hours hours sleep harmful

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

XV . Read the passage carefully and and answer answer the that follow follow :: XV. Read the passage carefully the questions questions that [a|T| 1. Improving Improving English live in in an an English speaking community or not. 1. English depends depends on on whether whether you you live English speaking community or not. If If you you hear hear English English speaking everyday, advantage. However, it is is often language poured speaking everyday, you you have have an an advantage. However, it often confusing confusing to to have have the the whole whole language poured over over you you at Ideally, aa step-by-step step-by-step course should lead lead up experience. It if you at once. once. Ideally, course should up to to this this experience. It will will also also help help aa great great deal deal if you can can easily easily get get the sort of of interesting interesting English books. the sort English books. 2. especially, outside ‘set books' books’ or ‘text books' books’ is is essential. books in in 2. Reading, Reading, especially, outside the the examination examination 'set or the the 'text essential. Read Read as as many many books English as you can, not but for for pleasure. Do not books but but what is likely likely to interest English as you can, not as as aa duty duty but pleasure. Do not choose choose the the most most difficult difficult books what is to interest you. it is is not look up in the as that interest you. Ensure Ensure that that it not too too hard; hard; that that you you have have to to look up new new words words in the dictionary, dictionary, as that deadens deadens interest and learning. Look but try from and checks checks real real learning. Look up up aa word word here here and and there, there, but try to to push push ahead, ahead, guessing guessing what what words words mean mean from the It is is extensive and not intensive reading interested in in extra extra reading the context. context. It extensive and not intensive reading that that normally normally helps helps you you to to get get interested reading and and thereby improves your You should should enjoy enjoy the feeling which extensive reading of having some command command thereby improves your English. English. You the feeling which extensive reading gives, gives, of having some over language. As As you become more familiar with and sentence sentence patterns already know, over the the language. you read read you you will will become more familiar with words words and patterns you you already know, understanding better as as you in more understanding them them better you meet meet them them in more contexts. contexts. 3. Some people say that can learn learn to speak aa language language better better with with the book. In In learning learning the 3. Some people say that we we can to speak the help help of of aa book. the patterns patterns and form, we are learning learning to spoken form form too. and vocabulary vocabulary of of the the written written form, we are to aa considerable considerable extent extent of of the the spoken too. Q. 1. 1. On the basis basis of of your reading of the above above passage, 3.2. sent. pattern learning. Q. On the your reading of the passage, 3.2. Words Words and and sent, pattern learning. make notes notes on it using using recognisable recognisable abbreviations abbreviations make on it 3.3. Spkn and and written lang. -– go in hand. 3.3. Spkn written lang. go hand hand in hand. wherever necessary (minimum 4). Also an wherever necessary (minimum 4). Also supply supply an appropriate title title to to it. appropriate it. Key to to Abbreviations Key Abbreviations  (5 marks) (5 marks) S. No. No. Abbreviation S. Abbreviation Word Word Ans. to Improve Ans. How How to Improve English English Language Language Skill Skill 1. Eng. English English 1. Eng. N otes :: Notes

2. Lang. 2. Lang. Language Language Necessary steps :: Necessary steps Diff. 3. Diff. Different 3. Different 1.1. Living Living in in an speaking community. community. 1.1. an Eng. Eng. speaking 1.2. Mixing speaking people. 1.2. Mixing with with Eng. Eng. speaking people. 4. 4. Sentnce. Sentence Sentnce. Sentence 1.3. Getting books of interest. 1.3. Getting Eng. Eng. books of interest. Spkn. Spoken 5. Spkn. Spoken 5. 1.4. Reading books for for pleasure. 1.4. Reading books pleasure. Q. Write aa summary summary of of the (3 marks) the above above passage. passage. (3 marks) Q. 2. 2. Write 2. Need for a a general general policy 2. Need for policy :: Ans. Summary: Improving English on whether Ans. Summary: Improving English depends depends on whether 2.1. lot 2.1. Reading Reading aa lot lives in in an an English-speaking area. A A stepstepaa person person lives English-speaking area. 2.2. for extensive 2.2. Need Need for extensive reading reading by-step process should be be followed followed to learn English. by-step process should to learn English. 2.3. Listing and and learning learning new Reading English English books pleasure improves Reading books for for pleasure improves aa 2.3. Listing new words words person’s language. However, easy books books should should be be person's language. However, easy 2.4. Adopting real learning 2.4. Adopting real learning selected otherwise the interest will be lost. Spoken selected otherwise the interest will be lost. Spoken 3. Views 3. Views on on learning learning aa lang lang :: and written language go in hand. and written language go hand hand in hand. 3.1. lang. 3.1. Command Command over over lang. XVI. the passage passage carefully carefully and and answer answer the the questions that follow: follow: XVI. Read Read the questions that 1. According According to based Wildlife Society, if if immediate immediate corrective corrective measures 1. to the the New New York York based Wildlife Conservation Conservation Society, measures are are not not taken, taken, the Tiger will be extinct by the 2000. The The reason is that several East-Asian and South-East South-East Asian Asian countries countries hunt the Tiger will be extinct by the year year 2000. reason is that several East-Asian and hunt for tiger bones. With With the in China Taiwan virtually smugglers are are concentrating concentrating on on for tiger bones. the tiger tiger population population in China and and Taiwan virtually wiped wiped out, out, smugglers poaching in India and Nepal, of the The population poaching tiger tiger in India and Nepal, where where half half of the world’s world's tiger tiger population population dwells. dwells. The population of of the the tiger tiger has sharply from from 4,334 4,334 in in 1989 1989 to 3,750 in in 1993. 1993. One is poached every day. If this has declined declined sharply to 3,750 One tiger tiger is poached every day. If this continues, continues, the the next next generation be able able to see them. generation will will not not be to see them. 2. Three decades India launched launched 'Project ‘Project Tiger' Tiger’ covering covering nine 2. Three decades ago, ago, India nine national national parks. parks. Initially Initially the the project project was was successful. However, in the last few few years, systematic killing of tigers by poachers led to sharp decline. successful. However, in the last years, the the systematic killing of tigers by poachers has has led to aa sharp decline. Even Even Kailash Sankhalu, architect architect of ‘Project Tiger', Tiger’, has of the Illegal trade in the species is is Kailash Sankhalu, of 'Project has turned turned aa critic critic of the project. project. Illegal trade in the endangered endangered species flourishing in in China and Taiwan Taiwan for for tiger like aphrodisiacs. flourishing China and tiger derived derived medicines medicines like aphrodisiacs. 3. The "Bagh “Bagh Bachao Andolan” launched launched by by several several organisations ‘Save Tiger Tiger Campaign’ back on on 3. The Bachao Andolan" organisations has has put put the the 'Save Campaign' back the awareness campaign is the of the There are, are, of course, laws laws against against poaching but their the rails. rails. Public Public awareness campaign is the need need of the hour. hour. There of course, poaching but their enforcement is difficult. is required like China and Taiwan Taiwan where enforcement is difficult. International International campaign campaign is required to to put put pressure pressure on on countries countries like China and where trade bones and and skin skin is is flourishing flourishing despite an official ban. The The nexus between poachers like Sansar Sansar Chanda and trade of of tiger tiger bones despite an official ban. nexus between poachers like Chanda and Veerappan and the law enforcing agencies should should also also be be broken. broken. Veerappan and the law enforcing agencies Q. 1. 1. Make notes on on the the basis basis of of your your reading reading of of the the 2. Steps taken taken to to save save the the tiger tiger :: 2. Steps Q. Make notes above passage. Use recognisable recognisable abbreviations abbreviations above passage. Use 2.1 Launching of 'Project ‘Project Tiger'. Tiger’. 2.1 Launching of wherever necessary. Also an appropriate appropriate wherever necessary. Also supply supply an 2.2 Bagh Andolan. 2.2 Bagh Bachao Bachao Andolan. title to to it. (5 marks) title it. (5 marks) 3. Failure Project Tiger Tiger :: 3. Failure of of Project Ans. Tigers Ans. Save Save Tigers 3.1 Syst’ic by poachers. 3.1 Syst'ic killing killing by poachers. 1. Extinction of Tigers Tigers :: 1. Extinction of 3.2 Insatiable for tiger 3.2 Insatiable demand demand for tiger derived derived med. med. 1.1 Hunger for tiger bones in in East Asian and 1.1 Hunger for tiger bones East Asian and 3.3 forests are are becoming becoming killing fields 3.3 Protected Protected forests killing fields South-East Asian Asian countries. countries. South-East for tigers. for tigers. 1.2 Activities of smugglers smugglers in in India. India. 1.2 Activities of

1. 1.



4. 4.

NOTE-MAKING AND SUMMARISING SUMMARISING NOTE-MAKING AND

Steps to to improve improve the the situation situation :: Steps 4.1 Laws be enfrcd, enfrcd, strictly strictly 4.1 Laws to to be 4.2 Police be made aware, 4.2 Police to to be made aware, 4.3 Efforts should be be made countries to 4.3 Efforts should made to to press. press, countries to coordinate coordinate

3. 3.

Enfrcd. Enfrcd.

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Enforced Enforced

4. Press. Pressurize 4. Press. Pressurize Q. Write aa summary summary of of the the above above passage passage using using the the Q. 2. 2. Write notes made made by by you (3 marks) notes you :: (3 marks) Ans. Summary: The population is on Ans. Summary: The population of of tigers tigers is on the the verge verge of extinction. This is is due for tiger of extinction. This due to to the the demand demand for tiger Key to Abbreviations Key to Abbreviations bones in in China Taiwan. Steps Steps like like 'Project ‘Project bones China and and Taiwan. S. No. No. Abbreviation S. Abbreviation Word Word Tiger’ and and 'Bagh ‘Bagh Bachao Andolan’ were successful Tiger' Bachao Andolan' were successful initially, but is aa need for international international initially, but there there is need for 1. Syst’ic Systematic 1. Syst'ic Systematic cooperation, strict strict enforcement laws and cooperation, enforcement of of laws and public public 2. Med. Medicines 2. Med. Medicines awareness. awareness. XVII. the passage passage carefully carefully and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: XVII. Read Read the questions that 1. Much before medical science discovered it, Readers is the Best 1. Much before medical science discovered it, Readers Digest Digest came came out out with with the the prescription–’Laughter prescription-'Laughter is the Best Medicine’. and magazines in good Medicine'. Newspapers Newspapers and magazines regularly regularly run run humour humour columns columns to to keep keep the the readers readers in good health. health. Reading Reading light articles, be satirical, satirical, comic comic or of work-a-day Some pieces light articles, whether whether they they be or just just humorous, humorous, relieves relieves the the tedium tedium of work-a-day world. world. Some pieces may even tickle may even tickle one’s one's grey grey matter. matter. 2. Laughing for for ten for two According to laughter is is aa good 2. Laughing ten minutes minutes helps helps you you with with pain pain for two hours. hours. According to US US researchers, researchers, laughter good antidote stress. Facial instruct the brain to ‘feel good’. antidote to to stress. Facial muscles muscles instruct the brain to 'feel good'. 3. laughter deepens breathing, improves improves blood blood circulation, circulation, speeds speeds up 3. According According to to aa French French doctor, doctor, laughter deepens breathing, up the the process process of and stabilises stabilises many body functions. functions. It It acts acts as as aa power side effects. effects. Laughter Laughter stimulates stimulates of tissue tissue healing, healing, and many body power drug drug with with no no side production beta-endorphins, aa natural in the body and and improves improves digestion. It helps avoid digestive production of of beta-endorphins, natural pain pain killer killer in the body digestion. It helps avoid digestive disorders and ulcers. disorders and ulcers. 4. In In France, France, you can hire ‘jovialist’ who cracks jokes 4. you can hire aa 'jovialist' who cracks jokes to to make make you you dissolve dissolve your your worries. worries. However, However, although although laughing is is aa good exercise, laughing laughing at at others others expenses, expenses, particularly is aa bad bad test and is is to be avoided. avoided. laughing good exercise, particularly at at their their disabilities disabilities is test and to be Secondly, laughing laughing with with food food in in the is dangerous as the food stuff stuff can into the and may Secondly, the mouth mouth is dangerous as the food can get get into the wind wind pipe pipe and may choke choke the the digestive system. digestive system. 5. Eating any way, is aa serious serious business business to be trifled by aa jocular Laughter comes best when it is is free free 5. Eating any way, is to be trifled with with by jocular diversion. diversion. Laughter comes best when it of encumbrances, whether it is is constricting food or boss. of encumbrances, whether it constricting food or the the need need to to humour humour the the boss. Q. 1. 1. Make notes on on the the basis basis of your reading reading of of the the 4.1 Laughg 4.1 Laughg at at others. others. Q. Make notes of your above passage. Use abbreviations abbreviations wherever above passage. Use wherever 4.2 Laughg 4.2 Laughg at at disabilities disabilities of of people. people. necessary. Also an appropriate appropriate title title to to it. necessary. Also supply supply an it. 4.3 Laughg food in in mouth. 4.3 Laughg with with food mouth. (5 marks) (5 marks) Ans. Ans. Laughter—The Laughter—The Best Best Medicine Medicine Key Key to to Abbreviations Abbreviations Or Or S. No. Abbreviation S. No. Abbreviation Word Word Laughter—Today’s Laughter—Today's Need Need Stimulates Stmltes 1. Stmltes 1. Stimulates 1. Laughter–The medicine :: 1. Laughter-The Best Best medicine Production Prodn. 2. Prodn. 2. Production 1.1 Help 1.1 Help to to keep keep good good health. health. 3. 3. Dissolving Dslvng. Dslvng. Dissolving 1.2 Relief from day’s 1.2 Relief from day's work. work. 4. 4. Laughing Laughg. Laughing Laughg. 1.3 Good antidote for for stress. stress. 1.3 Good antidote 5. 5. Disabilities Disablts. Disablts. Disabilities 2. Benefits of laughter 2. Benefits of laughter :: Q. Write aa summary Q. 2. 2. Write summary of of the the above above passage passage using using the the 2.1 Tone body sys. sys. and facial muscles. 2.1 Tone up up body and facial muscles. notes made made by by you. (3 marks) notes you. (3 marks) 2.2 No side effects effects 2.2 No side Ans. Summary: Laughter is is the best medicine. It helps Ans. Summary: Laughter the best medicine. It helps to to 2.3 Stmltes of beta-endorphins beta-endorphins 2.3 Stmltes prodn prodn of reduce stress and and pain, body system, system, reduce stress pain, tones tones up up the the body 2.4 Deepens breathing 2.4 Deepens breathing deepens breathing, improves improves blood blood circulation deepens breathing, circulation 2.5 Speeds 2.5 Speeds up up tissue tissue healing healing and digestion, speeds up and and digestion, speeds up the the healing healing process process and 3. Laughter as, a a career career :: 3. Laughter as, has side effects. effects. But shouldn’t laugh laugh at has no no side But we we shouldn't at the the 3.1 Jovialist 3.1 Jovialist cracks cracks jokes. jokes. expense of others others or at their expense of or at their disabilities disabilities or or while while 3.2 Helps in dslvng 3.2 Helps in dslvng worries. worries. eating. eating. 4. When avoid laughing 4. When to to avoid laughing :: XVIII. the passage carefully and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: XVIII. Read Read the passage carefully questions that 1. Gandhiji freedom along along with 1. Gandhiji had had taken taken up up the the work work of of achieving achieving political political freedom with the the establishment establishment of of truth, truth, nonnonviolence, equality, universal brotherhood and and freedom freedom for for all. In the struggle, the fight was violence, unity, unity, peace, peace, equality, universal brotherhood all. In the political political struggle, the fight was against against aa foreign foreign power, but in in establishing establishing the social order of his be aa conflict conflict between between classes own power, but the social order of his pattern, pattern, there there would would be classes of of our our own people. A new cannot be be established established without changing the of men and unless people. A new order order cannot without changing the attitude attitude of men towards towards property property and unless the the ‘haves’ have ‘have-nots.’ 'haves' have to to yield yield place place to to the the 'have-nots.' 2. The root cause of of class class conflict conflict is is the acquisitive instinct. instinct. If our ideal ideal is is to achieve maximum satisfaction, 2. The root cause the acquisitive If our to achieve maximum material material satisfaction, possessiveness is neither suppressed nor but grows it feeds. feeds. possessiveness is neither suppressed nor eliminated eliminated but grows on on what what it 3. egalitarianism is is to endure it it has be based based not on the of material but on voluntary, 3. If If egalitarianism to endure has to to be not on the possession possession of material goods goods but on voluntary, enlightened cannot be be shared shared by by others can be be enjoyed enlightened renunciation renunciation of of those those goods, goods, which which cannot others or or can enjoyed only only at at the the expenses expenses of of

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

others. This calls for substitution substitution of spiritual values for purely ones. The The paradise of material satisfaction, that others. This calls for of spiritual values for purely material material ones. paradise of material satisfaction, that is sometimes sometimes equated spells peace shown us is equated with with progress progress these these days days neither neither spells peace nor nor progress. progress. Mahatma Mahatma Gandhi Gandhi has has shown us how how the acquisitive instinct instinct inherent inherent in in aa man could be be transmitted by the ideas of by those the acquisitive man could transmitted by the adoption adoption of of the the ideas of trusteeship trusteeship by those who who z ‘have’ for for the benefit of of all so that, instead of leading to and conflict, it would become 'have' the benefit all those those who who ‘have have not’ not' so that, instead of leading to exploitation exploitation and conflict, it would become aa means and incentive incentive for for the society respectively. means and the amelioration amelioration and and progress progress of of society respectively. Q. 1. 1. On the basis basis of reading of the passage make 4.2 4.2 Egalitarian order can be achieved by: Egalitarian order can be achieved by: Q. On the of your your reading of the passage ,, make notes on using recognizable recognizable abbreviations abbreviations notes on it it using 4.2.1 renunciation self-interests; 4.2.1 renunciation of of self-interests; wherever necessary. Use suitable format. format. Supply wherever necessary. Use aa suitable Supply 4.2.2 including spiritualism. 4.2.2 including spiritualism. an appropriate appropriate title. title. (5 marks) an (5 marks) 5. Gandhiji’s of trusteeship 5. Gandhiji's ideals ideals of trusteeship :: Ans. and Works. Ans. Gandhiji Gandhiji Ideals Ideals and Works. z 5.1 Benefit of ‘have-nots.’ 5.1 Benefit of have-nots.z 1. Two Tasks Tasks of of Gandhi 1. Two Gandhi :: 5.2 End conflicts. 5.2 End of of exp’tion exp'tion of of conflicts. 1.1 Estblshmnt. social order 1.1 Estblshmnt. of of new new social order :: Key to to Abbreviations Key Abbreviations 1.1.1 Based and non-violence 1.1.1 Based on on truth truth and non-violence 1.1.2 Egalitarian society. 1.1.2 Egalitarian society. S. No. No. Abbreviation S. Abbreviation Word Word 1.2 pol. freedom. 1.2 pol. freedom. 1. Estblshmnt. Establishment Establishment Estblshmnt. 1. 2 Achievement Pol. freedom freedom :: 2 Achievement of of Pol. 2. Pol. Political 2. Political Pol. 2.1 An easier task; 2.1 An easier task; requires requires :: & 3. & And 3. And 2.1.1 Fight against aa foreign foreign power 2.1.1 Fight against power 2.1.2 Mass 2.1.2 Mass upsurge upsurge 4. Diff. 4. Diff. Different Different 3 Estblshmnt of a a New 3 Estblshmnt of New Social Social Order Order :: 5. Exp’tion. Exploitation Exploitation Exp'tion. 5. 3.1 Involves conflict with 3.1 Involves conflict with :: the above above passage passage in 50 words Q. 2. 2. Write Q. Write aa summary summary of of the in 50 words 3.1.1 3.1.1 Own Own people; people; using the the notes notes made made by by you. (3 marks) using you. (3 marks) 3.1.2 3.1.2 Diff. Diff. groups groups Ans. Summary: achieve political Ans. Summary: Gandhiji Gandhiji wanted wanted to to achieve political 3.2 New is possible 3.2 New order order is possible only only when when :: and social social freedom, freedom, based based on on truth, and truth, non-violence, non-violence, 3.2.1 attitudes of 3.2.1 Mind Mind & & attitudes of the the people people changes; changes; unity, equality and and brotherhood. brotherhood. But unity, peace, peace, equality But this this z 3.2.2 sacrifice their interests for for 'have‘have3.2.2 ‘have’ havez sacrifice their interests could lead lead to conflict between between classes classes of of our our own could to conflict own nots.’ nots/ people. This new is possible if the people. This new order order is possible only only if the Possessiveness–the root cause cause of all evils evils :: 44 Possessiveness-the root of all materialism is replaced by spiritualism spiritualism and and the materialism is replaced by the 4.1 4.1 Materialism Materialism gives birth to gives birth to possessiveness. possessiveness. ‘haves’ are ‘have-nots’. 'haves' are generous generous towards towards the the 'have-nots'. XIX. the passage carefully and and answer answer the the questions that follow follow :: XIX. Read Read the passage carefully questions that 1. At At the end of of the Second World War, Japan Japan was its economy in ruins of its its factories factories 1. the end the Second World War, was defeated, defeated, its economy was was in ruins with with much much of and by bombing. bombing. Until 1952, it it was occupied by by Allied and housing housing were were destroyed destroyed by Until 1952, was occupied Allied troops troops under under the the command command of of General General Mac Arthur. Arthur. For For the first three Americans had forbidden Japan Japan from from having armed forces forces gave it aa democratic Mac the first three years, years, the the Americans had forbidden having armed gave it democratic constitution and focused focused on its economy. 1948, the American attitude changed as as the constitution and on restoring restoring its economy. But But during during 1948, the American attitude gradually gradually changed the Cold Cold War War developed. developed. 2. and Kuomintang Kuomintang crumbled crumbled in in China. They felt felt aa strong strong need for an an ally ally in in South-East South-East Asia Asia and began to 2. Europe Europe and China. They need for and began to encourage Japanese economic From 1950, 1950, industry industry developed and by by 1953 1953 production encourage Japanese economic recovery. recovery. From developed rapidly rapidly and production had had reached reached aa high level. American American occupying forces were in April 1952, though some troops for defence high level. occupying forces were withdrawn withdrawn in April 1952, though some troops remained remained for defence purposes. purposes. 3. Japanese goods into American favourable terms and the supplied aid 3. Japanese goods were were allowed allowed into American markets markets on on favourable terms and the USA USA supplied aid and and equipment. An economically economically healthy Japan meant buffer against in South-East South-East Asia. Asia. equipment. An healthy Japan meant aa buffer against communism communism in 4. The The Korean brought orders orders for for military equipment and and supplies supplies and American firms firms began began to cooperate 4. Korean war war brought military equipment and American to cooperate with Japanese. The The alliance enabled it it to invest money in industry industry instead instead of of defence. with the the Japanese. alliance with with the the U.S.A. U.S.A, enabled to invest money in defence. 5. Keeping and government low, Japan Japan ploughed back all all their into its its industries. industries. 5. Keeping wages wages and government expenditure expenditure low, ploughed back their profits profits into Japanese products were very competitive in in the Japanese products were very competitive the world world market. market. 6. Japan’s farmers farmers were benefited by by the land reforms implemented by by aa series series of stable governments. 6. Japan's were benefited the land reforms implemented of stable governments. Hence, Japan took strides in in its its economic Hence, Japan took giant giant strides economic progress. progress. Q. 1. 1. On the basis basis of of your reading of of the the passage, passage, make make Q. On the your reading notes on using recognizable recognizable abbreviations abbreviations notes on it it using wherever necessary. Use suitable format. format. Supply wherever necessary. Use aa suitable Supply an appropriate appropriate title. title. (5 marks) an (5 marks) Ans. Giant Striders in Japan’s Economy Ans. Giant Striders in Japan's Economy 1. Japan’s disastrous in World World War II 1. Japan's disastrous defeat defeat in War II 1.1 Economy in ruins 1.1 Economy in ruins 1.2 Factories and houses in bombing. bombing. 1.2 Factories and houses destroyed destroyed in 1.3 Armed forces crushed crushed 1.3 Armed forces 1.4 America forced Japan: Japan: 1.4 America forced 1.4.1 Not an army. army. 1.4.1 Not to to maintain maintain an

1.4.2 To To have const. 1.4.2 have aa democratic democratic const. 2. Cold American attitude: attitude: Cold War War changed changed American 2.1 Kuomintang in China. 2.1 Kuomintang defeated defeated in China. 2.2 Needed ally in in S.E. S.E. Asia. Asia. 2.2 Needed an an ally 2.3 Encouraged Japanese Econ. by :: 2.3 Encouraged Japanese Econ. recovery recovery by 2.3.1 withdrawing American forces forces 2.3.1 withdrawing American 2.3.2 Giving Giving favourable favourable terms Jap. goods in 2.3.2 terms of of Jap. goods in U.S.A. U.S.A. 2.3.3 supplying supplying aids aids and and equip. 2.3.3 equip. 3. Japan–A Buffer State Against Japan-A Buffer State Against Communism Communism :: 3.1 Korean War helped 3.1 Korean War helped ::



NOTE-MAKING AND SUMMARISING SUMMARISING NOTE-MAKING AND

3.1.1 America to Japan 3.1.1 America to cooperate cooperate with with Japan 3.1.2 To supply supply military equip 3.1.2 To military equip 3.2 alliance Japan: 3.2 alliance with with the the USA USA helped helped Japan: 3.2.1 invest money in indust. indust. 3.2.1 to to invest money in 3.2.2 become aa healthy 3.2.2 to to become healthy economy economy 4. 4.

Japan became became an an industrial industrial giant Japan giant :: 4.1 Japan 4.1 Japan Planned Planned :: 4.1.1 Low Low Govt, Govt. expenditure 4.1.1 expenditure 4.1.2 Ploughed in indust. indust. 4.1.2 Ploughed profits profits in 4.1.3 Competitive 4.1.3 Competitive rates rates 4.1.4 Land Land reforms 4.1.4 reforms 4.2 Stable brought fantastic fantastic eco. 4.2 Stable govts. govts, brought eco. progamme. progamme.

41 41

Key to Abbreviations Kev to Abbreviations S. Abbreviation Word S. No. No. Abbreviation Word Constitution 1. Const. Constitution 1. Const. 2. 2. equip. Equipments equip. Equipments 3. Eco. Economic 3. Eco. Economic 4. 4. Jap. Japanese Japanese Jap. 5. Govt. Government 5. Govt. Government 6. indus. Industry/industries 6. indus. Industry/industries Q. On the of the write aa Q. 2. 2. On the basis basis of the above above passage, passage, write summary not more more than than 50 50 words. marks) summary in in not words. (3 (3 marks) Ans. Summary: Japan’s economy by Ans. Summary: Japan's economy was was destroyed destroyed by bombing in in World World War Americans did bombing War II. II. Americans did not not allow allow it to army for for three after the it to have have an an army three years. years. But But after the Cold War and War, American American forces forces were Cold War and Korean Korean War, were withdrawn and production increased. withdrawn and industrial industrial production increased. Japan’s economy American Japan's economy developed developed due due to to American cooperation, reforms and and stable governments. cooperation, land land reforms stable governments.

Commonly Made Error

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The The most commonly made include not and not attention to most commonly made mistakes mistakes include not reading reading the the passage passage thoroughly thoroughly and not paying paying attention to



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The The next big mistake is not ‘key-words’ in in the is important important to next big mistake is not noting noting the the 'key-words' the passage. passage. Identification Identification of of key-words key-words is to



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While substituting words for phrases and clauses, appropriate form form of of the should be be used. For ! While substituting words for phrases and clauses, the the appropriate the word word should used. For



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details. This leads leads to of the context. details. This to unclear unclear understanding understanding of the context.

decide and bring bring out out the summary. decide the the main main thrust thrust of of the the passage passage and the summary.

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example, if the substitution requires form of of aa word, verb form form can example, if the substitution requires the the adjectival adjectival form word, then then using using the the noun noun or or the the verb can be fatal. fatal. be precis-writing. They used prudently. prudently. PPunctuations unctuations are are very very important important in in summarisation summarisation or or precis-writing. They should should be be used grammar should during the the note-making note-making stage that no no corrections need be Spellings Spellings and and grammar should be be checked checked for for during stage so so that corrections need be implemented during summary or implemented during the the summary or precis precis writing. writing. J While providing providing aa title title for the summary/precis, relate it to the the context of the the passage. passage. Too While for the summary/precis, students students should should relate it to context of Too much emphasis emphasis on on making making it catchy might might lead to making making the the blunder of it not related related to to the the context. context. [ much it catchy lead to blunder of it being being not

Answering Tips Answering Tips

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W hile answering Summary (Precis Writing), it it is is important important to While answering questions questions related related to to Note-making Note-making and and Summary (Precis Writing), to read read the the

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passages and grasp be, the should be be read and re-read passages properly properly and grasp their their meanings. meanings. If If need need be, the passage passage should read and re-read aa number number of of times ensure that every part it is is clear student. times to to ensure that every part of of it clear to to the the student. Next, it is is important important to important points in the With practice, can be be done at the Next, it to underline underline the the important points in the passage. passage. With practice, this this can done at the same time as the is being being read. same time as the passage passage is read. The underlined should be be summed summed up as separate separate bulleted bulleted points. The underlined portions portions should up as points. Thereafter, the students should should read bulleted points so that are sure sure that are adequate adequate in in Thereafter, the students read the the bulleted points so that they they are that those those points points are providing of the There should should not be any any ambiguity or lack lack of in meaning providing the the gist gist of the passage. passage. There not be ambiguity or of clarity clarity in meaning anywhere. anywhere. While summarising the bullets, one should be be mindful shorten the sentences as as much by While summarising the bullets, one should mindful to to shorten the sentences much as as possible possible by substituting clauses clauses and and phrases with words similar meanings. substituting phrases with words conveying conveying similar meanings. Beginners are also advised advised to calculate the average number by them in each each line line and and then Beginners are also to calculate the average number of of words words written written by them in then to to calculate the lines required summary based based on line. calculate the number number of of lines required to to write write the the precis precis or or summary on the the average average words words per per line. The average average word-limit sentence should should be be between between five five to The word-limit per per sentence to ten ten words. words. Students are advised to columns with such that cells in in the so formed formed Students are advised to draw draw columns with pencil pencil such that the the total total number number of of cells the table table so exactly in the summary. Then Then they should write exactly match match the the maximum maximum permissible permissible words words in the summary. they should write one one per per cell cell to to achieve the limit. achieve the maximum maximum word word limit. Lastly, students students should should ensure correctness of spellings, contextual contextual use substituting words and grammatical Lastly, ensure correctness of spellings, use of of substituting words and grammatical correctness. correctness.

j

I [

nnn

Independent clause(main)

Dependent clause(subordinating)

Section-Si Section -B (Grammar)

Future

► Second Level

►Third Level

Trace the the Mind Map Trace First First Level 

Past

Noun clause Adverb clause Adjective clause Noun ( act acts as an an adverb) (act actss as a noun) ( acts (actss as an adjective)

Present

® form ® Simple -4> Will/shall+ Will/shall+ Verb I form Simple —> Verb II form Was/Were+ Will/shall be be+ Continuous ® Was/Were+ Continuous ® Will/shall + Verb I form + + ing +Verb Perfect ® —» Will have/shall have/shall have + + Verb III form +ing Perfect continuous® Will have been ® Perfect —» Had Had + + Verb III form +Verb + Verb I form + + ing Perfect continuous ® Had been Had +since/for+ + since/for+ time +Verb ing+ + Verb I form + + ing+ since/for+ time since/for+



® Verb I form form + s/es Simple + s/es Am/is/are + Continuous ® Am/is/are + Verb I form + + ing Perfect ®> Have/has + + Verb III form Perfect continuous ® Have/has continuous—> been+ ing+ ing+ been+ since/for+ since/for+ time



42 42 Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI



GRAMMAR GRAMMAR

Oswaal Grammar Charts Quick Analysis of Tenses Indefinite/ Simple

Tense r Past

Continuous

Perfect

Future

Continuous

11 v2

was / were + Vj +

had + V3

ing

Present

Perfect

had been +

ing + since / f o r

Vi / Vi + (s / es) With singular subject of III person

is / am / are /

will / shall + Vj

will b e / shall be

will have /

will have / shall

+

shall have + V 3

have + been +

has / have + V3

Vl + ing

has I have + been +

+ ing

+ since / for + time

+ ing

ing + since / for + time

< ___)

+

43 43

44 44

Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

Oswaal Grammar Charts Tenses Tenses Present Tense Present Tense To express habits or general truth.

Simple / Indefinite Indefinite

To indicate aa future future event on a designated as part designated date date as part of of aa plan plan or or arrangement. arrangement. With action' verbs: With 'mental 'mental action' verbs: like, like, love, love, want, need, need, believe, believe, etc. etc. S +V s+ v1o+ O

Affirmative Affirmative Negative Negative

a book every II do not not read read a every day. He He does not not read read a book every every day.

Interrogative Interrogative

Do ? bo II read read aa book every every day day ? Does ? boes he h e read read a a book book every every day day ?

To at To indicate action a c t i o n going on at Affirmative Affirmative the t h e time t i m e of of speaking.

Progressive / Progressive/ Continuous Continuous

To action To indicate temporary temporary a ction which which may may not not be b e happening happening at speaking at the t h e time t i m e of o f speaking with action w i t h a habitual a c t i o n verb and and are indicated with with expressions like l i k e 'at ' a t this this moment' moment' these days' days' etc. S + (is/am/are) + (V S + (is/am/are) + (Vj+ing+O) 1+ing+O) To action To indicate past past a c t i o n which is not is n o t defined defined by by aa time t i m e of of occurence.

Perfect Perfect

To an aaction To indicate an c t i o n which started in and has started i n the t h e past past and has continued until u n t i l now. S + (have/has) + + V33 + +O S + O

am not II am not reading a book. She a book. S h e is is not reading a They They are not not reading books.

Interrogative Interrogative

Am A m II reading reading aa book book ?? Is sshe ? Is h e reading reading aa book book ? Are ? A r e they they reading books ?

Affirmative Affirmative

II have read read this t h i s book. She S h e has has read read this t h i s book. They They have read read this t h i s book.

Negative Negative

not II have n o t read read this t h i s book. She S h e has has not not read read this t h i s book. They not They have n o t read read this t h i s book.

Interrogative Interrogative

Have ? Have II read read this t h i s book ? Has ? Has sshe h e read read this t h i s book ? Have Have they they read read this t h i s book ?

Affirmative Affirmative

II have have been been reading this t h i s book since morning. since She S h e has has been reading this t h i s book since morning. since They They have have been been reading the the books since morning.

Negative Negative

II have have not not been been reading this this book since since morning. She S h e has has not not been reading this this book since since morning. They They have have not not been been reading the the books since morning.

To an aaction To indicate an c t i o n which past and may past and may or o r may may not not be be complete. S + (have/has) + S + (have/has) been been + +O O ++ since since // for ((V1+ing ing)) + for

Interrogative Interrogative

S = Subject,

am reading a book. II am She S h e is is reading a book. They are reading books. They are

Negative Negative

started at at some ppoint started o i n t in in the the

PerfectPerfect Continuous Continuous

II read read a book every every day. day. He He reads a book everyday.

V = Verb,

Have Have II been been reading this t h i s book since morning ?? since Has Has sshe h e been been reading this t h i s book since morning ? since morning ? Have Have they they been reading the the books since since morning ??

O = Object



GRAMMAR GRAMMAR

Oswaal Grammar Charts Tenses Tenses Past Tense Past Tense Affirmative Affirmative

Simple // Simple Indefinite Indefinite

Progressive / Progressive/ Continuous Continuous

To a past To indicate indicate a past habit-or habit-or an action action already an already completed. completed. Negative Negative

a book yesterday. yesterday. II did did not not read read (V (VJ1) a She yesterday. She did did not not read read (V (VJ1) a book yesterday.

Can be used with Can be used with or or without without Did yesterday ?? D i d II read read (V (VJ 1) a book yesterday adverbs adverbs of of time time Interrogative Interrogative S +V +O Did ) a book yesterday ?? S+ V22 + O D i d she s h e read read (V (VJ yesterday 1 To To indicate indicate uncompleted uncompleted action action of of the the past past (With (With or or without without time time reference) reference)

Affirmative Affirmative

a book in the II was reading reading a the morning. You were a book in the were reading reading a the morning.

Negative Negative

II was not not reading aa book in i n the the morning. You not You were were n o t reading reading a a book book in in the t h e morning.

To To indicate indicate persistent persistent habits habits of always, of the the past past (with (with always, continuously, forever, forever, etc.) etc.) Was Was II reading reading a book in the the morning ?? Interrogative S + was/were + (V +ing) +O O Interrogative S+ was/were + (Vj+ing) + 1 Were you reading Were you reading a book in the the morning ?? Affirmative Affirmative To To indicate indicate aa completed completed action past that a c t i o n of o f the t h e past that happened happened before before another event event took t o o k place. place. S + had + V33 ++ O S + had + O

Perfect Perfect

yesterday. II read read ((V V2) aa book yesterday. She yesterday. h e read read (V ( V2) a book yesterday.

a book yesterday. yesterday. II had had read read (V ( V 3) a You yesterday. You had had read read (V ( V3)) aa book book yesterday.

Negative Negative

Interrogative Interrogative

yesterday. II had had not not read read (V (V 3) a book yesterday. You (V3)) aa book yesterday. You had had not not read read (V book yesterday. Had a book yesterday yesterday ?? Had II read read a Had yesterday ?? Had they they read read a book yesterday

a book since since II had had been reading a Affirmative Affirmative

PerfectPerfect Continuous Continuous

To To indicate an an action a c t i o n in i n the the past that a past that began began before before a certain certain point p o i n t in i n the t h e past past and continued up untill and up u ntill Negative Negative that that time. time. S + had + S + had been been + (V1+ing) ++ O O ++ Since (Vi+ing) Since, // for for

morning. rnornin

9-

You had a book since since had been reading a morning.

not been reading a book II had had not since morning. since y ou n o t |D e e n r e a c (i n g a b 0 0 k

You had not been reading a book

since morning.

Had Had II been reading a book since morning ?? Interrogative Interrogative

S = Subject,

V = Verb,

Had a book since since Had they they been been reading a morning ? morning ?

O = Object

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, CORE, Class-XI Class-XI

Oswaal Grammar Charts Tenses Tenses Future Tense Future Tense Affirmative Affirmative

Simple // Simple Indefinite Indefinite

To To indicate indicate an an action, action, condition, condition, or or circumstance circumstance which which hasn't hasn't Negative Negative taken yet. taken place place yet. S + will shall ++ V +O S + will / / shall \Z1t + 0

Interrogative Interrogative

To To indicate i n d i c a t e what what will w i l l be be going at ssome g o i n g on o n at o m e time t i m e in in the t h e future. future.

Affirmative Affirmative

Progressive / Progressive/ Negative Negative To Continuous To indicate i n d i c a t e planned p l a n n e d future future Continuous events. events. S + will + 5 + w i l l be be / / sshall h a l l be be + (V +ing) +O ( V 1j + ing) + O Interrogative Interrogative

Perfect Perfect

Affirmative Affirmative To an aaction To indicate i n d i c a t e an c t i o n that that will w i l l be b e complete c o m p l e t e before before another a n o t h e r event event takes takes place. place. Negative Negative S + will 5 + w i l l have/shall h a v e / s h a l l have have +V +O + V3 O 3 + Interrogative Interrogative

II shall shall read read a a book book tomorrow. tomorrow.

He He will will read read a a book book tomorrow. tomorrow. II shall shall not not read read aa book book tomorrow. tomorrow.

He He will will not not read read a a book book tomorrow. tomorrow. Shall S h a l l II read read a a book b o o k tomorrow t o m o r r o w ?? Will W i l l he h e read read a a book b o o k tomorrow t o m o r r o w ?? shall be II shall be reading reading aa book book tomorrow tomorrow morning. morning. He He will will be be reading reading aa book book tomorrow tomorrow morning. morning. II sshall h a l l not not be b e reading r e a d i n g aa book book tomorrow t o m o r r o w morning. morning.

He He will w i l l not n o t be b e reading r e a d i n g aa book book tomorrow t o m o r r o w morning. morning. Shall S h a l l II be b e reading r e a d i n g aa book b o o k tomorrow tomorrow morning m o r n i n g ?? Will W i l l sshe h e be b e reading r e a d i n g aa book b o o k tomorrow tomorrow morning m o r n i n g ?? II sshall h a l l have have read read (V ( V 3)) aa book b o o k by by tomorrow t o m o r r o w morning. morning.

He H e will w i l l have have read read (V ( y )) a a book b o o k by by 3 tomorrow t o m o r r o w morning. morning: 3 II sshall h a l l not not have have read read (V ( V 3)) aa book b o o k by by tomorrow t o m o r r o w morning. morning. He H e will w i l l not n o t have have read read m a a book b o o k by by (V k 3) j tomorrow t o m o r r o w morning. morning.

Shall Shall II have have read read (V (V 3)) a a book book by by tomorrow tomorrow morning morning ?? a Will book W i l l he he have have read read (V (V )) a book by by 3 tomorrow tomorrow morning morning ??

PerfectPerfect Continuous Continuous

To an action action that To indicate indicate an that Affirmative Affirmative will will have have happened happened for f o r some some time t i m e and and will will not not be b e complete complete yet at a certain yet at a c e r t a i n point p o i n t in i n the the future. future. Negative S + will/shall + have + Negative S + wil l / s h a l l + have been been + + Since / for (V +ing) + O (Vj+ing) + 0 + Since / f o r 1

Interrogative Interrogative

S = Subject,

V = Verb, ffersB

II sshall h a l l have have been been reading reading a a book book ssince i n c e tomorrow t o m o r r o w morning. morning.

He He will w i l l have have been been reading reading a a book book ssince i n c e tomorrow t o m o r r o w morning. morning. shall not II shall not have have been been reading reading aa book book since tomorrow since tomorrow morning. morning. He He will will not not have have been been reading reading aa book book since tomorrow since tomorrow morning. morning. Shall S h a l l II have have been been reading r e a d i n g aa book book ssince i n c e tomorrow t o m o r r o w morning m o r n i n g ?? Will W i l l he he have have been been reading reading a a book book since s i n c e tomorrow t o m o r r o w morning m o r n i n g ??

O = Object



GRAMMAR GRAMMAR

Oswaal Grammar Charts 1 ]Reported

J peech Cha r Tense

Tense Present

He said,"! work hard"

Reported speech 1 He s a i d that h e

Past S i m p l e

worked h a r d .

Simple Present

H e s a i d , " ! am working

Past

Continuous

h ard "

Continuous

Past Simple

He said,"!

worked

He s a i d that h e was working hard.

He s a i d that h e had

Past Perfect

hard yesterday"

worked hard t h e previous day/the day b e f o r e .

Past

He said z" I was working

Past Perf ect

Continuous

hard at s i x t h i s

Continuous

He s a i d that h e had been w o r k i n g hard at s i x that morning.

morning"

Present

He said," I have

Perfect

worked h ard "

Present

He said," I have been

Past Perf ect

He s a i d that h e had

Perfect

working ha rd "

Continuous

been w o r k i n g h a r d .

Past Perf ect

He s a i d that h e had

Past Perf ect

He s a i d that h e had worked h a r d .

Continuous

Past Perfect

He said,"I had worked hard"

Future

He said, "I will work

Simple

hard" (a) He said,"I can work

worked h a r d .

Conditional

He said that he would work hard. (a) He said that he

hard."

Modals

could work hard.

(b) He said,"! could work hard."

(b) He said that he could work hard.

(c) He said,"! may work

(c) He said that he might

hard." (d) He said,"! must work

work hard. (d) He said that he had

hard." (e) He said,"! shall work

to work hard. (e) He said that he

hard." (f ) He said,"! should work

would work hard. (f ) He said that he

hard."

X

i N U i c :• Could, V'UUiUy Woi w u ujlc i u1, s>riuuiu / iv\u j i u r i u might r 111y r 11 u u 1 rnot i u i change cridriyo in iri reported i o p u i i c u spe o|Jc>ocri. Must and cIo Note ec h. / Should,

should work hard. i

X

47 47

Oswaal Grammar Charts



Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI



48 48

Quick Analysis Analysis Rules of Reported Speech Speech

V V,1 V V22 is // am are are has // have can may will will // shall

must ago today tonight yesterday yesterday tomorrow



this these these here now now we us

Indirect Speech V v 22 had ++ V3 was were had could might would (In some cases cases ‘shall‘ 'shall' changes into ‘should’) had to before that that day that that night the the day before // the previous day the the next next day // the following day // the day after after that that those there there then they them them



Direct Speech







GRAMMAR GRAMMAR

Oswaal Grammar Charts Passive Voice Chart Chart (At A Glance) Glance) i Passive Voice (At A TENSE A TENSE

X f

f

Passive Voice Passive Voice

The punishes me. The teacher punishes The punishes the The teacher punishes t h e boy. The punishes the The teacher punishes t h e boys.

am punished punished by the II am the teacher. teacher. The boy is punished punished by the teacher. teacher. The boys are are punished punished by the teacher.

Present Continuous Present

The punishing me. The teacher is punishing The teacher is punishing punishing the t h e boy. The teacher is punishing punishing the boys.

am being being punished punished by the teacher. II am teacher. The boy is being being punished punished by the teacher. The boys are being being punished punished by the teacher.

Past Continuous

Present Perfect Present

Past Perfect

Future Simple

Going to Future Going

Conditional

Modals Modals



Active / CTiv Voice Voice

Present Simple Present

Past Simple

X

/

\

The teacher punished punished me. The punished the The teacher punished t h e boys.

punished by the teacher. II was was punished The boys were punished punished by the teacher.

The punishing me. The teacher was was punishing The punishing the The teacher was was punishing t h e boys.

being punished punished by the teacher. II was was being The boys were being being punished punished by the teacher.

The teacher has punished punished me. The teacher has punished punished the boy.

II have have been been punished punished by the teacher. The boy has has been been punished punished by the teacher.

The teacher had punished punished me. The teacher had punished punished the t h e boys.

II had been been punished punished by the teacher. The boys boys had been been punished punished by the teacher.

The punish me. The teacher will will punish The punish the The teacher will will punish t h e boys.

punished by the II will will be punished the teacher. The boys will punished by the will be punished teacher.

The teacher is going going to punish punish me. The teacher is going going to punish punish the the boys.

going to be punished punished by the II am am going teacher. The boys are are going going to be punished punished by the teacher.

The teacher would punish me. would punish The teacher would punish the boys. would punish

punished by the II would would be punished the teacher. The boys would punished by the would be punished teacher.

The teacher can can punish punish me. The teacher could could punish punish me. The may punish punish me. The teacher may The punish me. The teacher might punish The teacher must must punish punish me. The teacher had to to punish punish me. The teacher shall punish me. shall punish The teacher should punish me. should punish The teacher ought ought to punish punish me.

can be punished punished by the teacher. II can could be punished punished by the teacher. II could may be punished punished by the teacher. II may might be punished punished by the teacher. II might must be punished punished by the teacher. II must punished by the teacher. II had to be punished teacher. punished by the teacher. II shall shall be punished should be punished punished by the teacher. II should ought to be punished punished by the teacher. II ought

Imperative

Close the door. Close the door.

Let the Let the door be closed.

Sentences Sentences

Open the book. the book.

Let the book be opened. Let the book opened.



A

X

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

Passive Passive Voice Voice Chart Chart





Oswaal Grammar Charts 1

Present Tense Present Tense Tense Tense

Type of Type"S*" Sentence

;

Progressive/

;

Continuous

;

Perfect Perfect

Passive Voice punished by the II am punished the teacher. The boy is punished punished by the the teacher. teacher The boys are are punished punished by the the teacher.

Negative

The punish me. The teacher teacher does not not punish The punish The teacher teacher does not not punish this this boy. The punish The teachers teachers do not not punish the the boys.

punished by II am not not punished by the the teacher. teacher This punished by the This boy is not not punished the teacher. teacher. The punished The boys are are not not punished by by the the teachers. teachers.

Interrogative Interrogative

Does the teacher punish me ? teacher punish Do punish this bo the teachers teachers punish this boy ? Do punish the bo the teachers teachers punish boys boys ?

Am II punished punished by ? by the the teacher teacher ? Is this punished by Is this boy boy punished by the the teachers teachers ? Are the punished by the boys punished by teachers teachers ?

Affirmative Affirmative

The punishing me. The teacher is is punishing The punishing the The teacher is is punishing the boy. The punishing the The teacher is is punishing the boys.

II am being punished by the the teacher. The The boy is being punished by the t h e teacher. The The boys are being punished by by the t h e teacher.

Negative

The punishing The teacher is is not punishing me. The punishing The teacher is is not punishing the t h e boy. The punishing The teacher is is not punishing the t h e boys.

being punished punished by II am not being by the the teacher. teacher. The being punished punished The boy is not being by by the the teacher. teacher. The are not being being punished punished The boys are by by the the teacher. teacher.

Interrogative Interrogative

Is the teacher punishing me ? Is teacher punishing Is the teacher punishing the Is teacher punishing boy boy ? Is the teacher punishing the Is teacher punishing boys boys ?

Am II being being punished punished by by the the teacher teacher ? Is the being punished punished Is the boy boy being by by the the teacher teacher ? Are the the boys boys being being punished punished by by the the teacher teacher ?

Affirmative Affirmative

The punished me. The teacher teacher has punished The punished the The teacher teacher has punished boy. boy. The punished the The teacher teacher has punished boys.

punished by II have been punished by the teacher teacher The punished by The boy boy has been punished by the teacher teacher The punished The boys have been punished by by the the teacher teacher

Negative

The punished The teacher teacher has not not punished me. The punished The teacher teacher has not not punished the the boy The punished The teacher teacher has not not punished the the boys

punished by II have not been punished by the the teacher teacher The punished The boy has not been punished by by the the teacher teacher The The boys have not been punished by punished by the the teacher teacher

Has the punished me ? the teacher teacher punished Has the punished the teacher teacher punished the the boy ? Has the punished the teacher teacher punished the the boys ?

been punished punished by the Have II been the teacher? teacher? boy been been punished punished by Has the the boy the the teacher teacher ? been punished punished Have the the boys been by by the the teacher teacher ?

Interrogative Interrogative





The punishes me. The teacher teacher punishes The punishes the The teacher teacher punishes the boy. The punishes the The teacher teacher punishes the boys.

Affirmative Affirmative

Present Simple/ indefinite indefinite

Active Voice



GRAMMAR GRAMMAR





Oswaal Grammar Charts Passive Passive Voice Voice Chart Chart

51 51

1

Past Tense Past Tense Tense Tense

Type of of Type KenfienGiel Sentence Affirmative Affirmative

1

Past Simple Past Simple //

1

indefinite indefinite

Negative

Progressive/

Continuous Continuous

■

II was being punished by the the teacher. The The boy was being punished by by the t h e teacher. The The boys were being punished by the t h e teacher.

The teacher was me. was not punishing punishing me. The teacher was was not not punishing punishing the the boy. boy. The teacher was was not not punishing punishing the the boys. boys.

being punished punished by II was was not being by the the teacher. teacher. The being punished punished The boy boy was was not being by by the the teacher. teacher. The being The boys were not being punished by punished by the the teacher. teacher.

Interrogative Interrogative

Was the the teacher teacher punishing me ? Was the the teacher teacher punishing the the boy ? Was the the teacher teacher punishing the the boys ?

Was being punished punished by Was II being by the the teacher teacher ? Was being punished punished by Was the the boy boy being by the the teacher teacher ? Were being punished punished Were the the boys boys being by by the teacher teacher ?

Affirmative Affirmative

The The teacher had had punished me. The The teacher had had punished the the boy. The The teacher had had punished the the boys.

punished by II had been punished by the teacher. teacher. punished by The The boy boy had been punished by the teacher. teacher. The punished by The boys boys had been punished by the teacher. teacher.

The teacher teacher had not not punished punished me. me. The teacher teacher had not not punished punished the the boy. The teacher teacher had not not punished punished the the boys. boys.

been punished punished by II had not been by the the teacher. teacher. The been punished punished The boy had not been by by the the teacher. teacher. The been punished punished The boys had not been by by the the teacher. teacher.

Had the the teacher teacher punished punished me ? Had the the teacher teacher punished punished the the boy ? Had the punished the the teacher teacher punished the boys ?

Had II been punished punished by Had by the teacher teacher ? Had the boy punished by Had boy been punished by the the teacher teacher ? Had punished Had the boys boys been punished by by the teacher teacher ?

Negative

Interrogative Interrogative

i

1

not punished by the II was not the teacher The not punished by The boy was not by the t h e teacher The not punished The boys were not by by the t h e teacher

The punishing me. The Teacher Teacher was punishing The punishing The teacher was punishing the t h e boy. The punishing The teacher was punishing the t h e boys.

Negative

Perfect Perfect

The punish me. The teacher did d i d not punish The punish The teacher did d i d not punish the t h e boy The punish The teacher did d i d not punish the t h e boys

punished by the II was was punished the teacher teacher The boy was punished by the was punished the teacher teacher The boys were punished punished by the the teacher teacher

Was II punished punished by the the teacher teacher ? Was the punished by the the boy punished the teacher teacher ? Were punished by Were the the boys punished by the the teacher teacher ?

Affirmative Affirmative

;

The The teacher punished me. The The teacher punished the the boy The The teacher punished the the boys

Passive Voice

Did punish me ? b i d the t h e teacher punish Did punish the b i d the t h e teacher punish the boy ? Did punish the b i d the t h e teacher punish the boys ?

Interrogative Interrogative

;

Active Voice

_________ J





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Oswaal Grammar Charts 1 V

Passive

Voice Chart

Future Tense Tense

Passive VoiEe

Affirmative

The teacher will punish me. The teacher will punish the boy. The teacher will punish the boys.

I shall be punished by t h e teacher The boy will be punished by the teacher The boys will be punished by the teacher

The teacher will not punish me. The teacher will not punish the boy. The teacher will not punish the boys.

I shall not be punished by the teacher The boy will not be punished by t h e teacher. The boys will not be punished by t h e teacher.

Will the teacher punish me ? Will the teacher punish the boy ? Will the teacher punish the boys ?

Shall I be punished by t h e teacher ? Will the boy be punished by t h e teacher ? Will the boys be punished by t h e teacher ?

The teacher will have punished me. The teacher will have punished the boy. The teacher will have punished the boys.

I will have been punished by the teacher. The boy will have been punished by the teacher. The boys will have been punished by the teacher.

The teacher will not have punished me. The teacher will not have punished the boy. The teacher will not have punished the boys.

I will not have been punished by the teacher. The boy will not have been punished by the teacher. The boys will not have been punished by the teacher.

Will the teacher have punished me ? Will the teacher have punished the boy ? Will the teacher have punished the boys ?

Shall I have been punished by the teacher ? Will the boy have been punished by t h e teacher ? Will the boys have been punished by t h e teacher ?

Future Simple / indefinite

Negative

Interrogative

Affirmative

1

Perfect

Negative

Interrogative

1

SECTION B : GRAMMAR 8& CREATIVE WRITING SKILLS CHAPTER

3

TENSES

Introduction

The tenses simply show show the an action or state state of being as as shown shown by by aa verb. The tenses simply the time time of of an action or of being verb. The verb verb ending is changed show what it is is referring The ending is changed (conjugated) (conjugated) to to show what time time it referring to. to. Time can be split split into into three the Present Present (what the Past Past (what and Time can be three periods periods the (what you you are are doing), doing), the (what you you did) did) and the Future are going going to or hope the Future (what (what you you are to do, do, or hope I/ plan plan to to do). do). The tenses are further further split split into into Simple, Perfect and and Perfect Perfect Continuous Continuous tense, based The tenses are Simple, Continuous, Continuous, Perfect tense, based on on the the state of action action referred referred to. to.

Scan to know know Scan to more more about about this topic topic this

Tenses Tenses

Simple Tenses Simple Tenses





The simple simple tenses show regular of people, and to as they The tenses are are used used to to show regular habits habits of people, general general truths truths and to express express the the words words as they have have been said by someone. Simple Present Present Tense Tense Simple The simple simple present is used situations and and the frequency of of events. events. The present tense tense is used to to discuss discuss permanent permanent situations the frequency Positive Statements Statements Positive

Negative Negative Statements Statements

I work. work. He He works. She works. works. It works. works. You work. work. We work. We work. They work. work.

I don’t don't work. work. He doesn’t work. He doesn't work. She doesn’t doesn't work. work. It doesn’t doesn't work. work. You don’t don't work. work. We don’t We don't work. work. They don’t don't work. work.

Interrogative Interrogative Sentences Do I work work ? Does he he work work ? Does she work work ? Does it work work ?? Do you you work work ? Do we we work work ? Do they they work work ?

Positive Positive Short Short Statements Statements Yes, I do. Yes, do. Yes, he Yes, he does. does. Yes, Yes, she does. does. Yes, Yes, it does. does. Yes, Yes, you you do. do. Yes, we do. Yes, do. Yes, they Yes, they do. do.

Negative Short Negative Short Statements Statements No, No, I don’t. don't. No, No, he he doesn’t. doesn't. No, No, she doesn’t. doesn't. No, No, it doesn’t. doesn't. No, No, you you don’t. don't. No, No, we we don’t. don't. No, No, they they don’t. don't.



Regular or permanent situations Regular or permanent situations



When something happens happens regularly regularly or or is a permanent permanent situation, we we usually usually use use the the simple present present tense. tense. When using the the simple present present tense, tense, the the verb verb (with (with the the exception of of the the auxiliary verbs) remains remains in the the dictionary dictionary form using (verb+s/es /any name). (verb+s/es with with third third person person singular such as he/she/it he/she/it/any name). example : For example Q. do you you live? Ans. II live in Germany. Germany. Q. Where do live? Ans. Q. does he he live? Ans. He He lives lives in Germany. Q. Where does live? Ans. Q. What Ans. What do do you you do? do? Ans. I’m I'm a teacher. teacher. QQ. What do? Ans. What does does he he do? Ans. He’s He's aa teacher. teacher. Q-



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Frequency Frequency



The simple simple present is also also used show how often something something happens adverbs of of frequency frequency -- always, always, The present tense tense is used to to show how often happens with with adverbs usually, often, sometimes, sometimes, occasionally, occasionally, seldom, seldom, rarely, etc.... and usually, often, rarely, never, never, etc.... and while while discussing discussing daily, daily, weekly, weekly, monthly monthly etc. etc. routines. routines. For example :: For example II always always get get up at 6.00. 6.00. up at II never never drink coffee before before 12.00 12.00 noon. drink coffee noon. II work on my work on my website website every every day. day. II go go to every Monday and Thursday. Thursday. to the the gym gym every Monday and We also also use simple present ask for for and instructions or series of of actions. actions. We use the the simple present to to ask and give give instructions or to to discuss discuss aa series For example For example :: Q. Please tell tell me me how how do do I/you make pancakes Q. Please I/you make pancakes Ans. First take into aa bowl. bowl. Then Then weigh out 4 4 oz. flour and and sieve sieve it it into into the eggs., etc. etc. Ans. First take 44 eggs eggs and and crack crack them them into weigh out oz. of of flour the eggs., The The simple present tense can also be used for future events which are part of fixed timetable or programme.. simple present tense can also be used for future events which are part of fixed timetable or programme.. For example Minister visits week. For example :: The The Minister visits the the city city this this week. SIMPLE PAST TENSE TENSE SIMPLE PAST



• The past tense tense is used to to talk talk about actions that that happened happened at time in the past. past. You • The simple simple past is used about finished finished actions at aa specific specific time in the You state state when it happened time adverb. adverb. when it happened using using aa time • simple past, verb takes its second second form. form. The The singular singular form form of verb 'be' ‘be’ is is 'was' ‘was’ and and plural form is is 'were'. ‘were’. • In In simple past, the the verb takes its of verb plural form • Similarly, past form do/does is did, which which goes goes with with both both singular well as plural noun noun and pronoun forms. • Similarly, past form of of do/does is did, singular as as well as plural and pronoun forms. • Also note that, that, with with 'did', we use use only only first of verb. verb. • Also note ‘did’, we first form form of Regular Verb Verb (to (to work) work) Regular Regular Verb Verb (to (to work) work) Regular Statements Statements Statements (Positive) (Positive) Statements (Negative) (Negative)

Questions Questions

Short Short Answer Answer Short Short Answer Answer (Positive) (Negative) (Positive) (Negative)

II worked. worked.

II didn’t didn't work. work.

Did II work Did work ??

Yes, Yes, II did. did.

No, No, II didn’t. didn't.

He worked. He worked.

He He didn’t didn't work. work.

Did he Did he work work ??

Yes, Yes, he he did. did.

No, No, he he didn’t. didn't.

She worked. She worked.

She didn’t She didn't work. work.

Did she work Did she work ??

Yes, she did. Yes, she did.

No, she didn’t. No, she didn't.

It worked. It worked.

It didn’t It didn't work. work.

Did it work Did it work ??

Yes, it did. Yes, it did.

You You worked. worked.

You You didn’t didn't work. work.

Did Did you you work work ?? Yes, Yes, you you did. did.

No, No, you you didn’t. didn't.

We worked. We worked.

We didn’t We didn't work. work.

Did Did we we work work ??

Yes, Yes, we we did. did.

No, No, we we didn’t. didn't.

They worked. They worked.

They didn’t They didn't work. work.

Did Did they they work work ??

Yes, Yes, they they did. did.

No, No, they they didn’t. didn't.

No, it didn’t. No, it didn't.



Simple Past Past :: Uses Uses Simple



When mention a a time time in the past When you you mention in the past ::



For example Last year year II took took my my exams. For example :: Last exams. II got got married in 1992. 1992. married in It can be be used used to to describe that happened happened over over a a period time in in the but not not now. now. It can describe events events that period of of time the past past but For example :: II lived lived in in South South Africa Africa for for two For example two years. years. The simple past tense tense is is also also used used to to talk talk about about habitual habitual or repeated actions actions that took place place in the past. past. The simple past or repeated that took in the For example When II was was aa child we always went to to the the seaside on aa bank holiday. For example :: When child we always went seaside on bank holiday.

Continuous Tenses Tenses Continuous

The continuous continuous tenses are used when talking about aa particular in time. The tenses are used when talking about particular point point in time.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS TENSE PRESENT TENSE



For example :: Q. Q. What What are are you I’m building building aa website. For example you doing doing ?? Ans. Ans. I'm website. ** We We also also use use the the present present continuous continuous tense tense to to talk talk about about things things that that are are happening happening around around now now but but are are temporary. temporary. For example :: Q. Q. What What are are you I’m working lot. For example you doing doing these these days days ?? Ans. Ans. Unfortunately, Unfortunately, I'm working aa lot. also used used to trends or are happening happening but but may may be be temporary. temporary. ** It It is is also to describe describe trends or situations situations that that are For example Nowadays, more more and more people people are are shopping on the the Internet. Internet. For example :: Nowadays, and more shopping on



TENSES TENSES

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also used used to negative habit habit. ** It It is is also to describe describe aa negative For example He's always always cleaning his car. car. For example :: He’s cleaning his The present is also future events events :: The present continuous continuous tense tense is also used used to to discuss discuss future For example going to to meet meet Naina Naina in the evening. evening. For example :: II am am going in the My brother brother is is coming coming from from New My New York, York, the the next next week. week. Note The present continuous tense is usually verbs not static verbs. verbs. Following are some some Note :: The present continuous tense is usually used used with with action action verbs not with with static Following are static verbs verbs that in continuous static that are are not not used used in continuous tense tense :: Conditions :: belong, cost, need, need, own, own, seem Conditions belong, cost, seem Feelings :: like, like, love, love, hate, hate, want, want, wish wish Feelings Beliefs believe, feel, mean, remember, remember, think, think, understand understand Beliefs :: believe, feel, know, know, mean, PAST PAST CONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS



We use continuous tense We use the the past past continuous tense to to describe describe aa past past action action over over aa period period of of time. time. For example :: Q. Q. What They were all day. For example What were were they they doing doing yesterday yesterday ?? Ans. Ans. They were working working all day. * can be be used someone was in time. * It It can used to to describe describe what what someone was doing doing at at aa particular particular point point in time. For example :: Q. Q. What at 7:30 last evening For example What were were you you doing doing at 7:30 last evening ?? Ans. Ans. II was was watching watching television. television. * The past continuous can can also also be be used show that frequently took * The past continuous used to to show that an an activity activity frequently took place place over over aa period period of of time. time. did you you enjoy the most most during during holidays? holidays? Ans. Ans. II enjoyed enjoyed skiing skiing the the most. most. Q. Q. What What did enjoy the * Sometimes Past Simple are are used in aa same same sentence. sentence. The The longer longer * Sometimes Past Continuous Continuous and and Past Past Simple used together together in action in past is Past Continuous and the the action that happened happened in the action in past is expressed expressed in in Past Continuous Tense Tense and action that in the middle longer action is expressed in Simple Simple Past Tense. middle of of the the longer action is expressed in Past Tense. For example was driving driving to to work work when when II crashed my car. For example :: II was crashed my car. Or Or As II was car crashed. crashed. As was driving driving to to work, work, my my car PERFECT TENSES PERFECT TENSES





Sometimes you little bit bit more information about an action action or or state state and is where Sometimes you need need to to give give just just aa little more information about an and that that is where the the perfect perfect tenses in. tenses come come in. The perfect are used action or or situation situation in in the is linked linked to in the is The perfect tenses tenses are used when when an an action the present present is to aa moment moment in the past. past. It It is often used used to to show things that that have have happened happened up up to to now now but aren't finished yet or to emphasize emphasize that that something often show things but aren’t finished yet or to something happened but is is not end determines happened but not true true anymore. anymore. When When they they end determines which which of of them them you you use. use. Perfect are never say when something happened i.e., yesterday, last year etc. but but can can be be used Perfect tenses tenses are never used used when when we we say when something happened i.e., yesterday, last year etc. used when something i.e., i.e., often, often, for, for, always, always, since, since, etc. etc. when discussing discussing the the duration duration of of something The present simple tense is used every strong strong meaning for the The present perfect perfect simple tense is used to to talk talk about about aa past past time, time, which which has has every meaning for the present. present.

PRESENT SIMPLE (POSITIVE) TIMELINE PRESENT PERFECT PERFECT SIMPLE (POSITIVE) TIMELINE

For example Q. Where For example ::  Q. Where is is Jane Jane ?? Ans. She has has gone gone out. She should should be be back back in in an Ans. She out. She an hour. hour. We form form the simple by by using form of verb. 'Has' ‘Has’ is is used We the present present perfect perfect simple using the the auxiliary auxiliary verb verb has/have has/have with with third third form of verb. used with with third singular such such as any name ‘Have’ is is used first person, second person all plurals. third person person singular as he/she/it/ he/she/it/ any name 'Have' used with with first person, second person and and all plurals. Statements Positive Statements Positive

Statements Statements Negative Negative

Interrogative Interrogative

Short Short Answer Answer Positive Positive

Short Short Answer Answer Negative Negative

I’ve worked. I've worked.

II haven’t haven't worked. worked.

Have Have II worked worked ??

Yes, II have. Yes, have.

No, No, II haven’t. haven't.

He’s He's worked. worked.

He He hasn’t hasn't worked. worked.

Has Has he he worked worked ??

Yes, he Yes, he has. has.

No, No, he he hasn’t. hasn't.

She’s worked. She's worked.

She hasn’t She hasn't worked. worked.

Has she worked Has she worked ??

Yes, she she has. Yes, has.

No, she hasn’t. No, she hasn't.

It’s worked. It's worked.

It It hasn’t hasn't worked. worked.

Has it worked Has it worked ??

Yes, it it has. Yes, has.

No, it hasn’t. No, it hasn't.

You’ve You've worked. worked.

You You haven’t haven't worked. worked.

Have Have you you worked worked ??

Yes, you Yes, you have. have.

No, No, you you haven’t. haven't.

We’ve worked. We've worked.

We We haven’t haven't worked. worked.

Have worked ?? Have we we worked

Yes, Yes, we we have. have.

No, No, we we haven’t. haven't.

They’ve worked. They've worked.

They haven’t They haven't worked. worked.

Have Have they they worked worked ??

Yes, Yes, they they have. have.

No, No, they they haven’t. haven't.

The present present perfect that have have just just been been completed completed at at the the moment moment of of speaking. speaking. ** The perfect simple simple is is used used to to discuss discuss events events that For example For example :: Have homework? Have you you done done your your homework? Ans. I’ve just finished it. it. Ans. Yes, Yes, I've just finished * It is often used to suggest that a a past action still has an an effect effect upon upon something happening in in the * It is often used to suggest that past action still has something happening the present. present. For example pound has has fallen against the the dollar. dollar. For example :: The The pound fallen against

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

also used used to unfinished time. time. ** It It is is also to discuss discuss unfinished For example :: For example Q. done your homework today? today? Q. Have Have you you done your homework Ans. it yet. Ans. No, No, II haven’t haven't done done it yet. Note are talking about today and today isn’t finished, finished, so so you later. Note :: You You are talking about today and today isn't you may may do do your your homework homework later. Q. ever been been to to England? Q. Have Have you you ever England? Ans. Ans. Yes Yes II have. have. Note You are are talking about something something that in your life Note :: You talking about that has has happened happened in your life can also also use use the the present present perfect perfect to something from from the the past but you to say say exactly exactly ** You You can to discuss discuss something past but you don’t don't want want to when. when. For example :: For example Q. any languages? languages? Q. Are Are you you learning learning any Ans. I’ve begun begun to learn English. Ans. Yes, Yes, I've to learn English. This tense tense is is often often used used to to discuss discuss events events that that have have been been happening happening over period of time, but but aren't aren’t finished finished ** This over aa period of time, yet. yet. For example :: For example Q. have you studied English? Q. How How long long have you studied English? Ans. for two Ans. I’ve I've studied studied English English for two years. years. it is better (grammatically speaking) to to use the Present Present Perfect Perfect Continuous to express express yourself in this this ** However However it is better (grammatically speaking) use the Continuous to yourself in way. way. For example :: For example Q. have you you been studying English? Q. How How long long have been studying English? Ans. been studying studying English for two Ans. I’ve I've been English for two years years now. now. PAST TENSE PAST PERFECT PERFECT TENSE

The The past is used further back back in in time about the It can can make past perfect perfect tense tense is used to to go go further time when when we we are are already already talking talking about the past. past. It make it clear clear that something had already happened at the are talking it that something had already happened at the time time we we are talking about. about. We We form form the by using auxiliary verb verb had and the -ed form form of the past past perfect perfect by using the the auxiliary had and the -ed of the the regular regular verb verb (the (the past past participle) participle) irregular verb forms forms have be learned learned :: irregular verb have to to be

Statements Statements Positive Positive

Statements Statements Negative Negative

Interrogative Interrogative

Short Short Answer Answer Positive Positive

Short Answer Short Answer Negative Negative

I’d worked... I'd worked...

II hadn’t hadn't worked... worked...

Had II worked... Had worked... ??

Yes, II had. Yes, had.

No, No, II hadn’t. hadn't.

He’d He'd worked... worked...

He He hadn’t hadn't worked... worked...

Had he Had he worked... worked... ??

Yes, Yes, he he had. had.

No, No, he he hadn’t. hadn't.

She’d worked... She'd worked...

She hadn’t She hadn't worked... worked...

Had she she worked... Had worked... ??

Yes, she had. Yes, she had.

No, she hadn’t. No, she hadn't.

It had It had worked... worked...

It It hadn’t hadn't worked... worked...

Had it worked... Had it worked... ??

Yes, it had. Yes, it had.

No, it hadn’t. No, it hadn't.

You’d You'd worked... worked...

You You hadn’t hadn't worked... worked...

Had Had you you worked... worked... ??

Yes, Yes, you you had. had.

No, No, you you hadn’t. hadn't.

We’d worked... We'd worked...

We We hadn’t hadn't worked... worked...

Had Had we we worked... worked... ??

Yes, Yes, we we had. had.

No, No, we we hadn’t. hadn't.

They’d They'd worked... worked...

They hadn’t They hadn't worked... worked... Had Had they they worked... worked... ??

Yes, Yes, they they had. had.

No, No, they they hadn’t. hadn't.

For example had already done the the shopping the time time she home. For example :: II had already done shopping by by the she came came home. II was late for for work, by the arrived the client had already left. left. was late work, by the time time II arrived the client had already The past past perfect simple can can be be used used to how often happened in the past. ** The perfect simple to show show how often something something happened in the past. For example I'd visited visited the the city city many many times times before. before. For example :: I’d can also also be be used used to to express express unfulfilled unfulfilled wishes or dreams. called, The The Third Third Conditional. ** It It can wishes or dreams. Sometimes Sometimes called, Conditional. For example If II had had won won the the lottery would have have bought new car. For example :: If lottery II would bought aa new car. PRESENT PERFECT PERFECT CONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS PRESENT The present continuous tense is often often used for aa since) since) to long something something has been The present perfect perfect continuous tense is used (with (with for to describe describe how how long has been happening up up to to now. now. happening

For example For example :: Q. have you studying English? Q. How How long long have you been been studying English? Ans. been studying studying English for four four years. Ans. I’ve I've been English for years. Q. have you Q. How How long long have you been been living living in in Germany? Germany? Ans. been living living here since 1998. 1998. Ans. I’ve I've been here since



TENSES TENSES

57 57



The present present perfect continuous is also used used to to refer refer to to an an event event that that may may or may not not be be finished finished when its effect effect ** The perfect continuous is also or may when its can be be seen now. can seen now. For example :: Look It’s been been snowing. snowing. For example Look !! It's should also also use use the the present perfect continuous talking about about how how long have been been doing ** You You should present perfect continuous when when talking long you you have doing your your current job unfinished projects projects :: current job or or working working on on unfinished For example :: II have been working at BT for three For example have been working at BT for three years. years. We have been exporting exporting to since 1999. 1999. We have been to China China since PAST PAST PERFECT PERFECT CONTINUOUS CONTINUOUS The past continuous tense is used longer situations situations that continued up in the The past perfect perfect continuous tense is used to to talk talk about about longer that continued up to to the the moment moment in the past about. past we we are are talking talking about. For example :: By left England, had been been living living in in Bristol for five five years. For example By the the time time II left England, we we had Bristol for years. Her back was sore because because she she had had been been sitting computer all Her back was sore sitting at at the the computer all day. day. also used used to to say how long for, up up to to a a time time in the past. past. ** It It is is also say how long something something went went on on for, in the For example :: We We apologised because we we had for 33 hours. For example apologised because had kept kept them them waiting waiting for hours. We We apologised because we we had since lunch lunch time. apologised because had kept kept them them waiting waiting since time. THE FUTURE TENSE THE FUTURE TENSE Discussing future in in English can be be complicated. The simple, simple, present Discussing the the future English can complicated. The present continuous, continuous, present present perfect perfect and and the the present continuous can can also also be be used often it it is is possible one structure, structure, but but have present perfect perfect continuous used and and often possible to to use use more more than than one have the the same meaning. same meaning. Using continuous for for the the future future Using the the present present continuous It is often ask about about and future arrangements arrangements or addition of of aa future future time, but It is often used used to to ask and discuss discuss future or plans plans with with just just the the addition time, but you it when you only only use use it when these these arrangements arrangements are are certain. certain. For example :: For example Q. What What are you doing next week? Q. are you doing next week? Ans. Ans. I’m I'm working. working. Q. What’s What's he tomorrow? Q. he doing doing tomorrow? Ans. playing tennis. Ans. He’s He's playing tennis. The present present continuous continuous tense tense is also used used to to talk talk about about and and make make future future appointments appointments and and arrangements arrangements ** The is also using the the words go or or come.... come.... using words go For example :: For example Q. When When are you coming see me? Q. are you coming to to see me? Ans. Ans. Next Next week. week. Q. What What are you doing Q. are you doing tomorrow? tomorrow? Ans. going to Ans. I’m I'm going to the the dentist. dentist. using verbs verbs of of arrival arrival and and departure. ** ....and ....and using departure. We’re arriving in in London London at at 2.30. 2.30. We're arriving The train leaving from from platform is the 2.45 to The train leaving platform one one is the 2.45 to Edinburgh. Edinburgh. The The Future be doing) Future Continuous Continuous (will (will be doing) The The use ‘will be be doing’ in aa sentence sentence is is often often referred future continuous. continuous. It It is is used about use of of 'will doing' in referred to to as as the the future used to to talk talk about activities be happening or over in the future. activities that that will will be happening at at aa particular particular time time or over aa particular particular time time in the future. For example :: Next be having having aa party. come ?? For example Next week week we we will will be party. Can Can you you come * it (or form) to about future future plans. * You You can can also also use use it (or the the present present continuous continuous form) to talk talk about plans. For example :: We be eating lunch at 2.00 P .M. For example We will will be eating lunch at 2.00 RM. Discussing the future future using using the the present present perfect simple form form Discussing the perfect simple You form to say that something will by aa certain in the future. You can can use use the the present present perfect perfect form to say that something will have have happened happened by certain time time in the future. This This time time next next year have finished finished my my exams. exams. year II will will have Discussing the (also known perfect continuous Discussing the future future using using the the present present perfect perfect continuous continuous form form (also known as as the the future future perfect continuous using will have doing). using will have been been doing). You can use form to say how long something something will been happening by aa You can use the the present present perfect perfect continuous continuous form to say how long will have have been happening by certain time time in the future. certain in the future. This This time have been been teaching teaching English for 9 9 years. time next next year, year, II will will have English for years. Discussing the future future using using the the present present perfect simple form form Discussing the perfect simple You can use simple form form to say that something will by aa certain certain time in the You can use the the present present perfect perfect simple to say that something will have have happened happened by time in the future. future.

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

Discussing the future future using using the the present present perfect perfect continuous continuous form form (also known as as the the future future perfect continuous Discussing the (also known perfect continuous using will have doing). using will have been been doing). You can use form to say how long something something will been happening by aa You can use the the present present perfect perfect continuous continuous form to say how long will have have been happening by certain time time in the future. certain in the future. This This time been teaching for 9 9 years. time next next year, year, II will will have have been teaching English English for years. Discussing the future future using using going going to to Discussing the We We say say something something is is going it has already been been planned. going to to happen happen when when it has already planned. For example For example :: Q. going to to fly fly to to Germany? Q. Are Are you you going Germany? Ans. we’re going Ans. No, No, we're going to to drive. drive. We also also use it to show something something has been decided. We use it to show has already already been decided. For example :: We're We’re going buy aa new For example going to to buy new car car next next year. year. We also also use ‘going to’ can see see that something is is about about to We use "going to' when when we we can that something to happen. happen. For example Look at that cloud. think it's going to to rain. rain. For example :: Look at that cloud. II think it’s going Watch out !! He’s He's going going to to crash the tree tree !! Watch out crash into into the You ‘going to’ future based based upon evidence now. You can can also also use use "going to' to to predict predict the the future upon the the evidence now. For example :: It looks as as though are going cup. For example It looks though Manchester Manchester United United are going to to win win the the European European cup. II think friend Louise Louise is is going baby. think my my friend going to to have have aa baby. Note I’m going isn’t really future tense. You would say I'm I’m going going to to go go to to Germany. Note :: I'm going to to Germany Germany isn't really the the future tense. You would have have to to say Germany. Discussing the Discussing the future future using using shall/will shall/will When we give give information about the the future predict future that are not certain we usually usually use use shall/ When we information about future or or predict future events events that are not certain we shall/ will. will. For example :: For example Q. think will will win win the the election? election? Q. Who Who do do you you think Ans. sure but but II think Ans. I’m I'm not not sure think the the current current party party will will win. win. * We can also also use use shall/will to make make promises promises for the future. * We can shall/will to for the future. When work, II would would say night, I’ll I'll (I (I will) will) see you tomorrow.” tomorrow." When leaving leaving work, say -- "Good “Good night, see you * Shall/Will often used used when we just just decide decide to to do do something. * Shall/Will is is often when we something. For example :: The The phone is ringing If II decide say -- I'll I’ll (I it. For example phone is ringing -- If decide to to answer answer the the phone phone II would would say (I will) will) get get it. * can also also be be used in formal formal situations situations to express planned and is is preferred in formal formal written * It It can used in to express planned events events and preferred in written English. English. For example :: The The party start at at 10.00 10.00 pm. For example party will will start pm.

EXERCISE EXERCISE R ead the the following following paragraphs paragraphs and and fill fill in the blanks blanks with the correct correct form form of from the the options options given. given. Read in the with the of verbs verbs from Q. 1. Once ................... for for his benevolence. Everyday ................... Q. 1. Once there there was was aa king. king. He He (i) (i) ................. his benevolence. Everyday he he (ii) (ii) .............. .... the the hungry hungry many years. years. He He and ................... before he ................... food. He ................... so so for for many and (iii) (iii ) ............. his food. He (v) (v) ................. .... the the poor poor before he (iv) (iv) ..... ............. ... his (vi) ................... by his subjects. [6 × ½ = 3] ........... by his subjects. [6 x y = 3] (vi) ...... 2 (i) (a) know (i) (a) know

(b) knew (b) knew

(c) is known known (C) is

(d) was known known (d) was

(ii) (a) feed (ii) (a) feed

(b) feeds (b) feeds

(c) fed (C) fed

(d) feed will feed (d) will

(iii) (a) clothes (iii) (a) clothes

(b) clothed (b) clothed

(c) clothe will clothe (C) will

(d) clothed was clothed (d) was

(iv) (a) takes (iv) (a) takes

(b) took (b) took

(c) will take take (C) will

(d) was taken taken (d) was

(v) (a) did (v) (a) did

(b) does (b) does

(c) will do do (C) will

(d) do not not do do (d) do

(vi) (a) love (vi) (a) love

(b) loved (b) loved

(c) loves (C) loves

(d) loved was loved (d) was

Ans. Ans. (i) (i) (d) (d) was was known known (ii) (c) fed (ii) (c) fed (iii) (b) clothed (iii) (b) clothed (iv) (b) (iv) (b) took took (v) (a) (v) (a) did did (vi) (d) loved (vi) (d) was was loved



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Q. 2. big fun. fun. However, ................... it it more enjoyable and safer. Driving (i) (i) ................... ................. big Q. 2. Driving However, obedience obedience to to traffic traffic rules rules (ii) (ii) ................. more enjoyable and safer. While driving, it must be (iii) are responsible for yourself as well life of While driving, it must be (iii) ................... ................. that that you you are responsible for yourself as well as as the the life of other other road road users. users. With alarming alarming rise in the for road safety (iv) lot of of importance importance With rise in the number number of of road road mishaps, mishaps, the the need need for road safety (iv) ................... ................. aa lot across few golden believes in in safe safe across the the globe. globe. By By practicing practicing aa few golden rules, rules, you you (v) (v) ................... ................. aa responsible responsible citizen citizen who who believes driving and the safety of others. others. [V2 mark driving and the safety of [½ mark each] each] (i) (a) is (i) (a) is

(b) was (b) was

(c) be (c) will will be

(d) being (d) being

(ii) (a) makes (ii) (a) makes

(b) made (b) made

(c) (c) will will make make

(d) make (d) make

(iii) (a) remembers (iii) (a) remembers

(b) remembered (b) remembered

(c) (c) was was remembered remembered (d) (d) will will remember remember

(iv) (a) gains (iv) (a) gains

(b) (b) has has gained gained

(c) gained (c) gained

(d) be gained (d) will will be gained

(v) (a) become (v) (a) become

(b) becomes (b) becomes

(c) became (c) became

(d) become (d) will will become

Ans. is Ans. (i) (i) (a) (a) is (ii) (a) (ii) (a) makes makes (iii) (b) (iii) (b) remembered remembered (iv) (b) (iv) (b) has has gained gained (v) (d) become (v) (d) will will become Q. 3. if the in which live (i) The pollution Growth gets gets retarded retarded if the environment environment in which we we live (i) ................... ................. polluted polluted The pollution (ii) (ii) ................... ................. us us Q. 3. Growth today. We (iii) Slowly we an unhealthy today. We (iii) ................... ................. the the environment environment that that (iv) (iv) ................... ................. us. us. Slowly we are are gliding gliding towards towards an unhealthy environment. [½ mark each] each] environment. [V2 mark (i) (a) (i) (a) is is

(b) being (b) being

(ii) (a) threatens (b) threatened (ii) (a) threatens (b) threatened

(c) was (c) was

(d) being (d) was was being

(c) is threatening (c) is threatening

(d) (d) was was threatened threatened

(iii) (a) pollute (iii) (a) pollute

(b) polluted (b) polluted

(c) is polluting (c) is polluting

(d) (d) was was polluted polluted

(iv) (a) sustain (iv) (a) sustain

(b) sustains (b) sustains

(c) sustained (c) sustained

(d) is sustaining sustaining (d) is

Ans. is Ans. (i) (i) (a) (a) is (ii) is threatening (ii) (c) (c) is threatening (iii) (a) (iii) (a) pollute pollute (iv) sustains (iv) (b) (b) sustains Q. 4. Right India (i) big dilemma. The crime crime rate of the Q.4. Right now, now, India (i) ................... ................. aa big dilemma. The rate among among juveniles juveniles (ii) (ii) ................... .................... One One of the theories, contain it, it, favours favours strong strong punishment for the be punished for the theories, to to contain punishment for the parents. parents. How How can can parents parents be punished for the crime crime committed by their social setup setup parents for the acts of children committed by their ward? ward? In In the the previous previous social parents were were held held responsible responsible for the acts of their their children by the society. The The society society (iii) strong then, law (iv) ................... . [½ mark each] each] by the society. (iii) ................... ................. strong then, now now the the law (iv) ................... [V2 mark (i) (a) face (i) (a) face

(b) faced (b) faced

(c) is facing facing (c) is

(d) be facing facing (d) will will be

(ii) (a) increases (ii) (a) increases

(b) is increasing increasing (b) is

(c) increasing (c) was was increasing

(d) increased (d) increased

(iii) (a) is (iii) (a) is (iv) (a) is (iv) (a) is

(b) was (b) was

(c) be (c) be

(d) being (d) being

(b) was (b) was

(c) be (c) be

(d) being (d) being

Ans. is facing facing Ans. (i) (i) (c) (c) is (ii) is increasing increasing (ii) (b) (b) is (iii) (iii) (b) (b) was was (iv) is (iv) (a) (a) is Q. 5. 5. Games students physically strong and and mentally balanced. They They have Q. Games (i) (i) ................... ................. the the students physically strong mentally well well balanced. have positive positive effect effect on on the the behaviour also. A game should (ii) ................... ................. with with sportsman work and play must must (iii) (iii) behaviour also. A game should always always be be (ii) sportsman spirit. spirit. In In fact, fact, work and play ................... hand in hand. [1 mark mark each] each] ................. hand in hand. [1 (i) (a) make (b) made (i) (a) make.......................(b) made (ii) (a) plays (ii) (a) plays

(b) played (b) played

(iii) (a) go (b) gone (b) gone (iii) (a) go

(c) is making (c) is making

(d) (d) had had made made

(c) playing (c) playing

(d) (d) has has played played

(c) (c) had had gone gone

(d) be gone (d) will will be gone

Ans. (i) (a) (a) make make Ans. (i) (ii) (b) (ii) (b) played played (iii) (a) (iii) (a) go go Q.6. II could Seema. She She (i) lot of stop (ii) and start start (iii) Q.6. could not not recognise recognise Seema. (i) ................... ................. aa lot of weight. weight. II advised advised her her to to stop (ii) ................... ................. and (iii) ................... and [1 mark mark each] each] ................. and (iv) (iv) ................... .................... [1

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

(i) (a) puts on (i) (a) puts on

(b) on have put put on (b) have

(c) had put put on on (C) had

(d) on was put put on (d) was

(ii) (a) overeats (ii) (a) overeats

(b) overeating (b) overeating

(c) had overeaten overeaten (C) had

(d) overeat (d) overeat

(iii) (a) skips (iii) (a) skips

(b) skipped (b) skipped

(c) skipping was skipping (C) was

(d) skipping (d) skipping

(iv) (a) walking (iv) (a) walking

(b) was walking walking (b) was

(c) walked (C) walked

(d) walks (d) walks

Ans. on Ans. (i) (i) (c) (c) had had put put on (ii) (b) overeating (ii) (b) overeating (iii) (d) skipping (iii) (d) skipping (iv) (a) (iv) (a) walking walking th In the the last hundred years, years, travelling travelling (i) (i) ................... much much easier easier and very comfortable. the 19 used Q. 7. last hundred and very comfortable. In In the 19th century, century, it it used Q. 7. In America by by aa covered covered wagon. The trip very to to (ii) (ii) ................... two two or or three three days days to to cross cross North North America wagon. The trip (iii) (iii) ................... very rough often dangerous. Things (iv) in the last hundred and fifty fifty years. can rough and and often dangerous. Things (iv) ................... aa great great deal deal in the last hundred and years. Now, Now, you you can fly from from New Los Angeles Angeles in in aa matter of hours. [1 mark mark each] each] fly New York York to to Los matter of hours. [1

(i) (a) becomes (i) (a) becomes

(b) became (b) became

(c) become have become (C) have

(d) become has become (d) has

(ii) (a) take (ii) (a) take

(b) takes (b) takes

(c) took (C) took

(d) was taking taking (d) was

(iii) (a) is (iii) (a) is

(b) was (b) was

(c) be will be (C) will

(d) been has been (d) has

(iv) (a) changed (iv) (a) changed

(b) is changing changing (b) is

(c) has changed changed (C) has

(d) have changed changed (d) have

Ans. become (i) (d) (d) has has become Ans. (i) (ii) (a) (ii) (a) take take (iii) (b) (iii) (b) was was (iv) (d) changed (iv) (d) have have changed

(i) ................... ................. other animals in (ii) ................... ................. any difficulty, it (iii) Q. 8. 8. An An elephant elephant (i) other animals in intelligence. intelligence. Whenever Whenever it it (ii) any difficulty, it (iii) Q. ................... aa way Thus, it it (iv) one of in the ................. way out. out. Thus, (iv) ................... ................. one of the the most most difficult difficult animals animals in the world world to to tame. tame. [1 [1 mark mark each] each] (i) (a) excels (b) excelled (c) is excelling excelling (d) (i) (a) excels (b) excelled (c) is (d) was was excelled excelled (ii) (a) faced (b) be facing facing (c) faces (d) faced (ii) (a) faced (b) will will be (c) faces (d) has has faced (iii) (a) find (b) finds (c) find (d) found (iii) (a) find (b) finds (c) will will find (d) had had found (iv) (a) is (b) was (c) been (d) been (iv) (a) is (b) was (c) has has been (d) had had been Ans. (i) (a) (a) excels excels Ans. (i) (ii) (c) faces (ii) (c) faces (iii) (b) finds (iii) (b) finds (iv) (a) is (iv) (a) is Q. 9. 9. II (i) ……. him ……. till (i) ........ him here here yesterday. yesterday. He He (ii) (ii) ........ till today. today. No No one one (iii) (iii) ………. ......... .. what what has has happened happened to to him. him. II am am Q. [1 (iv) …….. about about him. is safe. safe. [1 mark mark each] each] (iv) ......... him. II hope hope he he is (i) (a) expects (i) (a) expects

(b) expected (b) expected

(c) expecting (d) expected (c) will will be be expecting (d) was was expected

(ii) (a) (ii) (a) was was not not coming coming

(b) is not coming (b) is not coming

(c) (c) has has not not come come

(d) come (d) will will not not come

(iii) (a) know (iii) (a) know

(b) knows (b) knows

(c) knew (c) knew

(d) is knowing (d) is knowing

(iv) (a) worrying (iv) (a) worrying

(b) worried (b) worried

(c) (c) will will be be worrying worrying

(d) (d) have have worried worried

Ans. expected Ans. (i) (i) (b) (b) expected (ii) (c) come (ii) (c) has has not not come (iii) (b) (iii) (b) knows knows (iv) (b) (iv) (b) worried worried Q. 10. 10. Yesterday Yesterday aa blue blue line line bus bus (i) ……. over school boy boy who ……. the The boy boy was injured seriously seriously and (i) ........ over aa school who (ii) (ii) ........ the road. road. The was injured and Q. was The passengers …….. hold ……. him was rushed rushed to to the the hospital. hospital. The passengers (iii) (iii) ......... hold of of the the driver driver and and (iv) (iv) ........ him over over to to the the police. police. [1 mark mark each] each] [1 (i) (a) (i) (a) run run

(b) runs (b) runs

(c) ran (c) ran

(d) be running (d) will will be running

(ii) (a) crosses (ii) (a) crosses

(b) crossed (b) crossed

(c) is crossing (c) is crossing

(d) crossing (d) was was crossing

(iii) (a) catches (iii) (a) catches

(b) (b) caught caught

(c) caught (c) was was caught

(d) catching (d) catching

(iv) (a) handed (iv) (a) handed

(b) (b) was was handed handed

(c) be handed (c) will will be handed

(d) (d) had had handed handed



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Ans. Ans. (i) (i) (c) (c) ran ran (ii) (d) crossing (ii) (d) was was crossing (iii) (b) caught (iii) (b) caught (iv) (a) (iv) (a) handed handed

Q. wedding procession procession was was yet yet to to start. (i) ……. ....... for Q. 11. 11. The The wedding start. It It (i) for us We (ii) all. But But when us to to reach. reach. We (ii) …… . .. . . . not not to to dance dance at at all. when we we (iii) …… the scene, we (iv) …… into it. [1 mark each] [1 mark each] . the scene, we (iv) . .. . . . into it. (iii) ..... (c) is waiting (c) is waiting

(d) been waiting had been waiting (d) had

(ii) (a) decided (ii) (a) decided

(b) (b) had had decided decided

(c) is deciding (c) is deciding

(d) be decided will be decided (d) will

(iii) (a) reached (iii) (a) reached

(b) reaches (b) reaches

(c) is reaching (c) is reaching

(d) be reaching will be reaching (d) will

(iv) (a) drew (iv) (a) drew

(b) (b) draws draws

(c) (c) were were drawn drawn

(d) is drawing drawing (d) is

(i) (a) been waiting (b) has been waiting (b) was was waiting waiting (i) (a) has

Ans. been waiting Ans. (i) (i) (d) (d) had had been waiting (ii) (b) (ii) (b) had had decided decided (iii) (a) (iii) (a) reached reached (iv) (c) (iv) (c) were were drawn drawn Q. 12. 12. The The shot shot wounded elephant. It It (i) back into into the forest. II (ii) it but but could could not catch it. it. II Q. wounded the the elephant. (i) ……. ........ back the forest. (ii) …… . . . ... after after it not catch [1 (iii) …….. it it in in the and (iv) ……. empty [1 mark mark reach] reach] (iii) ......... the dark dark and (iv) ........ empty handed. handed. (i) (a) rushed (i) (a) rushed

(b) rush (b) rush

(c) rushes (c) rushes

(d) been rushed (d) had had been rushed

(ii) (a) runs (ii) (a) runs

(b) ran (b) ran

(c) running (c) running

(d) (d) will will run run

(iii) (a) loses (iii) (a) loses

(b) losing (b) losing

(c) lost (c) lost

(d) lose (d) will will lose

(iv) (a) returned (iv) (a) returned

(b) returning (b) returning

(c) is returning (c) is returning

(d) (d) will will return return

Ans. Ans. (i) (i) (a) (a) rushed rushed (ii) (b) ran (ii) (b)ran (iii) (c) lost (iii) (c) lost (iv) (a) (iv) (a) returned returned Q. 13. 13. It cold wintry It (i) …… since since morning. A traveller somehow managed secluded farm farm It was was aa cold wintry night. night. It (i) ....... morning. A traveller somehow managed to to reach reach aa secluded Q. house …….. . He at the for somebody somebody (iii) …… the house after after the the night night (ii) (ii) ........... He knocked knocked at the door door and and waited waited for (iii) ....... the door. door. Perhaps Perhaps the farmer (iv) ……. to sleep after labour in in the fields and and there in spite spite the tired tired farmer (iv) ........ to sleep after the the day’s day's hard hard labour the rice rice fields there was was no no response response in of [1 mark mark each] each] [1 of the the repeated repeated knocks. knocks. (i) (a) raining (i) (a) raining

(b) rained (b) rained

(c) (c) was was raining raining

(d) been raining (d) had had been raining

(ii) fallen (ii) (a) (a) has has fallen

(b) fallen (b) had had fallen

(c) is falling falling (c) is

(d) falls (d) falls

(iii) (a) (iii) (a) open open

(b) opening (b) opening

(c) (c) has has opened opened

(d) (d) to to open open

(iv) (a) (iv) (a) to to go go

(b) is going (b) is going

(c) (c) had had gone gone

(d) goes (d) goes

Ans. been raining Ans. (i) (i) (d) (d) had had been raining (ii) (b) fallen (ii) (b) had had fallen (iii) (d) open (iii) (d) to to open (iv) (c) (iv) (c) had had gone gone

nnn

C CH HA APPTTEERR

4

CLAUSES CLAUSES

Introduction









A clause is group of words that that includes verb. A A clause distinguished from phrase, which which A clause is aa group of words includes aa subject subject and and aa verb. clause can can be be distinguished from aa phrase, does contain aa subject subject and verb (e.g., in the from the bowl). does not not contain and aa verb (e.g., in the afternoon, afternoon, drinking drinking from the bowl). Clauses are of of two Clauses are two types: types: (i) Independent clause (ii) (ii) Dependent Dependent clause clause (i) Independent clause Scan to know know more more Scan to (i) An independent clause can and can be aa standalone standalone sentence. sentence. (i) An independent clause can express express aa complete complete thought thought and can be about about this topic this topic (ii) A dependent clause is is usually supporting part of aa sentence, sentence, and it cannot stand by by itself itself (ii) A dependent clause usually aa supporting part of and it cannot stand as as aa meaningful meaningful proposition proposition (idea). (idea). Examples of Independent Examples of Independent Clauses Clauses Here are some some examples examples of of independent independent clauses clauses :: Here are Independent Independent & & Vineeta she watched Vineeta ate ate aa jam jam roll roll after after she watched the the news. news. Dependent clauses Dependent clauses (Vineeta is an an independent independent clause. clause. It It works standalone sentence.) sentence.) (Vineeta ate ate aa jam jam roll roll is works as as aa standalone Even though though his his mother mother was was aa driving driving instructor, my cousin his driving driving test test six times. Even instructor, my cousin failed failed his six times. Examples of Dependent Clauses Examples of Dependent Clauses Here are the same examples examples with clauses :: Here are the same with the the dependent dependent clauses Scan to Scan to know know Vineeta after she she watched Vineeta ate ate aa cheese cheese role role after watched the the news. news. more more about about this topic this topic (The after she she watched is aa dependent as aa standalone standalone (The clause clause after watched the the news news is dependent clause. clause. It It does does not not work work as sentence.) sentence.) Even though though his his mother mother was was aa driving driving instructor, my cousin his driving driving test test six times. Even instructor, my cousin failed failed his six times. These two subordinate clauses) clauses) could could have been independent independent clauses. clauses. These two dependent dependent clauses clauses (or (or subordinate have been However, the the opening opening word(s) word(s) (in (in these these examples turned them them into However, examples after, after, even even though, though, and and but) but) turned into Noun Noun Clauses Clauses dependent clauses. The The opening opening words are known of which is dependent clauses. words are known as as dependent dependent words, words, the the main main type type of which is subordinating subordinating conjunctions. conjunctions. How are Clauses used in How are Clauses used in Sentences Sentences ?? Clauses can play in sentences. sentences. A A clause can act act as noun, an an adjective adjective or an adverb. adverb. Clauses can play aa variety variety of of roles roles in clause can as aa noun, or an Noun Noun Clauses Clauses cannot remember remember what what II said night. II cannot said last last night. Scan to Scan to know know more more about about (In clause acts acts like like aa noun.) (In this this example, example, the the clause noun.) this topic this topic Compare the the example, example, mentioned mentioned above, above, to to this this one: one: Compare II cannot speech. cannot remember remember my my speech. z In the the above the clause what II said night' is working as as aa noun noun as as it gives you you the the In above example example the clause ‘what said last last night’ is working it gives answer ‘what’ answer of of 'what' Clauses in in Clauses What could could II not said last last night/speech. What not remember remember ?? ..... what what II said night/speech. Sentences Sentences II believe believe that that you you are are right right





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What II believe believe ?? ...... that What that you you are are right right It is true stolen my It is true that that he he has has stolen my watch. watch. What is is true stolen my What true ..... that that he he has has stolen my watch. watch. Adjective Adjective Clauses Clauses My in the canal to My water-shy water-shy dog, dog, who who usually usually refuses refuses to to go go near near the the water, water, dived dived in the canal to chase chase aa water water vole. vole. (In this this example, example, the the clause an adjective.) (In clause acts acts like like an adjective.) Compare the example example above above to to this this :: Compare the My in the canal to chase aa water My water-shy water-shy dog dog dived dived in the canal to chase water vole. vole. (water-shy = = adjective) adjective) (water-shy An adjective clause, clause, like an adjective, tells you you something the noun. noun. An adjective like an adjective, tells something about about the For example For example :: The man the green green cap cap is is my father. The man who who is is wearing wearing the my father. z Thus, ‘who is wearing is giving additional information information about about the and so so is is an an adjective adjective Thus, who is wearing aa green green cap’ cap' is giving you you additional the noun noun and clause. clause. Some more more examples examples :: Some The place beautiful. The place where where II went went yesterday yesterday was was beautiful. The teacher, in grade five, met The teacher, who who taught taught me me in grade five, met me me yesterday. yesterday.



Adverbial Adverbial Clauses Clauses



An adverbial clause (or an group of words which which plays plays the the role role of An adverbial clause (or an adverb adverb clause) clause) is is aa group of words of an an adverb. adverb. For example :: For example Keep Keep hitting hitting the the gong gong hourly. hourly. (normal adverb) (normal adverb) Keep stop. Keep hitting hitting the the gong gong until until II tell tell you you to to stop. (adverbial clause) (adverbial clause) In the the examples the normal normal adverb clause both tell us us when when the the gong gong is to be hit. They In examples above, above, the adverb and and adverbial adverbial clause both tell is to be hit. They are are both adverbs All adverbs adverbial clauses) clauses) can be categorized as one one of following :: both adverbs of of time. time. All adverbs (including (including adverbial can usually usually be categorized as of the the following Adverb Clause of of Time Time Adverb Clause An adverb of of time time states when something happens or or how how often. An adverb of time time often with one one of of the the An adverb states when something happens often. An adverb of often starts starts with following subordinating conjunctions i.e., after, as, long as, as, as soon as, as, before, before, no sooner than, since, until, following subordinating conjunctions i.e., after, as, as as long as soon no sooner than, since, until, when when or are some some examples examples :: or while. while. Here Here are After the game game has has finished, the king king and and pawn pawn go go into the same (Italian Proverb). Proverb). After the finished, the into the same box. box. (Italian







II stopped stopped believing believing in in Santa Santa Claus see him in aa department store, and and he asked for for my Claus when when my my mother mother took took me me to to see him in department store, he asked my autograph. Temple) autograph. (Shirley (Shirley Temple)



As soon soon as as you live. (Johann Wolfgang vo As you trust trust yourself, yourself, you you will will know know how how to to live. (Johann Wolfgang vo Goethe) Goethe) Adverb Clause of of Place Place Adverb Clause An adverb adverb of states where something happens. An adverb of place starts with in, on, An of place place states where something happens. An adverb of place often often starts with aa preposition preposition (e.g., (e.g., in, on, near) or one of of the the following anywhere, everywhere, everywhere, where where or or wherever. wherever. Here near) or one following subordinating subordinating conjunctions conjunctions i.e., i.e., anywhere, Here are are some examples some examples :: In is so so much be done, felt strongly strongly impressed impressed that be something something for for me In aa world world where where there there is much to to be done, II felt that there there must must be me to to do. do. (Dorothea (Dorothea Dix) Dix) II am am not scaffold, or sword. II will Jones) not afraid afraid of of the the pen, pen, the the scaffold, or the the sword. will tell tell the the truth truth wherever wherever II please. please. (Mother (Mother Jones) Adverb Clause of of Manner Adverb Clause Manner An adverb of of manner manner states how something done. An adverb of of manner manner often often starts with one one of of the the following An adverb states how something is is done. An adverb starts with following subordinating conjunctions conjunctions i.e., i.e., as, like or are some some examples examples :: subordinating as, like or the the way. way. Here Here are He like it it is is aa joke. He acts acts like joke. We don’t conversations. You at me student. We don't have have conversations. You talk talk at me the the way way aa teacher teacher talks talks to to aa naughty naughty student. Except for an occasional heart attack, II feel feel as as II ever Except for an occasional heart attack, as young young as ever did. did. (Robert (Robert Benchley) Benchley) Adverb Clause of of Degree Comparison Adverb Clause Degree or or Comparison An degree states to what what degree degree something done or or offers offers aa comparison. comparison. An adverb of degree often An adverb adverb of of degree states to something is is done An adverb of degree often starts with of the following subordinating subordinating conjunctions conjunctions i.e., i.e., than, as...as, so...as, are some some starts with one one of the following than, as. ..as, so.. .as, or or the...the. the...the. Here Here are examples examples ::









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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

A vacuum vacuum is is aa hell lot better better than some of stuff that it with. Williams) A hell of of aa lot than some of the the stuff that nature nature replaces replaces it with. (Tennessee (Tennessee Williams) He is as as smart smart as as he is tall. He is he is tall. She is is not so bright bright as she thinks she is. is. She not so as she thinks she Sometimes, the verb in in an an adverb adverb of is understood Sometimes, the verb of degree degree is understood (i.e., (z.e., not not present). present). For For example example :: You are taller I. You are taller than than I. (In been omitted. This is is permissible.) (In this this example, example, the the verb verb am am has has been omitted. This permissible.) You are taller am. You are taller than than II am. (This is the full version.) version.) (This is the full You are taller You are taller than than me. me. (This is the colloquial version. This version irk some some of of your but it it is is acceptable.) (This is the colloquial version. This version might might irk your grammar-savvy grammar-savvy readers, readers, but acceptable.)



Adverb Clause of of Condition Adverb Clause Condition



An adverb of of condition the condition the main main idea to come come into adverb of of condition An adverb condition states states the condition for for the idea to into effect. effect. An An adverb condition often often starts with ‘if ’ or ‘unless’. Here are some some examples examples :: starts with 'if' or 'unless'. Here are If the the facts don't fit the theory, theory, change the facts. (Albert Einstein) Einstein) If facts don’t fit the change the facts. (Albert If the the English English language made any any sense, would be apostrophe with with fur. (Doug Larson) Larson) If language made sense, aa catastrophe catastrophe would be an an apostrophe fur. (Doug If all all the the rich rich people people in the world world divided divided up up their their money money among among themselves, themselves, there there wouldn’t wouldn't be to go go If in the be enough enough to around. Stead, 1903-1983) 1903-1983) around. (Christian (Christian Stead, Adverb Clause of of Concession Adverb Clause Concession







An adverb adverb of of concession statement which contrasts with idea. An An adverb concession often often An concession offers offers aa statement which contrasts with the the main main idea. adverb of of concession starts with one of following subordinating subordinating conjunctions conjunctions :: though, starts with one of the the following though, although, although, even even though, though, while, while, whereas whereas or or even if. Here are some some examples examples :: even if. Here are Although golf originally restricted overweight Protestants, it’s open open to anybody who Although golf was was originally restricted to to wealthy, wealthy, overweight Protestants, today today it's to anybody who owns owns hideous hideous clothing. clothing. (Dave (Dave Barry) Barry) A loud loud voice complete with voice, even if it's it’s aa whisper. Kaufman) A voice cannot cannot complete with aa clear clear voice, even if whisper. (Barry (Barry Neil Neil Kaufman)



Adverb Clause of of Reason Adverb Clause Reason



An reason offers offers aa reason reason for the main main idea. reason often often starts with one the following An adverb adverb of of reason for the idea. An An adverb adverb of of reason starts with one of of the following subordinating as, because, given or or since. Here are subordinating conjunctions conjunctions :: as, because, given since. Here are some some examples examples :: II don’t bank account, account, because because II don’t don't have have aa bank don't know know my my mother’s mother's maiden maiden name. name. (Paula (Paula Poundstone) Poundstone) Since you are like like no being ever since the beginning of of time, incomparable. Since you are no other other being ever created created since the beginning time, you you are are incomparable.





Kinds of Sentences Sentences Kinds of



1. 1.

Simple Sentence Simple Sentence A A simple simple sentence, sentence, also also called called an an independent independent clause, clause, contains contains aa subject subject and and aa verb verb and and it it expresses expresses aa complete complete thought. following simple simple sentences, sentences, subjects subjects are are in in bold bold and are in in italics. italics. thought. In In the the following and verbs verbs are 1. Some students students like like to to study the mornings. mornings. 1. Some study in in the 2. Juan and Arturo Arturo play play football every afternoon. afternoon. 2. Juan and football every 3. library and every day. 3. Alicia Alicia goes goes to to the the library and studies studies every day. The three examples above are all all simple simple sentences. sentences. Note sentence 2 2 contains contains aa compound compound subject subject and and sentence sentence The three examples above are Note that that sentence contains compound verb. verb. Simple Simple sentences, sentences, therefore, contain aa subject subject and and verb express aa complete complete thought, contains aa compound therefore, contain verb and and express thought, but they contain compound compound subjects subjects or verbs. but they can can also also contain or verbs. Compound Sentence 2. 2. Compound Sentence A compound sentence contains contains two independent clauses clauses joined by aa coordinator. The coordinators coordinators are are as as follows follows A compound sentence two independent joined by coordinator. The for, and, but, or, or, yet, so. (Helpful The first first letter letter of each of of the coordinators spells spells Fanboys.) :: for, and, nor, nor, but, yet, so. (Helpful hint hint :: The of each the coordinators Fanboys.) Except Except for very short sentences, sentences, coordinators are always by aa comma. comma. In In the following compound sentences, for very short coordinators are always preceded preceded by the following compound sentences, subjects are are in in bold, bold, verbs verbs are in italics and the coordinators and commas that are in in bold. subjects are in italics and the coordinators and the the commas that precede precede them them are bold. 1. II tried speak Spanish, Spanish, and and my friend tried speak English. 1. tried to to speak my friend tried to to speak English. 2. football, so so Maria went shopping. shopping. 2. Alejandro Alejandro played played football, Maria went 3. football, for shopping. 3. Alejandro Alejandro played played football, for Maria Maria went went shopping. The above above three sentences are are compound sentences. Each sentence contains independent clauses The three sentences compound sentences. Each sentence contains two two independent clauses and and they they are by aa coordinator coordinator with comma preceding it. Note change are joined joined by with aa comma preceding it. Note how how the the conscious conscious use use of of coordinators coordinators can can change the of the sentences. Sentences Sentences 2 2 and and 3, 3, for for example, are identical identical except for the coordinators. In In sentence sentence the meaning meaning of the sentences. example, are except for the coordinators. 2, which first ?? Obviously, “Alejandro played football” first first and and as consequence, "Maria “Maria went 2, which action action occurred occurred first Obviously, "Alejandro played football" as aa consequence, went shopping.” In sentence 3, 3, "Maria “Maria went shopping” first. first. Here, “Alejandro played football” because, because, possibly, shopping." In sentence went shopping" Here, "Alejandro played football" possibly, he he didn’t for or because "Maria “Maria went shopping.” didn't have have anything anything else else to to do, do, for or because went shopping."





CLAUSES CLAUSES

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3. 3.

Complex Sentence Sentence Complex A complex sentence has an joined by one or or more more dependent dependent clauses. clauses. A A complex sentence has an independent independent clause clause joined by one A complex complex sentence sentence always subordinator such such as as because, because, since, since, after, after, although, although, or or aa relative always has has aa subordinator or when when (and (and many many others) others) or relative pronoun pronoun such who, or or which. which. In the following are in are in the such as as that, that, who, In the following complex complex sentences, sentences, subjects subjects are in bold, bold, verbs verbs are in italics italics and and the subordinators and commas (when are in in bold. subordinators and their their commas (when required) required) are bold. 1. When When he he handed handed in in his he forgot last page. 1. his homework, homework, he forgot to to give give the the teacher teacher the the last page. 2. The teacher returned the the homework homework after noticed the the error. 2. The teacher returned after she she noticed error. 3. The are studying they have have a a test 3. The students students are studying because because they test tomorrow. tomorrow. 4. After they finished studying, studying, Juan Maria went went to to the the movies. movies. 4. After they finished Juan and and Maria 5. Juan Juan and and Maria after, they studying. 5. Maria went went to to the the movies movies after, they finished finished studying. When aa complex with aa subordinator required at the When complex sentence sentence begins begins with subordinator such such as as sentences sentences 11 and and 4, 4, aa comma comma is is required at the end clause. When When the independent clause clause begins begins the sentence with subordinators in in the end of of the the dependent dependent clause. the independent the sentence with subordinators the middle as in in sentences sentences 2, 2, 33 and comma is is required. If aa comma is placed before the subordinators in in middle as and 55 no no comma required. If comma is placed before the subordinators sentences 2, 2, 33 and it is is wrong. sentences and 55 it wrong. Note sentences 4 4 and and 55 are are the same except except sentence sentence 4 4 begins begins with clause which is followed followed Note that, that, sentences the same with the the dependent dependent clause which is by aa comma comma and and sentence sentence 55 begins begins with independent clause The comma by with the the independent clause which which contains contains no no comma. comma. The comma after after the in sentence sentence 4 4 is is required and experienced experienced listeners listeners of often hear slight the dependent dependent clause clause in required and of English English will will often hear aa slight pause sentence 5, 5, however, be no independent clause begins the sentence. pause there. there. In In sentence however, there there will will be no pause pause when when the the independent clause begins the sentence.



EXERCISE EXERCISE Q. 1. 1. Choose the correct correct option option to complete the the Q. Choose the to complete following sentences: sentences: (1 mark each) each) following (1 mark (i) old friend friend ................... aa lawyer. lawyer. (i) Ravi Ravi met met his his old (a) is now (b) is now (a) whom whom is now (b) which which is now (c) is now (d) is now (c) who who is now (d) whose whose is now Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. (ii) am not interested in in ................... . (ii) II am not interested (a) or not (a) how how you you pass pass or not (b) or not (b) whether whether you you pass pass or not (c) as your (c) just just as your pass pass or or not not (d) (d) after after you you pass pass or or not not Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is (iii) Can so rudely? (iii) Can your your tell tell me me ................... so rudely? (a) behaved (a) how how you you behaved (b) behaved (b) that that you you behaved (c) behaved (c) why why you you behaved (d) behaved (d) which which you you behaved Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. (iv) ................... late is is certain. certain. (iv) late (a) That he be (b) When he (a) That he will will be (b) When he will will be be (c) be (d) Where he be (c) If If he he will will be (d) Where he will will be Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. Q. 2. 2. State the type type of of clause clause in the underlined underlined phrase Q. State the in the phrase by ticking ticking the the correct correct option: (1 mark each) each) by option: (1 mark (i) bell till stop. (i) Keep Keep ringing ringing the the bell till II tell tell you you to to stop. (a) Adjective clause Adverb clause clause (a) Adjective clause (b) (b) Adverb (c) clause (d) (c) Noun Noun clause (d) None None of of these these Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is (ii) The girl, is wearing is my (ii) The girl, who who is wearing pink pink dress, dress, is my sister. sister. (a) clause (b) Adverb clause clause (a) Noun Noun clause (b) Adverb (c) Adjective clause (c) Adjective clause (d) (d) None None of of these these Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is is correct. (iii) As entered, the bell rang. (iii) As II entered, the phone phone bell rang. (a) clause (b) Adverb clause clause (a) Noun Noun clause (b) Adverb (c) Adjective clause (c) Adjective clause (d) (d) None None of of these these Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is

(iv) Is it true stolen your books? (iv) Is it true that that he he has has stolen your books? (a) Adverb clause clause (b) clause (a) Adverb (b) Noun Noun clause (c) Adjective clause (c) Adjective clause (d) (d) None None of of these these Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is Q. 3. the following following pair of sentences sentences into one Q. 3. Combine Combine the pair of into one complex sentence by using using noun noun clauses clauses :(1 :(1 mark mark complex sentence by each) each) (i) II could could not am sorry sorry to (i) not attend attend the the meeting. meeting. II am to tell tell you you this. this. (ii) first prize. am pleased (ii) You You have have won won the the first prize. II am pleased to to hear hear this. this. (iii) Someone had (iii) Someone had robbed robbed him him of of his his purse. purse. He He told told me me this. this. (iv) There is is something something in in store store for for us. (iv) There us. Nobody Nobody knows knows this. this. (v) Where were were you born ?? Do Do you (v) Where you born you remember remember this this ?? (vi) Who had stolen the bag of Sheikh (vi) Who had stolen the bag of money money ?? Sheikh soon found found it it out. soon out. (vii) Will you The mother (vii) Will you not not mend mend your your ways ways ?? The mother asked asked him him this. this. (viii) Did break the The (viii) Did you you break the window window pane pane ?? The teacher asked me teacher asked me this. this. (ix) is absolutely absolutely honest. This will be (ix) He He is honest. This will be admitted by everyone. admitted by everyone. (x) about my brother’s (x) II was was delighted. delighted. II heard heard about my brother's safe arrival. arrival. safe (xi) shall stand stand first first in in the examination. It It is is (xi) He He shall the examination. certain. certain. (xii) waste his This is is certain. certain. (xii) He He will will waste his time. time. This (xiii) A serpent serpent swallows swallows the (xiii) A the moon moon during during the the eclipse. This belief belief still still exists. eclipse. This exists. (xiv) There had been aa big big fire fire in in the library. The The (xiv) There had been the library. rumour be true. rumour proved proved to to be true. (xv) The patient soon recover. The doctor (xv) The patient will will soon recover. The doctor said so. so. said (xvi) be guilty. say. (xvi) He He may may be guilty. II cannot cannot say.

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

Ans. Ans. (i) (i)

am sorry sorry to could not attend II am to tell tell you you that that II could not attend the the meeting. meeting. (ii) (ii) I am pleased pleased to to hear hear that that you you have have won won the the first prize. prize. (iii) (iii) He He told told me me that that someone had had robbed robbed him him of his his purse. purse. (iv) is in in store store for for us. (iv) Nobody Nobody knows knows what what is us. (v) (v) Do Do you you remember remember where where you you were were born? (vi) The Sheikh Sheikh soon soon found found out out who stolen (vi) The who had had stolen the the bag of money. money. (vii) The mother if he (vii) The mother asked asked him him if he would would not not mend mend his his ways. ways. (viii) The teacher asked me if II had broken the (viii) The teacher asked me if had broken the window window pane. pane. (ix) (ix) That he he is absolutely absolutely honest honest will will be admitted by everyone. (x) (x) I was was delighted delighted to to hear hear that that my my brother had had arrived safely. arrived safely. (xi) (xi) It is certain that that he he will will stand first in the the examination. (xii) (xii) That he he will will waste waste his his time time is certain. certain. (xiii) The belief that that a serpent swallows the the moon moon (xiii) during exists. during the the eclipse still exists. (xiv) (xiv) The rumour rumour that that there there had had been a big fire in the library proved be true. the library proved to to be true. (xv) The doctor said that soon (xv) The doctor said that the the patient patient would would soon recover. recover. (xvi) (xvi) I cannot say if he he may may be guilty. guilty. 4. Combine Q. 4. Combine the following pairs pairs of sentences sentences into one one complex Adjective Clauses: Clauses: complex sentence by using Adjective (1 each) (1 mark each) (i) Here is my my best friend. II like him him very much. much. (i) Here (ii) (ii) There goes goes my my neighbour. neighbour. I dislike dislike him him most. most. (iii) (iii) There were were many many poets. poets. Among them them there there z was Jallandhary.’ was ‘Qais Qais Jallandhary/ (iv) Some persons They (iv) Some persons were were present present there. there. They were were not not known known to to me. me. (v) She is is my cousin. II often often study study with (v) She my cousin. with her. her. (vi) (vi) I do do not not like such men. men. They always always try try to to grind axe. grind their their own own axe. (vii) in the (vii) You You did did not not take take part part in the games games yesterday. yesterday. Can you you tell tell me me the the reason reason ? (viii) In aa corner corner of (viii) In of his his garden garden he he dug dug aa hole. hole. He He buried his in that buried his gold gold in that hole. hole. (ix) He He owns owns aa dog. dog. The children children are frightened (ix) of it. of it. (x) A man man stole a suit length from our our shop. I (x) recognize recognize the the man. man. (xi) He He wishes wishes to to succeed and he he works works hard. hard. (xi) (xii) (xii) He He has has committed committed a mistake. mistake. He He must must feel sorry. Ans. Here is my best friend friend whom like very very Ans. (i) (i) Here is my best whom II like much. much. (ii) (ii) There goes goes my my neighbour neighbour whom whom I dislike dislike most. most. (iii) (iii) There were were many many poets poets among whom whom was ‘Qais Jallandhary/ Jallandhary.’ 'Qais (iv) Some persons (iv) Some persons who who were were present present there there were were not not known known to to me. me. (v) (v) She is my my cousin with with whom I often study.

(vi) like such such men always try (vi) II do do not not like men who who always try to to grind grind their their own own axe. (vii) (vii) Can Can you you tell tell me me the the reason reason why why you you did did not not take take part part in the the games games yesterday yesterday ? (viii) In aa corner corner of of his in (viii) In his garden garden he he dug dug aa hole hole in which he buried his gold. (ix) He He owns owns a dog dog which which the the children are (ix) of. frightened of. (x) (x) I recognize recognize the the man man who who stole a suit-length from our shop. (xi) He He works works hard hard so that that he he may may succeed. (xi) (xii) (xii) He He has has committed a mistake mistake for which which he he must feel sorry. sorry. must feel 5. (i) Q. 5. (i) Combine Combine the following sets of sentences sentences as directed directed :: [[11 × X2 = = 2] (a) (a) I do do not not think think it to to be a good good suggestion. I shall not act upon it. shall not act upon it. (Compound Sentence) (Compound Sentence) (b) (b) He owns owns a dog. dog. The children are it. (Complex Sentence) frightened of of it. (Complex Sentence) Ans. it to be aa good suggestion, Ans. (i) (i) (a) (a) II do do not not think think it to be good suggestion, therefore, therefore, I shall not not act upon upon it. (b) (b) He He owns a dog which the the children are of. frightened of. (ii) Combine the following pairs pairs of (ii) Combine of sentences sentences into into turning the italicized one sentence by turning italicized sentence into clause: into a noun clause: [[11 × x 22 = = 2] 2] (a) honest. (a) He He is absolutely honest. This will be admitted admitted by by every every one. one. This will be (b) The child will be well (b) The will be well soon. soon. The doctor doctor is hopeful hopeful of this. this. Ans. Ans. (a) (a) That he he is absolutely honest honest will will be admitted by everyone. everyone. by (b) (b) The doctor doctor is hopeful hopeful that that the the child will will be well well soon. (iii) Combine the following pairs pairs of (iii) Combine of sentences sentences into into one complex complex sentence one sentence :: [[11 × X 33 = = 3] 3] (a) ill. (a) Do Do not not eat eat too too much. much. You You will will be ill. (b) (b) He He will will be late. That is certain. (c) could scarcely scarcely stand. stand. (c) He He was was quite quite tired. tired. He He could Ans. lest you should be be ill. ill. Ans. (a) (a) Do Do not not eat eat too too much much lest you should (b) (b) That he he will will be late is certain. (c) scarcely stand. (c) He He was so tired tired that that he he could scarcely (iv) Combine (iv) Combine the following sentences by using relative clauses clauses :: relative [[11 × X 33 = = 3] 3] (a) (a) He He found the the book interesting. It had had been given to to him him by his his friend. given (b) (b) She blushed deeply. deeply. This was was at at my my mentioning mentioning the the matter. matter. (c) (c) John locked up up Delilah in a coal-cellar. coal-cellar. He He knew knew it would would be impossible for her her to to escape from there. there. Ans. found the book interesting, interesting, which Ans. (a) (a) He He found the book which had had been given to him by his friend. (b) She (b) She blushed deeply deeply when I mentioned mentioned the the matter. matter. (c) John locked locked up in aa coal-cellar coal-cellar from from (c) John up Delilah Delilah in where where he he knew knew it would would be be impossible for her her to to escape.

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Syllabus Syllabus

GAP FILLING GAP FILLING (Tenses, Clauses) Clauses) (Tenses,

Questions on on Gap Gap filling (Tenses, Clauses) Clauses) Questions filling (Tenses, b

Fill in in blanks with the Fill blanks with the appropriate appropriate option option given given below. below.

[1 [1 mark mark each] each]

Scan to know know Scan to more more about about this this topic topic

Q. 1. Asaf Asaf Khan expedition against against the Khan who who (a) (a) ..............the the expedition the city, city, (b) (b) .............. Q. 1. that little country by aa woman that the the little country which which (c) (c) .............. by woman would would (d) (d) .............. very easily without (e) (e) .............. even even aa blow. to his his surprise he very easily without blow. It It was was to surprise when when he (f) strong resistance. (f) .............. that that the the city city (g) (g) .............. to to offer offer aa strong resistance. He He (h) (h) .............. with with him him only only Gap Gap aa small small force force to fight the battle. to fight the battle. Filling Filling (a) (i) led (ii) led (iii) (a) (i) had had led (iii) w w aass ll eeaaddi ni ng g (ii) led (iv) has led (iv) has led (b) (i) expected (ii) been expecting (iv) (ii) has has been expecting (iii) (iii) had had expected expected (b) (i) expected was expected expected (iv) was (iii) is ruled (c) (i) (ii) (iii) is ruled (iv) was (c) (i) rule rule (ii) was was ruled ruled ruling (iv) was ruling (iii) will will be taken (d) (i) (ii) be taken (iii) be taken (iv) is taking (d) (i) was was taken taken (ii) be taken is taking (iv) (e) (i) striking (ii) is striking striking (iii) been striking striking (iv) struck (iii) has has been (e) (i) striking (ii) is has struck (iv) has (f) found (ii) found (iii) finds (iv) will find (ii) had had found (iii) finds will find (f) (i) (i) found (iv) (g) (ii) is preparing (iii) (iv) is prepared (g) (i) (i) was was preparing preparing (ii) is preparing (iii) was was prepared prepared is prepared (iv) (h) (i) (i) had had brought (ii) brought (iii) has has brought (h) brought (ii) brought (iii) brought (iv) been brought brought had been (iv) had [KVS, 2016 2016 Guwahati] [KVS, Guwahati] Ans. led (b) expected (c) was ruled (b) (iii) (iii) had had expected Ans. (a) (a) (ii) (ii)led (ii) was ruled (C) (ii) (i) found (d) be taken (e) striking (f) found (e) (i) (i) striking (d) (ii) (ii) be taken (f) (i) (h) (i) (i) had had brought. (g) (iii) (h) brought. (g) (iii) was was prepared prepared Q. 2. As As soon soon as saw the certainly that ought not Q. 2. as II saw the elephant, elephant, II knew knew certainly that II ought not (a) (a) .............. him. him. But But at at the the moment moment II (b) (b) .............. round at the followed me fun and and meat. The crowd crowd (d) round at the crowd crowd that that had had followed me and and were were eager eager (c) (c) .............. fun meat. The (d) .............. the the road for aa long long distance side. [1 mark mark each] each] road for distance on on either either side. [1 (a) shoots (ii) is shooting shooting (iii) shot (iv) shoot (iii) shot (iv) shoot (a) (i) (i) shoots (ii) is (b) (ii) (iii) is (iv) will be glancing glances glanced (iii) is glancing glancing (iv) will be glancing (b) (i) (i) glances (ii) glanced (iii) following (c) follow (ii) follows (iii) following (iv) followed (iv) had had followed (c) (i) (i) follow (ii) follows (d) blocked (ii) blocked (iii) will be blocked blocked (iv) blocks has blocked had blocked (iii) will be (iv) blocks (d) (i) (i) has (ii) had Ans. shoot (b) (c) (iv) followed (d) blocked Ans. (a) (a) (iv) (iv) shoot (ii) glanced glanced (c) (iv) had had followed (d) (ii) (ii) had had blocked (b) (ii) Q. 3. The The newspaper in search search of of his born twin. The babies babies were were Q. 3. newspaper recently recently (a) (a) .............. aa report report of of aa man man in his newly newly born twin. The missing at hospital birth to The hospital authorities claimed claimed that babies missing at hospital where where his his wife wife (b) (b) .............. birth to them. them. The hospital authorities that the the babies (c) but they over (d) bodies. Now, father (e) (c) .............. but they refused refused to to hand hand over (d) .............. bodies. Now, the the unfortunate unfortunate father (e) ….. aa complaint complaint with the the police. police. [1 with [1 mark mark each] each] (a) (ii) is carrying carrying (iii) will be carried carried (iv) (a) (i) (i) carries carries (ii) is (iii) will be (iv) carried carried (b) (ii) (iii) will be given (iv) (b) (i) (i) has has given given (ii) had had given given (iii) will be given (iv) giving giving

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

(c) (C) (d) (d) (e) (e) Ans. Ans. (a) (a) (d) (d)

(i) (i) to to die die (i) (i) theirs theirs (i) lodge (i) to to lodge (iv) (iv) carried (iv) (iv) their their

(ii) died (ii) has has died (ii) (ii) her her (ii) is lodging lodging (ii) is (b) (b) (ii) (ii) had had given given (e) (e) (iii) (iii) has has lodged

(iii) is (iii) is dying dying (iii) his (iii) his (iii) has lodged (iii) has lodged (c) (c) (iv) (iv) had had died died

(iv) died (iv) had had died (iv) (iv) their their (iv) lodges (iv) lodges

Q. 4. Yesterday, as II (a) along the ……. near A man by my first name. near me. me. A man (c) (c) …… ...... me me by my first name. II the mall, mall, aa taxi taxi (b) (b) ........ Q. 4. Yesterday, as (a) …… ...... along (d) as II failed failed to each] repeating my my name. name. [1 mark each] ...... as to recognize recognize the the man, man, who who (e) (e) ….... . . ..... and repeating (d) …… (a) (ii) is walking (iii) was (iv) been walking (i) walks walks (ii) is walking (iii) was walking walking (iv) had had been walking (a) (i) (b) stopped (ii) stops (iii) to stop (iv) stop (i) stopped (ii) stops (iii) to stop (iv) will will stop (b) (i) (c) (i) addressing (ii) addressed (iii) to address (iv) has addressed (i) addressing (ii) addressed (iii) to address (iv) has addressed (c) (d) is surprised surprised (ii) surprised (iii) surprising (iv) surprise (iii) surprising (i) is (ii) was was surprised (iv) to to surprise (d) (i) (e) (i) smiles (ii) to smile (iii) was smiling (iv) has been smiling smiling (i) smiles (ii) to smile (iii) was smiling (iv) has been (e) Ans. (a) (b) stopped (c) Ans. (a) (iii) (iii) was was walking walking (b) (i) (i) stopped (c) (ii) (ii) addressed addressed (d) was surprised surprised (e) smiling (ii) was (e) (iii) (iii) was was smiling (d) (ii)

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SENTENCE SENTENCE REORDERING REORDERING

Questions on on re-ordering re-ordering of of sentences Questions sentences

Syllabus Introduction

What is a a Sentence? What is Sentence? A group of words that that gives gives enough person to to form his mind mind A sentence sentence is is aa group of words enough information information for for aa person form aa complete complete idea idea in in his of is being being communicated communicated to of the the message message that that is to him. him. Structure Structure of of a a Sentence Sentence Scan to know know Scan to The sentence are are the subject, verb, complement and adverbial. A statement The parts parts of of aa sentence the subject, verb, object, object, complement and adverbial. A statement more more about about begins with subject and There are five main structures which begins with the the subject and the the verb. verb. There are five main structures which we we can can use use to to make make this topic topic this aa simple simple statement. statement. 1. 1. Subject Subject

Verb Verb

Sentence Sentence Reordering Reordering

a. a.

My My head head

is aching. aching. is

b. b.

Something Something

happened. happened.

c. c.

She She

laughed. laughed.

a. a.

They They

are moving are moving

the the refrigerator. refrigerator.

b. b.

He He

needs needs

aa rest. rest.

2. 2. Subject Subject

Verb Verb

Object Object

II c. went home. c. went home. The subject subject and and object can be be aa pronoun I) or (e.g. the The object can pronoun (e.g. (e.g. I) or aa noun noun phrase phrase (e.g. the refrigerator). refrigerator). 3. 3. Subject Subject

Verb Verb

Complement Complement

a. a.

This piano This piano

is is

heavy. heavy.

b. b.

It It

was was

aa big big problem. problem.

c. c.

This chapati chapati This

appears appears

stale. stale.

The complement complement can can be be an adjective (e.g. big problem). The complement complement often The an adjective (e.g. heavy) heavy) or or aa noun noun phrase phrase (e.g. (e.g. aa big problem). The often comes after be. be. It It can also come after appear, appear, become, become, get, feel, look, look, seem, seem, stay stay or or sound. sound. comes after can also come after get, feel, 4. Subject Subject

Verb Verb

Adverbial Adverbial

a. a.

Their house Their house

is is

nearby. nearby.

b. b.

The gift The gift

is is

in my in my pocket. pocket.

An adverbial can be be aa prepositional in my An adverbial can prepositional phrase phrase (e.g. (e.g. in my pocket) pocket) or or an an adverb adverb (e.g. (e.g. nearby). nearby).

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

5. 5. Subject Subject

Verb Verb

Object Object

me a. It is giving me b. My my my sister b. My father bought us c. He He brought us We use objects after verbs We use two two objects verbs like give give and send.

Object Object

a headache. headache. a watch. watch. a present. present.

EXERCISE EXERCISE Choose the correct correct option and rearrange rearrange the following Choose words or phrases phrases to make make meaningful sentences. sentences. words or [1 mark each] each] 1. 1. had had I/ winning winning aa medal medal / he he / my my1/ 1I told told him him I/ until until I/ about I/ known known I/ not not (A) (A) Until Until I told told him him he he had had not not known known about about my my winning winning aa medal. medal. (B) (B) He had had not not known known about my my winning winning a medal medal until until II told told him. him. (C) About my winning a medal he had not known (C) until until I told told him. him. (D) He had had not not known known until until II told told him him about my my (D) winning a medal. medal. winning Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is correct. 2. 2. on I/ my my bicycle bicycle / to to / go / 1I used used to to I/ my my school (A) bicycle. (A) I used used to to go to to my my school on my my bicycle. (B) I used to go to my bicycle (B) bicycle on my school. (C) I used used to to go on on my my bicycle my school. (C) bicycle on my (D) To my my school, II used used to to go go on my my bicycle. (D) bicycle. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. 3. boy I/ each each I/ was class I/ yesterday 3. boy was punished punished I/ of of the the class yesterday (A) Each boy was punished yesterday of the class. class. (A) (B) Yesterday each each of the the boy boy class was punished. punished. (B) class was (C) Each Each boy of of the the class was punished punished yesterday. yesterday. (C) class was (D) Boy of class each (D) Boy of the the class each was was punished punished yesterday. yesterday. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is 4. 4. how I/ you had I/ at the interview I/ done / us / let I/ know know (A) Let us us know know how how you you had had done done at the the (A) Let interview. (B) Let how how you you had had done done us us know know at the the (B) Let interview. (C) Let (C) Let know know us us how how you you had had done done at the the interview. (D) (D) Let at the the interview know know us us how how you you had had done. done. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. 5. 5. the the class I/ at at once once I/ ordered ordered I/ you you I/ are I/ to to leave (A) The class ordered you you are to to leave. (A) class at once ordered (B) class ordered. (B) You at once are to to leave the the class ordered. (C) (C) At once once you you are ordered to to leave the the class. class. (D) You are ordered to leave the class (D) class at once. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct. 6. 6. he he I/ stepped out out I/ had had I/ hardly hardly / it / began I/ when when I/ to to rain rain

(A) He had had hardly hardly stepped out out when when it began to to (A) rain. rain. (B) Hardly he he stepped out when when it had had began to to (B) rain. rain. (C) (C) Hardly had had he he stepped out out when when it began to to rain. rain. (D) (D) Hardly it had had began to to rain rain when when he he stepped out. out. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is correct. 7. she I/ rather rather I/ surrender I/ would I/ than than /die 7. (A) She would would rather rather die die than than surrender. (A) (B) (B) She rather rather would would die die than than surrender. (C) (C) Rather Rather she would would die die than than surrender. (D) She rather would surrender than die. (D) Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. 8. 8. has has I/ taught taught I/ teacher teacher I/ the the I/ this this I/ you you I/ lesson (A) (A) This teacher teacher has has you you taught taught the the lesson. (B) (B) The lesson has has taught taught you you this this teacher. teacher. (C) You has taught this lesson the teacher. (C) (D) The teacher teacher has has taught taught you you this this lesson. (D) Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct. 9. 9. not not I/ clear I/ you you I/ about I/ to to me me I/ he he says I/ what what I/ is (A) (A) What is not not clear to to me me about you you he he says. (B) What he says is not clear to me about you. (B) (C) What about you you he he says is not not clear to to me. me. (C) (D) What he he says about you you is not not clear to to me. me. (D) Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct. 10. 10. this letter I/ has been I/ your grandfather // by by // this I/ letter has I/ been your I/ grandfather written? written? (A) Has this letter been written by your (A) grandfather? (B) Your grandfather grandfather has has been written written this this letter (B) by you? you? (C) By this this letter, you you grandfather has has been (C) By written? written? (D) (D) Has been this this letter written written by your your grandfather? grandfather? Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. 11. 11. Bimla Bimla I/ her her I/ husband husband I/ that that I/ told told I/ a coward / he he / was. was. (A) Husband told told Bimla Bimla that that he he was was her her aa coward. (A) (B) Bimla told told a husband husband that that he he was was her her coward. (B) (C) Bimla told her husband that he was a coward. (C) (D) (D) Bimla told told that that her her husband husband he he was was a coward. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is correct.



12. 12. he/my/letter/received/must he/my/letter/received/must have/by/now. have/by/now. (A) letter by by now. (A) He He must must have have received received my my letter now. (B) by my letter. (B) He He must must have have now now received received by my letter. (C) He He must must have have received received by by now now my my letter. (C) letter. (D) He He by now must must have have received received my my letter. (D) by now letter. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. 13. 13. stories/he/wrote/few/that/romantic/very/are/the stories/he/wrote/few/that/romantic/very/are/the (A) He few stories stories are are very (A) He wrote wrote that that the the few very romantic. romantic. (B) The few stories stories that (B) The few that he he wrote wrote are are very very romantic. romantic. (C) The few stories stories he (C) The few he wrote wrote that that are are very very romantic. romantic. (D) He He wrote wrote the the few that are very (D) few stories stories that are very romantic. romantic. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is you/would/when/meet/her/she/know did not. not. 14. 14. you/would/when/meet/her/she/know did (A) She did not not know know when when you you would would meet meet her. her. (A) She did (B) You did she meet (B) You did not not know know when when would would she meet her. her. (C) You did she would (C) You did not not know know when when she would meet meet her. her. (D) She did (D) She did not not know know when when would would you you meet meet her. her. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. 15. 15. English/whom/by/you/had/been/taught? English/whom/by/you/had/been/taught? (A) By By whom you had had been taught English? English? (A) whom you been taught (B) English English had had been taught you you by whom? (B) been taught by whom? (C) whom had been taught (C) By By whom had you you been taught English? English? (D) been taught (D) By By whom whom English English had had been taught you? you? Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is 16. 16. below/not/must/age/of/eighteen/years/drive/the/ below/not/must/age/of/eighteen/years/drive/the/ children children (A) The children children must below eighteen (A) The must not not drive drive below eighteen years of age. age. years of (B) The of age eighteen years years (B) The children children of age below below eighteen must must not not drive. drive. (C) Below the the eighteen eighteen years years of of age, (C) Below age, children children must must not not drive. drive. (D) The children below below eighteen eighteen years of age (D) The children years of age must must not not drive. drive. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct. 17. 17. their/ boys/ the/ lesson/in their/ rooms/ rooms/ boys/ the/ are/ are/ revising/ revising/ the/ the/ lesson/in (A) The boys in in their are revising (A) The boys their rooms rooms are revising the the lesson. lesson. (B) Are the boys revising lesson in in their (B) Are the boys revising the the lesson their rooms rooms (C) The revising the the lesson their rooms rooms (C) The boys boys are are revising lesson in in their (D) The boys revising their their rooms rooms in the (D) The boys are are revising in the lessons. lessons. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is 18. 18. USA/tomorrow/along/will/leave/musicians/ USA/tomorrow/along/will/leave/musicians/ director/the/with/their/the/for director/the/with/their/the/for (A) The musicians, (A) The musicians, along along with with their their director, director, will will leave tomorrow for the leave tomorrow for the USA. USA. (B) The along with (B) The musicians, musicians, along with the the USA, USA, will will tomorrow leave for for their tomorrow leave their director. director. (C) The along with (C) The musicians, musicians, along with their their director, director, tomorrow leave for for the tomorrow will will leave the USA. USA.

SENTENCE REORDERING SENTENCE REORDERING

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(D) The director, along with (D) The director, along with their their musicians, musicians, will will leave tomorrow for the leave tomorrow for the USA. USA. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. 19. 19. the/complaint/from/one/principal/school/a/ the/complaint/from/one/principal/school/a/ received/of/our/parents/today/the/of received/of/our/parents/today/the/of (A) Today, one of our our parents (A) Today, one of parents received received aa complaint complaint from the of the school. from the Principal Principal of the school. (B) Today, the our school school received (B) Today, the Principal Principal of of our received aa complaint from from one one of complaint of the the parents. parents. (C) The Principal of of our our school today, received received aa (C) The Principal school today, complaint from from one one of complaint of the the parents. parents. (D) From one one of of our our parents parents of of school today, (D) From school today, received complaint from from aa Principal. received the the complaint Principal. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is 20. last/ Sunday/ Sunday/ the/ 20. crowded/ crowded/ railway/ railway/ platform/ platform/ last/ the/ was/ was/ unusually unusually (A) last Sunday, Sunday, the (A) Unusually Unusually last the railway railway platform platform was crowded. was crowded. (B) last Sunday Sunday the (B) Unusually Unusually crowded crowded last the railway railway platform platform was. was. (C) The last Sunday Sunday (C) The railway railway was was unusually unusually last crowded platform. crowded platform. (D) The railway platform platform was was unusually unusually crowded (D) The railway crowded last Sunday. Sunday. last Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct. 21. you/have/how/much/experience/got/? 21. you/have/how/much/experience/got/? (A) Have you got got how how much much experience? (A) Have you experience? (B) (B) How How much much experience experience have have you you got? got? (C) experience you (C) How How much much experience you have have got? got? (D) experience? (D) How How much much have have you you got got experience? Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (B) (B) is 22. I/brought/apple 22. I/brought/apple juice/market/from/the juice/market/from/the (A) I brought apple from the (A) I brought apple juice juice from the market. market. (B) brought from from the apple juice. (B) II brought the market market apple juice. (C) Apple juice brought from from the (C) Apple juice II brought the market. market. (D) apple juice brought. (D) From From the the market, market, apple juice II brought. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct. 23. completely/being/deaf/can’t/anything/he/hear 23. completely/being/ deaf/can71/anything/he/hear (A) can’t hear completely anything being deaf. (A) He He can't hear completely anything being deaf. (B) being deaf, can’t hear anything. (B) Completely Completely being deaf, he he can't hear anything. (C) completely deaf, can’t hear anything. (C) Being Being completely deaf, he he can't hear anything. (D) can’t hear anything completely. (D) Being Being deaf, deaf, he he can't hear anything completely. Ans. Option is correct. correct. Ans. Option (C) (C) is 24. nothing/ is open/ so/ public holiday/ holiday/ since 24. nothing/ is open/ so/ it's/ it’s/ aa public since (A) Since nothing is open, so public holiday. holiday. (A) Since nothing is open, so it's it’s aa public (B) Since nothing is public holiday, holiday, so open. (B) Since nothing is aa public so it's it’s open. (C) Nothing Nothing is public holiday. holiday. (C) is open open since, since, so so it's it’s aa public (D) Since public holiday, holiday, so nothing is open. (D) Since it's it’s aa public so nothing is open. Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (D) (D) is is correct. 25. the few/rupees/I have/I 25. the few/rupees/I have/I had/spent/already had/spent/already (A) II have have already already spent the few rupees II had. had. (A) spent the few rupees (B) The rupees II have, have, II had had already (B) The few few rupees already spent. spent. (C) II had had already the few rupees II have. have. (C) already spent spent the few rupees (D) II had had spent already the the few rupees II have. have. (D) spent already few rupees Ans. Option correct. Ans. Option (A) (A) is is correct.

CHAPTER



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Syllabus Syllabus

SENTENCE SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION Questions on on transformation transformation of of sentences Questions sentences

b

Introduction Transformation Transformation of Sentences is done in various ways. The nature of the sentences can be changed without Scan to Scan to know know changing the meaning of the sentences.

more more about about

1. Sentences containing the adverb adverb 'too': ‘too’: 1. this this topic topic Example Example 1 : > My friend is too rich to be my consort.  You ‘too’, takes You can see how how the the transformation transformation of Sentences, containing the the adverb 'too', takes the the place place without without changing the the meaning meaning of the the sentence. Sentence Sentence Transformation Transformation > My friend is so rich that he cannot be my consort.  Example Example 2 : > The news is too good to be true.  You You can see how how the the transformation transformation of Sentences takes takes place place into the the following version version without without changing the the meaning meaning of the the sentence. > The news is so good that it cannot be true.  Example Example 33 : > He drove too fast for the police police to catch.  This sentence can be changed changed into the the following version version without without changing the the meaning meaning of the the sentence. > He drove so fast that the police police could not catch him.  ‘too’ and by adding a conjunction ‘so… The transformation transformation of of sentence takes takes place place by removing removing the the adverb 'too' conjunction 'so. .. that’. that'. 2. Interchange Interchange of Degrees of Comparison: Comparison: 2. follows without The transformation transformation of Sentences, containing comparatives, can be done done as follows without changing the the meaning of the sentences. Example Example 1 : > I am as strong as him.  This sentence is in positive positive degree. degree. This sentence can be changed changed into comparative sentence. > I am not stronger than him.  This sentence conveys the the same meaning meaning as as the the above sentence. Example Example 2 :  > Positive Positive : This razor razor is not not as as sharp as that that one. one.  > Comparative Comparative : That razor razor is sharper than than this this one. Example Example 33 :  cities in India > Positive Positive : Very Very few cities India are as rich rich as Mumbai. Mumbai.  cities in India. > Comparative Comparative : Mumbai Mumbai is richer richer that that most most other cities  cities in India. > Superlative Superlative : Mumbai Mumbai is one of of the the richest richest cities



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Example Example 44 ::  is not in the > Superlative Superlative :: Upshaw Upshaw is not the the tallest tallest girl girl in the class. class.  is not in the > Comparative Comparative :: Upshaw Upshaw is not taller taller than than many many girls girls in the class. class. The transformation of Sentences, Sentences, according according to sentences, takes into either The transformation of to the the nature nature of of the the sentences, takes place place into either negative negative or affirmative sentences. sentences. or affirmative 3. and Negative 3. Interchange Interchange of of Affirmative Affirmative and Negative Sentences: Sentences: The affirmative affirmative sentence sentence can can be be changed changed into into aa negative sentence by by using ‘not’. The negative sentence using 'not'. Example Example 11 ::  it was > Affirmative Affirmative :: II was was doubtful doubtful whether whether it was you. you. Negative sure that it was Negative :: II was was not not sure that it was you. you. Example Example 22 ::  is present. > Affirmative Affirmative :: Everybody Everybody is present. Negative is absent. Negative :: Nobody Nobody is absent. Example Example 33 ::  All cheered. cheered. > Affirmative Affirmative :: All Negative There was was no Negative :: There no one one present present who who did did not not cheer. cheer. In sentences can be changed into affirmative sentences as as follows. follows. In this this way, way, the the negative negative sentences can be changed into affirmative sentences Example Example 44 ::  forget the of the > Negative Negative :: God God will will not not forget the cry cry of the humble. humble. Affirmative God will cry of of the Affirmative :: God will heed heed the the cry the humble. humble. The The 'not' ‘not’ in in the sentences should should be be removed convert them into affirmative affirmative sentences. sentences. the negative negative sentences removed to to convert them into Example 5 : Example 5 :  could deny she is is pretty. > Negative Negative :: No No one one could deny that that she pretty.  accepts that she is is pretty. > Affirmative Affirmative :: Everyone Everyone accepts that she pretty. 4. To To transform transform an an Interrogative Sentence into an Assertive 4. Interrogative Sentence into an Assertive Sentence: Sentence: An interrogative interrogative sentence sentence can be transformed into an an assertive sentence and An can be transformed into assertive sentence and vice-versa. vice-versa. Example Example 11 ::  When can can their fade? > When their glory glory fade? This is is an an interrogative interrogative sentence. sentence. This This sentence sentence can can be be transformed into an an assertive assertive sentence sentence as follows. This transformed into as follows.  Their glory can never fade. > Their glory can never fade. Example Example 22 ::  Was he such aa deed? > Was he not not aa villain villain to to do do such deed? This interrogative interrogative sentence sentence can be transformed into an an assertive sentence as follows. This can be transformed into assertive sentence as follows.  such aa deed. > He He was was aa villain villain to to do do such deed. Example Example 33 ::  Who can can touch being defiled? (Interrogative Sentence) > Who touch ditch ditch without without being defiled?  (Interrogative Sentence) You can see how the transformation of sentence takes place into the following version without changing You can see how the transformation of sentence takes place into the following version without changing the the meaning sentence. meaning of of the the sentence. > No  one can can touch being defiled.  (Assertive Sentence) No one touch ditch ditch without without being defiled. (Assertive Sentence) Example Example 44 :: > Who  Who does (Interrogative Sentence) does not not know know him? him?  (Interrogative Sentence) Everyone (Assertive Sentence) Everyone knows knows him. him.  (Assertive Sentence) Example Example 55 :: > Is  Is this of dress be worn for aa school school function? function?  (Interrogative Sentence) this the the kind kind of dress to to be worn for (Interrogative Sentence) This This is is not be worn for aa school school function. function.  (Assertive Sentence) not the the kind kind of of dress dress to to be worn for (Assertive Sentence) In same way sentence can can be be transformed into an interrogative sentence. sentence. In this this same way an an assertive assertive sentence transformed into an interrogative Example Example 66 :: > We  We were sent to simply to (Assertive Sentence) were not not sent to this this world world simply to make make money. money.  (Assertive Sentence) Were Were we sent to simply to (Interrogative Sentence) we sent to this this world world simply to make make money? money?  (Interrogative Sentence) Example Example 77 :: > II never  forget those (Assertive Sentence) never forget those happy happy days. days.  (Assertive Sentence) > Shall  Shall II ever forget those (Interrogative Sentence) ever forget those happy happy days? days?  (Interrogative Sentence) 5. To transform transform an an Exclamatory into an an Assertive 5. To Exclamatory Sentence Sentence into Assertive Sentence: Sentence: > How  sweet the sleeps upon (Exclamatory Sentence) (Exclamatory Sentence) How sweet the moonlight moonlight sleeps upon the the riverbank! riverbank!  The The moonlight sweetly sleeps sleeps upon bank.  (Assertive Sentence) moonlight sweetly upon the the river river bank. (Assertive Sentence)

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Although Although such such an sentence can be transformed into an sentence, an an exclamatory exclamatory an exclamatory exclamatory sentence can be transformed into an assertive assertive sentence, sentence is is preferred occasions to an assertive assertive sentence sentence for for the emotional effect effect that an exclamatory sentence preferred on on many many occasions to an the emotional that an exclamatory sentence is is carrying. carrying. sentence Example Example 11 ::  If only (Exclamatory Sentence) > If only II were were young young again! again!  (Exclamatory Sentence) wish II were were young young again. (Assertive Sentence) II wish again.  (Assertive Sentence) Example Example 22 ::  beautiful is is this (Exclamatory Sentence) > How How beautiful this night! night!  (Exclamatory Sentence) This night is very very beautiful. beautiful.  (Assertive Sentence) This night is (Assertive Sentence) You see how sentence takes in the following examples examples without changing the You can can see how the the transformation transformation of of sentence takes place place in the following without changing the meaning of of the the sentence. meaning sentence. Example Example 33 ::  What aa delicious Sentence) > What delicious meal! meal!  (Exclamatory (Exclamatory Sentence) This meal is delicious. (Assertive Sentence) This meal is delicious.  (Assertive Sentence) 6. To change change one one part of a a sentence sentence for for another another part 6. To part of part :: The verb sentence itself itself can can be be changed changed into into another another verb sentence. The verb of of aa sentence verb without without (changing) (changing) the the meaning meaning of of the the sentence. Example Example 11 :: > This kind of of jokes jokes never never amuses me.  This kind amuses me. This kind of joke any amusement. amusement. This kind of joke never never gives gives me me any In sentence the verb has been changed into its its noun form. In this this sentence the verb has been changed into noun form. Example Example 22 ::  It costs costs twelve > It twelve dollars. dollars. Its cost is is twelve Its cost twelve dollars. dollars. Here also the verb been changed changed into into its its noun form. Here also the verb has has been noun form. You see how sentences takes in the following examples changing You can can see how the the transformation transformation of of sentences takes place place in the following examples without without changing the of the sentence. the meaning meaning of the sentence. Example Example 33 ::  family. > He He has has disgraced disgraced his his family. He is aa disgrace family. He is disgrace to to his his family. Example Example 44 ::  curt reply. > He He gave gave aa curt reply. He curtly. He replied replied curtly. Here adjective has been changed changed into into an an adverb. adverb. Here the the adjective has been Example Example 55 ::  see him every day. > II see him every day. II see see him him daily. daily. Example Example 66 :: > This  This scene scene is is surpassingly surpassingly beautiful. beautiful. The beauty beauty of of this scene is is surpassing. surpassing. The this scene Here adjective has been changed changed into into its its noun form. Here the the adjective has been noun form. You see how sentences takes in the following examples changing You can can see how the the transformation transformation of of sentences takes place place in the following examples without without changing the of the sentence. the meaning meaning of the sentence. Example Example 77 ::  is admittedly country. > He He is admittedly the the greatest greatest general general of of this this country. It been admitted admitted that is the country. It has has been that he he is the greatest greatest general general of of this this country. Here, been changed changed into into aa verb form. Here, the the adverb adverb has has been verb form. And the simple sentence sentence itself itself has been changed changed into into aa compound compound sentence. sentence. And the simple has been 7. To transform transform the the Simple Simple Sentence Sentence: 7. To Sentence into into aa Compound Compound Sentence: A simple simple sentence sentence can be transformed into aa compound compound sentence sentence by by enlarging enlarging aa phrase word into into aa cocoA can be transformed into phrase or or word ordinate clause. ordinate clause. Example Example 11 ::  for the lost time. > He He must must work work hard hard to to make make up up for the lost time. z This sentence sentence can can be be made into two can be be joined by aa conjunction This made into two parts parts and and those those two two parts parts can joined by conjunction ‘and’. and'. > He He must must work work hard hard and make up up the the lost time.  and make lost time.



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Example Example 22 :: > To his eternal eternal disgrace, disgrace, he he betrayed his country.  To his betrayed his country. He betrayed his country and and this He betrayed his country this was was to to his his eternal eternal disgrace. disgrace. Example Example 33 ::  child. > Besides Besides robbing robbing the the poor poor child, child, he he also also murdered murdered the the child. He child but but he child. He not not only only robbed robbed the the poor poor child he also also murdered murdered the the child. Example Example 44 ::  The teacher for disobedience. > The teacher punished punished the the children children for disobedience. The The children children were so the were disobedient disobedient so the teacher teacher punished punished them them You can see see how of sentence sentence takes changing the of the sentence. You can how the the transformations transformations of takes place place without without changing the meaning meaning of the sentence. 8. To To transform transform a a Compound into a a Simple 8. Compound Sentence Sentence into Simple Sentence: Sentence: The following following examples illustrate the chief ways in which compound sentences sentences are into simple simple The examples illustrate the chief ways in which the the compound are transformed transformed into sentences. sentences. Example Example 11 :: > We must eat or we we cannot  We must eat or cannot live. live. We must live. We must eat eat to to live. Example Example 22 :: > You must either pay the the bill at once once or return the the goods. goods.  You must either pay bill at or return Failing prompt payment, payment, the the goods goods must must be returned by you. Failing prompt be returned by you. Example Example 33 ::  be late late or be returned. > He He must must not not be or he he will will be returned. In the the event event of of his his being he will will be denied entry. In being late, late, he be denied entry. Example Example 44 ::  is rich, is not content. > He He is rich, yet yet he he is not content. In spite of of being being rich, is not In spite rich, he he is not content. content. Example Example 55 :: > This mine, for too big.  This coat coat cannot cannot be be mine, for it it is is too big. Due its big big size, size, this coat cannot be mine. Due to to its this coat cannot be mine. Example Example 66 ::  is very but he complain. > He He is very poor, poor, but he does does not not complain. In spite poor, he he does does not not complain. complain. In spite of of being being poor, These These examples are enough sentences are into simple simple examples are enough to to make make clear clear how how the the compound compound sentences are transformed transformed into sentences. sentences. 9. To To transform transform A complex Sentence: 9. A simple simple Sentence Sentence into into A A complex Sentence: A transformed into enlarging aa phrase phrase into A simple simple sentence sentence can can be be transformed into aa complex complex sentence sentence by by enlarging into aa subordinate subordinate clause. clause. The clause clause maybe Adjective or Adverb. The maybe Noun, Noun, Adjective or Adverb. Example Example 11 ::  confessed his crime. > He He confessed his crime. Here been changed into aa subordinate subordinate clause. clause. Here the the noun noun (his (his crime) crime) has has been changed into  confessed that > He He confessed that he he was was guilty guilty of of the the crime. crime. Example Example 22 :: > On On the the arrival arrival of the mails, mails, the the steamer will leave.  of the steamer will leave. Here been changed into aa subordinate subordinate clause. Here the the adverbial adverbial phrase phrase has has been changed into clause.  The steamer steamer will leave as as soon soon as > The will leave as the the mails mails arrive. arrive. Example Example 33 ::  saw aa wounded bird. > II saw wounded bird. Here adjective phrase been changed changed into into aa subordinate subordinate clause. Here the the adjective phrase has has been clause.  saw aa bird bird that > II saw that was was wounded. wounded. Example Example 44 :: > On On being punished, he he wept. wept.  being punished, he was was punished, punished, he he wept. wept. When When he You can see see how sentences takes without changing of the sentence. You can how the the transformation transformation of of sentences takes place place without changing the the meaning meaning of the sentence. 10. 10. To To transform transform a a Complex Sentence into a Simple Sentence: Complex Sentence into a Simple Sentence: The following following sentences sentences will it clear complex sentences sentences into into simple simple sentences. sentences. The will make make it clear how how to to transform transform the the complex Example 1 : Example 1 :  said that innocent. > He He said that he he was was an an innocent. This Complex Sentence has been changed changed into into aa Simple Simple Sentence Sentence as follows. This Complex Sentence has been as follows.

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 innocence. > He He declared declared his his innocence. Example Example 22 ::  long II will stay is is doubtful. > How How long will stay doubtful. Here, Subordinate Clause been changed into aa Noun Here, the the Subordinate Clause has has been changed into Noun Clause. Clause. > The duration of my stay doubtful.  The duration of my stay is is doubtful. Example Example 33 :: > Tell me where where you you live.  Tell me live. Here also, the Subordinate Clause Clause has been changed changed into into aa Noun Clause. Here also, the Subordinate has been Noun Clause. > Tell me your your address.  Tell me address. Example Example 44 :: > He He died died in the village where he he lived.  in the village where lived. Here Subordinate Clause Clause has been changed changed into into an Adjective Clause. Clause. Here the the Subordinate has been an Adjective > He He died died in his native native place. place.  in his Example Example 55 :: > The moment that that is  The moment is lost lost is is lost lost forever. forever. Here also the Subordinate Clause been changed into an an Adjective Here also the Subordinate Clause has has been changed into Adjective Clause. Clause. > The moment is  The lost lost moment is lost lost forever. forever. Example Example 66 ::  was so so tired could not stand. > He He was tired that that he he could not stand. Here Subordinate Clause Clause has been changed changed into into an Adverb Clause. Here the the Subordinate has been an Adverb Clause.  was too stand. > He He was too tired tired to to stand. Example Example 77 ::  is compelled. compelled. > He He will will not not pay pay unless unless he he is Here also, the Subordinate Clause Clause has been changed changed into into an Adverb Clause. Here also, the Subordinate has been an Adverb Clause.  compulsion. > He He will will pay pay only only under under compulsion. You can see see how ‘Transformations of of Sentence' Sentence’ takes sentence. You can how the the 'Transformations takes place place without without changing changing the the meaning meaning of of the the sentence.

EXERCISE EXERCISE Type-I Type-I I. the sentences. the correct correct option option I. Read Read the sentences. Choose Choose the according directions given according to to the the directions given in in brackets. brackets. [1 [1 mark mark each] each]

Q.1. Millie Taplow Q.l. Millie was was Mr. Mr. Harris’s Harris's wife. wife. She She sent sent Taplow to chemist. chemist. (Change into a a compound compound to (Change into sentence) sentence)

(D) Ratna Ratna as as soon Ranga, she (D) soon as as saw saw Ranga, she stopped stopped singing. singing.

Ans. O Option (A) is Ans. ption (A) is correct. correct.

Q. 3. bore her her family's family’s tantrums. tantrums. She She Q. 3. Mrs. Mrs. Pearson Pearson bore loved them. (Combine using subordinating subordinating loved them. (Combine using conjunction) conjunction)

(A) Millie was Mr. Harris's wife wife as as she (A) Millie was Mr. Harris’s she sent sent Taplow to Taplow to chemist. chemist.

(A) Mrs. Pearson bore her family's tantrums (A) Mrs. Pearson bore her family’s tantrums although them. although she she loved loved them.

(B) Millie was Mr. wife so (B) Millie was Mr. Harris's Harris’s wife so she she sent sent Taplow to Taplow to chemist. chemist.

(B) Mrs. Pearson bore her family's tantrums (B) Mrs. Pearson bore her family’s tantrums because she she loved loved them. because them.

(C) Millie was Mr. wife and and she (C) Millie was Mr. Harris's Harris’s wife she sent sent Taplow to Taplow to chemist. chemist.

(C) Mrs. Pearson bore her family's tantrums (C) Mrs. Pearson bore her family’s tantrums but she she loved loved them. but them.

(D) Millie was was Mr. Mr. Harris's wife, she (D) Millie Harris’s wife, she sent sent Taplow to Taplow to chemist. chemist.

(D) Mrs. Pearson bore her family's tantrums so (D) Mrs. Pearson bore her family’s tantrums so she loved loved them. she them.







Ans. O Option (C) is is correct. Ans. ption (C) correct.

Q. 2. 2. Ratna saw Ranga. singing Q. Ratna saw Ranga. She She stopped stopped singing immediately. (Combine using "as “as soon as”) immediately. (Combine using soon as")

(A) As as Ratna Ratna saw Ranga, she (A) As soon soon as saw Ranga, she stopped stopped singing. singing. (B) Ratna Ratna saw Ranga as as soon (B) saw Ranga soon as as she she stopped stopped singing. singing. (C) Ratna Ratna saw Ranga and and stopped (C) saw Ranga stopped singing singing as as soon soon as. as.

Ans. O Option (B) is is correct. Ans. ption (B) correct.

Q. Q. 4. 4. Suzanne and Jonathan Jonathan supported their Suzanne and supported their parent’s venture. venture. It parent's It was was dangerous. dangerous. (Combine using subordinating subordinating conjunction) conjunction) (Combine using

(A) Suzanne and and Jonathan their (A) Suzanne Jonathan supported supported their parent’s but it it was parent's venture venture but was dangerous. dangerous. (B) Suzanne and supported (B) Suzanne and Jonathan Jonathan supported their parent’s parent's venture was their venture although although it it was dangerous. dangerous.



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(C) Suzanne and Jonathan supported supported their (C) Suzanne and Jonathan their parent’s as it it was parent's venture venture as was dangerous. dangerous.

(C) The fool replied “melon” to (C) The fool replied "melon" to all all the the questions liked melon because. questions he he liked melon because.

(D) Suzanne and and Jonathan their (D) Suzanne Jonathan supported supported their parent’s it was parent's venture, venture, it was dangerous. dangerous.

(D) The fool fool because because replied “melon” to all the (D) The replied "melon" to all the questions, liked melon. questions, he he liked melon.





Ans. ption (B) correct. Ans. O Option (B) is is correct



Q. 5. 5. Albert could not not attend attend the the school. school. He couldn’t Q. Albert could He couldn't leave the school. school. leave the (Combine using "neither “neither nor") nor”) (Combine using (A) Albert could could neither leave the (A) Albert neither nor nor attend attend leave the school. school. (B) Neither Neither Albert could attend attend and and nor nor leave (B) Albert could leave the school. the school. (C) Albert neither could attend leave the (C) Albert neither could attend nor nor leave the school. school. (D) Albert neither attend attend nor nor leave the (D) Albert could could neither leave the school. school.

Ans. ption (D) is correct. correct. Ans. O Option (D) is



Q.6. The The ministers ministers were about public’s Q.6. were worried worried about public's restlessness for for hanging. hanging. The The king also restlessness king was was also worried about the same. worried about the same. (Combine using "and") “and”) (Combine using (A) The king and the ministers ministers were were worried worried (A) The king and the about for hanging. about the the public’s public's restlessness restlessness for hanging. (B) The king were (B) The king and and not not the the ministers ministers were worried about the for worried about the public’s public's restlessness restlessness for hanging. hanging. (C) The king king but not the the ministers ministers were were (C) The but not worried about the for worried about the public’s public's restlessness restlessness for hanging. hanging. (D) The king with with the the ministers ministers were were worried worried (D) The king about for hanging. about the the public’s public's restlessness restlessness for hanging.

Ans. ption (A) is correct. correct. Ans. O Option (A) is



Q. 7. Mrs. Fitzgerald continued continued to to snub Q. 7. Mrs. Fitzgerald snub Pearson Pearson family. Finally they ways. family. Finally they had had to to mend mend their their ways. [Join [Join using using 'since'] ‘since’] (A) Mrs. Fitzgerald Fitzgerald continued continued to snub Pearson (A) Mrs. to snub Pearson family, since since they finally had family, they finally had to to mend mend their their ways. ways. (B) Mrs. Fitzgerald continued to snub Pearson (B) Mrs. Fitzgerald continued to snub Pearson family, they finally had family, they finally had to to mend mend their their ways ways since. since. (C) Since Fitzgerald continued to snub (C) Since Mrs. Mrs. Fitzgerald continued to snub Pearson family, they finally had to to mend mend Pearson family, they finally had their their ways. ways. (D) Since Mrs. Mrs. Fitzgerald continued to snub (D) Since Fitzgerald continued to snub Pearson family they finally had to to Pearson family because because they finally had mend mend their their ways. ways.

Ans. ption (C) correct. Ans. O Option (C) is is correct.

Q. 8. 8. The The fool fool liked melon. He replied "melon" “melon” to Q. liked melon. He replied to all the the questions. using "because") “because”) all questions. (Combine (Combine using (A) The fool replied "melon" to all all the the (A) The fool replied “melon” to questions because he liked melon. questions because he liked melon. (B) fool replied “melon” to (B) Because Because the the fool replied "melon" to all all the the questions, liked melon. questions, he he liked melon.

Ans. ption (A) is correct. correct. Ans. O Option (A) is Q. 9. 9. Einstein good at at Mathematics. not Q. Einstein was was good Mathematics. He He was was not good at at History. using” but") but”) good History. (Combine (Combine using" (A) at Mathematics, (A) But But Einstein Einstein was was good good at Mathematics, he he was at history. was not not good good at history. (B) As Einstein at Mathematics Mathematics but but (B) As Einstein was was good good at he he was was not not good good at at history. history. (C) but at at (C) Einstein Einstein was was good good at at Mathematics Mathematics but history. history. (D) at Mathematics Mathematics but but he (D) Einstein Einstein was was good good at he was at history. was not not good good at history.



Ans. ption (D) is correct. correct. Ans. O Option (D) is

Q. 10. 10. S ir Simon of thirst thirst and and hunger. hunger. People Q. Sir Simon died died of People thought that that he he had had disappeared after killing killing thought disappeared after his wife. using "while") “while”) his wife. (Combine (Combine using

(A) While Sir Sir Simon Simon died (A) While died of of thirst thirst and and hunger hunger people started thinking people started thinking that that he he had had disappeared after killing disappeared after killing his his wife. wife. (B) Sir Simon Simon died died of and hunger (B) Sir of thirst thirst and hunger while while people people thought thought that that he he had had disappeared disappeared after after killing killing his his wife. wife. (C) Sir Simon Simon died of thirst (C) Sir died of thirst and and hunger hunger people people thought thought that that he he had had disappeared disappeared while while after after killing killing his his wife. wife. (D) Sir Simon Simon died (D) Sir died of of thirst thirst and and hunger hunger while while thought after his thought that that he he had had disappeared disappeared after his wife. wife. Ans. ption (B) correct. Ans. O Option (B) is is correct. II. the sentences. the correct correct option option II. Read Read the sentences. Choose Choose the according directions given in brackets. according to to the the directions given in brackets. [1 [1 mark mark each] each] Q. Q. 1. 1. He for the examination. (present He (prepare) (prepare) for the examination, (present continuous tense) tense) continuous (A) preparing (B) is preparing (A) preparing (B) is preparing (C) was was preparing preparing (D) will will be preparing (C) (D) be preparing

Ans. O Option (B) is is correct. Ans. ption (B) correct. Q. 2. 2. II (be) to the the doctor. tense) Q. (be) to doctor, (present (present perfect perfect tense) (A) is (B) has has been (A) is being being (B) been (C) been (D) been (C) have have been (D) had had been Ans. ption (C) correct. Ans. O Option (C) is is correct. Q. Q. 3. It for two two days now. (present 3. It (rain) (rain) for days now. (present perfect perfect continuous) continuous) (A) is raining (B) was was raining raining (A) is raining (B) (C) has has been raining (D) has has rained rained (C) been raining (D)

Ans. O Option (C) is is correct. Ans. ption (C) correct. Q. 4.......................... 4. ......................... he he entered entered the the room, room, the Q. the lights lights went conjunction) went off. off. (suitable (suitable conjunction) (A) While (B) Since (A) While (B) Since (C) Therefore (D) As (C) Therefore (D) As

Ans. ption (D) is correct. correct. Ans. O Option (D) is

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

III. Read the sentences. the correct correct option option III. Read the sentences. Choose Choose the according directions given in brackets. according to to the the directions given in brackets. [1 [1 mark mark each] each] Q. 1. 1. He all subjects, subjects. (present perfect tense) tense) Q. He (pass) (pass) all (present perfect (A) passed (B) (A) passed (B) had had passed passed (C) (D) (C) has has passed passed (D) to to pass pass

Ans. O Option (C) is is correct. Ans. ption (C) correct. Q. 2. 2. The The father father and and son son had had grown grown too too distant to Q. distant to talk to to each each other. other. (Rewrite removing "too") “too”) talk (Rewrite removing (A) The father father and and son son had (A) The had grown grown distant distant and and did did not not talk talk to to each each other. other. (B) The had grown grown so distant (B) The father father and and son son had so distant that that they they did did not not talk talk to to each each other. other. (C) The and son had grown grown distant distant (C) The father father and son had so much so that so much so that they they did did not not talk talk to to each each other. other. (D) Because father and and son son had (D) Because the the father had grown grown distant, distant, they they did did not not talk talk to to each each other. other. Ans. ption (B) correct. Ans. O Option (B) is is correct. Q. 3. For further further information, students ……………. Q. 3. For information, students ................... contact the undersigned. (Fill suitable contact the undersigned. (Fill in in the the suitable option) option) (A) For further information, information, students students will (A) For further will contact contact the the undersigned. undersigned. (B) For must (B) For further further information, information, students students must contact contact the the undersigned. undersigned. (C) For might (C) For further further information, information, students students might contact contact the the undersigned. undersigned. (D) For may (D) For further further information, information, students students may contact contact the the undersigned. undersigned.

Ans. O Option (D) is Ans. ption (D) is correct. correct. Q. Q. 4. 4. Teachers Teachers will come in summer vacations will come in summer vacations ……………. take extra extra classes. classes. (Fill suitable ................... take (Fill in in suitable conjunction) conjunction) (A) to to (B) by (A) (B) by (C) still (D) and (C) still (D) and Ans. O Option (A) is Ans. ption (A) is correct. correct. IV the sentences. the correct correct option option IV.. Read Read the sentences. Choose Choose the according directions given in brackets. according to to the the directions given in brackets. [1 mark mark each] each] [1 Q. Q. 1. 1. Washington the eldest eldest son of the the Otis Washington is is the son of Otis family. He removed the the blood blood stains stains using using family. He removed stain remover. (Combine using stain remover. (Combine using "who") “who”) (A) Washington, who is the son of (A) Washington, who is the eldest eldest son of the the Otis family, removed blood stains stains Otis family, removed the the blood using stain remover. using stain remover. (B) Washington, Washington, the the eldest of the the Otis Otis (B) eldest son son of family, who blood stains stains family, who removed removed the the blood using stain remover. using stain remover. (C) Washington, who is the son of (C) Washington, who is the eldest eldest son of the the Otis family, who blood stains stains Otis family, who removed removed the the blood using stain remover. using stain remover. (D) Washington, the eldest eldest son of the the who who (D) Washington, is is the son of Otis family, removed blood stains stains Otis family, removed the the blood using stain remover. using stain remover.

Ans. ption (A) is correct. correct. Ans. O Option (A) is



Q. 2. 2. The blood stain stain disappeared. Q. The blood disappeared. Immediately Immediately aa terrible flash flash of of lightning up the room. terrible lightning lit lit up the room. (Combine using” as as soon as”) (Combine using" soon as") (A) The blood blood stain stain disappeared as soon soon as as aa (A) The disappeared as terrible flash of lightning lit lit up terrible flash of lightning up the the room. room. (B) As soon soon as as aa terrible flash of lightning lit lit up (B) As terrible flash of lightning up the blood stain stain disappeared. the room, room, the the blood disappeared. (C) As soon soon as as the blood stain stain disappeared, (C) As the blood disappeared, aa terrible flash of lightning lit lit up terrible flash of lightning up the the room. room. (D) As soon soon the blood stain stain disappeared, as aa (D) As the blood disappeared, as terrible flash of lightning lit lit up terrible flash of lightning up the the room. room. Ans. ption (C) correct. Ans. O Option (C) is is correct. Q. Q. 3. Next morning the the same stains were visible 3. Next morning same stains were visible on the the floor. floor. The The existence existence of ghost had had to to be be on of ghost accepted by by the the Otis Otis family. family. accepted (Combine using "since") “since”) (Combine using (A) Since the of ghost be (A) Since the existence existence of ghost had had to to be accepted by the family, the same stains stains accepted by the Otis Otis family, the same were visible on floor next were visible on the the floor next morning. morning. (B) The existence existence of be accepted (B) The of ghost ghost had had to to be accepted by the family since since the same stains stains by the Otis Otis family the same were visible on floor next were visible on the the floor next morning. morning. (C) The existence existence of be since since (C) The of ghost ghost had had to to be accepted by the family as as the same accepted by the Otis Otis family the same stains were visible on on the floor next stains were visible the floor next morning. morning. (D) The existence existence of be accepted (D) The of ghost ghost had had to to be accepted by the family, the same stains stains were by the Otis Otis family, the same were since visible visible on on the floor next since the floor next morning. morning. Ans. ption (B) correct. Ans. O Option (B) is is correct. Q. Q. 4. 4. Khushwant to the the temple. temple. The The Khushwant Singh Singh went went to grandmother went to the temple. grandmother went to the temple. (Join using "not “not only only .............. ............... but but also".) also”.) (Join using (A) only Khushwant Singh but but also (A) Not Not only Khushwant Singh also the the grandmother went to grandmother went to the the temple. temple. (B) Singh, the (B) Not Not only only Khushwant Khushwant Singh, the grandmother but also also went grandmother but went to to the the temple. temple. (C) Not Singh but (C) Not only only Khushwant Khushwant Singh but the the grandmother also went grandmother also went to to the the temple. temple. (D) also Khushwant Singh not (D) But But also Khushwant Singh not the the grandmother only went grandmother only went to to the the temple. temple. Ans. ption (C) correct. Ans. O Option (C) is is correct. Q. 5. 5. Jonathan Jonathan did not feel feel frightened. frightened. Suzanne Q. did not Suzanne did did not feel feel frightened. frightened. (Join using "neither...nor") “neither...nor”) not (Join using (A) Jonathan nor Suzanne felt felt (A) Neither Neither Jonathan nor Suzanne frightened. frightened. (B) Jonathan neither Suzanne nor felt (B) Jonathan neither Suzanne nor felt frightened. frightened. (C) Jonathan and and Suzanne Suzanne neither felt (C) Jonathan neither nor nor felt frightened. frightened. (D) Jonathan, Suzanne Suzanne felt felt nor (D) Neither Neither Jonathan, nor frightened. frightened. Ans. ption (A) is correct. correct. Ans. O Option (A) is Q. Q. 6. The shattered by by the the storm. The 6. The stern stern was was shattered storm. The cockpit was shattered by by the the storm. storm. cockpit was shattered (Join using "both...and") “both...and”) (Join using (A) The stern both both and cockpit were (A) The stern and the the cockpit were shattered by by the storm. shattered the storm.



SENTENCE SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION TRANSFORMATION

(B) Both and stern and and the (B) Both and the the stern the cockpit cockpit were were shattered by by the storm. shattered the storm. (C) And both the stern, the cockpit were (C) And both the stern, the cockpit were shattered by by the storm. shattered the storm. (D) Both stern and and the (D) Both the the stern the cockpit cockpit were were shattered by by the storm. shattered the storm. Ans. ption (D) is correct. correct. Ans. O Option (D) is Q. 7. He (study) in this for the the past few Q. 7. He (study) in this institution institution for past few years. continuous tense) tense) years, (present (present perfect perfect continuous (A) studying (A) studying (B) been studying studying (B) has has been (C) be studying studying (C) will will be (D) is studying studying (D) is Ans. ption (B) correct. Ans. O Option (B) is is correct. Q. 8. The rain descends. Q. 8. The rain descends. It It wants wants to to leave leave draughts. using "so “so as as to”.) draughts. (Join (Join using to".) (A) So as it leave leave (A) So as to to the the rain rain descends, descends, it draughts. draughts. (B) The rain so as leave (B) The rain descends descends so as to to leave draughts. draughts. (C) The rain rain descends descends so as to to (C) The so leave leave as draughts. draughts. (D) So as the leave (D) So as the rain rain descends descends to to leave draughts. draughts.

the the the the the the the the the the

Ans. O Option (B) is is correct. Ans. ption (B) correct. Q. 9. He this office 2010. (simple tense) Q. 9. He (join) (join) this office in in 2010. (simple past past tense) (A) (B) (A) had had joined joined (B) was was joining joining (C) has hasjoine (D) joined (C) joine (D) joined Ans. O Option (D) is Ans. ption (D) is correct. correct. Q.10. The father is is too too haughty haughty to to talk talk to to the the son. Q.10. The father son. (Rewrite using "so...that...cannot".) “so...that...cannot”.) (Rewrite using

(A) The father father is is so (A) The so haughty haughty talk son. talk to to the the son. (B) The father father is is so so haughty (B) The haughty talk son. talk to to the the son. (C) The father father is is haughty (C) The haughty so so talk son. talk to to the the son. (D) So, the father is is haughty (D) So, the father haughty talk son. talk to to the the son.

79 79

that cannot that he he cannot that that cannot cannot he he that cannot that he he cannot that cannot that he he cannot

Ans. ption (A) is correct. Ans. O Option (A) is correct. Q.11. As as Gordon turned, he he saw saw an an Q.ll. As soon soon as Gordon Cook Cook turned, enormous rolling towards towards his his ship. enormous wave wave rolling ship. Z/ (Rewrite using “No....sooner...than”) (Rewrite using No....sooner...than") (A) sooner than saw (A) No No sooner than Gordon Gordon Cook Cook turn, turn, he he saw an an enormous enormous wave wave rolling rolling towards towards his his ship. ship. (B) sooner than saw (B) Gordon Gordon Cook Cook turn turn no no sooner than he he saw an an enormous enormous wave wave rolling rolling towards towards his his ship. ship. (C) sooner did (C) No No sooner did Gordon Gordon Cook Cook turn turn than than he he saw an saw an enormous enormous wave wave rolling rolling towards towards his his ship. ship. (D) sooner than saw (D) Gordon Gordon Cook Cook no no sooner than turn, turn, he he saw an an enormous enormous wave wave rolling rolling towards towards his his ship. ship. Ans. ption (C) correct. Ans. O Option (C) is is correct. Q.12. The ghost desired befriend ............... other Q.12. The ghost desired to to befriend other ghost so as to to frighten frighten the the Otis family. ghost so as Otis family. (Supply “determiner”) (Supply aa suitable suitable "determiner") (A) an (B) all (A) an (B) all (C) no (D) the (C) no (D) the

Ans. ption (D) is correct. correct. Ans. O Option (D) is

Type-II Type-II I. Look at the the following following newspaper newspaper headlines headlines and and Look at choose correct option to complete complete the the sentences. choose the the correct option to sentences. [1 mark mark each] [1 each] Q. 1. Incoming mobile calls calls free free Q. 1. Incoming mobile Mobile all incoming mobile to Mobile users users listen listen that that all incoming mobile to mobile calls calls …….. with mobile with immediate immediate effect. effect. (A) be free free (A) are are going going to to be (B) free (B) are are free (C) shall be be free free (C) shall (D) be free free (D) will will be

(D) be revised (D) will will be revised

Ans. ption (B) correct. Ans. O Option (B) is is correct. Q. 2. Indian top chess chess prize Q. 2. Indian wins wins top prize The International Tournament ……… The International Chess Chess Tournament by an an Indian. by Indian. (A) (B) be won (A) was was won won (B) will will be won (C) been won (D) been won (C) has has been won (D) had had been won

Ans. ption (A) is correct. Ans. O Option (A) is correct. II. at the the following following newspaper newspaper headlines headlines and and II. Look Look at choose correct option to complete complete the the sentences. choose the the correct option to sentences. [1 mark mark each] each] [1 Q. 1. Idols Q. 1. Idols immersed immersed in in River. River. The ten ten day festival comes comes to an end end The day Dussehra Dussehra festival to an today with of idols the Yamuna. today with ……… of idols in in the Yamuna. (A) immerse (B) immersion (A) immerse (B) immersion (C) immersion (D) immersing (C) the the immersion (D) immersing

Ans. ption (C) correct. Ans. O Option (C) is is correct. Q. 3. State to revise Ration cards Q. 3. State to revise Ration cards The rationing rationing department confirms that all the the The department confirms that all ration cards by the the states two ration cards ……… by states within within two months. months. (A) been revised (A) has has been revised (B) is revised (B) is revised (C) been revised (C) had had been revised

Ans. ption (D) is correct. correct. Ans. O Option (D) is Q. 4. Calcutta Man Discovers Q. 4. Calcutta Man Discovers comet comet An astronomer Mr. claims that he ……… An astronomer Mr. Dutta Dutta claims that he comet that that will be visible visible to to the the naked naked eye aa comet will be eye in in six months. six months. (A) (A) has has discovered discovered (B) (B) had had discovered discovered (C) be discovered (C) will will be discovered (D) (D) to to discover discover

Ans. ption (C) correct. Ans. O Option (C) is is correct. Q. 2. Local Q. 2. Local Artists Artists Exhibits Exhibits on on display display The Lieutenant today inaugurated The Lieutenant Governor Governor today inaugurated ……… artists. artists. (A) of local local exhibition (A) display display of exhibition

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

(B) local (B) exhibition exhibition and and local (C) and exhibition local (C) display display and exhibition of of local (D) local (D) the the exhibition exhibition of of local Ans. ption (D) is correct. correct. Ans. O Option (D) is Q. as Prize. Prize. Q. 3. 3. Maid Maid wins wins Maruti Maruti Car Car as The fortune fortune of of housemaid housemaid today changed The today changed when the local mela raffles. raffles. when ……… in in the local mela (A) she won (A) she won aa Maruti Maruti Car Car (B) she is is winning Maruti Car (B) she winning aa Maruti Car (C) she to (C) she to win win aa Maruti Maruti Car Car (D) she had (D) she had won won aa Maruti Maruti Car Car Ans. ption (A) is correct. Ans. O Option (A) is correct. III. Look at the the following following newspaper newspaper headlines headlines and and III. Look at choose correct option to complete complete the the sentences. choose the the correct option to sentences. [1 mark mark each] each] [1 Q. 1. Suspect arrested Q. 1. Suspect arrested Delhi suspect ……… in in Delhi Police Police reports reports that that the the suspect Jaipur. Jaipur. (A) been arrested arrested (A) has has been (B) (B) was was arrested arrested (C) been arrested arrested (C) had had been (D) is being being arrested (D) is arrested Ans. ption (A) is correct. Ans. O Option (A) is correct. Q. 2. Minister to inaugrate inaugrate hospital hospital Q. 2. Minister to The Health arrive in The Health Minister Minister will will arrive in Lucknow Lucknow next week. The new new hospital hospital ……… by by him. him. next week. The (A) inaugrating (B) be inaugrated (A) Has Has inaugrating (B) will willbeinaugrated (C) inaugrated (D) is inaugrating inaugrating (C) was was inaugrated (D) is Ans. ption (B) correct. Ans. O Option (B) is is correct. Q. cricket team team wins the world Q. 3. 3. Indian Indian cricket wins the world cup cup The world cup ................. by by the cricket The world cup the Indian Indian cricket team. team. (A) wins (B) be won (A) wins (B) will will be won (C) (D) been won (C) had had won won (D) has has been won Ans. ption (D) is correct. correct. Ans. O Option (D) is IV at the the following following newspaper newspaper headlines headlines and and IV.. Look Look at choose correct option to complete complete the the sentences. choose the the correct option to sentences. [1 mark mark each] each] [1 Q. 1. Ravi for auction. auction. Q. 1. Ravi Verma’s Verma's work work for th Two major major works Two works of of Ravi Ravi Verma Verma _____ on on 77th of this this month. month. of (A) been put for an auction (A) has has been put up up for an auction (B) is putting for an (B) is putting up up for an auction auction (C) for an an auction auction (C) are are put put up up for (D) be put for an auction (D) will will be put up up for an auction Ans. ption (D) is correct. correct. Ans. O Option (D) is Q. 2. St. to take take more more student student in category. Q. 2. St. Stephen’s Stephen's to in category. There _____ more more general general category category seats seats at at There Delhi most sought after college, Delhi University’s University's most sought after college, St. St. Stephen’s Stephen's this this year. year.

(A) is (A) is (C) been (C) have have been

(B) be (B) will will be (D) are (D) are

Ans. ption (B) correct. Ans. O Option (B) is is correct. Q. at town town hall. hall. Q. 3. 3. Street Street vendors vendors protest protest at An association of vendors _____ at at MCD An association of street street vendors MCD headquarters yesterday. headquarters yesterday. (A) protesting (A) protesting (B) protests (B) protests (C) (C) protested protested (D) been protesting (D) have have been protesting Ans. ption (C) correct. Ans. O Option (C) is is correct. Q. 4. 25 25 killed killed in attacks. Q. 4. in LTTE LTTE attacks. About twenty-five people About twenty-five people _____ when when LTTE LTTE attacked aa Sri carrying arms arms attacked Sri Lankan Lankan ship ship carrying yesterday night. yesterday night. (A) (B) (A) were were killed killed (B) was was killed killed (C) is killed (D) been killed (C) is killed (D) has has been killed Ans. ption (A) is correct. Ans. O Option (A) is correct. V the news news headlines headlines and and complete complete the Read the the sentences sentences V. Read that follow follow :: [1 mark mark each] each] that [1 Q. 1. Count Q. 1. Count Down Down Begins Begins The The countdown to Indian countdown to Indian Idol Idol 55 _____.. (A) begun (B) begin (A) has has begun (B) will will begin (C) be beginning beginning (D) begun (C) will will be (D) had had begun Ans. ption (A) is correct. Ans. O Option (A) is correct. Q. 2. 17 17 Names Q. 2. Names Announced Announced India’s foremost and and the the biggest biggest singing based India's foremost singing based talent hunt show top talent hunt show ________ its its exceptional exceptional top 17 singing sensations. 17 singing sensations. (A) been announced announced (A) had had been (B) been announced announced (B) has has been (C) announced (C) has has announced (D) announce (D) will will announce Ans. ption (C) correct. Ans. O Option (C) is is correct. Q. hospital. Q. 3. 3. Suchitra Suchitra Sen Sen in in hospital. Bengali actress, Suchitra high Bengali actress, Suchitra Sen Sen _____ with with high blood pressure and fever. fever. blood pressure and (A) is admitting admitting in in aa hospital (A) is hospital (B) admitted in in aa hospital (B) had had admitted hospital (C) be admitted admitted in in aa hospital (C) will will be hospital (D) in aa hospital (D) was was admitted admitted in hospital Ans. ption (D) is correct. correct. Ans. O Option (D) is Q. 4. Housekeeper Q. 4. Housekeeper wins wins Maruti Maruti Prize Prize The fortune fortune of housekeeper today today changed changed The of aa housekeeper _____ in in the mela raffle. raffle. the local local mela (A) by winning Maruti (A) by winning aa Maruti (B) (B) on on winning winning aa Maruti Maruti (C) (C) to to win win aa Maruti Maruti (D) be winning Maruti (D) will will be winning aa Maruti

Ans. ption (B) correct. Ans. O Option (B) is is correct.

First Level

►Second Level

►Third Level

Trace the Mind Map

One theme

Persuasive language

Essential details only

Use slogans

Eye catching

To spread awareness or to invite

Analysis

Learning Outcomes

Creativity

Concise

Simple and factual language

Eye catching

Persuasive in nature

Non-personal

Public announcements

Advertisement

Poster

Reasoning

Argumentative in form

Written in favour or against

Logical reasoning

Evidence to support points

Personal Opinions

Narration of facts

Persuasive in nature Written in first person

Debate

Speech

Inference

CREATIVE WRITING WRITING SKILLS SKILLS CREATIVE

CHAPTER

8



Syllabus

L A |r

SHORT WRITING TASKS TASKS

(Advertisements & & (Advertisements Posters) Posters)

Short Writing Task Task -– Classified Classified Advertisements Advertisements up up to to 50 50 words. words. One One out out of of ■ Short Writing the two two given ! the given questions questions to to be be answered answered (3 Marks: Format: 11 1/ Content: Content: 11 // Expression: 1) J (3 Marks: Format: Expression: 1)

Short writing writing task task -Poster –Poster up up to 50 words. words. One One out out of of the the two given questions questions to be answered. answered. \Short to 50 two given to be (3 marks: marks: Format Format :: 11 1/ Content Content :: 11 1/ Expression 1) ! (3 Expression :: 1)

1. Advertisement 1. Advertisement INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION •

An advertisement is aa publicly is targeted for soliciting soliciting or or offering offering various various services services An advertisement is publicly announced announced message message which which is targeted for or impart information information to common masses. or to to impart to the the common masses.

Tips to to Know Tips Know 1. cross 50 50 words. 1. Do Do not not cross words. 2. Write the in capital capital letters. letters. Also Also you start with in capital capital letters letters to attract 2. Write the heading heading in you can can start with the first the first one one or or two two words words in to attract the the readers. readers. 3. comparison to advertisement is is less less attractive and gets less space. space. So So use 3. In In comparison to display display advertisement, advertisement, classified classified advertisement attractive and gets less use catchy attract the catchy words words to to attract the readers. readers. 4. Avoid complex and intrigue intrigue way simple and and direct so that is 4. Avoid complex and way of of writing. writing. Be Be very very simple direct so that you you ensure ensure the the message message is understood understood to to the the maximum. maximum. 5. classified advertisements advertisements blocks, blocks, images images and /or other are not 5. In In classified and /or other designs designs are not allowed. allowed. 6. Make sure sure your advertisement provides complete information. information. 6. Make your advertisement provides complete 7 7. ‘contact’ information information or else your be aa futile futile one. 7. Provide Provide aa proper proper 'contact or else your advertisement advertisement may may turn turn out out to to be one. Value be kept in minds Advertisement Value points points to to be kept in minds while while drafting Classified drafting Classified Advertisement • Do Do not not use use full • full sentences sentences • Abbreviations allowed allowed • Abbreviations • be given • Essential Essential details details to to be given

Marking Scheme Scheme Advertisements will be of marks Advertisements will be of 3 3 marks • Format l Format l • Content Content • Expression Expression l

11 mark mark 11 mark mark 11 mark mark



SHORT WRITING WRITING TASKS SHORT TASKS

Classified Advertisements Classified Advertisements

83 83

Scan to Scan to know know more about about more this topic topic this



1. Situation Situation Vacant/Wanted 1. Vacanf/Wanted



2. 2.

TO LET TO LET



3. 3.

Sale and and Purchase Purchase of of Property/Vehicles/Goods Sale Property/Vehicles/Goods



4. Educational Institutions Institutions promotion promotion 4. Educational



5. Missing Persons 5. Missing Persons



6. 6.

I. I.

SITUATION VACANT TYPES ADVERTISEMENTS SITUATION VACANT TYPES ADVERTISEMENTS



 Always begin begin with > Always with WANTED WANTED or or REQUIRED. REQUIRED.



> Name Name of of the the organization organization must must be always present. present.  be always



> Number Number of the post post for which advertised advertised should clearly indicated.  of vacancies vacancies and and the for which should be be clearly indicated.



 The age age and candidate required. > The and gender gender of of the the candidate required.



> Qualification Qualification and requisite experience experience needed needed for the post. post.  and requisite for the



 scale, perks and also also the > Pay Pay scale, perks and the mode mode of of applying applying (E-mail, (E-mail, postal, postal, etc.) etc.)



> Contact Contact address phone number number for correspondence.  address and and phone for correspondence.

Classified Classified Advertisements Advertisements

Tour and and Travels Travels Tour

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

each) (3 marks each)

Q. 1. Export House, House, Delhi Delhi needs office. Draft Draft aa suitable suitable advertisement published Q. 1. Orient Orient Export needs a a receptionist receptionist for for their their office. advertisement to to be be published in the in not words. in the classified classified columns columns of of the the newspaper newspaper in not more more than than 50 50 words. Ans. Ans. SITUATION SITUATION VACANT VACANT

WANTED young, graduate graduate smart Receptionist for export house house with with typing typing speed WANTED aa young, smart Receptionist for aa leading leading export speed 40 w/pm, short hand speed 100 100 w/pm. can handle computer. Salary Salary negotiable. 40 w/pm, short hand speed w/pm. Preference Preference to to those those who who can handle computer. negotiable. Apply complete bio-data bio-data by by 20th 20th December Secretary, Orient T. Nagar, Apply with with complete December to to Secretary, Orient Export Export House, House, T. Nagar, Delhi. Delhi. Ph: 011-XXXXXXXX Ph: 011-XXXXXXXX Q. 2. On On behalf behalf of the principal principal of of your school, draft classified advertisement advertisement inviting application for for some posts Q. 2. of the your school, draft aa classified inviting application some posts of teachers lying vacant and and to to be be filled filled soon. soon. [DDE, 2017] 2017] of teachers lying vacant [DDE, Ans. Ans. SITUATION SITUATION VACANT VACANT Required in Maths experienced and Required 22 PGTs PGTs in Maths against against permanent permanent post. post. Only Only experienced and highly highly qualified qualified candidates candidates with good good communication need to to apply. according to to experience professional with communication skill skill need apply. Salary Salary according experience and and professional th achievements. Attend Walk-in interview with and attested attested testimonials Wednesday 6 6th achievements. Attend Walk-in interview with resume resume and testimonials on on Wednesday March at 10:00 AM in Principal's office. office. For For more more details details contact Manager, XYZ XYZ School, Nehru March 20XX 20XX at 10:00 AM in Principal’s contact Manager, School, Nehru Nagar, Agra Nagar, Agra at at 94121XXXXX 94121XXXXX Principal Principal Q. are the the General of a a leading company. You need a a Chartered for your office. Draft Q. 3. 3. You You are General Manager Manager of leading company. You need Chartered Accountant Accountant for your office. Draft an in not 50 words words to of India, India, New New Delhi, Delhi, under an advertisement advertisement in not more more than than 50 to be be published published in in the the Times Times of under the the classified columns. columns. [DDE, SQP] classified a i [DDE, SQP] Ans. Ans. SITUATION SITUATION VACANT VACANT Required an experienced computer savvy, savvy, salary salary no for the Required an experienced Chartered Chartered Accountant, Accountant, male/female, male/female, computer no bar bar for the deserving candidate. candidate. Interested Interested candidates may contact the General Manager at at ABC Pvt. Ltd., Ltd., New New Delhi Delhi deserving candidates may contact the General Manager ABC Pvt. 9453xxxxx 9453xxxxx

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

Q. 4. You are in need of of a a job. classified advertisement advertisement offering services. Q. 4. You are in need job. Draft Draft aa classified offering your your services. Ans. Ans.

[DDE, 2017] 2017] [DDE,

SITUATION SITUATION WANTED WANTED

An Electronics Electronics and Communication Engineer, Engineer, 30, with 55 years years experience Engineering Works, An and Communication 30, female female with experience in in S.K. S.K. Engineering Works, looking for for aa suitable suitable job in Delhi in an electronics or or Communications Communications company. looking job in Delhi NCR NCR in an electronics company. Ready Ready to to work work in healthy environment to communication skills skills and and working in healthy working working environment to Pune, Pune, having having good good communication working knowledge knowledge of of computer. For details contact +91-9825XXXX. computer. For further further details contact :: +91-9825XXXX. II. TO-LET II. TO-LET



 >  >  >  >  >

Begin AVAILABLE. Begin with with WANTED WANTED or or AVAILABLE. Type of should be be mentioned. Type of accommodation accommodation should mentioned. Rent expected. Rent expected. Give and also also indicate indicate whether it’s sun sun facing, facing, etc. etc. Give proximity proximity to to markets markets and whether it's Contact address and and phone Contact address phone number. number.

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS QUESTIONS

Scan to Scan to know know more about about more this this topic topic

EttS

hhBe

Drafting Drafting advertisments advertisments for for Sale-purchase Sale-purchase

each) (3 marks each)

Q. 1. Your are R.Lal, the executive executive manager manager of and Minerals Corporation of of India. need an an accommodation accommodation Q. 1. Your are R.Lal, the of Metals Metals and Minerals Corporation India. You You need on rent you wish wish to it as Draft aa suitable in not 50 words. words. on rent as as you to use use it as a a guest guest house. house. Draft suitable advertisement advertisement in not more more than than 50 Ans. Ans. ACCOMMODATION WANTED ACCOMMODATION WANTED Metals and India needs suitable accommodation accommodation on be used as aa guest Metals and Minerals Minerals Corp. Corp, of of India needs suitable on rent rent to to be used as guest house. house. Should be be located located in in aa posh facilities. Uninterrupted and electricity. Should posh area area with with excellent excellent facilities. Uninterrupted water water and electricity. Nearby Nearby market contact R. Manager, PH: 011-23333333. market aa must. must. Owners Owners may may contact R. Lal, Lal, Executive Executive Manager, PH: 011-23333333. Q. 2. Ajay his built built house. house. Draft an advertisement advertisement for for publication To Let” Q. 2. Ajay Arora Arora wishes wishes to to let let out out aa portion portion of of his Draft an publication in” in" To Let" column giving all all the the necessary necessary details. [DDE, SQP] column of of HT, HT, giving details. a£] [DDE, SQP] Ans. Ans.

TO-LET TO-LET Available first floor, floor, 3BHK 3BHK flat flat in in Vikas location, airy airy rooms, Available on on rent, rent, aa newly newly constructed constructed first Vikas Nagar. Nagar. Good Good location, rooms, attached bathrooms, individual individual parking, 24×7 security security and and power back up. Shopping complex, complex, attached bathrooms, parking, 24x7 power back up. Near Near Shopping schools, metro station, central central park. Ajay Arora Arora (Mob. 921xxxxxx). schools, metro station, park. Interested Interested persons persons may may contact contact :: Ajay (Mob. 921xxxxxx). Q. are Saran Saran Gupta. to let out your flat that that is situated in the hub hub of an advertisement advertisement Q. 3. 3. You You are Gupta. You You wish wish to let out your flat is situated in the of Bangalore. Bangalore. Draft Draft an for a a well circulated daily giving necessary necessary details. 50). [KVS Silchar, 2017] for well circulated daily giving details, (word (word limit, limit, 50). [KVS Silchar, 2017] Ans. Ans. TO-LET TO-LET Available in in the of Bangalore, flat on on rent, fully furnished, furnished, modular facing, Available the hub hub of Bangalore, aa 33 BHK BHK flat rent, fully modular kitchen, kitchen, East East facing, 24 × electricity and and water facility, round clock security, security, lift lift facility. facility. Rent Interested persons 24 x 77 electricity water facility, round the the clock Rent negotiable. negotiable. Interested persons may Saran Gupta at 7346xxxxx may contact contact :: Saran Gupta at 7346xxxxx III. III. SALE/PURCHASE SALE/PURCHASE OF OF PROPERTY/ASSETS PROPERTY/ASSETS

 FOR SALE/PURCHASE/WANTED SALE/PURCHASE/WANTED > Begin Begin with with FOR



> Brief Brief physical physical description description 



 floors, size, size, number of rooms, location and and surroundings. surroundings. > (a) (a) Property Property -– Number Number of of floors, number of rooms, location





(b) accessories, year, any), price, and condition. condition. (b) Vehicles Vehicles -– Colour, Colour, model, model, accessories, year, modifications modifications (if (if any), price, mileage mileage and





(c) goods -– Condition, or expected. (c) Household Household goods Condition, price price offered offered or expected.



SHORT WRITING WRITING TASKS SHORT TASKS

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS QUESTIONS

85 85

each) (3 marks each)

Q. 1. You to sell your newly newly built built flat. flat. Draft suitable advertisement advertisement in not more more than than 50 to be be published published Q. 1. You want want to sell your Draft aa suitable in not 50 words words to in the classified classified columns columns of of the the 'The ‘The Assam Tribune’ giving giving all all necessary necessary details. details. You You are are Niranjan of Nabin in the Assam Tribune' Niranjan of Nabin Nagar, 50 words. [KVS Guwahati, 2016] Nagar, Guwahati. Guwahati. Word Word Limit Limit -- 50 words. [KVS Guwahati, 2016] Ans. Ans. FLAT FOR SALE FLAT FOR SALE Available built 33 BHK flat, 900 900 sq. sq. feet, feet, 3rd 3rd floor, floor, East facing, semi semi furnished furnished with Available aa newly newly built BHK flat, East facing, with CCTV CCTV Camera Camera and facilities original original documents, contact Niranjan, 87, Nabin and parking parking facilities documents, reasonable reasonable price. price. For For more more details details contact Niranjan, 87, Nabin Nager, Nager, Guwahati. Guwahati. Q. 2. Gopal has one one flat flat for for sale. an advertisement advertisement for for him him to to be be inserted the classified classified columns columns of of Q. 2. Gopal Sharma Sharma has sale. Draft Draft an inserted in in the the local newspaper. Invent necessary details. the local newspaper. Invent necessary details. Ans. Ans. FLAT FOR SALE FLAT FOR SALE Available flat in in aa posh amenities. East facing, located located near 24 Available 33 BHK BHK flat posh area area with with all all modern modern amenities. East facing, near market, market, 24 hours back up, children’s park, 24×7 Security. Security. Price hours running running water water supply, supply, round round the the clock clock power power back up, near near children's park, 24x7 Price negotiable. Contact :: Gopal Sharma at at 64320000 64320000 negotiable. Contact Gopal Sharma Q. are going going abroad. abroad. You sell your house, built built three three years ago. Draft an advertisement advertisement in not more more Q. 3. 3. You You are You want want to to sell your house, years ago. Draft an in not than 50 50 words giving all all the the necessary. necessary. Details of the the house house and and its no. xxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx than words giving Details of its locality. locality. Contact Contact no. Ans. Ans.

[DDE, SQP] SQP] [DDE,

Suggested points :: Suggested Value Value points House for Sale Sale House for — Location — Location — Type — Type — Size/area — Size/area — Facilities Facilities (electricity, (electricity, water, water, parking, parking, market) market) — — — Cost/minimum Cost/minimum price price expected expected — credit should should be be given — (Due (Due credit given to to economy economy of of words) words)

[DDE Marking [DDE Marking Scheme] Scheme]

Detailed Detailed Answer Answer :: HOUSE HOUSE FOR FOR SALE SALE Available single storey storey house in aa posh built three ago, 33 BHK, 24 × Available aa single house in posh area, area, built three years years ago, BHK, modular modular kitchen, kitchen, 24 x 77 water water facility, power back up, area, centrally located, price contact Rakesh at facility, power back up, parking parking area, centrally located, price negotiable. negotiable. For For more more details details contact Rakesh at 982xxxxxxx 982xxxxxxx 4. You to sell sell your your car car as as you are going going abroad. abroad. Draft suitable advertisement advertisement in not more more than than 50 50 words Q. Q. 4. You want want to you are Draft aa suitable in not words to be be published published in classified columns columns of ‘The Times Times of necessary details of the the car. car. You You are are Amit/ to in classified of 'The of India’. India'. Give Give necessary details of Amit/ Amita residing in [KVS 2014, 2014, 2013] 2013] Amita residing in Karol Karol Bagh, Bagh, New New Delhi. Delhi. [KVS Ans. Ans. CAR CAR FOR FOR SALE SALE Available Maruti Esteem in good 20xx model, fitted with latest accessories, Available Black Black Maruti Esteem car car in good running running condition, condition, 20xx model, fitted with latest accessories, 44,000 km self driven, abroad. Price Amita, 47 47 Karol Bagh, 44,000 km covered, covered, self driven, owner owner going going abroad. Price negotiable. negotiable. Contact Contact :: Amita, Karol Bagh, New New Delhi. Delhi.

IV.. IV

EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS INSTITUTIONS PROMOTION PROMOTION EDUCATIONAL > Name Name of of the the institution institution   > Past Past record record > Courses Courses offered offered and their durations durations  and their > Eligibility Eligibility criteria details of of admission admission test test (if (if any)  criteria and and details any) > Facilities  Facilities and and fee fee structure structure > Scholarship  Scholarship information information  for registration, etc. > Last Last date date for registration, etc. > Contact Contact address phone number. number.  address and and phone

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS QUESTIONS

each) (3 marks each)

Q. Q. 1. 1. Indian Foreign Language is going going to course in foreign languages. an Indian Institute Institute of of Foreign Language is to start start aa course in various various foreign languages. Draft Draft an advertisement for for the the classified classified columns columns of of a a newspaper newspaper giving giving details of the the same limit 50 50 words) advertisement details of same (word (word limit words) Ans. Ans. INDIAN INDIAN INSTITUTE INSTITUTE OF OF FOREIGN FOREIGN LANGUAGE LANGUAGE IIFL announces the commencement of of its its courses courses in in Japanese, Japanese, French French and IIFL announces the commencement and German. German. Duration Duration -– 33 months. Senior Secondary. Secondary. Excellent faculty. Computerised Incentives for for early early months. Eligibility Eligibility -– Senior Excellent faculty. Computerised training. training. Incentives birds. Send Send in in your applications by by 1st 1st June, June, 20xx 20xx or or contact contact Secretary Secretary #9350556655 birds. your applications #9350556655 Q. Q. 2. 2. You You want to launch tuition centre centre for for classes classes from from class class X X to classified advertisement advertisement with all want to launch aa tuition to XII. XII. Draft Draft aa classified with all relevant details. [DDE, 2017] relevant details. [DDE, 2017] Ans. Ans. TUITION CENTRE TUITION CENTRE Excellent coaching available available for for English, Science and and Maths for students students of class X class facilfacilExcellent coaching English, Science Maths for of class X to to XII, XII, digital digital class ity, experienced faculty, problem-solving sessions, regular affordable fees. fees. For For more contact SD SD ity, experienced faculty, problem-solving sessions, regular tests, tests, affordable more details, details, contact classes 969xxxxxx or or send send email at kpexcellent.org.in classes 969xxxxxx email at kpexcellent.org.in V V..

LOST LOST AND AND FOUND FOUND  of the > Brief Brief physical physical description description of the missing missing thing/person. thing/person.  and any any health issues about about the > Name, Name, age age and health related related issues the missing missing person. person.  accessories or or any any other other identifying identifying features. features. > Clothes, Clothes, accessories  Tell about about the last seen. seen. > Tell the place place last  if any. > Details Details of of reward, reward, if any.  > Contact Contact address address and and phone phone number. number.

QUESTIONS SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

each) (3 marks each)

Q. 1. 1. Your Your neighbour's neighbour’s daughter missing. Draft an advertisement advertisement providing the necessary necessary details not more more Q. daughter is is missing. Draft an providing the details in in not than 50 50 words. than words. [a|T| Ans. Ans.

MISSING MISSING GIRL MISSING, MISSING, Priyanka Priyanka Khanna, Khanna, 12 years, 4'3" tall, fair, wearing black and blue jeans. GIRL 12 years, 4’3” tall, fair, slim slim built, built, wearing black T-shirt T-shirt and blue jeans. Missing M. G. G. Road, Road, Gurgaon. Gurgaon. Speaks Hindi and and English. English. Informer will be Missing since since 2.2.2xxx 2.2.2xxx from from M. Speaks Hindi Informer will be suitably suitably rewarded. Inform M. G. Road Station or or call call at at #98765432 rewarded. Inform M. G. Road Police Police Station #98765432 Q. Q. 2. You are are Milind have lost briefcase while travelling in from Azadpur Punjabi 2. You Milind of of Delhi. Delhi. You You have lost your your VIP VIP briefcase while travelling in Metro Metro from Azadpur to to Punjabi Bagh. an advertisement advertisement to to be be inserted the classified classified columns columns of the newspaper. newspaper. Bagh. Draft Draft an inserted in in the of the Ans. Ans. VIP VIP BRIEFCASE BRIEFCASE LOST LOST Lost, briefcase, brown brown in in colour, colour, very very sleek, sleek, contains contains important important documents. Lost while in Lost, aa VIP VIP briefcase, documents. Lost while travelling travelling in aa metro from Azadpur it to 348-A, Mayur Delhi. metro from Azadpur to to Punjabi Punjabi Bagh. Bagh. Finder, Finder, may may return return it to Milind, Milind, 348-A, Mayur Vihar, Vihar, New New Delhi. Finder will be suitably suitably rewarded. Finder will be rewarded. Q. Q. 3. travelling in in a a bus bus you found some certificates, a a wallet and some in a a bag. bag. You You found found no no 3. While While travelling you found some certificates, wallet and some jewellery jewellery in contact details of the the owner owner in in the the bag. bag. Draft an advertisement advertisement to to be be published in a a local newspaper. contact details of Draft an published in local newspaper. [DDE, 2017] [DDE, 2017] Ans. Ans.

BAG FOUND FOUND BAG Found aa black black coloured coloured VIP bag in in aa bus bus on contains some some certificates, certificates, Found VIP bag on Rani Rani Bagh Bagh to to Karol Karol Bagh Bagh route route contains Important documents, and some some jewellery. by giving of ownership Important documents, wallet wallet and jewellery. Owner Owner may may claim claim by giving proof proof of ownership to to Suresh Suresh at at 943xxxxxxx 943xxxxxxx



SHORT WRITING TASKS SHORT WRITING TASKS

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VI. TOURS AND TRAVELS VI. TOURS AND TRAVELS  AVAILABLE. > Begin Begin with with PACKAGE PACKAGE AVAILABLE.  agency > Name Name of of the the travel travel agency  and duration > Destination Destination and duration > Price Price and discounts, if any.  and special special discounts, if any.  address and and phone > Contact Contact address phone number. number.

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

each) (3 marks each)

Q. 1. You are the the owner owner of Travels, providing for Mauritius. an advertisement advertisement including all Q. 1. You are of Star Star Travels, providing package package for Mauritius. Draft Draft an including all necessary details. necessary details. Ans. Ans.

TRAVEL AND TOURS TRAVEL AND TOURS Attractive package available for for Mauritius. Three nights, four days. Breakfast and stay at at 3-star 3-star Attractive package available Mauritius. Three nights, four days. Breakfast and dinner, dinner, stay hotel, sight-seeing included. included. ` 9,999 9,999 per Special discount for early bookings. Contact Contact Star Star Travels, Travels, hotel, sight-seeing per person. person. Special discount for early bookings. 935XXXXXXX 935XXXXXXX

Commonly Made Errors Errors Commonly Made

fff-

draft the the advertisement using sentences which is wrong format. Some Some students students draft advertisement using sentences which is in in wrong format. titles given given are often inappropriate. The The titles are often inappropriate. Also, Also, spellings spellings are are tweaked sometimes to idea or attract the attention of tweaked sometimes to emphasise emphasise upon upon an an idea or to to attract the attention of the the reader. reader. However, often students to achieve achieve the the desired desired effect effect and up simply making aa foolish However, often students fail fail to and end end up simply making foolish spelling spelling mistake! mistake!

Answering Tips

f-

While preparing an advertisement, it is important to keep in mind the requirement: of the advertisement.

] !



ffff-



]

The message should prepared accordingly. accordingly. The message should be be prepared The word-limit word-limit of of 50 50 should should be be strictly strictly adhered The adhered to. to. N ext, it it is is important important to according to Next, to design design the the advertisement advertisement according to the the heading/title. heading/title. approach should direct to to attract attract the the attentions attentions of the targeted targeted readers. readers. The The language language and and approach should be be direct of the Last but not the least, students should ensure correctness of spellings, contextual use substituting words Last but not the least, students should ensure correctness of spellings, contextual use of of substituting words and correctness. The The contact as well as the Ids and and phone should be be and grammatical grammatical correctness. contact address address as well as the email email Ids phone numbers numbers should accurate. accurate.

] !

J

2. Designing/Drafting Posters • •

Posters an amalgam amalgam of of notices, advertisements, and and invitations. invitations. They They may be in in the form of large hoardings Posters are are an notices, advertisements, may be the form of large hoardings to be put on walls, or the size of be displayed Hence, they be to be put up up on walls, or the size of handbills handbills to to be displayed on on the the noticeboards, noticeboards, etc. etc. Hence, they have have to to be

captivating, attractive persuasive so to influence number of of people. people. Generally, Generally, they they are are designed designed captivating, attractive and and persuasive so as as to influence aa large large number to social awareness about current current issues issues or even extend invitations and to create create social awareness about or to to even extend public public invitations and write write notices. notices.

Tips to Tips to Know Know Posters should be be catchy, catchy, attractive attractive and and tempting. Posters should tempting.

(i) They must be drafted wisely wisely to to attract the responsiveness responsiveness of the readers, readers, enthuse their resourcefulness resourcefulness and (i) They must be drafted attract the of the enthuse their and guide cognizance. guide their their cognizance. (ii) Do Do not not give give many many details details in poster: Make readable and only important (ii) in aa poster: Make it it easily easily readable and appear appear clutterclutter- free. free. Highlight Highlight only important issues. issues.

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

(iii) can be be used for publicising and highlighting following: (iii) Posters Posters can used for publicising and highlighting the the following:



• •

Cultural show/ exhibition/ seminar/ workshop/ fair/ Cultural show/ exhibition/ seminar/ workshop/ fair/ fete fete etc. etc.

• •

Educational institutions and and students' students’ activities. activities. Educational institutions

• •

Promoting sales product or or service. Promoting sales of of aa product service.

• •

Influencing Influencing public public opinion. opinion.

• •

Advancing aa social social cause cause and so on. Advancing and so on.

Marking Scheme Scheme Format Format •• Issuing of the organising body body of event. Issuing Authority: Authority: Name Name of the organising of the the particular particular event.

mark 11 mark

•• Title: Title: A A catchy and impressive impressive title issue. catchy and title which which gives gives theme theme of of the the announcement announcement or or issue. Content 11 mark mark Content A sketch: the title, title, preferably preferably draw draw aa picture picture depicting depicting the the issue. •• A sketch: After After the issue. •• Date, Time and and Venue: of the event which Date, Time Venue: Mention Mention the the date, date, time time and and venue venue of the event which has has to to take take place. place. •• Contact of the concerned authorities; authorities; contact contact number or address address of of the event co-ordinator. co-ordinator. Contact Information: Information: Details Details of the concerned number and/ and/ or the event Expression mark Expression 11 mark Coherence, spellings, suitable suitable style style and accuracy Coherence, spellings, and grammatical grammatical accuracy

Main Characteristics Main Characteristics (a) Layout (a) Layout • Visually Visually attractive/ Eye Catching • attractive/ Eye Catching • Title- suggestive/ suggestive/ catchy • Titlecatchy • slogan, jingle or short short verse verse • Use Use slogan, jingle or • Sketch or or simple simple drawings • Sketch drawings • of different size and and shape shape • Letters Letters of different size • spacing, etc. • Proportionate Proportionate spacing, etc. (b) Contents (b) Contents • The theme or the poster poster • The theme or subject subject of of the • Description Description or details associated with the the theme theme • or details associated with • Essential Essential details details like time, date, date, venue (for an • like time, venue (for an event) event) • Name(s) Name(s) of of issuing authority/ organisation, etc. • issuing authority/ organisation, etc. (c) Expression (c) Expression • Phrases, Phrases, slogans, persuasive language • slogans, persuasive language • in terms • Creativity Creativity in terms of of content content and and design design • Overall Overall organisation of the the matter matter • organisation and and sequencing sequencing of • •

Observe limit (usually 50) Observe word word limit (usually 50)

Some Do’s and Don’ts of Poster Some Do’s and Don’ts of Poster Making Making Dos Dos • Stick to limit of of 50 50 words. • Stick to the the word word limit words. • The poster should be be enclosed in aa box. box. • The poster should enclosed in • Make the content to and crisp. crisp. • Make the content to the the point point and • fit in in one It should should not be continued continued to • Poster Poster must must fit one page page only. only. It not be to the the next next page. page. • important information information by by making it bold bold or or underlining it. • Highlight Highlight the the important making it underlining it. Don’ts Don'ts • limit. • Do Do not not exceed exceed the the word word limit. • complex language. language. • Do Do not not use use complex • short form form of • Do Do not not use use the the short of the the words. words. • structure // format. format. • Do Do not not alter alter proper proper structure

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Poster Writing Poster Writing



SHORT WRITING WRITING TASKS SHORT TASKS

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Kinds of Posters Kinds of Posters :: • There Posters that can come in the • There are are two two kinds kinds of of Posters that can come in the exam. exam. 1. Event Poster Poster :: 1. The The Event Event include events events like like School School Fetes, Donation Camps…etc Event Posters Posters include Fetes, Book Book Fairs, Fairs, Blood Blood Donation Camps... etc It events that are to It deals deals with with events that are to take take place. place. The event contains the following value value points: The event poster poster contains the following points: • Slogan • Slogan • Statement (also announcement) • Statement (also announcement) • Venue Venue • • • Date Date • Special Feature Feature • Special • Other Other Features Features • • Important Important Information • Information • Concluding Concluding slogan/statement • slogan/statement • Name Name of of Organiser Organiser • 2. The Non-Event Poster Poster :: 2. The Non-Event Posters Social Issues, Social evils, Bad Habits Infanticide, Alcohol Alcohol abuse, Posters on on Social Issues, Social evils, and and Bad Habits (Child (Child Marriage, Marriage, Female Female Infanticide, abuse, Deforestation... etc.) Deforestation... etc.) • This type of poster deals deals with with important every day day social poster is made up up of the following • This type of poster important every social issues. issues. This This poster is made of the following elements elements ::  Slogan > Slogan  Statement > Statement  > List Fist of of reasons reasons (to (to answer answer the the question question why?) why?)  Statement > Statement  Slogan > Slogan > Name Name of of the the person person or or organiser who has has issued the poster. poster.  organiser who issued the

FORMAT FORMAT I. I.

Format of an an Event Format of Event Poster Poster ::

Ans. Ans.

For For Fun Fun Food Food Frolic Frolic and and Lots Lots of of Excitement! Excitement! Visit: The The New Visit: New Era Era Public Public School School Annual Annual School School Fete Fete Venue Venue The New School groundThe New Era Era Public Public School ground- Roop Roop Nagar-Delhi Nagar-Delhi On On 25th 25th February February 20xx 20xx From From 10:00 a.m. a.m. to 5:00 p.m. 10:00 to 5:00 p.m. Special Special Attraction Attraction Magic by M.K.Sarkar, famous Magician Magic Show Show by M.K.Sarkar, famous Magician Other Attractions: Other Attractions: Food Stalls Game Stalls Food Stalls Game Stalls Joy Rides Attractive Raffle Joy Rides Attractive Raffle Prizes Prizes Entry Ticket Entry by by Ticket Adults -` 50/50/Adults Children ` 25/25/Children -Come One Come Come One Come All! All! Fete Organised by Fete Organised by (New School P .T.A.) (New Era Era Public Public School PT.A.)

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS QUESTIONS 1. Draft ‘Kids Carnival’ 1. Draft a poster poster on on 'Kids Carnival' : Ans. Ans.

Toys Books Clothes Attrachairs Food Stalls Story Books

Art & Craft Material

Presented by : Event Organizers 2. Design a poster poster for your your School Fete. Fete. You You may may use use slogans. Do Do not not exceed exceed 50 words. words. 2. Design A ns. Ans.

St. John School, in aid

eant

Agra

aa&e victim

on Sunday, 2nd March, 20xx from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.

at School Campus A Day of Fun & Frolic ♦ Fancy Dress ♦Snacks Stalls ♦Gymnastics ♦Electronic Games ♦Shooting Contests ♦Merry- Go Rounds Come one : Come all 1 Entry by Tickets

a wMe

cattle



SHORT WRITING TASKS SHORT WRITING TASKS

91 91

3. Woman health club club needs needs a a poster on yoga to promote promote its its importance. poster highlighting highlighting main main Woman health poster on yoga day day to importance. Draft Draft aa poster [DDE] points.[DDE] points.

WORLD YOGA DAY

Ans. Ans.

X 21 JUNE 2Oxx J I Time : 8.um - lO.am j



Yoga - A Discipline Spiritual connection Gain health Gain happiness

Issued in Public Interest by:

f Health Deptt

4. Your Your school school is going to to organise organise a a Diwali to inform the students students about about it. 4. is going Diwali Mela. Mela. Design Design aa poster poster to inform the it. (50 (50 words) words) [DDE [DDE SQP] SQP] Ans. POSTER Ans. POSTER Layout catching and attractive Layout — — Eye Eye catching and visually visually attractive



— 11 Mark Mark —

Content event Content — — Highlights Highlights of of the the event



— 22 Marks Marks —

Expression — — Grammatical Grammatical accuracy, accuracy, spellings Expression spellings



— 11 Mark Mark —



[DDE Marking Scheme] [DDE Marking Scheme]

Detailed Detailed Answer Answer ::

DIWALI MELA Organised

XYZ school

Special Attentions A" Merry - go - rounds Attractive fire works Sumptuous snacks Magic Shows Exciting games

Dont’t miss it Date : 24 October 20XX Time : 4 p.m. onwards

Venue : School ground for more details contact administration office

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, Class-XI

5. Imagine career counselling counselling session is being being organised by Mr. Puri in 5. Imagine that that aa career session is organised by Mr. P P.. K. K. Puri in Hotel Hotel Ashoka, Ashoka, New New Delhi. Delhi. Draft poster in in 50 50 words for the the same. [KVS 2015] 2015] Draft aa poster words for same. a i [KVS Ans. Ans.

CAREER COUNSELLING SESSION

—

CAREER PLANNING

◄— On

28th May, 2022

--------►---------

\

\%s

By : P K. Puri (counsellor and advisor) At : Hotel Ashoka, New Delhi Entry Fee : 1000/- per head. II. of Non-Event Poster :: II. Format Format of Non-Event Poster Ans. Ans.

Say Yes to to Life! Say No N o to to Drugs-Say Drugs-Say Yes Life! Drugs to Life! Drugs are are Injurious Injurious to Life! Say To Drugs Say No No To Drugs Because: Because: Drugs Destroy Your Health. Health. Drugs Destroy Your Drugs Are Addictive. Addictive. Drugs Are Drugs A Happy Drugs Destroy Destroy A Happy Family. Family. Drugs Depression Drugs Cause Cause Economic Economic Depression Drugs Make You A A Mental Mental Wreck. Wreck. Drugs Make You Drugs Careers. Drugs Destroy Destroy Careers. Drugs You A A Social Social Out-Cast. Drugs Make Make You Out-Cast. Drugs Make You A Misfit. Drugs Make You A Misfit.

Choose Life, No To To Drugs! Choose Life, Say Say No Drugs! Once in, in, never never out! out! Once (Issued in Public Interest By By (Issued in Public Interest [Ministry of and Family [Ministry of Health Health and Family Welfare] Welfare] Government Government of of India) India)



SHORT WRITING WRITING TASKS SHORT TASKS

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6. As of 'Excellent ‘Excellent Coaching by you, calling the attention of of students students 6. As the the manager manager of Coaching Centre’ Centre' run run by you, prepare prepare aa poster poster calling the attention desirous attending IIT, coaching to to join coaching centre. centre. desirous of of attending IIT, CPMT CPMT coaching join your your coaching A ns. Ans.

Sure Sucess

CxceCCent
Inform  + Instruct Instruct  Enrich  ♦ Delight Delight  +Enrich

book Take aay ! ad Delay Don't

Your School Library has ten thousand books Read best Speak best Think best

When you are gloomy or lonely your best friend is a book!

Don't judge judge a book by by its Don’t its cover cover Read i t ! Read it! makes a man perfect. Reading makes

Make reading a regular habit

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Oswaal Topicwise, ENGLISH Oswaal CBSE CBSE Question Question Bank Bank Chapterwise Chapterwise & & Topicwise, ENGLISH CORE, CORE, Class-XI Class-XI

14. Prepare behalf of informing the about how to protect 14. Prepare aa poster poster on on behalf of the the Municipal Municipal Authority Authority of of your your city city informing the citizens citizens about how to protect themselves themselves against against mosquitoes. mosquitoes. A ns. Ans.

Eradicate the Eradicate the Mosquito • Mosquitoes cause malaria, degue and chikungunya. • Do not allow mosquitoes to breed in your house, neighbourhood. Do DO

   

Spray insecticides Spray insecticides Open windows when the municipal vans vans come Open for fogging Wear full-sleeve