Gateway to health: A course in health and family life for secondary schools

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GATEP/AY TO HEALTH A COUESE IN HEALTH AND FAMILY LIFE FOR SECONDARY SCHOOIS

A Project Presented to the Faculty of the School of Education The University of Southern California

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Education

by Vincent Anthony MLgLiazzo June 1950

UMI Number: EP46474

All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion.

Dissertation Publishing

UMI EP46474 Published by ProQuest LLC (2014). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code

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'S i

(o3 y

.

T h is p r o je c t re p o rt, w r itte n u n d e r th e d ire c tio n o f th e ca n d id a te ’s a d v is e r a n d a p p ro v e d b y h im , has been p re se n te d to a n d a cce p te d by th e F a c u lty o f the S c h o o l o f E d u c a tio n in p a r t ia l f u lf illm e n t o f the

re q u ire m e n ts f o r

th e degree

o f M a s te r o f

S cience in E d u c a tio n .

D ate....................... ...............................................

A d v is e r

D ean

This project is submitted in elite type with my approval.

May 17, 1950

ii

PREFACE This is a unit of health and family life study to be installed in an advanced biology or physiology course*

There appears to be inf-

adequate stress placed on healthful living in many courses, consequently this unit is prepared with a hope that it will help rectify that situation.

This unit is prepared to perform functions that have

definite objectives, which can be realized through a simple student problem solving technique. The unit attacks primarily the most important problem of everyday youth, that of personal health, an element so important to his security.

It aims to relate health ideals to everyday interests and

experiences of the student so that when he has acquired these ideals he can care for his body in a simple yet practical manner* This unit emphasizes the principles of healthful living rather than the conplicated and factual technique of definitions and anatony charts.

The material is presented in the functional approach 1 developed in Crawford’s Functional Education, and Stoddard’s Education for all American Youth. ^

Claude C. Crawford: Functional Education. U.S.C., Los Angeles, I9E7I

Published by the author,

^Alexander Stoddard et al: Education for all American Youth. Education Society, Washington, D. C., 1937

National

iii

This concept of education emphasized "doing1* rather than "knowing about1*; "acts'* take the place of "facts".

The student does not learn

the names of the bones as an end of learning for example; rather he is taught how to develop healthy bone structure, or how to care for broken bones.

Knowledge, facts, skills are important only to the extent that

they contribute to the student's more intelligent meeting of his life situations.

The format is that suggested by Crawford in his, How to

Write a Course Syllabus,^ and Oxide for Curriculum Projects.^

The approach expressed above can also be supported by the following statement from Deweys "Terms and proposition record, fix, and convey what is abstracted. A meaning detached from a given experience cannot remain hanging in the air. It xnust acquire a local habitation. Names give abstract meanings a physical locus and body. Formulation is thus not an after-thought or by-product; it is essential to the completion of the work of thought.

3 Claude C. Crawfords How to Write a Course Syllabus. C. C. Crawford, Los Angeles, 19hS. it Claude C. Crawford et als Oxide for Curriculum Projects. C. C. Crawford, U.S.C., Los Angeles, 19lt9. John Dewey: Democracy and Education. New York, 191^1 Page 265.

MacMillan Company,

iv

Burton also places stress on the educational principle that students learn by "action** and not dry "facts".

He writes:

“A good learning situation consists of a rich and varied series of learning experiences unified around a vigorous purpose, aimed at a rruuber of different learning products, and carried on in interaction with a rich, varied, and provocative environment. Jesse Williams, a pioneer in the field of teaching functional physiology, has said: "It is interesting to note that at one time physiology in schools was merely the teachings of anatony. “How many bones are there in the skeleton?" was a typical question. As the texts inproved and the method changed, function was emphasized, and in many texts today the presentation of function is the goal of endeavor. It should be remembered, however, that knowledge of the structure and function of the body is of value only insofar as it helps the boy or girl to live a finer and more vigorous life or lays the foundation for further study in this field*"* We know that the learner retains and develops his mind more when he is placed in a ”learning-by-doing” situation such as formulating projects or field trips* activity is stressed.

Throughout this syllabus the idea of student

To quote from Blaydes:

5 William H. Burton: The Guidance of Learning Activities* D. Appleton-Century Conpany, New York, 19hiu

7 Jesse F. Williams: New York, 1938*

Healthful Living. The MacMillan Conp any,

V

"The method of teaching by projects is widely accepted as a desirable procedure in education. It is especially useful in the sciences where many of the materials are of the so-called laboratory and field types. The project method also offers the student the opportunity of learning by activity, seeing, doing, and handling*4.®

It is intended that this syllabus will be placed in the hands of the student as a guide to promote a healthful happy life.

Glenn Blayes et als Methods and Materials for Teaching Biological Sciences. McGraw-Hill Book Conpany, Inc., New York, 193S.

vi

COURSE CONTENTS CHAPTER

FACE PART I. PERSONAL HEALTH • HOT TO DEVELOP PERSONAL HEALTH

1*

BODY STATURE:

How to promote good physical development

2.

PERSONAL GROOMING: How to develop a healthy physical appearance ...........

....

How to select a proper diet

2 7

3.

BODY PROPORTIONS:

U*

ELIMINATION: How to maintain good intestinal functions and avoid disorders ......

16

S>.

STIMULANTS:

20

6m

HEALTH SCALE:

How to refrain from using stimulants....... How to develop a good health scale •••.••••••••

12

23

PART II. COMMUNITY HEALTH HOT TO PROMOTE COMMUNITY HEALTH 7. 3. 9* 30.

EMERGENCY: How to prepare for and meet first-aid re­ quirements of everyday life ....

26

CONTAGIOUS DISEASES: How to prevent and avoid diseases that are “catchy** or contagious ...........

32

COMMUNICABLE DISEASES: communicable diseases

37

How to maintain the body free from ......

NON-CONTAGIOUS DISEASES: How to prevent the spread of noncontagious diseases......

UO

FART III. FAMILY LIVING HOT TO PROMOTE HEALTHFUL FAMILY LIVING 11. 12.

PEACE: How to maintain and develop peace and harmony in the h o m e ................

Hi

SELECTION: How to select a partner and plan a happy marriage ........

U9

vii

CHAPTER 13. 1U.

PAGE

SURROUNDINGS: How to maintain anddevelop environment ....... SATISFACTORY LIVING:

How toachieve

agood

themostfrom life

53 57

Bibliography............................... .. ....... .

60

List of audio visualaids

63

........................

1

PART I.

PERSONAL HEALTH

HOT TO DET7ELOF PERSONAL HEALTH Developing personal health wins half the battle to couplete happiness*

The problem of personal health effects your very

security and happiness.

This is a section that will give you

a few tips on how to develop personal health*

2

CHAPTER 1.

BODY STATURE

HOT TO PROMOTE GOOD PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT A.

B.

MOTIVATION:

Rewards that come from a well-developed body.

1*

ADMIRATION:

A -well-developed body- warrants respect.

2.

SOCIAL STANDING* ; A good physical appearance paves the way- for social acceptance.

3.

GOOD LASTING FOB ITIONS: A sound body means a healthy body, health means life long success.

PRESENTATION: Some suggestions and methods that will aid you in developing a fine body. 1.

MUSCLES:

How to promote good muscular development.

a. Avoid too strenuous exercise, thus avoiding fatigue. b. Use stimulants only under a doctor's supervision. c. Exercise moderately by performing and participating in any of the following sports.

(1)

Horseback riding

(2)

Hiking

(3)

Boxing

(h ) Hockey, football or tennis (5)

Dancing

(6)

Long walks

(7) Weight lifting (8) Hunting and canping (9 )

Golf

d. Avoid lifting weights and doing work not in proportion to your weight and strength.

3

2*

3*

STATURE:

How to walk and develop good posture*

a*

Arrange your study desk so that your body is not in a stooped position*

b.

If you carry a canping pack arrange the .load so it is evenly distributed, not more on one side or the other*

c*

Shift loads you carry from side to side to avoid throwing hips and shoulders out of line*

d*

When you walk, carry the head and trunk of the body erect, swing the arms freely and take a free and lazy stride*

e*

Keep the body erect at all times, give people an idea you are proud*

BONES:

How to develop good bone structure*

a*

Drink milk and other sources of calcium*

b.

Never stand too long on hard concrete or cement floors.

c*

If you break a bone have it set by a conpetent physician*

d*

Refrain from strong stimulants; they enter the blood stream and slow the calcification process*

e*

If you have bone deformation, have it taken care of while you are young*

f*

Never sit in a chair or at a desk in a slunped position*

g*

Develop natural movements*

h*

When you relax, relaxl

it

it*

FEET:

How to care for the feet*

a* Always select shoes that fit properly* b* Avoid choosing shoes for style and not for comfort* c* Wear high top shoes and woolen socks in cold climate* d. Always apply a foot powder after a bath or shower* e* Dry the feet prcperly after a bath or shower* f•

Keep the toe nails cut; this is not only for health but also economy*

g* Bathe feet in salt water to stimulate circulation* C*

PERFORMANCE; Suggested procedures to aid in promoting good physical development* 1.

Deformity: structure*

Check with a doctor for any deformity in bone

2*

CHARTS: Study charts to develop good posture* and improve your own posture*

3*

X-RAT: Have x-rays made of any possible bone obstructions or fractures*

h*

SORE MUSCLES: Treat yourself or a friend who might have sore muscles by bathing in warm saLt water*

*>•

FEET: Examine your shoes and clothing to see if they fit into proper health standards*

6*

HXGUHE: Set up a program for good foot hygiene and follow it through*

5 D,

Samples of questions you caa.usfi to evaluate

tout

knowledge of developing ‘body stature. 1.

TRUE-FALSE: Place X In the correct space for true or false. T F a. (

(

) You should exercise vigorously each day. ) When walking, you should carry your head and trunk erect, swinging the arms at your sides.

c. (

) To "build sound teeth you should drink a quart of milk each day which is rich in calcium.

a. (

) You should apply a foot powder to your feet after each hath to prevent fungus growth.

e. (

)

f. (

) When carrying heavy loads you should shift the load from left to right frequently thus avoiding malformed hips and shoulders.

g. (

) You should avoid stimulants because they enter the blood stream, then bones, causing poor growth of the bones.

h. (

)

i. (

) You should wear high heels when dancing because you only use the ball of your foot.

i- (

) As long as you are comfortable and feel relaxed it doesnH matter how you sit in a chair.

To stimulate circulation in the feet you should bathe them in salt water.

In picking up objects from the floor, you should bend from the hips not at the knees.

Em i O H M E M MATERIALS:

Suggested reading and visual aids that..Mill

Eela-jpa dgYelQl? rqoA Mdy afcafoarg.. l.

2.

books:

a.

Carlson, Anton J. and Johnson, Victor: The Machinery of the Body, pp 33-36. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 19^8. (Referred to as Carlson through­ out the syllabus.)

h,

Wilson, Charles C,, Bracken, John, Almack, John C: Life and Health, pp 180-185. The Bobbs-Merrill Co., Hew York, H. Y,, 19^8. (Referred to as Wilson through­ out the syllabus.)

FIIHSj? a.

Posture and Exercise. 1 reel., Encyclopedia Brittanica Pilms, Chicago, Illinois. (Referred to as EBP throughout the syllabus.)

7 CHAPTER 2.

PERSONAL GROOMING

HCW TO DEVELOP A HEALTH! PHYSICAL APPEARANCE A*

B.

MOTIVATIONS

Rewards that come from a good physical appearance.

1.

PERSONAL ENJOYMENT AND CONTENTMENT : People admire a person with a good physical appearance*

2.

ACCEPTANCE IN SOCIETY: You will acquire more friends and people will have a higher respect for you*

3*

FEWER DOCTOR BILLS: health bills*

U*

MORE SEX APPEAL:

You will not have to worry about costly

"Good looks14 help you socially*

PRESENTATION: Suggested procedures that will help you to develop a healthy physical appearance* 1*

2*

HAIR:

How to maintain and care for the hair*

a*

If you hair appears "limp" or “dead**, ask friends for the name of a good beauty parlor or barber*

b*

Wash the hair frequently, using a good grade of shaapoo*

c*

Apply a named brand of hair dressing when hair is hard to manage after washing*

d»

Avoid that repulsive oily look to the hair.

e«

Never permit the hair to dry out* while working in the sun*

HANDS:

Wear a cap or hat

How to beautify the hands and nails*

a*

To avoid dish pan hands wear rubber gloves when washing dishes in strong soapy water*

b*

Avoid chapped hands by applying a named brand of hand lotion*

c*

To avoid infection always wash the hands before and after each toilet*

d*

Keep the nails short and free from foreign particles*

e*

Avoid that repulsive devil look of the nails*

(Red blood)

3

3*

li*

5*

EARS: How to care for and maintain good hearing* a*

Never stick large objects in the ear, especially fingers, hair pins, etc*

b*

If your ears or hearing seem dulled quite often the wax needs to be removed. (Consult a doctor*)

c*

Apply warmed clove oil for minor ear aches*

d*

If your ears bleed, consult a doctor immediately*

e*

If you are subjected to loud noises wear an ear muff or bits of oiled cotton in the ears*

EYES: How to protect and care for your vision* a*

If your eyes are weak wear glasses and consult a qualified eye doctor*

b*

Remove foreign bodies from the eye with a clean danp cloth or handkerchief*

c*

Never rub the eyes*

d*

Avoid spreading disegses of the eye by not using other peoples towels, handkerchiefs, or other personal equip­ ment*

e*

If you have prolonged headaches, you may need glasses* (Consult a doctor*)

f*

If you are nearsighted, color blind, or farsighted, suggest to your teacher that you would like to change your seat in the classroom*

g*

Avoid using home remedies; your eyes are your most treasured possessions*

h*

Eat a lot of fresh fruit and vegetables, especially carrots*

i*

Use proper lighting*

SKIN:

a*

How to develop and care for your skin*

Never squeeze pinples or blackheads; infection usually follows*

9

6#

b#

Choose a good brand of soap, one that will clean and yet not irritate the skin#

c#

Visit the beach; secure Vitamin D#

d#

Avoid excessive sunburn, the results are often disasterous#

e#

Drink fruit juices and water# Your pores will remain open and thus remove body poisons#

f#

Bathe regularly#

g#

Sleep eight hours a day, but be sure to acquire exercise too#

h#

Remove all make-up before retiring, thus permitting the skin to breathe#

TEETH:

Hew to care fcr and maintain good teeth#

a#

Purchase a day#

good brush and use it at

least threetimes a

b#

If gums are irritated, use a good mouth wash, possibly hydrogen-peroxide#

c#

Sen-Sen helps control

d#

Never wait when decay first starts; consult adentist immediately#

e#

If your teeth need correction (e#g# braces) consult a dentist#

f•

Drink lots of milk - it builds strong durable teeth#

bad breath#

g# Watch for “Soft shoulder** which is brittle teeth# this by using plenty of calcium in the diet# ) C#

(Avoid

PERFORMANCE: Suggested activities that will help maintain a sound physical appearance# 1#

VISIT: Visit a dentist’s office and have him point out the major defects of teeth*-

2#

SMEAR: Examine a smear taken from an infected pinple# the do's and dont's of pimple care#

List

3*

D»

FLAN: Work out a personal grooming plan and have the teacher approve it, then follow it carefully for one month and check your results*

EVALUATION: Procedures you can use to check your knowledge of how to develop personal grooming* 1*

BEST ANSWER: parentheses*

Place the nunfoer of the best answer in the

a*

( ) You can best develop a healthy appearance by: (1) Bathing regularly* (2) Using Sen Sen* (3) By visiting the beach for Vitamin D*. (k) By carefully developing a personal grooming scale and visiting a doctor when irregularities occur*

b*

()

You can develcp and maintain healthy hair by: (1) Washing it frequently* (2) Washing it frequently using a named brand of sharpg o * (3) By using lets of oil* (1*) By permitting the hair to acquire lobs of sunshine*

c*

()

The best method you can use to beautify the hands is: (1) Washing hands frequently with sosp* (2) Jfeintaih long painted nails* (3) Use hand lotion frequently after each washing* (h) Wear gloves when washing dishes or doing household chores*

d*

()

You can prolong the life of good hearing by: (l) Cleaning the ears frequently with the blunt end of a hair pin or match stick* (2) Apply cotton in the ears if they tend to bleed* (3) If your ears or hearing seem dulled consult a doctor so he can remove the wax. (U) Never apply any medicines without first consulting a conpetent doctor*

11

E.

e.

( ) You can maintain a clean clear skin by: (l) Squeezing all pinples or blackheads that appear on your face or body. (2) Refrain from drinking fruit juices because they tend to block the pores of the body. (3) Bathing at least once each week, (it) Selecting a good brand of soap, securing the right amount of Vitamin D, and using a warm towel to help open the pores of the body*

f•

( ) You can develop and maintain healthy teeth by: (1) Brushing the teeth at least every other day. (2) Drinking lots of milk. (3) Using a concen­ trated solution of hydrogen peroxide for cleansing, (ii) Using Sen Sen to step decay.

ENRICHMENT MflTERIAIS: Suggested readings and visual aids that will help you develop personal health. 1.

2.

3.

BOOKS: a*

Wilson:

pp 265-276, 276-282.

b.

Carlson:

c.

Hough, T. and Sedwick, William T*: Elements of Physiology. Ginn and Co., New York, New York, 1939.

pp 33-36,

FILMS: a.

Eyes and Their Care.

1 reel, sd., E. B. F.

b.

how the Eye Functions. 1 reel, sd., Knowledge Builders, 625 Madison Ave., Sew York, 1, New York.

c.

How the Ear Functions. 1 reel, sd., Knowledge Builders, 625 Madison Ave., Mew York 1, New York.

FILM STBUS: a.

How We Hear. 35 mm. filmstrip, si., Ohio St., Chicago 11, Illinois.

S. V* E., 100 East

12

CHAPTER 3.

BODY PROPORTIONS

HOW TO SELECT A PROPER DIET A.

MOTIVATION: Rewards that come from having a knowledge of the proper foods. ' 1.

B.

PERSONAL SATISFACTION:

You not only feel fit but look fit.

2.

SOCIAL RESPECTS:

People admire a veil developedbody.

3*

SUCCESS IN LIFE: society.

You will be able to hold abetter job in

4.

BODY TONE: You will have a good disposition and a pleasant outlook on life.

PRESENTATION: diet. 1.

2.

Procedures which will help you to select a proper

UNDERWEIGHT:

How to put bn weight.

a.

Eat a large meal three times daily.

b.

Drink milk instead of coffee.

c.

Avoid smoking.

d.

Eat vitamins at each sitting.

e.

Consult a doctor for your deficiencies.

f.

Secure from ten to eleven hours sleep at night.

OVERWEIGHT:

How to lose weight.

a.

Exercise frequently but eat less.

b.

Avoid newspaper advertisements that promote safe ways to lose weight.

c.

By increasing the body heat you burn up fats normally used to put on weight.

d.

Use laxatives, thus preventing the food from becoming weight.

13

e*

Drink juices instead of eating solids*

£•

Try and analyze your diet and find out which foods in­ crease your weight.

g.

By no means try any method without first consulting a physician.

h*

Consult a doctor for a complete analysis of why you are overweight.

i.

Indulge in vigorous outdoor physical activity every dqjr.

DIET:

How to develop and maintain a proper diet*

a.

When traveling, avoid Beriberi and other deficiencies of traveling by taking along an adequate supply of Vitamin B.

b*

Have a good supply of Vitamin G and thus avoid Pellagra and other Vitamin G deficiencies. Found in: (1)

Milk

(2)

Eggs

(3)

Msat (liver)

c*

Drink milkj thus you avoid soft bones and teeth,

d*

Build up your blood by consuming a good supply of Vitamin K. Found in: (1)

Liver

(2)

Green vegetables

(3)

Milk

e*

The sun is the best source of Vitamin D. caution.

f•

Vitamin A prevents night blindness and is a good eneny again colds; carrots help too. Found in: (1)

Butter

(2)

Green and yellow vegetables

Use it with

lu

(3)

Whole milk

(It) Eggs C*

D.

gEKFORMflNCE: Suggested activities which will help you develop a well balanced body* 1.

DEFICIENCY: Go to a laboratory and hare a basal-metabolism test taken, and make a diet for yourself based on the findings.

2.

BASIC FOOD: Learn the seven basic foods and make up a diet utilizing them.

3.

DIETICIAN: Make a visit to the doctors office; talk with a dietician about proper foods and prepare a diet for serving some specific meal.

U.

COOKING: Consult a cook book that indicates how to keep the vitamin in the foods, and prepare a meal accordingly.

EVALUATION: Sanple of ways in which you can inprove your body proportions. 1.

BATING SCALE: Place an X in the space for which you qualify according to your present diet*

a.

Drink nrflk instead of coffee.

b.

Organize a vitamin chart and eat vitamins at each meal.

c.

Drink juices instead of eating solids.

d.

.Avoid newspaper advertisements that promote safe ways to lose weight.

e.

Try any means to lose weight without first con­ sulting a physician.

f.

Have a chart listing the seven basic foods and make up a diet utilizing them.

g*

Prepare meals at home using methods to maintain all the vitamins.

2$

E.

ENRICHMENT MATERIMS; Suggested readings, and visual, aids that will help you develop good body, proportions. 1.

BOOKS: a. Wilson: b.

2.

Carlson:

pp 95~H5>* pp

FIL16: a*

Alimentary Tract.

1 reel, sd., E.B.F.

b.

Selecting the Right Foods.

1 reel, sd., E.B.F.

16

CHAPTER U*

ELIMINATION

HOW TO MAINTAIN GOOD INTESTINAL FUNCTIONS AND AVOID DISORDERS A.

B.

MOTIVATION: Rewards that come from knowing what to do when intestinal disorders come* 1*

GOOD HUM2R:

You will avoid being touchy if you feel good*

2.

MAKE FRIENDS AND PROMOTE SOCIAL SUCCESS: With a healthy body your attitude will be pleasant.

3*

PLEASANT OUTLOOK: in your heart.

You will awake each morning with a song

PRESENTATION: Some suggestions and methods which will help you develop good intestinal functions. 1.

2.

ACID CONDITIONS: testinal tract.

How to prevent an acid or gassy ii>-

a.

Avoid constipation by taking foods which promote proper elimination.

b.

When you eat, follow good habits;

c*

Consult a doctor if gas pains persist.

d.

Never use “Quack" medicines.

e.

For tenporary relief, use baking soda.

f.

Be sensible when you eat.

DYSPEPSIA:

don’t eat to excess,

How to prevent Dyspepsia.

a.

Be sensible, avoid foods you know will bother you.

b.

Never over eat.

c.

Eat at regular intervals.

d.

Avoid eating between meals.

e.

Consult a doctor if discomfort persists*

HOUSE. CLEANINGS

How to develop good bowel elimination.

a.

Eat and chew foods properly.

b.

Drink plenty.

pp 90-103.

FILI6 : a.

Disease and How it Spreads, sd. Brandon Films, Inc., 1600 Broadw^r, New York 19, Hew York.

CHAPTER 10.

NON-CONTAGIOUS DISEASES

HOW TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF NON-CONTAGIOUS DISEASES A.

B.

MOTIVATION:

Rewards that come from knowledge of diseases.

1.

LONGER LIFE: You will have a longer, healthier life if you avoid diseases.

2.

SOCIAL PROTECTION: You can make your neighborhood a healthy place to live in by avoiding diseases.

3.

GREATER SELF AND SOCIAL RESPECT: A person who can care for his body commands the respect of his friends and neighbors.

PRESENTATION: Suggestive problems and procedures that will aid you in solving causes of disease. 1*

2.

BLISTERS: a.

Keep the skin clean.

b.

W ear gloves while working in the yard.

c.

Avoid nibbing skin, particularly by dirty clothing.

CORNS: a.

3*

U.

how to avoid blisters.

How to avoid corns.

Wear good fitting shoes.

b.

Avoid wearing sloppy fitting shoes.

c.

Avoid wearing too tight fitting shoes.

EARACHE:

How to avoid earache.

a.

Keep the nose and ears clean.

b.

Avoid blowing the nose hard.

c.

Never stick hair pins or other foreign objects in the ear.

d.

Consult a doctor.

HERNIA: a.

How to avoid a hernia.

Avoid muscular strain by lifting.

la

5.

6.

7*

8*

C.

b.

Avoid jumping too strenuously,

e.

Avoid violent coughing.

d.

Apply pressure to sore area.

e.

Wear a bandage in sore area.

HICCOUGHS:

a.

Avoid eating too rapidly.

b.

Avoid indigestion.

c.

Avoid alcoholic drinks.

d.

Avoid becoming nervous.

HIVES:

How to avoid hives.

a.

Avoid eating foods that you are sensitive to.

b.

Avoid too frequent serum injections.

c.

Avoid eating particular varieties of shelled fish or oysters.

LOCKJAW:

How to avoid lockjaw.

a.

Clean and dress all wounds thoroughly.

b.

Rush patient to hospital for antitoxin serum injections.

c«

Investigate cause of wound.

d.

Hydrogen peroxide is a good cleaning agent($%)•

STIES:

How to avoid styes.

a.

Maintain a well balanced diet.

b.

Use glasses if required.

c.

Avoid straining the eyes.

PERFORMANCE: disease. 1.

How to prevent hiccoughs.

Activities that will help you acquire knowledge of

VJSIT: Visit your local doctor and then makeup do’s and don'ts of non-contagious disease.

a list of the

D.

2.

CHART: Secure a chart from better food concern, and develop a food chart for your own home.

3.

FOODS: Test foods to see which affectyou, and refrain from eating excessively foods that cause you discomfort.

1*.

DISPLAY: Visit a local eye doctor and secure a list of do’s and don’ts about the care of the eyes. Place these ona chart and display them in the classroom.

EVALUATION: A means by which you can rate yourself according to health procedures outlined in Chapter '8^ 1.

E.

RATING SCALE:

Place an X in the spaces for which you qualify.

a.

( ) Never squeeze pimples.

b.

( ) You maintain a clean skin by washing your face and hands three times daily.

c«

( ) You consult a doctor when you feel your hearing is dulled.

d.

( } You prevent hiccoughs by not eating too rapidly.

e.

( ) When treating yourself or a friend for cuts or burns you always clean and dress all wounds thoroughly.

f.

( ) You maintain a well balanced diet in your home.

g.

( ) Use your glasses when reading or writing*

ENRICHMENT MATERIALS: Suggested readings and visual aids that will help you develop your body free from non-contagious diseases! 1.

BOOKS: &m

Wilson:

pp I2i5*-160.

b.

Harvey, B. C. H.: Simple Lessons in Human Anatomy. American Ifedical Association, Chicago, Illinois, I9kl (reference). >

2.

FILMS: a.

Breathing. 1 reel, si., E.B.F.

PAST III.

FAMILY LIVING

HGSST TO PROMOTE HEALTHFUL FAMILY LIVING Besides personal grooming and community health the problem of healthful family living is an inportant one.

It is inportant because

without ease of mind combined with proper rest and relaxation, neither personal health nor community health can be maintained.

This, therefore,

is a section devoted to the problem of healthful family living and the many solutions you can use to maintain long life and happiness.

CHATTER 11.

PEACE

HOT TO MAINTAIN AND DEVELOP PEACE AND HARMONY IN THE HDJE A.

B. ~

MOTIVATION: Rewards that will be yours if you give fullest cooperation in the home. 1.

MENTAL EASE: Yon will be in a better frame of mind if you can come and go with a feeling of mental ease.

2.

PHYSICAL WELL BEING: Your whole physical system will be re­ laxed and the work you do will be done well.

3.

MORE ASSURANCE: You will have more confidence in your work if you respect the opinions of your family.

PRESENTATION: Some suggestions and nethods which will help you develcp and maintain harmony in the home. 1.

DISPUTES: Hew to avoid disputes with your family. a.

Remenber that your parents are your superiors*

b.

Their opinions are based on many years of experience.

c.

Be reasonable enough to listen to the other side of the story.

d. When you are ill or tired retire to your own room, think before you speak.

2.

e.

Avoid talking excessively at the dinner table; stomach produces poor digestion.

f.

If you must discuss a point restrict it to ones that are not too controversial.

g.

Always be proxipt when called to the dinner table.

ARRANGEMENT:

a nervous

How to arrange family outings and home parties.

a.

Decide where you would like to go, then present your ideas to the rest of the family as suggestions.

b.

Volunteer for any suggestions that may be offered.

e*

Assist in preparing the food and utensils for the outing* (for girls)

d*

Give every assistance to preparing the the tires and gas gauge*

e.

Make arrangements to bring enough athletic equipment so that you can have a family ball game*

f*

Avoid tiring yourself so that you will not become cross and irritated*

g*

Permit ample time to reach home considering all of the elements of our congested highways*

h*

Avoid talking excessively during the trip to and from the location of your outingj talking makes the driver nervous*

i.

Give Mom and Dad a helping hand at all times.

j*

When planning a party make a list of the do*s and don’ts that your parents want you to abide by in the home.

family

car, check

k* *Avoid inviting rowdys or those of your friends that have a great dislike for each other* 1. Remenber you have neighbors so keep the noise down to a rrrirriwintry

m*

Remssber to clean the house up after the party* Leave the house just as it was before your guests arrived.

TRANSPORT ATION: How to share the family car and avoid arguments* a.

Make certain that your parents have no urgent business to take care of before you ask for the car*

b*

Permit anple time before you need the car to ask your parents for the car.

c*

If your family needs the car on the specific evening you wish to use it, show your willingness to make other arrangements*

d*

If you must use the car offer to pay for the gas and oil.

e*

To show your willingness to cooperate offer to wash and polish the car, cut the lawn, or help Mom around the house, thus paving the way for fruitful rewards.

f* 1*.

Remember that if you have brothers they have as much right to use of the car as you*

FAMILY PROPERTY: arguments*

How to share family property and avoid

a*

If someone is using the family bathroom avoid pounding on the door and yelling for them to hurry. Be fair and considerate, remember they have as much right to the bathroom as you*

b*

When you have finished using the bathroom clean it up just as it was before you entered*

c* When you receive a phone call avoid long lengthy con­ versations, someone else in the family may want to use the telephone. d.

Try and arrive at some compromise concerning the television and radio sets.

e. When inviting guests over be sure and let the rest of the family knew well in advance.

C.

f.

Before you enter the house clean your shoes and dust off your clothes.

g.

Before you decide to loan community property out seek permission from the rest of the family.

h*

If you damage something offer to repair or replace it.

PERFORMANCE: Suggested activities that will aid you to develop and maintain harmony in the home. I.

LISTING: Make a list of the dislikes of each member of your family. Make a sheet for each member and then avoid picking on these dislikes that may stimulate a dispute*

2*

PARTIES: Plan a party. List all the do’s and don'ts. Talk over the complete plans of the party with the family and make notes concerning their suggestions.

3*

TRIP: Plan a trip for your parents, show them how well you can drive the car so when you ask for the car for a date there will be little cause for arguments*

U7

lu

D.

EVALUATION: Sanple of ways in which you can iaprove your relations with your family. 1.

E.

GAMSS: Organize games in which all the members of your f anily will take part. Permit your family to express their likes and dislikes about certain games, refrain from shouting, etc, try and use the reasoning power you possess.

RATING SCALE:

Place an X in the space for which you qualify.

a.

( )

Consider your parents as superiors and accept their judgment.

b.

( )

Are you reasonable enough to listen to both sides of a story before passing judgment.

c.

( )

When planning anything, readily accept suggestions.

d.

()

Avoid talking excessively at the dinner table.

e.

()

Share the car with the rest of the family.

f.

()

Fay for the gas and oil when you use the car.

g.

()

Refrain from arguments when your parents ask you to cut the lawn or wash the car.

h.

()

Clean up after one of your parties.

i.

( )

Give advance notice to your parents when planning a party.

j.

()

Offer to pay for things you have damaged.

ENRICHMENT MATERIALS: Suggested readings and visual aids that will help you develop peace andharmony" in the horae. 1.

BOOKS: a.

Goodrich, Laurence B.: Living With Others. Co., New York, 1939* pp 115>-13S.

American Book

b.

Carlson:

c.

Dennis, Lemo T.: Living Together in the Family.American Home Economics Association, Washington, D.C., 1935*

pp h9-5h»

1*8

F J X jM S s

a#

Your Family*

Coronet 191*8.

b*

You and Ypur Family. Y1CA 191*6.

CHAPTER 12.

SELECTION

HOW TO SELECT A PARTNER AND PLAN A HAPPY MARRIAGE A.

MOTIVATION: Rewards that will be yours if you select the proper mate for your marriage* 1.

SUCCESSFUL LIFE: Having someone to share your good points and your shortcomings will give you the fortitude and en­ couragement to strive ahead*

2,

PERSONAL SATISFACTION: You will acquire that ’’walking on. the clouds’* feeling when you know that your aims, thoughts and de­ sires are mutually shared with your partner. \

3*

B.

ACCEPTANCE IN SOCIETY: When you work together, society will accept and place you in a higher position*

PRESENTATION: Some suggestions and methods that will help you develop a hippy lasting marriage* 1*

2*

PARTNER:

How to select a suitable mate*

a*

Select a mate who is well developed, not only intellectually but from the emotional point of view.

b*

Discover your future mates likes and dislikes*

c*

Select a mate who has self assurance*

d*

Make certain that the person you love will give you love in return.

e*

Make a study of his or her moods, emotions and judgments*

f*

Arrive at some mutual agreement about religion*

g*

Be frank, discuss things in the open with your intended*

h*

Arrive at some agreement about financial problems*

LICENSE:

How to secure a marriage license*

a*

Secure the permission of your parents if you are under age.

b.

Go to your local doctor and secure a certificate in­ dicating your blood is free from disease*

c*

Present your birth certificates to the county records office*

d. Fill out the required forms.

3*

e*

Present the completed forms to the clerk*

f*

Pay a fee of two dollars to the clerk and you are ready for the altar*

PREPARATION: the license* a*

How to prepare for the marriage after securing

Pay a visit to the minister and make arrangements about the date, etc*

b* Permit plenty of

time for rest before the ceremony*

c* Send announcements to your friends as to the place, date and time of the ceremony* d* If you must have stag parties avoid excessive drinking and permit aaple time for that much needed rest before the ceremony*

C.

e*

Secure wedding clothes for the groom which should include black cut-away or morning coats, dark grey-striped trousers, etc* (for a fashionable wedding); a dark business suit is permissible for most weddings*

f*

Secure wedding clothes for the bride which should include a long gown (for a fashionable wedding); an afternoon dress or a tailored suit are commonly used*

PERFORMANCE: Projects that will help you develop and plan a successful marriage* 1.

VISIT: Spend a few hours in a divorce court and list the many do*s and don'ts that could have saved the marriage, then analyze your own situation*

2*

LICENSE: Secure the address of the local county records office, make a list of the things you need to secure so you can get the license*

3*

ANALYZE: Make a list of the good and bad points of the steady partner then attempt to cultivate the good points and overcome the bad ones*

li,

D.

OPINICKNS: Sit down with your parents and outline the details for the wedding. Coup are these opinions with your own ideas and then work out a solution that will be pleasing to all.

EVALUATION: A sample method by vhich you can test your knowledge of selecting a partner and planning a happy marriage. 1*

TRUE-FAISE: T

E.

Place an X in the correct space for true or false.

F

a.

( } ( ) When selecting a mate you should consider only his intellectual background.

b.

( ) ( ) You should avoid discussing too frankly any questions concerning money or sex with your future mate.

c.

( ) ( ) When you want to secure your license it is not necessary to bring a birth certificate along.

d.

( ) ( ) Before you can secure your license to be married you should have a blood test taken.

e.

( ) ( ) The normal fee for a marriage license that you should pay is three dollars^

f•

( ) ( ) Y0u should avoid discussing religion when planning your marriage.

g.

( ) ( ) You should send out announcements three weeks before the ceremony.

h.

( ) ( ) Some of the main things you should consider in your future mate are his moods, emotions aid judgments.

i.

( ) ( ) There is no particular age when you should. secure permission of your parents to marry.

ENRICHMENT MATERIALS! Suggested readings and visual aids that will *' 1b^p^c^~8^e ct a partner and plan a happy marriaige. 1.

BOOKS: a.

Geisal, John B.s Personal Problems and Ifcrale. Mifflin Company, Boston, 1943*

Houghton

b*

Jfc Lean, Donald.: Knowing Ynurself and Others. and. Conpany, New York, 193$.

Henry Hall

c.

Strain, D.: love at the Threshold. D. Jppleton-Cenbury Coupany, Inc., New York, I9I4.2.

FILLS: a.

Charm and Personality Plus Character. w si sd color sale apply.

Warren 19WU

37 min.,

53

CHAPTER 13.

SURROUNDINGS

HOT TO MAINTAIN AND DEVELOP A GOOD ENVIRONMENT A.

B.

MOTIVATION:

Rewards that come from a healthful environment.

1.

PERSONAL SATISFACTIONS With a well developed environment you will achieve a sense of personal satisfaction.

2.

BETTER MEMBER OF SOCIETY: Inproving your environment builds you a firmer position in society.

3.

MORE LASTING AND SUCCESSFUL HOMS LIFE: Your life will be more full of happiness and joy if you spend total effort in building a good environment.

PRESENTAT ION: Suggestive procedures that will help you promote a fuller environment. 1.

WASTE: a#

2.

How to remove and displace waste materials.

For country type latrines the following are inportant. (1)

Latrines should be flyproofed.

(2)

Latrines should be dug below the ground water level.

(3)

Avoid digging latrines in clay areas.

(L)

Place latrines at least 100 yards from the house.

b.

Use a strong lye about once each week.

c.

Inspect your plumbing for leaks.

d*

Maintain a well constructed garbage can, keep the lid on tight.

VENTILATION: the home.

How to develop proper ventilation and heat in

a.

Avoid permitting the heat to exceed 75°F.

b.

Keep a moderate amount of fresh air flowing through the house.

c.

Maintain the bedroom tenperature slightly lower than the living room tenperature.

5U

3.

lu

3.

d.

Avoid strong drafts.

e.

Dry heat is the best type of heat for the home.

f.

Heating equipment should be determined by the climate, cost of fuel, and by the size and construction of the home.

WATERS

How to achieve and maintain a good water supply.

a.

Where there is danger of contamination, treat the water with calcium hyperchlorite.

b.

If necessary boil the water.

c.

If a cistern is used, keep it covered at all times.

d.

Check your water pipes for rust and odors.

e.

Keep water in a clean cool spot.

CHOOSING FOODS: and foods.

How to choose, drink and eat the best milk

a.

Check foods for governmental stamps.

b.

Use only milk supplied by a large coupany.

c.

Buy your food and milk from stores you are sure are clean and sanitary.

d.

In spite of how clean the fruits and vegetables look, scrub them when you arrive home.

e.

Report, to the Health Authorities, any unclean store or market procedures you find.

SPACE:

How to provide anple space for an enjoyable home.

a.

Select an area that is large enough for your needs.

b.

include plenty of storage and bedroom space.

c.

Provide anple fenced-in area for children to pl^T.

d.

Provide anple space for a home garden and tool shed.

e.

Select and proper colors and shades for the home.

55

6.

C.

D.

INSECTS: how to avoid moths and termites from destroying your property. a*

Apply moth balls in every closet.

b.

Creosote should be applied to all regions where termites have been eating.

c«

Floors and walls should be kept clean, thus avoiding breeding places for bugs.

PERFORMANCE: Suggestive activities that will help promote a better environment. 1.

PLANNING: Plan a small model home, and permit anple space for recreation and rest.