Great Men and Famous Deeds 1127256076, 9781127256075
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JUL
M
GREAT MEN AND FAMOUS DEEDS
A
I
INI
FOURTEEN VOLUMES VO LU
(VI
E
SIX
GREAT MEN AND FAMOUS DEEDS
41 ~ssr
CHILDCRAFT (Rec U.S. Pat.
Off.)
Copyright, 1949, U.
S.
A.
by Field Enterprises, Inc.
Copyright 1947, 1945, 1942, 1939 by The Quarne Corporation Copyright 1937, 1935, 1934 by
\V. F. Quarrie
& Company
Thh Chad's Treasury Copyright 1931, 1923 by
\V. F. Quarrie
& Company
International Copyright, 1949
by Field Enterprises, Inc. International Copyright, 1947
by The Quarrie Corporation
All
rights
reproduced
reserved. in
This volume
whole or
in
part
may in
not be
any form
without written permission from the publishers.
Prmtid
m
the
U.
S.
A.
m
w
pi*a&»
Mi
EH
-
MYTHS AND LEGENDS Nathaniel Hawthorne Retold by Sally Benson Retold by 'Katherine Pyle
Pandora's Box The Flight of Icarus Midas and the Golden Touch Persephone
2.06
zio Z13
Flora J. Cooke Flora J. Cooke
Balder
The Story of King Arthur The Story of William Tell Robin Hood and Maid Marian
zi8 zz 4 zz 9 Z3 I
Eleanor Farjeon
Retold by James Baldwin George Cockbum Harvey Taggert Ted Brown
Paul Bunyan's Christmas
;.
^37
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The publishers of
CHILDCRAFT gratefully
acknowl-
edge the courtesy of the following publishers for permission to use the following copyrighted stories: Appleton-Centurv-Crofts, Inc.: "The Story of King Arthur" from Mighty Men by Eleanor Farjeon, copyright 1925, 1926 by Appletqn, courtesy Eleanor Farjeon.
American Book Company: "The Story of William Tell" and "The Boy, Lafayette, and the Wolf" from Fifty Famous Stones by James Baldwin; "Young George Washington" adapted from Four Great Americans by James Baldwin. Margaret Ford Allen: "When Mark Twain was a Boy" from Child Life. Bobbs-Merrill Company: "The Chief at Warm Springs" from Franklin Roosevelt.- Boy of the Four Freedoms by Ann Weil, copyright 1947; "The Story of Dolly Madison" from Dolly Madison: Quaker Girl by Helen A. Monsell, copyright 1944; "Abraham Lincoln's Boyhood" from The Autobiography of Abraham Lincoln, compiled by Nathaniel Wright Stephenson; "The Story of Jane Addams" from Jane Addams: Little Lame Girl by Jean Brown Wagoner, copyright 1944. Thomas Y. Crowell Company: "Rosa Bonheur Breaks Her Needle" from Stories of the Youth of Artists by Mary Newlin Roberts; "Daniel Boone's New Home in Kentucky" from On Indian Trails with Daniel Boone by Enid LaMonte Meadowcroft. Dial Press, Inc.: "The Flight of Icarus" from Stories Benson, copyright 1940 of Gods and Heroes by Sally by Sally Benson.
& Company, Inc.: "Alexander Mackenzie" from Knight of the Wilderness by Maxine Shore and M. M. Oblinger, copyright, 1943 by Dodd, Mead, courtesy McClelland & Stewart; "A New, Bright World for Jenny Lind" from Enchant-
Dodd, Mead
ing Jenny
Lind by Laura Benet, copyright 1939 by
Dodd Mead. Doubledav, Doran & Company, Inc.: "Pocahontas and Captain John Smith" (rom Pocahontas by Edgar and Ingri Parin d'Aulaire, copyright 1946 by Doubleday. Houghton Mifflin Company .-"Abraham Lincoln's Boyhood" in part from The Real Lincoln by J. W. Weik. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.: "Columbus Finds Amctica" from They Put Out to Sea by Roger Duvoisin, copyright 1944 by Alfred A. Knopl, Inc., courtesy University of
London
Press.
B. Lippincott Company: "Midas and the Golden Heroic Tales from Greek Mythology by Katherine Pyle, copyright 1928, 1934 by Lippincott; "John James Audubon" from Tell Me a Birthday Story by Carolyn Sherwin Bailey, copyright 1934, 1935 by Lippincott; "Abraham Lincoln's Boyhood" in part from The True Abraham Lincoln by William Eleroy Curtis. Little, Brown & Company: "The Wright Brothers Learn to Fly" from Heroes of Civilization by Joseph Cottier and'Haym Jaffe, copyright 1931 by Joseph Cottier and Haym Jaffe. Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Company: "The True Story of Benjamin Franklin" from The True Story of Benjamin Frank/in by Elbridge S. Brooks, copyright 1940.
J.
Touch" from
Robert M. McBride & Company: "The Map that Came to Life" from The Story Behind Great Books by Elizabeth Rider Montgomery.
The Macmillan Company: "Abraham Lincoln's Boyhood" in part from Life of Abraham Lincoln by Ida Tarbell, copyright 1895, 1896, 1898, 1S99 by'S. S.
McClure Company; 1900 by Doubleday
Company and McClure
Phillips
&
McClure
& Company;
1917
by The Macmillan Company; 1924 by The Lincoln History Society. G. P. Putnam's Sons: "Babe Ruth's Own Story" from Babe Ruth's Own Book of Baseball by George Herman Ruth. Rand, McNally & Company: "The Story of Moses" from The Ten Commandments, edited hv Mary Alice Jones, copyright 1943 by Rand McNally; "Mary and Martha" from Jesus and His Friends by Mary Alice Jones, copyright 1947 by Rand McNally. Margaret I. Ross: "George Washington Carver" by Margaret I. Ross, from Child Life. Charles Scribner's Sons: "Robert Fulton Makes the Paddles Work" from The Boat Builder by Clara Ingram Judson, copyright 1940 by Scribner's; "Clara Barton, the Young Schoolteacher" from Clara Barton bv Mildred Pace, copyright 1941 by Scribner's. Ruth Cromer Weir: "Teddy Roosevelt, the Boy Naturalist" by Ruth Cromer Weir.
The John C. Winston Company "The Story of Robert E. Lee" from Hero Tales from History by Smith Burnham; "Robin Hood and Maid Marian" from Robin Hood by George Cockburn Harvey. The Wisconsin Octopus: "Paul Bunyan's Christmas" by Taggert Ted Brown. Wise, Winifred E.: "Thomas Alva Edison" from Thomas Alva Edison, The Youth and His Times. :
ADVENTURES OF FAMOUS PERSONS
*.*,
Columbus Finds America By Roger Duvoisin
DAY ONEnamed
there
came
into Lisbon, Portugal, a
Christopher Columbus.
in everything
young
He was much
which had to do with the
sea
and
he helped his brother Bartholomew to paint maps and
Italian
interested ships, sell
and
books.
He loved to watch the mariners unload from their sailing ships the monkeys, the bright parrots, the elephant tusks, and the other wonderful things which they had gathered in the new land of Africa. When, sometimes, he sailed on a Portuguese caravel, he liked to hear the sailors tell stories about the adventures they had met in trying to sail to Asia, around Africa. After a time, Columbus himself began to dream that he was
COLUMBUS FINDS AMERICA which he was trying to paint book which Marco Polo had written about his adventures in Asia, and other books which tried to show where China and India lay. He pored and pored over an old map which showed that the world was round. "Since the world is round," Columbus said, "if one sails straight toward the setting sun from the west shore of Europe, one will reach Asia in a short time. It is silly for the Portuguese seamen to try to get to the Indies by going south round Africa and then east." (China, Japan, and India were all called the Indies at that time.) "It would be much simpler to sail west from Lisbon. I am going to tell the King of Portugal about all this; surely he will sailing to Asia, too, that great land
on
his brother's
give
me
The
maps.
He
read the
the ships."
John of Portugal, was amazed
king,
"Hum!
I
never thought of that," he
at
said.
Columbus'
"How
idea.
can you be
so near, across that mysterious Atlantic Ocean from any window of my palaces?" "I have studied old maps," answered Columbus. "I have also sailed to Iceland, the foggy isle of the north, where I heard sailors sure that Asia
which we can
tell
about
trees
lies
see
a land to the west.
of a kind
we have never
The
sea has also
brought dead pine
seen in our countries. There
is
land
know. Truly if you give me some ships I'll find the countries Marco Polo told about— Japan, where the king's palace has roofs of gold; China, from whence comes our silk, and where there are so many rich and busy cities; India and the islands of the East from which come spices and precious not far across the Atlantic,
I
stones.
"Of course,
it is
only
fair that I
have
my
reward for doing
all
want to be made a knight with golden spurs; a great admiral of all the oceans; and governor of all the countries I will find. I also want the tenth part of all the riches I bring back to Lisbon." this. I
"All that!" exclaimed the king. "Well,
maybe your
idea
is
COLUMBUS FINDS good, maybe
it is
not.
I
am
not
most learned scholars of Portugal to hear what they have to say." The old scholars came, listened, looked scornful, and finally said, "No, no! This young man, Columbus, is just a dreamer. Only God knows how large the Atlantic Ocean is, and what lies beyond. Only a fool would try to sail across it, and he would sure. I shall call the
not return."
Columbus went home broken-hearted.
"There are other kings who your idea," his brother Bartholomew told him. "Go and
will like
King of Spain, Ferdinand, Queen Isabella." So Columbus took his dream into Spain and was heard by the Queen and the King. see the
and
his
"I think there
may
be some-
thing in your idea," said the King.
"So do I," said the Queen. "But we are very busy now chasing the Moors out of Spain, and we have no time to study all that ourselves. Let's get together
some learned
scholars of Spain,
AMERICA so they can hear what you have to say."
The Spanish scholars met, but could not make up their minds
once.
at
Columbus waited and
waited. Finally the scholars decided.
They
said
no. But they
added, "Wait until the out of Spain, then
Moors are come back.
Perhaps we will have changed our minds by then."
"No more waiting," said Coam going to see the
lumbus. "I
King of France."
And
he departed for France.
But then, some of his friends went to Queen Isabella, and they
Columbus him back. "Perhaps you are right, after
talked so well about that she called
all,"
she said to him. "Perhaps
you can bring us the spices and silks and precious stones of the East." "I
know
"Then what
will
I
if I
can."
give you the ships,
you ask
in return?"
Columbus repeated what he had asked the King of Portugal. "That's too much," exclaimed the queen, her eyes big with surprise.
m^
COLUMBUS FINDS "I
would not do
it
for less,"
declared Columbus.
"Then we won't give
the
ships."
Columbus was quite angry now. He said good-by to his friends and again took the road to France.
However, the
treasurer of the
King and Queen, who was
a
wise man, said to Isabella, "I think
you should give Co-
lumbus what he wants. What can you lose?
much
to
spurs and
he comes back from China with
his
does not cost
It
give him the golden
make him
ships
wouldn't you rather give him one tenth and keep
a knight. If
of treasures,
full
the rest than
all
have the King of France have it?" "I would," said
Queen
Isabella.
"Go
after
Columbus and
catch him before he gets into France."
This second time,
nand and Queen
when Columbus came back
Isabella,
to
King
Ferdi-
he was granted the ships and the rewards
he asked. It
made
was
in the
Santa Maria, and
misty
Port of Palos in southern Spain that Columbus
There were three of them:
his caravels ready.
two
summer dawn,
their sails
a large one, the
smaller ones, the Pinta and the Nina. in
On
a
August, 1492, the three caravels spread
with the painted cross, and sailed away.
"Now," thought Columbus,
standing on the high stern of the
Santa Maria, "every minute that the
China, and India. Soon
I
wind blows,
I
am
nearer Japan,
will be the great admiral of
all
the seas."
AMERICA Columbus' sailors knew the Atlantic Ocean from Spain to the Canary Islands, which belonged to King Ferdinand. They were sure they would not meet horrible sea monsters until they arrived there.
But beyond, it was another story. It was the very first time had ventured straight onto an unknown sea with no
that ships
land on either side.
"How
can our captain be so sure that this ocean has an end?"
wondered
young Spaniard. "For my
a
part, I fear that
we
shall
never return. Look, the wind blows steadily toward the West.
We
won't be able to get back with "In
my
this
wind always
time," said an old sailor, "I have heard
at
our bow."
many
stories
of ships swallowed by sea serpents; of ships falling off the earth at
the end of the sea.
I
believe they are true stories."
While they frightened one another in this way with strange sea tales, the three caravels sailed on and on. The sailors thought of Spain, behind them. Columbus thought of Asia ahead of him. One morning, they climbed the masts and rigging with joy after Captain Pinzon, master of the Pinta, had cried, "Land! Land!" like all the mornings before, nothing in waves which never tired of running after one
But the next morning was sight but the blue
another.
"If
we go
on,
we
are lost,"
growled the men. "Our place
is
Spain with our wives and children, not on this awful sea with captain
who
"We
dream,
full
a
of Japans and Chinas."
not go on another day," they all said menacingly. throw him overboard," an angry sailor cried. "Then
shall
"Let's
we
lives in a silly
in
can turn round."
Columbus came out of his small cabin on the high aft castle, at them without fear, said, "There is no use complaining. I have come to seek Japan, China, and India, and with the help of God, I will find them. Do not be afraid. You will go back
and looking
to your families, with your hands full of gold."
COLUMBUS FINDS Seeing that Columbus was so
seamen went back though they still
resolute, the
to their posts,
grumbled. They kept their eyes
on the blue horizon, hoping a sight
for
of land.
As the days went by, there were many signs that land was not far off. Once, all night long, great flights of birds flew over
the ships.
One
and carved
afternoon, a reed
At
stick floated by.
the end of that same day, as Co-
lumbus stood on the aft castle, watching the night ahead of him and listening to the waves as they broke on the sides of the Santa Maria, he saw a little light.
"Look!" he
cried to his sailors,
"before us, at the bow.
Do
you
see that light?"
"I see it," said one man. "I don't!" said another.
"Perhaps
is
it
another mis-
Columbus. was not, for soon after that, a sailor on the Pinta shouted,
take, then," sighed
But
it
"Land! Land!
It's
land, for
sure."
Among
cries
of
joy,
Colum-
bus ordered his ships to anchor.
Few
sailors
i4
slept
lie
at
that
AMERICA night.
Most of them stood on the
decks, their eyes peering into
the dark, like people in a theater waiting for the curtain to
"What "The gold where
we
shall
see in the
morning;
I
be Japan!"
At dawn, to
lift,
as darkness
a small island
began
slowly took
shape: a cool white beach;
green palm
trees, still
tall
wet with
dew. All was quiet. Then a bird, hidden among the leaves, whis-
naked brown
answered it. Some men came down to
the
edge,
tled, and others
water's
yelling
among
and
talking
themselves in a
strange language, pointing to the big sailing vessels which the night
Some of them had
had brought.
painted their bodies red; others
had blue
faces; a
few had dipped
their noses into yellow paint.
America bus'
eyes.
twelfth,
rise.
ondered Columbi
roofs of Japanese palaces, no doubt, for this land
thought Japan was —to the east of China. It must just
r
Columwas October the
lay before
It
fourteen
hundred and
ninety- two.
"I don't understand!"
mur-
mured Columbus. "There are no gold roofs. In his book Marco Polo does not say that the Japanese and the Chinese go naked
lies
COLUMBUS FINDS He
and painted.
does say that they
also says that the seas
wear rich robes of
around Japan are
full
silk;
and he
of islands. That must
be one of them."
Columbus now put on
his
most
beautiful clothes and his coat
of green velvet and landed on the shore, holding in his the banner of the
King of
Spain. Behind
him came the
left
hand
captains
of the Nina and Vinta, carrying the flag with the green cross.
"From now on," Columbus declared, "this island will belong King Ferdinand, and it will be called 'San Salvador' on the map." His scribes wrote that down, and Columbus and his officers scratched their names below it. The painted brown men stood around them and wondered what it was all about. They would have been sad, had they known that the greedy white men would soon chase them out of their to
fairylike islands.
They smiled when
the sailors gave
kling bells, and red bonnets.
As
them some glass beads, tinwanted to be generous,
they, too,
they brought presents of cotton
balls,
green parrots,
fruits,
and
arrows.
"There
is
nothing
much
in this small island,"
Columbus
said.
am impatient to go and look for
Japan and China. All aboard!" There were many islands in these seas, all very green and beautiful. They were full of new kinds of flowers and fruits, with birds "I
of all colors flying
among the palm trees. But nowhere did Colum-
busy with hundreds of laden ships, which Marco Polo had seen in China. Nowhere did the gold roofs of the palaces of the King of Japan glitter above the trees. There were but the straw huts of the naked men. Since Columbus thought he had come to the Indies, he called them Indians. And Indians they bus find the rich
are
still
cities,
called.
"Where
are those rich palaces, those people clothed in silk?"
asked Columbus. "It
is
time to
sail
16
back to Spain and
I
have not
AMERICA found them.
I
shall
have to come
back and look some more."
When made
the Piuta and the Nina
their
way back
across the
Atlantic Ocean, they did not carry
embroidered robes of satin like the
silk
and
ones Marco Polo
brought back to Venice. In their place were Indians, a
few noisv
green parrots, balls of cotton, arrows, and some bits of
fruits,
gold jewelry. After landing in Palos, Columbus went to see King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella in the city
of Barcelona.
to the
He
entered
it
sound of trumpets and
drums, amidst flying banners.
The king and queen were pleased with his discoveries. His
fame spread all over Europe. He was now a knight, Don Cristobal all
Columbus, great admiral of the oceans, with golden spurs.
Columbus made
three
more
voyages across the ocean to the West.
He found more islands, and
he also saw the shores of South
America and of Central America. He died soon alter his iourth voyage, without knowing that he had added to the map one of the biggest and richest continents of the world. Adapted from They Went 17
to
Sea
Pocahontas and Captain]ohn Smith By Ingri and Edgar Parin D'Aulaire
THE year
INocean
Englishmen came sailing across the new world which they called virgin queen, Elizabeth. They might all
1607 the
first
to settle the part of the
Virginia after their
have perished
if it
had not been for the help they got from the
Indian Princess Pocahontas. This is her story. over In the dark woods of Virginia, where dusky owls hooted
howled at the moon, there name was Powhatan, and he
the treetops and prowling beasts
lived
a stern old Indian chief. His
ruled
over thirty
tribes.
He had
a little
daughter
who was
the very apple of his eye. She
was as sweet and pretty as he was ugly and cruel. He gave her the finest feathers and the shiniest shells when he came home from the warpath, for he was so very fond of her. wants that little one is sweet, but full of pranks, and only
"Oh,
to
play,'''
and
They worked from morning till night had to help them. But the mighty Powhatan's
said the squaws.
their girls
POCAHONTAS AND CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH was allowed
and dance. which means the one who plays mostly. She ran and frolicked in woods and fair meadows. She grew strong and straight and supple as a cat, and could find her way dearest daughter
He gave
her the
name
to skip
Pocahontas,
in the deepest forest.
Then one day white men came the Indians had never seen.
to Powhatan's land. Their like
On huge boats they were blown straight
from the great waters. From their boats roared the voice of itself. At once they began to build a village in Powhatan's land. They chopped down his trees. They hunted his game, and acted as though they owned his land. They were not afraid of offending Powhatan, even though he was so mighty that everyone in
thunder
trembled
when he frowned.
They must be dangerous It
sorcerers,
Powhatan's people thought.
wasn't only that they did not look like regular people, with their
and
silk. But in their hands they which killed whatever it hit. Yes, they were so dangerous and full of sorcery that even Powhatan did not go against them quickly with all his braves to chase them out of his land. His medicine man sat at his side and juggled and conjured to try to find out what kind of magic the pale-
pale faces carried
magic
their hair like
corn
sticks that spat fire
faces practiced, but he could not
All that
summer
children cried and
make
it
out.
the Indians worried and wondered, and the
went into hiding when anybody
One day Pocahontas
sat in the
said, "Paleface."
garden, playing with a doll she
had made of a corncob. Suddenly she laughed right out loud! The palefaces looked just like her corncob doll.
Then
she
was
certain their
was the Indian's best
When He had
fall
magic could not be
evil, for
corn
friend.
came the Indians captured one of the white
leaders.
ventured too far away from the white men's village and
a
band of Indian warriors caught him in a swamp. They dragged T
9
him through the woods to Powhatan's village, so the mighty chief himself could decide what should be done with him. Powhatan called his medicine man and the medicine man called his helpers. They painted their faces in the most awesome manner with green and red and black paint, and the medicine man adorned his head with stuffed snakes and weasels. When the prisoner was brought into the village the children yelled. But Pocahontas was not the least bit afraid. She thought he was the handsomest man she had ever seen. His eyes were strange and blue as the sky, but she could see no evil in them. She painted her face a glowing red and hurried into her ceremonial robe of white turkey feathers, so she could take her place beside her father
when he judged
the prisoner.
his name was John Smith. He was the hardiest and shrewdest of the white men who had come to Powhatan's land. In Powhatan's longhouse John Smith faced the chief bravely. With words and with signs he answered all questions outright. Powhatan looked pleased with what he heard. "My father will let him live," thought Pocahontas. But the medicine men were scowl-
He was
an English captain and
ing as they danced and shouted and
worked
their magic.
At last they spoke to Powhatan, and said that the spirits had them the white man's magic was evil, the prisoner must die. But as the medicine men made ready to kill John Smith, Pocahontas suddenly rushed forward. She took his head in her arms and laid
told
upon his to save him from death. The medicine men grumbled, but Powhatan said the prisoner should live. For there was a custom among the Indians that a maiden could save a prisoner from death if she had taken a liking to him. Then he was her property. her head
So the English captain and the
little
Indian princess became
fast friends.
He
knife of steel
and showed her some of his things, which the Indians
whittled dolls and toys for her with his sharp
thought were magic. In his big pocket he had little spirit
many
strange things. There was a
that lived in a box. This spirit always pointed straight
With it John Smith could never get lost in the thickest was a compass, but to Pocahontas it was magic. He told about his country, England, far away on the other side of the sea, and about his chief, who was the King of England. This King was still mightier than Powhatan. His house of snow-white stone was as large as a whole Indian village. There, little princesses
to the north.
woods.
It really
POCAHONTAS AND CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH ran about clad in silk and silver and gold and played with pearls
and diamonds.
Of more and more wondrous things he talked, until even Powhatan was so impressed that he called John Smith his son and said if he wanted he might return to Jamestown, the white men's village.
So John Smith bade good-by to his "My priceless jewel, bring me your
said, it
little
Indian princess and
little
basket and
I
will
fill
with blue beads."
The
other Indian girls
all
envied Pocahontas her beautiful
beads. But to her nothing seemed
had
left.
and hungry in let
much fun
When she heard that John
her go to
their village, she
after her
Smith and
his
begged and prayed
them with food. She
white friend
people were sick till
her father
filled great baskets
with corn
and asked her playmates to help her carry them. Leading the procession through the woods, she trudged the long
town.
Many
way
to James-
times that winter Pocahontas came with food for the
settlers.
A
few years passed and Pocahontas grew to be
a beautiful
among her friends in Jamestown there was a young man whose name was John Rolfe. maiden. John Smith returned to England, but
He grew so fond of her that he felt he could not live without her. He said he would give her all that he had in the world and always be kind to her if she would marry him. Yes, maybe some day he would even take her to England. She gave him her hand and vowed to marry him if her father
That he did. So Pocahontas was christened and named Rebecca, for she must also have a Christian name. Then they had the wedding in Jamestown and made merry and feasted for many days. When some time had passed, Pocahontas had a little boy child. He was pinker than a white child and paler than an Indian child. said yes.
POCAHONTAS AND CAPTAIN JOHN SMITH he will be darker when he grows up/' The "Oh, he will be fairer when he grows up/' But to Pocahontas he was the most beautiful child in the whole world. It was told about in England that one of the Jamestown settlers had married an Indian princess. Everyone who heard about her wanted to see what she looked like. Soon it was decided that John Rolfe should take his family to England for a visit. Oh, how happy Pocahontas was. Now she would see for herself the wondrous things that John Smith had told her about. They sailed for days and they sailed for weeks and they sailed for months. At last they came to an English port. Much ado was made of Pocahontas. Great ladies opened their doors to her. They gave balls and banquets in her honor and took
The Indians
said, '"Oh,
white people
said,
her to the theater to see plays
written by William Shakespeare. Artists painted her portrait. Poets
wrote songs in her honor. Her
name was on everyone's lips. Then one day, whom should Pocahontas see but John Smith! There he stood among all the strangers. He bowed low before Pocahontas and called her Lady
He had
Rebecca. his little
not forgotten
Indian friend.
Pocahontas never returned to her
home
across the great water.
But when her son was
a
man, he
mother's
sailed to his
grown
country. There he became the father of a great big family. Adapted from Pocahontas
The True Story
of
Benjamin Franklin By Elbridge
ONE
DAY
when Benjamin
S.
Brooks
Franklin was about seven years
As
old there was a holiday in Boston.
Benjamin was given for a
good time,
was
shrill
whistle
and
on
clear,
his
and
a holiday present
handful of pennies, and started out
He made a
feeling as rich as a lord.
the toy shop; but,
:v-S
a
straight line for
way, he met a boy blowing at
more than anything
a whistle.
It
once Ben decided that he wished for else.
So he asked the boy to
offered his handful of pennies in exchange.
sell it,
a
and
The other boy took
all
he could get, of course, and Ben
walked away, feeling very proud of his purchase. Soon he was in the house, whistling with
Franklin
the
when
all his
might. But
family
laughed,
they found what Ben had
paid for the whistle.
"A
tradesman you are," they
fine said.
"Why, you might have bought four whistles at the toy shop for
what you have paid for one. Think what you might have bought with your money — and a whistle besides."
Ben always remembered the lesson he had learned that day.
More than sixty years afterwards, when he wrote the story of his life,
he
said, "I cried
with vexa-
my
and
tion;
reflections gave
more chagrin than
me
gave
When
pleasure.
me
the whistle I
was
tempted to buy some unnecessary thing,
'Don't
said to myself,
I
pay too
much
for the whistle!'
my money."
and so saved
But he was a wise little fellow, even
and
if he
his
did sometimes get sold;
playmates
found him to be
a
knew it. They good comrade,
venturesome,
jolly,
full
of plans,
the boy to be a leader in
just
sports and, sometimes, in pranks.
One of these
now
pranks got him
Down
into trouble.
Boston's
near what
crowded
is
water
front, there used to be a marsh. It
was
nows
a fine place to catch at
high
tide,
min-
and Ben and
the other boys did a great deal or fishing there.
much the
They went
there so
that they often trampled
low bank into a mudhole. "That ought to be fixed," said
Ben. "Let's build a wharf." a pile
now
Working
marsh.
The
of stones near by and lugged them to the min-
boys found
like beavers, they
soon had a fishing wharf.
But the stones had been intended for the and when the
workmen who were
cellar it
of
a
new
house,
discovered what had
fuss. Ben w as found to have been scheme and was quickly taken to task.
happened, there was a great the bottom of the
building T
2-5
at
THE TRUE STORY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN He took the boys just
punishment like a man; but he argued with his ought not to be punished. The stones were there; had to have a wharf; they had built a good one. But
his father did
not agree. "The stones were not yours to take, Ben,"
his
father that he
"What
not honest cannot be truly useful."
he
said.
all
So Ben Franklin learned another lesson, which stayed by him through his eventful life; that "honesty is the best policy."
is
This marsh was one of Ben's favorite playgrounds. During his
boyhood, Boston was half water, and Ben always loved the water.
He was a good hand in a boat; he was a strong and fearless swimmer. One of his earliest inventions was connected with swimming. He wished to fix up something so that he could swim long and far, and he
tried
two experiments. Once he got up
a sort
of push-board
or pallet for his hands, and also a broad kind of sandal or swim-
ming shoe
for his feet.
he found was to fly a the kite pull
These worked
kite.
fairly well;
but the best help
Fastening the string to his wrist, he
him through the water, while he
lay quietly
on
let
his
back, lowering or raising the kite as he wished to go faster or slower.
Ben was
a bright boy,
when he could not
read.
and he once said he did not remember
He
started to school early, and, at eight
was in the grammar school. He stood at the head of his class, and was promoted to higher classes twice within a year. Then he was sent to a "writing-school" to learn writing and arithmetic. But life was a hard struggle in the big Franklin family. When Ben was ten, his father, a candlemaker, took him out of school and put him to work in his own shop. His son, however, did not want to be a candlemaker. He hated to cut wicks and make moulds and run grease; he hated the touch and the smell. "I don't like it," he said. "I'd rather go to sea." Now, one of the Franklin boys had run away to sea, and the father did not wish to lose another in that way. When he saw that years of age,
x6
THE TRUE STORY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN Ben really make him
did dislike the trade of a candlemaker, he decided to a printer.
So Ben became an apprentice
in the printing
shop of his elder brother, James. At the same time he set out to educate himself.
He soon struck up an acquaintance with a number of boys who worked for the Boston booksellers. They would loan him books from their shelves, and he would sit up late at night — sometimes almost all night—to read the book through and have it back at the bookstore next morning. What little money he had to spend — and it
— he put into books. He read everything he could Up early in the morning, up late at night, he put every spare moment to use. Ben's brother called his newspaper the New England Courant.
was very
little
get hold of.
—
There were very few newspapers in the world then only four in all America, and three of these in Boston. Ben was a very busy boy
— setting
delivering printer,
man
it
type for the Courant, printing to the subscribers.
and newsboy
to get along with,
all
He was
in one.
and Ben's
it,
folding
his brother's tyranny,
But James Franklin was a hard was not a happy one. He was
and often
''talked back."
there were blows
from the elder brother,
could not stand
any longer.
it
Finally he told
and
lot
He fretted
an independent youth and used to speaking his mind.
under
it,
office boy, compositor,
until at last
Sometimes
Ben
felt
he
James that he would not work for him any more,
but James said he would have "I will not," said Ben.
to.
"There are other printers
in
Boston."
'Til fix them," said James.
And
He went
to every printer in town, and told them Ben was bound to him until he was twenty-one, and that they would get into trouble if they employed him. So, when the boy went about town looking for a new job, he could
he did.
that his brother
not get one. 2-7
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN Ben did
a
good
deal of thinking. His old
was gone. Study and was cut out for a printer, and a printer he would be. There were but three towns in all America large enough to support printers; Boston, New York, and Philadelphia. In Boston he could not and would not remain. So he decided to run away and go to New York. He sold some of his precious books to pay his passage, and a friend smuggled him on board a desire to be a sailor
success had
shown
that he
sailing vessel.
Thus
happened that on
a certain October morning in the Ben Franklin, aged seventeen, a runaway apprentice, bade a silent good-by to his boyhood home, and was soon on blue water, bound for new adventures. Unable to find a job in New York, Ben went on to Philadelphia. it
year 1723,
When
he arrived he had
twenty cents in coppers.
left
He
only one silver dollar and about
stepped out on the wharf, dirty, be-
draggled, hungry, sleepy, and seedy
— a tramp
printer looking for
a job.
But Ben was not a boy who was easily discouraged. He soon found a job as a printer, and later became Philadelphia's most honored citizen. During the next sixty years, he gave most of his time to winning freedom and glory for his native land. And no man ever did so many things for the comfort and benefit of mankind.
He improved
the printing press.
He
invented stoves.
double spectacles for near and farsighted people. that lightning
founded the
was
first
electricity,
He
and invented lightning
public library, the
first fire
He made men rods. He
taught
company, the
first
police service, the first magazine. Adapted from The True 2.8
Story of
Benjamin Franklin
L^fcfee -/
Young George Washington By James Baldwin
WHEN
George Washington was a boy in Virginia, once summer a ship came up the river to the plantation. It had come across the sea from far-away England, and it brought many things for those who were rich enough to pay for them. It brought bonnets and pretty dresses for George's mother and sisters. It brought perhaps a hat and a tailor-made suit every
for himself. It
brought tools and furniture and, once,
a
yellow
coach that had been made in London for his brother.
When
all
would goods at
these things had been taken ashore, the ship
hoist her sails
and go on farther up the
river, to leave
other plantations. In a few weeks it would come back and be moored again at the same place. Then there was a busy time on shore. The tobacco that had been raised during the last year must be carried on shipboard to be taken to the great tobacco markets in England. 2-9
The
slaves
YOUNG GEORGE WASHINGTON on the plantation were running back and and carrying bales of tobacco
down
forth, rolling barrels
to the landing. Letters
written to friends in England, and orders were
goods that were to be brought back next
made out
were
for the
year.
was over. The sails were again spread, and the ship glided away on its long voyage across the sea. George had seen this ship coming and going every year since he could remember. He must have thought how pleasant it would be to sail away to foreign lands and see the many wonderful things that are there. And then, like many another active boy, he began to grow tired of the quiet life on the farm, and wish that he might But
be a
in a
day or two,
all
this stir
sailor.
He was now
about fourteen years old, and
his father
had been
dead for three years. His mother, with her five children, found
it
hard work to manage her farm on the Rappahannock River and
make everything come out even
at the
end of each
year.
Was
it
not
time that George should be earning something for himself? But
what should he do? He wanted to go to sea. His elder half-brother, Lawrence, and even his mother thought that this might be the best thing. A bright boy like George would not long be a common sailor. He would soon make
his
way
to a high place in the King's navy. So, at least,
his friends believed.
A sea captain, who was known to George with him. He was to sail in a the meanwhile a letter had come to his mother,
The matter was
at last settled.
the family, agreed to take
short time. But in
from
his uncle
who
lived in England.
"If you care for the boy's future," said the
him go to he begins
The
sea. Places in the
as a sailor,
letter
letter,
"do not
let
King's navy are not easy to obtain. If
he will never be aught else."
convinced George's mother
—
brothers—that this going to sea would be 3°
it
a
half-convinced his sad mistake. But
YOUNG GEORGE WASHINGTON George,
like other
not listen to reason.
The
ship
was
boys of
A
in the river
to the landing to take his clothing
high glee
at
his age,
sailor
was headstrong. He would
he would be.
had been carried
A
waiting for him.
him on board. The
down
to
boat had
come
which held the bank. George was in little
chest
the thought of going.
"Good-by, Mother," he said. stood on the doorstep and looked back into the house. He saw the kind faces of those whom he loved. He began to feel very sad at the thought of leaving them. "Good-by, George!" He saw the tears welling up in his mother's eyes. He knew now that she did not want him to go. He could not bear to see her grief. "Mother, I have changed my mind," he said. "I will not be a
He
sailor. I will
not leave you."
bov who was waiting by the and tell them not to put the chest on board. Tell them that I have thought differently of the matter and that I am going to stay at home." After George Washington had changed his mind about going
Then he turned
door, and said,
to the colored
"Run down
to the landing
to sea, he studied surveying. His brother, Lawrence, had married
and
built a large
house
at
Mount Vernon, with a
ing on the Potomac River. Here George went to
had great love for the boy, and treated him have done.
great porch frontlive, for
Lawrence would
as his father
At Mount Vernon George kept on with his studies in surveyHe had a compass and surveyor's chain, and hardly a day passed that he was not out on the plantation, measuring his
ing.
brother's fields.
Sometimes while he was working, a tall, white-haired gentleover from Belvoir, the neighboring plantation, to talk with him. This gentleman was Sir Thomas Fairfax, who had
man would come
ately
come from England to look
after his lands in Virginia.
For he
was the owner of many thousands of acres
among
the mountains
and in the wild woods. that
when
He hoped
the land had been sur-
veyed, and some part of
it
laid
out in farms, people might be
persuaded to go there and
settle.
was not long before Sir Thomas and George were the best of friends. Often they would spend the morning together, talking or surveying; and in the afternoon they would ride out with hounds, hunting foxes and making fine sport of it among the woods and hills. Sir Thomas Fairfax saw how brave his young friend was, and how exact and careful in all that It
he did.
"Here
is
a
boy who gives promise of great things," he
said to
himself. "I can trust him."
Before the winter was over, he had 3
1
made
a bargain
with
his
YOUNG GEORGE WASHINGTON young
friend to survey his lands that lay
beyond the Blue Ridge
Mountains. George had many exciting adventures on that
and
Sir
Thomas was
well pleased with his work.
Through
trip,
his in-
fluence George Washington was appointed public surveyor.
His experience
as a
surveyor in the wilderness led George into
other great adventures. to carry an important
When
he was twenty-three, he was chosen
message to the French soldiers
ing to get control of the
Ohio
River Valley. The French and In-
War came alter that, and George served as a soldier. Later he became a great general in the dian
War lor Independence and helped the English colonies to
new nation— the United America.
He was
become
a
States of
the first Presi-
dent of the United States, and was so well loved that
him:
it
"He was first in
was
said of
war,
first in
peace, and first in the hearts oi his
countrymen." Adapted from Four Great American*
who were try-
Alexander Mackenzie,
A
Hero of Canada
By Maxine Shore and M. M. Oblinger
ONCE
again Alexander Mackenzie was going on a trip
—this
time to Montreal. Astride a small roan mare, Alex was
this
re-
membering another journey which had changed his life, as one would surely do. At ten, he had left his birthplace in the
Hebrides, off the coast of Scotland, to the thriving rebellion had
New World
sail
settlement of
across the Atlantic to
New
York.
A
year later
broken out in the American colonies, but the Mac-
kenzies were Loyalists; that
is,
they had remained loyal to the
There were many bitter quarrels and sometimes fighting between those who were loyal to the King and those who were not, and many Loyalists were forced to flee to Canada. British King.
His aunts had insisted that Alex join
and had promised to join him train
a party
later in
of Loyalist refugees,
Montreal.
As
the refugee
plunged into deeper and deeper wilderness, he had 34
a
chance
w
\
to
become well acquainted with
brisk
woman
"It
is
a terrible thing
are forced
Mrs. McDonell,
his aunt's rriend,
a
past middle age.
from
when
God-fearing, law-abiding settlers
their hard-earned
homes," she told Alex grimlv.
"This new country should be big enough, land knows, for everybody."
"How
big?" asked Alex.
"America? Well, no one knows across
it
exactly.
"They haven't!" Alex, amazed, turned ward. care
No
one's been clear
to find out yet."
How
what
could folks be content not to
lay
his
head to look west-
know? Didn't anyone
beyond?
Mrs. McDonell gave him an understanding glance, "All young lads
hunger for the horizon, Alex. But most grow out of it." 35
ALEXANDER MACKENZIE, A HERO OF CANADA Young Alexander Mackenzie drew
a deep, steady breath.
"I won't," he said.
Montreal!
Alex began to
him
treated
Was
there ever a fairer
feel that
like a son,
Alex explored
his
town? After
a
few months
he had always lived there. Mrs. McDonell
and her many relatives welcomed him kindly.
romantic
new surroundings
whenever
eagerly,
he could. Beyond the town lay the gardens, orchards, and beautiful estates
of the aristocracy. There, too, were the charming farms of
the habitants, the humbler French settlers
And when
who worked
the land.
he tired of tramping the quiet, fragrant earth, there
was always the water front to visit. The ceaseless coming and going had for him a breathless appeal. Having learned French easily, he would listen to the stories and chansons (songs) of the French voyageurs (travelers) who carried on a fur trade with the Indians. High in the returning bateaux (boats) were piled the shining peltries, and Alex began to realize that furs were the wealth of the North. At Montreal the furs were stored and packed for shipment to England, there to be sold. But this rich commerce depended
upon the friendliness of the Indians, who could be won with strings of bright beads, looking glasses,
warm English-woven
blankets,
and tobacco.
The
first
water front.
spring after Alex arrived in Montreal, he haunted the
He was
fascinated by watching the skillful
canoemen
load the canoes with trade goods, supplies, and ammunition for the trip into the interior.
So absorbed was he one morning that he was
when someone came up behind him. Stepping back out way of a busy worker, he trampled the toes of Simon Mc-
not aware
of the
Tavish, one of the wealthiest and most important of the fur traders. his cane down hard on the boy's some manners, young scoundrel!" Alex's eyes smarted from the stinging blow. "I'm no scoundrel, — sir. If I stepped on you, I'm sorry. But it was an accident. Surely
Mr. McTavish brought
shoulders. "Learn
ALEXANDER MACKENZIE, A HERO OF CANADA "Surely
— " Again the cane rapped him smartly — "surely
I'll
not
be talked back to."
Flaming with indignation, Alex threw back
his
dark curly head.
He was a tall man— without doubt a man to be feared and obeyed by the voyageurs and others who had to do business with him. But Alex Mr. McTavish's
lips
were
set in a thin, tight line.
haughty
was not inclined
to
do
either.
"Surelv," he said, "I will not be caned after proper apology." brilliant wide-set eyes met those of the older man defiantly. Simon McTavish's brows drew together over his nose in a black frown. "Will you not, young rascal? Indeed, 'tis time you were
His
taught respect for your betters."
Simon McTavish, paling with anger, posefully. it
away.
But before
He
flung
it
it
raised his stick again pur-
could descend, Alex caught
it
and wrenched
to the ground.
With an outraged
roar,
McTavish reached for him. Alex turned
ducking through the crowd of Indians and voyageurs. He plunged into a dim street. Behind him he could hear running feet. A habitant's cart blocked his way. Desperately, he darted into and
ran,
the dark suer
went
doorwav of
a shop.
He would
hide here until his pur-
by.
man who had followed had seen where Alex went. He "Young man, are vou Alexander Mackenzie?" "Y-yes, sir." No use to flee now. They knew his name. They could track him down wherever he was, and mete out fitting punishment to a boy who had been impudent to the great Simon But the
hurried toward him.
McTavish. "I'm John Gregory, lad."
The man was smiling— actually he was holding out
"Good day
his
hand!
to you, sir," faltered Alex.
The name of John Gregory he recognized instantly, a noted one in the fur business.
He was
a partner
37
of the firm of Gregory and
J J%^!HU!i^*^-. i
McLeod. Alex had often passed the business house with that in-
on the door. Mr. Gregory was considering him earnestly. Alex shifted unscription
easily. Finally,
nodded,
John Gregory
as if satisfied.
"Young man," he
said,
"you
man, who ever stood up to Simon McTavish." "Oh, sir, it was all an accident. I never meant—'
are the first, boy or
"You mean "Oh, sorry
it
yes,
you're sorry?"
That
sir.
I'm
is,
happened."
"And
never do
you'll
it
again?"
Alex took
a
long, uneven
breath. "I cannot promise," he said.
"After I've
apology for
mean
The Englishman's
eyes,
made proper
a mistake,
I
don't
to be caned by anyone."
oddly enough, were twinkling.
He
reached a hand to Alex's shoulder.
"Lad, I could use a clerk like you in my business." Alex could not speak. It was as if Mr. Gregory had dug into his very mind and brought forth his greatest desire. He was fifteen
now, wanting to earn
his
own
livelihood and to take care of his
aunts, too, if necessary. If his aunts
were anything
Loyalists pouring into Canada, they destitute
when
they arrived.
prove himself a man.
It
like the other
would probably be almost
was high
time, Alex resolved, to
1 "Oh,
sir,"
he cried eagerly,
"I'd like nothing better than to
go
into the fur business.
hard,
I
I'll
work
promise. You'll never be
sorry for giving
me
John Gregory
this
chance."
smiled. "I'm
sure of that, lad. You're a likely
young man. you'll
go
'Tis
my
opinion
far."
Promising to report early the following morning, Alex parted
from Mr. Gregory. He walked
down
the
street,
his
thoughts
dancing with excitement. The day's misfortune had been transformed miraculously into fortune. Opportunity had knocked, and
his future stretched
ahead
in-
vitingly.
When
Alex grew up, he befamous fur trader and explorer. He discovered the Mackenzie River, which was named for him. Three years later he blazed a new trail all the way to the Pacific Ocean. He was the first white man who ever reached the Pacific Ocean by crossing the northern part of the continent, but his journey was more than mere highhearted adventure. He discovered a fabulously rich country, and opened a new land for people to live in. His journey made history, for it did more than any one thing to weld the territories of the North together in one country Canada, a great commonwealth of free men.
came
a
Adapted from Knight
39
of the Wilderness
The Boy Lafayette and
the
Wolf
By James Baldwin
FRANCE
IN
there once lived
famous man who was known as the Marquis de a
When
Lafayette.
boy
his
mother
he was a called
him
little
Gil-
bert. .
Gilbert de Lafayette's father
and grandfather and great-grandfather had all been brave and noble men.
He
wished that he
might grow up to be like them. His home was in the country not far from a great forest. Often, when he was a little boy, he took long walks his
among
the trees with
mother. "Mother," he would
say,
"do not be
you, and
I
afraid. I
am
with
will not let anything
hurt you."
One day word came
that
a
savage wolf had been seen in the
Men said that it was a very wolf and that it had killed some of the farmers' sheep. "How I should like to meet
forest.
large
that wolf," said Gilbert.
but
He was only seven years old, now all his thoughts were
about the savage beast that was 40
:*ar r
*
"
in the forest.
we
"Shall
take
a
walk
this
morning?" asked his mother. "Oh, yes! " said Gilbert. "Perhaps we may see that wolf among the trees. But don't be afraid/'
His mother smiled, for she felt sure
quite
there
that
was no
danger.
They did not go
far into the
woods. The mother
the shade of a tree and began to read a
sat
down
new book which
in
she had
bought the day before. The boy played on the grass near by. The sun was warm. The bees were buzzing among the flowers. The birds were singing softly. Gilbert looked up from his play and saw that
his
mother was deeply interested
"Now for the
in her
book.
wolf!" he said to himself.
quickly, but quietly, down the pathway into the He looked eagerly around, but saw only a squirrel among the trees and a rabbit hopping across the road.
He walked darker woods. frisking
Soon he came to a wilder place. There the bushes were very and the pathway came to an end. He pushed the bushes aside and went a little farther. How still everything was! He could see a green open space just beyond; and then the woods seemed to be thicker and darker. close together
its
just the place for that wolf,"
"This
is
Then,
all at
way through
was coming toward him. not see me till it comes very jump out and throw my arms around its neck and
the bushes.
"It's the wolf,
near.
Then
choke
it
I
he thought.
once, he heard footsteps. Something was pushing
will
It
I'm sure!
It will
to death."
The animal was coming
nearer.
He
could hear
its
footsteps.
He
could hear
He
its
stood very
heavy breathing.
and waited.
still
me," he
"It will try to bite
thought. "Perhaps
it
will scratch
me with its sharp claws. I
choke
with
it
Then
I
my
will drag
bushes and
and
But
I
will
will not cry out. I will
be brave.
call
strong arms. it
out of the
mamma
to
come
see it."
The beast was very close to him now. He could see its shadow as he peeped out through the clusters
came
*"
of leaves.
fast.
firmly and
He
His
breath
planted his feet
made ready
to spring.
Ah, there was the wolf! He saw its shaggy head and big round eyes. He leaped from his hiding place and It
clasped
it
round
its
neck.
did not try to bite or scratch.
It
did not even growl. But
it
jumped quickly forward and threw Gilbert upon the ground. Then it ran out into the open space and stopped to gaze at him. Gilbert was soon on his feet again. He was not hurt at all. He looked at the beast, and— what do you think it was? 41
THE BOY LAFAYETTE AND THE WOLF It
was not
a wolf. It
was only
a pet calf that
had come there to
browse among the bushes. The boy felt very much ashamed. He hurried back to the pathway, and then ran to his mother. Tears were in his eyes but he tried to look brave.
"Oh,
where have you been?"
Gilbert,
Then he
"Never mind, brave, and
it is
mother.
my
"You were very You faced what and you were not afraid. You are
dear," said his mother.
lucky that the wolf was not there.
you thought was
mv
said his
told her. His lips quivered and he began to cry.
a great danger,
hero."
Marquis de Lafayette became
a soldier
when he grew up and
helped the American people during the American Revolution.
He was the friend of General Washington. He is remembered as a hero who helped the United States to become free and independent. From
%**«**
iftk
-
-
ll-
-
-
LJf
Fifly
Famous
People
Daniel
New Home
W
Boone's
in Kentucky
By Enid LaMonte Mea dowcroft
"HY doesn't Pa come home, Jamie?" asked Jemima Boone, looking
at
her brothers. "I'm so worried about him.
Do
you think the Indians have killed him?" "Maybe," James said, soberly. "Or maybe he's lost in the wilder-
ness.
Or maybe—"
broke in quickly. "Don't you talk that way, James Boone!" he exclaimed. "Our Pa can take care of himself anywhere. When he went away he said he was going to find that place the Israel
Indians he'll
call
Kentucky. He'll find
come back from
meat and
furs.
He
will,
it,
too.
And one
of these days
there with his horses loaded
James,
I
know he
A
down
with
will."
few days later Israel was sitting on the log step before the North Carolina where the Boone family lived. He had hoed the corn, which was now two inches high. He had hauled cabin in
44
NEW HOME
DANIEL BOONE'S
IN
KENTUCKY
from the woodpile for his mother's fire. He had helped James bring the cows in from the forest and milk them. Now he just wanted to sit still until his mother called him in to supper. Often he sat listening like this, for some day he meant to be a in logs
great hunter like his father, Daniel Boone.
And
he
knew
that great
hunters must have well-trained ears.
They must be able to hear the least little rustling of trees and They must catch the sound of a snapping twig. They must
bushes.
know all
the bird
calls,
the other big and
The sounds
and the noise that the wild turkey makes, and little
sounds of the deep
came loudest
that
forest.
to Israel's ears
now were
the
sounds from the cabin behind him. Through the open door he could hear the whirring of his mother's spinning wheel.
He could hear the voices of his who were getting supper. And he little
children, Lavinia
and Danny,
sisters,
Jemima and Susannah,
could hear the laughter of the
who were
playing on the cabin
tloor.
Beyond the his ears.
A
a neighbor's
hound dog barked
Then, from brought
far
Boones!"
a
wood
away
a
thrush came to crow cawed. And
twice.
down the winding road,
Israel to his feet in
''Hello,
there,
clearing the sweet call of a
squirrel chattered noisily. Far
there
came
a
sound that
an instant.
man's voice called
in the distance.
"Hello
Boones!"
"Pa has come," is home!"
Israel
shouted joyfully. "Pa has come, every-
body! Pa
And from
he raced off
down
the road as
though he had been shot
a cannon.
Inside the cabin Susannah, his sister, cried, "Pa's
She put
down
the noggin of milk she
Danny from the floor. Jemima grabbed Lavinia by
the hand. Mrs. 45
come home!"
was carrying and snatched
Boone jumped up
from her spinning wheel. James dropped the moccasin he was mending. Together they all crowded through the cabin door. And they ran
down
the road as fast as they could go.
was just light enough for them to see Daniel Boone. He was coming round the bend of the road. He was all alone, and he was walking. Israel reached him first.'! knew you would come! I knew you would come!" he cried joyfully. And he threw his arms around his It
father.
Mr. Boone hugged him close. He shook James by the hand. Then he held out his arms to his wife and the girls. Mrs. Boone cried a
little
with happiness and everyone asked questions
as they ran to
"Are you
"Why
hug him. all
right?"
did you stay so long?"
"Did you
find
Kentucky?" 46
at
once
'AW "What have you done with the pack horses?" "Where have you been all this time?" "Did you have any trouble with Indians?" Mr. Boone laughed. "Hold on a minute," he said. "I am hungry enough to eat six porcupines, quills and all. Give me time to get a good meal under my belt. Then I will tell you everything." When they sat down to supper, Israel was too excited to eat.
He
could not wait any longer to begin asking questions.
"Where
are
your horses, Pa, and your meat and skins?" he
asked.
"The Indians
stole
them," Mr. Boone announced. "They
caught me, too. They caught time
I
me
twice. But I fooled them.
Each
got away."
"Did you find
Kentucky country?" asked Israel, as his end of the table. found Kentucky," he said, cutting off a big slice of that
father reached for the loaf of bread at the other
"Yes,
I
47
DANIEL BOONE'S
NEW HOME
IN
KENTUCKY
saw every little bit of it, too." Then he looked at his wife. "Kentucky is a fine land, Ma," he told her between bites. "There aren't any white men around to scare off the game. So the deer come right out on the meadows thousands of them, all as fat as our hogs at killing time. "Wild ducks and geese and turkeys fly all around. And the bread with his hunting knife. "I reckon
Why,
buffalo!
hoofs
there are so
many
I
buffalo that the noise of their
louder than the loudest thunder you ever heard."
is
at his family. "How would you Kentucky?" he asked. "I found a mighty pretty spot out there where we can build us a nice cabin." For a moment everyone at the table was too surprised to speak. Then Jemima exclaimed, "Oh, Pa, I'd like it!" "So would I," agreed James. "Me, too," Israel said. And he grinned from ear to ear. But Mrs. Boone looked down at little Danny, who had fallen asleep in her arms, and shook her head. "No, Dan," she said. "We don't want to move to Kentucky. A cabin out in the Indians' country is no place for children to
He
stopped and looked around to
all like
go out and
live in
grow up." "It isn't the Indians' country," Daniel are
no Indians
But to
living there.
They hunt
Boone
declared.
"There
there and they fight there.
my mind the country doesn't belong to any of them
because
they don't live there." "I don't want to go," Susannah declared. "It will be lonesome
out there with nothing but Indians and wild animals.
I
want—'
"Maybe it won't be so lonesome," he said. "Maybe we can get some of our neighbors to go along, too. We'll build us a fort and make our own settlement. Why, some day maybe we'll even have a school there and a Sunday meetingHer
father interrupted her.
house."
He
looked
at his
wife again.
"How
48
about
it,
Ma?"
he asked.
Mrs. Boone did not answer
At
for a minute.
last
slowly, "Yes, if you
she said
want
to start a settlement in
tucky, and i£ you can get
to try
Kensome
other families to go along, we'll
go with you."
Through
the years that fol-
lowed, thousands of families traveled over the road
had blazed, to
Boone West
settle in the
and to help build America. From On
Indian Trails with Daniel Boone
The Story of Dolly Madison By Helen A. Monsell
HER NAME
wasn't Dolly Madison
was Dolly Payne. in Virginia, not
When
many
she was a
when little
she was born. It Quaker girl living
people had ever heard of her.
The
Revolutionary War was going on and nobody had time to pay much attention to children.
But when she grew up, she married James Madison, who became the fourth President of the United States. So then she was called Dolly Madison, and as Dolly Madison she is remembered ever since.
now
a brand-new city on the banks of the Potomac George Washington. It was built expressly to be the capital of these new United States. There was a very new house in this very new city. It was built for the President of the United
There was
River,
named
for
States.
The
big
And how friends.
White House was Dolly's own home
she enjoyed
She had
Now,
teas
at last,
it!
for eight years.
She gave fine dinners for her husband's
and receptions and
parties of every kind.
she could wear the beautiful clothes she had 5°
DOLLY MADISON always longed for
when
she was a
They were finer even As a little Quaker girl,
little girl.
than anything she had ever dreamed about.
Dolly could never have imagined herself in a dress of rose-colored satin,
with a white velvet train two yards long! She never even a gold girdle with a gold necklace and bracelets, or of
dreamed or
ostrich tips in her hair, with a gold-embroidered crown.
wore
all
But
it
wasn't because of her fine clothes that everybody
Dolly and loved her. It
Yet she
these one night at the President's reception.
It
knew
wasn't because of her dinners and parties.
was because she liked to help other people enjoy themselves.
She liked to make them comfortable.
And when
she
made
a promise, she kept
it.
During the War of 1812 the enemy was very near Washington. Many people were leaving the city. But Dolly was not afraid. "I shall wait until
There was Gilbert Stuart
"Do you son. "If the
a
my
husband comes back," she
said.
very valuable painting of George Washington by
which hung
suppose
it is
in her dining
room.
safe?" asked Mrs. Washington's grand-
enemy should break through—"
"Don't worry,"
said Dolly. "I'll see that
it is
taken care of."
But the next day there was fighting only a few miles from the city. It was so close that Dolly could hear the cannon. Then the
American troops began to give way. Soon the streets of Washington were filled with people rushing
enemy arrived. "The Redcoats are coming! They will burn the town!" At last two messengers came dashing up to the White House. They were covered with dust. They brought Dolly word from her to get across the river before the
husband:
"We
have
lost.
You must
leave at once."
The day before, Dolly had packed her husband's most valuable Government papers into trunks that would fill her carriage. There was no room for her own belongings. Now, as she hurried through
DOLLY MADISON the dining room, she could pick up only what little silver she
could crowd into her handbag.
But there was George Washpicture. She couldn't leave that. She had promised it
ington's
would be taken care of. It was a large painting. Its back was screwed to the wall. It was hung so high one had to climb on a stepladder to reach it.
"Hurry! Dolly's friends. at
Hurry!" cried "You must leave
once."
But Dolly called to her serv"Come, John, we must get
ant.
the picture
down,
first."
There was no time to take
it
from its frame. "Get your ax and break the frame," said Dolly. And, no matter how great the
need for hurrying, she waited until the picture was carefully taken out, rolled up, and carried safely away. Then she was ready to join her friends.
The White House was burned. So was the Capitol. The
fires
lighted the sky so that the red glare could be seen for miles miles.
5
1
It
was
a
and
ruined city to
DOLLY MADISON which Dolly returned,
a
few days
later.
But she was never one to
fret
over what she couldn't help. She
found
made It
when
a it
new
was
a
Soon she had home. very happy home
house.
into a
news of peace came. Its doors stood open wide. It was crowded with friends who had come to rejoice with Dolly and her husband. The servants the
joined in the gaiety, until one of
them wrote, "Such another joytime was not seen in all Wash-
ful
ington."
So Dolly became famous. The
marching home from the war cheered before her house. soldiers
It
did.
wasn't because of what she
She was so busy taking care
of people who were doing big and important things, she never had a chance to do them herself.
She didn't expect people to
think that she was wise or brave or smart. She was just helpful and
And that was enough. was enough to make Dolly Madison one of the best-loved
friendly. It
women
in
American
history.
Adapted from Dolly Madison, Quaker Girl SI
Robert Fulton
Makes
Work
the Paddles
By Clara Ingram Judson
THE YEAR
that
Robert Fulton was fourteen, he went on
his usual spring visit to his
Pennsylvania. Mr. Isch,
aunt in Little Britain Township,
who owned
the blacksmith shop in
Lancaster where Robert worked after school,
let him off from the was for the Fulton family to have the wool and maple sugar and meat which the boy would
shop, for he
knew how important
it
bring back. Visiting his aunt meant doing a lot of hard work, of course, but was fun for a change. His aunt loved him dearly and treated him as an honored guest. Often she gave him clothes and money for
it
books, and always she listened eagerly to his
"What will you draw tonight, Robert?"
talk.
she asked as he opened
evening of his stay. She loved watching him draw. It seemed
his portfolio the first
plain piece of paper
become
a
person or 54
like
a scene
magic to
see a
or a pattern right
ROBERT FULTON before her eyes.
Her
fingers were skillful at knitting and weaving,
sewing and spinning, but clumsy with
making wheels. No, they
aren't
a pencil.
"Looks
like you're
wheels either." She dropped her
knitting and stared, fascinated.
"They
are not wheels like
and these things that look put in more
on
like
a cart,
ma'am. This
wheels are
is a
windlass
really paddles."
Robert
ma'am? These are the paddles I'm putting on now. They fasten on at the end. They will move a boat." "Move a boat! Those? Without poling?" "Yes. You turn the windlass here"— he pointed with his pencil. "The wheel moves here and the paddles turn through the water lines.
"See,
and the boat moves."
"Now you're funning me, nephew!" She laughed with easy good humor. "You can't move a boat with a picture!" "No, not with a picture. But with real paddles made like the picture. As soon as I've finished the drawing, I'll make a model and you shall see it." She picked up her knitting. No use wasting time, and she wanted to finish the jacket to send back to Robert's brother. But she watched carefully as she knitted and saw Robert finish the drawing. Then he gathered materials for the model, a board, some bits of wood, wire, and metal. Under her very eyes, the model took shape, not in one evening, but slowly, as Robert worked on it
every spare minute.
The tried
it
was
finished,
and Robert gleefully
in the great rain barrel. It
worked!
He
last
day of his stay
it
turned the small
windlass and slowly, smoothly, the paddles went round and
round. The boat moved! time
at all!
It
ran into the side of the rain barrel in no
His aunt could hardly believe her eyes and she watched
eagerly as he adjusted this and that to
make
"It's a pretty toy," she admitted,
make
it.
But don't get to thinking that 55
it
perfect.
"and you're a
toy
is
a
smart lad to
like a real
boat that
ROBERT FULTON has to be poled/'
ma'am." Robmodel from the water and carefully wiped it dry. "I'll make a real scow work just as this does when I get home. But "It's
ert
I
not
a toy,
the
lifted
could never carry this with all have to take with me. Any-
else I
way,
I
have this fixed in
May
I
put
it
my mind.
in the attic,
ma'am?
Have you room?" "All the room you want, lad," his
aunt told him cordially.
take care that
it's
It is a pretty
next time you come. thing."
model,
She still
studied
before
the
puzzled by the
worked. She
little
many
"I'll
here for you
little
way
it
guessed that
years
passed,
it
would be brought down from the attic and set on the living-room mantel to be admired by visitors
from near and far. As soon as possible after his return home, Robert dashed off to
Gumpf, about his model. "I made it exactly like
tell
his
the drawing and
friend,
it
Christopher
works, Chris!
It
scow when he goes fishing. We can go up or down the river, and it'll be no work at all." "Don't you use a pole?" Christopher wondered. "Oh, maybe we'll need to push off from shore. But we'll not works!
We
can try
it
on your
father's
ROBERT FULTON use a pole for pushing the boat.
"Well,
we
shall see."
I
promise you."
Christopher did not sound very encour-
aging.
"That we
shall,"
agreed Robert cheerfully.
"And
we'll not tell
was enough to promise that, because he did not like the thought or the teasing he would get when the thing failed. The two boys collected planks and boards. Robert begged and bought scrap iron from Mr. Isch and worked evenings at the forge a
person, not one,
done and
till it's
tried out." Christopher
willing
until he had made a crank and windlass, according to his design. They made matching paddles, by fastening stout, slender planks at right angles and mounting a crosspiece at each end. The crank
was attached
to the
scow
cross-
wise near the stern.
"Think how speedy
a
light
boat would be," Robert said, as
hammered in the Dark would soon overtake them and he wanted to finish
they fitted and twilight.
that evening. "This old thing
clumsy a
new
as
boat, Chris."
"If the paddles work,
we
is
an old cow. Let's make
maybe
could." "They'll work." Robert had
no
fears.
"You
tell
vour father
f&iP
ROBERT FULTON
we'll go fishing about six, tomorrow. We've only to set the paddle wheels and we can do that in half an hour.
I'll
not bother
about supper."
Next day Deter Gumpf, Christopher's father, was there
but the scow was gone. A sound up toward the bend caught his attention what was that thing, coming downriver? A scow that looked for all the world at six,
—
like his, except for
queer contrap-
on each side, was coming toward him. Christopher was sitting at the stern. Robert was standing, turning something up and down, round and round. tions
"They work!" Christopher shouted when he "The paddles work!" Deter
Gumpf
stared, speechless.
Had
spied his father.
those boys ruined his
scow?
Two
boys
pher's shout.
scow
who were
glide slowly
paddles. Mr.
"You
setting squirrel traps also heard Christo-
They pushed
aside the bushes just in time to see the
toward the bank
Gumpf stepped
see, sir,"
as
Robert stopped turning the
aboard.
they heard Robert explain, "you turn this crank,
And the paddles move the boat. Gumpf looked doubtful. "Want to try it?" "No, you do it." Deter Gumpf preferred to sit. So Robert
and that moves the paddles— so. It's
simple." Mr.
turned the crank and the scow
moved
"Hi! Take us!" the boys shouted.
along.
ROBERT FULTON "Another time! Perhaps Mr. Robert.
Then
as
Gumpf will invite you," answered
an afterthought he added, "But
have to take your turn
at the
if
you
ride,
you
windlass."
Robert's success was greater than he expected. He not only was relieved of poling but of cranking, too. The village boys were glad enough to take their turn at cranking for the excitement of
going along. The wonder of that scow lasted
all the summer. She was ceremoniously christened George Washington. Robert enjoyed the success (and the easy fishing trips), but after the first evening his mind left the old scow far behind. If a hand-turned crank moved a boat, why wouldn't a steam engine do the task even better? Night after night he turned the problem over in his mind, and, when Robert Fulton grew up, he did find a way to make a steam engine move a boat. He built the steamship Clermont and on Aug-
ust 17, 1807, he
New York Many
a trip by steam
an evening, as his family
his children
story
made
up the Hudson River from
City to Albany.
would beg
sat before the sitting-room fire,
for stories of his boyhood. Their favorite
was the one about the boat with paddles.
"You
called
it
the George Washington, didn't you, Father?"
young Robert asked. "Was it hard to turn the paddles?" "Yes, it was hard— but easier than poling, at that!" his answered. "And boys always wanted to do that job!"
father
"I wish I'd lived then!" Small Robert's eyes sparkled as he
stood on the hearthrug and stared
"Don't say a better time!
that,
at his father adoringly.
son!" Robert Fulton exclaimed.
And, some day, maybe
"You
live at
you'll see a steamboat cross
the ocean!" "Really, Father?
You
think of wonderful things!" the children
said.
Adapted from Boat Builder
59
John James Audubon, the
Boy
Who Loved Birds
By Carolyn Sherwin Bai
"OHN AUDUBON stepmother
J
so
much
who
that she
had
a
loved him
came
close
The family lived in the small town of Nantes in the Loire Valley of France. John to spoiling him.
and
his father
nearly
plantations;
New
Orleans with
that crossed the Atlantic silks;
he
is
had been travelers
of John's ten years.
Santo Domingo, with
its
clipper ships, spices,
and coffee
its
his father
in the breakfast
was
jungles,
beautiful gardens; sailing ships
Ocean with cargoes of
France in the period of 1790
by the boy, because first,
all
—
all
tea, indigo,
and
these had been experienced
a trader.
But when
room of the house
we
in Nantes,
see
John
and with
him is Mignonne, his pet parrot. Mignonne was a wiser parrot than most. Perched on the back of John's chair she plumed her gold and green feathers and talked in French.
She always had her breakfast with the boy, and that
morning she ordered in her sharp voice, warm milk, a roll, and some sugar. John's good stepmother hurried in with the breakfast tray, but before she could set it down a flying ball of fur dropped from the top of a chest of drawers in the corner of the room. Before either the
boy or his mother could do anything, John's pet monkey,
who had also been waiting for breakfast, had caught poor Mignonne about the neck and choked her to death. This
is
a sad
way to begin a
story, but
60
Mignonne's death
started
JOHN JAMES AUDUBON a
deep love ot birds
When
heart.
monkey
in
Mignonne
killed
0m
John's
jealous
his
little
in a fit
of temper, John made up his mind that no other bird should die
it
he could help
At
it.
time Mr. Audubon,
this
John's father, was
away
at sea.
had entered
he
Before sailing,
John in a day school in Nantes, where he would be taught the lessons that were thought best for a boy in those days: drawing, geography,
arithmetic,
and fencing. John loved ing lessons,
draw-
and soon showed
that he could paint better than
music,
his
and sketch
any of his classmates.
But he liked to escape from
mm
his
hard school bench into the forest
and follow the banks of the River Loire, looking tor he wanted to spend
a
birds.
When
day in the woods watching the ways ot birds
rabbits, his mother packed a large basket of lunch for him. Soon his room looked like a museum. The walls were covered with
and
paintings of birds, and the shelves with birds' nests. All the drawers
held birds' eggs, pressed flowers, and pebbles, each one caretullv labeled.
John was teaching himself
helped him very father
came home from
On
little girl
to be a naturalist, but this
school work.
And
after a
while his
his sea trip.
at home, Mr. Audubon called John and drawing room to test them in their school work. played a piece on the piano without the music notes.
his first
evening
his sister into the
The
little in his
JOHN JAMES AUDUBON She read some French stories, repeated the arithmetic tables, and all the figures of a minuet. But, alas, John failed in everything that he should have been learning at school. His father did danced
not scold him, but the next morning John's trunk was packed and
took him in a carriage to the depot where horses for were waiting. John James Audubon was sent to a boarding school, far away from the forests of Nantes. The change, though, was for the better. The lessons John had
his father
Paris
at his
new
school helped him in his study of outdoors. Geography
taught him
how
it
how
climate controls the
affects the habits
growth of plants and flowers,
of birds and animals. Painting was added
John Audubon made two hundred drawings and paintwas sixteen years old, and his school marks were so high that his father gave the boy a trip to America as a reward. to drawing.
ings of birds and animals before he
Mr. Audubon had
a business friend in the
United
States, Miles
Mr. Fisher owned Mill-Grove Farm, not far from the city of Philadelphia, a place of wide fields, avenues of trees, thick orchards, an old mill, and a delightful cave in which Fisher, the Quaker.
the peewees built their nests and sang. There Mr.
Audubon
left
John. Mill-Grove Farm was almost as pleasant a place as Nantes, but
its
only drawback in John Audubon's eyes was the stern rule
of Mr. Fisher. After what he considered a sufficient vacation, he sent John to school, had him work on the farm every day after school, and allowed
him
to spend only his spare time studying
nature.
John thought of running away, but one day he met Lucy Bakewho lived on the next farm. Lucy was an outdoor girl and loved birds and flowers almost as dearly as John did. Together they skated in the winter and had picnics in the summer. John well,
watched and listened to one bird every day, learning its song, nesting ways, and coloring. Lucy helped him with the school work 6z
ItZ'
JOHN JAMES AUDUBON and John taug
that he disliked,
Lucy how
paint and draw.
to
When John's
schooling was over,
he decided to go out West, where the plains were covered with different kinds of flowers,
and there
were strange birds and animals to study. Lucy Bakewell promised to take care of John's collec-
tion
of birds' nests, eggs, and
drawings, and wait for his return.
That was the beginning of John James Audubon's adventurous
life.
He
traveled through the
entire United States, walking, riding horseback, following the rivers in a f latboat. After awhile he
came back to Mill-Grove Farm
and married Lucy. They went West and opened
a general store
Louisville, Kentucky.
But John Audubon found standing behind tiresome as school had been.
He made
his
way
a store
Valley to study water birds. After that he found
museum
counter as
to the Mississippi
work
in the
new
of Cincinnati, stuffing and arranging the museum's col-
lection of birds.
and animal
life
Soon he traveled on
again, always following bird
and making such paintings of them
as the
world
had never known. In is
many
states
May
4,
the birthday of
John James Audubon,
celebrated as Bird Day. But he liked children to keep every day
as Bird
Day— a
time for watching and loving one bird, one small
wild creature, or one flower. Because of his story which began with
Mignonne, the parrot, boys and girls all over our land and in foreign countries as well have banded together to keep wild birds safe and
happy. Adapted from
63
Tell
Me
a Birthday Story
A New, BrightWorldj orJenny hind By Laura Benet
NOW Sit
PUSSY, Askade still,
Pussy,
my
(beloved), you shall hear this tune.
child,
and don't leap about
so.
Come
now."
A
spoke from the window sill Widows' House in Stockholm, Sweden. Seated beside her was a big, handsome cat with a blue ribbon round its neck, purring violently. The cat's mistress threw back her head and there poured into the plainly furnished room a pale-cheeked, plain
of the steward's room
song
little girl
at
the
— clear, sweet, and golden as sunlight.
gratified, blinked one eye, and promptly went to Jenny drew the furry ball into her lap and began to sing again. The room in which they sat alone had the usual big, airtight stove, brightly painted wooden chairs, and gay coverings.
Pussy looked
sleep.
64
A NEW, BRIGHT Swedish folk
WORLD FOR JENNY
like color in their
homes,
LIND
as well as
music.
It
was
here that Jennv Lind had come, because of family difficulties, to live
with her beloved grandmother.
The window, Jenny's favorite, looked out on the street leading up to St. Jacob's Church. Today the street was full of vehicles, as well as people passing on foot. Jenny did not notice various
who
persons to
hum
and
stopped to
in response.
sell,
stood
who had come
stock-still, tears
voung banker's sweetheart
listen to her singing.
Farmers,
who
clerk,
Young men began into the city to
welling into their eyes.
hurrying by, said to himself,
could sing like that.
One might
buy
Or some
"Oh
for a
then never
feel
tired."
But the little girl, Jenny Lind, was not aware of their thoughts. was September, 1829, and in a week or two she would be nine years old. The past year at the Widows' House had been the happiest of her unhappy childhood.
It
Downstairs lived the caretaker couple, kindly folk
who
asked
no particular tasks of her. Upstairs were her pious, devoted grandmother and the other widows in their caps and kerchiefs who sat for the most part doing needlework or spinning at their wheels. Often they would teach her some pretty needlework to
make
a dress for her.
Good Fru
stitch or help
(Mrs.) Tengmark, her grand-
Though homely and poor and without playthings, Jenny's joy came from within herself. Her music was as much a part of her as eyes or hands. mother, looked after her religious training.
That afternoon Jenny's mother arrived to see how she and her grandmother were getting along. The three of them had much to say to
when
one another. They were having a
"Come The
a treat
of coffee and cakes
sudden knock came upon the door. in," they answered, thinking
visitor entered, a
curtsied as she
came up
young servant
to them.
it
was the matron.
girl,
neatly dressed,
who
"Good
day, ladies," she be-
come from Mademoi-
gan. "I
Lundberg, who is a performer at the Royal Opera selle
House.
I
often pass this
on errands
for
my
have ventured to
window
mistress,
and
her that
tell
I
never heard such beautiful music as this little girl"
ded
— and she nod— "sings
in Jenny's direction
to her cat. Mademoiselle
berg
Lund-
much interested that sent me to request you,
so
is
she has
Fru, to bring your daughter to sing to her
tomorrow."
Fru Lind, amazed, ly flattered
and
felt great-
replied,
"Thank
we will come tomorrow afternoon if that will suit her plans." And your mistress and
tell
her
Fru Tengmark added, "Yes, go by all means, daughter. Who
knows
to
what
this
Nine-year-old
may
lead?"
Jenny heard
the words as in a dream. What was one song, more or less, to her whose singing was her
breath?
The next day Jenny and her mother went to see Mademoiselle Lundberg in her comfortable lodgings. "You will sing for me, will little one?" she said. Jenny curtsied and began one of her childhood songs. Made-
you not,
66
A NEW, BRIGHT WORLD FOR JENNY LIND moiselle
Lundberg
sat quite
still
turned to Fru Lind. "This child
when is
a
she had finished.
Madame, you must have her educated for the Fru Lind drew herself up haughtily. "The consent to such a thing.
What
Then
she
genius!" she exclaimed. "Oh, stage." stage! I could never
a life for a little girl!"
Jenny kept quiet, but her cheeks grew hot with excitement. Mademoiselle Lundberg was aware that she had said the wrong
"At
thing. "It
is
a letter at
least,
you must have her taught singing," she pleaded.
not once in vears that one hears such a voice.
of introduction to Herr Croelius.
the Royal Theater.
not?
I
You
will take
He
is
I will
give you
the Singing Master
your daughter to him,
will
you
beg that you will."
But when Fru Lind finally from Mademoiselle Lundberg. Mother and daughter then set forth for the Royal Opera House, a large and handsome gray building. The airv rooms of its second story housed the School ol Girls, and this theater was supported by the Government. After a little delay the visitors were shown into a room where Herr Croelius sat in his black frock coat. His eves were understanding, and Jenny thought, "I shall not be afraid of him, no matter what Mama says." Then a deep, kindly voice was speaking, asking her to sing. Again Jenny stood and sang, this time an air from one of the operas. She sang it fully and freely. It was easy to sing. With this master there was nothing to fear. When she had finished, Herr Croelius turned to her mother, "I must take her in to see Count Puke, the head of the theater. I shall lose no time in telling him what a treasure I have discovered." Herr Croelius was wiping his eyes with a handkerchief. That was Persuasion at
left,
first
bore no
fruit.
she carried with her a letter
funny.
Fru Lind was
left
waiting in his office while lennv went with
him
to the Count. But the great
man
greeted them grimly.
"How
old
is
girl?" he
this
asked.
"Nine years old, Count." "Only nine? But this place not
creche (nursery).
a
King's theater."
down
tently quiet
little
his
He
the
looked
in-
long nose
"Why,
Jenny.
is
It is
she
at is
undersized, awkward, and quite plain!
What
an ugly
little
could
I
do with such
girl?"
Herr Croelius put an arm protectingly about the child.
Jenny
stood looking
at the floor,
ing she might
fall
through
wishit.
After a pause, Herr Croelius collected himself and said calmly,
"If you will not hear her, Count, I
will teach her myself.
And one
day she will astonish vou!"
"Let me hear growled the Count.
her,
then,"
Jenny sang. As that childish voice mounted in purity and came over his dour expression. Then he spoke: "Accept the girl for the Royal Theater School. She shall be taught to sing and educated at the Government's expense." Already Jenny knew in her heart that she would like to come here to work and learn. The vista of a new and bright world strength, a change
opened before
her.
She would do great things. From
Enchanting Jenny Lind
^ m Abraham
Lincoln's Boyhood
As Told by Himself
FEBRUARY
was born February 12, 1809, near where Hogginsville (Hodgenville) now is, in Kentucky. My parents were both born in Virginia. My mother, who died in my tenth year, was of a family of the name of Hanks. My grandfather, Abraham Lincoln, came from Virginia to Kentucky about 1781 or 1782. A year or two later he was killed by the Indians, when he was laboring to open a farm in the forest. My father, at the death of his father, was but six years of age, and he grew up 12, 1809. I
without education. Even ing-boy, and never did his
childhood he was a wandering laborin the
way of
writing than to write
own name. 1813.
place is
in
more
Thomas Lincoln
on Knob Creek
of the 1814.
Knob Creek
I
takes a
farm on Knob
remember very
My
The
earliest
memory
were
sent, for
place.
Before leaving Kentucky,
short periods, to
Creeks, Kentucky.
well.
ABC
schools. 69
I
and
my
sister
j?-.s
j *mm
With weapons no more
/#75.
formidable than hickory clubs,
Austin Gallaher and playing in the rabbits.
had been
I
woods and
vigorous exercise
we had stopped
to rest. After a while
down my
f,?i& >>**&?&
was
mm
yy
hunting
After several hours of
I
threw and
cap, climbed a tree,
resting comfortably in the
forks of two limbs.
Below me, stretched out
::»:
full
length on the grass, was Austin apparently asleep. Beside him lay his cap, the inside facing upward. In the pocket of
my
little
jacket reposed a
pawpaw which
I
had
found shortly before. The thought suddenly occurred to me that it would be great fun to drop it into Austin's upturned cap.
The pawpaw was whole from
so ripe and soft
my pocket.
lated just right, for
of soft yellow
observe the
it
result,
I
slid
I
could scarcely withdraw
careful aim, I let
struck the cap center and
pawpaw
I
it fall. I
it
had calcu-
could see portions
spattering in every direction.
I
paused to
convinced that Austin would be angry but,
strange to relate, what Presently
Taking
I
had done
down
failed to arouse him.
the tree. Imagine
my
surprise
when
I
reached the ground and learned that, instead of sleeping, Austin 7°
—
ABRAHAM LINCOLN'S BOYHOOD had
been awake. While
really
cleverly
I
was climbing the
changed caps, substituting
tormenting him
as I
had intended,
I
my own
tree
he had
for his. So, instead of
had simply besmeared
my own
headgear.
Our farm was composed
1816.
or three tields
which
lav in the
and deep gorges. Sometimes when the hills, the water would come down the
valley surrounded by high hills
there
came
a big rain in
gorges and spread over the farm. The
last
thing
I
remember doing
was on a Saturday afternoon. The other boys planted the corn in what we called the "big field"— it contained seven acres and I dropped the pumpkin seed. I dropped two seeds every other hill and every other row. The next Sunday morning there came a there
big rain in the
hills. It
did not rain a drop in the valley, but the
coming down through the gorges, washed ground, corn, pumpkin seeds, and all clear off the field. I can remember our lite in Kentucky: the cabin, the hard way
water,
or living, the sale oi our possessions,
We
Indiana.
moved
Autumn, bis
near
land,
1816.
family
unbroken
the clearing
wood was was
ax put into
From
set-
forest,
and
away of surplus
my my
I
and had an hands at once.
age,
that time until I
not far
We
the great task ahead.
large for
third year
uncleared
on
Creeks,
from Rock.port, Indiana. tled in an
is
Indiana, in
Thomas Lincoln
settle
Pigeon
what
to
now Spencer County, my eighth year. and
and the journey with
and mother to southern
father
my
twenty-
was almost constantly
'^^
my
ABRAHAM
LINCOLN'S
BOYHOOD
handling that most useful instrument.
Our new home was
February, 1817.
bears and other wild animals early start as a hunter,
still
in the
a
many made an
wild region with
woods. There
I
which was never much improved afterward.
A few days before the end of my eighth year, in the absence of my father, a flock
of wild turkeys approached the new log cabin.
I
was standing inside, with rifle-gun, and shot through a crack and killed one of them. I have never since pulled a trigger on any larger game. It
was pretty pinching times
at first in Indiana, getting the
cabin built, and clearing for the crops, but presently
we got reason-
ably comfortable.
My mother died. was kicked by a horse and apparently dead for
October 5, 1818. 1819. I
December
2.
My father
with three children,
at
married Mrs. Sally Johnston, a
a time.
widow
Elizabethtown, Kentucky. She proved
a
good and kind mother to me. 1820. There were some schools, so called, but nothing was " ever required of a teacher beyond "readin', writin', and cipherin' supposed to understand Latin happened to stop in the neighborhood, he was looked upon as a wizard. I went to A B C schools by littles. I now think that all my schooling did not amount to one year.
to the rule of three. If a straggler
(In a copy bookj:
Abraham
He
1821 (? ). a
mere
a
way
Lincoln, his hand and pen,
will be
good, but
God knows when.
Among my earliest memories, I remember how, when
child, I
used to get
irritated
that I could not understand.
when anybody I
talked to
me in my
can remember going to
bedroom, after hearing the neighbors talk of an evening with would spend a large part of the night trying to make out the exact meaning of what they had said.
little
my
father. I
72.
ABRAHAM
when
could not sleep,
I
BOYHOOD
LINCOLN'S
When
I
got on such
hunt for an idea,
a
until
was not satisfied until I had repeated it over and over again. I had to put it in language plain enough, as I thought, for any boy I knew to underI
had caught
it.
thought
I
I
had got
it,
I
stand.
One day
wagon broke down
near us. In it were a lady and man, and while they were fixing up, they cooked in our kitchen. The woman had books and read us stories. I took a great fancy to one of the girls, and when they were gone I thought
two
and
girls
of her
a
a
a great deal.
One
day,
wrote out
when
a story in
I
was
my
sitting
mind.
and followed the wagon, and girl
my
I
out in the sun by the house,
thought
finally
I
I
took
found
it.
my I
talked with the
and persuaded her to elope with me. That night horse, and
we
back to the same place; and then decided that
elope.
I
we ought
stayed until
I
not to
had per-
suaded her father to give her to
me.
I
always meant to write that
story out and publish
once, but
I
began was not
it. I
decided that
it
much of a
story. But I think that was the beginning of love with
me.
Away
back in
I
put her on
started off across the prairie. After several hours
we came to a camp; and when we rode up we found we had left a few hours before, and we went in. The next night we tried again, and the same thing happened. The horse came
we
I
father's horse
my
childhood,
the earliest days of my being able
it
was the one
ABRAHAM
book, Weems' Life of Washington.
to read, I got hold of a small I
remember reading
in
it
BOYHOOD
LINCOLN'S
about the battlefields and struggles for
the liberties of the country.
None fixed
themselves upon
ination so deeply as the struggle at Trenton,
New
my imag-
Jersey.
The
crossing of the river, the contest with the Hessians, the great hardships endured at that time,
all
fixed themselves on
more than any single event of the Revolution. then,
boy even though
more than common was
1824. I
1827.
He
I
my memory
remember thinking
was, that there must have been something
that these
raised to
undertakes
I
men
struggled for.
farm work
to
till I
was twenty-two.
run a ferry across the Ohio, sixteen miles
from home. I was contemplating a new flatboat, and wondering whether I could make it stronger or improve it in any way. Two men came down to the shore in carriages with trunks. After the different boats, they singled out mine, and asked,
%t
answered, somewhat modestly, "I do." "Will you," said one of them, "take us to the steamer?" "Certainly," said I. I was glad to have the chance of earning
I
something. three bits.
I
supposed that each of them would give
The trunks were put on my flatboat, and
seated themselves
on the trunks, and
I
sculled
me two
or
the passengers
them out
to the
steamer.
They got on board, and I lifted up their heavy trunks and put them on deck. The steamer was about to put on steam again, when I called out that they had forgotten to pay me. Each of them took from his pocket a silver half dollar and threw it on the floor of my boat. I could scarcely believe my eyes as I picked up the money. I
could scarcely credit that
I,
a
poor boy, had earned
a dollar in
than a day. The world seemed fairer and wider before me. was a more hopeful and confident being from that hour.
less
Adapted from An Autobiography
of
Abraham
74
Lincoln, compiled by
I
N. W. Stephenson
Louisa Alcotfs Childhood Bv Louisa
ONE
of
my
earliest
May
memories
is
Alcott of playing with books in
my
and bridges of the big
dic-
father's study, building houses
tionaries read,
and
diaries,
looking
at
pictures, pretending to
and scribbling on blank pages whenever pen or pencil could
be found.
On one occasion my older sister, Anna, and I built a high tower round baby Lizzie as she sat playing with her toys on the floor. Then, being attracted by something out-of-doors, we forgot our little
prisoner.
A
search was made, and patient baby
discovered curled up and fast asleep in her dungeon
emerged so rosy and smiling
after her nap, that
was
cell.
we were
at last
But she forgiven
LOUISA ALCOTT'S CHILDHOOD for our carelessness.
Another memory brated at
my
father's
of
is
my
fourth birthday, which was cele-
schoolroom
All the children were there.
I
in
wore
a
Masonic Temple in Boston. crown of flowers, and stood
upon a table to give out cakes to each child as the procession marched past. By some oversight the cakes fell short, and I saw that if I gave away the last one I should have none. As I was queen of the party, I felt that I ought to have it. I held on to it tightly till my mother said, "It is always better to give away than to keep the nice things; so I know my Louy will not let the little friend go without." The little friend received that dear plummy cake, and I a kiss and my first lesson in the sweetness of self-denial, a lesson which my dear mother beautifully illustrated all her long life. Running away was one of the delights of my early days. I still enjoy sudden flights out of the home nest to look about this very interesting world, and then go back to report. On one of these occasions I passed a varied day with some Irish children, who hospitably shared their cold potatoes, salt-fish, and crusts with me. We reveled in the ash heaps which then adorned the waste lands where the Albany Depot now stands. A trip to the Boston Common cheered the afternoon, but as dusk set in my friends deserted me. I felt
that
home was
a nice place after
dimly remember watching
doorsteps in Bedford Street. that
I fell
asleep with
my
all,
and
tried to find
a lamplighter as I sat to rest
A
big
it.
I
on some
dog welcomed me so kindly his curly back, and was
head pillowed on
found there by the town
crier,
whom my
distracted parents had
and proclamation of the loss of "a pink frock, white hat, and new green
sent in search of me. His bell little girl, six
years old, in a
woke me up, and a small voice answered out of the darkness, "Why, dat's me!"
shoes,"
76
LOUISA ALCOTT'S CHILDHOOD Being with
difficulty torn
carried to the crier's house,
from
my
four-footed friend,
I
w
and there feasted on bread-and-mo-
But my fun ended next day when I was tied arm of the sofa to repent at leisure. I never went to school except to my father or such governesses as from time to time came into the family. Schools then were not what they are now; so we had lessons each morning in the study. And very happy hours they were to us, for my father was a very wise teacher. I never liked arithmetic or grammar; but reading, lasses in a tin plate.
to the
writing, composition, history, and geography as the stories
he read to
and the best of the dear old
Pilgrim's Progress
the reading hour the pleasantest
of our day.
On
Sundays we had
a
simple service of Bible stories,
hymns, and conversation about the state of our
little
consciences
and the conduct of our childish
which never
lives
be for-
will
gotten.
Walks each morning around the
Common
while in the
city,
and long tramps over hill and dale
when our home was
in the
coun-
of our education.
try,
were
We
learned every sort of house-
a part
work, for which
have always
I
been very grateful. Needlework
my skillful
began
early,
and
sister
made
a linen shirt beauti-
fully.
At twelve
at ten
I set
dressmaker, with
I
up
my
enjoyed, as well
us.
as a doll's
sign
out
fairy tales
made
my
wonderful models in
and
window. All the children employed me, and
my turbans
were
the rage at one time, to the great
dismay of the neighbor's hens.
These were hotly hunted down, that
might tweak out
I
their
downiest feathers to adorn the dolls' headgear.
my
Active exercise was
When
light.
a child
my hoop round
the
without stopping. joy to run.
friend race,
till I
de-
drove
Common was such
a
boy could be my had beaten him in a girl if
she refused to
trees, leap fences,
My
and be
a
tomboy.
wise mother, anxious to give
a lively brain,
There
It
I
No
and no
climb
of six
I
turned
me
me
a strong
loose in the country and
body let
to support
me
run wild.
book can teach. I remember dawn one summer morning. Pausing
learned of Nature what no
running over the
hills just at
to rest in the silent woods,
I
saw, through an arch of trees, the sun
and wide green meadows as I never saw it before. And in the hush of that morning hour I felt very near to God. The days which we spent in the town of Concord were the
rise
over river,
happiest of my
hill,
We had charming playmates in the little EmerHawthornes, and Goodwins, with their famous friends to enjoy our pranks and share our fun.
life.
sons, Channings,
parents and their
Plays in the barn were a favorite amusement, and
Our
we dramatized
came tumbling off a loft when Jack cut down the squash- vine running up a ladder to represent the immortal bean. Cinderella rolled away in a vast pumpkin.
the fairy tales in great style.
78
giant
^r
A-*.
And a long
black pudding was lowered by invisible hands to fasten on the nose of the man who wasted his three wishes. Pilgrims journeyed over the hill with their staffs and cockle-
itself
shells in their hats. Fairies held their pretty revels
among
the whis-
pering birches. Strawberry parties in the rustic arbor were honored
who
fed us on their wit and wisdom more mortal food. (Note: When Louisa Alcott grew up she wrote Little Women about the experiences of her own family in the town of Concord, Massachusetts. The "Jo" of the story was Louisa herself; "Meg"
by poets and philosophers, while the
little girls
served us
was her older sister, Anna; and "Beth" was Elizabeth, the "baby Lizzie" mentioned above. Another little girl, Abba May, was born later, and in Little Women was called "Amy.") Adapted from "Sketch of Childhood, by Herself,"
in
Louisa
May
Alcott:
Letters
79
Her
Life,
and Journals.
The Story
of Robert E. Lee
By Smith Burnham
ROBERT
LEE'S
E.
father,
Colonel Henry Lee, was
of the Revolutionary War.
He was
called
a
hero
"Light-Horse
Harry" because he was so ready and alert with his cavalry He was such a friend of the commander-in-chief that it was said, "General Washington loves Harry Lee as if he were his regiment.
own
son."
Robert Lee was born in Virginia, near the Potomac River, in a huge brick house which looked like a mansion, a castle, and a fort, all
in one.
near the
and
When
new
he was four,
his father
moved
to Alexandria,
of Washington, to send the boy and
city
his brothers
sisters to school.
The
father died
when Robert was
eleven, and his
mother was
an invalid. The oldest Lee son was in Harvard College, and the next was a midshipman in the Naval Academy at Annapolis. So
Robert was
left at
was well enough coach
home
to
to take care of his mother.
go for
Whenever
she
a drive, he carried her out to the family
in his strong arms.
Feeling that his mother could not afford to send him to college,
young Robert studied hard to enter West Point Military Academy. No mother ever had more reason to be proud of her tall, handsome son.
"How can I do without Robert?" daughter to me!" 80
she said.
"He is both son and
THE STORY OF ROBERT
E.
LEE
Robert became a West Point cadet at eighteen. Young Jefferson
who was
Davis,
there at the
lost his life while
Ulysses Grant wrote to get
through
at
same time,
fell
off a cliff and nearly
breaking the rules of the Academy.
home
ten years later that
it
Young
was impossible
West Point without "black marks,"
or demerits.
But Robert E. Lee went through the whole four years without single black
mark!
He
had come to West Point,
expense, to learn to be a soldier.
And
at his
he believed that the
a
country's first
duty
of a soldier was to obey. It was a wonder that the other cadets did not hate a young man who seemed to feel that he must behave better than the rest of them.
But he was so kind that they never called him
At graduation, Lieutenant Lee was the most popular man at West Point; and he boy" or
a prig.
ranked second
in his class.
Lee's courage was put to the test in the
Mexican War.
dark night he found the
across
a
dangerous lava
cracked in
all
a
way field
directions by deep
crevices— "without a
On
light, without
companion or guide, where
scarcely a step could
be taken
without fear of death." General Scott, then chief in
command,
was the bravest act performed by any one during the said this
campaign.
When States
coln
the War between the
broke out, President Linoffered
Colonel
Lee the
a
"goody-goody
Wfe highest States
command o± the United
Army. But Colonel Lee
did not accept the honor.
He
did not believe in slavery, and
did not think
any of the
it
was
right for
states to secede, or
leave the Union. But he
was
a
Virginian, and he could not
bring himself to lead an army against
his
relatives,
his father,
who was
ernor of the
friends,
He had
and neighbors.
state,
heard
once govsay with
deepest feeling, "Virginia country; her will
matter y .-^, J
how
sad
I
my
is
my
obey, no fate
may
'
be." So,
when
his native state
went out of the Union, Robert Army and went
E. Lee resigned as colonel in the United States
with her.
General Lee soon proved that he was a great general. With smaller armies and poorer supplies and
North, he gained
one
many
victories.
He
weapons than those of the
defeated five Northern gen-
took Grant, the sixth general sent whole year to surround Lee's army. So noble and dignified was General Lee's character that he was honored and admired by North and South alike.
erals,
after another. It
\
against him, a
From 8i
Hero Tales from History
%
Clara Barton,
Young Schoolteacher
the
By Mildred Mastin Pace
CLARA
BARTON
was her
first
was getting over the mumps, and
day downstairs. She lay on the couch
this
in the
darkened living room and half listened to the sound of
Her parents were enterwell-known scientist, and while Clara knew the talk was undoubtedly interesting and instructive, she felt too lazy and convoices that drifted from the front parlor.
taining a
tented to take an active part in
it.
But when she heard her name mentioned, she listened more carefully.
man. Tell
Her mother was saying to the guest, "You are a brilliant me what I can do about our Clara. She is so shy and
frightened Clara
among
felt
strangers,
and even with us she
is
timid."
miserable to think she caused her parents such deep
concern. She waited anxiously for the great man's answer. 83
He
said,
CLARA BARTON "Throw Get her
on teach—"
responsibility a school to
her.
Clara was only fifteen, small and childish for her age. But having received the scientist's advice, Mrs. Barton intended to
follow
Shortly after his visit
it.
was arranged for Clara to teach spring term at the near-by district it
schoolhouse.
What trying to
:
time the Bartons had Clara look
grown
up! Dorothy and Sally, her older
lAfi'
\W".
a
make
^W.
sisters,
combed out
her braids
and experimented with ladylike hair arrangements until they found one they thought suited.
"We
fixed
it
high on your
head to make you look Sally explained.
"You
taller,"
really are
little."
Clara thought she looked very funny with her hair put up.
Then
her mother came with the
long and bulky, to make the
little-girl
new
a small girl
dress and put
dress she had made.
It
was
look bigger. Clara took off
on the new one. She
felt
exactly as if
she were dressed up in her mother's clothes! It
was
a bright
May morning when
Clara started out, alone and
The schoolhouse was one-room building of stone, and it was spilling over with forty pupils, all on time for the first day of the new term. The children ranged from the little four-year-olds on up to a group of boys as old as Clara and much larger than she. She had excited, to begin her first term as a teacher. a square,
84
THE YOUNG SCHOOLTEACHER been warned about these boys. They were
known
troublemakers.
Just the year before they had decided they didn't like the teacher and had taken charge themselves
— putting the
new
poor crea-
ture out by force.
But Clara didn't have time to worry about them just then. She was worried about herself. Forty pairs of eyes watched her curiously, and she was timid and inexperienced. Besides, having gone to public school so
open
a
seldom
school on the
herself, she didn't
first dav.
know
Should she make
should she begin right off with lessons?
Was
how
to
a little speech,
or
just
the teacher supposed
to introduce herself? She wished she had asked Dorothv.
Before her, on her desk, was a Bible. She
make
knew
she could never
could read. So she told the children to take
a speech, but she
Testaments out of their desks and turn to the Sermon on the Mount. She saw a smirk cross the face of one of the biggest boys. But the room was very quiet as Clara read the first verse. Then each child who had learned to read was called upon in turn. The beautiful dignity of the words filled the little school, and even the biggest boys became sober and attentive. As the children spoke the familiar verses, they suddenly ceased their
to be strangers to Clara.
longer afraid of them. to the
When
With an
work of classing
the
Sermon was ended, she was no
ease that surprised her, she turned
the children, planning lessons and assign-
ments. Clara knew, however, that sooner or later she trouble with the big boys.
It
would have
came before long.
The trouble started on the playground. The older group was game of ball, and instead of confining their game to the
playing a
they took delight in running out of bounds, into the yard where the smaller children played. Several younger children were knocked down, and ran crying to Clara. This brought guffaws from the big boys, and the game continued in its rough and
field,
85
CLARA BARTON dangerous way.
knew all the rules of game. David, her big
Clara
their
brother, had taught her to playit.
She walked quietly out onto
the playing field, and said, "Boys, I
don't think you
know how
to
At least you're not following the rules. May I show you?" There was a snicker all around as the tiny teacher picked up the ball. With a few quick instrucplay this game.
tions she sent the other players to their places,
and the game began.
Within five minutes the boys' eyes were wide with surprise and admiration. Here was a girl their own age, and as swift and agile as they! Not one could throw as true as she could, nor as far. She could beat them
their
at
own
game!
When
playtime
was
over,
Clara dusted herself off and went into the schoolhouse to ring the bell.
She had no further worry
about the big boys. blessed
David
And how
she
for his lessons!
The "troublemakers" were now she was the most remarkable
girl
Clara's allies.
They thought
they had ever known.
When the
big boys showed themselves so eager to co-operate with her, the
CLARA BARTON younger children naturally followed their example. Soon the school was running so smoothly, Clara laughed at the fears that
*^\.
had haunted her that first terrible day. It
was
a
happy school. Clara
played with the children, and the children
worked with
all
Clara.
And when the last day of the term came, the teacher realized far harder
been.
It
than the
first
it
was
day had
meant saying good-by.
Clara had done so well with the little
one-room school
that she
had been offered a better position. A few days later, at Town Meeting,
it
was announced
Clara's school, of in that section,
all
that
the schools
had been voted
first in discipline.
Tears came to
Clara's eyes
and she protested,
"We
discipline.
had no
all just
happy together.
We were No
child
was ever scolded or punished. Please don't give discipline
ups
my
school the
award." But the grown-
and thought the was being modest. Each year Clara was offered a better school, and each year her reputation grew as a kind and efficient teacher. Finally she travelled to Bordentown, New Jersey, to take charge of a school that badly just smiled,
girl teacher
87
CLARA BARTON, THE YOUNG SCHOOLTEACHER needed
a
good
teacher.
At
that time there
were few public schools
west of New York, and the Bordentown school, charged a
fee.
The
like
most
others,
children had to pay to attend.
In Bordentown, Clara found few children in her schoolroom,
but
many youngsters running
the streets.
One day
she stopped a
group and asked them why they didn't go to school. "We'd like to go to school, lady," one boy said, "but there
wild
little
no school
for us.
We
can't
"You
shall
When
the people of
have
is
pay the fee."
a school," Clara
promised them.
Bordentown heard
that she planned to
open the school to the street children, they were horrified! "Those children are ruffians— they should be locked up, not sent to school," some exclaimed. "What kind of a woman is this new teacher, to consider working with boys of that sort? She can't be respectable!" others cried. "Nice children can't go to school with those little hoodlums. ." the protests She'll soon find no woman can handle them. and accusations rumbled. But Clara's ears were deaf to them. "They aren't bad children," she said quietly. "I've talked with them. They are eager to learn. But if you leave them on the streets, they'll become bad." "I want no salary," she explained to the school board. "I'll teach for nothing. All I want is your recognition and approval." Finally she won her argument, and the school doors were opened to all the children. It was a hard job and a big one she tackled. But the Bordentown school grew, and after the first year she had to have more room and an assistant. It was a great victory. In the years to come Clara Barton was to win many victories for humanity. During the War between the States, she nursed the soldiers at the front and became known as the "Angel of the Battlefield." Later she founded the American Red Cross. .
.
.
.
.
From
Clara Barton
When Mark Twain Was a Boy By Margaret Ford Allen
THIS up
is
the story of the real
to be a
famous
years ago in a
little
Tom
Sawyer, a boy
He was born more cabin in Missouri. He
writer.
than
who grew a
hundred
never went to
school after he was eleven years old, and he never saw a railroad until
the
he was almost grown. If you had met him as a boy, roaming
woods barefooted with Huckleberry Finn (whose
true
name
was Tom Blankenship), and if you had told him that one day he would become a famous writer and put himself and his chum into a book, which boys ever after would read, he would have stared at you. Huckleberry Finn would have stared at you. They would have said that you were telling a "stretcher." The real Tom Sawyer came to live in the little white town of Hannibal, Missouri, when he was four years old. He came in a wagon, surrounded by furniture and all the worldly goods of the Clemens family. For his true name was not Tom Sawyer but Samuel Clemens. A wild, mischievous boy he was— small for his age, with a large head and thick hair which he had to brush continually if he kept it from curling. Sam was more of a trial, his mother often said, than all the other children put together.
you have read Tom Sawyer and remember Aunt Polly, you just what Sam's mother was like. Aunt Polly in that book was Mrs. Clemens— a woman stern and at the same time so If
will
know
tender-hearted that she used to punish the cat for catching mice.
The father was a poor and struggling lawyer who had wandered from town to town with his large family looking for better fortune, but had never quite succeeded in making both ends meet. Afterward Sam always remembered Hannibal as a "white town drowsing it
in the sunshine
of a summer morning." As
could not have been improved.
It
a
playground
looked out over the wide
where one might watch puffing steamboats Two miles or so below the town there was a wonderful cave, full of winding passages. And north of the town, a daring swim's distance, there was an island, three miles long and uninhabited, where boys could hunt turtle eggs to their hearts' content and build a fire and talk. Mississippi River
stopping to
let
off freight and passengers.
90
MARK TWAIN Of Sam
all
the boys in Hannibal,
admired
especially
a raga-
muffin, dressed in fluttering patches,
named
ship. (This,
Tom
Blanken-
of course, was Huck-
He was the only boy in the town who didn't have to go to school, or even church. He could sleep anywhere he chose —in an empty hogshead, if it suited him— and he didn't have to obey a single soul. All the leberry Finn.)
mothers
in
town hated
Blankenship, and
all
Tom
the boys
wanted to be like him. As for Sam, he adopted Tom on sight.
Many
an evening he would
leave his bed in answer to a faint
"meow" from below. Out of the window he would climb to the roof of the shed beneath, and go
down a trellis to join Tom
Blank-
Then they would set off together in search of some adventure. Usually John Briggs enship.
went with them— a boy whom you will remember as Joe Harper in the story
of
Tom
Sawyer.
You
remember, too, that when the boys played pirate, Joe was called "The Terror of the Seas." Huckleberry Finn (that is, Tom Blank91
WHEN MARK TWAIN WAS enship) was
One
known
Tom
A BOY
"The Red-handed."
as
He dreamed that a was buried near Hannibal. When Sam and John Briggs heard about it, they were excited and bargained for a share night
Blankenship had a dream.
chest of gold
in the treasure in return for
and shovel, the boys
set
Tom Blankenship
the spot,
helping
Tom
dig.
out through the woods. sat
down under the
Armed with
a pick
When they reached shade of a
pawpaw
bush and gave directions, while Sam and John dug mightily. Tom wasn't expected to do any digging; he had had the dream and that
was
his share.
The
real treasure
the book, where
hunt did not turn out
Huck and Tom Sawyer
as well as the
finally located the
gold in the haunted house. By
late
hunters had about given up hope.
Though they had
holes, they
rocks. It
threw
one
in
box of
afternoon the real treasure laid bare
many
had not unearthed anything but an endless number of
was
a
down his
Sam was almost exhausted. At last he vowed that his days of treasure hunting
hot day and shovel and
were over.
The adventures of Sam and books.
You remember,
his
in the tale
gang would have
of Tom Sawyer,
filled
many
how that
hero
saved Becky Thatcher from a whipping in school by taking the
blame for something he did not do? Tom's sweetheart, Becky Thatcher, was a real
little girl
— Laura Hawkins, by name— a neigh-
bor and playmate of Sam's in Hannibal. Whether or not he saved her from a whipping
is
not recorded.
that once in a school spelling bee
It is
Sam
remembered, however,
did leave the "r" out of
"February," on purpose, so that he would lose and she could win
Sam was a poor pupil in most subjects, but he could There was scarcely a week he did not wear the medal for the best speller in school. And Sam could always be counted on to be
the medal. spell.
kindhearted and brave.
Mr. Cross's school
in Hannibal, 9z
which Sam attended, stood on
WHEN MARK TWAIN WAS A BOY the Square in the center of town. There were
two long benches on
opposite sides of the schoolroom— one for the girls and the other
on which It
posed
the boys
all
who
the teacher,
was here his first
sat.
Up
in front at a pine
desk
sat
kept order— with the aid of a hickory
Mr. Cross, stick.
that the future author, biting his slate pencil,
poem.
When
he had finished, he shoved
com-
his slate
over to John Briggs, "the Terror of the Seas."
John snickered
as
he read:
"Cross by name and Cross by nature, "Cross jumped over an Irish potato."
"Write
when Sam "I dare
it
on the blackboard
And
do
it!"
you to!" hissed Sam.
"The Terror dare.
noon, Sam," he begged.
this
"Why I wouldn't be ascairt to
refused, he added,
When
of the Seas" prided himself
on never refusing
a
the pupils and teacher returned to school from their
noontime meal, there
in large
round
letters
on the blackboard was
the rhyme.
A
titter
went up from
all
the pupils, and suddenly Mr. Cross's
eyes were peering straight into
handwriting.
The
John
Briggs'.
He had recognized the
teacher arose, stick in hand, and
aching shoulders for Sam's
first
attempt
John paid with
at literature.
During the summertime, Sam Clemens, John Briggs, and Tom down the river. It was a favorite pastime for Sunday School picnickers to explore that part Blankenship played pirate in the cave
known door. But Sam possessed a secret enown, which led to an unused section of this mazelike cavern. The would-be pirates climbed up to a thick clump of bushes which covered a hole in the hill. When the boys had been sworn to secrecy, they were allowed to crawl on their hands and knees into the hole. After two hundred yards the cave opened up. Sam lighted of the cave near the
trance of his
candle stubs, and led the way, ducking
opening in the wall.There was"
a
among passages, to a narrow all damp and sweaty
kind of room,
93
a
WHEN MARK TWAIN WAS A BOY and cold," and
The played
is
real like
was where Sam's gang held their meetings. Sam Clemens and Tom Blankenship the cave described in Tom Sawyer, where Tom and this
cave where
Becky got lost. You can visit this cavern near Hannibal today. The boy Sam Clemens did not spend all his time seeking adventures with his gang, however. Often he would wander off by himself along the river. He would lie dreaming for hours on some hilltop overlooking the Mississippi— his river— and watch the steamboats pass. And then he would change his mind about being a pirate. When he grew up, he decided, he would be a steamboat pilot instead, high up above the deck in a glorious glass cage— lordly creature, whom everyone in the world had to obey. Sam did become a river pilot when he grew up, and a very good pilot, too. For several years he led a happy, hard-working life, taking steamboats up and down the Mississippi River. That is how he came to choose the pen name by which the world knew him so well in later years. As a young man, when he began to write, "Mark Twain." he adopted a name taken from a river term The term means two fathoms of water, that is, water about twelve feet deep— a welcome word to any pilot. For if the depth of the river
—
is two fathoms, the steamboat can make a safe passage and the pilot knows that all is well. It is as Mark Twain that he was known in later years, when he became
one of America's best-beloved most fa-
authors, probably the
mous American of his
day.
Rosa Bonheur Breaks Her Needle By Mary Xewlix Roberts good-by her ROSA Her sewing bag hung limply
"What
lather in a low, disappointed voice.
to
said
is
in her hands.
the trouble, Rosalie?"
Monsieur Bonheur turned at the doorway of the big studio down his box of paints, came back to her. "I would like to go to the gallery with you, Papa," she said.
and, setting
"Maybe
if I
had been born
this dreadful
a
boy you would not make
dressmaking, and would help
me more
me
study
with
my
painting."
Her
father put a
hand on each of her shoulders and gave her
a little shake. "It's a hard life to be a painter even for a man, dearest girl. Sewing is far better for you. You have been such a wild little romp, it is good for you to be quiet and to try to grow into a useful and dignified woman. All mv friends think it wise that you are
9S
ROSA BONHEUR BREAKS HER NEEDLE learning dressmaking."
Monsieur Bonheur paused, his friends life
of an
artist is full
Rosa snatched and pulled
it
of hardship. Forget about
a little
down
green
felt
and wanted to change the
all
it,
a
Rosalie."
hook on the wall
curls.
alone?" She was close to
subject.
"And poor
Bill the
goat
added lamely.
will bleat," she
Her
from
hat
hard over her short
"Will the squirrel be safe here tears
he were not quite so sure as
as if
about the matter. Then he hurried on, "Yes, yes, the
father clapped her
goat will bleat whether
on the back
we
as if she
are near or not.
were
He
a boy.
"Your
likes to listen to
himself. And the squirrel is safe enough, though he nearly killed your poor father the other day by biting through the cord of a picture and letting it fall nearly on my head. Come now, put on
your coat and
we
and tell each other all sew your very best for my
will start out together
about everything tonight.
You
will
sake." "I'll try," said
Rosa, with a sinking heart.
They went out together and separated in the street. Monsieur Bonheur, who was an artist, went towards the Louvre, the greatest art gallery
sons.
of Paris, and
his
daughter toward her dressmaking
les-
To sew all day, when her father would be at work in the midst
all those beautiful paintings, was a hard thought But she hurried on, with her chin set and her black eyes snapping. She loved her father dearly, and she was determined
of the glory of
to endure.
to please him.
Madame
Gernstorf, the dressmaker, greeted her kindly, and
work upon
a piece of silk. The sound of a turning wheel came from the workshop of Madame Gernstorf 's husband. He was a maker of shell caps for guns, and Rosa, trying to settle to her sewing, would have preferred to turn the wheel and look at the shooting pieces. set
her to
in the distance
96
^.M, "Do you
think a painter's
life is a
hard one, and do you like
the galleries?" she said suddenly.
"Why,
I
don't know," answered her teacher in a pinched voice
because of the pins between her a dress that covered a headless
lips.
She was finishing
a ruffle
on
dummy.
"You know," said Rosa, looking up and breaking her thread, which had become hopelessly tangled, "that figure is like some silly women— all dress and no brains on top." Madame Gernstorf took out the pins and laughed. "You
are a sharp
little
lady sometimes, Rosa," she said.
"Why
do you talk of painting, when there are so many pretty dresses in the world? To be well dressed is a good thing. It is nice for a woman to look pretty, whether she has brains or not." "I like to be comfortable in my clothes," said Rosa, "and I talk about painting because ing.
But
I
mean
it
to trv to
interests
me much more
sew very well today 97
all
than dressmak-
the same."
ROSA BONHEUR BREAKS HER NEEDLE "You maker.
are putting that sleeve in upside
"Now let me show you
Rosa
bit
her
lip
and
set to
down,"
work with new
determination. She
thought the morning would never end. Every to be pulled out eat her
cried the dress-
again."
took had and done over again. At lunchtime she wished to stitch she
sandwiches where Monsieur Gernstorf was
at
work. In-
stead she sat demurely in her chair, setting her spools and needles to rights,
and trying to forget her father painting in the great gallery
among the pictures that she loved. After lunch, she work with her needle, driving it in and out with fierce energy,
of the Louvre fell
to
but the harder she tried, the worse everything went.
Madame Gernstorf shook her head. "Oh, la la la!" she said, which is really French for, "Oh dear me!" "I sometimes wonder, Rosa Bonheur, if you will ever become a dressmaker." Rosa flushed to her hair, and two hot tears rolled down her cheeks. At the same time she broke her needle with a snap. It pricked her finger, but the pain
of the prick was nothing to the pain of her bad work. She crumpled the silk dress into a miserable heap and sprang to her feet!
"Let
me go home,"
"Please let me go home, I
cannot sew another
she said.
Madame!
stitch
today
or any day."
Madame
Gernstorf brought
her the small
felt
hat and coat,
and helped her into them. She
looked sad and clucked her tongue.
"Oh,
la la la!"
she said again
and again, but she kissed Rosa
ROSA BONHEUR BREAKS HER NEEDLE good-by. "I wish you had been born a boy,
cb'erie,"
she sighed.
Rosa ran almost all the way home, and rushed into the Shutting the door behind her, she stood with her back to tears
had dried, but she held her underlip tight with her
studio. it.
Her
teeth, for
she was sharply disappointed over her failure.
"The whole trouble she said. "I can not help
The
I
is, it
am
even
not meant to be
if
Papa
is
a
dressmaker,"
angry."
nervous greeting to her from a shelf, by the window burst into song. The old studio room looked dear and comforting with its easels and canvases—a different world from dresses and hems and ruffles. Rosa flung off her hat and threw her sewing bag down. squirrel chattered a
and the canarv
"So," she
in a cage
said, "it can't
She put on
be helped.
And now
." .
.
up the few of his discarded brushes and paints, and a bowl of dull copper which was filled with scarlet cherries and green leaves. She set them in a corner where the light struck them softly, and the shadows fell back of them in a most attractive manner. She put her little canvas on a chair, and seated herself on a low stool. On the canvas was her half-finished sketch, and Rosa's black eyes sparkled as she saw that it already had something of the beauty and light and shadow of the real fruit. She took an old palette and, squeezing out the sleeves.
a large painting coat
Out of a
closet she
took
of her
father's, rolling
a small canvas, a
remnants of paint
left in the dried tubes, she set to work. Her was shoved up over her knees, and her hair was pushed far back. She looked like a happy, eager boy, instead of a girl who had failed to become a dressmaker. It was beginning to get dark when Rosa heard Monsieur Bonheur's step. She rose and took a hasty look at what she had done. Then she drew from a drawer three other sketches, and lined them up in full view. One of them was a likeness of her squirrel. Another showed the goat bleating and pulling on his rope. The third was a
father's big coat
99
ROSA BONHEUR picture of a great, dignified bull she had seen being led through a side street
of Paris.
She started to jerk off her
father's painting coat, but
it
was too
So she shrugged her small square shoulders and came to meet him, a little anxious, but too happy after her hour of painting to
late.
hide her excitement.
Monsieur Bonheur stopped short and stared at his daughter. "Papa," said Rosa, talking fast, "you will have to forgive me. I fear, and so does Madame, that I will never learn to sew. I tried very hard for your sake, but I only broke my needle and pricked
my finger Her
and ruined the
silk."
grew long. "And what are you doing here," he asked, "in my coat and all?" "I am painting, Papa," Rosa hurried on. "You know, I watch you all the time and listen, too, when you and the sculptors and father's face
painters talk together. I've been
working by myself Please look at just for
The
my
all
I
can.
drawings and
one moment forgive me. is ugly on me,
coat, I expect,
all, it keeps my frock You must think of me now
but, after clean.
as a student
of
art
and not
just a
little girl."
She pulled him by the "I
am
sleeve.
happier at this than
sewing, and you have not looked at
my work
for weeks.
I
have
gone ahead now, you know
I
have."
Monsieur Bonheur allowed
BREAKS HER NEEDLE himself to be pulled over in front
of the small exhibition.
frowning and stroking
He was
his beard.
"Rosalie," he said, shaking his
head and jerking his shoulders, "What do you want to do? Do you setiousiy want to be a painter?" "I do," said Rosa, holding the
tails
up
of her coat and looking
at
her father with piercing eyes.
Monsieur Bonheur took up one sketch and the looked
after another, the bull,
squirrel, at
and the goat.
He
the goat especially long.
Then he turned the
painting of the
cherries to get a better light.
"What do you
think? Tell
me
quickly, Papa," said Rosa, hop-
ping on one foot with impatience. "I think they are very
good
indeed," he said, reluctantly.
"So then,"
said his daughter
you to
"Everyone,
do
dropping the long coat
tails
and
"tomorrow you will take me with the Gallery and let me work and study and learn beside you?"
placing her hands
on her
all
my
hips,
friends, will think
me
quite
mad
to let
you
best for
you
so, Rosalie."
"What
of that?
They
can't
know about what
is
and me." "People
will stare at so
young
a girl in the
Louvre, Rosa."
them from noticing a girl. Only take me and give me new brushes and paints and an easel, and leave the rest to me." "I have thought of that," she said. "I have an idea to keep
ROSA BONHEUR BREAKS HER NEEDLE Rosa's eyes were fairly burning with pleasure, and her square chin was set in a line of strength not to be mistaken.
Monsieur Bonheur drew her to him. "If in after years you regret you find it hard to be a painter, if you wish ever that you had been only a happy simple woman with all that means, this, Rosalie, if
remember
I tried to hold you back." Rosa stood thoughtful for a moment and then she looked up into her father's face. "Thank you," she said. "But I think it will always be better this way. You will help me most by teaching me all you can. I will be ready early tomorrow." She kissed him suddenly and ran to the squirrel, catching him
and holding him close till the
little creature grew quiet and content. two figures walked up the steps of the great gallery of the Louvre and through its long, richly-hung corridors. Two earnest figures, one big and one little. One was a man in a long painting coat. The other appeared to be a boy, dressed in a queer little quaint jacket and full trousers. At lunchtime they
After that, day after day,
were to be seen eating together in the courtyard and drinking water from the pump. People called the small figure, "the Little Hussar" (soldier), because of her funny clothes, but they gathered none the less to watch her paint. All day long and every day, Rosa worked, studying and copying and learning to her heart's
content.
was glad
On
Her
father, watching,
that he
had
let
her come.
Sundays he took her to the
country to paint out-of-doors, and to make studies of animals; and her skill and power grew through the years. From
Stories of the
Youth of Artists
George Washington Carver,
Boy
the
Who Had to Know By M.
A a
BIG
Ross
I.
MAN was walking on a path through the woods of his
Missouri plantation,
when he heard
some bushes. He took
a step
porcupine or deer; then he stood
side of the bushes he
two
saw
a small
beautiful specimens of tiger
a slight noise
behind
toward them, expecting to still
in surprise.
On
see
the other
Negro boy kneeling between
lilies.
"Why, George! What in the world are you doing here?" The man was Moses Carver, owner of the cotton plantation, and the boy was their own young George Washington Carver. He had been born he was only raiders.
a
a slave
during the
few weeks
old, the
War between
the States.
When
Carver slaves had been stolen by
By the time they were overtaken, the mother had been
sold again. But Mr. Carver had been able to get the baby back by
broken-down race horse for him. The Carvers had grown very fond of the little boy with the dark, intelligent eyes, and they named him George Washington
trading a
103
GEORGE WASHINGTON because he tried so hard to be truthful.
They had also given him
own
family name, as that was the custom with the slaves. But now, in 1872, the war had been over for several years. George Washington Carver was
their
free,
but at eight he was
frail
and
small for his age, and looked not
much
bigger than a porcupine as
he knelt
among
"This
is
the flowers.
my
garden," he ex-
plained proudly as he pointed out the different plants.
He had
collected a remarkable botanical
garden of Missouri specimens.
Some were new
many very
to Mr. Carver,
rare, but all
were
thriving under George's care.
There was sticks to
a neat strong fence
of
keep out animals.
Mr. Carver was astonished. where you go when you scoot out of the house at four o'clock every morning!" George nodded shyly. He seemed to know by instinct what to do for ailing plants, how to protect them from disease and insects. He asked Mr. Carver the names of some of the flowers. Mr. Carver laughed. "I only know the names of the common ones. I've never even seen some of these." George tipped up a big healthy bud on one of the stalks. "Nobody seems to know what this one is, but it's going to have a nice flower. I wish I knew its name."
"So
this
is
104
CARVER Mr. Carver shook
his head.
beyond me, George. I'm
"It's
afraid you'll
have to wait
vou can
Then you can hunt
read.
until
names in botany books." They started home together. "When will that be?" George
for the
asked.
"When "Till
what be?"
will I
can read botany
books."
Mr. Carver was thoughtful. was too bad that such a bright boy could not be educated. But the schools near them were only It
for white children.
The
Carvers,
like
many
ers,
had been almost ruined by
own-
other plantation
no money George away to school.
the war, and they had to send "I'll
and see
hunt around the house if I
can find an old blue-
backed speller we used to have. That might give you
a start."
Mr. Carver told everybody about George's remarkable garden. It
was not long before his skill with plants was well known, and call him "the plant doctor." In the meantime, George had held Mr. Carver to his promise.
people began to
The blue-backed
"You
see, the
was found.
speller
words
are
are called the alphabet."
got the idea
at
once.
through the whole
It
all
spelled with letters, and the letters
Mr. Carver was no teacher, but George
seemed no time
speller
and knew 105
all
at all
before he had gone
the words.
The Carvers
GEORGE WASHINGTON CARVER "What are we going to do with him now?" "Give him the Bible to read," Mrs. Carver suggested. Young George read for a long time in the Bible. But after awhile he grew restless to learn more. The Carvers were very sorry that they could not help him. George understood. He began asking asked each other,
questions of the
more
day he came running
traveled people in the neighborhood.
home with
very exciting news. "There
One is
a
school in Neosho, only eight miles away." can't walk sixteen miles go there and live."
"But you "I could
The Carvers hated
a day."
to explain again that they could not afford
to help him.
"But
I
don't need help!"
"Where would you better stay here
till
live?
What would you
live
on?
You had
you're old enough to earn a living."
"Old enough!" George laughed. "I'm
ten! That's plenty old
enough." There was no holding George back, and
at last
Mr. and Mrs.
One day they stood on their steps, watching their small namesake trudge off down the road toward Neosho. He grew Carver gave up.
smaller and smaller,
till
he reached the bend in the road. There he
turned and waved reassuringly to them.
"He
is
so
little,"
Mrs. Carver
said.
"Don't worry. He'll be back," her husband answered. "He'll have to find out for himself how hard
it
is."
Moses Carver was wrong. It was a long time before they saw George again. When the boy arrived at Neosho he looked first to see if the school really was there. It was — a one-room log cabin school with log benches and one teacher. He was so delighted that he forgot he had no place to sleep. That thought soon occurred to him, however. The walk had made him very hungry, and he had no money. Well, he could chop 106
GEORGE WASHINGTON CARVER wood, he decided. He had been taking and wood toting.
fires
He
entire charge
of the Carvers'
could carry water and wash dishes.
He
could even cook. Mrs. Carver had taught him.
few pennies for food. He found an old Then in the round of asking for work he came to Mr. Watkins. "Why do you want to work in Neosho?" Mr. Watkins asked. "To go to school, sir." "To go to school!" This was very unusual for a Negro boy
He managed
to earn a
horse barn where he slept for several nights.
then.
Mr. Watkins took George home. Mrs. Watkins was
just as
pleased by his eager longing to learn and his gentle manners as
her husband had been.
"Indeed," Dr. Carver said in allowed
me
They
do.
later years,
to stay in their
home
me
were
treated
as if I
in
"Mr. and Mrs. Watkins
exchange for the work
member of their
a
I
could
family."
Their kindness was not needed for long. In one year George
had learned everything he could from the teacher in the little school. This teacher had not had the advantages of higher learning, but
was a
in
sympathy with George's ambitions.
He
helped him to find
high school sixty miles farther off in Fort Scott, Kansas, and
George went there when the year was up. It was still remarkable for an eleven-year-old boy to be so hungry for learning that he would hunt out a school in a strange town and go there with no means of support but his own hands. But he had done it at ten, why not at eleven? He spent six years in Fort Scott, and graduated from the high school when he was seventeen. In addition, he had been able to save to start a business of his
age.
Most of
learn that the
his
own,
a laundry.
enough doing odd jobs
He was
still
small for his
white customers would have been surprised to
little
delivery boy,
who
107
brought back their sheets
so
snowy
white, was also the
washing machine and the
ironer.
From his laundry business, George Washington Carver saved enough to pay his train fare to a college
town
in Iowa.
His school record was so high that the college
had accepted
application by mail. But
his
when
he appeared and they saw that he was a Negro, they refused to
admit him.
George was disappointed but not
bitter.
He
decided that
this feeling against his race
was
one of the problems that he had to solve. Since he had no
just
money with which town, he cheerfully In time he
set
up
his
to leave
laundry again.
made his way to Simpson's College and then to Iowa
State College at
Ames. There he received
his degrees
and became
one of the teachers. Then Booker T. Washington, famous Negro founder of Tuskegee Institute in Alabama, took him to Tuskegee to organize and head their agricultural department and experiment station.
name "Savior of many wonderful achievements in the field of
Later George Washington Carver earned the the South" by his
agricultural chemistry.
When
the boll weevil killed the cotton
crop on which most Southern farmers depended to earn their livings, he persuaded them to plant peanuts. Single-handed, he invented three hundred products using the chemicals that make up peanuts. He also thought of many uses for sweet potatoes and 108
GEORGE WASHINGTON CARVER pecans, and he invented a line of paints that could be
Alabama
clays- at
almost no cost.
desperately poor were
Many
farmers
made trom
who had
been
made more prosperous and comfortable
because of what he had done.
Leaders in far-off India and the Soviet Union, as well as the
own country, sought Dr. Carver's help as Many men who knew him well said he might have been a great musician or artist. One of his paint-
industrial leaders in his a research chemist.
just as easily
ings
was requested by the famous European
art gallery at
Luxem-
burg. Another was exhibited in the Chicago World's Fair and^
valued
at S4,000.
from Alabama
All have been painted with colors he had taken
clavs,
and some on canvas he made himself from
cornstalk fibers.
But perhaps self
his
most remarkable achievement was
through the entire elementary school
age often. If he had had parents to encourage him, or
been friends in Neosho to help him, stand. His
loved. In
life
its
it
to put him-
in a single year at the
would be
if
there had
easier to under-
might be compared to one of the flowers
seeds the flower contained
all
that he
the elements to
make
—
The
Map
A
That Came
to
Life
Story of Robert Louis Stevensox By Elizabeth Rider Montgomery
ANYONE f-\
who
pirates,
and more boys
hasn't read Treasure Island has missed one of
the best adventure stories ever written. Buried treasure,
who
ships,
castaways
Treasure
thrills besides. It's a story for
like plenty
had been weak and
of action. But
sickly
all
it
his life,
Island has
boys— for
all
those,
strong, healthy
was written by a man who never been able to
who had
romp and play like other boys. And it was written because a map began to swarm with people in that man's imagination. Robert Louis Stevenson had returned to his home in Scotland in 1880 after a his
new
long stay in America.
He brought
back with him
wife and her young son, Lloyd.
But the climate of Scotland was too harsh for the man who had all his life. Doctors ordered him to a health resort
been an invalid in Switzerland.
Though he
did not like Switzerland as well as his native Scot-
and found plenty to do to keep busy and happy. For one thing, there was his writing. Already the author of several successful books, he wrote whenever he felt well enough, always trying land, Stevenson did not complain. In spite of homesickness ill
health, he
THE MAP THAT CAME TO
LIFE
to write something better than he had
And
done before.
then there was Lloyd, his stepson. Stevenson and the boy
had grown to be great friends. They played elaborate war games huge map on the floor. They made
together, using tin soldiers and a
pictures and block prints together,
and operated
a
hand printing
Yes, Stevenson and his stepson were great pals.
set.
One day Lloyd good
story for
said to his stepfather, "I
Stevenson looked
What kind of a
wish you'd write
a
me." at
the boy affectionately.
"A good
story?
Lloyd?" "Oh, you know," answered the boy. "Lots of excitement. Pirates, maybe. Fights. And no women.'''' story
is
that,
"No women?" asked Stevenson. "Why not?" "Oh, women spoil a good story. They are fellow
is
always afraid
a
going to get hurt."
"All right, Lloyd," laughed Stevenson.
"I'll
write a
good
story
you one of these days— with no women in it." It was many days later, however, that Robert Louis Stevenson got an idea for the "good story." The man and the boy were sitting on the floor drawing pictures. Stevenson was coloring a map he
for
made— a
had
beautiful, elaborate
"Look here!" he exclaimed map. Wouldn't
this
it
be
Lloyd crawled over to
"Oh, yes!" ure.
But
how
a
map of an imaginary island. "Look at the island on
to Lloyd.
wonderful place for buried treasure?"
see,
and the dog, Woggs, followed him.
cried the boy. "That's a fine island for buried treas-
did the treasure get there, do you suppose?"
"Pirates," said Stevenson solemnly. "Pirates put pirates are trying to take
it
away. Can't you see
a
it
there,
and
one-eyed pirate
behind that rock?" Mrs. Stevenson had come into the
man and
room while
her husband
boy were so busy studying the neither of them heard her. Only the dog looked up, and
was
talking, but the
map
that
the
THE MAP THAT CAME TO
LIFE
wagged his tail. "Oh, Louis!" exclaimed Mrs. Stevenson fondly.
"What
boy you are! Seeing people on a map where there is nothing but harbors and mountains."
a
Stevenson looked up
at his
wife and scrambled to his
feet.
"Fanny," he said earnestly, "I can see a
whole swarm of
people on that island. Pirates,
buccaneers— and
castaways,
a
boy: a fine, strong, steady boy
Lloyd
like
write
to
here. a
And I'm going
good
story about
them."
"You :d Llovd. "Oh, that's great! Read it to me as you write it, won't you?" And
Stevenson
so
began
the writing of Treasure island,
though story of the
map
that
came
Each evening he read the day.
And
to
life,
at
The Sea
to his family
first
he
called the
Cool^,.
what he had written during
to his surprise not only his stepson listened faptly,
but his wife and his father as well. In
fact,
the old
was the boy. And when it was finished (with no women,
man was
as en-
thusiastic as
ordered, except for Jim's mother,
who
is
as
Lloyd had
necessary at the very be-
ginning) and was published, Stevenson found that he had written a story that
was loved by boys of all
ages,
from nine to
From The
ninety.
Story Behind Great Books
The Wright Brothers Learn By Joseph Cottler and
FROM
to
Fly
Haym Jaffe
when Wilbur Wright was
eleven years old and was seven, they had shown an interest in flying. It began in this way. Their father, Bishop Milton Wright, once walked into the room where they were playing. His hand concealed something. "Here's something for you," he said, and into the air he tossed a the time
his brother Orville
whirring object. "It flies," cried the boys, as they
and
strike the ceiling.
before
it fell.
"What
"A
is
There
it
watched
it
spin across the
room
few moments and eagerly examined it.
fluttered about for a
The boys jumped for the toy, it?" asked Orville.
toy bat," suggested Wilbur.
"It's a helicopter,"
"How
explained their father.
work?" they asked. Bishop Wright showed them that the "bat" was only a cork and bamboo frame, covered with paper; that it rose in the air by does
it
"3
means of some twisted rubber bands.
"Where
did you get
Fa-
it,
ther?" asked Wilbur. "I bought
New
when
it
I
was
in
York. Not long ago there
lived a certain fell sick
Frenchman,
and became
who
a cripple.
Since the poor fellow could not
walk, he began to dream of fly-
That
ing.
vent
is
how
he came to
this flying toy.
tried to
make
in-
Once he ma-
a real flying
chine, but he failed. Finally ev-
ery one laughed at his ambitions, and he died of a broken heart." The boys were silent for a moment. Then one exclaimed, "Perhaps some day a great man will succeed."
"Perhaps," replied their
fa-
ther.
Again and again they flew the "Let's
make
toy. "I
wonder
if
we can make
it
Wilbur.
fly higher," said
a bigger 'bat'," replied his brother.
They did make
another flying toy, somewhat larger, but this one did not fly as well as the one which their father had brought them.
"Perhaps
must
the less time their
we
try again."
did not
What
would
it
make our
'bat' right,"
they said.
"We
puzzled them was that the larger the toy,
stay
"bat" would not fly
up
in the
air.
And, beyond
a certain size,
at all.
Defeated, they turned their interest to kites, which would stay
"4
THE WRIGHT BROTHERS LEARN TO FLY But the helicopter always remained a vivid memory Wright brothers. When the boys grew older, they turned to the craze of the day, bicycles. They set up a little shop for repairing and making wheels. They made their own tools, even such complicated ones as lathes. Before long people began to know and like these quiet, pleasant brothers. Not only were their wheels well-made, but on them they installed a splendid safety brake which they had invented. One day they thought of having a bit of fun. They rode all over town on a huge tandem bicycle thev built. It was made of two old
up
in the air.
to the
high wheels, connected by a long gas pipe.
"It's a better sight
than
was the town's comment. Later the lure of flying seized them. They became deeply interested in the experiments which Otto Lilienthal, a German engineer, was making with flying machines. One day they read about the accident which had resulted in his death, and they sent for a copy seeing a circus,"
THE WRIGHT BROTHERS LEARN TO FLY of the book which he had written about flying. They liked the
way he had emphasized
the idea of constant practice.
"Every bird is an acrobat," he wrote. "Whoever would master the air must learn to imitate the birds. We must fly and fall, and fall and fly, until we can fly without falling." From then on the brothers thought less and less of their bicycle business. They read all they could about flying, and they began to watch the birds on the wing. If, when they were in their shop, one of the brothers spied a flock of birds flying by, "Birds!" he would shout. Both would drop their work and rush to the window, gazing until the birds were out of sight.
For the
rest
of the day, during their spare time, they would
argue about what they had seen
— about how the
wings are shaped when outstretched, how on end they talked about these matters. its
"I'm right," Orville would say. "It's like "No, I'm right," Wilbur would insist. "Well," Orville would
it
this
how
bird soars,
balances.
.
.
For days
."
"It's like that
."
.
.
you are right." Wilbur would be silent for some moments. "No, Orville, I see that you have the better idea," he would finally admit. And they would laugh and go on happily. They could hardly wait till Sunday afternoon. Then, for hours and hours, they would lie on their backs on a hill outside of Dayton, watching buzzards soar
hesitate,
on the
"I guess
rising current of air.
For five years they studied and argued about flying. They made tiny machines which they flew in the air like kites. "I've figured
it
out," reflected one of the brothers. "Lilienthal,
in five years, spent about five hours of actual gliding in the If we could only find
some way by which we could
practice
air.
by the
." hour instead of by the second, we could solve the problem. To this most dangerous of hobbies, they began to devote all their time and energy. After much study, they decided that if they .
116
.
THE WRIGHT BROTHERS LEARN TO FLY could
lie flat
in the airplane instead
Lilienthal's machine, the
wind
of standing upright,
resistance could be reduced.
as in
And
machine to balance himself and steer the airplane in the direction he wanted to fly, they decided that the machine should do the work. They put a rudder in front, and soon were able to control the airplane. instead of the rider's shifting in the
One day
an elderly
man
practicing in the gliding
them
appeared on the field, where they were machine which they had made. He watched
leap and soar, grasshopper fashion, from spot to spot on wings of wood and canvas.
their
"Do you young men know,"
he said, "that you have
nearer to the art of flying than any other It
man who
come
ever lived?"
was Octave Chanute speaking. He, too, had been experiment-
ing with flying machines, and he flying than any the brothers
man
in
America.
worked harder than
knew more about
He was most
the history of
encouraging, and
ever. Finally they built a flying
machine with an engine. They had to make the engine themselves, because no company would make one for them. Then they took their machine to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, to try it out.
On December 17, 1903, they were ready. A general invitation was sent to the people of the town to come and watch the fliers. Only five people were willing to face the cold December wind. The machine was made ready. The engine was started. Orville Wright got in. And
then a miracle! The airplane rose and stayed in the
twelve seconds! For the
man
first
raised itself into the air
air
time in history, a machine carrying
by
its
own power
a
and landed without
being wrecked.
Twelve seconds! From such beginnings, we have seen man and around the earth. At last man has nothing which to envy the birds. He can fly faster than any living bird.
fly across the oceans
for
Adapted from Heroes
"7
of Civilization
Thomas Alva Edison, Young Scientist By Winifred
THOMAS
ALVA EDISON
E. Wise
was much too busy
to
go
coasting, skating, or fishing often, or to join the rest of the
just
gang found
he was called as a boy, had book he could understand, and he was
in snowball fights. "Al," as a scientific
completely absorbed in
it.
He
read with breathless curiosity about
the thousands of things he wished to know: wheels,
why
boats float,
how
why
vehicles have
lightning rods work, and so on.
This book was his key to the wonderland of science. Eager to try the hundreds of experiments described in the book, he bought
some equipment with oratory in his
home
Here Al did
a
his limited
pocket
money and
set
up
a lab-
basement.
number of experiments. From the first he kept making sketches on loose pieces
records of these, writing data and
of paper which he preserved in scrapbooks. But
began to grow
restless.
He was
tired of being a
ask his father or mother for pocket money.
looked small when
it
came
after
baby
awhile he
who had
to
The money he got
to buying batteries and
Levden
jars for
THOMAS ALVA EDISON his
experiments, or delicate scales which would measure a
six-
teenth of an ounce. Besides, he was curious about the stirring
world outside
home town. What
his quiet
do about it? One day he was down at the depot in Port Huron, Michigan, where he lived. Standing next to old boy
several train officials,
he over-
heard them say that a boy was
needed to
sell
newspapers and
candy on the train between Fort Gratiot and Detroit. Here was his
chance! If he could get the
job, he could earn
money
to
buy
the equipment he needed, and he
could travel to the wonderful city of
Detroit every day.
Plucking up his courage, Al
Edison turned to the
men and
said, "I
heard you talking about
wanting
a train
I
boy.
How
would
do?" Because he looked
as a five-dollar
hired immediately.
home and
as bright
gold piece, he was
When he went
told his
mother
he had a job, she said,
your father about
that
"I'll talk
to
it."
That night there was
a family
conference in the Edison home.
Both parents thought
that
the
hours on the train would be too
could a twelve-year-
THOMAS ALVA EDISON long, and both were afraid to
let their
son go alone to the big
city
of Detroit. But it was not unusual, in those days, for a boy of twelve
own. The Edisons knew that Al would have own living soon — perhaps he might as well begin at once. It was not as though he would be going away from home for good. Every night he could come home to sleep under his own roof. Every morning his mother could see that his ears were washed, that his stomach was full of good food, and that stray buttons on his coat and pants were sewed on. Mr. and Mrs. Edison finally agreed to allow him to take the job. Al's train left Fort Gratiot at seven in the morning and reached
to strike out
on
his
to start earning his
Detroit at ten. Returning,
it
left
Detroit
at half-past six in
the
Loudly the new train boy peddled his stock-in-trade through the smoker and the "ladies' car," calling out, "Big double-roasted, double-jointed peanuts, ham sandwiches, popcorn." The passengers had to eat evening and arrived
at
Fort Gratiot
at half-past nine.
wares for breakfast, because trains did not then have diners.
his
Then he came
back, laden with reading matter, and tossed a dime
novel or a recent newspaper or magazine into the lap of each traveler. In a
few minutes, he re-appeared to
lications or the
money
for them.
He
collect either the
usually collected the
pub-
money,
because nearly everyone bought a newspaper and a magazine.
One day he saw
a sign, "Detroit Free Library," and hurried low brick building. Looking at the rows and rows of books, he thought to himself, "Why not read all the books here? Then I
into the
know almost everything in the world." He measured off the shelves and decided
will
that he
ought to be
able to read about a foot of books a week. This he set out to do,
reading yards of histories, geographies, novels, and scientific works to satisfy his eager curiosity. But the more books he read, the more books there were to read, as the library went on buying books. He might as well have tried to bail out the sea with a
THOMAS ALVA EDISON thimble.
with
a
Soon he
poem
down to reading mostly scientific books, when his studies got too heavy. His favorites
settled
or novel
were Longfellow's Evangeline and the novels of Victor Hugo. Before long Al was very much at home in Detroit. By the time the conductor on the early evening Port
Huron
train called, "All
Aboard!" young Edison was all aboard too, arms full of newly bought chemicals for his experiments. Before the train was out of the yards, he was walking through the aisles, peddling his papers and candies. When the train stopped at a station, he got off to sell newspapers to he earned
his regular
customers in the town.
From
the start
month. After giving his mother a the rest on chemicals and laboratory
at least forty dollars a
dollar every day, he spent
all
equipment.
He had gone
to
work
chiefly in order to get
money
to
buy
materials for his experiments. Before, he had had the time for
experimenting, but no money.
Now
he had the money, but no
The only solution was a "laboratory on wheels." The baggage car on the train was divided into three compartments—one for mail, one for packages and trunks, and the third time.
smoking section was not used for was turned over to the train boy. Here Al kept his newspapers, candy, and other stock-in-trade, and here he proposed to set up his laboratory. With the conductor's permission, he moved the chemicals, test tubes, and bottles from his
for smoking. Being stuffy, the its
original purpose, but
basement sanctum to the his
train. After that he spent the tag-ends of time on both runs of the train doing delicate chemical experi-
ments.
But that
One
fall
Old Man Bad Luck came knocking
night he had so
many newspaper customers
at Al's door.
in the
town of
Fraser that he did not hear the conductor shout, "All aboard!"
The train
started off;
and Al ran
the steps of the last car, and
after
hung
it,
there.
caught the handrail beside
The
train picked
up speed
^ and dragged him over the gravel roadbed breath from running, and with hands
stiff
at a fast clip.
Out of
with cold, he could not
A
brakeman grabbed him up. His grip slipped; so he caught the boy's ears as convenient handles and yanked him to safety. Al felt something in his ears snap, and from that moment he began to grow deaf. Al's fortunes hit further rough going a few weeks later when the springless cars hit a bit of rough track. As the train rattled over the poorly laid rails, a stick of phosphorus was shaken from a water jar in his laboratory, and set fire to the baggage car. When the conductor arrived on the scene, Al was trying to fan out the flames with his coat. Shoving him aside, the conductor soon smothered the blaze with buckets of sand and water. Although the fire had done little damage, he was so enraged over this accident that he dumped the young scientist off at the next station, and, pull himself
him by the
onto the platform of the
train.
scruff of the neck and tried to pull
THOMAS ALVA EDISON with him,
away
equipment. This done, the train puffed
his laboratory
and Al's career as a train boy ended. few days, however, he was busy setting up test tubes home basement and optimistically planning future experi-
into the late
Within in his
twilight,
a
He had
ments.
fall
almost forgotten his unpleasant
afternoon on
last
the train. Never one to worry over accidents after they happened,
he
later said, "Spilt
While
milk doesn't interest me.
have always
I
forgotten, and
I
felt it
for a
few days,
it is
operator in various
cities
of the
United States and Canada
—posi-
which gave him spare time on his experiments. At
to carry
the age of twenty-two, he sold his first successful invention,
a
stock ticker, for forty thousand dollars.
opened
With
this
money he
his first laboratory.
ing his long, eventful
life,
Dur-
he took
out patents on more than one
thousand inventions. to give us the
He
helped
phonograph, the
incandescent electric light, electric
railroads,
have
motion
pictures,
and many, many other things
which have changed our way
of
living.
Adapted from Thomas Alva Edison, Youth and His T.
the
spilt lots
quickly
turn again to the future."
Meanwhile Thomas Alva Edison, now teen, had been learning telegraphy. He became a telegraph
tions
I
fif-
of it.
Teddy Roosevelt, the Boy Naturalist By Ruth Cromer Weir
Teddy Roosevelt YOUNG he would be he decided
men and man, too, some day. He especially liked to read stories about explorers. He liked to study insects and snakes and fishes and birds and wild animals. liked to read about great
that
So he planned to be
a great
a great naturalist.
Once when his younger sister, Connie, was away from home on a visit, "Teddy" wrote her about his latest pets. "I have got four white mice," the letter said, "white-skinned, red-eyed velvety creatures, very tame, for I let
One day Teddy
them run
all
over me."
put a family of white mice in the refrigerator
Although Teddy's mother was kind, keeping was too much even for a loving mother. Mrs. Roosevelt disposed of them. But when Teddy found that his mice were gone, he could hardly bear it. "It's the loss to science!
to keep
mice
The
them
safely.
in the refrigerator
loss to science!" he stormed.
Teddy's mother often sent him to
a store on Broadway, near buy strawberries. There one day Teddy saw a dead seal that the fishermen had killed in the harbor. Young Teddy thought that this was surely the most wonderful "specimen" that any naturalist could wish to study. Teddv asked the storekeeper for permission to measure it. Then he set to work on the most important scientific study he had ever made. He had no tape measure, but quickly slid a folding ruler from a bulging pocket. With great care, the boy measured the dead seal. Around
his
home
in
New York
City, to
12-4
TEDDY ROOSEVELT, THE BOY NATURALIST body he placed the ruler. Then he carefully measured the animal from the end of the nose to the tip of the tail flipper. Before he left the store, young Roosevelt bought a new notebook, in which he drew a picture of the seal. He wrote a complete description of the animal and listed all its measurements. In the days that followed, the
Teddy
visited the store time
keeper disposed of the
seal's
and again. At
last,
when
How proudly Teddy walked home with that skull! Johnnie and Jimmie Roosevelt,
were almost
as interested in
it
who
as
It
velt
first scientific
was decided
Museum
His cousins,
lived in the house next door,
Teddy. Suddenly Teddy had one
of his bright ideas. "Let's have a
can be our
the store-
body, he gave the skull to Teddy.
museum," he suggested. "This
specimen."
that the
museum
should be named the "Roose-
of Natural History."
After that, the Roosevelt
home became
a livelier
place than
from dresser drawers. Field mice scurried from closets, ground squirrels scampered across the floor, and frogs and toads hopped from under Teddy's bed. There were other animals, too, some partly preserved for the new museum. One bright day, Teddy was on his way home from a successful hunting trip with his cousin, Jimmie. They had found two toads of a strange, new kind, for the museum. The sacks which they had taken were already full of new specimens of insects. The boys' pockets were likewise full, so the two decided to carry the toads home under their hats. They were almost home when, rounding a corner, they found themselves face to face with Mrs. Hamilton Fish. Mrs. Hamilton Fish was a friend of their parents, and was a ever.
Snakes and lizards
slid
very proper lady. Mrs. Fish smiled.
"Good
afternoon, boys,"
she said.
Teddy and jimmie exchanged could do only one thing. as they tipped their hats.
"Good
a
quick glance. Polite boys
afternoon," they replied sickly,
TEDDY Out jumped the two valued toad specimens, lost forever to science. It
was not long
Teddy
after that
advertised for field mice
to swell the
museum. He
offered
thirty-five cents for each family
of mice and ten cents for each
mouse
delivered to him.
he
home
left
Then
for a visit in the
country, forgetting
all
about the
mice.
Soon
a farmer appeared at
the Roosevelt door with families of mice.
"Your brother
two
advertised for these," the farmer
explained.
Anna, Teddy's older sister, paid for Teddy's mice. But this was only the beginning. Men and boys and more men and more boys came to the Roosevelts' door with more mice, each in answer to Teddy's advertisement.
Anna proved to be
a really
wonderful
sister.
Mice were the
thing on earth that she wanted to buv. But she bought them
with her
last all
own money. What is more, she kept them fed until Teddy's
return.
The Roosevelt boys had their museum in Teddy's room. They were always adding new insects, birds, animals, and reptiles to their collection. Before long,
with grubby specimens. At
Teddy's room bulged and reeked
the maid could stand it no longer. would quit working for the Roosevelts if something was not done about Teddy's room. With the help of Teddy's father, the museum was moved to the third floor. Teddy's father also found a taxidermist to teach Teddy
She
last,
said she
12.6
tMt&Mfc-
hV-
ROOSEVELT way
the scientific
f
to preserve
and mount museum specimens.
Teddy had
already started to
write journals which he called his natural histories. In one, his
Natural History of Insects, he wrote: "All the insects that I write about in this
book inhabbit
Now
North America.
and then
me something
a friend has told
about them but mostly
I
have
gained their habits from ofserva-tion."
Although Teddy misspelled
many words, always knew first
and "observation," he
he did "inhabit'
as
their
meaning. Already he had learned some of the
He knew how
lessons of a great naturalist.
observations and
how
make careful What is more,
to
to keep a record of them.
he could understand what he saw. Later, young Teddy Roosevelt carried out his plan to be a naturalist.
Theodore Roosevelt
also
of the United States. But
it
nature that prepared him to country. For the plan
it
known
became known
as a great President
was, probably, his lifelong interest in
make
his greatest contribution to his
was Theodore Roosevelt who helped as the
to
draw up
Conservation of National Resources. This
wonderful plan began the movement to save our
forests,
our wind-
ing rivers and streams, our bright wild birds, our wild animals, and
our rich minerals.
It
has helped to keep America a productive as
well as a beautiful land.
The plan
also set aside
some of our most
beautiful regions as national parks, where, every year, thousands
of people enjoy many wonders of nature, and birds and animals are always safe. 12-7
The Story
of Jane
Addams
By Jean Brown Wagoner
IITTLE
tiptoed to the window and pushed the open a crack. Cold air rushed in on her bare feet. A snow was falling. "Ooo-ooo! It's colder than ever."
Jane Addams
,shutter light
She was about to pop back into bed when she heard Father's voice.
He was
out on the front steps calling to someone.
"I won't be at the mill this morning," he
and
I are
going to the
was saying, "Jane
city."
"Going to the city!" cried Jane, and fairly jumped into her The Addams family lived in the little town of Cedarville, Illinois, and a trip to the bigger town of Freeport was always an clothes.
to. Jane hurried down to breakfast but found had already gone down to the barn to hitch up Prince.
event to look forward that Father
"You're going
who had buggy!
in the
new buggy,"
said Polly, the
housekeeper
taken care of Jane since her mother died. "In the
Oh my
!
new
" shouted Jane. She hadn't ridden in the new buggy,
which Father had driven home
just the
week
before.
It
was
a beau-
THE STORY OF JANE ADDAMS glossy black trimmed with a narrow yellow stripe. Now Jane was going all the way to Freeport in this elegant carriage, and she was almost too excited to eat. Father was at the door with the buggy before she had finished her chocolate. He liited her onto the seat beside him, and tucked the covers around her. He set a box under her feet, for her legs were too short for her feet to touch the floor. Then he lilted the reins, and off they went, whirling out of the drive in a flurry of snow, through the streets of Cedarville, and down the road toward tiful
Freeport.
When
Jane loved Freeport. Everyone was so friendly. stopped
at
they
The bowed and
the inn, the stableboy ran out to hold the horse.
owner came out
to
welcome them. People on the
street
smiled.
While Father went to the bank, Jane went to William Walton's That was her favorite store, because Mr. Walton always saved samples of his finest cloth for her. He knew she used them for her dolls. Sometimes there were pieces from New York and London and Paris. He new the names of some of the great ladies who wore dresses of these materials. He told her about the balls that were given for them. store.
Jane didn't have time to stop at the old mill
have to
start
home
I
visit as
used to
long as usual today. "I have to
own
here," Father said, "so we'll
earl v."
Mr. Walton wrapped up the beautiful Jane.
He
helped her into the carriage as
if
bits
of satin and
silk for
she were one of the ele-
gant ladies herself. Father
left
the city by a different road this time.
go down the wide
street
with lovely gardens and lawns. They went dirtiest streets
"Why,
They
didn't
with the big shade trees and fine homes
down
the narrowest,
Jane had ever seen.
Father, these people haven't any yards at ix 9
all.
There
isn't
THE STORY OF \\
any room for the children to
play.
Why
did the people build such
little
houses so close together?"
"They haven't enough money buy bigger houses or yards," he answered. "They have to live where they can walk to work, to
Jane stared
and
at the
ugly houses
and the children who
streets
played in the dirt because there
was no
grass.
"When shall
have
I
grow
up, Father,
I
a big house, a great big
house," she said decidedly. "But won't have it where all the other
I
big houses are. in
the
I'll
middle
have
Then I'll let dren come and play
houses.
and
right little
all
the chil-
in
my
yard
my house." The
pii
it
of these
years
went
by,
and
al-
most before she knew it, Jane Addams was grown up. After she graduated from college she went abroad and lived in the big cities she had read about— Lon-
don, Paris, Rome. She wasn't any longer. She was a beautiful young lady dressed in velvets and silks, who went to the grand balls and to
a plain little girl
the opera. She visited the art galleries and
museums and
libraries
throughout the world, and studied about the wonderful things
JANE ADDAMS she saw. But there was one thing she saw that was not wonder-
good. It was ugly. Back of the grand hotels and behind the opera houses and the art galleries lived the poor people. The only homes they knew were dark, dirtv little rooms in
ful or beautiful or
dark, dirty buildings.
The
streets
they lived on were so narrow
man
could stand in the middle
and touch both
sides.
The
fcW4^'
~Jf*sz2s l
the boys and girls
No
play?" asked Jane.
one an-
They thought this American girl was queer to
swered rich
*-*j£
$ sun- /
light never reached them.
"Where do
pf$Q
a
her.
ask such a question.
"Why
won't someone do
something to help them?" she begged. Finally
"You
hard time.
own
one
man
said angrily,
think the poor here have It is just as
bad
in
a
your
country."
"In the United States," said
would do somesomeone told them and showed them that it was bad." Jane, "people
thing
if
He laughed at her in scorn. " Well,who's going to tell them so that they will listen.
"Yes,
I
You?"
will," said Jane to her-
She went to her hotel and began to pack her trunks. "I'm self.
'ff/
f/
THE STORY OF JANE ADDAMS going home. All the beauty in the world can't make
me happy
when I know there are people at my back door who are starving. The people of the United States are kind and generous. I'll go live with the poor in the big cities. Then I'll tell my friends about them. I know they will make things better." So Jane Addams came back to America. People said, "Now Jane will
Jane
live in a fine
said,
house and be a fashionable lady."
"Now I am going to
do what
I
planned to do when
I
was a little girl." She went to Chicago. There, in the worst part of the city, she found a big house. It had once been a beautiiul home in the center of a park, and had been built by a man named Hull. It was still called Hull House, but now it was part of the tenement district. Foreigners from all countries were crowded together there. There weren't any trees or grass or flowers within miles. Dirty, rickety buildings walled in filthy,
muddy
streets.
The
crying of children,
the angry shouts of men, the shrill voices of tired mothers filled
Whole families lived in one room. Addams rented Hull House, and she and two good friends went to work. They scraped off layers of dirty paint and wallpaper. They scrubbed and polished. They brought their fine rugs and the
air.
Jane
pictures
and furniture. Outside was the ugly, smelly
city.
Inside
home, and Jane and her friends moved into it. Then she began to get acquainted with her neighbors. She invited them to her house for tea. She used her best china and her finest silver. There were roses on the table and a fire in the fireplace. The room was so pretty the women felt embarrassed. But Jane was friendly and soon they were telling her about Italy, their native country. They told her how homesick they were sometimes. The next day they came again and brought their friends and their husbands. How they loved Jane's beautiful home and her was
a clean, fine
pretty things!
Most of all they loved her kind 132-
heart.
One day Jane was watching some little children in the street. They were making mud pies; that is, they were trying to. But every few minutes they had to run out of the way of the horses and big wagons that came lumbering down the street. "Why don't you keep your children at home?" Jane Addams asked the mothers of the neighborhood. "Aren't you afraid they'll be killed playing in the streets?"
"Some of them do get killed," replied the mothers. "But what we do? We have to go to work from early morning till late at night. If we leave the children in the house, they play too near the
can
stove and catch fire." "I
tie
my
little
ones to the bed so that thev can't get into mis-
chief," said another,
"but they cry because they get hungry."
"Let the smallest ones come to care of
them while you work." i33
my house,"
said Jane. "I'll take
THE STORY OF JANE ADDAMS More and more women left their little ones for Jane to look after. She had a big sand pile built where they could make all the mud pies they wanted. She bought storybooks and read to them.
Soon the
older children begged to be allowed to play there, too. Jane took
them
She bought tools and games and more books.
all in.
"I need
more money and many
helpers," she said. She
went
to
her friends, rich and poor, and told them about her neighbors,
and their needs.
Then just what Jane had told the man in Europe would happen The people of the United States began to do something when they heard about the poor people. The woman that owned Hull House gave it to Jane rent-free. Another woman gave money for a big nursery. A man who owned a block of tenement buildings gave them to her. ''Fix them up, tear them down, do what you did happen.
want," he
said.
Young women and young men from good homes came and lived at Hull
looked
House and helped take
after the little children, they
care of Jane's neighbors.
They
scrubbed floors, washed win-
dows, cooked for Jane's guests, planned parties and club meetThey helped keep Hull House bright and clean.
ings.
"This still is not enough," said Jane Addams. "My neighbors have to work too long and don't make enough to live on. "We
must make laws that won't allow little children to work in facThe working places of all people must be light and airy and safe. Working hours must be shorter so that men will have time to enjoy their families. Men must be paid more so that thev can buv tories.
the things they need."
The people of the United States listened to Jane Addams. Thev made more just and kindly laws. All these wonderful things that she brought about took a good many years and a great deal of hard work. But she made her' city a better place to live in. Adapted from Jane Addams,
*34
Little
Lame
Girl
Own
Babe Ruttis
Story
By George Herman Ruth
MY
earliest
streets
memories center about the
dirty, traffic-crowded
of Baltimore's river front.
Crowded streets they were too, noisy with the roar of heavy trucks whose drivers yelled and aimed blows with their driving whips
at
the legs of kids
who made
the streets their play-
ground.
A
rough, tough neighborhood, but
crooked winding
There too
Many
I
streets I staged
played
my first
people thought
I
my
I
liked
first fight,
it.
There
and
in those
lost, I think.
baseball.
was an orphan. 35
I
wasn't.
My folks lived
BABE RUTH'S Baltimore and
in
raised.
my
father
worked
OWN
in the district
STORY
where
I
was
We were poor. Very poor. There were times when we never
the next meal was coming from. But I never minded. was no worse off than the other kids with whom I played and
knew where I
fought. I It
don't
know how I happened to be sent to St. Mary's school. much a school as it was a home where kids like me
wasn't so
could be cared for and trained and taught as they should be. All
remember in
that
is
I
was
knee pants playing in the
pleasant I
my
little
man
when
"Not
I
where one day a round-faced came over to talk to me. and I called him Father, and tipped
street,
in clerical garb
thought he was a
cap
I
a loose-jointed, gangling, dirty-faced kid
priest
spoke to him.
Father," he said, smiling, "Just Brother
— Brother
Gil-
bert."
Then he given a fine
me that I was to go with him, that I would be home and taught things that would make me into a
told
useful citizen. I didn't liked the
But
I
want
to go. I liked the freedom of the street;
gang of youngsters
I
played with.
went.
For a while I wasn't happy. I missed the crowds, and the dirt, and the noise of the street. I missed the other kids. I even missed the policemen. As I look back at it now I realize that I must have
been a
real
problem to the Brothers.
But Brother Gilbert stuck with me. I'll
I
owe him
a lot.
More than
ever be able to repay.
was Brother Gilbert who finally struck upon the thing to interest and keep me happy. It was baseball. Once I had been introduced to school athletics, I was satisfied and happy. Even as a kid I was big for my years, and because of my size I used to get most any job I liked on the team. Sometimes I pitched. Sometimes I caught, and frequently I played the outfield and inIt
hold
my
was all the same to me. wanted was to play. I didn't
field. It
All
I
care where.
As
I
grew
older, Brother Gil-
me more and
bert encouraged
more. At sixteen
I
had developed
good
catcher and was beginning to hit pretty well. I was tall and skinny in those days. From some of the pictures that still hang on the walls over at school, I guess I must have been into a pretty
about
as
funny-looking
a
kid as ever got a trouncing for cutting
go fishing. There were a lot of fine men connected with the school. They are among the very few people who call me "George." To the rest of the world, and particularly to the baseball fans, I'm"Babe"and have been ever since I broke into baseball. The coach of the Balticlasses to
more Orioles gave me the nickname when I joined the club in 1914. Jack Dunn, owner and manager of the club, had sent me over. The first day I reported at the clubhouse, the coach said, "Well, here's Jack's newest babe now."
BABE RUTH'S
OWN
STORY
And the name stuck. I suppose I will still be "Babe" when man with wobbly legs and long whiskers.
I'm
an old, old
Brother Gilbert was responsible for
He
into league baseball. liked the as
way
I
did things. Lots of times he
an example to the other boys,
stand;
and
Dunn
telling
my getting a chance to get
used to coach our baseball team, and he
when I was him about me.
finally,
would point me out you under-
as a baseball player,
eighteen, he wrote a letter to Jack
me over and was flabbergasted. I hadn't known about the letter, and the idea of shaking hands with a real professional baseball man was almost too much. Jack was mighty good to me I'll
never forget the day Brother Gilbert called
me to
introduced
Jack. I
and talked for quite a
uniform and out
hour,
I
a
while about baseball. Finally he got
in the yard.
guess, talking to
He had me
pitch to
do say went into the
I
me
I
into
for a half
me all the time, and telling me not to
was a pretty fair pitcher so myself. At the end of a half hour, Dunn
and not to try too hard.
him
strain
in those days, if
called a halt
and
office with Brother Gilbert.
me in. Brother Gilbert Dunn thought I would make a ball player, and
In about another half hour they called explained that Mr.
wanted
me
"How
to sign a contract with the Baltimore Orioles.
about
it,
young man," Dunn asked me, "do you want
to play baseball?" I must have come near falling over in my excitement. want to play baseball? Does a fish like to swim or a squirrel climb trees? I didn't even pause to ask questions. "Sure," I said, "I'll play. When do I start?" But Brother Gilbert stopped me. "Wait a minute, George," he said, "this is a serious business. Boys play baseball for fun, but you're a man now and you're taking I
Did
a
guess
I
man's job.
You know
playing on the sand
lots.
playing professional baseball isn't like
The men on 138
the Baltimore team
know
a
OWN
BABE RUTH'S more
lor Ir
STORY you do. I want
baseball than
won't be easy. Besides,
you to undersrand all rhe arrange-
ment. Mr. Dunn pay you the
has agreed to
hundred
six
six-months'
dollars for
That's
season.
about twenty-five dollars
a
week.
Will you be satisfied with that?"
Twenty-five dollars
a
week!
Why I'd be as rich as Rockefeller, I
thought.
And
lor playing base-
never even hesitated.
ball! I
"Sure, I'd like said
and
it," I said,
Dunn And so
fast too, for fear
it
might change his mind. it was arranged. A contract was drawn up, and I signed it. Then I
beat
rest
it
out-of-doors to
tell
the
»
^)
of the boys.
In the years that have gone byflL^ I've
had
of
a lot
when
I
series
game.
pitched
I hit a ball
I
thrills. I
my
world
get one every time
over the fence, and
got a big one that day
my my
got one
first
sixtieth
when
I
I hit
home run and broke
old record. But none of these
could compare to the
came the day
I
thrill that
paraded out to the
playground and told the boys that I
was signed
to a contract.
Adapced from Babe Ruth's Own
The Chief at A
Warm
Springs
Story about Franklin D. Roosevelt
By Ann Weil
IN
THE
in
spring of 1933 a
Warm
little girl
pushed herself across
a
lawn
Springs, Georgia. She had had infantile paralysis,
and was still a patient at the Warm Springs hospital. Her face was flushed. Her eyes were bright with excitement. "Yoo-hoo, Jimmy!" she called to a boy who was pushing himself along in a wheel chair. "Jimmy!" she called again. "I've the most wonderful news. Guess who's coming!"
Jimmy was a new patient at the hospital. He was homesick and discouraged. Only a few weeks before he had been running and playing
like other boys.
Now all he could do was push himself
along in a wheel chair. Nancy's enthusiasm didn't interest him. "I don't care who's coming," he said. it
"What
difference does
make anyway?"
"You won't say that when I tell you," Nancy said. "Oh, Jimmy, I just
heard. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt
is
coming. Just
think, you're going to see the President of the United States!"
Even
this
news
failed to arouse
for?" he asked. "Because he
Jimmy. "What's he coming us? I don't want any-
feels sorry for
one feeling sorry for me. Not even the President of the United States."
why should he feel sorry for us?" "Why?" Jimmy looked at her in amazement. Then, without
"But, Jimmy,
140
a
THE CHIEF AT word, he looked
WARM
down
SPRINGS
at his
own
crippled legs.
Nancy said, "there's no reason why he should be sorry for us any more than we should feel sorry for him." "What?" Jimmy stared at her. "Are you crazy? Why on earth "But, Jimmy,"
should you and
I feel
"Jimmy—" now
sorry for the President?"
was Nancy's turn to be surprised- "don't you know? Don't you know that President Roosevelt has infantile paralysis, too?"
At
first
it
Jimmy was
too amazed to say anything. After
a
few
minutes, he shook his head slowly from side to side. "No, Nancy," said, "I didn't know. I guess it's strange, but I didn't know. Did he get it when he was young, too?" "No." Nancy was pleased that Jimmy had finally become inter-
he
ested in something besides himself. "Listen," she said, "I'll
you all about it. He became ill when he was thirty-nine years Both his legs were completely paralyzed.
tell
old.
You know, it's would take years of patient exercise and many painful treatments. Even then they didn't know whether they would be able to help him. And, Jimmy, do you know what he said? He said, 'When does the work begin? If there's any way to beat this thing I'm going to do it.' "For three years he did everything the doctors told him to do. Bit by bit he became better. It took him almost two years to learn "The doctors weren't
sure they could help him.
They
harder to cure a grownup.
how
to
months
move one later,
told
him
it
he could move one foot. Then, move both of them. At last, with the
toe. Finally
he was able to
help of braces and crutches, he was able to swing himself along.
"Then—" Nancy's
eyes
grew bright— "he heard
that
people had been helped by bathing in the waters here at Springs. So he decided to
pened, Jimmy!
had
come
He made more
here, too.
And
progress here in
in all the three rears before.
some
Warm
guess what hap-
six
weeks than he
TOBf "This was then, with a
just
a
tiny
place
few old cottages. Mr.
Roosevelt decided to enlarge so that
many
it,
people might come
here for treatment. Before long
he had started the
Foundation, and
now! Look
Warm
Springs
—well, look at
at all the
it
wonderful
we have here today." Jimmy nodded. Nancy's eyes
ildings
.w '3|p
"^^T
were brighter than ever now. "Guess what," she said. "One day when he was swimming right over there in that swimming pool he got a telephone call. He was asked to run for Governor or
New York wouldn't do
state.
He
said he
but they nomi-
it,
nated him anyway.
And
the election! In 1932 he
other election.
he won won an-
Then he became
the President of the United States."
Jimmy looked up and smiled.
"Do you
at
Nancy
think
I'll
him when he comes?" he asked. "See him? Why, of course, you will. You'll see him many times. And that's what I came over here to tell you. You're going to see him tonight. He's having dinner with us in the main dining really get to see
room. Afterward we'll all sing songs together. We always do. Somehow, as soon as he gets here, we all forget that he's the President of the United States.
We call him the Chief."
THE CHIEF AT
WARM
SPRINGS slowly, as though he were talking to
"Nancy—" Jimmy spoke himself— "you know, Nancy, while ago.
I
my
thought
life
I
don't feel the same
was
spoiled.
I
way
I
did a
little
didn't think I'd ever
be able to do anything interesting or important. I thought everyone would feel sorry for me and— well, I don't feel that way any more. Gee!" He looked at Nancy and laughed. "I'm starved. I hope the
Chief isn't
In the
late for
dinner."
of 1946
fall
President Roosevelt's died the year before. It
was
Jimmy and his father stood on the steps of Hyde Park home. President Roosevelt had
Now the house belonged to the Government.
museum.
a public
Jimmy walked up to the door. His legs were strong and straight now. He had almost forgotten that he had had infantile paralysis. "We're too early, Father," he said. "It's only nine-thirty. The sign says that visiting hours are from ten until five."
"We
can
sit
down
over there on the bench while we're wait-
ing," his father answered. "It will be nice to watch the birds. I've
never seen so
They
many
in
one place."
down, and for a while neither of them said anything. But Jimmy, who was always full of questions, couldn't keep sat
quiet for long.
"Don't you think President Roosevelt was one of our greatest
Presidents?" he asked.
"Yes,"
his father
"What do you Jimmy went on.
answered. "I certainly do." think
was
Jimmy's father smiled. "That
his
is
greatest
accomplishment?"
hard to decide," he
led the country through a great war. But he did
many
said.
"He
other im-
portant things. Everyone you ask would have a different answer. And," he added, "some people don't think he was great at all." 143
^rm
Jimmy nodded and
"No country.
:-|
went on.
his father
President can please everyone. America
What
pleases
other group. But President Roosevelt
he thought were right.
is
a
very large
one group of people often displeases an-
He wanted
worked hard
for the ideas
four freedoms for
all
people
everywhere in the world. Freedom from want. Freedom from
Freedom to worship in the way each person thinks is right. Freedom of speech." The front door opened and the caretaker looked out. "You may come in now," he said. Jimmy and his father started up the steps. Then they stopped and looked at the house again before they went inside. It was a nice house. It was a big, old-fashioned, comfortable American home. This was the house where Franklin Delano Roosevelt was born. This was the house he loved, the house to which he always returned. Here he had had freedom from want, freedom from fear, freefear.
dom
to worship as he pleased, freedom to say the things he
thought were
right.
Here he had hoped and planned and worked. From
Franklin Roosevelt, Boy of the Four Freedoms
144
m
r
-J^W^i
Joseph the Dreamer By Mary Alice Jones and Lillian Williams
JOSEPH was to boast.
a bright
boy, but he
He would go
knew
running to
it,
and he seemed often
his ten older brothers
and
them about the wonderful dreams he had dreamed. "Listen," he said one morning. "Last night I dreamed that we were all in the field binding up the sheaves of grain. And when my sheaves were bound, they rose up straight. And when your sheaves were bound they all came around to my sheaves and bowed low before them." "What can such a dream mean?" the brothers asked, angrily. "Do you think it means that you are going to be a ruler? Do you think it means that all of us, who are older than you are, will be your servants?" And his brothers walked away, offended. But Joseph had more dreams of the same kind. And he told the others about them. Naturally, the boy became very unpopular with his brothers. What made it worse was that Joseph was acttell
ually the favorite son of their old father, Jacob.
the boy a beautiful
new
One day
he gave
coat of bright colors, with long sleeves.
When
Joseph showed off this coat to his brothers, they were so angry and jealous that they would hardly speak to him. 146
DREAMER
JOSEPH, THE
Jacob's big family lived in the hilly land of Canaan. Their
homes were
tents.
They had many sheep and cattle. The older t locks and went on long trips across the find enough grass for the sheep to eat. Joseph
boys took care of the country, trying to
home and played with his baby brother, Benjamin, men and women as they told stories of the
usually stayed at
or listened to the old
adventures of their
One
tribe.
many
time the brothers had been gone for
days. Jacob
asked Joseph to go and find his brothers and bring back word
how
they were getting along. Joseph put on his
took some food and started It
was
new
coat and
off.
long journey to make on foot. Joseph grew tired
a
looking for his brothers. But after a while he met a traveler
who
had seen them and
told
him where
who
to go.
The brothers saw Joseph coming, walking proudly in his new One of them said, "Here's that dreamer. I don't want to hear any more of his stories. Why don't we get rid of him? This
coat.
is
our chance to
kill
him."
But Reuben, the oldest brother, kill
him.
We
can just put him
down
said,
in this
"There
is
no need to
deep open hole where
he cannot get out."
The
brothers agreed.
took off
his pretty
Now, Reuben was away, traders
his
new
When
Joseph came up to them, they
coat and dropped
him
planned to rescue the boy
into the hole.
later.
But while he
other brothers noticed a caravan of Ishmaelite
coming across the
valley
on
their
way
to Egypt, their
camels piled high with precious goods. Judah had an idea.
"Why
not
will be rid
sell
Joseph to these Ishmaelites?" he asked.
of him for always, and with the money
some of the goods we need." The brothers liked this plan; to the strangers.
H7
"We
we can buy
so they sold Joseph as a slave
Reuben was
terrified
when
he came back and found what
they had done.
"What
can
I tell
my
father?"
he cried.
But the brothers took Joseph's cloak, dipped it into the blood and took it to their father. Jacob thought his son had been killed by a wild animal, and he grieved for many days. of
a goat,
In the meantime, Joseph was on the
way
to Egypt.
frightened and homesick he was on that long trip!
Many
he stayed awake, thinking of the people in the tents back
and of the prayers said to their
tribe
his father
Jacob and
all
How nights
home
the tribe had so often
God. He remembered how God had been with his all their journeys. He felt that God was with
throughout
him, too, even in a foreign country.
He
felt
that
God
could give
him strength and courage and wisdom, even though he had been sold as a slave. Finally, the journey
place to Joseph.
He had
came
to an end.
Egypt was
a
strange
never seen a city before, and here were
great buildings and streets, with chariots and horses, and people
dressed in queer, fine clothes.
wealthy
man named
The
Ishmaelites sold the
boy to
a
Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh, the ruler or ,48
the country. Potiphar had a large house
barns and stables, and
Now, Joseph
really
many was
servants.
a bright boy,
He
and he had learned not
and thought, and before long he could speak the language of the Egyptians and do as they did about many things. Soon he became a personal attendant, or to act like a spoiled child.
listened
servant, to Potiphar. As he grew older, his owner gave him more and more important things to do, and finally made him manager of his whole household. It was a responsible job, and Joseph worked hard. Often he prayed to God for help. He did the work
so well that Potiphar did not have to bother about a thing.
Then and
trouble came. Potiphar's wife became angry with Joseph
falsely
thrown
accused him of insulting her. Potiphar had Joseph
But while he was
in jail Joseph behaved himself was given charge of the other prisoners. of these men were servants of Pharaoh, the ruler. One of
into
jail.
so well that before long he
Two
[
49
JOSEPH, THE them was Pharaoh's cupbearer, and the other
DREAMER
One Now, Joseph
his baker.
night they both had dreams that troubled them.
often had dreams himself, and he believed that God told him what they meant. He was able to tell these men the meaning of their dreams, and things turned out just the way he had said. Sometime later Pharaoh himself dreamed. He called on the magicians and the fortunetellers and asked them to tell him what
dreams meant, but they could not. Then his cupbearer, who had been released from jail and given his old job again, remembered Joseph and told Pharaoh about him. He explained that Joseph had known exactly what his dream meant. Joseph was taken out of prison and brought into the throne room.
his
hear that you can interpret dreams." do it by myself, but God helps me," Joseph answered. So Pharaoh told Joseph his dream. He said, "I thought I was standing on the bank of the Nile River and up came seven fat cows. Then after them came seven lean, starved cows. The lean cows ate up the plump cows but remained just as thin as they were before. Then I had another dream. I saw seven ripe ears of corn on a stalk. Then seven thin ears sprang up and swallowed the ripe ears. What do these dreams mean?" Joseph replied, "Your two dreams both mean the same thing. They are God's way of telling you that for the next seven years we will have good weather in this country, with many fine crops.
Pharaoh
said, "I
"I cannot
But for the seven years afterward there will be a great famine, so bad that the seven good years will be forgotten." Pharaoh was deeply troubled. "What should I do?" he asked.
what you should do," Joseph told him. "Look for a man and put him in charge of food. Have him appoint assistants throughout Egypt. During the good years let them buy up each year a large part of the grain and store it away. Then when the years of famine come you will have food on hand." "This
is
good, intelligent
JOSEPH, THE Pharaoh and
DREAMER over and thought
his officers talked this
it
was
a
wise plan. Then Pharaoh said to them, "I can think of no better
man
work than Joseph
to put in charge of this
see that the spirit
of
God
himself.
You
can
him."
in
is
So Joseph was made a high official, the most important perin Egypt next to Pharaoh himself. He had a fine house and a chariot and married a great lady. Everybody bowed down to him and did just what he said. For the next seven years Joseph went about Egypt, looking after the building of great barns and storehouses. These were years of plenty as Joseph had said they would be. There were son
good crops on
all
the land. Joseph and his assistants traveled
over the country, buying up grain and storing
At
it
away.
the end of the seven years the famine came. There
grain in the fields.
Then Joseph opened
was no
the granaries and scld
grain to the people, and they had plenty.
Back ine also,
in
Canaan where Joseph's family
and food was very
that there
was grain for
scarce.
sale in
He
his favorite
When
was
fam-
a
down
He to
called his ten older
Egypt and buy some
did not send Benjamin, the youngest, fearing that some-
thing might happen to him as
was
lived, there
old father, Jacob, learned
Egypt.
sons together and told them to go grain.
The
the ten brothers
them. But they did not
and was dressed
it
had to Joseph. For Benjamin
of the sons that were
left.
came to Egypt, Joseph recognized
know
him, as he had
in fine clothes
grown
and was the highest
to be a
officer
country. Joseph wanted to see whether his brothers
him, so he planned some
tests.
He
treated the
men
still
man
of the hated
harshly and
accused them of being spies. They said they were not, and told
about their family and
and another
who had
how been
there
was one brother
lost for a
still
at
home
long time.
Joseph replied that he would keep one of the brothers
as a
tage and
He
let
said they
the others go.
must bring back
Benjamin, the youngest brother,
know that men and not
and then he would they were honest spies.
and
He had Simeon
let
the others go.
tied
He
up
gave
orders that their sacks were to
be iftfairrT
filled
with grain, and their
money put back
in the sacks,
and that they also should be given grain for the journey.
When the
money
the
brothers
found
in the sacks,
they
were frightened. They told their father what had happened and that they would have to take Benjamin back with them. At first, Jacob said that Benjamin could not go. But when the grain was had to get some more to keep the family alive. saw that he must let his sons go again to Egypt. Judah, one of the older brothers, promised to be responsible for Benjamin. The brothers took the money that had been put back into their bags, and twice as much as they needed to pay for the new grain. They also took a special present for Joseph, all
eaten, they
Finally Jacob
and started back to Egypt. Joseph was very glad to see them again, and he invited them own big house for dinner. He let Simeon come to the house and join them. They were still frightened and did not know what
to his
to
make of this stern officer. They gave him bowed before him.
the present they had
brought, and
Joseph asked, "Is your father still alive, the old man you spoke of? Is he well?" They answered, "Our father is still alive; he is well." When Joseph saw the young man, Benjamin, whom t
5
i
JOSEPH, THE
DREAMER
known as a own room and
he had
baby, he hastily went to
his
shut the door.
He
cried
because he was so happy to see his family again.
But he was.
still
he did not
He had
tell his
brothers
who
with grain
their bags filled
and again he put the money back
in the top
of each man's bag. In Benjamin's bag he
had
his servant put his
The
own
silver goblet.
brothers started off early in the
morning. Joseph sent his servant after them. This man accused them of stealing the
money and
the goblet.
He brought them back
to Joseph.
Of
course, they protested, but Joseph said, "Let Benjamin stay and be
my
slave and the rest of you can go." But Judah, the brother who had sold Joseph into slavery, begged him not to keep Benjamin, as their father would surely die if he lost another beloved son. He
offered to stay instead, if Joseph
would
let
Benjamin go.
When
Joseph saw how kindhearted his brothers had grown to be, he was ready to tell them who he was. He said, "I am Joseph, the one you sold into Egypt." He told them all his adventures and asked them to go back and tell their father and bring him to Egypt, too. It
was
a
very exciting time.
The
brothers realized at
last that
was Joseph, and they told him how sorry they were for what they had done. When Pharaoh heard of all that had happened, he sent word to the brothers to bring all their families and relatives and come to live in Egypt. He promised to give them land to live on. So Joseph's father and all his tribe came to the Pharaoh's country, and Jacob was finally united again with his favorite son whom he had long given up for lost. this stern officer really
*53
MoseSj the Lawgiver By Mary Alice Jones
"^^HALL
we
we
always be slaves?" the people asked. "Shall
.^N always be hungry?" It was long, long ago. The people known as the Israelhad been living in the land of Egypt for many years. They had built their homes there, they had prospered, and there they
ites
had reared their children.
But then there came to the throne in Egypt a Pharaoh, or who feared that the Israelites might become too powerful
king,
in his country.
And
so he passed cruel laws against them.
The
working early and late at hard labor for the Pharaoh. And they had little to eat. They were very unhappy. They wanted to get away from the cruel king. Now, there lived at the court of the Pharaoh a young Israelite who was the adopted son of the Pharaoh's daughter. The young man's name was Moses. He was popular in the court and he lived people lost
a life
all
their rights
of ease, almost as
if
and became
slaves,
he himself were an Egyptian. *54
MOSES, THE LAWGIVER But one day Moses was watching some workmen build
a great
how cruelly the Israelites were treated. He He saw them driven with great whips. Then
temple, and he saw
saw them beaten. Moses remembered that he, too, was an Israelite. These were his people. And he became very angry. He could no longer live at the court of the Pharaoh. So he ran away and hid in the desert.
He
thought and thought. In the long nights under the bright
He thought of the great God of the Israelites, of whom he had been nurse. And one day, in the quiet of the desert, God
desert stars he thought of his people.
God
Jehovah, the
taught by his
spoke to Moses. "I have surely seen the affliction of
Egypt, and have heard their
cry.
And
my
people which are in
I will deliver
my
people out
hand of the Egyptians and bring them unto a good land." Moses listened in awe. He was sure God was speaking to his heart. "Come now, therefore, and I will send you into Egypt, oi the
you may bring forth my people out of slavery." Moses was frightened. "Who am I that I should lead forth the people out of Egypt?" he asked. Then the voice of God spoke again. "Certainly I will be with that
you."
And
Moses went back to Egypt. He worked quietly among He told them that God had promised to free his people, and lead them to a new country, the Promised Land. The people listened to Moses and planned to make their escape. Pharaoh did not want to let them go. It was a long time before they could get away. They suffered manv hardships and dangers. But finally they left their homes in Egypt, and made their way into the wilderness. Moses was their leader, and God showed Moses the way. They traveled by day and by night. The journey was long. The hot sands of the dry country burned the feet of the travelers. But they did not stop. They were so
the Israelites.
T
55
on
way to homes and
their
their
a
new
country, a land where they could build
live free
from
slavery.
mother said to her tired "There will be milk for you, and sweet honey for your bread, and fruit for your supper." "It will be a beautiful country," a
child.
"Will there be water to drink?" the child asked, ior water
was scarce in the dry country through which they had been traveling, and a cold drink was precious. "There will be water, sparkling and pure," the mother promised.
The people went on and on and on. The way had been so long! Food and water had been scarce. They grumbled often, and complained
Now they were discouraged.
to Moses.
"This
is
as
bad
as
being a slave in Egypt," they
"Did Moses bring us out
"He
said
God
said.
in this wilderness to die?"
had promised to help
us.
Has God forgotten
His promise?"
Moses heard the grumblings of the :
6 5
people.
He
called
them
MOSES together.
"Here
of Mount make camp," he said.
at the foot
Sinai let us
"And we
He
will pray to
God
and
will help us."
So they made camp foot of Mount Sinai.
God
apart and prayed to
him and
to help
all
at
the
Moses went to help
the people to
know that God was with them. God spoke to Moses and comfort-
^MM
ed him. Moses spoke to the people.
"God is with "God is
people.
has promised to into a
new
us," he told the
helping us.
show
country.
us the
He
He way
says to
you will obey My voice indeed, and keep My commandments, then you shall be a peculiar treasure to Me above all you now,
'If
people: for
all
the earth
is
Mine.'
"
The people listened to the words of Moses and they were encouraged. They bowed themground and worshipped. And they said to Moses, "All that the Lord has spoken unto us, that we will do." But God knew that the people would grow discouraged again. He knew that they needed something to remind them always of His presence. He knew that they needed something that would remind them always of His laws. God called Moses to go up the lonely slopes of Mount Sinai. There he stayed many days and nights. He prayed to God to show him how to guide the people. He wanted to be a good selves to the
J 5:
Sir
MOSES, THE LAWGIVER leader.
God
He wanted
to help the people.
taught him the laws
Then
there
He wanted
came over Mount
God
Himself taught him.
the people to obey.
Sinai a heavy cloud. Bright
lightning flashed through the cloud and there was a mighty roar-
ing of thunder. "Just to
tell
And Moses
worshipped.
the people the laws of
Moses thought. "They
God
will forget words.
will not be
enough,"
There must be some-
thing to remind them."
Then Moses found two smooth stones. And on the stones God were written. Moses brought the tablets of stone
the laws of
He called all the people together and on which the laws of God were written. He said to the people, "These are the words which the Lord has commanded, that you should do them." And he read the laws to
down from
the mountain.
showed them the
tablets
them.
make a big tent, which was would gather to worship God. And Moses told the people to make an ark, or chest, carefully designed and made of the very best wood, overlaid with gold. They were to put the ark in the center of the. tent. By and by the tent was finished. It was a beautiful tent church. In a special place on a table stood the ark, overlaid with gold, the gift of all the people. Moses put the tablets of stone into the ark, the tablets on which were written the laws of God. And all the people came to the tent church and sang and prayed and thanked God. The people carried their tent church with them as they traveled. Special men were named to carry the ark. And by and by they came to the new country, and there they made their homes. And from that day to this, people of all nations honor Moses as the great lawgiver, the man who made known the laws of God, which are called the Ten Commandments.
Then Moses
told the people to
to be their church. In the tent they
From The 158
Ten
Commandments
David,
the
Hero
By Mary Alice Jones and Lillian Williams
NEARLY everyone loved the young man, David. Some even whispered that one day he would be king. king,
on
tall
and handsome and gay.
his reddish hair a glory
When
He looked like a the sunshine
seemed to shine about him,
fell
as if already
he wore a crown.
Everyone knew how brave he was. Had he not with slingshot killed the giant, Goliath, that had frightened
and King Saul himself? Had he not led the Philistine
won a
army which was trying
great victory?
And
a small
all
his
own
the
army
band of men against
to conquer the Israelites,
and
had not the King's eldest son, Jonathan,
him before the soldiers, and become his warm friend? David talked like a king, and was courteous and thoughtful. No one could make up such fine poems, telling how God was with him and with his people, and praising God for His wonderful works. He would sing these poems, playing an accompaniment on his praised
harp.
The weary
soldiers
would stop 59
to hear
him
sing,
and then
strong again. And, for a lone
King
time,
Saul, too,
was com-
forted and refreshed by his playing.
David thought
like
a
king,
too, planning far ahead the kind
of country he wanted Palestine Now, the Hebrew people
to be.
were divided into tribes. Among these were the Israelites and David's tribe, which was called Judah.
The tribes
often fought each
other as well as the enemies about
them. Some day, David thought, he would drive out the enemies
and unite
all
the people in one
big country.
But Saul, the king of the became jealous of David. The women praised him with
Israelites,
songs and the reat courage.
very angry. the
He
men
talked of his
This made Saul threatened to
kill
young man. Not even Jona-
than could end his father's anger. David had to run away and hide in the wilderness,
Many men
in
Judah, David
s
1
own 60
tribe,
were glad to follow a
DAVID, THE
HERO
who was so daring and clever. They began coming to him by Young men and older men came, those who had no property and those who had nothing to lose. Some of them even leader
the hundreds.
brought
their
wives and children with them. David's chief officer,
Joab, trained the
men and made
For several years David led
among from
the
hills
band of outlaws
in
and out
of southern Palestine. Sometimes they had to flee
Saul's army.
spent his
an army of them. his
Again they fought the
boyhood
as a shepherd,
Philistines.
David had
and knew the signs of
a
turned
stone or a broken twig. So he was always able to keep his band of
men
just
out of reach of their pursuers. Often Saul's
close to them, but they
knew how to
men
got very
hide under bushes and behind
rocks, and they were never caught.
Once Saul and some of his soldiers actually came into a cave where David and his men were hiding. Saul was weary and fell asleep. David's
men
David did not wish
said,
"Here
is
your chance to
kill
him." But
to kill the King. Instead, he crept forward and
cut off part of Saul's robe, then ran to a place of safety. When Saul
waked, David called to him and told him that he meant him no He showed the piece of robe he had cut off to prove that he had had a chance to kill the King. Saul was ashamed of himself harm.
said, "You are a better man than I am." But he did not ask young officer to come back to his court. Once they were hiding in the dry foothills, where water was very scarce. Everyone in David's army was thirsty. The Philistines
and
the
had captured Bethlehem, David's home town. David, too, felt very and said loudly, "How I wish I had a drink from the well of
thirsty
Bethlehem, which
of his company
is
by the gate!" Three of the mighty warriors been with him for years, heard him. They
who had
went quietly away, stole up to Bethlehem at night, got some water from the well by the gate, and brought it back to David. But when David saw what they had done, he said the water was too holy to
DAVID, THE drink, since the it
men had taken it at risk of their
lives.
HERO
So he poured
out on the ground as an offering to God, and stayed thirsty like
the rest of his men.
was a great battle between Saul's army was defeated, and both he and his son Jonathan were killed in battle. David cried when he heard about it, for he had loved Jonathan dearly, and he still felt loyal to Saul, although Saul had tried to kill him. He wrote a beautiful poem
Sometime
and the
later,
there
Philistines. Saul
about them, saying, Saul and Jonathan were lovely and pleasant in their lives,
And
in their deaths they
were not divided.
They were swifter than eagles, They were stronger than lions.
own tribe, Judah, came He consented, and made his
After Saul's death the people of David's to
him and asked him
to be their king.
a long while Saul's family worked bitterly Then the Israelites came to David and made him their king, too. Soon all the tribes were united, as David had long hoped they would be. And he was their King, strong and beloved.
capital at
Hebron. For
against him.
David and Joab gathered the bravest men from all the land and them to fight well. Then they were ready to drive the Philistines from the land. They won victory after victory, but it took years of fighting to drive them out. The city of Jerusalem was on a high hill in the center of the trained
country, and was the ideal place for the capital. In
strong Jebusite warriors,
who made
it
lived the
fun of the idea that anyone
could take their town away from them. Joab, David's brave chief officer,
rocks.
knew
that they
He found
out
drew
how
through
group of
soldiers
gates for
David and the
their water
from
a spring deep in the
to get into the watercourse, and led a it
rest
into the city.
Then they opened
the
of his men. So David's soldiers took
the city and
made
it
the capital
of:
the
kingdom.
It
was
called the
"City of David" from that time on.
David made friends with the King of Tyre and bought from him fine wood and furnishings for a beautiful palace. In the city of Jerusalem were built handsome homes, and shops which were filled with goods from many parts of the world. The people began to be prosperous and to feel safe and secure in their homes and on their farms. They became a settled people, a nation. Then David remembered the Ark of the Covenant, the chest overlaid with gold. It held the stone tablets of the Ten Commandments. The Ark had always been kept in a tent church that could be moved as the tribes traveled about. Now they were settled in their own country with a capital city. So David had a new
made for the Ark near his palace. The Ark had been for many years
tent
David
called together the priests
in the
town of Baalejudah.
and the people and
M
said that
all
DAVID, THE HERO those
who wanted
procession went, priests dressed in fine salem, singing a
went
go with him to get the Ark. A great and choirs and orchestras, the people
to could
new clothes. They carried the Ark back to Jerunew song David had written. King David himself
in front, singing
As they drew near
and dancing with holy
joy.
the city and saw the wall about
it
with the
great gates in the center, they sang,
up your heads,
"Lift
O ye gates,
And be ye lifted up, ye everlasting doors, And the King of Glory shall come in."
A priest standing on the wall "Who
is
this
sang back,
King of Glory?"
The people answered, "The Lord, strong and mighty; The Lord, mighty in battle."
And
again they shouted,
up your heads, O ye gates: lift them up, ye everlasting doors: And the King of Glory shall come in." The watcher on the wall once more called out, "Who is this King of Glory?" And David the king and all his people answered, "The Lord of hosts— He is the King of Glory." And so the Ark was brought to Jerusalem. And Jerusalem became "Lift
Yea,
the holv city.
DAVID, THE The
years
HERO
went by and David prospered. He conquered near-by
enemies and established a large, safe kingdom.
have to hide
in caves
No
and fight from behind rocks.
had to fight to get food;
his tables
were
filled
longer did he
He no
longer
with the richest food
that could be bought.
As he lived at ease, he at times forgot his old struggles and the way the Lord had helped him. David sometimes did wrong, but he always repented bitterly. Most of the time he was good and wise, so was called "a man after God's own heart." King grew older, he had trouble with his family. He had several handsome sons who wanted to be king after him. One son, Absalom, his favorite, even started a revolt and drove his father out of the country. But Absalom himself was killed and David returned to the city. What hurt David most was not the danger of losing his throne, but losing his son. "Absalom, my son Absalom," he cried, and would not be comforted. As the time drew near when he could not live much longer, David said that his son Solomon should be king after him. He told Solomon to obey God, to walk in His ways, and to follow the commandments of Moses. It was that he
As
the
Solomon who
later built the big
temple in Jerusalem for the sacred Ark.
r*» f
Amos,
Who
Spoke for
God
By Mary Alice Jones and Lillian Williams
A
MOS,
/A
a
shepherd of the
hilly
south country, was strong
He had to fight off lions and bears that tried to sheep. He was used to winds and heat and cold.
and brave. steal his
In the silence of the lonely days and long nights, he often thought
who made the world and everything in it. He thought, too, last Amos new idea. It was this: what God wanted most of all was for
of God,
of people and of the ways they worshipped God. At
had
a
people to be good to one another! Certainly no one in Bethel had thought of this idea. Bethel was the city of Israel where King Jeroboam had a palace and where there was a very old place of worship, called a shrine. One time Amos took some of his heavy bags of wool and walked the long miles to Bethel, to sell his wool in the markets of that rich city. But not everyone there was rich! As he entered 1
66
WHO
AMOS,
SPOKE FOR GOD
the gates he saw little
many
beggars, dressed in rags. Children with
clothing sat on the ground, and their thin legs and swollen
showed that they were starving. At the market place, the farmers were bringing their grain to sell. The sharp eyes of Amos saw how some men put a weight on the scales so as to cheat the farmers. He saw other merchants sell bodies
grain mixed with dirt and husks to the poor people. In this way, the merchants
made
the poor people pay for
more than they
received.
Amos
down
the street.
Here came four men
carrying a covered chair, in which sat a fat
woman, covered with
Angrily
jewels.
strode
As Amos watched,
the
men pushed
a cripple out
of their
way. In the public square sat the judge, listening to disputes. A rich man accused a poor couple of owing him a debt. Amos even
man
some money to bribe him. Then must sell their young son as a slave to pay their debt, for they did not have the money. Later that evening Amos walked by the homes of the wealthy people. Some of the houses were made of white stone that shone like ivory in the moonlight. He heard music from a house and went closer to look in at the open door. On beautiful couches saw the
rich
slip
the judge
the judge decided that the poor couple
inlaid
with carved ivory, covered with silken cushions,
lay the
They were drinking wine from golden goblets and eating fruit from jeweled dishes. Amos was filled with anger at their selfishness, when he saw how much rich people dressed in colored silks.
they wasted, and thought of the poor folk
who
did not have
enough to eat. The next day Amos went to the shrine. From afar off he could smell the wine poured on the altars, and the odors of meal and of animals being burned as sacrifices. All these offerings had been
brought there by rich people. They thought that care
what they
did, so
long as they burned rich 167
God would
sacrifices
not
and gave
WHO
AMOS, money
to the priests.
About
SPOKE FOR GOD
the shrine there was a loud noise of
and dancing and singing. Amos could endure it no longer.
feasting
that this
was not what
He had to tell these people God wanted—that God wanted justice and mercy. He must make them listen! He climbed up steps
and cried out:
"Curses upon Damascus!
God Himself
will punish her!"
Damascus was an enemy of country, and the
began to
this
men and women
listen.
"Curses upon Syria! " shouted
Amos, of another enemy country, and more people stopped to hear him.
"Curses upon the Philistines, upon Tyre, upon the Ammonites!" He was talking about all the enemy countries that sur-
^>i% AMOS,
WHO
rounded
"And
Israel,
SPOKE FOR GOD and the crowd applauded loudly.
upon
the Lord's curse
Israel!" This
was
their
own
country, and everyone was shocked into silence.
"The Lord
will curse Israel,"
each other so badly.
You
poor for the price of shoes.
sell
a pair
the
of
You make people pay fines
and with the money you buy wine and drink it here at
in court,
the
altar.
You
build yourselves
houses for wintertime and houses for
summertime, but the needy
have no shelter from the cold.
Your judges take
bribes
and poor
people have no chance in the courts."
A
mutter of protest began to
come from
the well-dressed peo-
ple before him, but
on
talking.
your
"God
sacrifices
Amos
kept
does not want
of grain.
He
not want you to burn up
does
fat ani-
he went on, "because you treat
AMOS, He
mals the people need for food.
your harps. What
"God country.
is
He wants
destroy
all
will plant vineyards but
grapes.
You
justice
is
going to punish you.
It will
will build
Now when Amos
WHO
An army
will
sweep upon
you
will not drink the juice
first
begun
was happening. Amos was saying, "God
this
You
your fine houses and your crops.
from the
will not live in
them."
talking, the chief priest of
the shrine, Amaziah, had sent a messenger to
He
music of
and righteousness.
new houses but you had
SPOKE FOR GOD
will not listen to the
will punish you.
tell
He
the king
what
will punish the
you into far exile." Then he noticed that the people were looking somewhere else. There at the top of the steps stood the high priest, Amaziah himself, an old man with a long white beard, a rich flowing robe, and a tall headdress. The priest had heard from the king what to do. He began speaking in his musical voice, used to chanting psalms. "Be off king's family.
will send
Amos. "Play
to Judah," he said to
the prophet in your
own
home, but not here. This is the nation's temple." Amos was not afraid. He looked the priest in the eye and replied in his harsh, serious voice, "I am no prophet, nor the son of a prophet. The Lord took me from my flock of sheep and said, 'Go speak to my people Israel.' I tell you that Israel will be led off into exile.
And
you, false priest, shall surely die in a foreign land."
Then he swung on Back
in his
own
his heel hill
happened, and wrote
and went swiftly away. Amos thought often of what had
country,
down
the sermons he had preached, and
those he would have preached had he been allowed. In the years to
come what he had
said
came true — the country of
Israel
was
conquered and destroyed.
But the strange new idea that
And,
in this day,
men
had —that God wanted — could not be forgotten.
Amos
people to be kind and just and righteous
of God in every nation preach 170
it.
The Story
of Jesus
By Mary Alice Jones and Lillian Williams
IONG
ago
in the little land
of Palestine, there lived
a
wonder-
man whose name was Jesus. No one just like Him had ever lived before. He spent His whole life doing good, as God wanted Him to do. Since then, many people have tried to live as He did. Some of them have succeeded so well that people who knew them have said, "Yes, Jesus must have been a little like that." No one thought to write down what Jesus looked like — the color of His hair and eyes, or how tall He was. It did not seem to matter. What they remembered was that when He looked at them He seemed to see right inside of them, to know whether they were bad or good, whether they were troubled or happy, and how to .
ful
help them.
Those who wanted to be good loved Him at once, because just Him made them better. Those who were sad felt that He shared their sorrow, and that made the sorrow seem lighter. Many who were ill or blind or crippled suddenly found themselves well. Jesus loved them and was able, with God's help, to give them being with
THE STORY OF JESUS strength and health.
Children especially loved Jesus.
He
loved them, too, and often
tell them stories. Once He some grown persons, "If you want to enter the kingdom of heaven, you have to be like a little child." He was always saying strange things like that, which people could not understand very well, but kept on thinking about. Jesus liked to go to feasts and to make friends with people whom the leaders thought were not worth knowing. These leaders did not like Jesus at all. They said that He went around with wicked people. The leaders were proud and wanted their own way, and did not want to do God's will as Jesus taught them to do. But Jesus saw into the hearts of the poor, the sick, even the bad people. They could not hurt Him, and He could help them. Among the people who did not like Jesus were some of the powerful priests and other church leaders at the Temple of Jerusalem. They had charge of the worship of the people and told them how much they should pay and just what rules they should follow every minute of the day. They liked to feel important and powerful. They told the people that if they did not do just as the leaders said they should, God would punish them. Now, Jesus knew that God was not like that at all. So He told the people that a lot of those rules were not important. The important thing was the way people felt and thought and acted,
He would
talk
and play with them and
said to
toward
God
and toward one another.
in. He walked about the towns and the countryside, talking to people wherever He met them, teaching them about God and about how God wanted them
Jesus did not have a church to preach
to treat each other.
what He meant. One time He sons, and one of the sons went away from home and spent all his money foolishly. But when Often
He
told stories to explain
told a story about a father
who had two
THE STORY OF JESUS he was sorry tor what he had done
and came
home
again, his father
received him gladly.
cause
God was
was the
It
same with God, Jesus
said.
like a
Be-
loving
He would forgive people who were sorry for mean things
father
they had done.
Another time He told about a who lost one of his
shepherd
sheep, and who went out into the dark night and searched and searched until he found it. "God is
like that," Jesus said.
"God is He
looking for every one of you.
wants you to be His children and to live in
ways pleasing to Him." asked, "But
Once someone
how should we live? Isn't it enough to keep the Ten Commandments that Moses gave us?" Jesus answered, "The Ten Commandments can all be summed up in these two: Love God with all your heart and strength and mind, \d love
your neighbor
as
your-
self."
"But
who
my
is
neighbor?"
asked a man. Jesus answered by telling a story
about a good
man
from Samaria, a foreigner, who found a Jew lying by the road, robbed and wounded by bandits. The Samaritan bandaged the stranger's wounds and took him to a place where he could be cared for.
"If you do as this Samaritan did you will be a loving neigh-
bor," Jesus said. is
anyone
who
"Your neighbor
needs your help,
wherever he may
Many
live."
people would go from
one place to another to hear Jesus talk.
"No one
He
before ever spoke as
does," they would
tell
one
though God Himself were talking through His mouth." Twelve men— fishermen and farmers and students and taxcollectors and the like— gave up their homes and families and went another. "It
I
£
is
as
with [esus everywhere. He gave them special training, so they Him carry on His work. They were His closest friends,
could help
and came to be called His disciples. When the crowds became too great, Jesus and His friends would x
74
%
'
need to find a quiet place apart. Thev would slip away early in the morning and get in a boat and go out on the Sea of Galilee. Or they would go up on a mountain, for Jesus liked to pray out-of-doors. He often talked to His disciples on the mountainsides, or out in the woods. Sometimes the people would
follow, going far from their
homes, so eager were they to be near the friendly, helpful teacher.
One day and His
crowd gathered
a great
at the foot of a
mountain. Jesus
disciples
were
sitting
on
the slope. Jesus spoke to them, telling
them how
to be
good and
Him
happy. The people heard
They found they wanted
gladly.
to forgive
one another, and help
one another, to do.
Then
them
as Jesus told
Jesus taught them
new prayer: "Our Father who
art in
a
heav-
Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done, on earth as it is in heaven. Give us
en, hallowed be thy name.
And forwe forgive
day our daily bread.
this
give us our debts as
our debtors.
And
lead us
not
into
temptation, but deliver us
from
evil."
The
people
seemed more felt that
listened.
real to
God
them. They
they could talk with Him,
THE STORY OF JESUS as children
might
with Jesus!
He
talk
with their
helped people
father.
How
know how
good to
it
live
was to be good lives
every day.
As
more and more popular, some of the people make Him King! He will drive the Romans country." (The Romans had conquered Palestine and
Jesus became
began to
say, "Let's
out of this were the rulers of the country at that time.) But when the people tried to give Jesus a crown, He moved away quietly and joined His friends on the lake. The kingdom of which He preached was not one of palaces and armies, but a king-
dom
of love and good will and helpfulness.
It
took people a long
time to realize that. Most of those who heard the strange that Jesus said,
and saw the marvelous ways
new things
He helped the sick and
who had been wicked, thought He must be the greatest who had ever lived in Israel. Only a few of his closest friends began to know that He was more than a prophet. those
prophet
Jesus' enemies
They were
afraid
were worried because Jesus was so popular. try really to make Himself king. They
He would
He might destroy One day Jesus went
feared
courtyard
filled
their
power.
to the temple in Jerusalem.
He saw
with animals and birds which merchants were
ing to be used for sacrifices. Other foreigners and keeping too
much
Jesus thought of
God
as
men were changing money
for themselves. There
noise and confusion, everywhere
the sell-
He
for
was great
looked.
His Father and
He
thought of the
Temple as being His Father's house. To see people being cheated in the Temple made Him very angry. He was angry, too, at the noise in a place of peace and worship.
He took
a
rope and drove
out the animals, merchants, and money-changers. '
My
is a house of prayer," He said, "and you den of thieves." This made His enemies furious. They began talking among themselves about how they could keep ;
Father's house
have made
it
a
176
"
THE STORY OF JESUS the people from following
Him.
After Jesus had been preaching for about three years, to
He came
Jerusalem for the Passover
Word
feast.
got abroad that
He
was coming, and big crowds of people went out on the road east of the city to greet Him. They waved branches and threw flowers before Him as He rode on a donkey. They
little
sanna! Blessed
"HoKing who
said,
the
is
cometh in the name of the Lord!
Some of that Jesus
the people thought
would
just
declare Himself
He
to be king. But
did not.
He
went to the Temple and
taught, and spent the evenings
with His friends. heard
Him
And
gladly,
the people
and many of
them loved Him.
The chief priests became more and more upset and decided they
must get
rid
of Jesus.
One
of His
a traitor. He went to the priests and them he would lead the soldiers to Jesus. They agreed, and gave him thirty pieces of silver for betraying his friend. On Thursday of that week, when Jesus was in Jerusalem, He disciples,
Judas
Iscariot,
was
told
had
a last supper, the
He was
very sad.
Passover Supper, with His twelve disciples.
He knew what was going
traitor, left early to carry
to happen. Judas, the
out his plans. Jesus talked
with the others, explaining that His kingdom was
a
a
long time
kingdom
of
m.4L
love,
and begging them to love one another. Then they went out
Garden of Gethsemane, just east of Jerusalem. Here Jesus way apart from His friends and prayed to God. But His disciples grew tired and fell asleep. The Garden was dark and very quiet. Jesus was quite alone. Then there came noise and flickering lights. Judas led a band to the
went
a little
of the
priests' soldiers to the garden.
There, under the olive trees,
they took Jesus captive.
During the
rest
in several courts.
made
against
of the night'and the next morning,
The main charge
Him was
that
God. They did not dare live as
He
taught
men to
He
the Court of the
admitted that
He was tried High
believe that, because they did not live.
So they
said
Priests
He had come from
He was
want
to
very wicked for
claiming to speak for God.
Before
Roman governor, He was stirring up the
Pilate, the
treason, saying that
178
they accused Jesus of people, that
He wanted
knew this was not true, but he said that Jesus must die. So the soldiers took Jesus out to a hill and crucified Him, that is, they nailed Him to a tall cross. Looking at the crowd below Him, Jesus said, "Father, forgive them, for they do not know what they to
become king
of the country. Pilate
to please the leaders
do."
But
this is
not the end of the story. Although His body was put
tomb, Jesus was not dead. He could not die. He came from God. He spoke many times to His disciples and other friends, giving them strength and courage. Jesus' spirit lived on in His followers, who soon began going into a
had down. day, more and more people throughout the world have
about preaching and teaching and helping people taught them to do. Since that
And
as Jesus
they turned the world upside
learned about Jesus and loved
Him
*79
and
tried to live as
He
did.
Mary and Martha By Mary Alice Jones
IHERE!
It is all
finished."
Martha ' stood near the door of her house in Bethany. She and her younger sister, Mary, were in the yard, looking at the booth that had been made
1
trees. It was was fresh and green with vines and living trees and so was like the out-of-doors,
of the branches of like a
room. But
it
too.
"I
am
glad Jesus
is
coming
during the Feast of the Tabernacles,"
Mary said, as they walked
toward the like
leafy
room. "He
will
being here inside the booth
with the walls of green leaves and the sunlight filtering through."
"Yes,
I
suppose so," Martha
answered. But she spoke as
if
were thinking of something
Mary was too
1 '
booth to
notice.
l
As they
she
else.
pleased with the
entered the out-of-doors room, she was
thinking about other happy times in leafy booths.
"Do you remember,"
"how we always loved You and our days until we could move
she asked Martha,
the Feast of the Tabernacles
when we were
children?
brother Lazarus and I would count the from the house and live in the booths." Martha nodded. "I remember. Sometimes 1
80
I
am
afraid
we
MARY AND MARTHA enjoyed the out-of-door booths so
much
that
we
forgot
why
the
Feast of the Tabernacles was celebrated."
remember how carefully we were taught about that!" "About the long-ago time when our people were without homes and had to wander in the wilderness for years and years. We were told that the Feast of the Tabernacles was to remind us of the time when our people had no roofs over their heads "Oh,
Mary
I
replied.
except the trees."
The two sisters were quiet for a moment, remembering. Then Martha moved quickly toward the opening. "But we must not forget that we are having a guest. Jesus is coming to stay with us. We must make ready." And she hurried toward the kitchen. Mary followed her. Busily the sisters worked.
The guest room was
ready.
The
food was prepared.
"Now," Mary and she ran
sighed happily, "I can go back to the booth,"
lightlv to the leafy
room.
"I will wait for Jesus here," she decided.
How
am that He is coming to listen to every word He says." She saw Him then, walking along the rest.
glad
I
"He
can
sit
our house! road,
I
here and
want to
coming toward
home. "Martha! He is coming," she called. Martha looked anxiously about. "I do hope everything ready. I want to do Jesus all honor."
their
is
She called a servant. "Do not forget anything I have told you. Be sure to have the water ready. I want the food just right, and be careful about serving it. I must go to speak to Jesus now but I will be back just as soon as I have welcomed Him to the house." Then she hurried to the green booth and greeted their guest. Jesus was glad to be in the home of His friends. There had been
crowds about
Him
during the past days.
Many of
those in the
MARY AND MARTHA crowds had been hostile. It was good to come to this pleasant home Bethany and be quiet for a while among these friendly persons. He could rest here, and get ready for the busy days ahead. "We hope you will be comfortable," Martha was saying. "We have tried to make everything ready." Jesus smiled upon the two sisters. "I know you have done all that can be done to make me comfortable. Come, now, let us talk with one another." Mary went eagerly and sat on a stool close to Jesus' chair. But Martha continued to stand as she talked with her guest. She seemed uneasy. She looked toward the in
kitchen. After a
little
while she
excused herself. "There are some matters about the house," she said.
"I must speak to the
servant."
There were many questions which Mary wished to ask. Some things which she had heard Jesus say before, she wanted to ask more about, now that He was in her home away from the crowds. She forgot about everything
else.
While Jesus and Mary talked, Martha was very busy in the house. She found many things to do. She hurried about here and there. She began to be tired. "I wish Mary would come and help me," she complained to t8i
"She could talk with Jesus after dinner." As she grew more tired, she decided to call her
herself.
sister.
She went
out to the booth. Jesus looked up and saw her. He saw how hard she had been working for His comfort. He saw that she was tired. He spoke to
her gently. "Please, Martha,
You
have done so
do not trouble yourself about the housework.
much
ior
Martha looked crossly
knew
at
me!" Mary. But Jesus understood. "Mary
needed some friendly person to talk with me. She has been helping me, too. Come, let us just be friends for a while. It that
I
will help us all."
Martha
Then
she sighed. It would be good to sit boughs offered pleasant shade. She did want to talk with Jesus. Perhaps— perhaps Mary was right to forget housekeeping for a while. Perhaps just being friendly was important, too. And there were so many things to learn from Jesus.
down and
hesitated.
rest!
The
Jesus smiled.
leafy
"Come," He
said again.
Martha smiled, too. She touched her sister tenderly, drew near. And they made Jesus welcome in their home. From 183
as she
Jesus and His Friends
Peterj the Friend of Jesus By Mary Alice Jones and Lillian Williams
AT f-\
Peter's name was Simon. He was a good-hearted man, a fisherman with a wife and family. His brother, Andrew, worked with him.
FIRST
People in his
home town on
the shores of
Lake Galilee
liked
Simon. But they sometimes laughed at the way he was always saying the
wrong thing and then being
sorry afterwards.
He seemed never
to think first.
One day, Simon and Andrew were out fishing. They saw Jesus walking along the shore, with a crowd of people following Him, and they drew near the shore to hear Him. Jesus stepped into their boat and talked to the crowd.
When He had finished, He lingered He said to them, "Follow me,
with the fishermen. After awhile,
184
PETER, THE FRIEND OF JESUS and
will teach
I
The
closest friends.
once in
know
you to be
fishers of
men." Simon became one of
brothers did follow Jesus, and
a
He
his
did not understand Jesus very well, but every
while something would happen that would
make Simon
was not just an ordinary man. Once Jesus asked His disciples, "Who do you think that I am?" Some of them answered, "You are our Master, our Teacher." But Simon said, "You are the Christ of Israel you are the son of the living God!" Then Jesus said, "Your name is Simon, but I will give you a new name. You will be Peter, which means 'the Rock.' And upon that Jesus
—
Rock
this
I
will build
others understood
my
church." Neither Peter nor any of the
from that time on, Simon was called Peter. At the time of the last supper that Jesus had with His disciples, Peter was in charge of getting a room, buying the food, and setting the table. At the supper, the disciples began squabbling a little among themselves. Jesus got a bowl of water and a towel and went around the circle, washing their feet, which were dusty from walking on the unpaved roads. He did this to show them that all
that Jesus meant. But
they should serve one another, not quarrel, as they had been doing,
over
who was more
important and should have the best place.
Peter was horrified to have Jesus act like a servant,
was
their beloved Master.
my
feet!"
"No?"
He
replied Jesus, "It
said,
"Never!
you do not
I
let
couldn't
me,
I
let
when He you wash
cannot be your
close friend."
"Oh," said Peter, "I did not understand." As Jesus talked to them, His disciples began to understand that something terrible was going to happen to Him. Jesus said, "One of you will betray me." Peter cried out, "I
or to death.
I
would
am
ready to go with you, even into prison
gladly die for you!"
^m'm
,
/
fifl
Wi'TH
Jesus looked at Peter?
you
I tell
will
you
him
sadly
and
have denied
me
"Would you die for me, crows tomorrow morning,
said,
that before the rooster
three times."
Later that night, after they had gone into the Garden of Geth-
semane, the disciple Judas Iscariot betrayed Jesus, leading the soldiers to city, to
Him. After they captured
Him
Jesus, they took
to the
the court of the high priests. Peter, with his friend John,
followed
and bewildered.
at a distance, frightened
While John went
into the house, Peter waited outside in the
He stood near a fire where the guards warmed their maid who had seen him come in with John said, "Are
courtyard.
hands.
you
A
a friend of Jesus,
too?"
But Peter was afraid to admit had been arrested.
said,
"No,
I
his friendship
don't
with
a
know Him." "You talk like
one of the guards said to him, you know this man Jesus they are trying?"
Later,
Do
He
man who
a Galilean.
n
"Of
Peter replied,
course not.
I
don't
. _
next morning
Peter spoke so boldly that they let
them go,
saying,
"Do
not
preach any more in the name of Jesus." But Peter answered,
"We
cannot help speaking of what
we
have seen and heard." Peter soon became one of the chief leaders of the
He was
new
church.
sent to prison several
times, and suffered
many
hard-
ships and cruel persecution, but
he went on preaching without fear.
He took
care of the sick
people and the poor people in the church.
Peter lived for
sometimes
in
many
years,
charge of the church
in Jerusalem,
sometimes travel-
ing from one place to another.
He had
truly become a Rock on which the church was built — steady, dependable, and never
again failing his friend, Jesus.
m
(
,^J'
Vaul By Mary Alice Jones and Lillian Williams had been on PAUL journey, The
a long, long journey. It
had been a hard
on which he had crossed the
sea
had
not been comfortable. Once he had been shipwrecked.
He
too.
ships
had walked hundreds of miles over mountains and across hot plains. His body had been chilled by winter blizzards and baked by summer suns. Now he was lean and muscular. His face was
were piercing. There was a reason why he had taken the journey, a reason so
lined and deeply tanned; his black eyes
190
PAUL important to Paul that the hardships of travel did not bother
him.
He was traveling from Jeru-
salem to far-distant parts of the
Roman Empire to tell people He wanted them to know the Christian Way which about Jesus.
come
Jesus had
Now,
men.
to teach
Paul had not always
loved Jesus or believed in
Him
and His teachings. There had been
a
time
when
Paul
thought Jesus was merely tender people.
had
a pre-
who was stirring up the He had believed only in
the old laws, and he did not ac-
cept Jesus as the promised leader.
During
all
that time, Paul
helped to punish those
lowed
Jesus.
He had
who
had fol-
stood by
while they were stoned and beat-
en and put into prison.
But one day while he was traveling along the road to the
PAUL city
of Damascus, thinking about the suffering he had seen, Paul
suddenly
knew
that he
had been wrong.
He knew
that those
who
followed Jesus were right, that Jesus had come from God, and that the
way of life He taught was
the
good way
for
men.
After that, Paul wanted to do everything he could to
tell
others
about Jesus. This became the most important thing in the world to him.
A few good friends had traveled with him and helped had found more friends along the way
who had
him.
He
heard him gladly
and had decided to follow the Christian Way. But Paul had also stirred up much anger among the people.
Some of them thought he had no of them said he was teaching
all. Some Some of them were
right to be teaching at
false doctrines.
afraid that if the people believed him, business
several cities Paul
and
his friends
would
suffer. In
had been driven from town. So
they had not had an easy journev.
One day he and
his friends entered the city
of Philippi. As they
were walking along the street, a slave girl ran toward them, crying out, "These men are the servants of the Most High. These men are the servants of the Most High!" Crowds gathered, and looked suspiciously at the strangers, who went quietly on their way. The next day the same thing happened. And again the next day. The masters of the slave girl were pleased, because the crowds that gathered at her cry often stayed and asked the girl to tell their fortunes. And so her masters made money. On the Sabbath, Paul and his friends were going to the place of prayer
when
they heard again the familiar cry. ""These
servants of the
Most High! These men
men
are the
are the servants of the
Most
High!" Paul stopped and looked at the girl. He saw that she was sick, that her mind was twisted. Then he looked at her masters, following her, eager to gain from the girl's affliction. He spoke to the girl gently. He told her God would make her well. Then he i
9z
PAUL went on
his
way.
Suddenly the
knew
knew what Paul had been
girl
saying to her.
And
which had tormented her was gone. She was free of it! She would no longer go around mumbling and crying out. She would be quiet and she
that she was well, that the troubled spirit
think clearly.
But when the
masters saw what had happened they were
girl's
very angry. They could no longer make
So they ran about
fortunes.
tell
among
the
people calling
that Paul
and
foreigners
who were
his
friends
out
were
disturbing
"Let's drive
them out!"
men shouted. Though most of did not know what
the people
the
city.
the
was about, a
the outcry
mob quickly formed.
"After them! Have them arrested!" they cried, as they pounded after Paul
and
his friends.
dragged them through the
They streets
and brought them to the judges
who were
on
seated
marble
benches holding court.
"These men are disturbing our city," the
men
said.
are teaching people to that
it is
"They
obey laws
not lawful for us
Romans
to obey."
"Yes, yes!" shouted the mob. "Beat them!"
The judge looked
at
Paul and
money from having
her
HI his friends.
I
Pi^
Their garments were covered with
dirt.
Their faces
were bleeding. They did not look important. They were foreigners. Why bother about them? Why not please the mob? So the judges to the soldiers standin
by and
said, "Strip
them and flog
And the crowd shouted as
them."
the blows
fell.
When Paul and his friends had left Philippi,
cities
they went to other
and taught. Always some
people
believed
their
teaching
and became their friends. Paul brought these people together
and formed
little
churches. But
always there were other people
who
turned against the teachers
and made trouble for them.
One
day they came to the
where there
great city of Athens,
were many learned
mous
schools.
men and
fa-
In Athens Paul
could talk to the people
easily, for
he too was a learned man.
He had
studied with Gamaliel, the great teacher of the times.
No
one
in
PAUL Athens hurt Paul, or had him arrested, or drove him from the city.
They
listened to
but afterward they
him speak,
made fun of
him. That was almost harder to bear than being beaten! But even this did
not make him give up.
He
continued to travel and to teach. In the city of Ephesus, Paul
came upon
a
dess Diana.
The people were very
proud of
temple to the god-
this temple.
A
silver-
smith named Demetrius made tle
lit-
copies of the image of the god-
dess,
and sold these images to the It was a profitable busi-
people. ness.
Now, when
Paul came to
Ephesus, he told the people that
no god which man had made with his own hands was worthy of worship. "There is but one God," he said.
Many
people believed
him and they stopped buying images of Diana and turned away
PAUL from the worship
in her temple. This disturbed Demetrius.
"See here," he said to
his business friends, "if this Paul
con-
tinues to teach such doctrines, our trade will be destroyed."
And
to the people for
whom
he made images he
said,
"The temple of
the great goddess, Diana, will be scorned. Diana will lose her
magnificence throughout the land."
When the people heard his words, they cried out, "Great is Diana of the Ephesians! Great is Diana of the Ephesians!" They started a riot and the city was in great confusion. When Paul heard about it, he wanted to go to the city square and talk with the people. But his friends held him back. Finally, the
town
clerk quieted the shouting
reasonably. "There
is
no cause for
has any charge to bring against Paul, Finally, the city
was quiet
crowd and spoke
a riot," let
he
said.
him bring
it
to
them
"If Demetrius in the courts."
again.
But Paul's friends knew that he could not teach peaceably Ephesus. They persuaded him to leave the
The months and to establish
little
in
city.
the years passed. Paul continued to teach and
churches throughout the land. But because what
he taught was not pleasing to the important people, Paul continued to suffer hardships. Finally,
he was
He was
stoned, beaten, imprisoned.
killed.
Yet few people have been more loved or more honored. In the he wrote back to the churches he founded, Paul helped his friends to understand more and more about the Christian Way. He told them, too, that it was meant for all people everywhere. Because of his willingness to bear hardships and because of his courage in meeting unfriendly people and facing danger, the Christian faith spread out from Palestine, where Jesus and His disciples first lived. By his travels, Paul brought it to distant places. Then it spread across Europe, and, later, to America. Now it has reached letters
all
the world. 196
MYTHS AND LEGENDS
Pandora
s
Box
By Nathaniel Hawthorne
IONG, .
long ago,
when
this
was young, there child named Epime-
old world
was theus.
He
a
had neither father nor
mother; and, that he might not be
— who, like no father or mother — was sent from a far country to live with him and be his playmate. Her name was Pandora. The first thing that Pandora saw when she entered the cottage where Epimetheus lived, was a lonely, another child
himself, had
great box.
And
almost the
first
question she asked was: "Epimetheus, what have you in that box?"
"My secret, left
dear
little
Pandora," answered Epimetheus, "that
and you must not ask any questions about
here to be kept safely, and
It is
alive.
I
myself do not
it.
is
a
The box was
know what
it
con-
thousands of years since Epimetheus and Pandora were
Then, everybody was a
child.
The
children needed
no
fathers
and mothers to take care of them, because there was no danger, no trouble of any kind. There were no clothes to be mended; and there
was always plenty to eat and drink. Whenever a child wanted his dinner, he found it growing on a tree. Most wonderful of all, the children never quarreled or cried. Those ugly little winged monsters, called Troubles, had never yet been seen on the earth. Probably the greatest hardship which a child had ever experienced was Pandora's vexation at not being able 98
PANDORAS BOX to discover the secret of the mysterious box.
only the faint shadow of
a
At
Trouble; but every day
first this it
grew
was
bigger.
"Whence can the box have come?" Pandora kept saying. "And what in the world can be inside of it?" "Always talking about this box!" said Epimetheus. "I wish, dear Pandora, you would talk of something else. Come, let us go and gather some ripe figs, and eat them for our supper under the trees. I know a vine that has the sweetest and juiciest grapes you ever tasted."
"Always talking about grapes and figs!"
cried
Pandora,
pettishly.
"Well, then," said Epimetheus, "let us run out and have a
merry time with our playmates." "I am tired of merry times," answered Pandora. "This ugly box! I
think about
"As
I
it all
have
metheus, a
the time, and
said, fifty
it," said
Pandora, looking sideways
metheus.
Epimetheus seemed so shockat
the idea of looking that Pan-
dora thought gest said,
it
it
came here." "It was left plied
best not to sug-
any more. "At
"you can
tell
least," she
me how
at the
door,"
it
re-
Epimetheus, "just before
you came, by
a
person
who look-
ed very smiling and intelligent.
He could hardly keep from laughit down. He was
ing as he put dressed in an
I
vexed.
little
"You might open
ed
you tell me what is in it." do not know!" replied Epi-
I insist
times over,
odd kind of a
cloak, 199
at
Epi-
PANDORAS BOX and had on it
a
cap that seemed to be
looked almost
"What
as if it
made
partly of feathers, so that
had wings."
sort of a staff
had he?" asked Pandora.
"Oh, the most curious staff you ever saw!" cried Epimetheus. "It was like two serpents twisting around a stick, and was carved so naturally that, at first, I thought the serpents were alive." "I know him," said Pandora thoughtfully. "It was Quicksilver.
Nobody else has
as the box.
No
such a
staff.
doubt he intended
pretty dresses for
He brought me hither,
it
as well
for me. It probably contains
me to wear, or toys for you and me to play with."
"Perhaps so," answered Epimetheus, turning away. "But Quicksilver comes back and right to
lift
tells
us so,
we have
until
neither of us any
the lid of the box."
For the first time since her arrival, Epimetheus went out without asking Pandora to go with him. Pandora stood gazing at the box. Although she had called it ugly, it was a very handsome article of furniture. It was made of a beautiful kind of wood which was so highly polished that Pandora could see her face in it. The edges and corners of the box were carved with wonderful skill. Around the margin there were figures of graceful men and women, and pretty children reclining or playing amid a profusion of flowers and foliage. These were all so exquisitely represented that they seemed to combine into a wreath of mingled beauty. But here and there, peeping forth from behind the carved foliage, Pandora fancied once or twice that she saw a face not so lovely. On looking more closely, however, and touching the spot with her finger, she could discover nothing of the kind. The most beautiful face of all was in the center of the lid. The features wore a lively and rather mischievous expression. The box was fastened by a very complicated knot of gold cord. Never was a knot so cunningly twisted, with so many ins and outs that they defied the most skillful fingers to untangle them. Yet
PANDORAS BOX the very difficulty tempted Pandora to examine the knot. "I believe that
"Perhaps
herself.
I
would be no harm
I
begin to see
could
how
was done," she said to after undoing it. There I need not open the box." lift it. It was heavy; quite too
tried to
heavy for the slender strength of the box a few inches
loud thump. thing
Or was
A moment
a child.
She raised one end of
floor, and let
it fall
again, with a
afterwards, she thought she heard some-
inside of the box. She put her ear as close as possible and
stir
listened.
from the
it
up again,
in that, surely.
however, she
First,
tie it
There did seem to be
it
a
kind of stifled
murmur
within!
merely the singing in Pandora's ears? Her curiosity was
stronger than ever.
She took the golden knot tending
it,
was soon
busily
while, the bright sunshine
stopped to
listen as she
playing at a distance.
in her fingers and,
engaged
without quite
in-
undo it. Meanopen window. She
in trying to
came through the
heard the merry voices of the children
What
a beautiful
day
it
was!
All this time, however, her fingers were busy with the knot.
When
she happened to glance at the flower-wreathed face on the
it seemed to be grinning at her. "That face looks very mischievous," thought Pandora. "I wonder whether it smiles because I am doing wrong! I have the greatest mind in the world to run away!" But just then, she gave the knot a kind of twist. The gold cord untwined itself as if by magic, and left the box without a fastening. "This is the strangest thing I ever knew!" said Pandora. "What will Epimetheus say? And how can I possibly tie it up again?" She made one or two attempts to restore the knot, but found it
lid
of the enchanted box,
quite
beyond her skill. It had disentangled itself so suddenly that remember how the strings had been doubled into
she could not
one another.
"When Epimetheus
finds the knot untied, he will
know
that I
PANDORA'S BOX have done
it," said
Pandora.
"How
shall I
make him
believe that
I
have not looked into the box?"
And
then the thought came into her naughty
little
heart that,
would be suspected of having looked into the box, she might just as well do so at once. The enchanted face on the lid of the box seemed to smile at her, and she thought she heard, more since she
distinctly than before, the
"What
can
in the box?
it
murmur of
small voices within.
be? thought Pandora. "Is there something alive
There cannot possibly be any harm in
just
one
little
peep!"
A
great black cloud had been gathering in the sky, for
some
time past. Just as Epimetheus reached the cottage door, this cloud
began to intercept the sunshine. put her hand to the
lid,
He
entered softly. Pandora had
and was on the point of opening the mys-
terious box.
Epimetheus himself
ust as curious as Pandora.
there
And
if
were anything pretty or
valuable in the box, he meant to take half of
himself.
it
Thus,
Epimetheus turned out to be quite as foolish, and nearly as
much
at fault, as she.
As Pandora
raised the lid, the
cottage grew very dark, for the
black cloud had
now
swept over
the sun. Pandora lifted the
lid
and
seemed as if a sudden swarm of winged crea-
looked inside.
It
tures brushed past her, as they
flew out of the box.
At the same instant, she heard Epimetheus cry out as if in pain.
PANDORA'S BOX Pandora
room
let tall
the
lid.
The thunder cloud had
that she could scarcely see.
buzzing.
As her
crowd of ugly terrible,
a disagreeable
grew accustomed to the dim light, she saw a shapes, with wings like bats, and armed with
eyes
little
long stings in their
metheus.
so darkened the
But she heard
Nor was
it
tails.
One of
these had stung Epi-
long before Pandora herself began to scream.
An ugly little monster had stung her
Now
if
settled on her forehead, and would have Epimetheus had not run and brushed it away.
these ugly things were the
whole family of
Troubles. There were bad Tempers; there were a great
of Cares; there were more than
a
hundred and
were more kinds of Naughtiness than talk about. In short, all the
it
fifty
Sorrows; there
would be of any use
been given to Epimetheus and Pandora to be kept faithful
to
their
trust,
all
grown person would ever have been sad, and no child would have had cause to shed
a single
from that hour until this moment. It was impossible for
tear,
two children to keep the ugly swarm in their own little cottage. The first thing they did was to
the
fling
open the doors and win-
dows, in hopes of getting
rid
of
them. And, sure enough, away
flew the winged Troubles and so pestered and tormented the small
everywhere about that none of them so much as smiled
people
for
many
days afterwards.
to
sorrows and worries that have since
troubled mankind had been shut up in the mysterious box.
been
earthly
many kinds
safely.
would have gone
It
had
Had
thev
well.
No
PANDORA'S BOX Meanwhile, the naughty Pandora and hardly
less naughty EpiBoth of them had been grievously stung. Pandora flung herself upon the floor and rested her head on the box, sobbing as if her heart would break. Suddenly there was a gentle tap on the inside of the lid. "Who are you?" asked Pandora, with a little of her former curiosity. "Who are you, inside of this naughty box?" A sweet voice spoke from within: "Only lift the lid, and you shall see." "No, no," answered Pandora, again beginning to sob, "I have had enough of lifting the lid! There are plenty of your ugly brothers and sisters already flying about the world. You need never think that I shall be so foolish as to let you out!" "Ah," said the sweet voice again, "I am not like those naughty creatures that have stings in their tails. They are no brothers and sisters of mine, as you will see, if you will only let me out!" There was a kind of cheerful witchery in the tone that made it almost impossible to refuse anything which this little voice asked. Pandora's heart had grown lighter at every word. "My dear Epimetheus," cried Pandora, "shall I lift the lid
metheus remained
in their cottage.
again?"
"You have done so may as well do a little
"Just as you please," said Epimetheus.
much
mischief already, that perhaps you
One other Trouble can make no very great difference." "You might speak a little more kindly!" murmured Pandora.
more.
"Ah, naughty boy!" arch and laughing tone.
my
dear Pandora,
lift
cried the
little
voice within the box, in an
"He knows he is longing to see me. Come, the lid. I am in a great hurry to comiort
you."
"Epimetheus," exclaimed Pandora, "come what may,
I
am
resolved to open the box!"
"As
the lid seems very heavy," cried Epimetheus, running
zo 4
PANDORA'S BOX across the room, "I will help you!"
With one consent, sunny,
two
the
creature,
fairylike
children lifted the
and
hovered about the room, throwing a light wherever she went. "Pray,
who
are you, beautiful
creature?" asked Pandora.
am
"I
to be called
Hope!"
answered the sunshiny figure. "I was packed into the box that I
might comfort people when that swarm of ugly Troubles was let loose among them." "Your wings are colored like the
rainbo-s
dora.
exclaimed
"Yes, they are
bow," as
Pan-
"How very beautiful!" said
like the rain-
Hope, "because, glad
my nature is, I am made partly
of tears
as well as smiles."
"And
will
you
stay
with us,"
asked Epimetheus, "forever and
ever?"
"As long as you live," said Hope. "There may come times when you will think that I have vanished. But again, and again, and again, when perhaps you least dream of it, you shall see the glimmer of my wings on the ceiling of your cottage." Adapted from The Paradise
of
Children
i
C^V
lid.
Out flew
The Flight
of Icarus
Retold by Sally Benson
ONCE named
long ago in Greece there lived a famous mechanic Daedalus. While visiting Crete, King Minos, the
ruler of the island,
him shut up
in a high
became angry with him, and ordered
tower that faced the lonely
sea.
\M'ip
y \
In time, with
the help of his young son, Icarus, Daedalus managed to escape 7^/ from the tower, only to find himself a prisoner on the island, r Several times he tried by bribery to stow away on one of the vessels sailing from Crete, but King Minos kept strict watch over them and no ships were allowed to sail without being carefully searched. Daedalus was an ingenious artist and was not discouraged by his failures. "Minos may control the land and sea," he said, "but he does not control the air. I will try that way." He called his son Icarus to him and told the boy to gather up all the feathers he could find on the rocky shore. As thousands of gulls soared over the island, Icarus soon collected a huge pile of feathers. Daedalus then melted some wax and made a skeleton in the shape of a bird's wing.
The
smallest feathers he pressed into
the soft wax, and the large ones he tied
on with
thread. Icarus
played about on the beach happily while his father worked, chasing the feathers that blew
away in the strong wind that swept the island. lo6
And sometimes
he took
wax and worked
it
bits
into strange
shapes with his fingers. It
was fun making the wings.
The sun shone on
the
bright
feathers; the breezes ruffled them.
When
they were finished, Dae-
dalus fastened
them to
his shoul-
ders and found himself lifted up-
wards, where he hung poised the
air.
Filled
in
with excitement,
he made another pair for his son.
They were
smaller than his
own,
but strong and beautiful. Finally,
one
clear,
wind-swept
morning, the wings were ished,
and
Daedalus
fin-
fastened
them to Icarus's shoulders and taught him how to fly. He bade him watch the movements of the birds,
how
they soared and glided overhead.
He
pointed out the
slow, graceful sweep of their wings as they beat the air steadily,
without fluttering. Soon Icarus was sure that he, too, could fly, and, raising his
arms up and down, skirted over the white sand and even
out over the waves, letting his feet touch the
snowy foam
as the
lo 7
vfr:
X
water thundered and broke over the sharp rocks.
Daedalus watched him proudly but with misgivings. Icarus to his side, and putting his said,
"Icarus,
human being you to
my
son,
we
He
are about to
make our
flight.
has ever traveled through the air before, and
listen carefully to
my
called
arm around the boy's shoulders,
instructions.
Keep
at a
No
want moderate I
you fly too low the fog and spray will clog your wings, and if you fly too high the heat will melt the wax that holds them together. Keep near me and you will be safe." i He kissed Icarus and fastened the wings more securely to his height, for if
son's shoulders. Icarus, standing
the bright sun, the shining
in
wings drooping gracefully from his shoulders, his golden hair wet with spray and his eyes bright and dark with excitement, looked like a
lovely bird.
with
filled
Daedalus's
tears
eyes
turning
and,
away, he soared in to the sky and called to Icarus to follow.
From
time to time, he looked back to see that the
note
how
in his flight.
the
land
before
boy was
safe
and to
he managed his wings
to
As they flew test
setting
their
out
across
prowess
across
the
ploughmen below stopped their work and shepherds
dark wild
sea,
gazed in wonder, thinking Daedalus and Icarus were sods.
0.T.3i
THE FLIGHT OF ICARUS Father and son flew over Samos and Delos which lay to their left,
and Lebinthus, which
lay
on
their right. Icarus, beating his
wind on his face and the clear above and below him. He flew higher and higher up into the blue sky until he reached the clouds. His father saw him and called
wings
in joy, felt the thrill of the cool
air
out in alarm. He tried to follow him, but he was heavier and his wings would not carry him. Up and up Icarus soared, through the soft, moist clouds and out again toward the glorious sun. He was bewitched by a sense of freedom and beat his wings frantically, so that they would carry him higher and higher to heaven itself. The blazing sun beat down on the wings and softened the wax. Small feathers fell from the wings and floated softly down, warning Icarus to stay his flight and glide to earth. But the enchanted boy did not notice them until the sun became so hot that the largest feathers dropped off and he
began to sink. Frantically he fluttered his arms, but no feathers remained to hold the air. He cried out to his father, but his voice was submerged in the blue waters of the sea, which has forever after been called by
his
name.
Daedalus, crazed by anxiety, called back to him, "Icarus! Icarus, my son, where are you?" At last he saw the feathers floating from the sky and soon his son plunged through the clouds into the sea. Daedalus hurried to save him, but it was too late. He gathered the boy in his arms and flew to land, the tips of his wings dragging in the water from the double burden they bore. Weeping bitterly, he buried his small son and called the land Icaria in his memory.
Then, with
a flutter
the jov of his flight to him.
He
of wings, he once more took to the
was gone and
his victory
arrived safely in Sicily,
Apollo and hung up
his
wings
as
over the
where he
air
built a
air,
was
temple to
an offering to the god. From Gods and
10 9
but
bitter
Heroes
•v
Midas and
the
Golden Touch
Retold by Katherine Pyle
A that
CERTAIN
king named Midas was once so fortunate as to
oblige the
young god Dionysius. Dionysius,
whatever
Now
was,
it
should be
his.
more than anything
else
world. Filled with joy, he cried out in his greed,
"O
Dionysius, I
it
Midas was
in all the
thing
in return,
bade Midas ask for anything he wished, and promised
if this is
wish
— let
a miser, loving gold
the truth
everything
—if thou I
wilt truly grant whatever
touch turn into gold!"
The god laughed. "A most foolish wish, king!" he cried. "Choose anything but that! Golden Touch will only bring thee misery!" But Midas clamored
all
O I
thou most foolish warn thee that the
the louder, "Nay, the
Golden Touch!
'Tis all I ask!"
"Then for a
it is
thine!" said Dionysius, and lightly he laid his finger
moment on
the forehead of the king.
At once Midas felt a cold and heavy weight upon his limbs, and looking down he saw his garments all turned to gold. He touched a near-by branch (for he and his attendants had met Dionysius in the
MIDAS AND THE GOLDEN TOUCH it was golden, too. He lifted a clod of earth, and in hand it turned to solid gold. Hardly able to believe in his good fortune, Midas thanked the god and hurried away. He was eager to try his gift at home, and turn his palace into gold— his garden and his trees and everything
wood), and
his
he owned.
As he passed through either hand,
his palace gates
he touched the
pillars
on
and laughed to see the hue of gold sweep over them.
His favorite hound came bounding out to meet him. Not thinking of what he did, Midas stooped to pat
its
hardened into the leaping image of
a
and curve and separate
hair,
but
all
A moment
head. Instantly the
hound
dog, perfect in every line
of gold!
Midas stood dismayed, then sighed, "It was my favorite hound; but what of that? What is one dog when weighed against a world of gold?" So he passed on into the hall.
Nor
did he see
him drew
how
aside, as
those about
though they
feared that he might brush against
them
as
he passed.
And now Midas
called
for
food and wine, for he was hungry
and and
thirsty. set
They were brought
before him. Lost in
a
dream of all he meant to do, Midas took a piece of bread to break it, but in his hand it was a lump of gold. He seized an apple from a bowl. It was as golden as the far-famed fruit of the Hesperides.
The meat he
hardened between
tried to eat
his teeth into
MIDAS AND THE GOLDEN TOUCH tasteless metal.
With
a
loud cry of terror Midas started up.
sius!" he cried.
Why
should he grant a wish he
destroy me! But he shall take
it
back!
I will
"O
Diony-
cruel
knew could
only
not keep the Golden
Touch. Better to live in poverty than die of riches." Gathering his golden robes about him, he set out in haste in search of Dionysius. His attendants followed him, but not too close. He found the young god where he had left him, and throwing himself down before him cried, "Have pity on me, Dionysius! Free me from the Golden touch before I die of thirst and hunger." Then again Dionysius laughed. "Hast thou so soon then wearied of thy choice?" he cried. "I cannot take away the thing I
gave; but go to the source of the River Pactolus. There bathe
thy face and head and arms in the clear water It
may wash away the Golden Touch.
at its
fountainhead.
If not, then nothing can aid
thee."
Then Midas sprang up and hastened to where the Pactolus flowed down from among its hills. He followed the stream up to its source, and there he knelt and plunged his hands into the stream, and shuddered as he saw how, at once, its sands and pebbles all were turned to gold. He laved his face and arms, and as he did so a sudden sense of lightness and of ease came over him. Rising, he half fearfully touched a branch beside him, and saw with joy that it still was green. A bush near by was laden with berries, and he plucked and ate, and they were sweet and juicy in his mouth. He made a crown of leaves and placed it on his head; was freshly green. So was Midas freed of the Golden Touch, and with
it still
his greed for gold.
He
it
went
all
never returned again to his palace and his
treasure rooms, but lived out in the fields and woods, a worshipper
of Pan, and happy with the humble things of poorest peasant might enjoy.
From
life,
such
as the
Tales from Greek Mythology
Pace, Mildred Mastin Clara Barton, the Young Schoolteacher Bird Cage with Tassels, Phillips, Ethel Calvert
Who .
-
A
VI
S3
IV
90
V
Madelon Dances
146
Phillips, Josephine E.
Steam Comes Upriver Pierpont, J. Jingle Bells! Pollock, Katherine G. In
Honor
of a
IV 20S
Gaucho
Potter, Beatrix Tale of Peter Rabbit, The Potter, Miriam Clark Mrs. Goose's Wild Christmas PVLE, K 4THERINE King Midas and the Golden Touch
I
152
V
154
Ill
37
IV .
.
30
.VI 210
V
Victor and the Pirate Rands, William Brighty World, The Ransome, Arthur Salt
Reese, Lizette Woodworth Christmas Folk-Song, A Richards, Laura E. Alice's Supper
132
II
76
A
II
58
II
121 116 86
II
II
Cave-Bov, The
II
Eletelepfionv Little Muffin
II
Man, The.
I
30 83 112 163
Mrs. Snipkin and Mrs. Wobblechin Talents Differ To the Little Girl Who Wriggles
II
51
II
Umbrella Brigade, The
II
96 62
I
....
Riley, James Whitcomb
Nonsense Rhyme,
A
Raggedv Man, The
When the Frost Is on the Funkin Roberts, Elizabeth Madox Butterbean Tent, The Circus,
.
.
.
.
I
The
!I
F.retlv
Milking Time Woodpecker, The Roberts, Mary Newi.in Rosa Bonheur Breaks Her Needle
102 II 142 II 68 II
I
98 88 99
VI
95
I I
.
.
.
.
81 28
I
.
.
.
I
.
.
.
II
I I
I
I
Has Seen the Wind>
I
Valentine Ruth, George Herm \n Babe Ruth's Own Story
Juan Brings
a
Small
.
.
V
226
V
18
II
Homes
I
Theme in Yellow Sawyer, Ruth Flea,
VI 103 .
VI 135
Sandburg, Carl Fog
II
67 99 66
The
Saxe, John Godfrey Blind Men and the Elephant, The. Sayers, Frances Clarke Bluebonnets for Lucinda Calls?
Schulz, Lillian Fuzzy Wuzzy, Creepv Crawly Scott, Elizabeth Manson My Bed Seegmiller, Wilhelmina As White as Milk Seredy, Kate
The
\
Shakespeare, William Ariel's Song Over Hill, Over Dale .
The
Buffalo,
68
Ill
II
.
...
.
M. I. George Washington Carver Rowe, Dorothy Brothers One, Two, and Three, The Rushing, Lilith Sanford
Fair,
Antonio Ballad of China,
129
I
.
.
Ross,
Who
R Radford, Ruby Lorraine
.
.
... ...
A
Rainbow, The .
.
Shannon.
Monk
II
....
II
\
Uncle Frank Shore, Maxine Alexander Mackenzie Sickels, Evelyn Ray Little Black Bear Goes to School.
Simmonds, Martha F. Y'oung Mountainy Singer Simon, Charlie May Christmas in the Pnu-v Woods Smith, Fredrika Shumw.w Popcorn Man, The
.
A
.
Smith, Samuel Francis
America
Ghost of the Lagoon Steffens, Lincoln Miserable Merry Christmas, A. Stephens, James April Showers Breakfast Time White Fields .
.
.
1-
Childcraft
246 Stevenson, Robert Louis
Autumn Fires Bed in Summer
I I
Fairv Bread Farewell ro the Farm
I I
Happv Thought Hayloft, The Lamplighter, The
I .
.
.
I
Land of Counterpane, The Little Land, The
I
57 134 178
153 I 179 II 109 I 122 I 122 II 125 I 132 I
My Shadow Pirate Story
Rain Singing Sing Me a Song
:
.
.
Swing, The
Time to Rise Where Go the Boats? Wind, The Wintertime Stong, Phil Sam Volney,
II
138 166 170 200 63
I
68 106 124 149
I I I
Turner, Nancy Byrd Black and Gold Down a Sunnv Easter Meadow
I .
.
Washington
When Young Wind Capers
II
Now We
Pole
Dance.
.
.
Melissa Sweeps .
.
.
.
.
.
Wings and Wheels
in the
I
Story of Jane Addams, The Wegert, Ethel M.
Do You Know Weil,
I
.
A .
.
Little Pussv
I
89 86
Williams, Lillian Amos, Who Spoke David, the Hero
1135 II
'.
I
May Night Tennyson, Alfred Brook, The Ladv Clare
II
II
II
What Does Little Birdie Say? Thackeray, William Makepeace
A Thompson, DArcy W, Funny Old Man and His
I
Tragic Story,
Wife,
The
...
41
135 49
64 170 92
II
120
I
162
II
80
Thompson, Dorothy Brown
Tomorrow Thorne-Thomsen, Gudrun Three Billv Goats Gruff, The Tietjens, Eunice
....
Ill
.
.
.
II
121 17
I
116
I
Moving
Thaw
.
IV
.
for
.
I
120
V
122
.VI
.
53
VI 124
VI 166 VI VI VI VI
Joseph, the Dreamer Paul Peter, the Friend of Jesus Story of Jesus
Willson, Dixie Mist and All, The Wilson, William E. Hoosier Barbecue
159 146 190 184 171
I
139
V
113
Wing, Helen Little Girl Next Door, The I 117 Wise, Winifred E. Thomas Alva Edison, Young Scientist VI 118 Woodward, Hildegard FamiIyWhoHadNeverHadRollerSkates,The IV 178 Wordsworth, William .
Daffodils Letter Is a Gypsy Elf, A Pilgrims Came, The Ring Around the World
II
47
II
II
37 75 37 36
V
211
II .
Telegraph
Z
IV 104
ZoBARSKAS, STEPAS Music of the Scythes, The
I
The
.
God
104 102
I
Travers, Georgia Story of Kattor,
VI 140
Weir, Ruth Cromer
Wynne, Annette
April
Tippett, James S. Ferry-Boats Trains
35
75
Storv about
I
Autumn Dusk
54
Ann
Chief at Warm Springs, The, Franklin D. Roosevelt
Cow, The
April
1
VI 128
Freddie the Great
Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star
15
125 25
W Meadow Wagoner, Jean Brown Over
Teddy Roosevelt, the Boy Naturalist. Widdemer, Margaret Willow Cats, The Wilder, Laura Ingalls Sugar Snow, The
T
188
I
Wadsworth, Olive A.
60
Taylor, Jane
189 54
II
II
136
Butterflies
141 121
1129 II
.'
V
White
I
II
II
Cowboy
.
Lincoln
Romp, The Round the Mav
II
'
Abraham
Boyhood AsTold
Lincoln's
After a Bath
h\ Hims,
Aesop Belling the Cat Aileen Fisher Benjamin Jones Goes Swimming Bidushka Lays an Easter Egg Eli^abethOrton Jones IV 37 Anne Vanish IV 90 Bird Cage with Tassels Nancy Byrd Turner I 141 Black and Gold Blind Men and tne Elepha t.The John Godfrey Saxe II 122 Mother Goose I Blow, Wind. Blow 39 II II Bluebells tei de la Mare 33 Frames Clarke Saycrl V 78 Bluebonnets for Lucinda I 105 Boats Rowcna Bastin Bennett
'.}
Aileen Fisher
.
.
Edna St. Vincent Millay a Hill The Rowcna Bastin Bttmttt Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp Alexander Mackenzie Maxim Shore and Oblinger Laura E. Richards Alice's Si Afternoon on
Airplane,
....
.
MM.
Aboard the DeWitt Clinton!
All
Mary
for
Bobby Shafto
Animal Crackers Animal Store, The
Book,
God d Lillian
Alice Jo;
Christopi
Dog
\ i
I
69
Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm Alfred Tennyson
III
Dorothy Aldis
I
43 64 126
Brothers One, Two, andThree, The Dorothy Roue
V
....
.
Lydia Maria Child
April
Eunice Tietjtm
April
Sara Teasda/e
April Showers Arbor Day Tree, An Ariel's Song As Was Going to St As White as Milk I
.
Autumn Autumn Dusk Autumn Fires
Own
Stor
Balder Ballad of China, A Balloon Man, The Barefoot Days
Bed
in
.
.
George
I
38
Herman Ruth VI 135 VI 218 II I
Rachel
....
The Bunny Romance, A Bunny the Bra\e Butterbean Tent, The Bye, Baby Bunting Buffalo,
Rote Fyleman .
.
Mother Goose
...
Buds
Flora J. Cooke Lama E. Richards .
Summer
Beech Tree, The
'nknown
William Shakespeare Mother Goose Wtlhelmtna Seegmtller Emily Dickinson >
Sara Tcardale Robert Louis Snvcnson
Baa, Baa, Black Sheep
Babe Ruth's
Brook, The
Brooms
James Stephens I
34
Mother Goose
Boy Lafayette and'the Wolf, The James Baldwin Bread and Milk for Breakfast Christina Rossetti Breakfast Time James Stephens Bremen Town Musicians, The
Lair a E. Rl, hauls
Apple-Seed John
I
Adelaide Love the
rrn
Rachel Ft, id
.
Mother Goose
A
"Bow, Wow," Says
Wt
.
....
Nolan
Samuel Franca Smith
America Amos, \\ ho Spoke
.
.
II
.
Jeannette Covert
.
Chief at Warm Springs Franklin D. Rooseve Christmas Day Christmas Eye
I
166
II
46
.
I
226 128 113
Herford
I
Dion Gopal Mukerji Madox Roberts
/ 1
81
Mother Goose
I
16
Olivet
Eli abeth
....
Rudyard Kipling
II
88
II
60
V. Lucas
I
75 30
/
Laura E. Richards Story about
.
8
Christina Rossetti
The
Cayc-Boy, The
Rose Fyleman
Carolyn Dai lee Laura E. Richards
Hump, The The
Cat's Cleanliness,
111
Robert Louis Stevenson
Man
Caterpillar,
116 III
Fe,
Camel's
II
II
A .
.
.
.
J.
.
.
J.
.
Am Wei
Moms Jones Moms Jones
\
I
II II
140
79 78
I
.
Index of Titles H Halfway
Down
Happy Thought
.
.
I
Wanda Gag
III I
....
Hare and the Tortoise, The Hare's Birthday Party .
Hayloft, The He Praveth Well
III
IV
.
Walter de
.
.
la
the Mulberry Bush
I
Lewis Carroll Mother Goose
II
Hen-y Wadsworth Longfellow Mother Go Hickety, Pickety Mother Goose Hickory, Dickory, Dock'. Dorothy Aldis Hiding'. Alfred Noyes Highwayman, The Cowboy Song Home on the Range, A Villiam E. Wilson Hoosier Barbecue A. A. Milne Hoppity
II
.... .
.
Lad
.
.
...
Huntsmen, The
' .
.
.
.
II
Letter Is a
a Tiger
.
.
Ice
I
a Little
I
Little
I
Little
I
I
110
Rachel Field Rachel Field
.
.... .... .
Honor
of a
Gaucho
.
1107 I
Little Joe
Tunney The
Little
Nancy
Little
Old Truck, The
John Bennett
I
162
Catherine G. Pollock
V
54
Little Pussv Littli
Mother Goose
I
24
Christina Rossrtti
I
119
Little
Old Rhyme
I
158
Little
Dorothy Aldis
II
13
Little
.
.
I
.
....
Jonathan Ring
.
.
.
I
32
.
s
.
111
52
Goose
I
19
Colby
V
Mother Goose Eugene Field
Ellis Credit
......
Wife Mildred Plew Meigs Beatrice Curtis Brown .
.
.
I
40 28
II
147
IV 138 II
II
95 92
.
G
Retold by Rohin Redbreast Tucker Tune, The
V, rostra
ain of
.
at the
....
Loveliest of Trees
I
-
(
Dai
Stella
Louise .
]
V
Mary
.
.
Elizabeth Enright
.
.
The
In
1
Jane Taylor
Wheat, The S Hutchinson
Mother Goose Mother Goose Rose Ftleman Vachel Lindsay
.
Tommy
Louisa Alcott's Childhood Craik
1152 J. Pierpont Carolyn Sherwin Bailee \l (v'
jingle Bells!
John James Audubon johnny and His Mule Johnny Fife and Johnm
Goose
.
....
Snow •! Lost Pup, The
Look
Mother Jack and Jill Jack and the Beanstalk Retold by Dinah M. Mte lock Mother Jack Be Nimble Ruth H. Jack-o'-Lantern
Ettiroat
Red Hen and the
Locked
McCann
Mother Goose Laura E. Richards Mother Goose J. Morris Jones
.
Man, The
Little Muffin
Little
Little Turtle,
Jest 'Fore Christmas
.
47
i
Robert Louts Stevenson
.
Miss Muffet
.
Mother Goose Rebecca
.
.
Sicke/s
.
.
38 119
I
Ray
Elizabeth Godley
.
Little Land,
35
J
Jack Sprat
.
.
.
.
Margaret Wist Bun,,, Mother Goose Mother Goose John Kendiick Bangt Helen Wing
Next Door. Th House, The Little Jack Horner
1
....
Meadow Saw a Ship A-Sailing It Was I
The
Elf',
Little
V
Intery, Mintery, Cutery Corn In the
Bug
Unknown
Ingenious Little Old Man, The In
:k
Dorothy Heiderstadt
Month
A
School,
Peep Little Boy Blue
A/dn
Dorothy
Mother Goose Mother Goose
Pony
Dorothy Aldis
Goes
Little Girl
...
Had
Nancy Byrd Turner
Evelyn
76 148
Indians for Thanksgiving
Wynne Edward Lear
Annette
Little
Little Black Bear
I
Ice-Cream Man, The Like to Be a Lighthouse
In April's Sweet
A
Elf,
I
Mildred Leigh Anderson
I'd If
Gypsy
Limericks Lincoln Lion and the Mouse, The
Little
Can Be
1
.
.
I
I
.
V
II II
.
Hush-a-bye, Baby
.
Alfred Tennyson .
I
Mother Goose Walter de la Mare Mother Goose
North Wind, The
to the
Lamplighter, The Robert Louis Stevenson Land of Counterpane, The Robert Louis Stevenson Last of the Dragons, Th E. Nesbit Laughing Song William Blake
I
.
....
Who Went
Lady Clare
I
.
Humptv Dumptv
...
and the Golden Touch Retold by Catherine Pyle VI 210 Ralph Bergengren II 26
Retold bv George Webbe Dasent Ladybird, Ladybird Mother Goose
Old English Hot Cross Buns House of the Mouse, The Lucy Spraguc Mitchell I Mother Goose I House That Jack Built, The Lewis Carroll II How Doth the Little Crocodile How the Camel Got His Hump Rudyard Kipling IV .
V
I
.
.
.
.
V
his L. Harrington
.
.
ther I
He Thought He Saw
las
I
.
Mother Goose
Hey, Diddle, Diddle Hiawatha's Childhood
.
Ltlith Sanford Rushing
II
Mart .
and Lillian Williams VI Clara Ingram Judson V
Alice Jones
Journey to America Juan Brings a Valentine Juan, the Yaqui .
Aesop
Josef KoTJsek Robert Louis Stevenson
SjikiuI Taylor Coleridge
We See We Go Round
Here All
Here
Mary
A. A. Milne Robert Louis Stevenson
Translated by
Hansel and Gretel
249
Joseph, the Dreamer
A. t
II
Mead
W.n A Icotl Housman
I
\
1
II
M Madelon Dances Ethel Calvert Phillips V Magnanimous Sun, The Vachel Lindsay II Maid and the Milk Can, The Aesop III Man in the Moon, The Unknown II Maple Leaf Forever, The Alexander Muir II Map That Came to Life, The, A Story of Robert .
Louis Stevenson
.
.
Elizabeth Rider Montgomery VI
Childcraft
250 Mar)'
....
Marv and Martha Marv Middling Mary's Lamb
Walter dt la Mare
Mary Alia Jones
Rose Fyleman Sarah Josepha Hale Retold by Joseph Jacobs Sara Teasdale
.
.
Master of All Masters Mav Night Meals for Mickey
....
III
Alice Dalgliesh
Dorothy W. Baruch Merrv-Go-Round 'Rachel Field Merry-Go-Round Milking Time Elizabeth Madox Roberts Unknown Milkman's Horse, The Charles Mackay Miller of the Dee, The Miserable Merry Christmas, A Lincoln Steffens Walter de la Mare Miss T Dixie Willson Mist and All, The .
.
...
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
....
Mistress
Marv
Mother Goose
Mitten Song, The Mix a Pancake
Mocking
Moonbeam
Mary
.
.
Louise Allen
Christina Rossetti
The
Bird,
Months, The
.
Maurice Lesemann Sara Coleridge
.
.
......
Hilda Conk/wg
Moon's the North Wind's Cooky, The
.
Morning
Vachel Lnnh.iy Emily Dickinson
Moses, the Lawgiver
Mary
.
.
.
Alice Jones
Christina Rossetti Mother's Song, A Mountain and the Squirrel, The Ralph Waldo Emerson .
.
.
.
...'..
Moving
Eunice Tietjens
Mrs. Goose's Wild Christmas
Miriam Clark
Potter
Eleanor Farjeon Mrs. Peck-Pigeon. Mrs. Snipkin and Mrs. Wobblechin Laura E. Richards .
.
.
....
Stepas Zobarskas Music of the Scythes, The Elizabeth Manson Scott My Bed .
My
Shadow
...
Mysterious Cat, The
My Zipper Suit
.
Robert Louis Stevenson .
Vachel Lindsay Louise Allen
.
....
Mary
N Esther Brann V Nanette Visits the Chateau New, Bright World for JennvLind, A Laura Benit VI New Song to Sing about Jonathan Bing, A Beatrice Curtis Brown I] Dinah M. Mulock Craik New Year, The Eleanor Farjeon II Night Will Never St.iv, The James Whitcomb Riley II Nonsense Rhyme, A Mother Goose North Wind Doth Blow, The .
.
.
.
.
1
.
.
.
.
Now
Through the Dusk
.
Walter de la Marc
1
]
Index of Titles Hilaire Btlloc II 97 Rebecca Unknown II 1C8 Riddling Knight, The Mother Goose I 17 Ride a Cockhorse Mother Goose I 18 Ring-around-a-Rosy Annette Wynne II 37 Ring Around the World Cornelia Melius V 8 Ringing in the New Year Robert Fulton Makes the Paddles Work Clara Ingram Judson VI 54 William Cullcn Bryant II 52 Robert of Lincoln Robin Hood and Maid Marian .
.
.
.
George Cockburn Harvey
Robinson Crusoe's Storv Rock-A-Bv Lady, The
Romp, The
.
II
Eugene Field Nam) Byrd Turner
I
184
II
54
....
Rosa Bonheur Breaks Her Needle
Round
May
the
Pole
Mary New/in Dance
95
I
129
Mother Goose
I
34
Arthur
Salt
....
Roberts .
.
Ran some
Phil Stong
Unknown
Katherine Edelman
.
John Masefield Richard Hovey 4my Lowell Mother Goose See-Saw, Margery Daw She'll Be Coniin' Round the Mountain Mountain Ballad .
The The
Sea Gypsy, Sea Shell,
.
.
.
.
Shelling Peas
.
iilcen Fisher
House, The Nancy M. Hayes Shoemaker and the Elves, The Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm Louise E. Baldwin Silver Pesos tor Carlos
Shun
Little
.
....
.
.
Silver Trees
.
Aileen Fisher
Mother Goose Simple Simon Mother Goose Sing a Song of Sixpence Robert Louis Stevenson Singing Robert Louis Stevenson Sing Me a Song Six Days on an Ocean Liner Adapted from Henry B. Lint Christina Rossetti Skylark and Nightingale Sleeping Be; rat) Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm Sleepyhead Walter de la Mare Small Homes Carl Sandburg Sno%v Man, The Mildred Flew Meigs Snow-White and Rose-Red Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm .
.
.
.
.
Some One
.
.
Waltet it la
.
Sometimes Song for a Little House Song of the Wakeupworld Spoonbill and the Cloud, The
Man
Rose Fyleman Christopher Mor/es .
Countee Cullen
W. H. Hudson Spring William Blake Spring Morning, A. .-I Milne Star-Spangled Banner Girl Carolyn Sherwin Bails Steadfast Tin Soldier, The
...
i
Hans Christian Andel Steam Comes Upriver
Stop— Go
.
36
VI
Rub-a-Dub-Dub
Santa Claus Saturday Shopping Sea Fever.
1
Nancy Byrd Turner
Now We
Sam Volney, Cowboy
VI 231
Charles E. Carry/
.
.
ten
Josephine E. Phillips
Dorothy
W. Baruch
II
251
3
Childcraft
252 Trains
I
102
Anne Littlefield Locklin True Story of Benjamin Franklin, The
V
25
E/bridge S. Brooks
VI
24
George Cooper
I
159
Jane Taylor Mother Goose
1135
Tramp, The
James
....
S. Tippett
.
Twenty Froggies Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star Legs Sat upon Three Legs
Two
.
.
1
49
When Young
Melissa Sweeps Nancy Byrd Turner Robert Louis Stevenson
Where Go the Boats? Whisky Frisky White Butterflies White Fields .
Who Who
Unknown Algernon Charles Swinburne
James Stephens
Calls?
Frances Clarke Sayers
Has Seen the Wind? Willow Cats, The Wind and the Moon, The Wind and the Sun, The
.
.
.
.
.
Wind Capers Wind, The
Macdonald
George
.
Aesop
Nancy Byrd Turner
....
Wings and Wheels
Christina Rossetti
Margaret Widdemer
.
U Hans Chris: an Andersen III 21 Ugly Duckling Laurc E. Richards II 62 Umbrella Brigade, The Mo ica Shannon I 109 Uncle Frank Uncle Harry and the Aunts Carotin D. Emerson IV 202
II
.
Robert Louts Stevenson
Nancy Byrd Turner Winter Dorothy Aldis Wintertime Robert Louis Stevenson Wolf and the Seven Little Kids, The Jakob and Wilbtlm Grimm Wonder Where This Horseshoe Went .
.
V
.
Vagabond Song, A
Bliss
Caiman
A. A. Milne Vespers Ruby Lorraine Radford Victor and the Pirate Visit from St. Nicholas, A Clement Clarke Moore .
Vulture,
The
Hilaire Belloc
II
67
I
145
V
129
II
150 86
II
W Wappie's Surprise Cake
Washington
.
.
Harriet Bum, IV 75 Nancy Byrd Tuner II 188 .
.
....
....
Mother Goose
I
22
II
190 140 42
Western Wagons I What Am I What I What I Christina Rossetti What Does the Bee Do? When a Modern Bov Travels Frances Cavanah IV When Mark Twain Was a Boy .
.
.
.
Margaret Ford Allen VI
When
the Frost Is on the Punkin
.
.
....
Rosemary and Stephen Vincent Benet Dorothy A/dis I? Mother Goose Are Little Boys Made of? Does Little Birdie Say?. Alfred Tennyson
Willie Winkie
.
Edna St. Vincent Mi/lay Woodpecker, The Elizabeth Madox Roberts William Brighty Rands World, The Wright Brothers Learn to Fly, The Joseph Cottier and Haym Jajfe Eugene Field Wynken, Blynken, and Nod .
Wee
.
.
....
James Whitcomb Riley
II
92 65 235 89 68
Yak, The Yankee Doodle
Hilaire Belloc
Unknown
II
87 1S5
Robert Browning
II
40
Yet Gentle Will the Griffin Be Vachel Lindsay II James Baldwin VI Young George Washington Young Mountain)' Singer Martha F. Simmonds V
19 29
Year's at the Spring,
.
The
.
.
.
II
94
One and Two.]
A
birdie
with
a
yellow
bill
....
.
Childcraft
254
n days of yore, from Britaii never Saw a Purple Cow
Georgy Porgy, pudding and pie God is Love Grandpa dropped his glasses once
.
.
shore
ntery, mintery, cutery corn
.
n the fall I saw some trees n the meadow— what is in the meadow n the morning, very early n the other gardens n the winter, in the winter n winter I get up at night n the wintertime we go saw above a sea of hiils saw a proud, mysterious cat saw a ship a-sailing saw dawn creep across the sky saw you toss the kites on high spot the hills t's a very odd thing t's queer about my Uncle Frank
.
Great, wide, beautiful, wonderful World Growing in the vale
.
H
.
Halfway down the stairs Hamelin Town's in Brunswick Have you ever heard of the Sugar-Plum Tree He always comes on market days He played by the river when he was young
He played his little tune He prayeth well who loveth well Here all we see Here we go round the mulberry bush Her name was Dilliki Dolliki Dinah He sits and begs, he gives a paw. He thought he saw a Buffalo
.
.
t t
was six men of Indostan was the time when lilies blow
.
wandered lonely
as a cloud
.
.
II
90
Hey, diddle, diddle!
I
Hickety, pickery, Hickory, dickory, dock
I
33 21
.... my black hen ....
Ho, Ho,
for
Hot
cross buns!
wish, ho,wl wish,
had
a little
doth the
do you
Don Durk
little
like to
of
go up
in a
....
Jingle bells! Jingle bells! John Gilpin was a citizen
sat on a wall stars in the pretty sky Hush-a-bye, baby, on the treetop
Hush! the waves
.
.
are rolling in
Ladybird, Ladybird, fly away home Late lies the wintrv sun a-bed
I I
I
....
am am
fevered with the sunset the sister of him can't go walking climbed up on the merry-go-round. come from haunts of coot and hern
I'd like to be a
lighthouse
1
I
....
have a garden was a cave-boy If all the world were apple pie If I had a hundred dollars to spend I had a little pony I had a little tea-party I have a little bed I have a little shadow that goes in and out with
dreamed
I
.
.
I
know
I
like little
I
like the fall
I
like to
I
like to
I
like to shell peas
II
I
I'd like to I
16
January brings the snow
swing
Hundreds of
I
II
.
Jack and Jill went up the hill Jack be nimble Jack Sprat could eat no fat
Dowdee
crocodile
Humpty Dumpty
I
house
sjivui or
for the Pirate
How How
he gladdest gladdes thing will be the
II I
II
II I
I
39 66 76 82 64 107 46 30 35 85
....
"Listen, children, iisten" Listen, my children, and you shall hear Little black bug Little Bo-Peep has lost her sheep Little Bov Blue, come blow your horn Little Boy kneels at the foot' of the bed .
.
.
39 149 44 180 I 95 I 58 I 27 I
I
.
.
.
.
II
.
II
.
1145
.
Little fairv snowflakes
Jack Horner Little Miss Muffet Little
Little Little
.
.
I
71
II
46 67
I I
Robin Redbreast Tucker snow!
Tommy at the
II
I
....
Nancy Etticoat
Little
Look
152 29 26 48 40
I
upon a
sat
tree
....
Loveliest of trees, the cherry Love me I love you
—
cupboard Pussv
a little
now
.
I
M
.
meet the popcorn man move. There's such a feeling
....
I love to see a lobster laugh I met a little Elf-man, once I'm glad our house is a little house I'm going out to clean the pasture spring I'm hiding, I'm hiding I must go down to the seas again In a great big wood in a great big tree In an ocean, 'wav out vondet In April's sweet month .
a little lamb Mary! Mary! Mary.' Mary Middling had a pig Merrily swinging on brier and weed Mistress Marv, quite contrary
Mary had
.
Mix a pancake Moonbeam steps down
.
...
sky
My
'. .
.
zipper suit
is
55
22 65 52 24 64 169 93 196
II I
.
the silken ladder
.
.
I I
I
Mrs. Peck-Pigeon
My country, 'tis My tea is nearly
I
II I .
.II
of thee
readv and the sun has .'
bunny-brown
left
the 1 1
134 73
Index of First Lines s,„.
Now, through
255
igot
Sing me a song of a lad that gone Skinny Mrs. Snipkin Slipping softly through the skv Snow makes whiteness where it fall: Some day I'm going to have a store Some days are fairy days Some one came knocking Sound the flute! Stars are twinkling up on high Swing, swing
the dusk
.
Of speckled eggs the birdie sings. Oh, dear, what can the matter be? Oh, give me a home where the buffalo roam Oh, Johnny Fife and Johnny's wife
.
.
....
.
.
O Jonathan Bine, Bingathon fori Old King Cole Old Mother Goose, when Old Mother Hubbard Old Mother Twitchet had but one eve Once I saw a little bird Once there was an elephant Once upon a time, in a little wee house. On Christmas Day the snow One day the snow man. Sir Benjamin Buzz. One misty, moistv morning One, two. One, two, three, four, five On stormy days On summer mornings when it's hot On the top of the Crumpettv Tree O the Ragged) Man! He works fer Pa Over hill, over dale Over in the meadow Over the mountains Over the river Over the river and through the wood
Thank You for the world Thank you, pretty cow, t The buds have come to town
adc
The Buffalo, the Buffalo The Bunnies are a feeble folk The Camel's hump is an ugly lump The children were shouting together The city has streets The city mouse lives in a house The coach is at the door at last The day before April The dog is black or white or brown. The drum is our big windowpanc! The fog comes The gingham dog and the calico cat The golden crocus reaches up The Grasshopper, the Grasshopper The green bug sleeps in the white lily e The hill was paved with buttercups. The house of the mouse The Kangaroo said to her son The leaves are fresh after the rain The little girl who lives next door The little Jesus came to town The Man in the Moon The mocking bird is the talkingest bird The moon? It is a griffin's egg The moon's the North Wind's cooky The morns are meeker than they were The mountain and the squirrel The night was thick and hazy The night will never stay The north wind doth blow The Owl and the Pussycat went to sea The Pilgrims came across the sea. The Queen of Hearts The rain is raining all around The Rock-a-By Lady from Hush-a-B) si The roofs are shining from the rain The snow had begun in the gloaming The snow is soft, and how it squashes! The spring is fresh and fearless The steamboat is a slowpoke The street cars are The Sun The sun is always in the sky The tulips now are pushing up The Vulture eats between his meals The wind came dashing from the wood The wind is out with a leap and a twirl The wind was a torrent of darkness The wires spread out far and wide I'lie woodpecker pecked out a little run .
.
.
.
....
Pat-a-cake, pat-a-cake Pease porridge hot
.
.
.
.
.
Peter, Peter, pumpkin-eater
Pipe thee high, and pipe thee "Pitter patter!" falls the rain Polly, put the kettle on
.
.
.
Poor Johnnv was bended wellPoor old Jonathan Bing Purple horses with orange mar Pussycat, pussycat, where havi
.
R Rain, rain, go away Ride a cockhorse to Banbury Cross Ring-around-a-rosy Ring around the world
I
117 118
.... ...
Ringlety-jing! Round the M.iv Pole
.
now we
dance
122
.
.
.
Rub-a-dub-dub'
II
37
II
102
I
1
I
2y 34
....
.
S
Said the Duck to the Kangaroo Said the Table to the Chair Said the Wind to the Moon, "I will blow you .
192 lls)6
I
Sea Shell, Sea Shell See-saw, Margery Daw See the pretty snowflakes She'll be comin' round the mountain Simple Simon met a pieman .
I
.
107
IIS
...
.
,
11144
out!
II
78 200
I
57
1 1
.
.
Childcraft
256
U
so full of a number of things at the spring are fairies at the bottom of our garde dwelt a miller, hale and bold is something in the Autumn lived a sage in days of yore
The world The year's
is
.
There There There There There must be magic There There There There There There There There There There There There There
.
.... .... .
.
.
.
.
and bright They call them pussy willows They chose me from my brothers sisters fair
.
.
.
.
.
days hath September white horses the house that Tack built
way
I
41
I
II I I 1 I
I
I
168 120 140 82 190 115 48 60
I
43
I
.
I
.
II II
.... .
the
1
II
II
...
They strolled down the lane together They went with axe and rifle Thirty Thirty This is This is
.
.
1
I .
.
the ladies ride
Three blind mice, see how they run! Three jolly gentlemen Three little kittens lost their mittens Three of us afloat in the meadow by the swir Three plum buns Through all the pleasant meadow-side Thumbs in the thumb-place Tick, tock, tick, tock To market, to market To market, to market Tomorrow I'm to get a gut
I
21
I
77 52 109 69
I
II I
....
through the house
Twenty
froggies
went
to school
Twinkle, twinkle,
little star
Two
three legs
legs sat
upon
.... .... .
.
.
We
Wee
We
up,
O
brought
a
O World, awake! rug for sitting on
World;
Willie Winkie had a pet show out on our
I
171 176
II
21
I
80 22 24 42
I
I
lawn
.
.
I
...
...
shock young Melissa sweeps a room
der's in the
When
Where am I going? I don't quite know Where the bee sucks, there suck I Where the bluebells and the wind are Whisky Frisky White sheep, white sheep Who comes dancing over the snow .
do
.
26
150 159 135 49
I I I
"You
are old, Father
never
II I
I
178 161
I
HO
I
88
II
68
I
15
42
II
61
.
.
.
33
I
90 126 116
I I
his tail
.
II
.
.
I I
125 112
I
75 198
I
151
I
II
20
II
34 ISO
I
William," the young man
said
You
I
II
.
....
bells for
92 65 48 153 187 13 148
I
II
.
...
pup with black on
51
I
II
.
.
Who has seen the wind? Who is it that comes with a tinkle and a wliile Who lives in a house of glass so round ... seen a little
I
II
II
.
Christmas ring? Will there really be a morning? Without the door let sorrow lie Wonder where this horseshoe went Wynken, Blynken, and Nod one night
II
II
.
.
Whv
II
.
.
What are little boys made of, made of? "What are you doing there, Robbin a Bobbin What does little birdie say What does the bee do? '. When a mounting skylark sings When at home alone sit When Daniel Boone goes by, at night When he came to tuck me in When it is the winter time When I was sick and lay a-bed When people call this beast to mind When summer's in the city When supper time is almost come When the frost is on the punkin and the ad-
Who's
.... ....
Tom, Tom, the piper's son To the South the geese are going Twas the night before Christmas, wher
....
W "Wake 75 189 33 98 164 96 165 165 165 26
I
was a boy of other days was a crooked man was a little boy was a little girl, who had a littl was a little turtle was an Old Man who supposed was an old man with a beard was an old person of Ware was an old woman was an old woman tossed up in a basket was an old woman who lived in a shoe was a voung maid who said, "Why" were three
Up
.
cat desired
There's nothii
a toadstool crept a wee Elf the airy mountain
Under
know with
a doorbell
....
" I
106 108
IUO
Wi^T-HUL,
*±**.