Kunst- und Kulturgeschichte im Baltikum: Studien zur Kunstgeschichte Kurlands. Homburger Gespräch 2008

Das Homburger Gespräch 2008 war den graphischen Künsten im Baltikum gewidmet. Graphik als Gattung wurde dabei möglichst

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Kunst- und Kulturgeschichte im Baltikum: Studien zur Kunstgeschichte Kurlands. Homburger Gespräch 2008

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Table of contents :
Lars Olof Larsson / Vorwort 5
Andrzej Woziński / On the Role of Engravings in Late Gothic Sculpture in Prussia 7
Ojārs Spārītis / Beerdigungstraditionen und Sepulkralkultur der Familie v. Behr in Kurland 35
Aleksandra Aleksandravičiūtė / 16th–17th Centuries Ornamentation in the Paintings in the House of the Hosius Family (Vilnius) 51
Franciszek Skibiński / Devotional prints and the development of Counter-Reformation painting in north-western areas of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth 65
Alexander von Knorre / Die Druckgrafik im Baltikum während des 19. Jahrhunderts am Beispiel der Stadt Dorpat/Tartu 87
Ingrid Sahk / Reproductive prints and photos in the collection of Karl Eduard von Liphart: Their use and character 107
Olga Kurilo / Fotografie ostpreußischer und baltischer Ostseebäder vom Ende des 19. Jahrhundert bis zum Ersten Weltkrieg 125
Giedrė Jankevičiūtė / Poster in Lithuania: the 1920s and 1930s 141
Tomas Pabedinskas / The Relation Between Personal and Photographic Image in Ramunė Pigagaitė's Cycle People of My Town 155
Henning Repetzky / Die Königin Luise Gedächtnis-Kirche in Königsberg – Die 'erste' Jubiläumskirche im wilhelminischen Ostpreußen 171
Autorenliste 193
Programm 194

Citation preview

M.C. A. Böckler-Mare Balticum-Stiftung

Kunst- und Kulturgeschichte im Baltikum Studien zur Kunstgeschichte Kurlands Homburger Gespräch 2008 Heft 25

Herausgegeben von Lars Olof Larsson

Kiel 2009

Redaktion: Lars Olof Larsson und Henning Repetzky

ISSN 1434-9213

INHALTSVERZEICHNIS

Lars Olof Larsson:

Vorwort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5

Andrzej Woziński:

On the Role of Engravings in Late Gothic Sculpture in Prussia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7

Beerdigungstraditionen und Sepulkralkultur der Familie v. Behr in Kurland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35

Ojārs Spārītis:

Aleksandra Aleksandravičiūtė: 16th–17th Centuries Ornamentation in the Paintings in the House of the Hosius Family (Vilnius) . . . . . .

51

Devotional prints and the development of Counter-Reformation painting in north-western areas of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth . . . . . . . .

65

Die Druckgrafik im Baltikum während des 19. Jahrhunderts am Beispiel der Stadt Dorpat/Tartu . . . . .

87

Reproductive prints and photos in the collection of Karl Eduard von Liphart: Their use and character . .

107

Fotografie ostpreußischer und baltischer Ostseebäder vom Ende des 19. Jahrhundert bis zum Ersten Weltkrieg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

125

Giedrė Jankevičiūtė:

Poster in Lithuania: the 1920s and 1930s . . . . . . .

141

Tomas Pabedinskas:

The Relation Between Personal and Photographic Image in Ramunė Pigagaitė‘s Cycle People of My Town . . . 155

Henning Repetzky:

Die Königin Luise Gedächtnis-Kirche in Königsberg – Die „erste“ Jubiläumskirche im wilhelminischen Ostpreußen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

171

Autorenliste

.....................................

193

Programm

.....................................

194

Franciszek Skibiński:

Alexander von Knorre:

Ingrid Sahk:

Olga Kurilo:

5

Vorwort Zum zweiten Mal werden jetzt die Beiträge des Homburger Gesprächs im Internet und nicht als herkömmlicher Tagungsband veröffentlicht. Ein vollständiger Ausdruck als Broschüre (DIN A4) kann zum Preis von ca. 25,– Euro zzgl. Versandkosten bei der Redaktion angefordert werden. Das Homburger Gespräch 2008 war den graphischen Künsten im Baltikum gewidmet. Graphik als Gattung wurde dabei möglichst weit gefasst. In zehn Vorträgen haben Referentinnen und Referenten aus den drei baltischen Staaten sowie aus Polen und Deutschland verschiedene Formen und Funktionen der Graphik, von der Handzeichnung bis zu Werbeplakaten und dokumentarischer Fotografie, beleuchtet. Die zeitliche Spanne der behandelten Themen erstreckte sich von den Anfängen der Druckgraphik im 15. Jahrhundert bis in die Gegenwart. Die Rückmeldungen auf unser Call for Papers zeigte, dass viele, vor allem jüngere Forscher sich gegenwärtig mit Themen der zeitgenössischen Kunstfotografie, aber auch der Dokumentar- und Reproduktionsfotografie, beschäftigen. Homburger Gespräche, die sich ausschließlich dieser Themenkreise widmen, dürften sehr fruchtbar werden können. Nicht alle Vorträge, die während der Tagung gehalten wurden, werden hier veröffentlicht. Auf Wunsch der Referenten mussten wir auf den Abdruck der Referate von Birthe Möller und Frank Matthias Kammel verzichten. Birthe Möllers Beitrag über die Zeichnungen Erik Dahlberghs wird, was die wichtigsten Ergebnisse betrifft, in ihre demnächst abgeschlossene Dissertation eingehen.

Lars Olof Larsson

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On the Role of Engravings in Late Gothic Sculpture in Prussia

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Autoren

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Autoren Aleksandra Aleksandravičiūtė Aleksandra Aleksandravičiūtė wurde 1953 in Vilnius/Litauen geboren. Sie studierte von 1971-76 Kunstgeschichte in Vilnius, von 1978-81 am Wissenschaftlichen Forschungsinstitut für Theorie und Geschichte der bildenden Kunste in Moskau und promovierte 1985. Seit 1976 ist sie an der Kunstakademie in Vilnius tätig und heute Professorin für Kunstgeschichte und Theorie. Zudem ist sie Leiterin des Sektors für sakrale Kunst am Wissenschaftlichen Institut für Kultur, Philosophie und Kunst in Vilnius und Mitherausgeberin von „Sakrale Kunst Litauens”. Giedrė Jankevičiūtė Giedrė Jankevičiūtė wurde 1960 in Vilnius/Litauen geboren. Sie studierte Kunstgeschichte in Vilnius und erhielt 1992 durch ein George Soros Stipendium die Möglichkeit in Prag zu studieren und promovierte 1994. Anschließend arbeitete sie am Schweizerischen Institut in Rom und ist seit 1995 Mitarbeiterin eines Projektes zur Erforschung des künstlerischen Lebens in Litauen. Zusammen mit Osvaldas Daugelis kuratierte sie 1998 die Ausstellung „Art Deco in Litauen“ (Nationales M. K. Čiurlionis Kunst Museum). 2000 erfolgte mit Unterstützung des Centre Culturel Franćais in Litauen ein Forschungsaufenthalt in Paris. Sie ist tätig an der Kunsthistorischen Abteilung des staatlichen Instituts für Kultur, Philosophie und Kunst sowie an der Kunstakademie in Vilnius. Alexander von Knorre Alexander von Knorre wurde 1944 in Stockholm/Schweden geboren. Er studierte von 1966-73 Kunstgeschichte in München, Bonn und Köln und schloss das Studium mit einer Promotion ab. Alexander von Knorre war bis 2008 Leiter des Emschertal-Museums in Herne/Westfalen. Zuvor war er am Dom-Museum in Mainz/Rheinland-Pfalz, am Musee des Beaux Arts in Dijon/Frankreich sowie am Westfälischen Denkmalamt in Münster tätig. Henning Repetzky Henning Repetzky, geboren 1957 in Nienburg/Weser, studierte Kunstgeschichte in Münster, Kiel und Göteborg und schloss sein Studium in Kiel mit einer Dissertation zur Kirchenarchitektur des Göteborger Architekten Adrian C. Peterson ab. Er ist freiberuflicher Kunsthistoriker. Ingrid Sahk Ingrid Sahk wurde 1976 in Tartu/Estland geboren und studierte an der Universität in Tartu. Sie ist Kuratorin am Kunst-Museum der Universität von Tartu. Franciszek Skibiński Franciszek Skibiński wurde 1983 in Warschau/Polen geboren und studierte bis 2008 an der Universität in Toruń/Polen. Er ist am Institut für Kulturgutschutz, Denkmalpflege und Konservierung an der Universität in Toruń tätig und arbeitet er an seiner Dissertation zu Willem van den Blocke und der Skulptur um 1600 im königlichen Preußen Ojars Sparitis Ojars Sparitis wurde 1955 in Priekule/Lettland geboren und studierte Philologie und Kunstgeschichte in Riga. Er arbeitete 1979-81 in der Lettischen Akademischen Bibliothek und war 198186 Inspekteur für Denkmalpflege bei der Gesellschaft für Natur- und Denkmalpflege. Er ist heute Professor für Kunstgeschichte an der Kunstakademie in Riga und hier Leiter der Doktorabteilung. Andrzej Woziński Andrzej Woziński, geboren 1959 in Poznań/Polen, studierte Kunstgeschichte an der Universität in Poznań. 1985 schloss er sein Studium mit dem Magister Artium ab, 1997 folgte die Promotion. 1985-98 war er Leiter der Abteilung für Mittelalterliche Kunst und 1998-2000 stellvertretender Direktor des Nationalmuseums in Poznań. Seit 2003 ist er Leiter des Kunsthistorischen Instituts der Universität Gdańsk/Polen. Sein Haupt-Forschungsgebiet ist die spätgotische Malerei und Skulptur in Preußen.

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