Neuroanatomy of the Mouse: An Introduction [1st ed. 2020] 3030198979, 9783030198978

Table of contents :
Preface
References
Acknowledgments
Contents
About the Authors
1: Rodent Taxonomic and Biological Data
1.1 General Remarks
1.2 The Mouse/Mouse Breeding
1.3 Basic Biological Features of Rodents
1.4 Mouse Atlas Books
1.5 Transgenic and Knockout Mice
1.6 The Rat
References
2: Basic Neurohistology
2.1 Basic Neurohistology
2.2 The Neuron
2.3 Glia
2.3.1 The Astrocytes
2.3.2 The Myelin Sheath-Forming Cells
2.3.3 The Oligodendrocytes
2.3.4 The Schwann Cells
2.3.5 The Microglia/Lymphatic System
2.4 The Ependyma
2.5 The Choroid Plexus
2.6 The Blood Vessels of the CNS (See Also 7 Chap. 15)
References
3: Rodent Basic Neuroanatomy/Coverings of the CNS/Cerebrospinal Fluid System
3.1 The Major Subdivisions of the Mouse Brain
3.2 Essentials of Anatomic Terminology
3.3 The Cerebrospinal Fluid System
3.4 Coverings of the Mouse Brain
3.5 Axes of the Murine (Vertebrate) Body
3.6 Principles of Stereotaxy
References
4: Macroscopic Anatomy of the Mouse Brain
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Terminology Used
4.3 Coronal Vibratome Series
Reference
5: The Mouse Spinal Cord (Medulla Spinalis)
5.1 General Appearance and Organization of the Mouse Vertebral Column and Spinal Cord
5.2 Developmental Aspects of the  Spinal Cord
5.3 Internal Organization of the Spinal Cord: Gray Matter
5.3.1 Neurons of the Spinal Cord
5.4 Internal Organization of the Spinal Cord: White Matter
5.4.1 Fiber Tracts
5.4.1.1 Tract Tracing
5.4.1.2 Current Knowledge about Murine Spinal Fiber Tracts
5.5 Comparative Anatomy of the Mouse Spinal Cord
References
6: The Mouse Brainstem (Truncus encephali)
6.1 Developmental Aspects of the Brainstem (Truncus encephali)
6.2 General Considerations
6.3 The Rhombomeres of the Brainstem
6.3.1 Rhombomere 11 Rhombic Lip r11/Alar r11/Basal r11
6.3.1.1 Rhombic lip r11 (Rhombic: ỏ ρόμβος [ho Rhombos] Greek = Rhomboid)
Precerebellar Nuclei r11 [Nuclei precerebellares]
Intercalated Nucleus of the Medulla/Intercalated Nucleus [Ncl. intercalatus]
6.3.1.2 Alar r11
Monoamine Nuclei r11
A2 Noradrenaline Cells r11
C1 Adrenaline Cells r11
Trigeminal Sensory Nuclei r11
Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus/Spinal Nucleus of Trigeminal Nerve (Subdivided in Caudal, Interpolar, and Oral Part) [Ncl. spinalis n. trigemini] r11
Paratrigeminal Nucleus r11 [Ncl. paratrigeminalis]
Dorsal Column Nuclei r11
Cuneate Nucleus r11 [Ncl. cuneatus]/Gracile Nucleus [Ncl. gracilis]
Median Accessory Nucleus of the Medulla r11 [Ncl. medianus accessorius medullae]
Solitary Nucleus/Ncll. of Solitary Tract r11 [Ncll. tractus solitarii] (NTS)
Alar Tegmentum r11
6.3.1.3 Basal r11
Branchial Motor Nuclei (Branchiae Latin = Gills)
Retroambiguus Nucleus r11 [Ncl. retroambiguus]
Accessory Nerve Nucleus/Ncl. of Accessory Nerve r11 [Ncl. n. accessorii]
Reticular Nuclei r11 [Ncll. reticulares]
Intermediate Reticular Nucleus/Zone r11 [Zona reticularis intermedia]
Rostral Ventral Respiratory Group r11 [Centrum respiratorium ventrale rostrale]
Central Cervical Nucleus of the Spinal Cord/Central Cervical Nucleus [Ncl. cervicalis centralis]
Medullary Reticular Nucleus [Ncl. reticularis medullaris]
6.3.2 Rhombomere 10: Rhombic Lip r10/Alar r10/Basal r10
6.3.2.1 Rhombic Lip r10
Precerebellar Nuclei r10
6.3.2.2 Alar r10
6.3.2.3 Basal r10
Somatic Motor Nuclei
Hypoglossal Nucleus/Ncl. of Hypoglossal Nerve r10 [Ncl. n. hypoglossi]
Branchial Motor Nuclei r10
Raphe Nuclei r10 [Nuclei raphes]
Reticular Nuclei r10
6.3.3 Rhombomere 9: Roof Plate r9/Rhombic Lip r9/Alar r9/Basal r9
6.3.3.1 Roof Plate r9
Area Postrema [Area postrema]
6.3.3.2 Rhombic Lip r9
6.3.3.3 Alar r9
6.3.3.4 Basal r9
Branchial Motor Nuclei r9
Raphe Nuclei r9
Reticular Nuclei r9
6.3.4 Rhombomere 8: Roof Plate r8/Rhombic Lip r8/Alar r8/Basal r8
6.3.4.1 Roof Plate r8
6.3.4.2 Rhombic Lip r8
Precerebellar Nuclei r8
6.3.4.3 Alar r8
Dorsomedial Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus/Dorsomedial Spinal Nucleus of Trigeminal Nerve r8 [Ncl. spinalis n. trigemini dorsomedialis]
Intermedius Nucleus of the Medulla r8 [Ncl. intermedius medullae]
6.3.4.4 Basal r8
Reticular Nuclei r8
Parvicellular Reticular Nucleus (PCRt) [Ncl. reticularis parvocellularis]
Caudoventrolateral Reticular Nucleus [Ncl. reticularis caudalis ventrolateralis]
6.3.5 Rhombomere 7: Rhombic lip r7/ Alar r7/Basal r7
6.3.5.1 Rhombic lip r7
6.3.5.2 Alar r7
Vestibular Nuclei r7
6.3.5.3 Basal r7
Branchial Motor Nuclei r7
Visceral Motor Nuclei r7
Raphe nuclei r7
Basal Tegmentum r7
Reticular nuclei r7
6.3.6 Rhombomere 6: Alar r6/Basal r6
6.3.6.1 Alar r6
Cochlear/Auditory Nuclei r6 [Ncll. acustici]
Interstitial Nucleus of the Vestibulocochlear Nerve [Ncl. interstitialis n. vestibulocochlearis]
Monoamine Nuclei r6
6.3.6.2 Basal r6
Facial Motor Nuclei
Perifacial Zone r6
Basal tegmental nuclei r6
Reticular Nuclei r6
Parapyramidal Nucleus r6 [Ncl. parapyramidalis]
6.3.7 Rhombomere 5: Alar r5/Basal r5
6.3.7.1 Alar r5
Superior Olive Nuclei/Superior Olivary Complex r5 [Complexus olivaris superior] [. Figs. 6.34 and 6.35]
Central Gray r5
Supragenual Nucleus [Ncl. supragenualis]
6.3.7.2 Basal r5
Somatic Motor Nuclei r5
Branchial Motor Nuclei r5
6.3.8 Rhombomere 4: Rhombic lip r4/Alar r4/Basal r4
6.3.8.1 Rhombic Lip r4
Precerebellar nuclei r4
Pontine Nuclei [Nuclei pontis]
6.3.8.2 Alar r4
Vestibular Nuclei
Lateral Lemniscus [Lemniscus lateralis]
6.3.8.3 Basal r4
Pontine Raphe Nucleus (PnR) [Ncl. raphes pontis]
6.3.9 Rhombomere 3: Rhombic Lip r3/Alar r3/Basal r3
6.3.9.1 Rhombic lip r3
6.3.9.2 Alar r3
Cochlear Nuclei r3
Vestibular Nuclei r3
Monoamine Nuclei r3
6.3.9.3 Basal r3
Motor Trigeminal Complex r3
Raphe Nucleus r3
6.3.10 Rhombomere 2: Rhombic Lip r2/Alar r2/Basal r2/Floor Plate r2
6.3.10.1 Rhombic Lip r2
6.3.10.2 Alar r2
Trigeminal Sensory Nuclei r2
Monoamine Nuclei r2
Subcaerulean Nucleus [Ncl. subcaeruleus]
Perilemniscal Nucleus, Ventral Part [Ncl. perilemniscalis, pars ventralis]
6.3.10.3 Basal r2
Interpeduncular Nuclei r2 [Nucleus interpeduncularis]
Barrington’s Nucleus/Nucleus of Barrington r2 (Pontine Micturition Center) [Centrum micturitionis, Regio M]
6.3.10.4 Floor Plate r2
Interpeduncular Fossa [Fossa interpeduncularis]
6.3.11 Rhombomere 1: Rhombic Lip r1/Alar r1/Basal r1/Floor Plate r1
6.3.11.1 Rhombic lip r1
6.3.11.2 Alar r1
Monoamine Nuclei r1
Alar Cholinergic Nuclei r1
Parabrachial Nuclei r1 [Ncll. parabrachiales]
Lateral Lemniscus Nuclei r1 [Nuclei lemnisci lateralis]
Trigeminal Sensory Nuclei r1
Central Gray
6.3.11.3 Basal r1
Basal Tegmental Nuclei r1
Posterodorsal Tegmental Nucleus [Ncl. tegmentalis posterodorsalis]
Anterior/Ventral Tegmental Nucleus [Ncl. tegmentalis anterior/ventralis, Ncl. of von Gudden]
Dorsomedial Tegmental Area [Area tegmentalis dorsomedialis]
Rhabdoid Nucleus [Ncl. rhabdoideus]
Subpeduncular Tegmental Nucleus [Ncl. tegmentalis subpeduncularis]
Retrorubral Nucleus A8
Raphe Nuclei r1
6.3.11.4 Floor Plate r1
6.3.12 Isthmus, Isthmus Roof Plate/ Isthmus Rhombic Lip/Isthmus Alar/Basal Isthmus/Isthmus Floor Plate
6.3.12.1 Isthmus Roof Plate
Superior Medullary Velum [Velum medullare superius]
6.3.12.2 Isthmus Rhombic Lip
6.3.12.3 Isthmus Alar
Dorsal Nucleus of the Lateral Lemniscus [Nuclei lemnisci lateralis dorsalis]
Microcellular Tegmental Nucleus [Ncl. tegmentalis microcellularis]
Paralemniscal Nucleus [Ncl. paralemniscalis]
6.3.12.4 Basal Isthmus
Retrorubral Field/DAergic Cells in Retrorubral Area [Cellulae dopaminergicae retrorubrales]
Isthmus Trochlear Complex
Isthmus Raphe Nuclei
Isthmus Interpeduncular Nuclei
6.3.12.5 Isthmus Floor Plate
Paranigral Nucleus of the VTA (Ventral Tegmental Area)/Paranigral Nucleus] [Ncl. paranigralis]
6.3.13 Mesencephalon m1/m2
6.3.13.1 Alar Mesencephalon
Superior Colliculus (SC) [Colliculus superior]
Inferior Colliculus (IC) [Colliculus inferior]
6.3.13.2 Liminal Midbrain
Ventrolateral Periaqueductal Gray/Periaqueductal Gray Substance [Substantia nigra periaqueductalis]
6.3.13.3 Mesencephalic Basal Plate
6.3.13.4 Basal Tegmentum
Pararubral Nucleus [Ncl. pararubralis]
Mesencephalic Reticular Formation [Formatio reticularis mesencephali]
Red Nucleus/Red Nucleus, Magnocellular Part (RMC) [Ncl. ruber]
6.3.13.5 Pre-isthmus Midbrain
Sagulum/Sagulum Nucleus [Ncl. saguli] (Sagulum = Small Military Cloak)
Precuneiform Area (Syn. Subcuneiform Nucleus) [Area precuneiformis]
Tectal Gray Group
6.3.13.6 Mesencephalic Floor Plate
Ventral Tegmental Nuclei
6.3.14 Prosomere 1 (Pretectum)
References
7: The Mouse Cerebellum
7.1 General Remarks
7.2 General Developmental Aspects
7.3 General Appearance and Organization of the Cerebellum
7.4 Connectivity and Neuronal Organization of the Cerebellum
7.5 Extrinsic Connectivity of the Cerebellum
7.5.1 The Climbing Fiber System and the Inferior Olivary Complex [Complexus olivaris inferior]
7.5.2 The Mossy Fiber System and the Precerebellar Nuclei
7.6 Intrinsic Connectivity of the Cerebellum
7.6.1 Granule Cells
7.6.2 Golgi Cells
7.6.3 Lugaro Cells
7.6.4 Basket and Stellate Cells
7.6.5 Unipolar Brush Cells
7.7 Cerebellar Nuclei
7.8 Basic Comparative Anatomy of the Cerebellum
References
8: The Mouse Thalamus
8.1 General Remarks
8.2 General Developmental Aspects
8.3 General Appearance and Organization of the Thalamus
8.4 Terminology of the Thalamic Nuclei
8.5 The Thalamus
8.5.1 Dorsal Tier
8.5.1.1 Dorsal Tier Midline (and Intralaminar) Group
Central Medial Thalamic Nucleus (CM) [Ncl. centralis medialis] (. Figs. 8.5 and 8.6)
Interanteromedial Thalamic Nucleus (IAM)
Intermediodorsal Thalamic Nucleus (IMD)
Paraventricular Thalamic Nucleus (PV) [Ncl. paraventricularis thalami]
Paraxiphoid Nucleus of Thalamus (Paxi) [Ncl. paraxiphoideus thalami]
Posteromedian Thalamic Nucleus (PoMn) [Ncl. posteromedianus thalami]
Reuniens Thalamic Nucleus (Re)/Medioventral ncl. [Ncl. medioventralis]/Xiphoid Thalamic Nucleus (Xi) [Ncl. xiphoideus thalami]
Rhomboid Thalamic Nucleus (Rh) [Ncl. rhomboideus thalami]
8.5.1.2 Dorsal Tier Medial Group (. Table 8.2)
Mediodorsal Thalamic Nucleus (MD) [Ncl. mediodorsalis thalami]
Paratenial Thalamic Nucleus [Ncl. parataenialis] (PT)
8.5.1.3 Dorsal Tier Intralaminar-Parafascicular Group (. Table 8.3)
Angular Thalamic Nucleus (AngT)
Centrolateral Thalamic Nucleus [Ncl. centralis lateralis] (CL)
Oval Paracentral Thalamic Nucleus (OPC)
Paracentral Thalamic Nucleus [Ncl. paracentralis] (PC)
Parafascicular Thalamic Nucleus [Ncl. ­parafascicularis] (PF) (. Figs. 8.8 and 8.9)
8.5.1.4 Dorsal Tier Anterior Group (. Table 8.4, . Figs. 8.6 and 8.7)
Anterodorsal Thalamic Nucleus (AD) [Nucleus anterodorsalis]
Anteromedial Thalamic Nucleus (AM) [Nucleus anteromedialis] (. Fig. 8.6)
Anteroventral Thalamic Nucleus (AV) [Nucleus anteroventralis]
Interanterodorsal Thalamic Nucleus (IAD)
8.5.1.5 Dorsal Tier Ventral Group (. Table 8.5, . Figs. 8.5, 8.8, 8.9, and 8.10)
Submedius Thalamic Nucleus (Sub) [Ncl. submedius thalami]
Ventral Anterior Thalamic Nucleus (VA) [Nucleus ventralis anterior thalami]
Ventrolateral Thalamic Nucleus (VL) [Nucleus ventralis lateralis thalami]
Ventromedial Thalamic Nucleus (VM) [Ncl. ventralis medialis thalami]
Ventrobasal Complex (. Figs. 8.5, 8.8, 8.9, and 8.10)
Ventral Posterolateral Thalamic Nucleus (VPL) [Nucleus ventralis posterolateralis] (. Fig. 8.9)
Ventral Posteromedial Thalamic Nucleus (VPM) [Nucleus ventralis posteromedialis] (. Fig. 8.9)
Ventral Posterior Nucleus of the Thalamus, Parvicellular Part (VPMpc) [Ncl. ventralis ­posteromedialis, Pars parvocellularis] (. Fig. 8.9)
Ventral Reuniens Thalamic Nucleus [Ncl. reuniens ventralis thalami]
8.5.1.6 Dorsal Tier Lateral Group (. Table 8.6, . Figs. 8.5, 8.8, and 8.9)
8.5.1.7 Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Group (. Table 8.7, . Figs. 8.8, 8.9, and 8.11)
The Mouse Eye
8.5.1.8 Lateral Posterior-Pulvinar Group (. Table 8.8)
Intramedullary Thalamic Area
Laterodorsal Thalamic Nucleus (LD) [Ncl. lateralis dorsalis thalami]
Lateral Posterior Thalamic Nucleus (LP) [Ncl. lateralis posterior]
8.5.2 Intermediate Tier
8.5.2.1 Intermediate Tier Midline Group
8.5.2.2 Intermediate Tier Posterior Group
Ethmoid Thalamic Nucleus (Eth)
Scaphoid Thalamic Nucleus (Sc)
Suprageniculate Thalamic Nucleus (SG) [Ncl. suprageniculatus]
8.5.3 Ventral Tier
8.5.3.1 Ventral Tier Midline Group (. Table 8.11)
DA11
Subparafascicular Thalamic Nucleus (SPF) [Ncl. subparafascicularis]
8.5.3.2 Ventral Tier Medial Geniculate Group (. Table 8.12)
Medial Geniculate Nucleus (MG) [Ncl. geniculatus medialis]
Marginal Zone of the Medial Geniculate (MZMG)
8.5.3.3 Liminal Thalamus (. Table 8.13)
8.5.3.4 Thalamic Zona Limitans (. Table 8.14)
Zona Limitans Posterior Shell
Intergeniculate Leaflet (IGL)
8.5.3.5 Basal Thalamus
8.5.3.6 Thalamic Floor Plate
Reticular Nucleus of Prethalamus (Rt) [Ncl. ­reticularis prethalami]
8.6 Basic Comparative Anatomy of the Thalamus (. Figs. 8.22 and 8.23)
References
9: The Mouse Hypothalamus
9.1 General Remarks
9.2 General Developmental Aspects
9.3 General Appearance and Organization of the Hypothalamus
9.4 Alar Hypothalamus
9.4.1 Prepeduncular Alar Hypothalamus
9.4.1.1 Optic Recess Area
Anterior Hypothalamus
Circular Nucleus (Cir) [Ncl. circularis]
Lateroanterior Hypothalamic Nucleus (LA) [Ncl. hypothalamicus lateralis anterior]
9.4.1.2 Liminal Prepeduncular Area (Suprachiasmatic Nucleus)
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN) [Ncl. suprachiasmaticus]
9.4.2 Peduncular Alar Hypothalamus
9.4.2.1 Paraventricular-Supraoptic Area
Episupraoptic Nucleus [Ncl. episupraopticus]
Paraventricular Nucleus (PVN)/Paraventricular Nucleus of the Hypothalamus [Nucleus paraventricularis hypothalami]
Juxtaparaventricular Part of the Lateral Hypothalamus
Supraoptic Nucleus (SON) [Nucleus supraopticus]
The Pituitary Gland
9.4.2.2 Subparaventricular Hypothalamus
Posterior Part of the Anterior Hypothalamic Area
Subparaventricular Zone
Entopeduncular Nucleus [Ncl. entopeduncularis]
9.5 Basal Hypothalamus
9.5.1 Prepeduncular Basal Hypothalamus
9.5.1.1 Tuberal Region of the Lateral Hypothalamus
Ventromedial Hypothalamus [Nucleus ventromedialis hypothalami]
9.5.1.2 Arcuate Hypothalamus/Arcuate Nucleus [Ncl. arcuatus hypothalami/Ncl. arcuatus]
Median Eminence [Eminentia mediana]
Periventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus [Ncl. periventricularis hypothalami]
Retrochiasmatic Area, Not Subdivided (RCh) [Area retrochiasmatica]
9.5.1.3 Tuberomammillary Region
Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Nucleus, Not Subdivided
Dorsal Tuberomammillary Nucleus (DTM) [Ncl. tuberomammillaris dorsalis]
Medial Mammillary Nucleus [Nucleus mammillaris medialis]
Medial Tuberal Nucleus [Ncl. tuberalis medialis]
Premammillary Nucleus [Ncl. premammillaris]
Ventral Tuberomammillary Nucleus (VTM) [Ncl. tuberomammillaris]
9.5.2 Peduncular Basal Hypothalamus
9.5.2.1 Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Area (DA)
Dorsomedial Hypothalamic Region/Area [Nucleus hypothalamicus dorsomedialis]
9.5.2.2 Lateral Hypothalamic Region (LH)
Lateral Hypothalamic Area (LH) [Area hypothalamica lateralis] (. Fig. 9.5)
Magnocellular Nucleus of the Lateral Hypothalamus
Anterior Perifornical Nucleus [Ncl. perifornicalis]
Terete Hypothalamic Nucleus [Ncl. terete hypothalami]
Ventrolateral Hypothalamic Nucleus (VLH) [Ncl. ventrolateralis hypothalami]
9.5.2.3 Posterior Hypothalamic Region
Posterior Hypothalamic Nucleus (PHN) [Ncl. hypothalamicus posterior]
Posterior Hypothalamic Area, Anterior Part [Area hypothalamica posterior]
9.5.2.4 Retromammillary Area (. Fig. 9.19)
Ventral Tuberomammillary Nucleus (VTM) [Ncl. tuberomammillaris]
Lateral Mammillary Nucleus (LM) [Nucleus mammillaris lateralis]
Posterior Hypothalamic Area, Dorsal Part (PHD) [Area hypothalamica posterior]
Retromammillary Nucleus, Not Subdivided (RM) [Nucleus supramammillaris] (7 Box 9.21)
Subthalamic Nucleus (STN) [Ncl. subthalamicus]
9.6 Hypothalamic Floor Plate
9.6.1 Tuberal Floor
9.6.1.1 Infundibulum (Inf)
References
10: The Mouse Cerebral Cortex
10.1 General Developmental Aspects
10.2 General Appearance and Organization of the Cerebral Cortex
10.3 Neurons and Internal Connectivity of the Mouse Cerebral Cortex
10.3.1 Projection Neurons
10.3.1.1 Pyramidal Cells
10.3.1.2 Spiny Stellate Cells
10.3.2 Cerebrocortical Interneurons
10.3.2.1 Cajal-Retzius Cells
10.3.2.2 Basket Cells
10.3.2.3 Bitufted Cells
10.3.2.4 Bipolar Cells
10.3.2.5 Chandelier Cells
10.3.2.6 Deep Projecting Cells
10.3.2.7 Double Bouquet Cells
10.3.2.8 Martinotti Cells
10.3.2.9 Elongated Neurogliaform Cells
10.3.2.10 Horizontally Elongated Cells
10.3.2.11 Neurogliaform Cells
10.3.2.12 Shrub Cells
10.3.2.13 Single Bouquet Cells
10.4 General Macroscopic Considerations
10.5 Regions and Areas of the Mouse Cerebral Cortex
10.5.1 Frontal Region
10.5.1.1 Primary Motor Cortex
10.5.1.2 Secondary Motor Cortex
10.5.1.3 Prefrontal Cortex
Infralimbic Cortex
Medial Orbital Cortex
Prelimbic Cortex
Ventral Orbital Cortex (VO)
Dorsolateral Orbital Cortex (DLO)
Area 2
10.5.1.4 Frontal Association Cortex (FrA)
10.5.2 Parietal Region
10.5.2.2 Medial Parietal Association Cortex (MPtA)
10.5.2.4 Parietal Cortex, Posterior Area, Rostral Part (PtPR)
10.5.2.5 Somatosensory Cortex
Primary Somatosensory Cortex, Not Subdivided
Secondary Somatosensory Cortex, Not Subdivided
10.5.2.6 Dorsal Peduncular Cortex
10.5.3 Temporal Region
10.5.3.1 Auditory Cortex
Primary Auditory Cortex
Secondary Auditory Cortex, Ventral Area (AuV)
10.5.3.2 Temporal Association Cortex (TeA)
10.5.4 Occipital Region
10.5.4.1 Visual Cortex
Primary Visual Cortex, Not Subdivided (V1)
Secondary Visual Cortex, Lateral Area (V2L)
10.5.5 Cingulate Region
10.5.5.2 Cingulate Cortex, Area 2 (Cg2)
10.5.5.4 Retrosplenial Granular Cortex, Not Subdivided (RSG)
10.5.6 Insular Region
10.5.6.1 Agranular Insular Cortex, Not Subdivided∗
Dysgranular Cortices
10.5.6.2 Dysgranular Insular Cortex
10.5.6.3 Ectorhinal Cortex
10.5.6.4 Granular Insular Cortex
10.5.6.5 Perirhinal Cortex
10.5.7 Lateral Pallium
10.5.7.1 Claustrum
References
11: The Mouse Hippocampus
11.1 General Developmental Aspects
11.2 Development of the Hippocampal Formation
11.3 General Appearance and Organization of the Hippocampus
11.3.1 Human Hippocampus
11.3.2 Mouse Hippocampus
11.3.2.1 Histology of the Mouse Hippocampus
11.3.2.2 Medial Pallium (The Hippocampal Formation)
11.3.2.3 Hippocampus
11.3.2.4 Dentate Gyrus
11.3.2.5 Subicular Complex
11.3.2.6 Entorhinal Cortex
11.3.3 Hippocampus and Adult Neurogenesis
11.4 Entorhinal Cortex and Alzheimer’s Disease
References
12: The Mouse Amygdaloid Body
12.1 General Developmental Aspects
12.2 General Organization of the Amygdala
12.3 General Macroscopic Considerations
12.4 Microscopic Organization of the Mouse Amygdala
12.5 General Aspects of Amygdala Connectivity
12.6 Subnuclei of the Mouse Amygdala
12.6.1 Lateropallial Part
12.6.1.1 Amygdalopiriform transition area (APir) [Area transitionis amygdalopiriformis]
12.6.1.2 Basolateral Amygdala (BL) [Nuclei basolaterales] (. Fig. 12.8)
12.6.2 Ventropallial Part
12.6.2.1 Anterior cortical amygdaloid nucleus (ACo)
12.6.2.2 Posterolateral cortical amygdaloid nucleus (PLCo)
12.6.2.3 Posteromedial cortical amygdaloid nucleus (PMCo) [Nucleus corticalis posteromedialis amygdalae]
12.6.2.4 Nucleus of the Lateral Olfactory Tract (LOT)
12.6.2.5 Bed Nucleus of the Accessory Olfactory Tract (BAOT)
12.6.2.6 Amygdalohippocampal area (Ahi) [Area transitionis amygdalo-hippocampalis] (. Fig. 12.9)
12.6.2.7 Basomedial Amygdala (BM) [Ncl. basalis medialis amygdalae]
12.6.2.8 Lateral Amygdala (La) [Nucleus
12.6.3 Pallial Septum
12.6.3.1 Septohippocampal Nucleus (SHi) [Nucleus septohippocampalis]
12.6.3.2 Lateral Septal Nucleus, Dorsal Part (LSD) [Ncl. septalis lateralis]
12.6.4 Striatal Amygdala
12.6.4.1 Central Amygdaloid Nucleus, Capsular Part (CeC)
12.6.4.2 Central Amygdaloid Nucleus, Lateral Division (CeL)
12.6.4.3 Central Amygdaloid Nucleus (Ce) [Ncl. centralis amygdalae]
12.6.5 Medial Amygdala
12.6.5.1 Medial Amygdaloid Nucleus, Not Subdivided (Me) [Ncl. centralis amygdalae]
12.6.6 Pallidal Amygdala
12.6.6.1 Sublenticular Extended Amygdala (EA)
12.6.6.2 Sublenticular Extended Amygdala, Central Part (EAC)
12.6.6.3 Interstitial Nucleus of the Posterior Limb of the Anterior Commissure (IPAC)
12.6.6.4 Interstitial Nucleus of the Posterior Limb of the Anterior Commissure, Lateral Part (IPACL)
12.6.6.5 Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis, Intraamygdaloid Division (STIA) [Ncl. striae terminalis]
References
13: The Mouse Caudate Putamen, Motor System, and Nucleus Accumbens
13.1 General Aspects of the Mouse Motor System
13.1.1 Motor Cortex (See Also 7 Chap. 10)
13.1.2 The Corticospinal Tract (cst) [Tractus Corticospinalis]
13.1.3 Substantia Nigra - Caudate Putamen Complex with the Globus Pallidus (Entopeduncular Nucleus) and the Subthalamic Nucleus
13.1.4 The Cerebellum (See 7 Chap. 7)
13.1.5 The Thalamic Motor Nuclei (See 7 Chap. 8)
13.1.6 The Red Nucleus (See 7 Chap. 6)
13.1.7 The Brainstem Motor Nuclei (See 7 Chap. 6)
13.1.7.1 Motor Cranial Nerves (with the Most Important Striated Target Muscles)
13.1.7.2 Parasympathetic Motor Nuclei (with the Most Important Target Sites)
13.1.7.3 Premotor Nuclei
13.1.7.4 Precerebellar Nuclei/Motor Nuclei of the Reticular Formation (See 7 Chap. 6)
13.1.8 The Spinal Cord (See 7 Chap. 5)
13.2 The Mouse Subpallium
13.2.1 General Developmental Aspects
13.2.2 Striatum
13.2.2.1 Corpus Striatum/Caudate Putamen
General Appearance and Organization of the Caudate Putamen
Microscopic Organization
Connectivity of the Caudate Putamen
13.2.2.2 Nucleus Accumbens (Acb, NAc)
13.2.2.3 Olfactory Tubercle (See 7 Chap. 14)
13.2.3 Pallidum
13.2.3.1 Globus Pallidus (GP)
13.2.4 Diagonal Domain
13.2.5 Subpallial Amygdala (See 7 Chap. 12)
13.2.6 Subpallial Septum
13.2.7 Preoptic Area (See 7 Chap. 9)
13.3 Striatal Disorders and Mouse Models
13.3.1 Parkinson’s Disease (Shaking Palsy)
13.3.2 Huntington’s Disease (Huntington’s Chorea)
References
14: The Mouse Olfactory System
14.1 General Developmental Aspects
14.2 General Appearance and Organization of the Olfactory System
14.2.1 Main Olfactory System
14.2.2 The Vomeronasal System
References
15: The Mouse Circle of Willis
15.1 The Human Circle of Willis
15.2 The Mouse Circle of Willis
15.3 Description of the Mouse Cerebral Vessels
15.4 Mouse and Human Cerebral Vessels
References
Index

Polecaj historie

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