Materials for the Study of Inheritance in Man 9780231886246

Table of contents :
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
Sicilians
Central Italians
Bohemians
Hungarians and Slovaks
Poles
Scotch
Hebrews
NOTES
Birthplace of Parents
Errata

Citation preview

Columbia Utiitxirsify Contributions Co fltitbropotogy VOLUME VI

MATERIALS FOR THE STUDY OF INHERITANCE IN MAN BY

FRANZ BOAS

M A T E R I A L S FOR THE STUDY OF I N H E R I T A N C E IN MAN

NEW YORK

C O L U M B I A UNIVERSITY PRESS 1928

Printed in Austria.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Introduction Sicilians

VII

.

1

Central Italians

98

Bohemians

184

Hungarians and Slovaks

270

Poles

294

Scotch

313

Hebrews

324

Notes

505

Birthplace of Parents

513

Errata

540

V

INTRODUCTION The following pages contain measurements of families of immigrants living in New York. The series contains Sicilians, Central Italians, Bohemians, Hungarians and Slovaks, Poles, Scotch and Hebrews. The data are arranged in the following way: the first two columns contain the current numbers of the observations; the first the number of family with the initials of the observer; the second the current number of the individual according to the records of the observer. In the third column is given the year of immigration, or in case the individual was born in America, the place of birth; N.Y. means New York. F means father; M, mother; S, son; D, daughter. In the fourth column is given the age. In the following columns, LH means maximum length of head; WH maximum width of head; WF bizygomatic width; St stature; Ci cephalic index; Wfi width of face divided by width of head. The eyes are recorded as Bl, blue; Br, brown; 1. Br, light brown; d. Br, dark brown; Gr, gray. The color of the hair was observed according to standards in which the color from darkest black to ash blonde was divided into equal intervals, beginning with 1 as the darkest; gr means gray. The method has been described in the volume, "Changes in Bodily Form of Descendants of Immigrants", New York 1912, page 93 et seq. Families are so arranged that in the first position are placed families in which both father and mother were measured. These are divided into two groups; the former those in which the cephalic index of the father is smaller than that of the mother; the latter those in which the cephalic index of the father is greater than that of the mother. Each of these two groups is divided according to the number of children in the family, starting with the largest families. They are followed by a series in which only father and children were measured; next by those in which only mother and children were measured; and finally, by fraternities without parents. When the same individual belongs to several families; for instance, when grandparents, parents, and children were measured, these are given as separate families and the interrelation is indicated by notes which will be found at the end of the volume. A number of families found later on are given at the end of the whole series of each nationality. These are not included in the arrangement here described. YII

The material, including the list of indices, has been carefully revised from the original records by Miss Estelle Fine. The few errors found after printing are given in a table of errata at the end of the volume. The material presented here was collected during the years 1909—1910, forming the basis of my study on "Changes in Bodily Form of Descendants of Immigrants." To this has been added a series of Hebrew families measured in 1913 with the assistance of the Bache Fund of the National Academy of Sciences. The discussion of the data from the points of view of growth and heredity will be published in a separate volume. It seemed necessary to make the data accessible because a great many questions relating to heredity and environmental influences may be treated by means of this material. The present work is being carried on with the financial assistance of the Social Science Research Council of Columbia University. The personal equations of the observers have been discussed in the report previously quoted, pages 85 et seq., but the general results are reproduced here. Personal equations in Millimetres Observers

o.s... . L.W. . . . Rp. . . . . J.V. . . . . Lu . . . . . L.F. . . . . H. L. . . . Le . . . . . Be . . . . . A.G. . . . Ja . . . . . Br . . . . . T.M. . . . . M. F. P.R. . . . [e2] mm 2 .

Length of head Male Female

—0.8 ±0.0 ±0.0 ±0.0 —0.7 —0.3 +1.4 +1.5 +0.6 +0.7 +0.5 —1.0 —1.6 —0.9 0.78

—0.7 —0.2 —0.1 +0.4 +0.4 +0.2 +0.2 +0.5 +0.7 +0.2 +0.4 —0.3 —0.6 +0.2 —0.3 0.18

Width of head Female Male

—0.2 —0.6 +0.4 +2.2 —1.3 —0.1 —0.5 +0.2 +0.2 —0.6 +0.5 +0.7 —0.7 +0.1 0.33

—0.5 +0.6 +0.5 +0.2 —0.8 —0.5 —0.3 +0.7 +0.1 —0.3 +0.8 +0.4 —0.6 +0.4 +3.3 0.39

Width of face Male Female

—1.1 +1.1 —0.1 +0.9 ±0.0 +0.5 +0 6 —0.4 + 1.0 —0.2 —0.1 +0.2 —1.4 —0.2 0.42

—1.2

+ 1.3 —0.2 +1.0 —0.8 +0.3 +1.0 +0.3 +0.6 —0.3 +0.2 ±0.0 —1.8 +0.4 + 1.0 0.73

Franz Boas. New York, Columbia University, November 1927

VIII

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