Memar Marqah. The Teaching of Marqah. Volume 1: The Text

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BEIHEFTE ZUR

ZEITSCHRIFT

FÜR D I E A L T T E S T A M E N T L I C H E

WISSENSCHAFT

H E R A U S G E G E B E N VON GEORG

FOHRER

84

MEMAR

MARQAH

T H E T E A C H I N G OF

MARQAH

EDITED AND TRANSLATED BY

JOHN

MACDONALD

V O L U M E I: T H E T E X T

1963

VERLAG

ALFRED

TÖPELMANN

•

BERLIN

JOHN MACDONALD

MEMAR

MARQAH

MEMAR THE

MARQAH

TEACHING

OF

MARQAH

E D I T E D AND T R A N S L A T E D BY

JOHN MACDONALD

V O L U M E I: T H E T E X T

1963

VERLAG

ALFRED

TÖPELMANN

•

BERLIN

B E I H E F T E

ZUR

ZEITSCHRIFT

ALTTESTAMENTLICHE HERAUSGEGEBEN

FÜR

DIE

W I S S E N S C H A F T

VON G E O R G

FOHRER

84

© 1963 b y A l f r e d T ö p e l m a n n , B e r l i n 30, G e n t h i n e r S t r a ß e 13 A l l e R e c h t e , einschl. der H e r s t e l l u n g v o n P h o t o k o p i e n und Mikrofilmen, v o n der V e r l a g s h a n d l u n g P r i n t e d in G e r m a n y S a t z und D r u c k : J. J. A u g u s t i n , G l ü c k s t a d t A r c h i v - N r . 3822633 I

vorbehalten

ZUR E I N F Ü H R U N G Von P a u l K a h l e Im Sommer 1906. als ich deutscher Pfarrer in Kairo war. habe ich mich zum erstenmal für drei Tage in Nablus aufgehalten und dabei die Abschriften des Targumtextes der Tora Finhäsije und des aramäischen Textes von Memar Marqah nach einer den Priestern gehörigen Handschrift in Auftrag gegeben. Während eines i4tägigen Besuches in Nablus im Juli 1908 habe ich die bestellten Abschriften mit den Originalen verglichen und einen von drei Texten des Memar Marqah, die derselbe Abschreiber hergestellt hatte, für die Berliner Staatsbibliothek erworben. Denn diese besaß zwar eine von Petermann besorgte und viel benutzte Abschrift des Textes, die aber nicht sehr zuverlässig zu sein schien. Als ich im Begriff war, Nablus zu verlassen, bot mir ein Samaritaner eine fragmentarische Handschrift von Memar Marqah zum Kaufe an, die zweifellos älter als die bisher gesehenen Handschriften war. Jedoch konnten wir uns über den Preis nicht einigen. Nachdem ich im Herbst 1909 als Mitarbeiter an dem von Gustaf Dalman geleiteten Deutschen Evangelischen Institut für Altertumswissenschaft des Heiligen Landes nach Jerusalem gekommen war, erschienen im November jenes Jahres vier samaritanische Priester aus Nablus mit der mir im Jahre zuvor angebotenen Handschrift des Memar Marqah und erklärten: «Du wolltest die Handschrift ja kaufen, so haben wir sie dir mitgebracht.» Diesmal kaufte ich sie ihnen ab. So ist die Handschrift in meinen Besitz gelangt. Als dann Dr. Bowman in Leeds seine Studien an samaritanischen Texten begann und mich fragte, ob er meine Handschrift des Memar Marqah mitverwerten könne, stellte ich sie ihm zur Verfügung. Als er die Leitung des Department of Semitic Languages der Melbourne University übernahm, erklärte er mir, er habe die Handschrift Dr. Macdonald übergeben, der sie bearbeiten wolle. Ich konnte mich bald bei einer Besprechung in Leeds und einer weiteren in Oxford davon überzeugen, daß Bowman die richtige Wahl getroffen hatte. Ich habe seither die Bearbeitung dieses Werkes mitverfolgen können. Dr. Macdonald charakterisiert das Werk des Marqah ganz zutreffend als die wichtigste samaritanische Schrift nach dem Samaritanischen Pentateuch und dem Targum. Sie ist ein repräsentatives Werk aus den ersten Jahrhunderten n. Chr. und die älteste literarische Schöpfung der Samaritaner, die innerhalb von 1 - 2 Jahrhunderten nach ihrer Abfassung datiert werden kann. Wir finden in diesem großen Werke Marqah's die ersten Spuren eines höchst beachtenswerten Phänomens

VI

Einführung

des Samaritanischen: der Assimilation des Christologischen und seine Anwendung auf Mose. Wir bemerken ungefähr die Anfänge eines erstaunlichen Falles von Synkretismus ohne die sonst in der Geschichte der Religion meist festzustellende gleichzeitige Verderbnis der ursprünglichen Formen. Memar Marqah ist ferner ein äußerst wertvolles Kompendium der Entwicklung des Aramäischen, einer Sprache, die bisher kaum die Beachtung gefunden hat, die sie verdient. Im 3. und 4. Jahrhundert war das Aramäische die gesprochene und geschriebene Sprache der Samaritaner, und in dem vorliegenden Werk aus dieser Periode hat sich eine Form jener Sprache entwickelt, die viele interessante Formen und Lehnwörter der Sprache und viele Schätze der aramäischen Syntax aufweist. Die Kenntnis des Aramäischen von Zentral- und Nord-Palästina ist im Vergleich mit derjenigen des Aramäischen von Babylonien und Süd-Palästina niemals groß gewesen. Nun kann das Studium des Aramäischen der samaritanischen Bevölkerung Palästinas weitergeführt werden. Macdonald hat mit großer Sorgfalt die Handschriften und Handschriftengruppen charakterisiert, das Datum der Abfassung des Memar untersucht, über frühere Bearbeitungen des Textes berichtet und auch von den arabischen Übersetzungen des Textes gehandelt, die für das Verständnis des Aramäischen vielfach von besonderer Bedeutung sind.

DEDICATION It is a pleasure and an honour to dedicate this volume to Professor Paul Kahle, a renowned and esteemed scholar who has led many young scholars into the paths of research, and has himself made many valuable contributions to knowledge in the basic fields of text and language. Thanks to his kindness and foresight, one of the most important ancient Samaritan documents has at last been critically edited. It is to be hoped that this tribute to Professor Kahle will be enhanced by the continuation for many years of the reproduction of such ancient and priceless documents. I express gratitude to him also for making mention in his Foreword of some of my chief findings, thus drawing the reader's attention more to the signal importance of Marqah's great work, which Professor Kahle has for many years been one of very few to perceive and appreciate. Grateful thanks are also recorded to Professor John Bowman who had originally intended to share with me the task of producing this volume; it was a matter for regret that he was unable to pursue his aim, but the circumstances which brought this about were happy ones, in that he moved from Leeds to the more onerous and time-consuming task of being Head of the Department of Semitic Studies in the University of Melbourne. To my colleague, Simeon Lowy, M.A., I am indebted for several helpful suggestions in the interpreting of particular words and passages. The Librarians of the Brotherton Library, University of Leeds, and of the Library of the University of Tübingen, have been most helpful in making available material for examination, without which the manuscriptural picture would not have been so clear. University of Leeds,

Department of Semitic Languages and Literatures

JOHN MACDONALD

LIST OF CONTENTS A bbreviations

XI

INTRODUCTION 1. Memar Marqah

XVII

The Date of the Memar

XX

The Text

XX

2. Previous research and publications

XXII

3. The present edition The Kahle MS (K)

XXVI

The Danafi M S S (D)

XXIX

The Levitical M S S (L) British Museum Harl.Codex. 5514 (H) and British Museum

XXXI

(Gaster Collection) 883 (F)

XXXII

Concluding observations on M S S relationships

XXXIII

Modus operandi of the Text Edition

XXXIII

4. Memar Marqah: use of Samaritan Pentateuch and Targum X X X I V 5. The Arabic translations

XXXVI

6. The English translation

XXXVII

7. The importance of Memar Marqah: future research

XXXIX

P A R T I: T H E T E X T Book I

3

Book II

29

Book I I I

53

Book I V

81

Book V

115

Book V I

129

X

List of Contents

APPENDICES Appendix Appendix Appendix Appendix ization

I : additional and variant texts from K I A: additional text from F I I : synonyms employed generally in MSS D, L, K. I I I : orthographic variants and their standard-

152 159 163 173

ABBREVIATIONS A

Acc. add. Aph. Aram. aut sim. A.V. Bibl. Bk. C. cf.

D E Ed. Ethpa. et seq. F f.

ff.

H Heb. ibid. i.e. imper. Ithpa. Ithpe.

J

Jew. Jon. K L 1.

Lam. lit. LXX marg. masc.

Arabic version: e.g. D. i A = Arabic version of D. i Accadian add, adds, adding, addition Aph'el Aramaic or similar Authorized Version Biblical Book Cowley A. E. The Samaritan Liturgy, 2 vols., Oxford, 1909. compare Danafi MSS Elohist source (of Pentateuch) Edition, edited by Ethpa'al and the following as well Fragment MS (British Museum) folio, folios followed by, following figurative Harleian MS Hebrew the same reference that is imperative Ithpa'el Ithpe'al Jehovist (Yahwist) source (of Pentateuch) Jewish (especially in Jew. Targ. = Jewish Targums in general) Jonathan Kahle MS Levitical MSS read, reads, reading Lamedh literally Septuagint margin, marginal masculine

XII MS, MSS M.T. n. neg. Niph. om. Onk. op. cit.

O.T. P p., pp. Pa. pass. Pe. plur. ptc., ptcs. q.l. q.v. Rabb. ref. refs. rev. R.S.V. Sam. seq.

Shaph. sic

sing. S.P. Syr. Targ. trans. v. var. vol., vols.

Abbreviations manuscript, manuscripts Masoretic Text note negative Niph'al omit, omits, omitted, omitting, omission Onkelos work cited Old Testament Priestly source (of Pentateuch) page, pages Pa'el passive Pe'al plural participle, participles which read which see Rabbinic refer, refers, referring, referred, reference references reverse, reverses (American) Standard Revised Version Samaritan following Shaph'el thus (written) singular Samaritan Pentateuch (Ed. A. F. von Gall, Giessen, 1918) Syriac Targum, Targums translation see variant volume, volumes

Biblical Books are referred to Gen. Ex. Lev. Num. Deut. Ps., Pss.

as follows: Genesis Exodus Leviticus Numbers Deuteronomy Psalm, Psalms

Abbreviations Is. Matt. Cor. Eph. Heb. Jas. Rev. (Apocrypha) Macc.

Isaiah Matthew Corinthians Ephesians Hebrews James Revelation Maccabees

XIII

INTRODUCTION

i . MEM A R M A R Q A H Memar Marqah (The Teaching of Marqah), or as it is called in the latest manuscripts " T h e Book of Wonders," 1 is probably the most important Samaritan work after the Samaritan Pentateuch 2 and Targum 3 . There are several reasons for this claim. It is the oldest literary product that can be dated to within a century or two of its composition. It is upon Marqah's Memar that many Samaritan theologians, mystics and liturgists of later, mediaeval times based their work. Furthermore, it is the only representative of Samaritan literature in the early centuries A.D., apart from the few Hymns by Marqah 4 and his son Nanah 5 (both names being Aramaized forms of the Roman names Marcus and Nonus) in the Samaritan 'Book of Common Prayer' called the Defter. 6 We find in Marqah's great work the first traces of that most remarkable phenomenon of Samaritanism, the assimilation of Christology and the application of it to Moses. Here we see the almost inchoate form of one of the most astounding cases of syncretism, without concomitant corruption of the original forms, in the history of religion. Marqah's Memar is equally valuable as a compendium of many opics in Aramaic, a language th at has hardly yet received the attention it deserves. In the first few centuries A.D. Aramaic was certainly he spoken and literary language of the Samaritans and in this work of hat period there is revealed a form of that language, albeit through ate MSS, possessing many interesting forms and loan-words, and many 1

Sefer Pell'ata. So also M. Gaster: Samaritan

Oral Law and Ancient

Traditions,

Vol. i.

Orientalia

Ioanni

Eschatology, 1932, p. 86. 2

See P. Kahle: "The Abisha' Scroll of the Samaritans" in Studia

Pedersen

(Septuagenario A.D. V I I id. Nov. Anno MCMLIII) 1953. For the text see

von Gall: Der Hebräische 3

Pentateuch

See J. W. Nutt: Fragments

of B. Walton in Biblia

Sacra

Giessen, 1918.

der Samaritaner,

of a Samaritan Polyglotta,

London, 1874. The complete text

Targum,

London 1655-57,

unreliable. A new critical

text based on older MSS is to be prepared under the patronage of Prof. P. Kahle. The best work on the Targum to date is P. Kahle's "Fragmente des samaritanischen Pentateuchtargums" in Zeitschrift 4

für Assyriologie,

XVII.

The only serious study and publication of these Hymns is P. Kahle's "Die zwölf

Marka-Hymnen aus dem 'Defter' der Samaritanischen Liturgie" in Opera Minora, See also S. Brown: A critical Liturgy)

and

a comparison

edition

and translation

of it with

early

Jewish

of the ancient liturgy,

Samaritan

Defter

1956. [i.e.

doctoral dissertation, Uni-

versity of Leeds, 1956. 5

For the text see Sir A. E. Cowley's

pp. 15, 410, 422. 8

II

A. E. Cowley, op. cit. I. pp. 1-92.

The Samaritan

Liturgy,

Oxford, 1909, Vol. I.

XVIII

Introduction

treasures of Aramaic s y n t a x . Knowledge of the Aramaic of Central and Northern Palestine has never been great as compared w i t h that of B a b y lonia and Southern Palestine. Now the study of the Aramaic spoken b y the large Samaritan population in Palestine can be further advanced. There are several problems associated directly or indirectly w i t h this work. First, there is the question of the exact nature and aim. It has often been described as a commentary on the Pentateuch, and a midrashic commentary at that. 7 Y e t it is not a typical commentary as Christians, Jews or Muslims would understand the word 'commentary,' for we do not have anything here like a continuous verse-by-verse commentary. In Marqah's monumental work there are certainly midrashes of great length, based on the Bible in the main, but there are also long philosophical, didactic and 'scientific' passages not so based. Theories are set out; there are h y m n s of praise resembling in content and style the H y m n s of Marqah in the Defter; there are independent kabbalistic passages. It would clearly be more accurate to describe this work as a Thesaurus of early Samaritan traditions, hymns, beliefs, saws and epithets, and possibly primitive liturgical phrases and expressions. Different people will judge differently the value of Marqah's Memar. Some will regard the long midrashes on the E x o d u s and on the D e a t h of Moses as foremost in value. Others will consider Marqah's theological teaching as of prime importance, while yet others will see in w h a t Marqah says about creation something that fills a gap in the history of science. Those specially interested in the historical development of Aramaic will discover here a valuable contribution to the language spoken and written for well over two millenia. Another problem is the content. W h y should a work like this begin at the story of Moses and the Burning Bush ? W h y not at Genesis chapter i ? Indeed the most important statements about creation are to be found in Book V I ! I t has been suggested 8 that the original Book I must have contained the midrash on the Birth of Moses, 9 but the present writer thinks this unlikely, chiefly on the ground that the Samaritan stories of and h y m n s on the Birth of Moses include so much of the story of the Birth of Jesus as revealed in the Gospels of St. Matthew and St. Luke, while Marqah shows considerably less sign of ' So D. Rettig's title Memar Marqah: Ein samaritanischer Midrasch zum Pentateuch sucht, Bonn, 1934. So also Heidenheim's Der Kommentar

Marqas,

des

unter-

Samaritaners,

Weimar, 1896. 8

J. E . H. Thomson: The Samaritans:

Their Testimony

burgh, 1919, p. 268. M. Gaster: The Asatir: Moses, 9

to the Religion of Israel,

The Samaritan

Book

Edin-

of the Secrets of

London, 1927, p. 134.

See M. Gaster: " T h e Samaritan Legends of the Birth of Mor.es" in The Quest, X X I . 1,

London, 1930. J . M a c d o n a l d : " T h e Samaritan Doctrine of Moses" in Scottish of Theology, Vol. 13, no. 2, June, i960, pp. 149—62.

Journal

Memar Marqah

XIX

having been influenced by the Gospel writers than the post-Marqan and chiefly 14th century writers who set out the story of the Birth of Moses, although it must be admitted that an additional book by Marqah on Moses' Birth may have been lost after its use by later writers. On this we have no information. 10 A t the same time, the Samaritans of today assert that the Memar once covered the whole of the Torah, but there is no w a y of validating this claim. In 1932 Gaster thought the Memar consisted of five books, and an additional one, now lost, containing the story of the Death of Moses, 11 a remarkable fact that reveals the state of Marqah studies as recently as thirty years ago. We must accept that Book I begins with the Commission of Moses at the Burning Bush. When Marqah's view of history is taken into full account, it seems natural that the starting point for the Exodus midrash should be the Commission rather than the Birth of Moses. To Marqah the plan of God for His people hinged solely on the question of deliverance from sin and adversity. God's dealing with His peoples in Marqah's view were basically soteriological. Thus for Marqah man is so created that his innate wisdom can bring him deliverance from folly and regret; thus the great deliverance of Israel from E g y p t is brought about through God's vice-regent Moses; so in the last days the Samaritan Messiah, called the Taheb, will deliver the true believer from the judgment. For students of comparative religion and those of heterodox Judaism (and even those of primitive Christianity and nascent Islam) Marqah's Memar provides new and vital material. Some have suggested that the Samaritans were dependent on Judaism. Others have said that Samaritanism is a hotch-potch of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. The present writer has indicated elsewhere 12 that Islamic doctrines and ideas do not enter into Samaritanism as early as Marqah's time, and he will show elsewhere how assimilation from Christianity does not develop fully until after Marqah's day. In the Memar the religious atmosphere is similar to that found in Palestine and surrounding regions from the period of Persian rule, through the Hellenistic era, up to the early decline of the Roman Empire. A comparison of the Samaritan Asatir, a book of ancient legends which may belong to the Hellenistic period or possibly the Roman, with the many apocryphal works from the 3rd century B.C. on, will reveal the same or closely similar ideological climate. 10

G h a z a l a d - D u w a i k ' s Moled Moshe

(13th or 14th century) is almost a liturgy in itself

for t h e commemoration of Moses' B i r t h , b u t used on other festive occasions ever since. 11

M. G a s t e r : Samaritan

12

" I s l a m i c Doctrines in S a m a r i t a n T h e o l o g y " in Muslim

t o 290, October i960. II*

Oral Law, p. 86. World, Vol. L , no. 4, pp. 279

T H E D A T E OF THE

MEMAR

Marqah w a s the son of A m r a m b. Sered according to the S a m a r i t a n chronicles. 1 3 I t is not k n o w n for certain w h e t h e r he w a s a H i g h Priest as the 13th or 14th century V a t i c a n MS 1 4 and later liturgical M S S s t a t e ; it is more likely t h a t the ascription of t h a t M S and others really refers to the 13th century A m r a m , High Priest. H o w e v e r , there is no doubt t h a t the Samaritans themselves for centuries h a v e regarded Marqah as a m a n of the greatest possible distinction, w h o m t h e y revered as they revered no other outside of their Bible. F r o m the 14th century on liturgical compositions were often modelled on Marq a h ' s style. His son N a n a h appears in the D e f t e r as the composer of a h y m n . 1 5 I t has been observed b y C o w l e y 1 6 t h a t Marqah ( = Marcus) w a s also called nt31t3 ( = Titus) and his son's name m a y = Nonus, so t h a t the f a m i l y of A m r a m b. Sered " m u s t h a v e lived in the time of the R o m a n government of S y r i a " (Syria = Palestine, Lebanon, Syria of today). A s far as dating the Memar is concerned therefore, we h a v e several factors t h a t indicate the 2nd-4th centuries A . D . — T h e use of Greek words, the A r a m a i z e d R o m a n names of Marqah's f a m i l y , the ideological outlook, the midrashic material, the philosophical and scientific passages, the language and style, and, as we shall see below, the long t e x t u a l tradition. A l l this is in addition to the inescapable fact t h a t Marqah does not b e t r a y any definite signs of the Islamic influences so prominent in later Samaritanism. T h e Samaritan chronicles themselves, 1 7 especially from the n t h century, place Marqah and N a n a h a t about t h a t time. In addition there is the fact t h a t of all the hundreds of Samaritan f a m i l y names k n o w n to us, only Marqah, N a n a h and T o t a are R o m a n . Perhaps in the future it will be possible to trace the history of Christ i a n i t y in Samaria more e x a c t l y , so t h a t w e m a y discover w h y Marqah shows some knowledge of St. J o h n ' s Gospel, while later writers use it in such a w a y as to prove actual dependence, at times verbatim,, on it. THE

TEXT

W e now turn to the history of the. t e x t in general terms before examining the available M S S in chapter 3 of this Introduction. T h e oldest t e x t announced belongs to the late 14th century, the n e x t oldest t o over a century later, followed b y t w o of nearly t w o centuries later still, and a few modern M S S . 13

e.g. A b u '1-Fath: at-Taulida,

p. 133, Neubauer's edition in Journal

cember 1869. 14

V a t i c a n Sam. MS. 3;

16

op. cit. I. x x i . n. 1.

17

See Cowley, op. cit. I. x x & x x i v .

15

Cowley, op. cit. I. 31.

Asiatique,

De-

XXI

Memar Marqah

When one compares Memar M S S with, e.g., those of any one Festival Liturgy, it is transparent that the Memar has not been copied so often and that it has a longer history. Liturgical MSS abound in variants of every kind, but the basic text is not changed very much in the course of time. Such changes as there are by way of additions and omissions are only those to be expected during the development of a liturgical text. As a result of the years of research into liturgical M S S in the University of Leeds under the leadership of Professor J. Bowman (now of the University of Melbourne), it is possible to see how the Liturgy developed and how the available MSS interrelate. While investigating some nine MSS (from the 14th century on) for Y o m ha-Kippur as part of the work for a doctoral dissertation, 18 the present writer discovered that manuscriptural variants are to be related to scribal families. Thus scribes of the Levitical family will agree on choice of words, forms, orthography and synonyms as against those of the Danafi or Marhibi families. This proved to be the case beyond all doubt. The. same discovery applies in the investigation of the MSS used for the text of Memar Marqah. It is abundantly clear from the content and the variants that there are two main types of fixed text, and these belong respectively to the Danafi and Levitical families. This will be illustrated in detail below. There is, however, the special problem of the oldest (14th century) MS, called herein K . This MS differs considerably in content and exact wording from the Danafi and Levitical text-types. As will be shown, this is a text possibly dictated from someone's memory and not copied from an earlier text. That such a process should have been necessary in that century illustrates the truth that it was in the 14th century that the greatest revival in MS reproduction took place. 19 It appears to be true that in the 14th century the Samaritan literary resources were in desperate straits. This may have been due to the devastating inroads of the savage conqueror Timur Lane (1336-1405) and other unhappy events such as perhaps the Bubonic Plagues of 1348 and 1360 which were rife in Syria. But the process of devastation may have been at its worst during the Roman period; certainly under Justinian the Samaritans (particularly in 529) suffered greatly. 20 It seems that it was only after the migration of some Damascene Samaritans to Palestine in the 14th century that MSS copying as well as literary production revived. We do not know yet if the Syrian and 18

A critical edition of the text of the Samaritan

thereof and comparison

with the corresponding

Yom ha-Kippur Jewish

liturgy, with translation

liturgies,

University of Leeds,

I95818

Cowley, op. cit. p. x x x i v .

20

See Cowley's remarks in Jewish Quarterly Review, V I I I , p. 568.

XXII

Introduction

Palestinian Samaritans experienced a period of internal conflict in literary, liturgical and theological matters, but it is possible t h a t sectarian controversy was active at that time. W h a t we can be sure about is that from that time (a) M S S h a v e a 'family' flavour: (b) M S S were copied in great q u a n t i t y : (c) Syrian liturgical orders are contained in some copies: 2 1 (d) Eastern Aramaic forms find a place in M S S copied in Nablus. Thus the problems arising from the M S S consulted for the present work must be related to the question of to which family a particular scribe belonged. In addition, it must be noted that the M S S consulted have been allowed to speak for themselves, and that it has nowhere been taken for granted that all M S S b y , e.g., a Levitical scribe must agree in orthography, synonyms or content.

2. P R E V I O U S R E S E A R C H and P U B L I C A T I O N S The honour of being the first to publish compositions b y Marqah falls to F. H. Gesenius 22 who reproduced some of his H y m n s under the title Carmina Samaritana in 1824. T h e first publication of any part of Marqah's Memar was produced b y S. K o h n in 1876 23 from a single fragment. He received this M S from Franz Delitzsch, but neither Delitzsch nor K o h n recognized the M S to be a fragment of the Memar. The fragment he edited contained the Passover Haggada, b u t in fact it was a comparatively small fragment based on one inferior text. K o h n realized that the work represented b y his fragment was probably part of a huge Samaritan midrash, but he had no w a y of recognizing the uniqueness of Marqah's great work. In 1868 H. Petermann was able to make a copy of a complete M S of the Memar in Nablus. This was finally deposited in the Prussian State Library in Berlin and catalogued as M S or qu. 522 (now in Tübingen, but see further the description in chapter 3 under D. 2). It was not till 1888 that the first edition of a part of the Berlin (now Tübingen) Codex was made. Part of Book V I of the Memar was edited b y H. B a neth under the title Des Samaritaners Marqah an die 22 Buchstaben.21 T w o years later in 1890 another part of the work was edited, this time the whole of Book V, b y E . Münk under the title Des Samaritaners Marqah: Erzählung über den Tod Moses in Berlin. T h e first substantial attempt to publish the Memar in extenso was b y Heidenheim in 1896 21

e.g. British Museum Harl. Cod. 5514.

22

Leipzig, 1824.

23

" F r o m a Passover H a g g a d a of the Samaritans" in Zur Sprache, Literatur und Dog-

matik der Samaritaner, 24

Leipzig, 1876.

(den Grundstock der hebräischen Sprache) anknüpfende Abhandlung, Berlin, 1888.

Previous research and publications

XXIII

under the title Der Kommentar Marqas, des Samaritaners.7,5 A year later in 1897 L. Emmrich produced a text of a small part of Book II under the title Das Siegeslied (Exodus cap. 15): eine Schrifterklärung des Samaritaners Marqah in Berlin. In the following year, M. Hildesheimer edited part of Book I under the title Des Samaritaners Marqah Buch der Wunder in Berlin. Finally in 1934 in Bonn D. Rettig edited part of Book IV under the title Memar Marqah: ein Samaritanischer Midrasch zum Pentateuch in the Bonner Orientalische Studien Series. Some of Marqah's Hymns from the Defter were also reproduced or edited after the time of Gesenius, e.g. by R. Kirchheim in Carme Shomron, Frankfurt a/M. in 1851, but the only critical edition of value has been that of Professor P. Kahle, "Die zwölf Marka-Hymnen aus dem " D e f t e r " der samaritanischen Liturgie." 2 6 Kohn's work was of little value apart from the fact that it did represent part of the Memar, because it was based on a single fragment whose text is inferior and unreceived. The work of Petermann had value because it was the first complete text, but again only one (inferior) MS underlay it, and the whole production was uncritical. Similarly, the work of Baneth, Münk and Emmrich relied on a single complete text. However, Baneth, Münk and Emmrich contributed for the first time useful critical and comparative observations, especially on linguistic matters, and attention was drawn to possible comparison of Samaritan traditions with Jewish sources. Heidenheim unhappily reproduced his text inaccurately and errors exist by the score. He attempted to give the Biblical references (as footnotes to the text), but this was an incomplete and arbitrary attempt. Furthermore he made use of a fragment of the Memar discovered in the British Museum (see chapter 3 below under H), but this fragment was too small to be of real value at that time. Most of his footnotes, apart from the Biblical references, consist of his own emendations and readings, almost all of which have since proved to be wrong. Y e t Heidenheim performed a useful service. He recognized that Kohn's fragment represented part of the Memar and that the British Museum fragment and the fragment published by Kohn deviated from the Berlin Codex. Thus a beginning was made to the critical, comparative work now possible in this complete edition. It has rarely been pointed out, if ever, that Book I I I is missing from Heidenheim's text. U p to the beginning of the 20th century, therefore, the text of Memar Marqah was known only from one poor complete MS and two fragments. Bibliotheca Samaritana III, Weimar. In Baumstark-Festschrift, Oriens Christianus III, 7, 1932, pp. 77-106, and later in Opera Minora (P. Kahle), 1956. 25

26

Introduction

XXIV

A further stage was reached in Memar studies in 1906 when Professor P. Kahle found a MS in Nablus during his stay there, which is dated 938 A.H. (1532 A.D.), nearly two centuries older than the Tübingen MS. Besides this, he observed other Memar M S S of a different text-type, one of which was copied in 1155 A.H. (1742 A.D.). He ordered from the priest Isaac (Ishaq) a copy of the MS dated 938 A.H. This was made and two years later in 1908 Professor Kahle compared the copy with the original and made many pencilled corrections to the copy. For Professor Kahle's own description of the acquisition of Memar MSS, see his Foreword. This was a great step forward in the study of the text and much that has been done in the preparation of the present edition has been due to Professor Kahle's discovery and the action he took. He further acquired one copy of the other text-type. The MS dated 938 A . H . and copied and checked by him in 1908 was deposited in the Prussian State Library, Berlin, later transferred to Tübingen (see next chapter under L. 2); likewise the later MS went to the same library (see next chapter under B. 2). Rettig noted 27 that another MS of the later text-type was deposited in the British Museum (see next chapter under D. 1). Rettig wrongly described it as MS or. 7293 (for 7923) and he did not realize its value, for it has proved on examination to be the best and most accurate copy of all. In 1909 Professor Kahle obtained the oldest known MS of the Memar, a copy which did not come from the possession of the priestly family. There is no normal colophon and indeed the existence of this MS creates peculiar problems which will be discussed in the next chapter under K . The MS contains a large section of the Memar, with several brief and lengthy lacunae. Rettig has stated 28 that it is close to the text published by Kohn, but this not a fair assessment. This MS is different from all other known MSS except for Book V I where it agrees with the later copies fairly closely, even verbatim in many passages; as the Colophon suggests, it is not, as the other MSS, a copy made in the usual way from an older MS, but it proves to be an approximate text probably dictated from memory, as will be demonstrated below. Before turning finally to the latest work on the Memar, the present edition, a word must be written about the contribution made by Rettig in 1934, for his critical work not only took into account the labours of his predecessors, but it was the first truly comparative work, albeit on a limited scale. Unlike his predecessors, Rettig had access to Professor Kahle's MS, and one MS of the later type in addition to the (then) Berlin Codex and 27 28

op. ext. ibid.

p.

II.

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fragments used b y the earlier editors. He was thus enabled to make a comparative study, within limits, of the M S S at his disposal. From this study he rightly concluded that the variants were chiefly of a linguistic and orthographic order. He saw that the British Museum Harl. Cod. belonged w i t h the M S copied in 938 A . H . , that the latter provided more consistent and correct readings than the later M S S available to him. T h e M S of 938 A . H . he called B , while the two-volume M S used b y Baneth, Hildesheimer, Emmrich, Munk and Heidenheim he called C. T h e copy made b y Petermann is given the code D. T h e K a h l e M S (the oldest of all) is Rettig's A. T h u s Rettig used four M S S and had only one representative of each of his four text-types. His B, C, D he found to be closely connected as a text-type against his A , but he thought his B represented better readings than C, except in the first part of Book I where he regarded his B text as secondary. D he regarded as the least correct of all Memar M S S , but he did not recognize that m a n y of the variants m a y have been due to Petermann in the process of reproduction and editing. Rettig presented a useful and accurate classification of variants; here are his six classes: 1. orthographic variants 2. exchange of consonants 3. inversion of consonants 4. variants originating as a result of the use of synonymous Aramaic expressions 5. variants resulting from a variety of uses of the designation of deity 6. variants in the use of A l e p h as a mater lectionis. He gives examples of these, using A as against B , C, D. T h u s the impression is gained that B , C, D normally use particular variants as against A. This is, in fact, an unjustified procedure. Only b y a close scrutiny of the texts for the whole six books of Marqah can fully comparative work be done. For example, Rettig gives in for A and ton for B , C, D, and l a for A as against na for B , C, D. T h e overall picture derived from an examination of the whole t e x t reveals that A uses Rin nearly as often as in, and that all Rettig's B , C, D v a r y considerably in the use of TO and na (and their derivative forms). He states too 29 that the later M S S use nttfls n a i rvai for A ' s ntffis, but again this is not the whole truth, for Rettig's A in fact uses a number of times in Book V I . It would be more accurate to say that Rettig's B , C, D are fairly (not always) consistent in using nttfa W l ¡T3J, while his A is not. Nevertheless R e t t i g performed a valuable service in the field of Marqah studies when he critically examined his four MSS. Since his time the subject has been allowed to lapse, except for the continued, 21

op. cit. p. 16.

XXVI

Introduction

keen interest of Professor Kahle. That interest finds its fullest expression in the present edition. Professor Kahle with typical kindness has made his MS available to the present editor on a long loan. For the present work other MSS have been brought into service, transforming the textual situation. These will be described and related in the next chapter. Two of these belong to the John Rylands Library, and the third (the most correct of all the MSS) to the British Museum (mentioned in passing by Rettig). 30 A further fragment in the British Museum has been consulted in addition. Thus the present edition is a result of the study of nine M S S — t h e Kahle MS, three MSS from Danafi scribes, three from Levitical scribes, the British Museum Harl. Cod. (same text-type as the Levitical) and another British Museum fragment. It will be seen below that the Danafi MSS represent the best text for a number of reasons and that they are nearer than the Levitical to the older text possibly reflected in the Kahle MS. The study of the Memar of Marqah thus reaches the most advanced stage so far, and it may not be possible to proceed further unless older, reliable MSS unexpectedly become available. 3. T H E P R E S E N T E D I T I O N T H E K A H L E MS (K) This MS, in the possession of Professor Kahle, is, as we have seen, the oldest MS available for consultation by nearly a century and a half. It must have been written before the year 793 A.H., as will be seen below in connection with its Colophon. Set out in parallel columns of Aramaic and Arabic, both in Samaritan script, it contains 143 folios. There are several lacunae, some of great length, but each of the six books is represented, from a brief portion of Book II to an almost complete Book VI. (N.B. Hebrew names for the Samaritan characters have been used below for convenience of readers). K occupies a unique place among MSS for several reasons: 1. The Colophon is entirely different from that of any other MS. Here is the complete Colophon:

Va -raai niraai nsriTi nTp-n nau man op Vv nana p x anan •wrvN p pnx p nan-x pwma pan nVnpn nan p onrB

aVa Ton

w w D^nm onnan nsVx p Vxwj p nrvVx p onre p nv -ax p pnx p •px p x n-aV rrnm Va isVw nrats n^ia uuri rVs? -pan mn30

op. cit. p.

II.

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T h e names mentioned are all known from Samaritan chronicles (see also Cowley's genealogical table). 31 There is the unusual problem, however, of the form of the Colophon. Normally the date (day, month and year) of writing is given in Samaritan colopha. The expression D® V» does not occur elsewhere in Samaritan colopha as far as the present writer can discover. No mention is made of the scribe and indeed the first word is not the usual way to affirm that the MS is a copy from an older text. There are two problems in particular concerning the interpretation of the Colophon, (i) The words D® VS? must mean 'on the authority o f or 'under the patronage o f , but they are not used in the same sense in Jewish texts where D®» would have these meanings. It seems necessary to understand DIP to mean 'on the authority of,' in which case the implication is that this is not a copy, but a text commissioned and set out according to a particular priest or copyist, possibly at the commissioner's choice, but it is possible, of course, that the commissioner (or authority if we read 'on the authority of') may have possessed an unreceived text. It is possible to read the words as reflecting the situation of the 14th century, when there was a serious dearth of MSS and hence OP Vs? would represent a new start in preparing a text according to the best living authority. The problem is difficult because of lack of information. It may be best to take this line of interpretation and see in the Danafi and Levitical texts descendants of a text either not available to or authenticated by Phinehas. (2) •>1?!3 a1?», an expression which has two possible interpretations: (a) Since aVa occurs in many Samaritan compositions as = u1?» (or ua), we may render it 'from (the words of'), (b) Both words may depend on T o n and so 'pious from a full heart,' which would suit well the immediately preceding context. On the whole, judgment has been made on the K text itself and on its relationship to the Danafi and Levitical MSS. One would have thought that a MS with such a colophon would belong to the priestly family as the Levitical M S S do; yet Professor Kahle did not find it in the possession of that family. Hence we must assume that the exact history of K is lost to us. The Danafi and Levitical M S S have a family history going back to within one and a half centuries of K (in the case of one Levitical MS certainly), and we must remember that if Memar M S S were copied so infrequently by any one family (as there is every reason to believe) the earliest Danafi and Levitical M S S must reflect a textual tradition at least as old as K . (It is interesting to observe that Cowley's footnote 1 in the page last cited is now rectified, as all the names he gives from the chronicle atTaulidah as descendants of 'Uzzi b. Phinehas are found above.) 31

op. cit. II. p. xlv.

XXVIII

Introduction

Phinehas became High Priest in 793 A.H. 3 2 Since his father Ithamar only is entitled High Priest in the Colophon, K must have been written for Phinehas before 793 and thus K may be dated about 790 A.H. 2. K everywhere throughout Books I to V reveals an approximation of the Danafi and Levitical versions—with the exception to a degree of the early part of Book I, and it is precisely here that one might expect a priest's or scribe's memory to be fairly accurate! The further one reads the more K deviates from what may be regarded as the established text. This is not to say that K is of little value, however, for there is no ground for asserting that Phinehas did not recollect exact forms and phrases. There are places, even towards the end of Book I, where K clearly offers a better form, but on the whole this is rare. This MS is inconsistent in its Hebraisms, in its use of matres lectionis, and sometimes a verse is given twice where each is a variant form of the other. Rettig has perhaps failed to realize the extent of K ' s inconsistent orthography. If he had felt obliged to present a standardization of the orthography (within permissible limits, of course), he would have observed that K is one of the least consistent of the M S S in orthography, in Hebraizing forms and in its use of synonyms. See further Appendix I I for examples of K ' s inaccurate and inconsistent orthography. 3. K is not only an approximate text; it is an approximate Danafitype text. The only MS consulted that agrees closely with K , where K diverges widely from the Danafi and Levitical M S S is a Danafi MS (see under D. 3 below). This close relationship is seen most clearly in K , f. I 3 - I 3 a , and D. 3, f. 55-56. K throughout is undoubtedly closer to the Danafi text than to the Levitical. 4. K presents a smooth, easily readable text. "Memory smooths away difficulties." As a general rule in dealing with old MSS, the persistence of difficulties of syntax and mutilation of unusual words indicates that such a text has probably a long history. K is singularly free of syntactical difficulties, a fact which, at least as a part of cumulative evidence, suggests an approximate text dictated from memory and not copied. 5. It seems almost certain that K was somewhat longer than the Danafi and Levitical texts, but it probably covered the same ground by and large. There are fewer Danafi and Levitical pieces missing in K than there are K additions missing in the other two. The difference in length between the text of K and that of the other M S S may well suggest a paraphrastic or pleonastic text not derived directly from an anterior text. 92

See also Jewish Quarterly Review, x v . p. 636, quoted b y Cowley, op. ext., II. p. xxix.

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6. Finally, w h y does K agree almost verbatim with the other texts in Book V I ? With the exception of K ' s exceedingly careless orthography, there are no real differences between K and the other texts. In view of the widely diverging text presented b y K for Books I to V , it seems possible that Book V I had a separate textual history as far as K is concerned. Admittedly, Book V I is the only book of the six not intimately bound up with the general theme of the Memar, and it m a y have had an independent existence (whether originally or only in much later times we do not know), or alternatively Book V I did exist in Phinehas' time in a received text. If this is so, then we have further evidence for the antiquity of the Danafi text, and to a lesser extent of the Levitical. The orthography of K The chief orthographic characteristics of K are as follows: 1. Use of Hebrew) forms. Hoph'al forms are more common in K than in any other MS. It is noteworthy that the revival of Hebrew among the Samaritans took place only a little before the time when K (having no textual tradition behind it) was written. Almost all the liturgical compositions from the 14th century are in Hebrew (or Hebrew mixed with Aramaic), and many K - t y p e Hebrew forms are found in the 14th century liturgical writings, for which we possess many M S S dated only a century or two after the composition. This does not hold true for the Danafi text, and only to a small extent for the Levitical. There is also more confusion of Aramaic spellings in K than in the other M S S . Thus we have further indication that K was not copied from an earlier Aramaic MS. 2. Addition of long 'a'. Alif Tawila is frequently added in K : e.g. ¡WltPa for ¡VHP» (f-18); iVxiW for iVvtP (f. 19). Likewise K tends to employ Prosthetic Aleph more than the other M S S : e.g. n i n s for j n (f. 18); n V s o s for n*?DD (f. 22). W e m a y h a v e here further evidence t h a t K was not copied, but written down with forms reflecting the 14th century pronunciation of Aramaic, for the examples quoted and m a n y others reveal the modern-type pronunciation with initial vowel-sound added. 3. He in pn -1 —is frequent in K , but the more usual spelling j v — o c curs fairly often. T o sum up, K is an approximate Danafi t y p e text written from memory at a time when Aramaic was no longer in use and Hebrew h a d become the literary language. T H E D A N A F I M S S (D) There are three M S S of D : D. 1 (British Museum 7923) copied in 1 1 5 1 - 4 A . H . (1738-41 A.D.) b y Jacob b. Murjan b. A b r a h a m b. Ishmael (son of scribe of D . 2 A.)

XXX

Introduction

D. 2 A. (Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen 33 MS. or. qu. 1086 I) copied in 1 1 5 4 A.H. (1741 A.D.) by Murjan b. Abraham b. Ishmael (father of scribe of D. 1 and brother of scribe of D. 2 B.). Only for Books I - I I . D. 2 B. (Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen MS. or. qu. 1086 II), the continuation of D. 2 A., copied in 1 1 5 6 A.H. (1743 A.D.) by Ab Sakhwah b. Abraham b. Ishmael (brother of scribe of D. 2 A.). Only for Books I I I - V I . D. 3 (John Rylands Library, Manchester, Gaster Collection 825) copied in 1308 A.H. (1891 A.D.) by Ab Sakhwah b. As'ad b. Ishmael. It has already been pointed out that the D MSS are somewhat closer to K than the L. D. 1 , 2 are from the pens of close relatives, but fortunately D. 3 (not available to Rettig and his predecessors) is written two and a half centuries later. B y that time the influence of the L MSS had become felt and indeed D. 3 agrees at times with L against the other D MSS, but only in the first part of Book I and also in Book VI, where D is very close to K . Description of D MSS D. 1 (Rettig's Type C), folios 287, used only in microfilm, has far less irregularities than any other MS, although like any other scribe, the D. 1 scribe sometimes missed a word, especially at the end of a section. Like K , D. 1 employs He for the initial letter of the Aph. more than do the other MSS. The only frequent error in D. 1 is the omission of Yöd in masculine plural nouns and in Pe'il-type adjectives, as well as (less frequently) the Imperfect preformative Yöd. D.2A. (Rettig's Type C), folios 88, is written in a close, thin cursive hand. The scribe frequently employs Arabic script at the ends of lines. Waterstains exist along the top margins, but the text is only slightly affected. Many additions are inserted between the Arabic and Aramaic columns. The title of the work in the Colophon is correctly given as "Memar Marqah." D. 2 B. (Rettig's Type C), folios 186, written in several similar hands, the characters being thin and neatly formed; folios 90-96 are out of order. Some Arabic annotations are found in a later hand in the margins. Several lines are scored through here and there. The early folios are badly waterstained along the top and side margins; some loss of text results from damage to a few folios at the end. D. 2 is less consistently accurate than D. 1 , but generally more accurate than the L MSS. Several orthographic weaknesses characteristic of D. 2 are xa for na, N1? for 15? "ID for nsnD- In one case the scribe " Depot der ehemaligen Preußischen Staatsbibliothek.

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XXXI

added I T to the text where D. I omits it (but D. I'S Arabic has the equivalent). D.3 (Rettig's Type C), folios 307, used only in microfilm, is guilty of many inaccuracies which may have come from one or other of the L MSS which possess very similar inaccuracies. The chief characteristics are: considerable use of Alif Tawila, writing of m m for Nim, NH for nx ( = k), use of the Heb. Article with the Aram. Emphatic noun (e.g. nmvpn), confusion of the Pe. ptc. when it is not a substantive (e.g. S71T for S?T), PIX for NJX (aut sim.) with sing, verb, and several cases of confusion and inversion of radicals (e.g. 13m for - o i a : px for p x for ij?Dp>) and a few examples of insertion of Shin (e.g. rnitfX for n u x : lamwx for -panx (a triple fault)).

T H E L E V I T I C A L MSS (L) There are three MSS of L: L. 1 (Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen MS or. qu. 1087), copied for Professor Kahle in 1906 and checked by him in 1908, by Solomon b. Amram b. Solomon and Abraham b. Phinehas b. Isaac b. Solomon from the original copy dated 938 A.H. L. 2, obtained by Professor J. Bowman in photostat made in Nablus. Copied in 1227 A.H. (1812 A.D.) by Solomon b. Sarur b. Joseph b. Sarur b. Isaac from a copy by Muslim b. Qabazi (thus L. 2 has the value of a 16th century MS). L. 3 (John Rylands Library, Manchester, Gaster Collection 1873), copied in 1283 A.H. (1870 A.D.) by A b Hisdah b. Jacob b. Aaron b. Solomon. L MSS are characterized by a multitude of variant spellings and inconsistencies of orthography, and by a substantial number of unimportant additions (e.g. words like rD1?» - r m -nVvn). They Hebraize forms much more than the D MSS and usually agree together in synonyms against D. Description of L MSS L. 1 (Rettig's Type B), folios 221, written in clear, cursive Samaritan with many corrections in the margins. Professor Kahle's corrections and notes are in pencil in the margins. This MS contains numerous misspellings and inconsistent orthography; e.g.: confusion and inversion of radicals: p a o » ^ for poayrv: prnnx f ° r pnnaxmisspellings: n n V c for nm 1 ?^: D-'V'X for o - V r x : nniajp for nnaur. Heb. feminine plur. in n for m; XVI for mn: nV for x1?: nJTp1 for nr-ijr, etc.

XXXII

Introduction

orthographic irregularities: hnVd for :7IK for ^ na for and p ; there are m a n y examples of addition and omission of Y o d . insertion of Shin: •»ixbtP for "nub: addition of Alif T a w i l a is frequent. L. 2 (Rettig's T y p e B) folios 308, written in very clear squarish characters; paragraphs are excellently arranged throughout. Arabic script is used at ends of lines in the Arabic columns. Contains numerous errors of the type mentioned in connection with L. 1, as well as other idiosyncracies; e.g. careless writing of consonants: -pa for a r a i n m for "nDTVWnts for "jv:"iriTN for m t a . In fairness it must be observed that most of such errors occur through incompletion of a character and they mostly occur in one group of folios in Book I. inaccurate separation of words: m n fS? for an n r » : VU Danxi for ima a r m confusion of letters: -my for ms?: m a i n « for r m a n x Heb. plur. ending in ">d frequently for ¡v. Use of x in i r a j . use of nnn—instead of n n — f o r feminine singular emphatic. use of wrong radical: * n s for t5ns:mn for nin:"]S?na for "pHOL. 3 (Rettig's T y p e B) folios 259, used only in microfilm. Written in neat, close script; agrees often w i t h D. 2 when D. 3 agrees w i t h D. 2. L i k e L and D. 3 it Hebraizes often. Despite its manifold errors L. 3 often gives a correct or corrected grammatical form. Tends to use full matres lectionis, the emphatic ending; prefers s to n for the feminine plur., and n n — f o r n — f o r the 2nd person masc. sing.; it also uses feminine substantives in m — f o r the concrete substantive. L. 3 often agrees w i t h D. 3 in orthographic details; it frequently paraphrases. Here are its most typical errors: omission of Yod: especially in Pe. pass. ptc. and construct plur. of substantive. confusion of long vowel and guttural: m i T 3 for riTXainversion of radicals: nnttODl for nnaDttH: pna^K for pn^DX. conjunctive Waw frequently added or omitted. B R I T I S H M U S E U M H A R L . C O D E X 5514 (H) Folios 220 (only 7 1 - 7 6 a are for the Memar), contains chiefly liturgical compositions. Consulted b y Cowley in preparing his Samaritan Liturgy (his H. 3). Inferior and corrupt t e x t ; only a fragment of B o o k I. It agrees more w i t h L than with D. It is probably to be dated early in the 16th century. Cowley observes 34 (in effect) that H came from Damascus, but this fact is not likely to account for the m a n y variants, for these are clearly the work of a poor scribe. T h e chief variants which affect the meaning h a v e been given in the footnotes to the t e x t of B o o k I. ** op. cit. I. p. xii.

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B R I T I S H MUSEUM (Gaster Collection) 883 (F) F is a fragment of fourteen folios consisting of three portions of the text. Written in large, closely-packed characters; untidy and careless in parts. The text (parts of Books III and VI only) is quite different from K , D or L for Book III and is closer to Rettig's Type D. For Book VI it is, like K, identical with D and L. No scribe's name or date is given, but the fragment may belong to the 17th century. CONCLUDING O B S E R V A T I O N S ON MSS R E L A T I O N S H I P S It has been shown that there are two main types of established text, D and L, and in addition three fragments have been used, K (a large series of fragments providing an approximate text nearer to D than to L), H (close to L), and F (representing an unreceived text like Kohn's fragment, about which we have practically no information). Rettig 35 has shown that his A (our K) stands apart from his B, C (our L, D), and that his B (our L) deviates substantially from his C (our D). He bases his judgment largely on language and style, stating (hardly correctly): "Die Abweichungen sind vor allem sprachlicher Natur," but (correctly): " B und C gehen gewöhnlich zusammen und weisen gegenüber D viele Varianten auf, bieten jedoch meist gegenüber D den korrekteren Text." He agrees with the present editor that L is secondary to D. The findings of the research underlying this complete edition, based on nine MSS, are similar to Rettig's. His work has been checked through and in addition there is the discovery that the MSS can be distinguished according to the family of the scribe. From every point of view, therefore, the Danafi text, its best representative being D. 1 (the oldest), must be regarded as the basis of any reliable edition of Memar Marqah. MODUS O P E R A N D I OF T H E T E X T EDITION 1. The text is that of D. 1, corrected in small particulars from D. 2, 3 and occasionally from K and L, as indicated in the footnotes to the text. 2. The orthography, inconsistent to some extant in every MS consulted, has been standardized throughout. To this statement a qualification must be made; where the scribe uses Eastern forms, as he often does, these have been left untouched. Further, where there is a genuine variant such as the 2nd person masc. plur. of verbs Final 36

III

op. ext. pp. 14 et seq.

XXXIV

3.

4.

5.

6. 7.

Introduction

Weak (e.g. p e n s and prvnx, p ' l i i and pmn), no attempt has been made to standardize. Standardization has only been effected where the MSS allow. Footnotes to the text consist in the main of variants, omissions and additions which affect the meaning of the text, as well as some explanatory annotations. Synonyms, of which there are hundreds, have not been reproduced, but Appendix II contains a substantial list of those that occur, arranged according to their use in the various text-types. Additions from K which cannot be identified with any D or L text have been placed in Appendix I. Small additions are given, as usual, in the footnotes. In the Aph. Perfect and Imper. of the verb, Aleph has been preferred to He, but several forms are regarded as Hebrew Hoph'als, in which case initial He has been retained. The Hoph'als (and the infrequent Niph'als) have been noted in the footnotes. Some of these are not obviously Hoph'als in the MSS and standardization to the Hoph'al form has been made only when the Arabic translation is equivalent. Hebraisms are not retained where they are peculiar to D. 1. See further Appendix III for details of the process of standardization. Punctuation and Paragraph Division The format of the MSS has been reproduced where possible, except that columns of text are replaced by continuous lines. Poems are set out in series of verses. Full-stops have not been inserted after every sentence, as this is not usually necessary to the sense, nor do the M S S divide sentences in any way. 4. M E M A R M A R Q A H : USE OF SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH AND TARGUM

T h a t there existed several variant texts of the Targum may be indicated by two factors: 1. Even as long ago as the first edition in the West of the Samaritan Targum 3 6 when source material was scanty, a multitude of variant readings were gathered from the available sources. 2. Marqah in his Memar does not quote verbatim from any Targum text ever published (in whole or part). It may now be possible to relate Marqah's citations in any future edition of the Targum to the texts consulted for that purpose; there are several MSS of the Targum in existence which have not until now been employed for the preparing of a critical text. 36

See n. 3 above.

Memar Marqah: use of Samaritan Pentateuch and Targum

XXXV

Rettig pointed out37 "Die Sprache Marqahs wird für die Beurteilung des samaritanischen Targums überhaupt von Wichtigkeit sein," and this may well be true, for the Targum, if any authoritative text was ever agreed upon, could hardly antedate Marqah by more than a century or perhaps two centuries. Thus comparative work in the field of Marqah and Targum studies might well prove rewarding. However, not all Marqah's Biblical quotations are from the Targum. Many references are to the Samaritan Hebrew Pentateuch, and there are many variants here too. In this connection it may be of value to compare Marqah's Hebrew quotations with those of the received text. It is perhaps a mistake to assume too readily that the text of the Samaritan Pentateuch possessed no variant readings. Marqah's citations, if reasonably accurately transmitted through the centuries, may well be from a text which antedates by centuries the well-known Abisha 1 Scroll revered by the Samaritans themselves and highly regarded by some western scholars of the past. It is interesting that Marqah quotes on occasion first the Targum to a particular verse and then, a few lines later, the Hebrew text of another part of the verse, or another verse from the same Biblical passage. It is still more interesting and intriguing to observe how Marqah will sometimes quote the first part of a verse in Hebrew, immediately followed by the Targum for the second part. He never quotes the first part in Targum and then the second part from the Hebrew. In view of these new sources for pentateuchal Hebrew and Aramaic textual comparative study, such examples have been drawn attention to in the footnotes. No special reference to ordinary quotations from the Samaritan Pentateuch, where they equate with the received text, has been thought necessary. To have referred to every quotation would have enormously increased the footnotes. In any case, most of the quotations are well-known to any student of the Samaritan Hebrew Bible. All verses quoted, whether from the Samaritan Pentateuch or the Targum, (or partly from one and partly from the other) have been listed in Appendices I—III (Part II). The Targum quotations in Marqah's great work may thus provide the oldest known source for a text (or texts ?) of the Targum, even if the quotations are merely dated to the oldest MS (14th century) herein consulted. In view of the large number of eastern forms found in the Aramaic texts of the Memar, the possibility that there may have existed a western (Palestinian) and an eastern (Syrian) Samaritan Targum text, adds doubly to the potential value of this text as a source for new light on the history and transmission of Aramaic versions of the Hebrew 87

op. tit. p. 21.

III»

XXXVI

Introduction

Bible. Only future research into what I now propose, i.e. the existence of an independent eastern text (and dialect of Samaritan Aramaic), will uncover the true nature of many Samaritan Aramaic forms, as well, it may be, as of the several variant Targum texts. 5. T H E A R A B I C T R A N S L A T I O N S All the M S S consulted, with the exception of the copy (L. 2) made for Professor Kahle in 1906, have parallel columns, both in Samaritan characters, on the left the Arabic translation of the Aramaic column on the right. These translations are completely literal renderings of the Aramaic and do not themselves constitute good Arabic compositions. There is considerable variation among them as far as choice of word is concerned, but on the whole these translations run close to the Aramaic original in meaning. There never has been an authoritative Arabic version of either D or L , but it is obvious that a later D or L scribe has been influenced by an earlier translation by one of his own family. There are passages which are difficult to translate in the Aramaic text, and it is here that the Arabic versions become extremely valuable. Some words, which are not known in the usual Aramaic sources and whose derivation escapes immediate discovery, are at least translated, although we can never be quite sure that the Samaritans themselves understood some words of the Aramaic text. After all, a thousand years had elapsed between Marqah's day and the earliest MS (K). That the Samaritans did not always know the meaning of words is evidenced by the fact that many Aramaic words are muddled and mutilated by the scribes. In general, the careful, accurate scribe gives a careful, accurate Arabic translation. It is to be noted that such scribes often translate, rather than transliterate, Aramaic and Hebrew proper names; e.g. the translations render nvrnn 1D either by a transliteration or by 5 , and there may be scope for future examination of such Arabic equivalents of place-names with a view to the identification of the localities in question according to the Samaritan tradition. Further, the Arabic versions vary considerably in their rendering of the divine names. They usually do not transliterate nTIN "ION rpHN, but render it b y such expressions as jjvi i'jjiji ^ i j j i / i ii^xv-ji jjvi i ^ i ¿¡uoi. So (D,)n1?x(n) is rendered occasionally b y and is the normal rendering of the Tetragrammaton. There are many synonyms used for a particular word and these frequently help in the determining of the meaning of the word in the Aramaic. These Arabic synonyms will be used in the editor's preparation of a Dictionary of Samaritan Aramaic.

XXXVII 6. T H E E N G L I S H T R A N S L A T I O N A s this is the first translation of the complete Memar Marqah, it is fitting to make some observations on the methods used and the problems of translation encountered. The translation presented below is based primarily on the Aramaic text. It was immediately obvious to the translator that some principle of translating would have to be decided on in view of the various difficulties peculiar to this text. There are very many words that do not occur in other Aramaic literature, words which on the whole appear to be Semitic in structure. The first help towards deducing their meaning was the Arabic versions, but since in many cases even that aid did not explain the root meaning of the words, it became necessary to look for similar forms in the Jewish Targums, in Syriac, and in other Semitic languages. In a number of cases no help was derived from these sources, and it was found that such words were Greek in origin, in an Aramaic guise. In a very few cases the original Greek form had become mutilated, no doubt in the course of manuscriptural transmission. After having translated the whole of the six books of the work, it was found that almost always the meaning deduced from one source or another was consistent throughout the whole. Many idioms presented difficulty; here the Arabic versions normally provided the explanations. Far more problematical were the many cases of syntactic difficulty. In this connection the Arabic translations invariably proved to be as obscure as the Aramaic, and in some cases even more so! There can be no doubt that the translators themselves, at least from the 14th century on (the only evidence we possess), simply did not understand the material in question. Hence I was forced on occasion to conjecture and it is to be hoped not too unsuccessfully. Despite the difficulties of vocabulary, idiom and syntax it must be stated that the transmission of the text has been remarkably consistent, no doubt for the reason stated above that Memar Marqah had not been copied very often as compared with other works of the Samaritans. A s far as the style of the translation is concerned, a certain amount of freedom has been permitted. If it had not, the English rendering would have been even more stilted, repetitious and prosaic than it is. One major snag in the rendering of the Aramaic into English has been the comparative paucity of the former's vocabulary. One case in point may be noted here: the abundant use of the root R B Y and its many derivatives presented more difficulty than any other root. In a great number of cases the exact meaning of the root could not be ascertained, and so I found it necessary to overdo the use of the English term 'magnify.' Unsatisfactory though this may be, at least it has the merit

XXXVIII

Introduction

of keeping to the Samaritan idiom and thus avoiding the pitfall of losing the meaning altogether in guesswork. It was decided early in the work of translating that the many Gnostic-type expressions would have to be freely rendered, because it is clear that the Samaritans incorporated or assimilated many such terms without at the same time taking over their full connotation. Such terms as Power, Greatness, Good, Truth, Divinity are often found as substantives with personal attributes, but evidently the author did not mean them to be regarded as Gnostic emanations. There is no place at all in Samaritan theology for such emanations from the Godhead, and it would be foolish to render such terms in that way, despite the fact that the Arabic versions more often than not reproduce the substantive form. Thus QUSTA, by far the most common of these substantives, is rendered by the Arabic al-haqq regularly, but is translated herein by 'the True One,' and not 'Truth.' As far as has been possible those sections of the work that are set out in the manuscripts as poetry have been set out in the translation in similar format, but no attempt has been made to render them into English poetry, chiefly because the repetitious style and idiomatic irregularity obviate such an attempt. The translation has been divided by the translator into sections for each book, according to content. The MSS themselves show no evidence of such sectionalization. Likewise the text has been so divided, that the reader may quickly find the text for the particular material he is studying. Each section has been given a suitable title at the heading; such titles do not exist in the MSS, and no attempt has been made to use titles for the actual text. Thus in the list of books and sections preceding the translation, the general theme of Marqah's great work is transparent. If it had not been for this dividing up of the material, the continuous theme contained in the first five books would not be evident. Words in brackets in the translation are supplied by the translator for the sake of clarity and smoothness. One chart has been provided, also by the translator, again for the purpose of clarity. The Annotations to the Translation The annotations to the text have been restricted to manuscriptural matters and others pertaining to the language and its forms, with some explanatory notes, especially on the frequent Hoph'al form. In the case of the annotations to the translations, the purpose has in the main been explanatory. It is not claimed that every matter arising in the material has been explained or otherwise expounded; only where the explanation seemed reasonably sure was it given. In a few cases possible explanations have been offered followed by an interrogation mark.

The importance of Memar Marqah: future research

XXXIX

Apart from explanations of forms and idioms and some interpretation of the meaning when it is in doubt, a fair number of comparative notes have been provided. It will be obvious to the reader that most of these have to do with the New Testament, rather than with Jewish literature belonging to orthodox and heterodox Judaism. Originally it was planned to offer many comparative notes to show possible parallelism with Judaism, but for two reasons this was not carried out: (i) there are no certain, indisputable parallels outside of the realms of normal coincidence of ideas and sources; (2) the number of the annotations would have become enormous and the cost of the production of the volume greatly increased. It is therefore left to the discretion of the reader whether some Samaritan statements of legend or belief may be compared with Jewish statements of a similar character. On the other hand, parallels to Christianity are clearly present. In view of the markedly close parallelism to Christianity in later, liturgical material, it was decided that the affinities between Samaritan belief in Moses and Christian belief in Christ should be pointed out in the form of brief comparative notes. Readers specially interested in the fascinating problem of Samaritan assimilation or deliberate incorporation of Christian tenets may find it worthwhile to study the few articles already written in this field: e.g. J. Bowman: art. on " S t . John's Gospel and the Samaritans," in Samaritan Studies, reprinted from the Bulletin of the John Rylands Library, Vol. 40, no. 2, March 1958. J. Macdonald: art. on " T h e Samaritan Doctrine of Moses," in Scottish Journal of Theology, Vol. 13, no. 2, June, i960. R. J. F. Trotter: Did the Samaritans of the Fourth Century know the Epistle to the Hebrews? Leeds University Oriental Society, Monograph Series no. 1, October, 1961. It must be pointed out that this work is not intended to answer the many problems in the field of Old Testament studies which arise out of Marqah's work. Some obvious matters have been briefly alluded to, such as the attitude of Marqah to source tradition. It is hoped that those who make use of this text and translation will find much that is helpful in their Old Testament studies. If the many points of interest for this field are taken up by readers, the translator's work will have been made worthwhile. 7. T H E I M P O R T A N C E O F M E M A R M A R Q A H : FUTURE RESEARCH The Six Books Book I deals with the Commission of Moses at the Burning Bush, Moses' dealings with Pharaoh, the Exodus and victory of the Israelites at the Red Sea.

XL

Introduction

Book II is concerned with the explanation of the miraculous deliverance of Israel and defeat of Egypt, God's manipulation of the elements to gain His ends, and an exegetical, midrashic and poetical commentary on Ex. xv. Book III has to do with the priests, elders, princes, judges, teachers and other Israelite leaders, as well as the behaviour of the people themselves; moral responsibility of various classes of people is discussed and the duties of the people of God in the Promised Land. Book IV is particularly important for the higher, spiritual teaching of the Samaritans of the Roman period, dealing with God, man and sin, God's dealings with men, men's duty toward God. There is a commentary (exegetical) on Deut. xxxii and an important section on the Day of Vengeance. Book V covers the legend of the death of Moses, his ascension, assumption and glorification. Book VI contains sections of considerable interest on Creation, wisdom, the Word of God, and the kabbalistic study of those letters of the alphabet that were omitted from the opening part of main sections of the Torah. There can be no doubt that Memar Marqah is more than just a commentary; it contains midrashic (haggadic and halakhic), philosophical, religious (doctrinal) and scientific material of firstrate importance for the knowledge of the early post-Christian ideologies of the Near East and of Palestine in particular. For the specialist in Samaritan studies a gateway to the 'Golden Age' of Samaritanism is created. A t that period the religion of the Samaritans was entirely free of the later Islamic concepts that gradually entered in, 38 and it is possible now to define Samaritanism much more exactly. When one reads such a work as The Samaritans: Their Testimony to the Religion of Israel39 one realizes how little was known even 40 years or so ago of this, the only surviving Old Testament sect with an unbroken history of occupation and tradition and a living priesthood. The misstatements of Thomson seem unforgivable rather than regrettable at first sight, but the amount of literature known then was very little. Y e t the Memar studies of K o h n (1876), Baneth (1888), Munk (1890), Heidenheim (1896), Emmrich (1897) and Rettig (1934) should not have passed unnoticed for so long. The monumental publication of Sir A. E. Cowley 40 has provided considerable scope for the investigation of post-Marqan Samaritanism. On this subject see J. Macdonald, "Islamic Doctrines in Samaritanism," in Muslim World, Vol. L, no. 4, pp. 279-290, October, i960. 38 B y J. E. H. Thomson, Edinburgh, 1919 (The Alex Robertson Lectures, University of Glasgow, 1916). 40 op. cit. 38

The importance of Memar Marqah: future research

XLI

Now that Marqah's comprehensive Memar is published, it should be possible to reach further back in time, so that scholars may venture closer than ever before into the dimly illumined period of Samaritanism in the pre-Islamic era. The Memar contains two great Midrashes, one on the Exodus (Books I—II) and one on the Death of Moses (Book V). These show no direct dependence on Jewish Midrashic sources and indeed the Death of Moses in Samaritan tradition differs greatly from the various Jewish midrashes. It may prove of inestimable value for the study and history of Palestinian traditions to examine and correlate these. Hildesheimer's remarks41 on the comparison of Samaritan traditions with Jewish are based on too tiny a portion of the midrashes, and much more comparative work on a larger scale should now be possible. That comparative studies of the Memar and various pseud-epigraphical writings would prove of advantage is beyond doubt, witness the work of this nature already done by M. Gaster when he compared the Asatir with the pseudepigraphical writings and found much in common in terms of environmental ideologies. The problem of the Samaritan integration of Christian teaching within the widespread field of Gnosticism—without any Gnostic principles being integrated at the same time—is well worthy of examination. It is possible that the traditions underlying Marqah's teaching reflect genuine Northern Israelite traditions. After all, the early Samaritan tradition cannot be paralleled closely in Jewish sources! There is a similarity of ideology in Marqah and in the E source of the Pentateuch, although too much must not be made of this parallelism alone. It would be more accurate to say that there may be a continuity of the ideological outlook of the Northern Kingdom of Israel into Roman era Samaritanism. We see in the Memar (Book I) how J and P passages are in certain instances either entirely passed over or are briefly noted, while the E material is fully employed; all this despite the evident value of the J and P material for the continuity and sequence of the narrative. It is difficult to say whether this is due to the traditional account of the Deliverance, only part of which survived in the E Document, being preserved to a degree up to the Roman period. Our knowledge of Samaritan affairs of the Roman and pre-Roman periods is too limited for us to ascertain whether there may be truth in the above suggestion. But, on the other hand, it would be uncritical of us to assert that there is no possibility of the survival of E material into the Christian era. This would be unwarranted supposition too! The Samaritans seem almost certainly to have occupied their ancestral territory around 41

op. cit., passim,

pp. 14-16.

XLII

Introduction

Shechem without a break from the days of the Northern Kingdom up till the present. Their dealings with outsiders have always been restricted by their strict interpretations of the laws of cleanness and uncleanness. They do not seem to have married into other clans and have indeed kept very much to themselves. Their oral tradition, only partially preserved in written documents, may well have survived century by century just as they did themselves. Further and fuller examination of these matters only will decide. It has never been pointed out that Marqah not only knew but welcomed scientific ideas, or at least some of those in vogue during the Hellenistic and Roman periods. We find many references of a scientific kind scattered throughout the six books, but perhaps the most striking of all is that in Book VI, which states: Some men say that the earth was formed from the energy of the mass of the sun. It is clearly of first importance to the student of the history and philosophy of science that such statements be collected and analyzed, and for the student of religion that Marqah's scientific views on creation be related to the Biblical account so sacred to the Samaritans themselves, for Marqah himself apparently did not experience any insurmountable difficulty in integrating his scientific and religious outlooks. At this point we have the unique fact of an ancient Palestinian philosopher faced with science and religion, at first sight conflicting and contradictory, and yet successfully setting out an integrated, closely-reasoned and acceptable merger of the two, and even encouraging the religious enquirer to study the findings of secular philosophy and metaphysics. Marqah's attitude in this reminds one of the format of some of the sections of his Memar; it is fairly certain in the mind of the present writer that Marqah actually taught pupils in the Bit Sifra during the Roman period, and that his manner and method of teaching are directly set out in the Memar. It is not only possible, but likely that a pupil of Marqah set out the larger format as we possess it. The interest in the affairs of the Bit Sifra (often referred to throughout), the functions and responsibilities of the teacher and the reactions of the pupil, and many related matters appear in the work. Thus we may have in this work material for the study of early educational method in Palestine. It is clear from the picture of this presented that we have something of the Greek philosopher and his pupils, the same or similar didactic, dialectic and analogous methods, in the garb of the Hebrew hakhamim or the later Islamic culamd\ For the student of Comparative Religion, and of early Christianity in particular, the Samaritan assimilation, incorporation or syncretistic borrowing of Christology is a phenomenon that will do more than raise eyebrows. It will make many of us think again and reshape our ideas on the influence of the Samaritans in the first few centuries A.D. It

The importance of Memar Marqah: future research

XLIII

would not be an irresponsible exaggeration to claim that in the long run the proper assessment of early Samaritanism will have greater importance than even the renowned scrolls from Qumran and neighbouring regions (as far as Palestinian ideologies are concerned), the content of whose non-Biblical works is after all more restricted in scope, purpose and outlook and more stylized than the Memar, composed as it was in the larger and freer world of the Samaritans. The latter lived in territory that included busy trade routes; a much greater variety of ideas and ideologies circulated in Central and North Palestine than in the less accessible South. The Samaritans never made any attempt to build a hedge around the Torah as many Jewish sects did, and they were able to develop their system of belief without the aid or stimulus of the Jews. The first real success of Jesus Christ and his disciples in Palestine was in Samaria (John iv. 35, 39). We have now to re-examine thoroughly the history of Christian missionary activity in Samaria, so that we may explain why so much of the Johannine (and other) writings of the New Testament has been acceptable to the Samaritans and incorporate into their christological and soteriological systems. It is further necessary to discover why the Epistle to the Hebrews was so acceptable and why the Samaritans found it expedient to quote large passages (in places almost verbatim). A beginning has been made to such studies, in the case of the assimilation of Johannine concepts, by Professor J. Bowman, of Hebrews by R. J. F. Trotter, as above indicated. It is hoped that scholars will realize the profound importance of these connections and comparisons. The field of New Testament studies too may benefit to some degree from the examination of the Samaritan use of the New Testament: what means the Birth of Moses 'not by human will, but by the will of God,' the Baptism of Moses 'in whom God delighted,' the Ascension of Moses and his assumption? Trotter has set out a fairly strong case for thinking that the Epistle to the Hebrews was in fact either written to the Samaritans (who prefer the title 'Hebrews' to 'Israelites'), or was composed for Samaritan Christians. Such then are some aspects of the work which seem to be of great importance to various branches of scholarly studies. A great debt of gratitude is owed to Professor Paul Kahle, who for so long has hoped that Memar Marqah might appear in text and translation in toto, and has done so much to make its appearance possible. It is hoped that many others will be attracted to this field of studies, thus vindicating Professor Kahle's oft-quoted belief in the signal importance of the Samaritans for the earliest forms of Hebrew language, writing, grammar and pronunciation, of Northern Hebrew beliefs, etc.

A P P E N D I X III ORTHOGRAPHIC VARIANTS AND THEIR STANDARDIZATION

The Text •"irtrN was?

m»

im

ST»« rox ipTU

nVnn pn

nVn HP"

Appendix II nn n'rm np'a an psi panwa/p-a® icpi nV® •m mix pn n V® pit« m® 'IN1? VT3 Van H® "DIS/"»"! m® nrnas? npis/nps? ID '318

nm m® n*?i rnwna TIV -irna ( i » )

ntn ®n otn/m

tn ®n an

cm pn in

om pn (®ta) ®n

nm

nm

^a® P'a® -u® m® m®n •nn®x •n® *i®

Va® pa® -)i® •n®

nn® n1?® n1?® ®a® ®,a®n pi® p-wn n nns®

nn® n1?®

TD®(N) np®n yp® m® •m® TH®

®a®

pi® TO® ID® np® sp® •n® •n®

The Text pHD ¡7D1X rvna ISS (tiw) t?mnx rnrsrx pins?« ns "VI

rm mp ••ap Vap "ap nnsru nsro na^sp nma/Vipos mp/bap ass/tPBi/aV/mi (Vipos) naicp rm

)P-ib p-1B(«) pnsa ns HOS« npis abosK "ISS "jns

HS p mon TDff(S) Vx/V ann pDDX HBSK ipm Ipnn •npn< lTp11 m m iH/TI® i nan Ti

-ljra Tn"

nan

aio

wnT

"in"

166

The Text XJp "an noffp 3 r» •pa-m f w o (j-UI) pr-D (»l1?«) nan ("tnriK) nmi nw srai/mip xVn

•o a^N DD! (mt) anp tap ntn -|n/a/rvo ••573 na»n«/T3» ("I ?! = -[Vn mm/ ms/D 1

vh

«7TI nVni p*

*U

TU pm nVi

du T

23T rm P3T n^m nn um BIT rrn/nm im TK/in «bn

l^nrin "?TK

•pn

DS7B nwn nDK irir/rnt p3/f!3

ns/pt pTTN mt THD »IT

Vm

P

••m

T"

pt nt

The root (or quasi-root) is given first where applicable. am Vatp I'm -nVa nps •pan T1? ma

tMPK

•np nVVaa ID (N)m run (rare) JTUK nVna mi P|B5J

a'iK mix VtX »5P8

nVx

mm t n»x imx

pv ursa/wit an 3HT «rn

P« vrvx nos id-IS a p Vna •ri» nVa pa '»a

T» -man

-ira

uba/uV

1X1 1K110 nnn® •nj

iWi 1 ?« ins

••»a

•"id

TM

A P P E N D I X II SYNONYMS EMPLOYED GENERALLY IN MSS D, L, K

Book III:

var. text: see note Si.

nsnx Vna n1? xVx -ianx «V - w a nnana ti1? m n nVna nax nira n a i n-an p^ap n a • • • m a , n , i "wx m a i n a nax nn* p s i a naai n a m ••atsa na n bv os?p xb naV notrp nani na -Vin" ] s m s pV HD 'n-i r a a i ©Va-n b u a -p?ia n i x Tat: rh na nann- is?o rnx ni? p n ti 1 ! nna-ia •'inoa di? DT-inn m x n e n a xV ns?anx PIKT pai? pxi nnnnn Vx p c xV nxnai p p S?TI ^aV m x p a manx T a s noV n nnax p'in nnVn vrn&m i n x pVo iVx man p VD11 XV nxnai NA p -paan p b MU nais? pVnaV vrasnx TI1? p m n iVoinxi Vna Vx-)®1 VnpV nntx x-M n:na inxa mp-1 x"?i j x n ma TP xVi " m n b p c nVx •'a ras? Vs? iVvi nxna: i a 'x m r i Vna na-1: p na pa

xV nx-iai *ia

n p nina s a í n -pi? p i n nVna naxi -jiña - p » n m na-a is? mtxa u à nax ninp1 xVi nmmx

ii

A P P E N D I X I.A ADDITIONAL TEXT FROM F

The Text

158

xVi -iaxi hod Dpi nr is; snnn x1? innap rroanxi nVx t o T a p n-irsn m Vx p s x i m

p*?oi narip mas p ^ i n ' ntn a m is? irrnp nx srx s?t pVxi p i w V x i 17.

Book V: var. text: see note 73.

ntpm nuts n c a p n x p i p p n pnxi w » p x p n p p - i a i pVs? T a p n»ai p s x T a Tap p n x ntrm nmnb n-aia p n x i nma rrV xai ntja •nVxi n r a 18.

Book V: add. text: see note 75.

nma nma xbi rap nap xVi irai ns?aV a i a p i ntra

]xn

•nWsa nnxi ns?ixai nwaw n®aV ana p i n»a "I* |xn •nana ma-itsi nsnxai ni'rx nipaV a i a p i nœa ]xn •ïrspp-ia mpsn ns?-ixa p a n®aV a i a p i n©a

l«n

•nnvaa usnai nsnxa mnn niraV a i a p i nira "F ]xn •maiiw s?siai nsnxa mix ntfaV a i a p i n©n "F jxn •rap x*?i mnx xV x'ai nira1? a i a p i n®a

]xn

•nnmVsa na-n nnmoaa -ip-nxi n®aV a i a p i nwa i n jxn •pa iVa mm noirp T>a p ' n x i ns?aV a i a p i nwa "F ixn •nnmaipa Vaa m a m p n vmth a i a p i nrca

ixn

•nVaa Vism noaxi »Vai n©aV a i a p i ntra

jxn

•mnan mu i t V» nVn ns?aV a i a p i nwa

ixn

•imaai v n a n a m x i ntraV a i a p i nrca -P ixn

157

Appendix I

••mm Vai nVsns on nnœx p i moan m u naa xVi nnaa h t V anpi nrr issami •nV p p i a nn naVs? (and add.) •ra mi-ip-1 xVn nnpu pVi? -ixV m m Van m s o mai n®a a1?»1? ' i i f f •mxna 14.

Book V: var. text: see note 55.

ms? nnoxi rVs? mrr Dibs? nVt: ma mna mm miV r V n a o n m a p xipnx i d ®x xsm m ,l ?a

'ns?anxi pnxV naVn n m p a-ipxi nav nm mpix mapa uV

-iax nVap Di?p mn idi a'aVnn nxi nVs?n nx natan Vs? Vaxni "m ••id'?» •mnan rm t o » 1 ? p a w n 15.

Book V: add. text: see note 63.

nax i d nVx rh -laxi pT nus? rVs? Vüx iis?i n w r r o pan moa^i -iaxi naa ma'-a is? m a s nasa mm r w a a na^n -piaa nx si w i n 16.

Book V: add. text: see note 65.

nnnax Vs? -imi m a s i m a rwa xm an maira ias?nx nVnai nmu noa nuv iwxa nnptrmn xV f a n n-wo m»s?a nmn nVVan mnan nii p na p i t n naa •din ^aa •nnnan xVi nVts ma mna mm rcxn Vs? pa -|Vm r V n a trx-in maxVa T a aspi nnmoa piraa snp mìa nwan D'an p a mn nmua M®n •pV wann xVi nnir xVi Vax xV p a t pin nV'V osanni dv o ^ a i x •nVxn m s T a a -ro moa nnn nnna "mV -in pa Vaoi v r n r a ^ V e h dp hpx Vsns?n Vx tru nœai -iaxn naa nVs-is?V a~ip n a i nsria -wa-in •DViVxn ntra imi

naa ^Vxi pa ns? nVVaa is?a» is nVpa nVx nrss? nwVa ^ a n n •Vipa i^sr nviVxm nam

n®sn nxm imi

naa •'bin nmai nas?i nnmoa pira pa nos rrs?a w n

m m is a n s a m i a ns?nx Va m ntn xai n o a i ina nxna nnx nrx amiana •pmxn o^n i ï i m s i m " i m •vVx mia ix-ri *iaxi naa vap aspab iba' xVi ras? Va nVai naVsa •'»••awn •ns?B xVi -im X1? nnraia i m v a xim x'ai n^air laa xiainx na"1 ma mn ^rarcn •dbwb apr-1 bipb nnTa m i x pm T'ai mn11 ••VVaa Va i o n laVa ••virnn

The Text

156

TV IBIXI p^a V n a nVx -iax p a pna nnaVx nais? mm losax p i o s a m o s nsTD Vx naie p pawn iaon *pr V n a n n a s 1 1 m nrmosa ' a s put m o » n m n ®a® a^ODA p i x i IDO DTTIS a-aaV pVx m a n nm l m m mVtspaV iVsjnm n®ai n n a a n n x ma unitm nV ID-IS p V nan M®px onV Vax 1 ? IAN1! a p y p a m a V i on1? ats« pa 1 ? m i s a i rpn na®V iVa 1 i s a-aitsi a^n onV pam ima p "nVx sa®i i p s s i a m o x " i s a a r n i r m a x sa®m ia®p p Vxitrr -p®x avis'? r o m nnsi ® m VaV ns n pp-isn p s mm n^s 1 p ppnoV p-'V® nV®i a m p s s •inx xVx nVx mV l a ^ i r o n mai n®aai na p v m n V u p m a i - n c xV 10.

Book IV:

add. text: see note 4.

mVa ' m o » n»®p xnp na naxV nrnpaa "iax Va 1 xVi n®a u r i mai nax p a m r n B'nVx n a l 1 ! n®a n a m i a x naxi c n V x nami nmpaV "rn naxV nax nsVx nmxaipV m p i x naxV nVaa ns'n xVi n®a -ia-m i a x p a x i naxV nVaa nsapn nm-ia npxi mVin m x -ipx nnraia sapx n n r a y -a p n n V w n®a *iaxi n®a n m ® i "tami nVa V M c a i nx Vtja xV n nx inVxx nVna VHJ oan •napsa noox n®aV nVx nax nnrna i n p i n w n ]xVx p i a imV ]x mana*? 'itxa nVVaa -"as nVnp VaV nVVaai l a n x n V i a n V ^ n x p a x nV1® D^aan n'sa® -»V p i B-'DVXI pa n®i ritrai nVx n u a i n mn mVa w o » n p n a xin -jn nxrwa |a Von I D I Vxittr» Vnp Va pa nran s n a V -|»s -»VVaaa nas sa® 1 V n a i a x pix m i a 1 ™ sa® nas Vai ITS mV» v n o s rnpa 11.

Book IV:

var. text: see note 22.

na® nxtn nVaa a i f m nrVa m n m a s n n n m n®ai mm m i a » i m a ""D V» mm n s n p i nanaa n n x ranni naiVpV m x n a s n p i n n V n nwipi niraVi nma Dp xV x , ai n®aV ' a i a p i nira "jn p x n s n naan nVVaa V a i ntrai n s i a n w naxT dVSV aip- xVi 12.

Book IV:

add. text: see note 56.

i a x mp na I B I 'a n m p a p Von I D p m a i a naan n V n n » a i n s i a D I T nwipi n n o x l a i n ^ x i a nao^aa ïam nrnpaa ^nxi s n x na nai " m n®a p a m i s Vaa nnnana nsa n s n nVa i a x i ni» onirn na l a i nnattn 13.

Book V: var. text: see note 44.

v r a Vaa n V n a i a x i a a nVx ma p^na n r V s aV® i a n i n^ai n®a panV ipei m w V n ^ s p ipBix Vap l a Vs p x i sa® l a Vs pxs nrm na V» pxa in p x j

155

Appendix I 6.

Book III:

add. text: see note 34.

panwx nVx nV t a n i d nma i s an o v n V x i a r bv o n x m m nœ»a i r a i ]xn n t m p Vnn n n m o x i n na1? p m x pitrtrxi i s x p V n a nVs xVx n a s xV w n •771 mm n a i nm 1 ?» n a s - p s i n x m ps?a f a n»x " m nnxn i s a n " i s a watm •pnnai» VDV nVoi notrpi m o n -TOI nnn p'nn mrr nVVa n a a ""AI mm w a s m 7.

Book III:

jxn

add. text: see note 37.

VVaa nix n a n n a s i n s n rVs? nVan xV -JOVX nai natppV s a i n n a o x nVa ^ m nnx Vaa a n i m p nnoai mas? p 'pnnai ••V naa nais? nas?x n a x ns?o "aV ns? p i n n a ma mxi 'aanV a m n x vinax 1 ? nai x a o i ••Vxa mm mnx Viop pp ITO Vaa 8. anais? m©va n'anna pixn - p a a n

Book III:

Vna 1 ?

var. text: see note 63.

p V s " pix pa-iai n s n x T V IVJJTI x b

xV na l y a t r nao nnnx T V BTIX inn-' na o t a niv n a s m nn* ID1?" p a m pVrn im xV na p r m laan xV na man 1 ! IDVDX x1? na 9. nirna n s '31S w

Book III:

p n n a x isa®

add. text: see note

yi.

•prr naon n r n p a "b nam x n p a a nnt» i m a Vrn " p a n mn nai

n s n x i nan imnia nVin naVv m -pa nam nVx ntn na - p -pm n-am

7 a p 'raí moia m n m a n a p a n 7 V n a s n x n nan nnpnt p x TTiD'a mnn n*?x T » n x na Vxntm noVx p i Vmn pns? nrrnan "-a nVaa xm mV® n V n a w

i m n n twx1? -nx 1*7 atrir» V n a V i yw p a n r V n a Vnia nirrino» r a n p i m p i

-janon nma? p o a xim m a x apsr 1 ? nma ns? nan nnps naitj p mio nan nirraa nai nmaima nan naVs?V x s nai nnn- n a a n na n a x m o a a pan anais? nntrsa m a x pn2r ps?a p a ^ xVi nano a n n a x p i r a n a s i nnaan VD i ^ a nanp ^Va api m i n i m a x TISI nVx nanai o'Vnx

nn sr-x a p y i rVs? n^ax V n a V j p n

ixb'x n a w a nVan xV nmannV n n a a n rnts? nViv\> m n x aV l o r m nix-'im ]aixn T'a n x a p m a w d-MT n s a n x a n s a n x n r i a

nn 1

navi

nmn maiva

p i x n m a s n n x a p mais? m i m r a msrani ms? pn'a nn-Vm nbi psatr n^a V m i n o V a iVopi n n p iann •'iVi ps?ac? r n ipxs? ^ o r a n a » na n n ^ m mnnna nx

pT11?

n w i m w ^anaa m a x a a » a xats nVn»ri xVxV m a i » nxn p

n a m naa nnrVtsV inn xVi nVx t n p paiip \>v ionx

x1?

apy

^ p pnV msn^i rbu

The Text

154

ns»p nnVa-' mn nawa rnt» p^n nV mn Vrnx a w aaa p-noi rmia *mn nVaa d'öd rnaw •»rr» nxsp «Vi rron na rr1? nnVa1' vw na"?»a Vd' Van ntzma mV na»m nais VA nrnn nm p «pVn na mn pi V u b xVi pon na npiwv mV nnna pnn nVa1 nimm pi vrxpa

iVa-a p nnaw vr nnia» aaVn laV» na

n Dann'' ]n ns nais nasm nnVa* -Vr •vv jum Vai ncVnnx p i mn nmax Vx na» mVi na-iiV pan nVia' -am- aaipnn xVi nmar Vannm -pen •"n"» Via' anp nion nV'nV hu ina V» p a na» na Vai an1 nsa naai xna n»a naa pro •nnx xVx nVx mV no-^p nnoi na-i nVnna -lam nVm nnraia Vmn n»a nai mai nenpn nainnV Vsya anpa Vvim Vvn wiex pi uV uantx pnn ^irai mm -pnx pnxi ntraV nanxn nv p nronaa Vnsn pnxi na jxVx rona pnxV mn xV nsnD mnVsn xVn pnx nVVax paipaal nmaV» V » nVx nax nn-Vn nnma nan ima a-nVxn mV wxi "nsaa V x - h p pnanx monxi pnxV nruna m moanx pn tnp •'in "jna naVaa 'V m n anxi Vx-wr» p Wia na^px max xVn nronaa Vir nVna •iV aasn n®a aam nsnn ton na man« xV mwa m s i -ja» pnxi nnx t-ip niff nxipa "mV moax aap naa a-irran annan an nsrx n®nV nmim DDa nVx nax pi nna-a nv-it Vnn xVx nai ninan waV riai pntn nax p »Tnx mm aa po1» p uripm "m Vx p n»nx xV nnnxai naV»a lao1'« -[Van nnaan p xbanV pup inva to-idtik «Vk ma p ip n a Vr mas bann nm nD na naann T a

n,1?i

nms na n11? p n a -in« Van Q-'ipn tnnn pnxi

^"»k Va Waa pin nnsa -iaxi nV npis

iov V-ia

nti »djV nann a'-ao a n e a VVaa aa i17,x ••m p p1? , m p a

na rfo m-xa n»"ix i 1 « pup paiw p^Vv •'ik,7 n•,? na®p pVxn nan pup , ann in« xin Vaxa f » xV o iaxT naa »ap"1 nm ono na rr1? iVs ma -m xVi latrx pn« Vun na nmax nansr mm Wbt Va nasaVi noaV xbx pnanx xV mnwn n » » a TPan ntm nu»a n r nwaV nwiK mp'» na nV nV» nawp mmxi ninaa ami nasn pai n a Va man m niatya man naxn naa mawa nn- nwixi m o s m o s ma -laVi a^anx rwnp n»®a n1? D'pVn pwan ninan pn«1? min1? pan ibaV naan p a nnx Vaa , ds law m w o^ia-ip movi vmvrfo •dV»"? 5.

Book III:

add. text: see note 28.

nawpi p « r a s nnx n» Va uai n»a® xV i^x rrnm mVa -»nsaw p x n»a» aaa wapi lamns Vx-isr nai T>a» nnx naa nnan xV pn ns? nV via xV nnxi "ipwr •nma xV an nnx vr p i nax -»m xVi idV^xi p ' V a

1.

Book I: add. text: see note 123.

••13 n w a Va1? "ow iVra -n^ax Va v s n»arwa pamani papioaV 'Da naiao nan1? m » p i n v n m 1 p x uV p a r nno»a npioan raatV pans p m r 1 ' Vxntr (followed b y lacuna) n'&an pai na o r no» v a n s i s nm pntri manp 2.

Book I: add. text: see note 128.

p b a " ! nnx-iD n r V» p m m np-na V» i a n i nanx p iao-1 nVnp Va nn- p o a r pa nnan m m naa »en m n nnVa" mna V» t d b i mi

p n n ^ V a m o a rr •na» Va nn1» pna»"1 nnran

3.

Book II: add. text: see note 6.

n m » a pins xV nn®» d w o m a nniDa i n n n&a nan rrai d i v b n» at:1? T a n x D^n p a m anp m n»a n m i a i®n na •"Din'' x*?i n w x a d i t i s r b n a nnxn V n a nnpnpa •'»••ann HTnV Vapi nnn^D na» pan r n x a ^ » n nnx-oa prcaa n n T a x a na» m m nVraaa •pin1' n» nitfVa • v a n n D-'nVxn p n n nVon»1? a n p n •na» Va nVaa naVsa ••yawn nnirVj man nnx-'oa 'nan ' d s •,n') n» i-r»a w n ••»•win m a VVaa ns nnta ' n n V i a nV?aaa T»®n ranp n»pa Vaxrv xVi na» W a a m a na »aar n» n»ia®aa •n'ron njBb-n ntswp ^ a p c n» na*?a •na i n a r m nnnxV n-ai nx Dip 4. Book III:

var. & add. text: see note 1.

•vV» mn"1 pxn npna n»"» m V n D'lnam mra n a m i d d "nVx Dira •na1?» u'? *mni n» p n n D"n nVan nan nnxix p p x jxn »aoi aoixi

nr1?

"Ban nrnna Kin am o^n nxVa ban nnsix p x in an •nnn VaV •a1?»,7 p'ls in'1? vino xim nniat ix-jp -»Va xVn jx-jp

•rnnxn nan n-ai ]n o w on« ••ja "?a paVa nira nann nVn narnr nan lan nx n-n» W a on« rra b a a mx nwaV xb V-'Va ®aVi nV 'Vi nmx ntm naaai naina na» ^»Va nw>n •?»! nTKD -nsanx p n'nx n»x n^K rV» a-ria n n a n ^ a nn

nns mn' irnVN mn' pan o'Va n»anx m » i p 1 ? -n® m rV» 'ma mn,17 •nbvb nma «V n-'nVxn s r s a'na n-sna

nnc

nam1?

nn« n

nVni1?

men p t Vaa nrnui piVai p i » x pa 1 ? n a w

nmsap ninno n'xma Va V» nnns nnxi nVa V» -jVa p i n Vk na» rr1? nmaVaa

APPENDIX I ADDITIONAL & VARIANT TEXTS FROM K

B O O K VI

The Text

v. §.4

128

nai nnai1? prrs? maxba "?ai rpxi pa m nun1? toi na1? p"?o twü nai mai naa nnVx *ra pn Tapibx-isr Vnp bo rvoxa p naisn na» nni nna » n Vx naax .67-Qpi qv pn nar inai px nar t» map rv iai aan xVi mia nrv iapi naxi •dVs?1? pixita na1?» m Va n s pi a-ias d t i b u"? axmxi m^x «in nai •«Kai -naa spxpm m a i a uV sy^pm ansa »ix u1? 23x1m m'rx xin nan m a l » ir? pyaixi pia uV pnsn ansaa pos? imaa nur ansrci nxa p ntrai xV naian pn» x*?i rrs? rwaa xV ax'xai V?xai raia mia nn bvm an ppaa •'Ssi nmmx ans Tri» mn vr rrs nsaa xb na1?» -xdt nnnax ma rrs n»aa p y pa btk nsVirxi naVx-«» inaV mn n naitn pns? xVi naVs nsm nyaix nmmx -Va -idd uns mn n nitrV Vd^dx x*?i nma ar i s na*7X bs «"--nn mm •Vx-ieh bzb nmpa »]Vai •dVv ? IV naVv p nVaa nmaa n-Vi ar pnVn "?x-nrr> na nmaai •Vxnttr Vnp "r»a n n m nai mm nai mai TaVn pn ma sm-m m m an-7» ipnox p a rbs n x m n®a -jao -o naan nn xVa pn ma »nmi .to-Q^JJ»? "75; 1

•aV»V is? nnai p vasr isix mV m a s i ma nwa •nmaai vna npwx nVx T-a anasn ma na-tp "lax! -jn mn' -ia-a bv Vxnsr bdb hd^xi mn1» la'a V» nmmx ana p mraa bxiara x-ai Tis ap xVi nm Vapi nmmx mn ap» V» anai amDa •Vxittr bs w b n&a ia»n na ^n pwo l a s •napya nwa a n nsm bv nbx av n©a pV ms min rnsa ""aiai apsn pnsi amax nrnaT '•tnx naV» ^xat aV»1? iv 30b t d i x •"nVöaan •m»n npbna -jibi m s na npns idv a1?»1? i » nab maix a-'nVxn srx aia» p ntra maxi npns xai naa naiai dV»1? i s aaV maix nwa-73 nnx^n nnx-'oa p-nai n'mV nn Vapai mix pp eto1? nmnVx p'nai •"-n^ai •onrai namxi nsVxi pnx nwip p&a w m abxb tv 30b -vaix •mpr n-'satm aVai usnn-1 obxb i » aaV Taix ia© Tnai nVis?1? n'nVx -jna •7 NN© m x m a V a NNBAN p n n a i •'XOT1? x V i X ' a i V x V p o x a m i m 1 ? •n©a n a n m a i 1 ? p x 1

• n m a nV a n p ' x V | x p n a ? w a s t o m o a p a » n s n n

nnxmai

• n m a nV a n p 1 x 1 ? p n a V?x© p i V n m n n n m n s o • n m a nV a n p

1

xV n n a b x © a m n mtsn n m

• n m a nV a n p

1

nn"

'man

bv n t r a V n n a ®

x V ] x nVxtm n b o n n V o n n n a x *ixVx
d nns? inn 1 umVx mn nmx mnx mm vxn mn 1 'ix mio1? nps? narci na ms?na "nVim •naiTs?i nmss? xim n a s n nan vnx r w xV nnp'x wVa nnsnVm nnna» p n a ra -pa r a n nVanox p a nnnx i^a na nn1?« mn o-on -pro ^ov n»a fan p m n n isVa pn.n ra rroa ni3 xVi nsVa «pra n1*? m a n nn 1 ! maa pnVx"? n n m p x p xVi p x p 3n rrb nao nms -jVa *pm nnva: -fin nVinxi nVxn n r a »tznpm mal xin srrp nmn na» n,l?i mab» -pba na-upV •73 V» ipnoK x,33 d1?»1? mp' xbn ovp x1? nira - p nma t » pn-p1 p u m x *?» o n n nwas p n "f? pmxi nV T a x i -jn n^xVaa p m x n» noaxi m x n nra rna n1? naxn ncaa jxn nVsnsV twn htod p n maw »npn ntras ]xn nnoi mix nai? p TON p u s i nnüs' 1 p npa nra n y na nmsjst p nab p mp-iErn ua ntstrp miv nVa® m n x'n m na o m p VaV naroa nVaa? nmat V w a inn nms?o Va© naea pxn n^aV varci pVnnn xV pa^ap nix na wx pis?t p m nu1? i*?i p,l?s7 nc •p ann nnp^x u1? p x n nan abvb ru» nsoi x*?i no®pi n^-ax baa na1?»! m a •»rr' nan nar p x a mno na-1?» vn-1 nn^nrn nn*?a • nVis? masn pöx Vs?a T U C I n-aVx VaVi nnffxVi nmtVi nwa©1?! nnaia 1 ? inion pn"wn pa'nVx pbx nütpp pV na1" pVsj pn* p a v pVx Va pn« nai ms?o Vsrm na pa nnnaxV nnoa m m nax nix pa-V» nrn panso 1 paip* pnna pa^naa iao pnav nar pTa na pav^x nsnxi n'aw -piVa nxVv nbrn1? n x n ^ n nax pnxtua -nosai Vx xVa "iixip pxn pn1 npix n w x nx ipins?x n m a n a pamx w a i inas? niDiVi pniiTt ranp lani nrxizraa p-'Dx iVn lWn ,»npVi IXBD •'IDVBI 'x jxiat: p'Tix qn T I B I -san1? nai I*?TX ^ n a nno Tirni n o nuvp p i U M R1? pn1 nmtx wx xVi pnpst naV» u1? pnp» or3 pn" ^»x "x n s s s p a »arx nrxax pV n3 , ax I V B I pnßpox wanx prDVx m s pmpix iVao pnaan was? ipVnox p a -am p1? -rsa naa p^s? nnax p nas p a m x naa p,l?y onx |n nas od1? Vias? bsb u a p a nenn ^isxi nai pnai» Sinais na laonnx p a Txau naa pnna pxn piD'r: xV nx ^ -ix pV xVx pxna penxV n ^ a pVx n,17 n"?as •"Doi xVi -m naw xVi noüp bs? absi xV naVn pa no®p nsias? pao ^a px p»a® m m nrinn ]xa mpaw xV irr oanm ^-nrtrm x V ^ nVx pVxm nVx nnx p n'a: ivVx p^atraa p:ax , nn n m a xbi iann nnoa1? n w naVsn nansn naV»a p^ap nnxisa 'a i"iaa p n x n ^ x n^n u n a p a p a n n n x n1? ^a c s a n»a nan nana nasaV -pVi ^aoa naxn i n pnxa nmmxi nDü?p ^Vxir na nnn f? reb n b na^ji n-'on nan nVnna n*?nx nnp p n n lwxa paV naw nnxa nan'i nnxa •nnx x*7x nVx n:a pmsoa pn' noa opi nra Vxnar1? ns?a nan n-ai s?mx i n nn'TD» nnVa paVnn nnxmj m a n nnxats m a s i nniar •'MioaV xVx nmssi nmoa n,l?i n'a ano n'ao pn"11? nVx nn' m a n m n x i ^ a n nann oVira -n« noipp V'awa 95

L. i om.

Book IV

109

IV. §.12

VaV m i n a o r n ' V n VaV n » m o r n - ' x n a Va •'Va» p m a n x a Va V» n V i w o r m a a o r n n o r nnpV nin ©dj Va na o r m a i » Va V» njawn o r

max

n w o r nn»-ix t o » n p i s a o r n n n a » o r n n V m o r ntot&p o r ntfua o r m r w s xVi x m -ux 'ik n o n n a V s n m a nn ^Vr o r n , »iatr VaV n n n n o r n-tra VaV i n pVna p o n s n , i nna-i nna^x p n»-ix iVonn ' » a n -jn r a n a 1 ? p » r

pin

ridata V s » iVonn na «]Vnna nnVoi n m n n»-ix r a n p n n x o » s paip^i n r » r p » •nxVv n n » a Vx nnn n n nVsr a p w t d n n m a pò 1 nai nnrcxi n n s j n a » i •»»•• n»-ix m u n ì n a x n n a a p - i s » n n p c

n^ai

• p n n p a np-ioa ^n pVxi pVx p i a n r 71*75? p nnVa xV inVatr n a x n - p p i n n a pn-'oam n V a p n a p n n rrnD n n x i p^V» poo-i n-ann •'VVbi p a p m o n n m -"axVai p*ap naV» ••xan mn d i x i p a - w n » V x m a i p V n a •nn rana p n x i p a iV:na ntra n a n n'ari pV - n a n p i p'V» n ® m n 1 p s - n pV p a i a n-jpt n ^ a c n aVai a u n m pV oVpa o n r s i n-itn n n x - r n n o n nmat "unoa n n o n x a i p » pVx i n a ntsa V x - w p m » z p m •n-V» laV» xVi nVx xV n a a i a - i n a nnrcxi n o n m o n n o » p nsra p n n pon n a VaipVn n ^ a i -|aVi ppi n a r i x s r a p a ' o x na 1 ? pV nan"1 p s ^ t p ' o x i p m p a p n x ' o a n i V a p n a p n x a p n a i a i nnsro Vai m p i ' x p V a y i ••x-isai d i o tosi V a a toxi nViaa , imxi n w » i w-p-'V» p n m n n s » i s i n a p s i p a p a a n o a nnn ••axVav-M p^Vs p n » i a p n i o n a c a nna-i nnrcxi pV p t n a r i a i p n x i pia •'anta nwa nan n-an p T » a "•anni m a ^ n -i-oex n a x noirpi p-V» n^o n a V s i pa"ai pixi p ,l 7i? on-' xV n*?xi • n a i n n o r a na-'n nxaips? pVx nwa V a x n onV r ò l a m n - m i a m pix V n a p , l 7 s a nVa x 1 ? p n x ' o a n Vai p-m n ' a o n s s a xV p:xT -nx p x V a p ' s a i ® m p p ' s x u s xV p : x i p s s i a p ' o x i i x ' o a m n s ? s n p i a iann ^ pat p n x w s n b s b a m a n xV "a n x p x V a p ' a a V i n n p n s p m a iaVn p a x i npra xV p-'Vi-ii i n V x nin' n 1 o m m n a x T n a a n r n a i naVai • n n x a b c n o r a ^ j n 1 m n Va pann mn'' -ina i b x t i n mn^ p V a p a p'Dxi n n V a i x v p - 1 iVan pixT p n p a pnx^oam a i p i n a x V t nnn pip p-'aaVi n n p n s p n i s s a i p s ^ p p"Dai V i i

n^ai

Va p nino p i x i

ixVa xV ' a n c V i p n x w s n VvVa ^ a n'Vs? iVirai aaV a i o a i nnat^a mn"1 n 1 n a r ]xinai n n x i s a a i p a i x xV p^a tran pnai p n n a ut "a pi^ai? p - ' s i m mn- -ina VaV *Tns?a opi o r m a i » n x i p ì V m xVi n V ' a i a ìaVn p-o m p i p i » i n V n p n a a n a v i nV'i n c V o p n nV n'V m a t r t r xVi n a V » a ain l a y p n n a i » pVx "

93

L. 1 twice.

94

D. 2, L. 2 npaai.

IV. §§.11,12

The Text

108

px « p m nxjp nVna nnVa n x i 3-in nsaa vnxa ®,X ibtpsi naa-i IOT DWI paVa 1 ' pV jxanan ] x m n*n pio ]xina n x i a a ^ x ^sV naipn aab mnn xbi p r s x IB11 pn"? NMM pa Vxn®1 l a p m a p i a i s nb TTT ®IX1? •'aiö nx "u ipsntx xV p:xn bnn V» pVxn®a max Va m1? rV» o n x n ua m a bv n a n ^ i na1»;? nVx bp i»a® xVi »an xVi tznp xVi pma xVi nbm xbi man xVi ®np ^NT an11! naVs , a " n no»p -"Vn nann aV®a TI" nnVa-' Vaa ntrra nasn nati •um naa na» na npwa nmas? i s -pVx p matj n a x a-iaa a n s Hb an nmsra-i nnVa n a s xV n-non i r m m a n a n s xV an na*n i n n®a n a i mal nsnaa ia» n a « xVi naina iVan pna ®®i nn®xa ipina pnVx n1 ia» l a nVi» n1 ipix TS? pVop xVi Dswa xVi ppn xbi mxa «Vi nmn nV n,17 a-iaa a n s x*7 DH TUO pia Tn®x nbTONHK naw xVi ••Vsa «Vi p-oa -iura xVi ]pn x1?! x i a xVi s?an®a bp -iax p i nasa p-no xVx nwaVa xVi na»ü xVi na®i xVi na» xVi »a®a 1 1 7\br\pb pixi p n i a » n x i moa® Va V» "n ? ea® D I T a-im a n n x a^nVx ? nar •nV»1? aip-» xVi nma Dp x1? x'ai n®aV --aia p i n»a -|n ]xn pw p n x p a n®a na»ma n a u VBX i x a - p m -ja -pn erxn nVn üian n»V n r w s n nnVa inai n"?n *p Dia-' naraa -¡bna p nVn nno: x1? -ia?x niirm -ja ns-in nw'a i p o i nV^a» Vaa nVxao xVi nj-'a1- p o n xV n m p o Va mas?a nsraa naVna nbxao o n s a s-ixi nra-- p j a s-ix nVxaoi nra 1 'nai paVn parv1 panVx mn"» Tnsrv ixcra ]xaipa n1? p nVn w naxVi naxV ma p srsaaa nos?p V^aim nVxa iiax p»ix na*n n©a na-i n-ai i^jit' n i n t x nVn *pa ]x:na VapV •nnvai p i a lütppnxi aa® -|3n na® rix rraxi nTa®xi 'laa ^-in DTX DV a n p 'a n r w n nnVa §-12 §.12 nx ntswpa n a r nn®-a na» p -lai --nbx n n x niDi lasn- 1 m n a nai y m a x a s am -i-ax n ^ i a i nats nn'® nx n n nva •wir n®p -»itj nx n ^ a -ir® ®"a -ir® n ' a i a nVx - a v n VaV n T i n uoV® nx n a i ia-i nx -j-'m-caia ix®i -pVn1? lan DVV nx nViia abvb T i n maa m a m nano - n'xar "stü pVVaa pVa Ü-IDI n ® I »Dia m m n®a na-t n"3J na m m na1?» mVsx nVna n o nmat nbv TTO :nxT i a x i nas nnoi n w n a a m xin T p ' maVs? Va bv m p ]a iaV m m » ®m nVa x'm ]xna nai ]xtuns na nVa nn^'a® nn1?» -amn1? pobx'? aD Tiaai -iaxn naa nmaa mn1 ]xao m p p i ix'ua w p®^ amn l i m pV •'X1' •'xioV pvn-i V» pn,l?n V» bv p a x a'n m a i i m p s ntJibi VaV nmn-'a» DT» n'at? VAB nV® A N n^-'n Vaa opj nv 'aia Vaa pxai D®II I » • r n,®,a17i maü1? mn n r n ^ a » Va bv ma®n a r mw-a b i b nmamx av n®na

107

Book IV

IV. §.ii

naVs? napi pTia is -pVs? mm '•Vm as? sVa n"?aa p i s s *ps amsps ^si 1 T Ö OMNBII notrp ias?aV lairn sV DX ^xaas? Vaa mrr -p-tn myiaV nVana , NDWP I D las? naa navi nVi nnsnna am aa-ais JOV nnsnn nrua noon ]si natsV ]K ins» mm nVs nVstzr id nniass nn n s i na matpnV ax-rm •ntrra1? p a nn*' s i a p nan1' nb nna ts? -u B O ^ D S Vai •'•an n a s i nrmn nn1?» pa -Vpn- nan Vox p os?aa iais? VapV ms?a -nn ns piaa naa 'a1? nniiDDa ptaai vina mm "Von pp mats? DDV vms pbs p I N S VD mna:i ©IDI pp n m a n nVs?1? ns?n VDI Kin nbap paVi asiVns mas mis? ntn ID ©ID ns?isa •uns nwa nat nau Van tws1? ^IS ias?i naa p w i tznVi nnnai win laans •nma p pntsi mnV pnpi nVs p Vmi mais? 'is nVai vnsa trs IVEDI sra avi ••is ins "]n nmmVn nnVa 1 1 •psn naVaa VD ? nvn ? mm nsra nann O-TJO nmasi n a m naim PIS 1 ? naim tws1? n^i -pWaa -pim -piais? - p a i aai -]1? jsnts sV n^na nmasi pran p a i nmps s*?i mais? nsi p ••sans nmn1? pK?a nann nWaai nVup mm D»I p»ip p s i rVaV ^BM sVi naiü an Vs? pt BAA nn' natri ma pnrs p^sa pbios Tii mm p»n ]ai pao -ua ps ]D n- s?ia p^sa psatsn is p^s? npna nra p'Vs? -"is1? p n 1 via p'sa n®ip VVm mm ma p i snp |a ••m s i s 1 na Vs? psoas Vs? nnssp Vvu p^s? -"is ? pa ias?i na bv maoa nosi nnainn nas i s pssn nas ns? mm ID nnas -ami nsna a v n mais? era p pias?i n"?iaa p s i nmua p s i nnna p s i n^aaa p s i naVa p s pbm sbi pas psi -"ua pVs sra na js^o nnsi1?'' f i n s mpm pa^n marr |S-J© nnsVans n-iaa ]nsi VDI ins "?s ntia VDI sn Vs aio VDI bbp Vs np-s VD HDDH mas?ns )s nnsaips? nma misi n^n ™ nnu ua ias?nsi mais? v n isoa Tia1? nai Vdi arb naiM nm na-is •'»01 ^D mn i s pp aV 'trpris na^sa nnais nam na"?a nasm m i s mpisi nans Vd ••as pn1 mai VaaTOSnv mn napi |SB?"a ptinaa ns?n Vai nnsVa IS mpV m a n maiVtr IA nam pVas npnai ansa naim BID TOS nnm ^abi nns nVia nais? ]a nm nVtspi aaVaV niunsi narV nritsi n»is •na aipra s*7i pmm ma p s *?a pD'a nVüp pVsbi np30 pVs1? nns? nai s^i n©p sVi am sVi s^oi sVi i^a sVi b^n s1? pis ps ^Vs i n s i n 1 T1« pVVm nü©p pVüai nmat VJ? paVs? p^s? IDD" ]nD sVi f r i a p sVi pa sVi mp"s VD its? its? m a i Vs i n s Va ITS?I p s VD -[onns iVs niDwa p'ODi mwip i n psi iVan nVa pa -"Dom nin nas'pi pV aaipnn ]ia ns?ia® nao nm pDom • ^ s i n s »IIT T S I

IV.

The Text

§§.IO,II

106

p n ivh Vai -|un na bv inbs mm nx nsnai ns?atm rVsxi »aari apsr Vss'» • f ? UTWSJX u m "b 1

1

mn ' Vipa vnw dx mm n©sn -)®x Vd3 ttiVn mn ' -¡mm nnas?a per m n unix p1?» nnVm ns-n -nm -pbs xnpi mn1' n® -o pnxn -a» "73 mm -pnVx •pa» nanni 1 «irann raam nVxV nx-na pr^a nabs VdV TiVnn -a» pix las? d-ü irrin n w •'s xin -jn s t p nno xVi m"' xV ims?a tibvb -n xim n i n Vd üv piaa 3-1 nV n-V maa nsna mnVx nVx xin na -oa -x xin jxn ddit1 -x «in na ua-xa msnai lan bv xb bbom xna m s Vx nas? r\*b manp vusi manan Vd •ins xVx nVx irV B»pa nam Ton idt3 r\b -rasntwi 1 ax ptnai mVa Tnos? uV nm ehxi nVVaa 7ina «in i n nira nan mal ia» bvb los? pm maitz? -32133 -|»-it -mi bx-nf na nooa1? ma , a3 mopi nV?iai Hb naVs -ax Vs nbvb poins1? ps-ns pn'1? maw -asiss na« idi sn1? nos? pnrn asrVa1? -ds Vx-1®1 nx -jT3 x-n msam mwm mriDioa pnaia p a msa «Vi mir -fV» •73" xb no»p3 - p u o®p3 -pnx not?p bv mn Hb i d las -1 n»a nai man is? nnxisa ntn ntwp bv -pup -itsp nwa manna - p u na->px ]x xVx a a i ••pxn mVai va-a -o jfrs w p pimD mainn p'rxn Vm nsnx rc pnom nami m m nax nni3i nbn n , nr , xnn cra-n p 3py ia» mn1' pbn nnrjn nnVai 7«npDi |KTm3 mn nsmxi nnsna ®npi nu^i nmainxi nn3© ©np n ^ i p s nnnai ma -oon x1?! "pa n3 "¡V-m na -iü -jia i n ,ti nxs npntrs xV nVxn m x n-si •nisV-nx n»a -[dVxt ••V rnn nnxi i a x i -|n mn ' ms orn pV Vx-iar inVn: Vsn nrrVn nnVa ^dv -ip3 nan -JT3 r»ip "?3i wnp -ui pnaV ptpaap nous -inoa rnns nsVaa nnn3s jjix Vx -ua n nasn ns-sx nT r^ no nwnp ^iVs ^Vn m3X?wa min •pn n©a n1 ntra1? -inai mnx3 p i i m n p osim 1 11 ino lös? nv Wa-' nsia pnx n3 n^T ns ? 3ü ihsVs nin n ?! p m nVx nx 1

•ram •ram npr "?H3 nnityi nwaV pst nnVaa p i s s paV» n n nia na n^i p m nVx nx ntraV nVp n1 vnm pm Vx nas n^i bbsvn xnan nia na n-Vi p m nVx nx •Vx-iet n3 -»nr n"n nb an-i

mos? pas? bbw Vsvi nnbn mpix -Va p nan -jn n©a nan msaV -asa §-u §-n 1 , n3 Dp] av p^wna panj pp ? i noep Dinn p pDO-- xV i v n^-nV pnnsa pixn •nVx na-a p p'pmi psa© nn p-ap Wai n® 81

L. 1 ' s i m ; L. 2 n m i .

Book IV

io5

IV. §.io

m n x ••as Va -pa iVm ma nVm jx nnxana i1? n-'px vVa naps )» - ^ p sasr> msV xnpxi nnoo nns snV snV - p s n 'm ranp p n x V?s Vs1? vin nnxixa "rn nx n n n laVa nx nan nana nx -ire pan nx an np'x nx naio nxix "f? nnEr nine nx nna wV n a nx -pns nxix nx ' m a pr nx Vdd np'x nx nan noVa? nVn mna ^nnxsn na nmaVtr nTop na nnxana nWa nVx "awa na nirrp np^a n a i na® psrnp rViax n a m n a i nanV n©np -wa® maxVa n ^ w HTOD 3ps- na:n pnx-1 m m onnax nnaa m m o 1 m x nans n®a nan m3i nnnawn nab p a px®nx nwa nan msi p -am n1? •ua-xa no: nV naVa f p r nsap na-oi vanp nsxn paV nasnra nVioaa n n p|xi nsiVna n m s i s a w x1? ma •nnx xVx nVx n,l7 r m a xVi np xV n n n nVx nabxi na pVxn D'nVxn srx ns?a n w n a m3i •a-nv Vxiwa n i n op xVi nVna nax m m nnx^iai nnx^oaa p'nxn n'ai DVS1? mp-1 "?s p^px -mm •'xnx nbpa sarci nma p ]n- nmxi n^n pVx maVn" Va1' p nma Va© p ipmxi nmxs Vapa p* i n ma pntxi nip® p a m vbv px'pi no©p p pjxoa baV 'oxa p o a rVa pa nmaaip "o pnon pV n " m rVaV vara n n a x nasn x1? "xnxa nasm p "is p r nxn ^xan mm 'ix "o t?xa iianp1' xb ma Vap m o n nmioa nasn p-nbxV mon xbi p x pa^n ra 0 x 7 pV nnn xVi p n a i s a •DVIS1? ia® -pna na'ra ms pxi D-'nVxn xw mm pnna •ma 30 p i a max p s a w tub p maa na nna npst *7xn "jV nVx -ia® pV nnx txa aiüi np^x Vaa piaxn i n o 1 ns? v n p s -iö -|3sna mp-'Xi -¡b •'bi -¡-in aio nVxV -anai ps? na na n a x i •jnr n ^ i nrnm nxa -p ao-1 p na®n xVi Vosn ^maa ^ntpri xV -jnna x i m •rwiVa VaV a n p n x n n p m -jnVx nam xin nrxisa sat2?n 7x1 nnVm ixVx i a » a Vx» i^nVx n w na Vxnin nnsi 88

D. 3, L. 1 nnpom.

Book IV

103

IV. §.9

r a m x » na öVeP mV na®a «im "pn p T i n a pro anaam up mir niria ias? Vnnn xVi *pa bv pnnnx nV nnax nmat nzrVn p pn» apsr xnx na ,BS pV öVd» i n s nmnn pnw na maxVa ©Hp nnxa naana n*?a» iasn naana •>b vrasn nmiu xVn naana nm bn npan xVi latrxa n m oVira bw pnsr nr 1 ? n a t a -ntpxi •np'xa pinpnm pa-wnna nai pa^Vs? orna paiaa n e w p f f a "?aV TSM nm rwa naV Tis mVi p m nVx xn p-ra -in 1 aan Va1 xVi bmtzr •bxntr Vnp VaV -nm mvi Vapi nna bp an© p n a roai n®ai rann na» pa^aan -nxa ^ p ynb ubi Vrn oiaVa n n x a a pmn na ^nm rVru Vsn ana m a n a ubi na 1 uVi n n a a -ab pan p w o paV'na nVn p n a paipno TiiVa" nar an© p nu»a pa'Vs? pxi pannaxV n a n nnaia© men 1 ? nini paiV nninm mal iVimi pxi -nm jxtn naba ins n w mi a bx naia ^psm -jn nnnx p nV-'Vai n a x n ntr©p nnvan n©a nan T ? pam mnjxi mntw n o » bv pan"?aoi nVx naxn - p mnp-n rsia ©nD1 r a l a n s a -nn -pm Vosn xVi nnp'x p x snn ]x "pV» -nx1? Vxntrr nan lanna -prasi mrnnxi ^nVac u m *p Vsi ^nmx maaa ©a-a na-ai ^naoi -pan nnm I1? n*?x mann 'DS -[nana1? nas naon ian»a DvVa xnx nai -paan nVtspi V?a -nn ]x -piüi -psi Vaai -pa1? "?aa -jnVx mm m onnm -pnx na -jn nm n a x i na©1? nj©i nao nnsn n©a nan mai iVsm nmann nnna nai nVapV os?p b^ -¡ba ]TX na» paVna maxVa txa pnxn -raa bv inaun1» nnxV xVi pVma Va m itrai pm iVüp paba ntran pari n ^ x Va pna bv laantx pnx pax p pVapV ~\bn ]n"x nnn'a vaab ia"?n ^xi panpV mp1 naipn p a 1 s'nxian paVa pjxn naan nnVa nxn pas? mp1 Va1 ]a pay pnai pnx p j a »nx1? •jbam imV ats« nso mas? nVx1? 'nn"1 nai i»na Vx ms? Vxns?'' miar n n a naV» aan mVi maxVn nma xVa 'mn nna xin ao "p mp- pV nanxm ^nnax laVa na •irn ^ Va iVnnn •u-'nVx mn11 ^ p n na®] nna m-Va' nnnaxV "]nnaxV sanüxn nanxV -jnbx mn11 -¡aVs?-" na 'mi nn® nsun inV'-ax1' rnairn naa -pna ©Vn11 x1? s?atrm aw Vaai np'x Vaa pVa pnnx apybi pns,V nana bz> na u n-rnnn nao nmtsa ©awn nmi Vnnn ^nVx mn1 ]a -paV •'üjnm 17:1 n 3 , r r i xV nan iaVa nx pVn Va aom n^j *p° ni 3 n P*1"7 , ü n n •T:)', •n^jm n ^ nnn n» nn-'ps? rann nVsV n» p a an "iVa ]a naxnwa nxm® p -ja» na» nma na p'an pnaw nspn u i s a n©ai sVoa wan mp,r-' nm pVüpm xm na ox maax Vv pmm nnxnVuV npsa -pan mn na ma naoi Vx nnanaa ppnm pnVia pT w na nnx'n i n nnxioa nn nrmnm x ^ rna DXI ,

í

8e

D. 3 add. n»p.

87

|»SUf.

IV. §.9

The Text

I02

ttu1? pianta 'jaVai n®m -o mnnsn «Vi r n s o u p x prex pma navi pa anpnm p nax ni naiü nxix w » nnVn -avi oVan nuV na»i naits nns> nnsx •pna pnnan nnxwöi na uxntx na nmar •nV» «n pia p n&Di jxn nmat nsix nno m n -jum p*?x -»a» maVp nVna n»nt mn p a mn1' dbq n a i nnna&n nxix nno sruxi •uxnra naa jxnixi pV "'anm n a » nai nrnn^n •iTxaa na»i natsp VapV ia»pi pnai» ma n a » pnna nnVm »nt na dp p n a tspVi »nti »nt mix nann nnnxai mVn nonno ana annax •an nV -pirox x1? pnp ma pari n»ni nn1 pnxi T a x p a i nbn» aon nnB'Vn ap ma «^nxi max nna Vw na "Vnsn pns1' •nna pnrV nVn Va rr onnax ami gpx mm nanaa Vnw nmx d»i nVx a» nnnirxi ma od «Vi pVa® noj a p v •unrx pnn -a» ab» naV»i roina x1? pnam np^x Vaa »lWan nrrnVn pVx an nauV matxi n*?na aon max nnx na» *pv nnx na» nnxi nnx na» nnx nnna nix ami pxai |nxa nna nVxi nnnan nna p o a na» n©a nan man -ai n1? mm •pxi px"? 1 1 nt»Vxi »ab pnx ma wo x ? nü»p p ? nna n mcnpa "iVVan pimn nnVm •pa Vipoa aon n^xb» xjp onro nnai nno^n Dp nnp© p innmi pnxa ia"?n pV n a m naa ixnp xVi nn®»©na lap pmn pnm mann m n ' prv -ana pna ]a V» ma wob xVi no©p V» n^nxn a*?ai »anm p w n a -»ni n» mips nw w m pnn nVx in rann na V» pntr pr Va vanm •oan mx na»tz?a xVx avia xVi '»ü w1? nnna in"1 p p^na x^ai nwnai nanan ynxa mirax' Vxnt^1? nwa nan n^ai na nmsn nnxnmö Tino» pVx •pV» 'Jon p aan vbv bo- n1"? nVxa pan xim Vtx p w nr^a nu n*7 •'n1 nnn nnn V» nanx na nnx1? na» p i -[-"anp1? p a T pVna ao rvm ]x nxna ^ n pp1? nanx nai nV pnx n*?a nna p n mn xV na n1? p»r na nna1? nn-11? nmxi nnai» bapV p x m T •'xsa Va mm naxi nxna rvn p Vnn n»nxa ••nn ••Vai -ao pwn n^na nanx nnaV »a® Vxnw mn na nrna "?ar wa na» p mn nnra nn11 x:nn nan mai iVinn nmax nansr nan nVa nnx mn ^ a naVi ntsa bxnsr ixnn pa-r» mwn n-xap» n»i m»n n-irxna na -pn1?« mn1' t » ir» p x a m n s n mn1' na»n Va n1 |xnn nax na »snn11? na» p i na»n nan mn"1 nai» Va n1» 1 *?a ••V» pana»i pm fx © pnnan p Vai rnuo n-1 pa® m»s V»aV p i n'aVa ""nn1? naV m» n ^ i pnn nVx xn nnna xVi paanm nr» V» nrci ns 1 ma pans^i nm •anx »nra nma aip1' x*?i o»p xV p-ns x^ai nx ma

Book IV

101

I V . §§.8,9

"inmpriK r r o a n a i raa: pV n a x n n a n a u b ' m x a p

pns?i n a x n r i n

• n a r p a i V n a s ? H mn any

mn-" n s ? a n a n

raas

-1

rapna

m s s rr imi

1

p ? n a x ""xnisa as? r r m m p i n a x n n ^ n

rapna

• j w n n n a n x i as"? í w k n s ? a i p i s r r x i n a x n"?xi o s ? a a V x n t m m o m m í a a n a - p a n V x p t V a a m n a s ? a 1 ? n W a n n n s r a V a Vs? a r a n x n m V s ' m m - p n « p p n p

-ITS? n a x i

p ^ a V p ^ n a -id - 1 ! p a s ? p a i n j x n p n * n a - n m a s ? Vs? j x ' a a r a m i nam Ton vanp p i n

n^aa n s ? a a i n a p v u n n m n a

raann

^ s a nansr

p a V n n n o n r f p a a n - 1 is? • n n x x*?x n V x n"1"?

• n n a n rr m x Vaax m p a b a a p

p n a n snax p

V a a x n - 1 » 1 » s ? a s m p t w §-9 n a x xVi , n s ? n a n n r n i x

p

• m n a n i v V a a x i T n a ran n n n x - r n p a r v s?a® x V i v a n p n n p

p

• n n a n r r V a a x i T n a rax n n n x

1

• r a n a n i v V a a x i m x » n a n n n x n n p r c a ^ p x i nas?p ? n a

p

• p n a n w n*?aai T n a n n n n x i ' a n p m i s p ® x n n n V n • p n a n n V a a i T n a n n n n x pnttr-a « s n a V ^ n n a • • x V i a a •pas? n 1 n V a a t " r n a r w n n x p n s r a n a V w n n a m n •pas? w n V a a i T n a r w n n x j r a i n na*?s?n p

'xana

pix ^ x ^xnsa

p ' a m n o a x i pas? r r n V a a xVi - r n a p i r n i s p ' a m naVirn n a p m n p p m n s ? n s r a nVffVs? " p 1 ? ns? - p i n p

nnVrn

atrpa prwi pxsa n n n a p v a n Vx p a x

V t x n n n a ms?i o n e n » p V i a m p i a p

p n s ? p a x «]x ' x V n j a p i " x V i a a

p

nhnam

1

• n a s ? " p n a n x"?i n a a ? V a p m a x 1 ? •pas? TP n V a a i r r n a » n V i n r s n p n a a n x p a V a n n V n •nn1 nVapi rvtnnx n n m a a s?n p •nnVapi n n n n x n m n a s

p

84,

xt2?ian V m a n a s n x n a

m m

nmnai

m D a a n a s n x i nV » ^ a n n n a n s ? n s

•nas? n V a a i T n a n n n n x n n m a i m o i n a i n x n a pVas? •paw n V a a xVi

rana

p n n m s " n x i s a V?aa ^xdt p

nnVn

• n n n VaV i n a i x V i a a a n n n m a n a V s ? v b n n u t n V i n a n n i n 1 • n n n V a V i n a i x V i a a a n n n m a « p r Vs? «=ps?n x m ^ x ps?as? • n n n VaV i n a i x b i a a a n n n m a p b i ^ a n n n a •pas? n V a a i

rana

n n n n x rVs? ia"?s?i ' V p is?a® n n V m

•pas? n V a a i n r n a n n n n x n w a •pas? n V a a i pVx p 83

pixn

rana

i V j n a n"?js? m a s

n n n n x - n v s Vs?3 n 1 1 ? i n a a s x m

« i V t i *]Va a n p i n a n V n ^ p p 1 ? n ^ n a is?ai • ' a n p V i a s ? p n a n n y o i n n p

Vocalized a s N i p h ' a l (et seq.).

84

¿>1 j j 11.

85

jjlí.

IV. §.8

The Text

ioo

Nim n1? »ö®i «iVx in-1 naa nini nan vmi ma'aVi n»a nan mai m a Vro nn pun pas? ViV) p m a na* Vs? pnas na f um mm xn*) nmnaix nnxa ntra Vx nwn tzm 071 pa ->3® f p mana u1? "nVsn nur-a n r s s mm nan npva p n nmaxi wa c n n s mm nmia pV rnasi pm naioi n ^ s a u n p i n a n s a nn pxn pmsVx x"?i t r r s n a nin mm nsac1? pta sz-pVa'aa n«n-« pVax"' p nw onn trtnxn Tvn ma p1? an nira nan mai uu na n r n x rwa nnrm nnrsa nVapi "pnVx nVx p a a-n nax u m ms? p n u n p pnxi n»a Vsn TiVpoi tssa naioa ircVi naioai 'nn sin na Vaai naioai 'as? p x n nm1 x t i uoi nas? Vaxi •ro xVi nV ^ a m a n nnve> px -m ^ nznx nVnaa ntwp m a nnv® vr -Vix x"?x *?S7 mV p'as xVi pnnanxn pa -onix p a i mnwa nnoi nV as?n man nnrtt nV pm moi nps na n©a nan mai1? ^mn pjpi pia» ••ap nmx n » j p n ntstpp p i m n p anrn , an nx ovn Va ipnonn israa vm»i v » owaa VVaa xim h Vsa nVva m m nnx Va p a a navnx p i -nsa iVüpnx p a mna nnx» piV nVs? x1? -inj nV xVn nnna Da-1®! -sixa n«?x antn ••an nx ipns nnwa "ins? "na maa maa m m nntzra Vs? waüsxn m a n nnn nnxm mia nax p a Va p nVj p'ns xmj nVen mom naiü an V» n m i noiVm nn Va ns? n1?» •Ip-'X a p y Waa -tw nan üatr p cra x^oi xn ax ma x'OJ nxit n a t na pxn x1? n-ia aV an p v a n nWaa nütrp nts? p a -j^a V?üp ptna xVn lsnwa nVna iaxT r o s?ina n nsina nao ]a raa •»n' nxi p vnx V» onx xVi •uaix nV mV max m m maxVi nV nai "qor mat Vv nVx m m •'ViVx nmxaps? ^nn nxi na nö»p nai pixn iwi pyatr mna pVnaV naix Da pxn xV D-ia nanx p a ppa ps?a» untx p n pixT na pxn xV cna nax ]aa maira xatsi nmar an maxV l a n nnx^aa mai n'aoa iVia Vas? wia xVi psx aoa in111?! nixnV nmat nmnaixa •nü®p n n x paam abvb Dp xV n©a -jn pVe-1 n^-ai pan- n^ao nv paaa )xn is? piar mos? , m isnsi nVx la-'a n ^ a mno sra n a i "-nDSia p a m n Vai manx nnVn nnVn Vap nxi nnara nm» 1 ? nax i v ••nna1' ^xn nax i v nnwp p»1?'' p n Vxsjatr" o n s a 'pisiV p»aa |xn in nman V» m m mas nxT nn^a nnciab nax i v ws p isV-'nxi n n a i n-n p n na» , nna'' Vai pjVs nnVn *?x uVenx na1 Vs? ^ n n s a t 1 ? nts?n ®xi p i nax1? xnx os?aa •rnisu Vap ntra nan n'ai la'jxi na-'a nax jVd nax manaa pia p f? ats n n pn1 vmvm a n s » Vx -itw nax nanp mpns •abvb t v punaV pntsn xV n®a nan n^i pV 82

L. i om. D. 3 p^'D-TS "3.

Book IV

99

IV. §.8

on - m a r ? x V n mx1? n ^ i nan w a i x na p x n x1? p a nnVa m n u1? pbna uantx « V i pjat m o s nmbaxa mosa n a s i naa pVn n ^ a m a n n a V x x V a -»mxap p n a n nrax p VüaK

nonxi n®a mVsa nan 1 ? m t s p n n m a x r i x p

nais i n s xVn nan naVa p x nxnm p n n na ins pas nViVi pnnax na"?a mVa pVx trim ntstrpb

owpa

i s V x n r - Vnp naixi naup p i x nas nas p

an omx nx ] m B - p ^ x mn1' r n a nnaj n m naa |x - p V a nanm pa -pno , , i iox "intj"' i s nntsxi no&p nna ^Vm " p s i Vs onx nnx -nn m n -p^s onx - p a nunx p 1 ? V n a -icq nowpn n T n s n p p o a 'oxa n©a nan man nao pisna VaV p m nVx1? mnna Vawa "»d w V ats t m laö-x nVna Vixtrn Va-na n nas nan naVa p x nxnm p m n"?aa nn1 V m mai1? n a n nan naVa p x n x n m •nV na Vs n w x i ra1? n p n nax Vxnr> VaV n a r nan n u i r p i nnua nspn ma^na n®a nan mai mm p W a Vmsr» m a a "ia nnx n w p n nas ^ V n a na " p -»am -pax Vxtp mn&a Va n1? an1 V n a m a a ^a Vxn^ 1 ? p s n nan naVa1? maw an Vaa p V f n iana xVa p m a pns ,) ? n^n Va n11 n m a x a m nVx n'px p D m a x nasn na - p np*« nx mi1? praai maa na pair p s n pV T a w nsnt p a nnpm aoa n » n max nnx •nn-» ats Vaa V x n w np' n a V a ms p x i p n n n*?x na nnp'xa -jV'ra na nVx i 1 ? nasn naa nap -p1? v m -|V '"inn -pax 'ix® I1? p i p n n s i a a - p n na nnawa -jawix na maw p nn1? "pxi na n a w a "ipso 'a - p n"?n na na ^ n x i na' jVd na nusa -]Vbx na -pap -paan 'rtsp na m x t d i s a i r x p x p am nnana"? nnVVp -jV i e n na naix ]a n ^ Va bs

nVx1?

mxi

^a1?

b x msi nnp'x

nan nnirx ua nsa® v V a i n ' a w p n*?p

ao na 'nn i n n a x n b m naVs ' a x Vaa -|ma •• ' u np'nx xV aps^Vi pns-'V pnbx1?

nnnax1?

nptrx na nna s m nnxina pVx

i n a s V mar nax na?a nan mai -pnai nnx w x a mpn

m s n®a na^a "ft

-pax Vx® nVx na'a -]na -jbx®1 ^ a ' m n^aV»

•nnnra nan na nnui nwa W a a sawn nVm oainn nan na-xa W a nax nnnax paV® nn ns n©a nan n ^ i n'a nVx poVxn ^V pna-'n -pane nnana pnsn xV p a nVx nratsn xV n » n p

nnnn niVVnn xV •'nin na® "ft

Vaa r a n n VaV n n a n mann nVxV n u s i r mn ]X ano --dx npim nnVVp m m 7a Va n"©a na'-aa nnVa m n V?a n-'as wair naxn nira nan n ^ i jVm'i p s i p r pnas-» ^xn©1' nsa p i nnaV nira nnoo1? nasira •'Vb na®a mn ao m x a n a s i •^am ] s » s n x - f V •'n,,n p a nVap nVnaa dVc? "fin ]xana psu o n s a a rpDi n*?m ••Va aba na'xi ixmxa nbx1? n x i x

p i n s a ait> Va crxVa D'na nnp'x ba •nnx x*?x n"?x n-V

7*

IV. §§.7.3

The Text

98

nasn na Vaa lan Vs? xVn pn «ini® nV rvV nmxapa nns nronVxa nnx lan V» •nnx xVx nVx irV narn t o h nan Tia-'xn nnn Vaa nani ••tuo pV-n xin mn 'ix -o nnv ixn max nVnp mp 1 ? cnp ntsa nan n-ai §-8 pV t t xV no©p ^Virr na i d i mVx nV'i pV mioi paVx pV la-^xn nai mVx •Vnm nm nVai maxn nnnairn mn xm nan naipn ]x maxi inaan n'aon pix ]xn pVtx pix p»Ti n'xma piai1' h » » nmVx pxi nai mVx mn vm p ' a p a x n'aip nVvn mena paip* ]an nV ^an ma naV nVx p-an xV nVi p-nx xV na: mVx Vj? p a pnax maaia nrr pm?o xVi pVap xV pix mnox nai nsnx nV psa» xV i d i mVx p a pnax pix ^x nnnn n®a» laix xnx p Vi? pninx "nn p-xa nan p^Vs? nV xVi -idi mVx pVap xV px pnax Va oann marna na?a nan n'ai ,,ann"' napy «»pan nxin® p notrpn nasa VaV pia |piD ma wVai piixnn mnan nai mVxV iddi pVi nmir uV nxVn mn •naV» ima nmax •ann1' xm -ax mx api ora tsVan nan anpni xV pai pnyi 'Vixt? nrna nnD xm nx rix mn rana nnD rrnx n®x nmx -•"ini Vop xm nx nx pam nsD nmx n®x nmx 'maxi noVD xm nx nx nsVxi natwx nmx n®x nmx p x »nVin i a •'xnsa Vai nsns nV'i pn®n Vaa pnD VxnirV nmx n©x nmx nnn"' na ntwp p nnVai n m a i nsi n»iB mp1? nirx n®a na Wsi nan naw ,aiD n ^ a Va pari nno ppiBn" pn na1?» Va na« «in mx mx naba yasn nx nViiV nasniMi ranp iati ma na n,1?i p m nVx nx r n n n Va pV'i n^ia© onT p a i » Ica rmpoi onu nV pia« na p -»aio nVxi nVna uwa oirp x^aj •isd pV -nari pVna pn ia» u'i-in nax nmis mn uV nnnawn Waa n»a nai mai ia» na» n'xna "Vm Vai nnna&n 'Va nwx n®a nnn na nmn iirVai naoi n p » •pVnTi poV" Vna sairaV pasp Vx-n^ Vnpi pianta nxa p maixV nnn pVa nno» nVVaa pxV ptMrv xVi pstin"1 n» pV nav nw •]aa "iaann n'aiV "ani -jiaV mxi prp npx dVb? »naa noa?p •nVaa mn ns? na» -[V'Ha na -[i,an,i •piax Vxa? ^iV , ar' fin -"Vd in nai nnxnn Vai n-rni nmpsi nnn *]V pnan l'ano n,u

•t» "pina pV ?|Vni o^am nmi psntn "j^ai nn^V 'tnnx f x n mn11 x-n i^Va xVn m©ai aisas xVn Va^-a n^a n^as ria® •jntnnffa Vna prna f xii -jnxa-ia Vna pwoa nnnx prna f x n pan pwoa mn nnxia ns? n^a nipi nnVa nnn VapV nVnp Va pnx inai» nVa ria oiraa 8» L^-. " D. L. i nsm. 3;

Book IV

97

iv. §.7

m onm m m® pin pt Vna nVna nbns n*?a xiVn nVaa m© -piVai -pax sin mrr p r -o l a x p i nann 7x m n 'n tapa nr1? 'x mrxia1? 'n a i n o a Vxuzr s?nn raip ns?ia® bo udix pn nnVa m n nira nan n">aa nan p a nb p'v mix n a n p ini t m bxitP1 m a a -la Vk-i^V pan mas? -piVai -pax mVa "mn naxi Vxi©'' mm b*in m a x -ppi nowp1? 7x11110 m n •px nxi -pax nx i a a p'Vs? pia nb -«sn Vdi ]at "?aa Vir ]x -va-i rVs? «psjv pip nVi tnx Vd rna p ait: a o i V x i c -ana n"?x rVa -to'* ]x Vir Vxim '»n^vp h d Vxiw Ts?a nVx p i s m p ]id1?wi -pis?p - p a i -pVnV pD1?"> pxi rnai nnaana »Vua Vxitn mis?p n a -pis?p - p a i d f p "|rai -pna - p a i maas? bob nx X'Oi nVpa ns?ap ]X -pia'a ion |x neaV ptrn -pis?p - p a i Vxiir' -pas vs nbp p ns?av )x - p a i -pa Vmm Vaa ns?ix ipj pVv omna p:s?pi p a "oi notppb »»am pxi ]xn mpj nnxisa n Vapn2i nai r a i a nm natrn nai nVma iirV VVsnn pnVx mn1' m p p i pm1? p a niisn naü mtu n n©a nai maa m a Viu paiaV nViy rr pmm l a x naisa p^s? c a a i pV Ts?ai pn1 *aia Vxiw bib au ax mm n®n ma x'ai ]xn 'ona ao -xdx nabs? na-x by pa-'pxi p"aai "ix p ppio nniVsa pn-1 •'ma ^xi mTV,l7 Vn rrVo1? m rnVstj1? mix mpaiV n ® miai1? ipix mano*? u x ami m Vaa pia-n na i w x m a "Va p rVa ptsVs mmV Vap id ppia namx id •'in i x maa p'na na nwna nVa' ps'Vs? nV mV paipn xV nnpxa pawn npi nrai xin l a x xim ntra nai n'aaV Vanw m a s ncaai mn'a pxn p1? is?u xb ]x na nVa ]x nan na pianx ]a inVx nVa - i naVs s?nn iid "i 1 m p -piDi -jra mm xVi n^nVx l a x xV i®» xin l a x nips?1? n*?D i w nai n n n x nai i ^ s mxa nVxV natr nwa nai mai xna ntstpp i'a psjirx p a na© n^px m x anaa mn1' irnVx mm nnx,l?Q n®s? n ^ s üs®a ntrs? nVa nas; xim s?nn nnVa nai mai s?air? id ixiai x*7 ana pVu mmx "¡as? las? mxi na nas? bo nxn inx xin l a x ]aa as?n -rs?1? mmxn vv^ i®s? xin Vxiw1? l a x nWaa ]i nra u1? naVsn p x Vd pon na mV V-n iais? iuid-'i ma-'aa nnnawi m n VVdi pin Vx nas? n^i nmia VVditi nnas? nanar pa-'an p a nais? Vdi pon nmiax na inx n1? m1? n a mm iaxi nVxV Tna iaV nvia i m x i nira nai mai i p w Tin minx bob m x p p m " - m x a nir xVv^ s?Tna na nxs xVi nanm n a mm l a x p ViaV ma tpba1 m x nV mVi nnVa mna nV) nnai nniVa'a iaVi bo iD3 Vx las? px xim nai nVaa nnVa m n nt?i npnira xinrcVaan ]xn x*7i ]pn f|nw xVa las? ns?o xVa xia nmnVxa pVn r\b mV Vioai -"xioax ma 78

Root

el seq. (5X)l>).

79

L. I om.

IV. §§.6,7

The Text

96

rbv onx p nnnx api na n^iVt? na vVs? 01c p nmat Vtx p nVp »anw "pnam ytznn'' nbap na pVa» vVs? onx p anra nnpn nrnn xaa na nxr n a t mxi rV» anx p nsnx nnsVai ntr?a nan nmV as?p na nnp r1?» onx p m s xVi noinx nnx naiva pVx Va ntra p n n a p t Va px na pV pana pxn aan x1? pxi in1' *pa ntwp nax ns? nax ns? nnca nav n u xVx "-ns^aa laninx-" biVin nowp nax t:? nms?a p n t s a pVi p y biVia na®p nax ns? nnp'x asm rnni nan nnxna sa&ri nopp1? pVina m n ^ x j^i pa^xn na pna jrVi p » ' m s m nasm au na psntni -jnnax1? 'ann ns? nnn p raiz? Vxntm nns?i §*7 §.7 p -na» annax Vna -pm '¡roxi no®p na ibi n n a naiv nx m i m mpn Tiisa rnaw Vap1? njx n1? an" annax Vs? nvr «"an pa1? n*?naa Vnnx nna Vp »aw npo-1 ^naV noa V?an n'Va p^x nrntVi rh n-ana na1?® nna nx nV VVan rv» Vxi axia nx mxn Vx notrp bv ax'p pnn i»api nnna nn'a n1! m a n* annax pnax n ^ a pVx bo a-wn p -jenp psaa p-nx p1? n w mnn n a naxi ia nrnn p s r nnna»n '*?a p snem a p y Vax1 nnn'B? nnna m n nVaa ns?a nan n'aj nnran nnos? aarn na nnaa nawa nrcan naö xin at? nnxanaa t3»a,i nn^D nnnsa -iWa p nx nnbm p prVa nosn na"?i an Vpa n a i nna -ap r a a ons •unanVxi nnx'oa p®a ua ^srxi naaa •'joai nmaaa , 'np , i n ^ o a tp nam nnna na V» "snwxi -jm ^naani nan "[n® n^Ji nabs? na nxnan "ja® 1 n n a pwa nas?a ••V -j^nxi nnaana 'a ? nnn:xi vnvmb •'inapxi do1? bd ^nbVai nnxiVsV n'sii -[nx^npaV ••mb nnnnai n^xbaV •'I-iböi -[maVa maa1? -jnxrm a'pxi nnwa «]xi n^na nnxisa nax TU nnaxn na - p Vom "jn® na i n ••nwxi "aa nnsx n a i 'impa nai pV 'inapx nnxn i ^ n x n na -|n nnnpa t ^ d x i nan nrai naan nxn^a wV ]x,an mn'Vn i ^ n a wnxa n m u nnn u1? inna©na nns? nnnatrna m x nnayi nnVa nnn nax -jx nra® nsna •«» a p y »niV n®a iVVa nnmsi nnna nnxi n^xna mn^ anVx m n a nnna» n n nat p a n»a na mn,I7 mair? na^aV maxi n-oxVa n n nira na» nnna nnprnx anx naw nnnairn n*?a nin,l7n nax mnn p n naxn irn^xV b u lam was? p n n-axVa Vai nmaa nnna no*' anVx naT>i nax no»p api nra xin p i xm n^xna p "Vnsn na ^xn®' Vai n'xma i:anx nin-'Vn nax nai iVm "rxnr» Va mn11 ^x nax nai mnnx a'-airn irtxn naxi ^am Vxn»'' "?np Va ^ x a n©a nan^ nax Vna1? nnnannb nnnairn Vna ^nxi 'x*?» nas nnnawa mn-Vn naxi nVa nas ynxn »acni pV nnai rannV atra •'xnm pnn n p a |raiai "jnai p Vna naV» na1? n ^ x lana nnaxn nnVa nrnairna nVn nwa nan n^a: obvb •-ann"' nas?a nb 77

L. 1 om.

Book IV

95

I V . §.6

V » n n s m nw p V s a ••to n*7 rrb p n n V i m i x m m by oVx na» p "rsa m a m a i n b x i m a » rroaV ••ana p i n » a i n j x n ' r s a m - a n V p x p n n ^ i n s V a p

» n x a n p a » m n a a pVna mnpn nnx'oa p e a ub m a ^ p T a - i s m n n r m

n m x i u a i t x n V m a ]x®ia m m © n p i n s m m p - r a " a n p m p a x i V a m m p - i x a » n V a m n n x ' o a m a n n a » n®a n a - i m a i V p i m a bp »ac? i d n i p i d m a na 1 ?» mm1? V a p n a i p n x a m a V ? m i p a ' s p n a n n D » s n i r a na*i m a i n n s , l ? j V a nV » ™

v i m •?» p V a o x i m m a x V a i a i m a i p

nan nam n a i » m a a p n n

n V i f f " V a p n pa naV m n n»3tra " W a n nais m n a i m i x p p

bdVi m p n a

p n x a n o a i m a m - m o » x n p i newp n V m n x i n n a i n n » n V a p m n V n p T n ® x i bo n a V x n z r

m a i ""asi n a V » m r i x by

an11

mm1?

o - s x i n r m n a r o » x p a maa nmaima ]x

m m n a V x V » mt? m i x i n a m n a r a t o n o p n m ntra n a n

"?» i n x a n p T B p f j V x p a - ' v p i m p x p - i s c a m a n o b x n a aria V m , o ' i a V » D ' s x i i x n x 1 ? o » s p a » » a p n p i a t r a a i » a x p n v a a i » a o pan 1 ? p i a m p m n a m m p 1 ? n ^ n pD11 x V m a i n n t r p ao boa-* ab oVs?V is? p a n n n a » i n a » n V n p ntsa - j n ] x n m a i t 'odi

x1?!

by nanaa oan p p a p a i

7 *np»

n n n o b i n a x naup 1 ? m a

m n a nos?p bv p n a *pii Dip" x V i n m a o » p x V n m a i npa"? ">ana p i

m i n » p p p a x rr1? m a a » V a a n V i o x p n a » i m a p a p*?i p a o p i a p x n m a n m n a i ' i a x V i po^y1? ma

wia ' i a x V i p o V o n a m i n » - p i n i a x V i p a - n n

" a x V i p o n n w a m i i » m o - w x ^ a x ^ i p n a a m i n » - x V i i a ^ a x*?i p i n : a m i n » n x p » V a n ns? m p •'la x V i p n a a m i i i ? •'xpVas? "la x V i p p i n i r a m i i s ' x i s a n n x a o p p s ina p i x i n » i b i x nnsra a i p na m i m n n x i r a V anpi v i a p ' x a V a p x1? " p v ' V i V x i m a "ama n V x i n m n V t x i n n n o n a x n m a V a - i p i d p i x i m i m V i p n i m »atm ma1' x V i |aixn m - - n n v a n n a s p - l a n x o n x i n n a i n n p i a n t i n x T m a o m a x - i a p x n V i a a p » a p i V r n x xb n a i o m a a m ^ a p i x o m a x a n i p a -"Si p a

m1?

Vxsasr

-ia1?

nbm

n a i » a " a m x*7 nVis? p n i p i V m x x V

m p i a v i n a a p V n m a x p b x v a t r b o " p n n o e p ^ap i m n a pni 1 1 ? n V i V a r r w » 1 ? m V p na1? na® n m x p a » i n n a i a m a a p n ^ r ^ a p x m n p i a » ) x p 11 ?» na1? "•ai n"? ->t»i n c o i m x n a n r n o a p r p p m ' x1? ' a i n b o y i

nrniaaa 'ai

b n x i pns-- V n x n ^ n x n x m n a i n ^ n x n a - s r Dn r b v n a n x i ap»-> ••ia p x p m1» p b x p m-1 x1? n m a V a p a w p ' o i n n a a * p v •'ia p x p m-1 x V n n a a n pa®i o m a x p a o ^ a p x p 'ix 1 ? x1? e r a n a » i x b i p a x V x n a V n i ^ x V n , V n ' a o n r n a x

px

x V i pn»o"' p n a x b y p n a x i n s a i ' « ' s n s i a a m i p n a x ppat? ]X p u n p p*?na i n noffp 1 ? » a i r x V p r\b m n n a nan"7 m i x V p p 1 p-ürD 1 ' x V i p ^ » pox1* 74

MSS "jn, but

75

jks.

78

JJIJ.

IV. §§.5,6

The Text

94

ist xVi ötrp tö ]xt¡ra nVna nV» xVx nra xVi naan xVi paVtr p a x «Vi pao p w i nVna naar pV inn» pama n a » nai nnana pVn p -pa nnxsra Vapa naiap pV nV^i pVpnpa ppixi oan pbi nnxisa -itsai nca nan nna m a -jVa anima p-» VVdi naioa •p-ar Va praa xVi p nnri-1 na nai opn nar man nVa n-nnn nbaa ns^i Vix^ is? npini §-6 §.6 1 ,l pn n- ? rh mn» ao Vasa oVona pn xm p aö xm "p awi na n 7 an pia mp®a o»p xVi pmnx nrixara nnann ]a nbava naiap pío nVa1 rVs? nna?«1? opa or TaVi •'vVna pn naVsa p ,n1 xV ]a n*7,i mpix nía p a bn Wa «Vi lai» ia»i neippV Vtx na» xVi np»t «^Vtix xVi naVx naa "otm nVxi pariwa i'ax p i nu®p t-V *iT»a nVa» db"? Vía» Va1? naa ^ pinar )D V» na o»ax na na»i para® p m i a n x ncax 'zaxn VaV Vapa '«mi p m n mn"1 t 1 ? iT»m nam nV^ V^a n^a pxi nVx fia 1 l a opa ora pairan i » nira nan n^aa paeVxi m a x naa -pV» n^a l a a nnirp n1? na" na nam nV^ mai» V» nüirp nVxtr1' na mn11 pT "o mna Va» xVi pnn xVi iVs xVi xnpa xVi na?» xVi »atra xV 'a-jVnna nn'a na» p nar •,n,,, nanre n» nVx nV na» p ara ^x ats , x Va»n Vía» VaV •,n,,a pxi naV mnanna nVx nV o'px ]a V^a n-'a i^xi n n B c •'n•, nV moi nVx 70 73

71 MSS tj^riK (^l»»)= = i^-in (dUU).

72

= ann (Pe'al ptc.), the more frequent form.

93

Book IV

IV. §. 5

n n a nV"nn nVxV natrn ntra m - i n ' a i n i n ™ Va-rera

x,ai

m a n p xVi n V n a a n a nVx p i

mp1

^Vm ^ n

n a -|aVa n n a o i

xVi a s p xV nwa -jn n^aVu •ntr?aa

n a r n a T n a x nn'V p n i a ^ n - i w Vai n n v a i ^Vaa "nira n&a n a n n n a:t -jn i a » nran n V a a i n n n n n x n V a a n n n a n n p r V a s ® s i n n n n n a Va ]x s?mx n V i » r n ' a , in© ' x ñ a s nVx -o n m n m n xV ' x a m n íVx ' x a xV ' a a m n n w x m i r x n a ]x n i a ' n a n ' a j p a a n p a n m n v V » o a n n a nps? n a n p n n ' s n a V nVs p a x ' a i n ' x m a Va nVx n a » p a n t s a x m n r V i npnnwan n n a x i m n p » V » ' l a a m n p n i » © r nais? nas?m n x n n n a r o a n n ]X -|V ' x - r n r a p n a v a nasn p a r n n i r x a n a n nip^ xVi Dp xV ntra -jn p n nV T a t s ^n1 n a i a r a p o n p a xVn enxV nV^n * - p x a i p x a xiVa x i m n p i o r í m w n a ^ n r r xVi n n s xVi nn 1 xV i m s ? a p a nVxn n a n a m n nVa int&s? nVx w i n V m a nnnn n n x Vai n n x nVn:V mV i x n u a T a n m V x a n^nx i x a p a " p í a xVx p a c p'n mV n e o p Vm© nV nVn ntzrx ntra x a n n a n n a b a

69-px

Tim-«1

p t Va p a n n a p a ^ n "ai i m s x l a t a n®a -Va 1 ? n a i a V m nütrp i a a n ptwx « n •lacrxa nnais? ddV n í a » Va m a i n a » n a » p n a i s * p o rn^n s r n n mynzr m x i V a m ®jx nVn n a x n n n n p n n n a x n a ¡ r a n m x n n a x -jn ' a s n a i p a n m a nowp ' V i a i n a n i n a x pp m a n a n a u p a y

xVi n a s n n a a nmoV • " » t i ]xiats o n p a xVn

n s n a - p n nnaii? n n n a n x a o n x n n a m p n n x : p a m n x V » p

^Va n w x i

nawp ipairi p n n a n n a i V d h f V x ms? p a vVs? t n a n n a i nns?sa n i m n a V » n a s i n a n n r n d v Vx p ' a i n p ^ s ? n o a x nVxV í a a n x i n a c a Vi» n a » i n-mnaV » í a n m p n a n -jV m n m n i r s a inai

,x,i

p x i iVa1' n a

n , V p n a a m p n ^naV a a n n xV ^Va a n

p a x i n " [ n a ñ a u p a ntira nnais? ]n nas^n iwxV nV-n p a a n - p mn - ' •nma aVsr? m p 1 xVi a s p xVn n ' a i n t r a a i n a p ' n n nn 1

xjp"n ]xas?m n a v i •'n" n t ^ a m x s n oirpn n a n a p in^naa nVi a n t a m x ^ p ' xVi nn'Va n a V a n x xip-1 n a i p i n n n x

vVi? u b n ^ notyp nnxV ''n•,•' nVxV

- x a n o m a n n a x ' x V i a a a n n s nV •'jon xVi V'n nV V'nn xVi n a i p n nV n a n n n n p a i nVtjp p V a y m a npa© ns?ns m a n s x n r ' x n s a m a n n n a •'xVma m a n n p i x ^ a nVxi nno m a l o n m p p srnxa tsvVn ^ a s n xVi ^ n n |xi p a ^sn ^ n a n n n a x n n x n m intsn nVp n- i » a ® n nmüV n n T p a p^Vy on 1 xVi n ^ a a n 1 xV m "anta o n - s i a nV "s?an Va V a p a n x n m m a n n n p í a xV n n x a s m n a n n m n nVs? in®a nuV mV p o n d V » i n c s a - 1 m a s i n a i 69

D. 2, L. 2 jn1? » ' i r ; L. i p s nin 1 ; D- 3

IV. §.5

The Text

92

nranan na1? nao1? Tris? n x r w p xin na ""aia mmbn nmnym nVx nas?n na as?x riffa nns? nma1? Vax m » rwa Tru?m d i r r n s n mai p n nVx nax p i •iris? mm1? nba xm maxbaa umm «pi VVai ians?a xnxn ®nn nnVaa nini m x inns? ^Vaa mp inn® a i naia1? nanna 1*7 x1? nax p a otpp VVaa mn mVn rvnm inni? mm nan naisn p na nnysi nma mix ns? psna iVb urtai ians?a VVan ntrni p a nVm -(»sa naxn na i n mn1? nns?xi nsnn dix1? nmaa nnax na1?» u1? naynxn Dnx nau? Vs? rnanxn xm mn mn» mVa p pVa'ai pnvranna inn® •ma nntx naa nD®pb os?aa nais? nas?nx x1? nanpn ara nnraa nax nas? pena p a i » ptn os?ax nVna pTa »nVinn pp n1?^ ma -»sa ru® nao mnx Van Vop na nma ami pnaa max xb nnraa nax nma m i naup Q-'px -paa nino nnx raw nWa xV xVx pp ni® naoi nWa x1? xVx nnx •?axi npa® ^Vaa ?s? Va m nanxn nx nmVx mn' mas-n mips «^n na us? in na Vs? ns?am nn-'»»! -Va nts?i- ms iVan rann n1? nai mm •oix Waa >ron on^rira in®» 1 1 pja ]an »nVim m»D "?s?a n' ? p a n mnTa in^p Vxn® ' -pnVx nVx maxi naoa x1? on"^1? mar nnut1? o m o nasa xmn naon nur mat inova-- macinai utn x t i n'ia n ,l ?in -»a dist 1 xV amVx nnm iitnaa i1? man i1? unniri p1? ara n"?x nax ano ^ i x naw mxo nV'i mnnn V i x ^ -tv r p i m Von na na ynr mm nanx nsai irxi rrnsi p pno pV mVi nai mVx mas? nax1 V'sa m^a pxi nnnnx n»a® nVn na1? nsia® ^sna o^px n-'ats p1? na naVs? u1? smnn mao 'aia las? 68

L. 1 om.

91

Book IV

IV. §§.4,5

m ¡o -irai Viy pxi nVa naxi mnn VVai nsiax Vx naxn ntz?an nyna Vmm t V "ltsn nna namx Van Vtspnx i s max nnx nVa Vaa mo naVtz? nVa p'nx mm nxsnx m na apynx im n® ayp ma -onixi naV Vmnx max nai nnnx Urnx newj? ma^p-» n a -panx Vxnsr1 na inVsx nVna nVns nVa m m m anx asa npai IDI nva mVanx mV rnanx na nVion "»asn mn© ••as "jVnn mna nan nas?V non H ^ nu1? aaip nVxV na Vmi n®a max nai ^ na mn xV ntjwp nVx xnp na *pnn pis pis uswn pnxa VKntP ntrix nai pns xnp nmna , no , i ntyVx ximaxi mi pnxi nnx nn nxintr p a as1? ptwx tnaaV n®a nai maiV pytcn mn mm ytrimi ids? f i n Vx-isr n a •'am Vxnsr -ipra a'yasn namxi pn uantx pVx Va maxVai mm1? mm nai nmaa nsaira uV pntxn n nnnai annaxn ma pn:r n1 «Traa nmnn nani annaxV ^pox 'p ana n»a m nxanaV mnnx ao f r x Vaa c m s assi mías? nV nsnxn naa ns?p nayn naa pnx mn rsV"x "na inp'nxi rVy uantxi mns ma nno nnoaaV maxVa ins nai nVx na mm -pin *ppn p its? lansx V i a pVna p a i m m n a n®a nan mai mn ]aa •panni mm mVxx nVna an s?na nVs naa n»an ns?na mm mats inana -ai pas? pin1? n^ n^aVi nVxV naps? «]xi nxrw pin nV mV nn-ns nVa nsn pVx Vy npan "px mV nrapa manna ra: nViom nan iba'' mVia mna nxn® •pVx os? -jam a^pxi -pnaa msxi -pry nnoi -|Va yapi *]aV nssx p a no mVa pan nwa -pVxn naa ^V-nxi ^ViVaa na «¡V'yx y a p mns nniss nnn np®n Vx nty na nxsn na naan na mV f i x isa na m - w m1? snnV nsan ns? n"an uV Bip-1 xV ^n ns?n nan p marca Vx anp"1 xV oía na p a niatraa Dip1' xVi nma Vna xV nVnp ns?oa W1? nams na px naxa ox ps?a DX ninnaa naia mas?a nan man pay pmr n^-anV nams n^ n , r mn- pya® psx na pnoa nVx mV ma-on1? ^Vx naya pnaV ntra ami nVnp ^ n 1 ? xVx n^a^an1? pyt x1? ntra nsVa nV xV p pV naynxi noop pVn laosn n'a'an psx ,ml7Di ^ay ps1?'" n'a^am ma nia paaV nspn ^na1? n©n nan mas xnx nai lanya mpn pnnn- na nxsn na Vaa pV n-yai rann 'anan p a xm i n a Vxn©-' 'ano p -jay an nna nV nax nari ntrx ntra na'aV 'BSSI pss xV ntswp pi n^n ^Vawa iVs p^y ^x1? pnaVn mna Vy naiyp xm nxinc xVa «'mpn xinn nn pxa nVi xin nVaa nnnim ^sn nanpa mn na "]n naVy nnaan xm mnx xm pm nas na xnan xm npinwon •nnx xVx nVx mV nan isa-w nVnna nam ranp pm napya xm p xVx naix xV am Vxnmi naVyV naiai nwai ayp mn *|n nan mas lay §-5 •jn , in» pnayi nynxi n^m» •'Vm nas na mats »pVnr nVxV mna Waa nnaa cr>

D. 3 iVraa-

66

Alternative spelling VvN-

67 pj-vï.

IV. §-4

The Text

90

pa n*w xVi pat mos? nnanx dVs?V is? naVnna nmV is1?» nVa miax Vx §-4 nnV Vx'» nnas? nna pta lamxV nVionai nV-'vaV ps?t nanpa mai nira xVx naVs? nnpa Vx p n aaipnx na nVi nV-s? m a y nasi ©Va na nnoai nas? napi •]n nab® na nnuaxn nax paan miax Vx m n ' laVai maa lVa1 nnnai nasi Vs? liai n w x nnx^Vn nnx-'oa Vs? p x i nwa n a » nax n w p p pxin Vxn n a s i p o a Vx miax Vx nVa x-n m n n ut?Vff nx naVt? ua^x nx apn nav Vs?i mirxna nnpa nx ns?a xin nrVi ma nVa Vx api o r nna Vx mrxna 'apa Vx dVis? t i iibVp nx iVnna xV laaip nx laV® nVna t w x nx p n nVna naan nx ian nVa •73 '»na Vx -idi -nVx Va naxa Vx nVtsa xV ian nx oxnffn xV nVia"1 nx nnxi xV nnnnx pVx nuiaia anai mnai mnai ran inVx naupV maa nVma miax mat? mnoo ^ "man 'n nnma 'i nnna 'i nnrai 'a nmnVx 'x p:xi »nVw pVx innai nan naœ 'x w i nraan p "pVa vp xV ns? naan -]V f p a mxm n»a pnxran nan mai "»ava pV n n m m m mi® p a 'a pV p ' a i a lasn lana nnx tt s?ma vox V» m i x œaVi nmn nav nVaa nnann 'i naVs? »Vnin mnn uantx na n©a nan naw nann x'm "Vnin na nVan rVs? npaaV -pns nmV 'n nnina 'pVn p a nVx nV -ran mV ao pVn t ninox na na s?mn nnVa m n nira nan mai nax p a nVn nnuoVp nVn nmaVa nVn nmamx nVn nmxap nV-n oVs?V is? p a xin nVs?® r r n Vai dVs? t i nVn n n m nV-T nmVa" nVn nnixn-n- nVn nmnVx la» naupV nnx n msi aVa namr xin na Vf "x n ddV nmasr VA 1 p nVna p na *]n Vi» nVa naxi -jan p xi xVa -taxi m a nira nan n^i nVVan nVVaa tnxV pvt na Vis? na mV man maa Vis? na mV pis n ^ ' xV naps?a mn p nsrn na Vis? na mV nns?s mn t?aVx na Vis? p n mn xV ppV nn na Vis? p n mn xV na Vis? mn xV Vaa m s nna na Vis? mn xV -|aV nn na Vis? mn xV ns?nx os?V ••xnsa Vtjp na Vis? mn xV ns?na nax na Vis? p n mn xV pasm mas?i ono npix ddV pV nas? pVx p nnx Van Vis? p n mn xV nVis? inas?n p nax na Vis? mn xV Vop pp ütfpa iinVan nnnx Vp p s?arc na a»pa •'nnx mpo nas? nnx íanp m innx nVx ios?ax na Vaa -nwx »©pa ninx nnara n- -ip1 -jaV »©pa isns mnx tjirpa innx nVx Vs? isas?n pVx Va otrpa innx nnxsraa lan na ano tmx u®pa n^ao mas?! pm mai nnxara mas? pna ^Vnna xVi nsVna maa naVa nansr ps?ntx na a m a x dVpi nxar nas vVs? n^axi nnas? "nVin nats na» na m pm mai ütrpa mnx lata pnaV pnxtroí laVirx na pVna pn tsirpa 'nnx •'an aVa xnxi an Vs? •'mn1 pinV nm nVi xV na nna nV nVsn nwaV 'ana p i ns?a -|n )xn nVx mV na^i pnn nna^x ]a s?m nnmas ]a Vnm nnxsna Vs? nanmi nnxao •nnx xVx

§.4

89

Book IV

IV. §.3

n a l 7 5 n 713170 na nim d w nub tnai o n s j?eq onnax m a w nsV mm 1 •va p a pianr nr ? mm rrpaa Va n:a®a roj nwa nan mm pnpim p n pao p a 'ana nV'atp nm uV -|Vn pnx1 maan Va naxn mam rss-n nra nan mai Dpi pmx p a nVxi pVapn nm ptwx Vna nVsi ovs ntra nan man fa^Tia ma mn1' maj n©a nan nnaa «Vtim nVarc nma o m apsr lata nV p-itm p^ain ppattr pVi nam •oxVa naVna nm apsr mnnV p n pa pmV Vapi t o mo1? pVo •oxVai dVo mn apsr rVaV pyatz? rap pnno mnan t u ntn n®a nmnpix1? nps?1 Vna nasaVi vnvnb rap panta pnas? ntra nan man pnrai ppVo a-'nbx ]x sjTTix nnnai vis bv mn1' nasn nanx n®a Vnai vVa axi mn1' ram nanx mn11 'ix nV nax apsr bna nnna x*?i nVap xV pin mob namnx x1? n n ^ m •mm xnpn nax nwa Vnai nV amnx nnnaxV ]x naan •a1?»1? nip-1 xVi nma os?p xVn nira1? 'ana p i ntra i n jxn i n DD»an nnba •>»» no©p ^Va® mnn nam nmax iVim ootra r a m *?a 'a urn x1? nn Tisaizn ^ x p5i!r -a mm raaVxi mn'1 OB»a n©i? raa ^on xVi x-n •-pn on Va nas?n xV oatra nVm nrcv dmd man xV oou?a n*?m ntrs?

•np^ -awa isatrn x1? ooira nbni n®s ••ps?a Van -¡Vn xV ooira nVm ntrs •nnnn ••aon x1? osira nVna new •tit na ^ann xV os©a n b u nws

mV na nann xV oD^a nVnj n©a •nnap or VVnn xV osi»a n w nVm •dVsV mo n xV ODtra nt?s nVm ••jinx aV ann xV ooira n®s? nVm •nVopi mnx aV aa na pp os^a n»i7 nVnj 1 na na» n*?x ^ nV »as?r x ? -jab an •,n- x^as - p mp-' ]xi oaisa nVm ntw? •raa Vapn x1? pp ma -pnx -jmo1 ^a oowa inmx n os^a tuV nas nVx p*?x nna naVm "jab ••nnnx ]xi os»a n®s? Vnj h asV ps? )a p nax p i ntzra ]xi nao )x nVas? ddV Vias? *?a Vaia n "jaam nan n'ai p ,anrr pao p'n nVna naan paann nwx nira mn"' nmx xm nrimay rrtpxna s^aaa •oi mnwa "o nnnV nVn opi o n mtrxna nas nnnpaa naxn nnasnx "o p dVsV mxa p ^ s onpa mV pVx pVoa1 x1? pnn "?ion op: mn nn© •nna xVi nm xV namV raaa nVx m m xnpai iVs Vaa ©nx 63

M S S l^Bon (l^lti-l). Read as Gen. xviii. 4 (Niph'al). vocalized

64

Hoph'al, or Niph'al (so

IV. §§.2,3

The Text

88

nrrx naipaVx-" 'ai 'ai srsaaa ^ dpi navsn Va n a i 'n m p a x 'n mavnx p a w-rais w p a n r m n 'a n^anm n a x y ^ a i nnx,1?B v n o s i n m a n p » n*?aa n m p a n a n nrrmn p a a n a nmix "rn napva *\x\ n n n a nar nrwa nnnawi 'bis1? nann masn-» lVss noiDT nnaana snin pa 1 ? nnia-i i"7»s M-n->an rrVa vnxn nim Vs? "piai o i m •nma p n px-na nasi p m xnai -ivx n*?a las? n a i nV-na p a i nawai o n o a nVru xim-^ xnx n-waa nVa »Vxa nia nVa n r a i n » n*?a VaV a n p vt pnT x1? mai 59-a-ipna na p aio Daipna -a-ina rnp , x uVi b-nna n a u bv -rox p i nxnn p r n n p " na p1? rppn pa r a m bob t t b i riznVa naxi n ^ a prv p n®a nan Tai Von §-3 p m m m Vx nm1 § 3 r a n ba ••a opi avb ••aia m i rann bo -a naps?1? Vnt» nrmri p i dV»1? "n® nrvxaip -o xVx ppiDnx x*7i niDVxV xVx pinanx x1? isVx n®a •'babi sinnenx n a nrcix las? rrxx rVaVi p-ix nV na1?» «f?1" pV aiüi i p ^ i ^ a 1 p1? naiai p n naiana1? n®ai Vion Vai " m "o bo ^a t a x Vas? VaV -tti r m Dpi ora naia n»a nan n'ai •nutpp b^v p n1?) l a a nwa nan n ^ i xm an napsn nxn® Dan Vs'rn x'ai D*7i?V mp1 xVi nma aap x*?n n'ai nwa1? - m a p i n»a i n jxn p n s nmVs Vxnür' nxix rnxa nVEnuV wu n m n-a^p -ra -isni nnx'DaV •VitjVüi a w nn 1 ?^ uxtsaxi idx nVVaa p a x i noa nas? nai "lnnan n ? nrm i n n naVsa nwaV --ana p i nira i n ]xn nmi in-ion rapa nawn -i^x vap m i x nnp- nan miaai nnan n'axVai n1? nnVn oan nnVi m p nrrxna nps? *?s? nn-1 ^ap nVsn» "CDin nV nns?a nVao ••ix ppVn- Dpi ova isVn p1? nV^ Tns? na « n a -intxi i'ix Dpi ora n m bdb pVxi p1?» i s p nVa i-sVxna s?atr p i faVx ^m n ^ x i1? t t v p x Va nx ]V b'iv n a nisna üD©a r a m Va ^a nax nira nan n'ai ia» pa "aita p a i n'ai nax p a a p v p i uViini pns- i*?n nai o m a x nunx na noirp ^a® iun na ibVx naiana nn , i i w x p a ninx üa©a r a m ba -o ntsivp Dianaa n»a nan p n a xim os?p rniV i u m nV'a® vsv ntra n a i n-'ai nWan nVVaa p x nan nnaxi nVis? -inaai n m a ns?nn nV las? nai pp na 1» nnaa •'Vx vr» mn,I7 nais? na» Vai netpp ••Vr Dpi a r a p 'Vx mn-11? p di Vpa n m ntra xnx »nVim 1

57

K nnvaa jK^n nni^n 'm nnis jx^a an'Kmp. 58 K lxainn sa:m mpn n^o iddd napvai D-'nna n®1! •?» -|na p» njjua nnapm n'omi n^n ' n o s i nrmai njn 59 K "pnN "a "n aio onrin na n"73 Tains na n"?o. 60 K ianx n m vbjk nnu bv t o s jai tiv n'^n p^s ]» na?n "7Dn td nnvan nuin p m1«] isnnNi jia'mji?. 61 Lacuna follows in K tili Book V. 62 So MSS, = lf (mn).

87

Book IV

IV. §.2

nnann VVaa p *inxi pnV •'»Ta naxn snm nnann 'i nnn na1?»! nxap na1?» m i a íanp nan nnasn nnna nV uanix na impa mVa "rir « m Vm ñas id na p ao «-nnx mn-1 pnVx mn-1 a-ro nVisra bv lan nVna n n a nx 'Va nnm-47 naioai raa nanp ]xn -]Va nnp'xVi nsn na n»a nan mai iVa11 pxn VaV nrr raVpnxi nina «íaxm nm ISV-nK ntwx nía «nxan xVi na nsn xV nma »Vnsn pmnx mai msVx -tnnxi nmx p üdi naon pV nVn vmpD ptwnn xVi nna'aa mavi Vaon nVxV nman ni» xVi nps?r nía -ot nVxi naup nax anpnx xV nai •paw- ]xn nv rama pViViai nVna noo'a nxap nnVa mna Vom mna nur inV^ mx so-iasi am mxn-5» ••nn nía nVn •num ^ x n s na xtrn -pV-' ms onnax naxn n m s man pa®n ' i m s na nnnp ^ a n Vai nnnax na vrn na» nmat n o m s n^npa pnx1" p nVaa npvin Dnxn nnmx nrnp m x Vai nnnax na smsn monnsjV am niíai •nnir nnVa mn noa na» p a »napin pnps? sanx p nnxmx Vaa nna nV^n naana n'aa rnta id» p nxap "¡v na-nx nrV nVai cnx n ma nxap nnps? n®a nan mai p a nmu , ínx ínasnx pix p nmna ninx nasnx pVx na nVrn nu mn pía pxi ppsnaV mu pnps? pnn nsnx yarcm naxi am rmw imxx nax na nnxras? VaV maia nnwxi nan aramia Vsrüa ao ñas? -|n naivV Vao au •anna noinV nnx Va pnps nsanx p pTas? nVna nai nVaV tmx nmnaa x'n •nawa n'a np»

n»anx p nnrcx ns?anx p nnn nsanx p m s » nsanx p n'a

naonai ^Vn ^nipa pn -jn "asi 53-nnu Vx VTX-53 pjVs nvanx jVdox sqn pnx nmma V» p nnasnx ninwa uVi man p x V» nnwx pi noiVm nan n^Vs? nanxn nnnsixVn nnwxi naan xV nnnn "-x^m nnana nnwx p nao,,-M Vrn-55 tisn nna» nmnx nai nxna nn»x naairaV V»" xV p a mn1» anpa nritpx p mn nnosíi "naani nua nan n"3J na anpx nnana V» pnx n a mn nrwxi p nnm niaira apipan m sin

p -idsi nnun nnssn nsnxn mss? naanx

pnn paV ••am naina nnm nansa nm nanp mm mn- anpa mn nsnnx p •55-nVaa nn' nüaxi msn nVa naxn n-ai niraai na pxn nVnj onp p a s^-xnanxn xma Va naVa "nasim nn,-u nan pia-^ nsnai nms can 47

K .ijin"?«1? m1?®1? n^^aaa niai ]nn ^TtnKT ^ d ii^na1? npis niui 48 49 nnnaon nnoi nnma nVna njnn« n« p'sp. Usually thus for Aph'el/ Hiph'il root -pn. 50 K much longer — see APPENDIX I. 12. 51 I jjjij. 52 K Qnl¡7i , nana marina -|»in. 53 K 3i. 54 K nin nnam pi ni'aT. 55 K riswai 1 ]n«3i vaip p-m pn ? ^anj íairrix jnnni njacn rn-'ava ímn« pix ik nnm müsi rioon nnt«T nisn n"7n 'jom maa nonan na- 58 K om.

IV. §§.1,2

The Text

86

•vaj nari nV«1? aan n n kVi -]Va an an •nnnasa n n nniaVa m a a nVxV aan n n xVi •VsVa iaani n»a narnn nVxV aan n n xVi ^Va an •ntn p nari iVa* na n'1? nVxV aan n n «Vi "[Va an mni nniDai nni-inno nniawiKi nnanai nsnpi nnna nna^Vn nnmosn •p-n-ra]1? pai» f a » pnps? pVx Va nn-'Vsi 3nnina®Ki nniai Vn-rer npix pa nVxV pnn dV»1? tv ^Vnn^ t ò nsnpi a1?»1? na niaa nnna nainn p poaV nnnnnn mio: -»a1? nniarcixi nuV mais u n •'JoaV nnanai nVapna nan nniVxi nn1? ^xV xV nais? Vaa-3» nmna®xi " - f m nxba-^ nmoai nniVx arnas VVcmi nmoK m m nmVs pm©a nV pVapna jxiVs n s a i s ••ni aw ntn npma nniVx onVxn p- nun mica nniVs pnx1 msri nnna n-ana 1 •w-rro »in pV nniai nnisa nioi ? mni nna® niVsa pianta pVx Va - p s pina mai p «in an iaV®V f]xi nxa-iV p n ia»p rnnnaa »iVnm nnps m o v i §-2 §-2 •»nn» nn® nnna «naoi icn -|n mwna "a» dV»V aip' xVi nnia dik p a»p xVn DnVx Va"i nax p a nVaV ann nncrn Va nVn nasn man1? -ana inx Vai n-av n®a nan mai xnp p a n®npi nna®i mar nn&i nVVa mnVxi nVnn n-tpsna •«-vai Vva -a mas?nx-« n®a iris pVx na n nnaa p a na Vnnxi n®aVn na® n m i a i ®ma anVxi t i » ""a p i ti® risina •«ma n®a*n mp 1 « a'px n Dira nasn nma pan 'a» a®a n nani ni» anVx mm -is'n «nVVan anVxai »napin la -a anxn nnmx V» max mm n n naam nai na®i ntraVn nari m®ina n n mpx mm Dira n mxn nx n nVai-« nan nasn sin in nan n ^ x i a mo uà"1« nVna s?naa lana "Vnim n»®p nana n"?a ]ra» nnran nasi nninVxi nao nwn san®« ntran naD « - p p n -a man» s i a arca 'a nas n x m a nwai s i a n ^ i n a anai na nxin na xna •xna n*?a -jn xnpx nana aia iax nwai masa n n i ntn n»®p •»ìanan mnxan-« nnK-i,w Vai mar mp rrtpxna •nVsjb M-^Vnna «Vi nmnV niaa naVsn m a namr nai n ^ x i a nub nas ]nac?n VaV nns n®a nan mai m a » «iinVxV Vu iam ma1?» « n n 'a ^xna Va na api na® 'n -nnnx na na Vai n'ar -«nn® 'i nV ••bt 37

K nniD^'n ^na nnimxi npTis D'isin1?- 39 K J'1?«1? -j^m jn1? n'y^Dia. K n^vn nnasm na isin nani- 41 K "a "i "i na ^'nriKT. 421< add. ri^nn "?anoK 44 •j'nnn inVwa na tsjsi isin1? 'an in t1«. 43 K jm -o p n mp'« K 1 aiiin nanB' nmj7D ••'ijn'? m s mn non 'a «na nnx "yVj ?! i^^an n r m n i pn Kim onna rami- 45 K add. nini m,a»"i lam un nnxDmia nviin nVn ]an np-1« n"73. 46 K nn n"73 'a noa^T nani.

10

38

Book IV

85

I V . §.i

p-nx ttrx m nVna nVx ana ñas? naa nnona mn m inas?n naa pma n^n ma& "rna Vsyn lagaña nb nans kVi o'wn nm rb nanx na "Vmn nnnax p i n-'am nab ma 1 ? n©si nbm n - 2 1 nV nnanx x1? pnsn nnps?t nnpan nxap m n s -annx a p y

22]xanan

jxana ^-nnVn rh ann nVx nrv nan wax x*?i na m a n

m a x nrca nan mai nn wx aps?n n1? nanx xVx nVa nV arrnx xVi ma pnna nasa nnm® m n nax xin nai nninVxn nasa m a n x raVn 23s?mn " xVa 25-rVai nnax nai is? nVa-25 pan p n s?mn na^an nax x*?i nan nax ^nnran nman pVxa "Wan na pm pVna p*?a f? nVn nrca nan mai mn'' unox nai •^nVnp Va Vs? nabs? nmxi ixmx nam nanaa nao nns ^pnVn •nVxn nn'a nai nVxn mas? ntra'1? ^ana p i n©a -jn ]xn •nann DS? anna nna ns? Wan nira1? 'ana pi nu?a -jn jxn •mx ma nV ami ^ n nna nV nnnxn ^nira1? •'ana p i ntra - p ]xn •ñas? nna op nasnxn ntrab 'ana pi nira -jn ]xn :nax mías?® nVnp ^Vaa n»a nan mas aaox na mirxna nn jx paam t?nn

2E>nmx

nn maw m pa moxi na'aa ns^i nnanxi

naxi nan lana nao nno npi n® uantx nai pbn pnVn nnnpaa nas p a n^n nnx^a ^ n Vai n:nox nai ns?nxi nip nai mwxna nV nantx pnVnn )x s?mn ••a onxn nnmsi n"?n nmnnos?! nnair av mx nm1?! unanx nnos? nnx,l?i n o n •nnaan ^ a a -|s?na ^Vai pVx *?aa ••DS n*?n nnos?i mai nn»xi nmm natwii nmxi maxVai nan nmaa nnos? uanTX nnx'oa •''rn lana n*?p n*?np s?a®xn Vna ¡»-n1? pana-« pVx *?a maaiai mmxa n m mnon •nn-npiaV a® uantx naVs?a pn1 nVn n'ja'D nan ••aan

•'aa1?

bv ss^ap nacm piraa nas? n,l7 nVVaa 32-Va,n'' ns?-32 noo nmx

nnaV ¡¡«nan nna?xi ps?iac Va Vv ñas?' ns? n*?p n"1 xVn Vs? »Tnrx nmm noirp n n nanpV pans laax nnon ia"?^a pa VsraV^ n-ai n-aian -aa^a nnaan .3enas?n naa pb lan n-aaiai 3=- nV uanx ms? n m x a 21

22 K "na nannxn. K add. q1?«1? 'Binn x1? j i s i n1? D^pxi nonp nnan m a w a p r . Aph'el usually spelled this for root SJT, et seq. K v t i 1 ? . See W. B. Stevenson, Grammar of Palestinian Jewish Aramaic (1924), § 18,6, for preformative "7. 24 K n n m n n a m ^ a a i ampi nsnna. 25 K n ^ V n a p a n ninx n m s i . 26 K | m s naD jbt lia'pfi nriKBipai. 27 K add. n ' j n a i n n r » ••'jb jb n 1 ?; jan naa n o a i n s i a n i T p a Tp 1 «. 28 Short lacuna follows in K. 29 K resumes (f. 66). 30 K "j^ai -jna JB 57BB1. 31 K n1? D'ana n ' a a i a mi n1? T n s a n n a a n n i f o a •'TO1 pi«- 32 K 1?s7"t hbjk -"v-m n"7. 33 Or *7Dp. 34 K "na T ^ a 1 ? ! nVnan. 3 5 K p n nap n n c n i s i j n a 1 ? nvaan v a i p m a n « n m K B n m nnnpi« 1 ?. 36 K add. m a n p i n « n o n » n' 1 ?!. 23

IV. §.I

The Text

84

r n p 1 1 5 - i a n V n b a a » n s x n ? x b i rroa - d t i n a x n a x i - 1 5 ~iaxV nan mai nax p i inVxx nbna oan " n y a p m "nVin m s

bxiw

Vnp Va 'itxa n a x i n v i

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Hb V v n ""V ms rwab

ynr

• p a r s n "iai i7'psa©

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«-npx nn'xaipV-is

o s i ntra n a n p a x n®a nVx nax n n m a t t o

- j n n V V a a r a » n b n p V a V m a n x i n » a n m m a j na^a bv p a x " n V m ••y?aaa n a »

V n a n a x p i ntpai n V x p a n a m n m V a - m o s x n p n a « i n

sas? n a » Vai n a x i nts n m p a rinn p

p i

n^x 1 ©

aturxi n a x p i n a »

,

p

V o n n a i n V n p *?a p a i m a n s i n s a V

"py

a n o a * i a j p s a © puxi n n a n x i m n a ) p i x p a T i a

IN 1 ?« W a a ©ix n ^ n n a n p x a - p s n© p a s ^ i n b n a n x n " r n a p-Vs? - r o x i - p ^ s n n b n p b a b p W a - ' i ps^* 1 p i x i pV n V V a a m n pas? W a a i m p v n n m n a i n m a i •Vxnr> V n p Va 1 ? n V n n a m n a a ntr?a n a n m a n n s n a m m p s a u m

-nbxb mp"» x V i n n i a a a p x V n m a i n w a V -»ana p i n®a -jn j x n •dVs?1? tv v:xb hVj ab l a m a n b n V n n w a V ^ a i » p i n » n -]n j x n • n m n V x i m m p na-t n a a n a y n n x i mra 1 ? r a i a p i n i r a i n j x n • n V i a b v m a m a ^ x i npa1?

p i n©a -jn j x n

• n w o ' i n iinban n ^ i a i ntra 1 ? v a n a p i r w a -|n ] x n n m

n V a V a n^n n V n a n n W a a n n 1 p

n a x x m n a i nrca n a n m a i x m a n

bibm

•13-iana n a x i -hs? n a m a n nas? p n a a n a m a n a n a n r a i V a bob n n a s t r m Vxnirr V n p bsb p

l a b na üienx

x1?

nao

o a n jnxtn m i n n n a x x V i n x t n m r r n

^Tinxi n - i n m a n 'as? n x r n n a x i i s m n m i r n n a x

n x t n n - w n n a x p a - w nira nx^a p i s o n i r a n ü i r p a nx'a" 1 m a nV n t n x n ni^aVn n m ' n n x r m n n a n n X ' n ' n m V a " n i o v

m a w

n a i na® ' n 'w m - i o o " n ^ a n ' n

n ^ n n W a a V a n n©a n a n m a i d i t n o o p r n s n ' n n m n b x ' x n a m p i n n a w • w - n V a p i m n s o ••nwam n ^ n p i m a d p n n V a m n a n V n n V a x-'m m n n V a a p V n a n a s n ^ n a m v i n ^ a ^ n a m

nxaia u n

n a n ns?

x r w i i t s j V x V n a n V x n a x p i m n a a p x a m a n i i a i n i V x s?s?im i a x n a px mn

n^na nax n ' w n a i n'ina n a s p a 1

nnaa m a

o n r a i nraVx n^iV

i i ü b t y a m n m o a a p V x i p b x i n o c p ' V a bv p i a - n a l a m x m n ^ i p

bv nvab V^mi n b i l a bx s ? t ^vw ^x n ® a a ibiv by p n V n n V x

•abs? 1 ? a i p 1 «Vi os?p xV n®a -jn D a n ] a i n©a -jn ] x n n n v a j p a - i

na

n*7X nb ' t n n x i « n b x p ^ n a i nn^a n a n n x ^ M ^ o n n x ' D a a i p T i X T •-nais? n n b a m n a n a x so-n^an rba 14

UjTI.

15

L. I om.

PENDIX I . n .

19

16

JL^ u

t

naiai

tv

•wtn ma»

p a V na»i ana

pi

nira 1 ?

'ana

p - 2 0 n^an p n a n n a x i n p n ^ V x nai?

bbm

17

L. i add. j m .

K add. ""7Kn B^KT "VkT ma57V

20

18

K different — see A P -

D. 3 om.

^X-IET b n p §.I

NÎXRI n w a

-QTV

D5?p t o 3-moa m m naa «nx n r V - 3 nVai naar 2 -Vdv n»a nan mai-2 §-i nam p nnnpa mn - p i nasi Vnn -jn i»» f v n v pVnai np1- nan panp n a n « n a n a x n «inVsx nVnan nip"« ••ra p nnasa x n nai nann n ias t a n nav 5-nmai n m VaV ïamxi- 5 nmpisaa moa moVx niaaipi ïamxa moa raV nns> vVx mm nami na?a V« xnpn rm,l?n r n a o ama nnpsn TW nman moV« nisi nax nnnnx m nais? n o n o i a nVi nnxisa nannai ïamx nViom m o a msa Voi naanV m m nann nax nsran m o o m a n m n p i nana npm nraaa nV msa n a m nVaa ma? Vxnar Vr nana 1 ? p n « npo ID « - n a n n m ana-Ji. L. 3 8 njKn; K n o . K add. ija'K n s a i a V nowp T a uann o n o v i •''ìbi D'nun. 8 K add. um nnraji nais. 10 K om. 11 Hoph'al. 12 K npuxa m a i j'ani pusai. 13 K m a n a m m n"7a Tax1? n'ja nan 1 n'1? n n v a n naoa ' m s m a n » jm na«1? na® Tp'«1? T*aK n n v a n nasa nasi m ® n'i-'ia naana nx'-ann na ^j^aa ni®1?. 6*

BOOK IV

III. jj.IO

The Text

80

H i n na» m n n*?np a»pi pmp ü»p nVnp Vd V^aai nnna VVaa n»a n n Inns? ' n pxi pmai p a i pnbx wnx nsnxi rraw fiVa nxbs? nVvn1? natzr nn po1'1?® pnan ann xVi iVna ]nnaxV nVpoai na D^ps pa rcmnxT •jrmax au hoi nxrrn aim run ppnsa 1 aVis? ? -janp n® -p-im •mx nVk n?N rv1?

Book III

79

III.

§.IO

]iv inrnxn Va nnx Vp pVna m x ntra n r mai p nVVaa p x wat» id prnn •nsai xVi ^ni xVi m a n r a m 1 piDVx tt is? nisVxa p-Vs? psn «onnsoV ps?i m x n ipsa p aanox nai rr pnpw paiV •'s- pV naxi pnpsi n'anoV pi?t pnnai lagaña pnam t b o p •'jnx o-an •'Vü na mV naam nnpina laño m1? 'a nVx panp1 naa pavnano anoV "•x- nnpv Va- p n a n Vis p n-snaa nam npvn ano 'dx npim ano pxa naVaV ami a w nn® piran p a i naxn - p niBVxV an' ano Va -o n^n t c •o nerawn nax h navi xV -|Va an nnan p®aa rnx nx man naxn - p nnan Vanox viaVi pnxV noaa uVai nwVV n^as xin - p VxnsrV nmV matra t^aon ns?a npo p a n a y xV nn'asn naxi am nntsa noaV nax nmaxV nam n-Va pVx ma ••ooi xVi pDi x1? -pa-a p p-iax miajx p n pnpv na pVxa pVx n'anoV n w n a n'aj p t bv n'aVv n n a p a r r na na r a m naV nVn pnVxV nman na-1© Vxnr> naV isVxi paiV lana inai nnoo npa^ Vas n^ano Tips p nao nai la^pxi rmran xV nVx paaVxn na naan Tim aV nan Va aVai naxn - p p^aa pa-ap n^n nxix xVn aVtra iVsrn "Vi ntsrcpi n-na nVx m n -o ntsicp bv pa-aup pxVtns? paipm nmn p pipnna pnxi naVs? p x p ppan xVnx uxntx wx xV pnnpa naa nan n"ai nx Vim aVa nnajx p n nowpa Tnm ny Vxnrn iaVx •paVs d V » V p e a m a nnann nas? nx pV - w a a V d s i ^xnar Vnp VaV pst pVx n'VVaa Va nna Ipnm nnan nnnai aupai nrnVa'a pV na-n pxat p a x p nrr V i d x i mVia nnDi m o s a -jm apsi *]inon xVai n'aw p -pxn pi®: "Daa V» -]Vaoi n a i nVna waV p nx maam nVnn pinai n a a p i nnai nVuoi ®np -nn paVa ]xanan ]na® p isa® id pam noVx l a a poon xVi nnxao pVx VapV iaii? n a y n riñas? pVx naa m n ppao pnax inx Vp pVna xea nats nVVaa p x n®a na-i n'aj 1 tt" -nx ? nx nax nVVaa p x p a nrca nan n-aj s?a® nai ymm p Vsi aipm pVi l a x p'Vs; p a u Vxnm Vs? pino payxi n^inaV ^x psiix am pV paV Trrai nowp pa i t d x nVnp i a x i na paa® pnx mn-1 D © a -jnaVi m»V nowp pta nasi m-11? pan" anp naVsn m a paiV an1 na xVi nan naipa nxi pwin xVi xVi nrasina nnaun xV e>np nVa pDmu p a pDVa'a ©np nmai pDjna ©np paon xV nnDia DiDaV pan pD-'aan pD^Vs? tai nVnp nax1 n'aina pm pVVnn nsix pa'aaV nrr pVVnn xV nnn^o "Va • ' ü i i d pD^aao nnVVp 'Vaa pn-1 nan n'ai nx ]ana irrm ^a aVa nmaix nrna nns^a pnsptrn xV nan na»V n'ai s?a® na psj xV nnpo naai nan xV -jmna p a nVnp Va Vs? •'ma nVVaan 130

D. 2, L. 2 n'Dno1?, but »U^JL.

131

VJ¿)1¡.

The Text

I I I . §§.9,10

78

nasn - p s nnxi naV i n » «"am "mann i s -[naon m n Va n»xa ^ c a a nxoK Tin nbxV " p u D'pn xb -piat^x na i a -p xVn vVx -pnp in" m a n "3 nnxtma n u s Vs «pn»a 'nn nVi -pi "pa i a u "7» onx p n o -]1? r,I?i Vpa -Nim ]am in -¡Vap-1 nn1 npwn Tsaa -pa t»1? tik p~i nnxaü n u i patpm nrnatwi1? i m ntwx nnxTas "?a *?s anrirv nntuna Vs •pan 1 vunVi nasi 1 ? •nn uV o m r n n a i nVxöo xVi nrn-> kV poon »Vi n p n m r n11? nuran nnnai na?a n a i n^ai Von -jn ^ s n Vrm V u ibhdk p ] §-io xim n m ht ? pnx pVnai n^oi1? pst -|n nrasn itsn n ^ a pbx Va Vinur nVooi ®np os? nVx pan* nnai pnx na latrx na na »atraV w x x pV naxi v m> aa®1? -iax p i p a n n,N,oi ns sann-'07x1 p a nasaV n a rru Vaa 1 pnpsn n-'N-oj p x p i nn* nxana ? rVs m s rr -jao mnx p a i p p sinn-' n-nox las n^HJ iana pn-1 naxn pjx -jx avb inx xim DrV nnx xto p"?na naxi ntra rannH n m mn na nVa Vs nia^xi nVTi1? n n x^n -jn nwa nan n'aa n w a •bv 15? xVx ipDa1? nVx pst na nip^t tu p nV nasn» na ias nan Vs p ' n a na^px nm 1 ? t]poa sann1 bs xVx imx Vs m s ntra "po x*?i nipno -jao -o naan mn xVa nVna -iaxi -pm muri r b s r r nx - p o i nax p a n^np ••Tin rVs t b k nasi pVni? n1 Vup 'a n n a i «]po paT m o s r^s? i t nx n©a nwaw n»a Dpi •>t,17 po n»a nan n,ai,7 nanx nai nVai »nn 1 s?a©aa aannxi ]3Tai t i u *?un i p o m pta n n a i n n nmnaai nno^n na^px m s bbao vawaa npintt latai ns?ix n- vrnob p*?o l a i n-aVa ,ns?at? n1 ia«a n isiBün r1?» m x n- ntra -jao na nVibai sai noV ntz?a n a i n'aj pioa latai nabs?i i » nnaan n*?n pn1?«1? nman ns?a r"1 mn11 i p s naa n a v i Vnibt •'ja naa p t baa nsu pV p i c -jn p'ao •^'a1' -|na f]Ni i^n um xVn ™ na na nia n-'Datp iPNn1? p m a pst n^^oi u p s p n®a n a i n'ai aao i a i pr baa lasntwi p i p s i mata pari1 p a niaip ]ata naairaa parr l a -|n p - m bv panxi pnasi laxi n^ib1? pst p nnai ,,nv' nai Vtn nai n,iK,n *?ai nnsi , n ba p-saoaa i d d i p s i i r «Vi nnai nar n a s h'anN pmasn naa naVsa a c n s i naü n»aw ns p1? -at aVa in« na^a mna nuaix p®n aabi mn1' nna naa ^a m a p i a s pa'in l a a naa -jms p*?oa ]to isnoi naa ^Va1? »pii n a u na ^ n p o paw abir s i a i n m a s pjaa r a n m mamV nnnatpn n a , a p i ^bsj xb -[mnn ^•'ao p T-nm •in« k*7N nVs n ^ nowp na^a na^i p a r ba Vnu «V pnio^n nsi paVsn «Vi nüirp la-'px n , ]K , i ns nax uantx nai nVnp nxH1? pst p nnai mistai nanai xm nVx1? nm^D xbn ihn p psnan xVi paa pbapn x^i pn Vs Vd di?

1

Book III

77

HI. § 9

§•9 mm1? amaatx -m bo nnaxa arvxaa an1?» ma uV piann iaa i©asx pi §-9 W?aa abapbi a'axnVi a'aaoVi anpsVi anowVi ansa©1?! a'wxaVi a'wVVi •nVyV tv pa aa'a •p^p m M ]x nax p©ix paajra1? axa aniaax n a i Va rr a y xV p max aanx axa aniaax Va n- aiaa nV aasn aaapa m a n paao ia©i ansp axaa anxtsm ann,l7©i anVr nnn p'Vs? aanx "3D jxisa -o axaa axa n,l7 pVapV •jam aanaa atsasi amna nxr aaxa -ja mn a r m s pn" mp a-aV©! aa©xi nnas p*?x Va aaosi ami 'ai aaaxa pi nsm s?n nam TXT snx ©naa Vs naxi mn1» nx'p p-ix "»Vac a'laaV an- am a©a a r a"ai aanaa xtii rnn amain pn" ]a nnbbp u1? ro snn p anV?p u1? V?s? aia Tips ^bn ]a *?xnsr ,ano VdVi D'px p anVVp uV bbi? naai pea aV-owx p anWp lib bbs ^Vm ^a pa aaaix 'p1?! ]X Vrm an 'aiaa amxaaa aim aaVsn anVVp uV bbs aVxV aaa aaai aus ax aa asp Vd" Vti j1? n,V atfr px ai^a aa©x ax paax aa aaa pnxa pup myp Va p n,l?i pi©a aa px an pbi ax aa mpi Vvi p n,l?i pVsi aa px am xVi p u a aa px an p'-ao ax atsaVa mpi pa n,l?i nub px in1' -pen ax raaba ao©p pVm px xVi p n nax as?i paaina p^i inaix via as? aa -^aa"? iVa1 pV dsVi -pa aax1? xVi aaxV ps?a© xV aai pbp ps?a© xV aai rap paaj? aaa paix ay Vrn tna p^aaa nxa ppa©i pa rex pa -pa pV xbi pV psa© xV iai p1' a-ai a©a aVs iVx f r i a -insna nwa a'ai xVi p^s? poax a-xat xV ama anaia bx xiai aa-a Vna axon amVs -a amVs ^nbapa x1? anxw^a \>v pxi aVs -di amVs ^nVapa •a' T aiai -jVa'ax Vna Daaax ambs xVs aa a^xa an,I7 -|n,ai lata ©sna -jbai? ins aniVs ^nVapa x1? anwa V» xiai aans V-ia awa iz^anx n,'l711? aas;xv '»a nx aai 'xat niat3,xi "j^Tar ma^x ^xiati nna -anna xVi -jaaV Daan "imVa'a na -jia t m xVx an1' aas?n -jVaa n-11? aais? aasn iia anwa n"1 am ]a -pa arva aVx aia xV p aasraV -ja n^ aia iVx ancra aaan •aapra •'x aaVva aaa 'ap aaipn aV •tp "]a apVa aaayi •aav n-r psx aV ,a'' -ja anx uV aaa aV "•a"' ©ix , •iat3x aia ©Va-1 psx aV in a1? i n s n pV aaa •'a- ©ix •amaV© amaaa ana aia ©ba-' -ja laaab aiaVn-' aaa aV •'a1' rax •aaaa aia a c ^a axoai atia V-'a^a tiiaa aas tp ®ix •ams? ,a'' -ja rVs? aaxi aia aa mp mpn ©ix •ap-'x aV -ja aiaa airVaai aaais ^Va p ©Van ©ax aaav -ja rVab » a x V i aV a^xa axox p idx ©Van •'aia ©xa ^an ©ix 129

L. i laynx.

III. §.8

The Text

76

Vtx man nm p noa1? vb m naip p npaxi -caa man V» »ox p nnoaVs miV VITX man nara rrn V a s n ]x nan p nnVVps n » m?»'' «Vi nira V a s o mti ab»1? i » niVap- xbi m s v1?» tm nain Vapi nnV?p 1 » p 3 niasm «Vi nax-p nici ntwp ^anx p o 'la ]ixn n-rb naripa p nenn mai» in« p pnp p 3 pVaxn pa 1 ? m n ]ixn ]xn mpn n1?»1? T» jmVa» p "•»oa xV n w a -pa® •ins x*?x n^x rr1? min -la-n n » i pr Vaa nb-n'1? -«aui •pup1? lan Vrn pVx nVnsn nnVn mn VH3 ltznsx jna pp p "jd mai» jnx 113» m x s nbop1? na-11 m p a ®bi msaV nm? np1? TTIX xVi Vap xbi nsra na» nVop m nan x*?i nmaima pVai w - i s a mn« Vop na mo»a

mba V»i -aoi

panirxi n m m m p nnoxi trVai nV arrnx

1

n»ix ip-'N pom noia ? mura p a rnn a o n rcixV n1?,i nmn na natr xb p u t » nnawn nVap «Vi n»-ix -dx V» p n-noai Vaoaa nain am miV m n a i rV» i27>7ap mawi n1?»1? nma rr1? VTTII a t p w n mm nnns mp»nxi

nbvb

1

xVn -pap anai -jaan "or m s V» nV»a -im ?! nsx nVi p a mV» nms» mnxi NS»- p nV»1? I» nma ^ » m xV T» p b x m a » f p a m a s n Van m V» D1?» vi3 mir man Vop p m n VapV m n pc3ia m o s p npa» mx m1? pp nai» ms 301 nV nn3m mxn man pVn a o m nrvo na» nm man3

na ara larra

iaan jiTa mn jxi jx'aia -ma n*?tsp nix man Vopi n®Bi ipn p i nVap1? ma nix nix Voa nan na-irra *?x p^o n noo

p a nV'n •>'? xin aan m x 3 nnno nan

1

»Va )xi "nVa-- nra»a nix ^ »an x ? Va» VapV nrasa n nao ]xi npm Vx nV Tni3i ,l?ia mxn nnmaj m r »Va |xi m x nnsp nix ^a»a m x mVa- ••Vr p 3 mn |xi m n p i m n p nV mx -[ona HBDJ nnanns ^napin n r n o ]x nao ^xi »t»i nVxV n3 ©»a- n3i» wi« i w xV n» n m ^ i x VaV n w nix 'Via irra ni'ao ]TH3i» nxT f ü i x p "isnn na»nrcn nVm m p pni n a na •^Dn'1 n , l ?i nwx p a i ' r n i xbi p pupV ^nn 1

pnxtPDia h 3 » t na3 pb^i p n a nwa n»na

1

xVsi naa xba- X*?i I ^ D mi ? nai ab Va n » T - s m i p r n p a i »ni xVx ab»1? »as? in111? W3 ns-'a nirVa* ^x mnptra «a •>31 aVa tnba nurVa- ixi wa ]xi ao |x 3V 3r|pnm nVna ana c a m ^ mm nitrba na n»ns Vx 'a» VVp nV nr»ai n1? ^ n s ixVx nsV n"1 ^pn xV nsnn nas i»na -am mn p nrns-pn mn nn n»no o»p n» na1? ^pn 3-1 T1V33 nna-pxn f»tan n-ia-o ranp n a » p a i » nnVn X1? xVn omaxb nanxi ma-a Vna nmbm "ltn VsV iVaa n nrcn nma nVmV m i pmo-Vm m n n» mmb maa nrnba"1? nmai nax n»o ^nx-iax am •nnx xbx nbx M1? na-N TOH nnmai m p pnn 126

i.e. ^¿c., Hoph'al.

127

Or

128

^^Vl.

75

Book III

III. §§.7,8

i o » p n jxatr p w a mnx -im» ì v nizra nm-ai? n x i nana Va ai? aap n i x VVm 124nm nam nnna ^nsxi nmti rv xaa nma a^n pia m n Va uai ^jxia Vx nats ]a 12=1501 n a n Vaxi nnaair Vam m n x xVa naiVa a m n'a ansi ns?-iï pax X*? na nanm Vna nnVVp rVs? man nna-ia p pan m a psn -jom nera t o t ma-ip1* xV nrnn xaa ja -raxnn ma njon xVi y a p anan na Va 'a» nV nx n^sra x-nn ®a:n nnnan naxn - p Vapn-1 nnna nax p n n a Vapn-n aVs?V Voprv Viap nnanaa nnaanx ann nan -iaxn - p -ip^n' mu naxai ion Tina n'a n*1 a-un p i -wip os? rr1 VVm •'»ipa rf ax*o naxn - p Vapn1 non VVnn p i p a n n mnx xVa naiVa •»aer p i Vaprn ntrai Vanai Van xin ©si o a VVi? nV •'VirT'I paaxi paia nV p c nmraa mnt VIT p "a pn-itra p a nninn nn-nsn -pVs? nax- xV TSJ nn-rai? nn" -|V ••asa nix xni vroa na mV nnsra ns?nx TT xV nnana os? -jan p rVs? pV pntwi xV ip© VVaa -|V îa^pxi mira inx )x nVVaa p a ps-n nsnx m p i nmm nnana p i Vapm p a nara mais? p x Va imn'' nmna V T X I naœp V ' a ® pair p nnan V w i nn1 ns?nx ipinm pVapn1 mais? p pma ipin-1 -xaio nais? ias? p nia ns?nx ' a i a ••sa nVx -a mnx uV ipim nas?i nmat va ino p nas? nnanai naxm i x maiva -es® xV nnana a» "pn nVn nVai naVnna xV nniaVan maa T W nnVVp ^na VVs? nnnax n a » x1? na •inx xVx nVx mV aVs?V is? aai-imi nan®' nr-V inai 1 •nnas? - p VVp paxi ntrra m n p -inrx anpa ininx as? aa® -mx np'x Vaa spVVaa -nn n m nnaam m m p pV ••Van nan nVm nnox p i •naipnxT nVaV -ain n*?a paip n a p n ]nias? p I22]KIU mos? ntra mais? m n u"? nma mra nVa înmn as? aa® -nix i22]xiis m a » Vs? na-11 aip-i nwa m a i s p x ias?n œix1? n1?-1! nmat p na-11 T Í O nnVn aa-i,i naupa ••in naaira n1 a^ci nna 'Vri nninn u s xnw |xwa pVna •wi nabva nnwa n a m HT •'la iVri n c a nna a y i Vvn HT pia inx Va jmaa npaa Vx nnVa mna -pis p -inai Vrn aaVa nVVp ao'i ps?-IT n r VVna 1 nnana -ion '! nairp pacri ninaa • , IT , I n^a mais? p x mai? V N twxV ''îx p a H O aal na®p V» aVs?i miTx xVi m a mnTxn nxnna npnœni naVs?a nnaaV Vap-n n o m m noa Va Van xVn pVna l'axT nViaa -"»ix V'-awa ^Vm nmat V'a® p 8 §- nVna o®p na-'a p pa^ap o-ian"1 naa pa^na TP iVaxi înx n®ix §-8 ns?-ix Vs? •ìatrx VVs? m n x n®nia nn'naV nV-a® 11V ®ixV pasx ]a inoa invi naa m x l . p u (¿>1). 123 MSS nom but see n. 126; Aph'el root - n D ( ¿ - i j ) . cf- n- I 2 2 125 J-^jnnjj (but

122 A

124

MSS

The Text

III. §§-6,7

74

l a a pianxi ins? hsxi p*i® •>»» pm m n Vs? aVvn mV -]Va an namVn ns?ain tiV naV »fana nm paizm xVi nV naa n na na» nas?n ]x -pV ^Wa-" xV s?as?n -|n-ip- nan •np-'x Va uai ns?ia tai -snpa uai w a a m m -|maa -ps? p i t a vr p p n nain'' xV ]x is? nsVa vin "jnDVx nai a i is? ms?î p nV , m »MnnanxVm innm -ro mtsa -"Vp -|ns?a»xi nar ja qV p s o "ai ^xi ,BT3p na'pxn nnaan mV® mn11 mnVsn nwa in ixn m n nV mVn nnvnx m nx'a" ns?a minxi vnias nnVaixi nam a»p nVxa oop - w a nnVanx Vna nax "Vsai 'osa p x : p n s nVm ^ a t s s aVa n n n *]Vnna «Vi nauV maa naVa m m pnpc nntra •inx xVx nVx mV -wxi tdïi nmVa'V 'ain nax nVns naix mpm nizm uns nVna n n n a uV b v n m p ünox ps §-7 § 7 •ixia m o s p o irra nais; p mt« naps?ai naVs?a latrx nVna -wa •ras ncra mais? nxn anpn wx nV'i nan ma m n max nnx ds? aas? i n « mn sjtiîx jxi ut npacn max -pna xao Vopa mn p a m n Vai nnasn nnxm •as® nax n»i max mis? nVi mna pnn -i©a aam naxa «]xi maxa mt w tV* • p m nm npi nnms? mV Vtx na» naana twxn nnans? jxn p nm s?as? nVx1® ntrsx nns? x'n m n m nns? mVsaV panpn xV moa n'as? Va1? nai n n p x s?t xV "jinx nnx nns? "io jxinns? •'Va i a x nVxn tma oswaa naup mp 1 xV naupV nnVina mai» Vsa x'n "p-ra nVa Vx x'n "pnx mis? ma'aa nncn nVin nam nnx ds? -jaTT nan fyu naaix nnx os? i b t t nasi nas? noix xVt roinxT nmrnos? ViVa p a 10 Vs? ipa i n s mVi nnVa m n Vs? pnno pVx Va •jana VVnm xaon xVi nnxirra Vx nanpa p -|-intxT -j-iaV nasn pm »ac? ^^ap Vtsaai nais Viop mais? |nx nai» xVn naVs? uV -ixV wV iais? "Vim innax pixn aps?' -iax p i nas? nnnax Vsai axn p Vdsi ]at Vaa nVVpa maxi nmisj ma -]aup m m naipa mnV Vanox nsra mais nxna ^i^nV nVVn m a a xVi a i niVaa mVai ht11? xnx nma xVi nmu m n nV nVn naxVa nVVai dVvV •nas?vT lais? Vaa rVs? onaVi naV xVx ]at Vaa n-rV xnx 1 11 p x p S7->T ma mp ^ b rr ? nirra mai» p x pixn naiv Vna VVaa pirsx n a x p •'na? xim nnx m a a ma'aa nmVisaa naam max nnaix p a aVs?V mais? xV tu nV anai nmawa Wm ns?na ^anx nai naima nao nai naT p pss pTjp Vs? nVm niaips xVi ntra mais? p x p pmns pVs? 'ixV dVs?V npnaa p a ^ap psi pnax p i nVx p nai noaVa nnai nnara mna •'snos xVix nVx mV na^i naiüi mon a-i Vs? nVuV h t j is?aV i n s wV 'xmi p m n p i n •nnx xVx 119

t^y-

120 So M S S

1

li-^ ->)•

121

nrr

III. §.6

Book I I I

73

ñaupa nan*1 xVi nu1? naiypV -oia xmi n s nVna m x a oipn nan

rwpaa nnVn ViVaa t o t i m roa -irron mx-iai nnmVx -ins xm -jn m

mnx

n a ï snVi Vi?V rvacn Vai maw ^ n Vai maaiai mnn ntrap pixi t n s a axia •mm "pup -am pr? mpn xV m m x pVx Va na- tii noan nsap nnana napn naia naatr jx nnaaV nVx mnan m n x xVx mío m x rrV "o -pV a^om i s n a ñas? Va t i naipa pa -»nn - p x pia *pn xV m m x pVx p -inxV iVîx nox p to m n Va to jxuj mas m m x pVxn nam -pVs nnVVp i a s n xV po naps?a xV ntr a nsro ma -pry xVan xV izra nana ••asn "|V •nxV xV n a i Vai V o d nmn •pVx Vaa -pnTX - p a i pa anpnn xVi p-ra mpn x i m ma "jmntXT m a i xm mVa yatra ]a -[map m a *pi n a -|mmn "nil •n na^i p-ip" p mV'V nVna pV rvVn n a n pxatV n©s: w

ns?a® nasa

-|nnax paœm nütrpT m u p n o n jx in p x "mi 'Vd 'x p ' o naii?a mraV on1' xV pmr nVVaaai naVna nma napx i V n a 'Vsa imV a m a x nmat m x •nrr m e n Va nsVn -janT xV a p y m x -|V m n a i n m x npau? 7V5? nais ias?i noaV p pmnn i v naa -nanx n a i n nais? n •an-' xVi -iaii •nVxV nanp"' m m Va naxai ma rnns nix

nmpD l a ma pa1 xVi Via nV ">mn i a n

natrn p V» nVnaV n u p t Vaa pnxao na t » pV nVn vamV airxn nVxb n x n a •xim ddV xV pxT ns1? na©V ao ma nVwai n"n nasVx •uaix nVna mnnV nia V î t nu iV ^nn tchdx p i •nipa®1 •'Tib nV^i niDV" •,aV m r s re m p i n "as? wa naw píos? Vv m p x niaVxi d w u oswa ntsa m s m r i Vna pan p n p nnVa m n nnas na Vanox nnVa-ixi nan"» nana -itsn ••as mviVi pn- -¡b ••Vi nixm n w nnVaix Vnai n»ac? nan' Vnai pnips nvatr; bv onr xV ns? nawa xVi VVaaa

xV latrx nVna pnVx

nas? m m naa naiy l a v xV pana nais-'a xnx m ,1 7 na

yni pn "jn xVi pair na

n w p pVxa n p "•n" nma i s pTp- ]xisa nnVn niarx m n "'mxnx naip niara -jma na

nbv ]xi iaV©a m^1? xnx na n a y nrin na-ia nVna ]dVx ^ n - n»

ats p nb

VxibtV i a nnx tsowa m n bv a V y xVi m i p s p pa1 xV nn^n

nspx l a y o m -[nnn Vaa -jas p i r mV mpair 'nm n n a •'innn xV »'a1? nnmvaw pVxa niVio nVx ^ mpawn -pV» -nxV xV mriV m n Va nVx -ptMXT Tin xVi l i a "|©ixt naa ntsirp D y xVx rVs? i a » a ] x h Vît p a V» -nxV mV •mn Va VViaa m-'is nixn dVvV ma 115

116

117

Variant of nmmx

118

.

III. §.6

72

The Text

ntra naV arcn mm p naxi -pn m u nV ¡¡nVim ü©p Vx1» mm ua n®a na-i irana ian n m p "pnxn i n na1? - p ^ ^Va Va --Vjaa nas? mas? p i rrora man 'ar mxi rbs naaV -ip® mais? mn ]ki mais? sin ao ^V-nx maVx mann V» -aia nmmxai -ima is an VVpa nam vss xim nV nas? n:x nai nm m 'bx ma Kim naaVi nnVa Vapa -nn mnpa®i s t xV xim n«ra V-asa -[V1 ]x nan Vrn imV rbs nts?a man nV na -pa sm xVi -pn imV int mnaan xV nm ma ^a Vrm a~i 'aiaa mxma "ra nwpa nV mua ,mVai na -pVaV s?a® xVi -pn mnain i n s nmV rbs mx maan ]x fpu VVaa VVan -ian ma 'a-na mxi naiBi -piB -pa iVvixi Wa* na s i t xV mn ]xi 'id jxinaa mnaia ms ntnx Ta n vVs? nnVVpi nia no©p 'oi rnanxi mVaV snv xVi nVVaa ina nan mn jxi p a x i nVs?V iasrv xV n n x i ma rnntx t o h b V»! nann 'Vu ro snp Vtia n a i n maa ^-ra ptwxa naipn nV mV naVva Va BaVa nrnBp naxa 'Va *iVm V-na maitz? viaa man 'nax naipn •'anp nV mV VVaa xin naa ]xi mnxa b?jx i V nV is nrna mx nc®p nan xV in VVaa ptr-r nan v n mx • n n a Vopm sin ) t x r ^ m nV |xi nV ao newp V'atpa -|Vn mV ma am nV Dannx n Vapa ain m1? m-'aa xVa mn ]x naina oipn ian p V» ]xt> iit1? nss p i n n "?aa mbi m n n a s i nnain n s Va D^a bbp nDS ]xi nnainn Vapnn ma am naina Dan tnx Vai nroa" bs* mV ntr^a n*?n naV xaaa ^naam na x"?x am mV p bx ST rbs dV» )ni rbs oVsr xV au x*?i i x j 'asr n s i ua ntwx Dyai ntzra Vx mp'X p mwxV *pnai ns?ia a'oai "nVa-a nm Vapxi h - nVwa mx nan r a 'n1 mai» p mn ]x na i^nm b^ imV )xi p V» Dipn

•nbvb is ipis ma nb mV Vrn 'aiaa na-pxi ~\b maxn na -jn moVn xVi »Va ]x nnaan p -as ian

•naipn rbs -jorn nnaan patm l a v i Vrn naim nnVVp n^n rbs nsna ]a mn ]x am nais? n1"? p n n nan w wa naup 07x1 n'ao vnxa nasaV oat naa na mx nasa *bnb os?aa ^3^» •naVsa p a i nV 'm xVi nrVaxi nan i^ntrsa nau na f^iVx xVa rnnpaci pn Dan1' xb ixn fVa p:xi paan1 xV pVa VVa1 ]x "ian ma ••ar nnxi ntsaVa ,n1' msVx snv nas xV imixi ü©pa -[V •'n1' -pap t i s d n i pmV o-an xVi "]b naip um1 xV -jVa am p n xVi pm VVaa -"nn n'VaV pTUOT nnwxa pnmai pna Tsa maop n^nn n^ma n'iisa ^Va pa Tnnn xVi li-iir Vaa p a -jaup --an pVx Va nTixa "tinn m m n-'aix mian ^ino maVxV •laa-'X pa mV xVn 114

S j i J ; D. 2, L . 1, 2 nxunsa, but D. 3 nunsa

j).

Book III

7I

NI. §§.5,6

-pa inn 1 ' pa Tap n n a s i onn ~iv na -pna - o n nray nVnpV "vaxm m n DV&a pr Va mn "]rvm -pan 1 ? nmm "paP naron nnVa xmi ira mxa *ion mn rrVa pVx *f?nn xV ^Va an yoia -1x1 -[-»ap na'px p1? manxn nnann -jry otrsn x1? -pxa na bo -ppinx nn11 •wpm qVnaa -jnb mp1 vb m®xa mpm by nVp ,l?nn xV nix "3-ppx ,il717 sin na aon xh> nam -¡a m- -pan 1 ? na Vx a i m bt prooa nnVn bv •pi^D'' nayn x1? Vsa nnxi npVn nix *ppaa -p-wx Vnxa 2?ban nx , i pa f 1 ? n,t? nran œVan x*?i -pa an mibD"1 nix maVxi ntîtrp Vtsam Viy nayn -pxa na by isnx , »an -\b noanx xV na -pxa aon 'ly -pxa naoi ]x vbv -pma mxi C^a nxn bo -JWDI nmm -pVa mpm -px ^poni jxi -paoax mx - j r a na by isnx nœVa ]x naa mho bo - p nayn nmni n x •prai nam ]xi -|nax -Via «py i n mxn -pVa ^napn ]xi Dtpp ]X,T nix bis; mas? xVi ntstrp mpa x*?x psx ,l?na nan -»Vm n ^ i nn" naxai nn1 -ao nix nntra -ab p i asjpn n'xaiai non xb ]X Vna nuaVa nnsx'y xVx npVoa nn"?a m n npair "b "o n a mai» Vd p nnno' r\"b -osa n a y N nso ma -ai "D na na naiw nia pis m xVi nn p ^ n s ym nayn* naiy •'DDn1 rr1? 'Vis n ^ a xVx nVx n,l7 nam T'en nVmV p i n nbmV m i 'inn na Vn nasi naxn p •nnx §•6 a i manaa f r m nm nVnn -|sti bo bspi jpop T i a psiaV ••m itnsx p i §-6 •nVs?1? poon xV mai na rrynxi nna-i nnba mn n irn ni^Van1? na» nos pnn maix nnVa m n W n Vpa p x nay bs naxi - p i a n s TWO n n s i a i yatrn •>»» wxV xVx pn,l7 nrv 'nob ^ a mn n,l7 pianx pai pn" "ay )xisa pVx xVa nipairn xV nvn bv ipa" trVa"1 nai ^noa nVx"© "itsn xb oirp Vs? Vxir" Vapn na nnn xV rpi Waa VVa1 -iai nam Vapn nipawn xV w a V'awa 'sre nai nap-1 nas nnax Vs? nVsa niVapn x1? n^a vnvmb in VVaa p c i a i nain n n r xV nnasn p p i naup paar i a i n^atr p nson nn ddh xb nam mpV xV pVa VVa-' i a i n n rbv mxi nVatr p mts nnwa nspaV nta nai p a n1? nn- p nssn xin -jn S?T XV n s mpaa mp"1 nai ntsirp Vx mts rVs? in vri paan11 na n narr xb i a i ,s?t5 nipawn xVi ntsirp nanx nasn xV na -pnsrr nai mnx nix its? xVi yaw nsnnxn pVx p nnx r\"b ]xi mix aoi ntswp bv nia^px n a y nais Vd bvi nV ^ai nix naVs? nVi nncaV uV mp^i nnsna p •"isn'' D^p ]xn nnns nix 'ai ^VTia m1' xVi la^ix n 1 sawi nwp by bmr -iai NAY nV na DDV Dip-' mma iVa xVi 'Dt in1'1? ••»»'• xVi nowp nV ,l 7ri iota naup a , p , i i a i ma n^ai"? Vxw na nyiD p 'lo n nVy1? nyas ma Vapa mx x*7i nmaai rma nwiona 113

JJ^.

HI- S-5

The Text

70

p x Va nann pnxai nVüp pnxai ns?r pnxai nam pnxai nnax pnxai ns nix p pna» na V» npan i n s irr»1? nD©p "ra® »^nxi -¡au rv -id pnxa nan mal asn r p r asn apsr asn ano tox asn pns1' asn diV asn annax asn m dsi nrr pnp'i pinn« na asn nanpa p"am pasp an« o» nasn na Vaa rwn oVax pyjs ms? ap»,*7i nniao'x p 3\>nin naa pmr as? p i nnoaa pasp annax m o toxi üV? na 1» V» npan i n s i n ^ i rrxbv n^ao pbxV xVw pninwx x1? pnmi p1?» p-m naVn aVoa apsr1? xa pnxa na aiana -j^a po pVi -f»p pixn nn- pa^ax ws pani p b rnrnai nVm nanaa noam nnbv awp miaai na nsj-itbi n1? laV® nxn Vai xxiaal xaiaa nnoai nnVi npa1 uV nanai nron nmaai p prroo jxi ma1?» nna pnVxa pnx nn-awa nn- pntsn ]N nn nna nn nnna •tvj nnasi m o naonaa ana no»p p i n© paia ono nwx nais? ^a nütpp "ra® nasrn nbia-' xm an pon na rr1? nma ns? an pn nas?iv ]x nv prnna p ^ i nrbin •m® nVnai pon na rr1? nsr nais? Vaa pas?p pxi ntwp anp1? notrpa t m pnno p" npitsn nbop tppn nais? nsnp m1? -o na iV>n no nVnp nx maxa ms? nmaai nnasn nan *?a "jnnm na11 ^s? nasp na nnaw p x Va nna» i a s i mim nnaxi nnan xV ••api na i^a s?api mnais? pVx 'as nmai nVxn n^na pan pia'oa nmrxi "tv aV» p •jrr'Va xVxi npwn , Tai -jna Ta ^ m n }X ns? anpn xV tra Vxi na"?»a \nn -oaa "pi -pa -proi naix nn" p'jirna -[na-'pxi noaV aps? p a i -»xrim pnn p a -o -i^a mp1 innaxV nanx nai nbuoi ©np asi p ^ s h p t Vaa nann pT Vaa rh nasnirn nmnVxV nson nVmV naiwi "nn nani n n uanxi nan iwxa nn' »atm nWaa ]nx Vv n»na mp-' pjpi p i r s i pia» in' pnsn p,l?s? nnp'x lan nan n^n xVx abnb aip-» xbi nma n,l?n nbx1? nacn •nnx xVs nVx wb nanxi nVnna nam pV nn:ai rannV mna xin n w a nnn p nnVa nnn ^s? p x nas Va pna ,, i nnan mnn ^Vna mnx nn'Vn nmnnrx mnaV n©an pan pp*?n nnos? n:nox ^nn Vxao x*?i pa^ xb 'oon xVi n n n' Dam •nVVaa p x nbn nmax nancr nVnpV pnm miXHV pnm n-x^iV nnm •nn na p,l?v nVx nnnn nnirairn ]a nasn' naa rpVn •'n1' x1? mnaVn nnirran p ppVna »nxi »nx Va uV sjVon p*7 nai ma Von Vsn mnai n*?aa xVx nsiVn npa»n «Vi nnais as1? nnx VaV naeirsn n'pVn p p1? amnx nai ^xnar ao Va •in rV» •'n,i nnnx V r nv -|nana n p w xbi nna an1? p ba^a xVa na-'aa nnx üip1 xV naan «pinn ]x nv hdVtixi xm i n n-'x^oiV n^axm 1 1 , , •n ? "nx ? xV p bx npynn aa© -|nann nnnx n i trsi naxaV laanV •'m ^na 'is xam xV naw Vaa nVsn iV-n *7aa nsVxi xm i n Vanox n-sx-nV nanxm •p bv 'in 'ja aom imn Van Tns? ^ s nnnn xVi Vn

Book III

69

i n . §.5

nx na - p paanoa mnam mxi •'map -pi -pa -pup rv nam ns? ^nam xb npn* •mnn pbx Vbaa psav nx p*?TX px nnna naa notrp -ran paVna TO nax in onnax latrx nbna VVaa n a satn "X1" mm n a 'aVap na nais? |a naan naa nVxT? n'am wiVs naspi nwVa nV ms?a htV nVai ma nVa rVs? nViib nnxma -x1' ]xiao nVna n n V n pan11 ntsipp p n aanna n a «»nmniox m n n n *b arvna nninn anai nas?na nnVaa in pmr "»rnwaxi nnaoa "na Vx nrsa jxrio p nnraa -»nn ,m17X Von ncraa nnptrV mispoi maw p nsanwxn nnanai mn nVn mpnoi nana mn r\b nai m a s nmaxn nsnt Von ^Vnna pa-pa n*?a ^n-1 nV rwan®xn nnxviatzn nV nnnnxn Wpna •'m nnana nnaai "»VVnna ntmp nnai nnx Vaa nnaai naVsa «pa x*7i pai1? nas? xVi nxn paiV nx1? xb , n i xV nnais? p xa& •"m nnnna nnai mwoa nsrn lVopnx pa^an pinn x*?i n a n nay pai1? na ias? m n pannaxb psVnn ]H paVon nnan nnm© nxn na payp np-x 'raa pnxi pa-ap "2nanxi pnxi pin na©p 'aam paua pinna na nVx panp1 na ppaon x1? naraa nnp-x paua •'at nVxi p n,l?i pats pnxn pna'm ,t5a"' n'Vi a» bo paoa Vrn pna parp •pa pVaxn naa p m 'Van psn p t Vaa nmnV m a a p a b m i pna» pnxn na Vaa pnx maxa f p r pV naia n*?na bbaa Via©-1 bo as pWaa nnaxi fpv iay nae nan? p na» nnnn na ^Vna ^ p w a a mn1' xV nan? mas w a bx pnx p pB' xVi nw na nw 'nn 'Vsa na mnn nnnx1? po"1 Dnnax na»n nnais? p 1 nmav® pns ' p ^ x r x p nnanaa ^nsn nan ••onnx noinx na nai nnnx nn* ntnn naa omxn |xn d w aps^ nm na noi p nnss owan nnrxa aip-1 naw pnarn xV nnnx 'aiVa n a pnxi panm pna ianm no»p n a n pix pVx •paxnwa pn1*? naiai nV^m pnn'' r a m n mann nantrr nVx1? osaa nnnx la-pxi lats-'X p»ix -»a nnx lats-'X nVna la'ix maxV a^a n n s x ias? p pjsna pn^V nxinira n m -jn pwnai panai pnasnwa pwix inn1' pn" m ,l 7i p x pnnax nais? mai D»pa nVx bv psnnna lanpnx pV pana xVx no®p 'ratz? pn bob bbi --m er>a nais? p Vnn mx nnxi Tax pV na paVn1' x1? pnas? nVv •'n•,•, inVsx nbna aVs nnai nnta Vaa naxai VVpan oaVai pjwm naxa •nmaa p msi maxVa p onsnn Waa p n a n*?ai p a x nbna p i na ttnpx •'Do-' nai naisa n a a by absa tVi 'anpa nan naw nax nmaa •lanpa 'aw "o aaywaV xsr xb ^a -Vna n'ax mpns pnxa ^ iwxa nasnwxi -]naa n'nnx nVnp nx pnax ms? maxVai 109 variant of nnrio (Sj*«')L- 2 TianKi.

110

111

L. 1 t]Vnna.

112

D. 3 nanisNi; L. 1 siansv

68

The Text

III. §.5

nnmaj anp p i n nnp-x nrn Va

nman m p na»n&ii p bv nV ma j1? m a inn

•p'1?» •'m-* nai nsnx p mm m aw p mn jxrsa m o » nn"?a mn nnas nasi max Vpa m x p mm -pno p mm naspa1? nmu pana mnn nsna p m m na1? p mm p i p n onox p m m p m m -p'raa ^xi -|manna paispn -[nano 1 p mn *?a -as Vxner ? nasnxn na iVVa miaa p m m max1?» p m m pVvn •nsibx mana naan W a a nVVa pbx ntna 'lawn xV ma jxnim nnxao nsixai ao aVn np-ia -\b nix m a x maw 11V n o s a -ppa©x -p1?» nonx -in ix nnai nma i s an p-iwn -pVx mm yVw p -pin p naox jxm Vrx jxn naxi ma 1 ? Vxs? na pp nan r\sm na •,»d na"?s? |x r 1 ?» nVt?a mxi *?tx nwna ]xn ^a mVaa nnnoa wb snx1? snx p m o v t •nma ns Vrn p a -na mpn nx nnrnaa -x nxnaa naio p t bo mwai •np-x p i Vaa -\b npsai -jn-' nbaoi mx m a x nsnxi -pVan ]x ii? nan laan -psxa ••'»m n-pa ma inmss 1 ? nmon npatwi x1? -pvi1? mbi Wpai tibd n,l?i piai -ssa n-Vi nssai t h n^i mtrxa mpm nmna p y?pna p i VVpa oipn xVix nrona imaV anpn xVi -pi -pa -]©D] naix anna bv p n o naaipnx nnana nnxi nmmbo oipaan nV»1? Vapna im1? ma n^on p a ppa-' iba' x1?! tvm na Vs? nno p-aaoa n r i xm -jn nVVaa -jnaan uon m » nVVaa nsna as bVai na1? nw nVnp oy nbVaa p nsnxi maw Vrba id i1?

•pna« t a a mVaai nsnna p-ra nasp nmw p b p naia lam "«ananvm mon x1? "[Va an s?a©n nVnaa -psia ntspi n-snx nab1? nax nsna -a ^nn1 nnax nrv x*?t vVs? Va- in ,1 ?i nxi - p -ix1? xVi nan mwxa paip-i nba •jn -janx -|ia a m x npwn nn-a ^am napx ]xi -jaa nn" iw^nn-n i V n a xV y b v ^xVi tiV Vrm an ynVa p n mnm »o^sax panxwsi p wpaan nxi naxn vim nnxira naw p nna •'nn xVi nnxn-n nt:m nnxsra p -pup -isn m a » "jtrs: mam -j1? naxn -|n maV© ion -ixV ]na -jam -oxn bo* -¡rcVi t m -jnVx mn1' m nnnn ]x -pa trVa na nax p i -jmn nom nona ^nn naits naisa

-lb nob •mVa pbx n s m nzbb n»na nax iat nva psia piai -jiai •»nin -pan n»iaa nxi -jia px pVt nana nx nab nnis? p-snaa n-ax -[Vnai nmm nwsn nn-u -isa nxn "r-sx -|©n bsb -tjoa -jnm •'n1' ns Vaa iVa ^navi p x a -jnVaxn nVvi h w -jV ' d t •|»n, p mxma crn nxi pipnai L l » 106 So spelled in MSS; = -wjjj. 5T3K ,yan, etc. (= >-Jl>l).

105

107

Or p a i s ?

108

Usually wrongly spelled

Book III

6;

"I. §.5

ns? pV nasi mVa "ana ©IN sat? n:XN nntsa1? 'Va D - I D I nas nns , i pixn nip-1 p Vs? npan "px rnvV pb nax nsmn vr xVi mVaa n©a p i x i na1? iansx j?»»-1 •mm IMX *?a nas?n na nas? 'x s?a& n1? na s?aw ^x nV nans |a n1? nanx ]a m x v m ma nV •'ix1? irr1? na kjn EVa1 xVi nsna sin na v t ns? naVs? is1? nmsax nas?-> nnxa1? - p x rvVi nxm mn na ••as nV na-m nm1? n a w a wVa na nas? naa nnp mp1' p a x p i m o a n s nVn nmaima »rn m n nnanaa -"isn ^ asp nai pin maxi nVx nnnx n*?a naxi VVaa "nm nauVi nVnp1? naia VVaa ^ B I pixn •nnnai nsa 1

nas?n x ? nan TO n o a noaVa n m t r a m nan Vai VOD nas?n ma) nrix ntsaVa N U paxi ns?D VvaV nsoi man nan Voi nam nVss? nas? I"?TX *?DD -]V psa nrnn-i ••osa in nrca nan mas'? nan p a i nan n*?xi p i s nmas?1? 'm xV ns? pas?p mtsa» TODS? n n noa1? iwn mn nas? ]xi "paup m n DS? ppa®i pnxara'? X1? ma jVn nas? VR mas?1? xbx TBX XV "a pV naa mais? p ]N iaani s?n®aV nina n nai •,n-> nsa nai oa© "?a Dan n p^s? mar rrxaps?a p'ax aps?' na'a Dip-» Vs? p a s •'ni s?ia»a -m --x nais? nx naipa pxa n a f7-i nnTas? Vna pnaai pan pxar pnno nnVn xmi mso xm p x nas?nn x1? ]x Vnns nnnnix -j^b-' 'a1? n m nos mm1? nsaa n17iD,l7 n u pTsrp jxa nninai nnrasi nmnVx •'ir DVB? I1? na'px mp'x iwants mx b-'na r,V an np^x n^ia 'a nwpa nainn PX p ppsi p^i p^Vs? "nn p ino i1? m m i n DVS?1? pai NM N Van Va s?aiwi nwa n a n p pup , ssi nuV mpn twx1? nV^ n s a mpaa nips p^a nan naxT -|n poa-1 p^si n n n n-aina -Dnoi dVt pbm pxi dVs?1? nsaips xV |x pr nmpaw xVi pnDnx ns na ispm 'snon dVt -prss Vs? onx oiVV ipDX na n'axVa iaan 'i nrupn nmn s?tn n^x ipns f? •'n1' ns? px pia ns?an mux *7X noa -tv Vim xV mp'x p i pairs x1? nmi pes xV nsa v-mi laVira nr' wVai xm -|n nran na s?ns s?ia •'n1 mVx "ix naa p i Vaa pp*iD n r a i ns'ans ]ar Va tmas x*?i p 'ss -jaV pawn xVi ^VTX aiana '»a msx ponx naa pisp n^psi jV ao n na '»mi p m n s?m -jna p -jau pmn xVi "p ^ a -|~ia na -pBS1? ^ai naiana nnTsn nn*?aa pWaai nxap nnVa pVona px xn p a w ]xn ns? pa-n Vapa in"11? xb n^a ••mos; nVx xnp na nvia© VaV Vnna VVaa psas?-' p a pnVaa i°4psm ara p paan p ^ na nan pai na's na p x pnax 'nsi noaVa nVa Va bs? m r mn xV p ao ma xVx pa ^ a im1? pa v b i p a na na s?ns s?na m1? ]*? ^x p,Vas? 101 5*

III. §§.4,5

66

The Text

r a x "73 s s p s n 1 ' i n p a ' j a n n r c " p n a x " i n a ' a n s n 1

1

Vaa -io n , a w u a

nnana

1

- n o n x ? - p i t rr "ion m c n " p s r ?

na1?»

p V x n n s n x Va rr - p - n b a n 1 ! n ^ x u n p u i n n V n a

n'aw

1

1

1

• a a i a ? p s n ' n a m a ?» ? p a u a m n p a n b a x i nbxV m s

p"?x r n a n x x V m n p a i ^ « p s i r n a w Vs? u a x n s n x ""is V a - p m

panam

p a n a b a p " nais? n a » n V x n a x n n a p n a V a p n x i T i n V a v V a p V j x V x

*?txi n a n a nrvm

p a n^a

i a n a p a V a n n n a i a n a n n~ia n m n a p n i r m a i a pa'^n u i n m

p V n i m l a t r x p V n a n V a nos? p i n n a V n a n a - p a n x i a p s r r c n a n v i » a ® i x a V n^aj m a t n

nnVaa

n a n a n-nü px1? w o p a w a parp n a n nnVai - p n a V p a a idVjd -non

niasini

n a V s r n nas? p a n n a x i

n a - Vs? » t » b

n»p

na

n®a n a i

n s i p o p a i V "•n"' m p - x n n , l 7 i a n a i a V a x •mo 1 ? m a n ? - a a i a a p n x i p t V a a i nVxV p u o

1

prixi n - w w "aaia ? p i a o p i x p i n p

n a r V nn"?a m n

p n x i p x a o p i x i n - a x *?a V »

V i ) 1 ? piaT r f ? x p a m a p a ^ v « p 1 p a n n a x n n n b x m n 1

n ö ® p *?v l a n x p a W a

n a a pan"

1

nar

1

- p a - n biVa ? m a i u ü ^ x V « u - n a r

nviVx

-inav«»

• m n pai1?

98

pxrr

1

m » p n n x - p a r v a a r n p ' S n : v Vs? p t V a a n b x ? m x i - l a s r w x n V n p n x §-5

§ 5

1

n n o a V V x a o x b i p a * n o n x ? i ^ a a n n » a a ? n r i a - i a V nVtsp - p 3 3 - r n * ? r n i n t a -xVtns? "nm a n VVpa m p n p

- p x a V a a m a p m n x i nsra: n a m ^ V a a n

- n a n x - p a n o w p i r v o a n x * p a n r n m ' V a "j1? n V a i i n r n

,

j a p

n n n n ' x m a V a "-ra

n p a i n a r r nas?s n n a n a * ? m n m a n m ® npatr? m © "]a n n w a i r m

n m a r -jjai

1

D ' n V x i v a D T n n n n p a © r - a t a a v n a V m n x ' a j o n a n p a ® -inn ? n b t x i

ncmai

n a n a t a r p a i x i o r a - D n a r » n n p os? n n ' ü o i ns?a n a ~ i n - a i n a w m o "?x n a b m ^ n

^wnp1? p a c n p a

-jVon p a n a n n x p a

" « « p n a l a s n r i np-'x n x - j V o n p tfixa

n a s i

-|aisn

-jm iaa

,

n-ac ^nnax n p a w nmn©

isiiaV n - a o i n n a i nmn® m n 1

n n r m nnxtsa ?

'ba xmm

n a - a t s a •'nn p a

'»nxi nan

x'm m a

1

'mx nai» ]Tx

oanm

n n x i n n a n a p a i r n x V 1*73 a n - p a p n n V V p 1

nxi

"f? "x- s?air> xVi s>t> x ?

imip ann n a

- p a p n n a n a n x n n V V p - ] V a n n a i ' x n n a n a "jVan n a n p

m n

n'' x V b a 1 n x i n a ® - p i n x p a w n n 1 ?» 1 ? V V n a

1

nxi

,

n n a i a a i a i n x naVs? •'xat ^ n n a x n ^ x a n p n n -p ?» n x ? x V i -]*? nrv' 7 ' a n n o a V x 1 ? n a n a c p a p n a n n x n n a n 1 ' i s p i a - i a ' n n -¡"»V» -nx 1 ? n , 1 7 p V m n 1

1

1

x ? p V p a n n a n V x n n o w p ? p p a c n x V n a b s a ^ a i a •'n ' p a » a w T b n a a r a i p ] a n n n V i i V i i o n nV-n 1 ? n u

-ja n n s a i

m a x V • ' a i a '•n ,

]ar V a a n n n a i r n p

Voai

• i a » pVs? n a a mpai m p s t w xVi ^ n b 96

MSS -OKrr (root ^n). n. 67, Book II. 100

97

L. i pan"? (= ^.jJ). L. 1 om. 102

101

98

J^Jr^.- So ]aa = pJb.

ntn 99

See

Book III

65

III. §.4

m n nVx© nwan n^x 1 © Vaai pV nun1' prinaxb s a B x n n s n x rp p n - r p i x n paan ••tot pnaan p a pn 1 ? pbsr-n pas p^aai n m r r x1? na n o a m n s n x pD^nb n * ? « ^ pniaVa na n"?x W a n n n n x p » T V n a nnVVp onp narm nnana n a v m na itvji nbx ' r n a p-aan iVtip axntra l r r h n nan m p n s p x a iVa p j x n p s n i x i naa

nmat p - p n s mn o n x i na*?v Vnaa p n K i m t i n na aps?1 man n n i ' '

m n nma t i b d -in"' np-'xa m p ' nraa nna naxVa n v i c nai nVx1? n a n n p i n x n n n s n nVx1? m x i h i i t w n r s : -noxa xVn nax p i -pns? m n m n a i ntsx n n x a n a m pVs? a^n p Vs? pV a n ' na Vs? i n m x pa-r n s n t p •'»a nVx p i nrvus nnaa r r p n r nan n a r a n n a i s p x a ns?a n i s i nVx np'x iaan p a to i v m a i s p naiv p n a s n p pa'aao p ns?am?a pa' 1 ?» n n o m n a i s n n pVx pnasr p n n a x n m n p n s r a pmas? j x i

pa*1?»

n

n n T

v m pa-'aaa p p n m o n n r o n a - m a

ppawn x*?i nax'p p x ptwn xb p j s n n nnana p i p a ^ v --nn nxioab pa-'aasa psa® f ^ m pa n r i nnana pine-' - p nam p s a pxi ••»a

n , 3N

nanpa r b v tnxV

rp1?

m i m x pa&in

ntswp

-0 v b v ••imV na - p n © a m n nnanan m a n "iV

ns? Vpa 13357*' n-'nVxm d i *?pa n a x i n t r a ••iV vacn naox nnana d i d "jn naana n"?p pQJi n®a nan m a i a s matpa u1? bbv na p n x V m n p i nVnp Va p^aar •Da n a i na® bapi VxnttP ^a n ' panan p a v i a *?xi p n x "?x ttn n®aV maina paa pya© pVnai nVnp1? - p a i nan n V m a nVp n-1 xVm m i a n p x m n b psai m i a i •nmtsa ^ia©n n n b m wa1? 7a •jnatp-'i p1? nan - p m n*?m pwaVi 93mm -pna 1 ' t r s n x i n i ' a T nn" n n -pmi v b v

n n s m noans i t s : p t - V x v:q mn- t x 1

• n r a "a-ina p t Vaa n n x i n V x m r n a n n x na na •naxrwa xV nan laVa -pVx vid mn1' xar p x t t i d p n x m n na np*?n n x n '•n, p ats napyai na*?va diV® "f? n t n nnana ^ - h s t mat nnnaxV

na 1

m n p nVnp "?a s?asr ns? nVpa nb -jaa m n n r a n a

na n"7 n y x i n"?x n ^ m nao nbnp nx nas? Va v n v r i s nVx n n s o "

mn , , 7 cnp oa pnx m a x Vaa na n m a n m p - x "?a s n - n x i - ] T ^nxVan p n n a r i t n xb m n x p x V i m a n a a pVna i n a i ip^xa D n s a a i p o n ]nax

panVx

aan miV paiV m n o x xVi p a ^ n x iaVan ^aan pnVtsp bma m - V p n ^ a p n x i naVs?i m r ' v i s a pannni a1?® a1?» xb i s o a -anna naxV noan m man panann t n paia n c n xVi nVxb ••nT na mi1? p n a s m ns?nx paVam n n a aDTi" 1 paia bx nn 1 m©i m a p n : r nps?i noma x i m nax1? x n x na o m a x man n n w pVnim »aim mvnD m c i n n u n n s i naV

n*?x nan T a x nV na n a v wVai nnana

This and subsequent passages are commentary on the Aaronic Blessing. (lion). 95 D. 3, L. i CTD-I.

93

94

HI. §.4

The Text

64

nai«i "pia«i man« nV«i nasa oniaxV nnVn j x a i a i jxaia mos? p x i inai pn:rV nnVm - p i r M "aox •••UDÌ - p i a x i n a D nsnx

Va na "Diari

p i a n i mn apsrVi mm i n a i a i nsn« u Va -jsnn p i a n i m a pn:p m nnV« •naVy ,«at17 nsa® nx nnai« u 'ra *p m ' a » ViVa Vai nnaia nar pa-'Va anaVi nira n a i maai ñas p nnVm nai nnaia m m pi"? VVa l a a pan' " p a i TO noai nœa pm -pai mapa •iana«a ioansi D i m m paaV n a i n a i «Vi naiaV «V« n a i «V n n n a i naiana p « p ]«n p nn' v a ® nVx1» •naa p'm in«a s

i a « i -jn poana nmo Vai «in «V« nViaa a p aa© n o mn «V "o la'a« p a nao m o ' a nn« mai ao n nni "Dio nniv ma« mai npvi© nmo Va naoi o'nVx ma n nnxaoaV ®sa na i a « «Vi na noa «V nViaa ' a i awn m n aps?n« nnaia m«i nnimVo inxi nrnra® inxi nnsas niawa inxi maxVa n i r a i nm i n a i nVxV nxna i p ' x a naVsi inna ns? Vaa mn"1 i p ' « in«i min in«i œVai m «n« mn Vaa sVVaa m n « p mn i a i ©ip Va nrV iaaa imp i n « m a s i Va' «V "o nns'ai ^nnana Vaa aoai ma na mV smp nVna lau? lasn namp •jm aipn Va p a x p «au ;¡nVan min« Vai oan «mi xao in«a -oí i a v •jianxi p iits l a s n x p a i a « n na D'pa p nmaa«i l a s «m p nVia i a « i i a mnxa «V« iais?

mV "jx-api p a i paan p a -pan« p n n a i ]«n rVs

mn«V «n« is? nnaia iopi - p i a « i nV lanx na i n nnrma -jVm amaxV pïî n a ï a a l a x p i mVa p n «pr naïai aps* TISI pns"1 u s i a m a x naïai naïai nnVm npisaa mm na^a m n n©a nai mai p u i s }«aia nœan u s i n s i « mm i a « i mtp nm iaw«I n r a i paan oma«V m a n « i nmnVn p s i TO n o Vispa nar ^paiam v o moa ntra n a i maa i a « maw "aaïaV paia V i n - p i t "»mi nV paan pam - p a i •'n'" i a nannV m n paat «]Vs pamai pa-'V» *}ÏT n-aw 'aaïaa p i pnaïaV n»a p i a x Dma«V m a n « i nnsaia ••nVn pV« laVai nmaima •nmio i n x QTinna p n n •saw i n » x'an p n n m o a pV ]xn p nm sairaV panx nV«1© naia Vano« x'n i n , a» ap» 1 I Ï m p nVx m a x i naia Va inV«^ ia 1 !« i a « p i no xi n a « pV i a x i vaa nxi na nx D'nVx " | i a i l a x ^ n x i -]Va s?api na pina ps?iîVi pV xVx p a mxV n a i a npsa xV apr-V m m pns'V ^xi nmaxV pV «V« nnoa pV nam i m «V nVna pV l a n x na -"ss nsnxi Vna v i i maxi ppiöaV prV xnx i a nmn-'Vc n i r a nœa n a i nna pV i a « p i pina pïitVi 91

D. 2, L. 2nrmnm; L. 1 nnnna; D. 3 nnm.

92

63

Book III

III. §.4

nWaa nrr bv iVxnirx nai nnana man n *pv Vna pin VVaa mux ptwxi pyaur nrr msnr bban iVVa na bv pb max nnnxn man n Vna max nman man *pv mn jxi nina n r V m1? naVaa nVn nama nynxi -pna r p r •nnca 'V? on»1? xin p i -paVi rn®1? r b s nanx xV pjanr nr 1 ? vnx Vai •jn rwnb 'ana sin nrvwa uV yanwa nVpi Wan inn nai v r "p via« pnxi •nVrn naana nana nam nan nmax nEr pyap nVnp *?ai bVaa t o moa m m vib uim mia'o nVxV 'ma p i Va naymn ma -p1? , an , i -[una Vm la^x vnv nVx1? 'ma maiy p i naym na Vaa nraTi nyo 1 ? nVa naym ]xn ny pana c p x mWaa nn yna ^ya nm:x naan n"?a nnm ^xVam ixmx man mna Vnr bbnn n a pya pxn nxjn na mVn ntrsn nnm parci nc»p n ]xn -pna •nnwn m o na p a p 33riDn xVn f a s pxi nnVVp nan "N nnana nan mVaa n®a mm p p Vy npas f? •'X'' xin na yni ny nnanan nVVa )*? nanx x^i naaVn nVVa jxVx pVx nay -paaV paip1 pVx a'na y a p na n p nx na pon na m1? laVir -[^ai ny mVi na» m -pa1? paip' p"?x nax nVnj -o p pVna pnVx "Vai pa nxin na mVa nnana ••nai rnnn *?y paypaa nrcn na mxi1? p n*?np by nann nana p n nyi maa1? -ppa1? nay nanaa naynxn na Tisn Dann -\b au nay by nnanxn pa-> manixi na na p a p ana p a an |ai nVnp na ^ m i nnnn pan pasn-1 , l 7ai ]nax pna nan nmao-'X Vai pap ana naps nava DIMI na nai ]a nmbss -Vaa xb nmamx 'Vaa n©a nnnain naiy n ^ s mpa in111? nnana n® naiana pN '»a nx nai TUT ao nxi •p)a,i nax p i aioi nana n^nna am sawn xb ox mm laVtri np-'m nana mnani sawn saw DN mm msp mpaa p x u1? na» p i nnDa1? ^apa nana mpa r y Vaa nVx Dann p a mnam txa nxium nay m -\~\2b p i a y nVs t a x p a nnVVp - w i nnana Dip naipa n'pxi pnnx xVai nVu1? pnri nVxV 'nT na pnay ny paraaa nax p i nraa mnxV pVy" nan nava pya pxi p^aai mam aVtto a m 1 m nyji pnnaxV n a n nrana pons p bv •um-i pn' n'anai pV'n nn©a nan n n na p1? ••m noanx pbn nan nnVVp 'ap nanaa pntra pxn nanx p a pnVaxn na bv nmxmx p panai •np-xa na*?ya ,,mnr na na I'rnxi men xV mai p x nxmaV niw nVbaa ©n by m m naam DVB ynaa nnana mm na nam f? •'X"' pV niyn naa p D^pxi pnaxVn nn^ p® payi np-'X Vaa pa^axn nan naVaV ramnxn nnana x'm nnana ,1?B max nmxmx ViVa Vyi pV poo nVma n pm nunx nVnn lyairn ]ara pnp1 na nai maiy ViVa bv pns , b qxi nnnaxV •yawaV payp nay Vai vo na^xi Vvn maysn pnax

HI. §§.3,4 in-

8 7

The Text

n a V twx na nvr 'X nTia an11 nnvs -"X na» ^a''

62 88-nnx

Vaai in"?«

nnirnn nina n p H "-mata |x rnax ]xi nnxbeaa an" Vxníra ais11 bo n a x i p nVVaa

i n s e n n©x i n r n naxn i n p n nnri p n r DTinni-«» nnamp

inVx mn"1 •uö n1 ina 1 ? Vxnw Va ss-Vsraa nax na i n » n i x i um "jn nxn© tt ^ V x sa-VxnEr Va 'jsraa nna^aa in'' ^ a x n ina1?-«9 natn n n p 1 ? Vanox ••Va n m nVna nax n pb h d •'nn paan ©Va-n bnia

pa-'pa n a ninx1?

p n nV naV ^ i j t ns p n nem nnana -inca dsJ m n n n bv aap Hb na1? §4 §4 pas? pxn nTninn1? p c xV nxnai na rrb ]x sm n'aip n ^ a *?x -jaV a-wx t » d vt pnax ] n m nnVn nxntrxi nnx p*?o iVs m a n p -ms pia m e n s xV naanx nxnai na n^n inaan p a nnx naiv pVnaV pn Pix Voenxi mx nnanx bbib na V n a Vxnsr VnpV rintx p i nnana -inxa mp- xVi a - r m n Vx p c Va- xb •pa nnn- x1? nxnai nnrxa isa nax n*?xi vsira nxnai p mpn m a ^x r n r n nVna -in^ n x i na nmnnx n p rana »asn i a » p n r nVna nax nini iina i a » •"•irr naxi "¡am pVxn nVia' n w nax nVu p i uanxa m a » p^s? Vxnttr aratrn bai nrnp"' xVi nas?n®n p a pVan n'rn1? nas?i nopoa n m bv na'pai moV1' p 1 ? "ana p b x irnva-ix pa pa»p ]bian pixn pa» i n p x i inn nan n ,l ?a bu. ntvr i w x a r a i p m n nasnn xV nVna nntai nasa nma diq-1 '»a laixn na i»na an"' na na s?a© na naDa Dana m n jVian nn»tV xVi nanV xV n-ox aoj w 1 ? "at p a i m n "ai l^iat l a x n i n n i n a ]xn nan a p y n»ix Va "dx Vs? nnaan n'ioa ias?:v nxT naxT i n npioa xin i n oan n©a nan n^an ]Xirso •'V-iu x^n n s r na' •'Vnn i n im xn "10y 'a n ,l ?ai pnaj nn® pjx i n i p a n ]xn p bwvi in^piaaa piai n n p n a •'••ai nnana ñas bx nax p s ü j nan t a i osa m a n a ^x i n x na p"?na p i a x b u a pVa n a x n^ix p í a s pVx na p n a w a pVxV pana pVxi naxn na aana psaen prix pVnai noiD- xim nna-ian m a n xm "iV ^i^aip o-iorv n a pVbaai m a i » p a i n a x i na onm nn1' ip'X Vaa mpixi naa-na nir?a nan n^ai nax p i laV® ma p n x i nrai nai» Vaa nman ' m n m x b s s rmbvt m a b - m a nVnan •nVnp mp 1 ? Vnn W a a i nwa ns?a nan n^aj i n nspn srn 'as? ninai n^ai nnn-1 ]xVx nnana ons xV n a x )na pn^awa an p a x nan n'xiV n^nai nira Vbai •nmso pVnai *\b 87

K pía niaTi iKi. 68 K Vun na njD1?« hdbi -p»1? naoi in t 1 « n^Visjs rr i bs "7« iraa n^naH» nnx ts. 89 K ^vm u í x t n1?«1?. 90 L. 2 add. jna» j11?«.

,n,na

6i

Hi. §.3

Book III

nam nrnoa nV rwxi na TIP ma psi sV ^ '»-nVi irn-?« onnax tV Vn •pnpiab ray naa mVa ban xVi nan Vxyav b^ xV maxVa VapV nina ppVo iVa-1 xV nnnax Tin ]x inamxi mVa p^x Via nV saw nnx na nVx-'P •ppo-1 xV rVs? ppc DT-innV prr11 in p^a nnana Mb paypi DT-innV XTI -jn pmairra «-mnpy -asa nan nVn nya-™ nVx® naa nVixs? its1 jx View •-aya no»p nya inn1? Va^sn rmo bv pa-px nnxVio p i nrrnyanx pc xVi naa p ntra© p ,m xV pna y»pi nnais1 "n ma nnxwa® -aa ir"? mn I D Vxyav nra© ainpa |a naup mc T I X I V I nam1? pVx "Tr is? n©ipa mm nn® naannx na la •'ViVxi pnira lava nya na iay 8»n»a® p nnnax1? •na 'tnnx pp iaiy nVi nan nVa rbv nax maxi ¡»nrca© p n i m Via nV yap -iV-x nVx'tr laa -«n xV nwpai nao by ppaa n nan1? nns?a n®x n"?aa n w nat: nVna •naisn mi p nrn nV "jn nrray Vxnar' bo p i - I D arci nVa nnas nax *?a nVai - I B T I xbi Vxnsr-si p inx paia rvV ]riai p'trm px Vxnr' Va mx p naVV "pia X"?I XTI 1 XT' D A naxi -pm -pVx mn" ^ D I T •'INAB B X I I R mbs ^maa "tax pa ^naians? moa© -win xVx p-wn p:x pi pa'tsac? pa'arn naxi -|n aw Vv pmo mn nay trials "iai uai -pm pawi pa^soi Vxnar naa Vai pa-'sno pa'ano 1 xVi Daw nV rv ? mo ]xi m m pVx Va nnaa paypa mn ma 'Vt 'x s?x acna -jai? pas?ixa u paiay ni"1 ]xi m m ]xi niVo tsaw VaVi p^oa© pVna Vxis?1' nai pVn naW pia pVx Vx-ii^V rjV" nan nV'n nsa paias? •'m paua nais'a 84mnn x1? ai orn naVn nVVaa mna mm nix -jma iian1? nmm naxi in paua naira si-rVs ba1 in,l?i naa xVi nV oraa n naa xV "-nn" pnn-84 xV ina'aa mm ni , i mm nxiai na pn p i r -rwa nV naiasi mn1' nnai nnnxa ^xVx mna •paias nnrj -jay p i r nnos ]anpa ss-nan rvma noVxi ba VapV la^x an© nnua^x -[ba nnbns nn p -»a nai •'nbx bib oyaa mais ]nxi nnua-x ©Vai nxi nmV n ]xn •lp1' nnssa fnpn ntsirp V^awa Vxi nnos Vaxi mwa p pnsnxi rrna nnVtsa m ia»n na najno p -[V •'Vr i s iris? nsix-ss Vx ^a Vx pc Vamn-85

F pai Tipn "sa "nana inn'i IBNT ^ipn -mo] b?-IN. 79 F na bvi n'lHD "757 mp,N •'^azJ, nx-rrr nan nas nran mans jn Tpa11 w~n- 80 F nVio (Latin 'sol'). 81 F has a different text; see APPENDIX I 8 2 As Jewish Aramaic fainTy (e.g. 85 F nin Targum Onkelos, Num. xi. 4) - h.lll. 83 L. 2 om. D. 3 ->33 n1- 84 n1?« p. 86 K nn'jDBK t j s dk m -jnaari naiana n t1? '^la rt3«n imip an« Tna n^ai nns Vaa.

78

The Text

I I I . §§-2,3

60

n a n m a i i a x p i Tin'" n r V i u s m a , a - 7 ° p a n n m n s V x m a a m i n a nrvna m i s ? * n a t r a na& nbins n j a a nb-n nantzr ' « - m a r n©i i m p 1 ' n n p n n a 1 -»» ns?a t n x m a v r x i a r a p m o n n m s a V p r m p a i n s nnxtPDJ p x n n n i u n a a i m « m p n pns-n n o i n x n a a m a i n aVna?« n a n n « n p n a imixi n a v n t r x n a ^urn Vnn n a n a ITSVNI pntz? n a p n x i m o n a n ® a i pns? n a * p n p n b n x n a a p v i nps?ns n a p n a s n t r a i n n u o p - i n o i nmn-iV p b j p a n n m

n a n nVxV x j p n a o n r s i p Y i x •nVx n 1 ? n a m naV ps?atn l a t a

Vx-ibt VnpV m a s ninas? 1 nsra n a n m a i ns?a - p p a a

tost

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pV m n " i a x m m m r n a ntzra nas?ai n m a m a a p a ^m n a a n"?x n a a m n a V n a p a V a p j x n q o r m n o a x V x m a x n a » 6 1 n a a i p n a x^n m V n S?TI V i V a a V V a a ppas? p x n ,L ?T NDU V a i *)or O I T vn n a p m n V m b i p n x n r V p x i n a o m n x n m a t ' n V n " r a p n o i xb n a i V a ••ana n©a n a n x l a b a b nnais? p m n n a n o p p 1 ? n » a n a n m a n m a s p a mtzra n a ' a b a ® x V i rib a o i ns? rVs? t s n l

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t t ©ixV •'is 1 ? x"7i

n a x n n a pV a i m o - i s n a p n v r n a V n a na-Ts1? n a r n m a nas? m n w a n p s i p i n n a i a nV ^ n b p « n a n r a j a m o a i r IVDI M ® n a pa-in- n a n a p 1 ? nVn n V « nV p N^pxi p m IVDI a p v a a n n n a a n a a n n p t a n c a 1 ? n b x - t a x p i n a w v.b n n ' r ' j p is'? m p n u a i n n a n a nb m p n u a i « i t r u a a p n 1 n o a i n a i a nV p i n a w .74-iaVtpV is*?xi n-'Da® 1 ? n a s m x n n a a m i o n x •nnVVp u 1 ? i a » p n n n T w i n n a n a 11b i a » p n nmn© V^Vaa l a n n x i natzrcm n m m i "iVi p s a ® o - r m n ® m

bs n n a - i a uV i a » p n •panai i o r » V a n

i a n x •'VrDii p '«¡^lai

ni p i x n bnv

n a bs n n W p xh i a » p n n m n s n «

• p a ' a p m a o n s n x n naV w x i n , l ? a - s i a ® p a ^ n a 1

" ? m p p n m nx ? p n s a n x laD^x •'la p V n a • " n - r n n n by n a o p n ^ x n n m n ® p a n s m a p x n n n x b i o n a ns? n m a c x n a i p p m n ^ x i p a naV pas? m V i • n n a w n m nas?nx n a 1 ? 70

K o " n n^ns naan jV n^j jn nan»'. 7 1 The rest of Book I I I is missing in K , except for folios 55-6, but see also A P P E N D I X I. 9 for some K text (folios 57-59) which belongs to Book III, but does not resemble anything in D or L closely. 72 K f. 55. 73 K add. j n n rp^n. 74 K n ^ n n jn« p j w v d ® nna i-rvriN nojx p n i n n m n"?ji H3121 D"m JO^K n"7nDT nan. Lacuna follows in K (see n. 71). 75 . F (f. i a ) begins here. 78 F add. "73 ' l i s l ^ s n K l . 77 F add. nnBK.

§.3

Book III

57

I I I . §.2

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