Evaluating the Language of Argument 3030616932, 9783030616939

Table of contents :
Introduction
Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Part ILanguage
1 Language and Thought
1.1 The Origin of Language
1.2 From Words to Language
1.3 The Relationship of Language and Thought
1.4 Sapir-Whorf and Linguistic Relativity
1.5 Language, World View and Argument
2 The Meaning of Meaning
2.1 Types of Meaning
2.2 The Indispensable Nature of Ambiguity
2.3 Definitions of Words by Other Words
2.4 Meaning as Used in Argument
2.5 Conclusions of Philosophy
3 Language as Argument
3.1 Gricean Implicature
3.2 Conversational Maxims
3.3 Implicature in Argumentation Research
3.4 Anscombre and Ducrot’s Argumentativity
Part IIArgument
4 What Argument Is
4.1 Definition of Argument
4.2 The Charge of Logocentricism
4.3 Argument and Argumentation
4.4 The Structure of an Argument
4.5 Argumentation as Activity
5 The Modes of Argumentation
5.1 Wohlrapp’s Three Levels of Argument
5.2 Walton’s Types of Dialogue
5.3 Van Eemeren’s Genres of Communicative Activity
5.4 Dufour’s ‘Rationales’
5.5 Objections to Functionalism
5.6 A Typology of Argument Modes
5.6.1 Solo Argument
5.6.2 Co-Operative Argument
5.6.3 Antagonistic Argument
5.6.4 Formalised Argument
5.6.5 Rhetorical Argument
5.6.6 Erotetic Argument
5.6.7 Demonstrative Argument
5.6.8 Explanatory Argument
6 Pragmatics, Rhetoric and Semantics
6.1 Linguistics in the Study of Argument
6.2 Pragma-Dialectics
6.3 Pragmatics and Inferentialism
6.4 Rhetoric and Argument
6.5 Disputes Merely Verbal
Part IIIError
7 Fallacies
7.1 A Standard Definition
7.2 Categorisation
7.3 Fallacies Uncontrolled
7.4 Fallacies in the Present Framework of Argument
8 Fallacies of Language
8.1 Aristotle’s List
8.2 Ambiguity and Equivocation
8.3 The Straw Man as Fallacy of Language
8.4 Vagueness as a Cause of Fallacy
8.5 Loaded Language
8.6 Begging the Question
8.7 Hedging
8.8 Persuasive Definition
8.9 Self-Defeating Statement
8.10 Semantic Incompatibility
9 Linguistic Fallacies in Philosophy
9.1 Language in Philosophy
9.2 Philosophical Fallacies of Definition
9.3 The Fetish of Language
9.4 A Critique of Language
9.5 Vagueness and Incompatibility
Part IVAnalysis
10 Analysis of Arguments
10.1 Three Categories of Assessment
10.2 Meta-Argument
10.3 Reconstruction
10.4 Normativity
10.5 Other Methods of Evaluation—A Brief Comparison
11 CAPNA—The Comprehensive Assessment Procedure for Natural Argumentation
11.1 Initial Analysis
11.2 Process Analysis
11.3 Reasoning Analysis
11.4 Informal Argument Semantics
12 Application of the Procedure
12.1 Example 1—Denial of Abortion
12.2 Example 2—No Such Thing as Society
12.3 Example 3—The University of Life
12.4 Example 4—Clear and Obvious Error
12.5 Example 5—A World Without Grammar
Conclusion
References
Index

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